title: Assessing estrogenic activity and reproductive toxicity of organic extracts in WWTP effluents.
abstract: Trace level organic contaminants might not be completely removed from the municipal wastewater and the safety incurred by them had become a concern. These organic pollutants were extracted from water samples and detected by GC-MS. The estrogenic activity of the organic was tested using Yeast Estrogen Screen to detect the transcriptional activation of the estrogen receptor (ER) and immature mouse uterotrophic bioassays to study reproductive toxicity. The results of GC-MS demonstrated the organic extracts in the municipal wastewater and the WWTP effluents Included two major categories, benzenes and Phthalates. The estrogenic activity of organic extracts from the secondary effluent (SE) and tertiary effluent (TE) was below that of the raw wastewater (RW). Results of uterotrophic bioassay demonstrated that SE would bring some potential hazards on animals while TE was relatively safe.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Zhengzhou Wastewater Purification Co Ltd, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Water Conservancy & Environment Engineering, China; Research Institute of Nanjing University at Lianyungang, China.
authors.forename: Chuanhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China.
authors.forename: Zhijin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China. Electronic address: clx@zzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Liuxin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D002681:China; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014599:Uterus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D004967:Estrogens; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001616:beta-Galactosidase
keywords: Estrogenic activity; Immature mouse uterotrophic response; Organic extract; WWTP effluent