title: Pros and cons of fatty acids in bone biology.
abstract: Despite the growing interest in deciphering the causes and consequences of obesity-related disorders, the mechanisms linking fat intake to bone behaviour remain unclear. Since bone fractures are widely associated with increased morbidity and mortality, most notably in elderly and obese people, bone health has become a major social and economic issue. Consistently, public health system guidelines have encouraged low-fat diets in order to reduce associated complications. However, from a bone point of view, mechanisms linking fat intake to bone alteration remain quite controversial. Thus, after more than a decade of dedicated studies, this timely review offers a comprehensive overview of the relationships between bone and fatty acids. Using clinical evidences as a starting-point to more complex molecular elucidation, this work highlights the complexity of the system and reveals that bone alteration that cannot be solved simply by taking ω-3 pills. Fatty acid effects on bone metabolism can be both direct and indirect and require integrated investigations. Furthermore, even at the level of a single cell, one fatty acid is able to trigger several different independent pathways (receptors, metabolites…) which may all have a say in the final cellular metabolic response.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Equipe Alimentation, Squelette et Métabolismes, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wauquier
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Equipe Alimentation, Squelette et Métabolismes, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Léotoing
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Equipe Alimentation, Squelette et Métabolismes, France.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Philippe
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Equipe Alimentation, Squelette et Métabolismes, France.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spilmont
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Equipe Alimentation, Squelette et Métabolismes, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coxam
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Equipe Alimentation, Squelette et Métabolismes, France. Electronic address: yohann.wittrant@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Yohann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wittrant
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D020738:Leptin
keywords: Bone; Fatty acids; Nutrition; Osteoporosis