title: Speech training alters consonant and vowel responses in multiple auditory cortex fields.
abstract: Speech sounds evoke unique neural activity patterns in primary auditory cortex (A1). Extensive speech sound discrimination training alters A1 responses. While the neighboring auditory cortical fields each contain information about speech sound identity, each field processes speech sounds differently. We hypothesized that while all fields would exhibit training-induced plasticity following speech training, there would be unique differences in how each field changes. In this study, rats were trained to discriminate speech sounds by consonant or vowel in quiet and in varying levels of background speech-shaped noise. Local field potential and multiunit responses were recorded from four auditory cortex fields in rats that had received 10 weeks of speech discrimination training. Our results reveal that training alters speech evoked responses in each of the auditory fields tested. The neural response to consonants was significantly stronger in anterior auditory field (AAF) and A1 following speech training. The neural response to vowels following speech training was significantly weaker in ventral auditory field (VAF) and posterior auditory field (PAF). This differential plasticity of consonant and vowel sound responses may result from the greater paired pulse depression, expanded low frequency tuning, reduced frequency selectivity, and lower tone thresholds, which occurred across the four auditory fields. These findings suggest that alterations in the distributed processing of behaviorally relevant sounds may contribute to robust speech discrimination.
authors.affiliation: School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, GR41, Richardson, TX 75080, United States. Electronic address: novitski@utdallas.edu.
authors.forename: Crystal T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Engineer
authors.affiliation: School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, GR41, Richardson, TX 75080, United States.
authors.forename: Kimiya C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Rahebi
authors.affiliation: School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, GR41, Richardson, TX 75080, United States.
authors.forename: Elizabeth P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Buell
authors.affiliation: School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, GR41, Richardson, TX 75080, United States.
authors.forename: Melyssa K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.affiliation: School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, GR41, Richardson, TX 75080, United States.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Kilgard
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000818:Animals; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D010700:Phonetics; D051381:Rats; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Auditory processing; Map reorganization; Receptive field plasticity; Speech therapy
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2012 Mar 15;205:81-90
references.pmid: 22249158
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e98439
references.pmid: 24871331
references.citation: Learn Mem. 2002 May-Jun;9(3):138-50
references.pmid: 12075002
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2013 Mar;23(3):670-83
references.pmid: 22426334
references.citation: Neuron. 2006 Aug 3;51(3):359-68
references.pmid: 16880130
references.citation: J Acoust Soc Am. 2008 Feb;123(2):899-909
references.pmid: 18247893
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2013 Nov 12;252:80-97
references.pmid: 23954862
references.citation: Ear Hear. 2001 Apr;22(2):79-90
references.pmid: 11324846
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2014 Jan 1;258:166-78
references.pmid: 24344364
references.citation: Percept Psychophys. 1973 Jun 1;13(2):253-260
references.pmid: 23226880
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2008 May;11(5):609-16
references.pmid: 18408717
references.citation: Front Psychol. 2010 Dec 24;1:232
references.pmid: 21738513
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2013 Jul;110(1):177-89
references.pmid: 23596332
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984 Jun;41(6):607-12
references.pmid: 6732421
references.citation: Cortex. 1997 Mar;33(1):83-98
references.pmid: 9088723
references.citation: Nature. 2003 Aug 7;424(6949):669-74
references.pmid: 12904792
references.citation: Cognition. 2013 Feb;126(2):307-12
references.pmid: 23121712
references.citation: J Acoust Soc Am. 2008 Aug;124(2):1220-33
references.pmid: 18681609
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2010 Jan;125(1):e17-23
references.pmid: 19948568
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990 Feb;47(2):181-8
references.pmid: 2405807
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Feb 15;61(4):482-6
references.pmid: 16460695
references.citation: Brain Res. 1997 Aug 1;764(1-2):53-66
references.pmid: 9295193
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2003 May;19(1):113-24
references.pmid: 12781731
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2011 Dec 29;199:243-58
references.pmid: 21985937
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2012 May;22(5):1180-90
references.pmid: 21799207
references.citation: BMC Neurosci. 2013;14:151
references.pmid: 24314010
references.citation: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2004 Sep;45(6):1107-14
references.pmid: 15257667
references.citation: Neuron. 2011 Apr 14;70(1):121-31
references.pmid: 21482361
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2011 May 16;219(1):68-74
references.pmid: 21167211
references.citation: J Am Acad Audiol. 2010 Oct;21(9):575-85
references.pmid: 21241645
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2013 Feb 20;33(8):3699-705
references.pmid: 23426696
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2010 Apr;103(4):1785-97
references.pmid: 20107117
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2006 May 3;26(18):4970-82
references.pmid: 16672673
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Nov;51(11):1150-9
references.pmid: 23101741
references.citation: Neuroreport. 2006 Nov 27;17(17):1761-6
references.pmid: 17164660
references.citation: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2015 Jan;124(1):13-20
references.pmid: 24973337
references.citation: Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput. 1999 Feb;31(1):137-49
references.pmid: 10495845
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2007 May;97(5):3621-38
references.pmid: 17376842
references.citation: Dev Neurobiol. 2014 Oct;74(10):972-86
references.pmid: 24639033
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2004 May 30;135(1-2):107-20
references.pmid: 15020095
references.citation: J Exp Anal Behav. 2003 Sep;80(2):205-15
references.pmid: 14674729
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2011 Dec;34(11):1823-38
references.pmid: 22098331
references.citation: Front Syst Neurosci. 2014 Aug 05;8:137
references.pmid: 25140133
references.citation: Mol Psychiatry. 2004 Apr;9(4):417-25
references.pmid: 14981523
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2008 Feb;18(2):301-14
references.pmid: 17615251
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2006 May 3;26(18):4785-95
references.pmid: 16672651
references.citation: Nat Commun. 2013;4:2585
references.pmid: 24121634
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1993 Jan;13(1):87-103
references.pmid: 8423485
references.citation: Nature. 2000 Jan 27;403(6768):428-30
references.pmid: 10667794
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2008 May;11(5):603-8
references.pmid: 18425123
references.citation: J Autism Dev Disord. 2009 Aug;39(8):1185-96
references.pmid: 19353261