title: Evaluation of Renal Artery Anomalies Associated with Horseshoe Kidney Using CT Angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence of supernumerary renal arteries in horseshoe kidney (HSK) patients, focusing on number and diameters using computed tomographic angiography (CTA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine patients with HSK and 103 patients with normal kidney (NK) underwent 64 or 128 multidetector CT. Based on 2-dimensional CT, including multiplanar reconstruction, maximum intensity projection, and volume-rendered images with a 0.5-mm reconstruction interval on CTA, we assessed the incidence of supernumerary renal arteries, and large ( > 3 mm in diameter) supernumerary renal arteries, and compared the results between the HSK and NK patients using a chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean number of renal arteries was 3.87 in HSK patients and 2.41 in the NK patients. The incidence rates of supernumerary arteries and supernumerary arteries greater than 3 mm were 92.3 %, 69.2 % in HSK patients and 33%, 8.7% in NK patients. Supernumerary and large supernumerary renal arteries had significantly higher incidence rates in the HSK patients than in the NK patients on CTA (p = 0.003, < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supernumerary and large supernumerary renal arteries were frequently found among the HSK patients on CTA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, kanagawa 259-1193, Japan. tamaki-i@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp. or tamaki-i@mars.sannet.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanno
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okochi
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Joishi
authors.forename: Nandinerden
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Enkhbaatar
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terachi
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishibe
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dardik
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimura
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D000069337:Fused Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies