title: Clinical efficacy of autologous stem cell transplantation for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we investigate whether bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNC) have therapeutic efficacy in type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  
  
  METHODS
  Search terms included stem cell, bone marrow cell, peripheral blood cell, umbilical cord blood and T2D in MEDLINE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, EMBASE, the Wanfang Database, the China Science and Technology Periodical Database and China Journal Net.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen trials met our inclusion criteria (n = 497). One group included 266 cases with BM-MNC therapy and the other group contained 231 cases with PB-MNC treatment. Glycosylated hemoglobin was decreased after BM-MNC or PB-MNC therapy compared with that before (12 months: P < 0.001; 6 months: P < 0.001; 3 months: P < 0.05). Fasting plasma glucose was reduced in BM-MNC therapy group compared with control after 12-month follow-up (P < 0.001) and after BM-MNC therapy compared with that before (9 months: P < 0.001) but was not obvious in other stages. Meanwhile, the analysis showed that C-peptide level increased after BM-MNC and PB-MNC therapy compared with the control therapy (12 months: P < 0.001) and with that before therapy (6 months: P < 0.05). Insulin requirement reduction was also observed in patients receiving BM-MNC therapy (3, 6, 9 and 12 months: P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To a certain extent, BM-MNC or PB-MNC therapy for T2D demonstrated superiority of glycemic control, increased insulin biosynthesis and elevated insulin secretion from existing β-cells and might prevent islet cell loss.
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zhxwang18@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zheng-Xu
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Xia
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Duo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yishan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bei-Lei
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin
keywords: bone marrow mononuclear cell; meta-analysis; peripheral blood mononuclear cell; stem cell; type 2 diabetes mellitus