title: Reconstruction of distal biceps tendon ruptures with a cortical button.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reconstruction of the ruptured distal biceps tendon is best done with a cortical button technique according to recent biomechanical studies. However, clinical outcome studies that evaluate the cortical button reconstruction technique are scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of a cortical button reconstruction technique in patients with a traumatic distal biceps tendon rupture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients with 24 traumatic distal biceps tendon ruptures underwent surgical treatment. Reconstructions were done using the Endobutton or Toggle Loc. Postoperative evaluation consisted of ROM, strength, stability, neurological status and standard radiographs in AP view and lateral direction. The Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPI) and quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (qDASH) questionnaires were also obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At a median follow-up of 22 months, the mean strength for flexion was 100 % (SD 21.3) and for supination 97 % (SD 7.8), compared to the contralateral side. There were complications in 8 patients (36 %), and heterotopic ossifications were seen on radiographs in 23 % of patients. Heterotopic ossifications were symptomatic in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results after distal biceps tendon refixation with a cortical button were good according to ROM, MEPI and qDASH scores and strength. However, this procedure was accompanied with complications; in particular, the formation of heterotopic ossifications was frequently seen, though clinically relevant in only one patient.
authors.forename: Izaäk F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Kodde
authors.forename: Michel P J
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: van den Bekerom
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eygendaal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001134:Arm Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012421:Rupture; D053441:Suture Anchors; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult; D000092464:Elbow Injuries
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1989 Sep;71(8):1208-13
references.pmid: 2777849
references.citation: Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2002 Nov;(404):275-83
references.pmid: 12439270
references.citation: Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2011 Nov;19(11):1936-41
references.pmid: 21713413
references.citation: J Hand Surg Br. 2004 Apr;29(2):178-82
references.pmid: 15010168
references.citation: Arthroscopy. 2005 Jul;21(7):897
references.pmid: 16012509
references.citation: Hand Surg. 2012;17(2):167-71
references.pmid: 22745079
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993 Dec;75(12):1795-803
references.pmid: 8258550
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1985 Mar;67(3):414-7
references.pmid: 3972865
references.citation: Hand (N Y). 2011 Mar;6(1):39-46
references.pmid: 22379436
references.citation: J Hand Surg Am. 2012 Oct;37(10):2112-7
references.pmid: 22938802
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2012 Oct;21(10):1342-7
references.pmid: 22541865
references.citation: Am J Sports Med. 2007 Feb;35(2):252-8
references.pmid: 17192318
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2003 Sep-Oct;12(5):484-90
references.pmid: 14564273
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2000 Mar-Apr;9(2):120-6
references.pmid: 10810691
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2013 Jan;22(1):70-3
references.pmid: 23021900
references.citation: Am J Sports Med. 2007 Sep;35(9):1544-8
references.pmid: 17395957
references.citation: Am J Sports Med. 2007 Nov;35(11):1865-9
references.pmid: 17687121
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2008 Jan-Feb;17(1 Suppl):67S-71S
references.pmid: 17931894
references.citation: Orthopedics. 2008 Dec;31(12):null
references.pmid: 19226066
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2009 Sep-Oct;18(5):804-7
references.pmid: 19362860
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2006 Jul-Aug;15(4):509-14
references.pmid: 16831659
references.citation: World J Orthop. 2013 Apr 18;4(2):98-9
references.pmid: 23610760
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2007 Sep-Oct;16(5):e10-2
references.pmid: 17363293
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2009 Mar-Apr;18(2):283-7
references.pmid: 19101177
references.citation: Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2007 Jul;20(3):235-6
references.pmid: 17637875
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000 Nov;82-A(11):1575-81
references.pmid: 11097447
references.citation: Orthopedics. 2011 Nov 09;34(11):e724-9
references.pmid: 22049953
references.citation: Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996 Jan;(322):116-9
references.pmid: 8542686
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012 Jul 3;94(13):1166-74
references.pmid: 22760383
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1985 Mar;67(3):418-21
references.pmid: 3972866
references.citation: Am J Sports Med. 2008 Aug;36(8):1618-24
references.pmid: 18658024
references.citation: Sports Med Arthrosc. 2008 Sep;16(3):148-53
references.pmid: 18703974
references.citation: Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2004 Apr;124(3):206-8
references.pmid: 14758491
references.citation: Acta Orthop Scand. 1977;48(3):280-2
references.pmid: 335773
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1995 May-Jun;4(3):149-56
references.pmid: 7552670
references.citation: Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2007 Oct;127(8):705-8
references.pmid: 17468875