title: Ovarian hormones and borderline personality disorder features: Preliminary evidence for interactive effects of estradiol and progesterone.
abstract: Cyclical fluctuations in the ovarian hormones 17β-estradiol (E2; estrogen) and progesterone (P4) predict emotions, cognitive processes, and behaviors relevant to Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD); however, there are individual differences in sensitivity to normal hormone shifts. This study examined associations of naturally occurring hormonal changes with concurrent BPD feature expression. Forty women sampled for a flat distribution of the PAI-BOR (n=10 where T<50, n=10 where 50<T<60, n=10 where 60<T<70, and n=10 where T>70) provided four weekly saliva samples and psychological assessments. Across most outcomes (e.g., BPD features, felt rejection, anger rumination, negative urgency) P4 deviation (from one's person mean) moderated the effect of current E2 deviation (from one's person mean) among women high (+1 SD) in trait BPD features such that E2 deviation was negatively associated with symptoms only when P4 was higher-than-usual. Cyclical hormone changes (e.g., higher P4 in the luteal phase; E2 fluctuations at ovulation and in the luteal phase) may impact BPD feature expression among at-risk women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 115 Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA. Electronic address: t.eisenlohr.moul@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tory A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Eisenlohr-Moul
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 115 Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
authors.forename: C Nathan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: DeWall
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Medical School Wing D, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Susan S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Girdler
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 115 Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Segerstrom
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol
keywords: 17β-estradiol; Anger rumination; Borderline personality disorder; Estrogen; Menstrual cycle; Negative urgency; Progesterone; Rejection sensitivity
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