title: Age-related T2 changes in hindlimb muscles of mdx mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor changes in the transverse relaxation time constant (T2) in lower hindlimb muscles of mdx mice at different ages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Young (5 weeks), adult (44 weeks), and old mdx (96 weeks), and age-matched control mice were studied. Young mdx mice were imaged longitudinally, whereas adult and old mdx mice were imaged at a single time-point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean muscle T2 and percent of pixels with elevated T2 were significantly different between mdx and control mice at all ages. In young mdx mice, mean muscle T2 peaked at 7-8 weeks and declined at 9-11 weeks. In old mdx mice, mean muscle T2 was decreased compared with young and adult mice, which could be attributed to fibrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRI captured longitudinal changes in skeletal muscle integrity of mdx mice. This information will be valuable for pre-clinical testing of potential therapeutic interventions for muscular dystrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Ravneet S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Vohra
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Box 100274, Gainesville, Florida, 32610-0274, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Sean C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Krista
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vandenborne
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Box 100274, Gainesville, Florida, 32610-0274, USA.
authors.forename: Glenn A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Walter
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000473:pathology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018101:Mice, Inbred mdx; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology*; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy, fibrosis; inflammation; magnetic resonance imaging; mdx mouse; muscle T2
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