title: Leptin levels are negatively correlated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with osteoarthritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is compelling evidence in humans that peripheral endocannabinoid signaling is disrupted in obesity. However, little is known about the corresponding central signaling. Here, we have investigated the relationship between gender, leptin, body mass index (BMI) and levels of the endocannabinoids anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of primarily overweight to obese patients with osteoarthritis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients (20 females, 15 males, age range 44-78 years, BMI range 24-42) undergoing total knee arthroplasty for end-stage osteoarthritis were recruited for the study. Endocannabinoids were quantified by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. AEA and 2-AG levels in the serum and CSF did not correlate with either age or BMI. However, 2-AG levels in the CSF, but not serum, correlated negatively with CSF leptin levels (Spearman's ρ -0.48, P=0.0076, n=30). No such correlations were observed for AEA and leptin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the patient sample investigated, there is a negative association between 2-AG and leptin levels in the CSF. This is consistent with pre-clinical studies in animals, demonstrating that leptin controls the levels of hypothalamic endocannabinoids that regulate feeding behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Syed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mario J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rebecchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Galbavy
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reinsel
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sabeen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rizwan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Benveniste
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaczocha
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D063388:Endocannabinoids / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D005989:Glycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000601:surgery; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D005989:Glycerides; D020738:Leptin; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; C094503:glyceryl 2-arachidonate; C078814:anandamide
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