title: Bioaccumulation, morphological changes, and induction of metallothionein gene expression in the digestive system of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense after exposure to cadmium.
abstract: To study the responses of digestive system of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense to the exposure with cadmium (Cd), crabs were acutely exposed to 7.25, 14.50, and 29.00 mg/l Cd for 96 h and subchronically exposed to 0.725, 1.450, and 2.900 mg/l for 21 days. Cd bioaccumulation in the hepatopancreas and digestive tract (esophagus and intestine) was examined. Furthermore, histopathological alterations of the esophagus, midgut, hindgut, and hepatopancreas were assessed in animals from the 29.0 and 2.90 mg/l Cd treatment groups, and expression of metallothionein messenger RNA (MT mRNA) in the hepatopancreas and intestine was measured in all treatment groups. The results showed difference in the middle and high concentrations between acute and subchronic treatment groups. Cd content in digestive tract after acute 14.5 and 29.0 mg/l Cd exposure was significantly higher than that at subchronic 1.45 and 2.90 mg/l exposure, but Cd levels in hepatopancreas were not significantly different under the same condition. Acute exposure to Cd induced greater morphological damage than subchronic exposure: large areas of epithelial cells were necrotic in hepatopancreas and midgut, which detached from the basal lamina. Vacuolated muscle cells were observed in the hindgut of animals from the acute exposure group, but the changes of esophageal morphology were not obvious after acute or subchronic treatments. The expression of MT mRNA increased with increasing Cd concentration, and MT mRNA level in acute exposure groups was significantly lower when compared to the subchronic exposure groups. Higher Cd content and lower MT mRNA expression in the acutely exposed groups may be responsible for more severe damage of digestive system in these exposure groups.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Wucheng Road 92#, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yingjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xingping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003386:Brachyura / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D004064:Digestive System / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D008668:Metallothionein
references.citation: Environ Toxicol. 2005 Apr;20(2):142-9
references.pmid: 15793826
references.citation: Biochem J. 1990 Apr 15;267(2):539-40
references.pmid: 2334407
references.citation: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Jun;20(6):4085-92
references.pmid: 23224505
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;140(1):39-45
references.pmid: 15792621
references.citation: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2010 Nov;73(8):1884-9
references.pmid: 20870289
references.citation: Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:680131
references.pmid: 24757669
references.citation: Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 1994 Jul;48(1):27-31
references.pmid: 7979349
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2010 Apr;151(3):325-33
references.pmid: 20044031
references.citation: Ecotoxicology. 2009 Apr;18(3):312-8
references.pmid: 19031115
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2006 Nov;144(3):272-8
references.pmid: 17097355
references.citation: Mar Environ Res. 2002 Sep-Dec;54(3-5):357-60
references.pmid: 12408588
references.citation: Aquat Toxicol. 2013 Sep 15;140-141:1-10
references.pmid: 23747547
references.citation: Methods. 2001 Dec;25(4):402-8
references.pmid: 11846609
references.citation: Micron. 2013 Apr;47:24-32
references.pmid: 23402952
references.citation: Talanta. 1998 Jun;46(2):243-54
references.pmid: 18967148
references.citation: Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Mar;64(3):253-8
references.pmid: 20869213
references.citation: Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2006 May;21(3):246-53
references.pmid: 21783665
references.citation: Aquat Toxicol. 2004 Jan 7;66(1):25-38
references.pmid: 14687977
references.citation: Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2013 Sep;35(3):792-800
references.pmid: 23791862
references.citation: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2015 Mar;113:231-40
references.pmid: 25521337
references.citation: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2013 Mar;89:1-7
references.pmid: 23321365
references.citation: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009 May;56(4):747-53
references.pmid: 18846314
references.citation: J Toxicol. 2011;2011:895236
references.pmid: 21876692
references.citation: Aquat Toxicol. 2006 Feb 10;76(2):160-202
references.pmid: 16289342
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2010 Apr;151(3):386-92
references.pmid: 20067844
references.citation: Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014 Jun;38(2):318-29
references.pmid: 24698996
references.citation: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Aug 1;238(3):215-20
references.pmid: 19362100
references.citation: Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2015 Mar;39(2):825-32
references.pmid: 25769102
references.citation: Biometals. 2010 Oct;23(5):927-40
references.pmid: 20361350
references.citation: Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2014 May 15;766:10-5
references.pmid: 24681118
references.citation: Sensors (Basel). 2009;9(6):4789-803
references.pmid: 22408554
references.citation: Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2003 Sep;71(3):561-9
references.pmid: 14567583
references.citation: Chemosphere. 2008 Dec;74(1):51-6
references.pmid: 18952253
references.citation: Environ Pollut. 2003;121(3):307-20
references.pmid: 12685759
references.citation: J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jan 30;185(2-3):1605-8
references.pmid: 21074318
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 13;275(41):31819-25
references.pmid: 10896936
references.citation: Arthropod Struct Dev. 2008 Jul;37(4):287-98
references.pmid: 18440863
references.citation: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2009 Sep;72(6):1767-73
references.pmid: 19493569
references.citation: Cell Tissue Res. 2003 May;312(2):249-63
references.pmid: 12715146