title: Prevalence of albicans and non-albicans candiduria in a Malaysian medical centre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the proportion of albicans and non-albicans candiduria in a hospital setting and to ascertain if fluconazole is still suitable as empirical antifungal therapy based on antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida species.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2010 and December 2011 at UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and comprised 64 urine samples from patients who were either suspected or confirmed to have urinary tract infections. Yeasts were speciated using ID 32 C and subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing using Sensititre® YeastOne YO8.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Candida albicans accounted for 38(59.4%) of the isolates, Candida tropicalis 18(28.1%), Candida glabrata 6(9.4%) and Candida parapsilosis 2(3.1%). Overall, the isolates were susceptible to both amphotericin B (MIC90 1 μg/ml) and to 5-flucytosine (MIC90 0.25 μg/ml), but susceptible-dose dependent towards fluconazole (MIC90 16 μg/ml). Individually, Candida albicans was susceptible to fluconazole (MIC90 2 μg/ml), amphotericin B (MIC90 0.5 μg/ml) and 5-flucytosine (MIC90 0.25 μg/ml). Candida tropicalis was also susceptible to fluconazole (MIC90 4 μg/ml), amphotericin B (MIC90 1 μg/ml) and 5-flucytosine (MIC90 0.125 μg/ml). Candida glabrata was resistant to fluconazole (MIC90 64 μg/ml), but susceptible to amphotericin B (MIC90 1 μg/ml) and 5-flucytosine (MIC90 0.125 μg/ml). Lastly, Candida parapsilosis was resistant to fluconazole (MIC90 256 μg/ml), but susceptible to amphotericin B (MIC90 0.5 μg/ml) and 5-flucytosine (MIC90 0.5 μg/ml).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The commonest yeast associated with candiduria at the study site was Candida albicans, and fluconazole can still be used for empirical therapy of candiduria.
authors.forename: Chuan Hun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Asrul Abdul
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wahab
authors.forename: Najihan Abdul Samat
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Muttaqillah
authors.forename: Mohd Nizam
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Tzar
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002176:Candida albicans; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000652:urine; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole