title: A simple way to prepare Pd/Fe₃O₄/polypyrrole hollow capsules and their applications in catalysis.
abstract: Preparation of catalysts with good catalytic activity and high stability, together with magnetic separation property, in a simple way is highly desirable. In this paper, we reported a novel strategy to construct magnetic recyclable hollow capsules with Pd and Fe3O4 nanoparticles embedded in polypyrrole (PPy) shell via only two steps: first, synthesization of Pd nanoparticles, preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and formation of PPy shell were finished in one-step on the surface of polystyrene (PS) nanospheres; then, the PS core was selectively removed by tetrahydrofuran. The Pd/Fe3O4/PPy hollow capsules exhibited good catalytic property in reduction of 4-nitrophenol with NaBH4 as reducing agent, and the reaction rate constants were calculated through pseudo-first-order reaction equation. Due to incorporation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the catalysts could be quickly separated from the reaction solution by magnet and reused without obvious catalytic loss. Besides catalytic property and reusability, their stability was also examined by HNO3 etching experiment. Compared with bare Pd and Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the stability of both Pd and Fe3O4 nanoparticles in hollow capsules was largely improved owing to the protection of PPy shell. The good catalytic performance, ease of separation, high stability and especially a simple preparation procedure, made Pd/Fe3O4/PPy hollow capsules highly promising candidates for diverse applications.
authors.affiliation: The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tongjie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Baifu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: cuit@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Tieyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cui
keywords: Catalysis; Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles; Hollow capsules; Pd nanoparticles; Polypyrrole (PPy)