title: Emission rates of regulated pollutants from current technology heavy-duty diesel and natural gas goods movement vehicles.
abstract: Chassis dynamometer emissions testing of 11 heavy-duty goods movement vehicles, including diesel, natural gas, and dual-fuel technology, compliant with US-EPA 2010 emissions standard were conducted. Results of the study show that three-way catalyst (TWC) equipped stoichiometric natural gas vehicles emit 96% lower NOx emissions as compared to selective catalytic reduction (SCR) equipped diesel vehicles. Characteristics of drayage truck vocation, represented by the near-dock and local drayage driving cycles, were linked to high NOx emissions from diesel vehicles equipped with a SCR. Exhaust gas temperatures below 250 °C, for more than 95% duration of the local and near-dock driving cycles, resulted in minimal SCR activity. The low percentage of activity SCR over the local and near-dock cycles contributed to a brake-specific NOx emissions that were 5-7 times higher than in-use certification limit. The study also illustrated the differences between emissions rate measured from chassis dynamometer testing and prediction from the EMFAC model. The results of the study emphasize the need for model inputs relative to SCR performance as a function of driving cycle and engine operation characteristics.
authors.affiliation: †Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States.
authors.forename: Arvind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thiruvengadam
authors.affiliation: †Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States.
authors.forename: Marc C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Besch
authors.affiliation: †Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States.
authors.forename: Pragalath
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thiruvengadam
authors.affiliation: †Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States.
authors.forename: Saroj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pradhan
authors.affiliation: †Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carder
authors.affiliation: †Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States.
authors.forename: Hemanth
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kappanna
authors.affiliation: ‡University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States.
authors.forename: Mridul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gautam
authors.affiliation: §South Quality Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar, California 91765, United States.
authors.forename: Adewale
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oshinuga
authors.affiliation: §South Quality Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar, California 91765, United States.
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hogo
authors.affiliation: §South Quality Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar, California 91765, United States.
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyasato
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001336:Automobiles; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D059206:Natural Gas; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D013672:Technology / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D013696:Temperature; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D059206:Natural Gas; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D009569:Nitric Oxide