title: Graded porous polyurethane foam: a potential scaffold for oro-maxillary bone regeneration.
abstract: Bone tissue engineering applications demand for biomaterials offering a substrate for cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, while inferring suitable mechanical properties to the construct. In the present study, polyurethane (PU) foams were synthesized to develop a graded porous material-characterized by a dense shell and a porous core-for the treatment of oro-maxillary bone defects. Foam was synthesized via a one-pot reaction starting from a polyisocyanate and a biocompatible polyester diol, using water as a foaming agent. Different foaming conditions were examined, with the aim of creating a dense/porous functional graded material that would perform at the same time as an osteoconductive scaffold for bone defect regeneration and as a membrane-barrier to gingival tissue ingrowth. The obtained PU was characterized in terms of morphological and mechanical properties. Biocompatibility assessment was performed in combination with bone-marrow-derived human mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs). Our findings confirm that the material is potentially suitable for guided bone regeneration applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Tissue Engineering Unit, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Giannitelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Basoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Tissue Engineering Unit, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mozetic
authors.affiliation: University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.affiliation: University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Bartuli
authors.affiliation: University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luciani
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; U.O.C.C. Odontostomatology, "S. Giovanni Calibita, Fatebenefratelli" Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arcuri
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Tissue Engineering Unit, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trombetta
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Tissue Engineering Unit, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: a.rainer@unicampus.it.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rainer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Licoccia
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019245:Compressive Strength; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D016062:Porosity; D033081:Shear Strength; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D005740:Gases; D011140:Polyurethanes
keywords: Bone tissue engineering; Graded materials; Periodontal defects; Polyurethane foams