title: Type I interferon related genes are common genes on the early stage after vaccination by meta-analysis of microarray data.
abstract: The objective of this study was to find common immune mechanism across different kinds of vaccines. A meta-analysis of microarray datasets was performed using publicly available microarray Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Array Express data sets of vaccination records. Seven studies (out of 35) were selected for this meta-analysis. A total of 447 chips (145 pre-vaccination and 302 post-vaccination) were included. Significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) program was used for screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional pathway enrichment for the DEGs was conducted in DAVID Gene Ontology (GO) database. Twenty DEGs were identified, of which 10 up-regulated genes involved immune response. Six of which were type I interferon (IFN) related genes, including LY6E, MX1, OAS3, IFI44L, IFI6 and IFITM3. Ten down-regulated genes mainly mediated negative regulation of cell proliferation and cell motion. Results of a subgroup analysis showed that although the kinds of genes varied widely between days 3 and 7 post vaccination, the pathways between them are basically the same, such as immune response and response to viruses, etc. For an independent verification of these 6 type I IFN related genes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected at baseline and day 3 after the vaccination from 8 Enterovirus 71(EV71) vaccinees and were assayed by RT-PCR. Results showed that the 6 DEGs were also upregulated in EV71 vaccinees. In summary, meta-analysis methods were used to explore the immune mechanism of vaccines and results indicated that the type I IFN related genes and corresponding pathways were common in early immune responses for different kinds of vaccines.
authors.affiliation: a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control ; Beijing , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Junnan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qunying
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Zhenglun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000276:immunology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007110:Immunity, Active / Q000235:genetics*; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: CPE, cytopathogenic effect; DCs, dendritic cells; DEGs, differentially expressed genes; EV71, enterovirus 71; GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus; GO, gene ontology; IFN, interferon; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PRRs, pattern recognition receptors; SAM, significance analysis of microarrays; TLRs, Toll-like receptors; immune mechanism; meta-analysis; microarray; type I interferon; vaccine
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