title: The impact of over 80 years of land cover changes on bee and wasp pollinator communities in England.
abstract: Change in land cover is thought to be one of the key drivers of pollinator declines, and yet there is a dearth of studies exploring the relationships between historical changes in land cover and shifts in pollinator communities. Here, we explore, for the first time, land cover changes in England over more than 80 years, and relate them to concurrent shifts in bee and wasp species richness and community composition. Using historical data from 14 sites across four counties, we quantify the key land cover changes within and around these sites and estimate the changes in richness and composition of pollinators. Land cover changes within sites, as well as changes within a 1 km radius outside the sites, have significant effects on richness and composition of bee and wasp species, with changes in edge habitats between major land classes also having a key influence. Our results highlight not just the land cover changes that may be detrimental to pollinator communities, but also provide an insight into how increases in habitat diversity may benefit species diversity, and could thus help inform policy and practice for future land management.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK g.d.senapathi@reading.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Deepa
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8883-1583
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Senapathi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Luísa G
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-979X
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Carvalheiro
authors.affiliation: Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jacobus C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Biesmeijer
authors.affiliation: Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
authors.forename: Cassie-Ann
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dodson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
authors.forename: Rebecca L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McKerchar
authors.affiliation: Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK.
authors.forename: R Daniel
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.affiliation: Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
authors.forename: Ellen D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.affiliation: Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
authors.forename: Stuart P M
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: William E
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9812-2326
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Kunin
authors.affiliation: Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
authors.forename: Simon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Potts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000502:physiology*; D044822:Biodiversity; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D017753:Ecosystem; D004739:England; D054817:Pollination; D013997:Time Factors; D014863:Wasps / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Dudley Stamp map; LCM 2007; historical land cover change; pollinators; species composition; species richness
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