title: An in vivo and in vitro investigation on hepatoprotective effects of Pimpinella anisum seed essential oil and extracts against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Protective effects of different extracts and essential oil from Pimpinella anisum L. seeds were examined against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced toxicity. The parameters such as serum transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase activity, hepatic glutathione content, liver lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes of liver were assessed as toxicity markers. In the in vitro model of this study, markers such as cell viability, cellular reduced and oxidized glutathione and lipid peroxidation in HepG2 cells were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human liver cancer cell line HepG2 and male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with extracts and essential oil, and markers of hepatotoxicity were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data revealed that the n-hexane extract, effectively attenuated CCl4-induced toxicity in both in vitro and in vivo models in current investigation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As the oxidative stress markers were ameliorated, it might be concluded that anise seed possesses protective effects probably due to its antioxidant constituents.
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Akram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jamshidzadeh
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ; Gerash Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heidari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Razmjou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Forouzan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmood Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Moein
authors.affiliation: Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, International Branch, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Farshad
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Amin Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Akbarizadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza Houshangi
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Shayesteh
keywords: Anise seed; CCl4; HepG2 cells; Hepatotoxicity; Oxidative stress; Rat
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