title: Comparison of two angiographic systems in paediatric interventional cardiology.
abstract: The aim of this work was to analyse the radiation dose for patients and staff between X-ray systems, a new biplane with flat-panel detectors (FDs) and a conventional system equipped with image intensifier (II). Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) and scatter doses were measured on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantoms of different thicknesses (from 4 to 16 cm). The ESAK values for the different acquisition modes and PMMA thicknesses were higher for the II in comparison with FDs. For the II, the scatter dose rates ranged from 0.67 to 12.2 mSv h(-1) at the eye position of the cardiologist during fluoroscopy and cine modes. At the lower extremities, these values were 1.11 and 24.24 mSv h(-1). In the case of the FDs, these values ranged from 0.24 to 0.67 mSv h(-1) for eye lens and from 0.73 to 2.01 mSv h(-1) for the position of cardiologist's ankle. The newly installed X-ray system showed an average reduction factor of up to 9.7 times for ESAK values. For the staff with an average reduction factor of 15.9 times at the eye position during fluoroscopy and cine modes, no protective tools are used. At the lower extremities, this value was 7.6 times.
authors.affiliation: Medical Technology Department, Study Center in Radiological Sciences (CECRAD), Health Sciences Faculty, Tarapaca University, Arica, Chile carlos.ubeda.uta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ubeda
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vano
authors.affiliation: Hemodynamic Department, Cardiovascular Service, Luis Calvo Mackenna Hospital, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Hemodynamic Department, Cardiovascular Service, Roberto del Rio Hospital, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aguirre
authors.affiliation: Hemodynamic Department, Cardiovascular Service, Roberto del Rio Hospital, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Riquelme
authors.affiliation: Centro de Diagnóstico y Terapia Endovascular, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guarda
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000792:Angiography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002309:Cardiology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate