title: Effectiveness of a walking group intervention to promote physical activity and cardiovascular health in predominantly non-Hispanic black and Hispanic urban neighborhoods: findings from the walk your heart to health intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Walk Your Heart to Health (WYHH) intervention, one component of the multilevel Community Approaches to Cardiovascular Health: Pathways to Heart Health (CATCH:PATH) intervention designed to promote physical activity and reduce cardiovascular risk among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic residents of Detroit, Michigan. The study was designed and implemented using a community-based participatory research approach that actively engaged community residents, health service providers and academic researchers. It was implemented between 2009 and 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  WYHH was a 32-week community health promoter-facilitated walking group intervention. Groups met three times per week at community-based or faith-based organizations, and walked for 45 to 90 minutes (increasing over time). The study used a cluster randomized control design to evaluate effectiveness of WYHH, with participants randomized into intervention or lagged intervention (control) groups. Psychosocial, clinical, and anthropometric data were collected at baseline, 8, and 32 weeks, and pedometer step data tracked using uploadable peisoelectric pedometers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants in the intervention group increased steps significantly more during the initial 8-week intervention period, compared with the control group (β = 2004.5, p = .000). Increases in physical activity were associated with reductions in systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, waist circumference and body mass index at 8 weeks, and maintained at 32 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The WYHH community health promoter-facilitated walking group intervention was associated with significant reductions in multiple indicators of cardiovascular risk among predominantly Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black participants in a low-to-moderate income urban community. Such interventions can contribute to reductions in racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic inequities in cardiovascular mortality.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA amy@schulz.com.
authors.forename: Amy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Israel
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Graciela B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mentz
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernal
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Deanna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caver
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DeMajo
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Gregoria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gamboa
authors.affiliation: Brightmoor Community Center, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Causandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaines
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Bernadine
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoston
authors.affiliation: Warren/Conner Development Coalition, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Alisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Opperman
authors.affiliation: Detroit Hispanic Development Corporation, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Angela G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.affiliation: Friends of Parkside, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Zachary
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Sharon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Sand
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000367:Age Factors; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology*; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D008875:Middle Aged; D011203:Poverty; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012944:Social Support; D014505:Urban Population; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids
keywords: cardiovascular disease; community health promotion; community-based participatory research; health disparities; health promotion; physical activity/exercise
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