title: An analysis of the influence of selected genetic and hormonal factors on the occurrence of depressive symptoms in late-reproductive-age women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of genetic and hormonal factors on incidences of depressive symptoms in late-reproductive-age women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed using the Beck Depression Inventory, the PCR, and genetic tests of 347 healthy late-reproductive-age Polish women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relationship between the level of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and depressive symptoms was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Increases in age and FSH levels were accompanied by a decrease in AMH level in a significant way (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant relationships between the distribution of genotypes and the frequency of alleles of the investigated polymorphisms and depressive symptoms according to the Beck Depression Inventory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) The presence of the s/s genotype of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in the serotonin transporter promoter region and the 3/3 genotype of the 30-bp VNTR polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A promoter region does not contribute to the development of depressive symptoms in late-reproductive-age women. (2) A relationship between the level of anti-Müllerian hormone and depressive symptoms was not confirmed in the group of healthy late-reproductive-age women. (3) AMH level correlates negatively with FSH level and age, which confirms that AMH can be regarded as a factor reflecting the ovarian reserve.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland. jurczaka@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jurczak
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland. m.szkup@onet.eu.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szkup
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, ul. Krakowska 71-79, 71-017 Szczecin, Poland. samoaga@tlen.pl.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samochowiec
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego Str. 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland. annagrzywacz@gazeta.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grzywacz
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego Str. 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland. samoj@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Samochowiec
authors.affiliation: Public Health Department, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland. karabea@sci.pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karakiewicz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Stem Cell Physiology and Biochemistry, Division and Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland. barbara.dolegowska@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dołęgowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland. grochans@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grochans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000235:genetics*; D011044:Poland; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005819:Genetic Markers; C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; C579458:monoamine oxidase A, human
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