title: Predictors of vocational status in schizophrenia patients--Results from the Polish nationwide survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Steady employment constitutes one of most important aspects of functional recovery in schizophrenia. Therefore, there is a need for understanding clinical and demographic factors predicting vocational status in schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and demographic data of 1,010 schizophrenia patients were gathered from public outpatient clinics. We compared patients who maintained employment between the diagnosis time point and the day of assessment, with the patients who were employed in the diagnosis time point but were unemployed on the day of assessment with respect to clinical and demographic variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lower educational attainment, lower-income region of residence, medical comorbidities (obesity, diabetes and hypertension), first hospitalization at inpatient unit in comparison with the day hospital, higher total number of hospitalizations and the number of inpatient hospitalizations were found to serve as predictors of unemployment throughout the course of schizophrenia. After application of Bonferroni correction and logistic binary regression analysis, lower educational attainment, higher number of inpatient hospitalizations and obesity predicted unemployment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Education, obesity and the number of inpatient hospitalizations seem to predict vocational outcome in schizophrenia. This study warrants further investigation of medical comorbidities in schizophrenia in terms of social consequences in order to indicate the direction of this relationship.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiejna
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Patryk
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piotrowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland mblazej@interia.eu.
authors.forename: Błażej
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Misiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adamowski
authors.affiliation: Janssen-Cilag Polska, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Janssen-Cilag Polska, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Skrzekowska-Baran
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frydecka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D011044:Poland; D011379:Prognosis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014478:Unemployment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Schizophrenia; inpatient hospitalizations; medical comorbidity; nationwide survey; vocational status
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