title: Introduction.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000266:history*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history; D002309:Cardiology / Q000266:history*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000266:history* / Q000601:surgery; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D064795:Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring / Q000266:history