title: Cardioprotective effect of propofol against oxygen glucose deprivation and reperfusion injury in H9c2 cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The intravenous anesthetic propofol is reported to be a cardioprotective agent against ischemic-reperfusion injury in the heart. However, the regulatory mechanism still remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we used H9c2 cell line under condition of oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reperfusion (OGD/R) to induce in vitro cardiomyocytes ischemia-reperfusion injury. Propofol (5, 10, and 20 μM) was added to the cell cultures before and during the OGD/R phases to investigate the underlying mechanism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data showed that OGD/R decreased cell viability, and increased lactate dehydrogenase leakage, and reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production in H9c2 cells, all of which were significantly reversed by propofol. Moreover, we found that propofol increased both the activities and protein expressions of superoxide dismutase and catalase. In addition, propofol increased FoxO1 expression in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited p-AMPK formation significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the propofol might exert its antioxidative effect through FoxO1 in H9c2 cells, and it has a potential therapeutic effect on cardiac disorders involved in oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Qiuping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Xuguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Zejian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1
chemical_list: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D002374:Catalase; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D005947:Glucose; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010100:Oxygen; D015742:Propofol; D020011:Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C074639:Foxo1 protein, rat; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1
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