title: Determining the probiotic potential of cholesterol-reducing Lactobacillus and Weissella strains isolated from gherkins (fermented cucumber) and south Indian fermented koozh.
abstract: This study sought to evaluate the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditionally fermented south Indian koozh and gherkin (cucumber). A total of 51 LAB strains were isolated, among which four were identified as Lactobacillus spp. and three as Weissella spp. The strains were screened for their probiotic potential. All isolated Lactobacillus and Weissella strains were capable of surviving under low pH and bile salt conditions. GI9 and FKI21 were able to survive at pH 2.0 and 0.50% bile salt for 3 h without losing their viability. All LAB strains exhibited inhibitory activity against tested pathogens and were able to deconjugate bile salt. Higher deconjugation was observed in the presence of sodium glycocholate (P < 0.05). Strain FKI21 showed maximum auto-aggregation (79%) and co-aggregation with Escherichia coli MTCC 1089 (68%). Exopolysaccharide production of LAB strains ranged from 68.39 to 127.12 mg/L (P < 0.05). Moreover, GI9 (58.08 μg/ml) and FKI21 (56.25 μg/ml) exhibited maximum cholesterol reduction with bile salts. 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed GI9 and FKI21 as Lactobacillus crispatus and Weissella koreensis, respectively. This is the first study to report isolation of W. koreensis FKI21 from fermented koozh and demonstrates its cholesterol-reducing potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Gandhigram, 624302, Tamilnadu, India; Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan. Electronic address: anandharaj49@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marimuthu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anandharaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Gandhigram, 624302, Tamilnadu, India. Electronic address: balayogansivasankari@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Balayogan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sivasankari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Gandhigram, 624302, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Rajendran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santhanakaruppu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Gandhigram, 624302, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Muthusamy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manimaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Gandhigram, 624302, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Rizwana Parveen
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Rani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Gandhigram, 624302, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Subramaniyan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivakumar
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D018553:Cucumis sativus / Q000382:microbiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology; D005285:Fermentation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006000:Glycocholic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D010802:Phylogeny; D019936:Probiotics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D058836:Weissella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol; D006000:Glycocholic Acid
keywords: Gherkin; Koozh; Lactic acid bacteria; Lactobacillus crispatus GI9; Probiotics; Weissella koreensis FKI21