title: J wave syndromes: a decade of progress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to provide a brief history of J wave syndromes and to summarize our current understanding of their molecular, ionic, cellular mechanisms, and clinical features. We will also discuss the existing debates and further direction in basic and clinical research for J wave syndromes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The publications on key words of "J wave syndromes", "early repolarization syndrome (ERS)", "Brugada syndrome (BrS)" and "ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)" were comprehensively reviewed through search of the PubMed literatures without restriction on the publication date.
  
  
  METHODS
  Original articles, reviews and other literatures concerning J wave syndromes, ERS, BrS and STEMI were selected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  J wave syndromes were firstly defined by Yan et al. in a Chinese journal a decade ago, which represent a spectrum of variable phenotypes characterized by appearance of prominent electrocardiographic J wave including ERS, BrS and ventricular fibrillation (VF) associated with hypothermia and acute STEMI. J wave syndromes can be inherited or acquired and are mechanistically linked to amplification of the transient outward current (I to )-mediated J waves that can lead to phase 2 reentry capable of initiating VF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  J wave syndromes are a group of newly highlighted clinical entities that share similar molecular, ionic and cellular mechanism and marked by amplified J wave on the electrocardiogram and a risk of VF. The clinical challenge ahead is to identify the patients with J wave syndromes who are at risk for sudden cardiac death and determine the alternative therapeutic strategies to reduce mortality.
authors.forename: Guo-Liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chang-Cong
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Chao-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lankenau Medical Center and Lankenau Institute of Medical Research; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, PA, USA, .
authors.forename: Gan-Xin
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D053840:Brugada Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology
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