title: Hybrid alginate-polyester bimodal network hydrogel for tissue engineering--Influence of structured water on long-term cellular growth.
abstract: The development of biodegradable scaffolds (which promote cell-binding, proliferation, long-term cell viability and required biomechanical stability) for cardiac tissue engineering is a challenge. In this study, biosynthetic amphiphilic hybrid hydrogels were prepared using a graft comacromer of natural polysaccharide alginate and synthetic polyester polypropylene fumarate (PPF). Monomodal network hydrogel (HPAS-NO) and bimodal network hydrogel (HPAS-AA) were prepared. Between the two hydrogels, HPAS-AA hydrogel excels over the HPAS-NO hydrogel. HPAS-AA hydrogel is mechanically more stable in the culture medium and undergoes gradual degradation in vitro in PBS (phosphate buffered saline). HPAS-AA contains nano-porous structure and acquires structured water (non-freezing-bound water) (53.457%) along with free water (11.773%). It absorbs more plasma proteins and prevents platelet adsorption and hemolysis when contacted with blood. HPAS-AA hydrogel is cytocompatible and promote 3D cell growth (≈ 70%) of L929 fibroblast even after 18 days and H9C2 cardiomyoblasts. The enhanced and long-term cellular growth of HPAS-AA hydrogel is attributed to the cell responsive features of structured water. HPAS-AA hydrogel can be a better candidate for cardiac tissue engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Polymer Science Division, BMT Wing, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Finosh
authors.affiliation: Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Polymer Science Division, BMT Wing, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India. Electronic address: mjayabalan52@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jayabalan
authors.affiliation: Division of Agro Processing and Natural Products, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vandana
authors.affiliation: Division of Agro Processing and Natural Products, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Raghu
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002455:Cell Division; D020100:Hydrogels; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D020100:Hydrogels; D011091:Polyesters
keywords: Biosynthetic bimodal network hydrogel; Structured water; Three-dimensional growth of cells