title: A conceptual model of morphogenesis and regeneration.
abstract: This paper is devoted to computer modelling of the development and regeneration of multicellular biological structures. Some species (e.g. planaria and salamanders) are able to regenerate parts of their body after amputation damage, but the global rules governing cooperative cell behaviour during morphogenesis are not known. Here, we consider a simplified model organism, which consists of tissues formed around special cells that can be interpreted as stem cells. We assume that stem cells communicate with each other by a set of signals, and that the values of these signals depend on the distance between cells. Thus the signal distribution characterizes location of stem cells. If the signal distribution is changed, then the difference between the initial and the current signal distribution affects the behaviour of stem cells-e.g. as a result of an amputation of a part of tissue the signal distribution changes which stimulates stem cells to migrate to new locations, appropriate for regeneration of the proper pattern. Moreover, as stem cells divide and form tissues around them, they control the form and the size of regenerating tissues. This two-level organization of the model organism, with global regulation of stem cells and local regulation of tissues, allows its reproducible development and regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, 91440, Bures-sur-Yvette, France, tosenberger@math.univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tosenberger
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bessonov
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reinberg
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Volpert
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morozova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement; D003198:Computer Simulation; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology
references.citation: Transl Res. 2014 Apr;163(4):352-62
references.pmid: 24495569
references.citation: Regen Med. 2011 Nov;6(6):667-73
references.pmid: 22050517
references.citation: Int J Dev Biol. 2001;45(1):251-8
references.pmid: 11291854
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Sep;58(3):974-80
references.pmid: 16578682
references.citation: J R Soc Interface. 2014 Mar 6;11(92):20130918
references.pmid: 24402915
references.citation: BMC Biol. 2012;10:88
references.pmid: 23136835
references.citation: Biosystems. 2012 Sep;109(3):243-61
references.pmid: 22542702
references.citation: J Pediatr Surg. 1974 Dec;9(6):853-58
references.pmid: 4473530
references.citation: PLoS One. 2015;10(2):e0118091
references.pmid: 25695252
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Jul 2;460(7251):60-5
references.pmid: 19571878
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1985 Jul;45(7):2935-42
references.pmid: 3891078
references.citation: Dev Dyn. 2003 Feb;226(2):257-67
references.pmid: 12557204
references.citation: Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2012;14:295-323
references.pmid: 22809139
references.citation: Ann Biomed Eng. 2014 Feb;42(2):445-59
references.pmid: 24006130
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2009 Jun 1;330(1):186-99
references.pmid: 19217898
references.citation: Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2012 Mar;96(1):1-29
references.pmid: 22457174
references.citation: Cell. 2008 Feb 22;132(4):697-710
references.pmid: 18295584
references.citation: Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2012 Mar;96(1):51-62
references.pmid: 22457177
references.citation: Curr Top Dev Biol. 2014;108:217-46
references.pmid: 24512711
references.citation: Development. 2010 Apr;137(7):1095-105
references.pmid: 20215347
references.citation: J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1980 Oct;59:281-313
references.pmid: 7217873
references.citation: Genesis. 2011 Apr;49(4):222-30
references.pmid: 21309065
references.citation: J Physiol. 2014 Jun 1;592(11):2295-305
references.pmid: 24882814