title: Retrospective assessment of the validity of robotic surgery in comparison to open surgery for pediatric choledochal cyst.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the validity of robotic surgery (RS) for pediatric choledochal cyst (CC) in comparison to open surgery (OS).
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2009 to April 2013, clinical data from 79 consecutive pediatric patients with CC, who underwent RS (n=36) or OS (n=43) performed by a single pediatric surgeon, were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the RS group, the age of the patients was significantly older, compared to the OS group. Operation and anesthesia times were significantly longer in the RS group than the OS group. Fluid input rates to maintain the same urine output were significantly smaller in the RS group than the OS group. The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status, length of postoperative hospital stay, and the incidence of surgical complications did not differ significantly between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although early complications could not be avoided during the development of robotic surgical techniques, RS for pediatric CC showed results comparable to those for OS. We believe that RS may be a valid and alternative surgery for pediatric CC. After further development of robotic surgical systems and advancement of surgical techniques therewith, future prospective studies may reveal more positive results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Na Young
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Simin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ha Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. sjbai1@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Sun-Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. sjhan@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Seok Joo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015529:Choledochal Cyst / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012371:Robotics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Choledochal cyst; children; robotic surgery
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