title: Cross-cultural adaptation of the Malay version of the parent-proxy Health-Related Quality of Life Measure for Children with Epilepsy (CHEQOL-25) in Malaysia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to cross-culturally adapt the parent-proxy Health-Related Quality of Life Measure for Children with Epilepsy (CHEQOL-25) into Malay and to determine its validity and reliability among parents of children with epilepsy in Malaysia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The English version of the parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 was translated according to international guidelines to Malay. Content validity was verified by an expert panel and piloted in five parents of children with epilepsy (CWE). The Malay parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 was then administered to 40 parents of CWE, aged 8-18years from two tertiary hospitals, at baseline and 2weeks later. Parents were also required to complete the Malay PedsQL™ 4.0 so that convergent validity could be assessed. Hypothesis testing was assessed by correlating the individual subscales in the parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 with epilepsy severity, the number of anticonvulsants, and the number of close friends.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants from the pilot study did not encounter any problems in answering the final translated Malay parent-proxy CHEQOL-25. Hence, no further modifications were made. Cronbach's α for each subscale of the Malay parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 ranged from 0.67 to 0.83. The intraclass correlation coefficient for all items at test-retest ranged from 0.70 to 0.94. Both the CHEQOL-25 and the PedsQL™ 4.0 showed good correlation in the social and emotional subscales (r=0.598, p=0.002 and r=0.342, p=0.031, respectively). The severity of epilepsy, higher number of antiepileptic drug(s), poorer cognitive ability of the child, lower number of close friends, and lesser amount of time spent with friends were significantly associated with poorer health-related quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Malay parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 was found to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess parents' perceived HRQOL of their CWE in Malaysia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Primary Care Medicine, University of Malaya Primary Care Research Group (UMPCRG), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: suwoan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Su Woan
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wo
authors.affiliation: Department of Primary Care Medicine, University of Malaya Primary Care Research Group (UMPCRG), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: plai@ummc.edu.my.
authors.forename: Pauline Siew Mei
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: ong.lai.choo@ummc.edu.my.
authors.forename: Lai Choo
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine Dean's Office, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: lowwy@um.edu.my.
authors.forename: Wah Yun
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Low
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: kslimum@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kheng Seang
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: taycheegeap@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Chee Giap
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: cheepiau@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chee Piau
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pediatrics, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, 50586 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: rsivanesom@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sivanesom
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ranjini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D010865:Pilot Projects; D019727:Proxy; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014177:Translations
keywords: CHEQOL-25 instrument; Children; Epilepsy; Malay; Quality of life; Validation