title: Dispersal of H9N2 influenza A viruses between East Asia and North America by wild birds.
abstract: Samples were collected from wild birds in western Alaska to assess dispersal of influenza A viruses between East Asia and North America. Two isolates shared nearly identical nucleotide identity at eight genomic segments with H9N2 viruses isolated from China and South Korea providing evidence for intercontinental dispersal by migratory birds.
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK, USA. Electronic address: aramey@usgs.gov.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ramey
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sonsthagen
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: TeSlaa
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nashold
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Tyrone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.affiliation: US Fish and Wildlife Service, Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, P. O. Box 127, Cold Bay, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Casler
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D005202:Asia, Eastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Alaska; Anas acuta; Avian influenza; Chen canagica; China; East Asia; Emperor goose; Influenza A virus; North America; Northern pintail; South Korea