title: Simple and sensitive monitoring of β2-agonist residues in meat by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using a QuEChERS with preconcentration as the sample treatment.
abstract: A liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) method was established for the simultaneous determination of the levels of 10 β2-agonists in meat. The samples were extracted using an aqueous acidic solution and cleaned up using a Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) technique utilising a DVB-NVP-SO3Na sorbent synthesised in-house. First, the β2-agonist residues were extracted in an aqueous acidic solution, followed by matrix solid-phase dispersion for clean-up. The linearities of the method were R(2)=0.9925-0.9998, with RSDs of 2.7-15.3% and 73.7-103.5% recoveries. Very low limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) of 0.2-0.9 μg/kg and 0.8-3.2 μg/kg, respectively, were achieved for spiked meat. The values obtained were lower than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) established by the EU and China. These results clearly demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach. The evaluated method provided reliable screening, quantification and identification of 10 β2-agonists in meat.
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock Product (Lanzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China. Electronic address: xionglin807@sina.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock Product (Lanzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Qin
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock Product (Lanzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock Product (Lanzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock Product (Lanzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China.
authors.forename: Shimo Peter
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Shimo
mesh_terms: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005062:European Union; D005506:Food Contamination; D005513:Food Inspection / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D004983:Ethanolamines; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins; D010627:Phenethylamines; C060897:ractopamine
keywords: Cimaterol (PubChem CID: 277); Clenbuterol (PubChem CID: 2783); Clorprenaline (PubChem CID: 23360); DVB–NVP–SO(3)Na; Feed additive; Fenoterol (PubChem CID: 3343); LC–MS/MS; Meat; Penbuterol (PubChem CID: 4845); Phenylethanolamine A (PubChem CID: 3039588); QuEChERS; Ractopamine (PubChem CID: 56052); Salbutamol (PubChem CID: 2083); Terbutaline (PubChem CID: 5403); Tulobuterol (PubChem CID: 5606); β(2)-Agonists