title: Predictors of body composition changes during tuberculosis treatment in Mwanza, Tanzania.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gains in fat mass and lean mass during tuberculosis (TB) treatment may determine functional recovery and survival; yet, data are scarce. We aimed to assess predictors of fat and fat-free mass during 2 months of intensive TB treatment in a cohort in Mwanza, Tanzania.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fat and fat-free mass were determined at the start of TB treatment and repeated after 2 months using the deuterium dilution technique. Gains in fat and fat-free mass were determined and predictors assessed using regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data for 116 patients were available at baseline and during follow-up. Of these, 38.8% were females, mean age was 37.3 (s.d. 13.5) years, 69% (81) had sputum-positive TB, 45.7% (53) were HIV infected and 25% (29) were current smokers. The mean weight gain was 3.3 kg (95% confidence interval: 2.7; 3.8), and it did not differ by sex. However, compared with females, males had 1.0 (0.4; 1.6) kg/m(2) lower fat mass but 0.7 (0.2; 1.3) kg/m(2) higher fat-free mass gain. Current smoking was associated with higher fat mass (0.7 kg/m(2), 0.04; 1.4) but lower fat-free mass (-0.5 kg/m(2), -1.2; 0.07) gain. Among HIV-infected patients, antiretroviral therapy (ART) led to a lower fat gain (-1.2 kg/m(2), -2.2; -0.2) but to a higher fat-free mass among sputum-negative (2.9 kg/m(2), 0.8; 5.1) but not sputum-positive patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During intensive phase of TB treatment, sex, smoking and ART were predictors of body composition. Larger studies are needed to further understand predictors of body composition during recovery, to help design interventions to improve treatment outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: PrayGod
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Range
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Faurholt-Jepsen
authors.affiliation: Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jeremiah
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faurholt-Jepsen
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Centre, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Aabye
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magnussen
authors.affiliation: Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Changalucha
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL-Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
authors.forename: J C K
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Friis
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001823:Body Composition; D001825:Body Fluid Compartments / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013183:Sputum; D013636:Tanzania; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
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