title: Dynamics of Vibrio cholerae abundance in Austrian saline lakes, assessed with quantitative solid-phase cytometry.
abstract: In order to elucidate the main predictors of Vibrio cholerae dynamics and to estimate the risk of Vibrio cholera-related diseases, a recently developed direct detection approach based on fluorescence in situ hybridization and solid-phase cytometry (CARD-FISH/SPC) was applied in comparison to cultivation for water samples from the lake Neusiedler See, Austria and three shallow alkaline lakes over a period of 20 months. Vibrio cholerae attached to crustacean zooplankton was quantified via FISH and epifluorescence microscopy. Concentrations obtained by CARD-FISH/SPC were significantly higher than those obtained by culture in 2011, but were mostly of similar magnitude in 2012. Maximum cell numbers were 1.26 × 10(6) V. cholerae per L in Neusiedler See and 7.59 × 10(7) V. cholerae per L in the shallow alkaline lakes. Only on a few occasions during summer was the crustacean zooplankton the preferred habitat for V. cholerae. In winter, V. cholerae was not culturable but could be quantified at all sites with CARD-FISH/SPC. Beside temperature, suspended solids, zooplankton and ammonium were the main predictors of V. cholerae abundance in Neusiedler See, while in the shallow alkaline lakes it was organic carbon, conductivity and phosphorus. Based on the obtained concentrations a first estimation of the health risk for visitors of the lake could be performed.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.affiliation: Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jakwerth
authors.affiliation: Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.|Armament and Defence Technology Agency, NBC & Environmental Protection Technology Division, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
authors.forename: Rupert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bliem
authors.affiliation: UPMC Univ Paris 06, USR 3579, LBBM, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls-sur-Mer, 66650, France.|CNRS, LBBM, USR 3579, Banyuls-sur-Mer, 66650, France.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baudart
authors.affiliation: UPMC Univ Paris 06, USR 3579, LBBM, Sorbonne Universités, Banyuls-sur-Mer, 66650, France.|CNRS, LBBM, USR 3579, Banyuls-sur-Mer, 66650, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebaron
authors.affiliation: Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, 1090, Austria.
authors.forename: Steliana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huhulescu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kundi
authors.affiliation: Biological Research Institute Burgenland, Illmitz, 7142, Austria.
authors.forename: Alois
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herzig
authors.affiliation: Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 1060, Austria.|Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health (ICC), Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Andreas H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Farnleitner
authors.affiliation: Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.|Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health (ICC), Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.affiliation: Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.|Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health (ICC), Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirschner
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001317:Austria / Q000453:epidemiology; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003445:Crustacea / Q000382:microbiology*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D060106:Lakes / Q000382:microbiology*; D000068357:Saline Waters; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013696:Temperature; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D015048:Zooplankton / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D012965:Sodium Chloride
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