title: Age and sex effects on corpus callosum morphology across the lifespan.
abstract: The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest interhemispheric white matter tract in the human brain, and is characterized by pronounced differences in morphology among individuals. There are limited data, however, regarding typical development, sex differences, and the neuropsychological correlates of individual differences within CC subregions. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging exams were collected in a large cohort (N = 305) of healthy individuals (ages 8-68). We used a highly reliable program to automatically identify the midsagittal plane and obtain CC subregion measures according to approaches described by Witelson [1989]: Brain 112:799-835 and Hampel et al. [1998]: Arch Neurol 55:193-198 and a measure of whole CC shape (i.e., circularity). CC measurement parameters, including area, perimeter, length, circularity, and CC subregion area values were generally characterized by inverted U-shaped curves across the observed age range. Peak values for CC subregions were observed between ages 32 and 45, and descriptive linear correlations were consistent with sharper area changes in development. We also observed differing age-associated changes across the lifespan between males and females in the CC subregion corresponding to the genu (Witelson's subregion 2), as well as CC circularity. Mediation analysis using path modeling indicated that genu area mediated the relationship between age and processing speed for females, and the relationship between age and visual learning and executive functioning for males. Taken together, our findings implicate sex differences in CC morphology across the lifespan that are localized to the genu, which appear to mediate neuropsychological functions.
authors.affiliation: Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Manhasset, New York.|Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, New York.|Department of Psychology, St. John's University, Queens, New York.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Prendergast
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ardekani
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi.
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikuta
authors.affiliation: Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Manhasset, New York.|Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, New York.|Department of Mathematics, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York.
authors.forename: Majnu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Manhasset, New York.|Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, New York.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Manhasset, New York.|Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, New York.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: DeRosse
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, St. John's University, Queens, New York.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wellington
authors.affiliation: Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Manhasset, New York.|Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, New York.|Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra North Shore - LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York.|Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra North Shore - LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York.
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Malhotra
authors.affiliation: Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Manhasset, New York.|Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, New York.|Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra North Shore - LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York.|Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra North Shore - LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York.
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Szeszko
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D005260:Female; D006803:Human Development / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: corpus callosum; lifespan; neuropsychological functioning; sex differences
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