title: Acute hyperkinetic syndrome due to ephedrone abuse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A new form of manganese poisoning is related to the intravenous use of self-prepared methcathinone hydrochloride (ephedrone). Manganese encephalopathy typically manifests as a levodopa-resistant parkinsonism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 32-year-old drug-addicted man with acute gait disturbances after the ephedrone injections was presented. Choreic movements, severe postural instability, and "cock-walk" gait were observed. Magnetic resonance imaging T1 images showed high signal intensity of white matter in the basal ganglia and pituitary gland, and T2 images showed decreased signal mostly of globus pallidus with decreased N-acetylaspartate and choline levels in MR spectroscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The unusual pattern of MR imaging may explain the unusual clinical symptoms with dominant hyperkinetic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology (AD, SB, MK, KS, MZ, EK-G, RP), and Department of General Radiology, Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology (BJ), Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dolgan
authors.forename: Slawomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Budrewicz
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koszewicz
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bladowska
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Slotwinski
authors.forename: Mieszko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zagrajek
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koziorowska-Gawron
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Podemski
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D059906:Neuroimaging; D011427:Propiophenones / Q000009:adverse effects; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011427:Propiophenones; C047806:monomethylpropion