title: A report of a regional service for post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence: a model for best practice?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) is a potentially highly significant complication of a common urological procedure. Pathophysiology may be multifactorial but most commonly involves urinary sphincter weakness. The gold standard treatment for severe incontinence is artificial urinary sphincter but multiple alternatives exist. The growing incidence of PPI has led to the development of a specialized regional service dedicated to management.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2004 a regional referral protocol for PPI was established with a dedicated clinic at a single centre for assessment and management including videourodynamics, pelvic floor rehabilitation, biofeedback and a consultant with a specialist interest in PPI surgery. Data regarding all in-house and tertiary referrals to this clinic between 2004 and 2011 were analysed with patients categorized by symptom severity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 267 patients were referred to the post-prostatectomy service (mean age 66.6, range 49-83 years) with numbers increasing year on year. Two-thirds of these were tertiary referrals: 27.7% of referrals were for mild symptoms, 35.2% moderate and 33.3% severe. One-third of referrals were made within 2 years of the primary procedure. Just over half of referred patients underwent invasive treatment including 24.3 artificial sphincter (24.3%) and male slings (22.8%). 7.5% patients were managed with medication, 14.6% were managed conservatively with containment therapy only. One-fifth remain under assessment or have deferred treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PPI is of increasing personal and societal impact which should be identified early and supported. Investigation and management can be standardized and intervention at a high volume centre achieved by early specialist referral.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
authors.forename: Y Zaki
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Almallah
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Samuel J S
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Grimsley
keywords: bladder neck stenosis; post-prostatectomy incontinence; radical prostatectomy; urinary incontinence
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