title: Enzyme-regulated the changes of pH values for assembling a colorimetric and multistage interconnection logic network with multiple readouts.
abstract: Based on enzymatic reactions-triggered changes of pH values and biocomputing, a novel and multistage interconnection biological network with multiple easy-detectable signal outputs has been developed. Compared with traditional chemical computing, the enzyme-based biological system could overcome the interference between reactions or the incompatibility of individual computing gates and offer a unique opportunity to assemble multicomponent/multifunctional logic circuitries. Our system included four enzyme inputs: β-galactosidase (β-gal), glucose oxidase (GOx), esterase (Est) and urease (Ur). With the assistance of two signal transducers (gold nanoparticles and acid-base indicators) or pH meter, the outputs of the biological network could be conveniently read by the naked eyes. In contrast to current methods, the approach present here could realize cost-effective, label-free and colorimetric logic operations without complicated instrument. By designing a series of Boolean logic operations, we could logically make judgment of the compositions of the samples on the basis of visual output signals. Our work offered a promising paradigm for future biological computing technology and might be highly useful in future intelligent diagnostics, prodrug activation, smart drug delivery, process control, and electronic applications.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Youhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China. Electronic address: jren@ciac.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jinsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
authors.forename: Xiaogang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D003124:Colorimetry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D039301:Computers, Molecular; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008128:Logic; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D006046:Gold
keywords: Biocatalytic reactions; Changes of pH values; Enzymes; Logic circuitries; Multi-readouts