title: Sun protection during snow sports: an analysis of behavior and psychosocial determinants.
abstract: This study investigated sun protective behavior during snow sports and its psychosocial determinants. A longitudinal study was conducted among 418 Dutch adults who planned to go on a ski holiday. Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire before and after their ski trip. In the baseline questionnaire several psychosocial factors were measured (i.e. knowledge, risk perception, worry, attitude, social influence, self-efficacy and intention). At follow-up, sunscreen use and frequency of sunburns were measured. The results showed that, despite their generally high intention, a substantial part of the respondents (40%) did not use sunscreen adequately during their ski holiday. Furthermore, one-fourth of the respondents reported at least one sunburn during their ski holiday. Men and younger respondents used sunscreen less frequently and were sunburnt more often. Sunscreen use was predicted by a positive attitude, high self-efficacy levels, high intention, high knowledge and high perceived risk. The background and psychosocial variables explained 32% of the total variance of sunscreen use. Suggestions for future research and interventions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands Eva.janssen@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dave
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Kann
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lilian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lechner
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Liesbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van Osch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013177:Sports; D013471:Sunburn / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents