title: Efficiency of ITS sequences for DNA barcoding in Passiflora (Passifloraceae).
abstract: DNA barcoding is a technique for discriminating and identifying species using short, variable, and standardized DNA regions. Here, we tested for the first time the performance of plastid and nuclear regions as DNA barcodes in Passiflora. This genus is a largely variable, with more than 900 species of high ecological, commercial, and ornamental importance. We analyzed 1034 accessions of 222 species representing the four subgenera of Passiflora and evaluated the effectiveness of five plastid regions and three nuclear datasets currently employed as DNA barcodes in plants using barcoding gap, applied similarity-, and tree-based methods. The plastid regions were able to identify less than 45% of species, whereas the nuclear datasets were efficient for more than 50% using "best match" and "best close match" methods of TaxonDNA software. All subgenera presented higher interspecific pairwise distances and did not fully overlap with the intraspecific distance, and similarity-based methods showed better results than tree-based methods. The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region presented a higher discrimination power than the other datasets and also showed other desirable characteristics as a DNA barcode for this genus. Therefore, we suggest that this region should be used as a starting point to identify Passiflora species.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, P.O. Box 15053, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil. gigiudicelli@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Giovanna Câmara
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Giudicelli
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, P.O. Box 15053, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil. geraldo.mader@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mäder
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, P.O. Box 15053, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil. loreta.freitas@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Loreta Brandão
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: de Freitas
mesh_terms: D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000379:methods; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D029598:Passiflora / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D018087:Plastids / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods; D012984:Software; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
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