title: A meta-synthesis of factors influencing nursing home staff decisions to transfer residents to hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a meta-synthesis of qualitative research studies exploring the role of nursing home staff in decisions to transfer residents to hospital.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Nurses and nurse assistants provide the majority of care to residents living in nursing homes and may be the only health workers present when a resident deteriorates. To inform future strategies, it is vital to understand the role of nursing home staff in decisions to transfer to hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review identified 17 studies to be included. The process of meta-synthesis was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative research papers published between January 1989-October 2012 were identified in key databases including Cinahl, Embase, Medline and PsycInfo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nursing home staff members play a key role in decision-making at the time of a resident's deterioration. Multiple factors influence decisions to transfer to hospital including an unclear expectation of the nursing home role; limited staffing capacity; fear of working outside their scope of practice; poor access to multidisciplinary support and difficulties communicating with other decision-makers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a lack of consensus regarding the role of the nursing home when a resident's health deteriorates. Nursing home staff would benefit from a clear prescription of their expected minimum clinical skill set; a staffing capacity that allows for the increased requirements to manage residents on-site, greater consistency in access to outside resources and further confidence and skills to optimize their role in resident advocacy.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.|Australian Centre for Evidence Based Aged Care (ACEBAC), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Bridget
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laging
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Evidence Based Aged Care (ACEBAC), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Rhonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nay
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D000066491:Clinical Decision-Making; D006801:Humans; D009735:Nursing Homes; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000523:psychology*; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations
keywords: decision-making; hospital care; hospitalization; literature review; nurses; nursing homes; patient transfer; qualitative research; systematic review