title: A dual-responsive fluorescence method for the detection of clenbuterol based on BSA-protected gold nanoclusters.
abstract: The illegal feeding of clenbuterol (CLB) to domestic animals and the potential harm of it to human health lead an urgent requirement for the efficient detection of CLB, especially in the edible meat. In this paper we reported a new fluorescence method for the detection of trace amount of CLB by using the BSA-protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs@BSA). Under the excitation of either 280 or 500 nm the emission of AuNCs@BSA was quenched obviously by diazotized CLB, supplying a dual-responsive fluorescence method to detect CLB in aqueous solution. In addition, the linear response of the fluorescence intensity of AuNCs@BSA to diazotized CLB allowed the quantitative detection of CLB in a range of 4.0 nM-300 μM upon excitation at two wavelength, and the limit of detection for CLB was 3.0 nM upon 280 nm excitation and 1.6 nM upon 500 nm excitation, respectively. In addition, the dual-responsive mechanism of AuNCs@BSA to CLB was investigated in detail by using several CLB analogues and reference compounds. Particularly, the proposed method was successfully applied to detect CLB in pork mince and the results were validated well by HPLC, illustrating it could be used as a reliable, rapid, and cost-effective technique for the determination of CLB residues in real samples.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, China.
authors.forename: Xueling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Hongwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, China.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China. Electronic address: yqwu@jlu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002976:Clenbuterol / Q000032:analysis*; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis; D005453:Fluorescence; D006046:Gold; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D006046:Gold; D002976:Clenbuterol
keywords: Detection of clenbuterol; Dual-responsive fluorescence; Gold nanoclusters; Response mechanism