title: Hospital-based surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia in South Bangalore, India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia, distribution of pneumococcal serotypes, and antibiotic susceptibility in children aged 28 days to <60 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital-based surveillance.
  
  
  METHODS
  South Bangalore, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  9950 children aged 28 days to <60 months with clinical suspicion of invasive pneumococcal disease or pneumonia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimated at-risk population included 224,966 children <5 years of age. Forty cases of invasive pneumococcal disease were identified. Estimated invasive pneumococcal disease incidence was 17.8/100,000 with incidence being highest among children aged 6 months to <12 months (49.9/100,000). Clinical pneumonia syndrome was the most frequent diagnosis (12.5/100,000). Pneumococcal serotypes included: 6A (n=6, 16.7%); 14 (n=5, 13.9%); 5 (n=4, 11.1%); 6B (n=4, 11.1%); 1, 18C, and 19A (n=3 each, 8.3%); 9V (n=2, 5.6%); and 3, 4, 10C, 18A, 18F, and 19F (n=1 each, 2.8%). Serotypes 6A, 14, 6B, 1, 18C, 19A, 9V, 4, 10C, and 18A showed antibiotic resistance. Clinical pneumonia incidence was 2109/100,000, with incidence being highest among children aged 28 days to <6 months (5033/100,000). Chest radiograph-confirmed pneumonia incidence was 1114/100,000, with incidence being highest among children aged 28 days to <6 months (2413/100,000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia were found to be common causes of morbidity in young children living in South Bangalore, India.
authors.affiliation: Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences; Vani Vilas Hospital, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute; Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, India; International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Korea; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA;Pfizer Inc, Paris, France; and Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, PA, USA. Correspondence to: Dr Ramalingowda Nisarga, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences,. 121-13, T. Mariyappa Road, 1st Block, Jayanagara, Bangalore 560011, India. rnisarga@gmail.com.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nisarga
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Premalatha
authors.lastname: Shivananda
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ravikumar
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Shivappa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gopi
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Chikkadasarahalli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Batuwanthudawe
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Kilgore
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Balter
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jouve
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moscariello
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents