title: The impact of host diet on Wolbachia titer in Drosophila.
abstract: While a number of studies have identified host factors that influence endosymbiont titer, little is known concerning environmental influences on titer. Here we examined nutrient impact on maternally transmitted Wolbachia endosymbionts in Drosophila. We demonstrate that Drosophila reared on sucrose- and yeast-enriched diets exhibit increased and reduced Wolbachia titers in oogenesis, respectively. The yeast-induced Wolbachia depletion is mediated in large part by the somatic TOR and insulin signaling pathways. Disrupting TORC1 with the small molecule rapamycin dramatically increases oocyte Wolbachia titer, whereas hyper-activating somatic TORC1 suppresses oocyte titer. Furthermore, genetic ablation of insulin-producing cells located in the Drosophila brain abolished the yeast impact on oocyte titer. Exposure to yeast-enriched diets altered Wolbachia nucleoid morphology in oogenesis. Furthermore, dietary yeast increased somatic Wolbachia titer overall, though not in the central nervous system. These findings highlight the interactions between Wolbachia and germline cells as strongly nutrient-sensitive, and implicate conserved host signaling pathways by which nutrients influence Wolbachia titer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Miami, Florida, United States of America; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Laura R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Serbus
authors.affiliation: Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Pamela M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Miami, Florida, United States of America; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jessica Pintado
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rabe
authors.affiliation: Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Albion College, Albion, Michigan, United States of America.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Albertson
authors.affiliation: Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D005260:Female; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020577:Wolbachia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C570998:TORC1 protein complex, Drosophila; D014157:Transcription Factors; D020123:Sirolimus
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