title: The effect of clary sage oil on staphylococci responsible for wound infections.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The spreading of bacterial antibiotic resistance among clinical strains of pathogenic bacteria has made investigators to search for other active antibacterial agents which could provide a valuable complement to the existing therapies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the antibacterial activity of clary sage oil (Salvia sclarea L.) against Staphylococcus clinical strains which were isolated from patients with wound infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive evaluation of Staphylococcus clinical strain resistance to antibiotics was performed. The constituents of clary sage oil were assayed by GC-FID-MS analysis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the tested essential oil against staphylococci by the micro-dilution broth method was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clary sage oil was active against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and S. xylosus with MIC values ranging from 3.75 to 7.00 µl/ml.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the in vitro tests encourage to use formulations containing sage oil as the active natural antimicrobial agent. Because of its antimicrobial properties clary sage oil may be applied to treat wounds and skin infections.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biology Department, Basic Sciences Institute, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. Head of Department: Anna Głowacka Prof. MUL.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sienkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biology Department, Basic Sciences Institute, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. Head of Department: Anna Głowacka Prof. MUL.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Głowacka
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Pediatric Dermatology and Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Andrzej Kaszuba MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Poznańska-Kurowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Pediatric Dermatology and Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Andrzej Kaszuba MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaszuba
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. Head of Department: Edward Kowalczyk Prof. MUL.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urbaniak
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. Head of Department: Edward Kowalczyk Prof. MUL.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
keywords: Staphylococcus; clary sage oil; minimal inhibitory concentration; wounds
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