title: Breakdown of Bose-Einstein distribution in photonic crystals.
abstract: In the last two decades, considerable advances have been made in the investigation of nano-photonics in photonic crystals. Previous theoretical investigations of photon dynamics were carried out at zero temperature. Here, we investigate micro/nano cavity photonics in photonic crystals at finite temperature. Due to photonic-band-gap-induced localized long-lived photon dynamics, we discover that cavity photons in photonic crystals do not obey Bose-Einstein statistical distribution. Within the photonic band gap and in the vicinity of the band edge, cavity photons combine the long-lived non-Markovain dynamics with thermal fluctuations together to form photon states that memorize the initial cavity state information. As a result, Bose-Einstein distribution is completely broken down in these regimes, even if the thermal energy is larger or much larger than the cavity detuning energy. In this investigation, a crossover phenomenon from equilibrium to nonequilibrium steady states is also revealed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Information Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ping-Yuan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Information Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Heng-Na
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Information Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei-Min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Zhang
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