title: Telomere dysfunction causes alveolar stem cell failure.
abstract: Telomere syndromes have their most common manifestation in lung disease that is recognized as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. In both conditions, there is loss of alveolar integrity, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. We tested the capacity of alveolar epithelial and stromal cells from mice with short telomeres to support alveolar organoid colony formation and found that type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s), the stem cell-containing population, were limiting. When telomere dysfunction was induced in adult AEC2s by conditional deletion of the shelterin component telomeric repeat-binding factor 2, cells survived but remained dormant and showed all the hallmarks of cellular senescence. Telomere dysfunction in AEC2s triggered an immune response, and this was associated with AEC2-derived up-regulation of cytokine signaling pathways that are known to provoke inflammation in the lung. Mice uniformly died after challenge with bleomycin, underscoring an essential role for telomere function in AEC2s for alveolar repair. Our data show that alveoloar progenitor senescence is sufficient to recapitulate the regenerative defects, inflammatory responses, and susceptibility to injury that are characteristic of telomere-mediated lung disease. They suggest alveolar stem cell failure is a driver of telomere-mediated lung disease and that efforts to reverse it may be clinically beneficial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, and.
authors.forename: Jonathan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Alder
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and.
authors.forename: Christina E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Barkauskas
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205; and.
authors.forename: Nathachit
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Limjunyawong
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, and.
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, and.
authors.forename: Frant
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kembou
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045.
authors.forename: Rubin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tuder
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710; marmani1@jhmi.edu brigid.hogan@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Brigid L M
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205; and.
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mitzner
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; marmani1@jhmi.edu brigid.hogan@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Armanios
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D007109:Immunity; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D037721:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000473:pathology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology; D016615:Telomere / Q000473:pathology*; D059506:Telomere Shortening; D035341:Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D037721:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C; C489680:Sftpc protein, mouse; C534796:TRF2 protein, mouse; D035341:Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
keywords: emphysema; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; senescence; telomerase
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