title: Targeted removal of trichlorophenol in water by oleic acid-coated nanoscale palladium/zero-valent iron alginate beads.
abstract: A new material was developed and evaluated for the targeted removal of trichlorophenol (TCP) from among potential interferents which are known to degrade removal activity. To achieve TCP-targeted activity, an alginate bead containing nanoscale palladium/zero-valent iron (Pd/nZVI) was coated with a highly hydrophobic oleic acid layer. The new material (Pd/nZVI-A-O) preferentially sorbed TCP from a mixture of chlorinated phenols into the oleic acid cover layer and subsequently dechlorinated it to phenol. The removal efficacy of TCP by Pd/nZVI-A-O was not affected by co-existing organic substances such as Suwannee River humic acid (SRHA), whereas the material without the oleic acid layer (Pd/nZVI-A) became less effective with increasing SRHA concentration. The inorganic substances nitrate and phosphate significantly reduced the reactivity of Pd/nZVI-A, however, Pd/nZVI-A-O showed similar TCP removal efficacies regardless of the initial inorganic ion concentrations. The influence of bicarbonate on the TCP removal efficacies of both Pd/nZVI-A and Pd/nZVI-A-O was not significant. The findings from this study suggest that Pd/nZVI-A-O, with its targeted, constant reactivity for TCP, would be effective for treating this contaminant in surface water or groundwater containing various competitive substrates.
authors.affiliation: Center for Water Resource Cycle, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea; Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Green School, Korea University - Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jaewon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Heesoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Center for Water Resource Cycle, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Myoung-Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jaesang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center for Water Resource Cycle, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea; Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Green School, Korea University - Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seockheon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Green School, Korea University - Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-701, South Korea; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Taek
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Center for Water Resource Cycle, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea; Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Green School, Korea University - Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-701, South Korea. Electronic address: seunglee@kist.re.kr.
authors.forename: Seunghak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D002733:Chlorophenols; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D019301:Oleic Acid; D010165:Palladium; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D007501:Iron; C024564:2,4,6-trichlorophenol
keywords: Alginate bead; Nanoscale palladium/zero-valent iron; Targeted removal; Trichlorophenol