title: Effect of methacrylated-based antibacterial monomer on orthodontic adhesive system properties.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antibacterial adhesives were developed to reduce the incidence of white spot lesions in orthodontic patients. Compounds that contain triazine are known as effective antibacterial agents. The aims of this study were to develop an experimental orthodontic adhesive containing 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (TAT) and to characterize it.
  
  
  METHODS
  TAT was added in 3 concentrations (10%, 15%, and 20%) to the experimental orthodontic adhesive. Antibacterial activity was assayed by brain-heart infusion broth dilution against Streptococcus mutans. The degree of conversion was measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and solvent degradation was evaluated by Knoop microhardness before and after immersion in ethanol for 2 hours. The shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded to bovine enamel surface was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All experimental adhesives reduced bacterial growth. The addition of 15% and 20% TAT increased the degree of conversion compared with the control group (0%) and the 10% group. All groups showed a decrease in hardness after ethanol immersion, and there was also a decrease in the percentage of variation of Knoop hardness in the experimental adhesives containing TAT, whereas the shear bond strength increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orthodontic adhesives containing TAT are promising antibacterial materials, especially those with 15% and 20% TAT.
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Segatto Pires
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Altmann
authors.affiliation: Adjunct professor, Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address: fabricio.collares@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Fabrício Mezzomo
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Collares
authors.affiliation: Adjunct Professor, School of Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabrício Aulo
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Ogliari
authors.affiliation: Professor, Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Susana Maria Werner
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Samuel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006244:Hardness; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; D012997:Solvents; D014227:Triazines; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D000431:Ethanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C049485:1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydrotriazine