title: Pomegranate extract attenuates unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal damage by reducing oxidative stress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ureteral obstruction may cause permanent kidney damage at late period. We know that the pomegranate extract (PE) play a strong role on removal of free oxygen radicals and prevention of oxidative stress. In the current study study, we evaluated the effect of PE on kidney damage after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 32 rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 was a control, Group 2 was a sham, Group 3 was rats with UUO and Group 4 was rats with UUO that were given PE (oral 100 μL/day). After 14 days, rats were killed and their kidneys were taken and blood analysis was performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tubular necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration, and interstitial fibrosis scoring were determined histopathologically in a part of kidneys; nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in the other part of kidneys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Statistical analyses were performed by the Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference significantly for urea-creatinine levels between groups. Pathologically, there was serious tubular necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrosis in Group 3, and there was significantly decreasing for tubular necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrosis in Group 4 (P < 0.005). Furthermore, there was significantly increasing for NO and MDA levels; decreasing for GSH levels in Group 3 compared the other groups (P < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We think that the PE prevents kidney damage by decreasing oxidative stress in kidney.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otunctemur
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozbek
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Bayburt State Hospital, Bayburt, Turkey.
authors.forename: Suleyman Sami
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Cakir
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emre Can
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Bahcelievler State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dursun
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cekmen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Somay
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nurver
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozbay
keywords: nitric oxide; pomegranate extract; reactive oxygen species; renal damage; ureter obstruction
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