title: Glatiramer acetate-induced lobular panniculitis and skin necrosis.
abstract: Glatiramer acetate (GA) is a drug that commonly is used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Although it typically is known as a safe and effective therapy, a number of adverse effects associated with GA have been reported in the literature. Local injection-site reactions (LISRs) and mild systemic symptoms are among the most commonly described adverse effects. A review of the literature revealed limited reports of panniculitis as an adverse effect of GA injection and even fewer describing associated skin necrosis. We report a case of GA-induced panniculitis and skin necrosis and discuss the occurrence of panniculitis, necrosis, and lipoatrophy following GA injections.
authors.affiliation: Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, PO Box 70580, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA. watkince@goldmail.etsu.edu.
authors.forename: Casey E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Litchfield
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Youngberg
authors.forename: Stuart S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Leicht
authors.forename: Guha
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krishnaswamy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000188:drug therapy; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D015434:Panniculitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate