title: Induction of tissue- and stressor-specific kinomic responses in chickens exposed to hot and cold stresses.
abstract: Defining cellular responses at the level of global cellular kinase (kinome) activity is a powerful approach to deciphering complex biology and identifying biomarkers. Here we report on the development of a chicken-specific peptide array and its application to characterizing kinome responses within the breast (pectoralis major) and thigh (iliotibialis) muscles of poultry subject to temperature stress to mimic conditions experienced by birds during commercial transport. Breast and thigh muscles exhibited unique kinome profiles, highlighting the distinct nature of these tissues. Against these distinct backgrounds, tissue- and temperature-specific kinome responses were observed. In breast, both cold and hot stresses activated calcium-dependent metabolic adaptations. Also within breast, but specific to cold stress, was the activation of ErbB signaling as well as dynamic patterns of phosphorylation of AMPK, a key regulatory enzyme of metabolism. In thigh, cold stress induced responses suggestive of the occurrence of tissue damage, including activation of innate immune signaling pathways and tissue repair pathways (TGF-β). In contrast, heat stress in thigh activated pathways associated with protein and fat metabolism through adipocytokine and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Defining the responses of these tissues to these stresses through conventional markers of pH, glycolytic potential, and meat quality offered a similar conclusion of the tissue- and stressor-specific responses, validating the kinome results. Collectively, the results of this study highlight the unique cellular responses of breast and thigh tissues to heat and cold stresses and may offer insight into the unique susceptibilities, as well as functional consequences, of these tissues to thermal stress.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada scott.napper@usask.ca.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Napper
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Bioproduct Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dadgar
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, SPARC, College Station, TX 77845 USA.
authors.forename: Ryan J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Arsenault
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trost
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scruten
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kusalik
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Bioproduct Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada.
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shand
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D058639:Cold-Shock Response; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D010770:Phosphotransferases
keywords: chickens; kinome; peptide array; thermal stress