title: Comparison of inguinal hernia repairs performed with lichtenstein, rutkow-robbins, and gilbert double layer graft methods.
abstract: Tension-free repairs are performed commonly in inguinal hernia operations. The objective of the present study is to compare the outcomes of three different tension-free repair methods known as Lichtenstein, Rutkow-Robbins, and Gilbert double layer. One-hundred and fifty patients diagnosed with inguinal hernia were randomly split into three groups. The comparisons across groups were carried out in terms of operation length, postoperative pain, femoral vein flow velocity, early and late complications, recurrence rates, length of hospital stay, time required to return to work, and cost analysis. No difference was found between the groups regarding age, gender, type and classification of hernia, postoperative pain, and late complications (p > 0.05). Operation length was 53.70 ± 12.32 min in the Lichtenstein group, 44.29 ± 12.37 min in the Rutkow-Robbins group, and 45.21 ± 14.36 min in the Gilbert group (p < 0.05). Mean preoperative and postoperative femoral vein flow velocity values were 13.88 ± 2.237 and 13.42 ± 2.239 cm/s for Lichtenstein group, 12.64 ± 2.98 and 12.16 ± 2.736 cm/s for Rutkow-Robbins group, and 16.02 ± 3.19 and 15.52 ± 3.358 cm/s for the Gilbert group, respectively. Statistical difference was found between all the groups (p < 0.001). However, no difference was determined between the groups regarding the decrease rates (p = 0.977). Among early complications, hematoma was observed in one (2 %) patient of Lichtenstein group, five (10 %) patients of Rutkow-Robbins group, and three (6 %) patients of Gilbert group (p = 0.033). Cost analysis produced the following results for Lichtenstein, Rutkow-Robbins, and Gilbert groups: US $157.94 ± 50.05, $481.57 ± 11.32, and $501.51 ± 73.59, respectively (p < 0.001). Lichtenstein operation was found to be more advantageous compared with the other techniques in terms of cost analysis as well as having unaffected femoral blood flow. Therefore, we believe that Lichtenstein repair is still the most appropriate surgical option in patients diagnosed with inguinal hernia.
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Surgery, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: A Serdar
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Karaca
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Surgery, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Omer Faik
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Ersoy
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Surgery, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Namik
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Surgery, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Yerdel
keywords: Cost; Femoral flow; Gilbert double layer; Inguinal hernia; Lichtenstein; Rutkow–Robbins
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