title: Future directions and targeted therapies in bladder cancer.
abstract: There are substantial unmet needs for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). First-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens yield a median survival of 12 to 15 months and long-term survival in 5% to 15%. Salvage systemic therapy yields a median survival of 6 to 8 months. Hence, the discovery of novel therapeutic targets is of paramount importance. Recent molecular analyses have provided insights regarding molecular tumor tissue alterations on multiple platforms. A multidisciplinary effort using innovative clinical trial designs and exploiting preclinical signals of robust activity guided by predictive biomarkers may provide much needed clinical advances in therapy for advanced UC.
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1720 2nd Ave. S., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Guru
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sonpavde
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1720 2nd Ave. S., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Bladder Cancer Institute, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, 450, Brookline Ave, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Joaquim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellmunt
authors.affiliation: Bladder Cancer Institute, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, 450, Brookline Ave, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Toni K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Choueiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Padiglioni Flajani, 1st Floor, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, Rome 00152, Italy. Electronic address: cstern@mclink.it.
authors.forename: Cora N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Sternberg
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Biologic agents; Systemic therapy; Therapeutic targets; Urothelial carcinoma