title: Acinetobacter baumannii infections in a South African paediatric intensive care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe and compare characteristics and outcomes of patients colonized or infected with Acinetobacter baumannii (cases) to a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case-controlled study of patients admitted to a South African paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between January and December 2010.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated in 194 patients. Mortality was similar between cases (9.3%) and controls (9.8%). Median duration of PICU stay and mechanical ventilation in cases vs. controls was 10 vs. 2 (p < 0.0001) and 9 vs. 1 days (p < 0.0001), respectively. Admission diagnosis of traumatic brain injury [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 5.6, 95% CI: 1.2-27.0; p = 0.03] and duration of mechanical ventilation (adjusted OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.3-1.5; p < 0.0001) were independently associated with A. baumannii aquisition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acinetobacter baumannii acquisition was common and associated with increased morbidity, but not increased mortality.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
authors.forename: Deveshni
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa brenda.morrow@uct.ac.za.
authors.forename: Brenda M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Argent
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007902:Length of Stay; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; infection control; infectious disease; intensive care; nosocomial infection; paediatric; ventilator-associated pneumonia