title: Apigenin restricts FMDV infection and inhibits viral IRES driven translational activity.
abstract: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild ruminants that is caused by FMD virus (FMDV). FMD outbreaks have occurred in livestock-containing regions worldwide. Apigenin, which is a flavonoid naturally existing in plant, possesses various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and antiviral activities. Results show that apigenin can inhibit FMDV-mediated cytopathogenic effect and FMDV replication in vitro. Further studies demonstrate the following: (i) apigenin inhibits FMDV infection at the viral post-entry stage; (ii) apigenin does not exhibit direct extracellular virucidal activity; and (iii) apigenin interferes with the translational activity of FMDV driven by internal ribosome entry site. Studies on applying apigein in vivo are required for drug development and further identification of potential drug targets against FDMV infection.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. shqianhzau@163.com.
authors.forename: Suhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. iwenfan@163.com.
authors.forename: Wenchun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. qianp@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. sd4190130@126.com.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. abc911424@126.com.
authors.forename: Yurong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. chenhch@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Huanchun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. lixiangmin@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiangmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D047310:Apigenin / Q000378:metabolism*; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D000067556:Internal Ribosome Entry Sites / Q000187:drug effects*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000067556:Internal Ribosome Entry Sites; D047310:Apigenin
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