title: Differential Effects of Prevention and Reversal Treatment with Lisinopril on Left Ventricular Remodelling in a Rat Model of Heart Failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as lisinopril, represent the front line pharmacological treatment for heart failure, which is characterised by marked left ventricular (LV) dilatation and hypertrophy. This study sought to determine whether initiating treatment with ACE inhibitors at different stages in the remodelling process would alter the efficacy of treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  To this end, LV size and function were determined in the aortocaval (AV) fistula model of volume overload-induced heart failure. Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to sham, untreated AV fistula (21 weeks), AV fistula treated with lisinopril (21 weeks), or AV fistula treated with lisinopril from six to 21 weeks post-fistula groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of lisinopril for the entire 21-week period prevented LV dilatation, attenuated myocardial hypertrophy and prevented changes in myocardial compliance and contractility, whereas delaying initiation of treatment until six weeks post-fistula attenuated LV dilatation and hypertrophy, however, the delayed onset of treatment had no beneficial effect on ventricular compliance or systolic function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate differential effects that can occur with ACE inhibitors depending on the stage during the remodelling process at which treatment is administered.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Brower
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Scott P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Levick
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. Electronic address: Joseph.Janicki@uscmed.sc.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Janicki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D017706:Lisinopril / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D017706:Lisinopril
keywords: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; Heart failure; Hypertrophy; Volume overload
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