title: Transcriptome analysis and gene expression profiling of abortive and developing ovules during fruit development in hazelnut.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A high ratio of blank fruit in hazelnut (Corylus heterophylla Fisch) is a very common phenomenon that causes serious yield losses in northeast China. The development of blank fruit in the Corylus genus is known to be associated with embryo abortion. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for embryo abortion during the nut development stage. Genomic information for C. heterophylla Fisch is not available; therefore, data related to transcriptome and gene expression profiling of developing and abortive ovules are needed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, de novo transcriptome sequencing and RNA-seq analysis were conducted using short-read sequencing technology (Illumina HiSeq 2000). The results of the transcriptome assembly analysis revealed genetic information that was associated with the fruit development stage. Two digital gene expression libraries were constructed, one for a full (normally developing) ovule and one for an empty (abortive) ovule. Transcriptome sequencing and assembly results revealed 55,353 unigenes, including 18,751 clusters and 36,602 singletons. These results were annotated using the public databases NR, NT, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, COG, and GO. Using digital gene expression profiling, gene expression differences in developing and abortive ovules were identified. A total of 1,637 and 715 unigenes were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in abortive ovules, compared with developing ovules. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was used in order to verify the differential expression of some genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transcriptome and digital gene expression profiling data of normally developing and abortive ovules in hazelnut provide exhaustive information that will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of abortive ovule formation in hazelnut.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin Province 136000, China.
authors.forename: Yunqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin Province 136000, China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin Province 136000, China.
authors.forename: Huidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin Province 136000, China.
authors.forename: Ju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin Province 136000, China.
authors.forename: Yixin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin Province 136000, China.
authors.forename: Wanting
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Geng
mesh_terms: D031211:Corylus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005638:Fruit / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D015723:Gene Library; D018745:Genome, Plant; D056771:Ovule / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018749:RNA, Plant
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