title: Efficacy of needle-free injection on antibody production against Clostridium chauvoei in beef calves under field conditions.
abstract: This study compared needle-free and needle-based injection devices for vaccination of calves against Clostridium chauvoei in warm and cold conditions. Both devices elicited comparable antibody responses in calves. Needle-free injection devices can be used to vaccinate calves provided appropriate precautions are taken in cold weather.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Lecompte
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Undi
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Tomy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yitbarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wittenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Crow
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science (Rey, Undi, Yitbarek, Wittenberg, Crow, Ominski), Department of Biosystems Engineering (Morrison) & Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (Joseph), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3 (Joseph); Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 500 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 (Rodriguez-Lecompte); Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Burlington, Ontario L7L 5H4 (Tremblay).
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ominski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D046975:Clostridium chauvoei / Q000276:immunology*; D009339:Needles / Q000662:veterinary*; D013696:Temperature; D014611:Vaccination / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines
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