title: Glioblastoma treatment patterns, survival, and healthcare resource use in real-world clinical practice in the USA.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glioblastoma (GB) treatment remains challenging because of recurrence and poorly defined treatment options after first-line therapy. To better understand real-world application of treatment paradigms and their impact on outcomes, we describe patterns of treatment, outcomes, and use of cancer-related healthcare resource for glioblastoma in the USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, online chart-abstraction study was conducted; each participating oncologist contributed ≤5 charts. Patients were ≥18 years with biopsy-confirmed primary or secondary newly diagnosed GB on or after 1 January 2010, had received first- and second-line therapies, and had information collected for ≥3 months after initiation of second-line therapy or until death. Assessments were descriptive and included Kaplan- Meier analyses from initiation to end of second-line therapy, disease progression, or death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred sixty physicians contributed information on 503 patient charts. During first-line therapy, patients most commonly underwent temozolomide monotherapy (76.5%). During second-line therapy, patients most commonly underwent bevacizumab monotherapy (58.1%). Median duration of second-line therapy was 130 days; median time to disease progression was 113 days. Median survival was 153 days. Use of supportive care was observed to be numerically higher in first- compared with second-line therapy except for anti-depressants, growth factors, and stimulants. Frequently used resources included corticosteroids (78.8% of patients in first-line and 62.6% in second-line therapies), anti-epileptics (45.8% and 41.5%) and narcotic opioids (45.3% and 41.4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most GB patients received temozolomide during first-line therapy and bevacizumab monotherapy or combination therapy during second-line therapy. Use of supportive care appeared to be higher in first- compared with second-line therapy for some agents.
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, 893 S. Delaware Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Allicia C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Girvan
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, 893 S. Delaware Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Gebra C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, 893 S. Delaware Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., 10 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaltenboeck
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., 10 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Jasmina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ivanova
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., 10 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., 10 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Jessi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., 10 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Eleanor
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hayes-Larson
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, 893 S. Delaware Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lahn
keywords: bevacizumab; cancer; first-line therapy; glioblastoma; observational; second-line therapy; temozolomide; treatment patterns
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