title: Old foes, new understandings: nuclear entry of small non-enveloped DNA viruses.
abstract: The nuclear import of viral genomes is an important step of the infectious cycle for viruses that replicate in the nucleus of their host cells. Although most viruses use the cellular nuclear import machinery or some components of this machinery, others have developed sophisticated ways to reach the nucleus. Some of these have been known for some time; however, recent studies have changed our understanding of how some non-enveloped DNA viruses access the nucleus. For example, parvoviruses enter the nucleus through small disruptions of the nuclear membranes and nuclear lamina, and adenovirus tugs at the nuclear pore complex, using kinesin-1, to disassemble their capsids and deliver viral proteins and genomes into the nucleus. Here we review recent findings of the nuclear import strategies of three small non-enveloped DNA viruses, including adenovirus, parvovirus, and the polyomavirus simian virus 40.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Nikta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fay
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada. Electronic address: pante@zoology.ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Nelly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Panté
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D022022:Nuclear Pore / Q000821:virology*; D017992:Parvovirus / Q000502:physiology; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000502:physiology; D053586:Virus Internalization; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral