title: Fabrication and characterization of injectable hydrogels derived from decellularized skeletal and cardiac muscle.
abstract: Biomaterials, which can contain appropriate biomechanical and/or biochemical cues, are increasingly being investigated as potential scaffolds for tissue regeneration and/or repair for treating myocardial infarction, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease. Specifically, injectable hydrogels are touted for their minimally invasive delivery, ability to self-assemble in situ, and capacity to encourage host tissue regeneration. Here we present detailed methods for fabricating and characterizing decellularized injectable cardiac and skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels. The ECM derived hydrogels have low cellular and DNA content, retain sulfated glycosaminoglycans and other extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen, gel at physiologic temperature and pH, and assume a nanofibrous architecture. These injectable hydrogels are amenable to minimally invasive, tissue specific biomaterial therapies for treating myocardial infarction and peripheral artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ungerleider
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: christman@eng.ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Christman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002469:Cell Separation; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D007267:Injections; D008422:Materials Testing; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000628:therapy; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000628:therapy; D034421:Sus scrofa; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D020100:Hydrogels
keywords: Decellularization; Extracellular matrix; Hydrogel; Myocardial infarction; Peripheral artery disease
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