title: Elimination of drugs of abuse and their toxicity from natural waters by photo-Fenton treatment.
abstract: This paper investigates the elimination of drugs of abuse from six different chemical classes and their metabolites in natural fluvial waters (nearby the output of a sewage system). Mineralization of these substances and toxicological characterization before and after treatment by a heterogeneous photo-Fenton system has been evaluated. This advanced oxidation technology was able to significantly reduce the concentration of the drugs of abuse in all the tested conditions (different hydrogen peroxide and catalyst loadings). However, toxicological analyses measured as inhibition of fern spore mitochondrial activity, showed only a complete elimination of acute and chronic toxicity when a higher solid catalyst loading was used (0.6 g/L). A lower catalyst loading of 0.2 g/L was not enough for toxicity elimination. These results evidence the need for combining toxicological tests and chemical analyses in order to establish the effectiveness of the water treatment technologies based on advanced oxidation processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/ Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catalá
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/ Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Morueco
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/ Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Migens
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/ Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/ Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Research Group in Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology (ToxAmb), Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychology, Preventive Medicine, Public Health, Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avda. Atenas, s/n, E-28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Valcárcel
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mastroianni
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López de Alda
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barceló
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/ Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: yolanda.segura@urjc.es.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Segura
mesh_terms: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron
keywords: Bioassay; Drinking water; Illicit substances; Pharmaceuticals; Photo-Fenton; Surface water