title: Purification, characterization and neuroprotective effects of a polysaccharide from Gynostemma pentaphyllum.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of GPP1, a purified polysaccharide from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, on Aβ (25-35)-induced neuronal toxicity and explore its potential mechanisms in PC12 cells. The results showed pretreatment with GPP1 prior to Aβ (25-35) exposure significantly protected PC12 cells from Aβ (25-35)-induced cell death, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, DNA damage, intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) influx, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyt-C) release. In addition, pretreatment with GPP1 also protected PC12 cells against Aβ (25-35)-induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation product MDA, the reduction in glutathione (GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the increased Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratio and caspase-3 activation. Our findings suggest that GPP1 exerts a neuroprotective effect against Aβ (25-35)-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, at least in part, via inhibiting oxidative stress and suppressing the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China.
authors.forename: Chunguang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo 726000, China.
authors.forename: Shengxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China. Electronic address: jinlilei_apl@126.com.
authors.forename: Jinli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D029774:Gynostemma / Q000737:chemistry*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000633:toxicity; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011134:Polysaccharides; C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35); D045304:Cytochromes c; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Antioxidant; Apoptosis; Gynostemma pentaphyllum; Isolation; Polysaccahride