title: The utility of three screening questionnaires for obstructive sleep apnea in a sleep clinic setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of three screening questionnaires in identifying Korean patients at high risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a sleep clinic setting in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from 592 adult patients with suspected OSA who visited a sleep center. All patients completed the Sleep Apnea of Sleep Disorder Questionnaire (SA-SDQ), the Berlin questionnaire, and the STOP-Bang questionnaire. Estimated OSA risk was compared to a diagnosis of OSA. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for each questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of OSA was 83.6% using an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5/h and 58.4% for an AHI ≥15/h. The STOP-Bang questionnaire had a high sensitivity (97% for AHI ≥5/h, 98% for AHI ≥15/h), but the specificity was low (19% and 11%, respectively). In contrast, the sensitivity of the SA-SDQ was not high enough (68% for AHI ≥5/h, 74% for AHI ≥15/h) to be useful in a clinical setting, whereas the specificity was relatively good (66% and 61%, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity values of the Berlin questionnaire fell between those of the STOP-Bang questionnaire and the SA-SDQ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The STOP-Bang questionnaire may be useful for screening OSA in a sleep clinic setting, but its specificity is lower than the acceptable level for this purpose. A new screening questionnaire with a high sensitivity and acceptable specificity is therefore needed in a sleep clinic setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Bomi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Mi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo-Sam
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Sung
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. salee@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Sang-Ahm
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea; screening questionnaires; sleep disorders
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