title: Depression and anxiety in men with sexual dysfunction: a retrospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Comorbid anxiety disorders and depression are commonly seen in men with sexual disorders such as erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE). However, they are often undiagnosed and untreated, and their relationship to sexual dysfunction is complex. This study examines the frequency and correlates of comorbid anxiety and depression in men with ED or PE.
  
  
  METHODS
  The case records of 64 men with ED or PE attending a clinic for psychosexual disorders in a general hospital psychiatry unit during the period 2010-14 were reviewed. Information on comorbid anxiety disorders and depression was extracted from these records, and their clinical and demographic associations were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight (12.5%) men had comorbid depressive disorders, and fifteen (23.4%) had anxiety disorders. These disorders predated the onset of sexual dysfunction in the majority of patients. Generalized anxiety disorder was the commonest anxiety disorder. Men with comorbid depression had significantly elevated rates of suicidal ideation or behavior related to their sexual dysfunction, and were more likely to report a lack of libido. Men with pre-existing anxiety disorders were more likely to experience performance anxiety related to sex, and to have PE without comorbid ED.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depression and anxiety affect a substantial minority of men with sexual dysfunction. Men presenting for the evaluation of ED and PE should be carefully screened for these disorders. The links between anxiety disorders and sexual performance anxiety merit further investigation in this patient group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India. Electronic address: ravi.psych@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ravi Philip
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Rajkumar
authors.affiliation: Lakeshore Hospital, Ernakulam, Kerala, India. Electronic address: drarunkumark@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Arun Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kumaran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007989:Libido; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061686:Premature Ejaculation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D057566:Self Report; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*