title: Reverse logistics network for municipal solid waste management: The inclusion of waste pickers as a Brazilian legal requirement.
abstract: This study proposes a reverse logistics network involved in the management of municipal solid waste (MSW) to solve the challenge of economically managing these wastes considering the recent legal requirements of the Brazilian Waste Management Policy. The feasibility of the allocation of MSW material recovery facilities (MRF) as intermediate points between the generators of these wastes and the options for reuse and disposal was evaluated, as well as the participation of associations and cooperatives of waste pickers. This network was mathematically modelled and validated through a scenario analysis of the municipality of São Mateus, which makes the location model more complete and applicable in practice. The mathematical model allows the determination of the number of facilities required for the reverse logistics network, their location, capacities, and product flows between these facilities. The fixed costs of installation and operation of the proposed MRF were balanced with the reduction of transport costs, allowing the inclusion of waste pickers to the reverse logistics network. The main contribution of this study lies in the proposition of a reverse logistics network for MSW simultaneously involving legal, environmental, economic and social criteria, which is a very complex goal. This study can guide practices in other countries that have realities similar to those in Brazil of accelerated urbanisation without adequate planning for solid waste management, added to the strong presence of waste pickers that, through the characteristic of social vulnerability, must be included in the system. In addition to the theoretical contribution to the reverse logistics network problem, this study aids in decision-making for public managers who have limited technical and administrative capacities for the management of solid wastes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering and Technology, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Rodovia BR 101 Norte, Km 60, Bairro Litorâneo, São Mateus, ES, 29.932-540, Brazil. Electronic address: giovane.ferri@aluno.ufes.br.
authors.forename: Giovane Lopes
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering and Technology, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Rodovia BR 101 Norte, Km 60, Bairro Litorâneo, São Mateus, ES, 29.932-540, Brazil. Electronic address: gisele.chaves@ufes.br.
authors.forename: Gisele de Lorena Diniz
authors.initials: Gde L
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Transportation Engineering Programme, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco H, Sala 106, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900, Brazil. Electronic address: glaydston@pet.coppe.ufrj.br.
authors.forename: Glaydston Mattos
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001938:Brazil; D002947:Cities; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003657:Decision Making; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D018803:Models, Economic; D016730:Program Development; D059027:Recycling; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D012499:Sanitation; D062611:Solid Waste; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods; D000078329:Workforce
chemical_list: D062611:Solid Waste
keywords: Municipal solid waste; Reverse logistics network; Solid waste legislation; Waste pickers