title: Solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for the highly sensitive determination of five iodinated X-ray contrast media in environmental water samples.
abstract: A highly sensitive method based on solid-phase extraction and ultra high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry has been developed for simultaneous determination of five iodinated X-ray contrast media in environmental water samples. Various solid-phase extraction cartridges have been evaluated and a combination of LiChrolute EN and ENVI-Carb solid phase extraction cartridges was selected for sample enrichment. The method was comprehensively validated on ground water, tap water, surface water, drinking water, and waste water by the conventional procedures: linearity, method detection limits, accuracy and precision, matrix effects. Good linearity (R(2) > 0.999), low detection limits (0.4-8.1 ng/L), satisfactory recoveries (55.1-109.5%) and precision (0.8-10.0% for intra-day precisions and 0.6-16.5% for inter-day precisions) were obtained for all the target compounds. Iopamidol, iohexol, and diatrizoate in some matrices were affected by matrix effects, which were slightly eased by using the isotope-labeled internal standard. The developed method was successfully applied for real samples collected in Shanghai, China, with detected concentrations up to 2200 ± 200 and 9000 ± 1000 ng/L for iohexol and iopamidol, respectively.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Junjian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Daqiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xialin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000032:analysis*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057230:Limit of Detection; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Iodinated contrast media; Solid-phase extraction; Tandem mass spectrometry; Ultra high performance liquid chromatography; Water analysis