title: The structure of infant formulas impacts their lipolysis, proteolysis and disintegration during in vitro gastric digestion.
abstract: Milk lipids supply most of the calories necessary for newborn growth in maternal milk or infant formulas. The chemical composition of infant formulas has been optimized but not the structure of the emulsion. There is still a major difference between the native emulsions of milk fat globules and processed submicronic emulsions in infant formulas. This difference may modify the kinetics of digestion of emulsions in newborns and influence lipid metabolism. To check this, semi-dynamic gastric in vitro digestions were conducted on three matrices: a standardized milk emulsion containing native milk fat globules referred to as minimally-processed emulsion and two processed model infant formulas (homogenized or homogenized/pasteurized). Gastric conditions mimicked those reported in newborns. The minimally-processed emulsion was lipolyzed and proteolyzed slower than processed formulas. The difference in initial structure persisted during digestion. The surface of the droplets was the key parameter to control gastric lipolysis kinetics, the pattern of released fatty acids and proteolysis by faster hydrolysis of adsorbed proteins.
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France. Electronic address: claire.bourlieu@rennes.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bourlieu
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ménard
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Alix
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De La Chevasnerie
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7282 EIPL, France; GERME S.A., France.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sams
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Noëlle
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Madec
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deglaire
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pezennec
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Saïd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bouhallab
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7282 EIPL, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carrière
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1253 STLO, France; Agrocampus Ouest, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dupont
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004063:Digestion; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008066:Lipolysis; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D059748:Proteolysis
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Emulsion structure; Gastric digestion; Gastric disintegration; Gastric lipase; Infant formula; Lipolysis; Proteolysis