title: Caffeic acid improves cell viability and protects against DNA damage: involvement of reactive oxygen species and extracellular signal-regulated kinase.
abstract: Hormesis is an adaptive response to a variety of oxidative stresses that renders cells resistant to harmful doses of stressing agents. Caffeic acid (CaA) is an important antioxidant that has protective effects against DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, whether CaA-induced protection is a hormetic effect remains unknown, as is the molecular mechanism that is involved. We found that a low concentration (10 μM) of CaA increased human liver L-02 cell viability, attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated decreases in cell viability, and decreased the extent of H2O2-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). In L-02 cells exposed to H2O2, CaA treatment reduced ROS levels, which might have played a protective role. CaA also activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signal pathway in a time-dependent manner. Inhibition of ERK by its inhibitor U0126 or by its specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) blocked the CaA-induced improvement in cell viability and the protective effects against H2O2-mediated DNA damage. This study adds to the understanding of the antioxidant effects of CaA by identifying a novel molecular mechanism of enhanced cell viability and protection against DNA damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: X X
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; C040048:caffeic acid
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