title: Imaging cilia in Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful genetic model organism to understand the function of proteins in specific cellular processes. Cilia have been extensively studied in Drosophila playing various sensory functions that are essential for fly survival. Indeed, flies defective in cilia formation cannot walk, fly, or feed properly. Drosophila harbors different types of cilia that can be motile or immotile or that can show compartimentalized (intraflagellar transport (IFT)-dependent) or cytoplasmic (IFT-independent) mode of assembly. Therefore, Drosophila represents an advantageous model organism to study the function of novel ciliary candidates and to address specific questions such as their requirement for IFT-dependent processes versus other aspects of cilia-associated functions. This chapter describes protocols to visualize cilia by direct or indirect fluorescent labeling and protocols to analyze ciliary ultrastructure by electron microscopy.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vieillard
authors.affiliation: Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Duteyrat
authors.affiliation: Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cortier
authors.affiliation: Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Durand
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054468:Axoneme / Q000378:metabolism; D002923:Cilia / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000196:embryology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000379:methods; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct / Q000379:methods; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000379:methods; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000379:methods; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods
keywords: Axoneme; Chordotonal organs; Ciliopathies; Dynein arms; External sensory organs; Hearing; Intraflagellar transport; Mechanosensation; Sensory organs; Transition zone