title: Osteoporosis: screening, prevention, and management.
abstract: Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and abnormal bone architecture. Common fracture sites are vertebrae, proximal femur, and distal forearm. Osteoporosis is underdiagnosed and undertreated. All women 65 and older should be screened. Consider screening younger postmenopausal women with elevated risk. Osteoporosis is diagnosed based on T score or a fragility fracture. Women with osteoporosis or who have a 10-year risk of any major fracture of 20% or hip fracture of 3% should be evaluated for causes of low bone density and treated with an osteoporosis-specific medication, lifestyle interventions, and calcium and vitamin D intake.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA. Electronic address: Anna.Golob@va.gov.
authors.forename: Anna L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Golob
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine Center, UW Medical Centre, University of Washington, 4245 Roosevelt Way Northeast, Box 354765, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Laya
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Fragility fractures; Management; Osteopenia; Osteoporosis; Prevention; Screening