title: Location of Mental Foramen in a Selected Iranian Population: A CBCT Assessment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mental foramen (MF) is an important anatomic landmark in dentistry and knowledge about its variable locations (L) and type of emergence (TE), has an effect on the sufficiency of local anesthesia and safety of surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the L and TE of this radiographic landmark as well as the presence of accessory MF, by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross sectional study, a total of 156 CBCT images were retrieved from the archive of a private radiology clinic and were then evaluated for the position of MF and its TE and the existence of accessory foramina in the body of mandible. The extracted information was compared in both genders, in both sides of mandible and among three different age groups (20-29, 30-44 and 45-59 years). The Pearson chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Second premolar was the most common anterolateral L of MF; in general, 48.7% of right and 51.9% of left MFs were located at the apex of second premolar. Anterior and straight ET were more common in right and left side, respectively. Accessory MF was present in only 8 (5.1%) of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The possible presence of accessory MF should not be overlooked for avoiding the occurrence of a neurosensory disturbance during surgery and implant insertion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran;
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Khojastepour
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Sanam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mirbeigi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran;
authors.forename: Sabah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mirhadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Ateieh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Safaee
keywords: Accessory Mental Foramen; Anatomic Landmarks; CBCT; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Mandible; Mental Foramen
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