title: A Review Study on the Effect of Iranian Herbal Medicines on Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.
abstract: Addiction is a chronic and recurring disease that recurrence phenomenon is the most important challenge in treatment of this disease. Recent experiences have shown that synthetic drugs have undesirable side effects. Recent studies on medicinal plants have shown that they might be effective in treatment of different stages of addiction with lower side effects and costs. The aim of this study was to review the effects of medicinal plants in the treatment of morphine addiction in experimental animals. In this review article, by using keywords of morphine, withdrawal, and plants or herbal medicine in databases of indexing cites, desired articles were obtained since 1994. Inclusion criteria for selecting articles were the articles related to application of medicinal plants in decreasing symptoms resulting from morphine withdrawal were selected. Results of this study on experimental studies have shown that medicinal plants such as Trachyspermum copticum L and Melissa officinalis decrease the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome in a dose-dependent. Also, medicinal plants like Avena sativa, Hypericum perforatu, Passiflora incarnate, Valeriana officinalis, Satureja hortensis L, and Mentha piperita can have effects on behavior, emotions, and other problems of addicts, decreasing withdrawal symptoms. Results of this study showed that medicinal plants can be effective in controlling deprivation, decreasing dependency creation, and possibly DETOXIFICATION: of opioid addicts.
authors.affiliation: Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebrahimie
authors.affiliation: Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bahmani
authors.affiliation: Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Hedayatollah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirzad
authors.affiliation: Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Islamic Republic of Iran rafieian@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rafieian-Kopaei
authors.affiliation: Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Kourosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saki
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: addiction; medicinal plants; morphine; opioid