title: Elevated serum levels of cysteine and tyrosine: early biomarkers in asymptomatic adults at increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
abstract: As there is effective intervention for delaying or preventing metabolic diseases, which are often present for years before becoming clinically apparent, novel biomarkers that would mark metabolic complications before the onset of metabolic disease should be identified. We investigated the role of fasting serum amino acids and their associations with inflammatory markers, adipokines, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in subjects prior to the onset of insulin resistance (IR). Anthropometric measurements, food records, adipokines, biochemical markers, and serum levels of amino acids were determined in 96 asymptomatic subjects aged 25-49 years divided into three groups according to the number of MetS components present. Cysteine and tyrosine were significantly higher already in group with one component of MetS present compared to subjects without MetS components. Serum amino acid levels correlated with markers of inflammation and adipokines. Alanine and glycine explained 10% of insulin resistance variability. The role of tyrosine and cysteine, that were higher already with 1 component of MetS present, should be further investigated as they might point to future insulin disturbances.
authors.affiliation: Science and Research Centre, University of Primorska, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohorko
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petelin
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jurdana
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, AOUTS, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy ; Clinica Medica, Ospedale di Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 149, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biolo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Zala
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jenko-Pražnikar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003545:Cysteine / Q000097:blood*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017524:Slovenia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014443:Tyrosine; D003545:Cysteine
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