title: Exercise training reduces high mobility group box-1 protein levels in women with breast cancer: findings from the DIANA-5 study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether exercise training might exert anti-inflammatory effect by reducing HMGB1 levels in women with breast cancer (BC).
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed monocentric data from the DIANA (DIET AND ANDROGENS)-5 PROJECT. Study population consisted of 94 patients randomized into two groups: 61 patients (53 +/- 8 yrs, training group) were assigned to a structured exercise training intervention (3 times/week for the first 3 months, and once /week for the following 9 months); whereas 33 patients (52 +/- 7 yrs, control group) followed only the general indications to adhere to the life-style intervention suggestions of the DIANA protocol. At study entry and after 12 months, all patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing, biochemical as- sessment [HMGB1, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)]; and lipid and glycemic profile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between groups in baseline clinical and inflammatory profile. Among the training group, only 19/61 patients had high adherence to the exercise intervention. After stratifying the study population according to the level of adhesion to the exer- cise intervention, 1-year HMGB1 levels were lower among patients more adherent to exercise (p for trend = 0.001). Further adjusting for age, body mass index and baseline values, 1-year HMGB1 levels remained significantly and inversely associated to the level of adhesion to the exercise intervention (B = -0.97, SE = 0.43, p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Moderate intensity exercise training in BC survivors is associated with reduced HMGB1 levels that are proportional to the level of adhesion to the exercise intervention, independently from other classical inflammatory molecules, suggesting an exercise-induced anti-inflammatory effect mediated by HMGB1.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giallauria
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentile
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chiodini
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berrino
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mattiello
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maresca
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitelli
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grieco
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lucci
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torella
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panico
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vigorito
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein