title: [Effect of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy combined with flexible ureteroscopy on renal function in elderly patients with renal calculi].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect the levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C (Cys-C ) in blood and the level of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) in urine in elderly patients with renal calculi at diff erent times, and to explore the eff ect of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy (PCNL) combined with flexible ureteroscopy (FU) on early postoperative renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 46 patients with renal calculi were selected, and their blood or urine specimens were collected respectively at preoperative and postoperative 2, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The concentrations of NGAL, Cys-C, KIM-1 were detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of NGAL and Cys-C began to increase respectively at postoperative 2 and 12 h, and reached peak at postoperative 12 to 24 h. There was significant difference in the levels of NGAL and Cys-C between the postoperative 12 and 2 h or between postoperative 48 and 24 h (all P<0.05). The levels of NGAL and Cys-C began to decline and eventually returned to preoperative levels respectively at postoperative 48 and postoperative 72 h. The KIM-1 began to increase at postoperative 2 h and peaked at postoperative 24 h, which was significant difference between the postoperative 24 and 12 h or postoperative 48 and 24 h (both P<0.05). The level of KIM-1 began to decline and eventually returned to preoperative levels at postoperative 48 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After the combined treatment of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy with flexible ureteroscopy, the concentrations of NGAL, Cys-C and KIM-1 are significantly increased, suggesting injuries on renal function. The time of renal tubular injury and recovery is earlier than that of renal glomerulus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Zhongwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuanqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Dongjie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000652:urine; D000368:Aged; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000097:blood; D018666:Ureteroscopy
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D055316:Cystatin C; C491143:HAVCR1 protein, human; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011991:Receptors, Virus