title: Epigenetics of T cells regulated by Polycomb/Trithorax molecules.
abstract: Epigenetics provides a bridge between genetic and environmental factors, and can change the transcriptional outcome of a gene without changing the genomic sequence. Allergies and autoimmune diseases are caused by both of these factors, and dynamic changes in epigenetic marks have been reported in T cells, which are key players in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases. Advances in technology, including gene knockout systems and high-throughput sequencing, have significantly enhanced the understanding of the lifespan of T cells, including maturation, differentiation and memory formation. In this review, we focus on Polycomb and Trithorax proteins, well-characterized epigenetic modulators, and discuss their role in the epigenetic regulation of T cell differentiation and function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; JST, CREST, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. Electronic address: tnakayama@faculty.chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
keywords: Polycomb; T cell; Trithorax; epigenetics; memory