title: A written consent form dating back to 1524 in Bursa Ser'iye (Sharia Court) records and a proposal of a new start date for consent forms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Qadi registers are important documents for Ottoman medical history re.search. "Sharia Court Records (Ser'iyye Sicilleri)" are notebooks that include the records that qadis kept with regard to their decisions and deeds. These registers are the only authentic sources from which to acquire information on rural life, away from the center of the town, and to understand the daily practices of the Ottoman society. The objective of this study is to provide evidence for the fact that the concept of informed consent on medical interventions, and hence the written consent documents arranged between patients and physicians, dates back to older times in our history when compared to the Western world.
  
  
  METHODS
  A large number of Ser'iyye (Sharia Court) record originals have been surveyed. The consent form registered as A-40. 221a in Ser'iyye (Sharia Court) Records found in Bursa has been presented here as the earliest consent document found by the authors. Transcription of the original document has been performed and analyzed. The aforementioned consent form dates back to 26/Dhu al-Qi'dah/933 (August 24, 1524).
  
  
  METHODS
  The original version of the referenced consent document is the earliest consent document presented so far to the best of the authors' knowledge; it was found in Bursa Ser'iyye Records and evaluated accordingly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the document, it is argued that the history of consent forms dates back about 500 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obtaining consent in scientific research from human beings was considered to have originated from the Nuremberg Code (1949). However, with this study, it has been shown that the concept of informed consent was already present in the Ottoman Period, during the 16th century, and that the original consent document dates back to 1524, pertaining to a surgical intervention.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Omur Sayligil, Department of History of Medicine and Ethics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey, T: +902222392979, F: +902222290170, omursayligil@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Omur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sayligil
authors.forename: Hilmi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozden
mesh_terms: D032962:Consent Forms / Q000266:history / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D049669:History, 16th Century; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000266:history* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D007514:Islam / Q000266:history; D057214:Ottoman Empire; D014421:Turkey
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