title: α-2-macroglobulin in saliva is associated with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) require an adequate glycemic control to avoid diabetic complications. Currently, saliva biomarkers are used as a diagnostic tool and can be indicative of the degree of progression and control of various diseases. Several studies indicate that α-2-macroglobulin levels are elevated in diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  120 subjects with DM2 were enrolled and classified into two groups according to their glycemic control (percentage of glycated hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c), <7% adequate glycemic control group; >7% inadequate glycemic control group). The relationship between α-2-macroglobulin levels from saliva samples and HbA1c was subsequently evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a positive correlation between α-2-macroglobulin and HbA1c (r = 0.778 and P < 0.0001). Area under the receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curve of α-2-macroglobulin indicated a positive discrimination threshold of α-2-macroglobulin (AUC = 0.903, CI 95%: 0.847-0.959, P < 0.0001) to diagnose glycemic control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data strongly suggest that the level of saliva α-2-macroglobulin is an indicator for the degree of glycemic control in diabetic patients and represents a promising alternative method to evaluate this parameter.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patología y Medicina oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Juan Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Aitken
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morales-Bozo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patología y Medicina oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile ; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rojas-Alcayaga
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Odontología Conservadora, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baeza
authors.affiliation: Hospital Clínico, Servicio de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 8300456 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Caroll
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beltran
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patología y Medicina oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1587-4179
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Escobar
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
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