title: Facile modification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes-polymeric ionic liquids-coated solid-phase microextraction fibers by on-fiber anion exchange.
abstract: In situ anion exchange has been proved to be an efficient method for facile modification of polymeric ionic liquids (PILs)-based stationary phases. In this work, an on-fiber anion exchange process was utilized to tune the extraction performance of a multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-poly(1-vinyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide) (poly(VOIm(+)Br(-)))-coated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. MWCNTs were first coated onto the stainless steel wire through a layer-by-layer fabrication method and then the PILs were coated onto the MWCNTs physically. Anion of the MWCNTs-poly(VOIm(+)Br(-)) fiber was changed into bis(triflroromethanesulfonyl)imide (NTf2(-)) and 2-naphthalene-sulfonate (NapSO3(-)) by on-fiber anion exchange. Coupled to gas chromatography, the MWCNTs-poly(VOIm(+)Br(-)) fiber showed acceptable extraction efficiency for hydrophilic and hydrogen-bonding-donating alcohols, with limits of detection (LODs) in the range of 0.005-0.05μgmL(-1); after the anion exchange with NTf2(-), the obtained MWCNTs-poly(VOIm(+)NTf2(-)) fiber brought wide linear ranges for hydrophobic n-alkanes with correlation coefficient (R) ranging from 0.994 to 0.997; aromatic property of the fiber was enhanced by aromatic NapSO3(-) anions to get sufficient extraction capacity for phthalate esters and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. The MWCNTs-poly(VOIm(+)NapSO3(-)) fiber was finally applied to determine several halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in groundwater of industrial park.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in University of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in University of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China. Electronic address: chm_sunm@ujn.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in University of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in University of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Chuannan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000032:analysis; D000838:Anions; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D004952:Esters; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry; D006846:Hydrocarbons, Halogenated / Q000032:analysis; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D007474:Ion Exchange; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000838:Anions; D004952:Esters; D006846:Hydrocarbons, Halogenated; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D011145:Polyvinyls; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C000600069:poly(1-vinyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide)
keywords: Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons; Multi-walled carbon nanotubes; On-fiber anion exchange; Polymeric ionic liquids; Solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography