title: 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein-D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) induces memory B cell responses in healthy Kenyan toddlers.
abstract: Memory B cells are long-lived and could contribute to persistence of humoral immunity by maintaining the plasma-cell pool or making recall responses upon re-exposure to an antigen. We determined the ability of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to induce anti-pneumococcal memory B cells. Frequencies of memory B cells against pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides from serotypes 1, 6B, 14, 19F and 23F were determined by cultured B cell enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) in 35 children aged 12-23 months who received pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein-D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV). The relationships between plasma antibodies and memory B cell frequencies were also assessed. After two doses of PHiD-CV, the proportion of subjects with detectable memory B cells against pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides increased significantly for serotypes 1 (3-45%; P < 0·01), 19F (21-66%; P < 0·01) and 23F (13-36%; P = 0·02), but not serotypes 6B (24-42%; P = 0·24) and 14 (21-40%; P = 0·06). Correlations between antibodies and memory B cells were weak. Carriage of serotype 19F at enrolment was associated with poor memory B cell responses against this serotype at subsequent time-points (day 30: non-carriers, 82% versus carriers, 0%, P < 0·01; day 210: non-carriers, 72% versus carriers, 33%, P = 0·07). PHiD-CV is capable of inducing memory B cells against some of the component pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides.
authors.affiliation: Pathogen, Vector and Host Biology Department, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Muema
authors.affiliation: Pathogen, Vector and Host Biology Department, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Nduati
authors.affiliation: Pathogen, Vector and Host Biology Department, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uyoga
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Demography Cluster, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bashraheil
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Demography Cluster, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.|Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: J A G
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Demography Cluster, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.|Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hammitt
authors.affiliation: Pathogen, Vector and Host Biology Department, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.|Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Urban
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects; D007072:Immunoglobulin D / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D007223:Infant; D007630:Kenya; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D012703:Serotyping; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D007072:Immunoglobulin D; D008074:Lipoproteins; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate; C067989:glpQ protein, Haemophilus influenzae
keywords: ELISPOT; PHiD-CV; children; memory B cells; pneumococcal conjugate vaccines
references.citation: Science. 1996 Apr 5;272(5258):54-60
references.pmid: 8600537
references.citation: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009 Apr;28(4 Suppl):S66-76
references.pmid: 19325449
references.citation: Eur J Immunol. 2011 Jun;41(6):1800-8
references.pmid: 21469123
references.citation: Vaccine. 2007 May 10;25(19):3816-26
references.pmid: 17368878
references.citation: Vaccine. 2011 Sep 16;29(40):6994-7001
references.pmid: 21787822
references.citation: Trends Immunol. 2012 Jun;33(6):281-8
references.pmid: 22595532
references.citation: PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(4):e1002622
references.pmid: 22496648
references.citation: J Immunol Methods. 2004 Mar;286(1-2):111-22
references.pmid: 15087226
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2006 Dec 15;194(12):1745-52
references.pmid: 17109348
references.citation: J Virol. 2013 Apr;87(8):4395-402
references.pmid: 23388724
references.citation: Nat Immunol. 2009 Dec;10(12):1292-9
references.pmid: 19855380
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e85459
references.pmid: 24465570
references.citation: PLoS Pathog. 2010 Feb;6(2):e1000770
references.pmid: 20174609
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2001 Sep 1;184(5):569-76
references.pmid: 11494163
references.citation: Vaccine. 2003 Jul 4;21(23):3265-72
references.pmid: 12804857
references.citation: Lancet. 2006 Feb 11;367(9509):482-8
references.pmid: 16473125
references.citation: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014 Jan;33 Suppl 2:S109-18
references.pmid: 24336053
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2005 Jan 6;352(1):39-47
references.pmid: 15635111
references.citation: MBio. 2011;2(1):e00309-10
references.pmid: 21264063
references.citation: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009 Apr;28(4 Suppl):S97-S108
references.pmid: 19325452
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2010 May 15;201(10):1570-9
references.pmid: 20384496
references.citation: Science. 2002 Dec 13;298(5601):2199-202
references.pmid: 12481138
references.citation: Annu Rev Immunol. 1995;13:655-92
references.pmid: 7612238
references.citation: Vaccine. 2013 Apr 12;31(16):2080-8
references.pmid: 23391599
references.citation: Immunology. 2009 May;127(1):134-43
references.pmid: 19175802
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2012 Oct 1;206(7):1020-9
references.pmid: 22829650
references.citation: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009 Apr;28(4 Suppl):S77-88
references.pmid: 19325450
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2012 Jan;12(1):24-34
references.pmid: 22158414
references.citation: J Immunol. 2008 Feb 15;180(4):2165-73
references.pmid: 18250423
references.citation: Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Feb;15(2):182-93
references.pmid: 18032593
references.citation: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2008 Feb 15;57(6):144-8
references.pmid: 18272956
references.citation: Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Aug 1;61(3):342-9
references.pmid: 25838290
references.citation: Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10(3):757-66
references.pmid: 24356787
references.citation: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009 Apr;28(4 Suppl):S89-96
references.pmid: 19325451
references.citation: Clin Infect Dis. 1993 Jan;16(1):165-7
references.pmid: 8448295
references.citation: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012 Jan;31(1):e31-6
references.pmid: 21909049