title: A 'simple anterior fish excluder' (SAFE) for mitigating penaeid-trawl bycatch.
abstract: Various plastic strips and sheets (termed 'simple anterior fish excluders'-SAFEs) were positioned across the openings of penaeid trawls in attempts at reducing the unwanted bycatches of small teleosts. Initially, three SAFEs (a single wire without, and with small and large plastic panels) were compared against a control (no SAFE) on paired beam trawls. All SAFEs maintained targeted Metapenaeus macleayi catches, while the largest plastic SAFE significantly reduced total bycatch by 51% and the numbers of Pomatomus saltatrix, Mugil cephalus and Herklotsichthys castelnaui by up to 58%. A redesigned SAFE ('continuous plastic') was subsequently tested (against a control) on paired otter trawls, significantly reducing total bycatch by 28% and P. saltatrix and H. castelnaui by up to 42%. The continuous-plastic SAFE also significantly reduced M. macleayi catches by ~7%, but this was explained by ~5% less wing-end spread, and could be simply negated through otter-board refinement. Further work is required to refine the tested SAFEs, and to quantify species-specific escape mechanisms. Nevertheless, the SAFE concept might represent an effective approach for improving penaeid-trawl selectivity.
authors.affiliation: Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McHugh
authors.affiliation: Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries Conservation Technology Unit, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Matt K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Broadhurst
authors.affiliation: Sterling Trawl Gear Services, Manly, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sterling
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Russell B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Millar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004867:Equipment Design; D005398:Fisheries / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005399:Fishes / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010473:Perciformes / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010969:Plastics / Q000737:chemistry; D023701:Smegmamorpha / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D010969:Plastics