title: Identification of psychological comorbidity in TMD-patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to access the prevalence of depression among patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD) compared to patients with no current TMD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (92) and controls (90) answered questionnaires on subjective pain, severity of chronic pain, jaw disability, emotional well-being and depression, and a clinical examination was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Temporomandibular Joint Disorder patients reported higher disability of jaw function, compared to controls (p<0.001). The myoarthopathy subgroup (67.4%) had slightly more jaw disability than the myopathy subgroup (p>0.05). While 51% of TMD patients reported poor emotional well-being, only 7.8% of controls were affected (p<0.001). Clinical symptoms of depression were reported by 16% of TMD patients and not in the controls (p<0.001). Among TMD patients, a higher prevalence of depression was observed in the myopathy subgroup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A regular screening for psychological problems, using standardized questionnaires, should be integrated in clinical examination of TMD patients.
authors.affiliation: a Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover , Germany .
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: a Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover , Germany .
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eisenburger
authors.affiliation: b Medical Psychology Department , Hannover Medical, School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover , Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.affiliation: b Medical Psychology Department , Hannover Medical, School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover , Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schneller
authors.affiliation: a Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover , Germany .
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schwabe
authors.affiliation: a Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover , Germany .
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strempel
authors.affiliation: a Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover , Germany .
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stiesch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications*
keywords: Depression; Pain; Psychology; Temporomandibular dysfunction; Well-being