title: Nicotine Dependence, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior among Adult Smokers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research has previously demonstrated an inverse association between smoking status and physical activity; however, few studies have examined the association between nicotine dependence and physical activity or sedentary behavior.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the association between nicotine dependence and accelerometer-determined physical activity and sedentary behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used. A total of 851 adult (≥20 years) smokers wore an accelerometer for ≥4 days and completed the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence scale. Regression models were used to examine the association between nicotine dependence and physical activity/sedentary behavior.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for age, gender, race-ethnicity, poverty level, hypertension, emphysema, bronchitis, body mass index (BMI), cotinine, and accelerometer wear time, smokers 50 + years of age with greater nicotine dependence engaged in more sedentary behavior (β = 11.4, P = 0.02) and less light-intensity physical activity (β = -9.6, P = 0.03) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; β = -0.14, P = 0.003) than their less nicotine dependent counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older adults who are more nicotine dependent engage in less physical activity (both MVPA and light-intensity) and more sedentary behavior than their less nicotine dependent counterparts.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Behavior Research, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, USA.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Loprinzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Therapy, Lansing School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: Jerome F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Walker
keywords: Accelerometry; Addiction; Epidemiology; Older adults; Smoking
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