title: Validity and reliability of the hausa version of multidimensional scale of perceived social support index.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Social support has been identified as one of the key factors for enhancing the quality of life after stroke. However, a scientific tool that is valid for evaluating social support among stroke survivors in Nigeria has not been developed so far.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Hausa translated versions of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and to validate it for future use in clinical research in Nigeria.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 140 adult stroke survivors attending rehabilitation services at stroke referral centers in Kano, Nigeria. The psychometric analysis of the Hausa-MSPSS involved face, content, criterion and construct validity tests, as well as internal and test-retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess validity of the three-factor (Family, Friends and Significant others) model for the Hausa-MSPSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on expert panel, clinicians' review and patients' feedback, the 12 item Hausa-MSPSS had sufficient face, content and criterion validity. In reliability analysis, the Cronbach's alpha was 0.781. In test-retest reliability analysis, the minimum kappa value was 0.673. In Confirmatory factor analysis, the three-factor model was not acceptable. An alternative two-factor model with Family and Friends, as the two domain was found to be acceptable (Chi-square/df < 3, TLI, CFI > 0.9, RMSEA < 0.08). The average variances extracted for the two constructs were 0.5 and 0.7, respectively. The R-squared value between the two constructs was 0.397. Cross validity tested using 1000 bootstrap resamples gave satisfactory results (P = 0.079).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 11 item Hausa-MSPSS index is valid for the assessment of perceived social support among stroke survivors in Nigeria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ashiru Hamza
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nabilla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Al Sadat
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siew Yim
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Karuthan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chinna
keywords: Reliability and Validity; Social Support; Stroke
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