title: Dietary nitrate is a modifier of vascular gene expression in old male mice.
abstract: Aging leads to a number of disadvantageous changes in the cardiovascular system. Deterioration of vascular homoeostasis with increase in oxidative stress, chronic low-grade inflammation, and impaired nitric oxide bioavailability results in endothelial dysfunction, increased vascular stiffness, and compromised arterial-ventricular interactions. A chronic dietary supplementation with the micronutrient nitrate has been demonstrated to improve vascular function. Healthy dietary patterns may regulate gene expression profiles. However, the mechanisms are incompletely understood. The changes that occur at the gene expression level and transcriptional profile following a nutritional modification with nitrate have not been elucidated. To determine the changes of the vascular transcriptome, we conducted gene expression microarray experiments on aortas of old mice, which were treated with dietary nitrate. Our results highlight differentially expressed genes overrepresented in gene ontology categories. Molecular interaction and reaction pathways involved in the calcium-signaling pathway and the detoxification system were identified. Our results provide novel insight to an altered gene-expression profile in old mice following nitrate supplementation. This supports the general notion of nutritional approaches to modulate age-related changes of vascular functions and its detrimental consequences.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Christos
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3468-9945
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rammos
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Totzeck
authors.affiliation: Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory (GTL), Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deenen
authors.affiliation: Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory (GTL), Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Köhrer
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany ; Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Malte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelm
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Tienush
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rassaf
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Hendgen-Cotta
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009566:Nitrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002118:Calcium
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