title: Assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms in Saudi men using the International Prostate Symptoms Score.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Benign prostatic hyperplasia-related lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common among older men, the incidence and prevalence are increasing rapidly, and they are associated with diminished health-related quality-of-life (QOL).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to describe the prevalence of LUTS in Saudi population and its relation to some other parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Saudi men over the age of 40 were invited to participate in the study; in Riyadh city from August 2012 through March 2013. All participants were assessed for the serum level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination. Participants were given a linguistically validated Arabic version of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Demographic and other medical comorbidities were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the IPSS, a subdivision of men into three symptoms classes has been proposed, resulting in groups with mild (1265, 58.3%), moderate (505, 27.3%), and severe symptoms (81, 4.4%) and the prevalence of moderate to severe was 31.7%. There was a weak, but significant correlation between the total IPSS and age, total prostate volume, and PSA. Severity of symptoms is increasing with increased age. Multiple regression analysis reported that prostate volume and all individual items of IPSS except straining were significant predictors of QOL and patient satisfaction, where frequency and incomplete emptying had the heaviest impact on patient's QOL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LUTS were common among men in Saudi population over 40, the prevalence increases with age and most of them were unpleased because of their urinary symptoms, poor QOL was mainly determined by individual symptoms; mainly frequency and incomplete emptying.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Uro-Oncology Research Chair, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mostafa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arafa
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Uro-Oncology Research Chair, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Farhat
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Uro-Oncology Research Chair, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Saad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aqdas
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Uro-Oncology Research Chair, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Atawi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Uro-Oncology Research Chair, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Danny M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rabah
keywords: Arab World; International Prostate Symptom Score; lower urinary tract symptom; prostate volume; quality of life
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