title: Carbon nanoparticle-guided central lymph node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: Distinguishing the involved lymph nodes from other tissues during surgery is critical for lymph node dissection. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility by using carbon nanoparticles as guidance for lymph node dissection in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
  
  
  
  Eighty-one patients were injected with carbon nanoparticles (carbon nanoparticle group), whereas the other 81 patients were not (control group). Routine pathological examination was performed.
  
  
  
  The lymph node dissection and metastatic lymph node dissection rates of the carbon nanoparticle group were significantly higher than that of the control group. In the carbon nanoparticle group, the number of mistakenly dissected parathyroid gland, the case number of postoperative hypocalcemia, the case number of postoperative hypoparathyroidism, and the recovery time from hypocalcemia were 4, 6, 8, and 2.33 ± 0.58 weeks, respectively, significantly less than 14, 17, 20, 3, and 3.8 ± 0.92 weeks in the control group (p < .05).
  
  
  
  Carbon nanoparticles can be applied to more accurately guide the dissection of lymph nodes during thyroidectomy in patients with PTC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 840-845, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Youzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiangjin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huihao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shujun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kunlin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zongcai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lingjun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of FuJian Medical University, FuZhou, FuJian Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hezhu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhuang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002244:Carbon; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon
keywords: carbon nanoparticles; clinically node-negative patients; lymph node dissection; papillary thyroid carcinoma; retrospective analysis