title: Tomato juice supplementation in young women reduces inflammatory adipokine levels independently of body fat reduction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lycopene is a carotene and phytochemical known to protect against metabolic diseases. It is found in red fruits and vegetables, predominantly tomatoes. This study aimed to show the supplementation effect of tomato juice on indices associated with metabolic health and adipokine profiles in generally healthy people.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 30 young females (20- to 30-years-old) with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 20 were recruited, of whom 25 completed the entire study. The subjects continued with their normal diet and exercise schedule, but were given 280 mL of tomato juice (containing 32.5 mg of lycopene) daily for 2 mo. Metabolic indices, including anthropometric data and serum levels of glucose, lipids, adipokines, lycopene, and antioxidants, were compared pre- and postintervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tomato juice supplementation significantly reduced body weight, body fat, waist circumference, BMI, and serum levels of cholesterol, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and thiobarbituric reactive substances, while significantly increasing serum levels of adiponectin, triglyceride, and lycopene. When subjects were stratified by body fat change, i.e., reduction or non-reduction (including increase or no change), the tomato juice-induced reduction in waist circumference, serum cholesterol, and MCP-1 levels and increase in adiponectin and lycopene levels were seen in both subgroups. The changes in waist circumference, cholesterol, MCP-1, and adiponectin levels remained significant after adjusting for each covariable individually, with the exception of lycopene.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that daily tomato juice supplementation reduces waist circumference, as well as serum cholesterol and inflammatory adipokine levels in young healthy women and that these effects are unrelated to body fat changes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biostatistics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hui-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: d5218ymd@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Mei-Due
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: pmchao@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Pei-Min
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Chao
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D008055:Lipids; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002338:Carotenoids; D002784:Cholesterol; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: Adiponectin; Lycopene; Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1); Serum cholesterol; Waist circumference