title: Florbetapir PET, FDG PET, and MRI in Down syndrome individuals with and without Alzheimer's dementia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Down syndrome (DS) is associated with amyloid b (Ab) deposition.
  
  
  METHODS
  We characterized imaging measurements of regional fibrillar Ab burden, cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRgl), gray matter volumes (rGMVs), and age associations in 5 DS with dementia (DS/AD1), 12 DS without dementia (DS/AD2), and 9 normal controls (NCs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant group differences in mean standard uptake value ratios (SUVRs) for florbetapir with DS/AD1 having the highest, followed by DS/AD2, followed by NC. For [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, posterior cingulate rCMRgl in DS/AD1 was significantly reduced compared with DS/AD2 and NC. For volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (vMRI), hippocampal volumes were significantly reduced for the DS/AD1 compared with DS/AD2 and NC. Age-related SUVR increases and rCMRgl reductions were greater in DS participants than in NCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DS is associated with fibrillar Ab, rCMRgl, and rGMV alterations in the dementia stage and before the presence of clinical decline. This study provides a foundation for the studies needed to inform treatment and prevention in DS.
authors.affiliation: Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA. Electronic address: marwan.sabbagh@bannerhealth.com.
authors.forename: Marwan N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Sabbagh
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Kewei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: SRI International, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fleisher
authors.affiliation: Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liebsack
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bandy
authors.affiliation: Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belden
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Hillary
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Protas
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thiyyagura
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaofen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Auttawut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roontiva
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.affiliation: Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malek-Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Reiman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D004637:Emergency Services, Psychiatric; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; C545186:florbetapir
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Dementia; Down syndrome; FDG-PET; Florbetapir; Imaging; PET
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