title: Carotene reactivity in pink grapefruit juice elucidated from model systems and multiresponse modeling.
abstract: This study was carried out to assess the impact of pink grapefruit juice composition and structure on the degradation kinetics of lycopene and β-carotene using model systems and multiresponse modeling. Carotenes were heated at four temperatures in their native matrix (juice) or were extracted and incorporated in water/ethanol emulsion systems formulated with or without ascorbic acid or naringin. Kinetic analysis showed that the rate constants and activation energy were lower for lycopene than for β-carotene in the juice, while this trend was inversed in the model system. Multiresponse modeling was used to analyze the role of ascorbic acid and naringin in carotene degradation. Ascorbic acid had a very low impact, while naringin significantly increased the carotene degradation and isomerization rates. We concluded that lycopene was more sensitive to thermal degradation and phytochemical interactions than β-carotene, but this behavior was masked in the fruit juice matrix by better structural protection.
authors.affiliation: †Montpellier SupAgro, UMR95 QualiSud, 1101 av. Agropolis, B.P. 5098, F-34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Nawel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Achir
authors.affiliation: ‡CIRAD, UMR95 QualiSud, 73 av. J.F. Breton, TA B-95/16, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France.|§Laboratoire de Biomathématique, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria.
authors.forename: Thiziri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hadjal
authors.affiliation: §Laboratoire de Biomathématique, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria.
authors.forename: Khodir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Madani
authors.affiliation: †Montpellier SupAgro, UMR95 QualiSud, 1101 av. Agropolis, B.P. 5098, F-34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dornier
authors.affiliation: ‡CIRAD, UMR95 QualiSud, 73 av. J.F. Breton, TA B-95/16, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Claudie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dhuique-Mayer
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D032083:Citrus paradisi / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007536:Isomerism; D007700:Kinetics; D000077276:Lycopene; D008954:Models, Biological; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019207:beta Carotene; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: ascorbic acid; citrus fruit; kinetic; lycopene; naringin; β-carotene