title: Quantitating and dating recent gene flow between European and East Asian populations.
abstract: Historical records indicate that extensive cultural, commercial and technological interaction occurred between European and Asian populations. What have been the biological consequences of these contacts in terms of gene flow? We systematically estimated gene flow between Eurasian groups using genome-wide polymorphisms from 34 populations representing Europeans, East Asians, and Central/South Asians. We identified recent gene flow between Europeans and Asians in most populations we studied, including East Asians and Northwestern Europeans, which are normally considered to be non-admixed populations. In addition we quantitatively estimated the extent of this gene flow using two statistical approaches, and dated admixture events based on admixture linkage disequilibrium. Our results indicate that most genetic admixtures occurred between 2,400 and 310 years ago and show the admixture proportions to be highly correlated with geographic locations, with the highest admixture proportions observed in Central Asia and the lowest in East Asia and Northwestern Europe. Interestingly, we observed a North-to-South decline of European gene flow in East Asians, suggesting a northern path of European gene flow diffusing into East Asian populations. Our findings contribute to an improved understanding of the history of human migration and the evolutionary mechanisms that have shaped the genetic structure of populations in Eurasia.
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Max-Planck Independent Research Group on Population Genomics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Max-Planck Independent Research Group on Population Genomics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Max-Planck Independent Research Group on Population Genomics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Haiyi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Max-Planck Independent Research Group on Population Genomics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Max-Planck Independent Research Group on Population Genomics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Max-Planck Independent Research Group on Population Genomics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Yuchen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, Department of Microbiology, The Catholic University Medical College, Socho-gu Seoul 137-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeun-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: 1] Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Max-Planck Independent Research Group on Population Genomics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China [2] School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTec University, Shanghai 200031, China [3] Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Shuhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D051456:Gene Flow; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D013997:Time Factors; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
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