title: Cytokine induced killer cell-based immunotherapies in patients with different stages of renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Cytokine induced killer (CIK) cell-based treatments have shown antitumor activity against renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in vitro and in vivo. But the therapeutic options and benefits of various CIK cells were unknown for different stages of RCC. In this random clinical trial, the 3-year disease free survival (DFS) of operable RCC patients treated with autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells co-cultured with cytokine induced killer (Ag-DC-CIK) was 96.7% compared with 57.7% in the control group. Ag-DC-CIK immunotherapy decreased the risk of post-operative disease progression and relapse (P = 0.0418). In inoperable RCC patients treated with CIK, the 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were significantly longer than the control group (P = 0.0116 and P = 0.0212). The CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cell ratio in peripheral blood increased after the last cell infusion in the CIK treatment group, and especially further increased in the Ag-DC-CIK treatment group (P = 0.002). No severe toxicity was observed after infusion of CIK cells. Therefore, tumor antigen-sensitized Ag-DC-CIK cells might be more efficient and personalized for the patients with tumor resection, and CIK cells could improve the prognosis for those inoperable patients. According to the stages of RCC patients, different CIK cell-based immunotherapies would help to achieve more beneficial effects.
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Shuangning
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Tan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Dongli
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Weixing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Engineering Key Laboratory for Cell Therapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. Electronic address: yizhang@zzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D055612:Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D057285:Precision Medicine; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C508598:IL4 protein, human; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Ag-DC-CIK; CIK; Disease free survival; Overall survival; Renal cell carcinoma