title: Early Life Metabolism of Bisphenol A: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
abstract: When a comprehensive report on BPA was published in 2008, few data were available to assess the extent to which known poor glucuronidation capacity impacts BPA internal dose in infants and young children. In this paper, evidence that has emerged since the 2008 report is summarized, including: 1) human biomarker studies in children aged 0-5 years; 2) animal studies of neonatal toxicokinetics; and 3) physically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. To address limitations in these studies, we recommend more human biomonitoring studies in children aged 0-5 years in which unmetabolized (free) BPA and BPA metabolites are separately quantified and detailed quality-control data are reported, investigation of metabolic differences between humans and animal species used for the study of BPA metabolism, and enzyme ontogeny studies, which along with biomonitoring studies would reduce uncertainty in PBPK models of early-life BPA metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Nachman
authors.affiliation: Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
authors.forename: Jennifer C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hartle
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Peter S J
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Groopman
keywords: BPA; Bisphenol A; Chemicals; Early life; Exposure; Metabolism; Toxicity; Toxicokinetics
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