title: The Prevalence and Comorbidity Rates of ADHD Among School-Age Children in Turkey.
abstract: Objective:The aim of the present study was to explore the prevalence and comorbidity rates of ADHD in a community sample of school-age children.Method:Participants were 1,508 children aged 6 to 14 years. Parents and teachers of each child completed the TurgayDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(4th ed.;DSM-IV) Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV-S). Screen-positive cases were interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Diagnoses were based onDSM-IVcriteria.Results:The prevalence rate of ADHD was 8%. Children from extended families had extremely high rates (46.4%) of ADHD. Sixty percent of children with ADHD had one or more comorbid diagnoses. The most common comorbidities were learning disorders (35.7%) and oppositional defiant disorder (22.6%).Conclusion:The prevalence and comorbidity rates of ADHD in school-age children in Turkey are similar to those found in previous studies in other countries.
authors.affiliation: Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zorlu
authors.affiliation: Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gulsen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Unlu
authors.affiliation: Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burcu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cakaloz
authors.affiliation: Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zencir
authors.affiliation: Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buber
authors.affiliation: Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yetis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Isildar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D012574:Schools; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: ADHD; comorbidity; epidemiology; family; prevalence