title: Ectomycorrhizal Community Structure ofSalixandBetulaspp. at a Saline Site in Central Poland in Relation to the Seasons and Soil Parameters.
abstract: Saline stress is one of the most important abiotic factors limiting the growth and development of plants and associated microorganisms. While the impact of salinity on associations of arbuscular fungi is relatively well understood, knowledge of the ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi of trees growing on saline land is limited. The main objective of this study was to determine the density and diversity of EM fungi associated with three tree species,Salix alba,Salix capreaandBetula pendula, growing in saline soil during two seasons, autumn and spring. The site was located in central Poland, and the increased salinity of the soil was of anthropogenic origin from soda production. The degree of EM colonisation of fine root tips varied between 9 and 34 % and depended on the tree species of interest (S. caprea<S. alba<B. pendula) and season (spring < autumn). Moreover, the ectomycorrhizal colonisation ofB. pendulawas positively correlated with pH and CaCO3, while forS. capreaandS. alba,colonisation was associated with most of the other soil parameters investigated; e.g. salinity, Corgand N. Analysis of EM fungi revealed four to five different morphotypes per each season:Tomentellasp. Sa-A,Hebeloma collariatumSc-A,Geoporasp. Sc-A,Helotialessp. Bp-A in the autumn andTomentellasp. Sa-S,Tomentellasp. Sc-S and three morphotypes from the families Thelephoraceae and Pyronemataceae in the spring. In conclusion, the density of EM is related to the level of salinity (ECe), season and tree species.Tomentellaspp.,Hebelomasp.,Geoporasp. andHelotialessp. are groups of species highly adapted to saline conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 89-100 Torun, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hrynkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 89-100 Torun, Poland.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szymańska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piernik
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 89-100 Torun, Poland.
authors.forename: Dominika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thiem
keywords: Birch; Diversity; Ectomycorrhizal fungi; Salinity; Willow
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