title: Ischemic Compression After Dry Needling of a Latent Myofascial Trigger Point Reduces Postneedling Soreness Intensity and Duration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of ischemic compression (IC) versus placebo and control on reducing postneedling soreness of 1 latent myofascial trigger point and on improving cervical range of motion (CROM) in asymptomatic subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 72-hour follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university community.
  
  
  METHODS
  Asymptomatic volunteers (N = 90: 40 men and 50 women) aged 18 to 39 years (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 22 ± 3 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects received a dry needling application over the upper trapezius muscle. Participants were then randomly divided into 3 groups: a treatment group who received IC over the needled trapezius muscle, a placebo group who received sham IC, and a control group who did not receive any treatment after needling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visual analog scale (VAS; during needling, at posttreatment and 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours) and CROM (at preneedling, postneedling, and 24 and 72 hours).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects in the IC group showed significantly lower postneedling soreness than the placebo and the control group subjects immediately after treatment (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: IC, 20.1 ± 4.8; placebo, 36.7 ± 4.8; control, 34.8 ± 3.6) and at 48 hours (mean ± SD: IC, 0.6 ± 1; placebo, 4.8 ± 1; control, 3.8 ± 0.7). In addition, subjects in the dry needling+IC group showed significantly lower postneedling soreness duration (P = .026). All subjects significantly improved CROM in contralateral lateroflexion and both homolateral and contralateral rotations, but only the improvements found in the IC group reached the minimal detectable change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IC can potentially be added immediately after dry needling of myofascial trigger point in the upper trapezius muscle because it has the effect of reducing postneedling soreness intensity and duration. The combination of dry needling and IC seems to improve CROM in homolateral and contralateral cervical rotation movements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, CEU-San Pablo University, Carretera Boadilla del Monte, Km 5,300, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Aitor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martín-Pintado-Zugasti
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Department, School of Physiotherapy, Alcalá de Henares University, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pecos-Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, CEU-San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ángel Luis
authors.initials: ÁL
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel María
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Alguacil-Diego
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Portillo-Aceituno
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Department, School of Physiotherapy, Alcalá de Henares University, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Tomás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gallego-Izquierdo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain; Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Josue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Carnero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003250:Constriction; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009209:Myofascial Pain Syndromes / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D009339:Needles; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D064171:Superficial Back Muscles; D061028:Trigger Points; D055815:Young Adult