title: Celox-coated gauze for the treatment of civilian penetrating trauma: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Uncontrolled hemorrhage is a well-recognized cause of mortality in trauma victims and the control of active hemorrhage is among the initial steps in resuscitation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the role of a hemostatic agent "celox" in the management of civilian stab-wound trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this clinical trial study, 160 patients with penetrating limb trauma were randomly allocated to either the control or intervention group (n = 80, each group). Controls were treated with the simple pressure dressing, while the celox-coated gauze was used in the intervention group. The time for achievement of hemostasis and the amount of bleeding were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21 and Stata 13. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of participants was 30.5 and the majority of patients were male (90.6%). The forearm and distal leg were the most sites of injury. Hemostasis was achieved within 5 minutes in 32.5% of the control group and 51.3% of the intervention group. Using the celox-coated gauze significantly reduced the time to hemostasis (P = 0.01). Moreover, the blood loss was significantly lower in the celox group compared to the controls (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the celox-coated gauze is able to achieve hemostasis in penetrating limb trauma faster than the conventional pressure bandage. Further research is required to clarify the subset of patients who will benefit the most from this effect in the emergency department.
authors.affiliation: Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran ; Clinical Research Development Unit, Emam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Hatamabadi
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Development Unit, Emam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Asayesh Zarchi
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Development Unit, Emam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kariman
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Development Unit, Emam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arhami Dolatabadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tabatabaey
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Development Unit, Emam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amini
keywords: Hemostasis; Occlusive Dressing; Stab Wound
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