title: Quantitative analysis of vesicle recycling at the calyx of Held synapse.
abstract: Vesicle recycling is pivotal for maintaining reliable synaptic signaling, but its basic properties remain poorly understood. Here, we developed an approach to quantitatively analyze the kinetics of vesicle recycling with exquisite signal and temporal resolution at the calyx of Held synapse. The combination of this electrophysiological approach with electron microscopy revealed that ∼80% of vesicles (∼270,000 out of ∼330,000) in the nerve terminal are involved in recycling. Under sustained stimulation, recycled vesicles start to be reused in tens of seconds when ∼47% of the preserved vesicles in the recycling pool (RP) are depleted. The heterogeneity of vesicle recycling as well as two kinetic components of RP depletion revealed the existence of a replenishable pool of vesicles before the priming stage and led to a realistic kinetic model that assesses the size of the subpools of the RP. Thus, our study quantified the kinetics of vesicle recycling and kinetically dissected the whole vesicle pool in the calyceal terminal into the readily releasable pool (∼0.6%), the readily priming pool (∼46%), the premature pool (∼33%), and the resting pool (∼20%).
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; and.
authors.forename: Xufeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; and.
authors.forename: Qianwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; and Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100053, China jysun@ibp.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jianyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001306:Auditory Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D007700:Kinetics; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton; D008959:Models, Neurological; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D066191:Sensorimotor Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
keywords: calyx of Held; kinetics; short-term plasticity; vesicle pool; vesicle recycling
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