title: Retinoic Acid promotes interleukin-4 plasmid-dimethylsulfoxide topical transdermal delivery for treatment of psoriasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that is caused by a shift in the Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1-dominant immunity. It has been established as an effective treatment to counteract psoriasis by subcutaneous injection of recombinant interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-4 gene therapy by topical transdermal penetration has shown its antipsoriatic effect in mice. Retinoic acid (RA) and dimethylsulfoxide can increase the efficiency of gene transfection in the topical transdermal delivery system.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether RA could improve anti-psoriasis efficiency using IL-4 expression plasmid pORF-mIL-4 (pIL-4) via transdermal delivery system in K14-vascular endothelial growth (K14-VEGF) factor transgenic mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  After pretreatment with RA, plasmid pIL-4 in 10% dimethylsulfoxide was applied to the ear skin by topical transdermal penetration. Hematoxylin- eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were performed with ear samples to evaluate anti-psoriasis efficiency in mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The psoriasis pathological features were relieved and psoriasis-associated factors were significantly reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results reveal that topical application of pIL-4 in dimethylsulfoxide by transdermal delivery with RA pretreatment can improve psoriasis significantly.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Wen
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Yin-Bing
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xaing-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Kun
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Nan-Nan
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Qiu
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Yong
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Quan
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Dimethyl sulfoxide; Gene therapy; Interleukin-4; Psoriasis; Retinoic acid; Transdermal
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