title: Developmental status of 22 children with trisomy 18 and eight children with trisomy 13: implications and recommendations.
abstract: Trisomy 18 and trisomy 13 are conditions often referred to as "incompatible with life" or "lethal anomalies." If there is long-term survival, the outlook is considered "grim." Developmental status is presumed to be minimal. Yet, Baty et al. [1994; 49:189-194] described a variety of developmental skills in their sample. An additional 22 children with trisomy 18 and eight with trisomy 13 are described here. A range of developmental skills is noted with strengths in the language and communication, gross and fine motor and social-emotional domains including indicating preferences, exploration of objects and a range of voluntary mobility. These results serve to expand the knowledge base on developmental status for these groups and advance the need to further explore developmental abilities rather than focus on deficits. Avenues for future research, implications, and recommendations are provided.
authors.affiliation: Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois.
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bruns
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002882:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18; D006128:Growth / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D014314:Trisomy; D000073839:Trisomy 13 Syndrome; D000073842:Trisomy 18 Syndrome
keywords: developmental skills; developmental status; trisomy 13; trisomy 18