title: Longterm Safety and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Tocilizumab Monotherapy: Results from the 2-year Open-label Extension of the MUSASHI Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the longterm safety and efficacy of subcutaneous tocilizumab (TCZ-SC) as monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 346 patients who received 24 weeks of double-blind treatment with either TCZ-SC monotherapy, 162 mg every 2 weeks (q2w); or intravenous TCZ (TCZ-IV) monotherapy, 8 mg/kg every 4 weeks; 319 patients continued to receive TCZ-SC q2w in the 84-week open-label extension (OLE) of the MUSASHI study (JAPICCTI-101117). Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity were evaluated for all patients treated with TCZ during 108 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of patients who achieved American College of Rheumatology 20/50/70 responses, low disease activity [28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) ≤ 3.2], or remission (DAS28 < 2.6) at Week 24 were maintained until Week 108. The incidences of adverse events and serious adverse events were 498.3 and 16.9 per 100 patient-years (PY), respectively. The overall safety of TCZ-SC monotherapy was similar to that of TCZ-IV monotherapy. Rates of injection site reactions (ISR) through 108 weeks remained similar to rates through 24 weeks. ISR were mild and did not cause any patient withdrawals. No serious hypersensitivity events (including anaphylactic reactions) occurred. Anti-TCZ antibodies were present in 2.1% of patients treated with TCZ-SC monotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TCZ-SC monotherapy maintained a favorable safety profile and consistent efficacy throughout the 108-week study. Like TCZ-IV, TCZ-SC could provide an additional treatment option for patients with RA.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dobashi
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoo
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasama
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Hisaaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyahara
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Munakata
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murasawa
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishimoto
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Noriyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ojima
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Kenrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shono
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suematsu
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University; Department of Rheumatology, Utazu-Hama Clinic, Kagawa; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki; Department of Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka; Department of Rheumatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka; Munakata Yasuhiko Clinic, Miyagi; Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, Niigata; Osaka Rheumatology Clinic, Osaka; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; Shono Rheumatology Clinic, Fukuoka; First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido; The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka; Department of Medicine and Biosy
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nomura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; C502936:tocilizumab
keywords: ADVERSE EVENTS; HUMANIZED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTIONS