title: Choice of solvent extraction technique affects fatty acid composition of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) oil.
abstract: Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) oil has important nutritional and therapeutic properties because of its high concentration of essential fatty acids. The extraction method used to obtain natural compounds from raw material is critical for product quality, in particular to protect nutritional value. This study compared the fatty acid composition of pistachio oil extracted by two conventional procedures, Soxhlet extraction and maceration, analyzed by a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Four solvents with different polarities were tested: n-hexane (Hx), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtAc) and ethanol (EtOH). The highest unsaturated fatty acid content (88.493 %) was obtained by Soxhlet extraction with EtAc. The Soxhlet method extracted the most oleic and linolenic acids (51.99 % and 0.385 %, respectively) although a higher concentration (36.32 %) of linoleic acid was extracted by maceration.
authors.affiliation: Semnan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 3519899951, Semnan, Iran.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdolshahi
authors.affiliation: Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, 61615-585 Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba Heydari
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Majd
authors.affiliation: Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 61615-585, Zabol, Iran ; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 61615-585, Zabol, Iran.
authors.forename: Javad Sharifi
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rad
authors.affiliation: Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center of Semnan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 3519899951, Semnan, Iran.
authors.forename: Aliakbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shabani
authors.affiliation: P. O. Box 7, Miki-cho post office, Ikenobe 3011-2, Kagawa-ken, 761-0799 Japan.
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Teixeira da Silva
keywords: Fatty acid composition; Gas chromatography; Pistachio oil; Solvent extraction
references.citation: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2006 Apr;16(3):202-9
references.pmid: 16580587
references.citation: J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2010 Jan 20;51(2):305-26
references.pmid: 19525080
references.citation: Nutrition. 2013 Apr;29(4):641-5
references.pmid: 23298971
references.citation: Nutrition. 2010 Apr;26(4):399-404
references.pmid: 19647416
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2011 Aug 15;415(2):134-44
references.pmid: 21539805
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2010 Jul;101(14):5622-32
references.pmid: 20202828