title: Larvicidal activity of naturally occurring naphthalenedione and its structurally related analogs against three mosquito species.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the larvicidal activity of an active compound isolated from Cercis chinensis heartwood and its structurally related analogs against 4th-stage Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens pallens, and Ae. togoi. The larvicidal compound of C. chinensis was isolated with the use of various chromatographic techniques and identified as analogs of 1,4-naphthalenedione. Based on the median lethal concentration (LC(50)) values of commercially procured analogs against Ae. aegypti larvae, the most toxic analog was 2-bromo-1,4-naphthalenedione (1.19 µg/ml); followed by 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione (1.72 µg/ml); 2-methyl-1,4-naphthalenedione (9.12 µg/ml); 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione (10.76 µg/ml); and 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthalenedione (12.50 µg/ml). Similar results were observed against Cx. p. pallens and Ae. togoi larvae with 1,4-naphthalenedione analogs. These results also showed that 1,4-naphthalenedione analogs were less toxic than the organophosphate pirimiphos-methyl. Nonetheless, naturally occurring C. chinensis-derived materials and 1,4-naphthalenedione analogs have potential for development as mosquito larvicidal agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Min-Gi
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hoi-Seon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D003465:Culex / Q000254:growth & development; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009032:Mosquito Control; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013045:Species Specificity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010936:Plant Extracts; C014153:pirimiphos methyl
keywords: Ae. togoi; Aedes aegypti; Cercis chinensis; Culex pipiens pallens; mosquito larvicidal activity