title: Immunomodulatory effect of cathelicidins in response to a β-glucan in intestinal epithelial cells from rainbow trout.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to characterize intestinal immune mechanisms involved in the response to β-glucans in rainbow trout. Among the immune effectors regulated in response to immunostimulants, host defense peptides (HDPs) are abundantly expressed in epithelial linings, suggesting their important role in the mucosal immune response. Therefore, the immunomodulatory properties of expressed HDPs in the epithelial intestinal cells of rainbow trout in response to the β-glucan, zymosan, were assessed. The results showed that zymosan increased the production of the HDP, cathelicidin, and the cytokine, IL-1β, in the intestinal epithelial RTgutGC cell line at the transcript and protein levels. Thus, cathelicidin-2 variants were produced and were shown to (i) induce the production of IL-1β in RTgutGC cells and (ii) display a synergic effect with zymosan in IL-1β upregulation. Importantly, the colocalization of both rtCATH-2 and IL-1β was detected in the intestinal epithelial cells of rainbow trout fed with a 0.3% zymosan-supplemented diet. We propose that trout cathelicidins are expressed by intestinal epithelial cells and exert immunomodulatory effects to improve the local intestinal immune response triggered by immunostimulants.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile. Electronic address: paulina.schmitt@ucv.cl.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biotecnología en Acuicultura (LBA), Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Jurij
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wacyk
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
authors.forename: Byron
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morales-Lange
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.affiliation: Núcleo Biotecnológico de Curauma (NBC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guzmán
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Núcleo Biotecnológico de Curauma (NBC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mercado
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D054804:Cathelicidins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D004357:Drug Synergism; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects; D056747:Immunomodulation; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000276:immunology*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D015054:Zymosan / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D054804:Cathelicidins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015054:Zymosan
keywords: Fish IL-1β; Host defense peptides; Immunostimulation; Intestinal epithelial cells; Mucosal immunity