title: Multiple muscular variations in the neck, upper extremity, and lower extremity biased toward the left side of a single cadaver.
abstract: Although numerous reports have found accessory or supernumerary muscles throughout the human body, multiple appearances of these variations biased toward one side of body are rare. We report a 76-yr-old male cadaver with an accessory head of the biceps brachii and palmaris profundus, and a muscular slip between the biceps femoris and semitendinosus on the left side in addition to a bilateral accessory belly of the digastric muscle. No remarkable nervous, vascular, or visceral variation accompanied these variations. An interruption of normal somitogenesis or myogenesis may be a cause of these variations.
authors.affiliation: Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Ho
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1022-2438
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Chun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1677-0267
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Jun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4983-6365
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Doo
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9945-2848
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Ho
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5562-0720
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Yeon
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6945-1967
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002102:Cadaver; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology*; D009333:Neck; D034941:Upper Extremity
keywords: Anatomy; Asymmetry; Dissection; Nerve Compression Syndromes; Pseudomass
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