title: GEMM-I riboswitches from Geobacter sense the bacterial second messenger cyclic AMP-GMP.
abstract: Cyclic dinucleotides are an expanding class of signaling molecules that control many aspects of bacterial physiology. A synthase for cyclic AMP-GMP (cAG, also referenced as 3'-5', 3'-5' cGAMP) called DncV is associated with hyperinfectivity of Vibrio cholerae but has not been found in many bacteria, raising questions about the prevalence and function of cAG signaling. We have discovered that the environmental bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens produces cAG and uses a subset of GEMM-I class riboswitches (GEMM-Ib, Genes for the Environment, Membranes, and Motility) as specific receptors for cAG. GEMM-Ib riboswitches regulate genes associated with extracellular electron transfer; thus cAG signaling may control aspects of bacterial electrophysiology. These findings expand the role of cAG beyond organisms that harbor DncV and beyond pathogenesis to microbial geochemistry, which is important to environmental remediation and microbial fuel cell development. Finally, we have developed an RNA-based fluorescent biosensor for live-cell imaging of cAG. This selective, genetically encodable biosensor will be useful to probe the biochemistry and cell biology of cAG signaling in diverse bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry.
authors.forename: Colleen A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kellenberger
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry.
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry.
authors.forename: Scott F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology.
authors.forename: Tania L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry.
authors.forename: Yichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry.
authors.forename: Zachary F
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Hallberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry.
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.affiliation: QB3/Chemistry Mass Spectrometry Facility, and.
authors.forename: Anthony T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Iavarone
authors.affiliation: Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.
authors.forename: Hans K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry.
authors.forename: Yu-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, mingch@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Ming C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hammond
mesh_terms: D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D045302:Geobacter / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D058928:Riboswitch / Q000502:physiology*; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology*; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D058928:Riboswitch; C584311:cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate
keywords: bacterial signaling; cGAMP; cyclic dinucleotides; fluorescent biosensor; gene regulation
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