title: Imaging and analyzing primary cilia in cardiac cells.
abstract: The primary cilium is a small sensory organelle that is required for different aspects of embryonic development, including the formation of the heart. The structure and composition of cilia have been extensively studied, so that several markers of primary cilia have now been identified. However, the role of cilia in specific cell types remains poorly understood. We describe here a series of approaches to image primary cilia in the rodent heart or in primary cultures of cells dissociated from the heart. As the cilium is a marker of cell polarity, we also provide, for quantitative image analysis of cilium orientation, tools which are generally applicable to other types of tissues.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France; CNRS URA2578, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Diguet
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France; CNRS URA2578, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Le Garrec
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France; CNRS URA2578, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris06, IFD, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lucchesi
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France; CNRS URA2578, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sigolène M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Meilhac
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002923:Cilia / Q000502:physiology*; D004210:Dissection; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology; D047108:Embryonic Development; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D051379:Mice; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods
keywords: Cardiac cell dissociation; Cardiac primary cilia; Cardiomyocytes; Cilium orientation; Heart development; Histology of the heart; Image analysis; Primary culture of cardiac cells