title: Topical Review: Theoretical Frameworks in Pediatric Adherence-Promotion Interventions: Research Findings and Methodological Implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the guiding theoretical frameworks included in pediatric adherence-promotion interventions and characterize targeted domains using the theoretical domains framework (TDF), a standardized system developed by adult behavior change researchers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases identified 47 articles describing pediatric adherence-promotion interventions. Data extraction was completed independently by two authors. Targeted intervention domains were classified using the TDF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of interventions did not cite a guiding theoretical framework or cited multiple theories with overlapping domains. The TDF was a reliable categorization system and suggested that pediatric adherence-promotion interventions most commonly target knowledge, skills, and social influences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pediatric adherence-promotion interventions draw from a variety of theories and lack a consistent language for describing targeted domains. The adapted TDF proposed here is one method of reducing variability in intervention development and reporting and may facilitate efforts to identify the processes that improve adherence.
authors.affiliation: Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Meghan.McGrady@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: Meghan E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McGrady
authors.affiliation: Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and.
authors.forename: Jamie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.affiliation: Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and.
authors.forename: Gabriella A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas.
authors.forename: Christopher C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Cushing
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012106:Research / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adherence; chronic illness; research design and methods
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