title: Cathelicidin related antimicrobial peptide, laminin, Toll-like receptors and chemokines levels in experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease caused by unresolved inflammation and tissue repair pathologies triggered by repeated organic dust exposure. The aim of the study was to investigate changes in levels of the cathelicidin related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP), laminin (LAM-A1), selected Toll-like receptors (TLR) and chemokines in experimental HP in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three and 18-month-old female C57BL/6J mice underwent inhalations of the saline extract of Pantoea agglomerans cells, Gram-negative bacterium common in organic dust and known for its pathogenic impact. The inhalations were repeated daily (28 days). ELISA was used for measuring in lung tissue homogenates concentration of CRAMP, LAM-A1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR8, CXCL9 (chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand) and CXCL10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of TLR2, TLR4 and CXCL9 were significantly higher in both young and old mice lungs already after 7 days of inhalations, while significant increase of LAM-A1 and CXCL10 was noted after 28 days, compared to untreated samples. TLR8 level was significantly augmented only in young mice. Only CRAMP level significantly declined. Significantly higher TLR8 and CXCL9 concentration in untreated samples were noted in old animals compared to young ones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant alterations of the examined factors levels indicate their role in HP pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Unit of fibroproliferative diseases, institute of rural health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: msgolec@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golec
authors.affiliation: Unit of fibroproliferative diseases, institute of rural health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lemieszek
authors.affiliation: Unit of fibroproliferative diseases, institute of rural health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skórska
authors.affiliation: Unit of fibroproliferative diseases, institute of rural health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sitkowska
authors.affiliation: Unit of fibroproliferative diseases, institute of rural health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zwoliński
authors.affiliation: Department of pneumonology, oncology and allergology, medical university of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mackiewicz
authors.affiliation: Unit of fibroproliferative diseases, institute of rural health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Góra-Florek
authors.affiliation: Unit of fibroproliferative diseases, institute of rural health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; Department of pneumonology, oncology and allergology, medical university of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Milanowski
authors.affiliation: Unit of fibroproliferative diseases, institute of rural health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dutkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000336:Aerosols; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000542:Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D054804:Cathelicidins / Q000032:analysis*; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000633:toxicity; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000032:analysis*; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9 / Q000032:analysis*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007797:Laminin / Q000032:analysis*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020636:Pantoea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000032:analysis; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D054804:Cathelicidins; D002457:Cell Extracts; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; C485433:Cxcl10 protein, mouse; C485969:Cxcl9 protein, mouse; D007797:Laminin; D011498:Protein Precursors; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; C084098:laminin A
keywords: Antimicrobial peptide; Hypersensitivity pneumonitis; Mice model; Modèle murin; Pantoea agglomerans; Peptides antimicrobiens; Pneumopathie d’hypersensibilité; Récepteurs de type Toll; Toll-like receptors