title: Effect of microorganisms on etiology of hematospermia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hematospermia is the presence of blood in the ejaculate. Its etiology is congenital, inflammatory, infectious, obstructive, tumoral, vascular, traumatic, iatrogenic or related to systemic disease. It is a quite irritating and life-quality-disturbing condition for men. It is significant to demonstrate infectious-based hematospermia due to the fact that its treatment is easier than for other reasons.
  
  
  METHODS
  30 patients, having spontaneous hematospermia, were taken to our study. The serum total PSA levels of the patients were examined and microbiological examinations such as direct inspection for ejaculate, routine bacteriological and mycetes culture, Gram staining, trichrome staining and Mycoplasma hominis/Ureaplasma urealyticum culture (Mycofast Evolution 3, ELITech, France) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacteria was isolated in 11 (36%) of 30 patients with hematospermia. S.aureus occurred in five patients (45.5%), U.urealyticum in three patients (27.2%) and E.coli and K.pneumoniae in one each (9.1%). U.urealyticum and S.aureus occurred together in one patient. No statistical difference of scores of National Institute of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptoms Index (CPSI) and serum total PSA levels between the patients with and without infection was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hematospermia mostly affects micturition functions of young men and it can be due to infection in one-third of the cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Sifa University, Izmir. musasaracoglu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Musa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saracoglu
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.forename: Sabri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atalay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D051516:Hemospermia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016990:Ureaplasma urealyticum / Q000302:isolation & purification