title: One-step nanopatterning of conjugated polymers by electron-beam-assisted electropolymerization.
abstract: We propose a one-step nanopatterning method where liquid monomers are polymerized directly with an electron beam under an atmospheric pressure. The method allows precise positional control of an electron beam that induces electropolymerization based on an anodic oxidation only in the irradiated areas. Various versatile conjugated polymers, including polypyrrole, polyaniline and poly(3-hexylthiophene), have been directly polymerized from monomers without solvents and patterned by our one-step nanopatterning method. Vertically oriented arrays of nanorods several hundred nanometers in diameter with an aspect ratio (height to diameter) of around two were fabricated.
authors.affiliation: Takahara Soft Interfaces Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: JEOL Ltd., 1-2 Musashino 3-chome, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.affiliation: JEOL Ltd., 1-2 Musashino 3-chome, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.affiliation: Takahara Soft Interfaces Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirohmi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Takahara Soft Interfaces Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.affiliation: Takahara Soft Interfaces Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan hjinnai@cstf.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jinnai
keywords: atmospheric scanning electron microscopy; conjugated polymer; electropolymerization; nanopatterning
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