title: Mechanistic insights into cellular immunity of chondroitin sulfate A and its zwitterionic N-deacetylated derivatives.
abstract: As a major component in extracellular matrix of the tissue, chondroitin sulfate A (CS-A) has been shown to exhibit either pro- or anti-inflammatory immune response which was largely dependent on its molecular size and cell types. In this study, we determined the signaling pathway involved in immune response of CS and its N-deacetylated derivative (dCS). Our data indicated that both CS and dCS could activate the NF-κB transcription factor in antigen presenting cells and induce TNF-α production through the TLR/MyD88 pathway. Further studies demonstrated that both CS and dCS had a potential in promoting the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes, and promoting the cytokines secretion by OVA-sensitized splenocytes. Thus, our finding provided a mechanistic insight into the understanding of cellular immunity of CS and dCS, which might be helpful to develop CS-based immune modulators against chronic inflammatory conditions, autoimmunity, infectious diseases, allergies and asthmatic conditions.
authors.affiliation: College of science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Wuxia
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Feifei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: College of science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Qingjie
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: jduan@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jinyou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003653:Decarboxylation; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008970:Molecular Weight; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010047:Ovalbumin; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates
keywords: Chondroitin sulfate; Immune response; N-Deacetylation; Polysaccharide