title: Differences in early and late stages of information processing between slow versus fast participants.
abstract: The human brain is a system consisting of various interconnected neural networks, with functional specialization coexisting with functional integration occurring both; temporally and spatially at many levels. The current study ranked and compared fast and slow participants in processing information by assessing latency and amplitude of early and late Event-Related Potential (ERP) components, including P200, N200, Premotor Potential (PMP) and P300. In addition, the Reaction Time (RT) of participants was compared and related to the respective ERP components. For this purpose, twenty right-handed and healthy individuals were subjected to a classical ERP "Oddball" paradigm. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Function analyses (DFA) used PRE components and the Reaction Time (RT) to classify individuals. Our results indicate that latencies of P200 (O2 electrode), N200 (O2), PMP (C3) and P300 (Pz) components are significantly reduced in the group of fast responding participants. In addition, the P200 amplitude is significantly increased in the group of fast responding participants. Based on these findings, we suggest that the ERP is able to detect even minimal impairments, in the processing of somatosensory information and cognitive and motor stages. Hence, the study of ERP might also be capable of assessing sensorimotor dysfunctions in healthy old-aged people and in neuropsychiatric patients (suffering from dementia, Parkinson's disease, and other neurological disorders).
authors.affiliation: Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; UNIABEU/Fisioterapia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Portella
authors.affiliation: Panic & Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Institute of Phylosophy (IFILO), Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Minas Gerais, Brazil ; Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Postgraduate Program, Salgado de Oliveira University (UNIVERSO), Niterói, Brazil ; Quiropraxia Program of Faculty of Health Sciences, Central University (UCEN), Santiago, Chile ; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Panic & Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paes
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cagy
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Alexander T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Sack
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, México.
authors.forename: Ada
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, México.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salas-Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Panic & Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Cardoso
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piedade
authors.affiliation: Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; School of Physical Education, Bioscience Department (EEFD/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Panic & Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Egídio
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Nardi
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento y Sueño (TMS), Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González/IFC-UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico ; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento y Sueño (TMS), Hospital General Ajusco Medio, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Arias-Carrión
keywords: Event-related potential; N200; Odd-ball; P200; P300; Pre-motor potential; Reaction time; Slow- and fast-participants
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