title: Pathogenic Role of Human Herpesvirus 6B Infection in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) is the causative agent for exanthem subitum. HHV-6B was associated with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), leading to mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). In this study, we sought to elucidate the pathogenic role of HHV-6B in patients with MTLE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five intractable MTLE patients, including 52 MTS patients and 23 non-MTS patients, were enrolled in this study. Resected hippocampus, amygdala, and mixed samples of amygdala and uncus samples were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse-transcriptase PCR to detect viral DNA and messenger RNA (mRNA), respectively. Host gene expressions, including neural markers, were measured using the TaqMan Gene Expression Assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Detection of HHV-6 DNA was higher in MTS patients than non-MTS patients (median/interquartile range: 19.1/0-89.2 vs 0.0/0.0-0.0 copies/µg DNA; P = .004). HHV-6B viral DNA was determined in 12/27 HHV-6 DNA-positive samples, and no HHV-6B mRNA were detected in all samples. In MTS patients, expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (P = .029) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (P = .043) were significantly higher in the amygdala samples with HHV-6 DNA than those without viral DNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that HHV-6B may play an important role in the pathogenesis of MTS via modification of host gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Clinical Engineering, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ihira
authors.affiliation: National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukitoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000821:virology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D014775:Virus Activation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: human herpesvirus 6; lobe; mesial temporal sclerosis