title: Internalized chitosan nanoparticles persist for long time in cultured cells.
abstract: Chitosan-based nanoparticles (chiNPs) are considered to be potentially good carriers for the sustained intracellular delivery of specific molecules. However, scarce attention has been paid to the long-lasting permanence of these NPs in the intracellular milieu, as well as to their intracellular fate (i.e., distribution, interaction with cell organelles, and degradation) in the long term. In the present study, the presence and subcellular location of FITC-labelled chiNPs were monitored in HeLa cells up to 14 days post-administration using multicolor-fluorescence confocal microscopy and diaminobenzidine photo-oxidation at transmission electron microscopy. The main result of the present study is the demonstration that internalized chiNPs persist inside the cell up to two weeks, occurring in both the cytoplasm and nucleus; accordingly, chiNPs are able to pass from mother to daughter cells through several mitotic cycles. The cells did not show increased mortality or structural damage up to 14 days after chiNP exposure.
authors.affiliation: University of Verona. manuela.malatesta@univr.it.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malatesta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grecchi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chiesa
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cisterna
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costanzo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zancanaro
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D048271:Chitosan
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