title: Metabolite profiling in posttraumatic stress disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traumatic stress does not only increase the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but is also associated with adverse secondary physical health outcomes. Despite increasing efforts, we only begin to understand the underlying biomolecular processes. The hypothesis-free assessment of a wide range of metabolites (termed metabolite profiling) might contribute to the discovery of biological pathways underlying PTSD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we present the results of the first metabolite profiling study in PTSD, which investigated peripheral blood serum samples of 20 PTSD patients and 18 controls. We performed liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to Quadrupole/Time-Of-Flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry. Two complementary statistical approaches were used to identify metabolites associated with PTSD status including univariate analyses and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen metabolites displayed significant changes in PTSD, including four glycerophospholipids, and one metabolite involved in endocannabinoid signaling. A biomarker panel of 19 metabolites classifies PTSD with 85% accuracy, while classification accuracy from the glycerophospholipid with the highest differentiating ability already reached 82%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study illustrates the feasibility and utility of metabolite profiling for PTSD and suggests lipid-derived and endocannabinoid signaling as potential biological pathways involved in trauma-associated pathophysiology.
authors.affiliation: Clinical & Biological Psychology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karabatsiakis
authors.affiliation: Clinical & Biological Psychology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Gilava
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hamuni
authors.affiliation: Clinical & Biological Psychology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wilker
authors.affiliation: SAP Switzerland AG, Tägerwilen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kolassa
authors.affiliation: Strand Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Durairaj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Renu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadereit
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology & Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
authors.forename: Maggie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.affiliation: Agilent Incorporated, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hennessy
authors.affiliation: Clinical & Biological Psychology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Iris-Tatjana
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Kolassa
keywords: Biological pathways; Glycerophospholipid; Mass spectrometry; Metabolite profiling; Palmitoylethanolamide; Posttraumatic stress disorder
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