title: Effect of different mixing and placement methods on the compressive strength of calcium-enriched mixture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this experimental laboratory study was to evaluate the effect of different mixing and placement techniques on compressive strength (CS) of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement.
  
  
  METHODS
  CEM powder was mixed with its liquid either by hand mixing or amalgamator mixing. The mixture was loaded to cylindrical acrylic molds with 6.0±0.1 mm height and 4.0±1 mm diameter. Half of the specimens in each group were selected randomly and ultrasonic energy was applied to them for 30 sec. All samples were incubated for 7 days at 37(°)C. The CS test was performed by means of a universal testing machine. The data were analyzed by the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc tests. The level of significance was set at 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximum CS was seen in the amalgamator-mixed samples that did not receive ultrasonic agitation. The CS value of amalgamator-mixed samples was significantly higher than manually-mixed ones (P=0.003). Ultrasonic vibration did not change the CS of specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the results, mixing with amalgamator increases the CS of CEM cement, while ultrasonic vibration had no positive effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Safoora
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahebi
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Nooshin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sadatshojaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jafari
keywords: CEM cement; Calcium-Enriched Mixture; Compressive Strength; Mixing; Ultrasonic
references.citation: Iran Endod J. 2014 Fall;9(4):266-70
references.pmid: 25386207
references.citation: J Endod. 2014 Mar;40(3):441-5
references.pmid: 24565668
references.citation: Iran Endod J. 2014 Fall;9(4):257-60
references.pmid: 25386205
references.citation: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2008 Dec 1;87(3):706-9
references.pmid: 18200558
references.citation: J Endod. 2006 Mar;32(3):193-7
references.pmid: 16500224
references.citation: Iran Endod J. 2007 Fall;2(3):105-9
references.pmid: 24298290
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2007 Jun;40(6):453-61
references.pmid: 17459121
references.citation: J Endod. 2013 Jan;39(1):111-4
references.pmid: 23228268
references.citation: J Endod. 2009 Feb;35(2):243-50
references.pmid: 19166783
references.citation: J Endod. 2008 Aug;34(8):990-3
references.pmid: 18634932
references.citation: Aust Endod J. 2012 Aug;38(2):70-5
references.pmid: 22827819
references.citation: Iran Endod J. 2015 Winter;10(1):55-8
references.pmid: 25598811
references.citation: J Endod. 2011 Oct;37(10):1433-6
references.pmid: 21924197
references.citation: J Endod. 2010 Nov;36(11):1778-81
references.pmid: 20951286
references.citation: J Endod. 2010 Jan;36(1):16-27
references.pmid: 20003930
references.citation: J Endod. 2010 Nov;36(11):1856-9
references.pmid: 20951300
references.citation: J Endod. 2003 Oct;29(10):679-82
references.pmid: 14606796
references.citation: Dent Mater. 2004 Dec;20(10):972-8
references.pmid: 15501326
references.citation: J Endod. 2002 May;28(5):386-90
references.pmid: 12033201
references.citation: J Endod. 2010 Mar;36(3):524-8
references.pmid: 20171376
references.citation: Aust Endod J. 2012 Dec;38(3):113-7
references.pmid: 23211070
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2010 Apr;43(4):312-20
references.pmid: 20487451
references.citation: J Endod. 2012 Apr;38(4):501-4
references.pmid: 22414837
references.citation: J Endod. 2014 Jul;40(7):969-72
references.pmid: 24935545
references.citation: Iran Endod J. 2014 Fall;9(4):261-5
references.pmid: 25386206
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2010 Sep;43(9):782-91
references.pmid: 20609024
references.citation: Iran Endod J. 2014 Summer;9(3):185-9
references.pmid: 25031591
references.citation: J Endod. 2013 Dec;39(12):1646-8
references.pmid: 24238465
references.citation: J Endod. 2007 Aug;33(8):970-3
references.pmid: 17878085