title: Sulfur removal from bauxite water slurry (BWS) electrolysis intensified by ultrasonic.
abstract: Effects of ultrasonic on desulfurization ratio from bauxite water slurry (BWS) electrolysis in NaOH solution were examined under constant current. The results indicated that ultrasonic improved the desulfurization ratio at high temperatures because of the diffusion and transfer of oxygen gas in electrolyte. However, due to the increase in oxygen gas emission, ultrasonic could not improve the desulfurization ratio obviously at low temperatures. Additionally, the particle size of bauxite became fine in the presence of ultrasonic, indicating that the mass transfer of FeS2 phase was improved. According to the polarization curves, the current density increased in the presence of ultrasonic, indicating that the mass transfer of liquid phase was improved. The apparent activation energy (AAE) of electrode reaction revealed that ultrasonic did not change the pathway of water electrolysis. However, ultrasonic changed the pathway of BWS electrolysis, converting indirect oxidation into direct oxidation. The AAE of BWS electrolysis in the presence of ultrasonic was higher than that in the absence of ultrasonic. And the low AAEs (less than 20 kJ/mol) clearly indicated the diffusion control during BWS electrolysis reaction.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China. Electronic address: lange0311@163.com.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China. Electronic address: xzgong@ipe.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xuzhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China. Electronic address: mywang@ipe.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Mingyong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: Desulfurization; Electrolysis; High sulfur bauxite; Kinetics; Polarization curve; Ultrasonic