title: White and dark kidney beans reduce colonic mucosal damage and inflammation in response to dextran sodium sulfate.
abstract: Common beans are a rich source of nondigestible fermentable components and phenolic compounds that have anti-inflammatory effects. We assessed the gut-health-promoting potential of kidney beans in healthy mice and their ability to attenuate colonic inflammation following dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) exposure (via drinking water, 2% DSS w/v, 7 days). C57BL/6 mice were fed one of three isocaloric diets: basal diet control (BD), or BD supplemented with 20% cooked white (WK) or dark red kidney (DK) bean flour for 3 weeks. In healthy mice, anti-inflammatory microbial-derived cecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels (acetate, butyrate and propionate), colon crypt height and colonic Mucin 1 (MUC1) and Resistin-like Molecule beta (Relmβ) mRNA expression all increased in WK- and DK-fed mice compared to BD, indicative of enhanced microbial activity, gut barrier integrity and antimicrobial defense response. During colitis, both bean diets reduced (a) disease severity, (b) colonic histological damage and (c) increased mRNA expression of antimicrobial and barrier integrity-promoting genes (Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4), MUC1-3, Relmβ and Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3)) and reduced proinflammatory mediator expression [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1], which correlated with reduced colon tissue protein levels. Further, bean diets exerted a systemic anti-inflammatory effect during colitis by reducing serum levels of IL-17A, IFNγ, TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6. In conclusion, both WK and DK bean-supplemented diets enhanced microbial-derived SCFA metabolite production, gut barrier integrity and the microbial defensive response in the healthy colon, which supported an anti-inflammatory phenotype during colitis. Collectively, these data demonstrate a beneficial colon-function priming effect of bean consumption that mitigates colitis severity.
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 5C9; Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Monk
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 5C9; Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Claire P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 5C9.
authors.forename: Wenqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 5C9; Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zarepoor
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 5C9; Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Jenifer T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 5C9.
authors.forename: Ronghua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: K Peter
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Pauls
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Geoffrey A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 5C9.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Lindsay E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 5C9; Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1. Electronic address: krista.power@agr.gc.ca.
authors.forename: Krista A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Power
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis; D005766:Gastrointestinal Contents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006729:Hormones, Ectopic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D006729:Hormones, Ectopic; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D018396:Mucin-1; D010860:Pigments, Biological; C486522:Retnlb protein, mouse; C577056:muc1 protein, mouse; D016264:Dextran Sulfate
keywords: Colitis; Colon health; Dextran sodium sulfate; Inflammation; Kidney beans; Short-chain fatty acids