title: Prevalence of FOB testing in eastern-Australian general practice patients: what has a national bowel cancer screening program delivered?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) was introduced in Australia in 2006, offering free immunochemical Faecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) to persons aged 50, 55 or 65. The study aimed to examine the prevalence of self-reported screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) using the FOBT and factors associated with not having an FOBT.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of Australian general practice patients aged 50 and over with no personal history of CRC completed a health risk survey while waiting for scheduled appointments between November 2010 and November 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 5671 patients from 12 practices were approached to participate. Of the 4707 eligible patients (adults attending for care who understood English and were capable of providing informed consent), 4062 (86%) consented to participate, with 2269 eligible to complete the FOBT items. Approximately half (52%) of participants reported ever having an FOBT. More than one-third (39.7%) of the sample reported having an FOBT in the prior three years. Those who recalled receiving a mailed kit as part of the NBCSP were five times more likely to report being screened. Those less likely to report screening were aged 50-59 years, were female and had been diagnosed with a form of cancer other than CRC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is justification for the extension of the NBCSP to ensure a majority of the age-appropriate population is screened for CRC. SO WHAT?: Further work is needed to identify whether high rates of screening are achievable using the mailed-kit approach, and how to increase participation by females, those aged 50-69 years and those diagnosed with other cancers.
authors.affiliation: Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour (PRCHB), W4, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Christine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour (PRCHB), W4, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Mariko L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.affiliation: Southern Academic Primary Care Research Unit (SAPCRU), Monash University, 270 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, Vic. 3168, Australia.
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2035, Australia.
authors.forename: Cate
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: D'Este
authors.affiliation: Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour (PRCHB), W4, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Rob W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Sanson-Fisher
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Samuels Avenue, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zwar
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009517:New South Wales; D009780:Occult Blood; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014739:Victoria