title: Relationship of unilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) to contralateral and ipsilateral knee joint degeneration - a longitudinal 3T MRI study from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association of prevalent unilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) with worsening of degenerative knee abnormalities and clinical outcomes in the ipsilateral and contralateral knee.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both knees of 30 individuals in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) with unilateral THA (n = 14 left, n = 16 right) at baseline were assessed at baseline and at 4-year follow-up for Whole-organ MR Imaging Scores (WORMS), cartilage T2 relaxation times (only available for right knees), Western Ontario and McMasters Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores and upper leg isometric strength. Right knees of 30 individuals without THA were analyzed as controls. Contralateral knees were compared to ipsilateral knees with paired t-tests and to control knees with multivariate regression analysis adjusting for covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In paired analyses, compared to ipsilateral knees, contralateral knees had higher WORMS total (P = 0.008) and cartilage scores (P = 0.007) at baseline. Over 4 years contralateral knees worsened more on WORMS total score (P = 0.008). Cartilage T2 values were higher in knees contralateral to the THA (baseline, P = 0.02; follow-up, P < 0.001). Contralateral knees had greater declines in knee extension strength (P = 0.04) and had a trend for greater worsening in WOMAC pain, stiffness, function and total scores (P = 0.04-0.09). Similar results were found comparing contralateral knees with control knees in multivariate regression models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalent unilateral THA is associated with an greater progression of degenerative findings for the knee contralateral to THA.
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA; Department of Radiology, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany. Electronic address: pia.jungmann@tum.de.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Jungmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 5700, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA. Electronic address: mnevitt@psg.ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Nevitt
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany. Electronic address: thomas.baum@tum.de.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA. Electronic address: lieblhans@gmail.com.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liebl
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA. Electronic address: lorenzo.nardo@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 5700, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA. Electronic address: fliu@psg.ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. Electronic address: nancy.lane@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 5700, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA. Electronic address: cmcculloch@psg.ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: McCulloch
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA. Electronic address: thomas.link@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Link
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Cartilage; Hip arthroplasty; Knee; Osteoarthritis; T(2) measurements; WORMS
references.citation: Arthritis Res Ther. 2011;13(5):R153
references.pmid: 21933394
references.citation: Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2013 Feb;39(1):145-76
references.pmid: 23312414
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2010 Jun;18(6):776-86
references.pmid: 20202488
references.citation: Rheumatology (Oxford). 2000 Jun;39(6):612-9
references.pmid: 10888705
references.citation: Clin Rehabil. 2001 Jun;15(3):331-41
references.pmid: 11386405
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2001 Jul;14(1):50-5
references.pmid: 11436214
references.citation: Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2001 Oct;11(5):280-6
references.pmid: 11696212
references.citation: J Rheumatol. 1988 Dec;15(12):1833-40
references.pmid: 3068365
references.citation: J Clin Epidemiol. 1993 Feb;46(2):153-62
references.pmid: 8437031
references.citation: Ann Rheum Dis. 1994 Sep;53(9):565-8
references.pmid: 7979593
references.citation: Anat Rec. 1994 Sep;240(1):19-31
references.pmid: 7810912
references.citation: J Sci Med Sport. 2004 Sep;7(3):347-57
references.pmid: 15518300
references.citation: Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2005 Sep-Oct;23(5 Suppl 39):S148-53
references.pmid: 16273799
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2007 Feb;15(2):198-204
references.pmid: 16949313
references.citation: Ann Behav Med. 1999 Spring;21(1):40-7
references.pmid: 18425653
references.citation: Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2008 Aug;34(3):731-54
references.pmid: 18687280
references.citation: Skeletal Radiol. 2008 Oct;37(10):911-6
references.pmid: 18649078
references.citation: BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008;9:116
references.pmid: 18764949
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2008 Dec;16(12):1433-41
references.pmid: 18786841
references.citation: Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2009 Feb;129(2):149-54
references.pmid: 18247033
references.citation: Magn Reson Med. 2010 Jan;63(1):181-93
references.pmid: 19859960
references.citation: Radiology. 2010 Feb;254(2):509-20
references.pmid: 20019141
references.citation: J Rheumatol. 2010 Jun;37(6):1260-5
references.pmid: 20395646
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2011 Jan;19(1):65-73
references.pmid: 21044692
references.citation: Radiographics. 2011 Jan-Feb;31(1):37-61
references.pmid: 21257932
references.citation: Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2010;65(12):1253-9
references.pmid: 21340212
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2011 Aug;19(8):984-9
references.pmid: 21515391
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2011 Aug;19(8):990-1002
references.pmid: 21645627
references.citation: Arthritis Rheum. 2011 Dec;63(12):3853-8
references.pmid: 22127702
references.citation: Gait Posture. 2012 Jan;35(1):61-5
references.pmid: 21903396
references.citation: Phys Sportsmed. 2011 Nov;39(4):44-50
references.pmid: 22293767
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Mar;21(3):405-12
references.pmid: 23274101
references.citation: Bone Joint J. 2013 Mar;95-B(3):348-53
references.pmid: 23450019
references.citation: J Orthop Res. 2013 Aug;31(8):1187-94
references.pmid: 23787990
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Sep;21(9):1154-9
references.pmid: 23973125
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Oct;21(10):1558-66
references.pmid: 23831632
references.citation: Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Dec;92(12):1060-9
references.pmid: 23739275
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2013 Dec;38(6):1415-24
references.pmid: 24038491
references.citation: Skeletal Radiol. 2014 Mar;43(3):271-5
references.pmid: 24346338
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2015 Apr;23(4):507-15
references.pmid: 25447976
references.citation: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2002 Dec;10(12):907-13
references.pmid: 12464550
references.citation: Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Dec;46(12):3185-9
references.pmid: 12483722
references.citation: Radiology. 2003 Feb;226(2):373-81
references.pmid: 12563128
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2003 Mar;17(3):358-64
references.pmid: 12594727
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85-A Suppl 2:70-7
references.pmid: 12721347
references.citation: Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Jun;48(6):1556-61
references.pmid: 12794823
references.citation: Radiology. 2004 Aug;232(2):592-8
references.pmid: 15215540
references.citation: Ann Rheum Dis. 2015 Jul;74(7):1353-9
references.pmid: 24615539