title: Mechanical interactions and crosstalk between corneal keratocytes and the extracellular matrix.
abstract: The generation of cellular forces and the application of these physical forces to the ECM play a central role in mediating matrix patterning and remodeling during fundamental processes such as developmental morphogenesis and wound healing. In addition to growth factors and other biochemical factors that can modulate the keratocyte mechanical phenotype, another key player in the regulation of cell-induced ECM patterning is the mechanical state of the ECM itself. In this review we provide an overview of the biochemical and biophysical factors regulating the mechanical interactions between corneal keratocytes and the stromal ECM at the cellular level. We first provide an overview of how Rho GTPases regulate the sub-cellular pattern of force generation by corneal keratocytes, and the impact these forces have on the surrounding ECM. We next review how feedback from local matrix structural and mechanical properties can modulate keratocyte phenotype and mechanical activity. Throughout this review, we provide examples of how these biophysical interactions may contribute to clinical outcomes, with a focus on corneal wound healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA. Electronic address: matthew.petroll@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: W Matthew
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Petroll
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miron-Mendoza
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D060527:Corneal Keratocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal
keywords: Cell mechanics; Corneal keratocytes; Corneal stroma; Extracellular matrix; Mechanobiology
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