title: A High Throughput, 384-Well, Semi-Automated, Hepatocyte Intrinsic Clearance Assay for Screening New Molecular Entities in Drug Discovery.
abstract: A high throughput, semi-automated clearance screening assay in hepatocytes was developed allowing a scientist to generate data for 96 compounds in one week. The 384-well format assay utilizes a Thermo Multidrop Combi and an optimized LC-MS/MS method. The previously reported LCMS/ MS method reduced the analytical run time by 3-fold, down to 1.2 min injection-to-injection. The Multidrop was able to deliver hepatocytes to 384-well plates with minimal viability loss. Comparison of results from the new 384-well and historical 24-well assays yielded a correlation of 0.95. In addition, results obtained for 25 marketed drugs with various metabolism pathways had a correlation of 0.75 when compared with literature values. Precision was maintained in the new format as 8 compounds tested in ≥39 independent experiments had coefficients of variation ≤21%. The ability to predict in vivo clearances using the new stability assay format was also investigated using 22 marketed drugs and 26 AbbVie compounds. Correction of intrinsic clearance values with binding to hepatocytes (in vitro data) and plasma (in vivo data) resulted in a higher in vitro to in vivo correlation when comparing 22 marketed compounds in human (0.80 vs 0.35) and 26 AbbVie Discovery compounds in rat (0.56 vs 0.17), demonstrating the importance of correcting for binding in clearance studies. This newly developed high throughput, semi-automated clearance assay allows for rapid screening of Discovery compounds to enable Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) analysis based on high quality hepatocyte stability data in sufficient quantity and quality to drive the next round of compound synthesis.
authors.forename: Lance
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heinle
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Peterkin
authors.forename: Sonia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: de Morais
authors.forename: Gary J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Metabolism, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. ilaria.badagnani@abbvie.com.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Badagnani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001331:Automation; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015507:Drugs, Investigational / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D015507:Drugs, Investigational