title: The role of inflammatory markers in explaining the association between depression and cardiovascular hospitalisations.
abstract: This study investigated whether inflammation may explain the relationship between depression and incident cardiovascular hospitalisations. Participants (55-85 years) completed baseline depression and physical assessment. Those without self-reported cardiovascular events were followed prospectively for hospital admissions for angina, myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction (median 937 days). Across 5140 person-years of risk (N = 1692), there were 47 incident cardiovascular hospitalisations (2.8 %). Controlling for age and gender, interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio were associated with future cardiovascular events. Mediation analysis showed that CRP accounted for 8.1 % and IL-6 10.9 % of the effect of depression on cardiovascular events, and including the indirect effect in the model substantially reduced the direct relationship between depression and cardiovascular hospitalisations. BMI and waist-to-hip ratio accounted for indirect effects of 7.7 and 10.4 %, respectively. Inflammatory markers partly explain the association between depression and cardiovascular events, although other shared factors also likely contribute.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health, Priority Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia, Sarah.Hiles@uon.edu.au.
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hiles
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Theo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: de Malmanche
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McEvoy
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Attia
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
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