title: Evidence for a link between gut microbiota and hypertension in the Dahl rat.
abstract: The gut microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining physiological homeostasis. This study was designed to evaluate whether gut microbial composition affects hypertension. 16S rRNA genes obtained from cecal samples of Dahl salt-sensitive (S) and Dahl salt-resistant (R) rats were sequenced. Bacteria of the phylum Bacteroidetes were higher in the S rats compared with the R rats. Furthermore, the family S24-7 of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the family Veillonellaceae of the phylum Firmicutes were higher in the S rats compared with the R rats. Analyses of the various phylogenetic groups of cecal microbiota revealed significant differences between S and R rats. Both strains were maintained on a high-salt diet, administered antibiotics for ablation of microbiota, transplanted with S or R rat cecal contents, and monitored for blood pressure (BP). Systolic BP of the R rats remained unaltered irrespective of S or R rat cecal transplantation. Surprisingly, compared with the S rats given S rat cecal content, systolic BP of the S rats given a single bolus of cecal content from R rats was consistently and significantly elevated during the rest of their life, and they had a shorter lifespan. A lower level of fecal bacteria of the family Veillonellaceae and increased plasma acetate and heptanoate were features associated with the increased BP observed in the S rats given R rat microbiota compared with the S rats given S rat microbiota. These data demonstrate a link between microbial content and BP regulation and, because the S and R rats differ in their genomic composition, provide the necessary basis to further examine the relationship between the host genome and microbiome in the context of BP regulation in the Dahl rats.
authors.affiliation: Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio;
authors.forename: Blair
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mell
authors.affiliation: James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky;
authors.forename: Venkatakrishna R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Jala
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.
authors.forename: Anna V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.
authors.forename: Jaeman
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.affiliation: Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio;
authors.forename: Harshal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Waghulde
authors.affiliation: Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio;
authors.forename: Youjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky;
authors.forename: Bodduluri
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haribabu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences and Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Matam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijay-Kumar
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.
authors.forename: Subramaniam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pennathur
authors.affiliation: Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio; bina.joe@utoledo.edu.
authors.forename: Bina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002432:Cecum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000637:transplantation; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016678:Genome; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008136:Longevity; D055432:Metabolomics; D020303:Rats, Inbred Dahl; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D013599:Systole / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012964:Sodium
keywords: SCFA; gut; metabolic; metabolomics; microbial
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