title: The effect of ethanol sclerotherapy of 5 minutes duration on cyst diameter and rat ovarian tissue in simple ovarian cysts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of 95% ethanol sclerotherapy (EST) administered over 5 minutes on cyst diameter and ovarian tissue in experimentally induced simple ovarian cysts in a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to induce ovarian cysts, unilateral total salpingectomy was performed in regularly menstruating adult female Wistar albino rats (n=20) between 12 and 14 weeks of age and weighing between 200 and 220 g. One month after the procedure, the abdominal cavity was opened and 14 rats (70%) were found to have developed macroscopic cysts. Rats with macroscopic cysts (n=14) were assigned into two groups in a prospective and single-blinded manner: group 1 (G1) (n=7), control rats; and group 2 (G2) (n=7), 5-minute EST 95% group. Cyst diameter was measured and recorded for each rat. In G2, after whole cyst fluid was aspirated the cystic cavity was irrigated with 95% ethanol, approximately equal to half of the aspirated cyst volume, after which an interval of 5 minutes was allowed and same amount was re-aspirated and the abdominal cavity was closed. One month after this procedure, abdominal cavities were reopened and intra-abdominal adhesion scoring was performed in both groups. Cyst diameter was measured for each rat, and the right ovary was removed, fixed in 10% formaldehyde, and transported to the laboratory. A histologic assessment of the ovarian tissues was performed under light microscopy following staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical analysis. A P-level less than 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison with G1, there was a statistically significant reduction in the mean ovarian cyst dimensions in G2, while there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to total number of follicles. Again, a significant increase in apoptotic activity and germinal epithelial degeneration was observed in G2 as compared to G1. The two groups were similar in terms of adhesion formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although 95% EST results in a reduction in the size of simple ovarian cysts, this effect seems to be achieved at the expense of ovarian tissue injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Şimşek
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuncay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuloğlu
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Batman Yasam Hospital, Batman, Turkey.
authors.forename: Şehmus
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Pala
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boztosun
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Behzat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Can
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Remzi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Atilgan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol
keywords: adhesion; ethanol instillation; ovarian morphology; salpingectomy; simple ovarian cyst
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