title: Therapeutic roles of carbon monoxide in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
abstract: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is a complex, multifactorial, pathophysiological process with high morbidity and mortality, leading to serious difficulty in treatment. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal I-R injury have been examined in detail and various therapeutic approaches for intestinal I-R injury have been developed; however, existing circumstances have not yet led to a dramatic change of treatment. Carbon monoxide (CO), one of the by-products of heme degradation by heme oxygenase (HO), is considered as a candidate for treatment of intestinal I-R injury and indeed HO-1-derived endogenous CO and exogenous CO play a pivotal role in protecting the gastrointestinal tract from intestinal I-R injury. Interestingly, anti-inflammatory effects of CO have been elucidated sufficiently in various cell types including endothelial cells, circulating leukocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, fibroblast, organ-specific cells, and immune-presenting cells. In this review, we herein focus on the therapeutic roles of CO in intestinal I-R injury and the cell-specific anti-inflammatory effects of CO, clearly demonstrating future therapeutic strategies of CO for treating intestine I-R injury.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medial Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katada
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006418:Heme / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D006418:Heme; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1
keywords: carbon monoxide; cytoprotection; heme oxygenase; ischemia-reperfusion injury; oxidative stress