title: Enteric neuron imbalance and proximal dysmotility in ganglionated intestine of theSox10Dom/+Hirschsprung mouse model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), neural crest-derived progenitors (NCPs) fail to completely colonize the intestine so that the enteric nervous system (ENS) is absent from distal bowel. Despite removal of the aganglionic region, many HSCR patients suffer from residual intestinal dysmotility. To test the hypothesis that inappropriate lineage segregation of NCPs in proximal ganglionated regions of the bowel could contribute to such postoperative disease, we investigated neural crest (NC)-derived lineages and motility in ganglionated, postnatal intestine of theSox10Dom/+HSCR mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cre-mediated fate-mapping was applied to evaluate relative proportions of NC-derived cell types. Motility assays were performed to assess gastric emptying and small intestine motility while colonic inflammation was assessed by histopathology forSox10Dom/+mutants relative to wildtype controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sox10Dom/+mice showed regional alterations in neuron and glia proportions as well as Calretinin+ and nNOS+ neuronal subtypes. In the colon, imbalance of enteric NC derivatives correlated with the extent of aganglionosis. AllSox10Dom/+mice exhibited reduced small intestinal transit at 4-weeks of age, and at 6-weeks,Sox10Dom/+males had increased gastric emptying rates.Sox10Dom/+mice surviving to 6-weeks of age had little or no colonic inflammation when compared to wildtype littermates, suggesting that these changes in GI motility are neurally mediated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TheSox10Dommutation disrupts the balance of NC-derived lineages and affects GI motility in the proximal, ganglionated intestine of adult animals. This is the first report identifying alterations in enteric neuronal classes inSox10Dom/+mutants, which suggests a previously unrecognized role for Sox10 in neuronal subtype specification.
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Musser
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Hernan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: E Michelle
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Southard-Smith
keywords: Enteric nervous system; aganglionosis; neural crest
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