title: An ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS 5 gene mutation confers light green peel in cucumber.
abstract: The peel color of fruit is an important commercial trait in cucumber, but the underlying molecular basis is largely unknown. A mutant showing light green exocarp was discovered from ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenized cucumber line 406 with dark green exocarp. Genetic analysis showed the mutant phenotype is conferred by a single recessive gene, here designated as lgp (light green peel). By re-sequencing of bulked segregants, we identified the candidate gene Csa7G051430 encoding ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS 5 (ARC5) that plays a vital role in chloroplast division in Arabidopsis. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) causing amino acid alteration in the conserved GTPase domain of Csa7G051430 showed co-segregation with the altered phenotype. Furthermore, the transient RNA interference of this gene resulted in reduced number and enlarged size of chloroplasts, which were also observed in the lgp mutant. This evidence supports that the non-synonymous SNP in Csa7G051430 is the causative mutation for the light green peel. This study provides a new allele for cucumber breeding for light green fruits and additional resource for the study of chloroplast development.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing, 100081, China.|Agricultural Genomic Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing, 100081, China.|Agricultural Genomic Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
authors.forename: Shenhao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing, 100081, China.|Agricultural Genomic Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
authors.forename: Bowen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, 410125, China.
authors.forename: Huiming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing, 100081, China.|Agricultural Genomic Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
authors.forename: Sanwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics*; D018553:Cucumis sativus / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010858:Pigmentation / Q000235:genetics*; D034622:RNA Interference
keywords: ARC5; Cucumis sativus; ethyl methane sulfonate mutant; fruit peel color; whole genome re-sequencing