title: Data quality in diffusion tensor imaging studies of the preterm brain: a systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To study early neurodevelopment in preterm infants, evaluation of brain maturation and injury is increasingly performed using diffusion tensor imaging, for which the reliability of underlying data is paramount.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the literature to evaluate acquisition and processing methodology in diffusion tensor imaging studies of preterm infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched the Embase, Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane databases for relevant papers published between 2003 and 2013. The following keywords were included in our search: prematurity, neuroimaging, brain, and diffusion tensor imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 74 diffusion tensor imaging studies in preterm infants meeting our inclusion criteria. There was wide variation in acquisition and processing methodology, and we found incomplete reporting of these settings. Nineteen studies (26%) reported the use of neonatal hardware. Data quality assessment was not reported in 13 (18%) studies. Artefacts-correction and data-exclusion was not reported in 33 (45%) and 18 (24%) studies, respectively. Tensor estimation algorithms were reported in 56 (76%) studies but were often suboptimal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diffusion tensor imaging acquisition and processing settings are incompletely described in current literature, vary considerably, and frequently do not meet the highest standards.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia, dr. Molewaterplein 60, 3015, GJ, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, kaypieterman@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pieterman
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plaisier
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Govaert
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leemans
authors.forename: Maarten H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lequin
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dudink
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D000068598:Data Accuracy; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D065886:Neurodevelopmental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D059906:Neuroimaging; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
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