title: Case report of fatal Mycobacterium tilburgii infection.
abstract: There are few reports concerning Mycobacterium tilburgii infection in humans because this bacterium is non-cultivatable. Herein, using new molecular techniques, we report the case of an immunocompromised patient with fatal disseminated lymphadenitis that was caused by M. tilburgii.26 years old Caucasian HIV negative female patient presented with abdominal pain. Her clinical assessment revealed disseminated lymphadenitis, that was acid fast bacilli positive. Further molecular evaluation showed the causative agent as M. tilburgii. Despite anti mycobacterial therapy and careful management of intervening complications patient died because of an intraabdominal sepsis. This is the first fatal M. tilburgii infection in the literature. This case points the importance of careful management of patient's immune status and intervening infections besides implementation of effective drug treatment.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: timurselcukapinar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Timur
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akpinar
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oguz K
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Bakkaloglu
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ince
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tufan
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kose
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Genetics, DETAE, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehves
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poda
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tascioglu
authors.affiliation: Mol. TB. Epi. Lab., DETAE, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: O Kaya
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Koksalan
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saka
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nilgun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Erten
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pathology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nesimi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buyukbabani
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeki
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kilicaslan
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cemil
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tascioglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008199:Lymphadenitis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D051598:Whole Body Imaging
keywords: 16S rRNA gene sequencing; Atypical mycobacteria; Mycobacterium tilburgii