title: Knowledge, understanding, and uptake of noninvasive prenatal testing among Latina women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to assess Latina patient understanding of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and identify what factors influence uptake/refusal to NIPT to adapt counseling to the needs and interests of this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mixed-methods survey in English and Spanish administered to pregnant Latina patients throughout pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-three women participated in our study (67% response rate); 34.9% chose to do NIPT, and 65.1% declined. Approximately half of participants (44%) had an NIPT knowledge score of ≤3 out of six total questions. Two of the most significant factors influencing uptake of NIPT were a higher reported educational level (p = 0.015) and a higher NIPT knowledge score (p = 0.014); 42.9% of participants knew that NIPT only screens for certain chromosomal conditions; 39% of women who declined NIPT would never consider NIPT in the future.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One-third of Latina women elected NIPT; a higher reported educational level and language were most predictive of this choice. Overall knowledge was significantly lower for women who declined NIPT. Lower knowledge may suggest that not all women are making informed decisions because of varying degrees of informed consent. Providing culturally tailored information can help women navigate the complexities of prenatal testing in order to make decisions most aligned with their values.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.|Prenatal Diagnostics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.|Perinatal Genetics Clinic, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.|Women's and Newborn's Health Service, Genetic Services of Western Australia, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Genetics Clinic, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.|Fetal Care and Genetics Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barragan
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.|Perinatal Genetics Clinic, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Louanne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hudgins
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.|Perinatal Genetics Clinic, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002140:California; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D007802:Language; D016014:Linear Models; D062145:Maternal Serum Screening Tests / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D036301:Qualitative Research; D055815:Young Adult