title: Pre-existing structural abnormalities of the limbic system in transient global amnesia.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological findings in patients with transient global amnesia and to evaluate structural abnormalities using voxel-based morphometry. The subjects were diagnosed with transient global amnesia. For the voxel-based morphometry analyses, Statistical Parametric Mapping, running on the MATLAB platform (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA), was employed to analyze the structural differences between patients with transient global amnesia and control subjects. Eighty patients met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-three patients (29%) were men, and 57 patients (71%) were women. There were significantly more women among the transient global amnesia patients compared with the general Korean population. MRI revealed hippocampal cavities in 41 patients (51%), and the incidence of such cavities was significantly different from that of the control subjects (24%). There were no differences in the clinical factors between the patients with and without hippocampal cavities. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed in 54 patients, and 13 patients (24%) exhibited high signal intensity in the hippocampus. There were also no differences in the clinical factors between the patients with and without high signal intensities in the hippocampus on diffusion-weighted imaging. Twenty-six patients underwent three-dimensional volumetric T1-weighted imaging that produced results suitable for voxel-based morphometry, and these patients presented with gray matter volume reductions in the hippocampus, cingulum, and cerebellum. There were significant structural differences in the limbic structures between patients with transient global amnesia and the control subjects that might have contributed to vulnerability of the memory pathways of the patients with transient global amnesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae-ro 875, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-896, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kang Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering/u-HARC, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science and Technology, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hyung
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering/u-HARC, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Science and Technology, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chi Woong
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae-ro 875, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-896, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyong Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae-ro 875, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-896, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sam Yeol
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae-ro 875, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-896, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: JinSe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae-ro 875, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-896, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: epidoc@inje.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sung Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020236:Amnesia, Transient Global / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000473:pathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008032:Limbic System / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged
keywords: Amnesia; Disease susceptibility; Limbic system; Morphometry