title: B-cell-activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningoencephalitis.
abstract: The B-cell-activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are important factors for the survival of transitional and mature B cells. High levels of BAFF and APRIL are present in adults with several autoimmune diseases. However, there are few reports about BAFF and APRIL levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with meningoencephalitis. We evaluated BAFF and APRIL levels in CSF samples from patients with viral meningitis (VM) (28 patients), autoimmune encephalitis (AE) associated with antineuronal antibodies (15 patients), idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) (11 patients), herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) (9 patients), bacterial meningitis (BM) (6 patients), and cryptococcal meningitis (CM) (4 patients). The CSF BAFF levels were significantly higher in patients with HSE, BM, or VM than AE or iNPH, and significantly higher in patients with CM than iNPH. The CSF APRIL levels were significantly higher in patients with HSE or BM than AE, VM, or iNPH. Although this is a preliminary report due to within-group variation and small sample size, the data suggest that CSF BAFF and APRIL levels are increased in HSE and BM, but not AE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan; Department of Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan. Electronic address: kimura1@gifu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan; Department of Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshikura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan; Department of Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan; Department of Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan; Department of Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inuzuka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000276:immunology; D020803:Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D008587:Meningitis, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D008590:Meningoencephalitis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D053300:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D053300:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Autoantibody; Bacterial meningitis; Herpes simplex encephalitis; Inflammation; Neurology