title: Determination of chemotherapeutic drugs in human urine by capillary electrophoresis with UV and fluorimetric detection using solid-supported liquid-liquid extraction for sample clean-up.
abstract: Capillary electrophoresis was used for the rapid determination of three chemotherapeutic drugs employed to treat colorectal cancer: irinotecan, tegafur, and leucovorin, and their main metabolites (7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin and 5-fluorouracil), in human urine samples. A phosphate buffer (pH 11.34; 20 mM) was selected as the background electrolyte. A hydrodynamic injection (9 s, 30 mbar) was applied and the separation was carried out using a separation temperature and voltage of 25°C and 25 kV, respectively. A capillary with two detection windows for serial online UV and fluorescence detection was satisfactorily employed. A solid-supported liquid-liquid extraction procedure was optimized for the clean-up of the urine samples and the extraction of the analytes. Matrix effects were assessed and signal suppression was observed for three of the analytes, thus, matrix-matched calibration was used for compensating residual matrix effects on these analytes. The proposed method allows the separation and quantification of the chemotherapeutics in less than 6 min. Detection limits range between 0.01 and 0.30 mg/L. The method was satisfactorily applied to the determination of the target compounds in human urine samples, with recoveries of 92.4-107.7%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
authors.forename: María del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Hurtado-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
authors.forename: María Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Acedo-Valenzuela
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Durán-Merás
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
authors.forename: María Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Cáceres
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000652:urine*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Capillary electrophoresis/Chemotherapeutic agents/Colorectal cancer/Human urine