title: A modified milling system, using a bimodal distribution of highly resistant ceramics. Part 1. A natural hydroxyapatite study.
abstract: A careful combination of the main parameters controlling natural hydroxyapatite (NHA: Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) production such as milling techniques, sintering temperature and holding time may lead to an interesting NHA based bio-ceramics without any foreign oxide additions. In this way, an original wet milling setup has been proposed to obtain sub-micron sized NHA powders. In order to avoid any possible NHA decomposition, a precise Ca/P ratio of NHA derived from animals was selected accordingly. Also, an alternative direct visual approach of the bone age classification was also proposed. A relative density of about 95% was obtained for powders sintered at 1300°C for 2h. The best Vickers micro-hardness and 3 point bending strength values for these sintered samples, using this proposed milling system and without any additions, were 4.7±0.3GPa and 37MPa, respectively. Finally, a complete correlation between the powder microstructure and the final product properties has been established.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Exact Science, Physics Department, Ceramics Lab., Constantine University 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria. Electronic address: harabi52@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Abdelhamid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harabi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Exact Science, Physics Department, Ceramics Lab., Constantine University 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria.
authors.forename: Esma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Harabi
mesh_terms: D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D017276:Friction; D006244:Hardness; D006361:Heating; D008422:Materials Testing; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders; D016008:Statistical Distributions; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011208:Powders; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Ball milling; Bioceramics; Mechanical properties; Natural hydroxyapatite; Sintering