title: Determination of irradiation dose and distinguishing between irradiated and non irradiated fish meat by real-time PCR.
abstract: In this study, the effects of gamma irradiation on the DNA of fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by real-time PCR were studied. Fish (O. mykiss) were exposed to radiation doses of 0.250, 0.500, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 kGy in a gamma cell. Primers were designed for regions with different lengths of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and each primer was used to amplify the DNA from irradiated samples. The amplicon curves for mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, and the correlations among the curves, were obtained. The Ct values for a 519 bp region of the 18S RNA gene on nuclear DNA correlated appropriately. Radiation doses applied to the fillets were estimated using the standard curve data obtained from the correlation values, and the DNA damage caused by each dose was calculated. As a consequence, a molecular methodology to analyze irradiated fish meat qualitatively and also for the estimation of administered dose was developed. This method allowed analysis of irradiated fish, which had been stored for up to 3 months with a dose limit of approximately 0.5 kGy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey. Electronic address: ersakalar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ergün
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Şakalar
authors.affiliation: Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, İstanbul University, Laleli, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sühendan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020552:Comet Assay; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005514:Food Irradiation / Q000379:methods*; D061353:Food Storage; D005720:Gamma Rays; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000382:microbiology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004247:DNA
keywords: DNA damage; Dose estimation; Fish meat; Irradiation; Real-time PCR