title: Intranasal midazolam for the emergency management of hypercyanotic spells in tetralogy of Fallot.
abstract: The case of a 2-month-old boy with previously diagnosed tetralogy of Fallot who was brought to the emergency department with a hypercyanotic spell is described. Because partly of the difficulty of intravenous placement, especially in an infant crying with marked hypernea and deeply cyanotic, intranasal midazolam was administered. Before 3 minutes of hypernea terminated increasing the oxygen saturation successfully and intravenous line was easily placed with the baby remaining in calm. Sedation is an important step in the management of patients with cyanotic spells. Intranasal midazolam offers an alternative use as an initial method of calming the child that was effective in a patient with a severe cyanotic spell because of tetralogy of Fallot in the emergency department.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital SAS Jerez de la Frontera, †Emergency Medical Service, SAS, Chiclana de la Frontera; and ‡Facultad de Farmacia, Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesus Vallejo
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.forename: Esther Moreno
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.forename: Inmaculada Rubio
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Vallejo
authors.forename: Sergio Vallejo
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Montero
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D003490:Cyanosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam