title: Carbamate pesticide-induced apoptosis in human T lymphocytes.
abstract: We previously found that carbamate pesticides induced significant apoptosis in human natural killer cells. To investigate whether carbamate pesticides also induce apoptosis in human T lymphocytes, in the present study Jurkat human T cells were treated in vitro with thiram, maneb, carbaryl or ziram. Apoptosis was determined by FITC-Annexin-V/PI staining. To explore the mechanism of apoptosis, intracellular levels of active caspase 3 and mitochondrial cytochrome-c release were determined by flow cytometry. We found that thiram, ziram, maneb and carbaryl also induced apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner in the human T cells. However, the strength of the apoptosis-inducing effect differed among the pesticides, with the: thiram > ziram > maneb > carbaryl. Moreover, thiram significantly increased the intracellular level of active caspase 3 and caspase inhibitors significantly inhibited apoptosis. Thiram also significantly caused mitochondrial cytochrome-c release. These findings indicate that carbamate pesticides can induce apoptosis in human T cells, and the apoptosis is mediated by the activation of caspases and the release of mitochondrial cytochrome-c.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602 Japan. qing-li@nms.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602 Japan. mk831111@nms.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Maiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602 Japan. kawada@nms.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawada
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002219:Carbamates / Q000633:toxicity*; D012721:Carbaryl / Q000633:toxicity; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004125:Dimethyldithiocarbamate / Q000633:toxicity; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008344:Maneb / Q000633:toxicity; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002219:Carbamates; D004125:Dimethyldithiocarbamate; D010575:Pesticides; D008344:Maneb; D045304:Cytochromes c; D053148:Caspase 3; D012721:Carbaryl
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