title: Prevalence and correlates of anger in the community: results from a national survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the prevalence and correlates of anger in the community.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used data derived from a large national sample of the U.S. population, which included more than 34,000 adults ages 18 years and older. We defined inappropriate, intense, or poorly controlled anger by means of self-report of the following: (1) anger that was triggered by small things or that was difficult to control, (2) frequent temper outbursts or anger that lead to loss of control, or (3) hitting people or throwing objects in anger.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of inappropriate, intense, or poorly controlled anger in the U.S. population was 7.8%. Anger was especially common among men and younger adults, and was associated with decreased psychosocial functioning. Significant and positive associations were evident between anger and parental factors, childhood, and adulthood adverse events. There were strong associations between anger and bipolar disorder, drug dependence, psychotic disorder, borderline, and schizotypal personality disorders. There was a dose-response relationship between anger and a broad range of psychopathology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A rationale exists for developing screening tools and early intervention strategies, especially for young adults, to identify and help reduce anger.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Psychiatry,New York State Psychiatric Institute,College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University,New York,New York,USA.
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Psychiatry,Instituto de Investigaciones Neuropsiquiátricas Dr. López Ibor,Madrid,Spain.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Picazo
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Psychiatry,New York State Psychiatric Institute,College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University,New York,New York,USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olfson
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Psychiatry,New York State Psychiatric Institute,College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University,New York,New York,USA.
authors.forename: Deborah S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hasin
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Psychiatry,New York State Psychiatric Institute,College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University,New York,New York,USA.
authors.forename: Shang-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Psychiatry,New York State Psychiatric Institute,College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University,New York,New York,USA.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Psychiatry,New York State Psychiatric Institute,College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University,New York,New York,USA.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blanco
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020751:Alcohol-Induced Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000786:Anger; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: psychiatric comorbidity
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