title: Optimization of the processing technology of Fructus Arctii by response surface methodology.
abstract: The present study was designed to optimize the processing of Fructus Arctii by response surface methodology (RSM). Based on single factor studies, a three-variable, three-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to monitor the effects of independent variables, including processing temperature and time, on the dependent variables. Response surfaces and contour plots of the contents of total lignans, chlorogenic acid, arctiin, and arctigenin were obtained through ultraviolet and visible (UV-Vis) monitoring and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fructus Arctii should be processed under heating in a pot at 311 °C, medicine at 119 °C for 123s with flipping frequently. The experimental values under the optimized processing technology were consistent with the predicted values. In conclusion, RSM is an effective method to optimize the processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
authors.affiliation: Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Co, Ltd, Nanjing 210061, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Qi-Di
authors.initials: QD
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Co, Ltd, Nanjing 210061, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Kun-Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Bao-Jia
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Co, Ltd, Nanjing 210061, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: bccai@126.com.
authors.forename: Bao-Chang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D031170:Arctium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry*; D005663:Furans / Q000032:analysis; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D017705:Lignans / Q000032:analysis; D013499:Surface Properties; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005663:Furans; D005960:Glucosides; D017705:Lignans; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; C077992:arctiin; C071942:arctigenin
keywords: Fructus Arctii; Processing technology; Response surface methodology (RSM)