title: Hepatoprotective Effect of Silymarin (Silybum marianum) on Hepatotoxicity Induced by Acetaminophen in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.
abstract: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Silymarin (SLM) on the hypertension state and the liver function changes induced by acetaminophen (APAP) in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Animals normotensive (N) or hypertensive (SHR) were treated or not with APAP (3 g/kg, oral) or previously treated with SLM. Twelve hours after APAP administration, plasmatic levels of liver function markers: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose (GLU), gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of all groups, were determined. Liver injury was assessed using histological studies. Samples of their livers were then used to determine the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production and were also sectioned for histological analysis. No differences were observed for ALT, γ-GT, and GLU levels between SHR and normotensive rats groups. However, AST and ALP levels were increased in hypertensive animals. APAP treatment promoted an increase in ALT and AST in both SHR and N. However, only for SHR, γ-GT levels were increased. The inflammatory response evaluated by MPO activity and NO production showed that SHR was more susceptible to APAP effect, by increasing leucocyte infiltration. Silymarin treatment (Legalon) restored the hepatocyte functional and histopathological alterations induced by APAP in normotensive and hypertensive animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Abel Felipe
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0398-9550
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Freitag
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel Fernando Esteves
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Cardia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Ambrósio
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael Pazzinatto
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francielli Maria de Souza
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6840-9345
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Silva-Comar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Alexandre
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Spironello
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3644-7632
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grespan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana Martins
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Caparroz-Assef
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ciomar Aparecida
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bersani-Amado
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 870020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto Kenji Nakamura
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Cuman
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