title: ADHD and developmental speech/language disorders in late preterm, early term and term infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to compare the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of late preterm, early term and term infants while controlling for a wide range of maternal complications and comorbidities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for the study was obtained from the South Carolina Medicaid claims and vital records databases from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2003. We included infants weighing between 1500 and 4500 g, born between 34 0/7 and 41 6/7 weeks, and with no congenital anomalies. Outcome measures were based on the presence of ICD-9-CM codes for attention deficit hyperactivity disorders and developmental speech or language disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 3270 late preterm (LPIs), 11,527 early term (ETIs) and 24,005 term infants met the eligibility criteria. Rates for all outcome variables were statistically significant and elevated for LPI, but adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) were only significant for the risk of developmental speech and/or language delay (LPI: AHR 1.36 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23 to 1.50; ETI: AHR 1.27 95% CI 1.17 to 1.37).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Late preterm and early term deliveries have adverse long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes, and these outcomes should be considered when determining the timing of delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: N Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Rabie
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA [2] Center for Distance Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Magann
authors.affiliation: 1] Center for Distance Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA [2] Department of Neonatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: McKelvey
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D038801:International Classification of Diseases / Q000592:standards*; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000191:economics*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013022:South Carolina; D047929:Term Birth
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