title: Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of thyme and oregano essential oils, carvacrol, thymol, citral and trans-2-hexenal on membrane fatty acid composition and volatile molecule profile of Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis.
abstract: The aim of this work was to investigate the modifications of cell membrane fatty acid composition and volatile molecule profiles of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli, during growth in the presence of different sub-lethal concentrations of thyme and oregano essential oils as well as carvacrol, thymol, trans-2-hexenal and citral. The results evidenced that the tested molecules induced noticeable modifications of membrane fatty acid profiles and volatile compounds produced during the growth. Although specific differences in relation to the species considered were identified, the tested compounds induced a marked increase of some membrane associated fatty acids, particularly unsaturated fatty acids, trans-isomers, and specific released free fatty acids. These findings can contribute to the comprehension of the stress response mechanisms used by different pathogenic microorganisms often involved in food-borne diseases in relation to the exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of natural antimicrobials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Food Science, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siroli
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Food Science, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Patrignani
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Food Science, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Agri-food Research, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy.
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gardini
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Food Science, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Agri-food Research, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy. Electronic address: rosalba.lanciotti@unibo.it.
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lanciotti
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000081007:Cymenes; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031341:Origanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013943:Thymol / Q000494:pharmacology; D046930:Thymus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000447:Aldehydes; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000081007:Cymenes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D013943:Thymol; C051750:2-hexenal; C073316:carvacrol; C007076:citral
keywords: Essential oils; Membrane fatty acids; Natural antimicrobials; Pathogens; Volatile molecule profile