title: Does the Well-Being of Individuals with Down Syndrome and Dementia Improve When Using Life Story Books and Rummage Boxes? A Randomized Single Case Series Experiment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study investigated whether a personalized life story book and rummage box enhanced well-being and led to changes in behaviour for people with Down syndrome (DS) who have dementia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized single case series design was used with five participants who had DS and a diagnosis of dementia. Participants were invited to take part in three conditions at random (i) life story book, (ii) rummage box and (iii) no-intervention condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two reminiscence conditions were significantly associated with enhanced well-being as compared to the no-intervention condition. However, for one participant, the life story book was associated with significantly higher well-being, while for another participant, the rummage box was associated with significantly higher well-being, suggesting some participants may prefer one method over another.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Personalized life story books and rummage boxes are associated with higher levels of well-being for people with DS and dementia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.|Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Crook
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Norfolk Community Health and Care NHS Trust, Norwich, UK.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shorten
authors.affiliation: Tizard Centre, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.|Broadland Clinic, Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust - Norfolk, UK.
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Langdon
mesh_terms: D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: cognitive stimulation therapy; dementia care mapping; learning disability; neurodevelopmental disorders; reminiscence