title: Root induced changes of effective 1D hydraulic properties in a soil column.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Roots are essential drivers of soil structure and pore formation. This study aimed at quantifying root induced changes of the pore size distribution (PSD). The focus was on the extent of clogging vs. formation of pores during active root growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parameters of Kosugi's lognormal PSD model were determined by inverse estimation in a column experiment with two cover crops (mustard, rye) and an unplanted control. Pore dynamics were described using a convection-dispersion like pore evolution model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rooted treatments showed a wider range of pore radii with increasing volumes of large macropores >500 μm and micropores <2.5 μm, while fine macropores, mesopores and larger micropores decreased. The non-rooted control showed narrowing of the PSD and reduced porosity over all radius classes. The pore evolution model accurately described root induced changes, while structure degradation in the non-rooted control was not captured properly. Our study demonstrated significant short term root effects with heterogenization of the pore system as dominant process of root induced structure formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pore clogging is suggested as a partial cause for reduced pore volume. The important change in micro- and large macropores however indicates that multiple mechanic and biochemical processes are involved in root-pore interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria ; Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scholl
authors.affiliation: Computational Science Center, University of Vienna, Oskar Morgenstern-Platz 1, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leitner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kammerer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Loiskandl
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: H-P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bodner
keywords: Column experiment; Cover crops; Plant roots; Pore evolution model; Pore size distribution
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