title: Self-synthesized extracellular matrix contributes to mature adipose tissue regeneration in a tissue engineering chamber.
abstract: The development of an engineered adipose tissue substitute capable of supporting reliable, predictable, and complete fat tissue regeneration would be of value in plastic and reconstructive surgery. For adipogenesis, a tissue engineering chamber provides an optimized microenvironment that is both efficacious and reproducible; however, for reasons that remain unclear, tissues regenerated in a tissue engineering chamber consist mostly of connective rather than adipose tissue. Here, we describe a chamber-based system for improving the yield of mature adipose tissue and discuss the potential mechanism of adipogenesis in tissue-chamber models. Adipose tissue flaps with independent vascular pedicles placed in chambers were implanted into rabbits. Adipose volume increased significantly during the observation period (week 1, 2, 3, 4, 16). Histomorphometry revealed mature adipose tissue with signs of adipose tissue remolding. The induced engineered constructs showed high-level expression of adipogenic (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ), chemotactic (stromal cell-derived factor 1a), and inflammatory (interleukin 1 and 6) genes. In our system, the extracellular matrix may have served as a scaffold for cell migration and proliferation, allowing mature adipose tissue to be obtained in a chamber microenvironment without the need for an exogenous scaffold. Our results provide new insights into key elements involved in the early development of adipose tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weiqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaolian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ziqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhaowei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000473:pathology*; D011817:Rabbits; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012038:Regeneration; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014945:Wound Healing
keywords: adipose tissue regeneration; extracellular matrix; tissue engineering chamber