title: Characterization of the microbial community structure and nitrosamine-reducing isolates in drinking water biofilters.
abstract: Two biofilters were constructed using biological activated carbon (BAC) and nitrosamine-containing water from two drinking water treatment plants. The microbiome of each biofilter was characterized by 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing, and one nitrosamine-reducing bacterium was isolated. The results showed that nitrosamines changed the relative abundance at both the phylum and class levels, and the new genera were observed in the microbial communities of the two BAC filters after cultivation. As such, the genus Rhodococcus, which includes many nitrosamine-reducing strains reported in previous studies, was only detected in the BAC2 filter after cultivation. These findings indicate that nitrosamines can significantly affect the genus level in the microbial communities. Furthermore, the isolated bacterial culture Rhodococcus cercidiphylli A41 AS-1 exhibited the ability to reduce five nitrosamines (N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, and N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine) with removal ratios that ranged from 38.1% to 85.4%. The isolate exhibited a better biodegradation ability with nitrosamine as the carbon source when compared with nitrosamine as the nitrogen source. This study increases our understanding of the microbial community in drinking water biofilters with trace quantities of nitrosamines, and provides information on the metabolism of nitrosamine-reducing bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China. Electronic address: wanfengwang2010@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wanfeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Resource and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
authors.forename: Qingxiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
authors.forename: Chunyou
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002606:Charcoal; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D005374:Filtration / Q000379:methods; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D009602:Nitrosamines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002606:Charcoal
keywords: Biofilter; Microbial community; Nitrosamine-reducing bacteria; Nitrosamines; Pyrosequencing