title: Lifestyle factors and efficacy of lifestyle interventions in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with functional dyspepsia: primary care perspectives from the LEGEND study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a very common disorder worldwide, is considered to be a lifestyle disease, the pathogenic role of lifestyle factors and consequently the efficacy of lifestyle interventions, remains controversial. Lifestyle factors associated with GERD and the beneficial effect of specific recommended lifestyle interventions in the primary care setting were evaluated as a post-hoc analysis of the LEGEND study which investigated the effect of lansoprazole in patients with GERD who reported dyspeptic symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  GERD patients with dyspepsia were treated with lansoprazole 15 mg or 30 mg daily for four weeks. Reflux and dyspeptic symptoms were evaluated using patient-reported questionnaires before and four weeks after the administration of lansoprazole.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 12,653 patients, "feelings of continued stress" was the most common lifestyle factor (45.6% of patients), and >30% of the patients reported "eating sweet foods at least once every two to three days," "eating greasy foods at least once every two to three days" and "drinking coffee almost daily." Introducing lifestyle interventions had a significant effect on both reflux and dyspeptic symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lifestyle interventions are thus considered to be important in GERD patients with dyspepsia who receive a proton pump inhibitor.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haruma
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sanada
authors.forename: Shinzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hiroi
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miwa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D064747:Lansoprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D064747:Lansoprazole