title: Extended-Release Naltrexone for Alcohol and Opioid Problems in Missouri Parolees and Probationers.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the naturalistic outcomes of parolees and probationers with alcohol and/or opioid problems who were treated with extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) to those treated with other medication-assisted therapies or psychosocial treatment only. Methods consisted of using intake and discharge data collected as part of SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) assessments, controlling for group differences using propensity scores that were based on a range of intake variables. Results showed that patients receiving XR-NTX had longer durations of care (compared to oral naltrexone and psychosocial treatment only) and were more likely to become abstinent (compared to oral naltrexone, buprenorphine/naloxone, and psychosocial treatment only). Findings were similar for the total sample and those with opioid problems. These XR-NTX results were found in the absence of significant differences in rates of self-help participation. No differences were found in employment or arrests in this relatively short time frame. This study documents the real-world effectiveness study of current FDA-approved addiction medications in parolees/probationers and encourages the use of XR-NTX in such a criminal justice population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Electronic address: crits@mail.med.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Crits-Christoph
authors.affiliation: Division of Behavioral Health, Missouri Department of Mental Health, Jefferson City, MO.
authors.forename: Christie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lundy
authors.affiliation: Division of Behavioral Health, Missouri Department of Mental Health, Jefferson City, MO.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stringer
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, West Chester University, West Chester, PA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gallop
authors.affiliation: Treatment Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gastfriend
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D057237:Criminals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008923:Missouri / Q000453:epidemiology; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009271:Naltrexone
keywords: Alcohol; Extended-release naltrexone; Medication-assisted therapy; Opioids; Substance abuse