title: Tuberculosis management continues to utilize a large amount of hospital resources in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to examine longitudinal trends in hospital admissions attributed to tuberculosis and resulting hospitalization outcomes in the United States for the years 2000-2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, which is the largest all-payer and nationally representative in-hospital dataset in the United States. All hospitalizations that had a primary diagnosis for tuberculosis were selected for analysis. Patient characteristics and outcomes including discharge status following hospitalization, length of stay in hospital and hospitalization charges were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, a total of 96 431 hospitalizations occurred due to tuberculosis. The mean age of hospitalizations was 48.6 years. Males comprised 64.2% of all hospitalizations; 24.8% were Whites, 25.5% Blacks, 26.5% Hispanics, 14.3% Asians/Pacific Islanders, 1% Native Americans, and 7.9% other/mixed races. Following hospitalization, 72.1% were discharged routinely, 3.4% were transferred to another acute-care hospital, 10.7% to long-term care facilities including skilled nursing facilities, 7.6% to home health care, and 2.1% were discharged against medical advice. There were 3815 patients who died (4% of hospitalizations). The total hospitalization charge for this cohort of patients admitted due to tuberculosis across the United States was $6.96 billion and the total hospitalization days over study period was 1 419 605 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-risk cohorts who are likely to be hospitalized due to tuberculosis included Blacks and Hispanics. Majority of hospitalization comprised of males. Even though the annual number of hospitalizations reduced over the study period, substantial amounts of resources are used in hospital settings to manage tuberculosis.
authors.affiliation: College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Veerasathpurush
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Allareddy
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Sankeerth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rampa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Critical Care and Pharmacology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, University Hospitals, Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Veerajalandhar
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Allareddy
authors.affiliation: Office of Global Health, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Romesh P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Nalliah
mesh_terms: D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: epidemiology; hospitalization outcomes; hospitalizations; tuberculosis