title: Anti-Müllerian hormone as an indicator of hemi-castrated unilateral cryptorchid horses.
abstract: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a glycoprotein secreted from the fetal testis, is responsible for regression of the Müllerian duct in the male fetus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of serum AMH as a biomarker for diagnosis of cryptorchidism in horses. Serum AMH concentrations were measured in intact stallions, hemi-castrated unilateral cryptorchid stallions, and geldings. In addition, expression of AMH was characterized in cryptorchid testes by immunohistochemistry. Serum AMH was detected in intact stallions (n=11, 13.3 ± 1.8 ng/ml) and in hemi-castrated cryptorchid stallions (n=8, 17.6 ± 3.0 ng/ml), but not in geldings (n=6, all data were below the limit of detection). Immunolabeling for AMH was detected in Sertoli cells of undescended testes from cryptorchid horses as well as those of normal testes. Our findings indicate that the cryptorchid testis after hemi-castration secretes AMH and that serum AMH concentrations may be a useful biomarker for diagnosis of equine cryptorchidism.
authors.affiliation: Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
authors.forename: Harutaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murase
authors.affiliation: Yamato Kohgen Animal Medical Clinic, Osaka 583-0867, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Yamato Kohgen Animal Medical Clinic, Osaka 583-0867, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amaya
authors.affiliation: Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Reproduction Laboratory, The Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Barry Allen
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.affiliation: Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan ; Present address: Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nambo
keywords: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH); cryptorchidism; equine; testis
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