title: Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Lipoatrophy in Patients with HIV Infection in Nigeria.
abstract: Background. Although the association between lipoatrophy and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is well known, other nondrug factors may be associated with lipoatrophy in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). There are no reports of lipoatrophy from Nigeria, a country with the second largest number of PLWHA. We aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and factors associated with lipoatrophy in a cohort of patients attending the HIV clinic in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Methods. Two hundred and eighty-eight patients with HIV infection were recruited for the study. The study protocol involved administration of a questionnaire, targeted physical examination (including anthropometric indices and skin fold thickness), and bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements. Lipoatrophy was defined clinically. Results. Lipoatrophy was present in 75 (26.0%) persons. It was associated with lower body circumferences, skin fold thicknesses, and lower % body fat with preservation of skeletal muscle mass (all P < 0.05). Male gender and HAART use were the factors associated with lipoatrophy on multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Lipoatrophy is frequently encountered in patients with HIV infection in Nigeria, with HAART use conferring an added factor in its development. There is need for more physician and patient awareness of this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine University of Lagos, PMB 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Sandra Omozehio
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6448-3924
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Iwuala
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine University of Lagos, PMB 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Olufunmilayo A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Lesi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine University of Lagos, PMB 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Olufemi Adetola
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7172-7053
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Fasanmade
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, PMB 2370, Sokoto, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Anas A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sabir
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital and College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4007, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Michael Adeyemi
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Olamoyegun
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, PMB 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Okany
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