title: Sinus balloon catheter dilation in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis resistant to medical therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sinus balloon catheter dilation (SBCD) has been used for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). It is necessary to evaluate its effect on children with CRS.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of SBCD on pediatric CRS in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective case-control study was conducted from October 1, 2012, to May 31, 2013, in an academic tertiary referral hospital. Participants included a total of 79 patients, aged 7 to 12 years, with CRS resistant to medical therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical or SBCD treatment of pediatric CRS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Age, sex, and results of computed tomographic scan, SBCD (case group) or conservative treatment (control group), sinonasal-5 questionnaire (SN-5), and visual analog scale (VAS) were analyzed and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 79 of 96 patients who had complete follow-up documents were statistically analyzed (42 boys; 37 girls; mean [SD] age, 9.3 [1.7] years). Compared with the preoperative scores, the SN-5 and VAS scores in children with CRS who underwent SBCD with or without adenoidectomy were significantly lower at 3 months (2.5 vs 4.3 for SN-5; P < .001; 3.1 vs 5.2 for VAS; P < .001) and at 1 year (2.9 vs 4.3 for SN-5; P = .001; 3.1 vs 5.2 for VAS; P < .001). Both SN-5 and VAS scores in the control group were significantly decreased at 3 months (3.1 vs 4.2 for SN-5; P = .001; 3.9 vs 5.1 for VAS; P < .001) but not significantly changed at 12 months (3.8 vs 4.2 for SN-5; P = .01; 4.9 vs 5.1 for VAS; P = .54). The SN-5 and VAS scores in the SBCD group were significantly lower than those for controls at 3 months (2.5 vs 3.1 for SN-5; P = .003; 3.1 vs 3.9 for VAS; P = .01) and at 1 year after surgery (2.9 vs 3.8 for SN-5; P < .001; 3.1 vs 4.9 for VAS; P < .001). By the 12-month SN-5 score evaluation, the rates of marked, moderate, and mild improvement were significantly better in the SBCD group (52% [22 of 42], 26% [11 of 42], and 14% [6 of 42], respectively) than in the control group (14% [5 of 37], 19% [7 of 37], and 11% [4 of 37], respectively) (P < .05 for all comparisons).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SBCD procedure is a safe and effective technique for pediatric CRS resistant to medical therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Yexun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Guolin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000628:therapy*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000628:therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome