title: Phototropism in gametophytic shoots of the moss Physcomitrella patens.
abstract: Shoot phototropism enables plants to position their photosynthetic organs in favorable light conditions and thus benefits growth and metabolism in land plants. To understand the evolution of this response, we established an experimental system to study phototropism in gametophores of the moss Physcomitrella patens. The phototropic response of gametophores occurs slowly; a clear response takes place more than 24 hours after the onset of unilateral light irradiation, likely due to the slow growth rate of gametophores. We also found that red and far-red light can induce phototropism, with blue light being less effective. These results suggest that plants used a broad range of light wavelengths as phototropic signals during the early evolution of land plants.
authors.affiliation: a Biosystems Science Course; Graduate School of Life Science; Hokkaido University ; Sapporo , Japan.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Kotaro T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Tomomichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
mesh_terms: D005075:Biological Evolution; D019068:Bryopsida / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D055993:Germ Cells, Plant; D008027:Light; D018524:Phototropism; D018520:Plant Shoots
keywords: Physcomitrella patens; evolution of land plants; gametophore phototropism; shoots
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2014 Dec 1;24(23):2776-85
references.pmid: 25448003
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 1992 Sep;100(1):170-7
references.pmid: 16652942
references.citation: Planta. 1983 Nov;159(5):432-8
references.pmid: 24258296
references.citation: New Phytol. 2010 May;186(3):648-56
references.pmid: 20298479
references.citation: Plant Cell. 2002 Feb;14(2):373-86
references.pmid: 11884681
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 Jun 29;355(1398):847-55
references.pmid: 10905613
references.citation: BMC Plant Biol. 2010;10:109
references.pmid: 20550695
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2014 Mar;55(3):497-506
references.pmid: 24334375
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2014 Jan;164(1):13-23
references.pmid: 24399823
references.citation: Planta. 1968 Sep;81(3):287-302
references.pmid: 24519682
references.citation: Planta. 1983 Aug;158(4):357-64
references.pmid: 24264756
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2014 Nov;166(3):1535-45
references.pmid: 25281709
references.citation: Planta. 1998 Sep;206(1):95-102
references.pmid: 11536885
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Feb 24;101(8):2223-8
references.pmid: 14982991
references.citation: Nature. 2003 Jan 16;421(6920):287-90
references.pmid: 12529647
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Sep 21;101(38):13939-44
references.pmid: 15365180
references.citation: Plant Cell. 2013 Jan;25(1):102-14
references.pmid: 23303916
references.citation: DNA Res. 2000 Feb 28;7(1):9-17
references.pmid: 10718194
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 May 6;111(18):6672-7
references.pmid: 24733898
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 22;109(21):8310-5
references.pmid: 22566621
references.citation: Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2006;57:497-520
references.pmid: 16669772
references.citation: Evol Dev. 2008 Mar-Apr;10(2):176-86
references.pmid: 18315811
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2004 Jul;135(3):1388-97
references.pmid: 15247376
references.citation: Evolution. 2004 Mar;58(3):515-23
references.pmid: 15119436
references.citation: Planta. 1984 Jan;160(1):41-51
references.pmid: 24258370