title: Community-Engaged Public Health Research to Inform Hospital Campus Planning in a Low Socioeconomic Status Urban Neighborhood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare sociodemographic and motivational factors for healthcare use and identify desirable health-promoting resources among groups in a low socioeconomic status (SES) community in Chicago, IL.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Disparities in health services and outcomes are well established in low SES urban neighborhoods in the United States and many factors beyond service availability and quality impact community health. Yet there is no clear process for engaging communities in building resources to improve population-level health in such locales.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hospital building project led to a partnership of public health researchers, architects, and planners who conducted community-engaged research. We collected resident data and compared factors for healthcare use and choice and likelihood of engaging new health-promoting services.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neighborhood areas were strongly associated with ethnic groupings, and there were differences between groups in healthcare choice and service needs, such as, proximity to home was more important to Latinos than African Americans in choice of healthcare facility ( p adj = .001). Latinos expressed higher likelihood to use a fitness facility ( p adj = .001). Despite differences in vehicle ownership, >75% of all respondents indicated that nearby public transportation was important in choosing healthcare.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Knowledge of community needs and heterogeneity is essential to decision makers of facility and community development plans. Partnerships between public health, urban planning, architecture, and local constituents should be cultivated toward focus on reducing health disparities. Further work to integrate community perspectives through the planning and design process and to evaluate the long-term impact of such efforts is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Social & Behavioral Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA HDR Architecture, Omaha, NE, USA jeri.brittin@unmc.edu.
authors.forename: Jeri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brittin
authors.affiliation: HDR Architecture, Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elijah-Barnwell
authors.affiliation: Community and Regional Planning, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Yunwoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Social & Behavioral Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Araz
authors.affiliation: HDR Architecture, Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Bethany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Friedow
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Social & Behavioral Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jameton
authors.affiliation: College of Architecture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Social & Behavioral Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA School of Public Health, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Terry T-K
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002641:Chicago; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006752:Hospital Planning / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054525:Minority Health; D009042:Motivation; D011204:Poverty Areas; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: community health; health disparities; health needs assessment; healthcare architecture; multidisciplinary research; public health; urban planning