title: Protective effects of Radix Astragali injection on multiple organs of rats with obstructive jaundice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of Radix Astragali Injection on multiple organs of rats with obstructive jaundice (OJ).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 180 rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated, model control and treated groups (60 in each group). On 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after operation, the serum contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), r-glutamyl transpeptidase (r-GT), total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CREA) were determined. And the pathological changes of livers, kidneys and lungs, and protein expressions of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) of livers, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) of lungs, Bax and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), as well as apoptotic indexes of multiple organs were observed, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pathological severity scores of multiple organs (including livers on 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, kidneys on 14 and 28 days, and lungs on 14 days), serum contents of ALT (14 and 21 days), AST (14 days), TBil (7, 14, 21 and 28 days), DBil (14 and 21 days), BUN (28 days), protein expressions of TLR-4 (in livers, 28 days), Bax (in livers and kidneys, 21 days), and apoptotic indexes in livers (7 and 21 days) in the treated group were significantly lower than those in the model control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radix Astragali Injection exerts protective effects on multiple organs of OJ rats by improving the pathological changes of lung, liver and kidney, decreasing the serum index of hepatic and renal function as well as inhibiting the protein expression of TLR-4 and Bax in the livers and Bax in the kidneys.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Chongming Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 202150, China.
authors.forename: Zhe-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China. zxp99688@sina.com.
authors.forename: Xi-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
authors.forename: Di-Jiong
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, 50010, USA.
authors.forename: Hong-Hao
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Bi
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D027885:Astragalus propinquus; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007267:Injections; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C027492:Huang Qi; D003404:Creatinine; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D001663:Bilirubin
keywords: Chinese medicine; Radix Astragali Injection; apoptosis; immunohistochemistry; multiple organ dysfunction; obstructive jaundice; tissue microarray
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