title: Mechanisms of the induction of apoptosis mediated by radiation-induced cytokine release.
abstract: The aim of the present work was to investigate the mechanisms of radiation-induced bystander signalling leading to apoptosis in non-irradiated co-cultured cells. Cultured non-transformed cells were irradiated, and the effect on the apoptosis rate on co-cultured non-irradiated malignant cells was determined. For this, two different levels of the investigation are presented, i.e. release of signalling proteins and transcriptomic profiling of the irradiated and non-irradiated co-cultured cells. Concerning the signalling proteins, in this study, the attention was focussed on the release of the active and latent forms of the transforming growth factor-β1 protein. Moreover, global gene expression profiles of non-transformed and transformed cells in untreated co-cultures were compared with those of 0.5-Gy-irradiated non-transformed cells co-cultured with the transformed cells. The results show an effect of radiation on the release of signalling proteins in the medium, although no significant differences in release rates were detectable when varying the doses in the range from 0.25 to 1 Gy. Moreover, gene expression results suggest an effect of radiation on both cell populations, pointing out specific signalling pathways that might be involved in the enhanced induction of apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy gabriele.babini@unipv.it.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Babini
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy.
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Bellinzona
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Forlanini 14, Pavia I-27100, Italy.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morini
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baiocco
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mariotti
authors.affiliation: Research Unit of Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ottolenghi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000473:pathology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D051381:Rats; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta