title: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of "on-demand" tramadol for treatment of premature ejaculation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to assess the dose-related effects of tramadol on a group of patients with premature ejaculation (PE).
  
  
  METHODS
  During the period of months between June 2010 and July 2012, 180 PE patients presented to outpatient clinic of our hospital. Patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 fashion to receive different sequences of the three medications: placebo, 50 mg of tramadol and 100 mg of tramadol. Every patient received 10 doses of each medication for 2 months. Intra-vaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) was recorded in seconds initially and for each arm. Successful treatment of PE is defined if IELT exceeded 120 s. Side-effects of medications were reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of patients enrolled, 125 (69.4%) continued the study. Patients' age range was 20-55 years with PE complaint of 1 to 10 years duration. Mean IELT was 72 at presentation, 82 for placebo, 150 for tramadol 50 mg, and 272 for tramadol 100 mg (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). PE was successfully treated in only 2.4% of patients with placebo, in contrast to 53.6% and 85.6% with 50 and 100 mg tramadol, respectively (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, baseline IELT was the only predictor of successful treatment of PE with both tramadol 50 mg (odds ratio [OR]: 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.07, P < 0.001) and tramadol 100 mg (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04-1.11, P < 0.001). Postmicturition dribble annoyed 12.8% of those who received 50 mg tramadol and 33.6% of those who received 100 mg tramadol (P < 0.001). Weak scanty ejaculation was the main complaint in 7.2% versus 21.6% of those using 50 and 100 mg tramadol, respectively (P = 0.002). Two patients discontinued tramadol 100 mg due to side-effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tramadol hydrochloride exhibits a significant dose-related efficacy and side-effects over placebo for treatment of PE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmad A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Elderwy
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sherief
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abulsorour
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Venorology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sara M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Safwat
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Altaher
keywords: Intra-vaginal ejaculatory latency time; premature ejaculation; tramadol hydrochloride
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