title: Directional Emission from Metal-Dielectric-Metal Structures: Effect of Mixed Metal Layers, Dye Location and Dielectric Thickness.
abstract: Metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) structures provide directional emission close to the surface normal, which offers opportunities for new design formats in fluorescence based applications. The directional emission arises due to near-field coupling of fluorophores with the optical modes present in the MDM substrate. Reflectivity simulations and dispersion diagrams provide a basic understanding of the mode profiles and the factors that affect the coupling efficiency and the spatial distribution of the coupled emission. This work reveals that the composition of the metal layers, the location of the dye in the MDM substrate and the dielectric thickness are important parameters that can be chosen to tune the color of the emission wavelength, the angle of observation, the angular divergence of the emission and the polarization of the emitted light. These features are valuable for displays and optical signage.
authors.affiliation: Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
authors.forename: Sharmistha Dutta
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.affiliation: Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland Baltimore, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.
authors.forename: Ramachandram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Badugu
authors.affiliation: Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland Baltimore, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.
authors.forename: Krishanu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.affiliation: Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland Baltimore, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lakowicz
keywords: Cavity-Mode-Coupled Emission; Directional Emission; Dispersion; Metal-Dielectric-Metal; Surface-Plasmon-Coupled Emission
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