title: The topical treatment of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis with the tincture of thioxolone plus benzoxonium chloride (Thio-Ben) along with cryotherapy: a single-blind randomized clinical trial.
abstract: A simple efficacious topical treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is still an unresolved challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the topical use of thioxolone plus benzoxonium chloride (Thio-Ben) tincture in combination with cryotherapy in comparison with intralesional meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) along with cryotherapy in treating anthroponotic CL (ACL). The study was conducted in Leishmaniasis Center in Dadbin Health Care Clinic, Kerman, Iran. Sixty-four CL lesions were randomly assigned to receive Thio-Ben plus cryotherapy (TC) (n = 32) or Glucantime plus cryotherapy (GC) (n = 32). Thio-Ben was used topically every other day and Glucantime was used intralesionally once a week for a maximum of 3 months. In both study groups, cryotherapy was administered using liquid nitrogen once every 2 weeks. Of 64 recruited lesions, 47 lesions completed the study protocol. Twenty lesions (91%) in TC group and 23 lesions (92%) in GC group showed complete cure. TC group showed faster clinical response. Pain, hypersensitivity reaction, dizziness, and nausea were only seen in GC group. This study showed that the topical use of Thio-Ben combined with cryotherapy has a good efficacy in treating ACL with the benefit that Thio-Ben has more patient compliance and less side effects than intralesional Glucantime.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Daie Parizi
authors.affiliation: Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karvar
authors.affiliation: Kerman Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sharifi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahrampour
authors.affiliation: Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Amireh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heshmat Khah
authors.affiliation: Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rahnama
authors.affiliation: Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Baziar
authors.affiliation: Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Rezvan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amiri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017679:Cryotherapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D007783:Lactones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007783:Lactones; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C013850:benzoxonium chloride; C009474:thioxolone; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate
keywords: Thio-Ben; anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis; topical treatment