title: Chromatids segregate without centrosomes during Caenorhabditis elegans mitosis in a Ran- and CLASP-dependent manner.
abstract: During mitosis, chromosomes are connected to a microtubule-based spindle. Current models propose that displacement of the spindle poles and/or the activity of kinetochore microtubules generate mechanical forces that segregate sister chromatids. Using laser destruction of the centrosomes during Caenorhabditis elegans mitosis, we show that neither of these mechanisms is necessary to achieve proper chromatid segregation. Our results strongly suggest that an outward force generated by the spindle midzone, independently of centrosomes, is sufficient to segregate chromosomes in mitotic cells. Using mutant and RNAi analysis, we show that the microtubule-bundling protein SPD-1/MAP-65 and BMK-1/kinesin-5 act as a brake opposing the force generated by the spindle midzone. Conversely, we identify a novel role for two microtubule-growth and nucleation agents, Ran and CLASP, in the establishment of the centrosome-independent force during anaphase. Their involvement raises the interesting possibility that microtubule polymerization of midzone microtubules is continuously required to sustain chromosome segregation during mitosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Cell, University of Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5239, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Wallis
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nahaboo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Cell, University of Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5239, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zouak
authors.affiliation: Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology, CSIC-Junta de Andalucia, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Askjaer
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Cell, University of Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5239, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France marie.delattre@ens-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delattre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002842:Chromatids; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D016547:Kinesins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism*; D020931:ran GTP-Binding Protein
chemical_list: C575826:CLS-2 protein, C elegans; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C495574:SPD-1 protein, C elegans; C000605617:BMK-1 protein, C elegans; D016547:Kinesins; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; C000605781:RAN-1 protein, C elegans; D020931:ran GTP-Binding Protein
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