title: Tautomerizable β-ketonitrile copolymers for bone tissue engineering: Studies of biocompatibility and cytotoxicity.
abstract: β-Ketonitrile tautomeric copolymers have demonstrated tunable hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity properties according to surrounding environment, and mechanical properties similar to those of human bone tissue. Both characteristic properties make them promising candidates as biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. Based on this knowledge we have designed two scaffolds based on β-ketonitrile tautomeric copolymers which differ in chemical composition and surface morphology. Two of them were nanostructured, using an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template, and the other two obtained by solvent casting methodology. They were used to evaluate the effect of the composition and their structural modifications on the biocompatibility, cytotoxicity and degradation properties. Our results showed that the nanostructured scaffolds exhibited higher degradation rate by macrophages than casted scaffolds (6 and 2.5% of degradation for nanostructured and casted scaffolds, respectively), a degradation rate compatible with bone regeneration times. We also demonstrated that the β-ketonitrile tautomeric based scaffolds supported osteoblastic cell proliferation and differentiation without cytotoxic effects, suggesting that these biomaterials could be useful in the bone tissue engineering field.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP (1900), 47 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
authors.forename: M Laura
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lastra
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP (1900), 47 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. Electronic address: silvinamolinuevo@yahoo.com.ar.
authors.forename: M Silvina
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Molinuevo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT-La Plata, CC16 suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; Laboratorio de Estudio de Compuestos Orgánicos (LADECOR), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, 47 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Giussi
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Estudio de Compuestos Orgánicos (LADECOR), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, 47 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
authors.forename: Patricia E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Allegretti
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Blaszczyk-Lezak
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mijangos
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT-La Plata, CC16 suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. Electronic address: gcortizo@infta.unlp.edu.ar.
authors.forename: M Susana
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cortizo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007536:Isomerism; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009570:Nitriles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010316:Particle Size; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D009570:Nitriles
keywords: Biocompatibility; Bone tissue engineering; Cytotoxicity assays; Tautomeric copolymer