title: Modelling the spread of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in a beef cattle herd and its impact on herd productivity.
abstract: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a common pathogen of cattle herds that causes economic losses due to reproductive disorders in breeding cattle and increased morbidity and mortality amongst infected calves. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of BVDV spread on the productivity of a beef cow-calf herd using a stochastic model in discrete time that accounted for (1) the difference in transmission rates when animals are housed indoors versus grazing on pasture, (2) the external risk of disease introductions through fenceline contact with neighboring herds and the purchase of infected cattle, and (3) the risk of individual pregnant cattle generating persistently infected (PI) calves based on their stage in gestation. The model predicted the highest losses from BVDV during the first 3 years after disease was introduced into a naive herd. During the endemic phase, the impact of BVDV on the yearly herd productivity was much lower due to herd immunity. However, cumulative losses over 10 years in an endemic situation greatly surpassed the losses that occurred during the acute phase. A sensitivity analysis of key model parameters revealed that herd size, the duration of breeding, grazing, and selling periods, renewal rate of breeding females, and the level of numerical productivity expected by the farmer had a significant influence on the predicted losses. This model provides a valuable framework for evaluating the impact of BVDV and the efficacy of different control strategies in beef cow-calf herds.
authors.forename: Alix
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Damman
authors.forename: Anne-France
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Viet
authors.forename: Sandie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arnoux
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Guerrier-Chatellet
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ezanno
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012098:Reproduction; D012621:Seasons; D013269:Stochastic Processes
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 2000 Nov 15;77(1-2):137-43
references.pmid: 11042407
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2010 Nov 1;97(2):83-9
references.pmid: 20850882
references.citation: Vet Q. 2003 Mar;25(1):1-16
references.pmid: 12670010
references.citation: J Vet Diagn Invest. 2011 Mar;23(2):194-205
references.pmid: 21398437
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011 Jul 12;366(1573):1975-86
references.pmid: 21624918
references.citation: Vet Res. 2012;43:11
references.pmid: 22325043
references.citation: Jpn J Vet Res. 2012 Feb;60 Suppl:S31-9
references.pmid: 22458198
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2013 Jan 1;108(1):28-37
references.pmid: 22878124
references.citation: Biologicals. 2013 Jan;41(1):31-8
references.pmid: 22890128
references.citation: J Anim Sci. 2013 Jan;91(1):413-24
references.pmid: 23048148
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2013 Nov 1;112(3-4):285-95
references.pmid: 24012354
references.citation: Vet J. 2013 Dec;198(3):631-7
references.pmid: 24269107
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2014 Mar 1;113(4):492-503
references.pmid: 24360189
references.citation: Biologicals. 2003 Jun;31(2):113-8
references.pmid: 12770541
references.citation: Vet J. 2004 Mar;167(2):143-9
references.pmid: 14975388
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2004 May 14;63(3-4):211-36
references.pmid: 15158572
references.citation: Am J Vet Res. 1971 Apr;32(4):533-44
references.pmid: 5164965
references.citation: Vet Rec. 1980 Jun 7;106(23):473-9
references.pmid: 6255660
references.citation: Can J Comp Med. 1984 Apr;48(2):156-61
references.pmid: 6326980
references.citation: Vet Rec. 1985 Sep 7;117(10):240-5
references.pmid: 4095876
references.citation: J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987 Jun 1;190(11):1449-58
references.pmid: 3038804
references.citation: Zentralbl Veterinarmed A. 1989 Jan;36(1):15-23
references.pmid: 2497602
references.citation: Vet Rec. 1993 Jun 19;132(25):622-6
references.pmid: 8394609
references.citation: Vet Rec. 1993 Jul 10;133(2):39-43
references.pmid: 8212473
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 1999 Jan;64(2-3):197-222
references.pmid: 10028173
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 1999 Apr 19;66(3):197-207
references.pmid: 10227122
references.citation: Anim Health Res Rev. 2005 Jun;6(1):63-74
references.pmid: 16164009
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2005 Nov 15;72(1-2):183-7; discussion 215-9
references.pmid: 16169618
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2005 Nov 15;72(1-2):109-14; discussion 215-9
references.pmid: 16169620
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2005 Nov 15;72(1-2):209-13; discussion 215-9
references.pmid: 16242196
references.citation: Rev Sci Tech. 2006 Dec;25(3):961-79
references.pmid: 17361763
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2007 Jun 15;80(1):49-64
references.pmid: 17303270
references.citation: Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Jul;135(5):706-21
references.pmid: 17109768
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2008 Mar 17;83(3-4):285-96
references.pmid: 17904667
references.citation: Vet Res. 2008 Sep-Oct;39(5):39
references.pmid: 18346451
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2010 Mar 1;93(4):265-75
references.pmid: 20022648
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 2010 Apr 21;142(1-2):119-28
references.pmid: 19875250
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 2010 Apr 21;142(1-2):129-36
references.pmid: 19942381
references.citation: Prev Vet Med. 2010 Jun 1;95(1-2):86-98
references.pmid: 20304508
references.citation: Vet J. 2010 Aug;185(2):138-43
references.pmid: 19709915
references.citation: Vet J. 2003 Mar;165(2):125-30
references.pmid: 12573600