title: The chromatin remodelers RSC and ISW1 display functional and chromatin-based promoter antagonism.
abstract: ISWI family chromatin remodelers typically organize nucleosome arrays, while SWI/SNF family remodelers (RSC) typically disorganize and eject nucleosomes, implying an antagonism that is largely unexplored in vivo. Here, we describe two independent genetic screens for rsc suppressors that yielded mutations in the promoter-focused ISW1a complex or mutations in the 'basic patch' of histone H4 (an epitope that regulates ISWI activity), strongly supporting RSC-ISW1a antagonism in vivo. RSC and ISW1a largely co-localize, and genomic nucleosome studies using rsc isw1 mutant combinations revealed opposing functions: promoters classified with a nucleosome-deficient region (NDR) gain nucleosome occupancy in rsc mutants, but this gain is attenuated in rsc isw1 double mutants. Furthermore, promoters lacking NDRs have the highest occupancy of both remodelers, consistent with regulation by nucleosome occupancy, and decreased transcription in rsc mutants. Taken together, we provide the first genetic and genomic evidence for RSC-ISW1a antagonism and reveal different mechanisms at two different promoter architectures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Parnell
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States.
authors.forename: Alisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schlichter
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States.
authors.forename: Boris G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States.
authors.forename: Bradley R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Cairns
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009707:Nucleosomes; D020033:Protein Isoforms; C103337:RSC complex, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C470546:ISW1 protein, S cerevisiae
keywords: ISWI; RSC; S. cerevisiae; chromatin; chromosomes; genes; nucleosome; remodeler
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