title: Puerarin protects against damage to spatial learning and memory ability in mice with chronic alcohol poisoning.
abstract: We evaluated the effect of puerarin on spatial learning and memory ability of mice with chronic alcohol poisoning. A total of 30 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into model, puerarin, and control groups (n=10 each). The model group received 60% (v/v) ethanol by intragastric administration followed by intraperitoneal injection of normal saline 30 min later. The puerarin group received intragastric 60% ethanol followed by intraperitoneal puerarin 30 min later, and the control group received intragastric saline followed by intraperitoneal saline. Six weeks after treatment, the Morris water maze and Tru Scan behavioral tests and immunofluorescence staining of cerebral cortex and hippocampal neurons (by Neu-N) and microglia (by Ib1) were conducted. Glutamic acid (Glu) and gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) in the cortex and hippocampus were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β were determined by ELISA. Compared with mice in the control group, escape latency and distance were prolonged, and spontaneous movement distance was shortened (P<0.05) by puerarin. The number of microglia was increased in both the cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus (P<0.01), and neurons were reduced only in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (P<0.01) in puerarin-treated mice. In the model group, Glu and GABA levels decreased (P<0.05), and Glu/GABA, TNF-α, and IL-1β increased (P<0.01) with puerarin treatment, returning to near normal levels. In conclusion, puerarin protected against the effects of chronic alcohol poisoning on spatial learning and memory ability primarily because of anti-inflammatory activity and regulation of the balance of Glu and GABA.
authors.affiliation: China Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Technology, College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.
authors.forename: S Q
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: China Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Technology, College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: China Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Technology, College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: China Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Technology, College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Technology, College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: China Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Technology, College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.
authors.forename: P X
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: X M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000431:Ethanol / Q000506:poisoning*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D007529:Isoflavones; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000431:Ethanol; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C033607:puerarin
references.citation: Physiol Res. 2005;54(3):341-8
references.pmid: 15588163
references.citation: Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1998 Jul;19(4):339-42
references.pmid: 10375780
references.citation: Nat Protoc. 2006;1(2):848-58
references.pmid: 17406317
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Sep 25;113(3):421-6
references.pmid: 17698307
references.citation: Phytomedicine. 2007 Oct;14(10):652-8
references.pmid: 17870452
references.citation: Exp Neurol. 2008 Apr;210(2):349-58
references.pmid: 18190912
references.citation: Exp Neurol. 2008 Sep;213(1):10-7
references.pmid: 18625499
references.citation: Alcohol Alcohol. 2009 Jul-Aug;44(4):372-81
references.pmid: 19487491
references.citation: Lancet. 2009 Jun 27;373(9682):2223-33
references.pmid: 19560604
references.citation: Ann Epidemiol. 2010 Sep;20(9):670-5
references.pmid: 20696406
references.citation: Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2010 Sep;36(9):1027-35
references.pmid: 20545508
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 Sep;666(1-3):242-50
references.pmid: 21651907
references.citation: Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2011 Nov;96(4):596-608
references.pmid: 21256970
references.citation: Hippocampus. 2000;10(1):122-30
references.pmid: 10706223
references.citation: Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2001 Aug;36(1):60-90
references.pmid: 11516773
references.citation: Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2002 Dec;23(12):1142-51
references.pmid: 12466052
references.citation: Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2002 Jan;22(1):21-4
references.pmid: 12585165
references.citation: Neuropharmacology. 2004 Mar;46(4):570-9
references.pmid: 14975681
references.citation: Alcohol Res Health. 2003;27(2):186-96
references.pmid: 15303630
references.citation: Free Radic Biol Med. 1988;4(5):317-30
references.pmid: 2966094
references.citation: Science. 1992 Oct 9;258(5080):241-3
references.pmid: 1357748
references.citation: J Pineal Res. 1993 May;14(4):151-68
references.pmid: 8102180
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Jun 15;786:120-34
references.pmid: 8687014
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Nov 28;1362(1):77-86
references.pmid: 9434102
references.citation: Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2012 Sep;5(3):243-53
references.pmid: 23030352
references.citation: Toxicology. 2013 Apr 5;306:16-23
references.pmid: 23395825
references.citation: Alcohol. 2013 Jun;47(4):309-16
references.pmid: 23683528
references.citation: Prog Neurobiol. 1999 Apr;57(6):563-81
references.pmid: 10221782
references.citation: Prog Neurobiol. 1999 Jun;58(3):233-47
references.pmid: 10341362
references.citation: Glia. 2007 Apr 1;55(5):483-96
references.pmid: 17203475