title: Age-dependent sex difference of the incidence and mortality of status epilepticus: a twelve year nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan.
abstract: Status epilepticus (SE) is a serious neurologic emergency associated with a significant mortality. The objective of this study is to investigate its epidemiology in terms of age- and sex-specific incidences and mortality. By using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database during 2000 to 2011, we identified hospitalized patients with a discharged diagnosis of SE and calculated the incidence and in-hospital mortality of SE with respect to age and sex. The overall incidence of SE was 4.61 per 100,000 person-years, which displayed a "J-shaped" distribution by age with a little higher under the age of 5 and highest over 60 years. The male-to-female rate ratio was 1.57 and it demonstrated a "mountain-shape" across ages with the peak at 45 to 49 years old. The in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in males (7.38%) than in females (11.12%) with an odds ratio of 0.64 (95% CI 0.56-0.72). Notably, the in-hospital mortality for females increased rapidly after the age of 40 to 45 years. The multivariate analysis found males had a significantly lower risk of mortality than females after, but not before, 45 years of age with an odds ratio of 0.56 (95% CI 0.49-0.65). Sex and age are crucial factors associated with the incidence and in-hospital mortality of SE. The females over 45 years of age have a higher risk of occurrence and mortality from SE. The underlying mechanism deserves further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi city, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chung Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Science and Management, Chia-Yi, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheung-Ter
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi city, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shew-Meei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi city, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Fang
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi city, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Sin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi city, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Solomon Chih-Cheng
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
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