title: Smoking, antioxidant supplementation and dietary intakes among older adults with age-related macular degeneration over 10 years.
abstract: We aimed to compare the micronutrient usage and other lifestyle behaviors over 10 years among those with and without age-related macular degeneration (AMD). 1612 participants aged 49+ years at baseline were re-examined over 10 years, west of Sydney, Australia. AMD was assessed from retinal photographs. Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Smoking status was self-reported. 56 participants had any AMD at baseline, of these 25% quit smoking at 5 years and were still not smoking at 10-year follow-up. Among participants who had below the recommended intake of vitamins A, C or E supplements at baseline, those who did compared to those who did not develop late AMD over 10 years were more likely to report vitamins A (total), C or E supplement intake above the recommended intake at 10-year follow-up: multivariable-adjusted OR 4.21 (95% CI 1.65-10.73); OR 6.52 (95% CI 2.76-15.41); and OR 5.71 (95% CI 2.42-13.51), respectively. Participants with compared to without AMD did not appreciably increase fish, fruit and vegetable consumption and overall diet quality. Adherence to smoking and dietary recommendations was poor among older adults with AMD. However, uptake of antioxidant supplements increased significantly among those with late AMD.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Bamini
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gopinath
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney and St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Victoria M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Flood
authors.affiliation: Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kifley
authors.affiliation: Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liew
authors.affiliation: Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants
references.citation: JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Feb;132(2):142-9
references.pmid: 24310343
references.citation: Br J Nutr. 2013 Feb 14;109(3):547-55
references.pmid: 22571690
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2000 Dec;107(12):2224-32
references.pmid: 11097601
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 2001 Oct;119(10):1417-36
references.pmid: 11594942
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2002 Jun;109(6):1092-7
references.pmid: 12045049
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 2003 Nov;121(11):1621-4
references.pmid: 14609922
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Jan;127(1):188-99
references.pmid: 3337073
references.citation: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1989 Feb;30(2):304-9
references.pmid: 2914758
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 1996 Mar;103(3):357-64
references.pmid: 8600410
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 1995 Oct;102(10):1450-60
references.pmid: 9097791
references.citation: Aust N Z J Public Health. 1998 Jun;22(4):456-63
references.pmid: 9659773
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2005 Apr;112(4):533-9
references.pmid: 15808240
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 2005 Nov;123(11):1484-98
references.pmid: 16286610
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 2005 Nov;123(11):1570-4
references.pmid: 16286620
references.citation: Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2006 Jan-Feb;34(1):9-14
references.pmid: 16451252
references.citation: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Jul;54(7):1130-5
references.pmid: 16866687
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2007 Jan;114(1):92-8
references.pmid: 17198852
references.citation: Public Health Nutr. 2008 Jun;11(6):573-80
references.pmid: 17956640
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2008 Jun;115(6):1032-1038.e4
references.pmid: 18096234
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Oct;88(4):1104-10
references.pmid: 18842800
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2009 Mar 1;169(5):633-41
references.pmid: 19074778
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2009 Feb 23;169(4):335-41
references.pmid: 19237716
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 2009 May;127(5):656-65
references.pmid: 19433717
references.citation: Retina. 2010 Sep;30(8):1166-70
references.pmid: 20827137
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 2011 Jun;129(6):758-66
references.pmid: 21670343
references.citation: Clin Exp Optom. 2012 Nov;95(6):590-8
references.pmid: 22882362
references.citation: Acta Ophthalmol. 2013 Feb;91(1):6-11
references.pmid: 22268800
references.citation: JAMA. 2013 May 15;309(19):2005-15
references.pmid: 23644932
references.citation: Can J Ophthalmol. 2013 Jun;48(3):204-9
references.pmid: 23769783