title: Impact of hydrolysis conditions on the detection of mannuronic to guluronic acid ratio in alginate and its derivatives.
abstract: Alginate is a linear and acidic polysaccharide, composed of (1 → 4) linked β-D-mannuronic acid (ManA) and α-L-guluronic acid (GulA). The ratio of ManA to GulA (M/G) is one of the most important factors for the application of alginate and its derivatives in various areas. In this work, a robust and accurate method was developed to analyze M/G using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). The impact of hydrolysis conditions on the release patterns of ManA and GulA from alginate and its derivatives was investigated. The release patterns of ManA and GulA need to be considered separately to obtain an accurate M/G. Several hydrolysis conditions were established that released ManA and GulA completely and maintained these saccharide residues intact. The proper M/G of alginates from different sources and its derivatives could then be calculated by integration of the corresponding ManA and GulA peaks.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jiaojiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China. Electronic address: qdzx08@163.com.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Chengling
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Naiyu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Linhardt
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: z_zhang@suda.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhenqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; C007896:guluronic acid; C008324:mannuronic acid
keywords: Alginate; HPAEC-PAD; Hydrolysis conditions; Ratio of mannuronic to guluronic acid (M/G)