title: Bioactive gyroid scaffolds formed by sacrificial templating of nanocellulose and nanochitin hydrogels as instructive platforms for biomimetic tissue engineering.
abstract: A sacrificial templating process using lithographically printed minimal surface structures allows complex de novo geo-metries of delicate hydrogel materials. The hydrogel scaffolds based on cellulose and chitin nanofibrils show differences in terms of attachment of human mesenchymal stem cells, and allow their differentiation into osteogenic outcomes. The approach here serves as a first example toward designer hydrogel scaffolds viable for biomimetic tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jose Guillermo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Torres-Rendon
authors.affiliation: DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.|Chemical Process Engineering AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Turmstr. 46, D-52064, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Femmer
authors.affiliation: DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Laporte
authors.affiliation: DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tigges
authors.affiliation: DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Khosrow
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gremse
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zafarnia
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Wiltrud
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lederle
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 101-4 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori, 680-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ifuku
authors.affiliation: DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.|Chemical Process Engineering AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Turmstr. 46, D-52064, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wessling
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.affiliation: DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walther
mesh_terms: D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D002686:Chitin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D020100:Hydrogels; D014867:Water; D002686:Chitin; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: 3D printing; cellulose nanofibrils; chitin nanofibrils; hydrogel scaffolds; stem cells