title: THE EFFECTS OF XANTHOTOXIN ON THE BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF Galleria mellonella L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE).
abstract: The effects of a dietary plant allelochemical, xanthotoxin (XA), on survivorship, development, male and female adult longevity, fecundity, and hatchability of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella L. were investigated. Oxidative stress indicators, the lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein oxidation products, protein carbonyl (PCO) contents, and activities of a detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity were determined in wax moth adults. The insect was reared from first-instar larvae on an artificial diets containing XA at 0.001, 0.005, or 0.1% to adult stage in laboratory conditions. Relative to the controls, the diets containing XA concentrations led to decreased survivorship in seventh instar, pupal, and adult stages. Compared to control diet (77.7%), the highest dietary XA concentration decreased survivorship to adulthood to 11.0%. The highest XA concentration (0.1%) reduced female longevity from 10.4 to 5.7 days and decreased egg numbers from 95.0 to 33.5 and hatchability from 82.7 to 35.6%. The lowest XA concentration (0.001%) led to about a sixfold increase in MDA content. XA at high concentrations (0.005 and 0.1%) increased MDA (by threefold) and protein carbonyl (by twofold) contents decreased GST activity. The highest dietary XA concentration decreased GST activity from 0.28 ± 0.025 to 0.16 ± 0.005 μmol/mg protein/min. We infer from these findings that XA-induced oxidative stress led to decreased biological fitness.
authors.affiliation: Ahmet Erdoğan Vocational School of Health Services, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erdem
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ender
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Büyükgüzel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008136:Longevity; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008730:Methoxsalen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009036:Moths / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D011679:Pupa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D008730:Methoxsalen
keywords: GST; Galleria mellonella; fecundity; oxidative stress; protein carbonyl; survivorship; xanthotoxin