title: Imbalance of pro- vs. anti-coagulation factors in Chinese patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome and non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The coagulation abnormalities in non-cirrhotic Budd-Chiari syndrome (NC-BCS) and non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis (NC-PVT) are unclear. We conducted this case-control study to investigate the coagulation profile of NC-BCS and NC-PVT in Chinese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the levels of factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, protein C (PC), protein S (PS) and antithrombin (AT) in blood samples from 37 NC-BCS patients, 74 NC-PVT patients, and 100 healthy controls. The levels and ratios of pro- and anti-coagulation factors were compared between patients with NC-BCS and healthy controls, between different types of NC-BCS and between NC-PVT and healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with NC-BCS, factor VIII (P<0.001) was significantly elevated; factor V (P<0.001), VII (P<0.001), IX (P = 0.003), X (P<0.001), XI (P<0.001), XII (P<0.001), PC (P<0.001) and AT (P<0.001) were significantly decreased; and no difference was observed for factor II (P = 0.088) and PS (P = 0.199) compared with healthy controls. Factor VIII-to-PC (P = 0.008), factor VIII-to-PS (P = 0.037) and factor VIII-to-AT (P = 0.001) were significantly increased; other ratios were significantly reduced or did not show any difference. No differences were observed between different types of NC-BCS for individual pro- and anti-coagulation factors or the ratios between them. Among patients with NC-PVT, factor VIII (P<0.001) was significantly elevated and other factors were significantly decreased. Factor II-to-PC (P<0.001), factor VIII-to-PC (P<0.001), factor IX-to-PC (P<0.001), factor VIII-to-PS (P<0.001), factor II-to-AT (P<0.001), factor VIII-to-AT (P<0.001) and factor IX-to-AT (P<0.001) were significantly increased; all other ratios for NC-PVT were significantly reduced or did not show any significant difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NC-BCS and NC-PVT are associated with elevated levels of factor VIII and the decreased levels of PC and AT were probably the most significant features of coagulation imbalance. Additionally, NC-PVT was associated with decreased levels of PS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Disease and Digestive Interventional Radiology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Disease and Digestive Interventional Radiology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Disease and Digestive Interventional Radiology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Xingshun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Disease and Digestive Interventional Radiology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Chuangye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Disease and Digestive Interventional Radiology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Zhanxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Disease and Digestive Interventional Radiology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Feifei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Daiming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Disease and Digestive Interventional Radiology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Guohong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000097:blood; D044466:Asian People; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006502:Budd-Chiari Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011169:Portal Vein; D011486:Protein C / Q000378:metabolism; D017293:Protein S / Q000378:metabolism; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000991:Antithrombins; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D011486:Protein C; D017293:Protein S; D005169:Factor VIII
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