title: Promoting active commuting to school through environmental and policy supports in Buffalo, New York.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children in Buffalo, New York, have limited opportunities for safe, enjoyable physical activity. The Healthy Kids, Healthy Communities-Buffalo partnership established in 2009 created environmental and policy supports to facilitate physical activity among youth.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article uses a mixed-methods approach to document environment and policy changes in support of active commuting to school. Built environment data were collected using a pre-post research design with the Street Design Environmental Audit Tool. Supplementary sources of information include Geographic Information Systems, US Census data, and property parcel data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This exploratory study found modest improvements in the built environment during the period of assessment. Specifically, sidewalk conditions were improved. In addition, assessment of citywide policy indicates that systemic supports for active living have been put into place through the new (proposed) land use plan and the proposed zoning ordinance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exploratory evaluation results suggest that Healthy Kids, Healthy Communities-Buffalo partnership was able to make some environmental and policy changes to promote active transportation. A long-term assessment is required to develop a fuller understanding of how environmental and policy changes impact active transportation.
authors.affiliation: School of Architecture and Planning, University at Buffalo, State University of New York (Dr Raja and Mr Norton); GObike Buffalo, Buffalo, New York (Mr Booth and Ms Crowell); and Buffalo Niagara Medical Campus, Inc, Buffalo, New York (Mss Hersher Gouck and Bonaro).
authors.forename: Samina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raja
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: J Travis
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: Beverly
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Crowell
authors.forename: Jessie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gouck
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bonaro
mesh_terms: D004779:Environment Design / Q000592:standards; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D015438:Health Behavior; D006291:Health Policy; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009518:New York; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods; D014186:Transportation / Q000592:standards*