title: Ultrasound imaging of the musculocutaneous nerve of infants, preschool children, and school children.
abstract: The purpose of this imaging study was to investigate whether the musculocutaneous nerve could be visualized ultrasonographically in childhood and to assess how its visualization changes with age. Forty-two children participated in this prospective imaging study. The musculocutaneous nerve was sought both proximally (near the axillary artery) and distally (within the coracobrachialis muscle) by use of an linear ultrasound probe. Location of the musculocutaneous nerve was good (93 %) for all the children, both proximally and distally. For school-aged children, distal visualization of the musculocutaneous nerve reached 100 %. The musculocutaneous nerve is detectable in childhood by use of ultrasonography; success of detection was high for all the age groups examined.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 1 Rimini Str, Chaidari, 12462, Athens, Greece. matsota@yahoo.gr.
authors.forename: Paraskevi K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Matsota
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 1 Rimini Str, Chaidari, 12462, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Tilemachos M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Paraskevopoulos
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 1 Rimini Str, Chaidari, 12462, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kalimeris
authors.affiliation: 3rd Pediatric Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Polyxeni N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Nicolaidou
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 1 Rimini Str, Chaidari, 12462, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgia G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Kostopanagiotou
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation*; D009138:Musculocutaneous Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Children; Infants; Musculocutaneous nerve; Ultrasonography
references.citation: Korean J Anesthesiol. 2014 Nov;67(5):310-6
references.pmid: 25473459
references.citation: J Anesth. 2013 Feb;27(1):109-23
references.pmid: 23007903
references.citation: Paediatr Anaesth. 2000;10(1):35-9
references.pmid: 10632907
references.citation: Radiology. 2003 May;227(2):309-13
references.pmid: 12732691
references.citation: Anesth Analg. 2010 Jun 1;110(6):1729-34
references.pmid: 20435937
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2000 Nov;82(8):1140-2
references.pmid: 11132274
references.citation: Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2006 Aug;65(3):228-31
references.pmid: 16988921
references.citation: Can J Anaesth. 1992 Jul;39(6):583-6
references.pmid: 1643681
references.citation: Anesthesiology. 2010 Feb;112(2):473-92
references.pmid: 20068455
references.citation: Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005 Jul-Aug;30(4):385-90
references.pmid: 16032591
references.citation: Br J Anaesth. 2009 Oct;103(4):606-12
references.pmid: 19700445
references.citation: Skeletal Radiol. 2011 May;40(5):609-16
references.pmid: 20931188