title: Protective effect of oroxylin A against lipopolysaccharide and/or D-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oroxylin A, a natural flavonoid isolated from Scutellariae baicalensis, has been reported to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacologic activities. However, the effects of oroxylin A on liver injury are poor understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of oroxylin A on acute liver injury in mice induced by lipopolysaccharide and/or D-galactosamine (LPS and/or D-GalN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice acute liver injury model was induced by LPS (50 μg/kg) and/or GalN (800 mg/kg). Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, hepatic tissue histology, malondialdehyde content, and myeloperoxidase activity were analyzed. Meanwhile, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression were detected by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that oroxylin A dose-dependently inhibited LPS and/or GalN-induced serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels. Hepatic malondialdehyde content and myeloperoxidase activity were also suppressed by oroxylin A. We also found that oroxylin A inhibited LPS and/or GalN-induced toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and NF-κB activation. In addition, oroxylin A upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in a dose-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, oroxylin A protected against LPS and/or GalN-induced liver injury through activating Nrf2 and inhibiting TLR4 signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. Electronic address: lijingyuanlb@163.com.
authors.forename: Jingyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005688:Galactosamine / Q000633:toxicity; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D017114:Liver Failure, Acute / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D016328:NF-kappa B; C495636:Nfe2l2 protein, mouse; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C080669:5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one; D005688:Galactosamine; D009195:Peroxidase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: LPS; NF-κB; Nrf2; Oroxylin A; TLR4