title: Interactions between default mode and control networks as a function of increasing cognitive reasoning complexity.
abstract: Successful performance of challenging cognitive tasks depends on a consistent functional segregation of activity within the default-mode network, on the one hand, and control networks encompassing frontoparietal and cingulo-opercular areas on the other. Recent work, however, has suggested that in some cognitive control contexts nodes within the default-mode and control networks may actually cooperate to achieve optimal task performance. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine whether the ability to relate variables while solving a cognitive reasoning problem involves transient increases in connectivity between default-mode and control regions. Participants performed a modified version of the classic Wason selection task, in which the number of variables to be related is systematically varied across trials. As expected, areas within the default-mode network showed a parametric deactivation with increases in relational complexity, compared with neural activity in null trials. Critically, some of these areas also showed enhanced connectivity with task-positive control regions. Specifically, task-based connectivity between the striatum and the angular gyri, and between the thalamus and right temporal pole, increased as a function of relational complexity. These findings challenge the notion that functional segregation between regions within default-mode and control networks invariably support cognitive task performance, and reveal previously unknown roles for the striatum and thalamus in managing network dynamics during cognitive reasoning.
authors.affiliation: Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hearne
authors.affiliation: Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cocchi
authors.affiliation: Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre and Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zalesky
authors.affiliation: Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.|School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Jason B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Mattingley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology*; D013850:Thinking / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cognitive control; connectivity; default-mode; networks; reasoning; relational complexity
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