title: Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticle and poly(ɛ-caprolactone) electrospun scaffold characterization for skeletal muscle regeneration.
abstract: Injuries to peripheral nerves and/or skeletal muscle can cause scar tissue formation and loss of function. The focus of this article is the creation of a conductive, biocompatible scaffold with appropriate mechanical properties to regenerate skeletal muscle. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles (Np) were electrospun with poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) to form conductive scaffolds. During electrospinning, ribboning, larger fiber diameters, and unaligned scaffolds were observed with increasing PEDOT amounts. To address this, PEDOT Np were sonicated prior to electrospinning, which resulted in decreased conductivity and increased mechanical properties. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were added to the 1:2 solution in an effort to increase conductivity. However, the addition of MWCNT had little effect on scaffold conductivity, and the elastic modulus and yield stress of the scaffold increased as a result. Rat muscle cells attached and were active on the 1-10, 1-2, 3-4, and 1-1 PCL-PEDOT scaffolds; however, the 3-4 scaffolds had the lowest level of metabolic activity. Although the scaffolds were cytocompatible, further development of the fabrication method is necessary to produce more highly aligned scaffolds capable of promoting skeletal muscle cell alignment and eventual regeneration.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854.
authors: Kristin D
authors: KD
authors: McKeon-Fischer
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854.
authors: Daniel P
authors: DP
authors: Browe
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854.
authors: Ronke M
authors: RM
authors: Olabisi
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854.
authors: Joseph W
authors: JW
authors: Freeman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000187:drug effects; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D005453:Fluorescence; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011091:Polyesters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; C121383:poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene); C016240:polycaprolactone
keywords: conductive nanoparticles; electrospinning; fibrous scaffolds; poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); poly(ɛ-caprolactone)