title: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Children With Hematologic Malignancies.
abstract: Since its original description 2 decades ago, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome has been reported in children with several predisposing conditions. Epidemiologic data of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with hematologic malignancies is still scarce. Herein, we describe the clinical and radiologic features along with the outcome and follow-up of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome complicating the treatment of children with hematologic malignancies. Ten patients with a median age of 6.3 years were diagnosed with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Six of them were undergoing chemotherapy and the remaining 4 were at 37, 52, 78, and 857 days after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The median follow-up was 27.6 months. Even though follow-up imaging showed complete resolution of abnormalities in those 10 children, 2 developed secondary epilepsy. Despite accurate diagnosis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and immediate intervention, neurologic sequelae may still develop. Thus, a close follow-up should be considered in all patients.
authors: Department of Onco Hematology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal marcio.tavares@ipoporto.min-saude.pt.
authors: Márcio
authors: M
authors: Tavares
authors: Division of Neuro Radiology, Department of Radiology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Mavilde
authors: M
authors: Arantes
authors: Department of Onco Hematology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Sérgio
authors: S
authors: Chacim
authors: Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.
authors: António Campos
authors: AC
authors: Júnior
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Armando
authors: A
authors: Pinto
authors: Department of Onco Hematology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.
authors: José Mário
authors: JM
authors: Mariz
authors: Department of Neurology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Sonin
authors: Department of Neurology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: allogenic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant; children; epilepsy; hematologic malignancies; neurologic complications