title: Rapid analysis of ractopamine in pig tissues by dummy-template imprinted solid-phase extraction coupling with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: Ritodrine has similar skeleton structure to ractopamine and it was selected as the dummy-template molecule to synthesize the molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs). The MIPs exhibited better selectivity to ractopamine than to the dummy-template molecule: the imprint factor for ractopamine was 8.9, while 7.6 for ritodrine. The MIPs were used as sorbents in solid-phase extraction for selective enrichment of ractopamine, and some key parameters were optimized. After that, a rapid surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method was developed for analysis of ractopamine and isoxuprine in pig tissue samples. Under the optimal conditions, good linearity was achieved in the range of 20.0-200.0 μg/L for ractopamine and isoxsuprine at 842 cm(-1) and 993 cm(-1), respectively. The limits of detection were 3.1-4.3 μg/L, which were lower than the maximum allowed by U. S. Food and Drug Administration. The recoveries of ractopamine and isoxsuprine were 72.4-79.7% and 71.0-78.2% for the spiked pork and pig liver, respectively, while the relative standard deviations ranging from 7.4% to 13.0%. The results suggest that the proposed method is sensitive and selective, and it has good potential on the quantitative analysis of trace amounts of β-agonists in complex samples.
authors: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. Electronic address: xiaoxhua@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors: Xiaohua
authors: X
authors: Xiao
authors: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors: Kuanglin
authors: K
authors: Yan
authors: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors: Xianfang
authors: X
authors: Xu
authors: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. Electronic address: cesgkl@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors: Gongke
authors: G
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D007556:Isoxsuprine / Q000032:analysis*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry*; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000379:methods*; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000032:analysis*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010627:Phenethylamines; D011108:Polymers; C060897:ractopamine; D007556:Isoxsuprine
keywords: Dummy-template; Molecularly imprinted polymers; Pig tissues; Ractopamine; Solid-phase extraction; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy