title: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) by-products and their valuable components: a review.
abstract: The large amount of waste produced by the food industries causes serious environmental problems and also results in economic losses if not utilized effectively. Different research reports have revealed that food industry by-products can be good sources of potentially valuable bioactive compounds. As such, the mango juice industry uses only the edible portions of the mangoes, and a considerable amount of peels and seeds are discarded as industrial waste. These mango by-products come from the tropical or subtropical fruit processing industries. Mango by-products, especially seeds and peels, are considered to be cheap sources of valuable food and nutraceutical ingredients. The main uses of natural food ingredients derived from mango by-products are presented and discussed, and the mainstream sectors of application for these by-products, such as in the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetic industries, are highlighted.
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: jahurul@ucsiuniversity.edu.my.
authors: M H A
authors: MH
authors: Jahurul
authors: Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University, Kuantan Campus, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Electronic address: zaidul@iium.edu.my.
authors: I S M
authors: IS
authors: Zaidul
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Kashif
authors: K
authors: Ghafoor
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Fahad Y
authors: FY
authors: Al-Juhaimi
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors: Kar-Lin
authors: KL
authors: Nyam
authors: School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
authors: N A N
authors: NA
authors: Norulaini
authors: Faculty of Science, International Islamic University, Kuantan Campus, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Sahena
authors: School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
authors: A K
authors: AK
authors: Mohd Omar
mesh_terms: D005525:Food-Processing Industry / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D031022:Mangifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Bioactive compounds; Cocoa butter replacers; Mango by-products; Mango seed and peel; Mango seed fats