title: Difference in the electromyographic onset of the deep and superficial multifidus during shoulder movement while standing.
abstract: Based on the current literature, it remains unclear whether electromyographic onset of the deep fibers of the multifidus (DM) is dependent on the direction of shoulder movement and the position of the center of foot pressure (CFP). In the present study, we re-examined the electromyographic onset of the DM during shoulder flexion and extension and investigated the influence of the CFP position before arm movement. Intramuscular and surface electrodes recorded the electromyographic onset of the DM, superficial fibers of the multifidus (SM), rectus abdominis, and anterior and posterior deltoid. Eleven healthy participants performed rapid, unilateral shoulder flexion and extension in response to audio stimuli at three CFP positions: quiet standing, extreme forward leaning, and extreme backward leaning. It was found that the electromyographic onset of the DM and SM relative to the deltoid was dependent on the direction of arm movement. Additionally, of all electromyographic onsets recorded, only that of the DM occurred earlier in the extreme forward leaning position than in the extreme backward leaning position during shoulder flexion. These results suggest that the electromyographic onset of DM was influenced by the biomechanical disturbance such as shoulder movement and CFP position.
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Physical Therapy Science, Faculty of Human Sciences Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Teppei
authors: T
authors: Abiko
authors: Division of Physical Therapy Science, Faculty of Human Sciences Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Physical Therapy, Tokyo Metropolitan Rehabilitation Hospital, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Ryota
authors: R
authors: Shimamura
authors: Division of Physical Therapy Science, Faculty of Human Sciences Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Human Health Sciences, Mejiro University, Saitama-shi, Saitama, Japan.
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Ogawa
authors: Division of Physical Therapy, Senri Chuo Hospital, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Abiko
authors: Division of Physical Therapy Science, Faculty of Human Sciences Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Physical Therapy, Tokyo Metropolitan Rehabilitation Hospital, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Hirosawa
authors: Center for Biosciences and Informatics, Graduate School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Natsumi
authors: N
authors: Momose
authors: Center for Biosciences and Informatics, Graduate School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Wataru
authors: W
authors: Tsuchihashi
authors: Center for Biosciences and Informatics, Graduate School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Takaharu
authors: T
authors: Suzuki
authors: Division of Physical Therapy Science, Faculty of Human Sciences Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Takei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D064170:Paraspinal Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture; D011312:Pressure; D012782:Shoulder / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult