title: The enhanced anticoagulation for graphene induced by COOH(+) ion implantation.
abstract: Graphene may have attractive properties for some biomedical applications, but its potential adverse biological effects, in particular, possible modulation when it comes in contact with blood, require further investigation. Little is known about the influence of exposure to COOH(+)-implanted graphene (COOH(+)/graphene) interacting with red blood cells and platelets. In this paper, COOH(+)/graphene was prepared by modified Hummers' method and implanted by COOH(+) ions. The structure and surface chemical and physical properties of COOH(+)/graphene were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurement. Systematic evaluation of anticoagulation, including in vitro platelet adhesion assays and hemolytic assays, proved that COOH(+)/graphene has significant anticoagulation. In addition, at the dose of 5 × 10(17) ions/cm(2), COOH(+)/graphene responded best on platelet adhesion, aggregation, and platelet activation.
authors: Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China.
authors: Xiaoqi
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China.
authors: Ye
authors: Y
authors: Cao
authors: Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China.
authors: Mengli
authors: M
authors: Zhao
authors: Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China.
authors: Jianhua
authors: J
authors: Deng
authors: Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China.
authors: Xifei
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China.
authors: Dejun
authors: D
authors: Li
keywords: Anticoagulation; Carboxyl; Graphene; Ion implantation