title: Effects of non-equilibrium plasma in the treatment of ligature-induced peri-implantitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of non-equilibrium plasma in the treatment of ligature-induced peri-implantitis in beagle dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six beagles received 12 implants installed in the position of the fourth mandibular premolars. Ligature-induced peri-implantitis was initiated at 3 months post-implantation. When approximately 40% of the supporting bone was lost, the ligatures were removed. The implants were subjected to the muco-periosteal scaling and chlorhexidine irrigation with or without plasma irrigation. Three months later, clinical, radiographic and microbiological analyses were performed. Block biopsies were prepared for micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis. The primary outcome was the difference in bone healing of peri-implant sites, and the secondary outcomes included changes in clinical parameters (SBI, PD) and bacterial detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, no significant differences were observed between the two groups. At 3 months post-treatment, the plasma group showed a significantly higher bone level than the control group (p < 0.05), a significantly decreased detection of bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia) (p < 0.05), and a significant improvement in clinical examination (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of this study, non-equilibrium plasma treatment as an adjunct to the conventional therapy is a feasible approach for the treatment of peri-implantitis.
authors: Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Shi
authors: Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Ke
authors: K
authors: Song
authors: Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
authors: Xincai
authors: X
authors: Zhou
authors: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Zilan
authors: Z
authors: Xiong
authors: Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Tianfeng
authors: T
authors: Du
authors: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Xinpei
authors: X
authors: Lu
authors: Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Yingguang
authors: Y
authors: Cao
mesh_terms: D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015921:Dental Implants; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013357:Subgingival Curettage / Q000379:methods; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D015921:Dental Implants; D058626:Plasma Gases; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: animal experiment; dental implants; infections; non-equilibrium plasma; peri-implantitis