title: Isolation, identification and cytotoxicity of a new noroleanane-type triterpene saponin from Salicornia bigelovii Torr.
abstract: Salicornia bigelovii Torr. has been consumed not only as a popular kind of vegetable, but also as a medicinal plant to treat hypertension, cephalalgia, scurvy and cancer. The present study was designed to investigate its chemical components and cytotoxic activity. A new noroleanane-type triterpene saponin, bigelovii C (1), was separated and purified from Salicornia bigelovii Torr., along with four known triterpene saponins 2-5. The structure of bigelovii C was elucidated as 3-O-(6-O-butyl ester)-β-D-glucuropyranosyl-23-aldehyde-30-norolean-12, 20 (29)-dien-28-oic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, according to various spectroscopic analysis and chemical characteristics. Besides Compounds 3 and 5, bigelovii C had potent cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines, MCF7 (breast cancer), Lovo (colon cancer) and LN229 (glioblastoma), especially MCF7. Bigelovii C inhibited the growth of MCF7 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the percentage of apoptotic cells significantly increased upon bigelovii C treatment. Rh123 staining assay indicated that bigelovii C reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. The mechanism of cell death by bigelovii C may be attributed to the downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax, cleaved caspase-9, caspase-7 and PARP. These results suggested that bigelovii C may impart health benefits when consumed and should be regarded as a potential chemopreventative agent for cancer.
authors: College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. tube1031aaa@126.com.|Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. tube1031aaa@126.com.
authors: Fuqin
authors: F
authors: Guan
authors: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. wangqizhi2003@126.com.
authors: Qizhi
authors: Q
authors: Wang
authors: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. wangmingwm0208@sina.com.
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Wang
authors: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. shanyu79@126.com.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Shan
authors: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. chenyu.1007@163.com.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. epmin@sohu.com.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Yin
authors: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. Zyyc163@163.com.
authors: Youyi
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. fengxucnbg@cnbg.net.|Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. fengxucnbg@cnbg.net.
authors: Xu
authors: X
authors: Feng
authors: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. liufeiseu@163.com.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Liu
authors: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China. zjh13805171132@126.com.
authors: Jianhua
authors: J
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D057949:Streptophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes