title: Overexpression of a Populus trichocarpa H+-pyrophosphatase gene PtVP1.1 confers salt tolerance on transgenic poplar.
abstract: The Arabidopsis vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase (AVP1) has been well studied and subsequently employed to improve salt and/or drought resistance in herbaceous plants. However, the exact function of H(+)-pyrophosphatase in woody plants still remains unknown. In this work, we cloned a homolog of type I H(+)-pyrophosphatase gene, designated as PtVP1.1, from Populus trichocarpa, and investigated its function in both Arabidopsis and poplar. The deduced translation product PtVP1.1 shares 89.74% identity with AVP1. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed a ubiquitous expression pattern of PtVP1.1 in various tissues, including roots, stems, leaves and shoot tips. Heterologous expression of PtVP1.1 rescued the retarded-root-growth phenotype of avp1, an Arabidopsis knock out mutant of AVP1, on low carbohydrate medium. Overexpression of PtVP1.1 in poplar (P. davidiana × P. bolleana) led to more vigorous growth of transgenic plants in the presence of 150 mM NaCl. Microsomal membrane vesicles derived from PtVP1.1 transgenic plants exhibited higher H(+)-pyrophosphatase hydrolytic activity than those from wild type (WT). Further studies indicated that the improved salt tolerance was associated with a decreased Na(+) and increased K(+) accumulation in the leaves of transgenic plants. Na(+) efflux and H(+) influx in the roots of transgenic plants were also significantly higher than those in the WT plants. All these results suggest that PtVP1.1 is a functional counterpart of AVP1 and can be genetically engineered for salt tolerance improvement in trees.
authors: College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China 264025 National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032 Present address: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Tang
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Li
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032.
authors: H H
authors: HH
authors: Wang
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032.
authors: Y L
authors: YL
authors: Jin
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032.
authors: C M
authors: CM
authors: Jiang
authors: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Bao
authors: College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China 264025.
authors: H Y
authors: HY
authors: Su
authors: College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua-East Road, Beijing, China 100083.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Zhao
authors: College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua-East Road, Beijing, China 100083.
authors: X J
authors: XJ
authors: Ma
authors: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, China 210093.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua-East Road, Beijing, China 100083.
authors: S L
authors: SL
authors: Chen
authors: College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China 264025 chengxianhao@sohu.com hxzhang@sippe.ac.cn.
authors: X H
authors: XH
authors: Cheng
authors: College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China 264025 National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032 chengxianhao@sohu.com hxzhang@sippe.ac.cn.
authors: H X
authors: HX
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007477:Ions; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D032107:Populus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D054712:Salinity; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012964:Sodium; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Arabidopsis; Na+ and K+ distribution; transgenic plants