title: Removal efficiency of calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament with RinsEndo system in comparison with passive ultrasonic irrigation, an in vitro study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Different techniques have been introduced to improve removing the calcium hydroxide intra-canal dressing. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and RinsEndo system in the removal of calcium hydroxide from root canal system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Access cavities were prepared in 50 single-rooted anterior teeth. Cleaning and shaping were done using the Flexmaster rotary system up to size no. 30, 6%. The canals were filled with injectable calcium hydroxide (calcipex). After 7 days, the calcium hydroxide were retrieved using RinsEndo system in Group 1 (n = 20), with PUI system in Group 2 (n = 20). In positive control group (n = 5), no irrigation was performed. In negative control group (n = 5), root canals were not filled with any medicament. Following the removal of the calcium hydroxide with these two systems, teeth were split buccolingually into two sections and every third of the root canals was evaluated under stereomicroscope (×30) to analyze the residual medicament in each segment. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in the removal of calcium hydroxide between RinsEndo and PUI at cervical (P = 0.67), middle (P = 0.51) and apical (P = 0.75) part of the root canals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  None of the irrigation techniques was able to completely remove calcium hydroxide from the root canal system.
authors: Torabinejad Dental Research Center and Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Abbass Ali
authors: AA
authors: Khademi
authors: Department of Endodontics, Khorasgan Islamic Azad Dental School, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Kamal
authors: K
authors: Amini
authors: Department of Endodontics, Khorasgan Islamic Azad Dental School, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Behnaz
authors: B
authors: Ghodsian
authors: Department of Endodontics, Khorasgan Islamic Azad Dental School, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Sharare Mousavi
authors: SM
authors: Zahed
authors: Department of Periodontics, Khorasgan Islamic Azad Dental School, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Faraz
authors: F
authors: Teymori
authors: Dental Materials Research Center and Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Elham
authors: E
authors: Shadmehr
keywords: Calcium hydroxide; RinsEndo; irrigation system; passive ultrasonic irrigation