title: Reporting Organ Trafficking Networks: A Survey-Based Plea to Breach the Secrecy Oath.
abstract: Patients travel worldwide to purchase kidneys. Transplant professionals can play a role in identifying kidney purchase. However, due to the tension between their rights and obligations, a lack of understanding and knowledge exists on how to prevent and report purchase. We present the results of a national survey that describes transplant professionals' experiences, attitudes, behaviors, conflicts of duties, legal knowledge and needs for guidelines toward patients who purchase kidneys abroad. Second, we clarify professionals' rights and obligations regarding organ purchase and propose actions that they can take to report purchase. Of the 100/241 (42%) professionals who treated patients who traveled to a country outside the European Union for a kidney transplant, 31 (31%) were certain that patients purchased kidneys. Sixty-five (65%) had suspicions that patients had bought kidneys. The majority reported a conflict of duties. Eighty percent reported a need for guidelines. Professionals can help prevent organ purchase by disclosing information about organ trafficking networks to law enforcement. Such disclosure can support the investigation and prosecution of networks. We offer key components for guidelines on disclosure of these networks.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Ambagtsheer
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: L J
authors: LJ
authors: Van Balen
authors: Department of Public Health, Radboud University Nijmegen, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: W L J M
authors: WL
authors: Duijst-Heesters
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: E K
authors: EK
authors: Massey
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Weimar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003219:Confidentiality; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care / Q000592:standards; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064877:Organ Trafficking; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000592:standards; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000592:standards
keywords: Donors and donation; ethics; ethics and public policy kidney transplantation; kidney transplantation: living donor; nephrology; organ sale; trade