title: Multifunctional hollow gold nanoparticles designed for triple combination therapy and CT imaging.
abstract: Hollow gold nanoparticles (HGNP) are a novel class of hybrid metal nanoparticles whose unique optical and morphological properties have spawned new applications including more effective cancer therapy. The shell thickness of HGNPs can tune the surface plasmon resonance to the near infrared light, resulting in photothermal ablation of tumors with optimal light penetration in tissue. The hollow cavity within a HGNP is able to accommodate a high payload of chemotherapeutic agents. They have also been used for enhancing radiosensitization in tumors during radiotherapy due to the high X-ray absorption capability of gold particles. However, no report has yet been published that utilize HGNPs for the triple combination therapy and CT imaging. In this study, we synthesized HGNPs which exhibit better response to radiation for therapy and imaging and demonstrated the effects of combined chemotherapy, thermal and radiotherapy. This combination strategy presented delayed tumor growth by 4.3-fold and reduced tumor's weight by 6.8-fold compared to control tumors. In addition, we demonstrated the feasibility of HGNP as a CT imaging agent. It is expected that translating these capabilities to human cancer patients could dramatically increase the antitumor effect and potentially overcome resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation.
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Jaesook
authors: J
authors: Park
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Park
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Eun Jin
authors: EJ
authors: Ju
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Seok Soon
authors: SS
authors: Park
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Jinhyang
authors: J
authors: Choi
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Jae Hee
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Kyoung Jin
authors: KJ
authors: Lee
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Seol Hwa
authors: SH
authors: Shin
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Eun Jung
authors: EJ
authors: Ko
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Intae
authors: I
authors: Park
authors: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, South Korea.
authors: Chulhee
authors: C
authors: Kim
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea; Asan Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Jung Jin
authors: JJ
authors: Hwang
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
authors: Jung Shin
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea. Electronic address: coocoori@amc.seoul.kr.
authors: Si Yeol
authors: SY
authors: Song
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea; Asan Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea. Electronic address: syj@amc.seoul.kr.
authors: Seong-Yun
authors: SY
authors: Jeong
authors: Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea; Center for Development and Commercialization of Anti-cancer Therapeutics, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea. Electronic address: ekchoi@amc.seoul.kr.
authors: Eun Kyung
authors: EK
authors: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D017209:Apoptosis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006046:Gold / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D012995:Solubility; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D047368:Tumor Burden; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D003287:Contrast Media; D004337:Drug Carriers; C468783:H2AX protein, human; D006657:Histones; D006046:Gold; D004317:Doxorubicin
keywords: Chemotherapy; Gold nanoparticles; Hyperthermia; Radiosensitization