title: Impact of interventions to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage intake in children and adults: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) have been stressed as relevant targets of public health interventions considering the negative outcomes derived from their excessive intake. Though the evidence from published literature grows to support a cause-and-effect association of SSBs with obesity and other diseases, little is known on the effectiveness that strategies alone or as part of multi-component programmes have had to influence this particular dietary behaviour across all ages. Therefore, this review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effect that interventions have had to decrease their consumption or increase water intake in children and adults so as to guide the design of future programmes and inform policy making.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included studies in this review will be randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental interventions (with a control group) that have reported baseline and post-intervention intakes of SSBs or water and that have been published from 1990 in any language. A thorough search will be performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane's central register of controlled trials, and the Global Health Library. Two independent reviewers will conduct initial screening of potentially included articles and will later extract data to analyse domains of intervention design and delivery (with emphasis on behaviour change techniques used as rationale), as well as results in changes on consumption patterns and behavioural determinants. Internal and external validity of each study will also be appraised. A meta-analysis will be performed if a sufficient number of studies are available, and if not, a narrative review will be conducted instead.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this review aim to strengthen public health initiatives tackling obesity through improvements in non-alcoholic drinking patterns. As a subject of growing attention globally, this review will help determine which strategies available are the most effective in different contexts. Knowledge gained from this work will also aid resource allocation in future research and government agendas.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  
  CRD42014013436 .
authors: Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. fsejvg@leeds.ac.uk.
authors: Elisa J
authors: EJ
authors: Vargas-Garcia
authors: Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. c.e.l.evans@leeds.ac.uk.
authors: Charlotte
authors: C
authors: El Evans
authors: Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. j.e.cade@leeds.ac.uk.
authors: Janet E
authors: JE
authors: Cade
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages; D002648:Child; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004032:Diet; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004326:Drinking; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012107:Research Design; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000078202:Systematic Reviews as Topic; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D013549:Sweetening Agents