title: In ovo delivery of CpG DNA reduces avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus induced mortality and morbidity.
abstract: Endosomal toll-like receptor-21 and -9 sense CpG DNA activating production of pro-inflammatory mediators with antimicrobial effects. Here, we investigated the induction of antiviral response of in ovo delivered CpG DNA against infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) infection. We found that in ovo delivered CpG DNA significantly reduces ILTV infection pre-hatch correlating with the expression of IL-1β and increase of macrophages in lungs. As assessed in vitro, CpG DNA stimulated avian macrophages could be a potential source of IL-1β and other pro-inflammatory mediators. Since we also found that in ovo CpG DNA delivery maintains increased macrophages in the lungs post-hatch, we infected the chickens on the day of hatch with ILTV. We found that in ovo delivered CpG DNA significantly reduces mortality and morbidity resulting from ILTV infection encountered post-hatch. Thus, CpG DNA can be a candidate innate immune stimulant worthy of further investigation for the control of ILTV infection in chickens.
authors: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C64, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. sthapa@ucalgary.ca.
authors: Simrika
authors: S
authors: Thapa
authors: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C64, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. mmczub@ucalgary.ca.
authors: Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul
authors: MS
authors: Cader
authors: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C64, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. kalamathy6@gmail.com.
authors: Kalamathy
authors: K
authors: Murugananthan
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. enagy@ovc.uoguelph.ca.
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Nagy
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. shayan@uoguelph.ca.
authors: Shayan
authors: S
authors: Sharif
authors: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C64, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. mmczub@ucalgary.ca.
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Czub
authors: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C64, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. faizal.abdulcareem@ucalgary.ca.
authors: Mohamed Faizal
authors: MF
authors: Abdul-Careem
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D001352:Herpesvirus 1, Gallid / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015053:Zygote / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D016207:Cytokines; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides