title: Issues in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Aldosteronism.
abstract: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is associated with a high rate of cardio- and cerebrovascular complications and metabolic alterations. PA is also recognized as the most frequent, although often unrecognized, secondary form of hypertension. Guidelines have been released to assist clinicians in the diagnostic work-up and subtype differentiation of PA. In this review we discuss and compare the available guidelines in the context of our professional experience and evaluate diagnostic and therapeutic aspects that are still a matter of debate.
authors: Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy. jacopo.burrello@gmail.com.
authors: Jacopo
authors: J
authors: Burrello
authors: Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Monticone
authors: Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Buffolo
authors: Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Tetti
authors: Division of Surgery, University of Torino, 10126, Turin, Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Giraudo
authors: Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
authors: Domenica
authors: D
authors: Schiavone
authors: Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Veglio
authors: Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy. paolo.mulatero@unito.it.
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Mulatero
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D019091:Critical Pathways; D006801:Humans; D006929:Hyperaldosteronism / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000450:Aldosterone
keywords: Adrenal vein sampling; Aldosterone-producing adenoma; Primary aldosteronism; Secondary hypertension