title: Local and serum levels of adipokines in patients with obesity after periodontal therapy: one-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the effects of scaling and root planing (SRP) on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum levels of adipokines in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) with or without obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with obesity and 20 patients without obesity, all with CP, received SRP. Serum and GCF levels of resistin, adiponectin, leptin, tumour necrosis factor [TNF]-α and interleukin [IL]-6 were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months post-therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SRP reduced the amounts of TNF-α in deep sites and increased the concentration of adiponectin in shallow sites of non-obese patients (p < 0.05). SRP increased the concentrations of TNF-α and leptin in patients with obesity (p < 0.05). GCF levels of TNF-α were higher in patients with obesity than in patients without obesity at all time-points (p < 0.05). There were no changes in serum levels of any adipokines for any group after therapy (p > 0.05). Patients with obesity exhibited higher serum levels of leptin at all time-points and IL-6 at 3 months post-therapy (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obesity may modulate systemic and periodontal levels of adipokines in favour of pro-inflammation, independently of periodontal therapy. SRP did not affect the circulating levels of adipokines in patients with or without obesity.
authors: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Tiago Eduardo Dias
authors: TE
authors: Gonçalves
authors: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.|Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors: Glaucia Santos
authors: GS
authors: Zimmermann
authors: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Luciene Cristina
authors: LC
authors: Figueiredo
authors: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Monique de Carvalho
authors: Mde C
authors: Souza
authors: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Daniele Ferreira
authors: DF
authors: da Cruz
authors: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Marta Ferreira
authors: MF
authors: Bastos
authors: Biostatistics Unit, Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Hélio Doyle Pereira
authors: HD
authors: da Silva
authors: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Poliana Mendes
authors: PM
authors: Duarte
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D052243:Resistin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D016745:Root Planing / Q000379:methods*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; C499624:RETN protein, human; D052243:Resistin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: IL-6; TNF-α; adipokines; adiponectin; chronic periodontitis; leptin; obesity; resistin; root planing