title: Prevalence and management of cardiovascular risk factors in Portuguese living in Portugal and Portuguese who migrated to Switzerland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Information regarding the health status of migrants compared to subjects who remain in the country of origin is scarce. We compared the levels and management of the main cardiovascular risk factors between Portuguese living in Porto (Portugal) and Portuguese migrants living in Lausanne (Switzerland).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional studies conducted in Porto (EPIPorto, 1999 to 2003, n = 1150) and Lausanne (CoLaus, 2003 to 2006, n = 388) among subjects aged 35-65 years. Educational level, medical history and time since migration were collected using structured questionnaires. Body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol and glucose levels were measured using standardized procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Portuguese living in Lausanne were younger, more frequently male and had lower education than Portuguese living in Porto. After multivariate adjustment using Poisson regression, no differences were found between Portuguese living in Porto or in Lausanne: prevalence rate ratio (PRR) and (95% confidence interval) for Portuguese living in Lausanne relative to Portuguese living in Porto: 0.92 (0.71 - 1.18) for current smoking; 0.78 (0.59 - 1.04) for obesity; 0.81 (0.62 - 1.05) for abdominal obesity; 0.82 (0.64 - 1.06) for hypertension; 0.88 (0.75 - 1.04) for hypercholesterolemia and 0.92 (0.49 - 1.73) for diabetes. Treatment and control rates for hypercholesterolemia were higher among Portuguese living in Lausanne: PRR = 1.91 (1.15 - 3.19) and 3.98 (1.59 - 9.99) for treatment and control, respectively. Conversely, no differences were found regarding hypertension treatment and control rates: PRR = 0.98 (0.66 - 1.46) and 0.97 (0.49 - 1.91), respectively, and for treatment rates of diabetes: PRR = 1.51 (0.70 - 3.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Portuguese living in Lausanne, Switzerland, present a similar cardiovascular risk profile but tend to be better managed regarding hypercholesterolemia than Portuguese living in Porto, Portugal.
authors: EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal. lalves@med.up.pt.|Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal. lalves@med.up.pt.|St. André de Canidelo Family Health Unit, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal. lalves@med.up.pt.
authors: Luís
authors: L
authors: Alves
authors: EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal. anazev@med.up.pt.|Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal. anazev@med.up.pt.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Azevedo
authors: EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal. hbarros@med.up.pt.|Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal. hbarros@med.up.pt.
authors: Henrique
authors: H
authors: Barros
authors: Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, CHUV and Faculty of biology and medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland. Peter.Vollenweider@chuv.ch.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Vollenweider
authors: Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, CHUV and Faculty of biology and medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland. Gerard.Waeber@chuv.ch.
authors: Gérard
authors: G
authors: Waeber
authors: Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Biopole 2, Route de la Corniche 10, CH, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland. Pedro-Manuel.Marques-Vidal@chuv.ch.
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Marques-Vidal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011174:Portugal / Q000208:ethnology; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol