title: Characterization of in vitro antifungal activities of small and American cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L. and V. macrocarpon Aiton) and lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) concentrates in sugar reduced fruit spreads.
abstract: In this study, cranberry and lingonberry concentrates were added to commercial sugar-reduced fruit spreads (raspberry-Aloe vera, strawberry-guava, and strawberry-lime), and tested for their antifungal activities. Selected strains of the species Absidia glauca, Penicillium brevicompactum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zygosaccharomyces bailii, as well as xerophilic environmental isolates of the genera Penicillium and Eurotium were used for challenge testing. Initially, varying concentrations of synthetic antifungal agents, such as sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate and butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate were tested against these fungi on wort agar containing 31% fructose at different pH values. Subsequently, the experiments were conducted in fruit spreads containing different concentrations of cranberry and lingonberry concentrates. The results of this study demonstrate that these concentrates were able to inhibit growth of visible colonies of xerophilic and non-xerophilic fungi. Cranberry and lingonberry concentrates are interesting candidates for natural preservation against fungal growth in sugar reduced fruit spreads.
authors: Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Hohenheim University, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors: Ertan
authors: E
authors: Ermis
authors: Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Hohenheim University, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Hertel
authors: Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, Hohenheim University, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors: Christin
authors: C
authors: Schneider
authors: Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, Hohenheim University, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors: Reinhold
authors: R
authors: Carle
authors: Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, Hohenheim University, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors: Florian
authors: F
authors: Stintzing
authors: Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Hohenheim University, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: herbert.schmidt@uni-hohenheim.de.
authors: Herbert
authors: H
authors: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D020095:Absidia / Q000187:drug effects; D000504:Aloe / Q000382:microbiology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D032082:Citrus aurantiifolia / Q000382:microbiology; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D031985:Fragaria / Q000382:microbiology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010226:Parabens / Q000494:pharmacology; D010407:Penicillium / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031647:Psidium / Q000382:microbiology; D065856:Rubus / Q000382:microbiology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects; D020160:Sodium Benzoate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013011:Sorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D014481:United States; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon / Q000378:metabolism*; D029801:Vaccinium vitis-idaea / Q000378:metabolism*; D020068:Zygosaccharomyces / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D002241:Carbohydrates; D010226:Parabens; D010936:Plant Extracts; C038193:4-hydroxybenzoic acid; D020160:Sodium Benzoate; D013011:Sorbic Acid
keywords: Antifungal; Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (PubChem CID: 7184); Cranberry; Eurotium minimal inhibitory concentration; Fruit spread; Lingonberry; Penicillium; Potassium sorbate (PubChem CID: 23676745); Sodium benzoate (PubChem CID: 517055)