title: Demographic and lifestyle factors associated with vitamin D status in pregnant Japanese women.
abstract: Maternal vitamin D deficiency causes pregnancy complications and delayed skeletal development in offspring. This study aimed at identifying demographic and lifestyle factors associated with vitamin D status in pregnant Japanese women. A total of 284 healthy pregnant women in the second trimester were recruited at a university hospital in Tokyo, between June 2010 and July 2011. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay. We assessed vitamin D intake using a self-administered diet history questionnaire and asked participants about lifestyle variables, including daily duration of sunlight exposure and supplement use. The mean (SD) serum 25(OH)D concentration was 9.8 (4.7) ng/mL. Almost 60% of the participants had severe vitamin D deficiency (measured as 25(OH)D<10 ng/mL). Multiple regression analysis showed that multigravidity, pre-pregnancy non-underweight status, higher energy-adjusted vitamin D intake, and use of vitamin D supplements were correlated with higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations (β=0.245, β=-0.119, β=0.226, and β=0.197, respectively). In the summer investigation, women with longer durations of sunlight exposure had significantly higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations (β=0.201) that were unrelated to the factors outlined previously. In the winter investigation, women with a high education level had higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations than others (β=0.330). Our results would be useful for identifying pregnant women at a high risk of low vitamin D status, such as primigravidae and those with pre-pregnancy underweight status, low education level, low vitamin D intake, and short durations of sunlight exposure.
authors: Department of Midwifery and Women's Health, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
authors: Mie
authors: M
authors: Shiraishi
authors: Megumi
authors: M
authors: Haruna
authors: Masayo
authors: M
authors: Matsuzaki
authors: Ryoko
authors: R
authors: Murayama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood; D012621:Seasons; D013472:Sunlight; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014041:Tokyo; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D