title: Risk of coronary artery disease in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that reported relative risks, hazard ratios, standardized prevalence ratio or standardized incidence ratios with 95% confidence comparing CAD risk in patients with AS versus non-AS controls. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance of DerSimonian and Laird.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 229 potentially relevant articles, ten studies (five retrospective cohort studies and five cross-sectional studies) were identified and included in our data analysis. The overall pooled risk ratio of CAD in patients with AS was 1.41 (95% CI: 1.29-1.54). The pooled risk ratios for cross-sectional and cohort studies were 2.08 (95% CI: 1.28-3.40) and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.31-1.41), respectively. The statistical heterogeneity of this meta-analysis was moderate with an I(2) of 56%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated a statistically significant increased CAD risk among patients with AS with 41% excess risk.
authors: 1 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, 2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, 3 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Patompong
authors: P
authors: Ungprasert
authors: 1 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, 2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, 3 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Narat
authors: N
authors: Srivali
authors: 1 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, 2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, 3 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Wonngarm
authors: W
authors: Kittanamongkolchai
keywords: Meta-analysis; ankylosing spondylitis (AS); epidemiology; venous thromboembolism