title: Applicability of western chemical dietary exposure models to the Chinese population.
abstract: A range of exposure models, which have been developed in Europe and North America, are playing an increasingly important role in priority setting and the risk assessment of chemicals. However, the applicability of these tools, which are based on Western dietary exposure pathways, to estimate chemical exposure to the Chinese population to support the development of a risk-based environment and exposure assessment, is unclear. Three frequently used modelling tools, EUSES, RAIDAR and ACC-HUMANsteady, have been evaluated in terms of human dietary exposure estimation by application to a range of chemicals with different physicochemical properties under both model default and Chinese dietary scenarios. Hence, the modelling approaches were assessed by considering dietary pattern differences only. The predicted dietary exposure pathways were compared under both scenarios using a range of hypothetical and current emerging contaminants. Although the differences across models are greater than those between dietary scenarios, model predictions indicated that dietary preference can have a significant impact on human exposure, with the relatively high consumption of vegetables and cereals resulting in higher exposure via plants-based foodstuffs under Chinese consumption patterns compared to Western diets. The selected models demonstrated a good ability to identify key dietary exposure pathways which can be used for screening purposes and an evaluative risk assessment. However, some model adaptations will be required to cover a number of important Chinese exposure pathways, such as freshwater farmed-fish, grains and pork.
authors: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA14YQ, UK.
authors: Shizhen
authors: S
authors: Zhao
authors: Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK.
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Price
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, PR China.
authors: Zhengtao
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA14YQ, UK.
authors: Kevin C
authors: KC
authors: Jones
authors: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA14YQ, UK. Electronic address: a.sweetman@lancaster.ac.uk.
authors: Andrew J
authors: AJ
authors: Sweetman
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D066273:Diet, Western; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants
keywords: Chinese population; Dietary exposure; Exposure models; Risk assessment