title: Socioeconomic disparities in osteoporosis prevalence: different results in the overall Korean adult population and single-person households.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was conducted in order to examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and osteoporosis prevalence in Korea and to assess whether different associations are found in single-person households.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, from 2008 to 2011. The study subjects were people aged ≥ 50 years with osteoporosis as defined by bone mineral density. Multivariate logistic models were used to estimate prevalence odds ratios (pORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Gender differences in the likelihood of osteoporosis were analyzed based on household income, education level, and residential area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 8221 osteoporosis patients aged ≥ 50 years, of whom 927 lived in single-person households. There was a gender-specific association between osteoporosis prevalence and all three SES factors that we analyzed: income, education, and residential area. After adjusting for age, SES, and health behaviors, including body mass index (BMI), low household income was only significantly associated with osteoporosis in men, whereas education level had an inverse relationship with osteoporosis only in women (p = 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively). However, after controlling for age and BMI, rural residency was only associated with osteoporosis in women living in single-person households (pOR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.43).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Korean adult population showed a gender-specific relationship between SES and osteoporosis prevalence, with a different pattern found in single-person households.
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jungmee
authors: J
authors: Kim
authors: Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Joongyub
authors: J
authors: Lee
authors: Korea Institute of Drug Safety and Risk Management, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ju-Young
authors: JY
authors: Shin
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Byung-Joo
authors: BJ
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Education; Income; Osteoporosis; Single-person household; Socioeconomic status