title: Factor H-related protein 5 interacts with pentraxin 3 and the extracellular matrix and modulates complement activation.
abstract: The physiological roles of the factor H (FH)-related proteins are controversial and poorly understood. Based on genetic studies, FH-related protein 5 (CFHR5) is implicated in glomerular diseases, such as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, dense deposit disease, and CFHR5 nephropathy. CFHR5 was also identified in glomerular immune deposits at the protein level. For CFHR5, weak complement regulatory activity and competition for C3b binding with the plasma complement inhibitor FH have been reported, but its function remains elusive. In this study, we identify pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as a novel ligand of CFHR5. Binding of native CFHR5 to PTX3 was detected in human plasma and the interaction was characterized using recombinant proteins. The binding of PTX3 to CFHR5 is of ∼2-fold higher affinity compared with that of FH. CFHR5 dose-dependently inhibited FH binding to PTX3 and also to the monomeric, denatured form of the short pentraxin C-reactive protein. Binding of PTX3 to CFHR5 resulted in increased C1q binding. Additionally, CFHR5 bound to extracellular matrix in vitro in a dose-dependent manner and competed with FH for binding. Altogether, CFHR5 reduced FH binding and its cofactor activity on pentraxins and the extracellular matrix, while at the same time allowed for enhanced C1q binding. Furthermore, CFHR5 allowed formation of the alternative pathway C3 convertase and supported complement activation. Thus, CFHR5 may locally enhance complement activation via interference with the complement-inhibiting function of FH, by enhancement of C1q binding, and by activating complement, thereby contributing to glomerular disease.
authors: Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
authors: Ádám I
authors: ÁI
authors: Csincsi
authors: Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany;
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Kopp
authors: Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
authors: Miklós
authors: M
authors: Zöldi
authors: Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
authors: Zsófia
authors: Z
authors: Bánlaki
authors: Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Uzonyi
authors: Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany;
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Hebecker
authors: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RF, United Kingdom;
authors: Joseph J E
authors: JJ
authors: Caesar
authors: Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; and.
authors: Matthew C
authors: MC
authors: Pickering
authors: Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Daigo
authors: Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
authors: Takao
authors: T
authors: Hamakubo
authors: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RF, United Kingdom;
authors: Susan M
authors: SM
authors: Lea
authors: Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; and.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Goicoechea de Jorge
authors: Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany; mihaly.jozsi@gmx.net.
authors: Mihály
authors: M
authors: Józsi
mesh_terms: D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D011485:Protein Binding; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D000099153:Pentraxins; C432223:CFHR5 protein, human