title: Expert opinion: diagnosis and treatment of proximal hamstring tendinopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  proximal hamstring tendinopathy (PHT) is a disabilitating disease often causing underperformance in the athletically demanding patients. The main symptom of PHT is lower gluteal pain especially during running or while prolonged sitting. Mainly affecting athletically active individuals, PHT is a considerable challenge for treating health care professionals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  this paper aims to concisely present the literature on PHT to guide health care professionals treating these patients and doing research on the subject.
  
  
  METHODS
  we reviewed the literature on PHT through literature search of scientific journal databases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  as a tendinopathic pathology, it is a rather recently discovered exertion injury. As with other chronic tendon overuse injuries, current treatment strategies are unspecific with uncertain outcomes due to the unknown etiology of the tendon degeneration. Diagnostic features as well as both operative and non-operative treatments are evaluated from a clinical perspective, providing up to date information for clinicians and sports medicine therapists dealing with hamstring problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  V.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital NEO, Turku, Finland.
authors: Lasse
authors: L
authors: Lempainen
authors: Department of Surgery, Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, Finland.
authors: Kristian
authors: K
authors: Johansson
authors: Clinic of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors: Ingo J
authors: IJ
authors: Banke
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital NEO, Turku, Finland.
authors: Juha
authors: J
authors: Ranne
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors: Keijo
authors: K
authors: Mäkelä
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital NEO, Turku, Finland.
authors: Janne
authors: J
authors: Sarimo
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital NEO, Turku, Finland.
authors: Pekka
authors: P
authors: Niemi
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital NEO, Turku, Finland.
authors: Sakari
authors: S
authors: Orava
keywords: exertion injury; hamstring; tendinopathy; treatment