title: One day access to a running wheel reduces self-administration of D-methamphetamine, MDMA and methylone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exercise influences drug craving and consumption in humans and drug self-administration in laboratory animals, but the effects can be variable. Improved understanding of how exercise affects drug intake or craving would enhance applications of exercise programs to human drug users attempting cessation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were trained in the intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of D-methamphetamine (METH; 0.05 mg/kg/inf), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; 0.5 mg/kg/inf) or methylone (0.5 mg/kg/inf). Once IVSA was established, the effect of ∼ 22 h of wheel access in the home cage on subsequent drug taking was assessed in a two cohort crossover design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Provision of home cage wheel access during the day prior to IVSA sessions significantly decreased the self-administration of METH, MDMA and methylone. At the individual level, there was no correlation between the amount a rat used the wheel and the size of the individual's decrease in drug intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wheel access can reduce self-administration of a variety of psychomotor stimulants. It does so immediately, i.e., without a need for weeks of exercise prior to drug access. This study therefore indicates that future mechanistic investigations should focus on acute effects of exercise. In sum, the results predict that exercise programs can be used to decrease stimulant drug use in individuals even with no exercise history and an established drug taking pattern.
authors: Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, The Scripps Research Institute, SP30-2400, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors: Shawn M
authors: SM
authors: Aarde
authors: Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, The Scripps Research Institute, SP30-2400, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors: Michelle L
authors: ML
authors: Miller
authors: Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, The Scripps Research Institute, SP30-2400, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors: Kevin M
authors: KM
authors: Creehan
authors: Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, The Scripps Research Institute, SP30-2400, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors: Sophia A
authors: SA
authors: Vandewater
authors: Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, The Scripps Research Institute, SP30-2400, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: mtaffe@scripps.edu.
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: Taffe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D058999:Drug-Seeking Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012646:Self Administration
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008694:Methamphetamine; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; C400939:methylone
keywords: Bathsalts; Exercise; Reinforcement; Self-administration; Stimulant