title: Aging with HIV vs. HIV seroconversion at older age: a diverse population with distinct comorbidity profiles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  People aging with HIV might have different health conditions compared with people who seroconverted at older ages. The study objective was to assess the prevalence of, and risk factors for, individual co-morbidities and multimorbidity (MM) between HIV-positive patients with a longer duration of HIV infection, and patients who seroconverted at an older age. We compared estimates across both groups to a matched community-based cohort sampled from the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a case-control study including antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced patients who were HIV seropositive for ≥ 20.6 years ("HIV-Aging"), or who were seropositive for < 11.3 years ("HIV-Aged") having access in 2013 at the Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic. Patients were matched in a 1:3 ratio with controls from the CINECA ARNO database. MM was defined as the concurrent presence of >2 NICM. Logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate associated predictors of NICM and MM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analysed 404 HIV-Aging and 404 HIV-Aged participants in comparison to 2424 controls. The mean age was 46.7 ± 6.2 years, 28.9% were women. Prevalence of HIV co-morbidities and MM were significantly higher in the HIV-positive groups compared to the general population (p<0.001) and a trend towards higher rates of MM was found in aging vs aged group. This difference turned to be significant in patients above the age of 45 years old (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  People aging with HIV display heterogeneous health conditions. Host factors and duration of HIV infection are associated with increased risk of MM compared to the general population.
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Guaraldi
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Zona
authors: Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
authors: Thomas D
authors: TD
authors: Brothers
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Federica
authors: F
authors: Carli
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Stentarelli
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Dolci
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Santoro
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Beghetto
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Marianna
authors: M
authors: Menozzi
authors: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Mussini
authors: McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.
authors: Julian
authors: J
authors: Falutz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D000069078:Seroconversion
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents