title: Uncoupling, metabolic inhibition and induction of mitochondrial permeability transition in rat liver mitochondria caused by the major long-chain hydroxyl monocarboxylic fatty acids accumulating in LCHAD deficiency.
abstract: Patients with long-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency commonly present liver dysfunction whose pathogenesis is unknown. We studied the effects of long-chain 3-hydroxylated fatty acids (LCHFA) that accumulate in LCHAD deficiency on liver bioenergetics using mitochondrial preparations from young rats. We provide strong evidence that 3-hydroxytetradecanoic (3HTA) and 3-hydroxypalmitic (3HPA) acids, the monocarboxylic acids that are found at the highest tissue concentrations in this disorder, act as metabolic inhibitors and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. These conclusions are based on the findings that these fatty acids decreased ADP-stimulated (state 3) and uncoupled respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential and NAD(P)H content, and, in contrast, increased resting (state 4) respiration. We also verified that 3HTA and 3HPA markedly reduced Ca2+ retention capacity and induced swelling in Ca2+-loaded mitochondria. These effects were mediated by mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) induction since they were totally prevented by the classical MPT inhibitors cyclosporin A and ADP, as well as by ruthenium red, a Ca2+ uptake blocker. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the major monocarboxylic LCHFA accumulating in LCHAD deficiency disrupt energy mitochondrial homeostasis in the liver. It is proposed that this pathomechanism may explain at least in part the hepatic alterations characteristic of the affected patients.
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Fernanda Hermes
authors: FH
authors: Hickmann
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Cristiane
authors: C
authors: Cecatto
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Kleemann
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Wagner Oliveira
authors: WO
authors: Monteiro
authors: Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Roger Frigério
authors: RF
authors: Castilho
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Alexandre Umpierrez
authors: AU
authors: Amaral
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: mwajner@ufrgs.br.
authors: Moacir
authors: M
authors: Wajner
mesh_terms: D015094:3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008052:Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects*; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D017240:Mitochondrial Myopathies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008933:Mitochondrial Swelling / Q000187:drug effects*; D063991:Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein / Q000172:deficiency; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D009249:NADP; D015094:3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; D063991:Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Calcium; Liver mitochondrial bioenergetics; Long-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency; Mitochondrial permeability transition