title: NMR approach for monitoring post-mortem changes in Atlantic salmon fillets stored at 0 and 4°C.
abstract: High resolution NMR technique has been used to monitor post-mortem changes in salmon (Salmo salar) fillets upon storage at 4 and 0°C. Thirty-one different fish metabolites influencing freshness and taste properties have been unequivocally assigned by NMR using either available standard compounds or ad hoc acquired 2D (1)H-(1)H TOCSY and (1)H-(13)С HSQC spectra. The monitored fish metabolites include amino acids, dipeptides, sugars, vitamins, biogenic amines, as well as different products of the ATP degradation. The detection and monitoring of biogenic amines by NMR, upon fish storage, is information of interest for consumers, since some of these compounds are toxic. The data from this study shows that NMR spectroscopy also provides the amount of all metabolites necessary for the calculation of the K-index used to express fish freshness. A good correlation was found between the K-index increase and the formation of the undesired biogenic amines. The metabolite concentrations and the K-index found in this work were compared and found coherent with literature data. The performed study reveals the strengths and the suitability of the NMR approach to monitor different biochemical processes occurring during fish storage and qualitatively and quantitatively characterise fish metabolites determining fish quality.
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Shumilina
authors: Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, Cesena 47521 (FC), Italy.
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Ciampa
authors: Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, Cesena 47521 (FC), Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Capozzi
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
authors: Turid
authors: T
authors: Rustad
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: alex.dikiy@biotech.ntnu.no.
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Dikiy
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis; D003080:Cold Temperature; D061353:Food Storage; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008744:Methylamines / Q000032:analysis; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000032:analysis; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines; D008744:Methylamines; D009536:Niacinamide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C005855:trimethyloxamine
keywords: Fish quality; Metabolic profiling; NMR