title: Effect of carvedilol against myocardial injury due to ischemia-reperfusion of the brain in rats.
abstract: We have previously reported the mechanism behind the myocardial injury and the activation of autonomic nervous system during the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) of the rat brain. This study was planned to investigate the effect of carvedilol, a β-blocker, in improving the myocardial injury caused by IR of the rat brain. We have used a whole cerebral IR model in rats by clamping both the right and left common carotid arteries. Rats were divided into five groups; Sham surgery group (Group-Sham), carvedilol treatment before ischemia group (Group-Is+C), vehicle control group (Group-Is+V), carvedilol treatment before reperfusion group (Group-Re+C) and the vehicle control group (Group-Re+V). We have measured the blood pressure and heart rate via a catheter, myocardial tissue β1-adrenaline receptor (β1-AR) levels, phosphor-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) signaling factor, malondialdehyde (MDA), and apoptosis (TUNEL assay and expression of caspase-7 protein). The results indicated that the increased expressions of β1-AR, p-p38 MAPK, caspase-7, apoptotic cells and MDA level in the myocardial tissue due to brain ischemia-reperfusion were significantly reduced by carvedilol treatment. From these observations we can suggest that, with the advantage of its antioxidant and β blocking action, carvedilol had played the improvement of myocardial injury in ischemia-reperfusion of the brain.
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Meilei
authors: M
authors: Harima
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Somasundaram
authors: S
authors: Arumugam
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Wen
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Vigneshwaran
authors: V
authors: Pitchaimani
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Vengadeshprabhu
authors: V
authors: Karuppagounder
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Mst Rejina
authors: MR
authors: Afrin
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Remya
authors: R
authors: Sreedhar
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Shizuka
authors: S
authors: Miyashita
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Mayumi
authors: M
authors: Nomoto
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors: Kazuyuki
authors: K
authors: Ueno
authors: Department of Cardiology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.
authors: Masahiko
authors: M
authors: Nakamura
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan. Electronic address: watanabe@nupals.ac.jp.
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002227:Carbazoles; D011412:Propanolamines; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D000077261:Carvedilol; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Apoptosis; Brain; Cardiac injury; Carvedilol; Ischemia–reperfusion