title: Accumulation and elimination of iron oxide nanomaterials in zebrafish (Danio rerio) upon chronic aqueous exposure.
abstract: A 52-day continuous semi-static waterborne exposure (test media renewed daily) regimen was employed to investigate the accumulation and elimination profiles of two iron oxide nanomaterials (nano-Fe2O3 and nano-Fe3O4) in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Adult zebrafish were exposed to nanomaterial suspensions with initial concentrations of 4.0 and 10.0 mg/L for 28 days and then were moved to clean water for 24 days to perform the elimination experiment. Fe content was measured in fish body and feces to provide data on accumulation and elimination of the two iron oxide nanomaterials in zebrafish. The experiment revealed that: (1) high accumulation of nano-Fe2O3 and nano-Fe3O4 were found in zebrafish, with maximum Fe contents, respectively, of 1.32 and 1.25 mg/g for 4.0 mg/L treatment groups and 1.15 and 0.90 mg/g for 10.0 mg/L treatment groups; (2) accumulated nanoparticles in zebrafish can be eliminated efficiently (the decrease of body burden of Fe conforms to a first-order decay equation) when fish were moved to nanoparticle-free water, and the elimination rates ranged from 86% to 100% by 24 days post-exposure; and (3) according to analysis of Fe content in fish excrement in the elimination phase, iron oxide nanomaterials may be adsorbed via the gastrointestinal tract, and stored for more than 12days.
authors: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: zhangyrabbit@163.com.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: zhulin_nk@126.com.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Zhu
authors: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors: Ya
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors: Jimiao
authors: J
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C000499:ferric oxide; C034236:ferrous oxide
keywords: Accumulation; Chronic exposure; Elimination; Iron oxide nanomaterials; Zebrafish