title: An Approach to Pain Management in End Stage Renal Disease: Considerations for General Management and Intradialytic Symptoms.
abstract: The prevalence and severity of symptoms in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease is higher than those of the general population and comparable to those with other chronic and serious medical conditions. Despite the prevalence and severity in this population, symptoms continue to be under-recognized and inadequately managed. The recognition of specific intradialytic pain syndromes such as pain related to arteriovenous access, headaches, muscle cramps or generalized pain by providers may aid in improving patient compliance and quality of life. The approach to pain management in end stage renal disease patients follows that of the general population with specific considerations regarding clearance and potential side effects guiding selection of agents. Overall, evidence is limited regarding the pharmacology of many medications in this population.
authors: Division of Kidney Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Great Neck, New York.
authors: Holly M
authors: HM
authors: Koncicki
authors: Department of Renal Medicine, St George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Brennan
authors: Department of Renal Medicine, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Katie
authors: K
authors: Vinen
authors: Division of Nephrology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: Sara N
authors: SN
authors: Davison
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D059408:Pain Management; D015995:Prevalence; D006435:Renal Dialysis