title: Caffeine-induced psychiatric manifestations: a review.
abstract: The association between caffeine consumption and various psychiatric manifestations has long been observed. We present two cases that show the ability of caffeine to induce psychotic and manic symptoms, and we also review the extant literature on caffeine-induced psychiatric manifestations. On the basis of our own and others' findings, we suggest that caffeine may be related to not only de-novo psychotic or mood symptoms but also to aggravation of pre-existing psychotic or mood disorders. We therefore suggest that caffeine consumption among patients with mood or psychotic symptoms should be assessed carefully in clinical practice as part of routine psychiatric evaluations.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hee Ryung
authors: HR
authors: Wang
authors: Young Sup
authors: YS
authors: Woo
authors: Won-Myong
authors: WM
authors: Bahk
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003069:Coffee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004032:Diet; D061215:Energy Drinks / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011605:Psychoses, Substance-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003069:Coffee; D002110:Caffeine