title: The Johns Hopkins learning environment scale: measuring medical students' perceptions of the processes supporting professional formation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To construct a new measure to assess students' perceptions of the medical school learning environment (LE).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2012, students at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine completed a survey containing 32 LE items. Additional questions asked about overall perception of the LE, personal growth, and recommending the school to a friend. Validity evidence for content, response process, internal structure, and relation to other variables was collected for interpretation of scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 465 students surveyed, 377 (81%) completed all LE items. Exploratory factor analysis yielded the 28-item Johns Hopkins Learning Environment Scale (JHLES) with seven factors/subscales: community of peers, faculty relationships, academic climate, meaningful engagement, mentoring, inclusion and safety, and physical space. Students' overall JHLES scores ranged from 51 to 139, of a possible 28 to 140, with a mean (SD) of 107 (15). Overall scores and most subscale scores did not differ significantly by gender or racial/ethnic background, but did differ significantly by overall perception of the LE (P ≤ .001) and increased incrementally as overall perception improved. Overall JHLES scores were significantly higher for students with higher personal growth scores and students who would recommend the school (both P < .001). Subscale scores for all seven factors increased with improved overall perception of the LE (all P ≤ .005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The JHLES is a new measure to assess students' perceptions of the medical school LE, with supporting validity evidence and content describing the social, relational, and academic processes of medical school that support students' professional formation.
authors: R.B. Shochet is associate professor, Department of Medicine, and director, Colleges Advisory Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. J.M. Colbert-Getz is director, Medical Education Research, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah. S.M. Wright is professor of medicine and director, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors: Robert B
authors: RB
authors: Shochet
authors: Jorie M
authors: JM
authors: Colbert-Getz
authors: Scott M
authors: SM
authors: Wright
mesh_terms: D001290:Attitude; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate; D005180:Faculty, Medical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors; D010379:Peer Group; D010465:Perception; D011361:Professional Competence; D012577:Schools, Medical; D012931:Social Environment; D013337:Students, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires