title: Analysis of Ebola Virus Entry Into Macrophages.
abstract: Ebolaviruses constitute a public health threat, particularly in Central and Western Africa. Host cell factors required for spread of ebolaviruses may serve as targets for antiviral intervention. Lectins, TAM receptor tyrosine kinases (Tyro3, Axl, Mer), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM) proteins, integrins, and Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) have been reported to promote entry of ebolaviruses into certain cellular systems. However, the factors used by ebolaviruses to invade macrophages, major viral targets, are poorly defined. Here, we show that mannose-specific lectins, TIM-1 and Axl augment entry into certain cell lines but do not contribute to Ebola virus (EBOV)-glycoprotein (GP)-driven transduction of macrophages. In contrast, expression of Mer, integrin αV, and NPC1 was required for efficient GP-mediated transduction and EBOV infection of macrophages. These results define cellular factors hijacked by EBOV for entry into macrophages and, considering that Mer and integrin αV promote phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, support the concept that EBOV relies on apoptotic mimicry to invade target cells.
authors: Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen.
authors: Franziska
authors: F
authors: Dahlmann
authors: Institute of Virology, Philipps-University Marburg.
authors: Nadine
authors: N
authors: Biedenkopf
authors: Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University.
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Babler
authors: Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University.
authors: Willi
authors: W
authors: Jahnen-Dechent
authors: Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen Institutes for Cellular Chemistry.
authors: Christina B
authors: CB
authors: Karsten
authors: Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen.
authors: Kerstin
authors: K
authors: Gnirß
authors: Physiological Chemistry, Hannover Medical School.
authors: Heike
authors: H
authors: Schneider
authors: Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen.
authors: Florian
authors: F
authors: Wrensch
authors: Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors: Christopher A
authors: CA
authors: O'Callaghan
authors: Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen.
authors: Stephanie
authors: S
authors: Bertram
authors: Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany.
authors: Georg
authors: G
authors: Herrler
authors: Institute of Virology, Philipps-University Marburg.
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Becker
authors: Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Pöhlmann
authors: Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen.
authors: Heike
authors: H
authors: Hofmann-Winkler
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D037102:Lectins; D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: Ebolavirus; Mer; NPC-1; entry; macrophage