title: Assessment of oxidative status in patients with acute kidney injury: a pilot study.
abstract: Extensive experimental evidence confirms the role of oxidative stress as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, less information is available on the evolution of prooxidant-antioxidant parameters from early to end-phase renal function decline in humans. This study aimed to determine the oxidative status in dynamic throughout the evolutionary phases of the disease. The study included patients with cardiovascular pathology and AKI hospitalized in the intensive care unit (n = 69) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 30). They were followed through three phases of AKI; the first [corrected] phase was the phase of diagnosis, which is characterized by oliguria/anuria, the [corrected] second phase was established diuresis, and the [corrected] third phase was the polyuric phase. In these phases of the disease, blood samples were taken from the patients for biochemical analysis. From the collected whole blood, we measured spectrophotometrically prooxidants: index of lipid peroxidation, measured as Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nitrite (NO₂⁻), superoxide anion radical (O₂⁻) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and antioxidants: activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) from erythrocyte lysate. Comparing the results of the three measurements, a significant difference was found in the levels of NO₂⁻ and GSH, both of which increased in the second phase (P < 0.05) and then decreased in the third phase, and a significant increase in TBARS, which was elevated in the second phase (P < 0.05) and did not change significantly until the third phase. Our results showed phase-dependent modification in 3 parameters of the oxidative status (TBARS, NO₂⁻ and GSH). Whether these changes contribute to the deterioration of renal function in AKI remains to be established.
authors: Center for Hemodialysis, Medical Center, Obrenovac, Republic of Serbia.
authors: Snezana
authors: S
authors: Pesic
authors: Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
authors: Marija
authors: M
authors: Milinkovic
authors: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia.
authors: Milena
authors: M
authors: Vuletic
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia.
authors: Nevena
authors: N
authors: Barudzic
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia.
authors: Vladimir
authors: V
authors: Zivkovic
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia.
authors: Vladimir
authors: V
authors: Jakovljevic
authors: Institute of Medical Physiology ''Richard Burian'', School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
authors: Dragan
authors: D
authors: Djuric
authors: Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
authors: Biljana
authors: B
authors: Stojimirovic
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009573:Nitrites; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D005978:Glutathione