title: Prophylactic administration of fucoidan represses cancer metastasis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in Lewis tumor-bearing mice.
abstract: Fucoidan, a heparin-like sulfated polysaccharide, is rich in brown algae. It has a wide assortment of protective activities against cancer, for example, induction of hepatocellular carcinoma senescence, induction of human breast and colon carcinoma apoptosis, and impediment of lung cancer cells migration and invasion. However, the anti-metastatic mechanism that fucoidan exploits remains elusive. In this report, we explored the effects of fucoidan on cachectic symptoms, tumor development, lung carcinoma cell spreading and proliferation, as well as expression of metastasis-associated proteins in the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells-inoculated mice model. We discovered that administration of fucoidan has prophylactic effects on mitigation of cachectic body weight loss and improvement of lung masses in tumor-inoculated mice. These desired effects are attributed to inhibition of LLC spreading and proliferation in lung tissues. Fucoidan also down-regulates expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Moreover, the tumor-bearing mice supplemented with fucoidan indeed benefit from an ensemble of the chemo-phylacticity. The fact is that fucoidan significantly decreases viability, migration, invasion, and MMPs activities of LLC cells. In summary, fucoidan is suitable to act as a chemo-preventative agent for minimizing cachectic symptoms as well as inhibiting lung carcinoma metastasis through down-regulating metastatic factors VEGF and MMPs.
authors: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan. huangtsehung@gmail.com.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. huangtsehung@gmail.com.
authors: Tse-Hung
authors: TH
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. chiuyiham@hotmail.com.
authors: Yi-Han
authors: YH
authors: Chiu
authors: Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan. phd.elainechan@gmail.com.
authors: Yi-Lin
authors: YL
authors: Chan
authors: Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. chiuyiham@hotmail.com.|Aquatic Technology Laboratories, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30093, Taiwan. chiuyiham@hotmail.com.
authors: Ya-Huang
authors: YH
authors: Chiu
authors: Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. sandy72066@hotmail.com.|Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan. sandy72066@hotmail.com.
authors: Hang
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Holistic Education Center, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan. kchsports@mmc.edu.tw.
authors: Kuo-Chin
authors: KC
authors: Huang
authors: Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. tlli@gate.sinica.edu.tw.
authors: Tsung-Lin
authors: TL
authors: Li
authors: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. khsu@mail.cgu.edu.tw.|Laboratory for Epidemiology, Department and graduate institute of health care management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. khsu@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
authors: Kuang-Hung
authors: KH
authors: Hsu
authors: Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. wuchangjer@yahoo.com.tw.|Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. wuchangjer@yahoo.com.tw.
authors: Chang-Jer
authors: CJ
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002100:Cachexia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000517:prevention & control; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; C007789:fucoidan; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases