title: Recent advances in 3D printing of biomaterials.
abstract: 3D Printing promises to produce complex biomedical devices according to computer design using patient-specific anatomical data. Since its initial use as pre-surgical visualization models and tooling molds, 3D Printing has slowly evolved to create one-of-a-kind devices, implants, scaffolds for tissue engineering, diagnostic platforms, and drug delivery systems. Fueled by the recent explosion in public interest and access to affordable printers, there is renewed interest to combine stem cells with custom 3D scaffolds for personalized regenerative medicine. Before 3D Printing can be used routinely for the regeneration of complex tissues (e.g. bone, cartilage, muscles, vessels, nerves in the craniomaxillofacial complex), and complex organs with intricate 3D microarchitecture (e.g. liver, lymphoid organs), several technological limitations must be addressed. In this review, the major materials and technology advances within the last five years for each of the common 3D Printing technologies (Three Dimensional Printing, Fused Deposition Modeling, Selective Laser Sintering, Stereolithography, and 3D Plotting/Direct-Write/Bioprinting) are described. Examples are highlighted to illustrate progress of each technology in tissue engineering, and key limitations are identified to motivate future research and advance this fascinating field of advanced manufacturing.
authors: Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
authors: Helena N
authors: HN
authors: Chia
authors: Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ; Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
authors: Benjamin M
authors: BM
authors: Wu
keywords: 3D Printing; 3D plotting; Bioprinting; Computer-aided tissue engineering; Fused deposition modeling; Selective laser sintering; Stereolithography