title: Plasma glucose kinetics and response of insulin and GIP following a cereal breakfast in female subjects: effect of starch digestibility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Foods with high contents of slowly digestible starch (SDS) elicit lower glycemic responses than foods with low contents of SDS but there has been debate on the underlying changes in plasma glucose kinetics, that is, respective contributions of the increase in the rates of appearance and disappearance of plasma glucose (RaT and RdT), and of the increase in the rate of appearance of exogenous glucose (RaE) and decrease in endogenous glucose production (EGP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen young healthy females ingested in random order four types of breakfasts: an extruded cereal (0.3% SDS: Lo-SDS breakfast) or one of three biscuits (39-45% SDS: Hi-SDS breakfasts). The flour in the cereal products was labeled with (13)C, and plasma glucose kinetics were measured using [6,6-(2)H2]glucose infusion, along with the response of plasma glucose, insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared with the Lo-SDS breakfast, after the three Hi-SDS breakfasts, excursions in plasma glucose, the response of RaE, RaT and RdT, and the reduction in EGP were significantly lower (P<0.05). The amount of exogenous glucose absorbed over the 4.5-h postprandial period was also significantly lower by ~31% (P<0.001). These differences were associated with lower responses of GIP and insulin concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Substituting extruded cereals with biscuits slows down the availability of glucose from the breakfast and its appearance in peripheral circulation, blunts the changes in plasma glucose kinetics and homeostasis, reduces excursions in plasma glucose, and possibly distributes the glucose ingested over a longer period following the meal.
authors: Department de Kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Péronnet
authors: Département de Nutrition, Mondelēz International R&D, Saclay, France.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Meynier
authors: Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes and Centre Européen de Nutrition pour la Santé, Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Sauvinet
authors: Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes and Centre Européen de Nutrition pour la Santé, Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Normand
authors: Department de Kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Bourdon
authors: Platform for Research in Obesity, Metabolism and Diabetes, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal and Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Mignault
authors: Département de Kinanthropologie, UQAM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: D H
authors: DH
authors: St-Pierre
authors: Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes and Centre Européen de Nutrition pour la Santé, Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Laville
authors: Platform for Research in Obesity, Metabolism and Diabetes, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal and Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Rabasa-Lhoret
authors: Département de Nutrition, Mondelēz International R&D, Saclay, France.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Vinoy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D001939:Bread; D062408:Breakfast; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood*; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011792:Quebec; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D013213:Starch