title: Genotyping Streptococcus pneumoniae.
abstract: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a potentially deadly human pathogen associated with high morbidity, mortality and global economic burden. The universally used bacterial genotyping methods are multilocus sequence typing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis. However, another highly discriminatory, rapid and less expensive genotyping technique, multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), has been developed. Unfortunately, no universal MLVA protocol exists, and some MLVA protocols do not amplify certain loci for all pneumococcal serotypes, leaving genotyping profiles incomplete. A number of other genotyping or characterization methods have been developed and will be discussed. This review examines the various protocols for genotyping S. pneumoniae and highlights the current direction technology and research is heading to understand this bacterium.
authors: Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, 4059, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Rachael E
authors: RE
authors: Rayner
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Savill
authors: Louise M
authors: LM
authors: Hafner
authors: Flavia
authors: F
authors: Huygens
mesh_terms: D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology / Q000379:methods; D058889:Molecular Typing / Q000379:methods*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: MLST; MLVA; Streptococcus pneumoniae; epidemiology; genotyping