title: Marked antioxidant effect of orange juice intake and its phytomicronutrients in a preliminary randomized cross-over trial on mild hypercholesterolemic men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Blond orange juice is the most consumed fruit juice in the world. It is a source of hesperidin, a bioavailable flavonoid reported to exhibit potential vascular protective actions. However, the specific impact on vascular function of Citrus phytomicronutrients, is unknown. For the first time, we investigated the effects of blond orange juice compared with a control beverage mimicking the composition of orange juice (including Vitamin C but no phytomicronutrients), on antioxidant markers, cardiovascular risk factors and endothelial function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty five male volunteers with two cardiovascular risk factors (age over 50 years and LDL-cholesterol between 130 and 190 mg/L) were enrolled in a randomized cross-over study. They received 3 times daily 200 mL of either blond orange juice or control beverage for 4 weeks, spaced by a 5-week wash-out. Endothelial function (flow mediated dilatation and plasma markers), oxidative status, lipid profile and inflammatory markers were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Daily intakes of orange juice significantly led to a marked antioxidant effect which was correlated to hesperetin plasma levels and related with a decrease in reactive oxygen species. A tendency towards reduction of endothelial dysfunction and modest increase in plasma apoA-I concentration were also observed. This allows further experiments demonstrating the specific effect of phytomicronutrients from orange juice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that daily intake of nutritionally relevant dose of blond orange juice may contribute for a significant antioxidant effect through the phytochemicals contained in. Orange juice may be associated to other healthy foods to achieve a significant effect on the vascular function. This study is recorded in ClinicalTrials.com as NCT00539916.
authors: CHU - Université de Bordeaux, ERU «Facteurs de risque vasculaires», case 49, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
authors: Joël
authors: J
authors: Constans
authors: Université de Bordeaux, Physiopathologie de la plasticité neuronale, U862, F-33077 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Physiopathologie de la plasticité neuronale, U862, F-33077 Bordeaux, France.
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Bennetau-Pelissero
authors: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Jean-François
authors: JF
authors: Martin
authors: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Edmond
authors: E
authors: Rock
authors: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Mazur
authors: CHU - Université de Bordeaux, ERU «Facteurs de risque vasculaires», case 49, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
authors: Aurélie
authors: A
authors: Bedel
authors: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Morand
authors: CHU - Université de Bordeaux, ERU «Facteurs de risque vasculaires», case 49, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: annie.berard@u-bordeaux2.fr.
authors: Annie M
authors: AM
authors: Bérard
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000032:analysis*; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012307:Risk Factors; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C505693:APOA1 protein, human; D000975:Antioxidants; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005419:Flavonoids; D064209:Phytochemicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014280:Triglycerides; D006569:Hesperidin; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; C013015:hesperetin
keywords: Flow mediated dilatation; Hesperidin; Human cross-over study; Orange juice; Oxidative stress