title: Prescription opioid abuse: Problems and responses.
abstract: Prescription opioid abuse and addiction, along with consequences such as overdose death and increasing transition to heroin use, constitute a devastating public health problem in the United States. Increasingly it is clear that overprescription of these medications over the past two decades has been a major upstream driver of the opioid abuse epidemic. This commentary considers the factors that have led to overprescription of opioids by clinicians, discusses recent evidence casting doubt on the efficacy of opioids for treating chronic pain, and describes the ongoing efforts by federal and community stakeholders to address this epidemic-for example, supporting prescription drug monitoring programs and improved clinician training in pain management to help reduce the supply of opioids, increasing dissemination of evidence-based primary prevention programs to reduce demand for opioids, and expanding access to effective opioid agonist therapies and antagonist medications for both treatment and overdose prevention.
authors: National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: wcompton@nida.nih.gov.
authors: Wilson M
authors: WM
authors: Compton
authors: National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors: Maureen
authors: M
authors: Boyle
authors: National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Wargo
mesh_terms: D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000401:mortality; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice; D006801:Humans; D057970:Inappropriate Prescribing; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D063487:Prescription Drug Misuse / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011322:Primary Prevention; D011634:Public Health; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Addiction; Overdose; Prescription opioid abuse