title: Magnesium and Dialysis: The Neglected Cation.
abstract: Disorders of magnesium homeostasis are very common in dialysis patients but have received scant attention. In this review, we address measurement of plasma magnesium, magnesium balance and the factors that affect magnesium flux during dialysis, the prevalence of hypo- and hypermagnesemia in dialysis patients, and the potential clinical significance of hypo- and hypermagnesemia in dialysis patients. Many factors can affect plasma magnesium concentration, including diet, nutritional status (including plasma albumin level), medications (such as proton pump inhibitors), and dialysis prescription. Further interventional studies to determine the effect of normalization of plasma magnesium concentration on clinical outcomes are needed. At the present time, we recommend that predialysis plasma magnesium be measured on a regular basis, with the dialysate magnesium concentration adjusted to maintain plasma magnesium concentration within the normal range.
authors: Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL; Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, IL.
authors: Mohamad
authors: M
authors: Alhosaini
authors: Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL; Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, IL. Electronic address: dleehey@lumc.edu.
authors: David J
authors: DJ
authors: Leehey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000628:therapy; D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D016171:Torsades de Pointes / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: Gibbs-Donnan effect; Magnesium; dialysis; hemodialysis; hypermagnesemia; hypomagnesemia; peritoneal dialysis; proton pump inhibitors; review