title: Protective Effect of Super-Critical Carbon Dioxide Fluid Extract from Flowers and Buds of Chrysanthemum indicum Linnén Against Ultraviolet-Induced Photo-Aging in Mice.
abstract: It is known that solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation to human skin causes photo-aging, including increases in skin thickness and wrinkle formation and reduction in skin elasticity. UV radiation induces damage to skin mainly by superfluous reactive oxygen species and chronic low-grade inflammation, which eventually up-regulate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In this study, the super-critical carbon dioxide extract from flowers and buds of Chrysanthemum indicum Linnén (CISCFE), which has been reported to possess free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties, was investigated for its photo-protective effect by topical application on the skin of mice. Moreover, CISCFE effectively suppressed the UV-induced increase in skin thickness and wrinkle grading in a dose-dependent manner, which was correlated with the inhibition of loss of collagen fiber content and epidermal thickening. Furthermore, we observed that CISCFE could obviously decrease UV-induced skin inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β [IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α), alleviate the abnormal changes of anti-oxidative indicators (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase), and down-regulate the levels of MMP-1 and MMP-3. The results indicated that CISCFE was a novel photo-protective agent from natural resources against UV irradiation.
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: Xie
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: You-Liang
authors: YL
authors: Xie
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: Xiu-Ting
authors: XT
authors: Yu
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: Zu-Qing
authors: ZQ
authors: Su
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Yuan
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: Yu-Cui
authors: YC
authors: Li
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: Zi-Ren
authors: ZR
authors: Su
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: Janis Ya-Xian
authors: JY
authors: Zhan
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .
authors: Xiao-Ping
authors: XP
authors: Lai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031202:Chrysanthemum / Q000737:chemistry*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004548:Elasticity; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003094:Collagen; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases