title: Replacement of missing posterior tooth with off-center placed single implant: Long-term follow-up outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The distal offset placement of a single implant to replace a single tooth would overcome the shortcomings of the placement of a single wide implant in the posterior region. However, long-term evaluation is still-lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients treated with a single tooth restoration supported by a distal-offset placed implant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one patients with a single restoration supported by an off-center placed implant were evaluated. The patients' demographic data were described. The known implant length was used as a reference to calibrate the linear measurements on digital periapical radiographs. Implant details, survival, and prosthetic complications were analyzed. The implant survival rate was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four implants were placed with a distal offset to support single-tooth restorations. Twenty patients were women, and patient age was 56 ± 12 years. The implants had a follow-up time from loading up to 10 years (average: 4 ± 3 years). Most of the implants were inserted in type II bone, and 85% were placed in the molar region. The distal offset placement of the implant and the selection of a wide-diameter implant resulted in a mesial bone loss of 0.85 ± 0.57 mm and distal bone loss of 0.83 ± 0.68 mm. One implant failed after 4 months from insertion, resulting in a cumulative survival rate of 97.1%. No prosthetic complications were registered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distal offset placement of an implant is an efficient option for restoring a single missing posterior tooth when mesiodistal space is limited.
authors: Scientific Director, BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; and Head, Foundation Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain. Electronic address: eduardoanitua@eduardoanitua.com.
authors: Eduardo
authors: E
authors: Anitua
authors: Private practice, Vitoria, Spain.
authors: Alia
authors: A
authors: Murias-Freijo
authors: Private practice, Vitoria, Spain.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Flores
authors: Scientist, BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.
authors: Mohammad Hamdan
authors: MH
authors: Alkhraisat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing / Q000379:methods; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome