title: Chemosensory gene families in adult antennae of Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The metallic green beetle, Anomala corpulenta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae), is a destructive pest in agriculture and horticulture throughout Asia, including China. Olfaction plays a crucial role in the survival and reproduction of A. corpulenta. As a non-model species, A. corpulenta is poorly understood, and information regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying olfaction in A. corpulenta and other scarab species is scant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We assembled separate antennal transcriptome for male and female A. corpulenta using Illumina sequencing technology. The relative abundance of transcripts with gene ontology annotations, including those related to olfaction in males and females was highly similar. Transcripts encoding 15 putative odorant binding proteins, five chemosensory proteins, one sensory neuron membrane protein, 43 odorant receptors, eight gustatory receptors, and five ionotropic receptors were identified. The sequences of all of these chemosensory-related transcripts were confirmed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and direct DNA sequencing. The expression patterns of 54 putative chemosensory genes were analyzed using quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Antenna-specific expression was detected for many of these genes, suggesting that they may have important functions in semiochemical detection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identification of a large number of chemosensory proteins provides a major resource for the study of the molecular mechanism of odorant detection in A. corpulenta and its chemical ecology. The genes identified, especially those that were expressed at high levels in the antennae may represent novel molecular targets for the development of population control strategies based on the manipulation of chemoreception-driven behaviors.
authors: Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Fushan Road 126, Licang District, Qingdao City, Shandong 266100, China.
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Fushan Road 126, Licang District, Qingdao City, Shandong 266100, China.
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Ju
authors: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors: Wencai
authors: W
authors: Jie
authors: Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Li
authors: Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Fushan Road 126, Licang District, Qingdao City, Shandong 266100, China.
authors: Xiaojing
authors: X
authors: Jiang
authors: Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Fushan Road 126, Licang District, Qingdao City, Shandong 266100, China.
authors: Jingjing
authors: J
authors: Hu
authors: Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Fushan Road 126, Licang District, Qingdao City, Shandong 266100, China.
authors: Mingjing
authors: M
authors: Qu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057506:Arthropod Antennae / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015723:Gene Library; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018035:Receptors, Odorant / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D018035:Receptors, Odorant