title: Chronic effects of six micro/nano-Cu₂O crystals with different structures and shapes on Daphnia magna.
abstract: Six micro/nano-Cu2O crystals evolved from cubes to corner-truncated cubes, vertex-truncated octahedrons and ultimately to octahedrons were synthesized in this work, and the chronic toxicity of these crystal suspensions (10 μg L(-1)) for Daphnia magna was investigated over a 30-day period. Our results indicated that the octahedrons had the most evident toxic effect, but the cubes were minimally toxic. The mortality rate of the octahedral treatment was as high as 86.7%, whereas that of the cubic treatment was only 6.7%. Significant inhibitions in growth and reproduction were observed under octahedral exposure, with reduced impacts from vertex-truncated octahedrons, corner-truncated cubes, and cubic crystals. The chronic effects of different micro/nano-Cu2O crystals were related to their solubility in the gut of the organisms. The solubility of micro/nano-Cu2O crystals was influenced by surface atomic arrangement and diverse surface activity. Thus, the structure and intestinal solubility of nanocrystals should be evaluated for long-term toxicity.
authors: Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors: Huihui
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China. Electronic address: fanwh@buaa.edu.cn.
authors: Wenhong
authors: W
authors: Fan
authors: Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Xue
authors: Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors: Xiaolong
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
authors: Xiaomin
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China. Electronic address: guolin@buaa.edu.cn.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013535:Suspensions; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D013535:Suspensions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Chronic toxicity; Daphnia magna; Micro/nano-Cu(2)O; Structure