title: Tribulus terrestris (Linn.) Attenuates Cellular Alterations Induced by Ischemia in H9c2 Cells Via Antioxidant Potential.
abstract: Tribulus terrestris L. was evaluated for its cardioprotective property against myocardial ischemia in a cell line model. Initially, methanolic extract was prepared and subjected to sequential extraction with various solvents. The extract with high phenolic content (T. terrestris L. ethyl acetate extract-TTME) was further characterized for its chemical constituents and taken forward for evaluation against cardiac ischemia. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds like caffeic acid (12.41 ± 0.22 mg g(-1)), chlorogenic acid (0.52 ± 0.06 mg g(-1)) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (0.60 ± 0.08 mg g(-1)). H9c2 cells were pretreated with TTME (10, 25, 50 and 100 µg/ml) for 24 h before the induction of ischemia. Then ischemia was induced by exposing cells to ischemia buffer, in a hypoxic chamber, maintained at 0.1% O2, 95% N2 and 5% CO2, for 1 h. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in reactive oxygen species generation (56%), superoxide production (18%), loss of plasma membrane integrity, dissipation of transmembrane potential, permeability transition pore opening and apoptosis had been observed during ischemia. However, pretreatment with TTME was found to significantly (p ≤ 0.05) attenuate the alterations caused by ischemia. The overall results of this study partially reveal the scientific basis of the use of T. terrestris L. in the traditional system of medicine for heart diseases.
authors: Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India.
authors: P L
authors: PL
authors: Reshma
authors: Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India.
authors: V S
authors: VS
authors: Lekshmi
authors: Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India.
authors: Vandana
authors: V
authors: Sankar
authors: Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India.
authors: K G
authors: KG
authors: Raghu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002460:Cell Line; D004249:DNA Damage; D006602:Hexosyltransferases / Q000302:isolation & purification; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D032444:Tribulus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D006602:Hexosyltransferases; C493952:flavonoid 1-2 rhamnosyltransferase
keywords: H9c2; Tribulus terrestris L; apoptosis; cardiac ischemia; mitochondria; oxidative stress