title: Role of Exogenous Melatonin on Cell Proliferation and Oxidant/Antioxidant System in Aluminum-Induced Renal Toxicity.
abstract: Aluminum has toxic potential on humans and animals when it accumulates in various tissues. It was shown in a number of studies that aluminum causes oxidative stress by free radical formation and lipid peroxidation in tissues and thus may cause damage in target organs. Although there are numerous studies investigating aluminum toxicity, biochemical mechanisms of the damage caused by aluminum have yet to be explained. Melatonin produced by pineal gland was shown to be an effective antioxidant. Since kidneys are target organs for aluminum accumulation and toxicity, we have studied the role of melatonin against aluminum-induced renal toxicity in rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. Group I served as control, and received only physiological saline; group II served as positive control for melatonin, and received ethanol and physiological saline; group III received melatonin (10 mg/kg); group IV received aluminum sulfate (5 mg/kg) and group V received aluminum sulfate and melatonin (in the same dose), injected three times a week for 1 month. Administration of aluminum caused degenerative changes in renal tissues, such as increase in metallothionein immunoreactivity and decrease in cell proliferation. Moreover, uric acid and lipid peroxidation levels and xanthine oxidase activity increased, while glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, paraoxonase 1, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and sodium potassium ATPase activities decreased. Administration of melatonin mostly prevented these symptoms. Results showed that melatonin is a potential beneficial agent for reducing damage in aluminum-induced renal toxicity.
authors: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey. bulan@istanbul.edu.tr.
authors: Omur
authors: O
authors: Karabulut-Bulan
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, 34320, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Bertan Boran
authors: BB
authors: Bayrak
authors: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Pelin
authors: P
authors: Arda-Pirincci
authors: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Guner
authors: G
authors: Sarikaya-Unal
authors: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Huseyin
authors: H
authors: Us
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, 34320, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Refiye
authors: R
authors: Yanardag
mesh_terms: D000534:Alum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000534:Alum Compounds; D000975:Antioxidants; D016877:Oxidants; C041524:aluminum sulfate; D008550:Melatonin
keywords: Aluminum; Cell proliferation; Kidney; Melatonin; Metallothionein; Oxidative stress; Rat