title: The first comprehensive study of praziquantel effects in vivo and in vitro on European liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus (Trematoda).
abstract: The European liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus (Rivolta, 1884) is an epidemiologically important parasite infecting mammals, including humans. Opisthorchis felineus is widespread in Russia, Kazakhstan and Eastern European countries. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug of choice for the treatment of opisthorchiasis, but the effects of this drug on O. felineus are poorly studied. The aims of this work were (i) to perform a study of PZQ effects in vitro, (ii) to identify morphological markers of PZQ action on O. felineus, (iii) to analyse damage to the worm surface and (iv) to assess the efficacy of PZQ in vivo in a hamster model. Light microscopy, optical sectioning and fluorescence microscopy were used to study morphological changes. In vivo, PZQ at a dose of 400mg/kg reduced the rate of infection in experimental acute and chronic opisthorchiasis in hamsters by 70% and 79%, respectively. In vitro, the drug caused destruction and vacuolisation of the tegument of O. felineus, contractions of the worm musculature, paralysis, and irreversible changes in morphology (IC50=0.14μg/mL). Differences in susceptibility to the drug between adult and newly excysted metacercariae were also observed. Qualitative effects of PZQ in vivo and in vitro were similar to the drug's effects on other trematodes, including epidemiologically important liver flukes. Nevertheless, high heterogeneity of O. felineus specimens in terms of susceptibility to the drug was observed. In addition, we describe for the first time the high rate of recovery of O. felineus following the destructive action of PZQ.
authors: Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogov Street, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia. Electronic address: pmaria@yandex.ru.
authors: Mariya Y
authors: MY
authors: Pakharukova
authors: Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors: Alexander G
authors: AG
authors: Shilov
authors: Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors: Darya S
authors: DS
authors: Pirozhkova
authors: Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors: Alexey V
authors: AV
authors: Katokhin
authors: Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAMS), Tymakova 2, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia.
authors: Viatcheslav A
authors: VA
authors: Mordvinov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D008647:Mesocricetus; D008853:Microscopy; D009889:Opisthorchiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology*; D009891:Opisthorchis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D011223:Praziquantel
keywords: Opisthorchis felineus; Praziquantel; Surface damage Worm reduction