title: [Principles and applications of optogenetics in neuroscience].
abstract: Numerous achievements in biology have resulted from the evolution of biophotonics, a general term describing the use of light in the study of living systems. Over the last fifteen years, biophotonics has progressively blended with molecular genetics to give rise to optogenetics, a set of techniques enabling the functional study of genetically-defined cellular populations, compartments or processes with optical methods. In neuroscience, optogenetics allows real-time monitoring and control of the activity of specific neuronal populations in a wide range of animal models. This technical breakthrough provides a new level of sophistication in experimental approaches in the field of fundamental neuroscience, significantly enhancing our ability to understand the complexity of neuronal circuits.
authors: CNRS UMR 8197, Inserm U1024, IBENS S4.9, 46, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Guillaume P
authors: GP
authors: Dugué
authors: CNRS UMR 8246, Inserm U1130, université Pierre et Marie Curie UM CR119, 9, quai Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Ludovic
authors: L
authors: Tricoire
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009488:Neurosciences / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D055355:Opsins / Q000502:physiology; D062308:Optogenetics / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010777:Photochemistry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D055355:Opsins