title: Effect of the native polysaccharide of cashew-nut tree gum exudate on murine peritoneal macrophage modulatory activities.
abstract: The native polysaccharide of cashew-nut tree gum exudate (CNTG) and its arabinogalactan-protein component (CNTG-AGP) were tested by using immuno-stimulant and anti-inflammatory in vitro assays of murine peritoneal macrophage activities. In the assay for immuno-stimulant activity (without previous treatment with lipopolysaccharide; LPS), CNTG increased the production of interleukin (IL)-10 and both CNTG and CNTG-AGP decreased the concentrations of IL6. When the macrophages were incubated in the presence of LPS and CNTG a decrease in the levels of nitric oxide (NO(·)) and IFN-γ was observed. The results could explain the popular use of CNTG as an anti-inflammatory. In addition, CNTG is the main component of the cashew-nut tree gum exudate, which has been considered a versatile polymer with potential pharmaceutical and food industry applications. These data may contribute to the study of the immunomodulation activity of plant polysaccharides, as well as encourage future experiments in the field of cashew-nut tree gum exudate applications.
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors: F T
authors: FT
authors: Yamassaki
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Lenzi
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition Department, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, P.O. BOX 09, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors: L H
authors: LH
authors: Campestrini
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Bovo
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Seyfried
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Soldera-Silva
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Centers of Biology and Healthy Sciences, Positivo University, 81280-330 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors: F R
authors: FR
authors: Stevan-Hancke
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors: S F
authors: SF
authors: Zawadzki-Baggio
authors: School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia.
authors: F A
authors: FA
authors: Pettolino
authors: ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia; Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bacic
authors: NUPPLAMED, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. BOX 19046, 81531-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: jumaurer@ufpr.br.
authors: J B B
authors: JB
authors: Maurer
mesh_terms: D031021:Anacardium / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D009088:Mucoproteins; D053149:Plant Gums; D010940:Plant Proteins; C006619:arabinogalactan proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Anacardium occidentale; Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidant; Arabinogalactan-protein; Infrared spectroscopy; Macrophage