title: Diversity and space-time dynamics of endophytic archaea from sugar beet in the north slope of Tianshan Mountain revealed by 454 pyrosequencing and T-RFLP.
abstract: Plants harbor complex and variable microbial communities. Using molecular-based techniques targeting the 16S rRNA gene, we studied the developmental stages and geographical location diversity of endophytic archaea in two locations (Shihezi and Changji) and four periods (the seedling growth, rosette formation, tuber growth and sucrose accumulation sampling periods) in the north slope of Tianshan Mountain, China. Community structure of mixed sample from 60 sugar beet plants was examined using PCR-based 454 pyrosequencing and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). In total, 5290 archaea 16S rRNA sequences were obtained from all sugar beet samples. The most abundant archaea groups in all sugar beet were Methanococci, the miscellaneous Crenarchaeotic Group and Thermoplasmata. There was a marked difference in diversity of endophytic archaea in sugar beet for different growth periods. The greatest number of Operational T-RFLP Units (OTUs) was detected during sucrose accumulation (298) and rosette formation (282). Endophytic archaea diversity was reduced during seedling growth (128 OTUs) and tuber growth (55 OTUs). Nine OTUs were common to all four periods of growth. There were more OTUs in Shihezi than in Changji. Clustering analysis and principal component analysis of T-RFLP data revealed distinct shifts in endophytic archaea community profiles that corresponded to plant growth stage rather than geographical location. The dynamics of endophytic archaea communities were influenced by plant growth stage. To our knowledge, this is the first report that archaea has been identified as endophytes associated with sugar beet by the culture-independent approach. The results suggest that the diversity of endophytic archaea is abundant in sugar beet.
authors: Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, Xinjiang, China.
authors: YingWu
authors: Y
authors: Shi
authors: MuSi
authors: M
authors: TaPa
authors: Chun
authors: C
authors: Li
authors: HongMei
authors: H
authors: Yang
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Zhang
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Gao
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Sun
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Zeng
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Lin
authors: ZhenHua
authors: Z
authors: Cao
authors: KuEr
authors: K
authors: OuTi
authors: YuGuo
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Lou
mesh_terms: D001105:Archaea / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D027461:Beta vulgaris / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000382:microbiology; D002681:China; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D060026:Endophytes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D019766:Genes, Archaeal; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S