title: Effects of dilatation types during percutaneous nephrolithotomy for less radiation exposure: a matched-pair pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate exposure to radiation during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) by comparing balloon-type renal dilatation (BTRD) and amplatz-type renal dilatation (ATRD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospectively, 454 patients were documented and matched-pair analyses were performed. According to matched-paired criteria, in Group 1 (n = 78) BTRDs were used and in Group 2 (n = 78) ATRDs were used. Demographic, operative, and postoperative data including complications were recorded. Criteria for matched-pair analyses included age, gender, stone burden and localization, body mass index, presence of obstruction in intravenous urography, diabetes mellitus, previous extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and/or renal surgery even open and/or PCNL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up was 11.9 ± 1.1 months, and mean age was 44.8 ± 13.7 years. Time to provide accessing into kidney, total time of exposure to X-ray, and time of exposure to X-ray until accessing into kidney were significantly lower in Group 1 than Group 2 (p < 0.003, 0.006, and 0.039, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BTRD may provide shorter exposure to radiation than ATRD for patients as well as operating room staff. Additionally, BTRD can provide rapid access into kidney than ATRD without significantly shorter operation time.
authors: Department of Urology, Afyon Kocatepe University School of Medicine, 03300, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors: Bünyamin
authors: B
authors: Yildirim
authors: Department of Urology, Afyon Kocatepe University School of Medicine, 03300, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors: Mutlu
authors: M
authors: Ates
authors: Department of Urology, Afyon Kocatepe University School of Medicine, 03300, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors: Mustafa
authors: M
authors: Karalar
authors: Department of Urology, Harran University School of Medicine, 63100, Sanliurfa, Turkey. yigitakin@yahoo.com.
authors: Yigit
authors: Y
authors: Akin
authors: Department of Urology, Afyon Kocatepe University School of Medicine, 03300, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors: Ibrahim
authors: I
authors: Keles
authors: Department of Urology, Baskent University, Zubeyde Hanim Research and Training Center, 35550, İzmir, Turkey.
authors: Emre
authors: E
authors: Tuzel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004106:Dilatation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D000069079:Radiation Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Nephrolithiasis; Operating room; Percutaneous nephrolithotomy; Radiation