title: Osteoclastogenesis/osteoblastogenesis using human bone marrow-derived cocultures on nanotopographical polymer surfaces.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optimised nanotopography with controlled disorder (NSQ50) has been shown to stimulate osteogenesis and new bone formation in vitro. Following osteointegration the implant interface must undergo constant remodeling without inducing immune response.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess the effect of nanotopography on bone remodelling using osteoclast and osteoblast cocultures.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a novel osteoblast/osteoclast coculture using solely human bone marrow derived mesenchymal and hematopeotic progenitor cells without extraneous supplementation. The coculture was been applied to NSQ50 or flat control polycarbonate substrates and assessed using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These confirm the presence of mature osteoclasts, osteoblasts and bone formation in coculture. Osteoblast differentiation increased on NSQ50, with no significant difference in osteoclast differentiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Controlled disorder nanotopography appears to be selectively bioactive. We recommend this coculture method to be a better in vitro approximation of the osseous environment encountered by implants.
authors: Centre for Cell Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK.
authors: Peter S
authors: PS
authors: Young
authors: Penelope M
authors: PM
authors: Tsimbouri
authors: Nikolaj
authors: N
authors: Gadegaard
authors: Robert M D
authors: RM
authors: Meek
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Dalby
mesh_terms: D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology*; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000737:chemistry; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D011108:Polymers; C005506:polycarbonate
keywords: nanotopography; osteoblast/osteoclast coculture; osteointegration; stem cells