title: Factors Associated with Recidivism among Corrections-Based Treatment Participants in Rural and Urban Areas.
abstract: The majority of corrections-based treatment outcome studies focus on individuals paroling to urban areas; thus there is a significant gap in the literature on outcomes, including recidivism, among individuals paroling to non-urban and rural communities. This study examines differences in factors associated with recidivism among former corrections-based treatment participants living in urban and rural communities following release. Analyses focused on secondary data collected from treatment participants in one southeastern state over a four year period between July 2006 and June 2010 including both baseline (treatment intake) and follow-up data (12-months post-release). Findings indicated that individuals in urban areas were 2.4 times more likely to recidivate than rural individuals. Other factors identified in separate rural and urban analyses also emerged as significant predictors in the overall model including age, gender, race, employment and drug use. Overall, these findings suggest that corrections-based treatment participants living in urban and rural areas following release may share similar risk factors for recidivism. However, rural areas may be protective for returning to custody despite the presence of some of these risks.
authors: University of Kentucky, College of Social Work, 659 Patterson Office Tower, Lexington, KY 40508. Electronic address: mstindall@uky.edu.
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Staton-Tindall
authors: University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, 643 Maxwelton Court, Lexington, KY 40506-0350. Electronic address: kathi.harp@uky.edu.
authors: Kathi L H
authors: KL
authors: Harp
authors: University of Kentucky, Center on Drug & Alcohol Research, 643 Maxwelton Court, Lexington, KY 40506-0350. Electronic address: ermcne0@uky.edu.
authors: Erin
authors: E
authors: Winston
authors: University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, 120 College of Medicine Office Bldg, Lexington, KY 40506. Electronic address: matt.webster@uky.edu.
authors: J Matthew
authors: JM
authors: Webster
authors: Kentucky Department of Corrections, 2439 Lawrenceburg Rd., Frankfort, KY 40601. Electronic address: kevin.pangburn@ky.gov.
authors: Kevin
authors: K
authors: Pangburn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003415:Crime / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D057237:Criminals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs
keywords: Corrections-based treatment; Recidivism; Rural offenders; Treatment outcomes