title: Activity of defined mushroom body output neurons underlies learned olfactory behavior in Drosophila.
abstract: During olfactory learning in fruit flies, dopaminergic neurons assign value to odor representations in the mushroom body Kenyon cells. Here we identify a class of downstream glutamatergic mushroom body output neurons (MBONs) called M4/6, or MBON-β2β'2a, MBON-β'2mp, and MBON-γ5β'2a, whose dendritic fields overlap with dopaminergic neuron projections in the tips of the β, β', and γ lobes. This anatomy and their odor tuning suggests that M4/6 neurons pool odor-driven Kenyon cell synaptic outputs. Like that of mushroom body neurons, M4/6 output is required for expression of appetitive and aversive memory performance. Moreover, appetitive and aversive olfactory conditioning bidirectionally alters the relative odor-drive of M4β' neurons (MBON-β'2mp). Direct block of M4/6 neurons in naive flies mimics appetitive conditioning, being sufficient to convert odor-driven avoidance into approach, while optogenetically activating these neurons induces avoidance behavior. We therefore propose that drive to the M4/6 neurons reflects odor-directed behavioral choice.
authors: Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, The University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Owald
authors: Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, The University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK.
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Felsenberg
authors: Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, The University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK.
authors: Clifford B
authors: CB
authors: Talbot
authors: Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, The University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK.
authors: Gaurav
authors: G
authors: Das
authors: Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, The University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK.
authors: Emmanuel
authors: E
authors: Perisse
authors: Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, The University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK.
authors: Wolf
authors: W
authors: Huetteroth
authors: Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, The University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK. Electronic address: scott.waddell@cncb.ox.ac.uk.
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Waddell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001070:Appetitive Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D004330:Drosophila / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D024521:Mushroom Bodies / Q000294:innervation*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C557617:GAL4 protein, Drosophila; D014157:Transcription Factors