title: Changing profile and increasing antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic bacteria in Madagascar.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We wanted to update the distribution of community-acquired uropathogens and to estimate their susceptibility profile to newly available antibiotics in Antananarivo (Madagascar).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a 3-year preliminary study (2011-2013) on bacteria isolated from the urine of patients at the Laboratory of Training and Research in Medical Biology (Antananarivo).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and fifty-seven pathogens were isolated: 234 (65.55%) Gram-negative bacilli and 123 (34.45%) Gram-positive cocci. The most commonly isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (89 strains) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (48 strains). Thirty-three percent of Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to 3 CG. Forty percent of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were significantly resistant to imipenem (P = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased resistance to newly available antibiotics and the increased rate of Gram-positive cocci strains require a drastic surveillance of antibiotic resistance to ensure appropriate empirical treatment.
authors: Laboratory of Training and Research in Medical Biology, 7, rue Joel-Rakotomalala - lot IIH 11 Bis Faravohitra 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar. Electronic address: travaka@yahoo.fr.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Rasamiravaka
authors: Laboratory of Training and Research in Medical Biology, 7, rue Joel-Rakotomalala - lot IIH 11 Bis Faravohitra 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors: H S L
authors: HS
authors: Shaista Sheila
authors: Laboratory of Training and Research in Medical Biology, 7, rue Joel-Rakotomalala - lot IIH 11 Bis Faravohitra 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Rakotomavojaona
authors: Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors: A O
authors: AO
authors: Rakoto-Alson
authors: Laboratory of Training and Research in Medical Biology, 7, rue Joel-Rakotomalala - lot IIH 11 Bis Faravohitra 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Rasamindrakotroka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008270:Madagascar / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Infections urinaires; Résistance aux antibiotiques; UTI