title: Cytokine profiles contribute to understanding the pathogenic difference between Good syndrome and oral lichen planus: two case reports and literature review.
abstract: We described and analyzed the pathogenic difference between Good syndrome (GS) and oral lichen planus (OLP) in oral mucosa. Good syndrome (GS) is a rare disease characterized by B and T cell immunodeficiency associated with hypogammaglobulinemia and thymoma. GS patients frequently develop oral lichenoid lesions with lymphocytic infiltration beneath the basal layer. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa characterized by destruction of basal cells by Langerhans cells, macrophages, and T lymphocytes. Although the histological features of the lesions of both diseases are very similar, the pathogenesis of GS in the oral mucosa remains unknown. In this study, we thus investigated the expression of infiltrating lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD20, CD4, and CD8) and T helper (Th) cytokines including interferon (IFN)-γ (Th1 type), interleukin (IL)-4 (Th2 type), IL-17 (Th17 type), and IL-10 (regulatory T cell type) by immunohistochemistry in buccal mucosa specimens from 2 GS patients compared with 15 OLP patients. All patients showed a predominance of CD3 T cells over CD20 B cells, and CD4 Th cells over CD8 cytotoxic T cells. This polarization was especially prominent in GS. IFN-γ and IL-10 were strongly detected in the infiltrating lymphocytes of all patients. However, IL-4 and IL-17 were detected in OLP patients only. These results suggest that the pathogenesis of GS is different from that of OLP. GS is a unique inflammatory disorder characterized by dysfunction of Th2 and Th17 immune reactions via abnormal T-B cell interaction.
authors: From the Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology (TM, MM, SK, J-NH, SF, MO, AT, MY, SN); Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (YO); and Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (YK).
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Maehara
authors: Masafumi
authors: M
authors: Moriyama
authors: Shintaro
authors: S
authors: Kawano
authors: Jun-Nosuke
authors: JN
authors: Hayashida
authors: Sachiko
authors: S
authors: Furukawa
authors: Miho
authors: M
authors: Ohta
authors: Akihiko
authors: A
authors: Tanaka
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Yamauchi
authors: Yukiko
authors: Y
authors: Ohyama
authors: Tamotsu
authors: T
authors: Kiyoshima
authors: Seiji
authors: S
authors: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013945:Thymoma / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines