title: Antifungal compounds from cyanobacteria.
abstract: Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes found in a range of environments. They are infamous for the production of toxins, as well as bioactive compounds, which exhibit anticancer, antimicrobial and protease inhibition activities. Cyanobacteria produce a broad range of antifungals belonging to structural classes, such as peptides, polyketides and alkaloids. Here, we tested cyanobacteria from a wide variety of environments for antifungal activity. The potent antifungal macrolide scytophycin was detected in Anabaena sp. HAN21/1, Anabaena cf. cylindrica PH133, Nostoc sp. HAN11/1 and Scytonema sp. HAN3/2. To our knowledge, this is the first description of Anabaena strains that produce scytophycins. We detected antifungal glycolipopeptide hassallidin production in Anabaena spp. BIR JV1 and HAN7/1 and in Nostoc spp. 6sf Calc and CENA 219. These strains were isolated from brackish and freshwater samples collected in Brazil, the Czech Republic and Finland. In addition, three cyanobacterial strains, Fischerella sp. CENA 298, Scytonema hofmanni PCC 7110 and Nostoc sp. N107.3, produced unidentified antifungal compounds that warrant further characterization. Interestingly, all of the strains shown to produce antifungal compounds in this study belong to Nostocales or Stigonematales cyanobacterial orders.
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. tania.shishido@helsinki.fi.
authors: Tânia K
authors: TK
authors: Shishido
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. anu.humisto@helsinki.fi.
authors: Anu
authors: A
authors: Humisto
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. jouni.jokela@helsinki.fi.
authors: Jouni
authors: J
authors: Jokela
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. liwei.liu@helsinki.fi.
authors: Liwei
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. matti.wahlsten@helsinki.fi.
authors: Matti
authors: M
authors: Wahlsten
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. anisha.tamrakar@helsinki.fi.
authors: Anisha
authors: A
authors: Tamrakar
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. david.fewer@helsinki.fi.
authors: David P
authors: DP
authors: Fewer
authors: Program in Structural Biology and Biophysics, Institute of Biotechnology/Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. perttu.permi@helsinki.fi.
authors: Perttu
authors: P
authors: Permi
authors: Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, 13400-970, São Paulo, Brazil. apdini@cena.usp.br.
authors: Ana P D
authors: AP
authors: Andreote
authors: Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, 13400-970, São Paulo, Brazil. fiore@cena.usp.br.
authors: Marli F
authors: MF
authors: Fiore
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. kaarina.sivonen@helsinki.fi.
authors: Kaarina
authors: K
authors: Sivonen
mesh_terms: D017033:Anabaena / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001938:Brazil; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018153:Czech Republic; D055808:Drug Discovery; D005387:Finland; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D058889:Molecular Typing; D046937:Nostoc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011714:Pyrans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000068357:Saline Waters; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D006017:Glycolipids; D055666:Lipopeptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D011714:Pyrans