title: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in a dog with acute large granular lymphocytic leukemia.
abstract: METHODS
  A 3-year-old 10-kg (22-lb) neutered male Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was referred because of an episode of acute vomiting and diarrhea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On physical examination, mild splenomegaly and prominent submandibular and popliteal lymph nodes were detected. Complete blood cell count revealed a high WBC count, characterized by a moderate lymphocytosis with 62% unclassified cells and severe thrombocytopenia with macroplatelets. On cytologic evaluation, the unclassified cells were described as large, neoplastic lymphoid cells containing a large nucleus with lacy chromatin and a large amount of blue vacuolated cytoplasm containing sparse, very fine azurophilic granules. A diagnosis of acute large granular lymphocytic leukemia of splenic origin was made.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following induction chemotherapy, the affected dog underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with dog leukocyte antigen-matched CD34+ cells harvested from a sibling of the same litter. Chimerism analysis revealed full donor engraftment within 2 weeks after transplantation that remained stable for at least 2 years, with the dog remaining apparently healthy at home.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute leukemias in dogs are rapidly fatal diseases. If an appropriate donor can be located, allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation may offer a feasible treatment, although peripheral blood CD34+ cell harvesting requires the availability of cell separator machines and management of graft-versus-host disease with immunosuppressive agents.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
authors: Steven E
authors: SE
authors: Suter
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Hamilton
authors: Edmund W
authors: EW
authors: Sullivan
authors: Gopalakrishnan M
authors: GM
authors: Venkataraman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000662:veterinary*; D054066:Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male