title: Simultaneous detection and separation of hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia using amide proton transfer MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the capability of amide proton transfer (APT) imaging in the detection of hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes using preclinical rat models.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rat intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model (n = 10) was induced by injecting bacterial collagenase VII-S into the caudate nucleus, and the permanent ischemic stroke model (n = 10) was induced by using a 4-0 nylon suture to occlude the origin of the middle cerebral artery. APT-weighted (APTw) MRI was acquired on a 4.7T animal imager and quantified using the magnetization transfer-ratio asymmetry at 3.5 ppm from water.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a consistently high APTw MRI signal in hyperacute ICH during the initial 12 h after injection of collagenase compared with the contralateral brain tissue. When hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were compared, hyperacute ICH and cerebral ischemia demonstrated opposite APTw MRI contrasts-namely, hyperintense versus hypointense compared with contralateral brain tissue, respectively. There was a stark contrast in APTw signal intensity between these two lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  APT-MRI could accurately detect hyperacute ICH and distinctly differentiate hyperacute ICH from cerebral ischemia, thus opening up the possibility of introducing to the clinic a single MRI scan for the simultaneous visualization and separation of hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes at the hyperacute stage. Magn Reson Med 74:42-50, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Meiyun
authors: M
authors: Wang
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Xiaohua
authors: X
authors: Hong
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Che-Feng
authors: CF
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Ma
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Sinan
authors: S
authors: Xiang
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Hye-Young
authors: HY
authors: Heo
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Dong-Hoon
authors: DH
authors: Lee
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Shanshan
authors: S
authors: Jiang
authors: Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Leigh
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Raymond C
authors: RC
authors: Koehler
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.|F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Peter C M
authors: PCM
authors: van Zijl
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.|F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: Jinyuan
authors: J
authors: Zhou
keywords: APT imaging; CEST imaging; intracerebral hemorrhage; molecular imaging; stroke