title: Evaluation of the inflammatory response in macrophages stimulated with exosomes secreted by Mycobacterium avium-infected macrophages.
abstract: Exosomes secreted from Mycobacterium avium-infected macrophages contain numerous antigens of both M. avium and the host cell and are involved in the induction and expression of the inflammatory responses in macrophages. The interaction between exosomes secreted from M. avium-infected macrophages and macrophage phagocytosis, cytokine secretion, immunostimulation, and apoptosis was analyzed. Upon stimulation with exosomes secreted from M. avium-infected macrophages, the phagocytosis of dextran by treated macrophages was increased. Furthermore, the expression of CD40, CD80, CD81, CD86, HLA-DR, and most notably CD195 was enhanced. Additionally, the secretion of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α was increased by stimulated macrophages. Exosome stimulation did not induce macrophage apoptosis when compared with macrophages infected with M. avium. Caspase expression, including that of caspases 3, 6, and 8, was also not altered in exosome stimulated macrophages. Thus exosomes trigger the inflammatory response in macrophages owing to the presence of bacterial antigens but have no effect on macrophage viability.
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China.
authors: Jianjun
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China.
authors: Yongliang
authors: Y
authors: Yao
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Xiong
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China.
authors: Jianhong
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Tang
authors: Department of Pathology, ChongQing Cancer Institute, Chongqing 400030, China.
authors: Guangxin
authors: G
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D020169:Caspases / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D055354:Exosomes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000276:immunology*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D020169:Caspases