title: Historical aspects of immunization and vaccine safety communication.
abstract: It has been a long journey starting from the beginnings of variolation [3] leading up to the greatest success in the history of immunization: the eradication of smallpox [39]. Today, vaccines are an acknowledged important medical advance [40]. Nevertheless, immunization has been the subject of public controversy on several occasions [15, 24, 31]. This article shall provide a short overview of some aspects of the early stages of immunization in Western countries, including some examples of vaccine safety controversies in the past.
authors: Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 41, 24105 Kiel, Germany. s.helfert@neurologie.uni-kiel.de.
authors: Stephanie M
authors: SM
authors: Helfert
mesh_terms: D022126:Access to Information / Q000266:history*; D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems / Q000266:history; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000209:etiology / Q000266:history; D058015:Health Communication / Q000266:history*; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination / Q000266:history*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000266:history; D061214:Patient Safety; D065840:Protective Factors; D011639:Public Opinion / Q000266:history*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines