title: A online NIR sensor for the pilot-scale extraction process in Fructus aurantii coupled with single and ensemble methods.
abstract: Model performance of the partial least squares method (PLS) alone and bagging-PLS was investigated in online near-infrared (NIR) sensor monitoring of pilot-scale extraction process in Fructus aurantii. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used as a reference method to identify the active pharmaceutical ingredients: naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin. Several preprocessing methods and synergy interval partial least squares (SiPLS) and moving window partial least squares (MWPLS) variable selection methods were compared. Single quantification models (PLS) and ensemble methods combined with partial least squares (bagging-PLS) were developed for quantitative analysis of naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin. SiPLS was compared to SiPLS combined with bagging-PLS. Final results showed the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of bagging-PLS to be lower than that of PLS regression alone. For this reason, an ensemble method of online NIR sensor is here proposed as a means of monitoring the pilot-scale extraction process in Fructus aurantii, which may also constitute a suitable strategy for online NIR monitoring of CHM.
authors: College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China. panxiaoning1112@163.com.
authors: Xiaoning
authors: X
authors: Pan
authors: College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China. limingyangsoul@163.com.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China. wzs@bucm.edu.cn.
authors: Zhisheng
authors: Z
authors: Wu
authors: College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China. zhangqiao0824@foxmail.com.
authors: Qiao
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China. saturday1226@163.com.
authors: Zhou
authors: Z
authors: Zheng
authors: College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China. shixinyuan01@163.com.
authors: Xinyuan
authors: X
authors: Shi
authors: College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China.
authors: Yanjiang
authors: Y
authors: Qiao
mesh_terms: D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*