title: Expanding the species and chemical diversity of Penicillium section Cinnamopurpurea.
abstract: A set of isolates very similar to or potentially conspecific with an unidentified Penicillium isolate NRRL 735, was assembled using a BLAST search of ITS similarity among described (GenBank) and undescribed Penicillium isolates in our laboratories. DNA was amplified from six loci of the assembled isolates and sequenced. Two species in section Cinnamopurpurea are self-compatible sexual species, but the asexual species had polymorphic loci suggestive of sexual reproduction and variation in conidium size suggestive of ploidy level differences typical of heterothallism. Accordingly we use genealogical concordance analysis, a technique valid only in heterothallic organisms, for putatively asexual species. Seven new species were revealed in the analysis and are described here. Extrolite analysis showed that two of the new species, P. colei and P. monsserratidens produce the mycotoxin citreoviridin that has demonstrated pharmacological activity against human lung tumors. These isolates could provide leads in pharmaceutical research.
authors: Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, Illinois, 61604, United States of America.
authors: Stephen W
authors: SW
authors: Peterson
authors: EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ, 08077, United States of America.
authors: Željko
authors: Ž
authors: Jurjević
authors: Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Bldg. 221-DTU Systems Biology, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
authors: Jens C
authors: JC
authors: Frisvad
mesh_terms: D001313:Aurovertins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D001313:Aurovertins; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D009183:Mycotoxins; C014416:citreoviridin