title: [Secondary acute myeloid leukemia in a lung allograft recipient. Report of one case].
abstract: Secondary acute myeloid leukemia is a very rare complication in patients with solid organ transplantation. We report a 62 years old female who received a right single lung allograft for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Her immunosuppression scheme consisted in prednisone, azathioprine, and tacrolimus. Two years after the transplantation, she presented with progressive pancytopenia. Bone marrow aspiration was informed as a M4 acute myeloid leukemia, confirmed by flow cytometry. Cytogenetic study was complex, including alterations in chromosome 5. A secondary acute myeloid leukemia was diagnosed. The patient developed nosocomial pneumonia and died a few days after the diagnosis, without specific treatment. The pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia is probably related to the intensive exposure to immunosuppressant, especially azathioprine, in these patients.
authors: Camila
authors: C
authors: Peña
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Sepúlveda
authors: Joel
authors: J
authors: Melo
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Guerra
mesh_terms: D001379:Azathioprine / Q000009:adverse effects; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000209:etiology*; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000150:complications; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010198:Pancytopenia / Q000150:complications; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D001379:Azathioprine; D016559:Tacrolimus