title: Somitogenesis: From somite to skeletal muscle.
abstract: Myogenesis is controlled by an elaborate system of extrinsic and intrinsic regulatory mechanisms in all development stages. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the different stages of myogenesis and muscle differentiation in mammals, starting from somitogenesis and analysis of the different portions that constitute the mature somite. Particular attention was paid to regulatory genes, in addition to mesodermal stem cells, which represent the earliest elements of myogenesis. Finally, the crucial role of growth factors, molecules of vital importance in contractile regulation, hormones and their function in skeletal muscle differentiation, growth and metabolism, and the role played by central nervous system, are discussed.
authors: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. Electronic address: g.musumeci@unict.it.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Musumeci
authors: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Castrogiovanni
authors: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors: Raymond
authors: R
authors: Coleman
authors: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors: Marta Anna
authors: MA
authors: Szychlinska
authors: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors: Lucia
authors: L
authors: Salvatorelli
authors: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors: Rosalba
authors: R
authors: Parenti
authors: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors: Gaetano
authors: G
authors: Magro
authors: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Imbesi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology*; D019170:Somites / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: Muscle differentiation; Myogenesis; Myotome; Somite; Somitogenesis