title: Sharp switches between regular and swinger mitochondrial replication: 16S rDNA systematically exchanging nucleotides A<->T+C<->G in the mitogenome of Kamimuria wangi.
abstract: Swinger DNAs are sequences whose homology with known sequences is detected only by assuming systematic exchanges between nucleotides. Nine symmetric (X<->Y, i.e. A<->C) and fourteen asymmetric (X->Y->Z, i.e. A->C->G) exchanges exist. All swinger DNA previously detected in GenBank follow the A<->T+C<->G exchange, while mitochondrial swinger RNAs distribute among different swinger types. Here different alignment criteria detect 87 additional swinger mitochondrial DNAs (86 from insects), including the first swinger gene embedded within a complete genome, corresponding to the mitochondrial 16S rDNA of the stonefly Kamimuria wangi. Other Kamimuria mt genome regions are "regular", stressing unanswered questions on (a) swinger polymerization regulation; (b) swinger 16S rDNA functions; and (c) specificity to rDNA, in particular 16S rDNA. Sharp switches between regular and swinger replication, together with previous observations on swinger transcription, suggest that swinger replication might be due to a switch in polymerization mode of regular polymerases and the possibility of swinger-encoded information, predicted in primordial genes such as rDNA.
authors: a Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Émergentes, Faculté de Médecine, URMITE CNRS-IRD 198 UMR 6236, Université d'Aix-Marseille , Marseille , France.
authors: Hervé
authors: H
authors: Seligmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001482:Base Composition; D004261:DNA Replication; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D023061:Gene Order; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D007313:Insecta / Q000235:genetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Nucleoside misinsertion; RNA elongation; polymerase fidelity; swinger polymerization; systematic nucleotide exchange; transcription