title: The 1964 Surgeon General's report and Americans' beliefs about smoking.
abstract: Half a century ago, on January 11, 1964, the U.S. Surgeon General's office released a landmark report on the health consequences of smoking. That report received massive media attention and triggered a steadily growing number of federal, state, and local restrictions on the advertising, sale, and use of cigarettes. Little is known about the report's impact on American public opinion because all the timely public opinion polls that measured the report's impact were privately commissioned by the tobacco industry and were not made publicly available. A review of these polls shows that the 1964 Surgeon General's report had a large and immediate effect on Americans' beliefs that cigarettes were a cause of lung cancer and of heart disease. However, the report had less impact on public preferences for government action or on smoking rates.
authors: Department of Political Science, University of Texas at Arlington, 601 S. Nedderman Dr., Arlington, Texas 76019-0539. Email: tmarshall@uta.edu.
authors: Thomas R
authors: TR
authors: Marshall
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D011639:Public Opinion / Q000266:history*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history* / Q000523:psychology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014481:United States; D014492:United States Public Health Service / Q000266:history / Q000592:standards*
keywords: Surgeon General; cigarettes; heart disease; lung cancer; polls; public opinion; smoking