title: A retrospective study of the effects of angiotensin receptor blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Till date, several studies have compared angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in terms of delaying the progression of diabetic nephropathy. But the superiority of one drug class over the other remains unsettled. This study has retrospectively compared the effects of ACE inhibitors and ARBs in diabetic nephropathy. The study aims to compare ACE inhibitors and ARBs in terms of delaying or preventing the progression of diabetic nephropathy, association between blood pressure (B.P) and urinary albumin and also B.P and serum creatinine with ACE inhibitor and ARB, know the percentage of hyperkalemia in patients of diabetic nephropathy receiving ACE inhibitor or ARB.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 134 patients diagnosed with diabetic nephropathy during the years 2001-2010 and having a complete follow-up were studied, out of which 99 were on ARB (63 patients of Losartan and 36 of Telmisartan) and 35 on ACE inhibitor (Ramipril).
  
  
  METHODS
  There was at least 1-month of interval between each observation made and also between the date of treatment started and the first reading that is, the observation of the 1(st) month. In total, three readings were taken that is, of the 1(st), 2(nd) and 3(rd) month after the treatment started. Comparison of the 1(st) and 3(rd) month after the treatment started was done. Mean ± standard deviation, Paired t-test, and Chi-square were used for the analysis of the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results reflect that ARBs (Losartan and Telmisartan) when compared to ACE inhibitor (Ramipril) are more effective in terms of delaying the progression of diabetic nephropathy and also in providing renoprotection. Also, ARBs have the property of simultaneously decreasing the systolic B.P and albuminuria when compared to ACE inhibitor (Ramipril).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Angiotensin receptor blockers are more renoprotective than ACE inhibitors and also provide better cardioprotection.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Bhikhiben Kanjibhai Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
authors: Jahnavi V
authors: JV
authors: Pathak
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Bhikhiben Kanjibhai Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
authors: Ervilla E
authors: EE
authors: Dass
mesh_terms: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001565:Benzoates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D019808:Losartan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017257:Ramipril / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077333:Telmisartan; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001565:Benzoates; D019808:Losartan; D017257:Ramipril; D000077333:Telmisartan
keywords: Angiotensin receptor blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; diabetes; diabetic nephropathy