title: Clinical features and prognosis of eyeball rupture: eye injury vitrectomy study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of the study was to delineate clinical characteristics, surgical interventions, anatomic and visual outcomes of ruptured eye balls after trauma, and establish the prognostic indicators, which can assist clinicians in making correct surgical decisions during globe exploration for ruptured eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study design used was a multicentre prospective cohort study, including six university-affiliated tertiary hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 242 cases of ruptured globe from the Eye Injury Vitrectomy Study database, until 31 December 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  All selected cases underwent vitreoretinal surgery, enucleation or evisceration, and were followed up for at least 6 months. Age, visual acuity (VA) after injury, ocular trauma zone, time to surgery, corneal laceration, scleral wound, extrusion of iris or lens, ciliary body damage, intraocular haemorrhage, retinal detachment or defect, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and choroidal damage were the predisposing factors evaluated by logistic regression models.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the pre-surgical indicators between cases of anatomically restored eyes with VA of 4/200 or better, or eyes with initial no light perception restored light perception or better, and cases of VA worse than 4/200, silicone oil-sustained eyes, phthisis or enucleation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly 40% of cases with ruptured globe were anatomically restored through vitreoretinal surgery. The closed-funnel retinal detachment or extensive retinal loss (odds ratio [OR] = 3.38, P = 0.026), PVR-C (OR = 3.45, P = 0.008), and choroidal damage (OR = 4.20, P = 0.004) were correlated with poor outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The closed-funnel retinal detachment or extensive retinal loss, PVR-C, and choroidal damage are the risk factors for unfavourable outcomes in globe ruptures.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Kang
authors: K
authors: Feng
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Chang-guan
authors: CG
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Yun-tao
authors: YT
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Yao
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Yan-rong
authors: YR
authors: Jiang
authors: Hospital of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors: Li-jun
authors: LJ
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiu-qin
authors: XQ
authors: Pang
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Hong-ping
authors: HP
authors: Nie
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Zhi-zhong
authors: ZZ
authors: Ma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D017234:Eye Evisceration; D015807:Eye Injuries, Penetrating / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012421:Rupture; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy; D057586:Vitreoretinal Surgery
keywords: eye injury vitrectomy study; outcome; ruptured globe; vitreoretinal surgery