title: High-Dose Inhaled Salbutamol Does Not Improve 10-km Cycling Time Trial Performance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  β2-agonists are on the World Anti-Doping Agency's list of prohibited substances; however, athletes are allowed to treat symptoms of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction with a maximal daily dose of 1600 μg of salbutamol when taken by inhalation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate whether 1600 μg of salbutamol leads to enhanced time trial performance in trained, competitive male cyclists with and without exercise-induced bronchoconstriction on the basis of inhaled dose per kilogram of body weight.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized crossover design, 20 trained male cyclists (eight with positive eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea challenge (EVH+) and 12 with negative EVH challenge (EVH-) performed two simulated 10-km time trials on a cycle ergometer 30 min after the inhalation of either 1600 μg of salbutamol or placebo. Lung function, assessed by forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), was measured immediately before and 15 min after inhalation. The main performance outcome was mean power output.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the inhalation of salbutamol, FEV1 was significantly increased by 6.4% (4.9%) versus 1.0% (4.4%) with placebo (P < 0.001). Despite this increase in FEV1, mean power output during the salbutamol time trial was not increased regardless of relative dose per kilogram of body weight and asthma status. Mean heart rate (P = 0.01), respiratory rate (P = 0.01), minute ventilation (P = 0.03) and perceived leg discomfort (P = 0.03) were significantly increased in the salbutamol condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inhalation of 1600 μg salbutamol improved FEV1 regardless of EVH status but did not improve 10-km time trial performance in trained competitive male cyclists regardless of relative dose per kilogram of body weight or EVH status. Significant increases in heart rate and minute ventilation occurred secondary to stimulation of the adrenergic nervous system.
authors: 1School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA; and 2Division of Sport Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA.
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Koch
authors: Joeungyoen Rei
authors: JR
authors: Ahn
authors: Michael Stephen
authors: MS
authors: Koehle
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D056152:Respiratory Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D013990:Tidal Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D000420:Albuterol