title: Rifampicin pharmacokinetics in children under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, India, 2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate serum levels of rifampicin (RMP) in children with tuberculosis (TB) at doses administered according to India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) 2009 report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, open label, non-randomised single-dose study in 20 children aged 5-12 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The out-patient chest clinic of a tertiary care hospital, New Delhi, India.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median RMP dose administered was 9.56 mg/kg (range 9-12.64). Peak RMP concentration (Cmax) attained was 6.24 μg/ml (range 5.44-7.61) at time to Cmax of 3.5 h (range 3-4). RMP levels were significantly lower at 2, 3 and 4 h in children administered <10 mg/kg than those who received ⩾10 mg/kg (P < 0.05). A positive correlation between the RMP dose administered and Cmax was observed (r(2) = 0.748). RMP Cmax was <8 μg/ml in all patients, a level considered too low for therapeutic efficacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low serum concentrations of RMP were attained in children under the RNTCP 2009 weight band system. Peak RMP levels appear to be lower and the single dose elimination half-life shorter in children than in adults. To optimise treatment outcomes, revisions in RMP dose in children should take into consideration age-related differences in pharmacokinetics.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Arya
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Roy
authors: Department of Paediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Lomash
authors: Department of Paediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kapoor
authors: Chest Clinic, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Khanna
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Rangari
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D010045:Outpatients; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014388:Tuberculosis, Lymph Node / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D012293:Rifampin