title: Detection and quantification of dental plaque based on laser-induced autofluorescence intensity ratio values.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of laser-induced autofluorescence (LIAF) spectroscopy to detect and quantify dental plaque. LIAF spectra were recorded in situ from dental plaque (0–3 grades of plaque index) in 300 patients with 404 nm diode laser excitation. The fluorescence intensity ratio of the emission peaks was calculated from the LIAF spectral data following which their scatter plots were drawn and the area under the receiver operating characteristics were calculated. The LIAF spectrum of clinically invisible grade-1 plaque showed a prominent emission peak at 510 nm with a satellite peak around 630 nm in contrast to grade 0 that has a single peak around 500 nm. The fluorescence intensity ratio (F510/F630) has a decreasing trend with increase in plaque grade and the ratio values show statistically significant differences (p<0.01) between different grades. An overall sensitivity and specificity of 100% each was achieved for discrimination between grade-0 and grade-1 plaque. The clinical significance of this study is that the diagnostic algorithm developed based on fluorescence spectral intensity ratio (F510/F630) would be useful to precisely identify minute amounts of plaque without the need for disclosing solutions and to convince patients of the need for proper oral hygiene and homecare practices.
authors: Government Dental College, Department of Periodontics, Medical College P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India.
authors: Betsy
authors: B
authors: Joseph
authors: National Centre for Earth Science Studies, Biophotonics Laboratory, Akkulam, Thiruvananthapuram 695031, Kerala, IndiacUniversity of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
authors: Chandra Sekhar
authors: CS
authors: Prasanth
authors: National Centre for Earth Science Studies, Biophotonics Laboratory, Akkulam, Thiruvananthapuram 695031, Kerala, IndiadRegional Cancer Centre, Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India.
authors: Jayaraj L
authors: JL
authors: Jayanthi
authors: Government Dental College, Department of Periodontics, Medical College P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India.
authors: Janam
authors: J
authors: Presanthila
authors: National Centre for Earth Science Studies, Biophotonics Laboratory, Akkulam, Thiruvananthapuram 695031, Kerala, IndiaeForus Health Pvt Ltd., 23rd Cross, Banashankari Stage II, Bangalore 560 070, India.
authors: Narayanan
authors: N
authors: Subhash
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003945:Diagnosis, Oral / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult