title: A Novel Methodology for the Simulation of Athletic Tasks on Cadaveric Knee Joints with Respect to In Vivo Kinematics.
abstract: Six degree of freedom (6-DOF) robotic manipulators have simulated clinical tests and gait on cadaveric knees to examine knee biomechanics. However, these activities do not necessarily emulate the kinematics and kinetics that lead to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. The purpose of this study was to determine the techniques needed to derive reproducible, in vitro simulations from in vivo skin-marker kinematics recorded during simulated athletic tasks. Input of raw, in vivo, skin-marker-derived motion capture kinematics consistently resulted in specimen failure. The protocol described in this study developed an in-depth methodology to adapt in vivo kinematic recordings into 6-DOF knee motion simulations for drop vertical jumps and sidestep cutting. Our simulation method repeatably produced kinetics consistent with vertical ground reaction patterns while preserving specimen integrity. Athletic task simulation represents an advancement that allows investigators to examine ACL-intact and graft biomechanics during motions that generate greater kinetics, and the athletic tasks are more representative of documented cases of ligament rupture. Establishment of baseline functional mechanics within the knee joint during athletic tasks will serve to advance the prevention, repair and rehabilitation of ACL injuries.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.|Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center, Division of Sports Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.|The Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors: Nathaniel A
authors: NA
authors: Bates
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors: Rebecca J
authors: RJ
authors: Nesbitt
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors: Jason T
authors: JT
authors: Shearn
authors: Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center, Division of Sports Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.|Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.|The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Boston, MA.
authors: Gregory D
authors: GD
authors: Myer
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. timothy.hewett@osumc.edu.|Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center, Division of Sports Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. timothy.hewett@osumc.edu.|The Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. timothy.hewett@osumc.edu.|Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. timothy.hewett@osumc.edu.|Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Orthopaedic Surgery, Family Medicine, and Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. timothy.hewett@osumc.edu.|OSU Sports Medicine, 2050 Kenny Road, Suite 3100, Columbus, OH, 43221, USA. timothy.hewett@osumc.edu.
authors: Timothy E
authors: TE
authors: Hewett
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology
keywords: ACL injury; Athletic task performance; Joint simulation; Knee biomechanics; Robotic manipulator