title: Catastrophic Thinking Is Associated With Finger Stiffness After Distal Radius Fracture Surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify demographic, injury-related, or psychologic factors associated with finger stiffness at suture removal and 6 weeks after distal radius fracture surgery. We hypothesize that there are no factors associated with distance to palmar crease at suture removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level I Academic Urban Trauma Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixteen adult patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation of their distal radius fractures; 96 of whom were also available 6 weeks after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  At suture removal, we recorded patients' demographics, AO fracture type, carpal tunnel release at the time of surgery, pain catastrophizing scale, Whiteley Index, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire, 11-point ordinal measure of pain intensity, distance to palmar crease, and active flexion of the thumb through the small finger. At 6 weeks after surgery, we measured motion, disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand, and pain intensity. Prereduction and postsurgery radiographic fracture characteristics were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Female sex, being married, specific surgeons, carpal tunnel release, AO type C fractures, and greater catastrophic thinking were associated with increased distance to palmar crease at suture removal. At 6 weeks, greater catastrophic thinking was the only factor associated with increased distance to palmar crease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Catastrophic thinking was a consistent and major determinant of finger stiffness at suture removal and 6 weeks after injury. Future research should assess if treatments that ameliorate catastrophic thinking can facilitate recovery of finger motion after operative treatment of a distal radius fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prognostic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
authors: *Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors: Teun
authors: T
authors: Teunis
authors: Arjan G J
authors: AG
authors: Bot
authors: Emily R
authors: ER
authors: Thornton
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Ring
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D058443:Catastrophization / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005384:Finger Joint / Q000473:pathology; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult