title: In vivo radiobiological assessment of the new clinical carbon ion beams at CNAO.
abstract: In this article, the in vivo study performed to evaluate the uniformity of biological doses within an hypothetical target volume and calculate the values of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) at different depths in the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) of the new CNAO (National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy) carbon beams is presented, in the framework of a typical radiobiological beam calibration procedure. The RBE values (relative to (60)Co γ rays) of the CNAO active scanning carbon ion beams were determined using jejunal crypt regeneration in mice as biological system at the entrance, centre and distal end of a 6-cm SOBP. The RBE values calculated from the iso-effective doses to reduce crypt survival per circumference to 10, ranged from 1.52 at the middle of the SOBP to 1.75 at the distal position and are in agreement with those previously reported from other carbon ion facilities. In conclusion, this first set of in vivo experiments shows that the CNAO carbon beam is radiobiologically comparable with the NIRS (National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan) and GSI (Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany) ones.
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy angelica.facoetti@cnao.it.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Facoetti
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Vischioni
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ciocca
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ferrarini
authors: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inageku, Chiba, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Furusawa
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Mairani
authors: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inageku, Chiba, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Matsumoto
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Mirandola
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Molinelli
authors: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inageku, Chiba, Japan.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Uzawa
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy.
authors: Freixas G
authors: FG
authors: Vilches
authors: CNAO Foundation, Via Campeggi 53, Pavia 27100, Italy Department of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, via Ripamonti 435, Milan, Italy University of Milan.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Orecchia
mesh_terms: D058739:Aberrant Crypt Foci / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D000818:Animals; D002244:Carbon / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005858:Germany; D007422:Intestines / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007564:Japan; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D061766:Proton Therapy; D011853:Radiobiology; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon