title: Traction Neurectomy for Treatment of Painful Residual Limb Neuroma in Lower Extremity Amputees.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the outcomes of traction neurectomy as a surgical treatment for symptomatic neuroma of the residual lower extremity and to identify clinical and/or demographic factors associated with an increased likelihood of persistent or recurrent pain after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective Cohort Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Amputee clinic at a Level I Trauma Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inclusion required a history of transfemoral or transtibial amputation and a history of symptomatic neuroma(s) at the residual limb treated with traction neurectomy. Twelve months of clinical follow-up or the recurrence of neuroma-type pains was required for inclusion. Thirty-eight patients (63 nerves) comprised the study group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Traction neurectomy for treatment of symptomatic neuroma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome was the presence or absence of persistent or recurrent neuroma-type pain at last follow-up. The secondary outcome was reoperation for persistent or recurrent symptomatic neuroma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen of 38 patients (42%) had recurrent or persistent neuroma-type pain at a mean follow-up of 37 months (range, 11-91 months), and 8/38 (21%) have undergone subsequent surgical treatment. Among the demographic and clinical features examined, only male gender was found to be a statistically significant predictor of persistent or recurrent neuroma-type pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Traction neurectomy results in a high rate of persistent or recurrent neuroma-type and that surgeons should be cautious when considering it for the treatment of symptomatic neuroma of the residual lower extremity. Furthermore, efforts to identify better surgical and nonsurgical treatments for this problem are justified.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
authors: *Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and Departments of †Rehabilitation Medicine, and ‡Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors: Mitchell A
authors: MA
authors: Pet
authors: Jason H
authors: JH
authors: Ko
authors: Janna L
authors: JL
authors: Friedly
authors: Douglas G
authors: DG
authors: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000672:Amputation Stumps / Q000601:surgery*; D000674:Amputees; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D009121:Muscle Denervation / Q000379:methods*; D019042:Muscle Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D009463:Neuroma / Q000601:surgery*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014143:Traction / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome