title: Calpain-10 gene polymorphisms and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexican mestizos.
abstract: The calpain-10 gene is expressed primarily in tissues important in glucose metabolism; thus, some of its polymorphisms have been associated with type 2 diabetes. In this study, we examined the association between the calpain-10 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-43, SNP-19, and SNP-63 and type 2 diabetes in Mexican mestizos. We included 211 patients and 152 non-diabetic subjects. Polymerase chain reaction was used to identify alleles. We compared allele, genotype, haplotype, and diplotype frequencies between both groups and used the chi-square test to calculate the risk. The allele frequency of SNP-43 allele 1 was 70% in controls and 72% in patients; the GG, GA, and AA genotype frequencies were 48.7, 42.8, and 8.5% in controls and 51.2, 41.7, and 7.1% in patients, respectively. For SNP- 19, the prevalence of allele 1 (2R) was 32% in controls and 39% in patients. In controls, homozygosity (2R/2R) was 10.5%, heterozygosity was 42.8%, and 3R/3R was 46.7%; in cases, these values were 13.3, 50.7, and 36.0%, respectively. For SNP-63, the frequency of allele 1 was 87% in controls and 83% in patients; genotype frequencies in controls were 75.7% (CC), 23% (CT), and 1.3% (TT), and were 69.7, 27.5, and 2.8%, respectively for the cases. Genotype distributions were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant intergroup differences for allele, genotype, haplotype, or diplotype frequencies were observed. We found no association between these polymorphisms and diabetes. However, our sample size was small, so the role of calpain-10 risk alleles should be further examined.
authors: Laboratorio de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
authors: V J
authors: VJ
authors: Picos-Cárdenas
authors: Laboratorio de Genética y Metabolismo, Hospital General de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Sáinz-González
authors: Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, D.F., México.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Miliar-García
authors: Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital General de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Romero-Zazueta
authors: Módulo DiabetIMSS Clínica 35, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Quintero-Osuna
authors: Facultad de Medicina e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales de Matamoros, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Matamoros, Tamaulipas, México.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Leal-Ugarte
authors: Facultad de Medicina e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales de Matamoros, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Matamoros, Tamaulipas, México.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Peralta-Leal
authors: Facultad de Medicina e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales de Matamoros, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Matamoros, Tamaulipas, México sirol1073@yahoo.com.mx.
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Meza-Espinoza
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002154:Calpain / Q000235:genetics*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D002154:Calpain; C415197:calpain 10