title: Risk and resilience factors associated with posttraumatic stress in ethno-racially diverse National Guard members in Hawai׳i.
abstract: This study examinedrisk and resilience factors associated with posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS) in an ethno-racially diverse sample of Hawai׳i National Guard members comprised of Native Hawaiians, Filipino Americans, Japanese Americans, and European Americans. In the full sample, identifying as Japanese American and higher scores on measures of perceived social support and psychological resilience were negatively associated with PTSS, while Army Guard (vs. Air Guard) status and stronger family norms against disclosing mental health problems were positively associated with PTSS. Exploratory analyses of ethno-racial subgroups identified different patterns of within and between-group correlates of PTSS. For example, when controlling for other factors, higher psychological resilience scores were negatively associated with PTSS only among Native Hawaiian and European Americans. Overall, results of this study suggest that some risk and resilience factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may extend to military populations with high numbers of Filipino American, Japanese American, and Native Hawaiian Veterans. Results further suggest differences in risk and resilience factors unique to specific ethno-racial subgroups.
authors: Clinical Informatics Service, VA Pacific Island Health Care System, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Psychiatry, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA. Electronic address: Julia.Whealin@va.gov.
authors: Julia M
authors: JM
authors: Whealin
authors: Clinical Informatics Service, VA Pacific Island Health Care System, Honolulu, HI, USA; University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
authors: Dawna
authors: D
authors: Nelson
authors: University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Stotzer
authors: Department of Psychiatry, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Guerrero
authors: Clinical Informatics Service, VA Pacific Island Health Care System, Honolulu, HI, USA; University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
authors: Megan
authors: M
authors: Carpenter
authors: National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Robert H
authors: RH
authors: Pietrzak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001213:Asian / Q000208:ethnology; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006254:Hawaii / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology; D044468:Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012944:Social Support; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cultural norms; Differences; National guard; Post traumatic stress; Racial; Social support; Veterans