title: Sulfur-Responsive Elements in the 3'-Nontranscribed Intergenic Region Are Essential for the Induction of SULFATE TRANSPORTER 2;1 Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Roots under Sulfur Deficiency.
abstract: Under sulfur deficiency (-S), plants induce expression of the sulfate transport systems in roots to increase uptake and root-to-shoot transport of sulfate. The low-affinity sulfate transporter SULTR2;1 is predominantly expressed in xylem parenchyma and pericycle cells in Arabidopsis thaliana roots under -S. The mechanisms underlying -S-inducible expression of SULTR2;1 in roots have remained unclear, despite the possible significance of SULTR2;1 for acclimation to low-sulfur conditions. In this investigation, examination of deletions and base substitutions in the 3'-intergenic region of SULTR2;1 revealed novel sulfur-responsive elements, SURE21A (5'-CAATGTATC-3') and SURE21B (5'-CTAGTAC-3'), located downstream of the SULTR2;1 3'-untranslated region. SURE21A and SULTR21B effectively induced reporter gene expression from fusion constructs under -S in combination with minimal promoters or promoters not inducible by -S, suggesting their versatility in controlling transcription. T-DNA insertions near SURE21A and SULTR21B abolished -S-inducible expression of SULTR2;1 in roots and reduced the uptake and root-to-shoot transport of sulfate. In addition, these mutations partially suppressed SULTR2;1 expression in shoots, without changing its -S-responsive expression. These findings indicate that SULTR2;1 contributes to the increase in uptake and internal translocation of sulfate driven by gene expression induced under the control of sulfur-responsive elements in the 3'-nontranscribed intergenic region of SULTR2;1.
authors: Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan Faculty of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Matsuoka, Eiheiji-town, Fukui 910-1195, Japan amaru@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors: Akiko
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3240-2843
authors: A
authors: Maruyama-Nakashita
authors: RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Watanabe-Takahashi
authors: RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
authors: Eri
authors: E
authors: Inoue
authors: RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Yamaya
authors: RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
authors: Kazuki
authors: K
authors: Saito
authors: RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824.
authors: Hideki
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8439-0533
authors: H
authors: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C476107:Sultr1;3 protein, Arabidopsis; D013455:Sulfur