title: Associations between serum potassium and sodium levels and risk of hypertension: a community-based cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several studies have examined the relationships between dietary potassium and sodium and hypertension, but few have evaluated the association between serum potassium or sodium and risk of incident hypertension. We therefore investigated the associations between serum potassium and sodium and risk of incident hypertension in a Chinese community-based population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 839 normotensive individuals without cardiovascular disease from the Chinese Multi-Provincial Cohort Study who took part in the baseline examination in 2007-2008 and the follow-up survey in 2012-2013 were included in this study. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for baseline serum potassium and sodium in relation to the risk of new-onset hypertension were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During five years of follow-up, 218 (26.0%) individuals progressed to hypertension. Logistic regression adjusting for multiple confounders showed that every 1 mEq/L increment in baseline serum potassium level was associated with a 75% increased risk of hypertension (OR: 1.75; 95%CI: 1.01-3.04; P = 0.04). Compared with adults with serum potassium level of 4.20-4.79 mEq/L, adults with level ≥ 4.80 mEq/L had an 84% increased risk of hypertension (OR: 1.84; 95%CI: 1.14-2.96; P = 0.01). There was no significant association between serum sodium and risk of hypertension (OR: 0.96; 95%CI: 0.89-1.04; P = 0.33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Baseline serum potassium level, but not baseline serum sodium level, was positively related to the risk of incident hypertension in the Chinese population.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Lu
authors: L
authors: Xi
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Yong-Chen
authors: YC
authors: Hao
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Miao
authors: M
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Guo-Qi
authors: GQ
authors: Li
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: Qi
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Fan
authors: F
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Wu-Xiang
authors: WX
authors: Xie
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Jia-Yi
authors: JY
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Lan-Ping
authors: LP
authors: Qin
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Zhao
keywords: Hypertension; Potassium; Serum; Sodium