title: Communication: influence of nanosecond-pulsed electric fields on water and its subsequent relaxation: dipolar effects and debunking memory.
abstract: Water has many intriguing and anomalous physical properties that have puzzled and titillated the scientific community for centuries, perhaps none more so than the proposition that water may retain some (permanent) "memory" of conditions (e.g., dilution) or electric fields to which it has been subject. Here, we have performed non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of liquid water in external electric-field nanosecond pulses, at 260-310 K, and gauged significant non-thermal field effects in terms of dipolar response. Response of both system- and individual-dipoles has been investigated, and autocorrelation functions of both show more significant effects in stronger fields, with more sluggish relaxation. Crucially, we show that once the field is removed, the dipoles relax, exhibiting no memory or permanent dipolar alignment. We also quantify the time scales for system dynamical-dipolar properties to revert to zero-field equilibrium behaviour.
authors: Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Massimiliano
authors: M
authors: Avena
authors: Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Marracino
authors: Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Micaela
authors: M
authors: Liberti
authors: Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Apollonio
authors: School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors: Niall J
authors: NJ
authors: English