title: Addictive disorders after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent literature suggests that some patients may develop addictive disorders after bariatric surgery, in particular after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). These may include traditional addictions and so called "behavioral addictions," although prevalence data on the latter have not been published. The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of addictive behaviors in adults after RYGB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants from a large observational study of bariatric surgery who had undergone RYGB were recruited to complete additional measures. Of 241 consented participants, 201 provided data (i.e., Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I [SCID], additional Impulsive Control Disorder Modules, and various self-report measures, including the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test [AUDIT]) to assess status before surgery and in the first 3 postoperative years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the SCID, 16 (8.0%) developed alcohol use disorder [AUD] within 3 years post-RYGB, 7 (43.8%) of whom had no history of AUD. When both the SCID and AUDIT were used to identify AUD, the corresponding numbers/percentages were 32 (18.4%) and 13 (40.6%). Data on other behavioral addictive disorders indicated 19 (9.5%) had a postsurgery disorder, 6 (31.6%) of whom had no history.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data add to a growing literature suggesting there is a substantial risk for the development of AUD after bariatric surgery. Understanding the risk for nondrug-related addictive disorders requires more data from larger studies before clear conclusions can be drawn.
authors: Neuropsychiatric Research Institute and the University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Fargo, North Dakota. Electronic address: jmitchell@nrifargo.com.
authors: James E
authors: JE
authors: Mitchell
authors: Neuropsychiatric Research Institute and the University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Fargo, North Dakota.
authors: Kristine
authors: K
authors: Steffen
authors: Neuropsychiatric Research Institute and the University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Fargo, North Dakota.
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Engel
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors: Wendy C
authors: WC
authors: King
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors: Jia-Yuh
authors: JY
authors: Chen
authors: University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Winters
authors: Massachusetts General Hospital Weight Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Stephanie
authors: S
authors: Sogg
authors: Neuropsychiatric Research Institute and the University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Fargo, North Dakota.
authors: Cindy
authors: C
authors: Sondag
authors: Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors: Melissa
authors: M
authors: Kalarchian
authors: Pacific University, Hillsboro, Oregon.
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Elder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: Addictive use disorders; Alcohol use disorders; Bariatric surgery