title: Postoperative metamorphopsia in macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: associations with visual function, vision related quality of life, and optical coherence tomography findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate postoperative metamorphopsia in macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and its association with visual function, vision related quality of life, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  45 patients with primary macula-off RRD were included. At 12 months postoperatively, data on metamorphopsia using sine amsler charts (SAC), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), letter contrast sensitivity, color vision (saturated and desaturated color confusion indexes), critical print size, reading acuity, the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25), and OCT, were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metamorphopsia was present in 39 patients (88.6%), with most of them (n = 35, 77.8%) showing only mild metamorphopsia (SAC score = 1). Patients with metamorphopsia had significantly worse postoperative BCVA (p = 0.02), critical print size (p<0.0005), and reading acuity (p = 0.001) compared to patients without metamorphopsia. Other visual function outcomes and NEI-VFQ-25 overall composite score were all also somewhat lower in patients with metamorphopsia, but this did not reach statistical significance. No association with OCT findings was present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of postoperative metamorphopsia in macula-off RRD patients is high, however, the degree of metamorphopsia is relatively low. When metamorphopsia is present, visual functions seem to be compromised, while vision related quality of life is only mildly affected.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors: Mathijs A J
authors: MA
authors: van de Put
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Jelle
authors: J
authors: Vehof
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; W.J. Kolff Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors: Johanna M M
authors: JM
authors: Hooymans
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; W.J. Kolff Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors: Leonoor I
authors: LI
authors: Los
mesh_terms: D055253:Color Vision; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*