title: Heparin/Heparan sulfate proteoglycans glycomic interactome in angiogenesis: biological implications and therapeutical use.
abstract: Angiogenesis, the process of formation of new blood vessel from pre-existing ones, is involved in various intertwined pathological processes including virus infection, inflammation and oncogenesis, making it a promising target for the development of novel strategies for various interventions. To induce angiogenesis, angiogenic growth factors (AGFs) must interact with pro-angiogenic receptors to induce proliferation, protease production and migration of endothelial cells (ECs). The action of AGFs is counteracted by antiangiogenic modulators whose main mechanism of action is to bind (thus sequestering or masking) AGFs or their receptors. Many sugars, either free or associated to proteins, are involved in these interactions, thus exerting a tight regulation of the neovascularization process. Heparin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans undoubtedly play a pivotal role in this context since they bind to almost all the known AGFs, to several pro-angiogenic receptors and even to angiogenic inhibitors, originating an intricate network of interaction, the so called "angiogenesis glycomic interactome". The decoding of the angiogenesis glycomic interactome, achievable by a systematic study of the interactions occurring among angiogenic modulators and sugars, may help to design novel antiangiogenic therapies with implications in the cure of angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
authors: Section of Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy. paola.chiodelli@unibs.it.
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Chiodelli
authors: Section of Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy. antonella.bugatti@unibs.it.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Bugatti
authors: Section of Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy. chiara.urbinati@unibs.it.
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Urbinati
authors: Section of Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy. marco.rusnati@unibs.it.
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Rusnati
mesh_terms: D043924:Angiogenesis Modulating Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D054794:Glycomics; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006493:Heparin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D043924:Angiogenesis Modulating Agents; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D006493:Heparin