title: Foci of Entotic Nuclei in Different Grades of Noninherited Renal Cell Cancers.
abstract: We report here an intriguing pattern in nuclear appearance of renal clear cell cancer. In low grade clear cell cancer, detailed examination showed that in many cells, two or more nuclei were within the confines of a single cell membrane. This likely resulted from a cell being contained within its neighboring cell. Consequently, this resulted in appearance of multicellularity. This appearance of the nuclei were not associated with mitotic figures, suggesting that these did not result from nuclear fission. Additionally, the cells containing this nuclei did not show any evidence of cytokinesis including equatorial tapering, suggesting that the process may have resulted from cytokinesis failure. In some sections of higher grade clear cell cancer, these appearance were higher, though we did not observe any frank syncytium formation. On careful observation, there were isolated events of fusion of nuclei within a single cell in different grades of renal cell cancers. There occurrence was more frequent in higher grades of clear cell renal cancer and metastatic clear cell carcinoma. These features were also demonstrable in multiple fields of lower grades of clear cell carcinoma. This phenomenon of entosis may contribute to aneuploidy and tumor progression to dysplastic stages and genomic instability in renal cancers. Future studies are aimed at delineating the cell-cell boundaries and the mechanism contributing to this observation, either from peripheral cell engulfing or failure of cytosolic division for cell separation.
authors: Department of Nephrology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
authors: Yuke
authors: Y
authors: Kong
authors: Yaojun
authors: Y
authors: Liang
authors: Jianqin
authors: J
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D057691:Entosis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: cytokinesis failure; entosis; nuclear fission; phagocytosis; ploidy; renal cell cancer