title: [Vitamin A and D status among child participants in a food supplementation program].
abstract: Vitamin A and D serum concentrations and risk factors for their deficiencies were investigated in children participating in a government-sponsored fortified milk program. The study used multivariate linear regression analysis with hierarchical selection of independent variables: socio-demographic conditions, children's health, food consumption, breastfeeding, fortified milk, exposure to sunlight, anthropometric measurements, and serum concentration of retinol and 25(OH)D. Vitamin A and vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency values were defined as < 1.05 µmol/L, < 0.7 µmol/L, < 30 ng/mL, and < 20 ng/mL, respectively. Vitamin A and D intake was inadequate. Prevalence rates for vitamin A and vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were 19%, 6%, 82%, and 58%, respectively. Factors associated with low serum vitamin A were exclusive breastfeeding for less than 120 days, low maternal schooling, maternal unemployment, more consumers of fortified milk in the family, and low serum vitamin D. Factors associated with vitamin D deficiency were low exposure to sunlight and low serum vitamin A. Nutritional education is needed to improve children's nutritional status.
authors: Aline Yukari
authors: AY
authors: Kurihayashi
authors: Rosangela Aparecida
authors: RA
authors: Augusto
authors: Fernanda Martins Dias
authors: FM
authors: Escaldelai
authors: Lígia Araújo
authors: LA
authors: Martini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D009752:Nutritional Status; D015995:Prevalence; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013472:Sunlight; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood*; D014802:Vitamin A Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D014801:Vitamin A; D014807:Vitamin D