title: miR-26a and miR-384-5p are required for LTP maintenance and spine enlargement.
abstract: Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of synaptic plasticity that results in enhanced synaptic strength. It is associated with the formation and enlargement of dendritic spines-tiny protrusions accommodating excitatory synapses. Both LTP and spine remodelling are crucial for brain development, cognition and the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the maintenance of LTP, however, is not well understood. Using next-generation sequencing to profile miRNA transcriptomes, we demonstrate that miR-26a and miR-384-5p specifically affect the maintenance, but not induction, of LTP and different stages of spine enlargement by regulating the expression of RSK3. Using bioinformatics, we also examine the global effects of miRNA transcriptome changes during LTP on gene expression and cellular activities. This study reveals a novel miRNA-mediated mechanism for gene-specific regulation of translation in LTP, identifies two miRNAs required for long-lasting synaptic and spine plasticity and presents a catalogue of candidate 'LTP miRNAs'.
authors: Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors: Qin-Hua
authors: QH
authors: Gu
authors: Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
authors: Danni
authors: D
authors: Yu
authors: Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors: Zhonghua
authors: Z
authors: Hu
authors: Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors: Xing
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors: Yanqin
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Luo
authors: Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Zhu
authors: Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors: Zheng
authors: 0000000229782531
authors: Z
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008867:Microtomy; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D051640:Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: C496901:Kcnn3 protein, rat; D035683:MicroRNAs; C543693:Mirn26 microRNA, mouse; D051640:Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels