title: Deflection of a vibrissa leads to a gradient of strain across mechanoreceptors in a mystacial follicle.
abstract: Rodents use their vibrissae to detect and discriminate tactile features during active exploration. The site of mechanical transduction in the vibrissa sensorimotor system is the follicle sinus complex and its associated vibrissa. We study the mechanics within the ring sinus (RS) of the follicle in an ex vivo preparation of the mouse mystacial pad. The sinus region has a relatively dense representation of Merkel mechanoreceptors and longitudinal lanceolate endings. Two-photon laser-scanning microscopy was used to visualize labeled cell nuclei in an ∼ 100-nl vol before and after passive deflection of a vibrissa, which results in localized displacements of the mechanoreceptor cells, primarily in the radial and polar directions about the vibrissa. These displacements are used to compute the strain field across the follicle in response to the deflection. We observe compression in the lower region of the RS, whereas dilation, with lower magnitude, occurs in the upper region, with volumetric strain ΔV/V ∼ 0.01 for a 10° deflection. The extrapolated strain for a 0.1° deflection, the minimum angle that is reported to initiate a spike by primary neurons, corresponds to the minimum strain that activates Piezo2 mechanoreceptor channels.
authors: Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and.
authors: Samuel J
authors: SJ
authors: Whiteley
authors: Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and pknutsen@physics.ucsd.edu.
authors: Per M
authors: PM
authors: Knutsen
authors: Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and.
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Matthews
authors: Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Kleinfeld
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000502:physiology*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology*; D014738:Vibrissae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Merkel cells; biomechanics; displacement; ringwulst; somatosensation; whisker