title: Reactive oxygen species regulate programmed cell death progress of endosperm in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under waterlogging.
abstract: Previous studies have proved that waterlogging stress accelerates the programmed cell death (PCD) progress of wheat endosperm cells. A highly waterlogging-tolerant wheat cultivar Hua 8 and a waterlogging susceptible wheat cultivar Hua 9 were treated with different waterlogging durations, and then, dynamic changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS), gene expressions, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in endosperm cells were detected. The accumulation of ROS increased considerably after 7 days of waterlogging treatment (7 DWT) and 12 DWT in both cultivars compared with control group (under non-waterlogged conditions), culminated at 12 DAF (days after flowering) and reduced hereafter. Waterlogging resulted in a great increase of H2O2 and O2 (-) in plasma membranes, cell walls, mitochondrias, and intercellular spaces with ultracytochemical localization. Moreover, the deformation and rupture of cytomembranes as well as the swelling and distortion of mitochondria were obvious. Under waterlogging treatment conditions, catalase (CAT) gene expression increased in endosperm of Hua 8 but activity decreased. In addition, Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene expression and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased. Compared with Hua 8, both CAT, MnSOD gene expressions and CAT, SOD activities decreased in Hua 9. Moreover, ascorbic acid and mannitol relieve the intensifying of PCD processes in Hua 8 endosperm cells induced by waterlogging. These results indicate that ROS have important roles in the PCD of endosperm cells, the changes both CAT, MnSOD gene expressions and CAT, SOD activities directly affected the accumulation of ROS in two different wheat cultivars under waterlogging, ultimately led to the PCD acceleration of endosperm.
authors: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors: Xiang-Xu
authors: XX
authors: Cheng
authors: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Yu
authors: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors: Nan
authors: N
authors: Zhang
authors: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China. zhouzhuqing@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors: Zhu-Qing
authors: ZQ
authors: Zhou
authors: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors: Qiu-Tao
authors: QT
authors: Xu
authors: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors: Fang-Zhu
authors: FZ
authors: Mei
authors: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
authors: Liang-Huan
authors: LH
authors: Qu
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death; D056625:Endosperm / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D055868:Floods; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010940:Plant Proteins; D008353:Mannitol; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Endosperm cell; Programmed cell death; Reactive oxygen species; Waterlogging; Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars