title: Influence of periodontal tissue thickness on buccal plate remodelling on immediate implants with xenograft.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of gingival thickness and bone grafting on buccal bone plate remodelling after immediate implant placement in sockets with thin buccal bone, using a flapless approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  The gingiva of eight dogs was thinned at one side of the mandible, mandibular premolars were extracted without flaps, and four implants were installed on each side at 1.5 mm from the buccal bone. The sites were randomly assigned into: TG (test group) = thin gingiva; TG + GM (TG with grafting material); CG (control group) = normal gingiva; and CG + GM (CG with grafting material). After 12 weeks the dogs were sacrificed and the samples were processed for histological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All animals exhibited a thin buccal bone initially. In all the experimental groups the buccal gap was filled with newly formed bone and the buccal bone level was slightly apical to the implant shoulder. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups for the histomorphometric parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The thickness of the buccal bone was a fundamental factor in buccal bone plate resorption, even with flapless implantation. The gingival thickness or the addition of a biomaterial in the gap did not influence the results.
authors: Department of Bucco-Maxilo-Facial Surgery and Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Luciana P
authors: LP
authors: Maia
authors: Department of Bucco-Maxilo-Facial Surgery and Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Danilo M
authors: DM
authors: Reino
authors: Department of Dental Materials an Prosthetics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Valdir A
authors: VA
authors: Muglia
authors: Department of Bucco-Maxilo-Facial Surgery and Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Adriana L G
authors: AL
authors: Almeida
authors: Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Nanci
authors: Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors: Rima M
authors: RM
authors: Wazen
authors: Department of Morphology, Stomatology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Paulo T
authors: PT
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Department of Bucco-Maxilo-Facial Surgery and Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Daniela B
authors: DB
authors: Palioto
authors: Department of Bucco-Maxilo-Facial Surgery and Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Arthur B
authors: AB
authors: Novaes
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D004285:Dogs; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology*; D064593:Heterografts / Q000637:transplantation*; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading / Q000379:methods; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000473:pathology; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: biomaterials; bone substitutes; bone-implant interactions; immediate implant placement; xenograft