title: Multiple levels of epigenetic control for bone biology and pathology.
abstract: Multiple dimensions of epigenetic control contribute to regulation of gene expression that governs bone biology and pathology. Once confined to DNA methylation and a limited number of post-translational modifications of histone proteins, the definition of epigenetic mechanisms is expanding to include contributions of non-coding RNAs and mitotic bookmarking, a mechanism for retaining phenotype identity during cell proliferation. Together these different levels of epigenetic control of physiological processes and their perturbations that are associated with compromised gene expression during the onset and progression of disease, have contributed to an unprecedented understanding of the activities (operation) of the genomic landscape. Here, we address general concepts that explain the contribution of epigenetic control to the dynamic regulation of gene expression during eukaryotic transcription. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Epigenetics and Bone.
authors: Center for Biomedical Research and FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Avenida Republica 239, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: mmontecino@unab.cl.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Montecino
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, USA. Electronic address: gary.stein@uvm.edu.
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Stein
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors: Janet
authors: J
authors: Stein
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors: Kaleem
authors: K
authors: Zaidi
authors: Center for Biomedical Research and FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Avenida Republica 239, Santiago, Chile.
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Aguilar
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D022661:RNA, Untranslated
keywords: DNA methylation; Histone modifications; Intanuclear domains; Mitotic bookmarking; RUNX2 epigenetics