title: In situ remediation technologies for mercury-contaminated soil.
abstract: Mercury from anthropogenic activities is a pollutant that poses significant risks to humans and the environment. In soils, mercury remediation can be technically challenging and costly, depending on the subsurface mercury distribution, the types of mercury species, and the regulatory requirements. This paper introduces the chemistry of mercury and its implications for in situ mercury remediation, which is followed by a detailed discussion of several in situ Hg remediation technologies in terms of applicability, cost, advantages, and disadvantages. The effect of Hg speciation on remediation performance, as well as Hg transformation during different remediation processes, was detailed. Thermal desorption, electrokinetic, and soil flushing/washing treatments are removal technologies that mobilize and capture insoluble Hg species, while containment, solidification/stabilization, and vitrification immobilize Hg by converting it to less soluble forms. Two emerging technologies, phytoremediation and nanotechnology, are also discussed in this review.
authors: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China, fenghe@zjut.edu.cn.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: He
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Gao
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Pierce
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Strong
authors: Hailong
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Liyuan
authors: L
authors: Liang
mesh_terms: D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D008628:Mercury / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D008628:Mercury