title: Imaging of reperfused intramyocardial hemorrhage with cardiovascular magnetic resonance susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report initial experience with TE-averaged susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in normal subjects and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients for the detection of intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH).
  
  
  METHODS
  15 healthy control and 11 AMI subjects were studied at 1.5T before contrast agent administration with a dark blood double inversion recovery multiple spoiled gradient-echo sequence. Magnitude, susceptibility weighted and TE-averaged images were reconstructed from raw data. Contrast and signal-difference-to-noise were measured and compared between methods for IMH detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were six patients with microvascular obstruction (MVO) and four patients with IMH detected by TE-averaged SWI imaging. All patients with IMH on SWI scans had MVO on late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) imaging. There was a three-fold increase in IMH contrast with SWI compared to magnitude images. IMH contrast decreased and signal-to-noise increased with increased TE averages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TE-averaged SWI imaging is a promising method for myocardial tissue characterization in the setting of AMI for the detection of IMH. Along with gray-scale colormap inversion, it combines not only magnitude and phase information, but also images across TEs to provide a single image sensitive to IMH with characteristics similar to LGE imaging.
authors: Department of Research and Education, Saint Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY, United States of America; Program in Biomedical Engineering, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America.
authors: James W
authors: JW
authors: Goldfarb
authors: Department of Research and Education, Saint Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY, United States of America; New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States of America.
authors: Usama
authors: U
authors: Hasan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016477:Artifacts; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio