title: Polyphenol-rich grape pomace extracts protect against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have reported that polyphenols may exert beneficial effects on inflammatory bowel disease. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of preventive consumption of polyphenol-rich red grape pomace extracts (GPEs) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. Rats were fed for 21 days with a semi-synthetic diet enriched with a GPE (Alicante-S, Alicante-P or Pinot-S) and colitis was induced by DSS administration in drinking water (40 g L(-1) ) during the last 7 days of experimentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GPEs attenuated clinical signs and colon shortening and Alicante GPEs limited histological lesions induced by DSS. GPEs curbed the increase in myeloperoxidase activity and modulated antioxidant enzyme activities. Moreover, GPEs prevented the DSS-induced increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and the up-regulation of various genes implicated in colitis such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that polyphenol-rich red GPEs could provide prevention against colon inflammation.
authors: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|3inature Biosphère, Parc Naturopôle Les Tiolans, F-03800, Saint-Bonnet-de-Rochefort, France.
authors: Ahlem
authors: A
authors: Boussenna
authors: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Juliette
authors: J
authors: Cholet
authors: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biologie Moléculaire et Nutrition, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Goncalves-Mendes
authors: CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Place Lucie-et-Raymond-Aubrac, F-63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Juliette
authors: J
authors: Joubert-Zakeyh
authors: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Fraisse
authors: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biologie Moléculaire et Nutrition, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Marie-Paule
authors: MP
authors: Vasson
authors: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Odile
authors: O
authors: Texier
authors: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Felgines
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D009195:Peroxidase; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: anthocyanins; colitis; grape pomace extract; oxidative stress; polyphenols; rat