title: Evaluation of clinical, antiinflammatory and antiinfective properties of amniotic membrane used for guided tissue regeneration: A randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiinflammatory, antiinfective and clinical properties of amniotic membrane (AM) when used for guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in contained interdental defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 30 subjects participated in this study. Two sites in each subject were randomly assigned into each of the following experimental groups; test group: AM with bone graft and control group: Bone graft only. Clinical parameters included recording site-specific measures of plaque, gingivitis, probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and human beta-defensin-2 (hBD-2) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from the test and control sites were measured by using commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits. The evaluation of bone fill was performed by using digital subtraction technique and morphometric area analysis. One-way analysis of variance followed by the post-hoc test was used for intragroup and intergroup comparison. A P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combination therapy using an AM increased bone fill and reduced PPD and CAL when compared to controls. AM also resulted in a significant reduction of GCF IL-1β levels and insignificant increase in the hBD-2 levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From this trial conducted over a period of 24 weeks, AM demonstrated a marked antiinflammatory effect and its use resulted in an improvement in periodontal parameters. AM has the potential to function as a barrier for GTR and the unique properties associated with this material can augment its potential as a matrix for periodontal regeneration.
authors: Department of Periodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors: Aravind
authors: A
authors: Kumar
authors: Department of Periodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors: Rampalli Viswa
authors: RV
authors: Chandra
authors: Department of Periodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors: Aileni Amarender
authors: AA
authors: Reddy
authors: Department of Periodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors: Bavigadda Harish
authors: BH
authors: Reddy
authors: Department of Periodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors: Chakravarthy
authors: C
authors: Reddy
authors: Department of Periodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors: Anumala
authors: A
authors: Naveen
keywords: Amnion; guided periodontal tissue regeneration; periodontal bone loss; periodontitis