title: B-vitamin status in relation to bone mineral density in treated celiac disease patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with celiac disease (CD) are at increased risk of osteoporosis and compromised B-vitamin status. Emerging evidence supports a beneficial role of folate and the metabolically related B-vitamins in bone health in generally healthy adults, but no previous study has investigated this in CD patients. The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship of folate, vitamins B12, B6 and B2 (riboflavin), and the related metabolite homocysteine, with bone mineral density (BMD) in CD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 400 treated adult CD patients invited to participate, 110 responded and met the eligibility criteria for study participation. BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, and total hip sites. Biomarker status of the relevant B-vitamins and homocysteine, and dietary B-vitamin intakes, were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The significant predictors of low BMD were increasing age (B = 0.080, p < 0.001) and decreasing weight (B = 0.072, p = 0.004), whereas no significant relationship with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (B = 0.093, p = 0.928) was observed. Following adjustment for these predictors, serum vitamin B12 (but no other B-vitamin biomarker) was found to be a significant determinant of BMD at the femoral neck (β = 0.416, p = 0.011) and total hip (β = 0.327, p = 0.049) in men only. No significant relationships were found between any of the B-vitamin biomarkers investigated and BMD (at any measured site) in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings add to current evidence suggesting a potential role of vitamin B12 in BMD, particularly in men, and show such a relationship for the first time in CD patients.
authors: Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster , Coleraine , Northern Ireland.
authors: Michelle
authors: M
authors: Clarke
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Ward
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Dickey
authors: Leane
authors: L
authors: Hoey
authors: Anne M
authors: AM
authors: Molloy
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Waldron
authors: Abraham
authors: A
authors: Varghese
authors: Adrian
authors: A
authors: McCann
authors: Jaine K
authors: JK
authors: Blayney
authors: Helene
authors: H
authors: McNulty
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D012737:Sex Factors; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood*; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D014807:Vitamin D; D005492:Folic Acid; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; D014805:Vitamin B 12
keywords: bone; celiac disease; osteoporosis; vitamin B; vitamin B12