title: Increased Risk of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Patients With Osteoporosis: A Population-based, Propensity Score-matched, Longitudinal Follow-Up Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have reported an increased prevalence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in osteoporotic patients. However, the risk of SSNHL in this population remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the risk of SSNHL in osteoporotic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Taiwan launched a single-payer National Health Insurance (NHI) program on March 1, 1995. NHI covers nearly all of Taiwan's residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using randomized representative sample of one million individuals from Taiwan's National Health Insurance claims database, we compared the data of 10,660 patients with newly diagnosed osteoporosis from 1998-2008 and with 31,980 patients without osteoporosis. All patients were tracked until SSNHL was diagnosed, death, or the end of 2011. Osteoporosis was identified based on a primary diagnosis of osteoporosis (ICD-9-CM code 7330) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Identified the diagnosis of osteoporosis and SSNHL by ICD-9CM code.
  
  
  METHODS
  The identification of patients with newly diagnosed SSNHL by ICD-9CM code.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence rates of SSNHL in the osteoporosis cohort and comparison group were 10.43 and 5.93 per 10,000 person years. Patients with osteoporosis were at 1.76 times the risk of developing SSNHL than patients without osteoporosis. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) for SSNHL was significantly greater in older (50-64 y and ≥ 65 y), and female patients, and borderline greater in hypertensive patients with osteoporosis than the controls, IRRs being 1.50, 2.33, 1.87, and 1.59.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with osteoporosis are at significantly greater risk of developing SSNHL.
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (M.C.Y., C.W.C., C.Y.Y., K.J.T.), and Department of Medical Research (S.F.W., J.J.W.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics (S.F.W.), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Cheng Shiu University (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and Department of Senior Citizen Service Management (K.J.T.), Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Mei-Chen
authors: MC
authors: Yeh
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (M.C.Y., C.W.C., C.Y.Y., K.J.T.), and Department of Medical Research (S.F.W., J.J.W.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics (S.F.W.), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Cheng Shiu University (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and Department of Senior Citizen Service Management (K.J.T.), Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Shih-Feng
authors: SF
authors: Weng
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (M.C.Y., C.W.C., C.Y.Y., K.J.T.), and Department of Medical Research (S.F.W., J.J.W.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics (S.F.W.), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Cheng Shiu University (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and Department of Senior Citizen Service Management (K.J.T.), Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Yuan-Chi
authors: YC
authors: Shen
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (M.C.Y., C.W.C., C.Y.Y., K.J.T.), and Department of Medical Research (S.F.W., J.J.W.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics (S.F.W.), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Cheng Shiu University (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and Department of Senior Citizen Service Management (K.J.T.), Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Chien-Wen
authors: CW
authors: Chou
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (M.C.Y., C.W.C., C.Y.Y., K.J.T.), and Department of Medical Research (S.F.W., J.J.W.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics (S.F.W.), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Cheng Shiu University (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and Department of Senior Citizen Service Management (K.J.T.), Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Chwen-Yi
authors: CY
authors: Yang
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (M.C.Y., C.W.C., C.Y.Y., K.J.T.), and Department of Medical Research (S.F.W., J.J.W.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics (S.F.W.), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Cheng Shiu University (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and Department of Senior Citizen Service Management (K.J.T.), Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Jhi-Joung
authors: JJ
authors: Wang
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (M.C.Y., C.W.C., C.Y.Y., K.J.T.), and Department of Medical Research (S.F.W., J.J.W.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics (S.F.W.), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Cheng Shiu University (Y.C.S.), Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and Department of Senior Citizen Service Management (K.J.T.), Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Kai-Jen
authors: KJ
authors: Tien
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D003639:Hearing Loss, Sudden / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D057216:Propensity Score; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult