title: Transcriptome analysis of the mammary gland from GH transgenic goats during involution.
abstract: Mammary glands are organs for milk production in female mammals. Growth hormone (GH) is known to affect the growth and development of the mammary gland, as well as to increase milk production in dairy goats. This study performed a comprehensive expression profiling of genes expressed in the mammary gland of early involution GH transgenic (n=4) and non-transgenic goats (n=4) by RNA sequencing. RNA was extracted from mammary gland tissues collected at day 3 of involution. Gene expression analysis was conducted by Illumina RNA sequencing and sequence reads were assembled and analyzed using TopHat. FPKM (fragments per kilobase of exon per million) values were analyzed for differentially expressed genes using the Cufflinks package. Gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes was categorized using agriGO, while KEGG pathway analysis was performed with the online KEGG automatic annotation server. Our results revealed that 75% of NCBI goat annotated genes were expressed during early involution. A total of 18,323 genes were expressed during early involution in GH transgenic goats, compared with 18,196 expressed genes during early involution of non-transgenic goats. In these expressed genes, the majority (17,589) were ubiquitously expressed in GH transgenic and non-transgenic goats. However, there were 745 differentially expressed genes, 421 of which were upregulated and 324 were downregulated in GH transgenic goats. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that these genes were involved in mammary gland physiology, including cell adhesion molecules, ECM-receptor interaction, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, and fat metabolism. Our results demonstrated that the GH receptor was strongly affected in GH transgenic goats, which may activate the IGF-1/Stat3 signaling pathway. Overall, our study provided a global view of the transcriptome during involution of GH transgenic and non-transgenic goats, which increases our understanding of the biology of involution in the goat.
authors: College of Veterinary, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Lin
authors: College of Veterinary, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors: Ze Kun
authors: ZK
authors: Bao
authors: College of Veterinary, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: College of Veterinary, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors: Wei Wei
authors: WW
authors: Hu
authors: College of Veterinary, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors: Qing Hua
authors: QH
authors: Yu
authors: Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, PR China. Electronic address: zxbyq@njau.edu.cn.
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D006041:Goats / Q000235:genetics*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics; D053612:Janus Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D007774:Lactation / Q000235:genetics; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000378:metabolism*; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000235:genetics; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D012313:RNA; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone; D053612:Janus Kinases
keywords: Biology of involution; GH transgenic goat; Mammary gland development; Transcriptome analysis