title: The effects of educational interventions on pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs towards low back pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Practitioner beliefs and attitudes towards low back pain (LBP) influence treatment decisions. Little is known about pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs towards LBP.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of educational interventions on pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs towards LBP. Setting Sydney Metropolitan Area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs was measured using the "Pharmacists' Back Beliefs Questionnaire", with items from two previously reported questionnaires on back beliefs. Responses from pharmacists attending a 2-h educational workshop on LBP (n = 204) and pharmacists recruiting participants for a LBP clinical trial (n = 66) were compared to responses from a control group of pharmacists (n = 65) to allow an evaluation of the two interventions. Responses from workshop participants were also evaluated before and after the session. Participants indicated their agreement with statements about LBP on a 5-point Likert scale. Preferred responses were based on guidelines for the evidence-based management of LBP. The primary analysis evaluated total score on the nine-inevitability items of the Back Beliefs Questionnaire ("inevitability score").
  
  
  METHODS
  Inevitability score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in inevitability score between LBP clinical trial pharmacists and the control group [mean difference (MD) 0.47 (95 % CI -1.35 to 2.29; p = 0.61)]. The educational workshop led to a significant and favourable change in inevitability score (MD 7.23 p < 0.001) and notable changes in responses to misconceptions regarding bed rest and the need for imaging (p < 0.001) among participating pharmacists.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacists attending the educational workshop provided the most compelling evidence that education specifically aimed at delivering evidence-based information can be successful in changing practitioner knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards LBP.
authors: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Pharmacy Building A15, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
authors: Christina
authors: C
authors: Abdel Shaheed
authors: Christopher G
authors: CG
authors: Maher
authors: Wendy
authors: W
authors: Mak
authors: Kylie A
authors: KA
authors: Williams
authors: Andrew J
authors: AJ
authors: McLachlan
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004493:Education; D004513:Education, Pharmacy, Continuing; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000082:Acetaminophen