title: Gene expression of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis is sex dependent in mice with growth hormone receptor deletion in liver.
abstract: Mitochondrial biogenesis is an essential process for cell viability. Mice with disruption of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene (Ghr gene) in the liver (LiGHRKO), in contrast to long-lived mice with global deletion of the Ghr gene (GHRKO), are characterized by lack of improved insulin sensitivity and severe hepatic steatosis. Tissue-specific disruption of the GHR in liver results in a mouse model with dramatically altered GH/IGF1 axis. We have previously shown increased levels of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis in insulin-sensitive GHRKO mice. The aim of the present study is to assess, using real-time PCR, the gene expression of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis (Pgc1α, Ampk, Sirt1, Nrf2 and Mfn2) and a marker of mitochondrial activity (CoxIV) in brains, kidneys and livers of male and female LiGHRKO and wild-type (WT) mice. There were significant differences between males and females. In the brain, expression of Pgc1α, Ampk, Sirt1, Nrf2 and Mfn2 was lower in pooled females compared to pooled males. In the kidneys, expression of Ampk and Sirt1 was also lower in female mice. In the liver, no differences between males and females were observed. Sexual dimorphism may play an important role in regulating the biogenesis of mitochondria.
authors: Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
authors: Ilona
authors: I
authors: Zawada
authors: College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.|Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland.
authors: Michal M
authors: MM
authors: Masternak
authors: Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.|Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
authors: Edward O
authors: EO
authors: List
authors: Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors: Michael B
authors: MB
authors: Stout
authors: Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.|School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.|Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
authors: Darlene E
authors: DE
authors: Berryman
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland.|Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland.
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Lewinski
authors: Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.|Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
authors: John J
authors: JJ
authors: Kopchick
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA.
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Bartke
authors: Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.|Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland.
authors: Malgorzata
authors: M
authors: Karbownik-Lewinska
authors: Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.|Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA.
authors: Adam
authors: A
authors: Gesing
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D051268:GA-Binding Protein Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D063269:Mitochondrial Turnover; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051268:GA-Binding Protein Transcription Factor; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; C485290:Ppargc1a protein, mouse; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D014157:Transcription Factors; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C470545:Sirt1 protein, mouse; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; C488751:Mfn2 protein, mouse
keywords: gene disruption; growth hormone receptor; knockout mice; mitochondrial biogenesis; sexual dimorphism; tissue-specific gene disruption