title: Gingival crevicular blood for screening of blood glucose level in patients with & without diabetes: a chair-side test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetes is a pandemic disease with increasing prevalence and serious complications. Periodontitis being one of its presentation and is its sixth recognized complication. This study compares blood glucose levels in gingival crevicular blood of patients with and without diabetes elicited during routine periodontal probing and venous blood sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy patients with moderate gingivitis and periodontitis positive for bleeding on probing were chosen. All the subjects were divided in two groups, group I consisted of 35 diabetic and group II of 35 non-diabetic subjects. Blood from the gingiva of the most inflamed site was collected with the test strip of a glucose self-monitoring device, and the blood glucose levels were measured. At the same time, intravenous blood was collected for measurement in a laboratory glucose analyzer. Gingival index and probing pocket depth were evaluated for each subject at same time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean GCB levels and VB derived from all samples were 156.07 ± 49.23 mg dl(-1) and 156 ± 49.89 mg dl(-1) , respectively, for diabetic group and 90.80 ± 11.07 and 93.41 ± 9.30 for non-diabetic group. In both the groups, the difference between GCB and VB glucose levels was non-significant (P > 0.005). Highly significant correlation between GCB and VB (r = 0.972 for diabetic and r = 0.721 for non-diabetic) in both the groups was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data from this study show that GCB collected during diagnostic periodontal examination can be an excellent source for estimation of blood sugar or glucometric analysis. This technique is also suitable for routine screening of diabetic and early diagnosis of unknown diabetic cases.
authors: Government Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
authors: M V
authors: MV
authors: Bhavsar
authors: Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
authors: N A
authors: NA
authors: Brahmbhatt
authors: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Sahayata
authors: Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
authors: N V
authors: NV
authors: Bhavsar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket; D010518:Periodontitis
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: bleeding on probing; diabetes mellitus; gingival crevicular blood; screening