title: Maternal obesity in sheep increases fatty acid synthesis, upregulates nutrient transporters, and increases adiposity in adult male offspring after a feeding challenge.
abstract: Maternal obesity in women is increasing worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in adipose tissue metabolism and function in adult male offspring from obese and control fed mothers subjected to an ad libitum feeding challenge. We developed a model in which obese ewes were fed 150% of feed provided for controls from 60 days before mating to term. All ewes were fed to requirements during lactation. After weaning, F1 male offspring were fed only to maintenance requirements until adulthood (control = 7, obese = 6), when they were fed ad libitum for 12 weeks with intake monitored. At the end of the feeding challenge offspring were given an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), necropsied, and adipose tissue collected. During the feeding trial F1obese males consumed more (P < 0.01), gained more weight (P < 0.01) and became heavier (P < 0.05) than F1control males. During IVGTT, Obese F1 offspring were hyperglycemic and hypoinsulinemic (P < 0.01) compared to F1 control F1. At necropsy perirenal and omental adipose depots weights were 47% and 58% greater respectively and subcutaneous fat thickness 41% greater in F1obese vs. F1control males (P < 0.05). Adipocyte diameters were greater (P ≤ 0.04) in perirenal, omental and subcutaneous adipose depots in F1obese males (11, 8 and 7% increase vs. control, respectively). When adipose tissue was incubated for 2 hrs with C-14 labeled acetate, subcutaneous, perirenal, and omental adipose tissue of F1 obese males exhibited greater incorporation (290, 83, and 90% increase vs. control, respectively P < 0.05) of acetate into lipids. Expression of fatty acid transporting, binding, and syntheses mRNA and protein was increased (P < 0.05) compared to F1 control offspring. Maternal obesity increased appetite and adiposity associated with increased adipocyte diameters and increased fatty acid synthesis in over-nourished adult male offspring.
authors: Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America; Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America.
authors: Nathan M
authors: NM
authors: Long
authors: Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America.
authors: Daniel C
authors: DC
authors: Rule
authors: Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America; Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America.
authors: Nuermaimaiti
authors: N
authors: Tuersunjiang
authors: Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America; Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas, Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America.
authors: Peter W
authors: PW
authors: Nathanielsz
authors: Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America; Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America.
authors: Stephen P
authors: SP
authors: Ford
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012756:Sheep / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids