title: Use of indocyanine green for optical analysis of cortical infarcts in photothrombotic ischemic brains.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently used techniques for diagnosing ischemic injury, such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, are not easily accessible for basic research using small animals due to their high cost and low availability.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the dynamic recovery of infarct regions in ischemia-injured brains using indocyanine green (ICG), which is inexpensive and readily available. This dye was used to visualize blood vessels and infarct area, and to measure blood flow after a photothrombotic ischemic operation (PIO). Mice were injected with ICG via the tail vein, and a time-series of fluorescence signal images was acquired before and after PIO. We then applied color codes to arteries and veins in the images and analyzed ICG intensity and dynamics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These time-series stacked images showed changes in pial vessel morphology after PIO. Further, a map of maximum fluorescence intensity showed an infarct in the dorsal cortical region. Changes in the blood flow index and mean transit time were also observed in the infarct region after PIO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our application of ICG imaging provided a range of information on PIO-induced infarcts in mice with relative ease and in a cost-effective manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that optical imaging using ICG combined with a time-series analysis of molecular dynamics can be a useful tool for the anatomical and physiological monitoring of cortical ischemia.
authors: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Hoeki-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hye-Min
authors: HM
authors: Kang
authors: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Hoeki-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Inkyung
authors: I
authors: Sohn
authors: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Hoeki-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: psychan@khu.ac.kr.
authors: Chan
authors: C
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005453:Fluorescence; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007208:Indocyanine Green
keywords: Cerebral cortex; Indocyanine green; Near-infrared imaging; Neurological disorders; Photothrombotic ischemic operation