title: Plasmodium falciparum susceptibility to standard and potential anti-malarial drugs in Dakar, Senegal, during the 2013-2014 malaria season.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 2006, the Senegalese National Malaria Control Programme recommended artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. Since the introduction of ACT, there have been very few reports on the level of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to anti-malarial drugs. An ex vivo susceptibility study was conducted on local isolates obtained from the Hôpital Principal de Dakar (Dakar, Senegal) from November 2013 to January 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen P. falciparum isolates were sussessfully assessed for ex vivo susceptibility to chloroquine (CQ), quinine (QN), monodesethylamodiaquine (MDAQ), the active metabolite of amodiaquine, mefloquine (MQ), lumefantrine (LMF), artesunate (AS), dihydroartemisinin (DHA), the active metabolite of artemisinin derivatives, pyronaridine (PND), piperaquine (PPQ), and, Proveblue (PVB), a methylene blue preparation, using the HRP2-based ELISA test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of isolates with reduced susceptibility was 55.6% for MQ, 50% for CQ, 5.6% for QN and MDAQ, and 0% for DHA, AS and LMF. The mean IC₅₀ for PND, PPQ and PVB were 5.8 nM, 32.2 nM and 5.3 nM, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of isolates with a reduced susceptibility to MQ remains high and stable in Dakar. Since 2004, the prevalence of CQ resistance decreased, but rebounded in 2013 in Dakar. PND, PPQ and PVB showed high in vitro activity in P. falciparum parasites from Dakar.
authors: Bécaye
authors: B
authors: Fall
authors: Cheikhou
authors: C
authors: Camara
authors: Mansour
authors: M
authors: Fall
authors: Aminata
authors: A
authors: Nakoulima
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Dionne
authors: Bakary
authors: B
authors: Diatta
authors: Yaya
authors: Y
authors: Diemé
authors: Boubacar
authors: B
authors: Wade
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Pradines
mesh_terms: D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D015995:Prevalence; D012675:Senegal / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials