title: Intracellular Self-Assembly and Disassembly of (19)F Nanoparticles Confer Respective "Off" and "On" (19)F NMR/MRI Signals for Legumain Activity Detection in Zebrafish.
abstract: (19)F MRI has higher selectivity but lower sensitivity than (1)H MRI for in vivo diagnosis. Therefore, to avoid using a high injection dose of the (19)F probe while, in the meantime, maintaining the high sensitivity of (19)F MRI has remained challenging. Local self-assembly and disassembly of (19)F nanoparticles could be one of the "smart" strategies to achieve this goal. Herein, we report a dual-functional probe 1 for glutathione (GSH)-controlled self-assembly and subsequent legumain (Lgmn)-controlled disassembly of its nanoparticles (i.e., 1-NPs). Self-assembly and disassembly of 1-NPs confer (19)F magnetic resonance (MR) signals "off" and "on", respectively. Employing this strategy, we successfully applied 1 for consecutive detections of GSH and Lgmn in vitro and in cells, imaging Lgmn activity in HEK 293T tumors in zebrafish at a low dosage under 14.1 T.
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: Yuan
authors: Shuchao
authors: S
authors: Ge
authors: §High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
authors: Hongbin
authors: H
authors: Sun
authors: Xuejiao
authors: X
authors: Dong
authors: §High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
authors: Hongxin
authors: H
authors: Zhao
authors: Linna
authors: L
authors: An
authors: Jia
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: §High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
authors: Junfeng
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Hu
authors: Gaolin
authors: G
authors: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015195:Drug Design; D005461:Fluorine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D015027:Zebrafish; D000099240:Asparaginyl Endopeptidase
chemical_list: D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D005461:Fluorine; D005978:Glutathione; D000099240:Asparaginyl Endopeptidase
keywords: 19F MRI; disassembly; legumain; self-assembly; zebrafish