title: Translation into Greek and initial validity and reliability testing of a modified version of the SCIM III, in both English and Greek, for self-use.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To translate and culturally adapt the Spinal Cord Injury Measure version III (SCIM III) into Greek (GR-SCIM III). To conduct initial testing of psychometric properties of both measures by self-report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forward-backward translation was conducted to produce the GR-SCIM III. Participants completed the English or Greek versions in 2008-2009. Both versions were examined for multidimensionality, internal consistency and concurrent/criterion validity with the EQ-5D.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-five Greek adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) (23 males), mean age 61 (SD17) years; mean time since injury 11 (SD9) years, completed the GR-SCIM III. One hundred and seventy four English-speaking adults with SCI (111 males), mean age 47 (SD12) years; mean time since injury 12 (SD11) years, completed the SCIM III. Unidimensionality was confirmed for both versions. Internal consistency was acceptable (α = 0.78 for both). Validity was strong for the "self-care" subscale (GR-SCIM III ρ = -0.78, SCIM III ρ = -0.75) and moderate for the "mobility" subscale (GR-SCIM III ρ = -0.58, SCIM III ρ = -0.45).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This has been the first function scale translated and validated in Greek for people with SCI. Both the GR-SCIM III and SCIM III are reliable for use by self-report. More studies are needed to further examine their psychometric properties and compare with observation or interview.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Greek version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure version III (SCIM) is valid and reliable for self-report. Further testing is needed to assess psychometric qualities not assessed in the present study. Researchers and therapists in Greece can use a specific measure to assess functional independence in people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Consideration needs to be given to the participants' type of injury, which may affect the results of SCIM III.
authors: a Honorary Contract with the Chronic Fatigue Research and Treatment Unit , South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Part of King's Health Partners , London , UK .|b Institute for Vocational Training, IEK OAED & Public IEK , Kavala , Greece .
authors: Christina
authors: C
authors: Michailidou
authors: c Department of Primary Care and Population Health , UCL , London , UK , and.
authors: Louise
authors: L
authors: Marston
authors: d Centre for Research in Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University , London , UK.
authors: Lorraine H
authors: LH
authors: De Souza
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D057566:Self Report; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014177:Translations
keywords: Greek version; reliability; self-report; spinal cord independence measure III; spinal cord injury; validation