title: Penile brachytherapy-Retrospective review of a single institution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the results of exclusive brachytherapy (BT) to treat patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma confined to the glans or prepuce.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of 25 patients treated for T1-T2 penile cancer with exclusive interstitial BT between July 1989 and March 2014 at our institution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median followup was 9.2 years (range, 0-19). The mean patient age was 65.3 years (range, 51-80). Most patients underwent exclusive low-dose-rate BT (56%; n = 14) or pulsed-dose-rate BT (40%; n = 10). Only 1 patient received high-dose-rate BT (4%). The median prescribed dose was 60 Gy. Eight patients died during follow-up because of systemic progression (one case) and other intercurrent causes (seven cases). Two failures were recorded (one local and one regional), both at 4 months after BT. The remaining patients continued follow-up at our institution and maintained response. Two patients underwent partial phallectomy for toxicity. At the time of this report, 12 of the 25 patients are alive and free of disease. The most common late toxicities were telangiectasia, urethral stenosis, and atrophy, in 48%, 43%, and 17.4% of patients, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BT with low dose rate/pulsed dose rate provides excellent locoregional control for small (≤4 cm) T1-T2 squamous cell carcinoma of the penile glans.
authors: Serviço de Radioterapia, Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Pimenta
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Barcelona, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: cgutierrezm@iconcologia.net.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Gutierrez
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Girona, Girona, Spain.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Mosquera
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Barcelona, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Pera
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Barcelona, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Evelyn
authors: E
authors: Martínez
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Barcelona, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Bradley
authors: B
authors: Londres
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Barcelona, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Pino
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Barcelona, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Sergio
authors: S
authors: Moreno
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Barcelona, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Garcia
authors: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Instituto Catalán de Oncologia - Barcelona, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Ferran
authors: F
authors: Guedea
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001284:Atrophy / Q000209:etiology; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D010413:Penis / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013684:Telangiectasis / Q000209:etiology; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Brachytherapy; Penile cancer; Retrospective analysis