title: The Relationship Between the Surface Morphology and Chemical Composition of Gunshot Residue Particles.
abstract: In this study, chemical composition and morphology of gunshot residue (GSR) of 9 × 19 mm Parabellum-type MKE (Turkey)-brand ammunition were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. GSR samples were collected by "swab" technique from the shooter's right hand immediately after shooting. According to general principles of thermodynamics, it is likely that the structures will have a more regular (homogeneous) spherical form to minimize their surface area due to very high temperatures and pressures that occur during explosion. Studied samples were collected under the same conditions with the same original ammunition, from the same firearm and a single shooter. This is because many other variables may affect size, structure, and composition in addition to the concentrations of elements of the structure. Results indicated that the chemical compositions are effective in the formation of GSR morphological structures.
authors: Department of Criminal Police Laboratories, Turkish National Police, 06830, Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey.|Department of Physics, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Ilker
authors: I
authors: Kara
authors: Department of Physics, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Sefer Bora
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9635-6770
authors: SB
authors: Lisesivdin
authors: Department of Chemistry, Ankara Criminal Police Laboratory, 06830, Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Mehmet
authors: M
authors: Kasap
authors: Department of Chemistry, Ankara Criminal Police Laboratory, 06830, Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Elif
authors: E
authors: Er
authors: Department of Chemistry, Ankara Criminal Police Laboratory, 06830, Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Ugur
authors: U
authors: Uzek
keywords: SEM-EDS examination; firearms examination; forensic science; gunshot residues; primer mixtures