title: Basal and exercise induced label-free quantitative protein profiling of m. vastus lateralis in trained and untrained individuals.
abstract: Morphological and metabolic adaptations of the human skeletal muscle to exercise are crucial to improve performance and prevent chronic diseases and metabolic disorders. In this study we investigated human skeletal muscle protein composition in endurance trained (ET) versus untrained individuals (UT) and its modulation by an acute bout of endurance exercise. Participants were recruited based on their VO2max and subjected to a bicycle exercise test. M. vastus lateralis biopsies were taken before and three hours after exercise. Muscle lysates were analyzed using off-gel LC-MS/MS. Relative protein abundances were compared between ET and UT at rest and after exercise. Comparing UT and ET, we identified 92 significantly changed proteins under resting conditions. Specifically, fiber-type-specific and proteins of the oxidative phosphorylation and tricarboxylic acid cycle were increased in ET. In response to acute exercise, 71 proteins in ET and 44 in UT were altered. Here, a decrease of proteins involved in energy metabolism accompanied with alterations of heat shock and proteasomal proteins could be observed. In summary, long-term endurance training increased the basal level of structural and mitochondrial proteins in skeletal muscle. In contrast, acute exercise resulted in a depletion of proteins related to substrate utilization, especially in trained athletes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The investigation of the human skeletal muscle proteome in response to exercise may provide novel insights into the process of muscular plasticity. It is of importance in the development of exercise-based strategies in the prevention and therapy of many chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases which are often accompanied by muscular deconditioning. Up to date, proteomic investigations of the human muscle proteome in adaptation to exercise are mainly focused on untrained individuals and often restricted to animal studies. In the present study we compare the protein composition in endurance trained athletes and untrained individuals in the resting muscle and its modulation in response to acute exercise. To our knowledge, we present the first comprehensive analysis of skeletal muscle proteome alterations in response to acute and long-term exercise intervention.
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
authors: Marius
authors: M
authors: Schild
authors: Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Parkstr. 1, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
authors: Aaron
authors: A
authors: Ruhs
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Beiter
authors: Division of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Parkstr. 11, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Zügel
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Jens
authors: J
authors: Hudemann
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Reimer
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
authors: Ilke
authors: I
authors: Krumholz-Wagner
authors: Division of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Parkstr. 11, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
authors: Carola
authors: C
authors: Wagner
authors: Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors: Janine
authors: J
authors: Keller
authors: Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Eder
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
authors: Karsten
authors: K
authors: Krüger
authors: CECAD Research Center, Institute of Genetics, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
authors: Marcus
authors: M
authors: Krüger
authors: Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Parkstr. 1, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Braun
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Nieß
authors: Division of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Parkstr. 11, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Steinacker
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany. Electronic address: Frank-Christoph.Mooren@sport.uni-giessen.de.
authors: Frank C
authors: FC
authors: Mooren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins
keywords: Endurance exercise; Energy metabolism; Label free mass spectrometry; Muscular plasticity; Oxidative phosphorylation; Skeletal muscle proteome