title: Induction of Th17 cells by segmented filamentous bacteria in the murine intestine.
abstract: Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming commensals that reside in the gut of many animal species. Described more than forty years ago, SFB have recently gained interest due to their unique ability to modulate the host immune system through induction of IgA and Th17 cells. Here, we describe a collection of methods to detect and quantify SFB and SFB adhesion in intestinal mucosa, as well as SFB-specific CD4 T cells in the lamina propria. In addition, we describe methods for purification of SFB from fecal material of SFB-monoassociated gnotobiotic mice. Using these methods we examine the kinetics of SFB colonization and Th17 cell induction. We also show that SFB colonize unevenly the intestinal mucosa and that SFB adherence occurs predominantly in the terminal ileum and correlates with an increased proportion of SFB-specific Th17 cells.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States.
authors: Adam M
authors: AM
authors: Farkas
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States.
authors: Casandra
authors: C
authors: Panea
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States.
authors: Yoshiyuki
authors: Y
authors: Goto
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States.
authors: Gaku
authors: G
authors: Nakato
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Galan-Diez
authors: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Seiko
authors: S
authors: Narushima
authors: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kenya
authors: K
authors: Honda
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States. Electronic address: ii2137@columbia.edu.
authors: Ivaylo I
authors: II
authors: Ivanov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000276:immunology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016936:Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Bacteria / Q000276:immunology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D064307:Microbiota / Q000276:immunology; D013559:Symbiosis; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: CD4 T cells; Commensal microbiota; Intestinal epithelial cells; Mucosa-associated bacteria; SFB; Segmented filamentous bacteria; Th17 cells