title: An assessment of sexual dimorphism in relation to facial asymmetry in esthetically pleasing faces.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study is to detect gender-wise difference in the skeletal asymmetry in the esthetically pleasing faces.
  
  
  METHODS
  a cross sectional study was conducted on 25 females and 25 males of age 18 -25 years using the posterior-anterior cephalograms. The selected part of grummon's frontal analysis for analyzing the vertical skeletal asymmetries, mandibular morphology, transverse asymmetry and mandibular deviation was used. The obtained data was subjected to independent student's't' test for comparing the difference between males and females.
  
  
  RESULTS
  there was statistically significant difference between the males and females for the measurements like Gonion-Menton length for the mandibular morphology and for the transverse parameters like zygomatico frontal suture length, jular length and antegonial notch length. There was no significant difference for the sidedness of asymmetry for the males and females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  frontal facial asymmetry showed sexual dimorphism with males showing greater asymmetric values than the females. The asymmetry showed right sided prominence for both the males and females. This knowledge can be utilized for planning facial reconstruction and remodeling surgeries.
authors: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Goneka Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
authors: Yagnesh
authors: Y
authors: Rajpara
authors: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Darshan Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
authors: Tarulatha R
authors: TR
authors: Shyagali
keywords: Asymmetry; Grummon’s Analysis; Sexual Dimorphism; posterior-anterior cephalogram