title: Time course of immediate early gene protein expression in the spinal cord following conditioning stimulation of the sciatic nerve in rats.
abstract: Long-term potentiation induced by conditioning electrical stimulation of afferent fibers is a widely studied form of synaptic plasticity in the brain and the spinal cord. In the spinal cord dorsal horn, long-term potentiation is induced by a series of high-frequency trains applied to primary afferent fibers. Conditioning stimulation (CS) of sciatic nerve primary afferent fibers also induces expression of immediate early gene proteins in the lumbar spinal cord. However, the time course of immediate early gene expression and the rostral-caudal distribution of expression in the spinal cord have not been systematically studied. Here, we examined the effects of sciatic nerve conditioning stimulation (10 stimulus trains, 0.5 ms stimuli, 7.2 mA, 100 Hz, train duration 2 s, 8 s intervals between trains) on cellular expression of immediate early genes, Arc, c-Fos and Zif268, in anesthetized rats. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on sagittal sections obtained from Th13- L5 segments of the spinal cord at 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 h post-CS. Strikingly, all immediate early genes exhibited a monophasic increase in expression with peak increases detected in dorsal horn neurons at 2 hours post-CS. Regional analysis showed peak increases at the location between the L3 and L4 spinal segments. Both Arc, c-Fos and Zif268 remained significantly elevated at 2 hours, followed by a sharp decrease in immediate early gene expression between 2 and 3 hours post-CS. Colocalization analysis performed at 2 hours post-CS showed that all c-Fos and Zif268 neurons were positive for Arc, while 30% and 43% of Arc positive neurons were positive for c-Fos and Zif268, respectively. The present study identifies the spinal cord level and time course of immediate early gene (IEGP) expression of relevance for analysis of IEGPs function in neuronal plasticity and nociception.
authors: Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway.
authors: Ognjen
authors: O
authors: Bojovic
authors: Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway.
authors: Debabrata
authors: D
authors: Panja
authors: Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway.
authors: Margarethe
authors: M
authors: Bittins
authors: Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway.
authors: Clive R
authors: CR
authors: Bramham
authors: Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway.
authors: Arne
authors: A
authors: Tjølsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000378:metabolism*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; C486110:Egr1 protein, rat; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; C092069:activity regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein