title: Identification of novel adipokines in the joint. Differential expression in healthy and osteoarthritis tissues.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Emerging data suggest that several metabolic factors, released mainly by white adipose tissue (WAT) and joint tissues, and collectively named adipokines, might have a role in the pathophysiology of OA. Recently, novel adipokines such as SERPINE2, WISP2, GPNMB and ITIH5 have been identified in WAT. The main goal of this study was to analyse the expression of these novel adipokines in synovium, infrapatellar fat pad and chondrocytes and to compare the expression of these molecules in healthy and OA tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Synovial tissues, infrapatellar fat pad and chondrocytes were obtained from 36 OA patients (age 52-85; mean BMI 28.9) who underwent total knee replacement surgery. Healthy synovial tissues and infrapatellar fat pad were obtained from 15 traumatic knee patients (age 23-53; mean BMI 23.5). mRNA and protein expression were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the novel adipokines, matter of our study, are expressed in OA synovium, infrapatellar fat pad and chondrocytes. Moreover, we detected a differential expression of SERPINE2 and ITIH5 in OA synovial tissues as compared to healthy samples. Finally, we also observed an increased expression of WISP2 in OA infrapatellar fat pad in comparison to healthy controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study we demonstrated for the first time the expression of four novel adipokines in different joint tissues and how these molecules are differentially expressed in healthy and OA joint tissues.
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), the NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Conde
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), the NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Morena
authors: M
authors: Scotece
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), the NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain.
authors: Vanessa
authors: V
authors: Abella
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), the NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Rodolfo
authors: R
authors: Gómez
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), the NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Verónica
authors: V
authors: López
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), the NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Villar
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), Division of Orthopaedics Surgery and Traumatology, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Hermida
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), Division of Orthopaedics Surgery and Traumatology, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Jesús
authors: J
authors: Pino
authors: University of Santiago de Compostela, Department of Medicine and SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Division of Rheumatology, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Juan Jesús
authors: JJ
authors: Gómez-Reino
authors: SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), the NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Oreste
authors: O
authors: Gualillo
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D053491:Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058258:Serpin E2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins; C413323:CCN5 protein, human; C503042:GPNMB protein, human; C482680:ITIH5 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053491:Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C545486:SERPINE2 protein, human; D058258:Serpin E2