title: Biological activities and DNA interactions of Amanita ovoidea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Amanita ovoidea (Bull.) Link (Amanitaceae) is a well-known species due to its pleasant aroma and flavor since ancient times in the worldwide. This species is also known in Turkey and people consume it extensively.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate medicinal importance of A. ovoidea for human health, to explain the effect of mushroom extracts on bacterial DNA, and to find preventive role on bacterial disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chloroform, acetone, and methanol extracts of A. ovoidea were tested for the antimicrobial activities against four Gram-positive bacteria, five Gram-negative bacteria, and yeast using a micro-dilution method. In addition, DNA binding, DNA cleavage activity, and restriction enzyme digestion of the methanol extract of A. ovoidea were examined at different concentrations (40.000-78.125 µg/mL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value observed against the test micro-organisms was with the chloroform extract (MIC 19.5 µg/mL concentration) against Candida albicans. Other highest antimicrobial effects observed against the test micro-organisms were with the methanol extracts against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Salmonella enteritidis (MICs, 78 µg/mL concentrations). All concentrations reduced the mobility of plasmid DNA. BamHI and HindIII targeted specially to supercoils and cut them. Amanita ovoidea extract prevented cutting with HindIII by binding especially to the AA region in open circular DNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Present results demonstrated that A. ovoidea has excellent antimicrobial and antifungal activities by its DNA interaction activity on pBR322.
authors: Department of Biology, Selcuk University, Science Faculty , Campus, Konya , Turkey.
authors: Hasan Hüseyin
authors: HH
authors: Doğan
authors: Emine
authors: E
authors: Arslan
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000737:chemistry; D000545:Amanita / Q000737:chemistry; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002725:Chloroform / Q000737:chemistry; D006088:Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010957:Plasmids / Q000187:drug effects*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012997:Solvents; D000096:Acetone; D002725:Chloroform; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; DNA binding; DNA cleavage; micro-dilution