title: Alternating Sitting and Standing Increases the Workplace Energy Expenditure of Overweight Adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine whether alternating bouts of sitting and standing at work influences daily workplace energy expenditure (EE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three overweight/obese office workers (mean ± SD; age: 48.2 ± 7.9 y, body mass index: 29.6 ± 4.0 kg/m2) undertook two 5-day experimental conditions in an equal, randomized order. Participants wore a "metabolic armband" (SenseWear Armband Mini) to estimate daily workplace EE (KJ/8 h) while working (1) in a seated work posture (SIT condition) or (2) alternating between a standing and seated work posture every 30 minutes using a sit-stand workstation (STAND-SIT condition). To assess the validity of the metabolic armband, a criterion measure of acute EE (KJ/min; indirect calorimetry) was performed on day 4 of each condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Standing to work acutely increased EE by 0.7 [95% CI 0.3-1.0] KJ/min (13%), relative to sitting (P = .002). Compared with indirect calorimetry, the metabolic armband provided a valid estimate of EE while standing to work (mean bias: 0.1 [-0.3 to 0.4] KJ/min) but modestly overestimated EE while sitting (P = .005). Daily workplace EE was greatest during the STAND-SIT condition (mean condition difference [95% CI]: 76 [8-144] KJ/8-h workday, P = .03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intermittent standing at work can modestly increase daily workplace EE compared with seated work in overweight/obese office workers.
authors: Dept of Neurovascular Hypertension and Kidney Disease, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors: Alicia Ann
authors: AA
authors: Thorp
authors: Bronwyn A
authors: BA
authors: Kingwell
authors: Coralie
authors: C
authors: English
authors: Louise
authors: L
authors: Hammond
authors: Parneet
authors: P
authors: Sethi
authors: Neville
authors: N
authors: Owen
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Dunstan
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000628:therapy*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*