title: Aerobic sludge granulation at high temperatures for domestic wastewater treatment.
abstract: With inoculum sludge from a conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plant, three sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) fed with synthetic wastewater were operated at different high temperatures (30, 40 and 50±1°C) to study the formation of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for simultaneous organics and nutrients removal with a complete cycle time of 3h. The AGS were successfully cultivated with influent loading rate of 1.6CODg(Ld)(-1). The COD/N ratio of the influent wastewater was 8. The results revealed that granules developed at 50°C have the highest average diameter, (3.36mm) with 98.17%, 94.45% and 72.46% removal efficiency observed in the system for COD, ammonia and phosphate, respectively. This study also demonstrated the capabilities of AGS formation at high temperatures which is suitable to be applied for hot climate conditions.
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Institute of Environment and Water Resource Management, WATER Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: hakim_90@rocketmail.com.
authors: Mohd Hakim
authors: MH
authors: Ab Halim
authors: Institute of Environment and Water Resource Management, WATER Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Engineering Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: aznah@utm.my.
authors: Aznah
authors: A
authors: Nor Anuar
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
authors: Siti Izaidah
authors: SI
authors: Azmi
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
authors: Nur Syahida Abdul
authors: NS
authors: Jamal
authors: Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
authors: Norhaliza Abdul
authors: NA
authors: Wahab
authors: Institute of Environment and Water Resource Management, WATER Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
authors: Zaini
authors: Z
authors: Ujang
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Taibah, 30001 Universities Road, Al Madinah Al Monawarah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Amjad
authors: A
authors: Shraim
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Taibah, 30001 Universities Road, Al Madinah Al Monawarah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Mustafa M
authors: MM
authors: Bob
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000641:Ammonia / Q000737:chemistry; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D019149:Bioreactors; D002980:Climate; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000641:Ammonia; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010710:Phosphates; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater; D014873:Water Pollutants
keywords: Aerobic granules; High temperature; SBR; Start-up; Wastewater treatment