title: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: consensus conference-based guidelines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard technique for gallbladder diseases in both acute and elective surgery. Nevertheless, reports from national surveys still seem to represent some doubts regarding its diffusion. There is neither a wide consensus on its indications nor on its possible related morbidity. On the other hand, more than 25 years have passed since the introduction of LC, and we have all witnessed the exponential growth of knowledge, skill and technology that has followed it. In 1995, the EAES published its consensus statement on laparoscopic cholecystectomy in which seven main questions were answered, according to the available evidence. During the following 20 years, there have been several additional guidelines on LC, mainly focused on some particular aspect, such as emergency or concomitant biliary tract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2012, several Italian surgical societies decided to revisit the clinical recommendations for the role of laparoscopy in the treatment of gallbladder diseases in adults, to update and supplement the existing guidelines with recommendations that reflect what is known and what constitutes good practice concerning LC.
authors: Department of Surgery, Presidio Ospedaliero di Adria (RO), Adria, RO, Italy, fagresta@libero.it.
authors: Ferdinando
authors: F
authors: Agresta
authors: Fabio Cesare
authors: FC
authors: Campanile
authors: Nereo
authors: N
authors: Vettoretto
authors: Gianfranco
authors: G
authors: Silecchia
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Bergamini
authors: Pietro
authors: P
authors: Maida
authors: Pietro
authors: P
authors: Lombari
authors: Piero
authors: P
authors: Narilli
authors: Domenico
authors: D
authors: Marchi
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Carrara
authors: Maria Grazia
authors: MG
authors: Esposito
authors: Stefania
authors: S
authors: Fiume
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Miranda
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Barlera
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Davoli
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000601:surgery; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000601:surgery; D003245:Consensus Statements as Topic; D005260:Female; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D042882:Gallstones / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D018579:Patient Selection; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome