title: Effect of a combination of duloxetine with hydroxyzine on experimental models of anxiety in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a strong association between depression and anxiety. Duloxetine, an antidepressant agent, is also used in the treatment of anxiety. Hydroxyzine is preferred over benzodiazepines in the treatment of anxiety. Present study was designed to study the impact of a combination of duloxetine with hydroxyzine in treatment of anxiety.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline (10 ml/kg), duloxetine alone (10 mg/kg), hydroxyzine alone (10 mg/kg), and hydroxyzine plus duloxetine (5 mg/kg, each).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The in vivo results (elevated plus maze and light/dark transition tests) showed significant anxiolytic activity with the hydroxyzine treatment than the control group. The brain monoamines were significantly increased in hippocampi, cerebral cortices, and whole brain in drug-treated groups than in the control group. The group receiving the combination showed similar results in the in vivo models and in vitro tests (brain monoamine estimations) than respective monotherapies, with the exception of a greater increase of norepinephrine levels in cerebral cortices in duloxetine-treated group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination of duloxetine with hydroxyzine is not beneficial in anxiolytic treatment than the respective monotherapies. There is a need to study the pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions to understand the present study outcomes.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, SPP SPTM, NMIMS University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Sonam
authors: S
authors: Patel
authors: Department of Pharmacology, SPP SPTM, NMIMS University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India ; Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Pravin Popatrao
authors: PP
authors: Kale
authors: Department of Pharmacology, SPP SPTM, NMIMS University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Veeranjaneyulu
authors: V
authors: Addepalli
authors: Department of Pharmacology, SPP SPTM, NMIMS University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Amrita
authors: A
authors: Sarkar
authors: Department of Pharmacology, SPP SPTM, NMIMS University, Vile Parle West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Jay
authors: J
authors: Savai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006919:Hydroxyzine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D006919:Hydroxyzine; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride
keywords: Antidepressant drugs; anxiety; duloxetine; hydroxyzine