title: Phytoremediation using microbially mediated metal accumulation in Sorghum bicolor.
abstract: Reclaiming land that has been anthropogenically contaminated with multiple heavy metal elements, e.g., during mining operations, is a growing challenge worldwide. The use of phytoremediation has been discussed with varying success. Here, we show that a careful examination of options of microbial determination of plant performance is a key element in providing a multielement remediation option for such landscapes. We used both (a) mycorrhiza with Rhizophagus irregularis and (b) bacterial amendments with Streptomyces acidiscabies E13 and Streptomyces tendae F4 to mediate plant-promoting and metal-accumulating properties to Sorghum bicolor. In pot experiments, the effects on plant growth and metal uptake were scored, and in a field trial at a former uranium leaching heap site near Ronneburg, Germany, we could show the efficacy under field conditions. Different metals could be extracted at the same time, with varying microbial inoculation and soil amendment scenarios possible when a certain metal is the focus of interest. Especially, manganese was extracted at very high levels which might be useful even for phytomining approaches.
authors: Microbial Communication, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany.
authors: René
authors: R
authors: Phieler
authors: Applied Geology, Institute of Earth Science, Friedrich Schiller University, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany.
authors: Dirk
authors: D
authors: Merten
authors: Bio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll-Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Roth
authors: Applied Geology, Institute of Earth Science, Friedrich Schiller University, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany.
authors: Georg
authors: G
authors: Büchel
authors: Microbial Communication, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany. Erika.Kothe@uni-jena.de.
authors: Erika
authors: E
authors: Kothe
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005858:Germany; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008906:Mining; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D045868:Sorghum / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Field trial; Heavy metals; Phytoremediation; Pot experiments; Rhizophagus; Sorghum bicolor; Streptomyces