title: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers with potent and broad spectrum antimicrobial activity from the marine sponge Dysidea.
abstract: Three polybrominated diphenyl ethers, 2-(2',4'-dibromophenoxy)-3,5-dibromophenol (1) and 2-(2',4'-dibromophenoxy)-3,4,5-tribromophenol (2) were isolated from the marine sponge Dysidea granulosa; and 2-(2',4'-dibromophenoxy)-4,6-dibromophenol (3) from Dysidea spp. They exhibited potent and broad spectrum in vitro antibacterial activity, especially against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated against 12 clinical and standard strains of Gram positive and negative bacteria. The observed MIC range was 0.1-4.0mg/L against all the Gram positive bacteria and 0.1-16.0mg/L against Gram negative bacteria. 2-(2',4″-Dibromophenoxy)-3,5-dibromophenol showed stronger broad spectrum antibacterial activity than other two compounds. 2-(2',4″-Dibromophenoxy)-3,5-dibromophenol and 2-(2',4'-dibromophenoxy)-4,6-dibromophenol are thermo-stable. The results suggest that 2-(2',4'-dibromophenoxy)-3,5-dibromophenol could be used as a potential lead molecule for anti-MRSA, anti-E. coli O157:H7, and anti-Salmonella for drug development.
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, 5045 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
authors: Shi
authors: S
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, 5045 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
authors: Corene B
authors: CB
authors: Canning
authors: Nutrition and Food Management, Human Environmental Sciences, Box 118, University of Central Oklahoma, 100 N. University Drive, Edmond, OK 73034, United States.
authors: Kanika
authors: K
authors: Bhargava
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, 5045 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
authors: Xiuxiu
authors: X
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, 5045 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
authors: Wenjun
authors: W
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, 5045 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
authors: Ninghui
authors: N
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, 5045 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
authors: Yifan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, 5045 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States. Electronic address: kzhou@wayne.edu.
authors: Kequan
authors: K
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001966:Bromine / Q000737:chemistry; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D001966:Bromine
keywords: Dysidea; Escherichia coli O157:H7; Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA); Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Salmonella