title: Prognostic Factors and Postoperative Recurrence of Calculus Following Small-Incision Sphincterotomy with Papillary Balloon Dilation for the Treatment of Intractable Choledocholithiasis: A 72-Month Follow-Up Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the recurrence of common bile duct stones and risk factors for recurrence following routine endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) versus small-incision endoscopic sphincterotomy plus endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EST-EPBD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred patients who were hospitalized between June 2007 and June 2008 with common bile duct stones >10 mm in diameter were randomly assigned to the EST or EST-EPBD group. We compared the short-term (≤3 years) and long-term (>3 years) recurrence of ductal stones in the two groups over a 72-month follow-up period. Potential risk factors were evaluated using a logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 291 patients completed the study. The short-term recurrence rate in the EST group was not significantly higher than that in the EST-EPBD group (P > 0.05). The long-term recurrence rate for the EST group was significantly higher than that for the EST-EPBD group (P < 0.05). The serum level of cholesterol, body mass index, gallstones, maximum stone diameter, number of stones, and mechanical lithotripsy were risk factors for the recurrence of ductal stones. Minimal size of the duodenal papilla incision was a protective factor with regard to the recurrence of ductal stones. Cholecystectomy, sex, and age were not associated with the recurrence of ductal stones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Small-incision EST-EPBD has a similar overall success rate and a significantly lower rate of the recurrence of ductal stones, compared with those of EST alone. Thus, the curative effect of EST-EPBD is better than that of EST alone. Minimal size of the duodenal papilla incision protects against the recurrence of ductal stones.
authors: Department of Gastroentorology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250000, P. R. China.
authors: Hailian
authors: H
authors: Mu
authors: Jianfei
authors: J
authors: Gao
authors: Qingyin
authors: Q
authors: Kong
authors: Kaitong
authors: K
authors: Jiang
authors: Cuiyue
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Aihua
authors: A
authors: Wang
authors: Xianzhong
authors: X
authors: Zeng
authors: Yanqing
authors: Y
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D042883:Choledocholithiasis / Q000601:surgery*; D004106:Dilatation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult