title: Iohexol clearance for determination of glomerular filtration rate in rats induced to acute renal failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is considered an especially important tool for the measurement of renal function. Inulin clearance (InCl) is the classic reference method for this purpose, although it is associated with a number of disadvantages; thus, other markers have been proposed, including iohexol. Determination of iohexol clearance (IoCl) has been established for clinical use; however, its application as a GFR marker in experimental rat models has not been reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to standardize a methodology for the measurement of iohexol clearance and to evaluate its applicability as a marker of GFR in rats with induced toxic acute renal failure (ARF), using InCl as the gold standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six Wistar male rats (200-300 g) were divided into the following two groups: a control group (n=7) and an ARF group (n=19). ARF was induced by the subcutaneous administration of cisplatin (5 mg/kg); IoCl and InCl were determined simultaneously, and plasma creatinine (pCreat) dosage was measured colorimetrically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pCreat, InCl and IoCl levels were consistent with the expected values for the renal function ranges of the evaluated animals, and the IoCl and InCl levels were significantly correlated (r=0.792). An inverse moderate linear correlation between the IoCl and pCreat measurements (r=-0.587) and between the InCl and pCreat measurements (r=-0.722) were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm a correlation between IoCl and the gold standard of GFR, InCl measurement. IoCl offers a relevant advantage over InCl because determination of the former allows the animal to live after the procedure.
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors: Michelle T
authors: MT
authors: Passos
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors: Sonia K
authors: SK
authors: Nishida
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors: Niels O S
authors: NO
authors: Câmara
authors: Department of Nephrology, University of Sao Paulo-School of Medicine, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors: Maria Heloisa
authors: MH
authors: Shimizu
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors: Gianna
authors: G
authors: Mastroianni-Kirsztajn
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000652:urine*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000737:chemistry; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D007444:Inulin / Q000652:urine; D007472:Iohexol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007472:Iohexol; D007444:Inulin; D003404:Creatinine; D002945:Cisplatin