title: Depression and cardiovascular disease.
abstract: There is a wealth of evidence linking depression to increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and worse outcomes among patients with known CVD. In addition, there are safe and effective treatments for depression. Despite this, depression remains under-recognized and undertreated in patients at risk for or living with CVD. In this review, we first summarize the evidence linking depression to increased risk of CVD and worse patient outcomes. We then review the mechanisms by which depression may contribute to cardiovascular risk and poor cardiovascular outcomes. We then summarize prior studies of depression treatment on cardiovascular outcomes. Finally, we offer guidance in the identification and management of depression among CVD populations. Given that 1 in 4 CVD patients has concurrent depression, application of these best-practices will assist providers in achieving optimal outcomes for their CVD patients.
authors: Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Colorado Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Consortium, Denver, CO. Electronic address: Steven.Bradley@va.gov.
authors: Steven M
authors: SM
authors: Bradley
authors: Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Colorado Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Consortium, Denver, CO.
authors: John S
authors: JS
authors: Rumsfeld
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors