title: How to calculate the non-synonymous to synonymous rate ratio of protein-coding genes under the Fisher-Wright mutation-selection framework.
abstract: First principles of population genetics are used to obtain formulae relating the non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rate ratio to the selection coefficients acting at codon sites in protein-coding genes. Two theoretical cases are discussed and two examples from real data (a chloroplast gene and a virus polymerase) are given. The formulae give much insight into the dynamics of non-synonymous substitutions and may inform the development of methods to detect adaptive evolution.
authors: Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK mario.barros@ucl.ac.uk.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Dos Reis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics; D003062:Codon; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009154:Mutation; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; C502893:PB2 protein, influenza virus; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: adaptive evolution; chloroplast; influenza; non-synonymous/synonymous ratio; selection; substitution