title: Fasting plasma glucose as initial screening for diabetes and prediabetes in irish adults: The Diabetes Mellitus and Vascular health initiative (DMVhi).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 2 diabetes has a long pre clinical asymptomatic phase. Early detection may delay or arrest disease progression. The Diabetes Mellitus and Vascular health initiative (DMVhi) was initiated as a prospective longitudinal cohort study on the prevalence of undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, diabetes risk and cardiovascular risk in a cohort of Irish adults aged 45-75 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Members of the largest Irish private health insurance provider aged 45 to 75 years were invited to participate in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  already diagnosed with diabetes or taking oral hypoglycaemic agents. Participants completed a detailed medical questionnaire, had weight, height, waist and hip circumference and blood pressure measured. Fasting blood samples were taken for fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Those with FPG in the impaired fasting glucose (IFG) range had a 75gm oral glucose tolerance test performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  122,531 subjects were invited to participate. 29,144 (24%) completed the study. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 1.8%, of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was 7.1% and of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was 2.9%. Dysglycaemia increased among those aged 45-54, 55-64 and 65-75 years in both males (10.6%, 18.5%, 21.7% respectively) and females (4.3%, 8.6%, 10.9% respectively). Undiagnosed T2D, IFG and IGT were all associated with gender, age, blood pressure, BMI, abdominal obesity, family history of diabetes and triglyceride levels. Using FPG as initial screening may underestimate the prevalence of T2D in the study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the largest screening study for diabetes and prediabetes in the Irish population. Follow up of this cohort will provide data on progression to diabetes and on cardiovascular outcomes.
authors: Vhi Healthcare Ltd, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Margaret
authors: M
authors: Sinnott
authors: Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Brendan T
authors: BT
authors: Kinsley
authors: Vhi Healthcare Ltd, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Abaigeal D
authors: AD
authors: Jackson
authors: Department of Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Cathal
authors: C
authors: Walsh
authors: Vhi Healthcare Ltd, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Tony
authors: T
authors: O'Grady
authors: Steno Diabetes Center, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark.
authors: John J
authors: JJ
authors: Nolan
authors: The Adelaide and Meath Hospital incorporating the National Children's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Gaffney
authors: The Adelaide and Meath Hospital incorporating the National Children's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Gerard
authors: G
authors: Boran
authors: University College Dublin School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Cecily
authors: C
authors: Kelleher
authors: Vhi Healthcare Ltd, Dublin, Republic of Ireland; University College Dublin School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
authors: Bernadette
authors: B
authors: Carr
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007343:Insurance Carriers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose