title: A Controlled, Randomized, Double-blind Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Vegetables and Whole Grain Powder That Is Rich in Dietary Fibers on Bowel Functions and Defecation in Constipated Young Adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated the effect of vege-powder (VP), mainly consisted of chicory, broccoli, and whole grains, on bowel habit improvement and constipation alleviation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the Roman standard II, 96 male and female subjects in their twenties with constipation symptoms were divided into a control group or VP group. Subjects in a control group were supplied with rice flakes-powder (RFP) and subjects in the VP group were provided with 30 g of VP twice daily for 4 weeks. Constipation relief effectiveness was surveyed on 5-point Likert scales depending on stool hardness, amount of stool, sensation of incomplete evacuation, and straining to defecate at day 0, 14, and 28 of RFP or VP intake.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeated measures analysis of variance analysis revealed that VP intake caused significant temporal changes in stool hardness, amount, sensation of incomplete evacuation, and straining to defecate. In addition, significant differences between control and VP groups were found in stool hardness, amount, sensation of incomplete evacuation, and straining to defecate at day 14 and 28 of experimental diet consumption. VP supplement for 2 weeks significantly increased the evacuation frequency (1.04 ± 0.71), compared to control group (0.41 ± 0.64) and this increase was maintained at 4 week of diet supplements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This result showed that constipated subjects who consumed VP, mainly consisting of chicory, broccoli, and whole grains, improved constipation symptoms at 2 and 4 weeks of consumption compared to those of control group who were provided with RFP.
authors: Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hye-Im
authors: HI
authors: Woo
authors: Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Shin Hye
authors: SH
authors: Kwak
authors: Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yeojin
authors: Y
authors: Lee
authors: Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ji Hee
authors: JH
authors: Choi
authors: Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Young Mi
authors: YM
authors: Cho
authors: Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ae-Son
authors: AS
authors: Om
keywords: Constipation; Defecation; Dietary fiber; Vegetable powder; Whole grain