title: Addressing the social determinants of inequities in physical activity and sedentary behaviours.
abstract: Participation in both physical activity and sedentary behaviours follow a social gradient, such that those who are more advantaged are more likely to be regularly physically active, less likely to be sedentary, and less likely to experience the adverse health outcomes associated with inactive lifestyles than their less advantaged peers. The aim of this paper is to provide, in a format that will support policymakers and practitioners, an overview of the current evidence base and highlight promising approaches for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviours equitably at each level of 'Fair Foundations: The VicHealth framework for health equity'. A rapid review was undertaken in February-April 2014. Electronic databases (Medline, PsychINFO, SportsDISCUS, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Global Health and Embase) were searched using a pre-defined search strategy and grey literature searches of websites of key relevant organizations were undertaken. The majority of included studies focussed on approaches targeting behaviour change at the individual level, with fewer focussing on daily living conditions or broader socioeconomic, political and cultural contexts. While many gaps in the evidence base remain, particularly in relation to reducing sedentary behaviour, promising approaches for promoting physical activity equitably across the three levels of the Fair Foundations framework include: community-wide approaches; support for local and state governments to develop policies and practices; neighbourhood designs (including parks) that are conducive to physical activity; investment in early childhood interventions; school programmes; peer- or group-based programmes; and targeted motivational, cognitive-behavioural, and/or mediated individual-level approaches.
authors: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3151, Australia kylie.ball@deakin.edu.au.
authors: Kylie
authors: K
authors: Ball
authors: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3151, Australia.
authors: Alison
authors: A
authors: Carver
authors: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3151, Australia.
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Downing
authors: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3151, Australia.
authors: Michelle
authors: M
authors: Jackson
authors: Victorian Health Promotion Foundation, 15-31 Perlham Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia.
authors: Kerryn
authors: K
authors: O'Rourke
mesh_terms: D015438:Health Behavior; D006291:Health Policy; D006293:Health Promotion; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D064890:Social Determinants of Health
keywords: active living; inequalities in health; physical activities; sedentary behaviour