title: Regulated necrosis and its implications in toxicology.
abstract: Recent research developments have revealed that caspase-dependent apoptosis is not the sole form of regulated cell death. Caspase-independent, but genetically regulated, forms of cell death include pyroptosis, necroptosis, parthanatos, and the recently discovered ferroptosis and autosis. Importantly, regulated necrosis can be modulated by small molecule inhibitors/activators, confirming the cell autonomous mechanism of these forms of cell death. The success of small molecule-mediated manipulation of regulated necrosis has produced great changes in the field of cell death research, and has also brought about significant changes in the fields of pharmacology as well as toxicology. In this review, we intend to summarize the modes of regulated cell death other than apoptosis, and discuss their implications in toxicology.
authors: Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: aki.legm@tmd.ac.jp.
authors: Toshihiko
authors: T
authors: Aki
authors: Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Funakoshi
authors: Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Uemura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D009336:Necrosis; D010880:Piperidines / Q000378:metabolism; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D011804:Quinolines / Q000378:metabolism; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014116:Toxicology / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D010880:Piperidines; D011804:Quinolines; C000588923:vacquinol-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
keywords: Cell death; Necrosis; Xenobiotics