title: Correlation between SUVA and DBP formation during chlorination and chloramination of NOM fractions from different sources.
abstract: Natural organic matter (NOM) is the major precursor to the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during drinking water treatment. Specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) is a widely used surrogate parameter to characterize NOM and predict its DBP formation potential. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between SUVA and different classes of DBPs formed by NOM fractions from different sources. Three natural waters with a wide SUVA range were fractionated into differing hydrophobicity and molecular weight groups using XAD-4 and XAD-8 resins and ultrafiltration membranes. Each NOM fraction was treated with chlorine and monochloramine under controlled laboratory conditions. Different classes of DBPs showed different relationships with SUVA. SUVA correlated strongly with trihaloacetic acids (THAAs) and unknown total organic halogen (UTOX) yields whereas weak correlations were observed between SUVA and trihalomethane (THM) and dihaloacetic acid (DHAA) yields during chlorination. These results reinforce the hypothesis that DHAAs and THAAs form through different precursors and reaction pathways. Strong correlation between SUVA and UTOX was also observed during chloramination. However, no significant relationship was observed between SUVA and chloramination THMs and DHAAs. Overall, SUVA is a good indicator for the formation of unknown DBPs. This indicates that UV absorbing compounds and aromatic carbon within NOM are the primary sources of precursors for unknown DBPs.
authors: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States. Electronic address: guanghui.hua@sdstate.edu.
authors: Guanghui
authors: G
authors: Hua
authors: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Reckhow
authors: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States.
authors: Ibrahim
authors: I
authors: Abusallout
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D002244:Carbon; D002700:Chloramines / Q000737:chemistry*; D002713:Chlorine / Q000737:chemistry; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D054879:Halogenation; D006219:Halogens; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry; D022882:Trihalomethanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002700:Chloramines; D006219:Halogens; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D022882:Trihalomethanes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002713:Chlorine; D002244:Carbon; C030816:chloramine
keywords: Chloramine; Chlorine; Disinfection byproducts; SUVA; Total organic halogen