title: Urinary mRNA levels of ELR-negative CXC chemokine ligand and extracellular matrix in diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation and fibrosis play important roles in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. We determine the urinary mRNA levels of ELR-CXC chemokine ligand and extracellular matrix in diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 26 patients with biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy, 15 with hypertensive nephrosclerosis and 10 healthy controls. Urinary mRNA levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, collagen I A1 chain, collagen IV A3 chain and fibronectin were measured. Patients were followed for 36.9 ± 7.4 months to determine the rate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary mRNA levels of CXCL10 and CXCL11 are decreased, and those of collagen I A1 chain and fibronectin are increased in diabetic nephropathy. Baseline estimated GFR correlates with urinary mRNA level of CXCL9 (r = 0.583, p = 0.002) and CXCL11 (r = 0.703, p < 0.0001), respectively. The rate of GFR decline significantly correlates with urinary CXCL9 (r = -0.618, p = 0.0008) and CXCL11 mRNA levels (r = -0.726, p < 0.0001). Multivariate linear regression analysis confirms that urinary CXCL9 mRNA level is independently associated with the rate of GFR decline, while the correlation with urinary CXCL11 mRNA level has borderline significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary CXCL9 and CXCL11 mRNA levels correlate with baseline renal function. The rate of renal function decline correlates with urinary CXCL9 mRNA level. Our results suggest that urinary CXCL9 mRNA levels may be used for risk stratification of diabetic nephropathy.
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.|Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Fernand Mac-Moune
authors: FM
authors: Lai
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Kai-Ming
authors: KM
authors: Chow
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Bonnie Ching-Ha
authors: BC
authors: Kwan
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Wing-Fai
authors: WF
authors: Pang
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Cathy Choi-Wan
authors: CC
authors: Luk
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Chi-Bon
authors: CB
authors: Leung
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Philip Kam-Tao
authors: PK
authors: Li
authors: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Cheuk-Chun
authors: CC
authors: Szeto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000235:genetics; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11 / Q000235:genetics; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9 / Q000235:genetics; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000235:genetics*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics*; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000235:genetics*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000235:genetics*; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009400:Nephrosclerosis / Q000652:urine; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000652:urine*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; C515202:CXCL11 protein, human; C080810:CXCL9 protein, human; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D024042:Collagen Type I; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D005353:Fibronectins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C057112:type IV collagen alpha3 chain
keywords: biomarker; diabetes; nephritis; urinalysis