title: Burkholderia stagnalis sp. nov. and Burkholderia territorii sp. nov., two novel Burkholderia cepacia complex species from environmental and human sources.
abstract: Nine Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria were isolated during environmental surveys for the ecological niche of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the aetiological agent of melioidosis, in the Northern Territory of Australia. They represented two multi-locus sequence analysis-based clusters, referred to as Bcc B and Bcc L. Three additional environmental and clinical Bcc B isolates were identified upon deposition of the sequences in the PubMLST database. Analysis of the concatenated nucleotide sequence divergence levels within both groups (1.4 and 1.9%, respectively) and towards established Bcc species (4.0 and 3.9%, respectively) demonstrated that the two taxa represented novel Bcc species. All 12 isolates were further characterized using 16S rRNA and recA gene sequence analysis, RAPD analysis, DNA base content determination, fatty acid methyl ester analysis and biochemical profiling. Analysis of recA gene sequences revealed a remarkable diversity within each of these taxa, but, together, the results supported the affiliation of the two taxa to the Bcc. Bcc B strains can be differentiated from most other Bcc members by the assimilation of maltose. Bcc L strains can be differentiated from other Bcc members by the absence of assimilation of N-acetylglucosamine. The names Burkholderia stagnalis sp. nov. with type strain LMG 28156(T) ( = CCUG 65686(T)) and Burkholderia territorii sp. nov. with type strain LMG 28158(T) ( = CCUG 65687(T)) are proposed for Bcc B and Bcc L bacteria, respectively.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.|Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Birgit
authors: B
authors: De Smet
authors: Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Mayo
authors: Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Charlotte
authors: C
authors: Peeters
authors: Centre for Understanding and Preventing Infection in Children, Department of Paediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors: James E A
authors: JEA
authors: Zlosnik
authors: Department of Paediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Theodore
authors: T
authors: Spilker
authors: Centre for Understanding and Preventing Infection in Children, Department of Paediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors: Trevor J
authors: TJ
authors: Hird
authors: Department of Paediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: John J
authors: JJ
authors: LiPuma
authors: Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Timothy J
authors: TJ
authors: Kidd
authors: Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
authors: Mirjam
authors: M
authors: Kaestli
authors: Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
authors: Jennifer L
authors: JL
authors: Ginther
authors: Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
authors: David M
authors: DM
authors: Wagner
authors: Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Keim
authors: Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Scott C
authors: SC
authors: Bell
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Jan A
authors: JA
authors: Jacobs
authors: Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
authors: Bart J
authors: BJ
authors: Currie
authors: Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Vandamme
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D042602:Burkholderia cepacia complex / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D015876:Northern Territory; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S