title: Neuroprotective effects of a polyphenolic white grape juice extract in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
abstract: In the last 20 years, wine phenolic compounds have received increasing interest since several epidemiological studies have suggested associations between regular consumption of moderate amount of wine and prevention of certain chronic pathologies, such as neurodegenerative diseases. This study was aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective role of a polyphenolic white grape juice extract (WGJe) in an experimental mice model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis (MS) in vivo. EAE mimics the main features of MS, including paralysis, weight loss, demyelination, central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Our study demonstrated that oral administration of WGJe (20 and 40 mg/kg/day) may exert neuroprotective effects against MS, diminishing both clinical signs and histological score typical of disease (lymphocytic infiltration and demyelination). In particular, by western blot, histological evaluations and immunolocalization of the main markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis (TNF-α, iNOS, Nitrotyrosine, PARP, Foxp3, Bcl-2, Caspase 3 and DNA fragmentation), we documented that WGJe counteracts the alteration of all these inflammatory and oxidative pathway, without any apparent sign of toxicity. On these bases, we propose this natural product as putative novel helpful tools for the prevention of autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases such as MS. WGJe could have considerable implication for future therapies of MS, and this study may represents the starting point for further investigation on the role of WGJe in neuroinflammation.
authors: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy.
authors: Sabrina
authors: S
authors: Giacoppo
authors: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Galuppo
authors: Università degli Studi di Messina, Dipartimento di Scienze del farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy.
authors: Giovanni Enrico
authors: GE
authors: Lombardo
authors: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Dipartimento Qualità Alimentare e Nutrizione, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 - San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors: Maria Malgorzata
authors: MM
authors: Ulaszewska
authors: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Dipartimento Qualità Alimentare e Nutrizione, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 - San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors: Fulvio
authors: F
authors: Mattivi
authors: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy.
authors: Placido
authors: P
authors: Bramanti
authors: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy. Electronic address: emazzon.irccs@gmail.com.
authors: Emanuela
authors: E
authors: Mazzon
authors: Università degli Studi di Messina, Dipartimento di Scienze del farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy.
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Navarra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: Apoptosis; Complementary and alternative medicine; Inflammation; Multiple sclerosis; Oxidative stress