title: [Abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaeal accA and amoA genes in response to NO2 - and NO3 - of hot springs in Yunnan province].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Yunnan hot springs have highly diverseammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), which are autotrophic and can fix CO2 using the 3-hydroxypropionate/ 4-hydroxybutyrate (HP/HD) pathway. In this study, we investigated the abundances of prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene and archaeal accA and amoA genes in the sediments of hot springs of Yunnan Province, and analysed the correlations between the above gene abundances and environmental factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected the sediments of twenty representative hot springs, and detected the gene abundances by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The principal component analysis (PCA) and the Mantel test in the R software package were performed for the correlations of gene abundance and environmental variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene abundances were from 6.6 x 10(7) to 4.19 x 10(11) and from 1.27 x 10(6) to 1.51 x 10(11) copies/g sediment, respectively; Archaeal accA and amoA genes were from 8.89 x 10(3) to 6.49 x 10(5) and from 7.64 x 10(3) to 4.36 x 10(5) copies/g sediment, respectively. The results of mantel test showed that accA gene was significantly (R = 0.98, P < 0.001) correlated with amoA gene; Both of them also were correlated significantly with NO2- and NO3 -, but not with pH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The abundances of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes and the ratio between them varied significantly among Yunnan hot springs. The archaealaccA and amoA genes showed significant correlation with each other, validating our previous finding that AOA in terrestrial hot springs might acquire energy from ammonia oxidation coupled with CO2 fixation using the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate pathway.
authors: Zhaoqi
authors: Z
authors: Song
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Enmin
authors: E
authors: Zhou
authors: Fengping
authors: F
authors: Wang
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Xiao
authors: Chuanlun
authors: C
authors: Zhang
authors: Wenjun
authors: W
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D001105:Archaea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D045482:Hot Springs / Q000382:microbiology*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D000641:Ammonia; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C045582:ammonia monooxygenase; D011494:Protein Kinases; C033288:(acetyl-CoA carboxylase) kinase