title: Changes in plasma levels of N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine and N-palmitoylethanolamine following bariatric surgery in morbidly obese females with impaired glucose homeostasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined endocannabinoids (ECs) in relation to bariatric surgery and the association between plasma ECs and markers of insulin resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study of 20 participants undergoing bariatric surgery. Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, lipids, insulin, and C-peptide were recorded preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively with plasma ECs (AEA, 2-AG) and endocannabinoid-related lipids (PEA, OEA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gender-specific analysis showed differences in AEA, OEA, and PEA preoperatively with reductions in AEA and PEA in females postoperatively. Preoperatively, AEA was correlated with 2-hour glucose (r = 0.55, P = 0.01), HOMA-IR (r = 0.61, P = 0.009), and HOMA %S (r = -0.71, P = 0.002). OEA was correlated with weight (r = 0.49, P = 0.03), waist circumference (r = 0.52, P = 0.02), fasting insulin (r = 0.49, P = 0.04), and HOMA-IR (r = 0.48, P = 0.05). PEA was correlated with fasting insulin (r = 0.49, P = 0.04). 2-AG had a negative correlation with fasting glucose (r = -0.59, P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gender differences exist in circulating ECs in obese subjects. Females show changes in AEA and PEA after bariatric surgery. Specific correlations exist between different ECs and markers of obesity and insulin and glucose homeostasis.
authors: Diabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK ; Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Morriston Hospital, ABM University Health Board, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
authors: Akhila
authors: A
authors: Mallipedhi
authors: Diabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
authors: Sarah L
authors: SL
authors: Prior
authors: Diabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
authors: Gareth
authors: G
authors: Dunseath
authors: Diabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
authors: Richard M
authors: RM
authors: Bracken
authors: Welsh Institute of Metabolic and Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, ABM University Health Board, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Barry
authors: Welsh Institute of Metabolic and Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, ABM University Health Board, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Caplin
authors: Welsh Institute of Metabolic and Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, ABM University Health Board, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
authors: Nia
authors: N
authors: Eyre
authors: Welsh Institute of Metabolic and Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, ABM University Health Board, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Morgan
authors: Welsh Institute of Metabolic and Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, ABM University Health Board, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
authors: John N
authors: JN
authors: Baxter
authors: Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby DE22 3DT, UK.
authors: Saoirse E
authors: SE
authors: O'Sullivan
authors: Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
authors: Sarir
authors: S
authors: Sarmad
authors: Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Barrett
authors: Diabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
authors: Stephen C
authors: SC
authors: Bain
authors: Diabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
authors: Steve D
authors: SD
authors: Luzio
authors: Diabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK ; Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Morriston Hospital, ABM University Health Board, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK ; Welsh Institute of Metabolic and Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, ABM University Health Board, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
authors: Jeffrey W
authors: 0000-0003-2228-086X
authors: JW
authors: Stephens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000577:Amides; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D063388:Endocannabinoids / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000601:surgery; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D001786:Blood Glucose; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D004983:Ethanolamines; D007328:Insulin; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; C005958:palmidrol; C078814:anandamide