title: Coronary artery calcification is associated with high serum concentration of undercarboxylated osteocalcin in asymptomatic Korean men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteocalcin is associated with energy metabolism and atherosclerosis, besides bone metabolism. However, the association between osteocalcin or its undercarboxylated form (ucOC) and coronary artery calcification is controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and the concentration of serum osteocalcin and ucOC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 162 subjects (114 men and 48 women) with no angina symptom.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum analyses included glucose, insulin and lipid profiles as well as osteocalcin and ucOC. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. CACS was measured using multidetector computed tomography and categorized into CACS = 0 and CACS > 0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean osteocalcin concentration in men was 15·6 ± 4·2 for CACS = 0 group and 14·1 ± 4·0 for CACS > 0 group, respectively (P = 0·050). In women, the osteocalcin concentration, ucOC concentration and ucOC to osteocalcin ratio (OCR) were not different between the CACS groups. However, the concentrations of osteocalcin and ucOC were significantly lower in women with hypertension or diabetes than those without, respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for medical history, body mass index, lipid profiles, insulin resistance and BMD in men, the higher concentration of ucOC and higher OCR showed significant association with coronary calcification (CACS > 0).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher ucOC concentration was associated with coronary artery calcification independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors and BMD in men.
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Chaum Medical Checkup Center Samseongdong Branch, CHA University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Beom-hee
authors: BH
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Family Practice and Community Health, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
authors: Nam-Seok
authors: NS
authors: Joo
authors: Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors: Moon Jong
authors: MJ
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Family Practice and Community Health, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
authors: Kwang-Min
authors: KM
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors: Kyung-Chae
authors: KC
authors: Park
authors: Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors: Young-Sang
authors: YS
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D015675:Osteocalcin; D002244:Carbon