title: Avian reovirus replication in mononuclear phagocytes in chicken footpad and spleen after footpad inoculation.
abstract: Circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages were suggested to be susceptible to avian reovirus (ARV) infection. To determine if ARV infects and replicates in mononuclear phagocytes (KUL01-positive cells), we infected 3-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens with ARV strain 2408 by inoculation of the left footpad. The left footpads and spleens were collected for analysis at 1.5 and 2.5 d after inoculation. Replication of ARV in the footpad and spleen was demonstrated by detection of the viral protein σNS using immunohistochemical testing and viral S1 RNA expression by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Furthermore, immunofluorescent double-staining assay of cytocentrifuged cells and cryosections of the footpad and spleen for the viral protein σNS and the surface marker recognized by monoclonal antibody (MAb) KUL01 indicated that KUL01-positive cells costained with MAb H1E1, which recognizes ARV protein σNS. In addition, more ARV S1 RNA was measured by qPCR in the KUL01-positive cell samples prepared from the footpad or spleen 1.5 d after inoculation compared with non-KUL01-positive cell samples. The amounts of ARV S1 RNA in the spleen were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the amounts in the footpad 1.5 d after inoculation. The results suggest that ARV infects mononuclear phagocytes and then replicates within these cells before migrating to the spleen, where it infects and replicates in KUL01-positive cells.
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Chen, Shen, Su, Lee); Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Liu, Lin).
authors: Yu San
authors: YS
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Chen, Shen, Su, Lee); Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Liu, Lin).
authors: Pin Chun
authors: PC
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Chen, Shen, Su, Lee); Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Liu, Lin).
authors: Bor Sheu
authors: BS
authors: Su
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Chen, Shen, Su, Lee); Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Liu, Lin).
authors: Tsung Ching
authors: TC
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Chen, Shen, Su, Lee); Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Liu, Lin).
authors: Cheng Chung
authors: CC
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Chen, Shen, Su, Lee); Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (Liu, Lin).
authors: Long Huw
authors: LH
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D005528:Foot / Q000821:virology; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012157:Mononuclear Phagocyte System / Q000821:virology*; D030101:Orthoreovirus, Avian / Q000502:physiology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D012088:Reoviridae Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013154:Spleen / Q000821:virology*; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; C031657:sigma NS protein, Reovirus