title: Safety of alitretinoin for severe refractory chronic hand eczema: Clinical studies and postmarketing surveillance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alitretinoin is approved for the treatment of adults with severe chronic hand eczema (CHE) refractory to potent topical steroids. In the 6 years since launch, approximately 250 000 patients have been treated with alitretinoin.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the postmarketing safety surveillance experience of alitretinoin with data from clinical trials and key safety issues with other retinoids.
  
  
  METHODS
  An integrated safety analysis of the pivotal studies of alitretinoin and postmarketing adverse event (AE) reports received since approval for alitretinoin were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the pivotal trials, headache, erythema, nausea, increased blood triglycerides and increased blood creatinine phosphokinase were the most frequently reported AEs. Headache, hyperlipidemia and nausea were also frequently reported postmarketing AEs, but depression was relatively more frequently reported than in the pivotal trials. Inflammatory bowel disease and benign intracranial hypertension were rare, and very few cases have been reported in postmarketing surveillance. There have been no reports of teratogenicity in humans consequent to fetal exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Safety data collected in pivotal trials and postmarketing surveillance suggest that alitretinoin is well tolerated by patients with CHE with a relatively low incidence of serious reactions. The adverse reaction profile is congruent with reported effects of other marketed oral retinoids.
authors.affiliation: a GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , Collegeville , PA , USA .
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: b GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA , and.
authors.forename: Lorrie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schifano
authors.affiliation: c Stiefel Research and Development , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Regan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.affiliation: c Stiefel Research and Development , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Ole
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Graff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000077556:Alitretinoin; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004485:Eczema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006261:Headache / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000077556:Alitretinoin; D014212:Tretinoin
keywords: Adverse reactions; dermatitis; drug surveillance; retinoid; toxicity, Toctino