title: Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Prevalence and Estimated 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk Scores in a Large Untreated French Urban Population: The CARVAR 92 Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surveys measuring effectiveness of public awareness campaigns in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence have yielded equivocal findings. The aim of this study was to describe cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) changes over the years in an untreated population-based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2007 and 2012, we conducted a screening campaign for CVRFs in men aged 40 to 65 yrs and women aged 50 to 70 yrs in the western suburbs of Paris. Data were complete for 20,324 participants of which 14,709 were untreated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence trend over six years was statistically significant for hypertension in men from 25.9% in 2007 to 21.1% in 2012 (p=0.002) and from 23% in 2007 to 12.7% in 2012 in women (p<0.0001). The prevalence trend of tobacco smoking decreased from 38.6% to 27.7% in men (p=0.0001) and from 22.6% to 16.8% in women (p=0.113). The Framingham 10-year risk for CVD decreased from 13.3 ± 8.2 % in 2007 to 11.7 ± 9.0 % in 2012 in men and from 8.0 ± 4.1 % to 5.9 ± 3.4 % in women. The 10-year risk of fatal CVD based on the European Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) decreased in men and in women (p <0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over a 6-year period, several CVRFs have decreased in our screening campaign, leading to decrease in the 10-year risk for CVD and the 10-year risk of fatal CVD. Cardiologists should recognize the importance of community prevention programs and communication policies, particularly tobacco control and healthier diets to decrease the CVRFs in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre de référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin (UVSQ), Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
authors.forename: Carma
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karam
authors.affiliation: Public Health Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, UVSQ, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beauchet
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, UVSQ, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; INSERM UMS-011, Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Czernichow
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre de référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin (UVSQ), Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Roquefeuil
authors.affiliation: Local Health Insurance, Managing Director, Nanterre, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourez
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre de référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin (UVSQ), Boulogne-Billancourt, France; INSERM U-1018, CESP, Team 5 (EpReC, Renal and Cardiovascular Epidemiology), UVSQ, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mansencal
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre de référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin (UVSQ), Boulogne-Billancourt, France; INSERM U-1018, CESP, Team 5 (EpReC, Renal and Cardiovascular Epidemiology), UVSQ, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dubourg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010297:Paris / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013383:Suburban Population; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data