title: Grandparenting predicts late-life cognition: Results from the Women's Healthy Ageing Project.
abstract: Social engagement provides dynamic stimulation for older individuals that influences cognition. Grandparenting is an increasingly popular form of childcare that provides social activity for older adults.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between grandparenting, as a form of social engagement, and cognitive function in adults aged over 65, a decade after our previous work.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 224 Australian women (mean age=70) from the longitudinal prospective Women's Healthy Ageing Project (WHAP). Cognitive function was assessed using a neuropsychological battery consisting of previously validated measures including the California Verbal Learning Test, Digit Span task, and Controlled Oral Word Association Test. Individual test scores were combined using factor analysis into executive function and episodic memory scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Grandmothers minding grandchildren had higher executive function than those who were not minding grandchildren or who did not have grandchildren (p<0.05). Minding grandchildren for one day per week predicted better executive function performance than more frequent grandparenting (p<0.05), consistent with previous findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While grandparenting is associated with better executive function overall, highly frequent grandparenting is associated with lower executive function, which may be due to demands. Social engagement comprises various aspects which need to be taken into consideration when studying cognition.
authors.affiliation: University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Burn
authors.affiliation: University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: cszoeke@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Cassandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szoeke
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D000066502:Grandparents / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: Ageing; Caregiving; Cognition; Social engagement