title: Comparative analysis of efficacy of lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg and two different doses of dexmedetomidine (0.5 μg/kg and 1 μg/kg) in attenuating the hemodynamic pressure response to laryngoscopy and intubation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laryngoscopy and intubation cause an intense reflex increase in heart rate, blood pressure, due to an increased sympathoadrenal pressor response. Lignoocaine has shown blunting of pressor response to intubation. Dexmedetomidine has sympatholytic effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To the best of our knowledge there is no study comparing the efficacy of lignocaine with two different doses of dexmedetomidine for attenuating the pressor response. With this idea, we planned to conduct the present study.
  
  
  METHODS
  After approval by the Hospital Ethics committee, 90 consenting adults aged 18-65 years of age of either sex of non-hypertensive ASA Grade I or II were randomly allocated into three groups. Group D1- IV Dexmedetomidine 0.5μg/kg over 10 minutes Group D2- IV Dexmedetomidine 1μg/kg over 10 minutes Group X- IV Lignocaine 1.5mg/kg in 10 ml normal saline.
  
  
  METHODS
  ANOVA and Student's t test used for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dexmedetomidine 1µg/kg was more effective than 0.5µg/kg and lignocaine 1.5mg/kg in attenuating the pressor response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that dexmedetomidine 1μg/kg adequately attenuates the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation when compared with dexmedetomidine 0.5μg/kg and lignocaine 1.5mg/kg.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Michell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gulabani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Pavan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gurha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, M. R. Medical College, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dass
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Nishi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kulshreshtha
keywords: Catecholamine release; Dexmedetomidine; Hemodynamic response; Lignocaine; Pressor response