title: Mixed serum-deprived and normal adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells against acute lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study hypothesized that combined serum-deprived (Sd) and healthy (He) adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) therapy is superior to either alone in reducing acute lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (ALIRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 30) were equally randomized into group 1 (sham control), group 2 (ALIRI + culture medium), group 3 (ALIRI + intravenous autologous 1.2 × 10(6) He-ADMSCs at 30 minute, 6 h, and 24 h following lung ischemia/reperfusion for 45 minutes/72 hours, respectively), group 4 (ALIRI + 1.2 × 10(6) Sd-ADMSCs at identical time points after ischemia/reperfusion), and group 5 (ALIRI + 1.2 × 10(6) combined Sd-ADMSC/He-ADMSC 1:1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood oxygen saturation (%) was lowest in group 2, lower in groups 3 to 5 than in group 1, and lower in group 5 than in group 1, whereas right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) showed a reverse pattern among the five groups (all p < 0.001). Additionally, changes in histological scoring of lung parenchymal damage, inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers showed identical pattern compared to that of RVSP in all groups (all p < 0.001). Protein expressions of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, oxidative stress, TNF-α, nuclear factor-κB, and number of CD68 + cells were highest in group 2, higher in groups 3 to 5 than in group 1, and higher in groups 3 and 4 than in group 5, whereas NQO-1 and HO-1 activities and number of CD31 + and vWF + cells showed opposite changes compared with those of inflammatory biomarkers (all p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined Sd-ADMSC/He-ADMSC therapy offered superior benefit to either option alone in minimizing rodent ALIRI through suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheuk-Kwan
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University Medical College Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yen-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.affiliation: Basic Science, Department of Nursing, Meiho University Pingtung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Teh
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Lung
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yen-Ta
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Hsien
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fan-Yen
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiunn-Jye
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsueh-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; Institute of Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hon-Kan
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Yip
keywords: Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury; cytotherapy; inflammation; oxidative stress; serum-deprived mesenchymal stem cell