title: A new method and tool for detection and quantification of PM oxidative potential.
abstract: Airborne particulate matter (PM) contains several quinones, which are able to generate reactive oxygen species impacting on cell viability. A method able to detect and quantify PM oxidative potential, based on the cytochrome c (cyt-c) reduction by means of superoxide anion produced through quinones redox cycling in the presence of reducing agents, is here described. Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine resulted to be the most efficient reducing agent among the ones tested. The procedure included rapid particles extraction, followed by two alternative analytical methods, a spectrophotometric assay based on the initial rate of cyt-c reduction at 550 nm, and an amperometric assay, based on self-assembled monolayers modified gold electrodes. The smallest amount of PM needed to obtain an evaluable signal is 2 μg. The described procedure may represent a starting point to develop devices for PM measurements in polluted atmospheric environments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dellaScienza 1, 20126, Milan, Italy, francesco.ciriello@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciriello
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gualtieri
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Longhin
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruffo
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camatini
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parenti
mesh_terms: D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004566:Electrodes; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006046:Gold; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000737:chemistry*; D010720:Phosphines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D045304:Cytochromes c; D006046:Gold; D052638:Particulate Matter; D010720:Phosphines; D011809:Quinones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; C080938:tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine