title: Long-term performance of side-stream deammonification in a continuous flow granular-activated sludge process for nitrogen removal from high ammonium wastewater.
abstract: An innovative granular sludge deammonification system was incorporated into a conventional-activated sludge process. The process incorporated an internal baffle in the bioreactor for continuous separation of granular biomass from flocculent biomass, which allowed for controlling the solids retention time of flocculent sludge. The process was evaluated for ammonium removal from municipal digested sludge dewatering centrate under various operating conditions lasting over 450 days. The process successfully removed, on average, 90% of the ammonium from centrate at various ammonium loading reaching 1.4 kg/m³d at 20 hours hydraulic retention time. Controlling the retention time of the flocculent biomass and maintaining low nitrite concentration were both found to be effective for nitrite oxidizing bacteria management, resulting in a low nitrate concentration (below 50 mg/L) over a wide range of flocculent biomass concentration in the bioreactor.
authors.affiliation: Prongineer Ltd., #211 - 2386 East Mall Gerald McGavin Building, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 E-mail: b.rezania@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rezania
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4.
authors.forename: Donald S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Mavinic
authors.affiliation: Opus D&K, KNE2 Ltd, Suite 1204, 1281 W Cordova St, Vancouver BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Harlan G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D005427:Flocculation; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D062065:Wastewater
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D009584:Nitrogen; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater