title: Human Invasive Muscular Sarcocystosis Induces Th2 Cytokine Polarization and Biphasic Cytokine Changes, Based on an Investigation among Travelers Returning from Tioman Island, Malaysia.
abstract: Sarcocystis nesbitti is a parasite responsible for a biphasic eosinophilic febrile myositis syndrome in two recent outbreaks in Malaysia. We demonstrate Th2 cytokine polarization in infected travelers, an overall cytokine production decrease in the early phase of the disease suggestive of initial immunosuppression, and elevated levels of proinflammatory and chemotactic cytokines in the later myositic phase.
authors.affiliation: Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany tappe@bnitm.de.
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tappe
authors.affiliation: Tropenklinik Paul-Lechler-Hospital, Department of Tropical Medicine, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Slesak
authors.affiliation: Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: José Vicente
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Pérez-Girón
authors.affiliation: Tropenklinik Paul-Lechler-Hospital, Department of Tropical Medicine, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik 1, Klinikum Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Langeheinecke
authors.affiliation: Klinik II, Centre for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Gudrun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Just-Nübling
authors.affiliation: Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Fontela
authors.affiliation: AescuLabor Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Püllmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D012522:Sarcocystis / Q000276:immunology*; D012523:Sarcocystosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014195:Travel; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines