title: Validation of the 25-Item Stanford Faculty Development Program Tool on Clinical Teaching Effectiveness.
abstract: CONSTRUCT: The 25-item Stanford Faculty Development Program Tool on Clinical Teaching Effectiveness assesses clinical teaching effectiveness.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Valid and reliable rating of teaching effectiveness is helpful for providing faculty with feedback. The 25-item Stanford Faculty Development Program Tool on Clinical Teaching Effectiveness was intended to evaluate seven dimensions of clinical teaching. Confirmation of the structure of this tool has not been previously performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study sought to validate this tool using a confirmatory factor analysis, testing a 7-factor model and compared its goodness of fit with a modified model. Acceptability of the use of the tool was assessed using a 6-item survey, completed by final year medical students (N = 119 of 156 students; 76%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The testing of the goodness of fit indicated that the 7-factor model performed poorly, χ(2)(254) = 457.4, p < .001 (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.08, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.91, non-normed fit index [NNFI] = 0.89). Only standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) indicated acceptable fit (0.06). Further exploratory analysis identified 10 items that cross-loaded on 2 factors. The remainder of the items loaded on factors as originally intended. By removing these 10 items, repeat confirmatory factor analysis on the modified 15-item, 5-factor model demonstrated a better fit than the original model: SRMR = 0.075, NNFI = 0.91, χ(2)(80) = 150.1, p < .001; RMSEA = 0.09; CFI = 0.93. Although 75% of the participants stated they were willing to fill the tool on their preceptors on a biweekly basis, only 25% were willing to do so on a weekly basis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study failed to confirm factor structure of the 25-item tool. A modified tool with fewer, more conceptually distinct items was best fit by a 5-factor model. Further, the acceptability of use for the 25-item tool may be poor for rotations with a new preceptor weekly. The abbreviated tool may be preferable in that setting.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada.
authors.forename: Marcy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.forename: Danielle A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Southern
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Ghali
authors.forename: Irene W Y
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000416:Alberta; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000592:standards*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005180:Faculty, Medical / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011361:Professional Competence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013663:Teaching / Q000592:standards*
keywords: assessment; teaching effectiveness; undergraduate medical education