title: Clarification of purple carrot juice: analysis of the fouling mechanisms and evaluation of the juice quality.
abstract: Purple carrot juice was clarified by microfiltration. Two modes of filtration, batch concentration and total recycle were tested and the effect of microfiltration process on permeate flux and membrane fouling was studied. Intrinsic membrane resistance was negligible compared with the fouling resistances, which was less than 5 % of total resistance. Determination of membrane hydraulic permeability showed that water cleaning could permit a recovery of about 7 % of initial hydraulic flux. The analysis of color parameters of feed, permeate and concentrate juice during filtration shows that the a* and b* values decrease for the permeate corresponding respectively to changes from green to red and from blue to yellow. The total sugar and reducing sugars increase in permeate and decrease in concentrate. This work showed that it was possible to clarify the purple carrot juice by microfiltration with a real amelioration of the juice appearance.
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Analysis Unit, National Engineering School of Sfax, BPW, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia ; Higher Institute of Applied Sciences & Technology of Mahdia, Sidi Messaoud, 5111 Mahdia, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Monia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ennouri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radio analyses and Environment, Engineering School of Sfax, BPW, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ben Hassan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microorganisms and Biomolecules, Molecular and Cellular Screening Research Group, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, PB 1177, 3018 Tunisia.
authors.forename: Hanen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ben Hassen
authors.affiliation: INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, University of Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France ; INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, 31400 Toulouse, France ; CNRS, UMR5504, 31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lafforgue
authors.affiliation: INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, University of Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France ; INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, 31400 Toulouse, France ; CNRS, UMR5504, 31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radio analyses and Environment, Engineering School of Sfax, BPW, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Abdelmoneim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayadi
keywords: Carrot juice; Clarification; Fouling; Microfiltration; Resistances