title: Bioconcentration and Elimination of the Dithiocarbamate Fungicide Polycarbamate in Marine Teleost Fish and Polychaete.
abstract: We evaluated the bioconcentration and elimination of polycarbamate, a popular antifoulant classified as a dithiocarbamate fungicide, in a marine teleost fish, mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), and a polychaete (Perinereis nuntia). Following polycarbamate exposure and depuration, the calculated bioconcentration factor (BCF) and elimination rate constant (k2) were 3.1 and 0.17 day(-1) in fish and 1.5-7.8 and 0.13-0.18 day(-1) in the polychaete, indicating that the fungicide has low bioconcentration potential in both organisms. Given the BCF of 3.1, the permissible environmental concentration level of polycarbamate in water was calculated to be 6.1 µg L(-1) to satisfy the threshold pesticide residue levels in fish permitted by law, which is far below the permissible levels in Hiroshima Bay, Japan. Therefore, we consider that the current polycarbamate contamination level in terms of bioconcentration is not likely to be an alarming issue in coastal environments.
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima, 739-0452, Japan, hntks@affrc.go.jp.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hano
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057219:Biofouling / Q000517:prevention & control; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007564:Japan; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water