title: Predictors of depression outcomes among abstinent methamphetamine-dependent individuals exposed to an exercise intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper expands on a study investigating depression outcomes in response to an 8-week exercise intervention among methamphetamine (MA) dependent individuals in early recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 135 MA-dependent individuals enrolled in residential treatment were randomly assigned to either a structured exercise intervention or a structured health education control group. Both groups were similar in format: 60-minute sessions, offered three times a week over an 8-week study period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results showed that at the 8-week trial endpoint, participants randomized to the exercise intervention showed significantly greater reduction in depression symptom scores than participants randomized to the health education group, and that participants who attended the greatest number of exercise sessions derived the greatest benefit. This paper further analyzes study data to uncover individual predictors of depression response to exercise and finds that among participants randomized to exercise treatment, individuals with the most severe medical, psychiatric, and addiction disease burden at baseline showed the most significant improvement in depressive symptoms by study endpoint.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that exercise in moderate dose is effective at treating depressive symptoms in individuals in early recovery from addiction, and furthermore, that treatment with exercise appears to be particularly beneficial to individuals who suffer from severe medical, psychiatric, and addictive disorders.
authors.affiliation: Adult Division of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haglund
authors.affiliation: Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ang
authors.affiliation: Addiction Medicine Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mooney
authors.affiliation: Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, California, and Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonzales
authors.affiliation: Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chudzynski
authors.affiliation: Exercise Physiology Research Laboratory, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Christopher B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Exercise Physiology Research Laboratory, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Brett A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dolezal
authors.affiliation: Adult Division of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gitlin
authors.affiliation: Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rawson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine; D008875:Middle Aged; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008694:Methamphetamine
keywords: Depression Outcomes; Exercise; Methamphetamine; Treatment