title: Impact of polyploidy on fertility variation of Mediterranean Arundo L. (Poaceae).
abstract: Failure of seed production in the genus Arundo L. (Poaceae) is often attributed to polyploidy. This study tested the impact of two ploidy levels (2n=12 and 18x) on the fertility of four Mediterranean Arundo. Viable pollen was screened from its production to its germination, and seed occurrence was monitored in admixture or isolated conditions. In addition, insights on restructuration of polyploid genomes were analysed using molecular cytogenetics. Our results show that high ploidy levels do not automatically induce failure of sexual reproduction. The two ploidy levels are able to produce viable pollen and seed set depending on species and cultural conditions. The sterility of A. micrantha (2n=12x) and A. donax (2n=18x) is due to the early failures of gametogenesis steps. For 18x cytotypes of A. donaciformis and A. plinii, seed absence for isolated genotype vs. seed production in admixed culture support their auto-incompatibility.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Aix-Marseille University, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie (IMBE), UMR CNRS IRD, place Victor-Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France. Electronic address: laurent.hardion@live-cnrs.unistra.fr.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hardion
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie (IMBE), UMR CNRS IRD, place Victor-Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Régine
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verlaque
authors.affiliation: Jardín Botánico de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosato
authors.affiliation: Jardín Botánico de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Marimurtra Bot. Garden, Carl Faust Fdn., Spain.
authors.forename: Josep A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rosselló
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie (IMBE), UMR CNRS IRD, place Victor-Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vila
mesh_terms: D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D003582:Cytogenetics / Q000379:methods; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005298:Fertility / Q000235:genetics*; D005718:Gametogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D018525:Germination / Q000235:genetics; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D008540:Meiosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006109:Poaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D011058:Pollen / Q000235:genetics; D011123:Polyploidy; D012098:Reproduction; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant
keywords: Arundo; Clonal reproduction; Cytogenetics; Cytogénétique; Poaceae; Polyploidy; Polyploïdie; Reproduction clonale