title: Transformation to small cell lung cancer as an acquired resistance mechanism in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma: a case report of complete response to etoposide and cisplatin.
abstract: First-line epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who were selected on the basis of EGFR mutations have improved the progression-free survival with acceptable toxicity compared to standard chemotherapy. However, acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs has been identified as an important clinical problem. Transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a rare mechanism of resistance to EGFR-TKI therapy. We describe the case of a 61-year-old man who presented transformation from adenocarcinoma to SCLC as the manifestation of acquired resistance after EGFR-TKI treatment. He underwent chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin and achieved a complete response.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan - Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jae-Wan
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Mi-Jeong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Shon
authors.forename: Keum-Ha
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Eun-Taik
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Hak-Ryul
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012074:Remission Induction; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D005047:Etoposide; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D002945:Cisplatin