title: The Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall for Children, 2012 Version, for Youth Aged 9 to 11 Years: A Validation Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Valid methods of diet assessment are important for nutrition research and practice, but can be difficult with children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To validate the 2012 version of the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall for Children (ASA24-Kids-2012), a self-administered web-based 24-hour dietary recall (24hDR) instrument, among children aged 9 to 11 years, in two sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quasiexperimental.
  
  
  METHODS
  In one site, trained staff members observed and recorded foods and drinks consumed by children (n=38) during school lunch. The next day, the observed children completed both ASA24-Kids-2012 and an interviewer-administered 24hDR in a randomized order. Procedures in a second site (n=31) were similar, except observations occurred during dinner in a community location.
  
  
  METHODS
  Foods were classified as matches (reported and consumed), intrusions (reported, but not consumed), or omissions (not reported, but consumed) for each participant. Rates of matches, intrusions, and omissions were calculated. Rates were compared between each recall method using repeated measures analysis of covariance. For matched foods, the authors determined correlation coefficients between observed and reported serving sizes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Match, intrusion, and omission rates between ASA24-Kids-2012 and observed intakes in Site 1 were 37%, 27%, and 35%, respectively. Comparable rates for interviewer-administered 24hDRs were 57%, 20%, and 23%, respectively. In Site 2, match, intrusion, and omission rates between ASA24-Kids-2012 and observed intakes were 53%, 12%, and 36%, respectively, vs 76% matches, 9% intrusions, and 15% omissions for interviewer-administered 24hDRs. The relationship strength between reported and observed serving sizes for matched foods was 0.18 in Site 1 and 0.09 in Site 2 for ASA24-Kids-2012, and 0.46 in Site 1 and 0.11 in Site 2 for interviewer-administered 24hDRs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ASA24-Kids-2012 was less accurate than interviewer-administered 24hDRs when compared with observed intakes, but both performed poorly. Additional research should assess the age at which children can complete recalls without the help of a parent or guardian, as well as elucidate under which circumstances recalls can reasonably be used among children.
authors.forename: Cassandra S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Diep
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hingle
authors.forename: Tzu-An
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hafza R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Dadabhoy
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beltran
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baranowski
authors.forename: Amy F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Subar
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baranowski
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057566:Self Report; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: 24-hour recall; Children; Computer; Diet assessment; Web-based