title: Seafood inclusion in commercial main meal early years' food products.
abstract: Seafood consumption is recommended as part of a healthy, balanced diet. Under-exposure to seafood during early years feeding, when taste and food acceptance is developed, may impact on the future development of a varied diet. This study aimed to investigate the availability and nutritional content of seafood in commercial infant meals compared to the other food types. A survey was conducted of all commercial infant main meal products available for purchase in supermarkets, high street retailers and online stores within the United Kingdom. The primary food type (seafood, poultry, meat and vegetables) within each product, nutritional composition per 100 g, and ingredient contribution were assessed. Of the original 341 main meal products seafood (n = 13; 3.8%) was underrepresented compared to poultry (103; 30.2%), meat (121; 35.5%) and vegetables (104; 30.5%). The number of the seafood meals increased three years later (n = 20; 6.3%) vegetable meals remained the largest contributor to the market (115; 36.4%) with meat (99; 31.3%) and poultry (82; 26.0%) both contributing slightly less than previously. Seafood-based meals provided significantly higher energy (83.0 kcal), protein (4.6 g), and total fat (3.2 g) than vegetable (68 kcal, 2.7 g, 1.9 g), meat (66 kcal, 3.0 g, 2.1 g) and poultry-based meals (66 kcal, 3.0 g, 2.1 g) and higher saturated fat (1.3 g) than poultry (0.4 g) and vegetable-based (0.6 g) meals (all per 100 g) which may be attributed to additional dairy ingredients. Parents who predominantly use commercial products to wean their infant may face challenges in sourcing a range of seafood products to enable the introduction of this food into the diet of their infant.
authors.affiliation: Health Services Research Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK. sharon.carstairs@abdn.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Sharon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Carstairs
authors.affiliation: Public Health Nutrition, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: Debbi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marais
authors.affiliation: Public Health Nutrition, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: Leone C A
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.affiliation: Health Services Research Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: Kirsty
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiezebrink
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D009753:Nutritive Value; D011200:Poultry; D000069466:Red Meat; D017747:Seafood; D006113:United Kingdom; D014675:Vegetables; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins
keywords: baby food; complementary feeding; early years; infant feeding; pre-prepared foods; seafood