title: [Application of molecular assay for adenovirus detection among different pediatric patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adenoviruses play an important role in the etiology of severe acute lower respiratory infection, especially in young children. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Human Adenovirus (HAdV) detection by different methods (Direct Fluorescence Assay - DFA and Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction - nested PCR), among samples collected from different groups of pediatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collection of samples was made in children with congenital heart disease (CHD - 123 nasal aspirates collected in the years of 2005, 2007 and 2008) and in community children (CC - 165 nasal aspirates collected in 2008). Children were eligible if they presented acute respiratory infection (ARI) of probable viral etiology, within up to 7 days of symptoms' onset. All studied samples were evaluated by DFA and nested PCR assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 290 samples included during the study period, 43 (14.8%) were positive on at least one test: 17/165 (10.3%) of the CC and 26/125 (20.8%) of the CHD children. The nested PCR detection rates in the community children were 15/165 (9.1%), and for children with CHD, 24/125 (19.2%). Molecular method showed higher detection rates when compared to the DFA test (p<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that children with congenital heart disease presented a significantly higher chance for acquiring the HAdV (Odds Ratio 2.3; 95% CI: 1.18-4.43).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on data obtained in the present evaluation, we suggest that a routine surveillance should be performed in high risk patients by molecular methods, thus improving diagnostic flow and efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Puerari
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Clarice
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gratura
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Aripuanã Sakurada Aranha
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Celso
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Granato
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Electronic address: nbellei@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Nancy Cristina Junqueira
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bellei
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000821:virology*
keywords: Adenovirus and polymerase chain reaction; Adenovírus e reação em cadeia da polimerase; Infecção respiratória viral; Respiratory viral infection