title: Classification of nasolabial folds in Asians and the corresponding surgical approaches: By Shanghai 9th People's Hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the earliest signs of aging appears in the nasolabial fold, which is a special anatomical region that requires many factors for comprehensive assessment. Hence, it is inadequate to rely on a single index to facilitate the classification of nasolabial folds. Through clinical observation, we have observed that traditional filling treatments provide little improvement for some patients, which prompted us to seek a more specific and scientific classification standard and assessment system.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 900 patients who sought facial rejuvenation treatment in Shanghai 9th People's Hospital were invited in this study. We observed the different nasolabial fold traits for different age groups and in different states, and the results were compared with the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS). We summarized the data, presented a classification scheme, and proposed a selection of treatment options.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consideration of the anatomical and histological features of nasolabial folds allowed us to divide nasolabial folds into five types, namely the skin type, fat pad type, muscular type, bone retrusion type, and hybrid type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because different types of nasolabial folds require different treatments, it is crucial to accurately assess and correctly classify the conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Meng-Yao
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Yao-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Bao-Shan
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. Electronic address: luzhangmd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yu-Guang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060052:Nasolabial Fold / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Asians; Classification; Nasolabial fold; Rejuvenation