title: Subarachnoid block with Taylor's approach for surgery of lower half of the body and lower limbs: A clinical teaching study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subarachnoid anesthesia is used as the sole anesthetic technique for below umbilical surgeries, but patients with deformed spine represent technical difficulty for its establishment. This study was aimed to find out whether training of Taylor's approach to residents on normal spine is beneficial for establishing subarachnoid block in patients with deformed spine.
  
  
  METHODS
  The total of 174 patients of ASA I-III with normal and deformed spine of both genders scheduled for below umbilical surgeries under the subarachnoid block and met the inclusion criteria, were enrolled for this two-phased clinical teaching study. All participating residents have performed more than 100 subarachnoid block with the median and paramedian approach. Residents were randomized into two equal groups. During the first phase program, Group I was taught Taylor's approach by hands on method for the subarachnoid block while Group II kept on observation for the technique. During the second phase of program, Group II was also taught Taylor's approach for establishing the subarachnoid block. Block success was defined according to clinical efficacy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of teaching of Taylor's approach were encouraging. Initially, the residents faced difficulty for establishing the subarachnoid block in deformed spine but after learning by observation and practical hands on, both groups had successfully performed the subarachnoid block by Taylor's approach in one or more attempts in patient with deformed spine with the acceptable failure rate of 15%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taylor's approach for establishing subarachnoid block in deformed spine should be taught to residents on normal spine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Subhartipuram, NH-58, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Kumkum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Subhartipuram, NH-58, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Bhawna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rastogi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radio-diagnosis, Imaging & Interventional Radiology, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Subhartipuram, NH-58, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Prashant K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Orththopedics, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Subhartipuram, NH-58, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rastogi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Subhartipuram, NH-58, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Subhartipuram, NH-58, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Singh
keywords: Arthritis; Taylor's approach; scoliosis; subarachnoid block