title: Dietary patterns of French adults: associations with demographic, socio-economic and behavioural factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the French eating model may differ from those of other countries, no studies to date have investigated dietary patterns in a wide age range of adults and at the national level. We aimed to identify dietary patterns (DP) of French adults and assess their associations with demographic, socio-economic and behavioural factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study included 2624 adults (1087 men, 1537 women) aged 18-79 years from the cross-sectional national French INCA2 dietary survey. Dietary data were collected using a 7-day estimated food record. Clusters of DP were derived using principal component analysis and clustering, conjointly. Age-adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the association between DP and correlates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five DP were identified, namely 'traditional', 'prudent', 'diversified', 'processed' and 'sandwiches'. Men were more likely to follow a traditional diet and women the 'prudent' pattern. Members of the 'processed' and 'sandwiches' patterns were younger compared to non-members. Healthier dietary patterns were overall positively associated with a higher socio-economic position, healthier behaviours (in terms of sedentary behaviours and smoking status) and lower body mass index. Under-reporting of energy intake, restrictive diet to lose weight and dietary supplement consumption were also related to specific DP, although differentially in men and women. Associations with contextual factors (i.e. household composition, agglomeration size and region) were also observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identification of adults' dietary patterns and associated behaviours (all modifiable) is important for the conceptualisation of multi-behavioural programs. The additional information on social and environmental correlates is also essential for targeting the most vulnerable population groups in the context of such public health interventions.
authors.affiliation: Food and Health Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons Alfort Cedex, France.|INSERM U1085-IRSET, Team, Epidemiological Research on Environment, Reproduction and Development Team, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France.|EHESP, School of Public Health, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertin
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, UMR U557, Inserm, U1125, Inra, CNAM, Paris 13 University SMBH, Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Touvier
authors.affiliation: Food and Health Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons Alfort Cedex, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dubuisson
authors.affiliation: Food and Health Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons Alfort Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.affiliation: Food and Health Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons Alfort Cedex, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Havard
authors.affiliation: Food and Health Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons Alfort Cedex, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lafay
authors.affiliation: Food and Health Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons Alfort Cedex, France.
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Volatier
authors.affiliation: Food and Health Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons Alfort Cedex, France.|Inserm UMR 1153, Early Origin of the Child's Health And Development Team (ORCHAD), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lioret
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004034:Diet Surveys; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: behaviour; dietary assessment; public health