title: Clinical outcomes in a contemporary series of "young" patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who were 60 years and younger.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prognosis of younger patients with prostate cancer is unclear, and the very few studies assessing those with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have mainly involved patients treated with older therapies. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a contemporary series of docetaxel-treated patients with mCRPC who were 60 years and younger.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively identified 134 patients who were 60 years and younger who were treated with docetaxel in 25 Italian hospitals and recorded their predocetaxel history of prostate cancer, their characteristics at the start of chemotherapy, and their postdocetaxel treatment history and outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the 134 consecutive patients with mCRPC received the standard 3-week docetaxel schedule; median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7 months, and 90 patients underwent further therapies after progression. The median overall survival (OS) from the start of docetaxel treatment was 21 months, but OS was significantly prolonged by the postprogression treatments, particularly those based on the new agents such as cabazitaxel, abiraterone acetate, or enzalutamide. OS was significantly shorter in the patients with a shorter interval between the diagnosis of prostate cancer and the start of docetaxel treatment; those who received hormonal treatment for a shorter period; those with shorter prostate-specific antigen doubling times; and those with lower hemoglobin levels, a worse performance status, and higher lactate dehydrogenase levels before starting treatment with docetaxel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this first study of clinical outcomes in a contemporary series of younger patients with mCRPC showed that their survival is similar to that expected in unselected patients with mCRPC who were of any age.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy. Electronic address: orazio.caffo@apss.tn.it.
authors.forename: Orazio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Caffo
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Italy.
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.affiliation: Oncologia Urologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, General Hospital, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Teodoro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sava
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST)-IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
authors.forename: Ugo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: De Giorgi
authors.affiliation: Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavaliere
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Sveva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Macrini
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, General Hospital, Merano, Italy.
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spizzo
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata-IRCCS, Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aieta
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy.
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, General Hospital, Bolzano, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lodde
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, General Hospital, Frosinone, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mansueto
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo Andrea
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Zucali
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomopathological Sciences, La Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alesini
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, San Vincenzo Hospital, Taormina, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Angelo
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Massari
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.affiliation: Oncologia medica genitourinaria-Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Procopio
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ratta
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fratino
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lo Re
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, ULSS5 Ovest Vicentino, Montecchio Maggiore, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pegoraro
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Unit 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Fable
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zustovich
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, San Giacomo Apostolo Hospital, Castelfranco Veneto, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vicario
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Italy.
authors.forename: Fiorella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ruatta
authors.affiliation: Oncologia Urologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Piera
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Federico
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, General Hospital, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: La Russa
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST)-IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore Luca
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Burgio
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maines
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veccia
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Enzo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galligioni
mesh_terms: D000077143:Docetaxel; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel
keywords: Abiraterone acetate; Cabazitaxel; Docetaxel; Enzalutamide; Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; Young