title: Employing FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase within a glucose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cell operating in human serum.
abstract: Flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH) is emerging as an oxygen-insensitive alternative to glucose oxidase (GOx) as the biocatalyst for bioelectrodes and bioanodes in glucose sensing and glucose enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs). Glucose EFCs, which utilize oxygen as the oxidant and final electron acceptor, have the added benefit of being able to be implanted within living hosts. These can then produce electrical energy from physiological glucose concentrations and power internal or external devices. EFCs were prepared with FAD-GDH and bilirubin oxidase (BOx) to evaluate the suitability of FAD-GDH within an implantable setting. Maximum current and power densities of 186.6±7.1 μA cm(-2) and 39.5±1.3 μW cm(-2) were observed when operating in human serum at 21 °C, which increased to 285.7±31.3 μA cm(-2) and 57.5±5.4 μW cm(-2) at 37 °C. Although good stability was observed with continual near-optimal operation of the EFCs in human serum at 21 °C for 24 h, device failure was observed between 13-14 h when continually operated at 37 °C.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Milton
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
authors.forename: Koun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States. Electronic address: minteer@chem.utah.edu.
authors.forename: Shelley D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Minteer
mesh_terms: D001230:Aspergillus / Q000201:enzymology; D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D004566:Electrodes; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D042843:Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000201:enzymology; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D044967:Serum / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D042843:Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; C042401:bilirubin oxidase; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Bilirubin oxidase; FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase; Glucose; Oxygen; Serum