title: Ten-year trends in the prevalence and correlates of major depressive disorder in Korean near-elderly adults: a comparison of repeated nationwide cross-sectional studies from 2001 and 2011.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Near-elderly adults go through many changes in socioeconomic status, such as retirement, which may affect their mental health differently according to when they live. We aimed to compare the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its changes according to sociodemographic factors using nationally representative surveys of Korean near-elderly adults conducted 10 years apart.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nationwide community samples of individuals aged 55-64 years living in 2001 (n = 1256) and 2011 (n = 1066) were compared. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview to diagnose MDD. Sociodemographic data were collected using self-reported questionnaires including questions on employment and economic status. We examined differences in MDD prevalence and its association with sociodemographic factors over time by calculating 2011-to-2001 odds ratios (ORs) using multivariable logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among near-elderly people, MDD tended to be more prevalent in 2011 than in 2001. However, only near-elderly men in 2011 showed a higher risk of MDD compared with those in 2001 (2011-to-2001 OR 4.19), while women did not. The prevalence ratio by gender decreased from 7.04 in 2001 to 2.34 in 2011. Among vulnerable sociodemographic groups, a significant increase in MDD was observed in unemployed men (adjusted OR 8.35), but not in unemployed women or other vulnerable groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence of a substantial increase in MDD in Korean near-elderly men and suggests that unemployment should be considered as an important correlate of MDD in this group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Seoul, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jee Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul Metropolitan Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Seoul, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
authors.forename: Su Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Seoul, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea. mjcho@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Maeng Je
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Major depressive disorder; Older adults; Prevalence; Social change; Time trends