title: Association of serum irisin and body composition with chronic kidney disease in obese Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Irisin, an exercise induced myokine, has broad implications for metabolism and energy homeostasis. Available evidence about the association of serum irisin with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data on socio-demographic, lifestyle, clinical characteristics and serum irisin were collected for 1,115 community-living obese Chinese adults (waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥ 80 cm for women). CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) and/or the presence of albuminuria. Associations of serum irisin and body composition measurements with CKD were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of CKD were 23.1% (26.6% in females and 15.5% in males, p < 0.001). Subjects within quartile 4 group of serum irisin had significantly the lowest prevalence of CKD (22.9%, 22.2%, 28.7% and 18.7% for quartile 1-4 groups, respectively, p = 0.046). With adjustment for potential confounders, compared with those within quartile 1 group of serum irisin, subjects within quartile 4 group showed significantly decreased risk of CKD and marginally decreased risk of albuminuria, with the adjusted odds ratios (ORs, 95% CI) of 0.572 (0.353-0.927, p = 0.023) and 0.611 (0.373-1.000, p = 0.050), respectively. As for body composition measurements, only body fat percentage was significantly associated with both albuminuira and CKD, with ORs (95% CI) of 1.046 (1.002-1.092, p = 0.039) and 1.049 (1.006-1.093, p = 0.025), respectively. No statistically significant interaction effect between serum irisin and body composition measurements on CKD was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results imply that high serum irisin level was associated with reduced risk of CKD, and should be confirmed in future studies. Furthermore, adiposity per se, rather than body weight or body shape, is independently associated with increased risk of CKD. Future studies should examine whether decreasing body fat percentage may prevent or slow CKD.
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Xiamen, China. xmyangshuyu@126.com.|Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003, China. xmyangshuyu@126.com.
authors.forename: Shuyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003, China. xfs888@163.com.
authors.forename: Fangsen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. plinda1987@sina.com.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003, China. huijiezhang2005@126.com.
authors.forename: Huijie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. mazhimin01@sina.com.
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Xiamen, China. liush_xm@126.com.
authors.forename: Suhuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. yongwen_liu@163.com.
authors.forename: Yongwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Xiamen, China. zhwais@263.net.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Xiamen, China. cynthia.zeng@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003, China. liuchangqin@126.com.
authors.forename: Changqin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Xiamen, China. xiaoying_li@hotmail.com.|Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003, China. xiaoying_li@hotmail.com.|Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. xiaoying_li@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Xiamen, China. xmlixuejun@163.com.|Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003, China. xmlixuejun@163.com.
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Xiamen, China. zhibinli33@hotmail.com.|Epidemiology Research Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No.55 Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003, China. zhibinli33@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhibin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000097:blood*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C577593:FNDC5 protein, human; D005353:Fibronectins