title: Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fractions in asphalt mixtures using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization.
abstract: An analytical method using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in asphalt fractions has been developed. The 14 compounds determined, characterized by having two or more condensed aromatic rings, are expected to be present in asphalt and are considered carcinogenic and mutagenic. The parameters of the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface were optimized to obtain the highest possible sensitivity for all of the compounds. The limits of detection ranged from 0.5 to 346.5 μg/L and the limits of quantification ranged from 1.7 to 1550 μg/L. The method was validated against a diesel particulate extract standard reference material (NIST SRM 1975), and the obtained concentrations agreed with the certified values. The method was applied to asphalt samples after its fractionation according to ASTM D4124 and the method of Green. The concentrations of the seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons quantified in the sample ranged from 0.86 mg/kg for benzo[ghi]perylene to 98.32 mg/kg for fluorene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Cicero
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Assis
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gobo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bohrer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro Machado
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: CENPES/Petrobras, 950, Cidade Universitária Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Margareth Coutinho
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cravo
authors.affiliation: CENPES/Petrobras, 950, Cidade Universitária Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leni Figueiredo Mathias
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Leite
keywords: Asphalt; Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry; Liquid chromatography; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons