title: From zero to six double bonds: phospholipid unsaturation and organelle function.
abstract: Cellular phospholipids (PLs) differ by the nature of their polar heads as well as by the length and unsaturation level of their fatty acyl chains. We discuss how the ratio between saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated PLs impacts on the functions of such organelles as the endoplasmic reticulum, synaptic vesicles, and photoreceptor discs. Recent experiments and simulations suggest that polyunsaturated PLs respond differently to mechanical stress, including membrane bending, than monounsaturated PLs owing to their unique conformational plasticity. These findings suggest a rationale for PL acyl chain remodeling by acyltransferases and a molecular explanation for the importance of a balanced fatty acid diet.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France. Electronic address: antonny@ipmc.cnrs.fr.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Antonny
authors.affiliation: Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vanni
authors.affiliation: Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shindou
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires (STIM), CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée (ERL) 7368, Université de Poitiers, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D008243:1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010743:Phospholipids; D008243:1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase
keywords: lipid remodeling; lipid-packing defect; mechanotransduction; membrane curvature; polyunsaturated phospholipid