title: Morphologic, molecular, and ultrastructural characterization of a feline synovial cell sarcoma and derived cell line.
abstract: A 2.5-year-old, male, neutered cat presented with a 5-month history of progressive right hind limb lameness and an enlarged right popliteal lymph node. Radiographs revealed significant bony lysis of the tarsus and distal tibia, and fine-needle aspirate of the bone lesion and lymph node revealed a neoplastic population of cells with uncertain origin. Amputation was elected, and the mass was submitted for histology and cellular culture for better characterization. Histologic examination revealed a mixture of spindle-shaped cells and larger, round to polygonal cells. All cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, and only the larger polygonal cells were also positive for cytokeratin. All cells were negative for desmin, smooth muscle actin, cluster of differentiation (CD)3, CD18, CD79a, macrophage antibody (MAC)387, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Cultured neoplastic cells failed to express CD18, and were not able to secrete the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1 (IL-1)β, and IL-6 when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, disproving that the cells originated from the macrophage or monocyte line. Ultrastructurally, neoplastic cells were characterized by abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, interdigitating cellular processes, and membrane condensations. Based on location and cytologic, histologic, ultrastructural, and functional studies, this neoplasm was considered a synovial cell sarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology (Garner, Howerth, Sakamoto) College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GASmall Animal Medicine and Surgery (Torres, Northrup), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GAUniversity of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Cazzini)Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad (Frontera-Acevedo).
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cazzini
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology (Garner, Howerth, Sakamoto) College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GASmall Animal Medicine and Surgery (Torres, Northrup), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GAUniversity of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Cazzini)Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad (Frontera-Acevedo).
authors.forename: Karelma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Frontera-Acevedo
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology (Garner, Howerth, Sakamoto) College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GASmall Animal Medicine and Surgery (Torres, Northrup), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GAUniversity of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Cazzini)Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad (Frontera-Acevedo).
authors.forename: Bridget
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Garner
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology (Garner, Howerth, Sakamoto) College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GASmall Animal Medicine and Surgery (Torres, Northrup), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GAUniversity of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Cazzini)Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad (Frontera-Acevedo).
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Howerth
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology (Garner, Howerth, Sakamoto) College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GASmall Animal Medicine and Surgery (Torres, Northrup), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GAUniversity of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Cazzini)Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad (Frontera-Acevedo).
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology (Garner, Howerth, Sakamoto) College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GASmall Animal Medicine and Surgery (Torres, Northrup), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GAUniversity of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Cazzini)Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad (Frontera-Acevedo).
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Northrup
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology (Garner, Howerth, Sakamoto) College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GASmall Animal Medicine and Surgery (Torres, Northrup), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GAUniversity of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Cazzini)Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad (Frontera-Acevedo) kaoris@uga.edu.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle / Q000662:veterinary; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002415:Cats; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006614:Hindlimb; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Cats; cytology; electron microscopy; immunohistochemical staining; synovial cell sarcoma