title: Traditional Uighur Medicine Karapxa decoction, inhibits liver xanthine oxidase and reduces serum uric acid concentrations in hyperuricemic mice and scavenges free radicals in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Karapxa decoction (KD) is a Traditional Uighur Medicine used for hepatitis, cholecystitis, gastralgia, oedema, gout and arthralgia. Because of its purported effect in gout, its effects were tested in hyperuricemic mice models induced by yeast extract paste or potassium oxonate, as well as its capacity to scavenge free radicals in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hyperuricemia was induced in mice by yeast extract paste or potassium oxonate. KD was given orally for 14 days at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg/day, with Allopurinol 10 mg/kg/day as positive control. Serum uric acid (UA), and liver xanthine oxidase activity (XO) were measured. Scavenging activity of KD on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPP•), nitric oxide (•NO), superoxide (O2•-), efficiency against lipid peroxidation, and XO inhibition were determined in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  KD inhibited liver XO activity and reduced serum uric acid in hyperuricemic mice. KD also showed noticeable antioxidant activity, scavenging free radicals (DPP•, •NO and O2•-). It was effective against lipid peroxidation and inhibited XO in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports the traditional use of Karapxa decoction to treat hyperuricemia and gout.
authors.affiliation: Traditional Uighur Medicine Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Medical University Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. nur818@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Nurmuhammat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amat
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology - Université de Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France. anwar.umar@126.com.|Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011-Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. anwar.umar@126.com.
authors.forename: Anwar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Umar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011-Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. pld425@sina.com.
authors.forename: Parida
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoxur
authors.affiliation: Traditional Uighur Medicine Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Medical University Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. Mirigul13@yahoo.cn.
authors.forename: Mihrigul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anaydulla
authors.affiliation: Traditional Uighur Medicine Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Medical University Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. guzalnuryimam@126.com.
authors.forename: Guzalnur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Imam
authors.affiliation: Traditional Uighur Medicine Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Medical University Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. Rena727@sina.com.
authors.forename: Ranagul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.affiliation: Traditional Uighur Medicine Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Medical University Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. halmurat@263.net.
authors.forename: Halmurat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Upur
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, 116 Huanghe Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 83000, China. ankijjoa@icbas.up.pt.|Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 40-50-313, Porto, Portugal. ankijjoa@icbas.up.pt.
authors.forename: Anake
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kijjoa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology - Université de Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France. nicholas.moore@pharmaco.u-bordeaux2.fr.|Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011-Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. nicholas.moore@pharmaco.u-bordeaux2.fr.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019661:Apiaceae; D019659:Asteraceae; D027722:Convolvulaceae; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014527:Uric Acid; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase