title: Black-White Health Inequalities in Canada.
abstract: Little is known about Black-White health inequalities in Canada or the applicability of competing explanations for them. To address this gap, we used nine cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey to analyze multiple health outcomes in a sample of 3,127 Black women, 309,720 White women, 2,529 Black men and 250,511 White men. Adjusting for age, marital status, urban/rural residence and immigrant status, Black women and men were more likely than their White counterparts to report diabetes and hypertension, Black women were less likely than White women to report cancer and fair/poor mental health and Black men were less likely than White men to report heart disease. These health inequalities persisted after controlling for education, household income, smoking, physical activity and body-mass index. We conclude that high rates of diabetes and hypertension among Black Canadians may stem from experiences of racism in everyday life, low rates of heart disease and cancer among Black Canadians may reflect survival bias and low rates of fair/poor mental health among Black Canadian women represent a mental health paradox similar to the one that exists for African Americans in the United States.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada. gerry.veenstra@ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Gerry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Veenstra
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Patterson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000208:ethnology; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001741:Black or African American
keywords: Black–White; Body-mass index; Canada; Health behaviors; Racial health disparities; Socioeconomic status