title: Bisphenol A inhibits duodenal movement ex vivo of rat through nitric oxide-mediated soluble guanylyl cyclase and α-adrenergic signaling pathways.
abstract: The gastrointestinal tract is directly exposed to bisphenol A (BPA)-tainted foods and beverages stored in polycarbonate plastic containers. The effect of BPA on the movement of small intestine has not been reported until now. We report here the effect of BPA on the movement of the duodenum ex vivo in a rat model. We found significant inhibition of duodenal movement by BPA (10-320 µM). We suggest that BPA-induced inhibition of duodenal movement might be due to the suppression of stimulatory and/or activation of inhibitory motor neurons in enteric plexuses innervating the longitudinal and circular visceral smooth muscle cells in the duodenal wall. We observed a significant reversal of BPA-induced depression of duodenal movement by methylene blue, a soluble guanylyl cyclase blocker and N-ω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor; but significant potentiation of the movement by sodium nitroprusside, a NO donor. From the results, we may suggest that BPA-induced inhibition of the movement might be partially due to activation of inhibitory motor neurons that secrete NO, a relaxant, on to smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, we found significant reversal of BPA-induced depression of the movement in phentolamine, an α-adrenergic receptor blocker, pretreated preparation. This result proves that norepinephrine secreting motor neurons may also be involved in BPA-induced inhibition of the movement. From the results, we conclude that BPA inhibits the movement of the duodenum through NO-mediated soluble guanylyl cyclase and α-adrenergic signaling pathways in visceral smooth muscle cells.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Unit, Environmental Physiology Division, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Kaushik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Unit, Environmental Physiology Division, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Panchali
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tarafder
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Unit, Environmental Physiology Division, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Goutam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000502:physiology*; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D008751:Methylene Blue; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009599:Nitroprusside; D010636:Phenols; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds; C081124:acetyl chloride
keywords: Bisphenol A; duodenal movement; guanylyl cyclase; nitric oxide; nitric oxide synthase; nor-epinephrine; visceral smooth muscle