title: Curriculum development for a national cardiotocography education program: a Delphi survey to obtain consensus on learning objectives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define learning objectives for a national cardiotocography (CTG) education program based on expert consensus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-round Delphi survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  One midwife and one obstetrician from each maternity unit in Denmark were appointed based on CTG teaching experience and clinical obstetric experience.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following national and international guidelines, the research group determined six topics as important when using CTG: fetal physiology, equipment, indication, interpretation, clinical management, and communication/responsibility. In the first Delphi round, participants listed one to five learning objectives within the predefined topics. Responses were analyzed by a directed approach to content analysis. Phrasing was modified in accordance with Bloom's taxonomy. In the second and third Delphi rounds, participants rated each objective on a five-point relevance scale. Consensus was predefined as objectives with a mean rating value of ≥ 3.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prioritized list of CTG learning objectives.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 42 midwives and obstetricians from 21 maternity units were invited to participate, of whom 26 completed all three Delphi rounds, representing 18 maternity units. The final prioritized list included 40 objectives. The highest ranked objectives emphasized CTG interpretation and clinical management. The lowest ranked objectives emphasized fetal physiology. Mean ratings of relevance ranged from 3.15 to 5.00.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  National consensus on CTG learning objectives was achieved using the Delphi methodology. This was an initial step in developing a valid CTG education program. A prioritized list of objectives will clarify which topics to emphasize in a CTG education program.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Juliane Marie Center for Children, Women, and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet University Hospital/University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Line
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thellesen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Juliane Marie Center for Children, Women, and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet University Hospital/University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hedegaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nordsjaellands Hospital/University of Copenhagen, Hilleröd, Denmark.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bergholt
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Juliane Marie Center for Children, Women, and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet University Hospital/University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Nina P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Colov
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Juliane Marie Center for Children, Women, and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet University Hospital/University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Stinne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoegh
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Juliane Marie Center for Children, Women, and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet University Hospital/University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jette L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sorensen
mesh_terms: D015148:Cardiotocography; D002983:Clinical Competence; D032921:Consensus; D003479:Curriculum; D003625:Data Collection; D003697:Delphi Technique; D003718:Denmark; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D008880:Midwifery / Q000193:education*; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000193:education*
keywords: Cardiotocography; Delphi technique; consensus; curriculum; fetal monitoring; medical education; obstetrics