title: Delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials by cell-penetrating peptides: opportunities and challenges.
abstract: Many viral and nonviral systems have been developed to aid delivery of biologically active molecules into cells. Among these, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have received increasing attention in the past two decades for biomedical applications. In this review, we focus on opportunities and challenges associated with CPP delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials. We first describe the nature of versatile CPPs and their interactions with various types of cargoes. We then discuss in vivo and in vitro delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials by CPPs. Studies on the mechanisms of cellular entry and limitations in the methods used are detailed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409-1120, USA.
authors.forename: Yue-Wern
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Han-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409-1120, USA.
authors.forename: Larry M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Tolliver
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409-1120, USA.
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Aronstam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D009696:Nucleic Acids