title: Comparative analysis of cytokine release from epithelial cell cultures of the upper airway.
abstract: Upper airway epithelial cells show a multi-potential ability to produce a variety of cytokines/chemokines in the steady-state and under external stimuli.
  
  
  
  To compare various cytokines/chemokines released from primary cultures of human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) derived from healthy controls and subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) in non- stimulated and IL-17A-stimulated conditions.
  
  
  
  The supernatants derived from HNECs of healthy control, AR, CRSwNPs were used to measure 20 of cytokines/chemo- kines in the non-stimulated and IL-17A-stimulated conditions.
  
  
  
  AR and CRSwNPs showed significant up-regulation in the release of IL-6, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and the release of IL-6, TSLP, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in comparison with normal controls, respectively. Secretion of GM-CSF and TNFα were enhanced in patients with nasal polyps as compared with AR. Stimulation with IL-17A enhanced the secretion of IL-8 and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the normal control, IL-6 and IL-8 in AR, and IL-6, TSLP, G-CSF, GM-CSF and TNFα in nasal polyps.
  
  
  
  Epithelial cells derived from AR and CRSwNPs showed up-regulation of secretion of several cytokines/chemokines both in the steady state and after IL-17A stimulation, which may contribute to the inflammatory responses of AR and CRSwNPs.
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiozawa
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: Noritsugu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Hirotomo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirotsu
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology*; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000378:metabolism*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines