title: Induction of antigen specific CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T regulatory cells from naïve natural thymic derived T regulatory cells.
abstract: CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+)T regulatory cells (Treg) play a major role in prevention of induction and control of immune responses, and contribute to induction of immune tolerance. Natural or thymic Treg (tTreg) have non-antigen specific suppressor action. Tolerance to a specific antigen is also mediated by CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+)Treg, but the source of these cells is disputed. Many suggest that they are derived from effector lineage CD4(+)CD25(-)FOXP3(-)T cells and are induced Treg (iTreg). Our work shows that tTreg with specific TCR for the antigen can be activated to more potent antigen specific Treg. We have demonstrated that initial activation of tTreg with antigen and IL-2 induces antigen specific Treg that express receptors for the late Th1 cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12. These antigen specific Treg suppress effector lineage T cells at much lower ratios than tTreg, and we call these Ts1 cells as they are activated by Th1 cytokines and express receptors for Th1 cytokines. Further activation of Ts1 cells with specific antigen and late Th1 cytokines such as IL-12 induces very potent Th1-like Treg, that express t-bet, the transcription factor for Th1 cells, as well as the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ. Similar Th1-like Treg can be induced in IL-2 activated tTreg, by IFN-γ or IL-27. tTreg activated by antigen in the presence of IL-4 induces antigen specific Treg that express the IL-5 receptor, and these Ts2 cells can be induced to Th2-like Treg by IL-5 and antigen. tTreg can be activated to antigen specific Tregs that induce tolerance and have therapeutic potential.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia; Immune Tolerance Group, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Liverpool Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Liverpool Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: b.hall@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: Bruce M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia; Immune Tolerance Group, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Liverpool Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Liverpool Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Giang T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia; Immune Tolerance Group, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Liverpool Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Liverpool Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia; Immune Tolerance Group, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Liverpool Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Liverpool Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Suzanne J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hodgkinson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit
keywords: Antigen specific; CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T regulatory cells: Treg; Cytokines; IFN-γ; IL-12; IL-2; IL-4; IL-5; IL-5R; Suppressor; Th1-like Treg; Th2-like; Tolerance; Treg; Ts1; Ts2; iTreg; tTreg