title: Novel tricalcium silicate/magnesium phosphate composite bone cement having high compressive strength, in vitro bioactivity and cytocompatibility.
abstract: Although inorganic bone cements such as calcium phosphate cements have been widely applied in orthopaedic and dental fields because of their self-setting ability, development of high-strength bone cement with bioactivity and biodegradability remains a major challenge. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prepare a tricalcium silicate/magnesium phosphate (C3S/MPC) composite bone cement, which is intended to combine the excellent bioactivity of C3S with remarkable self-setting properties and mechanical strength of MPC. The self-setting and mechanical properties, in vitro induction of apatite formation and degradation behaviour, and cytocompatibility of the composite cements were investigated. Our results showed that the C3S/MPC composite cement with an optimal composition had compressive strength up to 87 MPa, which was significantly higher than C3S (25 MPa) and MPC (64 MPa). The setting time could be adjusted between 3 min and 29 min with the variation of compositions. The hydraulic reaction products of the C3S/MPC composite cement were composed of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) derived from the hydration of C3S and gel-like amorphous substance. The C3S/MPC composite cements could induce apatite mineralization on its surface in SBF solution and degraded gradually in Tris-HCl solution. Besides, the composite cements showed good cytocompatibility and stimulatory effect on the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells. Our results indicated that the C3S/MPC composite bone cement might be a new promising high-strength inorganic bioactive material which may hold the potential for bone repair in load-bearing site.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of sciences, 319 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhiguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chengtie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: jchang@mail.sic.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; D017640:Silicates; C506393:tricalcium silicate; C030781:magnesium phosphate
keywords: Bioactive material; Bone cement; Magnesium phosphate; Orthopaedic; Tricalcium silicate