title: Risk factors for venous thromboembolism of total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review of evidences in ten years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) have been examined by many studies. A comprehensive systematic review of recent findings of high evidence level in this topic is needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a PubMed search for papers published between 2003 and 2013 that provided level-I and level-II evidences on risk factors for VTE of TJA. For each potential factors examined in at least three papers, we summarize the the number of the papers and confirmed the direction of statistically significant associations, e.g. "risk factor" "protective factor" or "controversial factor".
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-four papers were included in the systematic review. Risk factors found to be associated with VTE of both total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty included older age, female sex, higher BMI, bilateral surgery, surgery time > 2 hours. VTE history was found as a VTE risk factor of THA but an controversial factor of TKA. Cemented fixation as compared to cementless fixation was found as a risk factor for VTE only of TKA. TKA surgery itself was confirmed as a VTE risk factor compared with THA surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This systematic review of high level evidences published in recent ten years identified a range of potential factors associated with VTE risk of total joint arthroplasty. These results can provide informations in this topic for doctors, patients and researchers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China. dr.zzh@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Zi-hao
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China. shenbin71@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China. cd-yangjing@163.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China. zongke@126.com.
authors.forename: Zong-ke
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China. kangpd@163.com.
authors.forename: Peng-de
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China. peifuxing@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Fu-xing
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Pei
mesh_terms: D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*