title: The protective effect of single dose tadalafil in contrast-induced nephropathy: an experimental study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is one of the most common causes of acute renal failure in hospitalized patients. The direct toxic effect of contrast media; ischemic damage caused by reactive oxygen species; increased perivascular hydrostatic pressure; high viscosity and changes in the activity of vasoactive substances play important roles in the pathogenesis. Tadalafil inhibits the phosphodiesterase enzyme which destroys nitric oxide. Nitric oxide causes renal vasodilatation, increases renal medullar blood flow and mediates the removal of free oxygen radicals. Drugs that increase levels of nitric oxide are expected to reduce the development of contrast nephropathy due to contrast media. We aimed to test the hypothesis that tadalafil reduces the development of contrast nephropathy due to contrast toxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 female Wistar albino rats, three groups of eight, were included in the study. After 48 hours of dehydration, contrast media (meglumine diatrozoate, 6 mL/kg) was administered to the first group, and contrast media with tadalafil (10 mg/kg) was administered to the second group. The third group served as the control group. Blood and tissue samples were taken 48 hours after this procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum cystatin C, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values were significantly lower in the contrast with tadalafil group compared to the group given only contrast. Serum and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly lower in the contrast with tadalafil group than in the contrast only group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate the protective effect of tadalafil in the prevention of CIN in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University; Tokat-Turkey. keremozbek@doctor.com.
authors.forename: Kerem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Özbek
authors.forename: Köksal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ceyhan
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koç
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Söğüt
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Altunkaş
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karayakalı
authors.forename: Ataç
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Çelik
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kadı
authors.forename: R Doğan
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Köseoğlu
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Önalan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000068581:Tadalafil / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000068581:Tadalafil