title: Obesity increases the risk of renal involvement in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura.
abstract: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between obesity and renal involvement in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). A retrospective study of 141 pediatric patients with HSP was conducted in our hospital. The clinical data of all patients were collected from the electronic medical record management system from January 2010 to June 2014. The possible risk factors of renal involvement, especially obesity, were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Renal involvement occurred in 45/141 of the patients. A univariate analysis showed that an age more than 7 years at onset, persistent purpura, obesity, time from symptoms onset to diagnosis more than 14 days, and decreased C3 all increased the risk of renal involvement in HSP. The forward stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated obesity (odds ratio (OR) 4.43, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.896 to 10.358), age more than 7 years at onset (OR 2.81, 95 % CI 1.142 to 6.907), and persistent purpura (OR 2.57, 95 % CI 1.119 to 5.909) were independent risk factors for renal involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that obesity can increase the hazard of renal involvement in children with HSP and reconfirm that older age at onset and persistent purpura are the independent risk factors for renal involvement.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  • There have been some reports that obesity was associated with the development of renal injury. • It is not clear whether obesity can increase the risk of renal involvement in children with HSP. What is New: • The main finding of this study is that obesity can increase the hazard of renal involvement in children with HSP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, China. zhaoyongli79@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong-Li
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-2917
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, China. liuzj625@163.com.
authors.forename: Zheng-Juan
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, China. xuemei-bai@163.com.
authors.forename: Xue-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, China. wangyuchuan211@sina.cn.
authors.forename: Yu-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, China. lgh1016@163.com.
authors.forename: Guo-Hua
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, China. yanxy1980@163.com.
authors.forename: Xue-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D011695:IgA Vasculitis / Q000150:complications*; D015994:Incidence; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Children; Henoch–Schönlein purpura; Obesity; Renal involvement; Risk factors