title: Long-term athletic development, part 2: barriers to success and potential solutions.
abstract: The first installment of this two-part commentary reviewed existing models of long-term athletic development. However, irrespective of the model that is adopted by practitioners, existing structures within competitive youth sports in addition to the prevalence of physical inactivity in a growing number of modern-day youth may serve as potential barriers to the success of any developmental pathway. The second part of this commentary will initially highlight common issues that are likely to impede the success of long-term athletic development programs and then propose solutions that will address the negative impact of such issues.
authors.affiliation: 1Youth Physical Development Unit, School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; 2Department of Health and Exercise Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey; 3Department of Kinesiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 4School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom; 5Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom; 6Department of Family Medicine, Division of Sports Medicine, Sports Health and Performance Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; 7Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Provo, Utah; 8Department of Orthopaedics, Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; 9Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 10The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom; 12Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island; 13Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand; 14School of Exercise, Health and Biomedical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; 15Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; 16Department of Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; and 17Sports Health and Performance Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Rhodri S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: Jon L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Avery D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Faigenbaum
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Mark B A
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: De Ste Croix
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Best
authors.forename: Brent A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Alvar
authors.forename: Lyle J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Micheli
authors.forename: D Phillip
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Disa L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hatfield
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cronin
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Myer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000379:methods*; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods*; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012574:Schools