title: Ureteroscopy-assisted retrograde nephrostomy for a large and obstructive renal pelvic stone: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have previously described the use of ureteroscopy-assisted retrograde nephrostomy. However, reaching the target calyx with the ureteroscope is difficult in patients with obstructive renal pelvic stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 53-year-old Japanese woman was referred to our department for the treatment of a right renal stone. She was admitted to our department for percutaneous nephrolithotomy of a right renal stone located at her ureteropelvic junction. A Lawson retrograde nephrostomy puncture wire was subsequently inserted into the flexible ureteroscope, and we successfully punctured the calyx from the target spot to the skin. The nephrostomy was dilated, and the stone fragments were obtained and removed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We here report the case of a large and obstructive renal stone successfully treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy using the ureteroscopy-assisted retrograde nephrostomy technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ohguchi Higashi General Hospital, 2-19-1, Irie, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan. takashi_tk2001@yahoo.co.jp.|Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama City, Japan. takashi_tk2001@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ohguchi Higashi General Hospital, 2-19-1, Irie, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan. pug_daikichi@yahoo.co.jp.|Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama City, Japan. pug_daikichi@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ohguchi Higashi General Hospital, 2-19-1, Irie, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan. hide_bunko@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama City, Japan. hu0428@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroji
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama City, Japan. kubotayo@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ohguchi Higashi General Hospital, 2-19-1, Irie, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan. junmatukd5@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000379:methods*