title: Genetic polymorphisms of NFκB1 -94 del/ins ATTG, NFκB1A 2758 A>G and SUMO rs237025 G>A in psoriasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO4) are key transcription factors involved in the regulation of immune responses and apoptosis. The aim of this study is to test for the association of NF-κB and SUMO gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility and severity of psoriasis among Saudi cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a case controlled study including 85 Saudi psoriasis patients in addition to 92 matched healthy unrelated controls from the same locality. For all participants, DNA was analyzed by PCR for characterization of NF-κB1 -94 del/ins ATTG, NF-κB IA 2758 A>G and SUMO rs237025 G>A gene polymorphisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to controls, psoriasis patients showed a non-significant difference for all frequencies of genotypes and alleles of NF-κB1 ins/del, NF-κB1A A>G and SUMO4 G>A polymorphisms (p>0.05). However, cases with the plaque type had significantly higher frequency of the SUMO4 A allele carriage (GA+AA genoytpes) than the guttate type (78.6% vs. 21.4%, p=0.02). The PASI score was also significantly higher among cases with the NF-κB1A AA genotype than other cases (p=0.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic polymorphisms of NF-κB1-94 ins/del ATTG, NF-κB IA 2758 A>G and SUMO4 rs237025 G>A were not associated with the susceptibility to psoriasis vulgaris in Saudi patients. However, it might be associated with the expressivity of the disease in terms of its clinical type and severity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullateef A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alzolibani
authors.affiliation: Research Centre, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Settin
authors.affiliation: Research Centre, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmed Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hisham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Noor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Elhefni
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmad A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al Robaee
keywords: Gene polymorphism; NF-κB; Psoriasis; SUMO4