title: Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis: current status.
abstract: Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) remains a major cause of secondary hypertension and kidney failure. Randomized prospective trials show that medical treatment should constitute the main therapeutic approach in ARAS. Regardless of intensive treatment and adequate blood pressure control, however, renal and extrarenal complications are not uncommon. Yet, the precise mechanisms, accurate detection, and optimal treatment in ARAS remain elusive. Strategies oriented to early detection and targeting these pathogenic pathways might prevent development of clinical end points. Here, we review the results of recent clinical trials, current understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms, novel imaging techniques to assess kidney damage in ARAS, and treatment options.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Nephrology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Hyo
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Nephrology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: lerman.lilach@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Lilach O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Lerman
mesh_terms: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004232:Diuretics
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Hypertension; Inflammation; Ischemia; Renal artery obstruction