title: Heparin and alkalinized lidocaine versus alkalinized lidocaine for treatment of interstitial cystitis symptoms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interstitial cystitis (IC), sometimes referred to as IC/bladder pain syndrome, is a substantial health care problem. Once considered a rare, orphan disease, it is now believed to be relatively common. This pilot study was undertaken to determine if the combination of heparin and alkalinized lidocaine (heparin-lidocaine) was more efficacious than alkalinized lidocaine at relieving pain and urgency symptoms associated with IC and also capable of yielding higher lidocaine absorption.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single blind study was conducted on 14 IC patients with a heparin-lidocaine combination versus alkalinized lidocaine instilled intravesically. In a separate study serum lidocaine levels for heparin-alkalinized lidocaine combination versus USP lidocaine only were determined by high performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alkalinized lidocaine and heparin have been reported to provide relief from pain and urgency symptoms associated with IC. The heparin-lidocaine combination significantly reduced the % of bladder pain (38% versus 13%, p = 0.029) and urgency (42% versus 8% p = 0.003) compared to lidocaine. In addition the GAR was significantly better for the heparin-lidocaine combination at both 1 hr % improved (77% versus 50%, p = 0.04) and 24 hrs (57% versus 23%, p = 0.002) after study drug treatment. Serum lidocaine levels for the heparin-lidocaine combination were significantly higher compared to USP lidocaine (unalkalinized). The mean +/- SEM was 0.45 +/- 0.09 µg/mL and 0.20 +/- 0.05 µg/mL, respectively (p = 0.019).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this pilot study the heparin-lidocaine combination results in significantly better relief of IC symptoms compared to alkalinized lidocaine and the combination yields higher lidocaine absorption than USP lidocaine.
authors.affiliation: UC San Diego Health System, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: C Lowell
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Koziol
authors.forename: Jeffrey G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Proctor
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zupkas
authors.forename: Sulabha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Argade
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000925:Anticoagulants; D006493:Heparin; D008012:Lidocaine