title: Ruthenium(II) anthraquinone complexes as two-photon luminescent probes for cycling hypoxia imaging in vivo.
abstract: Recently, cycling hypoxia, with cycles of hypoxia followed by reoxygenation, was found to induce the up-regulation of HIF-1 activity in tumor cells and reduce the success rate of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Thus, the ability to visualize cycling hypoxia in cells and in vivo is of great significance. To address this critical need, we have developed ruthenium(II) anthraquinone complexes as reversible two-photon luminescent probes; these probes are well suited for selectively and dynamically monitoring cycling hypoxia in live cells. Moreover, the probes can conveniently visualize inner hypoxia in 3D multicellular tumor spheroids and detect repeated cycles of hypoxia-reoxygenation in living zebrafish via two-photon luminescent imaging. The present study provides a powerful luminescent imaging tool for dynamically sensing of cycling hypoxia in vivo.
authors.affiliation: MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
authors.forename: Pingyu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
authors.forename: Huaiyi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
authors.forename: Jinquan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
authors.forename: Liangnian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China. Electronic address: ceschh@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chao
mesh_terms: D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D049449:Luminescence; D015335:Molecular Probes; D017785:Photons; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D015335:Molecular Probes; D012428:Ruthenium
keywords: Anthraquinone; Cycling; Hypoxia; Ru(II) complex; Two-photon