title: Utility estimation of hypothetical chronic obstructive pulmonary disease health states by the general population and health professionals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study attempted to estimate the utility weights for hypothetical chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) health states, including the effect of exacerbation, and based on utilities elicited from a representative sample using the time trade-off (TTO).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 200 study subjects were recruited using a quota sampling method in Seoul, Korea. Ten COPD health profiles were described reflecting the severity of COPD and the extent of exacerbation. Respondents evaluated each health state using a visual analogue scale and TTO during a personal interview. TTO values were estimated using a linear mixed model, and the model performance was evaluated in terms of its predictive ability and goodness of fit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimated TTO values were 0.824 in moderate, 0.646 in severe, and 0.305 in very severe COPD health states. The estimated utility decrements in TTO varied from 0.082 for a non-serious exacerbation to 0.228 for one non-serious plus one serious exacerbation per year. The mean absolute error of the TTO model was 0.008, and the generalized R(2) was 0.86.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The social preference of various COPD health states and the utility decrement due to exacerbation can be useful for the economic evaluation of COPD intervention in Korea.
authors.affiliation: Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. agins@naver.com.
authors.forename: Sujin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. angelenm@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hochang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea. kshgive@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Seon-Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro-43gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, South Korea. ohohoms@naver.comc.
authors.forename: Minsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ock
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ymoh55@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Yeon-Mok
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro-43gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, South Korea. mdjominwoo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Min-Woo
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Jo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D056910:Republic of Korea