title: Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: The Significance of Comorbidities and Pharmacotherapy.
abstract: Assessment of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with ADHD with emphasis on pharmacological treatment and comorbid disorders.
  
  
  
  We analyzed 408 medical records of patients with ADHD aged 7 to 18.
  
  
  
  The prevalence of overweight (14.71% vs. 12.83%, χ2= 3,586.43, p < .001) and obesity (6.37% vs. 3.45%, χ2= 3,588.19, p < .001) was significantly higher in children with ADHD compared with the population. There was significantly higher incidence of obesity in patients with comorbid diagnosis of adjustment disorder (22.22% vs. 4.42%, χ2= 5.66, p = .02) and mental retardation (19.05% vs. 4.42%, χ2= 7.63, p = .005). Pharmacological treatment was associated with a higher incidence of obesity (8.37% vs. 2.76%, χ2= 4.92, p = .03).
  
  
  
  Standardized body mass index (BMI), prevalence of overweight, and obesity was higher in patients with ADHD compared with the population. Higher incidence of obesity was shown in patients with analyzed comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Racicka
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Human Biological Development, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanć
authors.affiliation: 3 Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Giertuga
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bryńska
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wolańczyk
mesh_terms: D000275:Adjustment Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: ADHD; BMI; body height; body weight; obesity; overweight