title: Minimally invasive modified latarjet procedure in patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite recent advances in arthroscopic soft tissue repair and reconstruction for shoulder instability, Latarjet procedure is continuously a method of choice for many cases of unstable shoulders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical results of minimally invasive modified Latarjet technique in recurrent, traumatic anterior shoulder instability associated with obvious Hill-Sachs and Bankart lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2007 and 2013, 36 consequent patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability who underwent modified Latarjet operation were enrolled in this prospective study. The MRI studies revealed labrum detachment and Hill-Sachs lesion in all shoulders. For all patients, demographic and injury data were obtained and Constant Shoulder score, Rowe score, and UCLA scores were completed by related surgeon. Stability of the shoulder was assessed with the Jobe's relocation test preoperatively. The patients were followed up at two weeks, one month, three months, and six months from the date of the surgery and evaluated for probable complications. Above mentioned assessments were completed again at the time of the final follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average age of the enrolled patients was 24.6 (ranging from 18 to 33 years) and 35 patients out of the total of 36 patients were males. Motor-vehicle accidents were the major cause of the injuries (52%) with the average interval between the injury and operation of 3.1 ± 1.2 years (Ranging from 1 to 5 years). The average number of incidents of dislocations between the injury date and the surgery was 7.2 ± 2.1 (Ranging from 4 to 20). The average follow-up period was 37 months (Ranging from 12 to 65 months). All patients had Jobe's relocation test (Apprehension sign) pre-operatively and negative Jobe's relocation test post-operation. Significant improvements in functional scores were demonstrated postoperatively compared to preoperational assessment in all cases. Final follow up radiographs showed union of all the grafts and patients reported no incidents of re-dislocation during the follow-up period. One incidence of a superficial infection 2 weeks post operation was the only complication in this study. The infection was resolved with antibiotic treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Latarjet procedure demonstrated good or excellent short-term outcomes in management of patients with traumatic, recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation with a low level of post-operative complication risks.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ebrahimzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moradi
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zarei
keywords: Joints; Shoulder; trauma