title: ABC Transporter Inhibitors in Reversing Multidrug Resistance to Chemotherapy.
abstract: The superfamily of human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters comprises seven subfamilies (ABCA to G) with 48 members. In addition to their profound physiological and pharmacological functions, ABC transporters play important roles in instigating multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer by mediating the efflux of many anticancer drugs, particularly, ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC subfamily members. Previous development of ABCB1 transporter inhibitors has provided insights into seeking novel strategies in developing new classes of compound that inhibit ABCB1 and other MDRrelated ABC transporters. We herein review and evaluate current evidence in this area, with an emphasis on experimental and investigational agents that are under preclinical and clinical tests, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, natural products, microRNAs and novel chemical entities. New strategies targeting ABC transporters in cancer stem cells and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
authors.forename: Haigang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Anna J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mingwei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania. Private Bag 26 Hobart, Tasmania 7001 Australia. Johnson.liu@utas.edu.au.
authors.forename: Johnson J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001688:Biological Products / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D035683:MicroRNAs; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases