title: Dissemination of VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST233 at tertiary care hospitals in Egypt.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial pathogen, commonly causing infections in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to examine the genetic relatedness of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producing carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates collected from 2 tertiary hospitals in Cairo, Egypt using Multi Locus sequence typing (MLST).
  
  
  METHODS
  Phenotypic and genotypic detection of metallo-beta-lactamase for forty eight non-duplicate carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were carried out. DNA sequencing and MLST were done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bla VIM-2 gene was highly prevalent (28/33 strains, 85%) among 33 MBL-positive P.aeruginosa isolates. MLST revealed eleven distinct Sequence Types (STs). A unique ST233 clone producing VIM-2 was documented by MLST in P.aeruginosa strains isolated from Cairo university hospitals. The high prevalence of VIM-2 producers was not due to the spread of a single clone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the present study clearly demonstrate that clones of VIM-2 positive in our hospitals are different from those reported from European studies. Prevalence of VIM-2 producers of the same clone was detected from surgical specimens whereas oncology related specimens were showing diverse clones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 4th Industrial Zone, Banks Complex، 6th of October, Giza, Egypt. mai_zafer@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mai Mahmoud
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zafer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics and Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. elagamy71@yahoo.com.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. elagamy71@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohamed Hamed
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Al-Agamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. hadir38@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hadir Ahmed
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: El-Mahallawy
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of pharmacy, Cairo University, El Aini, As Sayedah Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt. magdy_biotek3@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Magdy Aly
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. seifashour@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Seif
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El Din Ashour
mesh_terms: D015780:Carbapenems; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology; D004534:Egypt; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015780:Carbapenems; C425108:beta-lactamase bla(vim-2); D001618:beta-Lactamases