title: Carious deciduous teeth are a potential source for dental pulp stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study are to isolate, cultivate, and characterize stem cells from the pulp of carious deciduous teeth (SCCD) and compare them to those retrieved from sound deciduous teeth (SHED--stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cells were obtained of dental pulp collected from sound (n = 10) and carious (n = 10) deciduous human teeth. Rate of isolation, proliferation assay (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days), STRO-1, mesenchymal (CD29, CD73, and CD90) and hematopoietic surface marker expression (CD14, CD34, CD45, HLA-DR), and differentiation capacity were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Isolation success rates were 70 and 80 % from the carious and sound groups, respectively. SCCD and SHED presented similar proliferation rate. There were no statistical differences between the groups for the tested surface markers. The cells from sound and carious deciduous teeth were positive for CD29, CD73, and CD90 and negative for CD14, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR and were capable of differentiating into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SCCD demonstrated a similar pattern of proliferation, immunophenotypical characteristics, and differentiation ability as those obtained from sound deciduous teeth. These SCCD represent a feasible source of stem cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decayed deciduous teeth have been usually discarded once the pulp tissue could be damaged and the activity of stem cells compromised. These findings show that stem cells from carious deciduous teeth can be applicable source for cell-based therapies in tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Stefanie Bressan
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Werle
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lindemann
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steffens
authors.affiliation: Department of Operatory Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávio Fernando
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Demarco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Borba
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: de Araujo
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.|Head of Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pranke
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. luciano.casagrande@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Casagrande
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020219:Chondrogenesis; D003731:Dental Caries; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D010012:Osteogenesis; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD
keywords: Caries; Deciduous tooth; Dental pulp stem cells; Differentiation; Proliferation