title: APOE gene polymorphism and risk of coronary stenosis in Pakistani population.
abstract: Genetic variation in lipid regulatory genes, particularly APOE, significantly influences the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to assess the association between APOE polymorphism and angiographically assessed coronary stenosis in Pakistani population. A total of 695 subjects (22.3% female, mean age = 54 ± 11 years) presenting with chest pain were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent. CAD stenosis/extent was assessed by angiography. Patients were classified as having severe stenosis (≥ 70%), moderate stenosis (30-69%), and mild stenosis (<30%). CAD patients with ≥ 70% stenosis (n = 491) were further categorized based on possessing one, two, or three vessel diseases to assess the disease extent. Genomic DNA from leukocytes was isolated with DNA purification kit (Qiagen) and APOE polymorphisms (E2/E3/E4) were determined using TaqMan assays. Six hundred and seventy-two of 695 subjects were successfully genotyped. The frequency of APOE∗4 carriers (3/4 and 4/4 genotypes) was significantly higher in severe stenosis group (≥ 70%) as compared to mild group (<30%) (22.8% versus 13.01%; P = 0.01). In multiple regression, the odds ratio for APOE∗4 carriers to develop ≥ 70% stenosis was 2.16 (95% CI: 1.29-3.79; P < 0.005). In conclusion, the presence of APOE∗4 allele is a significant risk factor to develop severe coronary stenosis (>70%) among Pakistanis.
authors.affiliation: Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences & Technology, H/12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Asma Naseer
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Cheema
authors.affiliation: Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences & Technology, H/12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Attya
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2781-5221
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Xingbin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8530-0760
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Jabar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Mikhil N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Bamne
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: F Yesim
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: M Ilyas
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kamboh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E