title: Characterization of one sheep border disease virus in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Border disease virus (BDV) causes border disease (BD) affecting mainly sheep and goats worldwide. BDV in goat herds suffering diarrhea was recently reported in China, however, infection in sheep was undetermined. Here, BDV infections of sheep herds in Jiangsu, China were screened; a BDV strain was isolated and identified from the sheep flocks in China. The genomic characteristics and pathogenesis of this new isolate were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2012, samples from 160 animals in 5 regions of Jiangsu province of China were screened for the presence of BDV genomic RNA and antibody by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. 44.4% of the sera were detected positively, and one slowly grown sheep was analyzed to be pestivirus RNA positive and antibody-negative. The sheep kept virus positive and antibody negative in the next 6 months of whole fattening period, and was defined as persistent infection (PI). The virus was isolated in MDBK cells without cytopathic effect (CPE) and named as JSLS12-01. Near-full-length genome sequenced was 12,227 nucleotides (nt). Phylogenetic analysis based on 5'-UTR and N(pro) fragments showed that the strain belonged to genotype 3, and shared varied homology with the other 3 BDV strains previously isolated from Chinese goats. The genome sequence of JSLS12-01 also had the highest homology with genotype BDV-3 (the strain Gifhorn). Experimental infections of sheep had mild clinical signs as depression and short-period mild fever (5 days). Viremia was detected in 1-7 days post-infection (dpi), and seroconversion began after 14 dpi.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reported the genomic and pathogenesis characterizations of one sheep BDV strain, which confirmed the occurrence of BDV infection in Chinese sheep. This sheep derived BDV strain was classified as BDV-3, together with the goat derived strains in China. These results might be helpful for further understanding of BDV infection in China and useful for prevention and control of BDV infections in the future.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-products, Nanjing, 210014, China. jeason0725@126.com.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China. jeason0725@126.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-products, Nanjing, 210014, China. 934519995@qq.com.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China. 934519995@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-products, Nanjing, 210014, China. kfliwenliang@163.com.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China. kfliwenliang@163.com.
authors.forename: Wenliang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-products, Nanjing, 210014, China. 89700244@qq.com.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China. 89700244@qq.com.
authors.forename: Leilei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-products, Nanjing, 210014, China. 987505468@qq.com.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China. 987505468@qq.com.
authors.forename: Wenwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-products, Nanjing, 210014, China. 1776556843@qq.com.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China. 1776556843@qq.com.
authors.forename: Jieyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001882:Border Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D018083:Border disease virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004285:Dogs; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D012756:Sheep; D014776:Virus Cultivation
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral