title: MicroRNA-184 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and specifically targets TNFAIP2 in Glioma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  miRNA-184 is an oncogene in human hepatocellular carcinoma but acts as a tumor suppressor in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Studies have shown that miR-184 was down-regulated in glioma and TNFα-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2) was closely related to tumorigenesis. This study aimed to determine the functions of miR-184 in glioma and the mechanisms of miRNA-184-TNFAIP2 mediated glioma progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Real-time reverse-transcription PCR detected expression of miR-184 and TNFAIP2. U87 and U251 cells were transfected with miR-184 mimic, inhibitor, or negative control miRNA, and their invasion abilities were assayed. Cellular proliferation was measured by the cell counting kit-8 assay. miR-184 effects on glioma cell apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by flow cytometer. Biological information software have predicted that miR-184 could target TNFα-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2), Which was further validated by Western blot and qRT-PCR in glioma cells. In vivo, U87 cells transduced with either lentiviral over-expressed miR-184 or control lentivirus were injected into nude mice subcutaneously and intracranial respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of miR-184 was significantly lower in glioma tissues and cell-lines compared to normal brain tissues. Protein and mRNA expression of TNFAIP2 were inversely correlated with miR-184 in glioma. In vitro, proliferation and invasion abilities were also decreased in U87 and U251 cells after transfection with miR-184 mimic. In vivo, the xenografted tumor size in the miR-184 overexpressing group were smaller than the miR-NC group. Concordantly, U87 and U251 cells transfected with miR-184 mimic had a higher apoptosis rate, triggering an accumulation of cells at the G0/G1 phase and decreased cells in S-phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  miR-184 could regulate TNFAIP2 expression and affected its translation in glioma. miR-184 could also inhibit glioma progression and might serve as a novel therapeutic target in glioma.
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. 794585335@qq.com.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. wanghangzhou@126.com.
authors.forename: Hang Zhou
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. 457984893@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xuetao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. 546395401@qq.com.
authors.forename: Zhiwu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. 974715506@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. 1352108468@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. cgl55555@163.com.
authors.forename: Guilin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. yueshunxie1015@163.com.
authors.forename: Xueshun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. johnhyl@163.com.
authors.forename: Yulun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. 1679096792@qq.com.
authors.forename: Ziwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, Peoples Republic of China. zhouyouxin@suda.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Youxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D034622:RNA Interference; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C534424:MIRN184 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; C085839:TNFAIP2 protein, human