title: Tetracarpidium conophorum (Mull.Arg) Hutch & Dalziel inhibits FeSO4-induced lipid peroxidation in rat's genitals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To search for new sources of safe and inexpensive antioxidant agents which can be used to treat various oxidative stress-related diseases, the phenolic contents of leaf of Tetracarpidium conophorum were characterized and its effect on pro-oxidant induced oxidative stress in rat's genitals for the first time was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aqueous extract of the plant was prepared, the antioxidant activities of the extract were then evaluated using spectrophotometric method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The result revealed that the introduction of aqueous extract of the plant caused significant concentration-dependent decrease (P < 0.05) in the MDA content of the Fe(2+)-stressed testes and penis homogenates. The least MDA production occurred at the highest concentration of the extract (0.625 mg/mL). However, characterization of the extract with HPLC revealed that its major constituents were gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, coumarin, rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol and luteolin. Also, the result revealed that the ABTS* scavenging ability of the extract was 4.60 mmol/100 g while its vitamin C content was 23.49 mg/g which indicated that the plant is very rich in vitamin C. Furthermore, the extract scavenged DPPH, NO, OH* radicals and chelated Fe(2+) in a dose-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inhibitory effect of Tetracarpidium conophorum leaves could be attributed to the high levels of quercitrin, quercetin and luteolin and the mechanism through which these compounds possibly do this, could be by their radical scavenging abilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Ekiti State University, P.M.B 5363, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. purposefulseun@yahoo.co.uk.|Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. purposefulseun@yahoo.co.uk.|Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. purposefulseun@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Seun F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Akomolafe
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. goboh2001@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ganiyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oboh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. aaakindahunsi@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Afolabi A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Akindahunsi
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. aafolayan@ufh.ac.za.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Afolayan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019665:Euphorbiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000378:metabolism*; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D058085:Iron Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D058085:Iron Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014815:Vitamins; D001205:Ascorbic Acid