title: Preclinical safety evaluation of low molecular weight heparin-deoxycholate conjugates as an oral anticoagulant.
abstract: The preclinical safety of a newly developed oral anticoagulant, the low molecular weight heparin-deoxycholate conjugate (OH09208), was evaluated by a comprehensive evaluating program in compliance with standard guidelines. The single dose oral toxicity study in rats receiving 2000 and 5000 mg kg(-1) of OH09208 did not reveal any mortality, unusual body weight changes or necropsy findings. The results of the 4-week oral toxicity study with a 4-week recovery program in rats receiving OH09208 in doses of 100, 300 and 1000 mg kg(-1) day(-1) did not reveal any mortality, or indicate any unusual clinical signs, or show any toxicokinetic relationships to the administration of OH09208. Although the increase in liver enzymes in one male dog treated with 300 mg kg(-1) day(-1) and one female dog treated with 1000 mg kg(-1) day(-1) could not be excluded from the effect of the test substance, no other toxicologically significant changes were observed in the 4-week oral toxicity study with a 4-week recovery in beagle dogs. Thus, while the no-observed-adverse-effect level value from the 4-week study in both male and female rats was 1000 mg kg(-1) day(-1), those from the 4-week study in male and female beagle dogs were 300 and 1000 mg kg(-1) day(-1), respectively. Furthermore, OH09208 did not induce anaphylactic reactions in guinea pigs, micronucleated bone marrow cells in male ICR mice, chromosomal aberration in Chinese hamster lung cell lines, bacterial reverse mutation, and any abnormalities in hERG current assay, mouse central nervous system and dog cardiovascular studies. Overall, there were no unexpected toxicities in this preclinical study that might have precluded the safe administration of OH09208 to humans.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ok-Cheol
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Tae
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Rim
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.|Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Youngro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Byun
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000633:toxicity*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid
keywords: anaphylaxis; genotoxicity; low molecular weight heparin; oral anticoagulant; preclinical; repeat-dose; single dose