title: Use of Rorschach tests at the Nuremberg war crimes trial: A forgotten chapter in history of medicine.
abstract: Seventy years ago, psychiatrists and psychologists had unusual access to the Nazi leaders awaiting trial by the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg. Early leaders in the field of psychosomatic medicine were instrumental in facilitating these interviews as well as arranging for the administration of psychological testing with the Rorschach inkblot test. These observations were kept under wraps for decades and there remains controversy even now about what these Rorschachs revealed-demonic psychopaths or just morally corrupt individuals.
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Diego, United States. Electronic address: jdimsdale@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Joel E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dimsdale
mesh_terms: D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000266:history* / Q000523:psychology; D003416:Criminal Law / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D057237:Criminals / Q000266:history* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology; D005060:Europe; D005858:Germany; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000266:history* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology; D028683:National Socialism / Q000266:history*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011573:Psychoanalytic Interpretation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012392:Rorschach Test / Q000266:history*; D014858:War Crimes / Q000266:history*; D047789:World War II
keywords: History of medicine; Rorschach tests; War criminals