title: Environmental and health impacts of February 14, 2014 radiation release from the nation's only deep geologic nuclear waste repository.
abstract: The environmental impact of the February 14, 2014 radiation release from the nation's only deep geologic nuclear waste repository, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) was assessed using monitoring data from an independent monitoring program conducted by the Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring & Research Center (CEMRC). After almost 15 years of safe and efficient operations, the WIPP had one of its waste drums rupture underground resulting in the release of moderate levels of radioactivity into the underground air. A small amount of radioactivity also escaped to the surface through the ventilation system and was detected above ground. It was the first unambiguous release from the WIPP repository. The dominant radionuclides released were americium and plutonium, in a ratio that matches the content of the breached drum. The accelerated air monitoring campaign, which began following the accident, indicates that releases were low and localized, and no radiation-related health effects among local workers or the public would be expected. The highest activity detected was 115.2 μBq/m(3) for (241)Am and 10.2 μBq/m(3) for (239+240)Pu at a sampling station located 91 m away from the underground air exhaust point and 81.4 μBq/m(3) of (241)Am and 5.8 μBq/m(3) of (239+240)Pu at a monitoring station located approximately one kilometer northwest of the WIPP facility. CEMRC's recent monitoring data show that the concentration levels of these radionuclides have returned to normal background levels and in many instances, are not even detectable, demonstrating no long-term environmental impacts of the recent radiation release event at the WIPP. This article presents an evaluation of almost one year of environmental monitoring data that informed the public that the levels of radiation that got out to the environment were very low and did not, and will not harm anyone or have any long-term environmental consequence. In terms of radiological risk at or in the vicinity of the WIPP site, the increased risk from the WIPP releases is exceedingly small, approaching zero.
authors.affiliation: Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring & Research Center, 1400 University Drive, Carlsbad, NM 88220, USA. Electronic address: pthakur@cemrc.org.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.affiliation: Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring & Research Center, 1400 University Drive, Carlsbad, NM 88220, USA.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Lemons
authors.affiliation: Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring & Research Center, 1400 University Drive, Carlsbad, NM 88220, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.affiliation: Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring & Research Center, 1400 University Drive, Carlsbad, NM 88220, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hardy
mesh_terms: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis; D000576:Americium / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D009516:New Mexico; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011005:Plutonium / Q000032:analysis; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D018788:Radioactive Hazard Release; D011850:Radioactive Waste / Q000032:analysis; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D011005:Plutonium; D000576:Americium
keywords: Americium; Plutonium; Radiation release; TRU waste; WIPP