title: Serum cytokines and muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament surgery are not modulated by high-doses of vitamins E (α- and γ-tocopherol's) and C.
abstract: The purpose of this investigation was to identify if supplemental vitamin E (consisting of α- and γ-tocopherol's) and C modulate serum cytokine and muscle strength following an ACL injury and surgery. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) placebo (n=14) or (2) vitamins E (α-[600m g RRR-α-tocopherol, αT] and γ-[600 mg of RRR-γT]) and C (1000 mg ascorbic acid, AA) (EC; n=15). Supplements were taken daily starting ∼2-wk prior to and concluding 16-wk after surgery. Fasting blood samples were obtained and single-leg peak isometric force measurements were performed at baseline (prior to supplementation), before surgery (∼120-min - blood draw only), and 8-wk, 12-wk, and 16-wk after surgery. αT, γT, AA, and cytokines were measured in each blood sample, and peak isometric force was measured on the injured and non-injured legs separately at each testing session. An exercise protocol consisting of repetitive knee and hip extension and flexion contractions to exhaustion was performed on the injured limb at 16-wk. Vitamin E and C supplementation significantly (all p<0.05) increased plasma αT (∼40%), γT (∼160%), and AA (∼50%) concentrations. Serum cytokine concentrations, peak isometric force, and time to exhaustion during the exercise protocol were not significantly different between groups. Based on these findings, we conclude that vitamin E and C supplementation increases their endogenous levels without minimizing muscular weakness or modulating serum cytokine concentrations after ACL surgery.
authors.affiliation: The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Murray, UT 84107, USA. Electronic address: tyler.barker@imail.org.
authors.forename: Tyler
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Murray, UT 84107, USA.
authors.forename: Vanessa T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Henriksen
authors.affiliation: The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Murray, UT 84107, USA.
authors.forename: Victoria E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Murray, UT 84107, USA; The Orthopedic Specialty Clinic, Murray, UT 84107 USA.
authors.forename: Roy H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Trawick
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects*; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Anterior cruciate ligament; Cytokines; Muscle strength; Vitamin C; Vitamin E