title: Association of HLA-B*41:02 with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (IgA Vasculitis) in Spanish individuals irrespective of the HLA-DRB1 status.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A study was conducted to determine whether the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B alleles are implicated in the susceptibility to Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) in the largest series of Caucasian HSP patients ever assessed for genetic studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population was composed of 349 Spanish patients diagnosed with HSP fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology and the Michel et al. classification criteria, and 335 sex and ethnically matched controls. HLA-B phenotypes were determined by sequencing-based typing (SBT) and analyzed by chi-square or Fisher exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant increase of HLA-B*41:02 allele in HSP patients when compared with controls was found (8.3% versus 1.5% respectively; P = 0.0001; OR (odds ratio) =5.76 [2.15-19.3]). These results remained statistically significant after adjusting for Bonferroni correction (P = 0.0028). An internal validation also confirmed the susceptibility effect on HSP associated with HLA-B*41:02 (OR = 5.70 [1.98-16.44]). Since a former study described an association between HLA-DRB1*01:03 and HSP susceptibility, we also evaluated the implication of HLA-B*41:02 independently of HLA-DRB1*01:03. Interestingly, the association remained statistically significant (P = 0.0004, OR = 4.97 [1.8-16.9]). No HLA-B association with specific HSP clinical features was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study indicates that HLA-B*41:02 is associated with the susceptibility to HSP in Spanish patients irrespective of HLA-DRB1 status.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. rlopezmejias78@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López-Mejías
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. fernandagenre@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Genre
authors.affiliation: Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain. belensev@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Belén Sevilla
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS-Princesa, Madrid, Spain. scastas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Santos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castañeda
authors.affiliation: Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain. nortego@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Norberto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ortego-Centeno
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Computational Biology Department, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. llorcaj@unican.es.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Llorca
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. b.ubilla.garcia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ubilla
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. sara.r.mtz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Remuzgo-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. necover23@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mijares
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. alicantrino@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Trinitario
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pina
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. fiorelfa@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Vanesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calvo-Río
authors.affiliation: Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN-CSIC) and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain. anamaort@ipb.csic.es.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Márquez
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain. jose.alberto.miranda.filloy@sergas.es.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Miranda-Filloy
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain. antonionavasparejo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Antonio Navas
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Parejo
authors.affiliation: Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain. marta.condejaldon@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conde-Jaldón
authors.affiliation: Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain. lortiz-ibis@us.es.
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, IIS-IP, Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain. dargilad@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Argila
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, IIS-IP, Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain. maragues@aedv.es.
authors.forename: Maximiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aragües
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain. cybereste@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain. manuelleonluque@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Manuel León
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Luque
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Basurto, Bilbao, Spain. juanmaria.blancomadrigal@osakidetza.net.
authors.forename: Juan María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Blanco-Madrigal
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Basurto, Bilbao, Spain. evagalindez@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galíndez-Aguirregoikoa
authors.affiliation: Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain. pacagonzalez@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: González Escribano
authors.affiliation: Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. jgocejo@humv.es.
authors.forename: J Gonzalo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ocejo-Vinyals
authors.affiliation: Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra, CSIC, Granada, Spain. martin@ipb.csic.es.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. rblanco@humv.es.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. miguelaggay@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: González-Gay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D011695:IgA Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015235:HLA-B Antigens; C543504:HLA-B*41 antigen; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains