title: Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) protein: Diagnostic utility in pediatric tumors.
abstract: Despite Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) protein was originally considered as a specific immunomarker of Wilms tumor, with the increasing use of immunohistochemistry, there is evidence that other tumors may share WT1 protein expression. This review focuses on the immunohistochemical profile of WT1 protein in the most common malignant tumors of children and adolescents. The variable expression and distribution patterns (nuclear vs cytoplasmic) in the different tumors, dependent on the antibodies used (anti-C or N-terminus WT1 protein), will be emphasized by providing explicative illustrations. Potential diagnostic pitfalls from unexpected WT1 protein expression in some tumors will be discussed in order to avoid diagnostic errors, especially when dealing with small biopsies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. Electronic address: lucia.salvatorelli@virgilio.it.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salvatorelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parenti
authors.affiliation: Anatomic Pathology, Hospital of Sondrio, Sondrio, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Musumeci
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vasquez
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D025721:WT1 Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D025721:WT1 Proteins; C583751:WT1 protein, human
keywords: Adolescents; Children; Review; Tumors; WT1