title: Maintenance of treatment effects of an occupation-based intervention with video feedback for adults with TBI.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Video feedback interventions have been found to improve self-awareness and occupational performance to a greater extent than other feedback interventions after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, it is unclear whether the effects of video feedback are maintained over time.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the maintenance of gains in self-awareness achieved with a video feedback intervention in people with TBI.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 32 participants with TBI and impaired self-awareness who had completed a randomized controlled trial with three feedback conditions (video plus verbal, verbal and experiential). Eight to ten weeks after the final feedback intervention session, a follow-up assessment was conducted. The primary outcome was maintenance of gains in online awareness measured by the number of errors made during a meal preparation task. Group outcomes were compared using an unstructured linear mixed regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The video plus verbal feedback group continued to demonstrate significantly greater gains in online awareness compared to the verbal feedback group (mean difference 20.6, 95% CI 8.8 to 32.3) and the experiential feedback group (mean difference 14.4, 95% CI 3.1 to 25.6). There was no significant impact of the interventions on participants' emotional status at the 8 to 10 week follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combination of video plus verbal feedback is an effective technique for achieving maintained gains in self-awareness in people with TBI.
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.|School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia.|Royal Rehabilitation Centre Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.|Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Hospital Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia.|Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Hospital Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.|Occupational Therapy Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ownsworth
authors.affiliation: Occupational Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.|Occupational Therapy Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.|John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Natasha A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Lannin
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D001364:Awareness; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012649:Self Concept; D014741:Video Recording
keywords: Cognition; feedback; neuropsychology; occupational therapy; rehabilitation; self-awareness; traumatic brain injury