title: Association of serum angiopoietin-like protein 2 with carotid intima-media thickness in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although recent animal studies have suggested that angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2), a novel inflammatory adipokine, is likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, in rodents, little is known regarding whether serum ANGPTL2 level is also associated with atherosclerosis in humans, especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum ANGPTL2 concentration is associated with atherosclerosis by measuring carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in subjects with type 2 diabetes without previous history of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, we examined the clinical and biochemical variables associated with serum ANGPLT2 concentration.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the circulating ANGPTL2 level in 166 subjects (92 men and 74 women; mean age of 60.0 years) with type 2 diabetes. Measurements of carotid IMT were performed in all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum ANGPTL2 concentration was positively correlated with carotid IMT (r = 0.220, p = 0.004). In multiple linear regression, serum ANGPTL2 concentration was independently associated with increased carotid IMT along with older age, male gender, and higher systolic blood pressure. Higher levels of hemoglobin A1c and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were significantly associated with elevated serum ANGPTL2 concentration in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum ANGPTL2 concentration was significantly and positively associated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that ANGPTL2 may be important in the atherosclerosis in humans.
authors.affiliation: Asan Diabetes Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. chjung0204@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chang Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Asan Diabetes Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. lwjatlas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Woo Je
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Asan Diabetes Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. neige0126@naver.com.
authors.forename: Min Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Asan Diabetes Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. californium84@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yu Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Asan Diabetes Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. venus724@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Jung Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Asan Diabetes Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jcim97@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Jaechan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leem
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute of Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. yoola@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Yoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: La Lee
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute of Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. ddomi-@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: So Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Seol
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute of Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. yoon7148@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hae Kyeong
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Asan Diabetes Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jypark@amc.seoul.kr.|Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Poongnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea. jypark@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Joong-Yeol
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000091302:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000097:blood*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C485792:ANGPTL2 protein, human; D000091302:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins; D015415:Biomarkers