title: Earthworms as agents for ecotoxicity in roxarsone-contaminated soil ecosystem: a modeling study of ultrastructure and proteomics.
abstract: Contamination of roxarsone has been recognized as a potential environmental hazard. In this study, Eisenia fetida samples were collected after roxarsone exposures to analyze their intestinal epithelium ultrastructure, expression levels of stress-related genes, and proteomics. Our results showed that mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in roxarsone-treated earthworms demonstrated variety of damages. Furthermore, 149 proteins were displayed in 2-DE, and 36 of them were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. Those identified proteins are involved in several important processes including cell immunity, cell stress responses, and cell genetic behaviors. Our study demonstrates the toxicity responses of earthworms toward arsenic-based animal drug roxarsone with practical usefulness and demonstrates a proteomic profile change that may be critical for the roxarsone stress survival mechanisms of E. fetida. Graphical Abstract Inspiration of this referred to the form of Fig. 4 in the article "Proteomic analysis of a high aluminum tolerant yeast Rhodotorula taiwanensis RS1 in response to aluminum stress" of Chao, W et al.
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ruizi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xueyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Wenguang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Wenfei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Shangji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Yongxue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D012406:Roxarsone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012406:Roxarsone