title: The lifetime cost to English students of borrowing to invest in a medical degree: a gender comparison using data from the Office for National Statistics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate this impact on male and female English medical graduates by estimating the total time and amount repaid on loans taken out with the UK's Student Loans Company (SLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  4286 respondents with a medical degree in the Labour Force Surveys administered by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) between 1997 and 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age-salary profiles were generated to estimate the repayment profiles for different levels of initial graduate debt.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2195 female and 2149 male medical graduates were interviewed by the ONS. Those working full-time (73.1% females and 96.1% males) were analysed in greater depth. Following standardisation to 2014 prices, average full-time male graduates earned up to 35% more than females by the age of 55. The initial graduate debt from tuition fees alone amounts to £39,945.69. Owing to interest charges on this debt the average full-time male graduate repays £57,303 over 20 years, while the average female earns less and so repays £61,809 over 26 years. When additional SLC loans are required for maintenance, the initial graduate debt can be as high as £81,916 and, as SLC debt is written off 30 years after graduation, the average female repays £75,786 while the average male repays £110,644.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Medical graduates on an average salary are unlikely to repay their SLC debt in full. This is a consequence of higher university fees and as SLC debt is written off 30 years after graduation. This results in the average female graduate repaying more when debt is low, but a lower amount when debt is high compared to male graduates.
authors.affiliation: Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Marco G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ercolani
authors.affiliation: Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Ravinder S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Vohra
authors.affiliation: Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carmichael
authors.affiliation: The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Karanjit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mangat
authors.affiliation: Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004500:Education, Graduate / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012456:Salaries and Fringe Benefits; D012577:Schools, Medical / Q000191:economics*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013337:Students, Medical; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014495:Universities / Q000191:economics*
keywords: JOURNALISM (see Medical Journalism); MEDICAL EDUCATION & TRAINING