title: Effects of a Clown-Nurse Educational Intervention on the Reduction of Postoperative Anxiety and Pain Among Preschool Children and Their Accompanying Parents in South Korea.
abstract: This study examined the effects of a clown-nurse educational intervention on children undergoing day surgery for strabismus. This was a quasi-experimental study, using a nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design. Fifty preschool children and their parents were invited to participate. The children in the intervention group (n=23) received clown therapy and subsequently reported significantly lower states of physiological anxiety, which was evidenced by systolic blood pressure, standardized behavioral anxiety tests, and post-surgery pain, than the control group (n=27). In addition, the parents in the experimental group showed a low state of physiological anxiety, evidenced by systolic blood pressure, pulse rates, standardized behavioral anxiety tests, and state-trait anxiety. The use of preoperative clown intervention may alleviate postoperative problems, not only for children, but also for their parents.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nursing Science, College of Health Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: O Bok
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea. Electronic address: ksj@hallym.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Shin-Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Nursing Science, College of Health Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dukyoo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000451:nursing* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004506:Education, Nursing / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000072222:Nurses, Pediatric / Q000193:education*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013285:Strabismus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D014925:Wit and Humor as Topic / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Children; Day surgery; Nursing; Preschool; Strabismus