title: Characterization of energy and performance of swine fed a novel corn-soybean extruded product.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A novel extruded product was characterized with a metabolism and lactation trial to establish the product's energy content, and its effects on lactating sow performance. The product was composed of a 60:40 corn-soybean blend, which was then extruded. This product containing the co-extruded 60:40 corn-soybean blend was commercially developed and is used extensively in swine diets in southwest Minnesota. GE of dietary treatments were determined by isoperibol bomb calorimetry. Twelve barrows (59.9 ± 1.4 kg), were used to determine the digestible and metabolizable energy of the extruded product. DE of treatments was determined by subtracting fecal energy from GE provided to barrows by each respective treatment. ME was determined by subtracting urinary energy from calculated digestible energy. Sixty-three sows were used for the lactation trial. Three dietary treatments were utilized: CONTROL (an industry standard diet); PRODUCT (contained the product, vitamins and minerals); OIL (matched the lysine:ME ratio of PRODUCT by addition of soy oil). Sow weight, backfat thickness at the right and left last ribs, body condition score, number of piglets, and litter weights were recorded on the date of farrowing (d 0), (d 9), and at weaning. Blood and milk samples were obtained at weaning, and blood was analyzed for plasma urea nitrogen (PUN), milk was analyzed for total protein and fat content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On a dry-matter basis, the test diet provided 3,908 kcal/kg DE and 3,833 kcal/kg ME, which was significantly greater than the basal diet, which provided 3,633 kcal/kg DE and 3,567 kcal/kg ME (P < 0.0001). These data were used to establish the DE and ME of the product, which were 3,882 kcal/kg and 3,798 kcal/kg, respectively, on an as-fed basis. No effect of diet was observed for changes in sow backfat (RBF P = 0.24; LBF P = 0.07) or body condition score (P = 0.12) during lactation. Milk total protein (P = 0.69), fat (P = 0.66), PUN, average piglet gain (P = 0.55) and piglet mortality (P = 0.70) did not differ between treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the novel extruded product was higher in energy content than traditional feedstuffs, it resulted in the same lactational sow performance. Thus, the co-extruded corn-soybean product is a reasonable inclusion in sow lactation diets.
authors.affiliation: South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Thaler
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota Southern Research and Outreach Center, Waseca, MN 56093 USA.
authors.forename: Sam K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Baidoo
authors.affiliation: South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
authors.forename: Crystal L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Levesque
authors.affiliation: South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bott
keywords: Corn; Extruded; Lactation; ME; Soybean; Swine