title: Paclitaxel and etoposide co-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the effective combination therapy against human osteosarcoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with different pharmacological action has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of cancers. Present study examines the antitumor potential of paclitaxel (PTX) and etoposide (ETP)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The resulting drug-loaded PLGA NP exhibited a nanosize dimension with uniform spherical morphology. The NP exhibited a sustained release profile for both PTX and ETP throughout the study period without any sign of initial burst release. The combinational drug-loaded PLGA NP enhanced the cytotoxic effect in MG63 and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cell lines, in comparison to either native drug alone or in cocktail combinations. Additionally, NPs showed an appreciable uptake in MG63 cells in a time-based manner. Co-delivery of anticancer drugs resulted in enhanced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The results clearly showed that combinational drugs remarkably improved the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. The greater inhibitory effect of nanoparticle combination would be of great advantage during systemic cancer therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, our study demonstrated that PTX-ETP/PLGA NP based combination therapy holds significant potential towards the treatment of osteosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopeadic, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, No. 25 Shifan Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China. wangbin3150@126.com.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopeadic, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, No. 25 Shifan Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China. yuxiuchun7893@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiu-Chun
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopeadic, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, No. 25 Shifan Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China. xusf842@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Song-Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopeadic, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, No. 25 Shifan Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China. xuming2501@tom.com.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005047:Etoposide; D017239:Paclitaxel