title: Cardiovascular screening in asymptomatic adolescents with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent days, the prevalence of childhood metabolic syndrome (MS) has increased substantially due to the increasing rate of childhood obesity on a global scale. The aims of this study were to detect the important parameters and provide the screening system to prevent cardiovascular disease in adolescents with MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety one male adolescents were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of MS. Anthropometric measurement and laboratory study were studied. Intimal medial thickness and pulse wave velocity were estimated. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI), ejection fraction, myocardial velocity, strain and strain rate were measured by tissue Doppler imaging and strain rate imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MS was 7.7%. Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, triglyceride and LVMI were significantly increased in the MS group. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), peak early diastolic myocardial velocity (e'), systolic myocardial velocity (s') and global longitudinal strain were significantly lower in the MS group. In univariant analysis, LVMI was significantly correlated with BMI, WC, fat %, fat mass, systolic blood pressure, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol. e' was significantly correlated with BMI, fat %, fat mass, and HDL-C. Global circumferential strain had significant correlation with glucose and TC. Basal anterolateral strain rate was significantly correlated with weight, BMI, WC, fat %, and fat mass.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LVMI, strain and strain rate are practical and accurate parameters for assessment of left ventricular function in adolescents with MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Han Seul
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sejung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Hong
keywords: Adolescent; Metabolic syndrome; Strain rate; Tissue Doppler imaging