title: Preparation and evaluation of surface-bonded tricationic ionic liquid silica as stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: Two tricationic ionic liquids were prepared and then bonded onto the surface of supporting silica materials through "thiol-ene" click chemistry as new stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography. The obtained columns of tricationic ionic liquids were evaluated respectively in the reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) mode and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode, and possess ideal column efficiency of 80,000 plates/m in the RPLC mode with naphthalene as the test solute. The tricationic ionic liquid stationary phases exhibit good hydrophobic and shape selectivity to hydrophobic compounds, and RPLC retention behavior with multiple interactions. In the HILIC mode, the retention and selectivity were evaluated through the efficient separation of nucleosides and bases as well as flavonoids, and the typical HILIC retention behavior was demonstrated by investigating retention changes of hydrophilic solutes with water volume fraction in mobile phase. The results show that the tricationic ionic liquid columns possess great prospect for applications in analysis of hydrophobic and hydrophilic samples.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Lizhen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: shixianzhe@dicp.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xianzhe
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: xugw@dicp.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Guowang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation*; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase / Q000295:instrumentation; D057930:Click Chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D009705:Nucleosides; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014867:Water; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: Reversed-phase liquid chromatography, Hydrophilic interaction chromatography; Tricationic ionic liquid, Stationary phase