title: Evaluating the implementation of the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine supplementary dose program in Australian primary health care settings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The availability of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines covering a broader range of serotypes, has seen many countries introduce these into their national immunisation program. When transitioning from 7-valent to 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, Australia is one of a small number of countries that included a supplementary dose of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to offer protection against additional serotypes to an expanded age group of children. An evaluation of the implementation and uptake of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine supplementary dose was undertaken in two local health districts (LHDs) in New South Wales, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A self-administered postal survey of immunisation providers in the Northern New South Wales and Mid North Coast LHDs. Trends in vaccine ordering were examined. Coverage was assessed using data from the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 177 surveys sent, 125 were returned (70%). Almost all providers (96%) were aware of the 13vPCV supplementary dose program though took an opportunistic approach to program promotion and parental reminders. Supplementary doses of 13vPCV were ordered for 37% of the eligible cohort, mostly in the program's first six months. Coverage as recorded on the ACIR was 27%, though was lower in older children and those not due for scheduled childhood vaccines. Of the children who received the 13vPCV supplementary dose, 3% received it at the same time as vaccines due at 12-months of age, and 44% at the time of those due at 18-months of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the high awareness of the program, reported coverage was lower than that for other PCV supplementary dose programs in Australia and internationally. This may be influenced by providers' largely opportunistic approach to implementation, under-reporting to the ACIR or vaccine uptake. Lessons learned from this evaluation are relevant for future time-limited childhood vaccination programs. Prior to commencement, providers should be informed about the importance of catch-up/supplementary vaccination for their patients and their active role in promoting this. They should also receive program information before parents. An understanding of parental reasons for non-receipt of time-limited childhood vaccines and evaluation of the effect of aligning supplementary (or catch up) vaccination programs with the NIP schedule would be useful to inform future programs.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. kirsten.ward@me.com.
authors.forename: Kirsten F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: North Coast Public Health Unit, 31 Uralba Street, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia. marianne.trent@ncahs.health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trent
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. brynley.hull@health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Brynley P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. helen.quinn@health.nsw.gov.au.|Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. helen.quinn@health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Helen E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. aditi.dey@health.nsw.gov.au.|Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. aditi.dey@health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Aditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. robert.menzies@health.nsw.gov.au.|Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. robert.menzies@health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Robert I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Menzies
mesh_terms: D001071:Appointments and Schedules; D001315:Australia; D001364:Awareness; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales; D010290:Parents; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: C538862:13-valent pneumococcal vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate