title: Dynamic distribution of the gut microbiota and the relationship with apparent crude fiber digestibility and growth stages in pigs.
abstract: The gut microbiota plays an important role in nutrient digestibility in animals. To examine changes in the pig gut microbiota across growth stages and its effects on nutrient digestion, the gut microbiota population in pigs at 28 days (before weaning), and 60, 90, and 150 days of age was assessed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The apparent digestibility of crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) was also assessed in these pigs. A total of 19,875 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified from all samples. Both bacterial abundance and diversity increased with age. A total of 22 phyla and 249 genera were identified from all fecal samples; Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most dominant phyla in all samples. With increasing age, the proportion of TM7 and Tenericutes increased, whereas the proportion of Lentisphaerae and Synergistetes decreased. The abundance of 36 genera varied with age, and the apparent digestibility of CF increased with age. Three phyla, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and TM7, and 11 genera, including Anaeroplasma, Campylobacter, and Clostridium, were correlated with apparent CF digestibility.
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Pinghua
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Shuaishuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Yeqiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sung Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Huizhi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Lichun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: WangJun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Sutai Pig Breeding Center, Suzhou, 215000, China.
authors.forename: Xuegen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Sutai Pig Breeding Center, Suzhou, 215000, China.
authors.forename: Jindi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China [2] Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, 223005, China.
authors.forename: Ruihua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria; D044822:Biodiversity; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004063:Digestion; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D048788:Growth and Development; D054892:Metagenome; D013552:Swine