title: Respiratory motion artefacts in dynamic liver MRI: a comparison using gadoxetate disodium and gadobutrol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to retrospectively evaluate the occurrence of respiratory motion artefacts in patients undergoing dynamic liver magnetic resonance (MR) either with gadoxetate disodium or gadobutrol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and thirty liver MR studies (115 with gadobutrol, 115 with gadoxetate disodium) were analysed. Respiratory motion artefacts on dynamic 3D T1-weighted MR images (pre-contrast, arterial, venous, and late-dynamic phase) were assessed using a five-point rating scale. Severe motion was defined as a score ≥ 4. Mean motion scores were compared with the Mann-Whitney-U-test. The chi-squared-test was used for dichotomous comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean motion scores for gadoxetate disodium and gadobutrol showed no relevant differences for each phase of the dynamic contrast series (pre-contrast: 1.85 ± 0.70 vs. 1.88 ± 0.57, arterial: 1.85 ± 0.81 vs. 1.87 ± 0.74, venous: 1.82 ± 0.67 vs. 1.74 ± 0.64, late-dynamic: 1.75 ± 0.62 vs. 1.79 ± 0.63; p = 0.469, 0.557, 0.382 and 0.843, respectively). Severe motion artefacts had a similar incidence using gadoxetate disodium and gadobutrol (11/460 [2.4%] vs. 7/460 [1.5%]; p = 0.341).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gadoxetate disodium is associated with equivalent motion scores compared to gadobutrol in dynamic liver MRI. In addition, both contrast agents demonstrated a comparable and acceptable rate of severe respiratory motion artefacts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Gadobutrol and gadoxetate disodium showed comparable motion scores in dynamic phase imaging. • The incidence of severe motion artefacts was pronounced in arterial phase imaging. • Adverse respiratory side effects were not recorded in 115 examinations with gadoxetate disodium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Julian A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Luetkens
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Patrick A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kupczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doerner
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fimmers
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Winfried A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Willinek
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Schild
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany. Guido.Kukuk@ukb.uni-bonn.de.
authors.forename: Guido M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kukuk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001158:Arteries; D016477:Artifacts; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009038:Motion; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D012119:Respiration; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; C090600:gadobutrol; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: Gadobutrol; Gadoxetate Disodium; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Motion Artefacts