title: Latent growth curve analyses of emotional support for informal caregivers of vulnerable persons with HIV/AIDS.
abstract: People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) have growing rates of morbidity and need for informal care, especially among drug-using PLHIV. Informal caregivers, or persons providing unpaid emotional or instrumental support, have protective effects on the health and well-being of PLHIV. Research suggests that social support, including care recipients' reciprocity of emotional support, is important to sustained caregiving. This study examined HIV caregivers' perceived emotional support over time from their current or former injection drug-using care recipients. Data were from baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up of the BEACON study. Latent growth curve analysis showed a decline in reciprocated emotional support reports over time, particularly among caregivers themselves HIV seropositive or currently substance using. Researchers should develop interventions to strengthen the caregiving relationship by promoting reciprocity of emotional support, with implications for sustaining caregiving to vulnerable PLHIV and improving their health outcomes. Interventions should especially target dyads in which caregivers are also HIV positive or using substances.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health, Behavior and Society , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Mary M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health, Behavior and Society , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Allysha C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health, Behavior and Society , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Trang Q
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Health, Behavior and Society , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Amy R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Knowlton
mesh_terms: D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008913:Minority Groups; D005791:Patient Care; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D035862:Vulnerable Populations
keywords: HIV/AIDS; emotional support; informal caregivers; reciprocity; substance use