title: Iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia in paediatric patients.
abstract: METHODS
  Iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia in childhood is rare, with only scanty case reports available in the literature. It is a potentially life-threatening condition resulting in intestinal obstruction and bowel strangulation. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed four patients with iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia following right hepatic trisectionectomy with caudate lobectomy and liver transplantation in a tertiary referral centre. The patient characteristics, clinical presentation and risk factors were assessed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia should be considered in differential diagnosis in paediatric patients presenting with intestinal obstruction or respiratory distress after hepatic resection or liver transplantation for early diagnosis and management.
authors.affiliation: Division of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: Patrick Ho Yu
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Kenneth Kak Yuen
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Paul Kwong Hang
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Tam
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D007223:Infant; D008099:Liver / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed