title: Profiling psychotropic discharge medication from a children's psychiatric ward.
abstract: Background Community prescribing of medication to treat psychiatric illness in children is increasing. However, details about medication prescribed at discharge from psychiatric inpatient services for children are scarce. Objectives Characterise the nature of psychotropic medication prescribed on discharge from a children's psychiatric ward over a 15-year period. Method Retrospective analysis of discharge summary letters of all discharges occurring between Jan 1997 to Dec 2012. Results 234 children (152 males and 82 females) were discharged with 117 (50%) prescribed psychotropic medication at discharge. 133 medicines were prescribed (stimulants n = 49, antipsychotics n = 31, antidepressants n = 22, mood stabilisers n = 1, other ADHD medication n = 11, melatonin n = 10, benzodiazepines n = 7, other n = 2). Risperidone was the most popular antipsychotic at a mean daily dose of 1 mg (range 0.25-4 mg). Fifty per cent were given an unlicensed medicine or a licensed drug was used in an unlicensed manner, of which risperidone was the most common (n = 14). Sleep disturbance and tics were most often treated using unlicensed/off label medication (n = 10). Conclusion Psychotropic medication is routinely used in inpatient children's services, with the majority of use confined to stimulants and atypical antipsychotics. Much of the antipsychotic use is for unlicensed indications or at unlicensed doses.
authors.affiliation: Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK. gazala.akram@strath.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Gazala
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akram
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D056687:Off-Label Use / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011567:Psychiatric Department, Hospital; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012606:Scotland
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs
keywords: Antipsychotics; Child psychiatry; Psychotropic medication; United Kingdom; Unlicensed indications