title: Effect of cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta), unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) or their combination on glycated hemoglobin, lipogenic enzymes, and lipid metabolism of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The possibility of combining unripe plantain [Musa paradisiacae Linn (Plantaginaceae)] and cocoyam [Colocassia esculenta Linn (Araceae)] in the management of diabetes has not been investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic actions of unripe plantain and cocoyam.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg body weight). Twelve days after STZ induction, respective groups of diabetic rats were fed cocoyam (810 g/kg), unripe plantain (810 g/kg), and unripe plantain + cocoyam (405:405 g/kg) for 28 d. Body weights, feed intake, biochemical parameters, namely serum glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), atherogenic index, coronary risk index, triacylglycerol, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), hepatic isocitrate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase of the rats and phytochemical composition of the test and standard rat feeds were measured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cocoyam or unripe plantain alone significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated the body weights (18.89 and 19.95% decreases, respectively) and biochemical parameters as compared with those of STZ controls (31.21% decrease). While combination of cocoyam and unripe plantain significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated the biochemical parameters of the rats (except HbA1C), it did not ameliorate their body weights (28.53% decrease). The feed intake of the experimental rats did not differ from each other (p > 0.05) at the end of experimentation and the feed samples contained considerable amounts of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cocoyam or unripe plantain alone showed better antihyperglycemic and anihyperlipidemic action than their combination.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry , National Root Crops Research Institute , Umudike , Nigeria .
authors.forename: Chinedum Ogbonnaya
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Eleazu
authors.affiliation: b Abia State Specialist and Diagnostic Center , Umuahia , Nigeria , and.
authors.forename: Kate Chinedum
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Eleazu
authors.affiliation: c Abia State Polytechnic , Aba , Abia State , Nigeria.
authors.forename: Mercy Amarachi
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Iroaganachi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D031060:Colocasia / Q000737:chemistry*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005638:Fruit; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; D008055:Lipids; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013311:Streptozocin
keywords: Diabetic complications; incorporated feeds; lipid profile; phytochemicals