title: Examining the Preferred Self-Controlled KR Schedules of Learners and Peers During Motor Skill Learning.
abstract: In many practical situations, learners are provided with feedback in the form of knowledge of results (KR) by a peer. However, when peers provide KR is currently unknown. When given the opportunity to request KR in a self-controlled manner, some participants have reported a preference for requesting KR after good performances. Alternatively, peers may provide KR in a different fashion. Subsequently, a discrepancy between the learner's desire to receive KR and when a peer provides KR may arise. In our study, peer- and self-controlled KR schedules were compared. Participants were peers who controlled KR (PC; 8), learners with peers (P-L; 8), or learners with self-control (SC; 8). Participants in the two learning groups (P-L and SC groups) completed a serial-timing task with a goal time of 2500 ms. Absolute error data on KR and no-KR trials along with self-reports indicate that participants with self-control preferred KR after good trials and peers preferred to provide KR after both good and bad trials equally. Results from the delayed retention test indicated that peer-controlled learners were more consistent (i.e., in terms of variable error) than the self-control group.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, Brock University , St Catharines , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McRae
authors.forename: Jae Todd
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007721:Knowledge of Results, Psychological; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D010379:Peer Group; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D057566:Self Report; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: feedback; instructions; knowledge of results; motor learning