title: Artificial Endometrial Preparation for Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer with or without Pretreatment with Depot Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Agonist in Women with Regular Menses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the reproductive outcome of artificial endometrial preparation with exogenous steroids for frozen-thawed embryo transfer with and without pre-treatment with depot gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) in women with regular menses.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective randomized clinical trial conducted in two ART centers on 176 women undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer. All patients received oral estradiol valerate 4 mg daily from day 2 to day 5 and 6 mg per day from day 6 to the day of the pregnancy test. In day 13 of cycle, an ultrasound examination was performed. After ultrasound confirmation of endometrial thickness (≥8 mm) and no ovarian activity, progesterone in cyclogest supp (800 mg daily) was added. The dose of estradiol would be increased to 8 mg per day if the endometrial thickness was less than 8mm. Two or 3 embryos were transferred via transcervical route 48 hours after the beginning of progesterone administration. In group A (93 patients), Difereline (3.75 mg Im), as a depot GnRH agonist was administered in the midluteal phase (day 21) of previous cycle. In the other group B (n = 83) steroid supplementation was commenced without prior pituitary suppression. Chemical and clinical pregnancy rates were compared in two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were seen between two groups in terms of chemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings support the artificial protocol without any pretreatment suppressive drugs to reduce the adverse side effects of GnRH agonists also to minimize the costs.
authors.affiliation: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Azimi Nekoo
authors.affiliation: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chamani
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ensieh
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shahrokh Tehrani
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Batool
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hossein Rashidi
authors.affiliation: Women's hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Davari Tanha
authors.affiliation: St Maarten School of Medicine, American University of Integrative Sciences, Cole Bay, St. Maarten.
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kalantari
keywords: frozen-thawed embryo transfer; GnRH agonist; artificial cycle; endometrial preparation; pregnancy outcome