title: Non-word repetition in 2-year-olds: Replication of an adapted paradigm and a useful methodological extension.
abstract: Accurate non-word repetition (NWR) has been largely attributed to phonological memory, although the task involves other processes including speech production, which may confound results in toddlers with developing speech production abilities. This study is based on Hoff, Core and Bridges' adapted NWR task, which includes a real-word repetition (RWR) condition. We tested 86 typically developing 2-year-olds and found relationships between NWR and both receptive and expressive vocabulary using a novel measure that controls for speech production by comparing contextually matched targets in RWR. Post hoc analyses demonstrated the influence of lexical and sublexical factors in repetition tasks. Overall, results illustrate the importance of controlling for speech production differences in young children and support a useful methodological approach for testing NWR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Rockhurst University .
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torrington Eaton
authors.forename: Rochelle S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Nan Bernstein
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Ratner
authors.forename: Meredith L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rowe
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007100:Imitative Behavior; D007804:Language Development; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D010700:Phonetics; D012660:Semantics; D013067:Speech Perception; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014706:Verbal Learning; D014825:Vocabulary
keywords: Articulation; analysis methods; phonological working memory; typically developing; young children