title: Controlling oxygen release from hollow microparticles for prolonged cell survival under hypoxic environment.
abstract: The survival of cells in the 3D scaffold until the ingrowth of blood vessels is one of the most important challenges in tissue engineering for producing a clinically relevant volume of tissue. In this study, perfluorooctane emulsion (oxygen carrier)-loaded hollow microparticles (PFO-HPs) were prepared as a scaffolding system which can allow timely release of oxygen to cells adhered on the HPs to prevent cell necrosis in a hypoxic environment (inherently created in tissue engineered 3D constructs) until new blood vessels are formed in the 3D cell construct, and thus may produce appropriate tissues/organs with a clinically relevant volume. In the in vitro cell culture and the in vivo animal study, it was observed that the cells initially seeded on the PFO-HPs remained alive for approximately 10 days in a hypoxic environment (in vitro), and the cells were also found throughout the implanted whole matrix without a necrotic center until the infiltration of blood vessels (at 14 days after implantation; in vivo), probably due to the sufficient release of oxygen from the PFO-HPs for an adequate time period. Based on these results, the cell-based PFO-HPs can be a promising system to produce a clinically applicable large tissue mass.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN) and Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN) and Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: seheangoh@dankook.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Se Heang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002470:Cell Survival; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008863:Microspheres; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Hollow microparticle; Oxygen release; Perfluorocarbon; Scaffold; Tissue engineering