title: Gluteal compartment syndrome following drug-induced immobilization: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gluteal compartment syndrome is a very rare condition characterized by non-specific symptoms that often lead to misdiagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of gluteal compartment syndrome in a 38 year-old Caucasian male (intravenous drug user) following prolonged immobilization due to loss of consciousness. The delay in the appropriate diagnosis and treatment led to a temporary acute kidney injury and to irreversible sciatic nerve palsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Delay in the definitive diagnosis and treatment of gluteal compartment syndrome, may lead to higher morbidity of the affected extremity and in rare cases even patient mortality. Special emphasis is given to the aetiology, symptomatology, differential diagnosis as well as the treatment of this condition.
authors.affiliation: University of Leicester Medical School, Maurice Shock Building PO Box 138 University Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK. acpanagi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Andreas Christos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Panagiotopoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, General University Hospital of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece. iovrachnis@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vrachnis
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, General University Hospital of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece. pkran@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Pantelis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kraniotis
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, General University Hospital of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece. mtyllianakis@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Minos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tyllianakis
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020426:Sciatic Neuropathy / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D014474:Unconsciousness / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology