title: Killing the hypnozoite--drug discovery approaches to prevent relapse in Plasmodium vivax.
abstract: The eradication of malaria will only be possible if effective, well-tolerated medicines kill hypnozoites in vivax and ovale malaria, and thus prevent relapses in patients. Despite progress in the 8-aminoquinoline series, with tafenoquine in Phase III showing clear benefits over primaquine, the drug discovery challenge to identify hypnozoiticidal or hypnozoite-activating compounds has been hampered by the dearth of biological tools and assays, which in turn has been limited by the immense scientific and logistical challenges associated with accessing relevant human tissue and sporozoites. This review summarises the existing drug discovery series and approaches concerning the goal to block relapse.
authors.forename: Brice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Campo
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vandal
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wesche
authors.forename: Jeremy N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Burrows
mesh_terms: D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000517:prevention & control; D060740:Disease Eradication / Q000639:trends*; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012008:Recurrence; D034101:Sporozoites / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000962:Antimalarials; C055852:tafenoquine; C080436:8-aminoquinoline
keywords: Drug discovery assays; Hypnozoite,; Plasmodium vivax,; Radical cure,; Strategy,