title: Migrated phthalate levels into edible oils.
abstract: The determination of phthalates in edible oils (virgin olive oil, olive oil, canola oil, hazelnut oil, sunflower oil, corn oil) sold in Turkish markets was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mean phthalate concentrations were between 0.102 and 3.863 mg L(-1) in virgin olive oil; 0.172 and 6.486 mg L(-1) in olive oil; 0.501 and 3.651 mg L(-1) in hazelnut oil; 0.457 and 3.415 mg L(-1) in canola oil; 2.227 and 6.673 mg L(-1) in sunflower oil; and 1.585 and 6.248 mg L(-1) in corn oil. Furthermore, the influence of the types of oil and container to the phthalate migration was investigated. The highest phthalate levels were measured in sunflower oil. The lowest phthalate levels were determined in virgin olive oil and hazelnut oil. The highest phthalate levels were determined in oil samples contained in polyethylene terephthalate.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemistry , Mustafa Kemal University , Hatay , Turkey.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sungur
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okur
authors.forename: Faruk Hilmi
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Turgut
authors.forename: Ihsan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ustun
authors.forename: Cumali
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gokce
mesh_terms: D003314:Corn Oil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics; D031211:Corylus / Q000737:chemistry; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics; D005506:Food Contamination; D005513:Food Inspection; D018857:Food Packaging; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D009754:Nuts / Q000737:chemistry; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000191:economics; D010968:Plasticizers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D018570:Risk Assessment; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D010938:Plant Oils; D010968:Plasticizers; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D003314:Corn Oil
keywords: GC-MS; Turkey; edible oil; migration; phthalates