title: Molecular evolution of the Slc15 family and its response to waterborne copper and mercury exposure in tilapia.
abstract: The solute carrier 15 family (Slc15), also called oligopeptide transporter family (Pept), was well-known for its role in the cellular uptake of di/tripeptides and peptide-like molecules. Our understanding of Slc15 family has already been enlarged since the rapid increasing of genome information; however, efforts are still expected to reveal the diversification of the family in an evolutionary manner. In the study, the sequence information were collected and analyzed through eleven eukaryotic organism representatives, especially in fish species. Gene expansion was observed through the evolution of the family. Further study was carried out with the representative species-Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Tissue expression profiles were compared among members of the Slc15 family. Generally, they were all highly expressed both in the intestine and stomach, however, different members possessed its special tissue expression pattern. The mRNA levels of all the members (except Slc15a4) decreased after fasting while refeeding could restore the expression level. The recovery ability was impaired after exposure to environmental relevant concentration of copper (Cu(2+), 160 nmol/L). By contrast, mercury (Hg(2+), 25 nmol/L) did not exert significant impact on the recovery ability.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador; Proyecto Prometeo - Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT), Quito, Ecuador. Electronic address: qshuang@iue.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Qiansheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Juan Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vera Delgado
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Oscar David
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Seni Pinoargote
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Ricardo Avellán
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Llaguno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023681:Cichlids / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008628:Mercury / Q000633:toxicity*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper; D008628:Mercury
keywords: Copper; Molecular evolution; Oreochromis niloticus; Solute carrier 15 family; Tissue expression; fasting