title: Validation of the Intermountain patient perception of quality (PPQ) survey among survivors of an intensive care unit admission: a retrospective validation study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients' perceptions of the quality of their hospitalization have become important to the American healthcare system. Standard surveys of perceived quality of healthcare do not focus on the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) portion of the stay. Our objective was to evaluate the construct validity and internal consistency of the Intermountain Patient Perception of Quality (PPQ) survey among patients discharged from the ICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed prospectively collected results from the ICU PPQ survey of all inpatients at Intermountain Medical Center whose hospitalization included an ICU stay. We employed principal components analysis to determine the constructs present in the PPQ survey, and Cronbach's alpha to evaluate the internal consistency (reliability) of the items representing each construct.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 5,680 patients who had completed the PPQ survey. There were three basic domains measured: nursing care, physician care, and overall perception of quality. Most of the variability was explained with the first two principal components. Constructs did not vary by type of respondent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Intermountain ICU PPQ survey demonstrated excellent construct validity across three distinct constructs. This, in addition to its previously established content validity, suggests the utility of the PPQ survey as an assay of the perceived quality of the ICU experience.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. samuel.brown@imail.org.|Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 26 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. samuel.brown@imail.org.|Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Healthcare, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. samuel.brown@imail.org.|Shock Trauma ICU, Intermountain Medical Center, 5121 S. Cottonwood Street, Murray, UT, 84107, USA. samuel.brown@imail.org.
authors.forename: Samuel M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Strategic Planning and Research, Intermountain Healthcare, 36 S. State St., Salt Lake City, UT, USA. glen.mcbride@imail.org.
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McBride
authors.affiliation: Office of Research, Intermountain Healthcare, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. dave.collingridge@imail.org.
authors.forename: Dave S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Collingridge
authors.affiliation: Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Healthcare, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. jorie.butler@hsc.utah.edu.|Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. jorie.butler@hsc.utah.edu.|Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 N 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. jorie.butler@hsc.utah.edu.
authors.forename: Jorie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. kathryn.kuttler@imail.org.|Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Healthcare, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. kathryn.kuttler@imail.org.|Homer Warner Center for Informatics Research, Intermountain Healthcare, 5171 South Cottonwood Street, Suite 220, Murray, UT, USA. kathryn.kuttler@imail.org.
authors.forename: Kathryn G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Kuttler
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. ellie.hirshberg@imail.org.|Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 26 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. ellie.hirshberg@imail.org.|Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Healthcare, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. ellie.hirshberg@imail.org.|Pediatric Critical Care, University of Utah, 26 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. ellie.hirshberg@imail.org.
authors.forename: Eliotte L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hirshberg
authors.affiliation: Kaiser-Permanente Southern California, 100 S Los Robles Ave, Pasadena, CA, USA. jason.p.jones@kp.org.
authors.forename: Jason P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. mona.hopkins@imail.org.|Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Healthcare, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. mona.hopkins@imail.org.|Psychology Department and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, 1022 SWKT, Provo, UT, USA. mona.hopkins@imail.org.
authors.forename: Ramona O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.affiliation: Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 1 Deaconess Rd, Boston, MA, USA. dtalmor@bidmc.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Talmor
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. james.orme@imail.org.|Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 26 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. james.orme@imail.org.|Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Healthcare, 5121 S Cottonwood St, Murray, UT, USA. james.orme@imail.org.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orme
mesh_terms: D003422:Critical Care; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D010351:Patient Discharge; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D017741:Survivors