title: Influence of diabetes on cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure patients: a meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor of increased morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), a pacemaker-based therapy for dyssynchronous heart failure, improves cardiac performance and quality of life, but its effect on mortality in patients with diabetes is uncertain.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a meta-analysis of results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the long-term outcome of cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Literature search of MEDLINE via Pubmed for reports of randomized controlled trials of Cardiac resynchronization for chronic symptomatic left-ventricular dysfunction in patients with and without diabetes mellitus, with death as the outcome. Relevant data were analyzed by use of a random-effects model. Reports published from 1994 to 2011 that described RCTs of CRT for treating chronic symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in patients with and without diabetes, with all-cause mortality as an outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 5 randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria, for 2,923 patients. The quality of studies was good to moderate. Cardiac resynchronization significantly reduced the mortality for heart failure patients with or without diabetes mellitus. Mortality was 24.3% for diabetic patients with heart failure and 20.4 % for non-diabetics (odds ratio 1.28, 95% confidence interval 1.06-1.55; P = 0.010).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may reduce mortality from progressive heart failure in patients with or without diabetes mellitus, but mortality may be higher for patients with than without diabetes after CRT for heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Sunhuisasa303@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Guanyuqing2@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Wangleiwanglei2@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250021, China. Zhaoyong600@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Lvhonglvhong2@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Bixiuping2@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Wanghuating2@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Huating
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Zhangxuejing3@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Xuejing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Liuliliuli3@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Weiminweimin3@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. Songhuisonghui2@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250013, China. suguohai2@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Guohai
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D058406:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; D002423:Cause of Death; D058065:Diabetic Cardiomyopathies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011788:Quality of Life