title: Ethnic differences in dietary intake at age 12 and 18 months: the Born in Bradford 1000 Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the intake of key indicator foods at age 12 months and 18 months between infants of Pakistani and White British origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Logistic regression was used to model associations between ethnicity and consumption of key indicator foods defined by high or low energy density using an FFQ at age 12 and 18 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Born in Bradford 1000 study, Bradford, UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infants (n 1259; 38 % White British, 49 % Pakistani), mean age 12·7 (sd 1·0) months and toddlers (n 1257; 37 % White British, 49 % Pakistani), mean age 18·7 (sd1·0) months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 12 months, Pakistani infants consumed more commercial sweet baby meals than White British infants, with greater odds for being above average consumers (adjusted OR (AOR)=1·90; 95 % CI 1·40, 2·56), more chips/roast potatoes (AOR=2·75; 95 % CI 2·09, 3·62), less processed meat products (AOR=0·11; 95 % CI 0·08, 0·15), more fruit (AOR=2·20; 95 % CI 1·70, 2·85) and more sugar-sweetened drinks (AOR=1·68; 95 % CI 1·29, 2·18). At 18 months these differences persisted, with Pakistani infants consuming more commercial sweet baby meals (AOR=4·57; 95 % CI 2·49, 8·39), more chips/roast potato shapes (AOR=2·26; 95 % CI 1·50, 3·43), more fruit (AOR=1·40; 95 % CI 1·08, 1·81), more sugar-sweetened drinks (AOR=2·03; 95 % CI 1·53, 2·70), more pure fruit juice (AOR=1·82; 95 % CI 1·40, 2·35), more water (AOR=3·24; 95 % CI 2·46, 4·25) and less processed meat (AOR=0·10; 95 % CI 0·06, 0·15) than White British infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary intake during infancy and the early toddlerhood period is associated with ethnicity, suggesting the importance of early and culturally adapted interventions aimed at establishing healthy eating behaviours.
authors.affiliation: 1Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences,Leeds Metropolitan University,City Campus,Calverley Street,Leeds LS1 3HE,UK.
authors.forename: Pinki
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sahota
authors.affiliation: 2Sport,Health,Nutrition,Leeds Trinity University,Leeds,UK.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gatenby
authors.affiliation: 3Division of Biostatistics,University of Leeds,Leeds,UK.
authors.forename: Darren C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.affiliation: 4Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research,University of Leeds,Leeds,UK.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.affiliation: 5MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit,University of Southampton,Southampton,UK.
authors.forename: Sian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: 6Institute of Health Research,Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust,Bradford,UK.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D010154:Pakistan; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber
keywords: Diet; EthnicityObesity; Infant