title: Transcriptional landscape of psoriasis identifies the involvement of IL36 and IL36RN.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In present study we performed whole transcriptome analysis in plaque psoriasis patients and compared lesional skin with non-lesional skin and with the skin from healthy controls. We sequenced total RNA from 12 lesional (LP), 12 non-lesional (NLP) and from 12 normal (C) skin biopsies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with previous gene expression profiling studies we had three groups under analysis - LP, NLP and C. Using NLP samples allows to see the transcriptome of visually normal skin from psoriasis patient. In LP skin S100A12, S100A7A, LCE3E, DEFB4A, IL19 were found up regulated. In addition to already these well-described genes, we also found several other genes related to psoriasis. Namely, KLK9, OAS2, OAS3, PLA2G, IL36G, IL36RN were found to be significantly and consistently related to the psoriatic lesions and this finding is supported also by previous studies. The genes up-regulated in the LP samples were related to the innate immunity, IL17 and IL10 networks. In NLP samples innate immunity and IL17 network were activated, but activation of IL10 network was not evident. The transcriptional changes characteristic in the NLP samples can be considered as a molecular signature of "dormant psoriasis".
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, our study described the transcriptome profile characteristic for LP and NLP psoriatic skin. RNA profile of the NLP skin is in between the lesional and healthy skin, with its own specific pattern. We found that both LP and NLP have up-regulated IL17 network, whereas LP skin has up regulated IL10 related cytokines (IL19, IL20, IL24). Moreover, IL36G and IL36RN were identified as strong regulators of skin pathology in both LP and NLP skin samples, with stronger influence in LP samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. maris.keerman@kliinikum.ee.|Department of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. maris.keerman@kliinikum.ee.
authors.forename: Maris
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keermann
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Centre of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia. sulev.koks@ut.ee.|Department of Reproductive Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia. sulev.koks@ut.ee.
authors.forename: Sulev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kõks
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Centre of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia. ene.reiamnn@ut.ee.|Department of Reproductive Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia. ene.reiamnn@ut.ee.
authors.forename: Ene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reimann
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Centre of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia. ele.prans@ut.ee.|Department of Reproductive Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia. ele.prans@ut.ee.
authors.forename: Ele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prans
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. kristi.adram@kliinikum.ee.|Department of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. kristi.adram@kliinikum.ee.
authors.forename: Kristi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abram
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. kylli.kingo@kliinikum.ee.|Department of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. kylli.kingo@kliinikum.ee.
authors.forename: Külli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kingo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D059467:Transcriptome; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C508589:IL36G protein, human; C122187:IL36RN protein, human; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007378:Interleukins