title: Primary apocrine sweat gland carcinomas of the axilla: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
abstract: Primary apocrine sweat gland carcinoma (PASGC) is an extremely rare malignancy with a relatively favorable prognosis. PASGC is often suspected to be a benign disease during an initial clinical examination, which leads to inadequate initial treatment and extensive metastasis. Owing to the limited number of reports on PASGC, its diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines have not yet been established. The only known curative therapy for localized PASGC is wide local excision. In the present report, we describe two cases of PASGC with locally aggressive disease that arose in the axilla and review the literature about its clinicopathological features, diagnosis, and treatment. Based on the findings of the current report, we suggest that a sentinel lymph node biopsy and adjuvant anti-estrogen therapy should be included in the management of PASGC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea. mklegend0@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Min-Ki
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea. ekkim.md@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Eun-Kyu
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 20130079@kirams.re.kr.
authors.forename: Kanghee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea. crystalcube@kirams.re.kr.
authors.forename: Hyesil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seol
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea. drhyunah74@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ah
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea. nohwoo@kcch.re.kr.
authors.forename: Woo Chul
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Noh
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D000368:Aged; D001050:Apocrine Glands / Q000473:pathology*; D001365:Axilla; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D013544:Sweat Gland Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy