title: Sex in the cold: taxonomic reorganization of psychrotolerant yeasts in the order Leucosporidiales.
abstract: Species of Leucosporidiales are a group of psychrotolerant yeasts with biotechnological potential. In the present work, we studied the phenotypic, genetic and sexual characteristics of three species of this genus (Leucosporidium scottii, Leucosporidiella creatinivora and Le. yakutica) to clarify the evolutionary relationship among these closely related taxa. From the results obtained, it becomes clear that these yeasts can interbreed. Although genetic delimitation is possible for the three species, the extent of nucleotide substitutions and phenotypic differences observed between them are lower than that expected for species that have ended the speciation process. Our taxonomic conclusion is to maintain the three taxa until further genomic data are gathered. However, the concept of L. scottii species complex is proposed for this group of species. Finally, we transfer all Leucosporidiella and Mastigobasidium species to Leucosporidium (Leucosporidiales), and, in order to end the polyphyly condition of these taxa, we propose the new genus Pseudoleucosporidium gen. nov. and the new combination Peudoleucosporidium fasciculatum comb. nov.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada y Biotecnología, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, INIBIOMA-CONICET, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro C.P. 8400, Argentina vikidegarcia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de García
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Teresa M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Martins
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vaz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: José Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada y Biotecnología, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, INIBIOMA-CONICET, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro C.P. 8400, Argentina.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Broock
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada y Biotecnología, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, INIBIOMA-CONICET, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro C.P. 8400, Argentina.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Libkind
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; C065096:RNA, ribosomal, 26S
keywords: cold-adapted; leucosporidiales; sex