title: Proteomic analysis of porcine mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and umbilical cord: implication of the proteins involved in the higher migration capability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to proliferate in vivo with a large variety of differentiation potentials and therefore are widely used as an ideal material for cell therapy. MSCs derived from pig and human sources are similar in many aspects, such as cell immunophenotype and functional characteristics. However, differences in proteomics and the molecular mechanisms of cell functions between porcine bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) and umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) are largely unknown. To the best of our knowledge, MSCs collected from different tissue have specific phenotype and differentiation ability in response to microenvironment, known as a niche.
  
  
  METHODS
  Porcine BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs were evaluated with flow cytometric and adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation analyses. We used isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between these two types of MSCs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and phenotype analyses were used to understand the links between cell migration ability and DEPs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two separate iTRAQ experiments were conducted, identifying 95 DEPs (95% confidence interval). Five of these proteins were verified by Western blotting. These 95 DEPs were classified in terms of biological regulation, metabolic process, developmental process, immune system process, reproduction, death, growth, signaling, localization, response to stimulus, biological adhesion, and cellular component organization. Our study is the first to show results indicating that porcine BM-MSCs have a higher migration capability than UC-MSCs. Finally, one of the DEPs, Vimentin, was verified to have a positive role in MSC migration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results represent the first attempt to use proteomics specifically targeted to porcine MSCs of different tissues. The identified components should help reveal a variety of tissue-specific functions in tissue-derived MSC populations and could serve as important tools for the regeneration of particular tissues in future stem cell-based tissue engineering studies using animal models.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. canoehuang@163.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District 100191, Beijing, China. asdncg@pku.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chenguang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute Mass Spectrometry Laboratory for Protein Sequencing, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. willarb@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Willard
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. zhao_weimin1983@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. liulan19789@163.com.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. 501368383@qq.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. 254564000@qq.com.
authors.forename: Tianwen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. yangshulin@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Shulin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. fst508@sina.com.
authors.forename: Shutang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. mouyulian@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Yulian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District 100191, Beijing, China. zhengl@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lemin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District 100193, Beijing, China. likui@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013552:Swine; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology*; D014746:Vimentin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D014746:Vimentin