title: The Diabetes Shared Care Program and Risks of Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Diabetes Shared Care Program (DSCP) is an integrated diabetes care model designed to increase the quality of diabetes care in Taiwan. The efficacy of this program is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated whether participating patients had reduced risks of cardiovascular events, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 120,000 diabetes patients' data in this retrospective cohort study were obtained from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. DSCP participants received integrated care from a physician, diabetes educator, and dietitian. Otherwise, non-DSCP participants visited a physician without instruction from a diabetes educator or dietitian. We followed these patients until the first hospitalizations due to cardiovascular events. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival curves, and the Cox proportional hazards model was applied to determine the risk of cardiovascular events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 4458 participants and 4458 matched controls were enrolled in this study. Mean age of both participants and nonparticipants was 56 years. DSCP participants had significantly lower risks of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [HR] 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.95), including stroke (HR 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.98) and all-cause mortality (HR 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63-0.95), compared with nonparticipants. Older age, male, history of hypertension, chronic lung disease, and prescription for insulin secretagogues or insulin tended to have higher cardiovascular risks. Nevertheless, the following drugs reduced the cardiovascular risks: biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Participation in the DSCP was associated with lower risks of cardiovascular events, stroke, and all-cause mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine of Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Edy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kornelius
authors.affiliation: School of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Medicine of Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jeng-Yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine of Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine of Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Division of Basic Medical Science, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiung-Huei
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine of Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: cshy049@csh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Chien-Ning
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002423:Cause of Death; D019033:Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control; D013624:Taiwan; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cardiovascular events; Diabetes Shared Care Program; Mortality; P4P; Taiwan