title: Renal Protective Effects of a Diet and Exercise Intervention in Type 2 Diabetic Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common diabetic microvascular complications. Inflammatory factors participate in each stage of DN, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) play important mediation roles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the renal protective effects of a diet and exercise intervention in a rat model of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Control rats (Group A, n = 10) were fed a normal diet, while 30 rats were fed a high-glucose, high-fat diet and given an intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin to establish the T2DM model. Model rats (n = 8 per group) were randomized into Groups B, C, and D. Groups C and D were treated with glibenclamide, and Group D received an 8-week diet and exercise intervention. Blood, 12-hr urine, and kidney tissue samples were collected postintervention for detecting blood glucose and lipid levels, expression of MCP-1 and NF-κB, and renal function indices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postintervention, blood glucose, and lipid levels in Groups C and D were lower than those in Group B, with decreases in Group D significantly greater than in Group C. Every index of renal protection showed greater improvement in Group D than in Group C (p < .05). The expression of NF-κB and MCP-1 was lower in Group D than in Group C (p < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diet and exercise intervention reduced the inflammatory reaction and delayed T2DM and DN progression by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and downregulating the expression of MCP-1.
authors.affiliation: People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China lianghua80@126.com.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004035:Diet Therapy; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D020011:Protective Agents; D013311:Streptozocin
keywords: MCP-1; NF-κB; T2DM; diet and exercise intervention; health education