title: Prohibitin 2: At a communications crossroads.
abstract: Prohibitins (PHBs) are a highly conserved class of proteins first discovered as inhibitors of cellular proliferation. Since then PHBs have been found to have a significant role in transcription, nuclear signaling, mitochondrial structural integrity, cell division, and cellular membrane metabolism, placing these proteins among the key regulators of pathologies such as cancer, neuromuscular degeneration, and other metabolic diseases. The human genome encodes two PHB proteins, prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2), which function not only as a heterodimeric complex, but also independently. While many previous reviews have focused on the better characterized prohibitin, PHB1, this review focuses on PHB2 and new data concerning its cellular functions both in complex with PHB1 and independent of PHB1.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.|Laboratory RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bavelloni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piazzi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Mirco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raffini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Faenza
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.|National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Blalock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D000091402:Prohibitins; D011485:Protein Binding; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C000717328:PHB protein, human; C000717331:PHB2 protein, human; D000091402:Prohibitins; D012097:Repressor Proteins
keywords: AKT; Alzheimer's; CaMK IV; cancer; diabetes; differentiation; gene regulation; inflammation; mitochondria; myositis; nucleus; plasma membrane receptors; prohibitin; stress; transcription