title: ERK5 activation is essential for osteoclast differentiation.
abstract: The MEK/ERK pathways are critical for controlling cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we show that the MEK5/ERK5 pathway participates in osteoclast differentiation. ERK5 was activated by M-CSF, which is one of the essential factors in osteoclast differentiation. Inhibition of MEK5 by BIX02189 or inhibition of ERK5 by XMD 8-92 blocked osteoclast differentiation. MEK5 knockdown inhibited osteoclast differentiation. RAW264.7D clone cells, which are monocytic cells, differentiate into osteoclasts after stimulation with sRANKL. ERK5 was activated without any stimulation in these cells. Inhibition of the MEK5/ERK5 pathway by the inhibitors also blocked the differentiation of RAW264.7D cells into osteoclasts. Moreover, expression of the transcription factor c-Fos, which is indispensable for osteoclast differentiation, was inhibited by treatment with MEK5 or ERK5 inhibitors. Therefore, activation of ERK5 is required for the induction of c-Fos. These events were confirmed in experiments using M-CSF-dependent bone marrow macrophages. Taken together, the present results show that activation of the MEK5/ERK5 pathway with M-CSF is required for osteoclast differentiation, which may induce differentiation through the induction of c-Fos.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Keyakidai, Sakado City, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.affiliation: National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan town, Miaoli County, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-Tzu
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan town, Miaoli County, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukui
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001570:Benzodiazepinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D048671:MAP Kinase Kinase 5 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D048054:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 7 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; C533207:BIX 02189; D001570:Benzodiazepinones; D007211:Indoles; D007527:Isoenzymes; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D053245:RANK Ligand; C568790:XMD 8-92; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D048054:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 7; D048671:MAP Kinase Kinase 5; C578399:Map2k5 protein, mouse; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase