title: Dual-stimuli-responsive microparticles.
abstract: The need for smart materials in the area of biotechnology has fueled the development of numerous stimuli-responsive polymers. Many of these polymers are responsive to pH, light, temperature, or oxidative stress, and yet very few are responsive toward multiple stimuli. Here we report on the synthesis of a novel dual-stimuli-responsive poly(ethylene glycol)-based polymer capable of changing its hydrophilic properties upon treatment with UV light (exogenous stimulus) and markers of oxidative stress (endogenous stimulus). From this polymer, smart microparticles and fibers were fabricated and their responses to either stimulus separately and in conjunction were examined. Comparison of the degradation kinetics demonstrated that the polymer became water-soluble only after both oxidation and irradiation with UV light, which resulted in selective degradation of the corresponding particles. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated successful uptake of these particles by Raw 264.7 cells. Such dual-stimuli-responsive particles could have potential applications in drug delivery, imaging, and tissue engineering.
authors.forename: Ekaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sokolovskaya
authors.affiliation: ‡Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahmani
authors.affiliation: ‡Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Asish C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.affiliation: §Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Süd, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bräse
authors.affiliation: ‡Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lahann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004705:Endocytosis; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008863:Microspheres; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D058105:Polymerization / Q000528:radiation effects; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols
keywords: anisotropic particles; electrohydrodynamic cojetting; microparticles; multifunctional poly(ethylene glycol); stimuli responsive materials