title: Prevalence and prognostic implications of vitamin D deficiency in chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Vitamin D is an important nutrient involved in bone mineral metabolism, and vitamin D status is reflected by serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and nutritional vitamin D supplementation decreases elevated parathyroid hormone concentrations in subgroups of these patients. Furthermore, vitamin D is supposed to have pleiotropic effects on various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, infectious diseases, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. Indeed, there is cumulative evidence showing the associations of low vitamin D with the development and progression of CKD, cardiovascular complication, and high mortality. Recently, genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D-binding protein have received great attention because they largely affect bioavailable 25(OH)D concentrations. This finding suggests that the serum total 25(OH)D concentrations would not be comparable among different gene polymorphisms and thus may be inappropriate as an index of vitamin D status. This finding may refute the conventional definition of vitamin D status based solely on serum total 25(OH)D concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine & Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Obi
authors.affiliation: Department of Comprehensive Kidney Disease Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamano
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine & Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Isaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; C579457:VDR protein, human; D014807:Vitamin D