title: Mental health of Chinese primary care patients with lower urinary tract symptoms.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health of Chinese primary care patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This was a cross-sectional observational study. Five hundred and nineteen subjects with LUTS completed a structured questionnaire containing the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-Short Form, the International Prostate Symptom Score, the adapted International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form and questions about socio-demographics. Overall, 17.7% of subjects reported depressive symptoms, 24.3% anxiety symptoms and 9.6% stress symptoms. In males, demographic factors associated with poorer mental health included being not married; clinical factors included higher LUTS severity, weak stream, straining and mixed urinary incontinence. In females, demographic factors associated with poorer mental health included being younger, not married and lower household income; clinical factors included higher LUTS severity, incomplete bladder emptying, urgency and weak stream. Chinese primary care patients with LUTS appear to be an at-risk group for poorer mental health with increased prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and may require routine screening to identify those who may require more tailored interventions to address both their urinary symptoms and psychological distress.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care , The University of Hong Kong , 3/F, 161 Main Street, Ap Lei Chau Clinic, Ap Lei Chau , Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Edmond P H
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care , The University of Hong Kong , 3/F, 161 Main Street, Ap Lei Chau Clinic, Ap Lei Chau , Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Cindy L K
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: a Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care , The University of Hong Kong , 3/F, 161 Main Street, Ap Lei Chau Clinic, Ap Lei Chau , Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Weng Yee
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chinese; anxiety; depression; lower urinary tract symptoms; stress; urology