title: Localization of the Dual Oxidase BLI-3 and Characterization of Its NADPH Oxidase Domain during Infection of Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: Dual oxidases (DUOX) are enzymes that contain an NADPH oxidase domain that produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and a peroxidase domain that can utilize H2O2 to carry out a variety of reactions. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans produces the DUOX, BLI-3, which has roles in both cuticle development and in protection against infection. In previous work, we demonstrated that while certain peroxidases were protective against the human bacterial pathogen Enterococcus faecalis, the peroxidase domain of BLI-3 was not, leading to the postulate that the NADPH oxidase domain is the basis for BLI-3's protective effects. In this work, we show that a strain carrying a mutation in the NADPH oxidase domain of BLI-3, bli-3(im10), is more susceptible to E. faecalis and the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Additionally, less H2O2 is produced in response to pathogen using both an established Amplex Red assay and a strain of C. albicans, WT-OXYellow, which acts as a biosensor of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, a C. elegans line containing a BLI-3::mCherry transgene was generated. Previous work suggested that BLI-3 is produced in the hypodermis and the intestine. Expression of the transgene was observed in both these tissues, and additionally in the pharynx. The amount and pattern of localization of BLI-3 did not change in response to pathogen exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ransome
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van der Hoeven
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
authors.forename: Melissa R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chávez
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
authors.forename: Danielle A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Garsin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D021381:Protein Transport
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C544706:Bli-3 protein, C elegans; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases