title: Lipid-Encapsulated Echium Oil (Echium plantagineum) Increases the Content of Stearidonic Acid in Plasma Lipid Fractions and Milk Fat of Dairy Cows.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of feeding lipid-encapsulated echium oil (EEO) on animal performance and milk fatty acid profile. Twelve Holstein dairy cows were used in a 3 × 3 Latin Square design with 14 day periods. Treatments were a control diet (no supplemental fat), 1.5% dry matter (DM) as EEO and 3.0% DM as EEO. Treatments had no negative effect on animal performance (dry matter intake, milk yield, and fat yield). The milk fat content of total n-3 fatty acids and stearidonic acid (SDA) increased with EEO supplementation (P < 0.001). The proportion of SDA increased in all plasma lipid fractions with EEO supplementation (P < 0.001). Transfer of SDA from EEO into milk fat was 3.4 and 3.2% for the 1.5 and 3% EEO treatments, respectively. In conclusion, EEO increases the content of n-3 fatty acids in milk fat; however, the apparent transfer efficiency was low.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Animal Science, University of Vermont, 570 Main Street, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States.
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bainbridge
authors.affiliation: §Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, 474 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.
authors.forename: Adam L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Lock
authors.affiliation: †Department of Animal Science, University of Vermont, 570 Main Street, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kraft
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004063:Digestion; D036661:Echium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005223:Fats / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005223:Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D008055:Lipids; D010938:Plant Oils; C062895:stearidonic acid
keywords: bioactive fatty acids; blood metabolites; plasma lipid fractions; transfer efficiency; γ-linolenic acid