title: Mucosal Manifestations in the Edentulous Maxilla with Implant Supported Prostheses: Clinical Results from a Well-Maintained Patient Cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostheses in the edentulous maxilla affect the mucosa.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate mucosal alterations with implant supported fixed prostheses (FDP) and overdentures (IOD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients receiving prostheses during a time period of 10 years were recruited. Maxillary mucosal conditions in relation to FDPs, IODs were analyzed. Peri-implant parameters were measured and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) was administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred seven patients wearing 74 IODs and 33 FDPs were identified with a total of 519 implants, the mean observation time was 6.5 ± 2.7. Cumulative implant survival was 93%. Erythema and hyperplastic tissue were identified in 71% of the IOD wearers, but were mostly absent with FDPs. The peri-implant parameters demonstrated healthy peri-implant mucosa. Medication and smoking had no effect on mucosal alteration (OR = 1.065 and 1.568). The average OHIP value was 3.73 ± 4.12. A lower value (p < 0.0048) was found for FDPs and one type of IOD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A rigorous maintenance program did not prevent IOD mucosal alterations in IOD wearers, but the health of the peri-implant mucosa was maintained and was comparable for all types of prostheses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ebinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Joannis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Katsoulis
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hakimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mazzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mericske-Stern
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003828:Denture, Overlay / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015993:Life Tables; D008437:Maxilla; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology
keywords: denture base; edentulous maxilla; fixed implant prosthesis; implant survival; overdenture