title: Antifungal properties of a new terpernoid saponin and other compounds from the stem bark of Polyscias fulva Hiern (Araliaceae).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In our previous studies, it was evident that the dichloromethane-methanol (1:1 v/v) stem barks extract of Polyscias fulva and fractions (ethyl acetate, n-butanol and residue) demonstrated interesting antidermatophytic activities. So, as a continuity of that, this work aimed at identifying active principles with antifungal properties from P. fulva that could be used as markers for possible standardization of this plant as phytomedicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ethyl acetate, n-butanol and residual fractions of the dichloromethane-methanol (1:1 v/v) stem bark extract of Polyscias fulva were further fractionated by column chromatography and the structures of isolated compounds elucidated based on their spectroscopic data in comparison with existing literature information. Antifungal activity was assayed by broth microdilution techniques on yeasts and dermatophytes spores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fractionation of the crude dichloromethane-methanol (1:1 v/v) stem bark extract of Polyscias fulva led to the isolation of 10 known compounds (1 to 10) and one new saponin (11: 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-[α-L-4-O-acetyl-rhamnopyranosyl (1-4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-hederagenin). Among these compounds, 3-O-α-L- arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin and 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-hederagenin were the most active on the tested fungi with MIC values ranging from 0.78 to 100 μg/ml against both yeasts and dermatophytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this work constitute a step forward in the possible development of an antidermatophytic phytomedicine from Polyscias fulva stem bark, the isolated compounds being possible markers for the standardisation.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China. njatguysedars@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Guy Sedar Singor
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Njateng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China. duzhizhi@mail.kib.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhizhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. gatsingd@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Donatien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gatsing
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. arnonanfack@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Arno Rusel
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Nanfack Donfack
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China. fetamiel@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feussi Talla
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. hkamdemw@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Hippolyte
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamdem Wabo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. ptane@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tane
authors.affiliation: Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, P.O Box 7236, Douala, Cameroon. moraysi@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Raymond Simplice
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mouokeu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China. xdluo@mail.kib.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. jrkuiate@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Jules-Roger
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kuiate
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027481:Araliaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D003883:Arthrodermataceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D013729:Terpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins; D013729:Terpenes; C036411:cauloside A; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; C025763:hederagenin