title: Visual outcomes after bilateral trifocal diffractive intraocular lens implantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years new models of intraocular lenses are appearing on the market to reduce requirements for additional optical correction. The purpose of this study is to assess visual outcomes following bilateral cataract surgery and the implant of a FineVision® trifocal intraocular lens (IOL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, nonrandomized, observational study. Vision was assessed in 44 eyes of 22 patients (mean age 68.4 ± 5.5 years) before and 3 months after surgery. Aberrations were determined using the Topcon KR-1 W wave-front analyzer. LogMAR visual acuity was measured at distance (corrected distance visual acuity, CDVA 4 m), intermediate (distance corrected intermediate visual acuity, DCIVA 60 cm) and near (distance corrected near visual acuity, DCNVA 40 cm). The Pelli-Robson letter chart and the CSV-1000 test were used to estimate contrast sensitivity (CS). Defocus curve testing was performed in photopic and mesopic conditions. Adverse photic phenomena were assessed using the Halo v1.0 program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean aberration values for a mesopic pupil diameter were: total HOA RMS: 0.41 ± 0.30 μm, coma: 0.32 ± 0.22 μm and spherical aberration: 0.21 ± 0.20 μm. Binocular logMAR measurements were: CDVA -0.05 ± 0.05, DCIVA 0.15 ± 0.10, and DCNVA 0.06 ± 0.10. Mean Pelli-Robson CS was 1.40 ± 0.14 log units. Mean CSV100 CS for the 4 frequencies examined (A: 3 cycles/degree (cpd), B: 6 cpd, C: 12 cpd, D: 18 cpd) were 1.64 ± 0.14, 1.77 ± 0.18, 1.44 ± 0.24 and 0.98 ± 0.24 log units, respectively. Significant differences were observed in defocus curves for photopic and mesopic conditions (p < 0.0001). A mean disturbance index of 0.28 ± 0.22 was obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral FineVision IOL implant achieved a full range of adequate vision, satisfactory contrast sensitivity, and a lack of significant adverse photic phenomena.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Eudract Clinical Trials Registry Number: 2014-003266-2.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. jcarballo@ucm.es.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carballo-Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. josevaz@opt.ucm.es.
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Molini
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. jcsanz@opt.ucm.es.
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sanz-Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmologia, Hospital Clinico San Carlos; Departamento de Oftalmologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; and Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain. javier.garciabll@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcia-Bella
authors.affiliation: Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. vicpolo@telefonica.net.
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Polo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmologia, Hospital Clinico San Carlos; Departamento de Oftalmologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; and Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain. jgarciafeijoo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Feijoo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmologia, Hospital Clinico San Carlos; Departamento de Oftalmologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; and Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain. martinezcasa@ya.com.
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martinez-de-la-Casa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002386:Cataract / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D055253:Color Vision; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014792:Visual Acuity