title: The sterile inflammation in the exacerbation of HBV-associated liver injury.
abstract: Exacerbation of hepatitis B virus-associated liver injury is characterized by abnormal immune response which not only mobilizes specific antiviral effects but also poses a potentially lethal nonspecific sterile inflammation to the host. How nonspecific sterile inflammation is triggered after the preexisting injury caused by specific immune injury remains elusive. In the setting of sterile inflammation, endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns are released by stressed and dying hepatocytes, which alarm the immune system through their potential pattern recognition receptors and related signaling pathways, orchestrate the influx of diverse cytokines, and ultimately amplify liver destruction. This review highlights current knowledge about the sterile hepatic inflammation in the exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China.
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Block 6-A, 17th Floor, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Block 6-A, 17th Floor, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Block 6-A, 17th Floor, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Block 6-A, 17th Floor, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006515:Hepatitis B virus; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000276:immunology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D000067596:Interleukin-33 / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C585491:HMGB1 protein, human; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D058847:Inflammasomes; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D014527:Uric Acid