title: Conscious Changes of Carbon Nanotubes Cytotoxicity by Manipulation with Selected Nanofactors.
abstract: We discuss eight major challenges in the field of carbon nanomaterial toxicity. Generally, we pick up some of them, and the most important challenge is searching of the qualitative relationships between nanofactors and cytotoxicity. This is important since it can provide the possibility of conscious changes of carbon nanotubes cytotoxicity by manipulation with selected nanofactors. Therefore, the toxicity of a series of gradually oxidized carbon nanotubes is studied. We show, for the first time, that toxicity of those materials depends strongly on the ratio of acidic to basic group concentration--the higher is this ratio value, the more toxic are nanotubes. In this way, by changing this ratio, one can change toxicity. This correlation is more evident after ultrasonication, and it is connected with the accessibility of charged groups for interactions with proteins. Toxicity also depends on the ability of nanotubes for protein adsorption. We suggest that the changes in the protein composition of medium, especially lack of important growth factors, inhibit cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Physicochemistry of Carbon Materials Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin St., 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Werengowska-Ciećwierz
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiśniewski
authors.forename: Artur P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Terzyk
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roszek
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Czarnecka
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bolibok
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rychlicki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
chemical_list: D003603:Cytotoxins; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase