title: Crocin Abrogates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Renal Toxicity in Rats via Modulation of Metabolizing Enzymes and Diminution of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Inflammatory Cytokines.
abstract: This work aimed at investigating the potential modulatory effects and mechanisms of crocin against CCl4 -induced nephrotoxicity. Forty male rats were allocated for three weeks treatment with corn oil, CCl4 , crocin, or crocin plus CCl4 . Crocin effectively mitigated CCl4 -induced kidney injury as evidenced by amelioration of alterations in kidney histopathology, renal weight/100 g body weight ratio and kidney functions. Crocin modulated CCl4 -induced disturbance of kidney cytochrom-P450 subfamily 2E1 and glutathione-S-transferase. The attenuation of crocin to kidney injury was also associated with suppression of oxidative stress via reduction of lipid peroxides along with induction of renal glutathione content and enhancement of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities. Crocin mitigated CCl4 -induced elevation of the renal levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, prostaglandin E2, and active caspases-3. Collectively, crocin alleviated CCl4 -induced renal damage via modulation of kidney metabolizing enzymes, suppression of oxidative stress, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, PGE2, and active caspase3 in kidney.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Azahr University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Memy H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Saleh A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bahashawan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Azahr University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Tamer M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Abdelghany
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Azahr University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Gamil M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Abd-Allah
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Saudi Arabia.|Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ghobara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D020011:Protective Agents; D002338:Carotenoids; C029036:crocin; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidants; Carbon Tetrachloride; Crocin; Metabolizing Enzymes; Oxidative Stress