title: Review of the evidence: prevalence of medical conditions in the United States population with serious mental illness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Persons with serious mental illness (SMI) have high rates of premature mortality from preventable medical conditions, but this group is underrepresented in epidemiologic surveys and we lack national estimates of the prevalence of conditions such as obesity and diabetes in this group. We performed a comprehensive review to synthesize estimates of the prevalence of 15 medical conditions among the population with SMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed studies published in the peer-reviewed literature from January 2000 to August 2012. Studies were included if they assessed prevalence in a sample of 100 or more United States (US) adults with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 57 studies were included in the review. For most medical conditions, the prevalence estimates varied considerably. For example, estimates of obesity prevalence ranged from 26% to 55%. This variation appeared to be due to differences in measurement (e.g., self-report versus clinical measures) and underlying differences in study populations. Few studies assessed prevalence in representative, community samples of persons with SMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In many studies, the prevalence of medical conditions among the population with SMI was higher than among the overall US population. Screening for and monitoring of these conditions should be common practice in clinical settings serving persons with SMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: ejansse1@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Ellen M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Room 359, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: bmcginty@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Emma E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: McGinty
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Mental Health, 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 7145 MSC 9631, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. Electronic address: Susan.Azrin@nih.gov.
authors.forename: Susan T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Azrin
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Mental Health, 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 7144 MSC 9631, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. Electronic address: Djuliano@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Juliano-Bult
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 2024 East Monument Street, Suite 2-620, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: gdaumit@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Gail L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Daumit
mesh_terms: D015897:Comorbidity; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Bipolar disorder; Medical co-morbidity; Prevalence; Schizophrenia