title: Parental trophic exposure to three aromatic fractions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the zebrafish: Consequences for the offspring.
abstract: In recent decades, PAH emissions due to extensive anthropogenic activities have risen sharply causing considerable pollution of aquatic ecosystems. This pollution represents a threat for organisms, among them are fish. Consequently, prenatal stress can have important repercussions, and may impact survival and population recruitment. To investigate this point, eggs were collected from zebrafish exposed during 6 months by trophic route to three aromatic fractions from two different origins, pyrolytic (PY) and petrogenic (light (BAL) and heavy (HFO) fractions) sources. Chronic dietary exposure of the parents was performed at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3×, 1× and 3×; 1× represents an environmental concentration measured in French estuary). In order to explore the consequences of parental exposure for the next first generation, toxic responses were studied in both embryos and larvae using a multiscale approach. Toxic effects were assessed by looking at hatching success, developmental abnormalities, photomotor response and heartbeat. The level of PAH metabolites and EROD activity in fish larvae were measured to assess exposure to PAHs. Egg production of parents was significantly reduced compared to the Control; hence little information was available for BAL and HFO offspring. The size of larvae from PY parents was found to increase despite a reduced yolk sac compared to Control larvae. Furthermore, a high level of behavioral stress was observed in larvae originating from parents exposed to three-fold the environmental concentration. The cardiac activity was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner for the PY exposure group. No effect was however observed on biotransformation markers (cyp1a, EROD), nor on the level of DNA damage for all PY, BAL and HFO offspring. The absence of significant differences in metabolite levels may indicate a potential early depuration of transferred compounds or no PAH-transmission. The disruptions observed at the individual level in the next generation could impact on the longer-term, surviving population.
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France; Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France. Electronic address: prescilla.perrichon@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Prescilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perrichon
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Farida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akcha
authors.affiliation: Université de Bordeaux (EPOC, LPTC, UMR CNRS 5805), 351 Cours de la Libération, F33405 Talence Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Karyn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Le Menach
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Manon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goubeau
authors.affiliation: Université de Bordeaux (EPOC, LPTC, UMR CNRS 5805), 351 Cours de la Libération, F33405 Talence Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Budzinski
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France; INRA, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons, Campus Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cousin
authors.affiliation: Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France.
authors.forename: Paco
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bustamante
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001711:Biotransformation; D004249:DNA Damage; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D063366:Estuaries; D020387:Food Chain; D007814:Larva; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Cardiac performance; Fish early-life stages; Genotoxicity; PAH metabolites; Parental transmission; PhotoMotor Response; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons