title: Bone remodeling markers and bone metastases: From cancer research to clinical implications.
abstract: Bone metastasis is a frequent finding in the natural history of several types of cancers. However, its anticipated risk, diagnosis and response to therapy are still challenging to assess in clinical practice. Markers of bone metabolism are biochemical by-products that provide insight into the tumor-bone interaction, with potential to enhance the clinical management of patients with bone metastases. In fact, these markers had a cornerstone role in the development of bone-targeted agents; however, its translation to routine practice is still unclear, as reflected by current international guidelines. In this review, we aimed to capture several of the research and clinical translational challenges regarding the use of bone metabolism markers that we consider relevant for future research in bone metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Santa Maria , Lisbon, Portugal ; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Arlindo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alho
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Casimiro
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Santa Maria , Lisbon, Portugal ; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costa