title: L-Rhamnose-binding lectin from eggs of the Echinometra lucunter: Amino acid sequence and molecular modeling.
abstract: An L-rhamnose-binding lectin named ELEL was isolated from eggs of the rock boring sea urchin Echinometra lucunter by affinity chromatography on lactosyl-agarose. ELEL is a homodimer linked by a disulfide bond with subunits of 11 kDa each. The new lectin was inhibited by saccharides possessing the same configuration of hydroxyl groups at C-2 and C-4, such as L-rhamnose, melibiose, galactose and lactose. The amino acid sequence of ELEL was determined by tandem mass spectrometry. The ELEL subunit has 103 amino acids, including nine cysteine residues involved in four conserved intrachain disulfide bonds and one interchain disulfide bond. The full sequence of ELEL presents conserved motifs commonly found in rhamnose-binding lectins, including YGR, DPC and KYL. A three-dimensional model of ELEL was created, and molecular docking revealed favorable binding energies for interactions between ELEL and rhamnose, melibiose and Gb3 (Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer). Furthermore, ELEL was able to agglutinate Gram-positive bacterial cells, suggesting its ability to recognize pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rômulo Farias
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Moléculas Biologicamente Ativas - BioMol-Lab, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, s/n bloco 907, 60440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudener Souza
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arthur Alves
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: de Melo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandra Sampaio
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Moléculas Biologicamente Ativas - BioMol-Lab, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, s/n bloco 907, 60440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Benildo Sousa
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cavada
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciências do Mar - Labomar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. da Abolição, 3207, 60165-081, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Oscarina Viana
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Moléculas Biologicamente Ativas - BioMol-Lab, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, s/n bloco 907, 60440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Anderson Matias
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celso Shiniti
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address: alexholandasampaio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alexandre Holanda
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Sampaio
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010063:Ovum / Q000737:chemistry*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012210:Rhamnose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000737:chemistry*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D002413:Cations, Divalent; D037102:Lectins; D012210:Rhamnose
keywords: Globotriaosylceramide; Lectin; Marine invertebrate; Mass spectrometry; Rhamnose