title: Spatio-temporal analysis of malaria vectors in national malaria surveillance sites in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To reveal the spatio-temporal distribution of malaria vectors in the national malaria surveillance sites from 2005 to 2010 and provide reference for the current National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP) in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 6-year longitudinal surveillance on density of malaria vectors was carried out in the 62 national malaria surveillance sites. The spatial and temporal analyses of the four primary vectors distribution were conducted by the methods of kernel k-means and the cluster distribution of the most widely distribution vector of An.sinensis was identified using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally 4 species of Anopheles mosquitoes including An.sinensis, An.lesteri, An.dirus and An.minimus were captured with significant difference of distribution as well as density. An. sinensis was the most widely distributed, accounting for 96.25% of all collections, and its distribution was divided into three different clusters with a significant increase of density observed in the second cluster which located mostly in the central parts of China.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study first described the spatio-temporal distribution of malaria vectors based on the nationwide surveillance during 2005-2010, which served as a baseline for the ongoing national malaria elimination program.
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China. uangjx@lreis.ac.cn.|Center of 3S Technology and Mapping, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China. uangjx@lreis.ac.cn.|LREIS, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. uangjx@lreis.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Ji-Xia
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. nipdxzhg@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhi-Gui
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. zss163@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Shui-Sen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Geospatial Information Sciences in the School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences at The University of Texas in Dallas, Richardson, USA. xxp102020@utdallas.edu.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: LREIS, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. humg@lreis.ac.cn.|Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China. humg@lreis.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Mao-Gui
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Geographical Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China. huangdc@lreis.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Da-Cang
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: LREIS, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. renzp@lreis.ac.cn.|Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China. renzp@lreis.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhou-Peng
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. shaosen413@163.com.
authors.forename: Shao-Sen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. yangmanni568@163.com.
authors.forename: Man-Ni
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. duoquan2006@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Duo-Quan
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: LREIS, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. wangjf@lreis.ac.cn.|Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China. wangjf@lreis.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jin-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000502:physiology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000502:physiology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D011156:Population Density; D011159:Population Surveillance; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D013997:Time Factors