title: Effect of acute and chronic DSS induced colitis on plasma eicosanoid and oxylipin levels in the rat.
abstract: Eicosanoids and oxylipins are potent lipid mediators involved in the regulation of inflammation. In order to evaluate their role and suitability as biomarkers in colitis, we analyzed their systemic levels in the acute and chronic phase of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis. Male Fischer 344 rats were treated in three cycles with 4% DSS in the drinking water (4 days followed by 10 days recovery) and blood was drawn 3 days prior to the first DSS treatment and on days 4, 11, 32 and 39. Histopathological evaluation of the colon tissue after 42 days showed that the animals developed a mild to severe chronic colitis. Consistently, prostaglandin levels were massively (twofold) elevated in the colonic tissue. LC-MS based targeted metabolomics was used to determine plasma oxylipin levels at the different time points. In the acute phase of inflammation directly after DSS treatment, epoxy-fatty acid (FA), dihydroxy-FA and hydroxy-FA plasma concentrations were uniformly elevated. With each treatment cycle the increase in these oxylipin levels was more pronounced. Our data suggest that in the acute phase of colitis release of polyunsaturated FAs from membranes in the inflamed tissue is reflected by a uniform increase of oylipins formed in different branches of the arachidonic acid cascade. However, during the recovery phases the systemic oxylipin pattern is not or only moderately altered and does not allow to evaluate the onset of chronic inflammation in the colon.
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Willenberg
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Annika I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Ostermann
authors.affiliation: Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Veterinary Pathology, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Samoa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giovannini
authors.affiliation: Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Veterinary Pathology, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kershaw
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Keutz
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; University of Wuppertal, Institute of Food Chemistry, Wuppertal, Germany. Electronic address: schebb@wwu.de.
authors.forename: Nils Helge
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Schebb
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003092:Colitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000097:blood*; D051381:Rats; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015777:Eicosanoids; D054883:Oxylipins; D016264:Dextran Sulfate
keywords: Colon inflammation; Dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis; Eicosanoids; Oxylipins