title: Emissions of Escherichia coli carrying extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistance from pig farms to the surrounding environment.
abstract: The dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) from food-producing animals to the surrounding environment has attracted much attention. To determine the emissions of ESBL-producing E. coli from pig farms to the surrounding environment, fecal and environmental samples from six pig farms were collected. In total, 119 ESBL-producing E. coli were isolated from feces, air samples, water, sludge and soil samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that the ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics and isolates of different origin within the same farm showed similar resistance phenotypes. Both CTX-M and TEM ESBL-encoding genes were detected in these isolates. CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-15 were the predominant ESBL genes identified. ESBL producers from feces and environmental samples within the same farm carried similar CTX-M types. The results indicated that the ESBL-producing E. coli carrying multidrug resistance could readily disseminate to the surrounding environment.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. abigheart@163.com.|Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. abigheart@163.com.|Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. abigheart@163.com.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. tykaaa@163.com.
authors.forename: Yeke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. zhangxiaodan89@126.com.|Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. zhangxiaodan89@126.com.|Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. zhangxiaodan89@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiaodan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. hujiaqing0609@126.com.
authors.forename: Jiaqing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an 271000, China. Zengminmiao@163.com.
authors.forename: Zengmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China.|Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Liangmeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. chaitj117@163.com.|Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. chaitj117@163.com.|Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China. chaitj117@163.com.
authors.forename: Tongjie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chai
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000662:veterinary; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology; D013552:Swine; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D012722:Sewage; D001618:beta-Lactamases