title: Candida parapsilosis complex induces local inflammatory cytokines in immunocompetent mice.
abstract: Despite the increasing incidence of the Candida parapsilosis complex in the clinical setting and high mortality rates associated with disseminated infection, the host-fungus interactions regarding Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto and the closely related species C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis remains blurred. In this study, we analyzed inflammatory cytokines levels and histopathology as well as fungal burden in spleen, kidney and lung of mice infected with six strains of the "psilosis" group with different enzymatic profiles. Strong interleukin 22 (IL-22) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) responses were observed in analyzed organs from infected mice (P < .0001) regardless of the species and enzymatic profile. TNF-α and IL-22 levels were related with spleen inflammation and fungal load. Fungal cells were detected only in spleen and kidney of infected mice, especially by day 2 post-challenge. The kidney showed glomerular retraction and partial destruction of renal tubules. Our data suggest that a strong inflammatory response, mainly of IL-22 and TNF-α, could be involved in Candida parapsilosis complex infection control.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rogelio de J
authors.initials: Rde J
authors.lastname: Treviño-Rangel
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gloria M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Azalia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Martínez-Castilla
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Juárez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Efrén R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Robledo-Leal
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: José G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Nuevo León, Mexico adrian.rosastr@uanl.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Adrian G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Rosas-Taraco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002175:Candida / Q000276:immunology*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Candida parapsilosis complex; IFN-γ; IL-17A; IL-22; TNF-α; cytokines response