title: Multimodality evaluation of musculoskeletal sarcoidosis: Imaging findings and literature review.
abstract: Whilst the detailed X-ray features of thoracic manifestations of sarcoidosis are now clearly defined and known by most radiologists, the same does not apply to osteoarticular and muscular features of the disease, which may however raise major diagnostic problems, either because they are the presenting features of the disease (7% of cases) or because they develop during its course. The bony lesions of sarcoid dactylitis (classical Perthes-Jüngling disease) are very characteristic and well known. Many other presentations of bone and bone marrow sarcoidosis may however raise major diagnostic difficulties, particularly uni- or multifocal osteolytic and sclerotic forms of the disease. The articular manifestations of sarcoidosis are difficult to distinguish from those of the other inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies. The muscular lesions in sarcoidosis are generally clinically silent and therefore often missed. MRI has shown them to be very common in active sarcoidosis. Acute forms carry a good prognosis whereas chronic lesions are a presenting feature of multi-organ sarcoidosis. Finally, clinicians should always think about the possibility of an iatrogenic origin for musculoskeletal abnormalities seen in sarcoidosis, particularly those related to corticosteroid therapy.
authors.affiliation: Guilloz Department of Imaging, Central Hospital, 29, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, CO 60034, 54035 Nancy, France. Electronic address: aptel.sabine@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aptel
authors.affiliation: Guilloz Department of Imaging, Central Hospital, 29, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, CO 60034, 54035 Nancy, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lecocq-Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brabois Hospital, rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Olivier
authors.affiliation: Guilloz Department of Imaging, Central Hospital, 29, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, CO 60034, 54035 Nancy, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Regent
authors.affiliation: Guilloz Department of Imaging, Central Hospital, 29, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, CO 60034, 54035 Nancy, France.
authors.forename: P Gondim
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Guilloz Department of Imaging, Central Hospital, 29, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, CO 60034, 54035 Nancy, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Diagnostic imaging; Musculoskeletal system; Positron emission tomography; Sarcoidosis