title: The impact of long term exposure to phthalic acid esters on reproduction in Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus).
abstract: The environmental risk of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) is of great concern. We investigated the reproductive impairment of di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) on Chinese rare minnow, an endemic fish inhabiting the upper streams of the Yangtze River. Chinese rare minnow larvae were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of DEHP (0, 4.2, 13.3, and 40.8 μg/L) for 6 months. Plasma testosterone and 17β-estradiol levels decreased in females, accompanied by downregulation of cyp19a and cyp17 gene transcription in ovary. Increases in plasma testosterone concentration were observed in males, accompanied by downregulation of cyp19a gene transcription in testes. Hepatic VTG gene transcription was upregulated in males and females. Exposure to DEHP reduced egg production and inhibited oocyte maturation in females and retarded spermiation in males. Decreased egg protein content was measured in F1 embryos. These results indicate that long-term exposure to low concentrations of DEHP (13.3 μg/L) causes endocrine disruption and impairs fish reproduction.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Yongyong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Sturgeon Research, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Yuanjin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Sturgeon Research, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Xianfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: bszhou@ihb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Bingsheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001141:Aromatase / Q000235:genetics; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate / Q000633:toxicity*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000235:genetics; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D029941:Fish Proteins; D014819:Vitellogenins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D013739:Testosterone; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate; D001141:Aromatase; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase
keywords: Chinese rare minnow; Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate; Endocrine disruption; Environmental risk; Reproductive toxicity