title: Overall Survival and Long-Term Safety of Nivolumab (Anti-Programmed Death 1 Antibody, BMS-936558, ONO-4538) in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Programmed death 1 is an immune checkpoint that suppresses antitumor immunity. Nivolumab, a fully human immunoglobulin G4 programmed death 1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, was active and generally well tolerated in patients with advanced solid tumors treated in a phase I trial with expansion cohorts. We report overall survival (OS), response durability, and long-term safety in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving nivolumab in this trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (N = 129) with heavily pretreated advanced NSCLC received nivolumab 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg intravenously once every 2 weeks in 8-week cycles for up to 96 weeks. Tumor burden was assessed by RECIST (version 1.0) after each cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median OS across doses was 9.9 months; 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 42%, 24%, and 18%, respectively, across doses and 56%, 42%, and 27%, respectively, at the 3-mg/kg dose (n = 37) chosen for further clinical development. Among 22 patients (17%) with objective responses, estimated median response duration was 17.0 months. An additional six patients (5%) had unconventional immune-pattern responses. Response rates were similar in squamous and nonsquamous NSCLC. Eighteen responding patients discontinued nivolumab for reasons other than progressive disease; nine (50%) of those had responses lasting > 9 months after their last dose. Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 14% of patients. Three treatment-related deaths (2% of patients) occurred, each associated with pneumonitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nivolumab monotherapy produced durable responses and encouraging survival rates in patients with heavily pretreated NSCLC. Randomized clinical trials with nivolumab in advanced NSCLC are ongoing.
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ. scott.gettinger@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Scott N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Gettinger
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Leora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Spigel
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Scott J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Antonia
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Naiyer A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rizvi
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Powderly
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Rebecca S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Heist
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Carvajal
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Jackman
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Lecia V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Sequist
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leming
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Mary C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pinder-Schenck
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Suzanne L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Topalian
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: F Stephen
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Hodi
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sosman
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sznol
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Drew M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Pardoll
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Vindira
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sankar
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Christoph M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ahlers
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvati
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Jon M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wigginton
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hellmann
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Georgia D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Kollia
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Ashok K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Scott N. Gettinger and Mario Sznol, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Leora Horn, David P. Carbone, and Jeffrey A. Sosman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; David R. Spigel, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Leena Gandhi, David M. Jackman, and F. Stephen Hodi, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Rebecca S. Heist and Lecia V. Sequist, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; David F. McDermott, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Scott J. Antonia and Mary C. Pinder-Schenck, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL; Naiyer A. Rizvi, Richard D. Carvajal, and Matthew D. Hellmann, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; John D. Powderly, Carolina BioOncology Institute, Huntersville, NC; David C. Smith, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Philip Leming, Christ Hospital Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH; Suzanne L. Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, and Julie R. Brahmer, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; and Vindira Sankar, Christoph M. Ahlers, Mark Salvati, Jon M. Wigginton, Georgia D. Kollia, and Ashok K. Gupta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Julie R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Brahmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D000077594:Nivolumab; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D000077594:Nivolumab