title: Intracameral cefuroxime and the incidence of post-cataract endophthalmitis: an Israeli experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgeons (ESCRS) study reported a decrease in endophthalmitis rates from 0.34 % to 0.08 % with the use of intracameral cefuroxime. The purpose of this study was to compare the endophthalmitis rates before and after the introduction of intracameral cefuroxime (ICC) routinely at the end of cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective consecutive cohort study. We compared the rates of endophthalmitis between the years 2000-2006, and the years 2007-2014, after the pivotal publication of the ESCRS. Data collected included age, gender, culture results, initial and final visual acuity, and complications. Only patients that presented with endophthalmitis following cataract surgery performed at the two centers were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two cases of endophthalmitis occurred between the years 2000 and 2006, out of 26,663 cataract operations performed at the two centers, a rate of 0.083 %. Ten cases occurred between the years 2007 and 2014 out of 29,431 cataract operations, a rate of 0.034 %. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.03) CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of prophylactic use of intracameral cefuroxime was associated with a significant reduction in post-operative endophthalmitis rates in our centers. We strongly recommend adoption of this routine by for all cataract operations except when contraindicated.
authors.affiliation: Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel. gabrielkatz.dr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.affiliation: Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Leeva
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Axer-Siegel
authors.affiliation: Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moisseiev
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Gili
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tesler
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000187:drug effects*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002444:Cefuroxime / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002444:Cefuroxime
keywords: Cefuroxime; Endophthalmitis; Intacameral; Post-cataract