title: Investigation on the potential of Mueller matrix imaging for digital staining.
abstract: Digital staining based on Mueller matrix measurements and their derivatives was investigated. Mueller matrix imaging was performed at the microscopic level on gastric tissue sections. Full Mueller matrices (4 × 4) were reconstructed using recorded images, followed by the extraction of polarization parameters. The most effective parameters and their combinations were extracted from Mueller matrix elements, principal component scores and polarization parameters respectively to classify samples into three categories - i.e. cancer, dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia/normal glands for various regions of interest sizes. It was observed that two-step classification yielded higher classification accuracy than the traditional one-step classification and that pixel classification based on Mueller matrix elements yielded higher accuracy than that based on polarization parameters and derived principal components. Moreover, Mueller matrix images with a lower spatial resolution generated higher classification accuracy but those with a higher spatial resolution revealed more morphological details.ns. The original stained image (top) and the digital staining image (bottom).
authors.affiliation: Nanyang Technological University, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Singapore, 637457, Singapore.
authors.forename: Wenfeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National University Health System, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
authors.forename: Lee Guan
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: National University of Singapore, Cancer Science Institute, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
authors.forename: Supriya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: National University of Singapore, Department of Surgery, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bok-Yan So
authors.affiliation: National University of Singapore, Cancer Science Institute, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
authors.forename: Asim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shabbir
authors.affiliation: Nanyang Technological University, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Singapore, 637457, Singapore. quanliu@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007422:Intestines / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Mueller matrix; digital staining; optical diagnosis; polarimetry imaging; tissue polarimetry