title: Thrombosis in vasculitis: from pathogenesis to treatment.
abstract: In recent years, the relationship between inflammation and thrombosis has been deeply investigated and it is now clear that immune and coagulation systems are functionally interconnected. Inflammation-induced thrombosis is by now considered a feature not only of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, but also of systemic vasculitides such as Behçet's syndrome, ANCA-associated vasculitis or giant cells arteritis, especially during active disease. These findings have important consequences in terms of management and treatment. Indeed, Behçet'syndrome requires immunosuppressive agents for vascular involvement rather than anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy, and it is conceivable that also in ANCA-associated vasculitis or large vessel-vasculitis an aggressive anti-inflammatory treatment during active disease could reduce the risk of thrombotic events in early stages. In this review we discuss thrombosis in vasculitides, especially in Behçet's syndrome, ANCA-associated vasculitis and large-vessel vasculitis, and provide pathogenetic and clinical clues for the different specialists involved in the care of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Silvestri
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Squatrito
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.|SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Center for Autoimmune Systemic Diseases-Behçet Center and Lupus Clinic-AOU Careggi Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Amedeo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amedei
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Niccolai
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.|SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Center for Autoimmune Systemic Diseases-Behçet Center and Lupus Clinic-AOU Careggi Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario Milco
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: D'Elios
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Della Bella
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Becatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fiorillo
authors.affiliation: SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Center for Autoimmune Systemic Diseases-Behçet Center and Lupus Clinic-AOU Careggi Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Emmi
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaglio
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, L.go G. Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.|SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Center for Autoimmune Systemic Diseases-Behçet Center and Lupus Clinic-AOU Careggi Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prisco
keywords: ANCA associated vasculitis; Behçet syndrome; Deep vein thrombosis; Inflammation-induced thrombosis; Large vessel vasculitis; Thrombo-embolic disease