title: Conscious sedation for awake craniotomy in intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging operating theater.
abstract: This case report describes the first case in intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging operating theater (iMRI OT) (BrainSuite®) of awake craniotomy for frontal lobe glioma excision in a 24-year-old man undergoing eloquent cortex language mapping intraoperatively. As he was very motivated to take pictures of him while being operated upon, the authors adapted conscious sedation technique with variable depth according to Ramsey's scale, in order to revert to awake state to perform the intended neurosurgical procedure. The patient tolerated the situation satisfactorily and was cooperative till the finish, without any event. We elicit in this report the special environment of iMRI OT for lengthy operation in pinned fixed patient having craniotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohamad Said Maani
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Takrouri
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Firas A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Shubbak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Aisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al Hajjaj
authors.affiliation: Montréal Neurosurgical Institute and hospital, Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: Rolando F Del
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Maestro
authors.affiliation: Neuronavigation Unit and BrainSUITE, Neuroscience Center (020007), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Lahbib
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Soualmi
authors.affiliation: Speech Language pathologist II, Communication and Swallowing Disorders Department, Rehabilitation Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mashael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Alkhodair
authors.affiliation: Speech Language pathologist II, Communication and Swallowing Disorders Department, Rehabilitation Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abrar M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Alduraiby
authors.affiliation: Interventional Radiologist, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Najeeb
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghanem
keywords: Awake craniotomy; intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging operating theater; language mapping; motor testing; neuroanesthesia; scalp block