title: Impact of hypertension and smoking on the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and their joint effect.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In general population, the prevalence of intracranial aneurysm reaches as high as three percent. The goal of the study was to analyze retrospectively the independent risk factors for the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and their joint effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records and angiographies of continuous 519 intracranial aneurysm patients treated at our center between February 2013 and July 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Ruptured group and unruptured group were included in the study according to their clinical and imaging information. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identified independent risk factors for the rupture of intracranial aneurysms. We assessed the joint effect of independent risk factors for the rupture of intracranial aneurysms with an additional logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of multivariate analysis show that hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.18) and smoking (odds ratio [OR], 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-2.33) were independent risk factors for rupture of intracranial aneurysms. The joint risk of hypertension and smoking was higher (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.29-4.02) than the risks of hypertension (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.11-2.72) and smoking (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.05-3.29) independently.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypertension and smoking increase of the rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms. And the joint risk of hypertension and smoking was higher than the risks of hypertension and smoking independently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Huibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, China.
authors.forename: Tangming
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Zenghui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Youxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Chuhan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China. Electronic address: liuaihuadoctor@163.com.
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Hypertension; Intracranial aneurysms; Risk factors; Rupture; Smoking