title: Awareness and Current Use of Electronic Cigarettes in Indonesia, Malaysia, Qatar, and Greece: Findings From 2011-2013 Global Adult Tobacco Surveys.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increases in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) awareness and current use have been documented in high income countries but less is known about middle and low income countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nationally representative household survey data from the first four Global Adult Tobacco Surveys to assess e-cigarettes were analyzed, including Indonesia (2011), Malaysia (2011), Qatar (2013), and Greece (2013). Correlates of e-cigarette awareness and current use were calculated. Sample sizes for Greece and Qatar allowed for further analysis of e-cigarette users.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Awareness of e-cigarettes was 10.9% in Indonesia, 21.0% in Malaysia, 49.0% in Qatar, and 88.5% in Greece. In all four countries, awareness was higher among male, younger, more educated, and wealthier respondents. Current e-cigarette use among those aware of e-cigarettes was 3.9% in Malaysia, 2.5% in Indonesia, 2.2% in Greece and 1.8% in Qatar. Across these four countries, an estimated 818 500 people are currently using e-cigarettes. Among current e-cigarette users, 64.4% in Greece and 84.1% in Qatar also smoked cigarettes, and, 10.6% in Greece and 6.0% in Qatar were never-smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  E-cigarette awareness and use was evident in all four countries. Ongoing surveillance and monitoring of awareness and use of e-cigarettes in these and other countries could help inform tobacco control policies and public health interventions. Future surveillance should monitor use of e-cigarettes among current smokers and uptake among never-smokers and relapsing former smokers.
authors.affiliation: Global Tobacco Control Branch, Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA; gou8@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Krishna Mohan
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Palipudi
authors.affiliation: Global Tobacco Control Branch, Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA;
authors.forename: Lazarous
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mbulo
authors.affiliation: Global Tobacco Control Branch, Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA;
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.affiliation: Global Tobacco Control Branch, Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA;
authors.forename: Lazarous
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mbulo
authors.affiliation: Office of Smoking and Health, NCCDPHP, CDC, Atlanta, GA;
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bunnell
authors.affiliation: Global Tobacco Control Branch, Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA;
authors.forename: Glenda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blutcher-Nelson
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia;
authors.forename: Soewarta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kosen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
authors.forename: Guat Hiong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Tee
authors.affiliation: Public Health Department, Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar;
authors.forename: Amani Mohamed Elkhatim
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abdalla
authors.affiliation: Public Health Department, Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar;
authors.forename: Kholood Ateeq Al
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Mutawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece;
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbouni
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece;
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Antoniadou
authors.affiliation: Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt;
authors.forename: Heba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fouad
authors.affiliation: Regional Office for Europe, World Health Organization, Copenhagen, Denmark;
authors.forename: Rula N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.affiliation: Western Pacific Regional Office, World Health Organization, Manila, Philippines;
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rarick
authors.affiliation: South-East Asia Regional Office, World Health Organization, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Dhirendra N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.affiliation: Global Tobacco Control Branch, Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA;
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001364:Awareness; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011634:Public Health / Q000639:trends; D011780:Qatar / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000639:trends*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult; D062789:Tobacco Products