title: The resurrection genome of Boea hygrometrica: A blueprint for survival of dehydration.
abstract: "Drying without dying" is an essential trait in land plant evolution. Unraveling how a unique group of angiosperms, the Resurrection Plants, survive desiccation of their leaves and roots has been hampered by the lack of a foundational genome perspective. Here we report the ∼1,691-Mb sequenced genome of Boea hygrometrica, an important resurrection plant model. The sequence revealed evidence for two historical genome-wide duplication events, a compliment of 49,374 protein-coding genes, 29.15% of which are unique (orphan) to Boea and 20% of which (9,888) significantly respond to desiccation at the transcript level. Expansion of early light-inducible protein (ELIP) and 5S rRNA genes highlights the importance of the protection of the photosynthetic apparatus during drying and the rapid resumption of protein synthesis in the resurrection capability of Boea. Transcriptome analysis reveals extensive alternative splicing of transcripts and a focus on cellular protection strategies. The lack of desiccation tolerance-specific genome organizational features suggests the resurrection phenotype evolved mainly by an alteration in the control of dehydration response genes.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Liechi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China;
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China;
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Zhongzhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China;
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China;
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China;
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Haijing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Guipeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
authors.forename: Legong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;
authors.forename: Tingyun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China;
authors.forename: Chengbin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and jkzhu@purdue.edu Mel.Oliver@ars.usda.gov yhe@cnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jian-Kang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Plant Genetics Research Unit, Midwest Area, Agricultural Research Service, United State Department of Agriculture, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 jkzhu@purdue.edu Mel.Oliver@ars.usda.gov yhe@cnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Melvin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; jkzhu@purdue.edu Mel.Oliver@ars.usda.gov yhe@cnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yikun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D003890:Desiccation; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D010788:Photosynthesis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012341:RNA, Ribosomal, 5S / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D012341:RNA, Ribosomal, 5S
keywords: Boea hygrometrica; drought tolerance enhancement; genome; resurrection plant; vegetative desiccation tolerance