title: The relationship between insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese non-diabetic Turkish individuals: A pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is related to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome may also be encountered in non-obese, non-diabetic individuals, and there are no published data about the prevalence of these conditions in non-obese, non-diabetic Turkish subjects. We aimed to determine the difference between non-obese, non-diabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients and healthy controls in terms of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in Turkish subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-obese, non-diabetic individuals (n=219) were enrolled. The cohort was divided into two groups according to presence of steatosis in ultrasonography: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease group (n=143) and healthy control group (n=76). Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome were analyzed and compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalences of metabolic syndrome (32.2% vs. 5.3%, respectively; p<0.001) and insulin resistance (46.2% vs. 9.2%, respectively; p<0.001) were significantly higher in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease group. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, age (odds ratio 1.534; p=0.0032), insulin resistance (odds ratio 1.074; p<0.001), and serum ALT levels (odds ratio 1.102; p<0.001) were independently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome are not rare in non-obese, non-diabetic Turkish subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Ultrasonographically detected fatty liver was independently associated with insulin resistance, irrespective of the presence of metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. gcanbaloglu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Gülbanu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erkan
authors.forename: Irmak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sayın
authors.forename: Fatma Betül
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Çorakçı
authors.forename: Gökçe Kaan
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Ataç
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Değertekin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D055815:Young Adult; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase