title: Persistent and emerging micro-organic contaminants in Chalk groundwater of England and France.
abstract: The Chalk aquifer of Northern Europe is an internationally important source of drinking water and sustains baseflow for surface water ecosystems. The areal distribution of microorganic (MO) contaminants, particularly non-regulated emerging MOs, in this aquifer is poorly understood. This study presents results from a reconnaissance survey of MOs in Chalk groundwater, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products and pesticides and their transformation products, conducted across the major Chalk aquifers of England and France. Data from a total of 345 sites collected during 2011 were included in this study to provide a representative baseline assessment of MO occurrence in groundwater. A suite of 42 MOs were analysed for at each site including industrial compounds (n=16), pesticides (n=14) and pharmaceuticals, personal care and lifestyle products (n=12). Occurrence data is evaluated in relation to land use, aquifer exposure, well depth and depth to groundwater to provide an understanding of vulnerable groundwater settings.
authors.affiliation: British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK. Electronic address: djla@bgs.ac.uk.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lapworth
authors.affiliation: Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, BP 6009, 45060 Orléans, Cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Baran
authors.affiliation: British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.affiliation: British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Manamsa
authors.affiliation: British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Talbot
mesh_terms: D002110:Caffeine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004739:England; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005060:Europe; D005602:France; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002220:Carbamazepine; D002110:Caffeine
keywords: Chalk aquifer; Emerging contaminants; Groundwater; Microorganics; Pesticides; Pharmaceuticals