title: Retrospective evaluation of ProcalAmine administration in a population of hospitalized ICU dogs: 36 cases (2010-2013).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the use of ProcalAmine as a source of parenteral nutrition in hospitalized dogs and to report complications possibly referable to its use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private veterinary teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six dogs hospitalized in ICU receiving ProcalAmine between October 2010 and March 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common underlying disease process in this population of dogs was trauma (n = 8). Median duration of administration was 4 days and median resting energy requirement provided via ProcalAmine was 33%. ProcalAmine was administered via central catheters in 86% of cases and via peripheral catheters in 14% of cases. The overall mechanical complication rate was 19%. Metabolic complications possibly associated with ProcalAmine administration were documented in 12/36 dogs. Hyponatremia was most commonly identified (n = 6) followed by hyperglycemia (n = 4), hypochloremia (n = 2), azotemia (n = 2), metabolic alkalosis (n = 2), hyperchloremia (n = 1), and metabolic acidosis (n = 1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ProcalAmine appears to be relatively safe and a viable option for parenteral nutrition in ill and injured dogs. Due to the potential for electrolyte derangements and other metabolic complications, daily monitoring of these parameters is advisable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care, The Animal Medical Center New York, NY, 10065.
authors.forename: Natasha V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Olan
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care, The Animal Medical Center New York, NY, 10065.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prittie
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002404:Catheterization / Q000662:veterinary; D003422:Critical Care; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014730:Veterinary Medicine
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004573:Electrolytes; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions; C052903:ProcalAmine; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: PPN; TPN; amino acids; parenteral nutrition; protein