title: Remyelination by Resident Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in a Xenopus laevis Inducible Model of Demyelination.
abstract: We have generated a Xenopus laevis transgenic line, MBP-GFP-NTR, allowing conditional ablation of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. In this transgenic line the transgene is driven by the proximal portion of the myelin basic protein regulatory sequence, specific to mature oligodendrocytes. The transgene protein is formed by the green fluorescent protein reporter fused to the Escherichia coli nitroreductase (NTR) selection enzyme. The NTR enzyme converts the innocuous prodrug metronidazole (MTZ) to a cytotoxin. Ablation of oligodendrocytes by MTZ treatment of the tadpole induced demyelination, and here we show that myelin debris are subsequently eliminated by microglial cells. After cessation of MTZ treatment, remyelination proceeded spontaneously. We questioned the origin of remyelinating cells. Our data suggest that Sox10+ oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which are already present in the optic nerve prior to the experimentally induced demyelination, are responsible for remyelination, and this required only minimal (if any) cell division of OPCs. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités UPMC Université Paris-6, UM-75, ICM-GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sowmya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekizar
authors.forename: Abdelkrim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mannioui
authors.forename: Loris
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Azoyan
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colin
authors.forename: Jean-Léon
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Du Pasquier
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mallat
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zalc
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008795:Metronidazole