title: Adenovirus-mediated expression of human sodium-iodide symporter gene permits in vivo tracking of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in a canine myocardial infarction model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In vivo tracking of the transplanted stem cells is important in pre-clinical research of stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction. We examined the feasibility of adenovirus-mediated sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene to cell tracking imaging of transplanted stem cells in a canine infarcted myocardium by clinical single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Beagle dogs were injected intramyocardially with NIS-expressing adenovirus-transfected canine stem cells (Ad-hNIS-canine ADSCs) a week after myocardial infarction (MI) development. (99m)Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ((99m)Tc-MIBI) and (99m)Tc-pertechnetate ((99m)TcO4(-)) SPECT imaging were performed for assessment of infarcted myocardium and viable stem cell tracking. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to monitor any functional cardiac changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was decreased after LAD ligation. There was no significant difference in EF between the groups with the stem cell or saline injection. (125)I uptake was higher in Ad-hNIS-canine ADSCs than in non-transfected ADSCs. Cell proliferation and differentiation were not affected by hNIS-carrying adenovirus transfection. (99m)Tc-MIBI myocardial SPECT imaging showed decreased radiotracer uptake in the infarcted apex and mid-anterolateral regions. Ad-hNIS-canine ADSCs were identified as a region of focally increased (99m)TcO4(-) uptake at the lateral wall and around the apex of the left ventricle, peaked at 2 days and was observed until day 9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination of adenovirus-mediated NIS gene transfection and clinical nuclear imaging modalities enables to trace the fate of transplanted stem cells in infarcted myocardium for translational in vivo cell tracking study for prolonged duration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: alvetrad09@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ah Ra
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, K-STEMCELL Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Yeoun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Noh Won
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Hye
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Soep
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Nahm
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Hwan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ran Ji
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joo Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: yjlee@kirams.re.kr.
authors.forename: Yong Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: eomkd@konkuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ki Dong
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Eom
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D058948:Cell Tracking / Q000379:methods*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D027981:Symporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D027981:Symporters; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
keywords: Adenovirus; Myocardial infarction; NIS gene; Nuclear imaging; Stem cell tracking