title: 3D-nanostructured boron-doped diamond for microelectrode array neural interfacing.
abstract: The electrode material is a key element in the design of long-term neural implants and neuroprostheses. To date, the ideal electrode material offering high longevity, biocompatibility, low-noise recording and high stimulation capabilities remains to be found. We show that 3D-nanostructured boron doped diamond (BDD), an innovative material consisting in a chemically stable material with a high aspect ratio structure obtained by encapsulation of a carbon nanotube template within two BDD nanolayers, allows neural cell attachment, survival and neurite extension. Further, we developed arrays of 20-μm-diameter 3D-nanostructured BDD microelectrodes for neural interfacing. These microelectrodes exhibited low impedances and low intrinsic recording noise levels. In particular, they allowed the detection of low amplitude (10-20 μV) local-field potentials, single units and multiunit bursts neural activity in both acute whole embryonic hindbrain-spinal cord preparations and long-term hippocampal cell cultures. Also, cyclic voltammetry measurements showed a wide potential window of about 3 V and a charge storage capacity of 10 mC.cm(-2), showing high potentiality of this material for neural stimulation. These results demonstrate the attractiveness of 3D-nanostructured BDD as a novel material for neural interfacing, with potential applications for the design of biocompatible neural implants for the exploration and rehabilitation of the nervous system.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UA01, Clinatec Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center Edmond J. Safra, F-38 000 Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, UA01, Clinatec Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center Edmond J. Safra, F-38 000 Grenoble, France; CEA, LETI, Clinatec, F-38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: gaelle.offranc-piret@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piret
authors.affiliation: CEA, LIST, Diamond Sensors Laboratory, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. Electronic address: clement.hebert@cea.fr.
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hébert
authors.affiliation: Thales Research & Technology, Palaiseau, 91767 Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mazellier
authors.affiliation: ESIEE-Paris, ESYCOM, University Paris EST, Cité Descartes BP99, Noisy-Le-Grand F-93160, France.
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.affiliation: CEA, LIST, Diamond Sensors Laboratory, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scorsone
authors.affiliation: ESIEE-Paris, ESYCOM, University Paris EST, Cité Descartes BP99, Noisy-Le-Grand F-93160, France.
authors.forename: Myline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cottance
authors.affiliation: ESIEE-Paris, ESYCOM, University Paris EST, Cité Descartes BP99, Noisy-Le-Grand F-93160, France.
authors.forename: Gaelle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lissorgues
authors.affiliation: Qwane Biosciences SA, EPFL Innovation Park, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marc O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Heuschkel
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U968, Institut de la Vision, Paris F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S968, Institut de la Vision, Paris F-75012, France; CNRS UMR7210, Institut de la Vision, Paris 75012, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Picaud
authors.affiliation: CEA, LIST, Diamond Sensors Laboratory, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bergonzo
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UA01, Clinatec Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center Edmond J. Safra, F-38 000 Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, UA01, Clinatec Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center Edmond J. Safra, F-38 000 Grenoble, France; CEA, LETI, Clinatec, F-38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: blaise.yvert@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Blaise
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yvert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001895:Boron; D018130:Diamond; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008839:Microelectrodes; D058117:Neural Prostheses; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018130:Diamond; D001895:Boron
keywords: Biocompatibility; Electrical stimulation; Electrode; Electrophysiology; Neural prosthesis; Neural recording