title: Detection and identification of a novel 16SrXIII subgroup phytoplasma associated with strawberry red leaf disease in Argentina.
abstract: Strawberry red leaf phytoplasma was found in strawberry plants from production fields in Lules (Tucumán province) and Bella Vista (Corrientes province), Argentina. Characteristic strawberry red leaf symptoms were stunting, young leaves with yellowing at the edges, mature leaves which curled and were reddish at the abaxial face, flower and fruit deformation and death. The pathogen was detected with phytoplasma-universal primer pairs P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2 as nested primers in 13 diseased plants. Based on RFLP and sequence analysis of the amplified 16S rRNA gene, the phytoplasma was related to the 16SrXIII group (Mexican periwinkle virescence). In silico the RFLP profile of all the samples analysed revealed the presence of a unique pattern, showing that the novel phytoplasma is different from all the phytoplasmas currently composing the 16SrXIII group. The phylogenetic analysis was consistent with RFLP analysis as the strawberry red leaf phytoplasma was grouped within the 16SrXIII group, but formed a particular cluster. On this basis, the Strawberry red leaf phytoplasma associated with strawberry red leaf disease was assigned to a new subgroup, 16SrXIII-F.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino a 60 cuadras km 5 ½. (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Franco D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá-INTA, Ruta Prov. 301 km 32 (4132), Famaillá, Tucumán, Argentina.
authors.forename: Natalia G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Meneguzzi
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino a 60 cuadras km 5 ½. (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Fabiana A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Guzmán
authors.affiliation: Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá-INTA, Ruta Prov. 301 km 32 (4132), Famaillá, Tucumán, Argentina.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kirschbaum
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino a 60 cuadras km 5 ½. (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina.|Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
authors.forename: Vilma C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Conci
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino a 60 cuadras km 5 ½. (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Claudia F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Nome
authors.affiliation: Universidad Católica de Córdoba; UCC, Córdoba, Argentina.|Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino a 60 cuadras km 5 ½. (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Luis R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Conci
mesh_terms: D001118:Argentina; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D031985:Fragaria / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D045582:Phytoplasma / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S