title: Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection in the last decade among entry travelers in Yunnan Province, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Yunnan is not only considered the region with the most concerning human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 prevalence, but is also the central hub for the spread of HIV-1 from Southeast Asia to the other provinces of China. Yunnan has the highest proportion of entry travelers who have transmitted HIV from neighbored Southeast Asian countries to mainland of China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2003 and 2012, we recruited 280,961 entry travelers at land ports located in 7 bordering prefectures respectively in the Yunnan Province for HIV-1 screening. Based on the detection of HIV-1 antibody, the HIV-1 infection rate was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the recruited entry travelers, 2380 were determined HIV-1 positive with infection rate of 0.85%. Travelers entering the Dehong port had the highest HIV-1 infection rate (5.12%), followed by those entering Baoshan (0.88%), Lincang (0.83%), and Honghe (0.71%). For all HIV-1 positive cases, travelers aged 21-30 and 31-40 were the most commonly infected individuals, accounting for 38.45% and 37.77% of all cases, respectively. The most common occupation of the infected population was driver (42.38%), and the proportion of industrials had increased yearly. Based on the reported risk factors, sexual transmission was the main HIV-1 infection route (77.11%) of this population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have clarified the rate of HIV-1 infection among this bridge population. The characteristics of HIV-1 positive population and high geographical heterogeneity have provided the necessary epidemiological data for monitoring the HIV-1 epidemic among cross-border travelers in Yunnan and to further understand the cross-border spreading of the HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering & Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. binghuiwang@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Binghui
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Care Center for International Travel Health in Yunnan, Kunming, China. ynkmlyb@163.com.
authors.forename: Yaobo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering & Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. fyky2005@163.com.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Care Center for International Travel Health in Yunnan, Kunming, China. lypciq@126.com.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering & Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. yajuanwang1990@163.com.
authors.forename: Yajuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering & Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. zam1980@yeah.net.
authors.forename: A-Mei
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering & Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. znbalooch@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Zulqarnain
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Baloch
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering & Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. liuli2272@163.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Care Center for International Travel Health in Yunnan, Kunming, China. qinwh19@sina.com.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering & Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. oliverxia2000@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Xueshan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014195:Travel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies