title: Pediatric-based intervention to motivate mothers to seek follow-up for depression screens: The Motivating Our Mothers (MOM) trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the initial effectiveness of a novel, pediatric office-based intervention in motivating mothers to seek further assessment of positive depression screens.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this pilot randomized controlled trial, English-speaking mothers (n = 104) with positive 2-question depression screens and presenting with children 0 to 12 years old for well-child care to a general pediatric training clinic received interventions from a trained research assistant. The Motivating Our Mothers (MOM) intervention included office-based written and verbal targeted depression education and motivational messages encouraging further depression assessment and a semistructured telephone booster delivered 2 days later. The control intervention included nontargeted written and verbal messages and 2 days later, an attention control telephone survey. Both groups received a list of depression care resources. The primary outcome was the proportion of mothers in each group who reported trying to contact any of 6 types of resources to discuss the positive screen at 2 weeks after intervention (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01453790).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite 6 contact attempts, 10 MOM and 9 control mothers were lost to follow-up. More mothers in the MOM intervention tried to contact a resource compared to control (73.8% vs 53.5%, difference 20.3%, 95% confidence interval for difference -0.1 to 38.5, P = .052).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mothers receiving the MOM intervention made more attempts to contact a resource for follow-up of positive depression screens. If found effective in larger studies, MOM may prove a promising approach for motivating depression screen-positive mothers identified in general pediatric settings within and beyond the postpartum period to seek further depression assessment and support.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, Calif. Electronic address: erik.fernandez@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernandez y Garcia
authors.affiliation: Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis, Sacramento, Calif.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Translational Science Center, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Sacramento, Calif.
authors.forename: Machelle D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, Calif.
authors.forename: Ladson
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hinton
authors.affiliation: Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, Wash.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, Wash.
authors.forename: Evette
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ludman
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, Calif.
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, Calif.
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kravitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D009042:Motivation; D062405:Motivational Interviewing / Q000379:methods*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: depression care seeking; maternal depression; motivational intervention; primary care; screening