title: Detection and characterization of a human G9P[4] rotavirus strain in Japan.
abstract: In a surveillance system in Osaka City, Japan, 48 sporadic rotavirus A (RVA) infections were detected during 2008/2009-2011/2012 seasons. The G/P-genotypes of detected RVAs were G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G9P[4], and G9P[8]. Although G9P[4] is a rare genotype that had not been reported in Japan, it was the second most prevalent genotype, following G1P[8], and accounted for 35.3% of RVA cases in the 2011/2012 season. Further genotyping revealed that the G9P[4] strain had genotype 2 internal protein genes except for NSP3: G9-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T1-E2-H2. Among detected RVA strains, G9P[4] and some G9P[8] strains shared high nucleotide identity in VP7 and NSP3 genes. Phylogenetic and BLAST search analyses showed that the G9P[4] strain in Japan shared high nucleotide identity in genotype 2 genes with common G2P[4] strains circulating globally, but was distinct from other G9P[4] strains circulating worldwide. These results suggest that the G9P[4] strain in Japan may have emerged through an independent reassortment between G9P[8] and G2P[4]. Finally, the role of NSP3 protein in the circulating RVA from an amino acid comparison between T1- and T2-type NSP3 is discussed. These findings provide an important insight into less problematic combinations of circulating RVA genes derived from different genotypes.
authors.affiliation: Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaida
authors.affiliation: Osaka Saiseikai Izuo Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.affiliation: Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iritani
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Japan; NSP3; gastroenteritis; genomic constellation; rotavirus