title: Neurochemical impact of bisphenol A in the hippocampus and cortex of adult male albino rats.
abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, is widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonated plastics and epoxy resins and line metal beverage cans. Growing evidence suggests that BPA acts directly on neuronal functions as it is lipophilic and could accumulate in the brain. The present study aims to investigate the effect of two doses of BPA (10 mg/kg for 6 and 10 weeks and 25 mg/kg for 6 weeks) on excitatory (glutamate and aspartate) and inhibitory (γ-aminobutyric acid, glycine, and taurine) amino acid neurotransmitter levels in the cortex and hippocampus. This study extends to investigate the effect of BPA on acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity and some oxidative stress parameters in the two regions. In the cortex, a significant increase in the excitatory and a significant decrease in the inhibitory amino acids occurred after BPA (10 mg/kg for 10 weeks and 25 mg/kg for 6 weeks). This was accompanied by a significant increase in lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and reduced glutathione after 6 weeks of BPA (25 mg/kg). In the hippocampus, a significant increase in the excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters occurred after 6 weeks of BPA. Hippocampal lipid peroxidation increased significantly after BPA exposure and hippocampal reduced glutathione increased significantly after 6 weeks of BPA exposure (10 mg/kg). BPA induced a significant increase in cortical and hippocampal AchE activity. The present neurochemical changes in the cortex and hippocampus suggest that BPA induced a state of excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. This may raise concerns about the exposure of humans to BPA due to its wide applications in industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physiology, Medical Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt yaserask@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Yasser A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Khadrawy
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Neveen A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Noor
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Iman M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Mourad
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Heba S Aboul
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ezz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects; D059550:Toxicity Tests, Subchronic; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005978:Glutathione; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Bisphenol A; amino acid neurotransmitters; cortex; hippocampus; oxidative stress; rat