title: Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Chest Wall: Report of Pediatric Cases.
abstract: Necrotizing fasciitis is a soft tissue infection uncommonly described in children and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not treated early and aggressively. Reports of cases involving the upper torso are rare in general. In adults, necrotizing fasciitis is most commonly described in the abdomen, perineum, and extremities. For children, particularly neonates, necrotizing fasciitis most commonly involves the trunk presenting as omphalitis. In this report, we describe 2 pediatric cases of necrotizing fasciitis of the chest wall that presented within 6 months from each other at Los Angeles County Hospital/University of Southern California Pediatric Emergency Department. Both cases involved previously healthy children with above normal body mass indices of 36 and 25.6, respectively. These cases are noteworthy because of the rarity of necrotizing fasciitis among children especially in the chest wall, atypical presentation with nonspecific symptoms which made the diagnosis challenging, and suggestion that obesity may be a potential risk factor. Despite the rarity of this disease, the information presented in these cases may aid in raising the index of suspicion for diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Emergency Medicine, *Antelope Valley Hospital, Lancaster; †Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego; and ‡Los Angeles County, USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meeks
authors.forename: Liza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kearl
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019115:Fasciitis, Necrotizing / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D018461:Soft Tissue Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D035441:Thoracic Wall / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*