title: [Advances on Lepidii Semen and Descurainiae Semen].
abstract: "Tinglizi", the ripe seed of Descurainia sophia and Lepidium apetalum, is a member of Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). Traditionally, the former is called "Nantinglizi" (Descurainiae Semen) while the latter is called "Beitinglizi" (Lepidii Semen). In the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, it has the power to purge lung-fire, relieve dyspnea, promote diuresis and reduce edema, and it is mainly indicated in a case with phlegm-fluid accumulation, cough with excessive sputum, dyspnea with being unable to lie, and general swelling. In view of its wide-spread application in clinic, a comprehensive review of Lepidii Semen and Descurainiae Semen was conducted from the following aspects: herbalogical study, variety identification, historical evolution of processing, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, quantitative determination and toxicity which could provide reference for further research and development of "Tinglizi".
authors.forename: Xi-dan
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Li-ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Guo-hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhen-zhen
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhu-ju
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000188:drug therapy; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D029686:Lepidium / Q000737:chemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D015394:Molecular Structure; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal