title: Lost in translation: dietary management of cardiovascular risk factors is seldom implemented.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess dietary management of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study conducted between 2009 and 2012 on 4811 participants (2567 women, 58±11years) living in Lausanne, Switzerland.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen percent of participants diagnosed with overweight/obesity reported a slimming diet. Slimming diet was associated with diagnosis of hypertension: Odds ratio and (95% confidence interval): 0.61 (0.40-0.93); older age [0.84 (0.58-1.21), 0.79 (0.53-1.18) and 0.47 (0.27-0.81) for [50-60[, [60-70[ and [70+ years, respectively]; female gender [1.84 (1.36-2.48)] and diagnosis of diabetes [2.16 (1.13-4.12)]. Only 8% of participants diagnosed with hypertension reported a low-salt diet. Low-salt diet was associated with antihypertensive drug treatment [2.17 (1.28-3.68)] and diagnosis of diabetes [2.72 (1.26-5.86)]. One-third of participants diagnosed with dyslipidemia reported a low-fat diet. Low-fat diet was associated with female gender [1.47 (1.17-1.86)]; older age [1.29 (0.89-1.87), 1.71 (1.18-2.48) and 2.01 (1.33-3.03) for [50-60[, [60-70[ and [70+ years, respectively]; hypolipidemic drug treatment [OR=1.68 (1.29-2.18)]; current smoking [0.70 (0.51-0.96)] and obesity [0.67 (0.45-1.00)]. Approximately half of participants diagnosed with diabetes reported an antidiabetic diet. Antidiabetic diet was associated with current smoking [0.44 (0.22-0.88)] and antidiabetic drug treatment [OR=3.26 (1.81-5.86)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary management of CVRFs is seldom implemented in Switzerland.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Matthieu.Grange@unil.ch.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grange
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Ana-Lucia.Mayen-Chacon@chuv.ch.
authors.forename: Ana-Lucia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mayén
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland; Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of primary care medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland. Electronic address: Idris.Guessous@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: Idris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guessous
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Gerard.Waeber@chuv.ch.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Waeber
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Peter.Vollenweider@chuv.ch.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vollenweider
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Pedro-Manuel.Marques-Vidal@chuv.ch.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marques-Vidal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000178:diet therapy; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000178:diet therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D013557:Switzerland
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Diabetes; Dietary prevention; Dyslipidemia; Epidemiology; Hypertension; Switzerland