title: In vitro flow investigations in the aortic arch during cardiopulmonary bypass with stereo-PIV.
abstract: The cardiopulmonary bypass is related to complications like stroke or hypoxia. The cannula jet is suspected to be one reason for these complications, due to the sandblast effect on the vessel wall. Several in silico and in vitro studies investigated the underlying mechanisms, but the applied experimental flow measurement techniques were not able to address the highly three-dimensional flow character with a satisfying resolution. In this work in vitro flow measurements in a cannulated and a non-cannulated aortic silicone model are presented. Stereo particle image velocimetry measurements in multiple planes were carried out. By assembling the data of the different measurement planes, quasi 3D velocity fields with a resolution of~1.5×1.5×2.5 mm(3) were obtained. The resulting velocity fields have been compared regarding magnitude, streamlines and vorticity. The presented method shows to be a suitable in vitro technique to measure and address the three-dimensional aortic CPB cannula flow with a high temporal and spatial resolution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. Electronic address: buesen@hia.rwth-aachen.de.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Büsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Tim A S
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neidlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Steinseifer
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Sonntag
mesh_terms: D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000502:physiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002404:Catheterization; D006439:Hemodynamics; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D012212:Rheology
keywords: Aortic flow; Cannulation; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Particle image velocimetry