title: Exploring risk and protective factors with a community sample of American Indian adolescents who attempted suicide.
abstract: American Indian adolescents are at disproportionate risk for suicide, and community-based studies of this population, which allow a deeper understanding of risks and resilience to inform interventions, are rare. This is a cross-sectional study of N = 71 Apache adolescents. Strengths include the role of the community and American Indian paraprofessionals in the design, implementation, and interpretation of findings. Participants were M = 16.0 years old, 65% female, and 69% multiple attempters. Risks included suicidal behavior among peers and family (68%), caregivers with substance problems (62%), and participant substance use history, namely alcohol (91%) and marijuana (88%). Areas of resiliency included lower depression scores (M = 23.1) and cultural activity participation. A multi-tiered intervention at individual, family, and community levels is needed.
authors.affiliation: a Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland , USA.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cwik
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barlow
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tingey
authors.forename: Novalene
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goklish
authors.forename: Francene
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Larzelere-Hinton
authors.forename: Mariddie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Walkup
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044467:American Indian or Alaska Native / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D065840:Protective Factors; D011580:Psychological Techniques; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012307:Risk Factors; D012944:Social Support; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016549:United States Indian Health Service
keywords: American Indian; adolescence; community-based; suicide attempts