title: Efficacy of 1% carboxymethylcellulose sodium for treating dry eye after phacoemulsification: results from a multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For patients who experience dry eye after phacoemulsification, vision and quality of life can significantly deteriorate. In this study, the efficacy and safety of carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) 1% ophthalmic solution combined with conventional therapy in treating dry eye signs and symptoms after phacoemulsification were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, multicenter, open-label, controlled study, 180 patients with age-related cataract were randomized to treatment with conventional therapy plus CMC 1% (n = 90) or to conventional therapy only (control group, n = 90) after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Tear breakup time (TBUT), the Schirmer test with anesthesia, and fluorescein and lissamine green staining were performed. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and a patient subjective symptom evaluation were administered preoperatively (baseline) and postoperatively at 7 and 30 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TBUT was significantly longer in the treatment group compared with the control group at day 7 (8.5 ± 5.5 versus 6.6 ± 3.8 s; P = 0.0475) and day 30 (9.0 ± 5.9 versus 6.7 ± 4.8 s; P = 0.0258) after surgery. Compared with baseline, TBUT significantly increased in patients in the treatment group (P < 0.001 at both day 7 and day 30) with a presurgical diagnosis of dry eye, but significantly decreased in patients in the control group (P < 0.02 at both day 7 and day 30) with no prior diagnosis of dry eye. Fluorescein and lissamine staining, OSDI questionnaire and subjective symptom scores all improved from baseline, with no significant differences between the two groups. No significant differences in tolerability and safety were observed between the group receiving CMC and conventional therapy, and those receiving conventional therapy only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with CMC 1% can provide significant improvement in tear film stability after phacoemulsification for age-related cataract.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02028754 (Date of registration: Jan. 6, 2014).
authors.affiliation: Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. xlren@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. drbaoyz@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yongzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. yejian1979@163.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. luyiox@163.com.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Shandong Shierming Eye Hospital, Jinan, China. bihongsheng@126.com.
authors.forename: Hongsheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China. tangprofessor@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China. 13819707056@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yune
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. cmu4h-zjs@126.com.
authors.forename: Jinsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Allergan Information Consulting (Shanghai) Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China. yang_jinlin@allergan.com.
authors.forename: Jinling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium