title: Clinical associations of anti-Smith antibodies in PROFILE: a multi-ethnic lupus cohort.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the association of anti-Sm antibodies with clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and disease damage in a large multi-ethnic SLE cohort. SLE patients (per American College of Rheumatology criteria), age ≥16 years, disease duration ≤10 years at enrollment, and defined ethnicity (African American, Hispanic or Caucasian), from a longitudinal US cohort were studied. Socioeconomic-demographic features, cumulative clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and disease damage (as per the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Damage Index [SDI]) were determined. The association of anti-Sm antibodies with clinical features was examined using multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, disease duration, level of education, health insurance, and smoking. A total of 2322 SLE patients were studied. The mean (standard deviation, SD) age at diagnosis was 34.4 (12.8) years and the mean (SD) disease duration was 9.0 (7.9) years; 2127 (91.6%) were women. Anti-Sm antibodies were present in 579 (24.9%) patients. In the multivariable analysis, anti-Sm antibodies were significantly associated with serositis, renal involvement, psychosis, vasculitis, Raynaud's phenomenon, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, and arterial hypertension. No significant association was found for damage accrual. In this cohort of SLE patients, anti-Sm antibodies were associated with several clinical features including serious manifestations such as renal, neurologic, and hematologic disorders as well as vasculitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, PO Box 365067, San Juan, PR, 00936-5067, USA.
authors.forename: Mariangelí
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arroyo-Ávila
authors.forename: Yesenia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Santiago-Casas
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McGwin
authors.forename: Ryan S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Cantor
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petri
authors.forename: Rosalind
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramsey-Goldman
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Reveille
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kimberly
authors.forename: Graciela S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Alarcón
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Vilá
authors.forename: Elizabeth E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000737:chemistry; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D014481:United States; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear