title: Xenotransplantation of cryopreserved human ovarian tissue--a systematic review of MII oocyte maturation and discussion of it as a realistic option for restoring fertility after cancer treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To systematically review the reporting of MII (MII) oocyte development after xenotransplantation of human ovarian tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formation of MII oocytes after xenotransplantation of human ovarian tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Any outcome reported in Pubmed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six publications were identified that report on formation of MII oocytes after xenotransplantation of human ovarian tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Xenografting of human ovarian tissue has proved to be a useful model for examining ovarian function and follicle development in vivo. With human follicles that have matured through xenografting, the possibility of cancer transmission and relapse can also be eliminated, because cancer cells are not able to penetrate the zona pellucida. The reported studies have demonstrated that xenografted ovarian tissue from a range of species, including humans, can produce antral follicles that contain mature (MII) oocytes, and it has been shown that mice oocytes have the potential to give rise to live young. Although some ethical questions remain unresolved, xenotransplantation may be a promising method for restoring fertility. This review furthermore describes the value of xenotransplantation as a tool in reproductive biology and discusses the ethical and potential safety issues regarding ovarian tissue xenotransplantation as a means of recovering fertility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. Electronic address: ralf.dittrich@uk-erlangen.de.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dittrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lotz
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fehm
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krüssel
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Women's Hospital, Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Wolff
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Ruprecht-Karls University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van der Ven
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UKM Kinderwunschzentrum, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Schüring
authors.affiliation: Fertility Center Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Würfel
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Beckmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval / Q000379:methods*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000637:transplantation*; D009866:Oogenesis; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
keywords: Fertility preservation; ovarian tissue cryopreservation; ovarian tissue xenotransplantation