Architecture and migration of an epithelium on a cylindrical wire.
In a wide range of epithelial tissues such as kidney tubules or breast acini, cells organize into bidimensional monolayers experiencing an out-of-plane curvature. Cancer cells can also migrate collectively from epithelial tumors by wrapping around vessels or muscle fibers. However, in vitro experiments dealing with epithelia are mostly performed on flat substrates, neglecting this out-of-plane component. In this paper, we study the development and migration of epithelial tissues on glass wires of well-defined radii varying from less than 1 µm up to 85 µm. To uncouple the effect of out-of-plane curvature from the lateral confinement experienced by the cells in these geometries, we compare our results to experiments performed on narrow adhesive tracks. Because of lateral confinement, the velocity of collective migration increases for radii smaller than typically 20 µm. The monolayer dynamics is then controlled by front-edge protrusions. Conversely, high curvature is identified as the inducer of frequent cell detachments at the front edge, a phenotype reminiscent of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. High curvature also induces a circumferential alignment of the actin cytoskeleton, stabilized by multiple focal adhesions. This organization of the cytoskeleton is reminiscent of in vivo situations such as the development of the trachea of the Drosophila embryo. Finally, submicron radii halt the monolayer, which then reconfigures into hollow cysts.
Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche - Paris Sciences et Lettres, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Sorbonne Universités, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75248 Paris, France.
Hannah G
HG
Yevick
Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche - Paris Sciences et Lettres, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Sorbonne Universités, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75248 Paris, France.
Guillaume
G
Duclos
Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche - Paris Sciences et Lettres, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Sorbonne Universités, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75248 Paris, France.
Isabelle
I
Bonnet
Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche - Paris Sciences et Lettres, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Sorbonne Universités, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75248 Paris, France pascal.silberzan@curie.fr.
Pascal
P
Silberzan
D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D004330:Drosophila / Q000196:embryology; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D004848:Epithelium / Q000502:physiology*; D022001:Focal Adhesions; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D007834:Lasers; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009132:Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010641:Phenotype; D014132:Trachea / Q000196:embryology
collective cell behaviors; epithelial tubes; out-of-plane curvature