Platycodin D isolated from the aerial parts of Platycodon grandiflorum protects alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.
Platycodin D (PD) is the main active saponin of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) and is reported to exhibit multiple biological effects, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, and anti-obesity properties. Although recently there have been many research reports on the chemical constituents of the plant's roots, only few works have been reported on the aerial parts of PG. In the present study, we report the first isolation of PD from the aerial parts of PG and its protective effect against acute alcohol-induced liver oxidative injury and inflammatory response in mice. In brief, the protective effect was evaluated by tracking biochemical markers, enzymatic antioxidants and proinflammatory cytokines in serum and liver tissue. The results indicated that PD pretreatment significantly decreased the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (L-DLC) in serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver. PD was also found to increase the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the liver (p < 0.05). In addition, PD markedly decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, which was caused by alcohol exposure (p < 0.05). In contrast, histopathological examinations revealed that PD pretreatment noticeably prevented alcohol-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and steatosis. Collectively, the present study clearly suggests that the protective effect exhibited by PD on alcohol-induced liver oxidative injury may occur via the alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Wei
W
Li
Ying
Y
Liu
Zi
Z
Wang
Ye
Y
Han
Yu-Hong
YH
Tian
Gui-Shan
GS
Zhang
Yin-Shi
YS
Sun
Ying-Ping
YP
Wang
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000438:Alcohols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D031238:Platycodon / Q000737:chemistry*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
D000438:Alcohols; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D005978:Glutathione