In vivo imaging with antibodies and engineered fragments.
Antibodies have clearly demonstrated their utility as therapeutics, providing highly selective and effective drugs to treat diseases in oncology, hematology, cardiology, immunology and autoimmunity, and infectious diseases. More recently, a pressing need for equally specific and targeted imaging agents for assessing disease in vivo, in preclinical models and patients, has emerged. This review summarizes strategies for developing and optimizing antibodies as targeted probes for use in non-invasive imaging using radioactive, optical, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound approaches. Recent advances in engineered antibody fragments and scaffolds, conjugation and labeling methods, and multimodality probes are highlighted. Importantly, antibody-based imaging probes are seeing new applications in detection and quantitation of cell surface biomarkers, imaging specific responses to targeted therapies, and monitoring immune responses in oncology and other diseases. Antibody-based imaging will provide essential tools to facilitate the transition to truly precision medicine.
Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA.
Amanda C
AC
Freise
Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA. Electronic address: awu@mednet.ucla.edu.
Anna M
AM
Wu
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D000906:Antibodies; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments
Antibody fragments; Image-guided surgery; ImmunoPET; Molecular imaging