Comparative clinical study testing the effectiveness of school based oral health education using experiential learning or traditional lecturing in 10 year-old children.
BACKGROUND
School based oral health education through traditional lecturing has been found successful only in improving oral health knowledge, while has low effectiveness in oral hygiene and gingival health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of experiential learning (EL) oral health education to traditional lecturing (TL), on enhancing oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior as well as oral hygiene, gingival health and caries of 10-year-old children.


METHODS
Eighty-four children were recruited for the EL and 100 for the TL group from 3 locations in Greece. Data regarding oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior were collected via questionnaires. Data regarding dental plaque, gingivitis and caries were collected by clinical examination. The evaluation using questionnaires and clinical examination was assessed at baseline and 6 and 18 months afterwards. Two calibrated pediatric dentists examined the students using a periodontal probe and artificial light. Modified hygiene index (HI) was used for dental plaque recording, the simplified gingival index (GI-S) was used for gingivitis and DMFT, based on BASCD criteria, for dental caries. Based on a dedicated manual, the teacher applied in the classroom the oral health educational program using EL.


RESULTS
EL group had statistically significant better hygiene than the TL at 6 months (p < 0.05). Within the same group, both groups had enhanced oral health knowledge at 6 and 18 months (p < 0.05) and improved oral health behavior (p > 0.05) and attitude (p > 0.05) at 6 months in comparison to baseline.


CONCLUSIONS
EL program was found more successful than TL in oral hygiene improvement. Both oral health education programs improved the oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior of children.


BACKGROUND
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02320162).
Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Marquette University, School of Dentistry, 1801 W Wisconsin, 53233, Milwaukee, WI, USA. matinangelop@yahoo.gr.
Matina V
MV
Angelopoulou
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University of Athens, Thivon 2 Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece. kavvadiakaterina@gmail.com.
Katerina
K
Kavvadia
Private Practice, Athens, Greece. babyboo_o@hotmail.com.
Konstantina
K
Taoufik
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University of Athens, Thivon 2 Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece. cjoulis@dent.uoa.gr.
Constantine J
CJ
Oulis
D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D015438:Health Behavior; D006267:Health Education, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D009911:Oral Hygiene Index; D010512:Periodontal Index; D018794:Problem-Based Learning / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012424:Rural Population; D012571:School Dentistry; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*; D014505:Urban Population