Failure of eruption of permanent molars: a diagnostic dilemma.
BACKGROUND
Limited studies have proposed protocols for the management of failure of eruption (FOE) of permanent molars with no clear consensus or guidelines. Accurate diagnosis is challenging but key for successful management.


OBJECTIVE
Confirm key diagnostic criteria that will aid diagnostic differentiation between primary failure of eruption (PFE) and mechanical failure of eruption (MFE) of permanent molars and identify successful management strategies.


METHODS
Retrospective descriptive study. Patients diagnosed with FOE of permanent molars (excluding impaction) between January 2003 and December 2013 were identified. Patient details and clinical and radiological features of FOE were recorded. Two examiners analysed the data. A diagnosis of PFE or MFE was made based on a combination of current protocols. Management strategies for each were identified and reported as satisfactory/unsatisfactory.


RESULTS
Thirty-one patients met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen were classified as PFE and 14 as MFE. One patient was too young to confirm diagnosis, and one patient had delayed eruption. A total of 26% of cases were misdiagnosed which led to unsuccessful orthodontic management.


CONCLUSIONS
We propose a protocol based on the results of this study coupled with existing protocols in the form of a simple flow diagram to aid accurate diagnosis and management of this rare and challenging clinical problem.
UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
Geetanjali
G
Sharma
UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
Louise
L
Kneafsey
UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
Paul
P
Ashley
UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
Joseph
J
Noar
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D019229:Dentition, Permanent; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*