Fluoride bioaccumulation by hydroponic cultures of camellia (Camellia japonica spp.) and sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum spp.).
The ability of hydroponic cultures of camellia and sugar cane adult plants to remove fluoride was investigated. Plants were grown in a 50% Steiner nutrient solution. After an adaptation period to hydroponic conditions, plants were exposed to different fluoride concentrations (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg L(-1)). Fluoride concentration in the culture medium and in tissues was measured. In sugar cane, fluoride was mainly located in roots, with 86% of it absorbed and 14% adsorbed. Sugar cane plants removed 1000-1200 mg fluoride kg(-1) dry weight. In camellia plants the highest fluoride concentration was found in leaf. Roots accumulated fluoride mainly through absorption, which was 2-5 times higher than adsorption. At the end of the experiment, fluoride accumulation in camellia plants was 1000-1400 mgk g(-1) dry weight. Estimated concentration factors revealed that fluoride bioaccumulation is 74-221-fold in camellia plants and 100-500-fold in sugar cane plants. Thus, the latter appear as a suitable candidate for removing fluoride from water due to their bioaccumulation capacity and vigorous growth rate; therefore, sugar cane might be used for phytoremediation.
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Manuel Nava 6, 78210 San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Electronic address: nancy_holabest10@yahoo.com.mx.
Nancy
N
Camarena-Rangel
Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Km. 14.5 Carretera San Luis Potosí-Matehuala, Ejido Palma de la Cruz, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, San Luis Potosí CP. 78321, Mexico. Electronic address: angel.rojas@uaslp.mx.
Angel Natanael
AN
Rojas Velázquez
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Manuel Nava 6, 78210 San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Electronic address: ssantos@uaslp.mx.
María del Socorro
Mdel S
Santos-Díaz
D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D028244:Camellia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018527:Hydroponics; D010710:Phosphates; D018515:Plant Leaves; D018517:Plant Roots; D031786:Saccharum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
D010710:Phosphates; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C012980:fluorophosphate; D005459:Fluorides
Camellia; Fluoride; Hydroponic cultures; Sugar cane