Sechium edule Shoot Extracts and Active Components Improve Obesity and a Fatty Liver That Involved Reducing Hepatic Lipogenesis and Adipogenesis in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Rats.
Excess fat accumulation in the liver increases the risk of developing progressive liver injuries ranging from a fatty liver to hepatocarcinoma. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the polyphenol components of Sechium edule shoots attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation in vitro. Therefore, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of the extract of S. edule shoots (SWE) to modulate fat accumulation in a high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced animal model. In this study, we found that the SWE can reduce the body weight, adipose tissue fat, and regulate hepatic lipid contents (e.g., triglyceride and cholesterol). Additionally, treatment of caffeic acid (CA) and hesperetin (HPT), the main ingredients of SWE, also inhibited oleic acid (OA)-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. SWE enhanced the activation of AMP-activating protein kinase (AMPK) and decreased numerous lipogenic-related enzymes, such as sterol regulator element-binding proteins (SREBPs), e.g., SREBP-1 and SREBP-2, and HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCoR) proteins, which are critical regulators of hepatic lipid metabolism. Taken together, the results demonstrated that SWE can prevent a fatty liver and attenuate adipose tissue fat by inhibiting lipogenic enzymes and stimulating lipolysis via upregulating AMPK. It was also demonstrated that the main activation components of SWE are both CA and HPT.
Mon-Yuan
MY
Yang
Kuei-Chuan
KC
Chan
Yi-Ju
YJ
Lee
Xiao-Zong
XZ
Chang
#Department of Anatomy, China Medical University, Taichung 40401, Taiwan.
Cheng-Hsun
CH
Wu
Chau-Jong
CJ
Wang
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D010936:Plant Extracts; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D019301:Oleic Acid; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
AMPK; adipogenesis; caffeic acid; fatty liver; hesperetin; lipogenesis; obesity