Application of gas chromatography/flame ionization detector-based metabolite fingerprinting for authentication of Asian palm civet coffee (Kopi Luwak).
Development of authenticity screening for Asian palm civet coffee, the world-renowned priciest coffee, was previously reported using metabolite profiling through gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, a major drawback of this approach is the high cost of the instrument and maintenance. Therefore, an alternative method is needed for quality and authenticity evaluation of civet coffee. A rapid, reliable and cost-effective analysis employing a universal detector, GC coupled with flame ionization detector (FID), and metabolite fingerprinting has been established for discrimination analysis of 37 commercial and non-commercial coffee beans extracts. gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) provided higher sensitivity over a similar range of detected compounds than GC/MS. In combination with multivariate analysis, GC/FID could successfully reproduce quality prediction from GC/MS for differentiation of commercial civet coffee, regular coffee and coffee blend with 50 wt % civet coffee content without prior metabolite details. Our study demonstrated that GC/FID-based metabolite fingerprinting can be effectively actualized as an alternative method for coffee authenticity screening in industries.
Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Udi
U
Jumhawan
Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Sastia Prama
SP
Putri
Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jl. PB. Sudirman 90, Jember, East Java 68118, Indonesia.
Yusianto
Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Takeshi
T
Bamba
Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: fukusaki@bio.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Eiichiro
E
Fukusaki
D000818:Animals; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000592:standards; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005410:Flame Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D019649:Food Industry / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000191:economics; D055442:Metabolome; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012015:Reference Standards; D045949:Viverridae
D003069:Coffee
Civet coffee; Gas chromatography/flame ionization detector; Industrial routine; Kopi Luwak; Metabolite fingerprinting