Inefficiency in macromolecular transport of SCS-based microcapsules affects viability of primary human mesenchymal stem cells but not of immortalized cells.
Microcapsules made of sodium cellulose sulphate (SCS) and poly-diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride (pDADMAC) have been employed to encapsulate a wide range of established cell lines for several applications. However, little is known about the encapsulation of primary cells including human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Human MSCs are of interest in regenerative medicine applications due to pro-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which result from paracrine effects of this cell type. In the present work we have encapsulated primary hMSCs and hMSC-TERT immortalized cells and compared their behavior and in vitro angiogenic potential. We found that, although both cell types were able to secret angiogenic factors such as VEGF, there was a marked reduction of primary hMSC viability compared to hMSC-TERT cells when cultured in these microcapsules. Moreover, this applied to other primary cell cultures such as primary human fibroblasts but not to other cell lines such as human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. We found that the microcapsule membrane had a molecular weight cut-off below a critical size, which caused impairment in the diffusion of essential nutrients and had a more detrimental effect on the viability of primary cell cultures compared to cell lines and immortalized cells.
Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Bioscience Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.
Clara
C
Sanz-Nogués
Ziel Biopharma Ltd., Unit 4 Castletroy Park Business Centre, Castletroy, Ireland.
Jason
J
Horan
Centre for Microscopy and Imaging, Anatomy, National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.
Kerry
K
Thompson
Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Bioscience Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.
Linda
L
Howard
Ziel Biopharma Ltd., Unit 4 Castletroy Park Business Centre, Castletroy, Ireland.
Gerard
G
Ryan
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Odense and University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 25, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark.|Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, King Saud University (KSA), Riyadh, 12372, Saudi Arabia.
Moustapha
M
Kassem
Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Bioscience Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.
Timothy
T
O'Brien
D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002214:Capsules; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004058:Diffusion; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic
D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D002214:Capsules; D003470:Culture Media; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D002482:Cellulose; C020254:cellulose sulfate
immunoisolation; mesenchymal stem cells and therapeutic angiogenesis; microencapsulation; sodium cellulose sulphate