Effect of aging on volatile compounds in cooked beef.
Volatiles in the headspace of beef cooked at 180 °C were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the effects of aging were evaluated. Seventy volatile substances including non-aromatic, homocyclic, and heterocyclic compounds were identified. A significant positive regression model for storage could be adopted for toluene, benzeneacetaldehyde, 2-formylfuran, pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetylthiazole, and 2-formyl-3-methylthiophene. Increases in the quantity of these compounds, with the exception of toluene, suggest the importance of the Strecker and Maillard reactions in cooked meat previously aged under vacuum conditions. As such, the aging process may lead to an increase not only in the amount of compounds related to the taste of meat, but also in the quantity of odor-active compounds. The increased quantity of toluene during storage seemed to be influenced by lipid oxidation.
NARO Tohoku National Agricultural Research Center, 020-0198 Morioka, Iwate, Japan. Electronic address: akiraw@affrc.go.jp.
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Watanabe
Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 020-8550 Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
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Kamada
NARO Tohoku National Agricultural Research Center, 020-0198 Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
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Imanari
NARO Tohoku National Agricultural Research Center, 020-0198 Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
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Shiba
NARO Tohoku National Agricultural Research Center, 020-0198 Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
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Yonai
Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 020-8550 Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
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Muramoto
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003296:Cooking; D005511:Food Handling; D061353:Food Storage; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D000069466:Red Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D013649:Taste; D014050:Toluene / Q000032:analysis; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D014050:Toluene
2,3-Dimethylpyrazine (PubChem CID: 22201); 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine (PubChem CID: 7938); 2-Acetylthiazole (PubChem CID: 520108); 2-Formyl-3-methylthiophene (PubChem CID: 79911); 2-Formylfuran (PubChem CID: 7362); Aging; Beef; Benzeneacetaldehyde (PubChem CID: 998); Maillard reaction; Pyrazine (PubChem CID: 9261); Strecker degradation; Toluene (PubChem CID: 1140); Volatile compounds