Apples or candy? Internal and external influences on children's food choices.
The goal of this concise narrative review is to examine the current literature regarding endogenous and exogenous influences on youth food choices. Specifically, we discuss internal factors such as interoception (self-awareness) of pain and hunger, and neural mechanisms (neurofunctional aspects) of food motivation. We also explore external factors such as early life feeding experiences (including parenting), social influences (peers), and food marketing (advertising). We conclude with a discussion of the overlap of these realms and future directions for the field of pediatric food decision science.
University of Kansas Medical Center, USA; Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, USA; Children's Mercy Hospital, USA. Electronic address: abruce@kumc.edu.
Amanda S
AS
Bruce
University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA.
Seung-Lark
SL
Lim
University of Kansas Medical Center, USA.
Timothy Ryan
TR
Smith
University of Kansas Medical Center, USA.
J Bradley C
JB
Cherry
Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA.
William R
WR
Black
University of Kansas Medical Center, USA; Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, USA.
Ann M
AM
Davis
University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA.
Jared M
JM
Bruce
D000293:Adolescent; D002182:Candy; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D027845:Malus; D040541:Marketing; D009042:Motivation; D016487:Parenting; D000067074:Peer Influence
Breastfeeding; Decision; Interoception; Marketing; Neuroscience; Pediatric