Phenols and antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo of aqueous extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction from artichoke by-products.
Artichoke by-products are rich in phenolic compounds although they represent a waste for the food industry. This paper examines the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for obtaining organic solvent-free extracts rich in nutraceuticals from artichoke scraps. Application of ultrasounds for 60 minutes on test samples, using water as a solvent, improved recovery of phenolic substances compared with untreated samples. Among the phenols detected by high performance liquid chromatography, 5-O-caffeoylquinic and 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acids were identified. In vivo treatments of tobacco BY-2 cells with ultrasonic extracts consistently enhanced their antioxidant power, making the cells more resistant to heat stress. UAE applied to artichoke by-products, using water as a solvent, appears to be a powerful eco-friendly technique that can provide extracts rich in nutraceuticals and turn waste products into resources. The extracts could be advantageously utilized in the food industry to produce functional foods.
Rossana
R
Punzi
Annalisa
A
Paradiso
Cristina
C
Fasciano
Antonio
A
Trani
Michele
M
Faccia
Maria Concetta
MC
de Pinto
Giuseppe
G
Gambacorta
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D031943:Cynara scolymus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014866:Waste Products