Acute toxicity assessment of ANAMMOX substrates and antibiotics by luminescent bacteria test.
Acute toxicities of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) substrates and four antibiotics from pharmaceutical wastewaters on ANAMMOX process were reported. Individual and joint acute toxicity assays were performed using 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). Results showed that IC50 values and their 95% confidence interval of ammonium chloride (A), sodium nitrite (B), penicillin G-Na (C), polymyxin B sulfate (D), chloramphenicol (E) and kanamycin sulfate (F) were 2708.9 (2247.9-3169.9), 1475.4 (1269.9-1680.9), 5114.4 (4946.4-5282.4), 10.2 (1.8-18.6), 409.9 (333.7-486.1) and 5254.1 (3934.4-6573.8) mgL(-1) respectively, suggesting toxicities were in the order of D>E>B>A>C>F. Joint acute toxicities of bicomponent mixtures A and B, C and D, C and F, D and F were independent; D and E, E and F were additive while C and E were synergistic. Joint acute toxicities of multicomponent mixtures were synergistic or additive. Luminescent bacteria test is an easy and robust method for forecasting the feasibility of ANAMMOX process for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Shuang
S
Ding
Faculty of Environment Science, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden 01217, Germany.
Junwei
J
Wu
Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Meng
M
Zhang
Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Huifeng
H
Lu
Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
Qaisar
Q
Mahmood
Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: pzheng@zju.edu.cn.
Ping
P
Zheng
D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D049449:Luminescence; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
ANAMMOX; Acute toxicity; Antibiotic toxicity; Luminescent bacteria test; Substrate toxicity