Secreted phospholipase A2 inhibitor modulates fatty acid composition and reduces obesity-induced inflammation in Beagle dogs.
Secreted phospholipase A2 inhibitor (sPLA2i) has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory function by blocking the production of inflammatory mediators. Obesity is characterized by low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of sPLA2i on inflammation, oxidative stress and serum fatty acid profile in dogs. Seven obese and seven lean Beagle dogs were used in a 28-day double blind cross-over design. Dogs were fed a control diet without supplemental sPLA2i or an sPLA2i supplemented diet. The sPLA2i diet decreased plasma fibrinogen levels and increased the protein:fibrinogen ratio in obese dogs to levels similar to those of lean dogs fed the same diet. Obese dogs had a higher plasma concentration of the lipophilic vitamin A with potential antioxidative capacity and a lower ratio of retinol binding protein 4:vitamin A compared to lean dogs, independent of the diets. A higher proportion of myristic acid (C14:0) and a lower proportion of linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) were observed in the dogs fed with the sPLA2i diet compared to dogs fed with the control diet. Furthermore, a higher ratio of n-6 to n-3, a lower proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and lower omega-3 index were observed in obese compared to lean dogs. The results indicate that obese dogs are characterized by a more 'proinflammatory' serum fatty acid profile and that diet inclusion of sPLA2i may reduce inflammation and alter fatty acid profile.
Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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J
Xu
Diana Pet Food, ZA du Gohélis, 56250 Elven, France.
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H
Bourgeois
Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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E
Vandermeulen
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium.
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B
Vlaeminck
Department of Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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E
Meyer
Department of Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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K
Demeyere
Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. Electronic address: Myriam.Hesta@UGent.be.
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Hesta
D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004285:Dogs; D005227:Fatty Acids; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
D000906:Antibodies; D005227:Fatty Acids; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory
Dog; Inflammation; Obesity; Oxidative stress; sPLA2 inhibitor