Microbial community structure in a dual chamber microbial fuel cell fed with brewery waste for azo dye degradation and electricity generation.
The expansion in knowledge of the microbial community structure can play a vital role in the electrochemical features and operation of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, bacterial community composition in a dual chamber MFC fed with brewery waste was investigated for simultaneous electricity generation and azo dye degradation. A stable voltage was generated with a maximum power density of 305 and 269 mW m(-2) for brewery waste alone (2000 mg L(-1)) and after the azo dye (200 mg L(-1)) addition, respectively. Azo dye degradation was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) as peak corresponding to -N=N- (azo) bond disappeared in the dye metabolites. Microbial communities attached to the anode were analyzed by high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Microbial community composition analysis revealed that Proteobacteria (67.3 %), Betaproteobacteria (30.8 %), and Desulfovibrio (18.3 %) were the most dominant communities at phylum, class, and genus level, respectively. Among the classified genera, Desulfovibrio most likely plays a major role in electron transfer to the anode since its outer membrane contains c-type cytochromes. At the genus level, 62.3 % of all sequences belonged to the unclassified category indicating a high level of diversity of microbial groups in MFCs fed with brewery waste and azo dye.


CONCLUSIONS
• Azo dye degradation and stable bioelectricity generation was achieved in the MFC. • Anodic biofilm was analyzed by high-throughput pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. • Desulfovibrio (18.3 %) was the dominant genus in the classified genera. • Of the genus, 62.3 % were unclassified, thereby indicating highly diverse microbes. Graphical Abstract A schematic diagram of a dual chamber microbial fuel cell for azo dye degradation and current generation (with microbial communities at anode electrode).
Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
Waheed
W
Miran
Mohsin
M
Nawaz
Avinash
A
Kadam
Seolhye
S
Shin
Jun
J
Heo
Jiseon
J
Jang
Dae Sung
DS
Lee
D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources / Q000382:microbiology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D003901:Desulfovibrio / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004566:Electrodes; D004579:Electron Transport; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
D001391:Azo Compounds; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical