Organobromine compound profiling in human adipose: Assessment of sources of bromophenol.
Bromophenols (BRPs) have been widely detected in human tissues, however, relative proportions from natural products and/or anthropogenic flame retardants are not clear. 21 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 15 MeO/OH-PBDEs, and 10 BRPs were simultaneously quantified in adipose collected from people from New York City, USA. An in vitro assay utilizing human liver microsomes was performed for detected predominant organobromine. High concentrations of 2,4,6-triBRP and PBDEs were observed, and extremely low concentrations of naturally occurring MeO/OH-PBDEs were detected. Similar biotransformatioin rates of BRPs and MeO/OH-PBDEs indicated that the relative high concentration of 2,4,6-triBRP in humans was not of natural origin. Significant correlation observed between concentrations of 2,4,6-triBRP and BDE-209 suggested that the two chemicals may share a common source. Both 2,4,6-triBRP and BDE-209 were detected in commercial ABS resins, suggesting that plastic products made from ABS resins could be potential sources of co-exposure of the two compounds for humans.
Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Shixiong
S
Gao
Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. Electronic address: wany@urban.pku.edu.cn.
Yi
Y
Wan
Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Guomao
G
Zheng
Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Kai
K
Luo
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA.
Kurunthachalam
K
Kannan
Dept. Biomedical Veterinary Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Zoology and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Biology & Chemistry and State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
John P
JP
Giesy
Department of Biology & Chemistry and State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Michael H W
MH
Lam
Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Jianying
J
Hu
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; C010902:decabromobiphenyl ether
Adipose tissue; Anthropogenic compounds; BRPs; Co-exposure; GC–NCI–MS; Organobromine compounds