Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells via microfluidics synthesized nanoparticles.
Advancement of bone tissue engineering as an alternative for bone regeneration has attracted significant interest due to its potential in reducing the costs and surgical trauma affiliated with the effective treatment of bone defects. We have improved the conventional approach of producing polymeric nanoparticles, as one of the most promising choices for drug delivery systems, using a microfluidics platform, thus further improving our control over osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for theoretical understanding of our experiments in order to get a more detailed molecular-scale insight into the drug-carrier interactions. In this work, with the sustained intracellular delivery of dexamethasone from microfluidics-synthesized nanoparticles, we explored the effects of particle design on controlling stem cell fates. We believe that the insights learned from this work will lead to the discovery of new strategies to tune differentiation for in situ differentiation or stem cell therapeutics.


BACKGROUND
The use of mesenchymal stem cells has been described by many researchers as a novel therapy for bone regeneration. One major hurdle in this approach is the control of osteogenic differentiation. In this article, the authors described elegantly their microfluidic system in which dexamethasone loaded nanoparticles were produced. This system would allow precise fabrication of nanoparticles and consequently higher efficiency in cellular differentiation.
Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Mahdi
MM
Hasani-Sadrabadi
Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Sana Pour
SP
Hajrezaei
Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Shahriar Hojjati
SH
Emami
Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Ghasem
G
Bahlakeh
Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Leila
L
Daneshmandi
Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Erfan
E
Dashtimoghadam
Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Ehsan
E
Seyedjafari
Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: karl.jacob@mse.gatech.edu.
Karl I
KI
Jacob
Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA. Electronic address: lobat.tayebi@marquette.edu.
Lobat
L
Tayebi
D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D044085:Microfluidics; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D023822:Tissue Engineering
D003907:Dexamethasone
Drug delivery; Microfluidics platform; Osteogenic differentiation; Polymeric nanoparticles