Relationship between 18-F-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose uptake and expression of glucose transporter 1 and pyruvate kinase M2 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
BACKGROUND
Cholangiocellular carcinoma is characterized by elevated glucose consumption, resulting in an increased uptake of 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG). This study investigates the relationship between 18F-FDG uptake and tumour glucose metabolism.


METHODS
This was a retrospective analysis of 19 patients with cholangiocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry for glucose transporter 1 and pyruvate kinase type M2 were performed. Overall tumour glucose metabolism was evaluated by measuring 18F-FDG uptake and the protein expression levels of glucose transporter 1 and pyruvate kinase type M2.


RESULTS
18F-FDG uptake had a strong positive correlation with histological differentiation. Both tumour status (p=0.044) and tumour size (p=0.011) were correlated with primary tumour 18F-FDG uptake. Glucose transporter 1 expression correlated with histological differentiation (p=0.017), while pyruvate kinase type M2 expression tended to correlate with lymph node metastasis (p=0.051). Glucose transporter 1 expression was strongly related to the standard uptake value (p=0.001), but that of pyruvate kinase type M2 was not (p=0.461).


CONCLUSIONS
Glucose transporter 1 expression exhibits a strong correlation with 18F-FDG uptake in cholangiocellular carcinoma tissue, while pyruvate kinase type M2 expression was not associated with fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake. In addition to its glycolytic function, pyruvate kinase type M2 has a variety of roles and its expression may enhance tumour cell invasion and promote the lymph node metastasis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan. Electronic address: hidesuzuki044@gmail.com.
Hideki
H
Suzuki
Pathology Service, Saint-Luc University, Belgium.
Mina
M
Komuta
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan.
Altan
A
Bolog
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan.
Takehiko
T
Yokobori
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan.
Satoshi
S
Wada
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan.
Kenichiro
K
Araki
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan.
Norio
N
Kubo
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan.
Akira
A
Watanabe
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan.
Mariko
M
Tsukagoshi
Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan.
Hiroyuki
H
Kuwano
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011770:Pyruvate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D011770:Pyruvate Kinase
18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-positron emission tomography; Glucose transporter 1; Glycolytic metabolism; Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; Pyruvate kinase type M2