Startle eye-blink modulation by facial self-resemblance and current mood.
Although salient stimuli are known to modulate startle eye-blink responses, and one's own face is considered of particular salience, effects of facial self-resemblance on startle responsiveness have not been systematically investigated. For the present study, pictures from the FACES database (rated as neutral) were digitally morphed to resemble the participants' (N=37) faces to varying degrees (25-50-75%). Perceptually matched geometrical shapes served as a control condition. At SOAs of either 300ms or 3000ms after picture onset, startle responses were elicited by white noise (50ms, 105dB), and recorded at the orbicularis oculi via EMG. Prior to the experiment, self-reported mood was assessed by means of the PANAS. Relative to non-face stimuli, the presentation of faces reduced startle magnitude at short, but not long, lead intervals. Furthermore, for probes presented at a SOA of 300ms, a linear decrease in startle magnitude with higher levels of self-resemblance was observed, presumably reflecting higher salience of the self-face. The startle modulating effect of self-resembling faces during longer lead intervals was moderated by the participants' current mood: negative affect predicted stronger patterns of attenuation, which might be interpreted as an increase in self-focus resulting from more negative mood.
Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Germany. Electronic address: finke@uni-trier.de.
Johannes B
JB
Finke
Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Germany.
Mauro F
MF
Larra
Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Germany.
Thomas M
TM
Schilling
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Saarland University, Germany.
Johanna
J
Lass-Hennemann
Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Terry D
TD
Blumenthal
Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Germany.
Hartmut
H
Schächinger
D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001767:Blinking / Q000502:physiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004576:Electromyography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
Morphing; Negative affect; Self-face; Self-resemblance; Startle modulation