Increased Prevalence of Sleep Apnea in Children with Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1a.
OBJECTIVE
Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a (PHP1a) is a rare genetic disorder. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep apnea in children with PHP1a.


METHODS
Nineteen patients with PHP1a between the age of 2 and 21 years were enrolled prospectively using online advertisements. Parents completed a medical history and surveys to assess sleep behavior. Polysomnography records were obtained when available. In addition, 18 subjects were identified in a retrospective chart review of de-identified medical records with 2.3 million patient charts.


RESULTS
Parents reported sleep disturbance (94%) and daytime somnolence (81%) in their children with PHP1a. In the retrospective chart review, 39% had a history of sleep apnea versus 8.8% of a similarly obese control group. In the combined analysis (n = 31), 52% had a history of snoring and 45% had a diagnosis of sleep apnea. Patients were obese with a mean BMI z-score of 2.20 ± 0.59. Patients with sleep apnea were significantly younger than those without a diagnosis (8.1 ± 5.4 vs. 12.8 ± 5.0 years, p = 0.02).


CONCLUSIONS
Children with PHP1a have a 4.4-fold greater relative risk of sleep apnea than similarly obese children. Screening for sleep apnea in this population may be warranted to prevent adverse health outcomes.
University of Oklahoma School of Medicine, Norman, Okla., USA.
Hannah
H
Landreth
Beth A
BA
Malow
Ashley H
AH
Shoemaker
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017286:Polysomnography; D015995:Prevalence; D011547:Pseudohypoparathyroidism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*