Nanoengineered Polystyrene Surfaces with Nanopore Array Pattern Alters Cytoskeleton Organization and Enhances Induction of Neural Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.
Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) can differentiate into various cell types depending on chemical and topographical cues. One topographical cue recently noted to be successful in inducing differentiation is the nanoengineered polystyrene surface containing nanopore array-patterned substrate (NP substrate), which is designed to mimic the nanoscale topographical features of the extracellular matrix. In this study, efficacies of NP and flat substrates in inducing neural differentiation of hADSCs were examined by comparing their substrate-cell adhesion rates, filopodia growth, nuclei elongation, and expression of neural-specific markers. The polystyrene nano Petri dishes containing NP substrates were fabricated by a nano injection molding process using a nickel electroformed nano-mold insert (Diameter: 200 nm. Depth of pore: 500 nm. Center-to-center distance: 500 nm). Cytoskeleton and filopodia structures were observed by scanning electron microscopy and F-actin staining, while cell adhesion was tested by vinculin staining after 24 and 48 h of seeding. Expression of neural specific markers was examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. Results showed that NP substrates lead to greater substrate-cell adhesion, filopodia growth, nuclei elongation, and expression of neural specific markers compared to flat substrates. These results not only show the advantages of NP substrates, but they also suggest that further study into cell-substrate interactions may yield great benefits for biomaterial engineering.
1 Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Korea.
Ae Ryang
AR
Jung
1 Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Korea.
Richard Y
RY
Kim
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang, Korea.
Hyung Woo
HW
Kim
1 Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Korea.
Kshitiz Raj
KR
Shrestha
1 Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Korea.
Seung Hwan
SH
Jeon
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang, Korea.
Kyoung Je
KJ
Cha
1 Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Korea.
Yong Hyun
YH
Park
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang, Korea.
Dong Sung
DS
Kim
1 Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Korea.
Ji Youl
JY
Lee
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D048430:Cell Shape; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D058608:Nanopores / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties
D011137:Polystyrenes