The utility of bioimpedance analysis for monitoring the children with nutcracker syndrome.
We aimed to evaluate anthropometric and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) indices of children with nutcracker syndrome (NCS). Eighteen patients and 20 age-gender matched controls were enrolled. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference (MAC), waist circumference (WC), waist/hip ratio measurements, and BIA results were assessed. Laboratory parameters and Doppler sonographic findings were recorded. The weight, BMI, MAC, WC, body fat z scores, and waist/hip ratio were significantly lower in patients than in controls (p < 0.05). Serum creatinine (Scr), albumin, HDL cholesterol, and urine protein (Up) were significantly increased in NCS patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, body fat z score was independently related to Up and the degree of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) angle (beta = -0.965, p = 0.018 and beta = 0.841, p = 0.04, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
NCS might be considered in slim proteinuric patients with unproven etiology. Serial anthropometric measurements and BIA analysis would estimate the severity of entrapment in LRV. Long-term follow-up of Scr might be required in NCS.


BACKGROUND
• Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is very rare and characterized by the compression of LRV between aorta and SMA. What is new: • Patients with NCS have a slimmer body feature with lower anthropometric and BIA indices. • Fat percentage indicates the degree of LRV entrapment and amount of proteinuria in NCS.
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, 34303, Istanbul, Turkey. drsyavuz@gmail.com.
Sevgi
S
Yavuz
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, 34303, Istanbul, Turkey. kykaysel@gmail.com.
Aysel
A
Kıyak
Department of Radiology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. alier1717@yahoo.com.
Ali
A
Er
Department of Radiology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. drkorkmazorhan@yahoo.com.
Orhan
O
Korkmaz
D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D059228:Renal Nutcracker Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
Anthropometry; Aortomesenteric angle; Body fat; Nutcracker syndrome; Proteinuria