Occurrence and genetic diversity of human cosavirus in influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants in Arizona, United States.
Human cosavirus (HCoSV) is a novel member of the family Picornaviridae. We investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of HCoSV in influent and effluent wastewater in Arizona over a 12-month period, from August 2011 to July 2012. HCoSV sequences were identified in six (25%) influent samples and one (4%) effluent sample, with the highest concentration of 3.24 × 10(5) and 1.54 × 10(3) copies/liter in influent and effluent, respectively. The strains were characterized based on their 5' untranslated region and classified into species A and D, demonstrating that genetically heterogeneous HCoSV were circulating with a clear temporal shift of predominant strains in the study area.
Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, 1117 E. Lowell St., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA, kitajima@smart.mit.edu.
Masaaki
M
Kitajima
Andri T
AT
Rachmadi
Brandon C
BC
Iker
Eiji
E
Haramoto
Ian L
IL
Pepper
Charles P
CP
Gerba
D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D001130:Arizona; D001483:Base Sequence; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D064091:Waste Disposal Facilities; D062065:Wastewater / Q000821:virology*
D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D062065:Wastewater