Experimental mixture design as a tool for the synthesis of antimicrobial selective molecularly imprinted monodisperse microbeads.
The effect of the cross-linker on the shape and size of molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) beads prepared by precipitation polymerization has been evaluated using a chemometric approach. Molecularly imprinted microspheres for the selective recognition of fluoroquinolone antimicrobials were prepared in a one-step precipitation polymerization procedure using enrofloxacin (ENR) as the template molecule, methacrylic acid as functional monomer, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as hydrophilic comonomer, and acetonitrile as the porogen. The type and amount of cross-linker, namely ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, divinylbenzene or trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, to obtain monodispersed MIP spherical beads in the micrometer range was optimized using a simplex lattice design. Particle size and morphology were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and nitrogen adsorption measurements. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in conjunction with a nitroxide as spin probe revealed information about the microviscosity and polarity of the binding sites in imprinted and nonimprinted polymer beads.
†Chemical Optosensors and Applied Photochemistry Group, Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Elena
E
Benito-Peña
†Chemical Optosensors and Applied Photochemistry Group, Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Fernando
F
Navarro-Villoslada
†Chemical Optosensors and Applied Photochemistry Group, Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Sergio
S
Carrasco
‡Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States.
Steffen
S
Jockusch
§Department of Earth, Life and Environment Sciences (DiSTeVA), Loc. Crocicchia, I 61029 Urbino, Italy.
M Francesca
MF
Ottaviani
†Chemical Optosensors and Applied Photochemistry Group, Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Maria C
MC
Moreno-Bondi
D000327:Adsorption; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D020650:Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D015195:Drug Design; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008863:Microspheres; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011108:Polymers
EPR; experimental design; fluoroquinolones; microparticles; molecular imprinting; precipitation polymerization