Recent advances of microRNA-based molecular diagnostics to reduce false-positive lung cancer imaging.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Advances in early detection crucial to enable timely curative surgery have been made in recent years. Cost-benefit profiles of lung cancer screening in smokers by low-dose computed tomography are still under evaluation. In particular, the high false-positive rates of low-dose computed tomography, together with the issue of overdiagnosis and the overall costs of screening, prompted a focus on the development of noninvasive complementary biomarkers to implement lung cancer screening. MicroRNA are a new class of blood-based biomarkers useful for early lung cancer detection and prognosis definition. Here, we discuss the seminal publications that reported circulating microRNA signatures with the greatest potential to impact clinical activity and patient care.
Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, Milan 20133, Italy.
Mattia
M
Boeri
Stefano
S
Sestini
Orazio
O
Fortunato
Carla
C
Verri
Paola
P
Suatoni
Ugo
U
Pastorino
Gabriella
G
Sozzi
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D011379:Prognosis; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs
LDCT; biomarkers; circulating microRNA; lung cancer; screening