Functional magnetic resonance imaging of motor cortex activation in schizophrenia.
Previous fMRI studies of sensorimotor activation in schizophrenia have found in some cases hypoactivity, no difference, or hyperactivity when comparing patients with controls; similar disagreement exists in studies of motor laterality. In this multi-site fMRI study of a sensorimotor task in individuals with chronic schizophrenia and matched healthy controls, subjects responded with a right-handed finger press to an irregularly flashing visual checker board. The analysis includes eighty-five subjects with schizophrenia diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria and eighty-six healthy volunteer subjects. Voxel-wise statistical parametric maps were generated for each subject and analyzed for group differences; the percent Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal changes were also calculated over predefined anatomical regions of the primary sensory, motor, and visual cortex. Both healthy controls and subjects with schizophrenia showed strongly lateralized activation in the precentral gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule, and strong activations in the visual cortex. There were no significant differences between subjects with schizophrenia and controls in this multi-site fMRI study. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in laterality found between healthy controls and schizophrenic subjects. This study can serve as a baseline measurement of schizophrenic dysfunction in other cognitive processes.
Division of Computer Science and Engineering, CAIIT, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
Hyo Jong
0000-0003-2581-5268
HJ
Lee
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Adrian
0000-0003-3373-2438
A
Preda
Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco VAMC and University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Judith M
0000-0002-6500-6548
JM
Ford
Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco VAMC and University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Daniel H
0000-0001-6090-4974
DH
Mathalon
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
David B
0000-0001-5281-5576
DB
Keator
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Theo G M
0000-0002-2465-2797
TG
van Erp
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jessica A
0000-0003-0076-8434
JA
Turner
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Steven G
0000-0003-1028-1013
SG
Potkin
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055815:Young Adult
Functional MRI; Laterality Quotient; Motor Cortex; Motor Dysfunction; Power Analysis; Schizophrenia