Bullying in medically fragile youth: a review of risks, protective factors, and recommendations for medical providers.
Bullying is a common child and adolescent phenomenon that has concurrent and long-term implications for victims' psychological, psychosomatic, social, and academic functioning. Youth with chronic illnesses are at increased risk for being bullied, but few studies have evaluated specific risk and protective factors for medically fragile youth. Despite recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Society for Adolescent Medicine that pediatric health care providers should contribute to bullying prevention and intervention efforts, researchers also have yet to identify the best ways for providers to intervene with medically fragile youth. In this article, the authors review risk and protective factors for bullying among healthy samples. Then, the authors specifically address the ways in which these risk and protective factors are likely to apply to children with fragile medical conditions, and they provide summaries of extant bullying research for selected examples of medically fragile pediatric populations. Finally, the authors present recommendations for intervening with medically fragile youth and suggest several areas in which additional research is needed.
*Department of Psychiatry, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX; †Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
Melissa A
MA
Faith
Gabriela
G
Reed
Celia E
CE
Heppner
Lillian C
LC
Hamill
Tahnae R
TR
Tarkenton
Crista W
CW
Donewar
D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000523:psychology*; D025861:Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited / Q000523:psychology*; D058445:Bullying / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000592:standards*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D010013:Osteogenesis Imperfecta / Q000523:psychology*; D010379:Peer Group