Protective effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on enamel erosion: Atomic force microscopy studies.
The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of a casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste (GC Tooth Mousse- TM, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) on preventing enamel erosion, by using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). 30 human incisors, were equally assigned to 6 groups: intact enamel, enamel + soft drink, enamel + TM, enamel + TM + soft drink, enamel + soft drink + TM, enamel + soft drink + TM + soft drink. Specimens were observed through atomic force microscopy (AFM). The most common topographical parameters were determined, such as the surface roughness (Rrms ). The use of soft drink on intact enamel has roughened the surface of the sample. The application of the CPP-ACP paste on non-treated enamel made the surface smoother. A significant decrease in roughness was seen after remineralization with CPP-ACP paste. Significant differences were recorded when comparing softened enamel with softened enamel remineralized with CPP-ACP paste. Comparing eroded enamel with demineralized/remineralized specimens, the application of a CPP-ACP paste leads to a significant reduction in roughness values. AFM images of enamel surface treated with CPP-ACP resulted in less morphological changes of the tooth substrate when compared with the only eroded enamel surface morphology; thus, indicating that CPP-ACP paste promoted remineralization. Specimens' surface roughness remained similar regardless that the protective agent is used before or after exposure to coke or between two demineralizing cycles. The results confirmed the effectiveness of the CPP-ACP paste on preventing enamel erosion produced by soft drinks.
Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry. University of Pavia, Italy.
Matteo
M
Ceci
Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry. University of Pavia, Italy.
Maria
M
Mirando
Deptartment of Brain, Behavioral Sciences-Section of Statistics University of Pavia, Italy.
Riccardo
R
Beltrami
Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry. University of Pavia, Italy.
Marco
M
Chiesa
Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry. University of Pavia, Italy.
Claudio
C
Poggio
D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007564:Japan; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects*; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000517:prevention & control*
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002364:Caseins; C519480:amorphous calcium phosphate
AFM/other scanned probe microscopes; Dentistry; Surface analysis