[Dyslipidemias in school-age chilean children: prevalence and associated factors].
BACKGROUND
Dyslipidemias are a key cardiovascular risk factor, and are increased since early childhood. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence, characteristics of dyslipidemias and associated factors in a population of Chilean children.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study done in school-age children from Santiago, Chile (2009-2011). Parents answered questions about family medical history and children answered questions about physical activity. Anthropometry was performed and in a blood sample (12 hours fast) lipid profile, glycemia and insulinemia were measured.


RESULTS
We recruited 2900 euglycemic children, 11.4 ± 0.97 years old, 52% girls. According to BMI, 22.5% were overweight and 15,3% had obesity. Considering recommended cut-off points for lipids, 69.3% were in acceptable range, 19.2% at risk and 11.5% at high cardiovascular risk. In total, 32% of the population had any clinical form of dyslipidemia: Isolated hypertriglyceridemia (9.4%), low HDL-C (7.6%), isolated hypercholesterolemia (4.9%), atherogenic dyslipidemia (6.24%) and mixed dyslipidemia (3.9%). Except for isolated hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemias were more frequent in girls (globally 36.2% vs. 27.4%, p<0.0001). Low HDL-C was associated with sedentary lifestyle. In multiple logistic regression analysis, nutritional status was the most important associated factor, with less influence of age, sex, central obesity, insulin resistance and history of parental cardiovascular risk factors.


CONCLUSIONS
In this population of Chilean school-age children, we found a high prevalence of dyslipidemia, and the principal determinant was weight excess.
Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Pediátrica, División de Pediatría.. sbarja@uc.cl.
Salesa
S
Barja Yáñez
Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Pediátrica, División de Pediatría.. sbarja@uc.cl.
Pilar
P
Arnaiz Gómez
Departamentos de: Salud Pública,. sbarja@uc.cl.
Luis
L
Villarroel Del Pino
Departamentos de: Salud Pública,. sbarja@uc.cl.
Angélica
A
Domínguez de Landa
Nutrición Diabetes y. sbarja@uc.cl.
Oscar
O
Castillo Valenzuela
Metabolismo y de Ginecología y Obstetricia. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.. sbarja@uc.cl.
Marcelo
M
Farías Jofré
Departamentos de: Salud Pública,. sbarja@uc.cl.
Francisco
F
Mardones Santander
D002648:Child; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors