Morphological, genetic and phytochemical variation of the endemic Teucrium arduini L. (Lamiaceae).
Analysis of the morphological traits of leaves, genetic variability (analyzed by AFLP) and chemical composition of essential oils (analyzed by GC-MS) was conducted on eleven populations of the endemic Illyric-Balcanic species Teucrium arduini L. in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro. Average blade length and width ranged from 20.00 to 31.47mm and from 11.58 to 15.66mm, respectively. Multivariate analysis (PCA, UPGMA) of morphological traits distinguished two continental Bosnian populations from the remaining populations. AFLP analysis separated the investigated populations into two groups based primarily on geographical distance. Essential oil analysis showed a total of 52 compounds, with two chemotypes distinguished based on the essential oil profile. The first was a sesquiterpene chemotype, with β-caryophyllene, germacrene D or caryophyllene oxide as the major compounds, while the second was an oxygenated monoterpene chemotype, with pulegone and piperitone oxide as the main components. The Mantel test showed a stronger correlation between the morphological traits and AFLP than between the essential oil profile and AFLP. The test also showed a stronger association between the essential oil profile and geographical position than between the morphological traits and geographical position.
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: dkremer@pharma.hr.
Dario
D
Kremer
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: sbolaric@agr.hr.
Snježana
S
Bolarić
Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, BIH-71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Electronic address: balliandalibor9@gmail.com.
Dalibor
D
Ballian
Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, BIH-71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Electronic address: faruk.bogunic@gmail.com.
Faruk
F
Bogunić
Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81 000 Podgorica, Montenegro. Electronic address: denist@t-com.me.
Danijela
D
Stešević
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: karlovic@agr.hr.
Ksenija
K
Karlović
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: ikosalec@pharma.hr.
Ivan
I
Kosalec
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: avokurka@agr.hr.
Aleš
A
Vokurka
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: jadranka@pharma.hr.
Jadranka
J
Vuković Rodríguez
Public Institution Priroda, Grivica 4, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia. Electronic address: marko.randic@ju-priroda.hr.
Marko
M
Randić
Faculty of Science, University of Split, Teslina 12, HR-21000 Split, Croatia. Electronic address: bezic@pmfst.hr.
Nada
N
Bezić
Faculty of Science, University of Split, Teslina 12, HR-21000 Split, Croatia. Electronic address: dunkic@pmfst.hr.
Valerija
V
Dunkić
D054458:Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D045788:Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D031367:Teucrium / Q000737:chemistry*
D009822:Oils, Volatile; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D045788:Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; C024714:caryophyllene; C027259:germacrene D
AFLP; Essential oil; Morphology; Phytochemistry; Teucrium arduini