The serum concentrations of lupine alkaloids in orally-dosed Holstein cattle.
Teratogenic alkaloid-containing Lupinus spp. cause congenital defects known as crooked calf disease that is periodically economically devastating for the cattle industry. Previous research indicates that cattle breeds may eliminate plant toxins differently, potentially altering their susceptibility. The objective of this study was to describe the toxicokinetics in Holsteins of anagyrine, the teratogenic lupine alkaloid that produces crooked calf disease. Other alkaloids including lupanine, an unidentified alkaloid and 5,6-dehydrolupanine were also evaluated. Dried ground Lupinus leucophyllus was orally dosed to four Holstein steers and blood samples were collected for 96 h, analyzed for serum alkaloid concentrations and toxicokinetic parameters calculated. The serum elimination of anagyrine in Holstein steers was faster than those reported for beef breeds. This suggests that Holsteins may be less susceptible to lupine-induced crooked calf disease. Additional work is needed to confirm these findings and to verify if there is a breed difference in disease incidence or severity.
Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USA. Electronic address: Ben.Green@ars.usda.gov.
Benedict T
BT
Green
Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USA.
Stephen T
ST
Lee
Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USA.
Kevin D
KD
Welch
Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USA.
Dale R
DR
Gardner
Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USA.
Bryan L
BL
Stegelmeier
Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USA.
T Zane
TZ
Davis
D000470:Alkaloids / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D031297:Lupinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D013723:Teratogens / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D066007:Toxicokinetics
D000470:Alkaloids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013723:Teratogens
Anagyrine; Biomarkers; Cattle; Lupine