Major QTLs associated with green stem disorder insensitivity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.).
Green stem disorder (GSD) is one of the most serious syndromes affecting soybean (Glycine max) cultivation in Japan. In GSD, stems remain green even when pods mature. When soybean plants develop GSD, seed surfaces are soiled by tissue fluid and seed quality is deteriorated during machine harvesting. We performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses for GSD insensitivity using recombinant inbred lines (RILs; n = 154) derived from a cross between an insensitive line ('Touhoku 129') and a sensitive leading cultivar ('Tachinagaha') during a 6-year evaluation. Three effective QTLs were detected. The influences of these QTLs were in the following order: qGSD1 (LG_H) > qGSD2 (LG_F) > qGSD3 (LG_L). At these three QTLs, 'Touhoku 129' genotypes exhibited more GSD insensitivity than 'Tachinagaha' genotypes. The lower incidence of GSD for 'Touhoku129' was attributable primarily to these three QTLs because RILs harboring a 'Touhoku 129' genotype at the three QTLs exhibited a GSD incidence similar to that of 'Touhoku 129.' Although a limitation of this study is that only one mapping population was evaluated, this QTL information and the flanking markers of these QTLs would be effective tools for resolving GSD in soybean breeding programs.
NARO Institute of Crop Science (NICS) , 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 , Japan.
Tetsuya
T
Yamada
NARO Agricultural Research Center (NARO/ARC) , 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8517 , Japan.
Shinji
S
Shimada
NARO Institute of Crop Science (NICS) , 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 , Japan.
Makita
M
Hajika
NARO Institute of Crop Science (NICS) , 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 , Japan ; NARO Tohoku Agricultural Research Center (NARO/TARC) , 297 Uenodai, Kariwano, Daisen, Akita 019-2112 , Japan.
Kaori
K
Hirata
NARO Institute of Crop Science (NICS) , 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 , Japan.
Koji
K
Takahashi
NARO Institute of Crop Science (NICS) , 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 , Japan.
Taiko
T
Nagaya
NARO Agricultural Research Center (NARO/ARC) , 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8517 , Japan.
Hideo
H
Hamaguchi
NARO Agricultural Research Center (NARO/ARC) , 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8517 , Japan.
Tomiya
T
Maekawa
National Institute of Agrobiological Science (NIAS) , 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602 , Japan.
Takashi
T
Sayama
NARO Agricultural Research Center (NARO/ARC) , 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8517 , Japan ; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba , 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 , Japan.
Takeshi
T
Hayashi
National Institute of Agrobiological Science (NIAS) , 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602 , Japan.
Masao
M
Ishimoto
NARO Institute of Crop Science (NICS) , 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 , Japan ; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba , 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 , Japan.
Junichi
J
Tanaka
DNA marker; Glycine max (L.) Merr.; QTL; green stem disorder; maturity gene; qGSD1; soybean