Supporting living well with hearing loss: A Delphi review of self-management support.
OBJECTIVE
To assess consensus amongst stakeholders in adult auditory rehabilitation on what processes might support self-management.


METHODS
A three-round Delphi review was conducted online. Participants responded to five questions relating to living well with a hearing loss and the clinical processes that might support living well. Responses were analysed using thematic analysis. In further rounds, statements arising from the analysis were scored using a nine-point Likert scale, independently and then in the light of the collated panel responses. Statements reaching pre-defined criteria for consensus were identified.


METHODS
A panel of 26 stakeholders in adult auditory rehabilitation were consulted, including people with hearing loss and researchers and professionals who design and implement process change.


RESULTS
There was consensus on clinical skills and behaviours that might help individuals live well, including processes that inform and involve the individual with the hearing loss (e.g. providing information about hearing and collaborative goal setting, respectively). The panel identified potential emotional, cognitive, and behavioural markers for living well with a hearing loss.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this review provide a rationale for the development and evaluation of interventions that include collaborative clinical behaviours as part of self-management support.
a * Department of Health Care Management and Policy , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK.
Fiona
F
Barker
b School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK.|c Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Manchester , UK.
Kevin J
KJ
Munro
a * Department of Health Care Management and Policy , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK.
Simon
S
de Lusignan
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001307:Auditory Perception; D003071:Cognition; D032921:Consensus; D012048:Correction of Hearing Impairment / Q000379:methods*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003697:Delphi Technique; D004644:Emotions; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D019986:Persons with Hearing Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*
Delphi review; Hearing loss; consensus process; self-management support