Troublesome heterotopic ossification and stroke: Features and risk factors. A case control study.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the features of stroke-related HO in a large sample of patients and to assess if HO risk is increased by haemorrhagic stroke.


METHODS
A case control study (risk factor of a rare event using retrospective analysis).


METHODS
Sixty-one patients with stroke-81 troublesome HOs-were included, each was matched with four controls, i.e. 244 patients with no HO after stroke. Matching criteria were age (±3.5 years) and sex. Data recorded were time from stroke to surgery, ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke and presence of HO risk factors.


RESULTS
Mean age at time of stroke = 46.02 ± 11.4 years (15.9-76.3) for the case sub-group. Time from stroke to surgery = 23.4 ± 27.8 months (3.6-150.0). There was a significant relationship between haemorrhagic stroke and HO development (OR = 3.01; 95% CI = 1.14-7.98; p < 0.05), but not for ischaemic stroke. This became non-significant when all matching and risk factors were included in the model (adjusted OR = 1.98; 95% CI = 0.60-6.54; p = 0.26).


CONCLUSIONS
Haemorrhagic stroke appears to increase the risk of HO development. Further studies are required to determine if this risk factor is independent from other comorbid factors.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré , Garches , France .
François
F
Genêt
Kambiz
K
Minooee
Claire
C
Jourdan
Alexis
A
Ruet
Philippe
P
Denormandie
Alexis
A
Schnitzler
D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors
Epidemiology; hemiplegic; heterotopic ossification; stroke