Application of an aqueous two-phase micellar system to extract bromelain from pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel waste and analysis of bromelain stability in cosmetic formulations.
Bromelain is a set of proteolytic enzymes found in pineapple (Ananas comosus) tissues such as stem, fruit and leaves. Because of its proteolytic activity, bromelain has potential applications in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. The present study focused on the recovery of bromelain from pineapple peel by liquid-liquid extraction in aqueous two-phase micellar systems (ATPMS), using Triton X-114 (TX-114) and McIlvaine buffer, in the absence and presence of electrolytes CaCl2 and KI; the cloud points of the generated extraction systems were studied by plotting binodal curves. Based on the cloud points, three temperatures were selected for extraction: 30, 33, and 36°C for systems in the absence of salts; 40, 43, and 46°C in the presence of KI; 24, 27, and 30°C in the presence of CaCl2 . Total protein and enzymatic activities were analyzed to monitor bromelain. Employing the ATPMS chosen for extraction (0.5 M KI with 3% TX-114, at pH 6.0, at 40°C), the bromelain extract stability was assessed after incorporation into three cosmetic bases: an anhydrous gel, a cream, and a cream-gel formulation. The cream-gel formulation presented as the most appropriate base to convey bromelain, and its optimal storage conditions were found to be 4.0 ± 0.5°C. The selected ATPMS enabled the extraction of a biomolecule with high added value from waste lined-up in a cosmetic formulation, allowing for exploration of further cosmetic potential.
Dept. of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Lívia Genovez
LG
Spir
Dept. of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Janaína Artem
JA
Ataide
Dept. of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Letícia Celia
LC
De Lencastre Novaes
Dept. of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Patrícia
P
Moriel
Dept. of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.|Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Priscila Gava
PG
Mazzola
Federal University of Rio De Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé University Campus, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Daniela
D
De Borba Gurpilhares
Genetics and Biochemistry Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Edgar
E
Silveira
Dept. of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Adalberto
A
Pessoa
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Elias Basile
EB
Tambourgi
D031230:Ananas / Q000201:enzymology*; D001709:Biotechnology; D001963:Bromelains / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry*; D008823:Micelles
D003358:Cosmetics; D008823:Micelles; D001963:Bromelains
bromelain; cosmetic stability; enzyme purification; liquid-liquid extraction; protein partition