High Frequency of Codon 12 but not Codon 13 and 61 K-ras Gene Mutations in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast in a South Indian Population.
BACKGROUND
Ras genes are thought to play an important role in human cancer since they have been found to be activated frequently in several types of tumors including breast cancer, where the overall incidence of K-RAS oncogene activation is 0-10%. Evaluation of K-RAS gene not only for mutational frequency but also for mutation types in this downstream signaling gene pathway is necessary to determine the mechanisms of action. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that K-RAS activation is involved in breast cancer risk of south Indian population.


METHODS
A total of 70 paired pathologically confirmed tumor and non-tumor tissues from the same breast cancer patients were analysed for most common K-RAS mutations of codon 12,13 and 61 by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion and direct nucleotide sequencing method.


RESULTS
We found that a high rate of homozygous and heterozygous mutations of codon 12, but not codon 13 and 61, may influence the invasive ductal carcinoma of breast risk in this study.


CONCLUSIONS
Our study indicated that only codon 12 may be involved in initiating breast carcinogenesis in India.
Department of Genetics, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India E-mail : ccknaidu@gmail.com.
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Sushma
Shiva
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Prasad
Rudrama
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Devi
Sudha
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Murthy
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Rao
Ck
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Naidu
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000235:genetics*; D003062:Codon; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
D003062:Codon; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins