Structural identification and immunostimulating activity of a Laminaria japonica polysaccharide.
In the present study, a new water-soluble polysaccharide (LJP-11) was obtained from Laminaria japonica by anion exchange DEAE-cellulose chromatography and Sephacryl S-500 chromatography. The average molecular weight of this polysaccharide was estimated to be about 2.89×10(6) Da by high performance liquid chromatography system. Gas chromatography showed that LJP-11 was composed of arabinose, mannose and glucose in a molar ratio of 1.0:1.16:6.33. LJP-11 contains a long backbone consisting of (1→4)-β-D-GlcpAc, (1→4)-α-D-Glcp, (1→6)-β-D-Glcp and (1→3,6)-α-D-Manp. The 1-linked β-L-Araf was linked to the C-6 of (1→3)-α-D-Manp and the sulfate group was attached to the C-4 of (1→6)-β-D-Glcp. Pharmacological tests displayed that LJP-11 can stimulate macrophages to release NO, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 as well as the up-regulation of their gene expressions, indicating LJP-11 has beneficial effects on immunostimulation. Moreover, LJP-11 exhibited positive effects on the translocation of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus and the phosphorylation of IκBα, ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and P38 in macrophages. These results suggested that the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways is one of the mechanisms responsible for the immunostimulating activity of LJP-11.
School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China. Electronic address: zhaxueqiang@hfut.edu.cn.
Xue-Qiang
XQ
Zha
School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China.
Chao-Qun
CQ
Lu
School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China.
Shao-Hua
SH
Cui
School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China.
Li-Hua
LH
Pan
School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China.
Hai-Lin
HL
Zhang
School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China.
Jun-Hui
JH
Wang
School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China. Electronic address: jianpingluo@hfut.edu.cn.
Jian-Ping
JP
Luo
D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D007795:Laminaria / Q000737:chemistry; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D016207:Cytokines; D006027:Glycosides; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D009005:Monosaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Immunostimulation; Laminaria japonica; Polysaccharide