Histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient at 3.0t: Correlation with prognostic factors and subtypes of invasive ductal carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram parameters that show correlations with prognostic factors and subtypes of breast cancer.


METHODS
At 3.0T, various ADC histogram parameters were calculated including the entire tumor volume in 173 invasive ductal carcinomas: the minimum, 10th percentile, mean, median, 90th percentile, and maximum. ADC parameters were correlated with prognostic factors and subtype.


RESULTS
The mean ADCmedian value was significantly higher in the group with lymph node metastasis, HER2 positivity, and a Ki-67 value <14% than in the group with negativity for lymph node metastasis, HER2 negativity, and a Ki-67 value ≥14% (0.907, 0.978, and 0.941 vs. 0.735, 0.778, and 0.761 × 10(-3) mm(2) /s, respectively) (P < 0.01). There was no significant correlation between ADCmedian and tumor size, histologic grade, estrogen receptor expression, and progesterone receptor expression (P = 0.272, 0.113, 0.261, and 0.181, respectively). For most ADC parameters except for ADCmin , the mean of variable ADC parameters of HER2-positive, luminal A, luminal B-HER2(+), triple-negative, and luminal B-HER2(-) diseases were arranged in descending order (1.175, 0.936, 0.863, 0.811, and 0.665 × 10(-3) mm(2) /s in ADCmedian , respectively) with statistical significant difference (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, histologic grade, the Ki-67 index, and HER2 expression were statistically significant explanatory prognostic factors for ADCmedian and the Ki-67 index had the most robust effects on ADC parameters (standardized coefficient = -0.317).


CONCLUSIONS
Various ADC parameters were correlated with prognostic factors and subtype, except for ADCmin . HER2 positivity showed high ADC values and high Ki-67 index revealed low ADC values.
Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Eun Jeong
EJ
Kim
Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Sung Hun
SH
Kim
Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Ga Eun
GE
Park
Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Bong Joo
BJ
Kang
Department of General Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Byung Joo
BJ
Song
Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi, Korea.
Yun Ju
YJ
Kim
College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Dongeon
D
Lee
College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Hyunsoo
H
Ahn
College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Inah
I
Kim
Siemens Healthcare, Seoul, Korea.
Yo Han
YH
Son
Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany.
Robert
R
Grimm
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D015588:Observer Variation; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human
Ki-67 antigen; breast; carcinoma; diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; ductal; erbB-2; estrogen; genes; progesterone; receptor