Assessing the standards of online oral hygiene instructions for patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.
BACKGROUND
The authors conducted this study to assess the quality of the information available on the Web about oral hygiene for patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.


METHODS
The authors entered the search terms "cleaning braces," "brushing braces," and "oral hygiene and braces" into Google, Yahoo, and Bing search engines. They analyzed Web sites satisfying the inclusion criteria from the first 20 hits of each search for accessibility, usability, and reliability by using the LIDA instrument; for readability by using the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) score; and for the completeness of oral hygiene instructions.


RESULTS
Sixty-two Web sites met the inclusion criteria. The mean total LIDA score of 71.2 indicated the moderate quality of the design of the reviewed Web sites. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) values of LIDA scores for accessibility, usability, and reliability were 85.9 (7.0), 63.4 (16.1), and 48.0 (10.4), respectively. The mean (SD) FRE Score of 68.6 (9.7) applied to standard reading skills. The completeness of information (mean [SD] = 67.1 [27.8]) presented the highest variability.


CONCLUSIONS
Overall, the authors found that the standards of online oral hygiene materials for orthodontic patients with fixed appliances exhibited modest scores. Readability appeared to be appropriate for young adolescents, whereas the comprehensiveness of the displayed information was highly variable. Further improvement of the infrastructure of electronic health information (that is, e-health) in orthodontics is necessary to meet patients' needs.


CONCLUSIONS
Given the moderate quality of oral hygiene instruction available on the Web for patients with fixed appliances, orthodontic patients and caregivers should be cautious when browsing the Internet for relevant information. Dental professionals should refer patients to valid Web-based educational materials.
Willem A
WA
Verhoef
Christos
C
Livas
Konstantina
K
Delli
Yijin
Y
Ren
D000293:Adolescent; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000193:education*; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000592:standards*
Internet; Oral hygiene; orthodontic appliances; patient education