Precision and predictive medicine in urothelial cancer: are we making progress?
Therapy for urothelial carcinoma appears poised for a breakthrough on the basis of information regarding molecular subtypes and promising activity of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Precision medicine may be possible using rational marker-driven trial designs with enriched information from tumor genotyping and extreme responders.
Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: joaquim_bellmunt@dfci.harvard.edu.
Joaquim
J
Bellmunt
Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Anna
A
Orsola
Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Guru
G
Sonpavde
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D023281:Genomics; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000639:trends; D018579:Patient Selection; D010641:Phenotype; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003226:Congresses as Topic
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor