Ion-exchange method in the collection of nitrate from freshwater ecosystems for nitrogen and oxygen isotope analysis: a review.
Nitrate (NO3(-)) contamination of freshwater is considered one of the most prevalent global environmental problems. Dual stable isotopic compositions (δ(15)N and δ(18)O) of NO3(-) can provide helpful information and have been well documented as being a powerful tool to track the source of NO3(-) in freshwater ecosystems. The ion-exchange method is a reliable and precise technique for measuring the δ(15)N and δ(18)O of NO3(-) and has been widely employed to collect NO3(-) from freshwater ecosystems. This review summarizes and presents the principles, affecting factors and corresponding significant improvements of the ion-exchange method. Finally, potential improvements and perspectives for the applicability of this method are also discussed, as are suggestions for further research and development drawn from the overall conclusions.
Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
Wen-Bing
WB
Li
Yao-Bin
YB
Song
Hong-Ke
HK
Xu
Ling-Yun
LY
Chen
Wen-Hong
WH
Dai
Ming
M
Dong
D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D007474:Ion Exchange; D007554:Isotopes; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis*; D009584:Nitrogen; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010100:Oxygen; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D007554:Isotopes; D009566:Nitrates; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen