Rapid maxillary expansion: Do banded teeth develop more external root resorption than non-banded anchorage teeth?
OBJECTIVE
To compare external root resorption (ERR) when bands and wires are used as orthodontic anchorage during rapid maxillary expansion (RME).


METHODS
Histologic analysis was performed on 108 sites from 18 maxillary first premolars and on 36 sites from six mandibular first premolars in nine subjects (mean age = 15.2 ± 1.4 years) 3 months after RME. Maxillary teeth were pooled into two groups (n = 54 each) according to the type of orthodontic anchorage (band group [BG] vs wire group [WG]). Anchorage type was randomly chosen in a split-mouth design. Mandibular first premolars, which were not subjected to orthodontic forces, were used as the control group (CG).


RESULTS
All premolars in the BG and WG showed ERR at the level of the cementum and dentin. Repair with cementum cells was observed in all resorption areas, but complete repair was rarely found. No statistically significant difference was found between the BG and WG with regard to the ERR. No association was found between the root height position (middle or cervical third) and the incidence of ERR. Buccal root surfaces showed a higher amount of ERR compared with the palatal and interproximal surfaces. ERR was not found in any teeth in the CG.


CONCLUSIONS
All maxillary first premolars subjected to RME showed ERR and partial cementum repair. Banded teeth did not develop more ERR than nonbanded anchorage teeth.
a  Currently serving the Brazilian Army Dental Service, Manaus, Brazil; Former Orthodontic Resident, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Débora C
DC
Martins
b  Associate Professor of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Bernardo Q
BQ
Souki
a  Currently serving the Brazilian Army Dental Service, Manaus, Brazil; Former Orthodontic Resident, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Paula L
PL
Cheib
c  Associate Professor of Histology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Gerluza A B
GA
Silva
d  Biomedicine undergraduate student, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Igor D G
ID
Reis
b  Associate Professor of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Dauro D
DD
Oliveira
e  Associate Professor of Endodontics, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Eduardo
E
Nunes
D000293:Adolescent; D001641:Bicuspid; D003739:Dental Cementum; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000009:adverse effects; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000209:etiology*; D014092:Tooth Root
Histology; Rapid maxillary expansion; Root resorption