Special Effect of Ionic Liquids on the Extraction of Flavonoid Glycosides from Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat by Microwave Assistance.
A microwave-assisted extraction approach based on ionic liquids of different chain lengths was successfully applied to the extraction of ten flavonoid glycosides from the flowering heads of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. The pretreated sample was quantified by HPLC-ESI-MSn. The main components were identified as flavonoid glycosides, including three luteolin glycosides, three apigenin glycosides, three kaempferide glycosides, and one acacetin glycoside according to the characteristics of the corresponding CID mass spectrometric patterns. Eight ionic liquids from the imidazolium family with different chain lengths, namely, 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, [Cnmim]Br, (n=2-16) were studied as extraction medium in water. Results indicated that alkyl chain length had an irregular impact on the extraction efficiency. Moreover, the best extraction efficiency was achieved by 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution ([C12mim]Br). Besides the alkyl chain length of the cations, other factors influencing extraction efficiency were systematically investigated, including concentration of the IL solutions, extraction time, matrix-to-solvent ratio and irradiation power.
College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China. zhouyingand@sina.cn.
Ying
Y
Zhou
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China. wdt110328@zju.edu.cn.
Datong
D
Wu
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China. caipeng2757@sina.com.
Pengfei
P
Cai
College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China. 18757698316@163.com.
Guifang
G
Cheng
College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China. hcb@zjnu.cn.|Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China. hcb@zjnu.cn.
Chaobiao
C
Huang
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China. panyuanjiang@zju.edu.cn.
Yuanjiang
Y
Pan
D031202:Chrysanthemum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D008872:Microwaves; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D005419:Flavonoids; D006027:Glycosides; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water