Coating lithium titanate with nitrogen-doped carbon by simple refluxing for high-power lithium-ion batteries.
Nitrogen-doped carbon is coated on lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12, LTO) via a simple chemical refluxing process, using ethylenediamine (EDA) as the carbon and nitrogen source. The process incorporates a carbon coating doped with a relatively high amount of nitrogen to form a conducting network on the LTO matrix. The introduction of N dopants in the carbon matrix leads to a higher density of C vacancies, resulting in improved lithium-ion diffusion. The uniform coating of nitrogen-doped carbon on Li4Ti5O12 (CN-LTO) enhances the electronic conductivity of a CN-LTO electrode and the corresponding electrochemical properties of the cell employing the electrode. The results of our study demonstrate that the CN-LTO anode exhibits higher rate capability and cycling performance over 100 cycles. From the electrochemical tests performed, the specific capacity of CN-LTO electrode at higher rates of 20 and 50 C are found to be 140.7 and 82.3 mAh g(-1), respectively. In addition, the CN-Li4Ti5O12 anode attained higher capacity retention of 100% at 1 C rate after 100 cycles and 92.9% at 10 C rate after 300 cycles.
†Center for Energy Convergence, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|§Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajungro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
Hoang-Long
HL
Du
†Center for Energy Convergence, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
Min-Gi
MG
Jeong
†Center for Energy Convergence, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
Yoon-Sung
YS
Lee
†Center for Energy Convergence, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|§Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajungro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
Wonchang
W
Choi
†Center for Energy Convergence, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|§Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajungro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
Joong Kee
JK
Lee
†Center for Energy Convergence, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|§Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajungro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
In-Hwan
IH
Oh
†Center for Energy Convergence, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|§Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajungro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
Hun-Gi
HG
Jung
anode; high power density; lithium ion battery; lithium titanate; nitrogen-doped carbon coating