Obstructive sleep apnea and diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
There is convincing evidence that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly associated with impaired glucose metabolism.


OBJECTIVE
Analyze the prevalence of OSA in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Evaluate the influence of OSA on glycemic control.


METHODS
The adult patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) followed in the department of internal medicine were referred to our Sleep Unit. A home respiratory polygraphy was then performed on all patients with body mass index (BMI) <40 kg/m(2). The glycemic control was assessed by the value of glycated hemoglobin (Hba1c) in the previous 3 months.


RESULTS
A total of 46 patients were studied (20 men and 26 women), the mean age was 50±15 years and mean BMI was 28.6±4.9 kg/m(2). The mean Hba1c was 8.3±1.2. Twenty three patients had type 2 DM and 23 patients had type 1 DM. Twenty nine patients (63.0%) had OSA and 8.7% had severe OSA (AHI>30/h). The mean CT90 was 5.3±12.5 and the mean AHI was 13.6±18.3. The mean AHI was similar between type 1 and type 2 DM (15.7±24.5 Vs 11.6±8.9; p=0.46). The AHI was not correlated with the BMI. Type 2 DM patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c>7.5%) had a significantly higher mean AHI (14.3±9.0 vs 6.4±6.2; p=0.038). This difference did not remain significant after adjustment for BMI (p=0.151).


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of OSA in type 1 DM is similar to that found in type 2 DM. We note the high prevalence of OSA in younger patients with type 1 DM.
Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal. Electronic address: jorge_mvale@hotmail.com.
Jorge
J
Vale
Serviço de Medicina 1 do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Paula
P
Manuel
Serviço de Medicina 1 do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Eurico
E
Oliveira
Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Ana Rita
AR
Oliveira
Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Eloisa
E
Silva
Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Vitor
V
Melo
Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Marta
M
Sousa
Serviço de Medicina 1 do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
João Carlos
JC
Alexandre
Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Isabel
I
Gil
Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Amparo
A
Sanchez
Serviço de Medicina 1 do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
Edite
E
Nascimento
Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
António Simões
AS
Torres
D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism
D005947:Glucose
Diabetes mellitus; Glycemic control; Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome