Sonographically based diagnosis of contralateral malignancy in preoperative patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to assess the usefulness of sonographically based diagnosis to predict whether contralaterally located dominant thyroid nodules are malignant or benign in patients with known papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.


METHODS
We studied 143 patients with primary papillary thyroid microcarcinoma who underwent preoperative thyroid sonography. Each dominant thyroid nodule was prospectively classified into 1 of 5 diagnostic categories by a single radiologist: benign, probably benign, borderline, possibly malignant, and malignant. We calculated the efficacy of sonographic diagnosis for contralateral malignancy by using histopathologic or long-term sonographic follow-up results as reference standards.


RESULTS
Of the 143 primary papillary thyroid microcarcinomas, 17 showed satellite carcinomas; hence, the bilaterality rate in all patients was 11.9% (17 of 143). Real-time sonography of the contralateral thyroid yielded no thyroid nodules (n = 55) and benign (n = 52), probably benign (n = 10), borderline (n = 13), possibly malignant (n = 4), and malignant (n = 9) nodules. When the borderline sonographic class was excluded, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of sonographic diagnosis for detecting contralateral malignancy were 86.7%, 100%, 100%, 98.3%, and 98.5%, respectively. Within individual sonographic classes for the dominant thyroid nodules, the diagnostic accuracy rates for classes IV and V (possibly malignant and malignant) were higher than those for other classes.


CONCLUSIONS
Sonographically based diagnosis may be helpful for detection of contralateral malignancy in preoperative patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.
Departments of Radiology (D.W.K.), General Surgery (H.K.P., T.K.H., S.H.K.), Pathology (S.J.J.), Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.H.K.), and Nuclear Medicine (S.K.B.), Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea dwultra@lycos.co.kr.
Dong Wook
DW
Kim
Departments of Radiology (D.W.K.), General Surgery (H.K.P., T.K.H., S.H.K.), Pathology (S.J.J.), Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.H.K.), and Nuclear Medicine (S.K.B.), Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Ha Kyoung
HK
Park
Departments of Radiology (D.W.K.), General Surgery (H.K.P., T.K.H., S.H.K.), Pathology (S.J.J.), Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.H.K.), and Nuclear Medicine (S.K.B.), Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Tae Kwun
TK
Ha
Departments of Radiology (D.W.K.), General Surgery (H.K.P., T.K.H., S.H.K.), Pathology (S.J.J.), Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.H.K.), and Nuclear Medicine (S.K.B.), Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Sang Hyo
SH
Kim
Departments of Radiology (D.W.K.), General Surgery (H.K.P., T.K.H., S.H.K.), Pathology (S.J.J.), Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.H.K.), and Nuclear Medicine (S.K.B.), Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Soo Jin
SJ
Jung
Departments of Radiology (D.W.K.), General Surgery (H.K.P., T.K.H., S.H.K.), Pathology (S.J.J.), Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.H.K.), and Nuclear Medicine (S.K.B.), Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Do Hun
DH
Kim
Departments of Radiology (D.W.K.), General Surgery (H.K.P., T.K.H., S.H.K.), Pathology (S.J.J.), Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.H.K.), and Nuclear Medicine (S.K.B.), Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Sang Kyun
SK
Bae
D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D018579:Patient Selection; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
bilaterality; head and neck ultrasound; malignancy; papillary thyroid microcarcinoma; sonography; thyroid