Novel anti-inflammatory therapies for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
The underlying role of inflammation in atherosclerosis has been characterized. However, current treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) predominantly consists of targeted reductions in serum lipoprotein levels rather than combating the deleterious effects of acute and chronic inflammation. Vascular inflammation acts by a number of different molecular and cellular pathways to contribute to atherogenesis. Over the last decades, both basic studies and clinical trials have provided evidence for the potential benefits of treatment of inflammation in CAD. During this period, development of pharmacotherapies directed towards inflammation in atherosclerosis has accelerated quickly. This review will highlight specific therapies targeting interleukin-1β (IL-1β), P-selectin and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). It will also aim to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of serpin administration, colchicine and intravenous HDL-directed treatment of CAD. We summarize the mechanistic rationale and evidence for these novel anti-inflammatory treatments at both the experimental and clinical levels.
Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada. Electronic address: razi.khan@gmail.com.
Razi
R
Khan
Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada.
Vincent
V
Spagnoli
Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada.
Jean-Claude
JC
Tardif
Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada. Electronic address: philippe.l_lallier@icloud.com.
Philippe L
PL
L'Allier
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001158:Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008055:Lipids
5-Lipoxygenase; Colchicine; Interleukin-1β; Intravenous HDL; P-Selectin; Serpin