Development of monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum thioredoxin peroxidase 1 and its possible application for malaria diagnosis.
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been considered as an ideal alternative for light microscopy to detect malaria parasites especially in remote areas. The development and improvement of RDTs is an area of intensive research in the last decade. To date, few parasite proteins have been targeted in RDTs which are known to have certain deficiencies and made the researchers to look for other promising candidates to address this problem. Plasmodium falciparum thioredoxin peroxidase 1 (PfTPx-1) is abundantly expressed in the cytoplasm of the parasite and well conserved across Plasmodium species, making this antigen a promising target for malaria diagnosis. Several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were produced against PfTPx-1. The binding affinities of mAbs were measured. Several immunochromatographic tests (ICTs) were developed using different combination of mAbs. All mAbs showed promising affinities to be used for diagnosis. The sensitivities of ICTs were evaluated using recombinant PfTPx-1 whose results lead us to the preparation of 4 different ICTs. These tests showed positive reaction with P. falciparum in vitro culture supernatant indicating the release of PfTPx-1 during schizont rupture. Altogether, these findings suggest that PfTPx-1 is a promising biomarker to diagnose P. falciparum infection. However, the diagnostic performance of this antigen should be further validated using clinical samples.
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
Hassan
H
Hakimi
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
Yasuyuki
Y
Goto
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
Keisuke
K
Suganuma
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
Jose Ma M
JM
Angeles
Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi Mibu 321-0293, Japan.
Satoru
S
Kawai
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
Noboru
N
Inoue
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan. Electronic address: skawazu@obihiro.ac.jp.
Shin-ichiro
S
Kawazu
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000915:Antibody Affinity; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000175:diagnosis*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000276:immunology*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D016790:Plasmodium knowlesi / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D054464:Peroxiredoxins
Malaria diagnosis; Plasmodium falciparum; Rapid diagnostic test; Thioredoxin peroxidase 1