Comparison of the effects of five dietary fibers on mucosal transcriptional profiles, and luminal microbiota composition and SCFA concentrations in murine colon.
METHODS
The aim of our study was to investigate and compare the effects of five fibers on the mucosal transcriptome, together with alterations in the luminal microbiota composition and SCFA concentrations in the colon.


RESULTS
Mice were fed fibers that differed in carbohydrate composition or a control diet for 10 days. Colonic gene expression profiles and luminal microbiota composition were determined by microarray techniques, and integrated using multivariate statistics. Our data showed a distinct reaction of the host and microbiota to resistant starch, a fiber that was not completely fermented in the colon, whereas the other fibers induced similar responses on gene expression and microbiota. Consistent associations were revealed between fiber-induced enrichment of Clostridium cluster IV and XIVa representatives, and changes in mucosal expression of genes related to energy metabolism. The nuclear receptor PPAR-γ was predicted to be an important regulator of the mucosal responses.


CONCLUSIONS
Results of this exploratory study suggest that despite different sources and composition, fermentable fibers induce a highly similar mucosal response that may at least be partially governed by PPAR-γ.
Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Katja
K
Lange
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Floor
F
Hugenholtz
Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Melliana C
MC
Jonathan
Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Henk A
HA
Schols
Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Michiel
M
Kleerebezem
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Hauke
H
Smidt
Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Michael
M
Müller
Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Guido J E J
GJ
Hooiveld
D000818:Animals; D003013:Clostridium / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003106:Colon / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D005685:Galactans / Q000378:metabolism; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D007444:Inulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000378:metabolism; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D058889:Molecular Typing; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000378:metabolism; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D014990:Xylans / Q000378:metabolism
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D047495:PPAR gamma; D053149:Plant Gums; D014990:Xylans; C120489:oligofructose; D013213:Starch; D007444:Inulin; C085118:arabinoxylan; C007894:guar gum
Colon; Dietary fiber; Gut health; Microbiota; Transcriptomics