Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg fruit glandular hairs extract promotes wound healing on different wound model in rats.
BACKGROUND
Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg (MP, Euphorbiaceae) are widely distributed perennial shrub or small tree in tropical and subtropical region in outer Himalayas regions. Since, Mallotus philippinensis have been shown to have a number of medicinal values. Hence our present study was to investigate the healing potential of fruit extract in rat wound models.


METHODS
The study includes acute toxicity and wound healing potential of 50% ethanol extract of MP fruit glandular hair (MPE). MPE (200 mg/kg) was administered orally, once daily for 10 days (incision and dead space wound) and 22 days (excision wound). MPE was found safe when given to rats upto 10 times of optimal effective dose. Wound breaking strength (WBS) in Incision wound and rate of contraction, period of epithelization and scar area in Excision wound were evaluated. Granulation tissue free radicals (nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation), antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione), acute inflammatory marker (myeloperoxidase), connective tissue markers (hydroxyproline, hexosamine, and hexuronic acid), and deep connective tissue histology were studied in Dead space wound.


RESULTS
MPE significantly increased WBS and enhanced wound contraction, and decreased both epithelization period and scar area compared with control group. MPE was found to decrease free radicals (50.8 to 55.2%, P<0.001) and myeloperoxidase (44.0%, P<0.001) but enhanced antioxidants (41.1 to 54.5%, P<0.05 to P<0.001) and connective tissue markers (39.5 to 67.3%, P<0.05 to P<0.01). Histopathological evaluation revealed more density of collagen formation with minimal inflammatory cells in deeper tissues.


CONCLUSIONS
Thus, the study revealed Mallotus philippinensis fruit hair extract, safe and effective in wound healing and the healing effects seemed to be due to decrease in free radical generated tissue damage, promoting effects on antioxidant status and faster collagen deposition as evidenced biochemically and histology.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Modern Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India. mayankgangwar2008@gmail.com.|Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Modern Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India. mayankgangwar2008@gmail.com.
Mayank
M
Gangwar
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Modern Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India. manishpharmacology@gmail.com.
Manish Kumar
MK
Gautam
Department of Dravyaguna, Government College & Hospital, S.S.V.V., Varanasi, 221002, India. drshivanighildiyal@gmail.com.
Shivani
S
Ghildiyal
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Modern Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India. gopalnath@gmail.com.
Gopal
G
Nath
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Modern Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India. rkgoelbhu50@gmail.com.
Raj Kumar
RK
Goel
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D036461:Mallotus Plant; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D005609:Free Radicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003094:Collagen