Stability of root coverage outcomes at single maxillary gingival recession with loss of interdental attachment: 3-year extension results from a randomized, controlled, clinical trial.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to assess the stability of root coverage outcomes 3 years after Connective Tissue Graft (CTG) plus Coronally Advanced Flap (CAF) or CAF alone at single maxillary gingival recession with minimal inter-dental clinical attachment loss.


METHODS
Twenty-four of the original 29 patients, 13 treated with CAF + CTG and 11 with CAF, were available for the 3-year follow-up. Measurements were performed by a blind and calibrated examiner. Outcome measures included complete root coverage (CRC), recession reduction (RecRed), Root coverage Esthetic Score (RES) and Keratinized Tissue (KT) Gain. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate patient satisfaction.


RESULTS
After 3 years, CAF + CTG resulted in better outcomes in terms of CRC (p = 0.0054) than CAF alone. No difference was detected in terms of RecRed, RES score and VAS values. Furthermore, CAF + CTG was associated with higher KT gain than CAF at the last follow-up (p < 0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
Root coverage outcomes in single gingival recession with inter-dental CAL loss are stable after 3 years. The application of CTG under CAF was associated with increased probability to obtain CRC than CAF alone at the final follow-up.
Section of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Francesco
F
Cairo
Accademia Toscana di Ricerca Odontostomatologia (ATRO), Florence, Italy.
Pierpaolo
P
Cortellini
European Research Group on Periodontology (ERGOPERIO), Berne, Switzerland.
Maurizio
M
Tonetti
Section of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Michele
M
Nieri
Section of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Jana
J
Mervelt
Section of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Gabriella
G
Pagavino
Section of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Giovan Paolo
GP
Pini-Prato
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000637:transplantation; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000601:surgery; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000601:surgery; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing / Q000379:methods; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000601:surgery; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D064232:Visual Analog Scale
D007633:Keratins
clinical attachment level; connective tissue graft; coronally advanced flap; gingival recession; randomized clinical trial; root coverage