Hepatitis B virus epidemiology.
The epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is geographically diverse, with population prevalence, age and mode of acquisition, and likelihood of progression to chronic infection mutually interdependent. The burden of chronic HBV infection is increasingly being recognized, with cirrhosis and liver cancer attributable to HBV continuing to increase. The outcomes of chronic HBV infection are affected by a range of factors, including viral genotype, the presence of coinfections with other blood-borne viruses, and the impact of other causes of liver disease. The increased recognition of HBV infection as a leading cause of death globally has resulted in the development of new structures and policies at the international level; immediate attention to implementing these strategies is now required.
Epidemiology Unit, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia.
Jennifer H
JH
MacLachlan
Epidemiology Unit, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia.
Benjamin C
BC
Cowie
D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000821:virology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000821:virology*; D012307:Risk Factors
D004279:DNA, Viral