Maternal consumption of non-staple food in the first trimester and risk of neural tube defects in offspring.
To study the associations between maternal consumption of non-staple food in the first trimester and risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in offspring. Data collected from a hospital-based case-control study conducted between 2006 and 2008 in Shandong/Shanxi provinces including 459 mothers with NTDs-affected births and 459 mothers without NTDs-affected births. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between maternal consumption of non-staple food in the first trimester and risk of NTDs in offspring. The effects were evaluated by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) with SAS9.1.3.software. Maternal consumption of milk, fresh fruits and nuts in the first trimester were protective factors for total NTDs. Compared with consumption frequency of ˂1 meal/week, the ORs for milk consumption frequency of 1-2, 3-6, ≥7 meals/week were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.28-0.88), 0.56 (0.32-0.99), and 0.59 (0.38-0.90), respectively; the ORs for fresh fruits consumption frequency of 1-2, 3-6, ≥7 meals/week were 0.29 (95% CI: 0.12-0.72), 0.22 (0.09-0.53), and 0.32 (0.14-0.71), respectively; the ORs for nuts consumption frequency of 1-2, 3-6, ≥7 meals/week were 0.60 (95% CI: 0.38-0.94), 0.49 (0.31-0.79), and 0.63 (0.36-1.08), respectively. Different effects of above factors on NTDs were found for subtypes of anencephaly and spina bifida. Maternal non-staple food consumption of milk, fresh fruits and nuts in the first trimester was associated with reducing NTDs risk in offspring.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China. mwang@cdc.zj.cn.|Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China. mwang@cdc.zj.cn.
Meng
M
Wang
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China. mycdc1234@163.com.
Zhi-Ping
ZP
Wang
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China. lijiegao@sdu.edu.cn.
Li-Jie
LJ
Gao
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China. hyangsd1234@163.com.
Hui
H
Yang
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China. ztzhao@sdu.edu.cn.
Zhong-Tang
ZT
Zhao
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D009035:Mothers; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires