[Laboratory medicine and sex differences].
In the field of laboratory medicine, sex differences are found in many clinical tests. Human sex-determination system is at least doubly driven: by sex-chromosomes and by sex-hormones. Karyogram and sex-hormones are typical clinical tests that show sexual dimorphism. Cases of Androgen-Insensitive Syndromes imply sex hormones exert great influences on sex differences found in clinical tests. While childhood, sex steroids secretions from sex-specific organs are inhibited in both sexes. After puberty onset, differences in sex steroids enlarge. In case of females, estrogen secretion decreases in postmenopausal periods. In some of clinical tests, sex differences enlarge after puberty onset, and decrease in postmenopausal periods. Some clinical tests in the field of bone metabolism and lipid metabolism show this kind of sex difference, which seem to be influenced by estrogen.
Motoi
M
Nishimura
Fumio
F
Nomura
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011627:Puberty; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D055815:Young Adult
D004967:Estrogens