Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of total carotenoids from peach palm fruit (Bactris gasipaes) by-products with sunflower oil using response surface methodology.
The present study reports on the extraction of total carotenoids from peach palm fruit by-products with sunflower oil. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effect of process variables on the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Three independent variables including ultrasonic intensity (764-1528, W/m(2)), temperature (25-45°C), and the extraction time (10-30 min). According to the results, the optimal UAE condition was obtained with an ultrasonic intensity of 1528 W/m(2), extraction temperature of 35°C and extraction time of 30 min. At these conditions, extraction maximum extraction of total carotenoids as 163.47 mg/100 g dried peel. The experimental values under optimal condition were in good consistent with the predicted values.
Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Palmira, Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración, Departamento de Ingeniería, Carrera 32 N 12-00, Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Electronic address: leordonezs@unal.edu.co.
Luis Eduardo
LE
Ordóñez-Santos
Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Palmira, Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración, Departamento de Ingeniería, Carrera 32 N 12-00, Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.
Lina Ximena
LX
Pinzón-Zarate
Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Palmira, Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración, Departamento de Ingeniería, Carrera 32 N 12-00, Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.
Luis Octavio
LO
González-Salcedo
D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013696:Temperature; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D002338:Carotenoids
Box–Behnken design; Chontaduro; Peels; Response surface methods; β-Carotene