Biofluid proteases profiling in diabetes mellitus.
The investigation of protease relevance in biologic systems beyond catabolism of proteins and peptides to amino acids has stimulated interest as to their role in the pathogenesis of several disorders including diabetes mellitus (DM). Evaluation of proteases and the assessment of their activity in biofluids are fundamental to elucidate these proteolytic systems in DM and its related complications. In contrast to traditional immunoassay or substrate based approaches that targeted specific proteases and their inhibitors, the field of degradomics has provided a comprehensive approach to study these enzymes. Although the degradome contains over 500 proteases, very few have been associated with DM and its micro- and macrovascular complications. In this paper, we review these proteases and their respective inhibitors with emphasis on DM. It is likely that future research will expand these initial studies and look to develop high throughput automated technologies to identify and characterize biofluid proteases of diagnostic and prognostic value in other pathologies.
QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Fábio
F
Trindade
QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Rita
R
Ferreira
QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Francisco
F
Amado
QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, iBiMED, Health Sciences Program, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: rvitorino@ua.pt.
Rui
R
Vitorino
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002624:Chemistry, Clinical / Q000379:methods*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
Biofluids; Diabetes mellitus; Inhibitors; Proteases