A cross-sectional study of cryptorchidism in children: testicular volume and hormonal function at 18 years of age.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the relationship between unilateral or bilateral criptorchidism, patient age, primary location of the gonad and modality of treatment with testicular volume and hormonal status at 18 years in patients diagnosed and treated for cryptorchidism during childhood.


METHODS
Testicular volume, LH, FSH, and testosterone were evaluated in 143 young men at 18 years treated in childhood for unilateral (n=103) or bilateral (n=40) cryptorchidism.


RESULTS
Unilateral cryptorchidism: Location of testis was prescrotal in 36 patients, inguinal in 52 and non-palpable in 15. The mean volume was 9.7 mL compared to 16.2 L. for the spontaneously descended testicle in unilateral cryptorchidism. However, 22 patients who received HCG had a significantly bigger testis (11.8 mL.) than those treated with primary surgery (9.2 mL). The results showed a significant positive correlation between testicular volume and patient age at treatment. Bilateral cryptorchidism: Location of testis was prescrotal in 34 cases, inguinal in 40 and 6 patients with non-palpable testicles. Mean volume at 18 years was 12.9 mL, greater than unilateral cryptorchid testis (9.7 mL) but smaller than healthy contralateral in unilateral cases (16.2 mL). There were significant differences in the testicular growth for bilateral patients with testicular descent after being treated with HCG (14.4 mL) in respect with those untreated (11.1 mL) or those who underwent primary surgery (11.4 mL). There was a significant positive correlation between the testicular volume and palpable (12.4 mL) or non-palpable testis (10.4 mL). There was a correlation between unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism and levels of FSH.


CONCLUSIONS
Testicular volume and hormonal function at 18 years for patients diagnosed and treated for cryptorchidism during childhood are strongly influenced by whether the undescended testis was unilateral or bilateral. Location of the testes at diagnosis or age of initial treatment exerts no definite effect on testicular volume improvement r hormonal levels at 18 years of age.
Department of Pediatric Surgery & Urology, University Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
R
R
Varela-Cives
Department of Pediatric Surgery & Urology, University Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
R
R
Mendez-Gallart
Department of Pediatric Surgery & Urology, University Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
E
E
Estevez-Martinez
Department of Pediatric Surgery & Urology, University Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
P
P
Rodriguez-Barca
Department of Pediatric Surgery & Urology, University Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
A
A
Bautista-Casasnovas
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
M
M
Pombo-Arias
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
R
R
Tojo-Sierra
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D013739:Testosterone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone