Molecular phylogeography of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Angiostrongylidae) and genetic relationships with congeners using cytochrome b gene marker.
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is an important emerging zoonotic parasite causing human eosinophilic meningitis (or meningoencephalitis) in many parts of the world. To-date there is only a single study using mitochondrial cytochrome b (CYTB) gene to determine its genetic structure in eight geographical localities in Thailand. The present study examined the molecular phylogeography of this rat lungworm and its phylogenetic relationship with congeners using CYTB gene marker. A total of 15 CYTB haplotypes was found in 37 sequences from 14 geographical localities (covering north, west, east, central and south regions) in Thailand. These CYTB haplotypes were distinct from those of A. cantonensis for China and Hawaii. In Thailand, some CYTB haplotypes appeared to be confined to specific geographical localities. The partial CYTB DNA nucleotide sequences separated unequivocally the A. cantonensis isolates of Thailand, China and Hawaii as well as the congeners Angiostrongylus malaysiensis, A. costaricensis and Angiostrongylus vasorum, with A. malaysiensis grouped with A. cantonensis and A. costaricensis grouped with A. vasorum. Likewise the congeners of Metastrongylus and Onchocerca genera could also be clearly differentiated. The present study added two new definitive hosts (Bandicota savilei and Rattus losea) and three new localities (Mae Hong Son in the north, Tak in the west, and Phang Nga in the south) for A. malaysiensis in Thailand, indicating its wide occurrence in the country. Three CYTB haplotypes were found in the Thailand samples of A. malaysiensis. In addition to differentiation of congeners, CYTB gene marker could be used for determining the genetic diversity of a given population/taxon.
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Hoi-Sen
HS
Yong
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Electronic address: praphathip.eam@mahidol.ac.th.
Praphathip
P
Eamsobhana
Chancellory High Impact Research, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Sze-Looi
SL
Song
Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Anchana
A
Prasartvit
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Phaik-Eem
PE
Lim
D017185:Angiostrongylus cantonensis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes; D006254:Hawaii; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny; D051381:Rats; D013785:Thailand
D005819:Genetic Markers; D045303:Cytochromes b
Angiostrongylus cantonensis; Angiostrongylus malaysiensis; Haplotype diversity; Molecular differentiation; Phylogenetics; Phylogeography; Rat lungworms; Systematics; Zoonotic parasites