Cellular Anti-Melanogenic Effects of a Euryale ferox Seed Extract Ethyl Acetate Fraction via the Lysosomal Degradation Machinery.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Euryale ferox seed extracts (Efse-EA) on melanogenesis in immortalized mouse melanocyte cell line, melan-a. Efse-EA showed strong dose-dependent mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Treatment of melan-a cells with 30 μg/mL Efse-EA produced strong inhibition of cellular tyrosinase and melanin synthesis. Efse-EA significantly reduced the levels of melanogenesis-related proteins, such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related proteins 1 and 2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. Because Efse-EA treatment reduced tyrosinase protein levels without changing its mRNA expression, we investigated whether this decrease was related to proteasomal or lysosomal degradation of tyrosinase. We found that chloroquine, a lysosomal proteolysis inhibitor, almost completely abolished both the down-regulation of tyrosinase and the inhibition of melanin synthesis induced by Efse-EA. These results suggested that Efse-EA may contribute to the inhibition of melanogenesis by altering lysosomal degradation of tyrosinase, and that this extract may provide a new cosmetic skin-whitening agent.
Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. micro340@hanmail.net.
Seung-Hwa
SH
Baek
Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. injounge90@gmail.com.
In-Jeong
IJ
Nam
Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. kwakhs01@gmail.com.
Hyeong Seob
HS
Kwak
Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. kkc1380@hotmail.co.kr.
Ki-Chan
KC
Kim
Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. sang@knu.ac.kr.|Department of Nano-Science & Technology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. sang@knu.ac.kr.|Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. sang@knu.ac.kr.
Sang-Han
SH
Lee
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003300:Copper; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007980:Levodopa / Q000378:metabolism; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D057949:Streptophyta / Q000737:chemistry*
D000975:Antioxidants; D002614:Chelating Agents; D008543:Melanins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D007980:Levodopa; D003300:Copper; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase