Impact of acute malaria on pre-existing antibodies to viral and vaccine antigens in mice and humans.
Vaccine-induced immunity depends on long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) that maintain antibody levels. A recent mouse study showed that Plasmodium chaubaudi infection reduced pre-existing influenza-specific antibodies--raising concerns that malaria may compromise pre-existing vaccine responses. We extended these findings to P. yoelii infection, observing decreases in antibodies to model antigens in inbred mice and to influenza in outbred mice, associated with LLPC depletion and increased susceptibility to influenza rechallenge. We investigated the implications of these findings in Malian children by measuring vaccine-specific IgG (tetanus, measles, hepatitis B) before and after the malaria-free 6-month dry season, 10 days after the first malaria episode of the malaria season, and after the subsequent dry season. On average, vaccine-specific IgG did not decrease following acute malaria. However, in some children malaria was associated with an accelerated decline in vaccine-specific IgG, underscoring the need to further investigate the impact of malaria on pre-existing vaccine-specific antibodies.
Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
Simran
S
Banga
Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America.
Jill D
JD
Coursen
Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America.
Silvia
S
Portugal
Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America.
Tuan M
TM
Tran
Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
Lisa
L
Hancox
Mali International Center of Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
Aissata
A
Ongoiba
Mali International Center of Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
Boubacar
B
Traore
Mali International Center of Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
Ogobara K
OK
Doumbo
Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
Chiung-Yu
CY
Huang
Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America; Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
John T
JT
Harty
Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America.
Peter D
PD
Crompton
D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D053265:B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor / Q000378:metabolism; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003710:Demography; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D007114:Immunization; D007700:Kinetics; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D017780:Malaria Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008302:Mali / Q000453:epidemiology; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000473:pathology; D010967:Plasmodium yoelii / Q000276:immunology; D012621:Seasons; D012756:Sheep
D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D053265:B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor; D017780:Malaria Vaccines; C486662:Tnfrsf13c protein, mouse