Rapid Detection of Melamine in Milk Using Immunological Separation and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.
We integrated immunological separation and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to detect melamine in milk. Antimelamine was produced by New Zealand white rabbits following the injection with melamine hapten-ovalbumin immunogen. Melamine was separated from milk by binding to the converted protein G-antimelamine complex. After releasing antimelamine and melamine from the complex, the eluents were deposited directly onto the silver dendrite SERS-active substrate for spectral collection. Multivariate statistical analysis including unsupervised principal component analysis and supervised soft independent modeling of class analogy validated the feasibility of applying this method to detect trace levels of melamine in milk. The limit of detection can be as low as 0.79×10(-3) mmol/L. The overall analysis can be completed in 20 min, thus, it is a high-throughput technique to screen for melamine in milk samples.
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.|Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Xiyuan
X
Li
Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Shaolong
S
Feng
Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Yaxi
Y
Hu
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
Wei
W
Sheng
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
Yan
Y
Zhang
Food Safety Strategy and Management Research Centre, Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300222, China.
Shifang
S
Yuan
British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Imaging Unit-Integrative Oncology Depart, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada.
Haishan
H
Zeng
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
Shuo
S
Wang
Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Xiaonan
X
Lu
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011817:Rabbits; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D014227:Triazines / Q000032:analysis*
D000906:Antibodies; D014227:Triazines; D012834:Silver; C011907:melamine
Raman spectroscopy; SERS; antibody; chemometrics; melamine