Executive summary of the diagnosis and treatment of bacteremia and endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus. A clinical guideline from the Spanish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (SEIMC).
Bacteremia and infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus are common and severe diseases. Optimization of treatment is fundamental in the prognosis of these infections. The high rates of treatment failure and the increasing interest in the influence of vancomycin susceptibility in the outcome of infections caused by both methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates have led to research on novel therapeutic schemes. The interest in the new antimicrobials with activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococci has been extended to susceptible strains, which still carry the most important burden of infection. New combinations of antimicrobials have been investigated in experimental and clinical studies, but their role is still being debated. Also, the appropriateness of the initial empirical therapy has acquired relevance in recent years. The aim of this guideline is to update the 2009 guidelines and to provide an ensemble of recommendations in order to improve the treatment of staphylococcal bacteremia and infective endocarditis, in accordance with the latest published evidence.
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
Francesc
F
Gudiol
Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Investigación i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jaguadog1@gmail.com.
José María
JM
Aguado
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Valle de Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain.
Benito
B
Almirante
Servicio de Microbiología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Emilio
E
Bouza
Servicio de Microbiología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Emilia
E
Cercenado
Servicio de Microbiología, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Departamento de patología y terapéutica experimental, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain.
M Ángeles
MÁ
Domínguez
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.
Oriol
O
Gasch
Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Investigación i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Jaime
J
Lora-Tamayo
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic - IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
José M
JM
Miró
Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain.
Mercedes
M
Palomar
Unidad Clínica Intercentros de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
Alvaro
A
Pascual
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic - IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Juan M
JM
Pericas
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
Miquel
M
Pujol
Unidad Clínica Intercentros de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
Jesús
J
Rodríguez-Baño
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
Evelyn
E
Shaw
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic - IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Alex
A
Soriano
Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain.
Jordi
J
Vallés
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D019468:Disease Management; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011159:Population Surveillance; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D059039:Standard of Care; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bacteremia; Bacteriemia; Clinical guidelines; Documento de consenso; Endocarditis infecciosa; Infective endocarditis; Methicillin-resistant; Methicillin-susceptible; Resistente a meticilina; Sensible a meticilina; Staphylococcus aureus