Evaluation of polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes containing collagen and bone particles.
Composite biomaterials provide alternative materials that improve on the properties of the individual components and can be used to replace or restore damaged or diseased tissues. Typically, a composite biomaterial consists of a matrix, often a polymer, with one or more fillers that can be made up of particles, sheets or fibres. The polymer matrix can be chosen from a wide range of compositions and can be fabricated easily and rapidly into complex shapes and structures. In the present study we have examined three size fractions of collagen-containing particles embedded at up to 60% w/w in a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix. The particles used were bone particles, which are a mineral-collagen composite and demineralised bone, which gives naturally cross-linked collagen particles. SEM showed well dispersed particles in the PVA matrix for all concentrations and sizes of particles, with FTIR suggesting collagen to PVA hydrogen bonding. Tg of membranes shifted to a slightly lower temperature with increasing collagen content, along with a minor amount of melting point depression. The modulus and tensile strength of membranes were improved with the addition of both particles up to 10 wt%, and were clearly strengthened by the addition, although this effect decreased with higher collagen loadings. Elongation at break decreased with collagen content. Cell adhesion to the membranes was observed associated with the collagen particles, indicating a lack of cytotoxicity.
Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong 3216, Australia. Electronic address: nishar.hameed@deakin.edu.au.
Nishar
N
Hameed
CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bayview Avenue, Clayton 3169, Australia. Electronic address: veronica.glattauer@csiro.au.
Veronica
V
Glattauer
CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bayview Avenue, Clayton 3169, Australia. Electronic address: john.ramshaw@csiro.au.
John A M
JAM
Ramshaw
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry*; D013718:Tensile Strength
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D003094:Collagen
Bone; Cell culture; Demineralised bone; Mechanical properties; Polyvinyl alcohol; Thermal properties