[Composition and variation characteristics of atmospheric carbonaceous species in PM 2.5 in Taiyuan, China].
Day-night variation characteristics of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) collected during winter of 2009 and spring of 2010 in Taiyuan city were analyzed using DRI Model 2001A Thermal/Optical Carbon Analyzer, and the sources of carbonaceous materials in PM2.5 were analyzed. The results showed that the average concentrations of PM2.5, OC, EC and average OC/EC ratios were all higher during winter [(289.2 ± 104.8) μg x m(-3), (65.2 ± 22.1) μg x m(-3), (23.5 ± 8.2) μg x m(-3) and 2.8 ± 0.3] than during spring [(248.6 ± 68.6) μg x m(-3), (29.7 ± 6.2) μg x m(-3), (20.2 ± 5.4) μg x m(-3) and 1.5 ± 0.3], higher in nighttime [(309.3 ± 150.0) μg x m(-3), (74.6 ± 19.5) μg x m(-3), (24.3 ± 6.6) μg x m(-3) and 3.1 ± 0.3] than in daytime [(234.9 ± 122.1) μg x m(-3), (54.9 ± 28.2) μg x m(-3), (22.6 ± 10.8) μg x m(-3) and 2.5 ± 0. 5] during winter while higher in daytime [(292.5 ± 120.8) μg x m(-3), (32.7 ± 10.5) μg x m(-3), (22.7 ± 10.1) μg x m(-3) and 1.6 ± 0.5] than in nighttime [(212.3 ± 36.7) μg x m(-3), (29.6 ± 6.6) μg x m(-3), (20.7 ± 6.4) μg x m(-3) and 1.5 ± 0.2] during spring. This result was explained by the fact that winter is a "heating season", especially in nighttime, emission of carbonaceous particles was increased because of the increase of coal and biomass combustion and diffusion of pollutants was difficult because of low atmospheric temperature and stable atmospheric conditions; and high OC/EC was caused by increase of OC emission but not contribution of secondary organic carbon (SOC) since low temperature and weak solar radiation were not favorable for the formation of SOC. The higher concentrations of PM2.5, OC and EC in daytime than in nighttime during spring might be due to more dust in daytime because of higher wind speed and lower relative humidity in daytime than in nighttime, and the higher OC/EC in daytime than in nighttime might be caused by higher temperature and stronger solar radiation in daytime, which were favorable for the formation of SOC. Comparing with other cities in China, Taiyuan showed high concentrations of PM2.5, OC and EC, indicating serious carbonaceous aerosol pollution which may significantly contribute to the formation of dust-haze.
Gui-xiang
GX
Zhang
Yu-long
YL
Yan
Li-li
LL
Guo
Qiu-sheng
QS
He
Lai-guo
LG
Chen
D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D018533:Biomass; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D003031:Coal; D004391:Dust; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006813:Humidity; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons; D014919:Wind
D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D003031:Coal; D004391:Dust; D052638:Particulate Matter; D002244:Carbon