Screening of Anthocyanins and Anthocyanin-Derived Pigments in Red Wine Grape Pomace Using LC-DAD/MS and MALDI-TOF Techniques.
Two phenolic extracts were made from a red wine grape pomace (GP) and fractionated first by sequential liquid-liquid extraction with organic solvents. The aqueous fraction was fractionated by low-pressure chromatography on Toyopearl HW-40 gel and on C18. Different fractions were obtained by sequential elution with aqueous/organic solvents, and then analyzed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-DAD/MS and MALDI-TOF). Over 50 anthocyanin-based pigments were detected by LC-DAD/MS in GP, mainly pyranoanthocyanins including A- and B-type vitisins and methylpyranoanthocyanins. The presence of oligomeric malvidin-3-O-coumaroylglucoside-based anthocyanins was also detected in GP using both LC-DAD/MS and MALDI-TOF.
REQUIMTE - Laboratório Associado para a Quı́mica Verde, Departamento de Quı́mica e Bioquı́mica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Joana
J
Oliveira
REQUIMTE - Laboratório Associado para a Quı́mica Verde, Departamento de Quı́mica e Bioquı́mica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Mara
M
Alhinho da Silva
REQUIMTE - Laboratório Associado para a Quı́mica Verde, Departamento de Quı́mica e Bioquı́mica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Natércia
N
Teixeira
REQUIMTE - Laboratório Associado para a Quı́mica Verde, Departamento de Quı́mica e Bioquı́mica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Victor
V
De Freitas
Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua , Ciudad Universitaria s/n, C.P. 31170 Chihuahua, Mexico.
Erika
E
Salas
D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015394:Molecular Structure; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
D000872:Anthocyanins; D014866:Waste Products
LC-DAD/MS; MALDI-TOF; anthocyanin oligomers; malvidin-3-O-coumaroylglucoside; pyranoanthocyanins; red grape pomace (GP)