Anti-obese effect of glucosamine and chitosan oligosaccharide in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.
OBJECTIVE
This study is to evaluate the anti-obese effects of glucosamine (GLC) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on high-fat diet-induced obese rats.


METHODS
The rats were randomly divided into twelve groups: a normal diet group (NF), a high-fat diet group (HF), Orlistat group, GLC high-, middle-, and low-dose groups (GLC-H, GLC-M, GLC-L), COS1 (COS, number-average molecular weight ≤1000) high-, middle-, and low-dose groups (COS1-H, COS1-M, COS1-L), and COS2 (COS, number-average molecular weight ≤3000) high-, middle-, and low-dose groups (COS2-H, COS2-M, COS2-L). All groups received oral treatment by gavage once daily for a period of six weeks.


RESULTS
Rats fed with COS1 gained the least weight among all the groups (P < 0.01), and these rats lost more weight than those treated with Orlistat. In addition to the COS2-H and Orlistat groups, the serum total cholesterol (CHO) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly reduced in all treatment groups compared to the HF group (P < 0.01). The various doses of GLC, COS1 and COS2 reduced the expression levels of PPARγ and LXRα mRNA in the white adipose tissue.


CONCLUSIONS
The results above demonstrated that GLC, COS1, and COS2 improved dyslipidemia and prevented body weight gains by inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet. Thus, these agents may potentially be used to treat obesity.
Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. lanlanhuangle@163.com.
Lanlan
L
Huang
Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. yx07228chenjian@126.com.
Jian
J
Chen
Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. cpq_520@126.com.
Peiqiu
P
Cao
Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. pangel7835001@163.com.
Haitao
H
Pan
Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. 407874729@qq.com.
Chen
C
Ding
Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QR Oxford, UK. Pengfei.Zhang@boxenergytech.com.|Guangzhou Boxabio Technology Ltd., Guangzhou Hi-Tech Development Zone, Guangzhou 510663, China. Pengfei.Zhang@boxenergytech.com.
Tiancun
T
Xiao
Guangzhou Boxabio Technology Ltd., Guangzhou Hi-Tech Development Zone, Guangzhou 510663, China. Pengfei.Zhang@boxenergytech.com.
Pengfei
P
Zhang
Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. wshxalb@163.com.
Jiao
J
Guo
Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. suzhq@scnu.edu.cn.
Zhengquan
Z
Su
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605215:Nr1h3 protein, rat; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D048271:Chitosan; D002784:Cholesterol; D005944:Glucosamine