Development of dual toxoid-loaded layersomes for complete immunostimulatory response following peroral administration.
OBJECTIVE
Present study reports the development of divalent vaccine with enhanced protection, permeation and presentation following peroral immunization.


METHODS
Layersomes were prepared by layer-by-layer tuning of polyelectrolytes on liposomes template. The developed system was evaluated for in vitro stability of antigen and layersomes, cell-based assays and immunization experiments in mice.


RESULTS
Layersomes exhibited enhanced stability in simulated biological fluids, still preserving the integrity, biological activity and conformational stability of toxoids. Layersomes also exhibited complete and protective (>0.1 IU/ml) immunostimulatory response include serum IgG titer, mucosal sIgA titer and cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) levels following peroral administration.


CONCLUSIONS
The positive findings of proposed strategy are expected to contribute significantly in the field of stable liposomes technology and peroral immunization.
Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India.
Harshad
H
Harde
Krupa
K
Siddhapura
Ashish Kumar
AK
Agrawal
Sanyog
S
Jain
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D004165:Diphtheria / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013742:Tetanus / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008081:Liposomes; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D007371:Interferon-gamma
layersomes; mucosal immunity; oral delivery; toxoids; vaccine