Interleukin-6 Family of Cytokines in Crevicular Fluid of Renal Transplant Recipients With and Without Cyclosporine A-Induced Gingival Overgrowth.
BACKGROUND
Interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines, including IL-6, oncostatin M (OSM), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and IL-11, have fibrogenic features. The current study determines gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of fibrosis-related IL-6-type cytokines in cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth (GO).


METHODS
Eighty non-smokers were included (40 CsA-medicated renal transplant patients with GO [GO+; n = 20] or without GO [GO-; n = 20], 20 individuals with gingivitis, and 20 healthy participants). Probing depth and plaque, papilla bleeding, and hyperplastic index scores were recorded. GCF samples were obtained from the mesio-buccal aspects of two teeth. GCF IL-6, IL-1β, OSM, LIF, and IL-11 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.


RESULTS
The GO+ and GO- groups had higher IL-6 total amounts than the healthy group (P <0.008). IL-1β total amounts in the GO+ group were significantly higher than in both the healthy and GO- groups (P <0.008). OSM total amount was elevated in the GO+ and GO- groups compared with both the gingivitis and healthy groups (P <0.008). All groups had similar LIF and IL-11 total amounts (P >0.008). Moderate positive correlations were detected among IL-6, IL-1β, OSM, and IL-11 total amount in GCF and clinical parameters (P <0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
IL-6 and OSM increases in GCF as a result of CsA usage or an immunosuppressed state irrespective of the severity of inflammation and the presence of GO. The IL-6 family of cytokines might not be directly involved in biologic mechanisms associated with CsA-induced GO. Lack of an association between assessed IL-6 cytokines and CsA-induced GO might indicate distinct effects of these cytokines on fibrotic changes of different tissues.
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
Ali
A
Gürkan
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
Sema
S
Becerik
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Veli Özgen
VÖ
Öztürk
Department of Biology, School of Science, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
Harika
H
Atmaca
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
Gül
G
Atilla
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
Gülnur
G
Emingil
D000328:Adult; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D005885:Gingival Hyperplasia / Q000145:classification; D019214:Gingival Overgrowth / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000032:analysis; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053683:Oncostatin M / Q000032:analysis; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D055815:Young Adult
C508611:IL11 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D017370:Interleukin-11; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D053683:Oncostatin M; D016572:Cyclosporine
Cyclosporine; gingival overgrowth; interleukin-11; interleukin-6; leukemia inhibitory factor.; oncostatin M