A randomized pilot study of MOtiVation and Enhancement (MOVE) Training for negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
BACKGROUND
Among individuals with schizophrenia, those who have persistent and clinically significant negative symptoms (PNS) have the poorest functional outcomes and quality of life. The NIMH-MATRICS Consensus Statement indicated that these symptoms represent an unmet therapeutic need for large numbers of individuals with schizophrenia. No psychosocial treatment model addresses the entire constellation of PNS.


METHODS
51 patients with PNS were randomized into one of two groups for a period of 9 months: 1) MOtiVation and Enhancement (MOVE) or 2) treatment as usual. MOVE is a home based, manual-driven, multi-modal treatment that employs a number of cognitive and behavioral principles to address the broad range of factors contributing to PNS and their functional consequences. The components of MOVE include: Environmental supports to prompt initiation and persistence, in-vivo skills training to ameliorate deficits and encourage interaction, cognitive behavioral techniques to address self-defeating attitudes, in-vivo training in emotional processing to address affective blunting and problems in identifying emotions, and specific techniques to address the deficits in anticipatory pleasure. Patients were assessed at baseline and each 3 months with multiple measures of negative symptoms.


RESULTS
Repeated measures analyses of variance for mixed models indicated significant Group by Time effects for the Negative Symptom Assessment (NSA; p<.02) and the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS; p<.04). Group differences were not significant until 9 months of treatment and were not significant for the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS).


CONCLUSIONS
Further investigation of a comprehensive treatment for PNS, such as MOVE, is warranted.
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry, M.S. # 7792, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States. Electronic address: velligand@uthscsa.edu.
Dawn I
DI
Velligan
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry, M.S. # 7792, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States.
David
D
Roberts
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry, M.S. # 7792, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States.
Jim
J
Mintz
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry, M.S. # 7792, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States; University of Texas School of Public Health, Center for Health Promotion & Prevention Research, M.S. # 7792, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States.
Natalie
N
Maples
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry, M.S. # 7792, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States.
Xueying
X
Li
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry, M.S. # 7792, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States.
Elisa
E
Medellin
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry, M.S. # 7792, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States.
Matt
M
Brown
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors
Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms; MOtiVation and Enhancement (MOVE) Training; Negative Symptom Assessment; Negative symptoms; Schizophrenia