Brazilin plays an anti-inflammatory role with regulating Toll-like receptor 2 and TLR 2 downstream pathways in Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in mice.
Mastitis, which commonly occurs during the postpartum period, is caused by the infection of the mammary glands. The most common infectious bacterial pathogen of mastitis is Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in both human and animals. Brazilin, a compound isolated from the traditional herbal medicine Caesalpinia sappan L., has been shown to exhibit multiple biological properties. The present study was performed to determine the effect of brazilin on the inflammatory response in the mouse model of S. aureus mastitis and to confirm the mechanism of action involved. Brazilin treatment was applied in both a mouse model and cells. After brazilin treatment of cells, Western blotting and qPCR were performed to detect the protein levels and mRNA levels, respectively. Brazilin treatment significantly attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibited the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of brazilin in mice suppressed S. aureus-induced inflammatory injury and the production of proinflammatory mediators. This suppression was achieved by reducing the increased expression of TLR2 and regulating the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in the mammary gland tissues and cells with S. aureus-induced mastitis. These results suggest that brazilin appears to be an effective drug for the treatment of mastitis and may be applied as a clinical therapy.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China.
Xue-jiao
XJ
Gao
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China.
Tian-cheng
TC
Wang
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China.
Ze-cai
ZC
Zhang
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China.
Yong-guo
YG
Cao
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhangns@jlu.edu.cn.
Nai-sheng
NS
Zhang
College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: guomy1985@sohu.com.
Meng-yao
MY
Guo
D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D029911:Caesalpinia / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008413:Mastitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D001578:Benzopyrans; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; C044362:brazilin
Brazilin; MAPKs; Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB); S. aureus mastitis; Toll-like receptor 2