Transcriptome-wide analysis of the MADS-box gene family in the orchid Erycina pusilla.
Orchids exhibit a range of unique flower shapes and are a valuable ornamental crop. MADS-box transcription factors are key regulatory components in flower initiation and development. Changing the flower shape and flowering time can increase the value of the orchid in the ornamental horticulture industry. In this study, 28 MADS-box genes were identified from the transcriptome database of the model orchid Erycina pusilla. The full-length genomic sequences of these MADS-box genes were obtained from BAC clones. Of these, 27 were MIKC-type EpMADS (two truncated forms) and one was a type I EpMADS. Eleven EpMADS genes contained introns longer than 10 kb. Phylogenetic analysis classified the 24 MIKC(c) genes into nine subfamilies. Three specific protein motifs, AG, FUL and SVP, were identified and used to classify three subfamilies. The expression profile of each EpMADS gene correlated with its putative function. The phylogenetic analysis was highly correlated with the protein domain identification and gene expression results. Spatial expression of EpMADS6, EpMADS12 and EpMADS15 was strongly detected in the inflorescence meristem, floral bud and seed via in situ hybridization. The subcellular localization of the 28 EpMADS proteins was also investigated. Although EpMADS27 lacks a complete MADS-box domain, EpMADS27-YFP was localized in the nucleus. This characterization of the orchid MADS-box family genes provides useful information for both orchid breeding and studies of flowering and evolution.
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Choun-Sea
CS
Lin
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chen-Tran
CT
Hsu
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
De-Chih
DC
Liao
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Wan-Jung
WJ
Chang
Department of Life Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Ming-Lun
ML
Chou
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-yi, Taiwan.
Yao-Ting
YT
Huang
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Jeremy J W
JJ
Chen
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan.
Swee-Suak
SS
Ko
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan.
Ming-Tsair
MT
Chan
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ming-Che
MC
Shih
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D059372:Nucleotide Motifs; D029595:Orchidaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D000072417:Protein Domains; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism
D026161:MADS Domain Proteins
bacteria artificial chromosome; flowering; next-generation sequencing; subcellular localization