title: Postexercise hypotension after maximal short-term incremental exercise depends on exercise modality.
abstract: This study investigated postexercise hypotension (PEH) after maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) performed using different exercise modalities. Twenty healthy men (aged 23 ± 3 years) performed 3 maximal CPETs (cycling, walking, and running), separated by 72 h in a randomized, counter-balanced order. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance (SVR), autonomic function (spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV)), and energy expenditure (EE) were assessed during a 60-min nonexercise control session and for 60 min immediately after each CPET. Total exercise volume (EE during CPET plus 60 min recovery) was significantly higher in running versus cycling and walking CPETs (P ≤ 0.001). Compared with control, only SBP after running CPET was significantly reduced (Δ = -6 ± 8 mm Hg; P < 0.001). Heart rate and cardiac output were significantly increased (P < 0.001) and SVR significantly decreased (P < 0.001) postexercise. BRS and HRV decreased after all CPETs (P < 0.001), whereas sympatho-vagal balance (low- and high-frequency (LF:HF) ratio) increased significantly after all exercise conditions, especially after running CPET (P < 0.001). Changes in SVR, BRS, sympathetic activity (low-frequency component of HRV), and LF:HF ratio were negatively correlated to variations in SBP (range -0.69 to -0.91; P < 0.001) and DBP (range -0.58 to -0.93; P ≤ 0.002). These findings suggest that exercise mode or the total exercise volume are major determinants of PEH magnitude in healthy men. Because of the running CPET, the PEH was primarily related to a decrease in SVR and to an increase in sympatho-vagal balance, which might be a reflex response to peripheral vasodilatation after exercise.
authors.affiliation: Medical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Physical Activity and Health Promotion Laboratory, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Adrian W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Midgley
authors.forename: Pedro P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Paulo T V
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Farinatti
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000502:physiology; D001642:Bicycling; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D057774:Post-Exercise Hypotension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012420:Running; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D016138:Walking; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cardiovascular physiology; energy expenditure; ergometry; ergométrie; heart rate variability; la physiologie cardiovasculaire; la sensibilité baroréflexe spontanée; la variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque; les dépenses d’énergie; spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity