title: Progress and Prospects of Long Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers with poor prognosis, and novel diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC are urgently required. With the advance of high-resolution microarrays and massively parallel sequencing technology, lncRNAs are suggested to play critical roles in the tumorigenesis and development of human HCC. To date, dysregulation of many HCC-related lncRNAs such as HULC, HOTAIR, MALAT1, and H19 have been identified. From transcriptional "noise" to indispensable elements, lncRNAs may re-write the central dogma. Also, lncRNAs found in body fluids have demonstrated their utility as fluid-based noninvasive markers for clinical use and as therapeutic targets for HCC. Even though several lncRNAs have been characterized, the underlying mechanisms of their contribution to HCC remain unknown, and many important questions about lncRNAs need resolving. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism in HCC-related lncRNAs will provide a rationale for novel effective lncRNA-based targeted therapies. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles of lncRNAs in HCC, and discuss their potential clinical applications as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and treatment of HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Longbang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C094335:H19 long non-coding RNA; C561566:HOTAIR long untranslated RNA, human; C574685:HULC long non-coding RNA, human; C557041:MALAT1 long non-coding RNA, human; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding