title: Apocynum venetum Attenuates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Mice.
abstract: Apocynum venetum L. (A. venetum) has long been used in oriental folk medicine for the treatment of some liver diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used analgesic drug that can cause acute liver injury in overdose situations. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of A. venetum leaf extract (ALE) against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Mice were intragastrically administered with ALE once daily for 3 consecutive days prior to receiving a single intraperitoneal injection of APAP. The APAP group showed severe liver injury characterized by the noticeable fluctuations in the following parameters: serum aminotransferases; hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione (GSH). These liver damages induced by APAP were significantly attenuated by ALE pretreatments. A collective analysis of histopathological examination, DNA laddering and western blot for caspase-3 and cytochrome c indicated that the ALE is also capable of preventing APAP-induced hepatocyte death. Hyperoside, isoquercitrin and their derivatives have been identified as the major components of ALE using HPLC-MS/MS. Taken together, the A. venetum possesses hepatoprotective effects partially due to its anti-oxidant action.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
authors.forename: Wenyan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Matthias F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Melzig
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D030010:Apocynum; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000082:Acetaminophen
keywords: Acetaminophen; Apocynum venetum; Flavonoids; HPLC-MS/MS; Hepatotoxicity; Oxidative Stress