title: Scheme of Ischaemia-triggered Agents during Brain Infarct Evolution in a Rat Model of Permanent Focal Ischaemia.
abstract: The impact of therapeutic intervention in stroke depends on its appropriate timing during infarct evolution. We have studied markers of brain tissue damage initiated by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) at three time points during which the infarct spread (1, 3 and 6 h). Based on Evans Blue extravasation and immunohistochemical detection of neurons, we confirmed continuous disruption of blood-brain barrier and loss of neurons in the ischaemic hemisphere that peaked at the sixth hour, especially in the core. Glutamate content started to rise dramatically in the entire hemisphere during the first 3 h; the highest level was determined in the core 6 h after MCAO (141 % increase). Moreover, the enzyme antioxidant defence grew by about 42 % since the first hour in the ipsilateral penumbra. Enzymes of the apoptotic pathway as well as mitochondrial enzyme release were detected since the third hour of MCAO in the ischaemic hemisphere; all achieved their maxima in the penumbra during both time periods (except cytochrome C). In conclusion, the preserved integrity of mitochondrial membrane and incompletely developed process of apoptosis may contribute to the better therapeutic outcome after ischaemic attack; however, a whole brain response should not be omitted.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia, kravcukova@saske.sk.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonova
authors.forename: Viera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Danielisova
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nemethova
authors.forename: Milina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matiasova
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bona
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D018698:Glutamic Acid