title: Positron Emission Tomography With 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose in Patients With Sickle Cell Acute Chest Syndrome.
abstract: The acute chest syndrome (ACS) is the main cause of mortality among adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Its pathophysiology is still unclear. Using positron emission tomography (PET) with F-fluorodeoxyglucose [18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG)], we explored the relationship between regional lung density and lung metabolism, as a reflection of lung neutrophilic infiltration during ACS.Patients were prospectively enrolled in a single-center study. Dual modality chest PET/computed tomography (CT) scans were performed, with F-FDG emission scans for quantification of regional F-FDG uptake and CT scans with radiocontrast agent to check for pulmonary artery thrombosis. Regional lung F-FDG uptake was quantified in ACS patients and in SCD patients without ACS (SCD non-ACS controls). Maximal (SUVmax) and mean (SUVmean) standardized uptake values were computed.Seventeen patients with ACS (mean age 28.3 ± 6.4 years) were included. None died nor required invasive mechanical ventilation. The main lung opacity on CT scans was lower lobe consolidation. Lungs of patients with ACS exhibited higher SUVmax than those of SCD non-ACS controls (2.5 [2.1-2.9] vs 0.8 [0.6-1.0]; P < 0.0001). Regional SUVmax and SUVmean was higher in lower than in upper lobes of ACS patients (P < 0.001) with a significant correlation between lung density and SUVmax (R = 0.78). SUVmean was higher in upper lobes of ACS patients than in lungs of SCD non-ACS controls (P < 0.001). Patients with SUVmax >2.5 had longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay than others (7 [6-11] vs 4 [3-6] days; P = 0.016).Lungs of patients with ACS exhibited higher F-FDG uptake than SCD non-ACS controls. Lung apices had normal aeration and lower F-FDG uptake than lung bases, but higher F-FDG uptake than lungs of SCD non-ACS controls. Patients with higher lung F-FDG uptake had longer ICU stay than others.
authors.affiliation: From the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (NP, KR, CB-B, AMD), Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale; UPEC-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (NP, KR, CB-B, AMD), Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, CARMAS Research Group; UPEC-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (MS, J-FD, AH, FG, MM, BM, EI), Faculté de Médecine de Créteil; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (MS, MM, EI), Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Service de Médecine Nucléaire; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (J-FD), Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Service de Radiologie; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AH, FG), Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Unité des Maladies Génétiques du Globule Rouge - Service de Médecine Interne; and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (BM), Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor Antenne de Pneumologie, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: de Prost
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasanelli
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Deux
authors.forename: Anoosha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Habibi
authors.forename: Keyvan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Razazi
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galactéros
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meignan
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maître
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brun-Buisson
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Itti
authors.forename: Armand Mekontso
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dessap
mesh_terms: D056586:Acute Chest Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18