title: A bidirectional model of postural sway using force plate data.
abstract: This work was designed to expand on our previous anterior-posterior postural control model to include medial-lateral sway of unperturbed posture during quiet standing. The bidirectional model simulates two decoupled inverted pendulums, each restricted to sway in either the anterior-posterior (AP) direction (ankle strategy) or medial-lateral (ML) direction (hip strategy), and each controlled by a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller. Postural data was collected from 31 healthy participants under different sensory test conditions: eyes closed, eyes open, and eyes open with real-time visual feedback. Simulation iterations of the bidirectional model were run for each sensory test condition to adjust the PID controller parameters until modeled sway metrics did not differ significantly from experimental metrics at p ≤ 0.01. Simulations did not show significant changes in the AP sway controller parameters among the 3 sensory test conditions. The model did show significant changes in ML sway controller parameters, namely stiffness and time delay. Significant differences were also seen in the experimental sway metrics under the three different sensory test conditions. The multi-sensory evaluation and bidirectional sway model offer unique insight for further exploration of postural pathology, control mechanisms and planar coupling that includes both ankle and hip strategies.
authors.affiliation: Marquette University, Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Engineering Center (OREC), 735 N. 17th Street, Suite 105, Milwaukee, WI 53233; Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM), Chihuahua Campus, Chihuahua, Mexico.
authors.forename: Karla D Bustamante
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Valles
authors.affiliation: Marquette University, Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Engineering Center (OREC), 735 N. 17th Street, Suite 105, Milwaukee, WI 53233.
authors.forename: Ubong I
authors.initials: UI
authors.lastname: Udoekwere
authors.affiliation: Marquette University, Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Engineering Center (OREC), 735 N. 17th Street, Suite 105, Milwaukee, WI 53233.
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Marquette University, Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Engineering Center (OREC), 735 N. 17th Street, Suite 105, Milwaukee, WI 53233.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Marquette University, Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Engineering Center (OREC), 735 N. 17th Street, Suite 105, Milwaukee, WI 53233.
authors.forename: Susan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.affiliation: Marquette University, Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Engineering Center (OREC), 735 N. 17th Street, Suite 105, Milwaukee, WI 53233; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Avenue. P.O. Box 26099. Milwaukee, WI.
authors.forename: Gerald F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000842:Ankle / Q000502:physiology; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006615:Hip / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult