title: The role of IL-1β in the bone loss during rheumatic diseases.
abstract: Several inflammatory diseases have been associated with increased bone resorption and fracture rates and different studies supported the relation between inflammatory cytokines and osteoclast activity. The main factor required for osteoclast activation is the stimulation by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) expressed on osteoblasts. In this context, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, one of the most powerful proinflammatory cytokines, is a strong stimulator of in vitro and in vivo bone resorption via upregulation of RANKL that stimulates the osteoclastogenesis. The resulting effects lead to an imbalance in bone metabolism favouring bone resorption and osteoporosis. In this paper, we review the available literature on the role of IL-1β in the pathogenesis of bone loss. Furthermore, we analysed the role of IL-1β in bone resorption during rheumatic diseases and, when available, we reported the efficacy of anti-IL-1β therapy in this field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruscitti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cipriani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carubbi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Liakouli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4474-3274
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zazzeroni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Benedetto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Onorina
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Berardicurti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alesse
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giacomelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D001862:Bone Resorption; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D008024:Ligands; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000378:metabolism; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D025241:Spondylarthritis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008024:Ligands