title: Anti-Viral Agents in Neurodegenerative Disorders: New Paradigm for Targeting Alzheimer's Disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting geriatric populations for which several causes have been proposed. These include a relationship with known pathogens although the exact nature of such a relationship remains uncertain. Herpes simplex virus-1 has been proposed as potential cause of AD because of its ability to form ß amyloid(Aß) and neurofibrillary tangles due to tau hyperphosphorylation and action of beta & gamma secretase on amyloid precursor protein(APP) together with genetic association with apolipoprotein-E4(ApoE-Ɛ4), which points out to latent Herpes Simplex virus-1 as an agent causing AD. There are numerous studies that linked HSV-1 with AD like anti-HSV-1 IgM antibodies, nectin-2, heme oxygenase-1, phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor-2A, caspase-8 and nucleus-specific alteration of raphe neurons. Various possible mechanisms by which HSV-1 might lead to development of AD such as ApoE, ß-amyloid, tau phosphorylation, inflammation and oxidative stress are also discussed. Thus, this review discusses patent information and a strong relationship between latent HSV-1 and AD and also proposes antiviral therapy for AD.
authors.forename: Khushboo G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Faldu
authors.forename: Jigna S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India. snehalpharma53@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Snehal S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents