title: Correlations between drug resistance of Beijing/W lineage clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and sublineages: a 2009-2013 prospective study in Xinjiang province, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Xinjiang is higher than in other regions of China, and Beijing/W lineage Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is the dominant strain of MTB in Xinjiang. However, information on multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB, particularly the correlation between MDR and the Beijing/W lineage and the correlation between drug resistance and the Beijing/W sublineage strains, is limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective study to describe the prevalence of MDR/XDR TB, Beijing/W lineage and sublineage strains in Xinjiang in China from 2009 to 2013. All MTB underwent drug susceptibility testing to the first- and second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. The Beijing/W lineages and sublineages were detected by large-sequence polymorphisms with polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 410 clinical isolates were identified. The overall percentage of MDR and XDR cases in Xinjiang was 13.2% (54/410) and 13.0% (7/54), respectively. Overall, 9.8% (14/143) of the Beijing lineage MTB were MDR patients, and 15.6% (40/257) of the Non-Beijing lineage MTB were MDR patients. In the 143 Beijing MTB lineages, 11.2% isolates were in sublineage 105, 15.4% isolates were in sublineage 207, 69.2% isolates were in sublineage 181, and 4.2% isolates were in sublineage 150. None of the isolates were detected in sublineage 142. Significant differences between the Beijing/W and non-Beijing/W strains were observed regarding INH and EMB resistance, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of the MDR TB in Xinjiang remains high and imposes challenges for TB control. Four Beijing/W sublineage isolates were observed in Xinjiang. There was no correlation between MDR and the Beijing/W lineage and no correlation between drug resistance and the Beijing/W sublineage strains. Surveillance of the clinical isolates of MTB is recommended to strengthen the identification of MDR/XDR TB and sublineages of the Beijing/W strains.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xian-hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Ai-guo
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xiu-xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xiao-ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Li-ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Chest Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Peng-gang
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Fen-yu
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Qiu-zhen
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kashi People's Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Kashi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Abudu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katar
authors.affiliation: Kashi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Kashi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Li-jie
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013045:Species Specificity; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial