title: Effects in Short and Long Term of Global Postural Reeducation (GPR) on Chronic Low Back Pain: A Controlled Study with One-Year Follow-Up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comparing global postural reeducation (GPR) to a standard physiotherapy treatment (PT) based on active exercises, stretching, and massaging for improving pain and function in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective controlled study. Setting. Outpatient rehabilitation facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult patients with diagnosis of nonspecific, chronic (>6 months) low back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both treatments consisted of 15 sessions of one hour each, twice a week including patient education.
  
  
  METHODS
  Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire to evaluate disability, and Numeric Analog Scale for pain. A score change >30% was considered clinically significant. Past treatments, use of medications, smoking habits, height, weight, profession, and physical activity were also recorded on baseline, on discharge, and 1 year after discharge (resp., T0, T1, and T2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At T0 103 patients with cLBP (51 cases and 52 controls) were recruited. The treatment (T1) has been completed by 79 (T1) of which 60 then carried out the 1-year follow-up (T2). Both GPR and PT at T1 were associated with a significant statistical and clinical improvement in pain and function, compared to T0. At T2, only pain in GPR still registered a statistically significant improvement.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Scientific Institute, 50143 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1355-2579
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castagnoli
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Scientific Institute, 50143 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cecchi
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Scientific Institute, 50143 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Canto
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Scientific Institute, 50143 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paperini
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Scientific Institute, 50143 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boni
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Scientific Institute, 50143 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pasquini
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Scientific Institute, 50143 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vannetti
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Scientific Institute, 50143 Florence, Italy ; Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Area, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Macchi
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome