title: Effects of Renal Denervation from the Intima and the Adventitia of Renal Arteries on Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Dogs: A Comparative Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to observe the efficacy and safety of renal denervation from the inside and outside of renal arteries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen beagles were randomly divided into a control group (n = 4) and treatment group (n = 10). One renal artery in every beagle of the treatment group was randomly assigned to an intimal group (10 renal arteries) which underwent percutaneous renal denervation from the inside, and another renal artery was assigned to an adventitial group (10 renal arteries) which underwent renal denervation from the outside by laparotomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the intimal group, the renal norepinephrine (NE) concentration in the adventitial group had significantly decreased (p = 0.003) at 3 months postsurgery. Renal artery HE staining showed that the perineurium from the adventitial group appeared thickened. Western blotting showed that renal tissue tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein expression in the adventitial group was significantly lower than that in the intimal group (p < 0.01) at 3 months postsurgery. There was a renal artery stenosis and a renal atrophy in the intimal group after 1 month of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inhibitory effect on renal sympathetic nerve activity was more effective in the adventitial group than the intimal group, and renal denervation in the former group was safe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Minfu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Chaokuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chuanyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xianpei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongzhi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: You
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jintao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Dongdong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.forename: Lijie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Wenli
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Peiyao
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yaqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D063194:Adventitia / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D003714:Denervation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D009638:Norepinephrine