title: [Caffeine consumption during pregnancy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a systematic literature review].
abstract: This aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review on the association between maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood. The systematic multiple-stage literature search in PubMed, LILACS, BIREME, and PsycINFO was limited to research in human subjects and published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. A total of 373 references were retrieved. Of these, only five met the study's objectives and were kept in the review. Most of the studies employed a longitudinal design, were conducted in developed countries, and were published in the last five years. Only one study found a positive association. Studies on caffeine consumption during pregnancy and ADHD are scarce, with conflicting results and several methodological difficulties such as lack of standardized outcome measures.
authors.forename: Bianca Del Ponte da
authors.initials: Bdel P
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Anselmi
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Iná S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D001938:Brazil; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D002110:Caffeine