title: Ten Mistakes To Avoid When Injecting Botulinum Toxin.
abstract: Injection of botulinum toxin is currently the most common cosmetic procedure in the United States, and in recent years it has become-together with dermal fillers-the mainstay of therapy for the prevention and treatment of facial aging. However, in some cases the treatment may lead to a somewhat unnatural appearance, usually caused by loss of facial expression or other telltale signs. In the present article, we review the 10 mistakes that should be avoided when injecting botulinum toxin. We also reflect on how treatment with botulinum toxin influences us through our facial expressions, both in terms of how we feel and what others perceive.
authors.affiliation: Clínica Dermatológica Internacional, Madrid, España. Electronic address: ricardo@ricardoruiz.es.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Clínica Dermatológica Internacional, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin-Gorgojo
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005149:Facial Expression; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D012060:Rejuvenation / Q000523:psychology; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D012904:Smiling / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A
keywords: Botulinum toxin type A; Envejecimiento cutáneo; Facial muscles; Músculos faciales; Rejuvenation; Rejuvenecimiento; Skin aging; Toxina botulínica tipo A