title: Study of biofilm in bacteria from water pipelines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A biofilm is a layer of microorganisms contained in a matrix (slime layer), which forms on surfaces in contact with water. Their presence in drinking water pipe networks can be responsible for a wide range of water quality and operational problems.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify the bacterial isolates, obtained from water pipelines of kitchens, to evaluate the water quality & to study the biofilm producing capacity of the bacterial isolates from various sources.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study using water samples from aqua guard & pipelines to kitchens of S.C.B Medical College hostels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard biochemical procedures for bacterial identification, multiple tube culture & MPN count to evaluate water quality & tissue culture plate (TCP) method for biofilm detection was followed.
  
  
  METHODS
  STATA software version 9.2 from STATA Corporation, College station road, 90 Houston, Texas was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred eighty seven isolates were obtained from 45 water samples cultured. The isolates were Acinetobacter spp. (44), Pseudomonas spp.(41), Klebsiella spp.(36) & others . Biofilm was detected in (37) 19.78 % of the isolates (95% CI 30.08% -43.92%) including Acinetobacter spp.-10, Klebsiella spp. - 9, Pseudomonas spp. - 9, & others, majority (34) of which were from kitchen pipelines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Water from pipeline sources was unsatisfactory for consumption as the MPN counts were > 10. Most of the biofilm producers were gram negative bacilli & Pseudomonas & Acinetobacter spp. were strong (4+) biofilm producers.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, AIIMS , Bhubaneswar S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India .
authors.forename: Ashoka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahapatra
authors.affiliation: Undergraduate Student, S.C.B. Medical College , Cuttack, Odisha, India .
authors.forename: Nupur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Padhi
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, S.C.B. Medical College , Cuttack, Odisha, India .
authors.forename: Dharitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mahapatra
authors.affiliation: Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, S.C.B. Medical College , Cuttack, Odisha, India .
authors.forename: Mamta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, SUM Hospital , Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India .
authors.forename: Debasish
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Student Student, Department of Microbiology, S.C.B. Medical College , Cuttack, Odisha, India .
authors.forename: Swetlina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jena
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Student Student, Department of Microbiology, S.C.B. Medical College , Cuttack, Odisha, India .
authors.forename: Debabrata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dash
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, S.C.B. Medical College , Cuttack, Odisha, India .
authors.forename: Nirupama
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chayani
keywords: Bacterial aggregates; Health risk; Microorganisms; Planktonic