title: Horizons in endoscopic surgery.
abstract: Dramatic advances continue to occur with video-directed endoscopic operations. This commentary will follow the same format as the one in the previous edition two years ago. Most of the predictions anticipated in our last writing have been met or exceeded. Change will continue to accelerate, though the individual innovations will be of smaller magnitude.
authors.affiliation: Carraway Methodist Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Broussard
authors.affiliation: Metropolitan Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: McKernan
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Laws