title: Multi-level logic gate operation based on amplified aptasensor performance.
abstract: Conventional electronic circuits can perform multi-level logic operations; however, this capability is rarely realized by biological logic gates. In addition, the question of how to close the gap between biomolecular computation and silicon-based electrical circuitry is still a key issue in the bioelectronics field. Here we explore a novel split aptamer-based multi-level logic gate built from INHIBIT and AND gates that performs a net XOR analysis, with electrochemical signal as output. Based on the aptamer-target interaction and a novel concept of electrochemical rectification, a relayed charge transfer occurs upon target binding between aptamer-linked redox probes and solution-phase probes, which amplifies the sensor signal and facilitates a straightforward and reliable diagnosis. This work reveals a new route for the design of bioelectronic logic circuits that can realize multi-level logic operation, which has the potential to simplify an otherwise complex diagnosis to a "yes" or "no" decision.
authors.affiliation: Peter Grünberg Institute, PGI-8, Research Center Jülich, JARA - Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Jülich 52425 (Germany).
authors.forename: Lingyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Peter Grünberg Institute, PGI-8, Research Center Jülich, JARA - Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Jülich 52425 (Germany).
authors.forename: Zhaozi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Peter Grünberg Institute, PGI-8, Research Center Jülich, JARA - Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Jülich 52425 (Germany).
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Offenhäusser
authors.affiliation: Peter Grünberg Institute, PGI-8, Research Center Jülich, JARA - Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Jülich 52425 (Germany). dirk.mayer@fz-juelich.de.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mayer
mesh_terms: D052157:Aptamers, Nucleotide / Q000737:chemistry*; D039301:Computers, Molecular; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D052157:Aptamers, Nucleotide
keywords: aptamers; diagnosis; electrochemical rectification; logic gates; signal amplification