title: Prior high-risk HPV testing and Pap test results for 427 invasive cervical cancers in China's largest CAP-certified laboratory.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cervical cancer and its precursor lesions are caused by a persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection. hrHPV testing has been reported to have higher sensitivity than Papanicolaou (Pap) testing for the detection of cervical precursor lesions. However, limited data are available for prior human papillomavirus (HPV) testing results for patients later diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer, especially in countries lacking a national cervical cancer screening program such as China. This study investigated prior hrHPV testing results for patients with invasive cervical cancer in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases with a histologic diagnosis of invasive cervical carcinoma were retrieved from Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics (the largest independent pathology laboratory in China); prior hrHPV and Pap test results obtained within the year before the cancer diagnosis were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV testing was negative in 7.5% of 427 cases of invasive cervical carcinoma, including squamous cell carcinoma (5%) and adenocarcinoma (25%). In 155 cervical cancer cases with prior hrHPV and Pap testing, the negative rate for Pap testing was 1.9%, and the negative rate for HPV was 9.7%. Furthermore, when only cases of adenocarcinoma (n = 18) were examined, both the hrHPV-negative rate and the Pap-negative rate were higher at 33% and 5.6%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrate a considerable prior hrHPV-negative rate and a lower prior Pap-negative rate in patients with invasive cervical carcinoma (especially adenocarcinoma) from a population of women without access to an established screening program.
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Baowen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Zaibo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Christopher C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Congde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoman
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Huaitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Chengquan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016208:Databases, Factual; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007753:Laboratories / Q000145:classification; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: China; Papanicolaou (Pap) test; cervical cancer; histology; human papillomavirus (HPV); human papillomavirus test