title: Persimmon vinegar ripening with the mountain-cultivated ginseng ingestion reduces blood lipids and lowers inflammatory cytokines in obese adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the effect of the vinegar, which is made of 4-year-old mountain-cultivated ginseng ripened into 4-year-matured persimmon vinegar, on the blood lipids level and inflammatory cytokines concentration in obese female adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects ingested the vinegar, so-called 'mountain-cultivated ginseng persimmon vinegar (MPV)', without meals every day for 6 weeks with activities control. Subjects were grouped into control (CON), persimmon vinegar (PV), and MPV with 10 people in each group. Blood lipids, triglyceride (TG), total-cholesterol (TC), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were analyzed. Also, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were analyzed for the hepatotoxicity. Blood cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects showed a high reduction in body weight and body fat. Their blood lipid level was effectively improved, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokine was suppressed as well, except for TNF-α. However, the change ratio of the cytokines was high in PV and MPV. Such results were similar to those from research subjects who took persimmon vinegar only (PV), but the effect of the vinegar (MPV) was more remarkable. Besides, this mixture was found to have no effect on the hepatotoxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significance of this study is that all the experiments were conducted without controlling research subjects' daily lives, and it is suggested that the vinegar may be recommended as a kind of health supplement food to suppress obesity. Especially, since these two products are traditional foods of Korean people, which have been taken for ages, it is expected that the fusing of two foods may be better applied to ordinary people who are concerned about obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Leisure Sports, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyobin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education Leisure, Suseong College, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Duk
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Leisure Sports, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Sungpil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ryu
keywords: Mountain-cultivated ginseng; blood lipids; inflammatory cytokines; obese adolescents; persimmon vinegar