title: M13 phage peptide ZL4 exerts its targeted binding effect on schistosoma japonicum via alkaline phosphatase.
abstract: The present study was to determine the targeting effect of M13 phage peptide ZL4 (MppZL4) on Schistosoma japonicum (S.j). Mice infected with S.j were injected with MppZL4. Real-time PCR was used to detect the distribution and metabolism of MppZL4 in the livers and lungs of mice. In vivo refusion test was performed to detect the targeting of MppZL4. Western blotting was employed to determine the expression of MppZL4. Live imaging was used to detect the distribution of oligopeptide MppZL4. Immunohistochemistry was employed to determine MppZL4 location on adult S.j body surface. Gomori method was employed to detect the influence of oligopeptide MppZL4 on alkaline phosphatase activity. The distribution and metabolism of MppZL4 and M13KE are not significantly different from each other at each time point. The abundance of MppZL4 is changed as S.j migrates in mice. The targeted binding effect of MppZL4 varies at different stages. ZL4 oligopeptide targets S.j in mice. The specific binding sites of MppZL4 on S.j body are mainly located in syncytial cells. The binding sites of MppZL4 on S.j body surface might be ALP or ALP-related proteins. MppZL4 had targeted binding effect on S.j with its binding site being associated with proteins related to S.j alkaline phosphatase. S.j tegument had a specifically binding site with exogenous peptides, offering new means to explore the interactions between hosts and parasites. Additionally, MppZL4 can possibly be used as targeting molecules in worm-resistant drugs or as tracing molecules in imaging diagnosis technologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of South China Hengyang, P.R. China ; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study Hengyang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shenghui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of South China Hengyang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of South China Hengyang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of South China Hengyang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of South China Hengyang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kegeng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of South China Hengyang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Sijie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China Hengyang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhengyang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Centre of Cell and Molecular Biology Experiment, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University Changsha, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qingren
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017104:Bacteriophage M13 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D012549:Schistosoma japonicum / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: MppZL4; Schitosoma japonicum; alkaline phosphatase