title: New therapeutic targets for cancer bone metastasis.
abstract: Bone metastases are dejected consequences of many types of tumors including breast, prostate, lung, kidney, and thyroid cancers. This complicated process begins with the successful tumor cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition, escape from the original site, and penetration into the circulation. The homing of tumor cells to the bone depends on both tumor-intrinsic traits and various molecules supplied by the bone metastatic niche. The colonization and growth of cancer cells in the osseous environment, which awaken their dormancy to form micro- and macro-metastasis, involve an intricate interaction between the circulating tumor cells and local bone cells including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and macrophages. We discuss the most recent advances in the identification of new molecules and novel mechanisms during each step of bone metastasis that may serve as promising therapeutic targets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Jing Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Krzeszinski
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Simmons Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address: yihong.wan@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Yihong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: bone metastatic niche; bone microenvironment; macrometastasis; osteoblast; osteoclast; tumor-intrinsic factors