title: Evaluation of the Temporal Acoustic Window for Transcranial Doppler in a Multi-Ethnic Population in Brazil.
abstract: The aim of this study was to relate the presence of a temporal acoustic window (TAW) to the variables sex, age and race. This observational study was conducted in patients under etiologic investigation after stroke, sickle-cell anemia and hospitalization in an intensive therapy neurologic unit. TAW presence was confirmed by bilateral assessment by two neurologists via transcranial Doppler (TCD). Multiple logistic regression was performed to explain the presence of the window as a function of sex, age and race. In 20% of the 262 patients evaluated, a TAW was not present. The incidence of TAW presence was greater in men (odds ratio [OR] = 5.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.5-11.7, p < 0.01); lower with increased age (OR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.92-0.97, p < 0.01); and lower among those of African and Asian descent (OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.14-0.70, p = 0.005). On the basis of the results, more men than women had TAWs, and the decrease in TAWs was associated with increased age and African or Asian descent.
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, University Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bazan
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, University Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel Pereira
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, University Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: gluvizutto@fmb.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Gustavo José
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Luvizutto
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, University Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hueb
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, University Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Newton Key
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Hokama
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, University Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silméia Garcia
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Zanati Bazan
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, University Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hélio Rubens
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: de Carvalho Nunes
authors.affiliation: Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Pereira
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Octávio Marques
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Pontes-Neto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil / Q000208:ethnology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017678:Sex Distribution; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cerebrovascular diseases; Demographic data; Temporal acoustic window; Transcranial Doppler