title: MicroRNA-132/212 family enhances arteriogenesis after hindlimb ischaemia through modulation of the Ras-MAPK pathway.
abstract: Arteriogenesis is a complicated process induced by increased local shear-and radial wall-stress, leading to an increase in arterial diameter. This process is enhanced by growth factors secreted by both inflammatory and endothelial cells in response to physical stress. Although therapeutic promotion of arteriogenesis is of great interest for ischaemic diseases, little is known about the modulation of the signalling cascades via microRNAs. We observed that miR-132/212 expression was significantly upregulated after occlusion of the femoral artery. miR-132/212 knockout (KO) mice display a slower perfusion recovery after hind-limb ischaemia compared to wildtype (WT) mice. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrates a clear trend towards smaller collateral arteries in KO mice. Although Ex vivo aortic ring assays score similar number of branches in miR-132/212 KO mice compared to WT, it can be stimulated with exogenous miR-132, a dominant member of the miR-132/212 family. Moreover, in in vitro pericyte-endothelial co-culture cell assays, overexpression of miR-132 and mir-212 in endothelial cells results in enhanced vascularization, as shown by an increase in tubular structures and junctions. Our results suggested that miR-132/212 may exert their effects by enhancing the Ras-Mitogen-activated protein kinases MAPK signalling pathway through direct inhibition of Rasa1, and Spred1. The miR-132/212 cluster promotes arteriogenesis by modulating Ras-MAPK signalling via direct targeting of its inhibitors Rasa1 and Spred1.
authors.affiliation: Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Mil
authors.affiliation: Experimental Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maarten M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grundmann
authors.affiliation: Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Imo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hoefer
authors.affiliation: Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michiel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.affiliation: Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El Azzouzi
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukao
authors.affiliation: Experimental Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.|Division Nephrology & Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.|ICIN, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pieter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Doevendans
authors.affiliation: Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.|ICIN, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joost P G
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sluijter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C546976:MIRN132 microRNA, mouse; C554518:MIRN212 microRNA, mouse; D035683:MicroRNAs; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins
keywords: Ras-MAPK; arteriogenesis; hindlimb ischaemia; miR-132/212