title: Robotic systems in surgery.
abstract: Computer-driven robots and medical imaging technology may soon enable surgeons to plan and execute intricate procedures with unprecedented precision. Our experience in introducing a robotic system for use in an active role in cementless total hip replacement surgery has convinced us that the marriage of these two technologies-robotics and medical imaging-is likely to change the way many types of surgical procedures are performed. The ability to link an image-based preoperative plan with its surgical execution by a robot may be the key to improved outcomes. Research and development of robotic systems for a wide variety of medical applications is underway at a number of prestigious institutions. Grenoble University has developed the IGOR (Imaged Guided Operating Robot) system. This six-axis robot has performed more than 400 interventions, acting as a positioner for brain surgery in both biopsy and therapeutic procedures. AlephMed and Digital are currently assisting the developers in integrating image analysis into the system. Future development plans include an application for spinal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sutter General Hospital, Sacramento, California / University of California, Davis.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Bargar
authors.affiliation: Integrated Surgical Systems, Inc.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Carbone