title: Layer modeling of zinc removal from metallic mixture of waste printed circuit boards by vacuum distillation.
abstract: A layer model was established to elucidate the mechanism of zinc removal from the metallic mixture of waste printed circuit boards by vacuum distillation. The removal process was optimized by response surface methodology, and the optimum operating conditions were the chamber pressure of 0.1Pa, heating temperature of 923K, heating time of 60.0min, particle size of 70 mesh (0.212mm) and initial mass of 5.25g. Evaporation efficiency of zinc, the response variable, was 99.79%, which indicates that the zinc can be efficiently removed. Based on the experimental results, a mathematical model, which bears on layer structure, evaporation, mass transfer and condensation, interprets the mechanism of the variable effects. Especially, in order to reveal blocking effect on the zinc removal, the Blake-Kozeny-Burke-Plummer equation was introduced into the mass transfer process. The layer model can be applied to a wider range of metal removal by vacuum distillation.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China; Tianjin United Environmental Engineering Design Company Limited, Tianjin 300191, China.
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Xingang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. Electronic address: dinghui@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D057168:Distillation; D059029:Electronic Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011312:Pressure; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D014618:Vacuum; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Evaporation; Mass transfer; Mathematical modeling; Optimization; Response surface methodology; Waste treatment