title: The effect of shoe type and fatigue on strike index and spatiotemporal parameters of running.
abstract: We aimed to observe differences in running style parameters and the stride-to-stride coefficient of variation and correlative patterns using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) between conventional and first-time minimalistic shoe use. We also aimed to study the effect of fatigue on these parameters. 26 recreational runners were tested using a pressure insole device on a treadmill whilst wearing conventional (CONV) and minimalistic (MIN) shoes. They then performed a prolonged running bout simulating a fatiguing training session, before being tested a second time in both shoe types. Average values of strike index (initial ground contact point on the footsole expressed as a percentage of total sole length) were not significantly different between CONV [25.7±14.6% (unfatigued), 23.1±11.1% (fatigued)] and MIN [28.9±19.1% (unfatigued), 26.7±17.6% (fatigued)] (p=0.501). The fatigued state also yielded a similar strike index compared to the unfatigued state (p=0.661). An overall trend in decreased inter-stride correlative patterns of strike index was observed in MIN compared to CONV (p=0.075). No differences in contact time, flight time, stride time, duty factor, stride length and stride frequency were found between shoe types. A trend in reduced flight time (p=0.078) and therefore increased duty factor (p=0.053) was observed due to fatigue. We conclude that in recreational runners, no meaningful, acute adaptation in running style occurs as a result of first-time MIN use. Similarly, runners were able to maintain their running style after a prolonged running bout.
authors.affiliation: Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 76, rue d'Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.affiliation: Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 76, rue d'Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malisoux
authors.affiliation: Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 76, rue d'Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Sports Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 78, rue d'Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urhausen
authors.affiliation: ATO-gear, 20, Torenallee, 5617 BC, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Statham
authors.affiliation: NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.affiliation: Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 76, rue d'Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. Electronic address: daniel.theisen@lih.lu.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Theisen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005080:Exercise Test; D005221:Fatigue / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D012775:Shoes; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Detrended fluctuation analysis; Foot strike pattern; Pressure insole; Running style