title: Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma in 10 consecutive cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose was to evaluate the features of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma using spectral-domain enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective observational case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with newly diagnosed circumscribed choroidal hemangioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spectral-domain EDI-OCT was performed with a Heidelberg Spectralis HRA + OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany).
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor thickness and EDI-OCT features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean tumor diameter for all eyes was 5.4 mm and mean tumor thickness was 1187 μm by EDI-OCT compared to 2400 μm by ultrasonography. EDI-OCT imaged all tumors as smooth with a gently sloping anterior contour, gradual choroidal expansion, expansion of medium and large size choroidal vessels without compression of choriocapillaris, and intact Bruch's membrane (n = 10, 100%). The height of the medium and large choroidal vessels within the tumor compared to normal medium and large vessels was comparatively increased by a mean of 265% (medium vessels) and 576% (large vessels). Outer retinal abnormalities included subretinal fluid (n = 7, 70%), lipofuscin deposition (n = 1, 10%), irregularity and thinning of retinal pigment epithelium and absence or irregularity of the ellipsoid layer (n = 4, 40%), absent external limiting membrane (n = 2, 20%), and disruption of the outer nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer (n = 3, 30%). The inner retinal abnormalities included irregularity of inner nuclear layer and structural loss or edema of inner plexiform layer (n = 3, 30%). The ganglion cell layer and nerve fiber layer were intact (n = 10, 100%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EDI-OCT of circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas depicts a smooth, gently sloping choroidal mass with expansion of medium and large size choroidal vessels without compression of the choriocapillaris. Structural abnormalities of outer and inner retinal layers were noted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA ; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Duangnate
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rojanaporn
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA ; Ocular Oncology Service, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Swathi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaliki
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Sandor R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ferenczy
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Carol L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Shields
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D058471:Subretinal Fluid; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Choroid; Enhanced Depth Imaging; Hemangioma; Optical Coherence Tomography; Ultrasonography