title: [Influence of Uncertainty and Uncertainty Appraisal on Self-management in Hemodialysis Patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to examine the relation of uncertainty, uncertainty appraisal, and self-management in patients undergoing hemodialysis, and to identify factors influencing self-management.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of 92 patients receiving hemodialysis was selected. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and medical records. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations and multiple regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The participants showed a moderate level of uncertainty with the highest score being for ambiguity among the four uncertainty subdomains. Scores for uncertainty danger or opportunity appraisals were under the mid points. The participants were found to perform a high level of self-management such as diet control, management of arteriovenous fistula, exercise, medication, physical management, measurements of body weight and blood pressure, and social activity. The self-management of participants undergoing hemodialysis showed a significant relationship with uncertainty and uncertainty appraisal. The significant factors influencing self-management were uncertainty, uncertainty opportunity appraisal, hemodialysis duration, and having a spouse. These variables explained 32.8% of the variance in self-management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that intervention programs to reduce the level of uncertainty and to increase the level of uncertainty opportunity appraisal among patients would improve the self-management of hemodialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Nursing, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Suk
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea. hanul96@dankook.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012648:Self Care; D018454:Spouses; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D035501:Uncertainty
keywords: Chronic disease; Renal dialysis; Self care; Uncertainty