title: The effects of α-zearalanol on the proliferation of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their differentiation into osteoblasts.
abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of α-zearalanol (α-ZAL) on the proliferation of mouse bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and their differentiation into osteoblasts. Six- to eight-week-old BALB/C mice were used either as recipients or as bone marrow donors. BMSCs were isolated and collected using a differential adhesion method, with use of 10 % fetal bovine serum and Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium. After the third generation, the BMSCs were randomly placed into the following subgroups: a control group, an osteogenic medium (OM) group, a 17β-estradiol group, an α-ZAL 10(-7) mol/L group, an α-ZAL 10(-6) mol/L group, and an α-ZAL 10(-5) mol/L group. Flow cytometry was used to identify the BMSCs collected from the bone marrow. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test was performed, and markers of the osteoblasts were measured in the different subgroups. In addition, expression of osteoprotegerin and expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand were examined using Western blot. In contrast to the control and OM groups, BMSCs in the α-ZAL groups exhibited long fusiform shapes, and contact inhibition was observed when the cells were closely packed. After induction, the BMSCs grew well and exhibited triangular, star, polygonal, or irregular shapes. Clumps and multiple cells were evident. The trends of the proliferation and differentiation for the control, OM, 17β-estradiol, and α-ZAL groups were similar. Compared with the control and OM groups, in the α-ZAL groups the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, bone morphogenetic protein 2, and osteocalcin were significantly increased (p < 0.05). In addition, α-ZAL inhibited osteoclastogenesis by increasing the expression of osteoprotegerin and decreasing the expression of nuclear factor κB ligand. In conclusion, α-ZAL can increase the proliferation of BMSCs and their differentiation into osteoblasts and can effectively suppress osteoclastogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shaohui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.affiliation: College of Public Hygiene, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gaofeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinzhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Taihang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China. zhaojingmin3008@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jingmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002469:Cell Separation; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D011347:Procollagen / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D015029:Zeranol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011347:Procollagen; D053245:RANK Ligand; C047202:procollagen Type I N-terminal peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; D015029:Zeranol; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; Nuclear factor κB; Osteoblast; Osteoprotegerin; α-Zearalanol