title: Emission of submicron aerosol particles in cement kilns: Total concentration and size distribution.
abstract: Cement plants are responsible for particle and gaseous emissions into the atmosphere. With respect to particle emission, the greater part of is in the range from 0.05 to 5.0 µm in diameter. In the last years attention was paid to submicron particles, but there is a lack of available data on the emission from stationary sources. In this paper, concentration and size distribution of particles emitted from four cement kilns, in relationship to operational conditions (especially the use of alternative fuel to coal) of the clinker process are reported. Experimental campaigns were carried out by measuring particles concentration and size distribution at the stack of four cement plants through condensation particle counter (CPC) and scanning mobility particle sizer spectrometer (SMPS). Average total particle number concentrations were between 2000 and 4000 particles/cm³, about 8-10 times lower that those found in the corresponding surrounding areas. As for size distribution, for all the investigated plants it is stable with a unimodal distribution (120-150 nm), independent from the fuel used.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research (CNR-IIA), Italian National Research Council , Monterotondo ( RM ), Italy.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rotatori
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mosca
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guerriero
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Febo
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giusto
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montagnoli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bianchini
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferrero
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002712:Chlorides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019652:Extraction and Processing Industry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D002712:Chlorides; D052638:Particulate Matter