title: Sex differences in the injured brain.
abstract: Observations obtained in human and in experimental models clearly demonstrate sex differences in degenerative events occurring in the central nervous system. The present review focuses on potential factors that may contribute to these sex-dimorphic features; in particular, morphological organization of the central nervous system and functional influence by neuroactive steroids, genes, and immune system are considered.
authors.forename: Roberto Cosimo
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Melcangi
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Garcia-Segura