title: Alcohol-Seeking Triggered by Discrete Pavlovian Cues is Invigorated by Alcohol Contexts and Mediated by Glutamate Signaling in the Basolateral Amygdala.
abstract: The environmental context in which a discrete Pavlovian conditioned stimulus (CS) is experienced can profoundly impact conditioned responding elicited by the CS. We hypothesized that alcohol-seeking behavior elicited by a discrete CS that predicted alcohol would be influenced by context and require glutamate signaling in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Male, Long-Evans rats were allowed to drink 15% ethanol (v/v) until consumption stabilized. Next, rats received Pavlovian conditioning sessions in which a 10 s CS (15 trials/session) was paired with ethanol (0.2 ml/CS). Entries into a port where ethanol was delivered were measured. Pavlovian conditioning occurred in a specific context (alcohol context) and was alternated with sessions in a different context (non-alcohol context) where neither the CS nor ethanol was presented. At test, the CS was presented without ethanol in the alcohol context or the non-alcohol context, following a bilateral microinfusion (0.3 μl/hemisphere) of saline or the AMPA glutamate receptor antagonist NBQX (2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide disodium salt) in the BLA (0, 0.3, or 1.0 μg/0.3 μl). The effect of NBQX (0, 0.3 μg/0.3 μl) in the caudate putamen (CPu) on CS responding in the non-alcohol context was also tested. The discrete alcohol CS triggered more alcohol-seeking behavior in the alcohol context than the non-alcohol context. NBQX in the BLA reduced CS responding in both contexts but had no effect in the CPu. These data indicate that AMPA glutamate receptors in the BLA are critical for alcohol-seeking elicited by a discrete CS and that behavior triggered by the CS is strongly invigorated by an alcohol context.
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology/FRQS Groupe de Recherche en Neurobiologie Comportementale, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Joanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sciascia
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Reese
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Janak
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology/FRQS Groupe de Recherche en Neurobiologie Comportementale, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chaudhri
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D000679:Amygdala / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D058999:Drug-Seeking Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D005971:Glutamates; D011810:Quinoxalines; C062865:2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline; D000431:Ethanol