title: Comparison of chemical, biological and physical quality assessment of indoor swimming pools in Shahrekord City, Iran in 2013.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that mismanaged swimming pools could transmit water-borne diseases. The objective of the present study was the quality assessment of chemical, biological and physical characteristics of swimming pools in Shahrekord city, southwest of Iran. The two main indoor swimming pools of Shahrekord city were considered during the summer and winter of 2013. The number of 459 samples were analysed from swimming pools, showers and dressing rooms for chemical, biological and physical quality assessment. The most prevalent fungi were Aspergillus (48.91%), Penicillium (22.9%), Nocardia (11.31%), Cladosporium (8.41%). Rhizopus (6.18%), Scopulariopsis (6.21%), Fusarium (5.31%), and Mucor (1.38%). The most fungal contamination sites for both swimming pools were showers. Results showed that the values of total faecal coliform, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionalla, Escherichia coli and Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC) for both swimming pools exceeded the guidelines, except for Staphylococcus aureus. The correlation coefficient between bathers load and total faecal coliform, heterotrophic bacteria was 0.949. The turbidity, free residual chlorine, and hardness of both swimming pools were not compliance with standard guidelines. Therefore, the improvement of disinfection and cleaning procedures is necessary, due to the different users and daily bather loads of each pool, as well as monitoring the water quality and increasing of the knowledge of swimming pool users on the risks of these potential diseases.
authors.affiliation: Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord , Iran. ali2fadae@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abdolmajid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fadaei
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amiri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002713:Chlorine / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004203:Disinfection; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012621:Seasons; D013551:Swimming Pools / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013696:Temperature; D014871:Water Microbiology; D060753:Water Quality; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002713:Chlorine