title: Effect of fruits and vegetables on metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: Evidence regarding the effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on metabolic syndrome remains inconclusive. Using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane, we searched for relevant studies published before 10 December 2013. Of the 383 articles identified, eight randomized controlled trials with 396 participants (205 in intervention groups and 191 in control groups) were included in the final analyses. Fruit and vegetable intake was associated with a reduction in diastolic blood pressure (standardized mean difference: -0.29; 95% confidence interval: -0.57 to -0.02; p = 0.04); however, such intake did not affect waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in metabolic syndrome patients. In a subgroup analysis, there were no statistically significant differences found according to the intervention period and provision type. Our results suggest an inverse association between fruit and vegetable consumption and diastolic blood pressure in metabolic syndrome patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University , Seoul , South Korea .
authors.forename: Jin Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Ji Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hee Tak
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kyung Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jae Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014675:Vegetables; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Fruit; meta-analysis; metabolic syndrome; randomized controlled trials; vegetable