title: Effect of chicken egg shell powder solution on early enamel carious lesions: an invitro preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the remineralization potential of enamel surface lesion using chicken eggshell powder (CESP) solution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten freshly extracted un-erupted third molars decoronated at cement-enamel junction (CEJ) used in this study. Each decoronated tooth was sectioned to get 4 samples of enamel blocks such that 40 blocks were obtained which were then subjected to demineralization protocol and grouped as: Group 1-untreated group, Group 2-subsurface demineralization, Group 3-subsurface demineralization + 7 days CESP immersion, Group 4- subsurface demineralization + clinpro application. The samples were evaluated for X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy analysis, microhardness testing and atomic analyses using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The data were statistically analysed by using one-way ANOVA and Tukey - Kramer multiple comparison test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  X-ray Fluorescence spectroscopy shows Calcium concentration of 98% and 0.46% of phosphate. Group 4 (Clinpro) shows the highest efficacy in enhancing the remineralization followed by Group 3 (CESP). The results of atomic analyses showed that quantitative amounts of Ca weight % and P weight % is statistically greater for all the three groups except the demineralized group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CESP with higher calcium content can remineralise enamel surface lesion.
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Tagore Dental College & Hospital , Chennai, India .
authors.forename: Bejoy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mony
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Madha Dental College & Hospital , Chennai, India .
authors.forename: A V Rajesh
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Ebenezar
authors.affiliation: Consultant Endodontics, Tanjore, Tamilnadu, India .
authors.forename: Mohamed Fayas
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ghani
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, SRM Dental College & Hospital , Chennai, India .
authors.forename: Ashwin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Madha Dental College & Hospital , Chennai, India .
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: S
authors.affiliation: Managing Director, Dental and Medical Centre , Cochin, Kerala, India .
authors.forename: Ajit George
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Mohan
keywords: Calcium; Minimal invasive dentistry; Phosphate; X-ray flurorescence spectroscopy