title: Alpha-mangostin attenuation of hyperglycemia-induced ocular hypoperfusion and blood retinal barrier leakage in the early stage of type 2 diabetes rats.
abstract: The present study examined effects of alpha-mangostin (α-MG) supplementation on the retinal microvasculature, including ocular blood flow (OBF) and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) permeability in a type 2 diabetic animal model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: normal control and diabetes with or without α-MG supplementation. Alpha-mangostin (200 mg/Kg/day) was administered by gavage feeding for 8 weeks. The effects of α-MG on biochemical and physiological parameters including mean arterial pressure (MAP), OBF, and BRB leakage were investigated. Additionally, levels of retinal malondialdehyde (MDA), advance glycation end products (AGEs), receptor of advance glycation end products (RAGE), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were evaluated. The elevated blood glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglyceride, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR were observed in DM2 rats. Moreover, DM2 rats had significantly decreased OBF but statistically increased MAP and leakage of the BRB. The α-MG-treated DM2 rats showed significantly lower levels of retinal MDA, AGEs, RAGE, TNF-α, and VEGF than the untreated group. Interestingly, α-MG supplementation significantly increased OBF while it decreased MAP and leakage of BRB. In conclusion, α-MG supplementation could restore OBF and improve the BRB integrity, indicating its properties closely associated with antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiglycation activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
authors.forename: Amporn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jariyapongskul
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chonticha
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Areebambud
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sunit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suksamrarn
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chantana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mekseepralard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001813:Blood-Retinal Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood; D044004:Xanthones / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D044004:Xanthones; C021053:mangostin