title: Synergistic fungicidal activity of the lipopeptide bacillomycin D with amphotericin B against pathogenic Candida species.
abstract: In the present study, the synergism of the lipopeptide bacillomycin D in combination with the polyene amphotericin B against pathogenic Candida species is described along with their potential cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. Bacillomycin D inhibited the growth of various Candida species at minimal concentrations from 12.5 to 25 μg ml(-1). Furthermore, it showed a synergistic effect with the antifungal drug amphotericin B in inhibiting the growth of Candida strains, with fractional inhibitory concentration indices ranging from 0.28 to 0.5. Time killing studies revealed a >2-log reduction in the viability of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 cells after 3 h incubation with the combination amphotericin B plus bacillomycin D, at their subinhibitory concentration. Interestingly, when the two drugs were used together at those dosages displaying a synergism in the anti-Candida activity, no cytotoxic effect was observed against mammalian cells. Therefore, the combination bacillomycin D/amphotericin B may represent a valid alternative to conventional antifungals for topical treatment of C. albicans infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the in vitro interaction between the antifungal drug amphotericin B and bacillomycin D against pathogenic Candida species.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology, Ecopark of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia tabb_olfa@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Olfa
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tabbene
authors.affiliation: Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Grazia
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology, Ecopark of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azaiez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology, Ecopark of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Imen
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ben Slimene
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology, Ecopark of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Salem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elkahoui
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Phytobacteriology, National Institute for Agricultural Research, Marrakech, Morocco.
authors.forename: Mohamed Najib
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Alfeddy
authors.affiliation: Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Casciaro
authors.affiliation: Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Luca
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology, Ecopark of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ferid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Limam
authors.affiliation: Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mangoni
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011090:Polyenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D055666:Lipopeptides; D010455:Peptides; D011090:Polyenes; C027845:bacillomycin D; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: Amphotericin B; Bacillomycin D; Candida; Cytotoxicity; Lipopeptides; Synergy