title: [Gender difference in osteoporosis prevalence, awareness and treatment: based on the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2008~2011].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess and identify gender differences in factors associated with prevalence, awareness, and treatment of osteoporosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for 3,071 men and 3,635 women (age ≥ 50) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008~2011 were included. Osteoporosis was defined by World Health Organization T-score criteria. Impact factors and odds ratios were analysed by gender using multivariate logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Osteoporosis prevalence rates were 7.0% in men and 40.1% in women. Osteopenia rates were 45.5% and 46.0% respectively. Among respondents with osteoporosis, 7.6% men and 37.8% women were aware of their diagnosis. Also 5.7% men with osteoporosis and 22.8% women were treated. Higher prevalence was found among respondents who were older, at lower socioeconomic levels, with lower body mass index and shorter height in both genders, and among women with fracture history, and non-hormonal replacement therapy. Awareness and treatment rates for the risk groups were similar compared to the low risk controls for both genders. Fracture history increased awareness and treatment rates independently for both genders. Women with perceived poor health status and health screening had increased awareness and treatment rates, but not men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate that postmenopausal women have a higher prevalence of osteoporosis than men and awareness and treatment rates were higher than for men. Despite gender difference in prevalence, osteoporosis was underdiagnosed and undertreated for both genders. Specialized public education and routine health screenings according to gender could be effective strategies to increase osteoporosis awareness and treatment.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Yunmi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea. chds@eulji.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Dong Sook
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class
keywords: Awareness; Bone density; Osteoporosis; Prevalence; Treatment