title: Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: a review of ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology.
abstract: As aboriginal sources of medications, medicinal plants are used from the ancient times. Andrographis paniculata is one of the highly used potential medicinal plants in the world. This plant is traditionally used for the treatment of common cold, diarrhoea, fever due to several infective cause, jaundice, as a health tonic for the liver and cardiovascular health, and as an antioxidant. It is also used to improve sexual dysfunctions and serve as a contraceptive. All parts of this plant are used to extract the active phytochemicals, but the compositions of phytoconstituents widely differ from one part to another and with place, season, and time of harvest. Our extensive data mining of the phytoconstituents revealed more than 55 ent-labdane diterpenoids, 30 flavonoids, 8 quinic acids, 4 xanthones, and 5 rare noriridoids. In this review, we selected only those compounds that pharmacology has already reported. Finally we focused on around 46 compounds for further discussion. We also discussed ethnobotany of this plant briefly. Recommendations addressing extraction process, tissue culture, and adventitious rooting techniques and propagation under abiotic stress conditions for improvement of phytoconstituents are discussed concisely in this paper. Further study areas on pharmacology are also proposed where needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Md Sanower
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5686-2943
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Zannat
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5881-1891
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Urbi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Applied Sciences, Federal Polytechnic Institute, Nasarawa, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Abubakar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sule
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hafizur Rahman
mesh_terms: D035685:Andrographis; D019448:Ethnobotany; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts