title: Regulation of the microtubular cytoskeleton by Polycystin-1 favors focal adhesions turnover to modulate cell adhesion and migration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polycystin-1 (PC-1) is a large plasma membrane receptor, encoded by the PKD1 gene, which is mutated in most cases of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD). The disease is characterized by renal cysts. The precise function of PC-1 remains elusive, although several studies suggest that it can regulate the cellular shape in response to external stimuli. We and others reported that PC-1 regulates the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here we show that cells over-expressing PC-1 display enhanced adhesion rates to the substrate, while cells lacking PC-1 have a reduced capability to adhere. In search for the mechanism responsible for this new property of PC-1 we found that this receptor is able to regulate the stability of the microtubules, in addition to its capability to regulate the actin cytoskeleton. The two cytoskeletal components are acting in a coordinated fashion. Notably, we uncovered that PC-1 regulation of the microtubule cytoskeleton impacts on the turnover rates of focal adhesions in migrating cells and we link all these properties to the capability of PC-1 to regulate the activation state of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study we show several new features of the PC-1 receptor in modulating microtubules and adhesion dynamics, which are essential for its capability to regulate migration.
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. castelli.maddalena@hsr.it.
authors.forename: Maddalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castelli
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. chiara.de-pascalis@pasteur.fr.|Current Address: International PhD Program, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. chiara.de-pascalis@pasteur.fr.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Pascalis
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. distefano.gianfranco@hsr.it.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Distefano
authors.affiliation: Candiolo Cancer Institute, Candiolo, Torino, Italy. nadia.ducano@ircc.it.|Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy. nadia.ducano@ircc.it.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ducano
authors.affiliation: IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy. amanda.oldani@ifom.eu.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oldani
authors.affiliation: Candiolo Cancer Institute, Candiolo, Torino, Italy. letizia.lanzetti@ircc.it.|Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy. letizia.lanzetti@ircc.it.
authors.forename: Letizia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lanzetti
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. boletta.alessandra@hsr.it.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boletta
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D004285:Dogs; D036681:Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D022001:Focal Adhesions / Q000378:metabolism*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D051379:Mice; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D050396:TRPP Cation Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D050396:TRPP Cation Channels