title: Incidences and outcomes of status epilepticus: A 9-year longitudinal national study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The national database of status epilepticus (SE) in Thailand is limited in terms of the characteristics of the demographics, outcome, and prognostic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively explored national data in Thailand for reimbursement of all adult patients with SE admitted in the fiscal year 2004-2012. Patients with SE were diagnosed and searched based on ICD 10 (G41) from the national database of the Universal Health Coverage Insurance office.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 12,367 patients with SE. The average age was 48.14 years, and 8119 patients were males (65.7%). At discharge, 75.2% of patients were improved, while 16.4% were not improved, and in-hospital mortality rate was 8.4%. The first three most common comorbid conditions were hypertension (1790 patients, 14.5%), diabetes mellitus (1064 patients, 8.6%), and previous stroke (819 patients, 6.6%). The common complications were respiratory failure (3990 patients, 32.3%), pneumonia (1201 patients, 9.7%) and septicemia (876 patients, 7.1%). The mean (SD) hospital stay was 5.48 (11.44) days. Patients with SE with age over 60 years, female patients, and patients at primary care hospitals had higher proportions of poor outcomes at 36.1%, 39.6%, and 40.9%. Out of 11 comorbid conditions, six of them were significantly associated with poor outcomes. Additionally, 5 complications and two procedures were significant factors of poor outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Factors associated with poor outcome in admitted patients with SE by the national data were age, gender, hospital level, comorbid conditions, complications of SE, and procedural intervention. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Status Epilepticus".
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Integrated Epilepsy Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. Electronic address: somtia@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Somsak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tiamkao
authors.affiliation: Nursing Division, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Integrated Epilepsy Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sineenard
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pranboon
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kaewjai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thepsuthammarat
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kittisak
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawanyawisuth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000639:trends; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Incidence; Inpatients; National; Outcomes; Status epilepticus