title: Calculation of laser absorption by metal powders in additive manufacturing.
abstract: We have calculated the absorption of laser light by a powder of metal spheres, typical of the powder employed in laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing. Using ray-trace simulations, we show that the absorption is significantly larger than its value for normal incidence on a flat surface, due to multiple scattering. We investigate the dependence of absorption on powder content (material, size distribution, and geometry) and on beam size.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Boley
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khairallah
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rubenchik