title: Losartan and Sodium Nitroprusside Effectively Protect against Renal Impairments after Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rats.
abstract: Ischemia and subsequent reperfusion are known to impair renal function. We examined several agents that might prevent renal impairment or enhance the recovery of renal function after ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Different degrees of preventive effects were observed in rats treated with captopril, BQ-123 (endothelin type A receptor antagonist), sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a nitric oxide donor), and losartan (angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist). Only minimal changes in renal morphology were observed after treatment with losartan, SNP, captopril, and BQ-123 compared with control animals. On the other hand, lesions were prominent in the N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)- and L-arginine-treated rats. The Na(+)-K(+) ATPase activity of ischemic kidneys was, however, preserved in all treatment groups, except in those treated with L-arginine and L-NAME, which showed a marked reduction in Na(+)-K(+) ATPase activity. Our post-treatment data suggest that losartan and SNP have the greatest potential for therapeutic use to mitigate post-ischemic renal damage and functional impairment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University.
authors.forename: Umarat
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Srisawat
authors.forename: Surachai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kongrat
authors.forename: Chatchai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muanprasat
authors.forename: Varanuj
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chatsudthipong
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002216:Captopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019808:Losartan / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015424:Reperfusion; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009599:Nitroprusside; D001120:Arginine; D002216:Captopril; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D019808:Losartan; C072247:cyclo(Trp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu); D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester