title: Signaling pathways in osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis: Lessons from cranial sutures and applications to regenerative medicine.
abstract: One of the simplest models for examining the interplay between bone formation and resorption is the junction between the cranial bones. Although only roughly a quarter of patients diagnosed with craniosynostosis have been linked to known genetic disturbances, the molecular mechanisms elucidated from these studies have provided basic knowledge of bone homeostasis. This work has translated to methods and advances in bone tissue engineering. In this review, we examine the current knowledge of cranial suture biology derived from human craniosynostosis syndromes and discuss its application to regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Justin B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Maxhimer
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Temple University/St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, PA, USA.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, CA, USA ; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, USA.
authors.forename: Justine C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Craniosynostosis; OPG; Osteoclast; Osteogenesis; RANK; RANKL; Signaling; Tissue engineering