title: The Benefit Risk Assessment of Consumption of Marine Species Based on Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods (BRAFO)-tiered Approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the net health effect caused by the consumption of specific marine species based on Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods (BRAFO)-tiered approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty species were collected from the Zhoushan Archipelago, China. Concentrations of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, methyl mercury (MeHg), and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) in the samples were analyzed for benefit risk assessment based on BRAFO-tiered approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the BRAFO-tiered approach, reference scenario (no intake) and alternative scenario (intake of specific species of 200 g/week) were determined. The exposure to MeHg/DLCs via alternative scenario of all studied species did not exceed provisional tolerable weekly/monthly intake. However, the adult population with high DLCs exposure in China would significantly exceed the upper limit of DLCs via an additional alternative scenario of some species such as Auxis thazard. The results of deterministic computation showed that alternative scenario of all studied species generated clear net beneficial effects on death prevention and child IQ gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The alternative scenario of all studied species could be recommended to population with average DLCs exposure, and the reference scenario of species with relatively high DLCs concentration could be recommended to population exposed to high DLCs.
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China; National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Yi Xiong
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China; Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Shiquan County, Ankang 725200, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Hong Xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Jing Guang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Zhoushan Municipal Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Xin Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Zhoushan Municipal Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jia Lu
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Xiao Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Yun Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Yong Ning
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis*; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds
keywords: Benefit risk assessment; Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods (BRAFO); Dioxin-like compound; Methyl mercury; N-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid