title: Clinical profiles for seizure remission and developmental gains after total corpus callosotomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was aimed to determine what preoperative profiles were associated with seizure remission after corpus callosotomy and whether such seizure outcome was associated with the postoperative developmental outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included 26 consecutive patients with childhood onset epilepsy who underwent one-stage total corpus callosotomy at our institution and were followed up for a minimum of 1 year. The age at surgery ranged from 13 months to 32 years (median 6 years). The association between postoperative seizure freedom and preoperative profiles, post-operative developmental gains was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients achieved seizure freedom (Engel class I), and 10 patients achieved worthwhile reduction of seizures (class III), whereas the remaining patients had a class IV outcome. All five seizure-free patients had "lack of abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings", "lack of proven etiology of seizures", and underwent "surgery at age 6 years or younger". These three factors were associated with seizure freedom (p<0.05, Fisher exact test). Post-operative gains in developmental quotient were significantly better in patients with seizure freedom than in those without (p<0.05, Mann Whitney U test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study replicated the notion that seizure remission can be achieved after total corpus callosotomy in subsets of patients with medically-uncontrolled epilepsy, and suggested that a better developmental outcome can be expected in patients benefiting from seizure freedom.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. Electronic address: iwa@nsg.med.tohoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hino-Fukuyo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-ichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiteru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazutaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakasato
authors.affiliation: Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Teiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tominaga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000601:surgery*; D000069279:Drug Resistant Epilepsy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Corpus callosotomy; Development; Generalized epilepsy; Infantile spasms; Pediatric epilepsy; Seizure outcome