title: Effects of docosahexaenoic supplementation and in vitro vitamin C on the oxidative and inflammatory neutrophil response to activation.
abstract: We studied the effects of diet supplementation with docosahexaenoic (DHA) and in vitro vitamin C (VitC) at physiological concentrations on oxidative and inflammatory neutrophil response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Fifteen male footballers ingested a beverage enriched with DHA or a placebo for 8 weeks in a randomized double-blind study. Neutrophils were isolated from blood samples collected in basal conditions at the end of nutritional intervention. Neutrophils were cultured for 2 hours at 37°C in (a) control media, (b) media with PMA, and (c) media with PMA + VitC. PMA induces neutrophil degranulation with increased extracellular myeloperoxidase and catalase activities, nitric oxide production, expression of the inflammatory genes cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor κβ, interleukin 8 and tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 6 production. DHA diet supplementation boosts the exit of CAT from neutrophils but moderates the degranulation of myeloperoxidase granules induced by PMA. VitC facilitates azurophilic degranulation of neutrophils and increases gene expression of myeloperoxidase induced by PMA. VitC and DHA diet supplementation prevent PMA effects on inflammatory gene expression, although together they do not produce additional effects. DHA diet supplementation enhances antioxidant defences and anti-inflammatory neutrophil response to in vitro PMA activation. VitC facilitates neutrophil degranulation but prevents an inflammatory response to PMA.
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain ; CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Capó
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain ; Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martorell
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain ; CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sureda
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain ; CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep Antoni
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tur
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain ; CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pons
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D001205:Ascorbic Acid