title: Impact of obesity on kidney function and blood pressure in children.
abstract: In recent years, obesity has become an increasingly important epidemic health problem in children and adolescents. The prevalence of the overweight status in children grew from 5% to 11% from 1960s to 1990s. The epidemic of obesity has been paralleled by an increase in the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension. Results of several studies have demonstrated that obesity and metabolic syndrome were independent predictors of renal injury. The pathophysiology of obesity related hypertension is complex, including activation of sympathetic nervous system, renin angiotensin aldosterone system, hyperinsulinemia and inflammation. These same mechanisms likely contribute to the development of increased blood pressure in children. This review summarizes the recent epidemiologic data linking obesity with CKD and hypertension in children, as well as the potential mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Wei Ding, Wai W Cheung, Robert H Mak, Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0634, United States.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Wei Ding, Wai W Cheung, Robert H Mak, Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0634, United States.
authors.forename: Wai W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.affiliation: Wei Ding, Wai W Cheung, Robert H Mak, Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0634, United States.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Mak
keywords: Blood pressure; Chronic kidney disease; End-stage renal failure; Hypertension; Obesity