title: Clinician Responses to Client Traumas: A Chronological Review of Constructs and Terminology.
abstract: This paper presents a chronologically-organized review of various concepts and constructs in the literature describing professional burnout, compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress reactions, as well as other related terms and constructs that have been used to describe these experiences among clinical practitioners and other social service professionals. A timeline will provide a graphic illustration of the historical relationships between the concepts under examination. This paper begins with a review of practitioner-related stress that primarily results from interaction with clients, followed by an examination of professional burnout, which is thought to result largely from environmentally-related issues. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of posttraumatic growth and compassion satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Social Work Program, University of Montevallo, Montevallo, AL, USA jnewell2@montevallo.edu.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Newell
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nelson-Gardell
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: MacNeil
mesh_terms: D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000523:psychology*; D000068376:Compassion Fatigue / Q000523:psychology*; D004645:Empathy; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012947:Social Work; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology; D009626:Terminology as Topic
keywords: PTSD; mental health and violence; vicarious trauma