title: Association of high expression of Groβ with clinical and pathological characteristics of unfavorable prognosis in gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
abstract: GROβ (CXCL2) is a chemokine produced by endotoxin-treated macrophages that mediates inflammation and tumor development. However, little is known about GROβ expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) or the relationship between GROβ expression and clinical attributes of GIST. GROβ expression was examined via immunohistochemical staining of 173 GIST samples using tissue microarray. The relationship between GROβ expression and relevant patient and tumor characteristics was assessed, using chi-square tests. Univariate and multivariate analysis was carried out using the Cox regression method. High GROβ cytoplasm staining was detected in 56 (32.4%) specimens; high GROβ nuclear staining was detected in 64 (37.0%) specimens. High GROβ cytoplasm staining was significantly associated with patients' age (P = 0.043) and tumor location (P = 0.014), while high GROβ nucleus staining was significantly associated with mitotic index (P = 0.034), tumor location (P = 0.049), and AFIP-Miettinen risk classification (P = 0.048). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed GIST patients with low GROβ cytoplasm expression (P = 0.023) and mitotic index < 6 per 50 HPFs (P = 0.026) to have a more favorable prognosis. These findings indicate that GROβ expression correlates with malignant GIST phenotypes and could be an unfavorable prognostic marker in patients with GIST.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 22601, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 22601, China.
authors.forename: Huijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 22601, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 22601, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 22601, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology Branch, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 22601, China.
authors.forename: Defeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 22601, China.
authors.forename: Jianfei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C499706:CXCL2 protein, human; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2