title: Prevalence of HIV-1 Subtypes and Drug Resistance-Associated Mutations in HIV-1-Positive Treatment-Naive Pregnant Women in Pointe Noire, Republic of the Congo (Kento-Mwana Project).
abstract: The Kento-Mwana project was carried out in Pointe Noire, Republic of the Congo, to prevent mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. To determine the prevalence of different subtypes and transmitted drug resistance-associated mutations, 95 plasma samples were collected at baseline from HIV-1-positive naive pregnant women enrolled in the project during the years 2005-2008. Full protease and partial reverse transcriptase sequencing was performed and 68/95 (71.6%) samples were successfully sequenced. Major mutations to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors were detected in 4/68 (5.9%), 3/68 (4.4%), and 2/68 (2.9%) samples, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 isolates showed a high prevalence of unique recombinant forms (24/68, 35%), followed by CRF45_cpx (7/68, 10.3%) and subsubtype A3 and subtype G (6/68 each, 8.8%). Although the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations appears to be currently limited, baseline HIV-1 genotyping is highly advisable in conjunction with antiretroviral therapy scale-up in resource-limited settings to optimize treatment and prevent perinatal transmission.
authors.affiliation: 1 Hygiene Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genoa, Italy .
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bruzzone
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena , Siena, Italy .
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saladini
authors.affiliation: 1 Hygiene Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genoa, Italy .|3 Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa , Genoa, Italy .
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sticchi
authors.affiliation: 4 Kento-Mwana Laboratory, Hôpital Régional des Armées , Pointe Noire, République du Congo.
authors.forename: Franc A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Mayinda Mboungou
authors.affiliation: 1 Hygiene Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genoa, Italy .
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barresi
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa , Genoa, Italy .
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caligiuri
authors.affiliation: 5 Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Genoa and IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genoa, Italy .
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calzi
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena , Siena, Italy .
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zazzi
authors.affiliation: 1 Hygiene Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genoa, Italy .|3 Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa , Genoa, Italy .
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Icardi
authors.affiliation: 5 Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Genoa and IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genoa, Italy .
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Viscoli
authors.affiliation: 5 Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Genoa and IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genoa, Italy .
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bisio
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003223:Congo / Q000453:epidemiology; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D015995:Prevalence; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: C514824:reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease; C514803:p16 protease, Human immunodeficiency virus 1