title: HMGB-1 as a novel predictor of disease severity and prognosis in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the predictive capacity of the high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1) for disease severity and prognosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and five HFRS patients and 28 controls were studied. The concentrations of HMGB-1 in the blood were measured with a commercially available ELISA. The levels of white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), hematocrit (HCT), albumin (ALB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), and uric acid (UA) were routinely tested in the same time frame.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of HMGB-1 increased with the severity of the disease (P < 0.001). HMGB-1 was positively correlated with WBC and BUN and negatively correlated with PLT, ALB, and UA (P < 0.001). HMGB-1 showed statistical significance for predicting prognosis (AUC = 0.800, P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of HMGB-1, WBC, PLT, and ALB used in combination for predicting outcome were better than those of single analyses (AUC = 0.892, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HMGB-1 can be considered a novel biomarker for severity and outcome in patients with HFRS. The use of HMGB-1, WBC, PLT, and ALB in combination to predict the outcome in patients with HFRS exhibited an acceptable level of diagnostic capability.
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Jianqi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Xuefan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
authors.forename: Pingzhong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D006480:Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C585491:HMGB1 protein, human