title: Prosthetic left renocaval bypass for posterior nutcracker syndrome.
abstract: A 58-year-old man presented with severe hematuria of unknown origin and intermittent left flank pain for 8 months, and he was diagnosed with posterior nutcracker syndrome. He underwent prosthetic left renocaval bypass with complete resolution of symptoms. Computed tomography showed a functional graft between the left renal vein and caval vein. This technique is a feasible choice for surgical treatment of posterior nutcracker syndrome with satisfactory results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001 China.
authors.forename: Xuepei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001 China.
authors.forename: Shengzheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001 China.
authors.forename: Jinxing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
keywords: Hematuria; Left renal vein; Posterior nutcracker syndrome; Venous bypass