title: A Stereo Music Preprocessing Scheme for Cochlear Implant Users.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Listening to music is still one of the more challenging aspects of using a cochlear implant (CI) for most users. Simple musical structures, a clear rhythm/beat, and lyrics that are easy to follow are among the top factors contributing to music appreciation for CI users. Modifying the audio mix of complex music potentially improves music enjoyment in CI users.
  
  
  METHODS
  A stereo music preprocessing scheme is described in which vocals, drums, and bass are emphasized based on the representation of the harmonic and the percussive components in the input spectrogram, combined with the spatial allocation of instruments in typical stereo recordings. The scheme is assessed with postlingually deafened CI subjects (N = 7) using pop/rock music excerpts with different complexity levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The scheme is capable of modifying relative instrument level settings, with the aim of improving music appreciation in CI users, and allows individual preference adjustments. The assessment with CI subjects confirms the preference for more emphasis on vocals, drums, and bass as offered by the preprocessing scheme, especially for songs with higher complexity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The stereo music preprocessing scheme has the potential to improve music enjoyment in CI users by modifying the audio mix in widespread (stereo) music recordings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since music enjoyment in CI users is generally poor, this scheme can assist the music listening experience of CI users as a training or rehabilitation tool.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Buyens
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wouters
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moonen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009146:Music; D057240:Patient Preference; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted