title: Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of immune genes in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.).
abstract: The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), is a destructive pest that attacks cruciferous crops worldwide. Immune responses are important for interactions between insects and pathogens and information on these underpins the development of strategies for biocontrol-based pest management. Little, however, is known about immune genes and their regulation patterns in P. xylostella. A total of 149 immune-related genes in 20 gene families were identified through comparison of P. xylostella genome with the genomes of other insects. Complete and conserved Toll, IMD and JAK-STAT signaling pathways were found in P. xylostella. Genes involved in pathogen recognition were expanded and more diversified than genes associated with intracellular signal transduction. Gene expression profiles showed that the IMD pathway may regulate expression of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes in the midgut, and be related to an observed down-regulation of AMPs in experimental lines of insecticide-resistant P. xylostella. A bacterial feeding study demonstrated that P. xylostella could activate different AMPs in response to bacterial infection. This study has established a framework of comprehensive expression profiles that highlight cues for immune regulation in a major pest. Our work provides a foundation for further studies on the functions of P. xylostella immune genes and mechanisms of innate immunity.
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Minqian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] School of biological sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas city, Kansas City, Missouri 64110-2499, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoqiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China [4] Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1 Canada.
authors.forename: Liette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vasseur
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China [4] Graham Centre, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales 2800, Australia.
authors.forename: Geoff M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Gurr
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] School of Biological Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Simon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Baxter
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Hailan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China [4] Fujian Vocational College of Bioengineering, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Junhan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [2] Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [3] Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Minsheng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: You
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017344:Genes, Insect / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000379:methods*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D009036:Moths / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins