title: Enterocin F4-9, a Novel O-Linked Glycosylated Bacteriocin.
abstract: Enterococcus faecalis F4-9 isolated from Egyptian salted-fermented fish produces a novel bacteriocin, termed enterocin F4-9. Enterocin F4-9 was purified from the culture supernatant by three steps, and its molecular mass was determined to be 5,516.6 Da by mass spectrometry. Amino acid and DNA sequencing showed that the propeptide consists of 67 amino acid residues, with a leader peptide containing a double glycine cleavage site to produce a 47-amino-acid mature peptide. Enterocin F4-9 is modified by two molecules of N-acetylglucosamine β-O-linked to Ser37 and Thr46. The O-linked N-acetylglucosamine moieties are essential for the antimicrobial activity of enterocin F4-9. Further analysis of the enterocin F4-9 gene cluster identified enfC, which has high sequence similarity to a glycosyltransferase. The antimicrobial activity of enterocin F4-9 covered a limited range of bacteria, including, interestingly, a Gram-negative strain, Escherichia coli JM109. Enterocin F4-9 is sensitive to protease, active at a wide pH range, and moderately resistant to heat.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed Abdelfattah
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Maky
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zendo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Rodney Honrada
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
authors.forename: Jehan Ragab
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Doud
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karmi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan Department of Functional Metabolic Design, Bio-Architecture Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan sonomoto@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sonomoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001952:Bridged-Ring Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D005396:Fish Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D006031:Glycosylation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D001430:Bacteriocins; D001952:Bridged-Ring Compounds; C012306:enterocin