title: The Regulation of Lipid Deposition by Insulin in Goose Liver Cells Is Mediated by the PI3K-AKT-mTOR Signaling Pathway.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously showed that the fatty liver formations observed in overfed geese are accompanied by the activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway and an increase in plasma insulin concentrations. Recent studies have suggested a crucial role for the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in regulating lipid metabolism; therefore, we hypothesized that insulin affects goose hepatocellular lipid metabolism through the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway.
  
  
  METHODS
  Goose primary hepatocytes were isolated and treated with serum-free media supplemented with PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway inhibitors (LY294002, rapamycin, and NVP-BEZ235, respectively) and 50 or 150 nmol/L insulin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Insulin induced strong effects on lipid accumulation as well as the mRNA and protein levels of genes involved in lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and VLDL-TG assembly and secretion in primary goose hepatocytes. The stimulatory effect of insulin on lipogenesis was significantly decreased by treatment with PI3K-Akt-mTOR inhibitors. These inhibitors also rescued the insulin-induced down-regulation of fatty acid oxidation and VLDL-TG assembly and secretion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the stimulatory effect of insulin on lipid deposition is mediated by PI3K-Akt-mTOR regulation of lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and VLDL-TG assembly and secretion in goose hepatocytes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chunchun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shouhai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huofu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hehe
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongyong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005777:Geese; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014280:Triglycerides