title: Association of elevated apoA-I glycation and reduced HDL-associated paraoxonase1, 3 activity, and their interaction with angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether apolipoprotein A (apoA)-I glycation and paraoxonase (PON) activities are associated with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Relative intensity of apoA-I glycation and activities of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated PON1 and PON3 were determined in 205 consecutive T2DM patients with stable angina with (n = 144) or without (n = 61) significant CAD (luminal diameter stenosis ≥ 70 %). The severity of CAD was expressed by number of diseased coronary arteries, extent index, and cumulative coronary stenosis score (CCSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relative intensity of apoA-I glycation was higher but the activities of HDL-associated PON1 and PON3 were lower in diabetic patients with significant CAD than in those without. The relative intensity of apoA-I glycation increased but the activities of HDL-associated PON1 and PON3 decreased stepwise from 1 - to 3 - vessel disease patients (P for trend < 0.001). After adjusting for possible confounding variables, the relative intensity of apoA-I glycation correlated positively, while the activities of HDL-associated PON1 and PON3 negatively, with extent index and CCSS, respectively. At high level of apoA-I glycation (8.70 ~ 12.50 %), low tertile of HDL-associated PON1 (7.03 ~ 38.97U/mL) and PON3 activities (7.11 ~ 22.30U/mL) was associated with a 1.97- and 2.49- fold increase of extent index and 1.73- and 2.68- fold increase of CCSS compared with high tertile of HDL-associated PON1 (57.85 ~ 154.82U/mL) and PON3 activities (39.63 ~ 124.10U/mL), respectively (all P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated apoA-I glycation and decreased activities of HDL-associated PON1 and PON3, and their interaction are associated with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. rjshenying@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. ruijindfh@126.com.
authors.forename: Feng Hua
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. sunjiateng@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jia Teng
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. plj476@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Li Jin
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. zhangruiyan@263.com.
authors.forename: Rui Yan
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. zhangqnh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. rjchenqiujing@163.com.
authors.forename: Qiu Jing
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. rjshenweifeng@126.com.|Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. rjshenweifeng@126.com.
authors.forename: Wei Feng
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. rjlulin1965@163.com.|Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. rjlulin1965@163.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood*; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: C505693:APOA1 protein, human; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D015415:Biomarkers; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human; C113656:PON3 protein, human