title: Relationship between Anemia and Chronic Complications in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the potential association of anemia with micro- and macrovascular complications in Chinese patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1997 patients with T2DM were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients were defined as anemic, if hemoglobin (Hb) levels were < 13 g/dL in males and < 12 g/dL in females. Data on demographics, anthropometric parameters, and co-morbidities were extracted for each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty two percent of T2DM patients (439/1997) had anemia, and those patients with higher rates of micro- and macrovascular complications had higher rates of anemia. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that anemia was a risk factor of microvascular complications (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.45 - 2.31; P < 0.001) and macrovascular complications (OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.63 - 2.71; P < 0.001). After adjusting for conventional risk factors, anemia remained positively associated with microvascular complications (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.17 - 1.99), but lost its association with macrovascular complications (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.73 - 1.41). Anemia was also independently associated with diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that anemia was related to both micro- and macrovascular complications in Chinese patients with T2DM, but was only an independent risk factor of microvascular complications. Assessment of Hb levels in T2DM patients may help to prevent subsequent diabetic micro- and macrovascular complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China. weili63@hotmail. com, liwei1109078@163.com.
authors.forename: Bin Bin
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yun Juan
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jun Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yu Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yu Qian
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wei Ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000150:complications*; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000150:complications*