title: The prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion in patients with resectable gastric cancer: a large retrospective study from Southern China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The focus of this study was to assess the impact of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) on both the recurrence of cancer and the long-term survival of Chinese patients with resectable gastric cancer (GC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological data for 1148 GC patients who had undergone gastrectomy with regional lymphadenectomy was performed. The primary objective was to assess the correlation between LVI and post-surgery outcomes for each patient. This was done by routine H & E staining for LVI on patients' disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  LVI was detected in 404 (35.2%) of the 1148 GC patients. The presence of LVI was significantly correlated with the level of CA19-9, the tumor size, the Lauren classification, tumor differentiation, gastric wall invasive depth, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis and an advanced TNM stage. There was a lower DFS and DSS in the patients with LVI as compared to the patients without LVI. A multivariate analysis also identified LVI as an independent prognostic factor of both DSS and DFS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of LVI is a risk factor for the recurrence of cancer and an independent indicator of a poor outcome in GC patients following surgery. The LVI status should be taken into consideration when determining the best approach for the treatment of the individual.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. lipeng@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. lipeng@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. hehq@sysucc.org.cn.|Diagnostic Imaging and Intervening Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. hehq@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Hao-Qiang
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. zhuzhm@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. zhuzhm@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Chong-Mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. lingyh@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. lingyh@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Yi-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. huwm@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. huwm@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Wan-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. zhangxk@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. zhangxk@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Xin-Ke
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. luorzh@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. luorzh@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Rong-Zhen
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. yunjp@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. yunjp@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Jing-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. xiedan@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. liyuanf@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Gastric & Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. liyuanf@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Yuan-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. caimuyan@hotmail.com.|Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China. caimuyan@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mu-Yan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055815:Young Adult