title: Mechanically Induced Multicolor Change of Luminescent Materials.
abstract: Mechanofluorochromic or piezochromic fluorescence chemistry involves the switching and tuning of the luminescent properties of solid-state materials induced by exogenous forces, such as grinding, shearing, compression, tension, and so forth. Up until now, most reported mechanochromic systems, including liquid crystals, organic molecules, organometallic compounds, polymers, and dye-doped polymers, have displayed reversible two-color changes, which arise from either supramolecular or chemical structure transformations. However, fluorescent materials that undergo mechanically induced multicolor changes remain rare; this Minireview is focused on such materials. Topics are categorized according to the different applied forces that are required to induce the multicolor change, including mechanical control of either the supramolecular structures or the chemical structures, and mechanical control of both the supramolecular structures and chemical structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chemistry College, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China).
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chemistry College, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China).
authors.forename: Zhijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chemistry College, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China).
authors.forename: Mingjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chemistry College, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China).
authors.forename: Zejun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chemistry College, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China). xrjia@pku.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinru
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
keywords: fluorescence; forces; mechanochromism; multicolor switch; piezochromism