title: Isolation and characterisation of insulin-releasing compounds from Crotalus adamanteus, Crotalus vegrandis and Bitis nasicornis venom.
abstract: Crude venom from three venomous snakes, Crotalus adamanteus, Crotalus vegrandis and Bitis nasicornis was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography, and selected fractions screened for in-vitro insulinotropic activity using clonal pancreatic BRIN-BD11 cells. Nineteen fractions stimulated insulin secretion and the structural identity of bioactive compounds responsible was probed using MALDI-ToF MS and N-terminal Edman degradation sequencing. Partial N-terminal sequences were determined and their homology to existing sequences identified using BLAST searching. The main insulinotropic peptide families identified were made up of snake venom serine proteinases, phospholipases A2 (PLA2) and disintegrins. Snake venom constituents may have therapeutic potential for diabetes, with each of the three viper venoms tested providing insulinotropic compounds from a range of different toxin families.
authors.affiliation: SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Sara W M
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Vikas K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.affiliation: SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Flatt
authors.affiliation: SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Victor A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Gault
authors.affiliation: SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK. Electronic address: s.mcclean@ulster.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McClean
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017839:Crotalus / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D019483:Disintegrins / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D057057:Serine Proteases / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014757:Viper Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017819:Viperidae / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D019483:Disintegrins; D007328:Insulin; D014757:Viper Venoms; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D057057:Serine Proteases
keywords: Diabetes; Insulin secretion; Venom; Viperidae