title: Allogeneic cell transplant expands bone marrow distribution by colonizing previously abandoned areas: an FDG PET/CT analysis.
abstract: Mechanisms of hematopoietic reconstitution after bone marrow (BM) transplantation remain largely unknown. We applied a computational quantification software application to hybrid 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) images to assess activity and distribution of the hematopoietic system throughout the whole skeleton of recently transplanted patients. Thirty-four patients underwent PET/CT 30 days after either adult stem cell transplantation (allogeneic cell transplantation [ACT]; n = 18) or cord blood transplantation (CBT; n = 16). Our software automatically recognized compact bone volume and trabecular bone volume (IBV) in CT slices. Within IBV, coregistered PET data were extracted to identify the active BM (ABM) from the inactive tissue. Patients were compared with 34 matched controls chosen among a published normalcy database. Whole body ABM increased in ACT and CBT when compared with controls (12.4 ± 3 and 12.8 ± 6.8 vs 8.1 ± 2.6 mL/kg of ideal body weight [IBW], P < .001). In long bones, ABM increased three- and sixfold in CBT and ACT, respectively, compared with controls (0.9 ± 0.9 and 1.7 ± 2.5 vs 0.3 ± 0.3 mL/kg IBW, P < .01). These data document an unexpected distribution of transplanted BM into previously abandoned BM sites.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Nuclear Medicine, Genoa University, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura e Carattere Scientifico San Martino Istituto Scientifico Tumori, Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fiz
authors.affiliation: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, Milan, Section of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.affiliation: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche SPIN (Superconductors, oxides and other innovative materials and devices), Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campi
authors.affiliation: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche SPIN (Superconductors, oxides and other innovative materials and devices), Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Massone
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Stem Cell and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Podestà
authors.affiliation: Chair of Nuclear Medicine, Genoa University, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura e Carattere Scientifico San Martino Istituto Scientifico Tumori, Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bottoni
authors.affiliation: Chair of Nuclear Medicine, Genoa University, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura e Carattere Scientifico San Martino Istituto Scientifico Tumori, Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.affiliation: Chair of Nuclear Medicine, Genoa University, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura e Carattere Scientifico San Martino Istituto Scientifico Tumori, Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bongioanni
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Department, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura e Carattere Scientifico San Martino Istituto Scientifico Tumori, Genoa, Italy; and.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bacigalupo
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, University of Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piana
authors.affiliation: Chair of Nuclear Medicine, Genoa University, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura e Carattere Scientifico San Martino Istituto Scientifico Tumori, Genoa, Italy;
authors.forename: Gianmario
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sambuceti
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Department, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura e Carattere Scientifico San Martino Istituto Scientifico Tumori, Genoa, Italy; and.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frassoni
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D000368:Aged; D064591:Allografts; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18