title: Urine matrix metalloproteinases and their extracellular inducer EMMPRIN in children with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transforming growth factor (TGF)beta1 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an essential role in CKD-related tissue remodeling. However, there are no data on urine MMPs and their extracellular inducer EMMPRIN in CKD patients. The aim of study was to assess the concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, EMMPRIN and TGFbeta1 in serum and urine of CKD children and to analyze the potential relations between those parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one pre-dialysis CKD children and 23 age-matched controls were enrolled in the study. The concentrations of analyzed parameters were assessed by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum and urine values of MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, EMMPRIN and TGFbeta1 were significantly elevated in CKD patients versus controls. The MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in urine correlated significantly with the corresponding values in serum, whereas MMP-7, EMMPRIN and TGFbeta1 urine concentrations did not. There were also significant correlations between urine values of all parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased urine levels of MMPs, EMMPRIN and TGFbeta1 indicate enhanced proteolysis and renal tissue remodeling. In the case of MMP-7, EMMPRIN and TGFbeta1 those disturbances seem independent of enhanced serum activity of the corresponding enzymes. The urine MMP-7 and EMMPRIN concentrations may serve as new independent indices of tissue remodeling and renal interstitial fibrosis in children with CKD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Nephrology , Wrocław Medical University , Wrocław , Poland.
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Musiał
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Nephrology , Wrocław Medical University , Wrocław , Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bargenda
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Nephrology , Wrocław Medical University , Wrocław , Poland.
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zwolińska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D051926:Basigin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D012016:Reference Values; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D051926:Basigin; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: EMMPRIN; MMP-2; MMP-7; MMP-9; TGFbeta1