title: Candida rugosa lipase immobilization on hydrophilic charged gold nanoparticles as promising biocatalysts: Activity and stability investigations.
abstract: In this work, a simple and versatile methodology to obtain two different bioconjugated systems has been developed by the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) on hydrophilic gold nanoparticles functionalized with 2-diethylaminoethanethiol hydrochloride (DEA) or with sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate (3MPS), namely Au-DEA@CRL and Au-3MPS@CRL. Both spectroscopic and morphological properties of metal nanoparticles have been deeply investigated. The enzyme loading and lipolytic activity of AuNPs@CRL bioconjugates have been studied with respect to different surface functionalization and compared with the free enzyme. Some physical and chemical parameters had a strong effect on enzyme activity and stability, that were improved in the case of the Au-DEA@CRL bioconjugate, which showed a remarkable biocatalytic performance (95% of residual lipolytic activity compared with free CRL) and stability in experimental conditions concerning pH (range 5-8) and temperature (range 20-60°C), as often required for the industrial scale up of catalytic systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Iole
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Venditti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: cleofe.palocci@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Cleofe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Palocci
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chronopoulou
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: ilaria.fratoddi@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fratoddi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.affiliation: Technology and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diociaiuti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Center for Protection of Environment and Cultural Heritages (CIABC), Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Vittoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Russo
mesh_terms: D055162:Biocatalysis; D002175:Candida / Q000201:enzymology*; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008066:Lipolysis; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: C579787:3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D006046:Gold; D008049:Lipase
keywords: Biocatalysis; Candida rugosa lipase; Gold nanoparticles; Lipase immobilization