title: Proteomic analysis of secreted proteins by human bronchial epithelial cells in response to cadmium toxicity.
abstract: For years, many studies have been conducted to investigate the intracellular response of cells challenged with toxic metal(s), yet, the corresponding secretome responses, especially in human lung cells, are largely unexplored. Here, we provide a secretome analysis of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ), with the aim of identifying secreted proteins in response to Cd toxicity. Proteins from control and spent media were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and visualized by silver staining. Differentially-secreted proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis and database searching. We characterized, for the first time, the extracellular proteome changes of BEAS-2B dosed with Cd. Our results unveiled that Cd treatment led to the marked upregulation of molecular chaperones, antioxidant enzymes, enzymes associated with glutathione metabolic process, proteins involved in cellular energy metabolism, as well as tumor-suppressors. Pretreatment of cells with the thiol antioxidant glutathione before Cd treatment effectively abrogated the secretion of these proteins and prevented cell death. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Cd causes oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity; and the differentially-secreted protein signatures could be considered as targets for potential use as extracellular biomarkers upon Cd exposure.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: De-Ju
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dong-Yang
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wing-Yan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.|Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
authors.forename: William Chi-Shing
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Yeon
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Andy T Y
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media / Q000032:analysis; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003470:Culture Media; D011506:Proteins; C515940:PRDX1 protein, human; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D005978:Glutathione; D019256:Cadmium Chloride
keywords: BEAS-2B; Biomedicine; Cadmium; Human lung cells; Mass spectrometry; Secretomics