title: Genome-wide screen of ovary-specific DNA methylation in polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in ovary tissue from women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study matched for age and body mass index.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten women with PCOS who underwent ovarian drilling to induce ovulation and 10 healthy women who were undergoing laparoscopic sterilization, hysterectomy for benign conditions, diagnostic laparoscopy for pelvic pain, or oophorectomy for nonovarian indications.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns determined by immunoprecipitation and microarray (MeDIP-chip) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The methylation levels were statistically significantly higher in CpG island shores (CGI shores), which lie outside of core promoter regions, and lower within gene bodies in women with PCOS relative to the controls. In addition, high CpG content promoters were the most frequently hypermethylated promoters in PCOS ovaries but were more often hypomethylated in controls. Second, 872 CGIs, specifically methylated in PCOS, represented 342 genes that could be associated with various molecular functions, including protein binding, hormone activity, and transcription regulator activity. Finally, methylation differences were validated in seven genes by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. These genes correlated to several functional families related to the pathogenesis of PCOS and may be potential biomarkers for this disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that epigenetic modification differs between PCOS and normal ovaries, which may help to further understand the pathophysiology of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cui-Xiang
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yin-Kun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: weizhang611@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: DNA methylation; MeDIP-chip analysis; epigenetic; genome; polycystic ovary syndrome