title: Quantitative evaluation of apically extruded debris with Twisted File Adaptive instruments in straight root canals: reciprocation with different angles, adaptive motion and continuous rotation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of movement kinematics when using Twisted File Adaptive instruments (SybronEndo, Orange, CA, USA) (TF Adaptive) on the amount of apically extruded debris.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight extracted mandibular incisor teeth were selected. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n ꞊ 12), and the root canals were instrumented using the following movement kinematics: TF Adaptive motion, 90° clockwise (CW) to 30° counterclockwise (CCW) reciprocating motion, 150°CW to 30°CCW reciprocating motion or continuous rotation. TF Adaptive instruments were used for all groups. Debris extruded apically during instrumentation was collected in pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes, and after drying, the mean weight of the debris was assessed with an electronic balance. The data were analysed statistically using a one-way analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 90° CW to 30° CCW reciprocating motion produced the highest mean extrusion value, and this was significantly greater when compared with continuous rotation (P < 0.05). 150° CW to 30° CCW reciprocating, adaptive and continuous rotation motions produced similar amounts of debris extrusion (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Movement kinematics affected the amount of apically extruded debris when using Twisted File Adaptive instruments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8145-8763
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karataş
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: D Ö
authors.initials: DÖ
authors.lastname: Kırıcı
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alsancak
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Çapar
mesh_terms: D003762:Dental Instruments; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007180:Incisor; D008334:Mandible; D008422:Materials Testing; D009068:Movement; D011897:Random Allocation; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012399:Rotation; D019227:Tooth Apex
keywords: Twisted File Adaptive; continuous rotation; movement kinematics; reciprocation