title: The effect of acute vs chronic magnesium supplementation on exercise and recovery on resistance exercise, blood pressure and total peripheral resistance on normotensive adults.
abstract: Magnesium supplementation has previously shown reductions in blood pressure of up to 12 mmHg. A positive relationship between magnesium supplementation and performance gains in resistance exercise has also been seen. However, no previous studies have investigated loading strategies to optimise response. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of oral magnesium supplementation on resistance exercise and vascular response after intense exercise for an acute and chronic loading strategy on a 2-day repeat protocol.
  
  
  
  The study was a randomised, double-blind, cross-over design, placebo controlled 2 day repeat measure protocol (n = 13). Intense exercise (40 km time trial) was followed by bench press at 80% 1RM to exhaustion, with blood pressure and total peripheral resistance (TPR) recorded. 300 mg/d elemental magnesium was supplemented for either a 1 (A) or 4 (Chr) week loading strategy. Food diaries were recorded.
  
  
  
  Dietary magnesium intake was above the Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) for all groups. Bench press showed a significant increase of 7.7% (p = 0.031) [corrected] for A on day 1. On day 2 A showed no decrease in performance whilst Chr showed a 32.1% decrease. On day 2 post-exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly lower in both A (p = 0.0.47) and Chr (p = 0.016) groups. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed significant decreases on day 2 solely for A (p = 0.047) with no changes in the Chr. TPR reduced for A on days 1 and 2 (p = 0.031) with Chr showing an increase on day 1 (p = 0.008) and no change on day 2.
  
  
  
  There was no cumulative effect of Chr supplementation compared to A. A group showed improvement for bench press concurring with previous research which was not seen in Chr. On day 2 A showed a small non-significant increase but not a decrement as expected with Chr showing a decrease. DBP showed reductions in both Chr and A loading, agreeing with previous literature. This is suggestive of a different mechanism for BP reduction than for muscular strength. TPR showed greater reductions with A than Chr, which would not be expected as both interventions had reductions in BP, which is associated with TPR.
authors.affiliation: University of Hertfordshire, School of Life and Medical Science, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL10 9AB UK.
authors.forename: Lindsy S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Kass
authors.affiliation: University of Hertfordshire, School of Life and Medical Science, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL10 9AB UK.
authors.forename: Filipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Poeira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D055070:Resistance Training; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium
keywords: Acute and chronic loading; Bench press; Blood pressure; Magnesium supplementation