title: [Pulmonary complications in pediatric patients with primary immunodeficiency].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary immunodeficiencies comprise diseases that impair the immune system. Clinical manifestations are characterized by recurrent respiratory infections, which may be complicated by bronchiectasis, peribronchial thickening, abscesses, bullae, and pulmonary fibrosis. The aim of this study was to determine pulmonary complications in pediatric primary immunodeficiency by type. RESULTS. We included 65 patients, 28 patients with humoral immunodeficiency, four with cellular immunodeficiency, 13 with well-defined syndromes, and 20 with phagocytic defects. Patients with cellular immunodeficiency with symptoms began at an early age, and were diagnosed before one year of age (p = 0.01 ). Patients with humoral immunodeficiency had more frequent and early respiratory symptoms (p = 0.01 ). The most common respiratory diseases were acute suppurative otitis media, with sinusitis and pneumonia more common in humoral immunodeficiencies and phagocytic defects. The most common pulmonary complications were bronchiectasis and pulmonary fibrosis interstitial damage, with no statistical difference between primary immunodeficiency type. Pulmonary function tests showed greater impairment in patients with phagocyte defects, but no statistical difference (p = 0.28). The presence of pulmonary complications showed no difference when compared by type of immunodeficiency, agammaglobulinemia only (p = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cell immunodeficiencies are diagnosed as early as the onset of symptoms before the patient is one year old. Humoral immunodeficiencies present maximum upper and lower respiratory infections and increased risk of pulmonary complications, especially agammaglobulinemia.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) N.o 25, Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Membrila-Mondragón
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) N.o 25, Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
authors.forename: Aidé Tamara
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Staines-Boone
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) N.o 25, Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
authors.forename: Luz María
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Neumologa Pediatra, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) N.o 25, Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Pedraza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male