title: Pre-hatching fluoxetine-induced neurochemical, neurodevelopmental, and immunological changes in newly hatched cuttlefish.
abstract: Embryonic and early postembryonic development of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (a cephalopod mollusk) occurs in coastal waters, an environment subject to considerable pressure from xenobiotic pollutants such as pharmaceutical residues. Given the role of serotonin in brain development and its interaction with neurodevelopmental functions, this study focused on fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI, antidepressant). The goal was to determine the effects of subchronic waterborne FLX exposure (1 and 10 μg L(-1)) during the last 15 days of embryonic development on neurochemical, neurodevelopmental, behavioral, and immunological endpoints at hatching. Our results showed for the first time that organic contaminants, such as FLX, could pass through the eggshell during embryonic development, leading to a substantial accumulation of this molecule in hatchlings. We also found that FLX embryonic exposure (1 and 10 μg L(-1)) (1) modulated dopaminergic but not serotonergic neurotransmission, (2) decreased cell proliferation in key brain structures for cognitive and visual processing, (3) did not induce a conspicuous change in camouflage quality, and (4) decreased lysozyme activity. In the long term, these alterations observed during a critical period of development may impair complex behaviors of the juvenile cuttlefish and thus lead to a decrease in their survival. Finally, we suggest a different mode of action by FLX between vertebrate and non-vertebrate species and raise questions regarding the vulnerability of early life stages of cuttlefish to the pharmaceutical contamination found in coastal waters.
authors.affiliation: Normandie Université, CS F-14032, Caen, France.|GMPc (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), EA 4259, Campus Horowitz, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS F-14032, Caen cedex, France.
authors.forename: Flavie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bidel
authors.affiliation: Normandie Université, CS F-14032, Caen, France.|GMPc (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), EA 4259, Campus Horowitz, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS F-14032, Caen cedex, France.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Poi
authors.affiliation: Normandie Université, CS F-14032, Caen, France.|UMR BOREA, MNHN, UPMC, CNRS-7028, IRD-207, IBFA Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS F-14032, Caen Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Boudjema
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Imarazene
authors.affiliation: Normandie Université, CS F-14032, Caen, France.|UMR BOREA, MNHN, UPMC, CNRS-7028, IRD-207, IBFA Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS F-14032, Caen Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Noussithé
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koueta
authors.affiliation: EPOC (Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux), UMR 5805 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'Environnement (LPTC), 351 crs de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Budzinski
authors.affiliation: EPOC (Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux), UMR 5805 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'Environnement (LPTC), 351 crs de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Delft
authors.affiliation: Normandie Université, CS F-14032, Caen, France.|GMPc (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), EA 4259, Campus Horowitz, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS F-14032, Caen cedex, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bellanger
authors.affiliation: Normandie Université, CS F-14032, Caen, France. christelle.alves@unicaen.fr.|GMPc (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), EA 4259, Campus Horowitz, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS F-14032, Caen cedex, France. christelle.alves@unicaen.fr.
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jozet-Alves
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D049832:Decapodiformes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D005473:Fluoxetine; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Bioconcentration; Brain maturation; Camouflage; Cell proliferation; Cephalopods; Immune system; Monoamines; Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)