title: Polypropylene Bundle Attached Multilayered Stigeoclonium Biofilms Cultivated in Untreated Sewage Generate High Biomass and Lipid Productivity.
abstract: The potential of microalgae biofuel has not been realized because of the low productivity and high costs associated with the current cultivation systems. In this study, a new low-cost and transparent attachment material was tested for cultivation of a filamentous algal strain, Stigeoclonium sp., isolated from wastewater. Initially, the different materials tested for Stigeoclonium cultivation in untreated wastewater were nylon mesh, polyethylene mesh, polypropylene bundle (PB), polycarbonate plate, and viscose rayon. Among the materials tested, PB led to a firm attachment, high biomass (53.22 g/m(2), dry cell weight), and total lipid yield (5.8 g/m(2)) with no perceivable change in FAME profile. The Stigeoclonium-dominated biofilm consisted of bacteria and extracellular polysaccharide, which helped in biofilm formation and for effective wastewater treatment (viz., removal efficiency of total nitrogen and total phosphorus corresponded to ~38% and ~90%, respectively). PB also demonstrated high yields under multilayered cultivation in a single reactor treating wastewater. Hence, this system has several advantages over traditional suspended and attached systems, with possibility of increasing areal productivity three times using Stigeoclonium sp. Therefore, multilayered attached growth algal cultivation systems seem to be the future cultivation model for large-scale biodiesel production and wastewater treatment.
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Hyuk
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.|Major of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.|Major of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Woon
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.|Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.|Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Zion
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Major of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Mock
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.|Major of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D012722:Sewage
keywords: Stigeoclonium sp.; algae; attachment material; biofilm; multilayered culture; municipal wastewater