title: Pelvic Arterial Anatomy Relevant to Prostatic Artery Embolisation and Proposal for Angiographic Classification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe and categorize the angiographic findings regarding prostatic vascularization, propose an anatomic classification, and discuss its implications for the PAE procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Angiographic findings from 143 PAE procedures were reviewed retrospectively, and the origin of the inferior vesical artery (IVA) was classified into five subtypes as follows: type I: IVA originating from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery (IIA), from a common trunk with the superior vesical artery (SVA); type II: IVA originating from the anterior division of the IIA, inferior to the SVA origin; type III: IVA originating from the obturator artery; type IV: IVA originating from the internal pudendal artery; and type V: less common origins of the IVA. Incidences were calculated by percentage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred eighty-six pelvic sides (n = 286) were analyzed, and 267 (93.3%) were classified into I-IV types. Among them, the most common origin was type IV (n = 89, 31.1%), followed by type I (n = 82, 28.7%), type III (n = 54, 18.9%), and type II (n = 42, 14.7%). Type V anatomy was seen in 16 cases (5.6%). Double vascularization, defined as two independent prostatic branches in one pelvic side, was seen in 23 cases (8.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the large number of possible anatomical variations of male pelvis, four main patterns corresponded to almost 95% of the cases. Evaluation of anatomy in a systematic fashion, following a standard classification, will make PAE a faster, safer, and more effective procedure.
authors.affiliation: Interventional Radiology and Endovascular Surgery Department, Radiology Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Avenue, 255 Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil, andre.maa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: André Moreira
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Assis
authors.forename: Airton Mota
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Vanessa Cristina
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: de Paula Rodrigues
authors.forename: Sardis Honoria
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Harward
authors.forename: Alberto Azoubel
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srougi
authors.forename: Francisco Cesar
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Carnevale
mesh_terms: D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D010388:Pelvis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011467:Prostate / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies