title: Biliary and duodenal drainage for reducing the radiotoxic risk of antineoplastic 131I-hypericin in rat models.
abstract: Necrosis targeting radiopharmaceutical (131)I-hypericin ((131)I-Hyp) has been studied for the therapy of solid malignancies. However, serious side effects may be caused by its unwanted radioactivity after being metabolized by the liver and excreted via bile in the digestive tract. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate two kinds of bile draining for reducing them. Thirty-eight normal rats were intravenously injected with (131)I-Hyp, 24 of which were subjected to the common bile duct (CBD) drainage for gamma counting of collected bile and tissues during 1-6, 7-12, 13-18, and 19-24 h (n = 6 each group), 12 of which were divided into two groups (n = 6 each group) for comparison of the drainage efficiency between CBD catheterization and duodenum intubation by collecting their bile at the first 4 h. Afterwards the 12 rats together with the last two rats which were not drained were scanned via single-photon emission computerized tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) to check the differences. The images showed that almost no intestinal radioactivity can be found in those 12 drained rats while discernible radioactivity in the two undrained rats. The results also indicated that the most of the radioactivity was excreted from the bile within the first 12 h, accounting to 92% within 24 h. The radioactive metabolites in the small and large intestines peaked at 12 h and 18 h, respectively. No differences were found in those two ways of drainages. Thus bile drainage is highly recommended for the patients who were treated by (131)I-Hyp if human being and rats have a similar excretion pattern. This strategy can be clinically achieved by using a nasobiliary or nasoduodenal drainage catheter.
authors.affiliation: Lab of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 210028 Nanjing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Lab of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 210028 Nanjing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Cuihua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: PET/CT center, the Sichuan Cancer Hospital, 610048 Chengdu, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 250062 Jinan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ziping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marlein Miranda
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cona
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210009 Nanjing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Lab of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 210028 Nanjing, P.R. China zjwonderful@hotmail.com zhangjian@jsatcm.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Lab of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 210028 Nanjing, P.R. China Radiation Medical Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 250062 Jinan, P.R. China Department of Radiology, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Yicheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000873:Anthracenes; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003135:Common Bile Duct / Q000378:metabolism*; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism*; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D010569:Perylene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D010569:Perylene; C004965:hypericin
keywords: 131I-hypericin; common bile duct drainage; distribution; duodenal drainage; radioactivity; solid tumor therapy