title: A comparative study on edible Agaricus mushrooms as functional foods.
abstract: Agaricus bisporus is a cultivated mushroom; A. bitorquis, A. campestris and A. macrosporus are edible mushrooms growing wild in nature. A chemical characterization was carried out with samples that originated in Serbia. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing properties of their methanolic and ethanolic extracts were assessed. A. campestris had the lowest caloric value and total sugar content and showed the highest concentration in organic and phenolic acids, as also in tocopherols (mainly γ-tocopherol). In general, the methanolic extracts showed higher antioxidant, but lower antibacterial and antifungal potential than ethanolic ones. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of the ethanolic extracts demonstrated reduction of virulence factors, AQ inhibition zones, twitching and swimming motility. The biofilm forming capability of P. aeruginosa PAO1 was also reduced in a concentration-dependent manner at sub-MIC values. The extracts of the tested Agaricus species are a promising source of antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiquorum sensing compounds.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. mris@ibiss.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Jasmina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glamočlija
authors.forename: Dejan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stojković
authors.forename: Miloš
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikolić
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ćirić
authors.forename: Filipa S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Lillian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Isabel C F R
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soković
mesh_terms: D000364:Agaricus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005407:Flagella / Q000502:physiology; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D009753:Nutritive Value; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D053038:Quorum Sensing; D055771:Serbia; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D055814:Wilderness
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001688:Biological Products; D012997:Solvents; D037521:Virulence Factors; D000431:Ethanol; D000432:Methanol