title: New approaches to reduce radiation exposure.
abstract: Exposure to ionizing radiation is associated with a long-term risk of health effects, including cancer. Radiation exposure to the U.S. population from cardiac imaging has increased markedly over the past three decades. Initiatives to reduce radiation exposure have focused on the tenets of appropriate study "justification" and "optimization" of imaging protocols. This article reviews ways to optimally reduce radiation dose across the spectrum of cardiac imaging.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Electronic address: kevin.hill@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY; Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Einstein
mesh_terms: D057791:Cardiac Imaging Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D000069079:Radiation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011870:Radiologic Health / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Cardiac catheterization; Cardiac computed tomography effective dose; Cardiac imaging; Myocardial perfusion imaging; Radiation safety