title: Association between shift work and severity of depressive symptoms among female nurses: the Korea Nurses' Health Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of depression and the relationship between shift work and depression severity among female nurses in South Korea.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Shift work has been associated with higher risks of depressive symptoms, but there is a dearth of research on nurses, particularly investigating the severity of depressive symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative data including survey response from 9789 participants were analysed. Statistical analysis included descriptive, Spearman's correlation and multivariable ordinal logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The numbers of nurses according to the severity of depressive symptoms were 35.2% (n = 3445), 38.0% (n = 3716), 16.1% (n = 1578), 7.6% (n = 747) and 3.1% (n = 303) for normal, mild, moderate, severely moderate and severe level of depressive symptoms, respectively. After adjusting for sociodemographic and health behavioural factors, nurses who worked shifts had 1.519-times greater odds of experiencing a higher severity of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.519, CI = 1.380-1.674, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms among nurses who worked shifts and suggests that shift work may increase the severity of depressive symptoms among female nurses in South Korea.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nursing professionals, managers and health policy makers need to understand the factors influencing depressive symptoms and to use appropriate interventions based on the severity and not just the onset.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Doowon Technical University College, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.|Korea Nurses' Health Study, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hea Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Korea Nurses' Health Study, Seoul, Korea.|College of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Korea.|Research Institute of Health Policy, Korean Nurses Association, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Korean Nurses Association, Seoul, Korea.|Division of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: OkSoo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Korea Nurses' Health Study, Seoul, Korea.|Stat Edu, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Il-Hyun
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Korea Nurses' Health Study, Seoul, Korea.|College of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Korea.|Research Institute of Health Policy, Korean Nurses Association, Seoul, Korea.|BK21 PLUS Program in 'Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction', Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Han-Kyoul
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Korea Nurses' Health Study; depressive symptoms; nurse; shift work