title: Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Technique for Gentamicin Drug Susceptibility Studies with Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.
abstract: Antimicrobial drug susceptibility tests involving multiple time-consuming steps are still used as reference methods. Today, there is a need for the development of new automated instruments that can provide faster results and reduce operating time, reagent costs, and labor requirements. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy meets those requirements. The metabolism and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 in the presence of gentamicin have been analyzed using NMR and compared with a reference method. Direct incubation of the bacteria (with and without gentamicin) into the NMR tube has also been performed, and differences in the NMR spectra were obtained. The MIC, determined by the reference method found in this study, would correspond with the termination of the bacterial metabolism observed with NMR. Experiments carried out directly into the NMR tube enabled the development of antimicrobial drug susceptibility tests to assess the effectiveness of the antibiotic. NMR is an objective and reproducible method for showing the effects of a drug on the subject bacterium and can emerge as an excellent tool for studying bacterial activity in the presence of different antibiotic concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital San Pedro, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: García-Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química de la Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Busto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química de la Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avenoza
authors.affiliation: Área de Microbiología Molecular, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sáenz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química de la Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Peregrina
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital San Pedro, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain jaoteo@riojasalud.es.
authors.forename: José A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7080-6542
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oteo
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins