title: Molecular analyses detect natural coinfection of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) with bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV) in serologically negative animals.
abstract: Infection of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) with bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV) has been confirmed in several studies by serological and molecular techniques. In order to determine the presence of persistently infected animals and circulating species and subtypes of BVDV we conducted this study on a buffalo herd, whose habitat was shared with bovine cattle (Bossp.). Our serological results showed a high level of positivity for BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 within the buffalo herd. The molecular analyses of blood samples in serologically negative animals revealed the presence of viral nucleic acid, confirming the existence of persistent infection in the buffaloes. Cloning and sequencing of the 5' UTR of some of these samples revealed the presence of naturally mix-infected buffaloes with at least two different subtypes (1a and 1b), and also with both BVDV species (BVDV-1 and BVDV-2).
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: craig.maria@inta.gob.ar.
authors.forename: María I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Castelar, Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
authors.forename: Guido A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: König
authors.affiliation: Estación Experimental Agropecuaria (INTA), Mercedes, Corrientes, Argentina.
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Benitez
authors.affiliation: Estación Experimental Agropecuaria (INTA), Mercedes, Corrientes, Argentina.
authors.forename: María G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Draghi
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D002020:Buffaloes / Q000821:virology*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle / Q000382:microbiology; D060085:Coinfection / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D030241:Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030242:Diarrhea Virus 2, Bovine Viral / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D058507:Host Specificity; D018182:Pestivirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D013045:Species Specificity; D014766:Viremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Bovine viral diarrhea virus; Buffalo; Búfalo; Coinfección; Coinfection; Infección persistente; Persistent infection; Virus de la diarrea viral bovina