title: A modeling approach to determine how much UV radiation is available across the UK and Ireland for health risk and benefit studies.
abstract: A detailed map of the available UV across the UK from 2003 to 2012 is provided. A suite of data derived from climatologies and satellite observations are used to calculate spectral UV irradiance and related weighted doses (erythema, DNA damage, vitamin D). The result is a well-validated tool that has two advantages: (i) the output is simulated spectral UV irradiance that can be weighted with any action spectrum for use in any research studies that require ambient UV data, (ii) reliance on instruments with planned operational lives of at least several years that ensures data and method homogeneity for extension to future studies. The model-derived doses are satisfactory validated against spectral ground-based measurements at two sites. According to the calculated climatology, the southern part of the UK receives 1.5-2 times more UV than the north during spring, summer and autumn. During wintertime, the UV doses in the far north are an order of magnitude lower than southern values. Even for the same latitude, regional variations of cloudiness result in doses at coastal sites being up to 25% higher than inland areas.
authors.affiliation: School of Earth Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, UK. akaza@upatras.gr.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kazantzidis
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smedley
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kift
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rimmer
authors.forename: Jacqueline L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Lesley E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: Ann R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Webb
mesh_terms: D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D006113:United Kingdom