title: Effect of Oenothera odorata Root Extract on Microgravity and Disuse-Induced Muscle Atrophy.
abstract: Muscle atrophy, a reduction of muscle mass, strength, and volume, results from reduced muscle use and plays a key role in various muscular diseases. In the microgravity environment of space especially, muscle atrophy is induced by muscle inactivity. Exposure to microgravity induces muscle atrophy through several biological effects, including associations with reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study used 3D-clinostat to investigate muscle atrophy caused by oxidative stress in vitro, and sciatic denervation was used to investigate muscle atrophy in vivo. We assessed the effect of Oenothera odorata root extract (EVP) on muscle atrophy. EVP helped recover cell viability in C2C12 myoblasts exposed to microgravity for 24 h and delayed muscle atrophy in sciatic denervated mice. However, the expressions of HSP70, SOD1, and ceramide in microgravity-exposed C2C12 myoblasts and in sciatic denervated mice were either decreased or completely inhibited. These results suggested that EVP can be expected to have a positive effect on muscle atrophy by disuse and microgravity. In addition, EVP helped characterize the antioxidant function in muscle atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei-Fraunhofer Medical Device Lab, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Hyeon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei-Fraunhofer Medical Device Lab, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei-Fraunhofer Medical Device Lab, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kabayama
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Material Diagnostics, 01129 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Opitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei-Fraunhofer Medical Device Lab, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei-Fraunhofer Medical Device Lab, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tack-Joong
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kim