title: Nutcracker and jackhammer esophagus treatment: a three-case survey, including two novel cases of eosinophilic infiltration into the muscularis propria.
abstract: Nutcracker esophagus and jackhammer esophagus are largely unknown motility disorders, also sometimes called hypertensive and hypercontractile peristalsis, respectively. There is currently no standardized diagnostic or management plan for these diseases. Here, we report on three patients with jackhammer/nutcracker esophagus who were treated with either peroral endoscopic myotomy or a systemic steroid regimen, focusing particularly on two novel presentations of nutcracker and jackhammer esophagus involving eosinophilic infiltration into the muscularis propria, and their responses to both interventions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Niigata Daini Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Terasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Center, Showa University, Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruhiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D049630:Esophageal Sphincter, Lower / Q000601:surgery; D049631:Esophageal Sphincter, Upper / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D011241:Prednisone