title: Failure of a Single Varicella Vaccination to Protect Children With Cancer From Life-Threatening Breakthrough Varicella.
abstract: We report 2 children with life-threatening breakthrough varicella. Both had received 1 varicella vaccination before onset of cancer. Despite treatment with intravenous acyclovir, 1 child died of disseminated varicella. Because similar fatal cases have been reported, high-risk immunocompromised children with 1 varicella vaccination may warrant the same varicella prophylaxis as immunocompromised children who have never been vaccinated.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Albany Medical College, Albany New York; and †Division of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Children's Hospital, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tristram
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grose
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000293:Adolescent; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine; D000212:Acyclovir