title: Ferrocene incorporated selenoureas as anticancer agents.
abstract: For a compound to be a best chemopreventive agent it should be a descent DNA binder and at the same time should be active against any of the three stages of carcinogenesis i.e. cancer initiation, cancer propagation and tumor growth. Most of the problems associated with chemotherapy can be overcome if the chemopreventive agent is active against all the three stages of cancer development. Cancer may be initiated by higher concentration of free radicals, inflammating agents and phase I enzymes (Cytochrome P450) in the body. Cancer propagation can be very efficiently controlled by inducing the phase II enzymes (glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), UDP-glucuronosyl transferases, and quinone reductases) in the body and cancer termination depends on the killing of the faulty cells i.e. cytotoxic actions. This article reports comprehensively the comparative DNA binding studies (with, cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis spectroscopy and viscometry), antioxidant activities (DPPH scavenging), anti-inflammatory activities (nitrite inhibition), phase I enzyme inhibition activities (aromatase inhibition), phase II enzyme induction studies (quinone reductase induction) and cytotoxic studies against neuroblastoma (MYCN2 and SK-N-SH), liver cancer (Hepa 1c1c7) and breast cancer (MCF-7) of seventeen ferrocene incorporated selenoureas.
authors.affiliation: Co-ordination Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Raja Azadar
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Co-ordination Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: aminbadshah@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badshah
authors.affiliation: University of Hawaii at Hilo, United States.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pezzuto
authors.affiliation: University of Hawaii at Hilo, United States; Phytoharmone Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Nadeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: University of Hawaii at Hilo, United States.
authors.forename: Tamara P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Kondratyuk
authors.affiliation: University of Hawaii at Hilo, United States.
authors.forename: Eun-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D000075163:Metallocenes; D051379:Mice; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011808:Quinone Reductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D000075163:Metallocenes; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; C081959:selenourea; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014508:Urea; D004247:DNA; D011808:Quinone Reductases; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C004998:ferrocene