title: Introduction to the Symposium-Unsteady Aquatic Locomotion with Respect to Eco-Design and Mechanics.
abstract: The importance of unsteadiness in the aquatic environment has come to the forefront in understanding locomotor mechanics in nature. The impact of unsteadiness, starting with control of posture and trajectories during aquatic locomotion, is ultimately expressed in energy costs, morphology, and fitness. Unsteadiness from both internal and external perturbations for aquatic animals is important at scales ranging from micro to macro to global.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19383, USA; CNR-IAMC, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Località Sa Mardini, Torregrande, Oristano 09170, Italy ffish@wcupa.edu.
authors.forename: Frank E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Fish
authors.affiliation: *Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19383, USA; CNR-IAMC, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Località Sa Mardini, Torregrande, Oristano 09170, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Domenici
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D017753:Ecosystem; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water