title: Forming a consensus opinion on exercise prehabilitation in elderly colorectal cancer patients: a Delphi study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is no consensus amongst colorectal surgeons as to whether preoperative exercise is beneficial in the management of colorectal cancer patients. Research has shown higher rates of postoperative complications in patients who are less fit. Agreement needs to be sought on whether improving fitness via exercise should be a part of preoperative care. The Delphi process is an iterative process designed to refine opinions on a subject, until consensus agreement is reached within an expert group.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a Delphi survey with a group of consultant colorectal surgeons. Statements achieving >80% agreement were taken as consensus, those achieving >80% disagreement were removed, and those in between were revised in the following round. The process ended with a group of statements which achieved consensus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-two statements were included in the first round of the survey. After three rounds of the survey, 21 statements were accepted as consensus, six statements were rejected, and seven statements did not reach consensus. It was agreed that exercise training should form part of preoperative care and would be supported by surgeons. That suitable programmes pose significant risk to patients was rejected. There was no consensus reached on the strength of current available evidence or whether it would be possible to deliver exercise programmes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work is the first to produce a set of statements on which expert consensus opinion has been agreed regarding preoperative exercise in colorectal cancer patients. Future work, informed by this study, will design interventions to produce rapid improvements in fitness before surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Boereboom
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leighton
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Lund
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D032921:Consensus; D003697:Delphi Technique; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D010809:Physical Fitness