title: Four-vessel occlusion model using aged male Wistar rats: a reliable model to resolve the discrepancy related to age in cerebral ischemia research.
abstract: Animal models of cerebral ischemia have typically been established and performed using young animals, even though cerebral ischemia (CI) affects primarily elderly patients. This situation represents a discrepancy that complicates the translation of novel therapeutic strategies for CI. Models of transient global CI using aged animals have demonstrated an apparent neuroprotective effect on CA1 hippocampal neurons; however, this effect is not completely understood. Our study used a model in which young (3-6 months) and aged (18-21 months) male Wistar rats were subjected to 15 min of transient global CI using the four-vessel occlusion (4 VO) model. We determined that the 4 VO model can be performed on aged rats with a slight increase in mortality rate. In aged rats, the morphological damage was completely established by the 4th day after reperfusion, displaying no difference from their younger counterparts. These results demonstrated the lack of a neuroprotective effect of aging on CA1 hippocampal neurons in aged male Wistar rats. This study determined and characterized the morphological damage to the CA1 area after 15 min of 4 VO in aged male Wistar rats, validating the use of this model in CI and aging research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ancer-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. eliud1511@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Eliud Enrique
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Villarreal-Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rodolfo Amador
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Salazar-Ybarra
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Quiroga-García
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Humberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Rocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Aracely
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-García
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morales-Avalos
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Service, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jesús Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Morales-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quiroga-Garza
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Odila
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Saucedo-Cárdenas
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Van Nuys Medical Science Building 635 Barnhill Drive, MS 507, 46202, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Zao Cheng
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Enrique
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Elizondo-Omaña
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Service, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Angel Raymundo
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Martínez-Ponce-de-León
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero and Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: Santos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guzmán-López
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology*; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000473:pathology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D017208:Rats, Wistar
keywords: Aging; Animal models; Brain ischemia; Global cerebral ischemia; Hippocampal CA1 region