title: Mechanisms of cell-cell interaction in oligodendrogenesis and remyelination after stroke.
abstract: White matter damage is a clinically important aspect of several central nervous system diseases, including stroke. Cerebral white matter primarily consists of axonal bundles ensheathed with myelin secreted by mature oligodendrocytes, which play an important role in neurotransmission between different areas of gray matter. During the acute phase of stroke, damage to oligodendrocytes leads to white matter dysfunction through the loss of myelin. On the contrary, during the chronic phase, white matter components promote an environment, which is favorable for neural repair, vascular remodeling, and remyelination. For effective remyelination to take place, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) play critical roles by proliferating and differentiating into mature oligodendrocytes, which help to decrease the burden of axonal injury. Notably, other types of cells contribute to these OPC responses under the ischemic conditions. This mini-review summarizes the non-cell autonomous mechanisms in oligodendrogenesis and remyelination after white matter damage, focusing on how OPCs receive support from their neighboring cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Cell Interactions In Stroke.
authors.affiliation: Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.affiliation: Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Takakuni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.affiliation: Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Josephine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lok
authors.affiliation: Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA. Electronic address: karai@partners.org.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000502:physiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Cell–cell interaction; Oligodendrocyte precursor cell; Stroke; White matter