title: [Therapeutic results in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome after Norwood procedure].
abstract: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) encompasses hypoplasia or atresia of the left ventricle, stenotic or artretic aortic and mitral valves and hypoplasia of the ascending aorta. The aim of the 1-st stage operation called the modified Norwood procedure is reconstruction of the systemic flow, providing an adequate pulmonary flow and relieving interatrial restriction. The aim of the study was the analysis of treatment results after the Norwood operation in children hospitalized at Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Departments in the period of 2009-2012. The material consisted of 65 children (42 males, 23 females). The following factors were analyzed: the age on admission, general condition, pre-operative clinical course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of children on admission was 4.4 ± 4.1 days and mean body weight--3.3 ± 0.5 kg. The general condition was good in the majority of patients (74%). The remaining children were found to have early symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF). Cardiological and/or surgical interventions were necessary in 33 (50.8%) patients, among them three children required both procedures. In the majority of patients (n = 21, 32%), the main cause of intervention was re-coarctation of the neo-aortic isth- mus treated with balloon plasty and/ or stenting. In the early post-operative period, six children died due to CHF (n = 4) and infections (n = 2), while the remaining six children died due to various complications while waiting for the 2nd stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the progress in diagnosis and treatment of children with HLHS the mortality is still high.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rudzińskii
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Olczykowska-Siara
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kużma
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kordon
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weryński
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rączka
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kołcz
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mroczek
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skalsk
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018636:Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D058327:Norwood Procedures / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome