title: Comparative analysis of adaptive immune response after vaccine trials using live attenuated and formalin-killed cells of Edwardsiella tarda in ginbuna crucian carp (Carassius auratus langsdorfii).
abstract: Edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in fish. Although vaccine trials with formalin-killed cells (FKC) have been reported, the vaccinations failed in protect against E. tarda infection. On the other hand, a live attenuated vaccine strategy is effective against edwardsiellosis; however, the mechanism underlying its effectiveness in fish is unclear. In the present study, we compared the adaptive immune responses in fish vaccinated with FKCs and live attenuated vaccines to elucidate the induction of adaptive immune responses following vaccination. After challenge with E. tarda, live cell (LC)-vaccinated fish showed high survival rates, high IFN-g and T-bet gene expression levels, and increased cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). In contrast, all FKC-vaccinated fish died following E. tarda infection. In addition, FKC vaccination induced high IL-4/13A and IL-10 expression levels and increased antibody titers, whereas Th1-like responses were suppressed. These results indicate that LC vaccination contributes to protection against E. tarda infection by inducing cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Thus our study findings could contribute to the development a vaccine that induces CMI against edwardsiellosis.
authors.affiliation: The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan. Electronic address: araki@fish.kagoshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kyosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan.
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruyoshi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, Minami-ise, Mie 516-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Chihaya
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakayasu
authors.affiliation: College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moritomo
authors.affiliation: College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
authors.forename: Teruyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D002347:Carps / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D020609:Edwardsiella tarda / Q000276:immunology*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007668:Kidney / Q000276:immunology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated
keywords: Cell-mediated immunity; Edwardsiella tarda; Ginbuna crucian carp; Th1/Th2 balance; Vaccine