title: Evaluation of the intraocular pressure changes during micturition in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of the Valsalva maneuver (VM) during micturition on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  
  
  METHODS
  IOP were measured before and during micturition in uroflowmetry testing by Tonopen-Avia (Reichert Inc., NY, USA) in 35 eyes of 35 patients with BPH. International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) questionnaire was used for quantification of BPH symptoms. The subjects were divided into two groups according to IPSS questionnaire: patients with low IPSS scores and patients with high IPSS scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean IOP before and during micturition in patients with BPH were 15.26 ± 4.39 mmHg and 16.23 ± 4.43 mmHg, respectively (p = 0.047). When patients with BPH were assigned to two distinct groups according to the IPSS scores, IOP did not differ in patients with low IPSS scores (p = 0.590), whereas mean IOP was significantly higher in patients with high IPSS scores (p = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Valsalva maneuver, performed during micturition, can lead to significant IOP increase in patients with BPH, particularly in advanced disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, and Department of Urology; Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey. isersan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ersan
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Sancak
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arikan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akbas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koklu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gencer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gulpinar
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Tufan
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hondur
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology