title: Circulating MicroRNAs as Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Early Detection of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Detection of lung cancer at an early stage by sensitive screening tests could be an important strategy to improving prognosis. Our objective was to identify a panel of circulating microRNAs in plasma that will contribute to early detection of lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma samples from 100 early stage (I to IIIA) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 100 non-cancer controls were screened for 754 circulating microRNAs via qRT-PCR, using TaqMan MicroRNA Arrays. Logistic regression with a lasso penalty was used to select a panel of microRNAs that discriminate between cases and controls. Internal validation of model discrimination was conducted by calculating the bootstrap optimism-corrected AUC for the selected model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified a panel of 24 microRNAs with optimum classification performance. The combination of these 24 microRNAs alone could discriminate lung cancer cases from non-cancer controls with an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87-0.95). This classification improved to an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.90-0.97) following addition of sex, age and smoking status to the model. Internal validation of the model suggests that the discriminatory power of the panel will be high when applied to independent samples with a corrected AUC of 0.78 for the 24-miRNA panel alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our 24-microRNA predictor improves lung cancer prediction beyond that of known risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Magdalena B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Wozniak
authors.affiliation: Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Ghislaine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scelo
authors.affiliation: Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: Institute of Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Anush
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukeria
authors.affiliation: Institute of Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaridze
authors.affiliation: Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brennan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs