title: Identification of deer species (Cervidae, Cetartiodactyla) in China using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtDNA COI).
abstract: In China, many deer species are threatened and their wild populations are decreasing. In this study, a segment of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) was used as a DNA barcode to identify Cervidae species. COI sequences of 30 individuals from nine species were determined. Together with 148 sequences from BOLD and Genbank, a total of 178 sequences from 21 species of the family Cervidae were analyzed. The results showed that all species had unique COI sequences, and there was no barcode sharing among them. The mean K2P distances within species, genus, and family were 1.3%, 3.4%, and 8.9%, respectively. The neighbor-joining (NJ) tree was in most cases concordant with modern deer classification. Three species showed maximum intraspecific divergences higher than their minimum interspecific divergences. However, all species could be discriminated by their diagnostic characters in BLOG analysis. The present study confirmed that COI barcodes can effectively distinguish Cervidae species in China.
authors.affiliation: a School of Basic Medical Sciences, Luzhou Medical College , Luzhou , China.|b Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China.
authors.forename: Yansen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: c Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding , Chengdu , China , and.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a School of Basic Medical Sciences, Luzhou Medical College , Luzhou , China.
authors.forename: Yiwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: d College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Yibin University , Yibin , China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a School of Basic Medical Sciences, Luzhou Medical College , Luzhou , China.
authors.forename: Qinglin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shui
authors.affiliation: b Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China.
authors.forename: Bisong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: c Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding , Chengdu , China , and.
authors.forename: Zhihe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: b Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000379:methods; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D003670:Deer / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics*; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
keywords: COI; Cervidae; DNA barcoding; species identification