title: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children with visceral leishmaniasis.
abstract: Acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocitosis (HLH) syndrome can be a complication of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). A multicenter prospective study was conducted to determine the frequency of HLH syndrome in children with VL. Twenty-four children with VL were identified, and 10 (41%) developed HLH syndrome. VL should be ruled out in all children with HLH criteria living in or coming from endemic areas.
authors.affiliation: From the *Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; †Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; ‡WHO Collaborating Centre for Leishmaniasis, Servicio de Parasitología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; §Department of Pediatrics, Fuenlabrada University Hospital, Fuenlabrada, Spain; ¶Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain; ‖Department of Pediatrics, Severo Ochoa University Hospital, Leganés, Spain; **Department of Pediatrics, Getafe University Hospital, Getafe, Spain; ††Department of Pediatrics, Móstoles University Hospital, Móstoles, Spain; and ‡‡Department of Pediatrics, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blázquez-Gamero
authors.forename: Nerea
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Pinilla
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chicharro
authors.forename: Sagrario
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Negreira
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galán
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pérez-Gorricho
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De la Parte
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Otheo
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vivanco
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Contreras
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000150:complications*; D051359:Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies