title: Downregulation of notch signaling pathway in late preterm and term placentas from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia.
abstract: Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, affecting 3-5% of all pregnancies. The Notch signaling pathway plays an important role during placental development, activating several target genes. Defects in the Notch pathway have adverse effect on placentation. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of receptors NOTCH1,-2,-3,-4, ligands DLL1,-3,-4, JAG1,-2 and target genes HEY1,-2 in placental tissue samples from 20 late preterm or term pregnancies complicated by PE versus 20 normal pregnancies. mRNA levels of the studied molecules were measured by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR), while the protein expression of the intracellular domain of NOTCH2 (NICD2) and NOTCH3 (NICD3) was measured by Western Blot (WB). qRT-PCR analysis revealed that NOTCH1, NOTCH4 and DLL1 were not expressed in the placenta. On the contrary, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, DLL3, DLL4, JAG1, JAG2, HEY1 and HEY2 mRNA levels were downregulated in PE samples vs. controls (p<0.01). WB confirmed that NICD2 (p = 0.014) and NICD3 (p<0.001) protein levels were also lower in PE specimens. Statistical analysis revealed several significant associations: of NOTCH3 mRNA expression with smoking during pregnancy (p = 0.029), of NICD3 protein levels (p = 0.028) and DLL3 mRNA levels (p = 0.041) with birth weight centile, and of HEY2 transcript levels with parity (p = 0.034) and mode of delivery (p = 0.028). Our results suggest that Notch pathway downregulation is associated with PE. Further studies are required in order to determine the role of these molecules in PE pathogenesis and to evaluate their potential use for the early detection and treatment of PE.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Persefoni
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fragkiadaki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soulitzis
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sifakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Demetrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koutroulakis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gourvas
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vrachnis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Demetrios A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Spandidos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D047929:Term Birth; D059467:Transcriptome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D051880:Receptors, Notch