title: Intraductal Ultrasonography without Radiocontrast Cholangiogramin Patients with Extrahepatic Biliary Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) has been performed as an adjunct to endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) during radiocontrast cholangiography (RC). Radiation exposure during RC poses a health risk to both patients and examiners. We evaluated the feasibility of IDUS without RC in various extrahepatic biliary diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  IDUS was performed with the insertion of an IDUS probe from the papilla of Vater to the confluent portion of the common hepatic duct without fluoroscopy. The technical success rate and procedure-related complications were evaluated retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wire-guided IDUS without RC was performed in 105 patients. The mean age was 66.5 years, and 50 (47.6%) were male. The IDUS diagnoses included choledocholithiasis (73, 69.5%), benign biliary stricture (11, 10.5%), choledocholithiasis with biliary pancreatitis (9, 8.6%), bile duct cancer (5, 4.8%), pancreatic cancer (1, 0.9%), and others (6, 5.7%). After IDUS, 66 (62.8%) underwent stone removal, 19 (18.1%) underwent biliary drainage, and 7 (6.6%) underwent brush cytology and biopsy. No significant complications such as perforation or severe pancreatitis occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IDUS without RC was a feasible and safe approach in patients with various extrahepatic biliary diseases. We anticipate a potentially important role of IDUS in various ERC procedures because it lacks the hazards of RC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Uk
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Ju
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kee
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Gwangju Christian Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Rew
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Korea.
authors.forename: Seon-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rew
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003287:Contrast Media; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography; Intraductal ultrasonography; Radiocontrast cholangiography