title: Endothelin in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease: preclinical and clinical studies.
abstract: The incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing. Despite current therapies, many patients with CKD have suboptimal blood pressure, ongoing proteinuria, and develop progressive renal dysfunction. Further therapeutic options therefore are required. Over the past 20 years the endothelin (ET) system has become a prime target. Experimental models have shown that ET-1, acting primarily via the endothelin-A receptor, plays an important role in the development of proteinuria, glomerular injury, fibrosis, and inflammation. Subsequent animal and early clinical studies using ET-receptor antagonists have suggested that theses therapies may slow renal disease progression primarily through blood pressure and proteinuria reduction. This review examines the current literature regarding the ET system in nondiabetic CKD.
authors.affiliation: University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK. Electronic address: Geoff.Culshaw@ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Geoff J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Culshaw
authors.affiliation: University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Iain M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: MacIntyre
authors.affiliation: University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Neeraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dhaun
authors.affiliation: University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Webb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D016232:Endothelins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; blood pressure; endothelin; endothelin-receptor antagonist; proteinuria