title: The psychometric properties of Observer OPTION(5), an observer measure of shared decision making.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Observer OPTION(5) was designed as a more efficient version of OPTION(12), the most commonly used measure of shared decision making (SDM). The current paper assesses the psychometric properties of OPTION(5).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two raters used OPTION(5) to rate recordings of clinical encounters from two previous patient decision aid (PDA) trials (n=201; n=110). A subsample was re-rated two weeks later. We assessed discriminative validity, inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, and concurrent validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OPTION(5) demonstrated discriminative validity, with increases in SDM between usual care and PDA arms. OPTION(5) also demonstrated concurrent validity with OPTION(12), r=0.61 (95%CI 0.54, 0.68) and intra-rater reliability, r=0.93 (0.83, 0.97). The mean difference in rater score was 8.89 (95% Credibility Interval, 7.5, 10.3), with intraclass correlation (ICC) of 0.67 (95% Credibility Interval, 0.51, 0.91) for the accuracy of rater scores and 0.70 (95% Credibility Interval, 0.56, 0.94) for the consistency of rater scores across encounters, indicating good inter-rater reliability. Raters reported lower cognitive burden when using OPTION(5) compared to OPTION(12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OPTION(5) is a brief, theoretically grounded observer measure of SDM with promising psychometric properties in this sample and low burden on raters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OPTION(5) has potential to provide reliable, valid assessment of SDM in clinical encounters.
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, USA. Electronic address: Paul.J.Barr@dartmouth.edu.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, USA. Electronic address: Alistair.J.O'Malley@dartmouth.edu.
authors.forename: Alistair James
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: O'Malley
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Center for Health Care Delivery Science, Hanover, USA. Electronic address: tsulukidze.maka@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsulukidze
authors.affiliation: Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA; Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA. Electronic address: Gionfriddo.Michael@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gionfriddo
authors.affiliation: Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA. Electronic address: Montori.Victor@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Montori
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, USA; The Dartmouth Center for Health Care Delivery Science, Hanover, USA. Electronic address: glynelwyn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Glyn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elwyn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003142:Communication; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000523:psychology*; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013637:Tape Recording; D014741:Video Recording
keywords: Measurement; Patient–provider communication; Psychometrics; Shared decision making