title: Effects of nutritional programing on growth and metabolism caused by albumen removal in an avian model.
abstract: In mammalian models of prenatal undernutrition the maternal diet is manipulated, exerting both nutritional and hormonal effects on the offspring. In contrast, in the chicken, strictly nutritional effects can be applied. Prenatal protein undernutrition in chickens was induced by partial replacement of albumen with saline during early embryonic development (albumen-deprived group) and results were compared with a sham-manipulated and a non-manipulated group. Body weight of the albumen-deprived hens was reduced throughout the entire experimental period (0-55 weeks). The reproductive capacity was diminished in the albumen-deprived hens as reflected in the reduced number of eggs and lower egg weight. The plasma triiodothyronine levels were increased in the albumen-deprived group compared with the non-manipulated hens, but not the sham-manipulated hens. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 10 weeks of age revealed a decreased glucose tolerance in the albumen-deprived hens. During adulthood, an age-related loss of glucose tolerance was observed in the hens, leading to disappearance of treatment differences in the OGTT. The offspring of the albumen-deprived hens (PA chicks) had reduced body weight until at least 3 weeks of age. In addition, the PA chicks had a decreased relative residual yolk weight at hatching. An insulin tolerance test revealed increased sensitivity to insulin for the PA chicks compared with the offspring of the non-manipulated (PN) and sham-manipulated hens (PS). In conclusion, prenatal protein undernutrition by albumen removal caused long-term effects on body weight, reproductive performance, and physiology.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
authors.forename: Els
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koppenol
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Ketelaere
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
authors.forename: Lies
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Franssens
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium Johan.buyse@biw.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buyse
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
authors.forename: Eddy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Decuypere
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Everaert
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000172:deficiency*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D010063:Ovum / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D012098:Reproduction
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose
keywords: chickens; glucose homeostasis; prenatal protein undernutrition; reproduction