title: Undergraduate nursing students' experiences when examining nursing skills in clinical simulation laboratories with high-fidelity patient simulators: A phenomenological research study.
abstract: Simulation has become a widely used and established pedagogy for teaching clinical nursing skills. Nevertheless, the evidence in favour of this pedagogical approach is weak, and more knowledge is needed in support of its use. The aim of this study was (a) to explore the experiences of undergraduate nursing students when examining knowledge, skills and competences in clinical simulation laboratories with high-fidelity patient simulators and (b) to analyse these students' learning experiences during the examination. A phenomenological approach was used, and qualitative interviews were conducted among 23 second-year undergraduate nursing students-17 women and 6 men. The findings revealed that, irrespective of whether they passed or failed the examination, it was experienced as a valuable assessment of the students' knowledge and skills. Even if the students felt that the examination was challenging, they described it as a learning opportunity. In the examination, the students were able to integrate theory with practice, and earlier established knowledge was scrutinised when reflecting on the scenarios. The examination added aspects to the students' learning that prepared them for the real world of nursing in a safe environment without risking patient safety. The study findings suggest that examinations in clinical simulation laboratories can be a useful teaching strategy in nursing education. The use of high-fidelity patient simulators made the examination authentic. The reflections and feedback on the scenario were described as significant for the students' learning. Undergraduate nursing students can improve their knowledge, understanding, competence and skills when such examinations are performed in the manner used in this study.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Sweden; School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens University, Västerås, Sweden. Electronic address: annelie.johansson.sundler@his.se.
authors.forename: Annelie J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sundler
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden.
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pettersson
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berglund
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D000066908:Simulation Training; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Education; Learning; Nursing; Simulation