title: Synchronous microencapsulation of multiple components in silymarin into PLGA nanoparticles by an emulsification/solvent evaporation method.
abstract: The development of polymeric carriers loaded with extracts suffers from the drawback not to be able to incorporate simultaneously various pharmacological compounds into the formulation. The aim of this study was therefore to achieve synchronous microencapsulation of multiple components of silymarin into poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle, the most commonly used polymeric carrier with biodegradability and safety. The main strategy taken was to improve the overall entrapment efficiency and to reduce the escaping ratio of the components of different physicochemical properties. The optimized nanoparticles were spherical in morphology with a mean particle size of 150 ± 5 nm. Under common preparative conditions, silybin and isosilybin were entrapped in high efficiency, whereas taxifolin, silychristin and silydianin, especially taxifolin, showed less entrapment because they were more hydrophilic. By changing the pH of the outer aqueous phase and saturating it with silymarin, the entrapment efficiency of taxifolin, silychristin and silydianin could be significantly improved to over 90%, the level similar to silybin and isosilybin, thereby achieving synchronous encapsulation. It could be concluded that synchronous encapsulation of multiple components of silymarin was achieved by optimizing the preparative variables.
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of PLA and Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Yunchang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of PLA and Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Yueneng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of PLA and Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Xiongwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of PLA and Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Mingzhu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shangguan
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of PLA and Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of PLA and Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of PLA and Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of PLA and Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D045703:Emulsifying Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D012838:Silymarin / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D012997:Solvents / Q000138:chemical synthesis*
chemical_list: D045703:Emulsifying Agents; D012838:Silymarin; D012997:Solvents; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: Microencapsulation; PLGA; nanoparticles; silymarin; synchronous