title: Expanded Porphyrin-Anion Supramolecular Assemblies: Environmentally Responsive Sensors for Organic Solvents and Anions.
abstract: Porphyrins have been used frequently to construct supramolecular assemblies. In contrast, noncovalent ensembles derived from expanded porphyrins, larger congeners of naturally occurring tetrapyrrole macrocycles, are all but unknown. Here we report a series of expanded porphyrin-anion supramolecular assemblies. These systems display unique environmentally responsive behavior. Addition of polar organic solvents or common anions to the ensembles leads to either a visible color change, a change in the fluorescence emission features, or differences in solubility. The actual response, which could be followed easily by the naked eye, was found to depend on the specifics of the assembly, as well as the choice of analyte. Using the ensembles of this study, it proved possible to differentiate between common solvents, such as diethyl ether, THF, ethyl acetate, acetone, alcohol, acetonitrile, DMF, and DMSO, identify complex solvent systems, as well as distinguish between the fluoride, chloride, bromide, nitrate, and sulfate anions.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States.
authors.forename: Zhan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States.
authors.forename: Dong Sub
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States.
authors.forename: Chung-Yon
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States.
authors.forename: Huacheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States.
authors.forename: Aaron D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Lammer
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States.
authors.forename: Vincent M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States.
authors.forename: Ilya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Popov
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States.
authors.forename: Ognjen Š
authors.initials: OŠ
authors.lastname: Miljanić
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States.
authors.forename: Eric V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Anslyn
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States.
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sessler
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000032:analysis*; D003124:Colorimetry; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D005453:Fluorescence; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011166:Porphyrins; D012997:Solvents