title: Validation of daily increments and a marine-entry check in the otoliths of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka post-smolts.
abstract: Juvenile sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka that were reared and smolted in laboratory conditions were found to produce otolith daily increments, as well as a consistently visible marine-entry check formed during their transition to salt water. Field-collected O. nerka post-smolts of an equivalent age also displayed visible checks; however, microchemistry estimates of marine-entry date using Sr:Ca ratios differed from visual estimates by c. 9 days suggesting that microstructural and microchemical processes occur on different time scales.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Freshwater
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada.|Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trudel
authors.affiliation: Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Beacham
authors.affiliation: Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada.
authors.forename: C-E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Neville
authors.affiliation: Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Juanes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D010037:Otolithic Membrane / Q000254:growth & development*; D012474:Salmon / Q000254:growth & development*
keywords: age validation; marine entry; otolith microchemistry; otolith microstructure