title: Multiple oncogenic mutations related to targeted therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An increasing number of targeted drugs have been tested for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations have not been fully evaluated. This study aimed to detect targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations in NPC and to determine which targeted therapy might be potentially effective in treating NPC.
  
  
  METHODS
  By using the SNaPshot assay, a rapid detection method, 19 mutation hotspots in 6 targeted therapy-related oncogenes were examined in 70 NPC patients. The associations between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic factors were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 70 patients, 12 (17.1%) had mutations in 5 oncogenes: 7 (10.0%) had v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KIT) mutation, 2 (2.8%) had epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, 1 (1.4%) had phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutation, 1 (1.4%) had Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutation, and 1 (1.4%) had simultaneous EGFR and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutations. No significant differences were observed between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic characteristics. Additionally, these oncogenic mutations were not associated with tumor recurrence and metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oncogenic mutations are present in NPC patients. The efficacy of targeted drugs on patients with the related oncogenic mutations requires further validation.
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. jakevi-2005@163.com.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. jakevi-2005@163.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. tantao@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. tantao@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. hongshd@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. hongshd@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Shao-Dong
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. 15013148182@163.com.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. 15013148182@163.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. fangwf@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. fangwf@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Wen-Feng
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. zhaoyy@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. zhaoyy@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Yuan-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. yangyp@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. yangyp@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Yun-Peng
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. xuecong@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. xuecong@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. huangyan@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. huangyan@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. zhaohy@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. zhaohy@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Hong-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. mayx@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. mayx@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Yu-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. huzhh@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. huzhh@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Zhi-Huang
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. huangpy@sysucc.org.cn.|Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. huangpy@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Pei-Yu
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. zhangli6@mail.sysu.edu.cn.|Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. zhangli6@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009857:Oncogenes; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
chemical_list: D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf