title: Bilateral idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign rare inflammatory pseudotumor. Bilateral involvement of IGM has been reported in a few cases. To our knowledge, this study is the largest series of bilateral cases to date. The goals of this study were to present clinical features of bilateral IGM and to evaluate the results of treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review of the idiopathic granulomatous mastitis database from 2010 to 2013. Ten female patients who met required histologic and clinical criteria of IGM in both breasts were included in study. Demographic data, clinical findings, medication history, and radiologic findings are presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age at onset of the disease was 38.4 ± 8.3 years (range: 29-52 years). Nine patients had no recurrence during a mean follow-up period of 21 months (range: 11-26 months). Additionally, the median time to second breast involvement was 15.6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral IGMs have a higher rate of more relapse and greater resistance to medical therapies than do unilateral IGMs. Surgical management should be avoided unless all medical treatment options have been exhausted. Nevertheless, expectant management seems a rational option for the treatment of bilateral IGM.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velidedeoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fahrettin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Birgul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mete
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mucahit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yemisen
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Varol
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ertugrul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gazioglu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Resat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ozaras
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Halit
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: fatihdr@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aydogan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D058890:Granulomatous Mastitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: breast cancer; cancer; corticosteroids; granulomatous mastitis; idiopathic; tuberculosis