title: Probing Atmospheric Electric Fields in Thunderstorms through Radio Emission from Cosmic-Ray-Induced Air Showers.
abstract: We present measurements of radio emission from cosmic ray air showers that took place during thunderstorms. The intensity and polarization patterns of these air showers are radically different from those measured during fair-weather conditions. With the use of a simple two-layer model for the atmospheric electric field, these patterns can be well reproduced by state-of-the-art simulation codes. This in turn provides a novel way to study atmospheric electric fields.
authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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authors.lastname: Schellart
authors.affiliation: University of Groningen, KVI Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Trinh
authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: S
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authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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authors.lastname: Enriquez
authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Nikhef, Science Park Amsterdam, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.|Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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authors.lastname: Falcke
authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Nikhef, Science Park Amsterdam, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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authors.lastname: Rossetto
authors.affiliation: University of Groningen, KVI Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands.|Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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authors.lastname: Scholten
authors.affiliation: Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S
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authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
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authors.affiliation: Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI), PO Box 94079, 1090 GB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI), PO Box 94079, 1090 GB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: University of Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029 Hamburg, Germany.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.|SmarterVision BV, Oostersingel 5, 9401 JX Assen, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.|Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: LPC2E, Universíte d'Orleans/CNRS, 45071 Orleans Cedex 2, France.|Station de Radioastronomie de Nancay, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS/INSU, USR 704, Universíte Orleans, OSUC, Route de Souesmes, 18330 Nancay, France.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.|Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.|Anton Pannekoek Institute, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.|Astro Space Center of the Lebedev Physical Institute, Profsoyuznaya Street 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia.
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authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.|SKA South Africa, 3rd Floor, The Park, Park Road, Pinelands 7405, South Africa.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.
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authors.affiliation: ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.
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