title: Knotted stents: Case report and outcome analysis.
abstract: A knotted ureteral stent is an extremely rare condition, with fewer than 20 cases reported in the literature; however, it is difficult to treat. We report a case in which a folded Terumo guidewire was successfully used to remove a knotted stent percutaneously without anesthesia. We also review the current literature on predisposing factors and management strategies for knotted ureteral stents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Su
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Senam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ha Na
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hokyeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014513:Ureter
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Stents; Ureter; Urolithiasis