title: Sex Differences in Experimentally Induced Colitis in Mice: a Role for Estrogens.
abstract: Sex differences have been found in the incidence and progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The reported differences in observational studies are controversial, and the effects of sex hormones on the pathogenesis of IBD are not clear. The aim of this study was to analyze sex differences in the progression of experimentally induced colitis. Experimental colitis was induced in adult mice by adding 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) into drinking water. Male and female mice were used as intact, gonadectomized, and supplemented with either estradiol or testosterone. In comparison to males, female mice with induced colitis had significantly longer colon (p < 0.05), lower decrease in body weight (p < 0.001), and lower stool consistency score (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis showed less inflammatory infiltrates (p < 0.001) and crypt damage (p < 0.001) in female mice. Female mice with colitis had also lower concentration of TNF-α in colon homogenates (p < 0.01). Supplementation with estradiol in ovariectomized mice ameliorated the severity of colitis. Female mice are partially protected against chemically induced colitis. This protection seems to be mediated by estradiol.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia, jana.babickova@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Janka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bábíčková
authors.forename: Ľubomíra
authors.initials: Ľ
authors.lastname: Tóthová
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lengyelová
authors.forename: Anastázie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bartoňová
authors.forename: Július
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hodosy
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gardlík
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Celec
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004958:Estradiol / Q000502:physiology*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D004958:Estradiol