title: Effect of a postoperative outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program on physical activity in patients who underwent pulmonary resection for lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Physical activity (PA) has been associated with an improvement in survival for individuals with cancer. However, little is known about the effect of postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation on PA after lobectomy in patients with lung cancer. The present study investigated the effect of outpatient rehabilitation on PA in patients with cancer after lung resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 19 patients with lung cancer were recruited for this study and completed a preoperative rehabilitation program. One group of nine patients completed a postoperative outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program (rehabilitation) and another group of 10 patients did not (control), but were similarly followed up. Preoperative lung function, assessed by forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ), body mass index (BMI) and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score were not different between groups. PA was measured before and 2 months after surgery using a three-axis accelerometer for 5-6 days. PA level (PAL) was defined as total energy expenditure divided by basal metabolic rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative PAL was not different between groups. However, postoperative versus preoperative PAL was significantly lower in the control versus the rehabilitation group (P < 0.01), and PAL decline was less for the rehabilitation versus the control group (P < 0.001). A subgroup analysis showed improvement in postoperative PAL in rehabilitation patients aged <75 years and older.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two months after lung resection surgery, patients had not recovered to the preoperative PAL. However, compared with the control group, there was an improvement in the postoperative PAL in patients, including older patients, who underwent outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 550-555.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazushige
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Higashimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Noritsugu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirohata
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Center, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Health and Exercise Sciences, Graduate School of Health and Sports Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shuntoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tohda
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: lobectomy; lung cancer; metabolic equivalent; physical activity; postoperative rehabilitation