title: Effects of taurine on contractions of human internal mammary artery: a potassium channel opening action.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Taurine is an abundant amino acid that is widely distributed in human and animal tissues. Pharmacodynamic studies show that taurine has hypotensive and myocardial protective effects. Studies in isolated tissue baths show that taurine relaxes precontracted arteries. This study aimed to show the effects of taurine on human internal mammary artery (IMA) in vitro and to explain the mechanisms of its effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The response in the IMA was recorded isometrically by a force displacement transducer in isolated organ baths. Taurine (20, 40, 80 mM) was added to organ baths after precontraction with KCl (45 mM) or serotonin (5-HT, 30 µM). Taurine-induced relaxations were also tested in the presence of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (10 µM), the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME (100 µM), the large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel inhibitor tetraethylammonium (TEA, 1 mM), the ATP-sensitive K+ channel inhibitor glibenclamide (GLI, 10 µM), the voltage-sensitive K+ channel inhibitor 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 1 mM) and the inward rectifier K+ channel inhibitor barium chloride (BaCl2, 30 µM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Taurine did not affect the resting tone of IMA. However, it produced relaxation in the 5-HT and KCl -precontracted preparations. The relaxation to IMA was not affected by GLI, 4-AP, BaCl2, indomethacin and L-NAME. But, TEA inhibited taurine -induced relaxations significantly (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preincubation of IMA with taurine antagonized KCl and 5-HT induced contractions in a concentration dependent manner, while it did not affect the resting tone. The relaxations to taurine were significantly antagonized by pretreatment with TEA. These results suggest that mechanism of vasodilator effect of taurine in IMA may be the activation of large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. oyildiz@gata.edu.tr.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karabacak
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Ulusoy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seyrek
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurtoglu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doganci
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Demirkilic
mesh_terms: D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000819:agonists* / Q000502:physiology; D013654:Taurine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D015221:Potassium Channels; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D013654:Taurine; D005905:Glyburide