title: Genotypic and Environmental Impact on Natural Variation of Nutrient Composition in 50 Non Genetically Modified Commercial Maize Hybrids in North America.
abstract: This study was designed to assess natural variation in composition and metabolites in 50 genetically diverse non genetically modified maize hybrids grown at six locations in North America. Results showed that levels of compositional components in maize forage were affected by environment more than genotype. Crude protein, all amino acids except lysine, manganese, and β-carotene in maize grain were affected by environment more than genotype; however, most proximates and fibers, all fatty acids, lysine, most minerals, vitamins, and secondary metabolites in maize grain were affected by genotype more than environment. A strong interaction between genotype and environment was seen for some analytes. The results could be used as reference values for future nutrient composition studies of genetically modified crops and to expand conventional compositional data sets. These results may be further used as a genetic basis for improvement of the nutritional value of maize grain by molecular breeding and biotechnology approaches.
authors.affiliation: †DuPont Pioneer, 200 Powder Mill Road, P.O. Box 8352, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.affiliation: †DuPont Pioneer, 200 Powder Mill Road, P.O. Box 8352, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States.
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.affiliation: †DuPont Pioneer, 200 Powder Mill Road, P.O. Box 8352, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States.
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luck
authors.affiliation: ‡Eurofins AgroSciences, Fort Walton Beach, Florida 32547, United States.
authors.forename: Deanne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vespestad
authors.affiliation: §EPL Bio Analytical Services, 9095 West Harristown Boulevard, Niantic, Illinois 62551, United States.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.affiliation: #DuPont Pioneer, 8325 N.W. 62nd Avenue, Johnston, Iowa 50131, United States.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mickelson
authors.affiliation: †DuPont Pioneer, 200 Powder Mill Road, P.O. Box 8352, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States.
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D017753:Ecosystem; D004777:Environment; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D005838:Genotype; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009656:North America; D009753:Nutritive Value; D014815:Vitamins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008903:Minerals; D014815:Vitamins; D019207:beta Carotene
keywords: compositional analysis; hybrid; maize; natural variation; nutrient composition; substantial equivalence