title: Hypoglycemic effects of aqueous persimmon leaf extract in a murine model of diabetes.
abstract: Previously, powdered persimmon leaves have been reported to have glucose- and lipid-lowering effects in diabetic (db/db) mice. As persimmon leaf is commonly consumed as tea, an aqueous extract of persimmon leaves (PLE) was prepared and its anti-diabetic efficacy was investigated. In the present study, PLE was tested for its inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase in vitro. An oral maltose tolerance test was performed in diabetic mice. Next, the acute effect of PLE was examined in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Last, the long-term effect of PLE supplementation was assessed in db/db after eight weeks. An oral glucose tolerance test, biochemical parameters, as well as histological analyses of liver and pancreas were evaluated at the end of the study. PLE inhibited α-glucosidase activity and increased antioxidant capacity. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice pre-treated with PLE displayed hypoglycemic activity. Daily oral supplementation with PLE for eight weeks reduced body weight gain without affecting food intake, enhanced the glucose tolerance during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), improved blood lipid parameters, suppressed fat accumulation in the liver and maintained islet structure in db/db mice. Further mechanistic study showed that PLE protected pancreatic islets from glucotoxicity. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that PLE exhibits considerable anti-diabetic effects through α-glucosidase inhibition and through the maintenance of functional β-cells. These results provided a rationale for the use of persimmon leaf tea for the maintenance of normal blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Deokjin‑gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561‑756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ui-Jin
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Deokjin‑gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561‑712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Deokjin‑gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561‑712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Deokjin‑gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561‑756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Deokjin‑gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561‑712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Wan
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D029788:Diospyros / Q000737:chemistry*; D004435:Eating; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000819:agonists / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010851:Picrates / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D013311:Streptozocin; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013311:Streptozocin; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases