title: Brain structural changes in schizoaffective disorder compared to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Brain structural changes in schizoaffective disorder, and how far they resemble those seen in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, have only been studied to a limited extent.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients meeting DSM-IV and RDC criteria for schizoaffective disorder, groups of patients with 45 matched schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and 45 matched healthy controls were examined using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses comparing each patient group with the healthy control subjects found that the patients with schizoaffective disorder and the patients with schizophrenia showed widespread and overlapping areas of significant volume reduction, but the patients with bipolar disorder did not. A subsequent analysis compared the combined group of patients with the controls followed by extraction of clusters. In regions where the patients differed significantly from the controls, no significant differences in mean volume between patients with schizoaffective disorder and patients with schizophrenia in any of five regions of volume reduction were found, but mean volumes in the patients with bipolar disorder were significantly smaller in three of five.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings provide evidence that, in terms of structural gray matter brain abnormality, schizoaffective disorder resembles schizophrenia more than bipolar disorder.
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Amann
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Canales-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Doctorat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Clínica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madre
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Radua
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Monte
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alonso-Lana
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landin-Romero
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno-Alcázar
authors.affiliation: Hospital Benito Menni CASM, Sant Boi, Spain.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bonnin
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarró
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|Hospital General de Granollers, Granollers, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Gil
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gomar
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|Hospital Benito Menni CASM, Sant Boi, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.affiliation: Hospital Benito Menni CASM, Sant Boi, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Corcuera
authors.affiliation: Bipolar Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Goikolea
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Deú, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blanch
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.affiliation: CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.|Bipolar Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vieta
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.affiliation: FIDMAG Research Foundation Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pomarol-Clotet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000473:pathology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: bipolar disorder; neuroimaging; schizo-phrenia; schizoaffective disorder; voxel-based morphometry