title: A rhenium tris-carbonyl derivative as a model molecule for incorporation into phospholipid assemblies for skin applications.
abstract: A rhenium tris-carbonyl derivative (fac-[Re(CO)3Cl(2-(1-dodecyl-1H-1,2,3,triazol-4-yl)-pyridine)]) was incorporated into phospholipid assemblies, called bicosomes, and the penetration of this molecule into skin was monitored using Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIR). To evaluate the capacity of bicosomes to promote the penetration of this derivative, the skin penetration of the Re(CO)3 derivative dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a typical enhancer, was also studied. Dynamic light scattering results (DLS) showed an increase in the size of the bicosomes with the incorporation of the Re(CO)3 derivative, and the FTIR microspectroscopy showed that the Re(CO)3 derivative incorporated in bicosomes penetrated deeper into the skin than when dissolved in DMSO. When this molecule was applied on the skin using the bicosomes, 60% of the Re(CO)3 derivative was retained in the stratum corneum (SC) and 40% reached the epidermis (Epi). Otherwise, the application of this molecule via DMSO resulted in 95% of the Re(CO)3 derivative being in the SC and only 5% reaching the Epi. Using a Re(CO)3 derivative with a dodecyl-chain as a model molecule, it was possible to determine the distribution of molecules with similar physicochemical characteristics in the skin using bicosomes. This fact makes these nanostructures promising vehicles for the application of lipophilic molecules inside the skin.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: efptqt@cid.csic.es.
authors.forename: Estibalitz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Bicosome S.L., Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gelen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hostachy
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clède
authors.affiliation: Bicosome S.L., Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cócera
authors.affiliation: Synchrotron SOLEIL, SMIS Beamline, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sandt
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Maza
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Clotilde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Policar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: López
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D012211:Rhenium / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010743:Phospholipids; D012211:Rhenium; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide
keywords: Bicosomes; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy; Rhenium tris-carbonyl complexes; Skin; Synchrotron radiation