title: The effects of preoperative oral pregabalin and perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion on postoperative morphine requirement in patients undergoing laparatomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare the effects of preoperative oral pregabalin and perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion on postoperative morphine requirement, adverse effects, patients' satisfaction, mobilization, time to first defecation and time to discharge in patients undergoing laparotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty patients (18 to 65 years of age) undergoing elective laparotomy were randomly divided into four groups (n=20 in each group): group C, placebo capsules and normal saline infusion perioperatively (control); group L, placebo capsules and lidocaine 1 mg⁄kg intravenous bolus dose followed by 2 mg⁄kg⁄h infusion until skin closure; group P, 150 mg oral pregabalin and normal saline infusion perioperatively; and group PL, 150&nbsp;mg oral pregabalin and lidocaine 2 mg⁄kg⁄h infusion until skin closure. Hemodynamic parameters, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, analgesic consumption, side effects, time to mobilization, time to first defecation, time to discharge and patients' satisfaction were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VAS scores of group L, group P and group PL were lower than group C (P<0.05). Morphine consumption of group P and group PL was lower than group C (P<0.05). Incidence of nausea in group C was higher than group L and group PL. Time to first defecation and mobilization were shorter in group L and group PL compared with group C (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative oral pregabalin and perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion decreased postoperative VAS scores. Preoperative oral pregabalin decreased morphine requirement and perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion hastened gastrointestinal motility and mobilization, and decreased the incidence of nausea in patients undergoing laparotomy. Therefore, preoperative pregabalin with or without lidocaine provides superior pain relief in patients undergoing laparatomy.
authors.forename: Seniyye Ulgen
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Zengin
authors.forename: Ayten
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saracoglu
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Eti
authors.forename: Tumay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umuroglu
authors.forename: Fevzi Yilmaz
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Gogus
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000601:surgery; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000069583:Pregabalin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D000069583:Pregabalin; D009020:Morphine; D008012:Lidocaine