title: Injections for chronic pain.
abstract: Although interventional procedures should be used cautiously in the setting of chronic pain, there is a role for a variety of injections to facilitate a patient's overall rehabilitation program. There are many resources available, including a prior issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, which discuss the more conventional spinal injections. The focus of this article is on lesser-known injection options for treating chronic pain. The authors separately discuss trigger point injections, regenerative injections (prolotherapy), and injections using botulin toxins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seattle Spine & Sports Medicine, University of Washington, 3213 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite A, Seattle, WA 98102, USA. Electronic address: vsingh@seattlespine.com.
authors.forename: Virtaj
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Pain and Headache Center, 5431 Mayflower Lane, Suite 4, Wasilla, AK 99654, USA.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trescot
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, 1660 South Columbian Way, S-112-Anes, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
authors.forename: Isuta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nishio
mesh_terms: D015360:Analgesia, Epidural; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement; D061028:Trigger Points; D021801:Zygapophyseal Joint
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins
keywords: Botulinum toxins; Chronic pain; Regenerative injections; Trigger point injections