title: The feasibility and acceptability of reducing salt in partially baked bread: a Spanish case study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bread is a staple of the Mediterranean diet but contributes substantially to its salt content (19 % in Spain). The objective of the present study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of salt reduction in partially baked breads, partly replacing salt (NaCl) with a potassium salt, with subsequent follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 2013, nine breads already on the market (1·8 % NaCl flour basis) had 0·5 % of NaCl replaced with potassium citrate (27·7 % reduction in sodium) and were commercialized in Spain. Later, breads were baked in bake-off stores and sold ready-to-eat to consumers. This market test was evaluated by comparing the sales between standard- v. reduced-salt breads and the complaints related to flavour attributes. The wholesalers involved in the market test were then surveyed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The market test confirmed good acceptance of the reduced-salt breads, as 2013 sales were 3678 tonnes v. 2012 sales of 3577 tonnes for the same standard breads. No complaints were received. The wholesaler survey showed, in general, little awareness of salt reduction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is feasible that potassium citrate can reduce the salt content of bread without negatively affecting sales or complaints. This shows potential for introducing this type of bread on a larger scale.
authors.affiliation: 1Faculty of Health Sciences Blanquerna,Universitat Ramon Llull,Padilla 326,08025-Barcelona,Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quilez
authors.affiliation: 2CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN),Instituto de Salud Carlos III,Madrid,Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salas-Salvado
mesh_terms: D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis*; D003296:Cooking; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D019357:Potassium Citrate / Q000032:analysis; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000032:analysis*; D013030:Spain; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D019357:Potassium Citrate
keywords: Bread; Potassium; Sodium