title: [Cyclic diadenosine monophosphate--a new second messenger in bacteria--a review].
abstract: Cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP), a new second messenger found recently in bacteria, regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology, including cell growth, cell wall homeostasis and virulence. In addition to its functions in bacterial physiology, c-di-AMP represents a putative bacterial secondary signaling molecule sensed by eukaryotic host cells and triggers innate immunity. The level of c-di-AMP in bacteria is regulated by the activities of diadenylate cyclase (DAC) and phosphodiesterases (PDE) , the former harbors a DisA_N domain, and the latter a DHH or DHH/DHHA1 domain. This review gives an overview on metabolic pathway, regulatory mechanism, receptor proteins and biological function of c-di-AMP in bacteria, as well as its application and trends of development.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Jianhe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015290:Second Messenger Systems
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate