title: Options for management of intra ocular tumors.
abstract: The management of intra ocular tumors has undergone a sea change from the era of enucleation or external beam radiation. With the advent of new chemotherapy protocols, globe and vision salvage have become possible in a majority of cases of retinoblastoma. This article is an overview of the various modalities available for the management of intra ocular tumors and their indications. Chemotherapy has been covered elsewhere in this series of articles on ocular oncology. Photocoagulation and cryopexy are easily administered modalities of treatment for small tumors and totally within the ophthalmologist's domain. Slightly larger tumors are treatable with brachytherapy. The susceptibility of the tumors to chemotherapy and radiation decide the choice of treatment and the dosage. Management of intra ocular tumors very often needs a multidisciplinary approach including ophthalmologist, oncologist, radiation physicist, and radiotherapist.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, National University Hospital, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical and Vision Research Foundations, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, .
authors.forename: Gopal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lingam
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019468:Disease Management; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans