title: Microbiological investigations of oxygen plasma treated parylene C surfaces for metal implant coating.
abstract: Parylene C surface was modified by the use of oxygen plasma treatment and characterized by microscopic and surface-sensitive techniques (E-SEM, AFM, XPS, LDI-TOF-MS, contact angle). The influence of the treatment on surface properties was investigated by calculations of surface free energy (Owens-Wendt method). Moreover, early adhesion (Culture Plate Method, Optical Microscopy Test) and biofilm formation ability (Cristal Violet Assay) on the parylene C surface was investigated. The bacteria strains which are common causative agents of medical device-associated infections (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa--reference strains and clinical isolates) were used. It was concluded that chemical (oxygen insertion) and physical (nanotopography generation) changes, have a significant impact on the biocompatibility in terms of increased hydrophilicity (θ w of unmodified sample = 88° ± 2°, θ w of 60 min modified sample = 17.6° ± 0.8°) and surface free energy (SFE of unmodified sample = 42.4 mJ/m(2), and for 60 min modified sample = 70.1 mJ/m(2)). At the same time, no statistical effect on biofilm production and bacteria attachment to the modified surface of any of the tested strains was observed.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: golda@chemia.uj.edu.pl.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golda-Cepa
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, Microbial Ecology and Parasitology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta18, 31-121 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brzychczy-Wloch
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Engvall
authors.affiliation: Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aminlashgari
authors.affiliation: Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hakkarainen
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: kotarba@chemia.uj.edu.pl.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotarba
mesh_terms: D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects; D017155:Wettability; D014992:Xylenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D014992:Xylenes; C011055:parylene
keywords: Implant coating; Microbiological evaluation; Oxygen plasma; Parylene C