title: Contemporary management of Bell palsy.
abstract: Bell palsy (BP) is the most common diagnosis in acute and chronic facial palsy. Although most patients fully recover, more than one-quarter will have residual dysfunction. Of these, nearly half will demonstrate severe limitations in facial expression. Though significant attention has been paid to acute management and prognosis, a paucity of literature exists addressing management of the long-term sequelae of BP. This article describes contemporary use of physical therapy, injectables, and static and dynamic surgical procedures in facial reanimation of acute and chronic BP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Nate
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jowett
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Tessa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Hadlock
mesh_terms: D020330:Bell Palsy / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012904:Smiling; D046608:Synkinesis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013710:Tendons / Q000637:transplantation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins