title: The first report of human-derived G10 genotype of Echinococcus canadensis in China and possible sources and routes of transmission.
abstract: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most important parasitic zoonoses. 10 distinct genotypes, designated G1-G10 genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), have been split into 4 species: Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (G1-G3), Echinococcus equinus (G4), Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) and Echinococcus canadensis (G6-G10); Echinococcus felidis has also been suggested as a sister taxon of E. granulosus s.s. recently. Four genotypes belonging to two species (G1 and G3 genotypes of E. granulosus s.s., and G6 and G7 genotypes of E. canadensis) have been identified in humans and animals in China. In the present study, a human-derived hydatid cyst from a patient in northeastern China's Heilongjiang Province was identified as G10 genotype of E. canadensis based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1), cytochrome b (cytb) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) genes. Homology analysis showed the cox1 gene sequence of G10 genotype of E. canadensis had 100% homology with those from wolves in Mongolia and from a moose in Russia. The cytb and nad1 gene sequences of G10 genotype of E. canadensis had 100% homology with the complete sequence from a moose in Finland at an amino acid level. The infection source of the CE patient here might be primarily attributable to wolves. This is the first report of G10 genotype of E. canadensis in a human in China. The finding of G10 genotype of E. canadensis in China shows that this genotype possibly has a more wide geographical distribution than previously considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
authors.forename: Tiemin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
authors.forename: Zhaolin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China. Electronic address: zhangweizhe526@163.com.
authors.forename: Weizhe
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China. Electronic address: liuaiqin1128@126.com.
authors.forename: Aiqin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D004446:Echinococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D045303:Cytochromes b; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase
keywords: Cystic echinococcosis; Echinococcus canadensis; G10 genotype; cox1 gene; cytb gene; nad1 gene