title: Dimensionality of the 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale revisited: A Bayesian structural equation modeling approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to reexamine the dimensionality of the widely used 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale using the maximum likelihood (ML) approach and Bayesian structural equation modeling (BSEM) approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three measurement models (1-factor, 3-factor, and bi-factor models) were evaluated in two split samples of 1,112 health-care workers using confirmatory factor analysis and BSEM, which specified small-variance informative priors for cross-loadings and residual covariances. Model fit and comparisons were evaluated by posterior predictive p-value (PPP), deviance information criterion, and Bayesian information criterion (BIC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the three ML-based models showed an adequate fit to the data. The use of informative priors for cross-loadings did not improve the PPP for the models. The 1-factor BSEM model with approximately zero residual covariances displayed a good fit (PPP>0.10) to both samples and a substantially lower BIC than its 3-factor and bi-factor counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BSEM results demonstrate empirical support for the 1-factor model as a parsimonious and reasonable representation of work engagement.
authors.affiliation: Centre on Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Ted C T
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: Rainbow T H
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*