title: The Canadian Systemic Sclerosis Oral Health Study IV: oral radiographic manifestations in systemic sclerosis compared with the general population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare oral radiologic abnormalities associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc) against abnormalities in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with SSc and healthy controls were enrolled in a multi-site cross-sectional study. Included in the radiology examination were a panoramic radiograph, four bitewings, and an anterior mandibular periapical radiograph. Radiographs were evaluated by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists tested for interobserver and intraobserver reliability. Chi-squared tests, Fisher exact tests, and Mann Whitney U tests were used to summarize the radiologic manifestations of patients and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We assessed 163 SSc patients and 231 controls. Widening of the periodontal ligament space (PLS) (P < .001), with higher percentage of teeth with PLS widening (P < .001), was significantly more frequent in patients with SSc than in controls. The most significant differences between the two groups were found in the molars and premolars (P < .001). Moreover, 26% of the patients with SSc had a periapical PLS greater than 0.19 mm compared with 13% of the controls (P = .003). Patients with SSc had significantly more erosions compared with controls (14.5% vs. 3.6%; P < .001), mostly in the condyles (P = .022), coronoid processes (P = .005) and other locations (P = .012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with SSc had more teeth with PLS widening and erosions of the mandible compared with controls.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dagenais
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, University of British Columbia, Room 380, J.B. Macdonald Building, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine, A-725, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2; Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, MUHC-MGH, Room A6.123, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Murray
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine, A-725, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2; Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, MUHC-MGH, Room A6.123, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2.
authors.forename: Solène
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tatibouet
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Burnside Hall, Room 1005, 805 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B9.
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine, A-725, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gravel
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine, A-024, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2.
authors.forename: Shrisha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohit
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Dental Sciences Building, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1.
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: El Sayegh
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, Room 3700, Clinical Skills Building, London, Ontario N6A 5C1.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pope
authors.affiliation: Dentistry, Clinique Dentaire Ayotte et associées, 91 Rue Peel, bureau 300, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 4J9.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fontaine
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12e avenue Nord Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4.
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masseto
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dentistry Building, Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2.
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 1459 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.affiliation: Division of Oro-facial Pain, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th Floor, 11405-87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1 C9.
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thie
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th Floor, 11405 - 87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9.
authors.forename: Niall
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 174 Dental Clinic Building, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E4.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Copete
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 174 Dental Clinic Building, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E4.
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kolbinson
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 5 D40 Health Sciences Building, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Markland
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, D 212, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6.
authors.forename: Getulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nogueira-Filho
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 260 Brodie Centre, 727 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P5.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1; Department of Dentistry, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine, A-024, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2. Electronic address: mgornits@jgh.mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Mervyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gornitsky
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011788:Quality of Life; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology