title: Cooling rate effects on thermal, structural, and microstructural properties of bio-hydroxyapatite obtained from bovine bone.
abstract: This article is focused on the study of cooling rate effects on the thermal, structural, and microstructural properties of hydroxyapatite (HAp) obtained from bovine bone. A three-step process was used to obtain BIO-HAp: hydrothermal, calcinations, and cooling. Calcined samples in a furnace and cooling in air (HAp-CAir), water (HAp-CW), and liquid nitrogen (HAp-CN2), as well as an air cooled sample inside the furnace (HAp-CFAir), were studied. According to this study, the low cooling rate that was achieved for air cooled samples inside the furnace produce single crystal BIO-HAp with better crystalline quality; other samples exhibited polycrystalline structures forming micron and submicron grains.
authors.affiliation: Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Qro., México.
authors.forename: Cristian F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Gutierrez
authors.affiliation: Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Qro., México.
authors.forename: Anderzon F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Palechor-Ocampo
authors.affiliation: Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Qro., México.
authors.forename: Sandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Londoño-Restrepo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nanotecnología, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro., México.
authors.forename: Beatriz M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Millán-Malo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nanotecnología, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro., México.
authors.forename: Mario E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-García
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D003080:Cold Temperature; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature
chemical_list: D017886:Durapatite
keywords: bio-hydroxyapatite; cooling rate; hydroxyapatite; structural properties of bone