title: Integrating remediation and resource recovery: On the economic conditions of landfill mining.
abstract: This article analyzes the economic potential of integrating material separation and resource recovery into a landfill remediation project, and discusses the result and the largest impact factors. The analysis is done using a direct costs/revenues approach and the stochastic uncertainties are handled using Monte Carlo simulation. Two remediation scenarios are applied to a hypothetical landfill. One scenario includes only remediation, while the second scenario adds resource recovery to the remediation project. Moreover, the second scenario is divided into two cases, case A and B. In case A, the landfill tax needs to be paid for re-deposited material and the landfill holder does not own a combined heat and power plant (CHP), which leads to disposal costs in the form of gate fees. In case B, the landfill tax is waived on the re-deposited material and the landfill holder owns its own CHP. Results show that the remediation project in the first scenario costs about €23/ton. Adding resource recovery as in case A worsens the result to -€36/ton, while for case B the result improves to -€14/ton. This shows the importance of landfill tax and the access to a CHP. Other important factors for the result are the material composition in the landfill, the efficiency of the separation technology used, and the price of the saleable material.
authors.affiliation: Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: per.frandegard@liu.se.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Frändegård
authors.affiliation: Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Joakim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krook
authors.affiliation: Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Niclas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Svensson
mesh_terms: D008906:Mining / Q000191:economics*; D059027:Recycling / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000191:economics; D013548:Sweden; D013660:Taxes / Q000191:economics*; D064091:Waste Disposal Facilities; D018505:Waste Management / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Economic potential; Landfill mining; Monte Carlo analysis; Remediation; Resource recovery