title: Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx palliates insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative rout in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract was evaluated in high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats. Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative rout were induced in rats using high-fructose diet. High-fructose diet-fed rats were administered 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) body weight of H. sabdariffa extract for 3 weeks, starting from week 7 of high-fructose diet treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High-fructose diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased the serum levels of blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLc), with a concomitant reduction in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc). These alterations were significantly ameliorated by the extract. High-fructose diet-mediated decreases in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-red) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glc 6-PD) were significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated. Altered levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) were significantly (P < 0.05) restored to normal. High-fructose diet-mediated increases in the concentrations of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, protein carbonyl and percentage fragmented DNA were significantly (P < 0.05) lowered by the Hibiscus extract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, aqueous extract of H. sabdariffa palliates insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative rout in high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats.
authors.affiliation: Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Taofeek O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Ajiboye
authors.affiliation: Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Hikmat O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Raji
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Abdulwasiu O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Adeleye
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Nurudeen S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Adigun
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Oluwayemisi B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Giwa
authors.affiliation: Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Oluwayemisi B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Ojewuyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adenike T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Oladiji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D031584:Hibiscus / Q000737:chemistry*; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005632:Fructose
keywords: Hibiscus sabdariffa; dyslipidemia; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; oxidative stress