title: Safety profile and feasibility of early physical therapy and mobility for critically ill patients in the medical intensive care unit: Beginning experiences in Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate risk factors for potential safety events during mobility physical therapy sessions in the medical intensive care unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  The safety profiles and potential risk factors of 99 patients who were admitted to the medical intensive care unit of a single teaching hospital in Korea between May 1 and December 31, 2013, were retrospectively evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 26 potential safety events (5.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4%-7.3%) during 520 mobilization sessions were observed in 17 (17.2%; 95% CI, 10.6%-26.4%) of 99 patients. The common potential safety events were as follows in order of frequency: 11 events of tachypnea or bradypnea (2.1%; 95% CI, 1.1%-3.9%), 6 events of desaturation (1.2 %; 95% CI, 0.5%-2.6%), 4 events of tachypnea or bradycardia (0.8%; 95% CI, 0.3%-2.1%), 4 events of patients' intolerance (0.8%; 95% CI, 0.3%-2.1%), and 1 event of tracheostomy tube removal (0.2%; 95% CI, 0%-1.2%). In multivariate analysis, the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was associated with potential adverse events with an adjusted odds ratio of 5.8 (95% CI, 2.2-15.6), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early mobility physical therapy performed by a newly established group was feasible for critically ill patients in Korea. However, potential safety events need to be monitored carefully for patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gee Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chi-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeongman
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ccrzzang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chi Ryang
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000209:etiology*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D061345:Early Medical Intervention; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061214:Patient Safety; D010808:Physical Examination; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000009:adverse effects*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000209:etiology*; D059246:Tachypnea / Q000209:etiology*; D014139:Tracheostomy
keywords: Exercise therapy; Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; Intensive care unit; Patient safety; Physical therapy modalities