title: Unambiguous demonstration of soliton evolution in slow-light silicon photonic crystal waveguides with SFG-XFROG.
abstract: We demonstrate the temporal and spectral evolution of picosecond soliton in the slow light silicon photonic crystal waveguides (PhCWs) by sum frequency generation cross-correlation frequency resolved optical grating (SFG-XFROG) and nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) modeling. The reference pulses for the SFG-XFROG measurements are unambiguously pre-characterized by the second harmonic generation frequency resolved optical gating (SHG-FROG) assisted with the combination of NLSE simulations and optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) measurements. Regardless of the inevitable nonlinear two photon absorption, high order soliton compressions have been observed remarkably owing to the slow light enhanced nonlinear effects in the silicon PhCWs. Both the measurements and the further numerical analyses of the pulse dynamics indicate that, the free carrier dispersion (FCD) enhanced by the slow light effects is mainly responsible for the compression, the acceleration, and the spectral blue shift of the soliton.
authors.forename: Xiujian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiali
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marko
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Ju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaochun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chee Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wong