title: Assessment of the accuracy and precision of the i-Smart 30 VET Electrolyte Analyzer in dogs, cats, cattle and pigs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Performance evaluation of point-of-care (POC) electrolyte analyzers is essential for determining their precision and accuracy in clinical practice.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to validate the i-Smart 30 VET Electrolyte Analyzer for canine, feline, bovine, and porcine samples in comparison with the ion-selective electrolyte analyzer Roche 9180 electrolyte analyzer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 400 heparinized whole blood samples were collected and analyzed by both instruments for sodium, potassium, and chloride concentrations. Within-run, between-day, and total imprecision were evaluated. Statistical analyses included tests for correlation, regression, bias, and total error.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The coefficients of variation (CV) of both within-run and between-day imprecisions in the i-Smart 30 VET ranged from 0.4-1.6%. In addition, total CV (0.3-1.7%) and total error (0.7-3.7%) of the i-Smart 30 VET were acceptable according to the ASVCP guidelines (< 5%). The correlation between the i-Smart 30 VET and the Roche 9180 was excellent (r > .98). There was no proportional error according to the regression (slope ranges 0.92-1.00, 95% CI includes 1.00), but a constant error was detected for sodium concentration in dogs (interval = 0.5), cattle (interval = 3.0), and pigs (interval = 4.0), and for chloride concentration in cats (interval = 1.0). Most of the bias was within 95% CI, and the total error range (0.8-3.5%) was acceptable according to ASVCP guidelines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The i-Smart 30 VET Electrolyte Analyzer provides precise and accurate measurements of sodium, potassium, and chloride concentrations in whole blood samples from dogs, cats, cattle, and pigs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Han-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Gyeonggi Large Animal Clinic, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Seo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Jangsu Stud Farm, Korea Racing Authority, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon-Goo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kyung
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Do
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*; D002415:Cats / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D004573:Electrolytes; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Chloride; method comparison; point-of-care; potassium; precision; sodium