title: Integrated environmental mapping and monitoring, a methodological approach to optimise knowledge gathering and sampling strategy.
abstract: New technology has led to new opportunities for a holistic environmental monitoring approach adjusted to purpose and object of interest. The proposed integrated environmental mapping and monitoring (IEMM) concept, presented in this paper, describes the different steps in such a system from mission of survey to selection of parameters, sensors, sensor platforms, data collection, data storage, analysis and to data interpretation for reliable decision making. The system is generic; it can be used by authorities, industry and academia and is useful for planning- and operational phases. In the planning process the systematic approach is also ideal to identify areas with gap of knowledge. The critical stages of the concept is discussed and exemplified by two case studies, one environmental mapping and one monitoring case. As an operational system, the IEMM concept can contribute to an optimised integrated environmental mapping and monitoring for knowledge generation as basis for decision making.
authors.affiliation: Statoil ASA, Research, Development and Innovation, N-7005 Trondheim, Norway; Trondhjem Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: innil@statoil.com.
authors.forename: Ingunn
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nilssen
authors.affiliation: Department of Archaeology and Cultural History, University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems (AMOS), Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Øyvind
authors.initials: Ø
authors.lastname: Ødegård
authors.affiliation: Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems (AMOS), Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Asgeir J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.affiliation: Trondhjem Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems (AMOS), Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway; University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), P.O. Box 156, N-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway.
authors.forename: Geir
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johnsen
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moline
authors.affiliation: BFE Faculty, Institute for Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), P.O. Box 156, N-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway.
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berge
mesh_terms: D003657:Decision Making; D004777:Environment; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D062305:Geographic Mapping; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry
keywords: Adaptive sampling; Decision making; Integrated environmental mapping and monitoring; Multidisciplinary approach; Sensor platform