title: Protective effects of gallic acid against spinal cord injury-induced oxidative stress.
abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the role of gallic acid in oxidative stress induced during spinal cord injury (SCI). In order to measure oxidative stress, the levels of lipid peroxide, protein carbonyl, reactive oxygen species and nitrates/nitrites were determined. In addition, the antioxidant status during SCI injury and the protective role of gallic acid were investigated by determining glutathione levels as well as the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase. Adenosine triphophatase (ATPase) enzyme activities were determined to evaluate the role of gallic acid in SCI-induced deregulation of the activity of enzymes involved in ion homeostasis. The levels of inflammatory markers such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB and cycloxygenase (COX)-2 were determined by western blot analysis. Treatment with gallic acid was observed to significantly mitigate SCI-induced oxidative stress and the inflammatory response by reducing the oxidative stress, decreasing the expression of NF-κB and COX-2 as well as increasing the antioxidant status of cells. In addition, gallic acid modulated the activity of ATPase enzymes. Thus the present study indicated that gallic acid may have a role as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent against SCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The 117th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The 117th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The 117th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The 117th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D005707:Gallic Acid; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C489691:Ptgs2 protein, rat; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D005978:Glutathione