title: The fishery performance indicators: a management tool for triple bottom line outcomes.
abstract: Pursuit of the triple bottom line of economic, community and ecological sustainability has increased the complexity of fishery management; fisheries assessments require new types of data and analysis to guide science-based policy in addition to traditional biological information and modeling. We introduce the Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs), a broadly applicable and flexible tool for assessing performance in individual fisheries, and for establishing cross-sectional links between enabling conditions, management strategies and triple bottom line outcomes. Conceptually separating measures of performance, the FPIs use 68 individual outcome metrics--coded on a 1 to 5 scale based on expert assessment to facilitate application to data poor fisheries and sectors--that can be partitioned into sector-based or triple-bottom-line sustainability-based interpretative indicators. Variation among outcomes is explained with 54 similarly structured metrics of inputs, management approaches and enabling conditions. Using 61 initial fishery case studies drawn from industrial and developing countries around the world, we demonstrate the inferential importance of tracking economic and community outcomes, in addition to resource status.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Global Food Systems, University of Florida, PO Box 110240, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America.
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98105, United States of America.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jingjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics, University of Washington, Box 353330, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meredith
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Economics, University of Stavanger, Stavanger 4036, Norway.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Asche
authors.affiliation: Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Marine Resource Economics, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365, United States of America.
authors.forename: Gil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sylvia
authors.affiliation: Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America.
authors.forename: Martin D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Fisheries Partnership, JL. Palem Putri IX/NO. 1, Taman Yasmin V, Bogor 16112, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Dessy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Anggraeni
authors.affiliation: MRAG Ltd., 18 Queen Street, London W1J 5PN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics and Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas 1432, Norway.
authors.forename: Atle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guttormsen
authors.affiliation: School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98105, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jessica K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: McCluney
authors.affiliation: South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI)-Aquatic Sciences, PO Box 120, Henley Beach, SA 5022, Australia.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: United Nations University-World Institute for Development Economics Research, C/O Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER), University of Ghana, P.O BOX LG 74, Legon, Ghana.
authors.forename: Wisdom
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Akpalu
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eggert
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Fisheries Partnership, Block1, #5 El Rio Vista Phase 5, 8000 Davao City, Philippines.
authors.forename: Jimely
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Economics, PO Box 5187, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States of America.
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.affiliation: Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Centre, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd, Seattle, WA 98112, United States of America.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, Alaska 99508, United States of America.
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Knapp
authors.affiliation: Environment and Natural Resource Management, The World Bank, 1818 H St. NW, Washington, DC 20433, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mimako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Florida, PO Box 110240, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Larkin
authors.affiliation: South Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 4055 Faber Place Dr., Suite 201, North Charleston, SC 29405, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: MacLauchlin
authors.affiliation: School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schnier
authors.affiliation: Marine Economic Development, Level 1 83-85 Victoria Rd, Devonport 0624, Aukland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soboil
authors.affiliation: University of Stavanger, Stavanger 4036, Norway.
authors.forename: Sigbjorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tveteras
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental & Natural Resource Economics, University of Rhode Island, 205 Kingston Coastal Institute, One Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States of America.
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Florida, PO Box 110240, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valderrama
mesh_terms: D005398:Fisheries / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D017749:Total Quality Management