title: Evaluation of the interaction between naringenin and human serum albumin: Insights from fluorescence spectroscopy, electrochemical measurement and molecular docking.
abstract: Naringenin (Nar) is a flavanone compound found in grapefruits that is endowed with diverse pharmacological and biological activities. Here, the interaction between Nar and human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated via various methods, including fluorescence spectroscopy, electrochemical methods and molecular docking. The Stern-Volmer quenching constants inversely correlated with temperature, demonstrating that the fluorescence quenching about HSA-Nar system is initiated by the formation of a compound, which has confirmed by electrochemical measurements. Three-dimensional fluorescence demonstrated that Nar induces the slight unfolding of the polypeptides of HSA. The calculated thermodynamic parameters suggesting that the binding of Nar to HSA is spontaneous, and the mainly force is electrostatic interactions. In addition, site marker competitive experiments indicated that Nar binds to HSA both on site I (subdomain IIA) and site II (subdomain IIIA), with higher affinity to the latter one, consistence with molecular docking. Furthermore, the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiment showed the binding distance (r) is 2.65 nm. And the effects of metal ions on the HSA-Nar system are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China.
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China. Electronic address: y.ouyang@163.com.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China. Electronic address: yjhu@263.net.
authors.forename: Yan-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D058266:Dielectric Spectroscopy; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D044950:Flavanones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D007700:Kinetics; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D011485:Protein Binding; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013696:Temperature; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D044950:Flavanones; D007477:Ions; D012709:Serum Albumin; D006046:Gold; C005273:naringenin
keywords: Electrochemical measurements; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Human serum albumin; Molecular docking; Naringenin