title: The interrelation between intestinal parasites and latent TB infections among newly resettled refugees in Texas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous research has documented that parasite infection may increase vulnerability to TB among certain at risk populations. The purpose of this study was to identify whether an association exists between latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and intestinal parasite infection among newly resettled refugees in Texas while controlling for additional effects of region of origin, age and sex.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for all refugees screened for both TB and intestinal parasites between January 2010 and mid-October 2013 were obtained from the Texas Refugee Health Screening Program and were analyzed using logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 9860 refugees were included. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, pathogenic and non-pathogenic intestinal parasite infections yielded statistically significant reduced odds of LTBI. However, when individual parasite species were analyzed, hookworm infection indicated statistically significant increased odds of LTBI (OR 1.674, CI: 1.126-2.488).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A positive association exists between hookworm infection and LTBI in newly arrived refugees to Texas. More research is needed to assess the nature and extent of these associations.
authors.affiliation: University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Department of Public Health Education, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA amy.board@live.unthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Amy R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Board
authors.affiliation: University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
authors.forename: Sumihiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003141:Communicable Diseases; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012036:Refugees / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Hookworm; Intestinal parasites; Latent tuberculosis; Refugees; Texas; USA