title: New clinical guidelines for selective direct injection therapy of the parathyroid glands in chronic dialysis patients.
abstract: In 2000, the Japanese Society for Parathyroid Intervention issued the 'Guidelines for percutaneous ethanol injection therapy of the parathyroid glands in chronic dialysis patients'. Since then, the concept of 'selective PEIT' has been well accepted and the number of patients treated by this method in Japan has increased. Recently, it has been reported that the effect of PEIT differs depending on the degree of nodular hyperplasia. Several new drugs have become available since 2000, and active vitamin D and its analogue have also been used for direct injection into the parathyroids. We present the new 'Guidelines for selective direct injection therapy of the parathyroid glands in chronic dialysis patients', a revised version of the 2000 Guidelines. We believe that these new guidelines are useful for selecting direct injection therapy in patients with advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism.
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Onoda
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukagawa
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitaoka
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akizawa
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koiwa
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakuta
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
keywords: nodular hyperplasia; percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT); percutaneous vitamin D injection therapy (PDIT); secondary hyperparathyroidism; ultrasonography