title: Structures to complement the archaeo-eukaryotic primases catalytic cycle description: What's next?
abstract: DNA replication is a crucial stage in the transfer of genetic information from parent to daughter cells. This mechanism involves multiple proteins with one key player being the primase. Primases are single-stranded DNA dependent RNA polymerases. On the leading strand, they synthesize the primer once allowing DNA elongation while on the lagging strand primers are generated repeatedly (Okazaki fragments). Primases have the unique ability to create the first phosphodiester bond yielding a dinucleotide which is initially elongated by primases and then by DNA polymerases. Primase activity has been studied in the last decades but the detailed molecular steps explaining some unique features remain unclear. High-resolution structures of free and bound primases domains have brought significant insights in the understanding of the primase reaction cycle. Here, we give a short review of the structural work conducted in the field of archaeo-eukaryotic primases and we underline the missing "pictures" of the active forms of the enzyme which are of major interest. We organized our analysis with respect to the progression through the catalytic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boudet
authors.affiliation: University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Devillier
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Frédéric H-T
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Allain
authors.affiliation: University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lipps
keywords: Catalysis; DNA template; Dinucleotide formation; High-resolution structures; Primases; Primer synthesis