title: Viral Respiratory Infections of Adults in the Intensive Care Unit.
abstract: Viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are an underappreciated cause of critical illness in adults. Recent advances in viral detection techniques over the past decade have demonstrated viral LRTIs are associated with rates of morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization comparable to those of seen with bacterial community acquired and nosocomial pneumonias. In this review, we describe the relationship between viral LRTIs and critical illness, as well as discuss relevant clinical features and management strategies for the more prevalent respiratory viral pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaku
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tutera
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Pulmonary Section, Medicine Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Ware G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Kuschner
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA barrj@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D003422:Critical Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000458:organization & administration; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: MERS; SARS; adenovirus; community acquired pneumonia; coronavirus; hospital acquired pneumonia; human metapneumovirus; influenza; intensive care unit; parainfluenza; respiratory syncytial virus; rhinovirus; viral respiratory infection