title: Steroid Receptor-Associated Immunophilins: Candidates for Diverse Drug-Targeting Approaches in Disease.
abstract: The steroid receptor-associated TPR cochaperones FKBP51, FKBP52, CyP40 and PP5 have non-redundant roles in steroid receptor function that impact steroid hormone-binding affinity, nucleocyoplasmic shuttling and transcriptional activation of target genes in a tissue-specific manner. Aberrant expression of these TPR immunophilins has the potential to cause steroid-based diseases, including breast and prostate cancer, diabetes and metabolic disorders, male and female infertility and major depressive and neurodegenerative disorders. This review summaries the function of these proteins as cochaperones in steroid receptor-Hsp90 complexes and elaborates on their role in alternative, Hsp90-dependent and -independent signalling pathways not involving steroid receptors. The review also extensively covers current knowledge of the link between the steroid receptor-associated immunophilins and human disease. An improved understanding of their mechanisms of action has revealed opportunities for molecular therapies to enhance or inhibit cellular processes under their control that contribute both to human health and disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia. thomas.ratajczak@perkins.uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ratajczak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055808:Drug Discovery; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020104:Immunophilins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D020104:Immunophilins