title: Mammalian RNA virus-derived small RNA: biogenesis and functional activity.
abstract: The role of virus-derived small RNAs (vsRNAs) has been identified as an antiviral mechanism in plants, arthropods, and nematodes. Although mammalian DNA viruses have been observed to encode functional miRNAs, whether RNA virus infection generates functional vsRNAs remains under discussion. This article reviews the most recent reports regarding pathways for generating vsRNAs and the identified vsRNA activity in mammalian cells infected with RNA viruses. We also discuss several hypotheses regarding the roles of mammalian vsRNAs and comment on the potential directions for this research field.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address: kfweng@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Kuo-Feng
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Ting
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsing-I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Clinical Virology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-yuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ru
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Shih
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D008322:Mammals / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012328:RNA Viruses; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: Mammalian; RNA virus; RNAi; Small RNA; siRNA; vsRNA