title: A User-Developed 3-D Hand Gesture Set for Human-Computer Interaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to develop a lexicon for 3-D hand gestures for common human-computer interaction (HCI) tasks by considering usability and effort ratings.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Recent technologies create an opportunity for developing a free-form 3-D hand gesture lexicon for HCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects (N = 30) with prior experience using 2-D gestures on touch screens performed 3-D gestures of their choice for 34 common HCI tasks and rated their gestures on preference, match, ease, and effort. Videos of the 1,300 generated gestures were analyzed for gesture popularity, order, and response times. Gesture hand postures were rated by the authors on biomechanical risk and fatigue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A final task gesture set is proposed based primarily on subjective ratings and hand posture risk. The different dimensions used for evaluating task gestures were not highly correlated and, therefore, measured different properties of the task-gesture match.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A method is proposed for generating a user-developed 3-D gesture lexicon for common HCIs that involves subjective ratings and a posture risk rating for minimizing arm and hand fatigue.
authors.affiliation: University of California at Berkeley.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wachs
authors.affiliation: University of California at Berkeley.
authors.forename: Kunwoo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: University of California at Berkeley david.rempel@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rempel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D005868:Gestures; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HCI; fatigue; gesture; human–computer interaction; usability