title: Mercury exposure in a riverside Amazon population, Brazil: a study of the ototoxicity of methylmercury.
abstract: Introduction Mercury poisoning causes hearing loss in humans and animals. Acute and long-term exposures produce irreversible peripheral and central auditory system damage, and mercury in its various forms of presentation in the environment is ototoxic. Objective We investigated the otoacoustic emissions responses in a riverside population exposed to environmental mercury by analyzing the inhibitory effect of the medial olivocochlear system (MOCS) on transient otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE). Methods The purpose of the research was to evaluate the entire community independently of variables of sex and age. All of the participants were born and lived in a riverside community. After otolaryngologic evaluation, participants were received tympanometry, evaluation of contralateral acoustic reflexes, pure tone audiometry, and recording of TEOAEs with nonlinear click stimulation. Hair samples were collect to measure mercury levels. Results There was no significant correlation between the inhibitory effect of the MOCS, age, and the level of mercury in the hair. Conclusions The pathophysiological effects of chronic exposure may be subtle and nonspecific and can have a long period of latency; therefore, it will be important to monitor the effects of mercury exposure in the central auditory system of the Amazon population over time. Longitudinal studies should be performed to determine whether the inhibitory effect of the MOCS on otoacoustic emissions can be an evaluation method and diagnostic tool in populations exposed to mercury.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Heloisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pacheco-Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, FOFITO, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Seisse Gabriela G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Sanches
authors.affiliation: FMUSP, FOFITO, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carvallo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nathália
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maurício
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Volney de Magalhães
authors.initials: Vde M
authors.lastname: Câmara
keywords: auditory pathways; medial olivocochlear system; mercury; methylmercury compounds; otoacoustic emissions; ototoxicity