title: Genetic structure and forensic parameters of 38 Indels for human identification purposes in eight Mexican populations.
abstract: Insertion-deletions for human identification purposes (HID-Indels) offer advantages to solve particular forensic situations and complex paternity cases. In Mexico, admixed population known as Mestizos is the largest (∼90%), plus a number of Amerindian groups (∼10%), which have not been studied with HID-Indels. For this reason, allele frequencies and forensic parameters for 38 HID-Indels were estimated in 531 unrelated individuals from one Amerindian (Purépecha) and seven Mestizo populations from different regions of the country. Genotype distribution was in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg expectations in almost all loci/populations. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) test did not reveal possible associations between loci pairs in all eight Mexican populations. The combined power of discrimination was high in all populations (PD >99.99999999998%). However, the power of exclusion of the 38 HID-Indel system (PE >99.6863%) was reduced regarding most of autosomal STR kits. The assessment of genetic structure (AMOVA) and relationships between populations (FST) demonstrated significant differences among Mexican populations, mainly of the Purépecha Amerindian group. Among Mexican-Mestizos, three population clusters consistent with geography were defined: (i) North-West region: Chihuahua, Sinaloa, and Jalisco; (ii) Central-Southern region: Mexico City, Veracruz and Yucatan; (iii) South region: Chiapas. In brief, this report validates the inclusion of the 38 HID-Indel system in forensic casework and paternity cases in seven Mexican-Mestizo populations from different regions, and in one Mexican Amerindian group.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCiénega-UdeG), Ocotlán, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martínez-Cortés
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gusmão
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCiénega-UdeG), Ocotlán, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: V H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Salcido
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCiénega-UdeG), Ocotlán, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Favela-Mendoza
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCS-UdeG), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Valle
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Genética, Procuraduría General de Justicia del DF, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inclán-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: División de Investigación Clínica, Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: López-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCiénega-UdeG), Ocotlán, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: hrangel13@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rangel-Villalobos
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D053803:Forensic Genetics / Q000379:methods; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population / Q000379:methods; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008800:Mexico
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: Amerindians; Insertion–deletion polymorphisms; Mestizos; Mexico; Paternity cases; Purépechas