title: Female third party lymphocytes are effective for immunotherapy of patients with unexplained primary recurrent spontaneous abortion: A retrospective analysis of outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Allogeneic lymphocytes of paternal origin or supplied by a male third party have been used for the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion. Few studies, however, have examined the use of female third party lymphocytes. Our purpose was to determine whether female third party lymphocytes could be used for immunotherapy of women with recurrent spontaneous abortion.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective non-randomised cohort-controlled study, the medical records of patients with three or more spontaneous abortions who received immunotherapy with lymphocytes from their partner, a male third party or a female third party, as well as those who received no immunotherapy, from 1996 to 2012 were reviewed. All patients were negative for mixed lymphocyte culture reaction (MLR)-blocking antibodies. Immunotherapy was performed in 302 patients in two courses, while 53 patients received no immunotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pregnancy rates in patients who received lymphocytes from their partners, a male third party or a female third party, and in those not immunised, were 85.6%, 87.3%, 89.7%, and 79.3%, respectively (p = 0.523);the live birth rates were 87.3%, 75.8%, 84.6%, and 40.5%, respectively (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that female third party lymphocytes can be used for immunotherapy in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.
authors.affiliation: a * Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: a * Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Xipeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Aimin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Qide
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D050498:Live Birth; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D017710:Lymphocyte Transfusion; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019138:Antibodies, Blocking
keywords: Immunotherapy; Lymphocyte; Recurrent spontaneous abortion