title: In vitro bactericidal activity of cefepime and cefpirome against clinical isolates at Karachi.
abstract: Antibiotics not only support to alleviate the infections but also facilitate to avert the multiplication of microbes. Due to the irrational use of antibiotics, the resistance of antibiotics has been augmented which results may increase in morbidity and mortality with the span of time. World renowned regulatory bodies like Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and World Health Organization (WHO) vigorously advocate the surveillance of the resistance of antibiotics. During the present study by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method 141 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (n=47, 33.34%), Escherichia coli (n=54, 38.3%), Proteus species (n=26, 18.4%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=14, 9.92%) are evaluated against cefepime and cefpirome which comes of fourth generation cephalosporin. It has been found that cefpirome has better bactericidal activity than cefepime against E. coli and K. pneumoniae while cefepime has been possessed better antibacterial activity against S. aureus and Proteus species which were isolated from respiratory tract infections, blood stream infection, intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. K. pneumoniae, E. coli, Proteus species, and S. aureus were 34.8%, 26.3%, 11.3%, and 37.7% resistance against cefepime respectively. S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Proteus species has shown 41.4%, 21.7%, 17.6%, and 8.9% resistance against cefpirome correspondingly.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Adeel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arsalan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Syed Baqar Shayam
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Naqvi
authors.affiliation: H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Syed Abid
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Osama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shakeel
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology; D000077723:Cefepime; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D059413:Intraabdominal Infections; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010154:Pakistan; D011511:Proteus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011512:Proteus Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology; D018461:Soft Tissue Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D000097572:Cefpirome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000077723:Cefepime; D002511:Cephalosporins; D000097572:Cefpirome