title: A radiologic study of an ancient Egyptian mummy with a prosthetic toe.
abstract: A radiologic examination (both CT and traditional X-ray) of two mummies curated at the Albany Institute of History and Art revealed the identity of the mummified remains as well as details of the person's life style parameters (markers of occupational stress). These mummies, brought to the Institute over 100 years ago, were unstudied until 1989. This preliminary study led to the misappropriation of the remains, and subsequent switching of the remains within their coffins. Recent and more detailed analyses lead to the correct identification of sex, a re-association of the remains to their interment coffins, as well as a detailed analysis of occupational markers. A prosthetic toe was identified in one of the mummies which lead to the functional exploration of prosthetics in the past including their use as part of funerary processing in ancient Egypt. Finally, details of the embalming process place the wrapped mummy within the time frame identified on the coffin of the mummy identified as Ankhefenmut as well as confirming his social status.
authors.affiliation: Senior Research Fellow, C.W. Post Campus, Long Island University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brier
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Albany Medical Center, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Phuong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vinh
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Albany Medical Center, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Albany Medical Center, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mayforth
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Albany Medical Center, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Johnson Chapin
mesh_terms: D000076144:Egypt, Ancient; D004615:Embalming; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009106:Mummies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000266:history*; D011859:Radiography; D014034:Toes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: mummification; mummy radiology; prosthetics; skeletal asymmetry