title: Translational regulation in chloroplasts for development and homeostasis.
abstract: Chloroplast genomes encode 100-200 proteins which function in photosynthesis, the organellar genetic system, and other pathways and processes. These proteins are synthesized by a complete translation system within the chloroplast, with bacterial-type ribosomes and translation factors. Here, we review translational regulation in chloroplasts, focusing on changes in translation rates which occur in response to requirements for proteins encoded by the chloroplast genome for development and homeostasis. In addition, we delineate the developmental and physiological contexts and model organisms in which translational regulation in chloroplasts has been studied. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Chloroplast biogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department and Center for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke W., Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Biology Department and Center for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke W., Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada. Electronic address: william.zerges@concordia.ca.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zerges
mesh_terms: D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis
keywords: Chlamydomonas; Chloroplast; Development; Photomorphogenesis; Plastid; Translation