title: Choline and Fructooligosaccharide: Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Cardiac Fat Deposition, and Oxidative Stress Markers.
abstract: This study investigates the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats with choline and fructooligosaccharide (FOS). The healthy control group received standard diet. The other three groups consisted of animals with NAFLD. Group Estr received standard diet; group Echo received standard diet plus choline (3 g/100 g diet); and group Efos received standard diet plus FOS (10 g/100 g diet). Food intake, weight, urinary nitrogen, urinary ammonia, total cholesterol, serum triacylglyceride, liver and heart weights, tissue nitrogen, tissue fat, vitamin E, TBARS, and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured in hepatic and heart tissue. Choline and FOS treatments resulted in total mean fat reduction in liver and heart tissue of 0.2 and 1.7 g, respectively. Both treatments were equally effective in reducing hepatic and cardiac steatosis. There were no differences in the TBARS level among experimental and control groups, indicating that the proposed treatments had no added protection against free radicals. While all experimental groups had increased vitamin E and GSH levels, choline treatment led to a significant increase compared to control.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Nutrition (Nutrology), São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nadia Juliana Beraldo Goulart
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Borges Haubert
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Nutrition (Nutrology), São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julio Sergio
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Marchini
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Nutrition (Nutrology), São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Selma Freire
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Carvalho Cunha
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Nutrition (Nutrology), São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vivian Marques Miguel
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Suen
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Nutrition (Nutrology), São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilberto Joao
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Padovan
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alceu Afonso
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Jordao
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Nutrition (Nutrology), São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia Maria Meirelles
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Marchini Alves
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Nutrition (Nutrology), São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julio Flavio Meirelles
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Marchini
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Nutrition (Nutrology), São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vannucchi
keywords: choline; fructooligosaccharide; heart fat; hepatic steatosis; liver fat