title: Co-occurrence of musk fragrances and UV-filters in seafood and macroalgae collected in European hotspots.
abstract: In the last decades, awareness regarding personal care products (PCP), i.e. synthetic organic chemicals frequently used in cosmetic and hygienic products, has become a forward-looking issue, due to their persistency in the environment and their potential multi-organ toxicity in both human and wildlife. Seafood is one of the most significant food commodities in the world and, certainly, one of the most prone to bioaccumulation of PCP, what can consequently lead to human exposure, especially for coastal population, where its consumption is more marked. The aim of this work was to evaluate the co-occurrence of musk fragrances and UV-filters in both seafood and macroalgae collected in different European hotspots (areas with high levels of pollution, highly populated and near wastewater treatment plants). Despite the fact that UV-filters were detected in three different kind of samples (mussel, mullet, and clam), in all cases they were below the limit of quantification. Galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN) were the musk fragrances most frequently detected and quantified in samples from the European hotspots. Cashmeran (DPMI) was also detected in most samples but only quantified in two of them (flounder/herring and mullet). The highest levels of HHCB and AHTN were found in mussels from Po estuary.
authors.affiliation: LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: sara.cunha@ff.up.pt.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, Marcel·lí Domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vallecillos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cano-Sancho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.affiliation: Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, Marcel·lí Domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pocurull
authors.affiliation: Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, Marcel·lí Domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borrull
authors.affiliation: Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), Avenida de Brasilia, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Maulvault
authors.affiliation: Aeiforia srl, Loc. Faggiola 12-16, 29027 Gariga di Podenzano, Piacenza, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: IRTA, Ctra. de Poble Nou, E-43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Tejedor
authors.affiliation: Hortimare Projects & Consultancy BV, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Van den Heuvel
authors.affiliation: IMARES, Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek, Haringkade 1, 1976CP IJmuiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotterman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D010476:Perfume / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D010476:Perfume; D013473:Sunscreening Agents
keywords: Contaminants; Fish; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Macroalgae; Musk fragrances; UV-filters