title: Computational analysis of AnmK-like kinase: New insights into the cell wall metabolism of fungi.
abstract: 1,6-Anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid kinase (AnmK) is the unique enzyme that marks the recycling of the cell wall of Escherichia coli. Here, 81 fungal AnmK-like kinase sequences from 57 fungal species were searched in the NCBI database and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The three-dimensional structure of an AnmK-like kinase, levoglucosan kinase (LGK) of the yeast Lipomyces starkeyi, was modeled; molecular docking revealed that AnmK and LGK are conserved proteins, and 187Asp, 212Asp are enzymatic residues, respectively. Analysis suggests that 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylglucosamine (anhGlcNAc) and/or 1,6-anhydro-β-d-glucosamine (anhGlcN) would be the appropriate substrates of AnmK-like kinases. Also, the counterparts of other characteristic enzymes of cell wall recycling of bacteria were found in fungi. Taken together, it is proposed that a putative recycling of anhGlcNAc/anhGlcN, which is associated with the hydrolysis of cell walls, exists in fungi. This computational analysis will provide new insights into the metabolism of fungal cell walls.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, No. 68 Xuefu Road (S), Evergreen Garden, Wuhan 430023, PR China; College of Resources & Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China. Electronic address: daijh333@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Jianghong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, PR China. Electronic address: quh@mail.cbi.pku.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: College of Resources & Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhisheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, No. 68 Xuefu Road (S), Evergreen Garden, Wuhan 430023, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiangke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Resources & Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongxun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002473:Cell Wall / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055160:Lipomyces / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010770:Phosphotransferases
keywords: Cell wall; Chitin; Homology modeling; Molecular docking; Peptidoglycan