title: Association between PDE4D gene and ischemic stroke: recent advancements.
abstract: Stroke is a severe complication and a leading cause of death worldwide and genetic studies among different ethnicities has provided the basis for involvement of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) gene in cerebrovascular diseases. Recent advancements have evaluated the role of this gene in stroke and these studies have provided a stronger support for the involvement of this gene in stroke development and few studies also suggest that it may influence outcome. Furthermore, case-control studies and meta-analysis studies have provided strong evidence for certain variants in PDE4D to predispose to stroke only among certain ethnicities. Thus, this review focuses on recent progress made in PDE4D gene research involving genetic, molecular and pharmacological aspect. A strong conclusion has emerged that clearly indicates a pivotal role played by this gene in ischemic stroke globally. Studies have also noticeably highlighted that PDE4D gene/pathway can be a suitable drug target for managing stroke; however, a more comprehensive research is still required to understand the molecular and cellular intricacies this gene plays in stroke development, progression and its outcome.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases , Osmania University , Begumpet , Hyderabad , India.|b Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences , Vijayawada , Andhra Pradesh , India.
authors.forename: Satrupa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: a Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases , Osmania University , Begumpet , Hyderabad , India.|b Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences , Vijayawada , Andhra Pradesh , India.
authors.forename: Sitara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: c Centre for Human Genetics, School of Health Sciences , Central University of Punjab , Bathinda , Punjab , India.
authors.forename: Anjana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Munshi
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000235:genetics*; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D020521:Stroke / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; C517376:PDE4D protein, human
keywords: case-control study; expression study; genetics; ischemic stroke; meta-analysis study; pharmacology study; phosphodiesterase 4D gene