title: Muscular interleukin-6 differentially regulates skeletal muscle adaptation to high-fat diet in a sex-dependent manner.
abstract: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is now known to be not only a major cytokine controlling the immune system but also basic physiological variables such as body weight and metabolism. We recently reported that muscle-specific interleukin-6 deletion influences body weight and body fat in a sex-dependent manner in mice. When compared with littermate floxed controls, males gained less weight whereas females gained more weight after a 12-week high-fat diet treatment (HFD). We herewith report gender-differences of HFD treatment on fast and slow skeletal muscle in muscle-specific IL-6 deficient mice. While gross muscle architecture was normal, in males, HFD resulted in an increased proportion of medium-large size myofibers which was prevented by muscle IL-6 deletion. No modifications of fiber size were observed in females. HFD induced a fiber-type switching in tibialis muscle, increasing the proportion of fast-oxidative fibers and decreasing the fast-glycolytic fibers in female mice which were dependent on muscle IL-6. No changes of fiber types were detected in males. Finally, HFD was associated with increased collagen deposition in both sexes and muscle types. However, this effect was only associated to the presence of muscular IL-6 only on the slow soleus muscle in males. The results demonstrate sex-dependent effects of both HFD and muscle IL-6 deficiency in skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Spain. Electronic address: Joana.guerra@upf.edu.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: beaferrer@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: merce.giralt@uab.es.
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giralt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: gemma.comes@uab.es.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Comes
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: javier.Carrasco@uab.es.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carrasco
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: amalia.molinero@uab.es.
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molinero
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Spain. Electronic address: antonio.serrano@upf.edu.
authors.forename: Antonio L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: Juan.Hidalgo@uab.es.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005260:Female; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; C577686:interleukin-6, mouse; D003094:Collagen
keywords: High-fat diet; IL-6; Muscle