title: Circulating Angiogenic Factors and the Risk of Preeclampsia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Pregnancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether angiogenic factors are associated with risk of developing preeclampsia in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a nested case-control study within a cohort of SLE women with singleton pregnancies. The study included 42 patients with SLE who eventually developed preeclampsia and 75 normal SLE pregnancies. Serum samples were collected at 4-week intervals (from weeks 12 to 36). Serum samples were analyzed for soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), placental growth factor (PlGF), and soluble endoglin (sEng).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women destined to develop preeclampsia had lower PlGF levels and higher sFlt-1 and sEng levels, and a higher sFlt-1/PlGF ratio than normal pregnancies. These changes became significant at 12 weeks in patients destined to develop either early onset (< 34 weeks, p ≤ 0.003) or late-onset preeclampsia (≥ 34 weeks, p ≤ 0.02). The risk to develop preeclampsia was higher among patients with PlGF concentration values in the lowest quartile or with sFlt-1 and sEng levels, and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, in the highest quartile of the normal SLE pregnancies distribution. The OR were higher and appeared earlier in patients destined to develop early onset preeclampsia (OR ≥ 16.2, from Week 12 onward) than in patients who presented preeclampsia later (OR ≥ 8.9, from Week 24 onward).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in circulating concentrations of sFlt-1, PlGF, sEng, and the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio precede the onset of preeclampsia in SLE pregnancies. The risk profile of circulating angiogenic factors for developing preeclampsia distinctly evolves depending on whether this condition is manifested earlier or later.
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine and Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), and the Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS.A. Leaños-Miranda, MD, DSc; I. Campos-Galicia, MD; M.G. Berumen-Lechuga, MD; C.J. Molina-Pérez, MD; Y. García-Paleta, QBP, Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS; I. Isordia-Salas, MD, PhD, Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS; K.L. Ramírez-Valenzuela, MD, MSc, Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," IMSS. alfredolm@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leaños-Miranda
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine and Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), and the Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS.A. Leaños-Miranda, MD, DSc; I. Campos-Galicia, MD; M.G. Berumen-Lechuga, MD; C.J. Molina-Pérez, MD; Y. García-Paleta, QBP, Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS; I. Isordia-Salas, MD, PhD, Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS; K.L. Ramírez-Valenzuela, MD, MSc, Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," IMSS.
authors.forename: Inova
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Campos-Galicia
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine and Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), and the Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS.A. Leaños-Miranda, MD, DSc; I. Campos-Galicia, MD; M.G. Berumen-Lechuga, MD; C.J. Molina-Pérez, MD; Y. García-Paleta, QBP, Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS; I. Isordia-Salas, MD, PhD, Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS; K.L. Ramírez-Valenzuela, MD, MSc, Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," IMSS.
authors.forename: María Guadalupe
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Berumen-Lechuga
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine and Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), and the Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS.A. Leaños-Miranda, MD, DSc; I. Campos-Galicia, MD; M.G. Berumen-Lechuga, MD; C.J. Molina-Pérez, MD; Y. García-Paleta, QBP, Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS; I. Isordia-Salas, MD, PhD, Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS; K.L. Ramírez-Valenzuela, MD, MSc, Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," IMSS.
authors.forename: Carlos José
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Molina-Pérez
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine and Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), and the Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS.A. Leaños-Miranda, MD, DSc; I. Campos-Galicia, MD; M.G. Berumen-Lechuga, MD; C.J. Molina-Pérez, MD; Y. García-Paleta, QBP, Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS; I. Isordia-Salas, MD, PhD, Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS; K.L. Ramírez-Valenzuela, MD, MSc, Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," IMSS.
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: García-Paleta
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine and Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), and the Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS.A. Leaños-Miranda, MD, DSc; I. Campos-Galicia, MD; M.G. Berumen-Lechuga, MD; C.J. Molina-Pérez, MD; Y. García-Paleta, QBP, Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS; I. Isordia-Salas, MD, PhD, Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS; K.L. Ramírez-Valenzuela, MD, MSc, Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," IMSS.
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Isordia-Salas
authors.affiliation: From the Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine and Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), and the Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS.A. Leaños-Miranda, MD, DSc; I. Campos-Galicia, MD; M.G. Berumen-Lechuga, MD; C.J. Molina-Pérez, MD; Y. García-Paleta, QBP, Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS; I. Isordia-Salas, MD, PhD, Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasia and Atherogenesis, H.G.R. No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro," IMSS; K.L. Ramírez-Valenzuela, MD, MSc, Toco-Surgery Service, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala," IMSS.
authors.forename: Karla Leticia
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Valenzuela
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000071063:Endoglin; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood*; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood*; D012306:Risk; D018570:Risk Assessment; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; C064206:ENG protein, human; D000071063:Endoglin; C000608036:PGF protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1
keywords: ANGIOGENIC FACTORS; PREECLAMPSIA; PREGNANCY; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS