title: PRRSV-infected monocyte-derived dendritic cells express high levels of SLA-DR and CD80/86 but do not stimulate PRRSV-naïve regulatory T cells to proliferate.
abstract: In vitro generated monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) have frequently been used to study the influence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection on antigen presenting cells. However, obtained results have often been conflicting in regard to expression of co-stimulatory molecules and interaction with T cells. In this study we performed a detailed phenotypic characterisation of PRRSV-infected moDCs and non-infected moDCs. For CD163 and CD169, which are involved in PRRSV-entry into host cells, our results show that prior to infection porcine moDCs express high levels of CD163 but only very low levels for CD169. Following infection with either PRRSV-1 or PRRSV-2 strains after 24 h, PRRSV-nucleoprotein (N-protein)(+) and N-protein(-) moDCs derived from the same microculture were analyzed for expression of swine leukocyte antigen-DR (SLA-DR) and CD80/86. N-protein(+) moDCs consistently expressed higher levels of SLA-DR and CD80/86 compared to N-protein(-) moDCs. We also investigated the influence of PRRSV-infected moDCs on proliferation and frequency of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells present within CD4(+) T cells in in vitro co-cultures. Neither CD3-stimulated nor unstimulated CD4(+) T cells showed differences in regard to proliferation and frequency of Foxp3(+) T cells following co-cultivation with either PRRSV-1 or PRRSV-2 infected moDCs. Our results suggest that a more detailed characterisation of PRRSV-infected moDCs will lead to more consistent results across different laboratories and PRRSV strains as indicated by the major differences in SLA-DR and CD80/86 expression between PRRSV-infected and non-infected moDCs present in the same microculture.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria. irenero22@gmail.com.|Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, "International Excellence Agrifood Campus - CeiA3", 14014, Córdoba, Spain. irenero22@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Irene M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria. tobias.kaeser@usask.ca.|Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, S7N 5E3, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. tobias.kaeser@usask.ca.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Käser
authors.affiliation: CICAP - Food Research Centre, 14400 Pozoblanco, Córdoba, Spain. jgomez@cicap.es.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gómez-Laguna
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria. benjamin.lamp@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lamp
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria. leonie.sinn@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: Leonie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sinn
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria. till.ruemenapf@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: Till
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rümenapf
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, "International Excellence Agrifood Campus - CeiA3", 14014, Córdoba, Spain. an1caotl@uco.es.
authors.forename: Librado
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carrasco
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria. armin.saalmueller@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saalmüller
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria. wilhelm.gerner@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gerner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; C438668:swine leukocyte antigen