title: Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis.
abstract: Host-directed therapies are a relatively new and promising approach to treatment of tuberculosis. Modulation of specific host immune pathways, including those that impact inflammation and immunopathology, can limit mycobacterial infection and pathology, both in cell culture and in animal models. This review explores a range of host pathways and drugs, some already approved for clinical use that have the potential to provide new adjunctive therapies for tuberculosis. Drugs targeting host processes may largely avoid the development of bacterial antibiotic resistance, a major public health concern for tuberculosis. However, these drugs may also have generally increased risk for side effects on the host. Understanding the specific mechanisms by which these drugs act and the relationship of these mechanisms to Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis will be critical in selecting appropriate host-directed therapy. Overall, these host-directed compounds provide a novel strategy for antituberculosis therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Center for AIDS Research, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710 david.tobin@duke.edu.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Tobin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000276:immunology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015777:Eicosanoids; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D014807:Vitamin D; D011494:Protein Kinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases