title: Prediction of T stage in gastric carcinoma by enhanced CT and oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is to explore the values of enhanced CT and oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography on preoperative T stage in gastric carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients with gastric carcinoma, including 27 males and 13 females, were confirmed by endoscopy, operation, and pathology. The median age of these patients was 49 years old (25 to 73 years). There were 19 cases of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, 13 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 5 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma, and 4 cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma by pathology. All these patients were examined by both enhanced CT and ultrasound examination simultaneously 1 week before surgery. T staging in all these gastric carcinomas was carried out by enhanced CT or oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, respectively, or by both of them. The statistical difference between T stage by imaging and pathological T stage was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, there were 5 cases with T1 stage, 9 cases with T2 stage, 20 cases with T3 stage, and 6 cases with T4 stage by pathology; 5 cases with T1 stage, 7 cases with T2 stage, 22 cases with T3 stage, and 6 cases with T4 stage by enhanced CT imaging with an accuracy of 75.00%; 6 cases with T1 stage, 7 cases with T2 stage, 22 cases with T3 stage, and 5 cases with T4 stage by ultrasonography examination, with an accuracy of 77.50%; and 4 cases with T1 stage, 10 cases with T2 stage, 19 cases with T3 stage, and 7 cases with T4 stage by both enhanced CT imaging and ultrasonography examination, with an accuracy of 85.00%. The accuracy of T staging in gastric carcinoma by both enhanced CT and ultrasound was higher than that either by enhanced CT or by ultrasound, respectively (P < 0.05). The anastomosis degree of the gastric carcinoma between enhanced CT and ultrasonography was κ = 0.404.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination diagnosis of enhanced CT and oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is helpful to improve the accuracy of T staging of gastric carcinoma before operations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Image, Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. yutao_best@hotmail.com.|Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. yutao_best@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 4 Chongshan East Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110032, China. xl_wangtry@163.com.
authors.forename: Xinling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China. zhao-azilong8721@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zilong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Image, Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. bestliu-fan@hotmail.com.|Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. bestliu-fan@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Image, Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. liuxiaoating@hotmail.com.|Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. liuxiaoating@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrosurgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. zhaoyan_happy@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Image, Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. luoyahong2008@163.com.|Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China. luoyahong2008@163.com.
authors.forename: Yahong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018279:Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media