title: Nationwide surveillance of 6 otorhinolaryngological infectious diseases and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in the isolated pathogens in Japan.
abstract: The Japanese Three Academic Societies Joint Antimicrobial Susceptibility Surveillance Committee has conducted a nationwide surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and rates of isolation in 6 otolaryngological diseases. The surveillance program was conducted in the otorhinolaryngological departments of 29 universities, and their 26 affiliated hospitals. Patients suffering from acute otitis media, chronic otitis media, acute nasal sinusitis, chronic nasal sinusitis, acute tonsillitis, and peritonsillar abscess between January 2011 and June 2012 were investigated. The collected swab or incision samples were cultivated for microbial identification, and the drug susceptibility of detected bacteria was measured at the Kitasato University Research Center for Infections and Antimicrobials. The surveillance focused on three gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus), three gram-negative bacteria (Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella Catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and three anaerobic bacteria (Peptostreptococcus spp., Prevotella spp., and Fusobacterium spp.). Bacterial susceptibility to 39 antimicrobial drugs was investigated. We compared bacterial isolation ratio of each disease in this surveillance from those of past 4 times surveillance which we performed formerly, and we also compared percentage of main drug resistant strains from those of past 4 times surveillance. The age composition between this time and former surveillances was not statistically significant by student-t test. We were unable to completely resolve the rise in resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus, penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae, penicillin-intermediate resistant S. pneumoniae, beta-lactamase non-producing ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae, beta-lactamase producing ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae, and beta-lactamase producing amoxicillin clavulanic acid-resistant H. influenzae. We suggest promoting the proper usage of antimicrobial drugs in order to avoid the spread of these bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: ken-suzu@fujita-hu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurono
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Aikichi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Totsuka
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaku
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kadota
authors.affiliation: The Kitasato University Research Center for Infections and Antimicrobials, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hanaki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Drug susceptibility; Otolaryngological infections; Resistant strain; Surveillance