title: Antimycobacterial and HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Activity of Julianaceae and Clusiaceae Plant Species from Mexico.
abstract: The extracts of 14 Julianaceae and 5 Clusiaceae species growing in Mexico were tested in vitro (50 µg/mL) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and HIV reverse transcriptase (HIV-RT). The Julianaceae bark and leaf extracts inhibited M. tuberculosis (>84.67%) and HIV-RT (<49.89%). The Clusiaceae leaves extracts also inhibited both targets (>58.3% and >67.6%), respectively. The IC50 values for six selected extracts and their cytotoxicity (50 µg/mL) to human macrophages were then determined. Amphipterygium glaucum, A. molle, and A. simplicifolium fairly inhibited M. tuberculosis with IC50 of 1.87-2.35 µg/mL; but their IC50 against HIV-RT was 59.25-97.83 µg/mL. Calophyllum brasiliense, Vismia baccifera, and Vismia mexicana effect on M. tuberculosis was noteworthy (IC50 3.02-3.64 µg/mL) and also inhibited RT-HIV (IC50 26.24-35.17 µg/mL). These 6 extracts (50 µg/mL) presented low toxicity to macrophages (<23.8%). The HPLC profiles of A. glaucum, A. molle, and A. simplicifolium indicated that their antimycobacterial activity cannot be related to masticadienonic, 3α, or 3β-hydromasticadienonic acids, suggesting that other compounds may be responsible for the observed activity or this might be a synergy result. The anti-HIV-RT and antimycobacterial activities induced by C. brasiliense can be attributed to the content of calanolides A, B, as well as soulatrolide.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gómez-Cansino
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Clara Inés
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Espitia-Pinzón
authors.affiliation: Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Colonia Doctores, 06720 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: María Guadalupe
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Campos-Lara
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, Mexico ; Cátedra CONACyT, Mexico.
authors.forename: Silvia Laura
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Guzmán-Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Segura-Salinas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Echeverría-Valencia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Productos Naturales, Biología Vegetal y Edafología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avenida Diagonal 643, Barcelona, 08028 Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Torras-Claveria
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Botánica (IBUG), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, 45221 Zapopan, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Xochitl Marisol
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Cuevas-Figueroa
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reyes-Chilpa