title: Characterization of neural stem cells and their progeny in the sensory circumventricular organs of adult mouse.
abstract: Although evidence has accumulated that neurogenesis and gliogenesis occur in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgranular zone (SGZ) of adult mammalian brains, recent studies indicate the presence of neural stem cells (NSCs) in adult brains, particularly the circumventricular regions. In the present study, we aimed to determine characterization of NSCs and their progenitor cells in the sensory circumventricular organs (CVOs), including organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, subfornical organ, and area postrema of adult mouse. There were two types of NSCs: tanycyte-like ependymal cells and astrocyte-like cells. Astrocyte-like NSCs proliferated slowly and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and neural progenitor cells (NPCs) actively divided. Molecular marker protein expression of NSCs and their progenitor cells were similar to those reported in the SVZ and SGZ, except that astrocyte-like NSCs expressed S100β. These circumventricular NSCs possessed the capacity to give rise to oligodendrocytes and sparse numbers of neurons and astrocytes in the sensory CVOs and adjacent brain regions. The inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling by using a VEGF receptor-associated tyrosine kinase inhibitor AZD2171 largely suppressed basal proliferation of OPCs. A single systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide attenuated proliferation of OPCs and induced remarkable proliferation of microglia. The present study indicates that sensory circumventricular NSCs provide new neurons and glial cells in the sensory CVOs and adjacent brain regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Eriko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Furube
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan. smiyata@kit.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D066280:Circumventricular Organs / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: Gliogenesis; Lipopolysaccharide; Microglia; Neurogenesis; VEGF