title: Risk factors in cervical spondylosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cervical spondylosis is essentially a degenerative disorder common after fourth decade. It has been seen that radiological evidence of cervical spondylosis do not necessarily co-relate with clinical findings. This discrepancy has been attributed to the morphometric dimensions of the vertebrae, age, sex, race, occupation, weight and height of the patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to co-relate the variables like age, sex, race, occupation, vertebral body diameter, canal diameter, canal body ratio of cervical spine vertebrae with cervical spondylosis cases with normal population.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this hospital based, case control, consent based, cross-sectional, clinico-radiological study 200 individuals (controls-100, cases-100) who were subjected to lateral projection radiographs of cervical spine. Their age, sex, race, occupation, height, weight and mid-sagittal canal diameter (CD), sagittal vertebral body diameter (VBD) and the canal-body ratio (CBR) of the cervical vertebrae was recorded and analyzed statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no relation between vertebral dimensions and clinical groups. In radiculopathy group, age and height showed significance on univariate analysis. While only age remained significant on multivariate analysis. In neck pain group age, sex, and height showed significance on univariate analysis while in multivariate analysis age, sex and occupation were significant risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Prof, Head - Department of Orthopedics, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP, India.
authors.forename: Sudhir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor - Orthopedics, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP, India.
authors.forename: Dharmendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor - Orthopedics, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP, India.
authors.forename: Sanjeev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
keywords: Cervical spondylosis; Multivariate analysis; Risk factors