title: Phase Behavior of Resveratrol Solid Dispersions Upon Addition to Aqueous media.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the phase behavior of resveratrol amorphous solid dispersions upon addition to aqueous media.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polymers with different crystallization inhibitor properties were used to form amorphous solid dispersions of resveratrol. Resveratrol crystallization in aqueous environments was monitored over time using Raman spectroscopy, and solution concentrations were determined by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The crystallization behavior varied depending on the type and amount of polymer present in the dispersion. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Eudragit E100 (E100) dispersions did not crystallize for 24 h when slurried in pH 6.8 buffer at 37°C. Even though no crystallization occurred, a supersaturated solution was not achieved, most likely because of resveratrol-polymer complexation. Dispersions formed with cellulose derivatives crystallized rapidly, and the extent of crystallization varied depending on the amount of polymer in the dispersion. The solution concentration achieved in the slurries varied considerably between the various solid dispersions and depended on several factors including the extent of resveratrol crystallization, the nature of the resveratrol-polymer interactions, and the concentration of solid dispersion added to the slurry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was found that the extent of supersaturation was limited not only by crystallization, but also by soluble and insoluble complex formation between resveratrol and the polymer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsay A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Wegiel
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Laura I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Mosquera-Giraldo
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Mauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Edgar
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA. lstaylor@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Lynne S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011205:Povidone / Q000737:chemistry; D000077185:Resveratrol; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; C477020:Eudragit E100; D011108:Polymers; D012996:Solutions; D013267:Stilbenes; D014867:Water; D011205:Povidone; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: amorphous solid dispersion; complexation; resveratrol; solubility; supersaturated solution