title: Inflammatory and metabolic responses to high-fat meals with and without dairy products in men.
abstract: Postprandial inflammation is an important factor for human health since chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with chronic diseases. Dairy products have a weak but significant anti-inflammatory effect on postprandial inflammation. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of a high-fat dairy meal (HFD meal), a high-fat non-dairy meal supplemented with milk (HFM meal) and a high-fat non-dairy control meal (HFC meal) on postprandial inflammatory and metabolic responses in healthy men. A cross-over study was conducted in nineteen male subjects. Blood samples were collected before and 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after consumption of the test meals. Plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, TAG and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at each time point. IL-6, TNF-α and endotoxin concentrations were assessed at baseline and endpoint (6 h). Time-dependent curves of these metabolic parameters were plotted, and the net incremental AUC were found to be significantly higher for TAG and lower for CRP after consumption of the HFM meal compared with the HFD meal; however, the HFM and HFD meals were not different from the HFC meal. Alterations in IL-6, TNF-α and endotoxin concentrations were not significantly different between the test meals. The results suggest that full-fat milk and dairy products (cheese and butter) have no significant impact on the inflammatory response to a high-fat meal.
authors.affiliation: Agroscope, Institute for Food Sciences (IFS),Schwarzenburgstrasse 161,3003Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.affiliation: Agroscope, Institute for Food Sciences (IFS),Schwarzenburgstrasse 161,3003Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Nicolai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petry
authors.affiliation: Agroscope, Institute for Food Sciences (IFS),Schwarzenburgstrasse 161,3003Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Walther
authors.affiliation: Agroscope, Institute for Food Sciences (IFS),Schwarzenburgstrasse 161,3003Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ueli
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bütikofer
authors.affiliation: ChemStat,Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luginbühl
authors.affiliation: Agroscope, Institute for Food Sciences (IFS),Schwarzenburgstrasse 161,3003Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Doreen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gille
authors.affiliation: Agroscope, Institute for Food Sciences (IFS),Schwarzenburgstrasse 161,3003Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Magali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chollet
authors.affiliation: Division of Translational and Systems Medicine, University of Warwick,Coventry,UK.
authors.forename: Philip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: McTernan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microsystems 2, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne,Lausanne,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Martin A M
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gijs
authors.affiliation: Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital CHUV,Lausanne,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vionnet
authors.affiliation: Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital CHUV,Lausanne,Switzerland.
authors.forename: François P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Pralong
authors.affiliation: Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine,University Hospital Inselspital,Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Laederach
authors.affiliation: Agroscope, Institute for Food Sciences (IFS),Schwarzenburgstrasse 161,3003Bern,Switzerland.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vergères
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003611:Dairy Products; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004731:Endotoxins; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cross-over studies; Dairy products; High-fat diet; Inflammation; Metabolism; Postprandial responses