title: Anaemia in Waldmann's disease: A rare presentation of a rare disease.
abstract: A 32-year-old female presented with 5-year history of iron deficiency anemia, marked pallor and edema of both lower limbs. Laboratory investigations including complete blood count, blood film, iron studies, lipid profile, ascitic fluid analysis, test of stool for occult blood and alpha 1 anti-trypsin. Upper, lower gastrointestinal (GIT) endoscopies, and enteroscopy were performed. Imaging techniques as abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography were done. Echocardiography, lymph node biopsy and bone marrow examination were normal. The case was diagnosed as Waldmann's disease with protein losing enteropathy and recurrent GIT bleeding. Management started with low fat diet with medium chain triglyceride, octreotide 200 μg twice a day, tranexamic acid and blood transfusion. Then, exploratory laparotomy with pathological examination of resected segment was done when recurrent GIT bleeding occurred and to excluded malignant transformation.
authors.affiliation: Shahira A El-Etreby, Ahmed Y Altonbary, Mohamed El Sorogy, Wagdi Elkashef, Jehan A Mazroa, Monir H Bahgat, Divisions of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Pathology, and Diagnostic Radiology, Specialized Medical Hospital and Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Shahira A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: El-Etreby
authors.affiliation: Shahira A El-Etreby, Ahmed Y Altonbary, Mohamed El Sorogy, Wagdi Elkashef, Jehan A Mazroa, Monir H Bahgat, Divisions of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Pathology, and Diagnostic Radiology, Specialized Medical Hospital and Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Altonbary
authors.affiliation: Shahira A El-Etreby, Ahmed Y Altonbary, Mohamed El Sorogy, Wagdi Elkashef, Jehan A Mazroa, Monir H Bahgat, Divisions of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Pathology, and Diagnostic Radiology, Specialized Medical Hospital and Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed El
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sorogy
authors.affiliation: Shahira A El-Etreby, Ahmed Y Altonbary, Mohamed El Sorogy, Wagdi Elkashef, Jehan A Mazroa, Monir H Bahgat, Divisions of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Pathology, and Diagnostic Radiology, Specialized Medical Hospital and Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Wagdi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Elkashef
authors.affiliation: Shahira A El-Etreby, Ahmed Y Altonbary, Mohamed El Sorogy, Wagdi Elkashef, Jehan A Mazroa, Monir H Bahgat, Divisions of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Pathology, and Diagnostic Radiology, Specialized Medical Hospital and Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Jehan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mazroa
authors.affiliation: Shahira A El-Etreby, Ahmed Y Altonbary, Mohamed El Sorogy, Wagdi Elkashef, Jehan A Mazroa, Monir H Bahgat, Divisions of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Pathology, and Diagnostic Radiology, Specialized Medical Hospital and Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Monir H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bahgat
keywords: Gastrointestinal bleeding; Iron deficiency anemia; Lymphangiectasia; Waldmann’s disease