title: Micro-solid-phase extraction of organochlorine pesticides using porous metal-organic framework MIL-101 as sorbent.
abstract: In this study, a metal-organic framework material, MIL-101, used as a micro-solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) sorbent for efficient enrichment of five organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including α-HCH, Aldrin, α-Chlordane, Dieldrin and p,p'-DDD from water samples, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, is reported. This study demonstrated a new application of MIL-101 using μ-SPE, an advantage of the latter being its ability to process complex aqueous matrices, due to the protection of the sorbent afforded by the hollow fiber membrane bag. Key factors affecting extraction efficiency were studied, including elution solvent, extraction and desorption time. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the calibration plots were linear from 0.05 to 50 ng/mL for α-HCH and p,p'-DDD, and 0.1 to 50 ng/mL for the other three analytes. The limits of detection were between 0.0025 and 0.016 ng/mL. The relative recoveries of the OCPs spiked into real water samples (at 5 ng/mL of each analyte) ranged from 87.6 to 98.6% with relative standard deviations of <10%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
authors.forename: Zhenzhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore; National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, T-Lab Building #02-01, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore. Electronic address: chmleehk@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Hian Kee
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D057230:Limit of Detection; D000073396:Metal-Organic Frameworks; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016062:Porosity; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D056831:Coordination Complexes; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; C000589635:MIL-101; D000073396:Metal-Organic Frameworks; D008670:Metals; D010575:Pesticides; D012997:Solvents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water
keywords: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; MIL-101; Micro-solid-phase extraction; Organochlorine pesticides