title: Inhibitory effect of super-hydrophobicity on silver release and antibacterial properties of super-hydrophobic Ag/TiO2 nanotubes.
abstract: The antibacterial properties of super-hydrophobic silver (Ag) on implant surface have not yet to be fully illuminated. In our study, we investigate the protective effects of super-hydrophobic coating of silver/titanium dioxide (Ag/TiO2 ) nanotubes against bacterial pathogens, as well as its pattern of Ag release. Ag/TiO2 nanotubes are prepared by a combination of electrochemical anodization and pulse electrodeposition. The super-hydrophobic coating is prepared by modifying the surface of Ag/TiO2 nanotubes with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl-triethoxysilane (PTES). Surface features and Ag release are examined by SEM, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact-angle measurement, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The antibacterial activity of super-hydrophobic coating Ag/TiO2 nanotubes is investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, the super-hydrophobic coating on Ag/TiO2 nanotubes shows a regularly arranged structure; and nano-Ag particles (10-30 nm) are evenly distributed on the surface or inside the nanotubes. The contact angles of water on the super-hydrophobic coating Ag/TiO2 nanotubes are all above 150°. In addition, the super-hydrophobic character displays a certain conserved effect that contributes to the sustained release of Ag. The super-hydrophobic Ag/TiO2 nanotubes are also effective in inhibiting bacterial adhesion, killing the adhering bacteria and preventing postoperative infection in rabbits. Therefore, it is expected that the super-hydrophobic Ag/TiO2 nanotubes which can contain the release of Ag, leading to stable release, may show a consistent surface antibacterial capability. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1004-1012, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Licheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Lihai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Houchen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics & Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
authors.forename: Changjian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Peifu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008297:Male; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000254:growth & development*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; C009495:titanium dioxide; D012834:Silver; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Ag/TiO2 nanotubes; antibacterial activity; bacterial adhesion; silver release; super-hydrophobic