title: Correlation of magnesium deficiency with C-reactive protein in elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass for ischemic heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiac surgery is associated with systemic inflammatory response, which is triggered by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and possibly with underlying magnesium deficiency. Animal studies have shown that magnesium deficiency intensifies oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. We aimed to find a link between serum, erythrocyte, cardiac tissue magnesium concentration and C-reactive protein (CRP) as an inflammatory marker in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data of 27 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB for ischemic heart disease were analyzed. Measurements were taken at the baseline, i.e., 24 h before surgery (serum magnesium, CRP); time point 1, before CPB (serum, erythrocyte and cardiac tissue magnesium); time point 2, after CPB (serum, erythrocyte and cardiac tissue magnesium), and time point 3, 15-17 h after surgery (serum, erythrocyte magnesium, CRP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a negative correlation between baseline serum magnesium and baseline CRP (P=0.009; r=-0.492), negative correlation between cardiac tissue magnesium at the time point 1 and baseline CRP (P=0.021; r=-0.443), and positive correlation between CRP at time point 3 and erythrocyte magnesium at time point 2 (P<0.001; r=0.637).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data of our study verify that inflammatory marker CRP and magnesium concentration in serum and cardiac tissue before the surgery are inversely related in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB. Well-planned further studies are needed to evaluate the importance of underlying magnesium deficiency on the severity of systemic inflammatory response and postoperative complications after surgery with CPB.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: mmasiokaite@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Milda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Švagždienė
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Edmundas
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Širvinskas
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Dalė
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baranauskienė
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Dalia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Adukauskienė
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: C-reactive protein; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Coronary bypass graft surgery; Ischemic heart disease; Magnesium concentration