title: Seroprevalence of 10 human papillomavirus types in the general rural population of Anyang, China: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Data on the seroprevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in China are limited. The objective of this study was to characterise the serological profiles of HPV infection in a rural Chinese population and help establish effective vaccine policy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum antibodies against the major capsid protein L1 of 10 HPV types (HPV-3, 6, 11, 16, 18, 45, 52, 57, 58 and 75) were evaluated with Luminex-based multiplex serology in a population-based study of 5548 adults (including 1587 couples) aged 25-65 years enrolled from rural Anyang, China, in 2007-2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The seroprevalence for any HPV type and any of the types HPV-6/11/16/18 was 64.8% and 34.4%, respectively. 30.3% of adults were seropositive for any mucosal high-risk (HR) HPV, and HPV-58 (10.6%), HPV-16 (9.7%) and HPV-18 (9.3%) were the three most common types. 24.8% of seropositive individuals were positive for multiple mucosal HR-HPV serotypes. Seroprevalence for most HPV types was similar among men and women. While mucosal low-risk HPV seropositivity was found to significantly decrease with age, the prevalence of antibodies to mucosal HR antigens showed a general trend of increase with age. The lifetime number of sex partners was independently associated with mucosal HR-HPV seropositivity. Positive correlation of spousal seropositivity was observed for mucosal HPV but not for cutaneous HPV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPV infection was common in both men and women in rural China. HPV seroprevalence differed significantly with age, sexual behaviour and spousal infection status. These findings will be useful for evaluating and establishing HPV vaccination programmes.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chanyuan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2803-673X
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiuju
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhonghu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Longfu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yaqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuanhai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ruiping
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D052685:Alphapapillomavirus; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000276:immunology; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012725:Sexual Behavior
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins
keywords: ANTIBODIES; CHINA; HPV; SEROPREVALENCE; VACCINATION