title: Metabolomic analysis to define and compare the effects of PAHs and oxygenated PAHs in developing zebrafish.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated derivatives are ubiquitously present in diesel exhaust, atmospheric particulate matter and soils sampled in urban areas. Therefore, inhalation or non-dietary ingestion of both PAHs and oxy-PAHs are major routes of exposure for people; especially young children living in these localities. While there has been extensive research on the parent PAHs, limited studies exist on the biological effects of oxy-PAHs which have been shown to be more soluble and more mobile in the environment. Additionally, investigations comparing the metabolic responses resulting from parent PAHs and oxy-PAHs exposures have not been reported. To address these current gaps, an untargeted metabolomics approach was conducted to examine the in vivo metabolomic profiles of developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to 4 µM of benz[a]anthracene (BAA) or benz[a]anthracene-7,12-dione (BAQ). By integrating multivariate, univariate and pathway analyses, a total of 63 metabolites were significantly altered after 5 days of exposure. The marked perturbations revealed that both BAA and BAQ affect protein biosynthesis, mitochondrial function, neural development, vascular development and cardiac function. Our previous transcriptomic and genomic data were incorporated in this metabolomics study to provide a more comprehensive view of the relationship between PAH and oxy-PAH exposures on vertebrate development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States. Electronic address: eliem@onid.oregonstate.edu.
authors.forename: Marc R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Elie
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
authors.forename: Jaewoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO 80045, United States.
authors.forename: Yasmeen M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Nkrumah-Elie
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Gonnerman
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
authors.forename: Jan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States. Electronic address: robert.tanguay@oregonstate.edu.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Tanguay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D055432:Metabolomics; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Exposure; Metabolomics; Oxy-PAHs; PAHs; Zebrafish