title: Tobacco control campaign in Uruguay: Impact on smoking cessation during pregnancy and birth weight.
abstract: We analyzed a nationwide registry of all pregnancies in Uruguay during 2007-2013 to assess the impact of three types of tobacco control policies: (1) provider-level interventions aimed at the treatment of nicotine dependence, (2) national-level increases in cigarette taxes, and (3) national-level non-price regulation of cigarette packaging and marketing. We estimated models of smoking cessation during pregnancy at the individual, provider and national levels. The rate of smoking cessation during pregnancy increased from 15.4% in 2007 to 42.7% in 2013. National-level non-price policies had the largest estimated impact on cessation. The price response of the tobacco industry attenuated the effects of tax increases. While provider-level interventions had a significant effect, they were adopted by relatively few health centers. Quitting during pregnancy increased birth weight by an estimated 188 g. Tobacco control measures had no effect on the birth weight of newborns of non-smoking women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Electronic address: jeffrey@mit.edu.
authors.forename: Jeffrey E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Economía, Universidad de Montevideo, Montevideo 11500, Uruguay. Electronic address: abalsa@um.edu.uy.
authors.forename: Ana Inés
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Balsa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11200, Uruguay. Electronic address: patricia.triunfo@cienciassociales.edu.uy.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Triunfo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000329:Advertising / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D033161:Government Regulation; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D019064:Product Packaging / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012042:Registries; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D013660:Taxes; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D014583:Uruguay
keywords: Advertising bans; Cigarette taxes; Economic evaluation; Package warnings; Tobacco control