title: Clinical evaluation of a new pupil independent diffractive multifocal intraocular lens with a +2.75 D near addition: a European multicentre study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical outcomes after cataract surgery with implantation of a new diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with a lower near addition (+2.75 D.).
  
  
  METHODS
  143 eyes of 85 patients aged between 40 years and 83 years that underwent cataract surgery with implantation of the multifocal IOL (MIOL) Tecnis ZKB00 (Abbott Medical Optics,Santa Ana, California, USA) were evaluated. Changes in uncorrected (uncorrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity, uncorrected near visual acuity) and corrected (corrected distance visual acuity, corrected near visual acuity) logMAR distance, intermediate visual acuity and near visual acuity, as well as manifest refraction were evaluated during a 3-month follow-up. Additionally, patients were asked about photic phenomena and spectacle dependence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative spherical equivalent was within ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D of emmetropia in 78.1% and 98.4% of eyes, respectively. Postoperative mean monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected near visual acuity and uncorrected intermediate visual acuity was 0.20 LogMAR or better in 73.7%, 81.1% and 83.9% of eyes, respectively. All eyes achieved monocular corrected distance visual acuity of 0.30 LogMAR or better. A total of 100% of patients referred to be at least moderately happy with the outcomes of the surgery. Only 15.3% of patients required the use of spectacles for some daily activities postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introduction of low add MIOLs follows a trend to increase intermediate visual acuity. In this study a near add of +2.75 D still reaches satisfying near results and leads to high patient satisfaction for intermediate visual acuity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, International Vision Correction Research Centre & David J Apple International Laboratory for Ocular Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian T A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-2187
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Kretz
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik Ahaus-Raesfeld-Rheine, Ahaus, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerl
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik Ahaus-Raesfeld-Rheine, Ahaus, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gerl
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik Ahaus-Raesfeld-Rheine, Ahaus, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, International Vision Correction Research Centre & David J Apple International Laboratory for Ocular Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerd U
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Auffarth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001699:Biometry; D019923:Capsulorhexis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Diagnostic tests/Investigation; Treatment Surgery; Vision