title: Change in ocean subsurface environment to suppress tropical cyclone intensification under global warming.
abstract: Tropical cyclones (TCs) are hazardous natural disasters. Because TC intensification is significantly controlled by atmosphere and ocean environments, changes in these environments may cause changes in TC intensity. Changes in surface and subsurface ocean conditions can both influence a TC's intensification. Regarding global warming, minimal exploration of the subsurface ocean has been undertaken. Here we investigate future subsurface ocean environment changes projected by 22 state-of-the-art climate models and suggest a suppressive effect of subsurface oceans on the intensification of future TCs. Under global warming, the subsurface vertical temperature profile can be sharpened in important TC regions, which may contribute to a stronger ocean coupling (cooling) effect during the intensification of future TCs. Regarding a TC, future subsurface ocean environments may be more suppressive than the existing subsurface ocean environments. This suppressive effect is not spatially uniform and may be weak in certain local areas.
authors.affiliation: 1] Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China [2] Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.identifier: 0000000178918848
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Rong-Hui
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Huang