title: Changes in secondary metabolic profiles of Microcystis aeruginosa strains in response to intraspecific interactions.
abstract: The cyanobacteria Microcystis proliferate in freshwater ecosystems and produce bioactive compounds including the harmful toxins microcystins (MC). These secondary metabolites play an important role in shaping community composition through biotic interactions although their role and mode of regulation are poorly understood. As natural cyanobacterial populations include producing and non-producing strains, we tested if the production of a range of peptides by coexisting cells could be regulated through intraspecific interactions. With an innovative co-culturing chamber together with advanced mass spectrometry (MS) techniques, we monitored the growth and compared the metabolic profiles of a MC-producing as well as two non-MC-producing Microcystis strains under mono- and co-culture conditions. In monocultures, these strains grew comparably; however, the non-MC-producing mutant produced higher concentrations of cyanopeptolins, aerucyclamides and aeruginosins than the wild type. Physiological responses to co-culturing were reflected in a quantitative change in the production of the major peptides. Using a MS/MS-based molecular networking approach, we identified new analogues of known classes of peptides as well as new compounds. This work provides new insights into the factors that regulate the production of MC and other secondary metabolites in cyanobacteria, and suggests interchangeable or complementary functions allowing bloom-forming cyanobacteria to efficiently colonize and dominate in fluctuating aquatic environments.
authors.affiliation: UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, University of Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France.|Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Enora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Briand
authors.affiliation: UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, University of Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bormans
authors.affiliation: Collection of Cyanobacteria, Institut Pasteur, 75724, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gugger
authors.affiliation: Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.|Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Pieter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Dorrestein
authors.affiliation: Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.|Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Gerwick
mesh_terms: D018920:Coculture Techniques; D017753:Ecosystem; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology; D055442:Metabolome / Q000502:physiology; D052998:Microcystins / Q000378:metabolism*; D046931:Microcystis / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000378:metabolism*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D052998:Microcystins; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C078588:microcystin