title: Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic and renal damages in rat: inhibitory effects of cacao polyphenol.
abstract: Here, we investigated the protective effect of cacao polyphenol extract (CPE) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepato-renal oxidative stress in rats. Rats were administered CPE for 7 days and then received intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. Two hours after injection, we found that CCl4 treatment significantly increased biochemical injury markers, lipid peroxides (phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) and malondialdehyde (MDA)) and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in kidney rather than liver, suggesting that kidney is more vulnerable to oxidative stress under the present experimental conditions. CPE supplementation significantly reduced these changes, indicating that this compound has antioxidant properties against CCl4-induced oxidative stress. An inhibitory effect of CPE on CCl4-induced CYP2E1 mRNA degradation may provide an explanation for CPE antioxidant property. Together, these results provide quantitative evidence of the in vivo antioxidant properties of CPE, especially in terms of PCOOH and MDA levels in the kidneys of CCl4-treated rats.
authors.affiliation: a Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Taiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002099:Cacao / Q000737:chemistry*; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D005978:Glutathione / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C057590:phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: cacao polyphenol; carbon tetrachloride; cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1); glutathione peroxidase; lipid peroxide