title: 1,3-Butadiene, CML and the t(9:22) translocation: A reality check.
abstract: Epidemiological studies of 1,3-butadiene have suggest that exposures to humans are associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). CML has a well-documented association with ionizing radiation, but reports of associations with chemical exposures have been questioned. Ionizing radiation is capable of inducing the requisite CML-associated t(9:22) translocation (Philadelphia chromosome) in appropriate cells in vitro but, thus far, chemicals have not shown this capacity. We have proposed that 1,3-butadiene metabolites be so tested as a reality check on the epidemiological reports. In order to conduct reliable testing in this regard, it is essential that a positive control for induction be available. We have used ionizing radiation to develop such a control. Results described here demonstrate that this agent does in fact induce pathogenic t(9:22) translocations in a human myeloid cell line in vitro, but does so at low frequencies. Conditions that will be required for studies of 1,3-butadiene are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States. Electronic address: ralbert315@aol.com.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Albertini
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Biomedical Informatics Unit, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
authors.forename: Elizabeth W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
authors.forename: Janice A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nicklas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States; Medical Biostatistics Unit, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
authors.forename: Pamela M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Vacek
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
authors.forename: Vernon E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D002070:Butadienes / Q000633:toxicity*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000235:genetics*; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D010677:Philadelphia Chromosome / Q000187:drug effects*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; C031763:1,3-butadiene
keywords: 1,3-Butadiene; BCR-ABL; CML; HL60; Radiation; t(9:22)