title: Burden of chronic kidney disease in an urban city of Pakistan, a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in an urban city and to assess the risk factors associated with the condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cross-sectional study was carried out from June to December 2012 by arranging health camps for asymptomatic population in Karachi at busy shopping areas frequented by people of all socioeconomic classes. The camps provided free screening tests for the general public. Serum creatinine was checked and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. SPSS 17 was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 301 subjects who came to the camps, 293(97%) had their serum creatinine checked. The age range was 30-80 years. Chronic Kidney Disease was found in 75(25.60%)subjects. A significant relationship was found between the disease and Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension (p=0.006). There was also a significant relationship between Hypertension and Diabetes with mean Glomerular Filtration Rate (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In view of the prevalence rate of Chronic Kidney Disease, early screening and risk factor stratification is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Medical College, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Sehyr
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imran
authors.affiliation: Medical College, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.affiliation: Medical College, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: ZebIjaz
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.affiliation: Medical College, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Sarosh Ahmed
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Medical College, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Ali Osama
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Junaid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Waqar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kashif
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Ather
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Chronic kidney disease, End-stage renal disease, Glomerularfiltration rate.