title: Executive function in children with externalizing and comorbid internalizing behavior problems.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of this study is to investigate differences in executive function (EF) in children with different levels of disruptive behavior problems (DBP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three children between 7 and 12 years old with DBP were compared to 63 normally developing peers on a battery of EF tasks that varied in the amount of required emotion regulation ('hot' EF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences in EF were found between DBP and comparison groups as indexed by hot EF tasks. Self-reported emotion scales, in conjunction with physiological recordings of heart rate, confirmed that emotions were elicited during hot EF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that difficulties in hot EF underlie externalizing problem behaviors in middle childhood.
authors.affiliation: Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.|Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Woltering
authors.affiliation: Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lishak
authors.affiliation: Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.affiliation: Developmental Psychopathology Department, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Isabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Granic
authors.affiliation: College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Philip David
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Zelazo
keywords: Behaviour problems; child development; emotion regulation; executive function; individual differences