title: Characterization of hamster NAD+-dependent 3(17)β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase belonging to the aldo-keto reductase 1C subfamily.
abstract: The cDNAs for morphine 6-dehydrogenase (AKR1C34) and its homologous aldo-keto reductase (AKR1C35) were cloned from golden hamster liver, and their enzymatic properties and tissue distribution were compared. AKR1C34 and AKR1C35 similarly oxidized various xenobiotic alicyclic alcohols using NAD(+), but differed in their substrate specificity for hydroxysteroids and inhibitor sensitivity. While AKR1C34 showed 3α/17β/20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities, AKR1C35 efficiently oxidized various 3β- and 17β-hydroxysteroids, including biologically active 3β-hydroxy-5α/β-dihydro-C19/C21-steroids, dehydroepiandrosterone and 17β-estradiol. AKR1C35 also differed from AKR1C34 in its high sensitivity to flavonoids, which inhibited competitively with respect to 17β-estradiol (Ki 0.11-0.69 μM). The mRNA for AKR1C35 was expressed liver-specific in male hamsters and ubiquitously in female hamsters, whereas the expression of the mRNA for AKR1C34 displayed opposite sexual dimorphism. Because AKR1C35 is the first 317Β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE IN THE AKR SUPERFAMILY: , we also investigated the molecular determinants for the 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity by replacement of Val54 and Cys310 in AKR1C35 with the corresponding residues in AKR1C34, Ala and Phe, respectively. The mutation of Val54Ala, but not Cys310Phe, significantly impaired this activity, suggesting that Val54 plays a critical role in recognition of the steroidal substrate.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and.
authors.forename: Misato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikari
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan;
authors.forename: Kenjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tatematsu
authors.affiliation: Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; and.
authors.forename: Ossama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: El-Kabbani
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitade
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and matsunagat@gifu-pu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
mesh_terms: D015067:17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004960:Estradiol Dehydrogenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D007527:Isoenzymes; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D009243:NAD; D015067:17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C045221:morphine 6-dehydrogenase; C044256:3 (or 17)-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; D004960:Estradiol Dehydrogenases
keywords: 3(17)β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; aldo-keto reductase; flavonoid; morphine 6-dehydrogenase; sexually dimorphic expression