title: Study of cellulolytic enzyme immobilization on copolymers of N-vinylformamide.
abstract: This study was focused on finding of effective carriers suitable for the immobilization of cellulase. Copolymers of N-vinylformamide (NFV) and divinylbenzene (DVB) were synthesized by free radical crosslinking polymerization in inverse suspension. Methyl silicone oil was used as the continuous phase. Three polymeric carriers based on P(NVF-co-DVB) with varying degrees of crosslinking and spherical particles with different grain sizes were obtained. The formamide groups in these carriers were hydrolyzed to amino groups, yielding three P(VAm-co-DVB) polymers with vinylamine units. Enzyme, cellulase (Novozym® 476), was immobilized onto carriers with vinylamine (through glutaraldehyde) and vinylformamide groups (without glutaraldehyde). The efficiency of the enzyme immobilization was determined based on the enzymatic activity of the enzyme during the catalytic reaction relative to that of the native enzyme. All tested carriers were found to be effective carriers for the immobilization of cellulase. However, the catalytic activity of cellulase immobilized on the P(VAM-co-DVB0.27)/2000/350 carrier was higher than that for the native enzyme. In addition, two molecular spectroscopy methods, Fourier-transform absorption infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy (FT-Raman), were used to analyze the carriers. These studies provided complete information regarding the structure of the studied copolymers.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, ul. Reymonta 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tąta
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sokołowska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Świder
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Agriculture, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konieczna-Molenda
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, ul. Reymonta 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: proniewi@agh.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Edyta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Proniewicz
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Witek
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry*; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D058105:Polymerization; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D011145:Polyvinyls; C512586:poly(N-vinylformamide); D002482:Cellulose; D002480:Cellulase; C109691:microcrystalline cellulose
keywords: Divinylbenzene, DVB; Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy, FT-RS; Fourier-transform absorption infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR; Microcrystalline cellulose hydrolysis; N-vinylformamide, NVF; Novozym® 476 cellulases