title: A new large-volume metal reference standard for radioactive waste management.
abstract: A new large-volume metal reference standard has been developed. The intended use is for calibration of free-release radioactivity measurement systems and is made up of cast iron tubes placed inside a box of the size of a Euro-pallet (80 × 120 cm). The tubes contain certified activity concentrations of (60)Co (0.290 ± 0.006 Bq g(-1)) and (110m)Ag (3.05 ± 0.09 Bq g(-1)) (reference date: 30 September 2013). They were produced using centrifugal casting from a smelt into which (60)Co was first added and then one piece of neutron irradiated silver wire was progressively diluted. The iron castings were machined to the desirable dimensions. The final material consists of 12 iron tubes of 20 cm outer diameter, 17.6 cm inner diameter, 40 cm length/height and 245.9 kg total mass. This paper describes the reference standard and the process of determining the reference activity values.
authors.affiliation: EC-JRC-IRMM, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Retieseweg 111, Geel 2440, Belgium Present address: EC-JRC-ITU, Institute for Transuranium Elements, PO Box 2340, Karlsruhe 76125, Germany faidra.tzika@ec.europa.eu.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tzika
authors.affiliation: EC-JRC-IRMM, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Retieseweg 111, Geel 2440, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hult
authors.affiliation: EC-JRC-IRMM, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Retieseweg 111, Geel 2440, Belgium.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stroh
authors.affiliation: EC-JRC-IRMM, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Retieseweg 111, Geel 2440, Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marissens
authors.affiliation: PTB, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, Braunschweig 38116, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: PTB, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, Braunschweig 38116, Germany.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Burda
authors.affiliation: CMI, Czech Metrology Institute, Radiová 1a, Praha 10 102 00, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kovář
authors.affiliation: CMI, Czech Metrology Institute, Radiová 1a, Praha 10 102 00, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suran
authors.affiliation: NCBJ, Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych RC POLATOM, ul. Andrzeja Sołtana 7, Otwock-Świerk 05-400, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Listkowska
authors.affiliation: NCBJ, Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych RC POLATOM, ul. Andrzeja Sołtana 7, Otwock-Świerk 05-400, Poland.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tyminski
mesh_terms: D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011850:Radioactive Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012834:Silver / Q000032:analysis*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D012834:Silver