title: [Significance of carbonic anhydrase IX protein in fibrotic foci of mammary invasive ductal carcinomas].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationship between fibrotic focus (FF) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX in invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) of the breast.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 167 cases of IDC, the FF was assessed morphologically, and expression of ER, PR and CA IX was evaluated using MaxVision immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of CA IX in IDC with and without FF was 56.3% (45/80) and 28.7% (25/87) respectively, with significant difference (P=0.001). In IDC with FF, the CA IX expression of tumor cells in tumors with CA IX-positive fibroblasts (35/40, 87.5%) was significantly (P<0.001) higher than that in tumors with CA IX-negative fibroblasts (10/40, 25.0%). In IDC with FF, the CA IX expression of fibroblasts of FF in grade 3 IDC (23/33, 69.7%) was significantly (P=0.006) higher than that in grade 1+2 tumors (17/47, 36.2%). The ER and PR expression of tumor cells in tumors containing CA IX-negative fibroblasts was 72.5% (29/40) and 65.0% (26/40) respectively, whereas the ER and PR expression of tumor cells in tumors containing CA IX-positive fibroblasts was 50.0% (20/40) and 42.5% (17/40) respectively; the difference was statistically significant (for both ER and PR, P=0.04). The age of patients with tumors containing CA IX-negative fibroblasts was significantly (P=0.002) older than those containing CA IX-positive fibroblasts. The FF diameter/tumor diameter in tumors containing CA IX-positive fibroblasts was significantly larger than those containing CA IX-negative fibroblasts. (3) For the groups of tumor size≤2 cm and tumor size between 2 cm to 5 cm, the diameter of the fibrotic focus was significantly (P<0.01) smaller than the fibrotic focus size of tumors>5 cm in size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CA IX expression is correlated with FF, and that in fibroblasts of FF correlated with patients' age, tumor grade, hormone receptors and FF diameter/tumor diameter. CA IX expression in FF might be a marker for poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China.
authors.forename: Meiping
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China; E-mail: BL8265@163.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China.
authors.forename: Hongguang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China.
authors.forename: Huiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China.
authors.forename: Wenshun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China.
authors.forename: Lifang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases