title: Merging worlds of nanomaterials and biological environment: factors governing protein corona formation on nanoparticles and its biological consequences.
abstract: Protein corona has became a prevalent subject in the field of nanomedicine owing to its diverse role in determining the efficiency, efficacy, and the ultimate biological fate of the nanomaterials used as a tool to treat and diagnose various diseases. For instance, protein corona formation on the surface of nanoparticles can modify its physicochemical properties and interfere with its intended functionalities in the biological microenvironments. As such, much emphasis should be placed in understanding these complex phenomena that occur at the bio-nano interface. The main aim of this review is to present different factors that are influencing protein-nanoparticle interaction such as physicochemical properties of nanoparticle (i.e., size and size distribution, shape, composition, surface chemistry, and coatings) and the effect of biological microenvironments. Apart from that, the effect of ignored factors at the bio-nano interface such as temperature, plasma concentration, plasma gradient effect, administration route, and cell observer were also addressed.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Foroozandeh
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia ; Nano-Biotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Azlan Abdul
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Aziz
keywords: Bio-nano interface; Ignored factors; Nanoparticle; Protein corona