title: Effects of palatable cafeteria diet on cognitive and noncognitive behaviors and brain neurotrophins' levels in mice.
abstract: The consumption of palatable high-fat and high-sugar foods have increased dramatically over the past years. Overconsumption of calorically dense food contributes to increasing rates of overweight and obesity that are associated with psychiatry disorders, in particular mood and anxiety disorders. This study evaluated the impact of palatable cafeteria diet (CAF) intake on cognitive and noncognitive behaviors, as well as identified factors related to these behaviors through an evaluation of brain neurotrophic factor (BDNF, NGF, and GDNF) levels in hippocampus of mice. Male Swiss mice received two different diets during 13 weeks: standard chow (STA) and highly CAF. Posteriorly, forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), plus-maze test (PMT), open-field tests (OFT), and object recognition task (ORT) were utilized as behavioral tests. In addition, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and nerve growth factor (NGF) neurotrophins' levels were evaluated in hippocampus of mice. The results demonstrated that mice from the CAF group showed a decrease in the immobility time in the FST and TST. Besides, mice in the CAF group spent more time in the open arms of the PMT. No significant differences were observed in the cognitive behaviors, which were evaluated in the OFT and ORT. In addition, the CAF group showed that BDNF and NGF protein levels increased in the hippocampus of mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that the consumption of palatable high-fat and high-sugar foods induces antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like behaviors, which can be related with BDNF and NGF expression increases in hippocampus of mice in the CAF group.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil, daniela_leffa@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Daniela D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Leffa
authors.forename: Samira S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Valvassori
authors.forename: Roger B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Varela
authors.forename: Jésica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopes-Borges
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Daumann
authors.forename: Luiza M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Longaretti
authors.forename: Ana Luiza F
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dajori
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quevedo
authors.forename: Vanessa M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Andrade
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor