title: Optogenetics and deep brain stimulation neurotechnologies.
abstract: Brain neural network is composed of densely packed, intricately wired neurons whose activity patterns ultimately give rise to every behavior, thought, or emotion that we experience. Over the past decade, a novel neurotechnique, optogenetics that combines light and genetic methods to control or monitor neural activity patterns, has proven to be revolutionary in understanding the functional role of specific neural circuits. We here briefly describe recent advance in optogenetics and compare optogenetics with deep brain stimulation technology that holds the promise for treating many neurological and psychiatric disorders.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Krishnakanth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kondabolu
authors.forename: Marek Mateusz
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: Erik Andrew
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003071:Cognition; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology; D062308:Optogenetics; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012243:Rhodopsin