title: Modified surgical techniques for total alloplastic temporomandibular joint replacement: One institution's experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present three modified techniques of total alloplastic temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJ TJR) and to evaluate the outcomes regarding prosthesis stability and heterotopic bone formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 15 patients (19 joints), treated with the Biomet stock prosthesis from May 2006 to May 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical procedures were performed with the following three modifications: bone grafting of the glenoid fossa; salvage of TMJ discs; and harvesting of retro-mandibular subcutaneous fats. The glenoid fossa depth was measured preoperatively by Surgicase 5.0 software. All patients were evaluated by radiographic examination and surgical observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fossa was grafted with an autogenous bone in 15 joints (78.9%). In 4 joints (21.1%), only bone repair was performed. Radiographic evaluation revealed a good integration between the autogenous and host bones. All patients showed postoperative occlusal stability. In 5 joints (26.3%), the discs were salvaged. Both bleeding and operation time were reduced. Fat grafts were harvested in 17 joints (89.5%), in which there were no abnormalities in the periprosthetic bone structure. In 2 joints (10.5%), with no fat grafting, heterotopic bone formation was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified techniques of TJR help to improve prostheses stability, reducing heterotopic bone formation and avoiding additional scars.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: ShanYong
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: yangchi63@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: XiaoHu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China; Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdelrehem
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: JiSi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: ZiXian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: MinJie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: YaTing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement / Q000379:methods*; D064592:Autografts / Q000637:transplantation; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000517:prevention & control; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D060489:Prosthesis Retention; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000637:transplantation; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000601:surgery; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000601:surgery; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Modified Surgical techniques; Temporomandibular Joint; Total joint replacement