title: Effects of Preretirement Work Complexity and Postretirement Leisure Activity on Cognitive Aging.
abstract: We examined the influence of postretirement leisure activity on longitudinal associations between work complexity in main lifetime occupation and trajectories of cognitive change before and after retirement.
  
  
  
  Information on complexity of work with data, people, and things, leisure activity participation in older adulthood, and four cognitive factors (verbal, spatial, memory, and speed) was available from 421 individuals in the longitudinal Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging. Participants were followed for an average of 14.2 years (SD = 7.1 years) and up to 23 years across eight cognitive assessments. Most of the sample (88.6%) completed at least three cognitive assessments.
  
  
  
  Results of growth curve analyses indicated that higher complexity of work with people significantly attenuated cognitive aging in verbal skills, memory, and speed of processing controlling for age, sex, and education. When leisure activity was added, greater cognitive and physical leisure activity was associated with reduced cognitive aging in verbal skills, speed of processing, and memory (for cognitive activity only).
  
  
  
  Engagement in cognitive or physical leisure activities in older adulthood may compensate for cognitive disadvantage potentially imposed by working in occupations that offer fewer cognitive challenges. These results may provide a platform to encourage leisure activity participation in those retiring from less complex occupations.
authors.affiliation: University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida. International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic. randel@usf.edu.
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andel
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Indiana University Southeast, New Albany.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Finkel
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Nancy L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000066492:Cognitive Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012179:Retirement; D014937:Work
keywords: Cognitive aging; Growth curve analysis; Leisure activity; Retirement; Work complexity