title: Mutagenicity and chemopreventive activities of Astronium species assessed by Ames test.
abstract: In the neotropical savannah, Astronium species are used in popular medicine to treat allergies, inflammation, diarrhea and ulcers. Given that natural products are promising starting points for the discovery of novel potentially therapeutic agents, the aim of the present study was to investigate the mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of hydroalcoholic extracts of Astronium spp. The mutagenicity was determined by the Ames test on Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA97a, TA100 and TA102. The antimutagenicity was tested against the direct-acting and indirect-acting mutagens. The results showed that none of the extracts induce any increase in the number of revertants, demonstrating the absence of mutagenic activity. On the other hand, the results on the antimutagenic potential showed a moderate inhibitory effect against NPD and a strong protective effect against B[a]P and AFB1. This study highlights the importance of screening species of Astronium for new medicinal compounds. The promising results obtained open up new avenues for further study and provide a better understanding the mechanisms by which these species act in protecting DNA from damage. However, further pharmacological and toxicological investigations of crude extracts of Astronium spp., as well as of its secondary metabolites, are necessary to determine the mechanism(s) of action to guarantee their safer and more effective application to human health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Centro Universitário de Araraquara, UNIARA, CEP 14801-340 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-902 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: flaviabiomed@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Flávia Aparecida
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-902 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Debora Leite
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute of Araraquara, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-970 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Viviane Cândida
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-902 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rone Aparecido
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: De Grandis
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute of Araraquara, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-970 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Perez
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute of Araraquara, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-970 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Sérgio
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Leonardo Junior
authors.affiliation: UNESP-São Paulo State University, Experimental Campus of the Paulista Coast, CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Quintino
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute of Araraquara, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-970 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lourdes Campaner
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: UNESP-São Paulo State University, Experimental Campus of the Paulista Coast, CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vilegas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-902 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana Aparecida
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Varanda
mesh_terms: D027926:Anacardiaceae; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Ames test; Antimutagenicity; Astronium spp.; Mutagenicity