title: Classification of Chinese Honeys According to Their Floral Origins Using Elemental and Stable Isotopic Compositions.
abstract: The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of multi-isotopic and elemental analyses combined with chemometric techniques for differentiating the botanical origins of major honey products in China. The stable isotope and elemental compositions of 57 honey samples from four major floral origins in China (i.e., rape honey, acacia honey, vitex honey, and jujube honey) were analyzed using stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. The results showed that hydrogen and oxygen isotopes could be more suitable than the carbon isotope for discriminating the floral origins of major honeys in China. There were significant differences in the contents of most elements between or among different floral origins. The combination of IRMS and ICP-MS methods provides the most effective and accurate approach (in most cases close to 100% accuracy) for classifying Chinese honeys according to their floral origins.
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Zhaobin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|§Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products, Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Lanzhen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|§Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products, Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|§Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products, Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|§Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products, Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: #Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: ⊥Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.|ΔGraduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Guanghui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification; D013058:Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes
keywords: ICP-MS; IRMS; chemometric techniques; floral origins; honey