title: Clinical simulation of aortic valve: a narrative review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  About 30 percent of the worldwide death is due to cardiovascular diseases. Clinical simulation is a promising filed that can help to understand diseases, their nature and intervention's effects. The simulated models are flexible and make it easy to study the changes' effects and help to select the appropriate interventions. This narrative review aims to report common methods for the clinical simulation and its merits focusing on the cardiovascular field especially those pertaining to the aortic valve.
  
  
  METHODS
  The search was conducted on google scholar and PubMed in August and September of 2014 with three queries' categories. We searched among English papers with no limitation on the published year. A qualitative-interpretive approach was used for data extraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) is used to simulate and study body structures, systems and their common phenomena. Its two common methods for cardiovascular simulations are Finite Element Method (FEM) and Finite Volume Method (FVM). There were two kinds of the aortic valve simulation: dry models and Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) models. Unlike the dry model, FSI models consider the interaction between blood flow and tissue. Clinical simulation is a promising field allowing statistical analysis and can be used in clinical decision support systems (CDSS) or as a virtual experimental platform as a training system.
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: E Ebrahimi
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Miandehi
authors.affiliation: Kordestan University of Medical Sciences, Tohid hospital, Department of cardiac surgery.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Aazami
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niazmand
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mesri
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deyranlou
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eslami
mesh_terms: D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D003198:Computer Simulation; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D033262:Narration; D011312:Pressure; D012212:Rheology / Q000379:methods*; D033081:Shear Strength