title: A randomized controlled exercise training trial on insulin sensitivity in African American men: The ARTIIS study: Major category: study design, statistical design, study protocols.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lack of regular physical activity at prescribed intensity levels is a modifiable risk factor for insulin resistance and the development of diabetes. African American men are at increased risk for developing diabetes and most African American men are not meeting the current recommended levels of physical activity. The primary objective of the Aerobic Plus Resistance Training and Insulin Resistance in African American Men (ARTIIS) study is to determine the effectiveness of an exercise training intervention aimed at reducing diabetes risk factors in African American men at risk for developing diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Insufficiently active 35-70 year old African American men with a family history of diabetes were eligible for the study. The 5-month randomized controlled trial assigns 116 men to an exercise training or healthy living control arm. The exercise training arm combines aerobic and resistance training according to the current national physical activity recommendations and is conducted in community (YMCA) facilities. The healthy living arm receives information promoting healthy lifestyle changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Insulin response to an oral glucose load is the primary outcome measure, and changes in physiological parameters, cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, body composition, and psychological well-being comprise the secondary outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ARTIIS study is one of the first adequately powered, rigorously designed studies to investigate the effects of an aerobic plus resistance exercise training program and to assess adherence to exercise training in community facilities, in African American men.
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA. Electronic address: Robert.Newton@pbrc.edu.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA. Electronic address: William.Johnson@pbrc.edu.
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA. Electronic address: Chelsea.Hendrick@pbrc.edu.
authors.forename: Chelsea
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hendrick
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA. Electronic address: Melissa.Harris@pbrc.edu.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA. Electronic address: Emanuel.Andrews@pbrc.edu.
authors.forename: Emanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; Louisiana State University, 112 Huey P. Long Field House, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA. Electronic address: njohan1@lsu.edu.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Johannsen
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; ACAP Health, 12712 Park Central Dr., Suite 100, Dallas, TX 75251, USA. Electronic address: RRodarte@acaphealth.com.
authors.forename: Ruben Q
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Rodarte
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University, 112 Huey P. Long Field House, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA. Electronic address: Daniel.Hsia@pbrc.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; ACAP Health, 12712 Park Central Dr., Suite 100, Dallas, TX 75251, USA. Electronic address: Timothy.Church@pbrc.edu.
authors.forename: Timothy S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Church
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012107:Research Design; D055070:Resistance Training; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: African American; Community; Diabetes risk; Exercise training; Male