title: Toxicity assessment of 2,4-D and MCPA herbicides in primary culture of fish hepatic cells.
abstract: In this study, we used primary cultures of fish hepatic cells as a tool for evaluating the effects of environmental contamination. Primary hepatic cell cultures derived from the subtropical fish Metynnis roosevelti were exposed to different concentrations (0.275, 2.75 and 27.5 μg L(-1)) of the herbicides 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA). Cellular respiratory activity was evaluated by polarography using three substrates: 0.5 M glucose, 0.5 M succinate and 0.5 M α-ketoglutarate. Significant changes were observed in cellular oxygen consumption with 0.5 M α-ketoglutarate. Even at low concentrations, 2,4-D and MCPA were potent uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. Primary cultures of M. roosevelti liver cells may provide a useful tool for the evaluation of environmental contaminant effects. A review of regulations regarding permitted concentrations of these herbicides is needed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cell and Developmental Biology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lígia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Salvo
authors.forename: Maria Ivette C
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Malucelli
authors.forename: José Roberto M C
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Geraldo C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Alberton
authors.forename: Helena C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Silva De Assis
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D008456:2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D060126:Characidae / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007656:Ketoglutaric Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D011048:Polarography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D007656:Ketoglutaric Acids; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; D008456:2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid
keywords: 2; 4-D); 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA); 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2; Herbicide; fish cell culture; polarographic methods