title: Novel database for exposure to fragrance ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products.
abstract: Exposure of fragrance ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products to the population can be determined by way of a detailed and robust survey. The frequency and combinations of products used at specific times during the day will allow the estimation of aggregate exposure for an individual consumer, and to the sample population. In the present study, habits and practices of personal care and cosmetic products have been obtained from market research data for 36,446 subjects across European countries and the United States in order to determine the exposure to fragrance ingredients. Each subject logged their product uses, time of day and body application sites in an online diary for seven consecutive days. The survey data did not contain information on the amount of product used per occasion or body measurements, such as weight and skin surface area. Nevertheless, this was found from the literature where the likely amount of product used per occasion or body measurement could be probabilistically chosen from distributions of data based on subject demographics. The daily aggregate applied consumer product exposure was estimated based on each subject's frequency of product use, and Monte Carlo simulations of their likely product amount per use and body measurements. Statistical analyses of the habits and practices and consumer product exposure are presented, which show the robustness of the data and the ability to estimate aggregate consumer product exposure. Consequently, the data and modelling methods presented show potential as a means of performing ingredient safety assessments for personal care and cosmetics products.
authors.affiliation: Creme Global Ltd, The Tower, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Comiskey
authors.affiliation: Unilever, Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, Beds MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom. Electronic address: amapi@rifm.org.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Api
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, United States.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barratt
authors.affiliation: Creme Global Ltd, The Tower, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.affiliation: Givaudan International S.A., 5 chemin de la parfumerie, CH1214, Vernier, Switzerland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.affiliation: Creme Global Ltd, The Tower, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.affiliation: Creme Global Ltd, The Tower, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Mahony
authors.affiliation: The Procter and Gamble Company, Mason Business Center, 8700 Mason Montgomery Rd, Mason, OH 45040, United States.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Robison
authors.affiliation: B-Safe Toxicology Consulting, 31 Hayway, Rushden, Northants NN10 6AG, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Safford
authors.affiliation: Firmenich Inc., Post Office Box 5880, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA(2).
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: The Procter and Gamble Company, Central Product Safety, P&G Technical Centres Ltd., Whitehall Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9NW, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tozer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D003358:Cosmetics; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010476:Perfume; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D010476:Perfume
keywords: Aggregate exposure; Cosmetics; Database; Fragrance ingredients; Habits and practices; Monte Carlo simulations; Personal care