title: Analysis of oxygen vacancy in Co-doped ZnO using the electron density distribution obtained using MEM.
abstract: Oxygen vacancy (VO) strongly affects the properties of oxides. In this study, we used X-ray diffraction (XRD) to study changes in the VO concentration as a function of the Co-doping level of ZnO. Rietveld refinement yielded a different result from that determined via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), but additional maximum entropy method (MEM) analysis led it to compensate for the difference. VO tended to gradually decrease with increased Co doping, and ferromagnetic behavior was not observed regardless of the Co-doping concentration. MEM analysis demonstrated that reliable information related to the defects in the ZnO-based system can be obtained using X-ray diffraction alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706 South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706 South Korea ; Department of Nanofusion Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 South Korea.
authors.forename: Yeong Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan, 618-230 South Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Seong
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706 South Korea.
authors.forename: Bum-Su
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Frontier in Extreme Physics, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 305-340 South Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Chan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan.
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moriyoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuroiwa
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Basic Science, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713 Republic of Korea ; Current address: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA.
authors.forename: Seunghun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706 South Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jeong
keywords: Co-doped ZnO; Maximum entropy method; Oxygen vacancy; Rietveld refinement; ZnO