title: Microdissecting the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are naturally occurring, small, non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of a large number of genes involved in various biological processes, either through mRNA degradation or through translation inhibition. Since the discovery of miRNAs, a vast amount of research has implicated the deregulated expression of miRNAs in different malignancies, including prostate cancer (PCa). Different miRNA expression profiles are reportedly associated with the development, progression, and emergence of castration-resistant PCa (CRPC), suggesting their use in the diagnosis, prognosis, and development of anti-cancer treatment models directed against this disease. However, before their exploitation in terms of therapeutics, a thorough understanding and in-depth mechanistic studies of these miRNAs and the gene networks they orchestrate are necessary for ascertaining their definitive role in the development and progression of PCa. This review attempts to extensively summarize the current knowledge of aberrantly expressed miRNAs and their mode of action in PCa, while highlighting the existing discrepancies and future research warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chandigarh, India. Electronic address: gazallakhan@ymail.com.
authors.forename: Shiekh Gazalla
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ayub
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
authors.forename: Taha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ayub
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics*; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: PCa; androgen-dependent; androgen-independent; castration-resistant; hormone-sensitive; miRNAs