title: Effects of transforming growth factor β-1 infected human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on high- and low-metastatic potential hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study investigates the effects of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) on migration and proliferation ability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with high- and low-metastatic potential.
  
  
  METHODS
  The hMSC and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ-1) gene infected hMSC were co-cultured with hepatoma cells. The ability of cells migration was assessed by Transwell assay. The ability of cells proliferation was detected using CCK-8 assay. The mice were engrafted with hMSC and TGFβ-1 gene infected hMSC, respectively, after hepatoma cells inoculation 15 days, twice a week for 6 weeks successively. The tumor inhibition rate was calculated. TGFβ-1, osteopontin (OPN), and programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) genes expression of hepatoma cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) before and after co-cultured experiments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TGFβ-1 infected hMSC or hMSC co-culture with hepatoma cells groups can significantly promote hepatoma cells proliferation (P < 0.05). The migration numbers of hepatoma cells with TGFβ-1 infected hMSC co-culture groups were significantly reduced compared with the other two groups (P < 0.05). The tumors weight inhibition rates of MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L animal models were the highest in the third week by hMSC engraftment. But the highest tumor inhibition rate of MHCC97-H animal models was observed in the fourth week and MHCC97-L animal models in the fifth week after TGFβ-1 infected hMSC engraftment. OPN gene relative quantitative expression of hepatoma cells was significantly down-regulated after co-cultured with hMSC and TGFβ-1 gene infected hMSC groups (P < 0.05). TGFβ-1 gene relative quantitative expression of MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L cells was significantly up-regulated after co-cultured with TGFβ-1 gene infected hMSC groups (P < 0.05). PDCD4 expression had no statistical differences among groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  hMSC and TGFβ-1 gene infected hMSC can promote hepatoma cells proliferation and inhibit hepatoma cells migration. hMSC and TGFβ-1 gene infected hMSC exhibit anti-tumor activity in a time-dependent manner. TGFβ-1 cytokine may be the main factor in HCC proliferation. OPN makes a significant contribution to the changes of hepatoma cells metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The 95th Hospital of PLA, 485 Dongyan Road, Putian, Fujian province, 351100, People's Republic of China. lizhaoruixin@sina.com.|Department of Radiology, The 304th Hospital of PLA, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, Haidian District, 100048, People's Republic of China. lizhaoruixin@sina.com.
authors.forename: Tianran
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The 304th Hospital of PLA, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, Haidian District, 100048, People's Republic of China. lsjunjn@sina.com.
authors.forename: Shaohong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The 95th Hospital of PLA, 485 Dongyan Road, Putian, Fujian province, 351100, People's Republic of China. songbinfz@163.com.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 South street of Xizhimen, Beijing, Xicheng District, 100048, People's Republic of China. wzhmbj@sina.cn.
authors.forename: Zhengmao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Nanjing General Hospital of PLA, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 21000, People's Republic of China. cjr.luguangming@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The 95th Hospital of PLA, 485 Dongyan Road, Putian, Fujian province, 351100, People's Republic of China. zhoujunfz@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 South street of Xizhimen, Beijing, Xicheng District, 100048, People's Republic of China. tianlonghuobj@163.com.
authors.forename: Tianlong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C467042:Pdcd4 protein, rat; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053495:Osteopontin