title: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacteria that cause gastroenteritis.
abstract: Gastroenteritis due to enteric pathogens is generally a self-limiting disease for which antimicrobial treatment is not required. However, treatment should be considered for cases of severe or prolonged diarrhea, extraintestinal isolation of bacteria, or diarrhea in immunocompromised hosts, the elderly, and infants. Various resistance trends and current issues concerning antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enteric pathogens are reviewed in this article, including Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, and Clostridium difficile. Updated interpretive criteria from breakpoint-setting organizations are reviewed, along with explanations for recent changes in antimicrobial breakpoints.
authors.affiliation: Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Brentwood Annex, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Romney M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Humphries
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, 525 East 68th Street, Starr 737C, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: ans9112@med.cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Audrey N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Schuetz
mesh_terms: D000333:Aeromonas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002167:Campylobacter / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012760:Shigella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Aeromonas; Campylobacter; Clostridium difficile; Salmonella; Shigella; Susceptibility testing; Vibrio