title: Effects of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block on acute pain after arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Apart from a few case reports, the effectiveness of stellate ganglion block (SGB) as a monotherapy in acute nociceptive pain has not been determined. We aimed to assess the effects of SGB on postoperative pain after arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, blind, controlled, clinical trial
  
  
  METHODS
  University Hospital outpatient
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery were assigned randomly to 2 groups: group S included patients who underwent SGB prior to surgery and group C did not. In group S, subfascial ultrasound-guided SGB was conducted with 4 mL of 0.375% levobupivacaine. For the first postoperative 48 hours, postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) and analgesic requirements were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of 40 patients were included in the study. There was no difference between groups with regards to analgesics requirement for the first postoperative 48 hours and no difference in VAS score (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Small number of patients in study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative ultrasound-guided SGB did not reduce postoperative acute pain in arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
authors.affiliation: Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Mi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Eun Mi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi Hwa
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Jong Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyo Keun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Rong
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Mihyeon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D059787:Acute Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017006:Rotator Cuff / Q000601:surgery; D012782:Shoulder / Q000601:surgery*; D013233:Stellate Ganglion; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine