title: Thiol redox homeostasis in neurodegenerative disease.
abstract: This review provides an overview of the biochemistry of thiol redox couples and the significance of thiol redox homeostasis in neurodegenerative disease. The discussion is centred on cysteine/cystine redox balance, the significance of the xc(-) cystine-glutamate exchanger and the association between protein thiol redox balance and neurodegeneration, with particular reference to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and glaucoma. The role of thiol disulphide oxidoreductases in providing neuroprotection is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address: gethin.mcbean@ucd.ie.
authors.forename: Gethin J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: McBean
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mutay
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.affiliation: School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Helen R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.affiliation: School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Rita C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Torrão
mesh_terms: D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D054477:Glutaredoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054477:Glutaredoxins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013879:Thioredoxins; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D003545:Cysteine
keywords: Cysteine; Glutaredoxin; Glutathione; Neurodegenerative disease; Peroxiredoxin; Thioredoxin