title: Cardamonin Inhibits Metastasis of Lewis Lung Carcinoma Cells by Decreasing mTOR Activity.
abstract: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates the motility and invasion of cancer cells. Cardamonin is a chalcone that exhibits anti-tumor activity. The previous study had proved that the anti-tumor effect of cardamonin was associated with mTOR inhibition. In the present study, the anti-metastatic effect of cardamonin and its underlying molecule mechanisms were investigated on the highly metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. The proliferation, invasion and migration of LLC cells were measured by MTT, transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. The expression and activation of mTOR- and adhesion-related proteins were assessed by Western blotting. The in vivo effect of cardamonin on the metastasis of the LLC cells was investigated by a mouse model. Treated with cardamonin, the proliferation, invasion and migration of LLC cells were significantly inhibited. The expression of Snail was decreased by cardamonin, while that of E-cadherin was increased. In addition, cardamonin inhibited the activation of mTOR and its downstream target ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1). Furthermore, the tumor growth and its lung metastasis were inhibited by cardamonin in C57BL/6 mice. It indicated that cardamonin inhibited the invasion and metastasis of LLC cells through inhibiting mTOR. The metastasis inhibitory effect of cardamonin was correlated with down-regulation of Snail and up-regulation of E-cadherin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Pei-Guang
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xuan
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Dao-Hua
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Yao-Yao
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D047188:Chalcones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015870:Gene Expression; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D051379:Mice; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010766:Phosphorylation; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015820:Cadherins; D047188:Chalcones; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; C436747:cardamonin