title: Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors and Their HLA Ligands are Related with the Immunopathology of Chagas Disease.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and their human leucocyte antigen (HLA) ligands in the susceptibility of chronic Chagas disease. This case-control study enrolled 131 serologically-diagnosed Chagas disease patients (59 men and 72 women, mean age of 60.4 ± 9.8 years) treated at the University Hospital of Londrina and the Chagas Disease Laboratory of the State University of Maringa. A control group was formed of 165 healthy individuals - spouses of patients or blood donors from the Regional Blood Bank in Maringa (84 men and 81 women, with a mean age of 59.0 ± 11.4 years). Genotyping of HLA and KIR was performed by PCR-SSOP. KIR2DS2-C1 in the absence of KIR2DL2 (KIR2DS2+/2DL2-/C1+) was more frequent in Chagas patients (P = 0.020; Pc = 0.040; OR = 2.14) and, in particular, those who manifested chronic chagasic cardiopathy-CCC (P = 0.0002; Pc = 0.0004; OR = 6.64; 95% CI = 2.30-18.60) when compared to the control group, and when CCC group was compared to the patients without heart involvement (P = 0.010; Pc = 0.020; OR = 3.97). The combination pair KIR2DS2+/2DL2-/KIR2DL3+/C1+ was also positively associated with chronic chagasic cardiopathy. KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 were related to immunopathogenesis in Chagas disease. The combination of KIR2DS2 activating receptor with C1 ligand, in the absence of KIR2DL2, may be related to a risk factor in the chronic Chagas disease and chronic chagasic cardiopathy.
authors.affiliation: Post Graduation Program of Biosciences Applied to Pharmacy, Department of Analysis Clinical and Biomedicine, Maringa State University, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Christiane Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ayo
authors.affiliation: Post Graduation Program of Biosciences Applied to Pharmacy, Department of Analysis Clinical and Biomedicine, Maringa State University, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pâmela Guimarães
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Basic Health Sciences, Maringa State University, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia Machado de Oliveira
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dalalio
authors.affiliation: Basic Health Sciences, Maringa State University, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jeane Eliete Laguila
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Visentainer
authors.affiliation: Post Graduation Program of Biosciences Applied to Pharmacy, Department of Analysis Clinical and Biomedicine, Maringa State University, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila de Freitas
authors.initials: Cde F
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Basic Health Sciences, Maringa State University, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana Marques
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: de Araújo
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic Department, Londrina State University, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Divina Seila
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Marques
authors.affiliation: Basic Health Sciences, Maringa State University, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002598:Chagas Cardiomyopathy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015234:HLA-A Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015236:HLA-C Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054340:Receptors, KIR / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D054343:Receptors, KIR2DL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D015234:HLA-A Antigens; D015235:HLA-B Antigens; D015236:HLA-C Antigens; C515077:KIR2DL2 protein, human; C433932:KIR2DS2 protein, human; D008024:Ligands; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D054343:Receptors, KIR2DL2