title: Construction and characterization of an infectious cDNA clone of Echovirus 25.
abstract: Echovirus 25 (E-25) is a member of the enterovirus family and a common pathogen that induces hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), meningitis, skin rash, and respiratory illnesses. In this study, we constructed and characterized an infectious full-length E-25 cDNA clone derived from the XM0297 strain, which was the first subgenotype D6 strain isolated in Xiamen, China. The 5'-Untranslated Regions (5'-UTR), P3 (3A-3B, 3D) and P3 (3C) regions of this E-25 (XM0297) strain were highly similar to EV-B77, E-16 and E-13, respectively. Our data demonstrate that the rescued E-25 viruses exhibited similar growth kinetics to the prototype virus strain XM0297. We observed the rescued viral particles using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and found them to possess an icosahedral structure, with a diameter of approximately 30 nm. The cross neutralization test demonstrated that the E-25 (XM0297) strain immune serum could not neutralize EV-A71, CV-A16 or CV-B3; likewise, the EV-A71 and CV-A16 immune serum could not neutralize E-25 (XM0297). The availability of this infectious clone will greatly enhance future virological investigations and possible vaccine development against E-25.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Wangheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Lisheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuxuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Longfa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Delei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Mengyuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Shuizhen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiangzhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuqiong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Que
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
authors.forename: James Wai Kuo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China. Electronic address: tcheng@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China. Electronic address: nsxia@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ningshao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002681:China; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Echovirus 25; Infectious cDNA clone; Rescued virus; Sequence analyses