title: High resolution mass spectrometry imaging reveals the occurrence of phenylphenalenone-type compounds in red paracytic stomata and red epidermis tissue of Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina cv. 'Rowe Red'.
abstract: The banana epidermis and in particular their stomata are conducive sites for the penetration of pathogenic fungi which can severely limit global banana production. The red pseudostem of the ornamental banana Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina cv. 'Rowe Red' was used to study the chemical constituents of the epidermal cell layer using matrix-free laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric imaging (LDI-FT-ICR-MSI). The high resolution of this technique allowed phenylphenalenone-type compounds to be located in single plant cells. Some of these secondary metabolites were identified as constitutive compounds and found in specialized epidermal cells in banana pseudostem tissue. Especially the red paracytic stomata revealed higher signal intensities of certain phenylphenalenones than normal epidermis cells. The ease of detection of polycyclic aromatic compounds on the cellular level is discussed with regard to future investigations of plant-pathogen interactions.
authors.affiliation: Research Group Biosynthesis/NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany; Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Steinstr. 19, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany. Electronic address: hoelscher@ice.mpg.de.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hölscher
authors.affiliation: Application Development Pharma, Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Fahrenheitstrasse 4, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fuchser
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center of Soft Matter, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Knop
authors.affiliation: Research Group Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Riya C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.affiliation: Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Steinstr. 19, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buerkert
authors.affiliation: Research Group Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Svatoš
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center of Soft Matter, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Research Group Biosynthesis/NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: schneider@ice.mpg.de.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D015394:Molecular Structure; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry*; D043803:Phenalenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D043803:Phenalenes
keywords: Cell-specific natural product analysis; Laser microdissection; Matrix-free UV laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric imaging; Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina cv. ‘Rowe Red’; Musaceae; Phenylphenalenones