title: Internalization of the TGF-β type I receptor into caveolin-1 and EEA1 double-positive early endosomes.
abstract: Endocytosis and intracellular sorting of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptors play an important regulatory role in TGF-β signaling. Two major endocytic pathways, clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis, have been reported to independently mediate the internalization of TGF-β receptors. In this study, we demonstrate that the clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytic pathways can converge during TGF-β receptor endocytic trafficking. By tracking the intracellular dynamics of fluorescently-labeled TGF-β type I receptor (TβRI), we found that after mediating TβRI internalization, certain clathrin-coated vesicles and caveolar vesicles are fused underneath the plasma membrane, forming a novel type of caveolin-1 and clathrin double-positive vesicles. Under the regulation of Rab5, the fused vesicles are targeted to early endosomes and thus deliver the internalized TβRI to the caveolin-1 and EEA1 double-positive early endosomes (caveolin-1-positive early endosomes). We further showed that the caveolin-1-positive early endosomes are positive for Smad3/SARA, Rab11 and Smad7/Smurf2, and may act as a multifunctional device for TGF-β signaling and TGF-β receptor recycling and degradation. Therefore, these findings uncover a novel scenario of endocytosis, the direct fusion of clathrin-coated and caveolae vesicles during TGF-β receptor endocytic trafficking, which leads to the formation of the multifunctional sorting device, caveolin-1-positive early endosomes, for TGF-β receptors.
authors.affiliation: 1] Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China [2] Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third Hospital and Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Kangmin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third Hospital and Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Zijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third Hospital and Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Zhizhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third Hospital and Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Youyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Ye-Guang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C495540:CAV1 protein, human; D051242:Caveolin 1; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; C093846:early endosome antigen 1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I