title: Computed Tomography Assessment of Ablation Zone Enhancement in Patients With Early-Stage Lung Cancer After Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) offers a curative treatment for lung cancer in patients who are marginal surgical candidates. However, unlike traditional surgery the lung cancer remains in place after treatment. Thus, imaging follow-up for evaluation of recurrence is of paramount importance.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective designed Institutional Review Board-approved study, follow-up contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) exams were performed on sixty one patients to evaluate enhancement pattern in the ablation zone at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after SABR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven patients had recurrence within the ablation zone after SABR. The postcontrast enhancement in the recurrence group showed a washin and washout phenomenon, whereas the radiation-induced lung injury group showed continuous enhancement suggesting an inflammatory process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The textural feature of the ablation zone of enhancement and perfusion as demonstrated in computed tomography nodule enhancement may allow early differentiation of recurrence from radiation-induced lung injury in patients' status after SABR or primary lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Radiology, †Department of Radiation Oncology, and ‡Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chaya
authors.forename: Ammar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaudhry
authors.forename: Britney
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Depasquale
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mikhail
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhattacharji
authors.forename: Bong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bilfinger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media