title: The characteristics of intrinsic complex micro-contractile activity in isolated strips of the rat bladder.
abstract: In the resting and un-stimulated state, the bladder wall is not quiescent and discrete contractile events, microcontractions, can be recorded in almost all species. This activity contributes to the active element of compliance and to the basal resting tension. This intrinsic activity underpins the more complex phasic activity, non-voiding activity (NVA) that can be seen to increase progressively as the bladder is filled. The NVA represents the motor component of a motor sensory system that relays information to the CNS on bladder volume. Despite the importance of this intrinsic motor activity, little is known about the mechanisms involved in its generation and modulation. The present experiments were done on isolated hemi-bladders from normal rats and measurements made of the intrinsic motor activity. Detailed analysis of the resting state reveals the presence of discrete phasic contractile events, micro-contractions that range in amplitude from 0.1-0.6 mN. These events seem to occur randomly and the basal activity has the appearance of ‘noise’. An analysis of the frequency amplitude distribution of the contractile events, reveals that the total activity appears to be the sum of a number of discrete contractile units, each generating a phasic contraction about a specific mean value and with characteristic frequency. In a hemi-bladder, there are between 20-30 units generating the activity at rest. Using the timed integral of the activity (product of amplitude and frequency), it was noted that the activity was increased by the muscarinic agonist carbachol, but it was decreased by the β-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline. Stretching the preparations also increased the activity. Using these observations, a simple model of the structural and functional organisation of the isolated rat bladder is proposed: the wall appears to be arranged into a number of discrete motor units acting independently. However, the activity can be stimulated or inhibited by pharmacological agents and mechanically (stretch). The possible relevance of this activity, its relationship to NVA and in relation to the mode of action of drugs are discussed. [Corrected]
authors.affiliation: Uro-physiology Research Group, The Dental and Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, England, UK, j.i.gillespie@ncl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rouget
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palea
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Granato
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Birder
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Korstanje
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3