title: Assessing trace element contamination in Fildes Peninsula (King George Island) and Ardley Island, Antarctic.
abstract: King George Island, situated in the South Shetland Islands archipelago, is one of the most visited sites in Antarctica. This has contributed to a high density of scientific stations and shelters in the region, especially in Fildes Peninsula. In order to evaluate the natural and anthropogenic sources of trace elements (As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb and Hg) soil and moss samples were collected from different sites in January 2013. In general, the results revealed homogeneous concentrations (μgg(-)(1)) for each element in the majority of collected samples (As: 3.8±1.4; Cd: 0.4±0.9; Cu: 34±4; Zn: 115±13; Pb: 20±5; Hg; 0.011±0.009). However, some samples in specific areas of Fildes Bay showed the existence of local anthropogenic activities that have contributed to the enrichment of contaminants in soils and moss samples that correlated to one another (e.g. Pb: 1101μgg(-)(1)). Human presence is linked to examples of contamination and environmental perturbation, making essential the implementation of this type of study in order to understand and protect unique places in Antarctica.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amaro
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Padeiro
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mão de Ferro
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.affiliation: INACH, Chilean Antarctic Institute, Punta Arenas, Chile.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leppe
authors.affiliation: Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verkulich
authors.affiliation: British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.affiliation: Jena University, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: joao.canario@tecnico.ulisboa.pt.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Canário
mesh_terms: D000864:Antarctic Regions; D019068:Bryopsida / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D062312:Islands; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: Antarctica; Fildes Peninsula; Soil; Trace elements; Vegetation