title: Perspectives On Membrane-associated Progesterone Receptors As Prospective Therapeutic Targets.
abstract: Progesterone receptor membrane components 1 and 2, neudesin, and neuferricin belong to the membraneassociated progesterone receptor (MAPR) family. Recently, sex steroid membrane receptors have gained attention because of their potential involvement in sex hormone-mediated rapid non-genomic effects, which cannot currently be explained by the genomic action of nuclear receptors. Progesterone may increase cell proliferation and survival via nongenomic effects including the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase (PI3K) pathways through MAPRs. Moreover, the unique expression of MAPRs suggests that they could be used as biomarkers and drug targets for sex steroid-related cancers and other diseases. In this review, we summarize the physiological roles of the MAPRs, provide a comprehensive overview of their progesterone-mediated non-genomic actions, and discuss new insights into their potential as therapeutic targets.
authors.forename: Sae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Mayu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasubuchi
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terasawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Graduate School of Agriculture, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan. ikimura@cc.tuat.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D015195:Drug Design; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D011374:Progesterone; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases