title: Downregulation of Umbilical Cord Blood Levels of miR-374a in Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression profile of microRNA (miRNA) in umbilical cord blood from infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Full-term infants with perinatal asphyxia were identified under strict enrollment criteria. Degree of encephalopathy was defined using both continuous multichannel electroencephalogram in the first 24 hours of life and modified Sarnat score. Seventy infants (18 controls, 33 with perinatal asphyxia without HIE, and 19 infants with HIE [further graded as 13 mild, 2 moderate, and 4 severe]) were included in the study. MiRNA expression profiles were determined using a microarray assay and confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy miRNAs were differentially expressed between case and control groups. Of these hsa-miR-374a was the most significantly downregulated in infants with HIE vs controls. Validation of hsa-miR-374a expression using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed a significant reduction in expression among infants with HIE compared with those with perinatal asphyxia and healthy controls (mean relative quantification [SD] = 0.52 [0.37] vs 1.10 [1.52] vs 1.76 [1.69], P < .02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have shown a significant step-wise downregulation of hsa-miR-374a expression in cord blood of infants with perinatal asphyxia and subsequent HIE.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Center for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Ann-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Looney
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Center for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Brian H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moloney
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grenham
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Center, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Ailis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fagan
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Center for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Gerard W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: O'Keeffe
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Center, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Alimentary Pharmabiotic Center, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cryan
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Center, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Ted G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Dinan
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Center for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Geraldine B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Boylan
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Center for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: d.murray@ucc.ie.
authors.forename: Deirdre M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000097:blood*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: C587995:MIRN374 microRNA 374, human; D035683:MicroRNAs