title: Phase microscopy using light-field reconstruction method for cell observation.
abstract: The refractive index (RI) distribution can serve as a natural label for undyed cell imaging. However, the majority of images obtained through quantitative phase microscopy is integrated along the illumination angle and cannot reflect additional information about the refractive map on a certain plane. Herein, a light-field reconstruction method to image the RI map within a depth of 0.2 μm is proposed. It records quantitative phase-delay images using a four-step phase shifting method in different directions and then reconstructs a similar scattered light field for the refractive sample on the focus plane. It can image the RI of samples, transparent cell samples in particular, in a manner similar to the observation of scattering characteristics. The light-field reconstruction method is therefore a powerful tool for use in cytobiology studies.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. Electronic address: cfkuang@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Cuifang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Yingke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002477:Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008029:Lighting; D008853:Microscopy / Q000145:classification / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation
keywords: Holographic interferometry; Interference microscopy; Microscopy; Phase measurement