title: Effectiveness of Active Packaging on Control of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Total Aerobic Bacteria on Iceberg Lettuce.
abstract: Contaminated leafy green vegetables have been linked to several outbreaks of human gastrointestinal infections. Antimicrobial interventions that are adoptable by the fresh produce industry for control of pathogen contamination are in great demand. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of sustained active packaging on control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and total aerobic bacteria on lettuce. Commercial Iceberg lettuce was inoculated with a 3-strain mixture of E. coli O157:H7 at 10(2) or 10(4) CFU/g. The contaminated lettuce and un-inoculated controls were placed respectively in 5 different active packaging structures. Traditional, nonactive packaging structure was included as controls. Packaged lettuce was stored at 4, 10, or 22 °C for 3 wk and sampled weekly for the population of E. coli O157:H7 and total aerobic bacteria. Results showed that packaging structures with ClO2 generator, CO2 generator, or one of the O2 scavengers effectively controlled the growth of E. coli O157:H7 and total aerobic bacteria under all storage conditions. Packaging structure with the ClO2 generator was most effective and no E. coli O157:H7 was detected in samples packaged in this structure except for those that were inoculated with 4 log CFU/g of E. coli O157:H7 and stored at 22 °C. Packaging structures with an oxygen scavenger and the allyl isothiocyanate generator were mostly ineffective in control of the growth of the bacteria on Iceberg lettuce. The research suggests that some of the packaging structures evaluated in the study can be used to control the presence of foodborne pathogens on leafy green vegetables.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang Univ, Hangzhou, 310035, PR, China.
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang Univ, Hangzhou, 310035, PR, China.
authors.forename: Junli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Preservation, Processing and Safety Control of Liaoning Province, Baohai Univ, Jinzhou, 121013, PR, China.
authors.forename: Jianrong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Food Science and Technology, The Univ. of Georgia, 1109 Experiment St, Griffin, GA, 30223, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Jinru
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000254:growth & development*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000254:growth & development*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018545:Lactuca / Q000382:microbiology*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: E. coli O157:H7; active packaging; iceberg lettuce; total aerobic bacteria