title: Molecular characterization of two immunity-related acute-phase proteins: Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A from black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli).
abstract: Haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are two vital proteins involved in inflammatory reactions and are classified as acute-phase proteins. They are released from hepatocytes under inflammatory conditions to protect healthy cells from being damaged by pathogens or from self-destructive mechanisms. In this study, a previously constructed black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) cDNA library was used to identify the full-length cDNA sequences of Hp and SAA homologs (RfHp and RfSAA, respectively) and characterize them at the molecular level. As expected, in silico analysis of these homologs showed the typical domain architectures of their known counterparts. Open reading frames of RfHp and RfSAA consisted of 942-bp and 313-bp DNA sequences, respectively. The derived polypeptide sequence of RfHp was composed of 313 amino acids (aa) with a predicted molecular weight of 34 kD, whereas RfSAA had a 121-amino acid sequence with a molecular weight of 13 kD. Phylogenetic analysis as well as pairwise sequence alignment results showed that RfHp was more closely related to Oreochromis mossambicus from an evolutionary perspective while RfSAA was closely related to the Epinephelus coioides ortholog. Although both genes were expressed ubiquitously in the tissues analyzed, they were particularly expressed in liver tissue, suggesting their origin in hepatocytes. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that both RfHp and RfSAA were significantly up-regulated by both bacterial and viral stimulation in liver tissue, affirming their putative importance in the acute phase of first-line host immune defenses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J D H E
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jayasinghe
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Don Anushka Sandaruwan
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Elvitigala
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ilson
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Whang
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bo-Hye
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jehee@jejunu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jehee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005260:Female; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D006242:Haptoglobins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010473:Perciformes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000494:pharmacology; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D013291:Streptococcus
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D006242:Haptoglobins; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D011070:Poly I-C
keywords: Black rockfish; Haptoglobin; Immune challenge; Serum amyloid A; Transcriptional response