title: Strategic creatine supplementation and resistance training in healthy older adults.
abstract: Creatine supplementation in close proximity to resistance training may be an important strategy for increasing muscle mass and strength; however, it is unknown whether creatine supplementation before or after resistance training is more effective for aging adults. Using a double-blind, repeated measures design, older adults (50-71 years) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: creatine before (CR-B: n = 15; creatine (0.1 g/kg) immediately before resistance training and placebo (0.1 g/kg cornstarch maltodextrin) immediately after resistance training), creatine after (CR-A: n = 12; placebo immediately before resistance training and creatine immediately after resistance training), or placebo (PLA: n = 12; placebo immediately before and immediately after resistance training) for 32 weeks. Prior to and following the study, body composition (lean tissue, fat mass; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and muscle strength (1-repetition maximum leg press and chest press) were assessed. There was an increase over time for lean tissue mass and muscle strength and a decrease in fat mass (p < 0.05). CR-A resulted in greater improvements in lean tissue mass (Δ 3.0 ± 1.9 kg) compared with PLA (Δ 0.5 ± 2.1 kg; p < 0.025). Creatine supplementation, independent of the timing of ingestion, increased muscle strength more than placebo (leg press: CR-B, Δ 36.6 ± 26.6 kg; CR-A, Δ 40.8 ± 38.4 kg; PLA, Δ 5.6 ± 35.1 kg; chest press: CR-B, Δ 15.2 ± 13.0 kg; CR-A, Δ 15.7 ± 12.5 kg; PLA, Δ 1.9 ± 14.7 kg; p < 0.025). Compared with resistance training alone, creatine supplementation improves muscle strength, with greater gains in lean tissue mass resulting from post-exercise creatine supplementation.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Kinesiology & Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
authors.forename: Darren G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Candow
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Kinesiology & Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
authors.forename: Emelie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Kinesiology & Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johannsmeyer
authors.affiliation: b Human Kinetics, Okanagan College, Penticton, BC V2A 8E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.affiliation: c College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada.
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Farthing
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D003401:Creatine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects*; D055070:Resistance Training
chemical_list: D003401:Creatine
keywords: aging; force musculaire; masse musculaire; moment; muscle mass; sarcopenia; sarcopénie; strategies; stratégies; strength; timing; vieillissement