title: Biomass-derived functional porous carbons as novel electrode material for the practical detection of biomolecules in human serum and snail hemolymph.
abstract: The biomass-derived activated carbons (ACs) have been prepared with high surface areas up to 793 m(2) g(-1) is by ZnCl2 activation at three different temperatures, viz. AC700, AC800, and AC900. The AC samples were characterized by a variety of analytical and spectroscopy techniques. The as-synthesized ACs were adopted for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA). For comparison, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was employed for the proposed sensor. The high surface area, modulated pore size and the presence of oxygen surface functional groups like heteroatoms (83.427% C, 1.085% N, 0.383% S, and 0.861% H) in the biomass-derived AC is found to be responsible for the excellent catalytic activities of biomolecules. Fascinatingly, the facile sensor further used to detect biomolecules levels in the snail hemolymph and human blood serum. Notably, the obtained analytical parameters for the biomolecules detection over the AC modified GCE, outperforming several carbon-based modified electrodes in literatures.
authors.affiliation: Electroanalysis and Bioelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Vediyappan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veeramani
authors.affiliation: Electroanalysis and Bioelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madhu
authors.affiliation: Electroanalysis and Bioelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Shen-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Division, Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Bih-Show
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Sciences, Bannari Amman institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam-638401, Erode, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Jayabal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palanisamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu-625 021, India.
authors.forename: Vairathevar Sivasamy
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Vasantha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D018533:Biomass; D004298:Dopamine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D004566:Electrodes; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D012908:Snails / Q000378:metabolism*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D010087:Oxides; D014527:Uric Acid; D006108:Graphite; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D004298:Dopamine