title: Phosphorylation of Nonmuscle myosin II-A regulatory light chain resists Sendai virus fusion with host cells.
abstract: Enveloped viruses enter host cells through membrane fusion and the cells in turn alter their shape to accommodate components of the virus. However, the role of nonmuscle myosin II of the actomyosin complex of host cells in membrane fusion is yet to be understood. Herein, we show that both (-) blebbistatin, a specific inhibitor of nonmuscle myosin II (NMII) and small interfering RNA markedly augment fusion of Sendai virus (SeV), with chinese hamster ovary cells and human hepatocarcinoma cells. Inhibition of RLC phosphorylation using inhibitors against ROCK, but not PKC and MRCK, or overexpression of phospho-dead mutant of RLC enhances membrane fusion. SeV infection increases cellular stiffness and myosin light chain phosphorylation at two hour post infection. Taken together, the present investigation strongly indicates that Rho-ROCK-NMII contractility signaling pathway may provide a physical barrier to host cells against viral fusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032.
authors.forename: Provas
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032.
authors.forename: Shekhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi-1100021.
authors.forename: Sunandini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai-400076.
authors.forename: Alakesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032.
authors.forename: Sumit K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032.
authors.forename: Mahua R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai-400076.
authors.forename: Shamik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi-1100021.
authors.forename: Debi P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032.
authors.forename: Siddhartha S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jana
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016296:Mutagenesis; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024507:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D029082:Sendai virus / Q000502:physiology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects; D057074:Virus Release / Q000187:drug effects; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C472645:blebbistatin; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D024507:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB