title: Metabolic syndrome in peritoneal dialysis patients.
abstract: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are common in peritoneal dialysis patients. Metabolic syndrome (MES) is a medical condition with a clustering of major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. In this review article, the various diagnostic criteria used in MES are discussed. It is proposed to use a modified National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria for the diagnosis of MES in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients taking into consideration the scientific evidence and practicality. When three or more of the following criteria are satisfied in PD patients, obesity, high triglyceride, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hypertension or dysglycaemia, they are diagnosed as having MES. Body mass index (BMI) with reference to ethnicity is suggested to replace waist circumference for diagnosing obesity. Epidemiology and outcome of PD patients with MES are highlighted. The adverse sequelae of obesity appear to be primarily due to fat mass rather than non-fat mass, possibly related to the pro-inflammatory effect of adipose tissue. Whilst there are therapies to tackle MES in PD patients, more conclusive data in human studies to see clinically improved outcomes with such strategies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Therapeutics , Prince of Wales Hospital.
authors.forename: Philip Kam-Tao
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Therapeutics , Prince of Wales Hospital.
authors.forename: Bonnie Ching-Ha
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Therapeutics , Prince of Wales Hospital.
authors.forename: Cheuk Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Szeto
authors.affiliation: Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong SAR , China.
authors.forename: Gary Tin-Choi
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Ko
keywords: metabolic syndrome; obesity; peritoneal dialysis