title: Effect of 6-month caloric restriction on Cu bound to ceruloplasmin in adult overweight subjects.
abstract: In a randomized clinical trial of calorie restriction (CR), we demonstrated that important cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers were favorably influenced by CR alone and in conjunction with physical exercise. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of CR with or without exercise on copper bound to ceruloplasmin (CuCp), a well-known biomarker for CVD, in overweight men and women enrolled in the CALERIE phase 1 study. Forty-six individuals were randomized to one of four groups for 6 months: control, healthy weight maintenance; CR, 25% CR from baseline energy requirements; CR+exercise, 12.5% CR and 12.5% through aerobic exercise; and low-calorie diet, low-calorie diet until 15% reduction in body weight followed by weight maintenance diet. CuCp was determined in fasting blood samples by a high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry methodology and compared with changes in body composition and markers of CVD. After 6 months, CR combined with exercise induced a decrease in plasma concentration of CuCp. CuCp was inversely correlated with insulin sensitivity at baseline and after 6 months of intervention. A cluster analysis showed that the percent change of weight after 6 months of intervention was the most important variable that could discriminate the intervention groups. The percent change of CuCp was the only other variable selected by the analysis. Decreased CuCp in overweight subjects by CR combined with exercise suggests a positive effect of this intervention on metabolic health. Further studies to explain the relationship between weight loss and CuCp and its relevance for cardiovascular health are needed.
authors.affiliation: Ctr. Nutrition and Aging, INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy. Electronic address: fradiancona@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piacenza
authors.affiliation: Ctr. Nutrition and Aging, INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malavolta
authors.affiliation: Ctr. Nutrition and Aging, INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basso
authors.affiliation: Ctr. Nutrition and Aging, INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costarelli
authors.affiliation: Ctr. Nutrition and Aging, INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Robertina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giacconi
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ravussin
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
authors.forename: Leanne M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Redman
authors.affiliation: Ctr. Nutrition and Aging, INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mocchegiani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000378:metabolism*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003300:Copper; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Caloric restriction (CR); Cardiovascular disease (CVD); Copper bound to ceruloplasmin (CuCp); Insulin sensitivity (Si); Physical exercise (EX)