title: Genetic and phytochemical variability of six Teucrium arduini L. populations and their antioxidant/prooxidant behaviour examined by biochemical, macromolecule- and cell-based approaches.
abstract: Teucrium arduini L., an Ilyric-Balcanic endemic species, has been reported for decades as a valuable plant used in traditional medicine for treating digestive disorders. The present study evaluated genetic and phytochemical variability of six T. arduini populations in order to determine factors that influence an accumulation of polyphenolic compounds. Results strongly suggest that a phytochemical variation was caused by environmental rather than genetic factors. T. arduini leaf extract from the locality Učka, which accumulated significantly more polyphenolic phytochemicals in comparison to others, showed antioxidant activity in DNA and lipid bioassays. Furthermore, the same extract exhibited prooxidant behaviour at protein level and induce formation of reactive oxygen species in human laryngeal carcinoma cells causing cytotoxic activity, in a dose dependent manner. All the results of the present study suggested that T. arduini extract could be responsible for antioxidative/prooxidative mechanisms and would help in determination of optimal conditions for their ethnopharmacological use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Institute 'Ruđer Bošković', Bijenička c. 54, P.O. Box 180, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: dsamec@irb.hr.
authors.forename: Dunja
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Šamec
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Ksenija
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Durgo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Šlechtitelu 11, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jiři
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grúz
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kremer
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kosalec
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Institute 'Ruđer Bošković', Bijenička c. 54, P.O. Box 180, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Jasenka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piljac-Žegarac
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Institute 'Ruđer Bošković', Bijenička c. 54, P.O. Box 180, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Branka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salopek-Sondi
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017523:Croatia; D020834:Ethnopharmacology; D006801:Humans; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis; D031367:Teucrium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016877:Oxidants; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Antioxidative/prooxidative activity; Cytotoxicity; Ethnopharmacology; Macromolecule bioassay; Polyphenols; Teucrium arduini L.