title: Improvement of chlorophyll identification in foodstuffs by MALDI ToF/ToF mass spectrometry using 1,5-diaminonaphthalene electron transfer secondary reaction matrix.
abstract: Chlorophylls (Chls) are important pigments responsible for the characteristic green color of chloroplasts in algae and plants. In this study, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) was introduced as an electron transfer secondary reaction matrix for the identification of intact chlorophylls and their derivatives, by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS). DAN was proved to drastically outperform conventional matrices such as α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnnamic acid, dithranol, antracene, and even terthiophene, since loss of the metal ion and fragmentation of the phytol-ester linkage are negligible. Absence of significant fragmentation of radical cations of Chls a and b at m/z 892.529 and 906.513, respectively, makes MALDI MS capable of following natural degradation of intact porphyrin-based pigments whose initial steps are just represented by demetalation and dephytylation. Chl by-products, such as pyropheophytins, have been identified in dried tea leaves showing the potential of MALDI MS to follow chlorophyll biotransformation occurring in processed foodstuffs. Finally, preliminary results show the potential of MALDI MS to detect illegal vegetable oil re-greening practices.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Cosima Damiana
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Calvano
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: Tommaso R I
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Cataldi
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palmisano
mesh_terms: D015081:2-Naphthylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis*; D004583:Electrons; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000032:analysis; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013662:Tea; C510889:1,5-diaminonaphthalene; D002734:Chlorophyll; D015081:2-Naphthylamine