title: Detection of Butter Adulteration with Lard by Employing (1)H-NMR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis.
abstract: The authentication of food products from the presence of non-allowed components for certain religion like lard is very important. In this study, we used proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ((1)H-NMR) spectroscopy for the analysis of butter adulterated with lard by simultaneously quantification of all proton bearing compounds, and consequently all relevant sample classes. Since the spectra obtained were too complex to be analyzed visually by the naked eyes, the classification of spectra was carried out.The multivariate calibration of partial least square (PLS) regression was used for modelling the relationship between actual value of lard and predicted value. The model yielded a highest regression coefficient (R(2)) of 0.998 and the lowest root mean square error calibration (RMSEC) of 0.0091% and root mean square error prediction (RMSEP) of 0.0090, respectively. Cross validation testing evaluates the predictive power of the model. PLS model was shown as good models as the intercept of R(2)Y and Q(2)Y were 0.0853 and -0.309, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nurrulhidayah Ahmad
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Fadzillah
authors.forename: Yaakob bin Che
authors.initials: Yb
authors.lastname: Man
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rohman
authors.forename: Arieff Salleh
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rosman
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Shuhaimi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: Alfi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khatib
mesh_terms: D002079:Butter / Q000032:analysis*; D003903:Deuterium; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D002079:Butter; D003903:Deuterium; C029310:lard