title: Commingling effect of gynoid and android fat patterns on cardiometabolic dysregulation in normal weight American adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the independent and commingling effect of android and gynoid percent fat (measured using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry) on cardiometabolic dysregulation in normal weight American adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 2005-2006 data (n=1802) from the United States National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES) were used in this study. Associations of android percent fat, gynoid percent fat and their joint occurrence with risks of cardiometabolic risk factors were estimated using prevalence odds ratios from logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Android-gynoid percent fat ratio was more highly correlated with cardiometabolic dysregulation than android percent fat, gynoid percent fat or body mass index. Commingling of android and gynoid adiposities was associated with much greater odds of cardiometabolic risk factors than either android or gynoid adiposities. Commingling of android and gynoid adiposities was associated with 1.75 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.42-2.93), 1.48 (95% CI=1.32-1.91), 1.61 (95% CI=1.50-1.89), 3.56 (95% CI=2.91-4.11) and 1.86 (95% CI=1.49-1.96) increased odds of elevated glucose, elevated blood pressure, elevated low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, elevated triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Normal weight subjects who present with both android and gynoid adiposities should be advised of the associated health risks. Both android and gynoid fat accumulations should be considered in developing public health strategies for reducing cardiometabolic disease risk in normal weight subjects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Okosun
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Medical Center of Central Georgia and Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Seale
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Management & Policy, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lyn