title: Electroconductive Nanopatterned Substrates for Enhanced Myogenic Differentiation and Maturation.
abstract: Electrically conductive materials provide a suitable platform for the in vitro study of excitable cells, such as skeletal muscle cells, due to their inherent conductivity and electroactivity. Here it is demonstrated that bioinspired electroconductive nanopatterned substrates enhance myogenic differentiation and maturation. The topographical cues from the highly aligned collagen bundles that form the extracellular matrix of skeletal muscle tissue are mimicked using nanopatterns created with capillary force lithography. Electron beam deposition is then utilized to conformally coat nanopatterned substrates with a thin layer of either gold or titanium to create electroconductive substrates with well-defined, large-area nanotopographical features. C2C12 cells, a myoblast cell line, are cultured for 7 d on substrates and the effects of topography and electrical conductivity on cellular morphology and myogenic differentiation are assessed. It is found that biomimetic nanotopography enhances the formation of aligned myotubes and the addition of an electroconductive coating promotes myogenic differentiation and maturation, as indicated by the upregulation of myogenic regulatory factors Myf5, MyoD, and myogenin (MyoG). These results suggest the suitability of electroconductive nanopatterned substrates as a biomimetic platform for the in vitro engineering of skeletal muscle tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.|Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute Science and Technology, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Macadangdang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute Science and Technology, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute Science and Technology, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Gap
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.|Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Deok-Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000187:drug effects; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D011140:Polyurethanes; C036658:acrylic acid
keywords: electroconductive substrates; maturation; myogenic differentiation; nanotopography; tissue engineering