title: Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 predicts survival in subgroups of patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma: effects of gender and smoking status.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ribonucleotide reductase catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleotide diphosphates to deoxyribonucleotide diphosphates. The functional enzyme consists of two subunits - one large (RRM1) and one small (RRM2 or RRM2b) subunit. Expression levels of each subunit have been implicated in prognostic outcomes in several different types of cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry for RRM1 and RRM2 was performed on a lung cancer tissue microarray (TMA) and analyzed. 326 patients from the microarray were included in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), RRM2 expression was strongly predictive of disease-specific survival in women, non-smokers and former smokers who had quit at least 10 years prior to being diagnosed with lung cancer. Higher expression was associated with worse survival. This was not the case for men, current smokers and those who had stopped smoking for shorter periods of time. RRM1 was not predictive of survival outcomes in any subset of the patient group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RRM2, but not RRM1, is a useful predictor of survival outcome in certain subsets of NSCLC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Vei
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alavi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Diana C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Márquez-Garbán
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Erin L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Maresh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sara R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America; Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bagryanova
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, SSa, México.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huerta-Yepez
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pietras
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goodglick
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012262:Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase / Q000378:metabolism*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D015996:Survival Rate; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C093713:ribonucleotide reductase M2; C475286:RRM1 protein, human; D012262:Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase