title: Identify Potential Regulators in HIV-1 Latency by Joint microRNA and mRNA Analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main obstacle to cure HIV infection is the existence of long-lasting latent reservoirs. Many efforts have been made to understand basal mechanisms of HIV-1 latency, in which miRNAs play an important role. However, integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression in HIV-1 latency is lacking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Global miRNA and mRNA expression was determined by microarrays and quantitative reverse transcription PCR in well-characterized HIV-1 latently and actively infected cells, respectively. Interactions of miRNA-mRNA, mRNA-mRNA, and transcription factor-miRNA pairs were assembled into the function network. Our results show that transcription regulation related genes were mostly enriched in HIV-1 latently infected cells. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed nuclear transport related pathways were up-regulated in the latency group. Network dynamic analysis highlighted many gene-pairs sharing the largest changes in different HIV-1 infection state. 83.33% miRNA-target pairs were validated against database, and RHOB related genes constitute the interface between HIV-1 latency and replication state.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We show for the first time a joint miRNA and mRNA expression profile related to a HIV-1 latency phenotype, outline a dynamic network of potential regulators involving in HIV-1 latency or replication state, and gain new insights into the source messages for affecting HIV-1 latency.
authors.forename: Zongxing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiangyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Changzhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Tiansheng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Nanping
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017735:Virus Latency; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral