title: Rapid analysis of synthetic cannabinoids using a miniature mass spectrometer with ambient ionization capability.
abstract: Synthetic cannabinoids are an emerging class of drugs of abuse and are of a great concern for transport control and usage regulation. In this study, we have developed rapid analytical methods using a miniature mass spectrometer for the identification of synthetic cannabinoids, as the traces of bulk powders on surfaces or substances in blood and urine. Significantly simplified work flows were developed by employing two ambient ionization methods, the paper spray and extraction spray ionization. Using five synthetic cannabinoids as examples, a limit of detection of 2 ng was estimated for the detection of trace powders on a bench surface and limits of quantitation as good as 10 ng/mL were obtained for the analysis of blood and urine samples.
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
authors.forename: R Graham
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Cooks
authors.affiliation: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Electronic address: ouyang@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ouyang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D002417:Cattle; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008904:Miniaturization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002186:Cannabinoids
keywords: Ambient ionization; Biofluids; Drug of abuse; Extraction spray; Paper spray; Tandem mass spectrometry