title: Serum markers in early-stage and locally advanced melanoma.
abstract: The identification of prognostic factors in cutaneous melanoma allows choosing the most effective treatment, especially in group of patients with locoregional disease. Markers related to carcinogenesis and angiogenesis in particular have effect on the course of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical utility of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), and YKL-40 in serum of melanoma patients at pathological stages I-III. We included 148 adult patients with melanoma. The median follow-up was 40 months. Disease recurrence was observed in 43 patients; 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 71.7%; 35 patients died; and the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 85%. Concentrations of VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and YKL-40 were measured by ELISA kits. VEGF, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and YKL-40 were significantly higher in group of patients than in controls. Increased concentrations of TIMP-1 were related to patient survival, which in the group of lower and increased TIMP-1, disease-free survival amounted to 81 vs. 61% (p = 0.014) and overall survival -88 vs. 82% (p = 0.050), respectively. An increased concentration of YKL-40 was observed in 59% of patients with ulceration and in 26% of patients without ulceration (p = 0.012). We have found a clinically significant correlation between YKL-40 and MMP-9 (rho = 0.363; p = 0.004) as well as YKL-40 and VEGF (rho = 0.306; p = 0.018). In melanoma patients at stages I-III, the high concentrations of TIMP-1 in serum predicted adverse prognosis. YKL-40 was associated with ulceration of primary tumor, which is a very important prognostic factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, K.W. Roentgen Street 5, Warsaw, Poland. iwonalugowska@coi.pl.|Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, Warsaw, Poland. iwonalugowska@coi.pl.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lugowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Laboratory of Tumor Markers, Maria Sklodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, K.W. Roentgen Street 5, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kowalska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Laboratory of Tumor Markers, Maria Sklodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, K.W. Roentgen Street 5, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fuksiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Laboratory of Tumor Markers, Maria Sklodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, K.W. Roentgen Street 5, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kotowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mierzejewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, K.W. Roentgen Street 5, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koseła-Paterczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szamotulska
authors.affiliation: Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, K.W. Roentgen Street 5, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rutkowski
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood; D008545:Melanoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012878:Skin Neoplasms; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000097:blood*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood; D000096142:Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C084533:CHI3L1 protein, human; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D037102:Lectins; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Early stage; Melanoma; Prognosis; Serum