title: Safety of a Pandemic Influenza Vaccine and the Immune Response in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the safety of and immune response to the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four non-ambulatory patients with DMD hospitalized in a muscle disease ward and 41 healthy healthcare workers each received one dose of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine. Serum samples were collected before and four weeks after vaccination to measure the hemagglutinin inhibition antibody titers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No severe adverse events were noted in any of the subjects. The immune responses of the patients were comparable to those of the healthcare workers. Among the patients, tube feeding and a lower total protein level in the serum were identified to be significantly associated with a lower immune response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single dose of the vaccine was found to be safe and induced an optimal level of immunity in the DMD patients. The nutritional status may be associated with the immune response in patients with DMD.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohfuji
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Wakaba
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Harutoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: Saburo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakoda
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirota
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines