title: Effect of toe-spread-out exercise on hallux valgus angle and cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle in subjects with hallux valgus.
abstract: [Purpose] This study investigated whether the toe-spread-out exercise affects the hallux valgus angle, the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle, and the hallux valgus angle during active abduction. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four subjects with hallux valgus were randomly assigned to orthosis and orthosis plus toe-spread-out exercise groups. The orthosis group wore the orthosis for 8 weeks, while the orthosis plus toe-spread-out group also performed the toe-spread-out exercise. The hallux valgus angle, the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle, and the hallux valgus angle during active abduction were measured initially and after 8 weeks by radiography and ultrasonography. [Results] While there were no significant changes in the three parameters in the orthosis group, there were significant differences in the orthosis plus toe-spread-out exercise group after 8 weeks. In addition there were significant differences in the three measures between the two groups. [Conclusion] The toe-spread-out exercise reduces the hallux valgus angle and hallux valgus angle during active abduction, and increases the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle. The toe-spread-out exercise is recommended for patients with mild to moderate hallux valgus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon-Hwan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chung-Hwi
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Tourism and Health Science, Joongbu University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Hyuck
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Weon
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heon-Seock
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Cynn
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Tourism and Health Science, Joongbu University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Do-Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Laboratory of Kinetic Ergocise Based on Movement Analysis, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Oh-Yun
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Kwon
keywords: Hallux valgus; Radiography; Toe-spread-out exercise