title: Homologs to Cry toxin receptor genes in a de novo transcriptome and their altered expression in resistant Spodoptera litura larvae.
abstract: Insect resistance threatens sustainability of insecticides based on Cry proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Since high levels of resistance to Cry proteins involve alterations in Cry-binding midgut receptors, their identification is needed to develop resistance management strategies. Through Illumina sequencing we generated a transcriptome containing 16,161 annotated unigenes for the Oriental leafworm (Spodoptera litura). Transcriptome mining identified 6 contigs with identity to reported lepidopteran Cry toxin receptors. Using PCR we confirmed their expression during the larval stage and compared their quantitative expression in larvae from susceptible and a field-derived Cry1Ca resistant strain of S. litura. Among reduced transcript levels detected for most tested contigs in the Cry1Ca-resistant S. litura larvae, the most dramatic reduction (up to 99%) was detected for alkaline phosphatase contigs. This study significantly expands S. litura transcriptomic resources and provides preliminary identification of putative receptor genes with altered expression in S. litura resistant to Cry1Ca toxin.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Huidong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jiangwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Lanzhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China. Electronic address: humy@scau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Meiying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Electronic address: jurat@utk.edu.
authors.forename: Juan Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Jurat-Fuentes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D007814:Larva; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis
keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis; Cry1Ca receptor; Resistance; Spodoptera litura; Transcriptome