title: Angiogenesis in glaucoma filtration surgery and neovascular glaucoma: A review.
abstract: Angiogenesis may pose a clinical challenge in glaucoma, for example, during the wound healing phase after glaucoma filtration surgery and in the severe secondary glaucoma called neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key mediator of angiogenesis, occurs in eyes that have undergone glaucoma filtration surgery, as well as those with NVG. This has led investigation of the ability of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy to improve outcomes, and we examine the findings with respect to the safety and efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents, mainly bevacizumab and ranibizumab, in eyes that have undergone glaucoma filtration surgery or have NVG. Combining conventional therapies-such as antimetabolites after filtration surgery and panretinal photocoagulation in NVG-and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs may produce a synergetic effect, although further studies are required to evaluate the long-term efficacy of combination treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Chelsea
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Rachael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Beatrice Y J T
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Jin-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Electronic address: hying@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ying
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018463:Filtering Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015355:Glaucoma, Neovascular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000098:blood supply*; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000069579:Ranibizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000963:Antimetabolites; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000069579:Ranibizumab
keywords: angiogenesis; anti-VEGF therapy; anti-metabolites; bevacizumab; glaucoma; glaucoma filtration surgery; neovascular glaucoma; ranibizumab