title: Longitudinal validation of psychosis risk screening tools.
abstract: The development of widely used interview tools has helped to standardize the criteria for a "clinical high risk" syndrome, thus enabling advances in efforts to develop interventions for this phase of illness. These assessments, however, are burdensome to administer and not likely to be adopted for widespread use. Scalable early intervention depends on the availability of brief, low-cost assessment tools that can serve to screen populations of interest or triage treatment-seekers toward specialized care. The current study examines the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive strength of three self-report measures (Prime Screen-Revised, Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief, and Youth Psychosis at Risk Questionnaire-Brief) with regard to psychosis onset and symptom persistence over six months of follow-up within an indicated sample of 54 adolescents and young adults ages 12-22. Within this sample, all three measures demonstrated excellent sensitivity to emerging psychosis and strong agreement with clinician evaluations of attenuated psychosis symptoms. Additionally, all screeners obtained negative predictive values of 1.00 with regard to psychosis onset, indicating that an individual scoring below the recommended threshold score would be extremely unlikely to develop psychosis over the following six months. The longitudinal validation of psychosis risk screening tools constitutes an important step toward establishing a standard of care for early identification and monitoring in this vulnerable population.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Public Psychiatry Division of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 75 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kline
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Psychology, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Psychology, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Demro
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, Baltimore, 701 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bussell
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, Baltimore, 701 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Psychology, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA. Electronic address: schiffma@umbc.edu.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiffman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Assessment; Attenuated psychosis syndrome; Clinical high-risk; Prodrome; Schizophrenia; Screening