title: Association of TMEM132D, COMT, and GABRA6 genotypes with cingulate, frontal cortex and hippocampal emotional processing in panic and major depressive disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of transmembrane protein 132D (TMEM132D), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor alpha 6 subunit (GABRA6) genotypes with cingulate, frontal cortex and hippocampal emotional processing in panic disorder (PD) and major depressive disorder (MDD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TMEM132D, COMT, and GABRA6 were examined in patients with MDD, PD, and healthy controls. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed in patients with MDD, PD, and healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  rs4680 in COMT and rs3219151 in GABRA6 showed positive associations with PD and MDD. A dynamic fearful face was shown to the participants during fMRI scanning. In PD patients, responses in the bilateral anterior cingulate were stronger in carriers of the AA genotype of SNP rs11060369 in TMEM132D compared with carriers of the AC + CC genotype, and stronger in CT + TT genotype carriers of SNP rs3219151 in GABRA6 compared with carriers of the CC genotype. The response in the medial orbital frontal cortex was stronger in carriers of the CT + TT genotypes of SNP rs3219151 in PD. In MDD patients, the response in the right parahippocampus of carriers of the GG genotype of rs4680 in COMT was stronger than that of carriers of the AA + AG genotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that TMEM132D, GABRA6, and COMT variants may increase vulnerability to panic.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neuropsychiatry , Oita University Faculty of Medicine , Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita , Japan.
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Jotaro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Akiyoshi
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muronaga
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Saeko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishitobi
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higuma
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Taiga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C546171:GABRA6 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; C580886:TMEM132D protein, human; C588010:COMT protein, human; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase
keywords: COMT; TMEM132D; fMRI; major depressive disorder; panic disorder