title: Fungus Cerrena unicolor as an effective source of new antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anticancer compounds.
abstract: In the report, three bioactive fractions from Cerrena unicolor: laccase (LAC), endopolysaccharides (c-EPL), and low molecular weight (ex-LMS) were tested for the first time towards their antiviral, immunostimulatory, cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect. The immunomodulatory activity was studied by means of THP-1-derived macrophages able to synthesize and secrete IL-6 and TNF-α. We used cervical carcinoma cell lines SiHa (ATCC, HTB-35) and CaSki (ATCC, CRL 1550) to determine antitumor activity and human skin fibroblasts (HSF) as a control. SiHa and L929 cell lines were used in the antiviral activity assay to propagate HHV-1 and EMCV, respectively. LAC was the most active against HSV at an early stage of viral replication, whereas the activity of laccase against EMCV was evident after incubation of the virus with LAC before and after the adsorption step. Moreover, the investigations showed that the fungal c-EPL fraction stimulated the production and secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 by THP-1-derived macrophages up to a level of 2000 pg/ml and 400 pg/ml, respectively. It was indicated for the first time that the LAC and ex-LMS fractions exhibited anticancer activity. This resulted from their cytotoxic or antiproliferative action against the investigated tumor cells at concentrations above 250 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizerska-Dudka
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: magdalena.jaszek@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaszek
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Błachowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz Piotr
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Rejczak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matuszewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osińska-Jaroszuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stefaniuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Janusz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sulej
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Martyna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kandefer-Szerszeń
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004686:Encephalomyocarditis virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D042845:Laccase / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D011124:Polyporaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042845:Laccase
keywords: Antiviral and anticancer activity; Endopolysaccharides; Immunostimulation; Laccase; Low molecular weight compounds; White rot fungi