title: Synthetic indole Mannich bases: Their ability to modulate in vitro cellular immunity.
abstract: The synthetic indole Mannich bases 1-13 have been investigated for their ability to modulate immune responses measured in vitro. These activities were based on monitoring their affects on T-lymphocyte proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), IL (interleukin)-2, IL-4, and nitric oxide production. Compound 5 was found to be the most potent immunomodulator in this context. Four of the synthesized compounds, 5, 11, 12, and 13, have significant potent inhibitory effects on T-cell proliferation, IL-4, and nitric oxide production. However, none of the thirteen indole compounds exerted any activity against ROS production.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: mmesaik@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: M Ahmed
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mesaik
authors.affiliation: H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan. Electronic address: hassaan2@super.net.pk.
authors.forename: Khalid Mohammed
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pukhthunkhwa, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Fazal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rahim
authors.affiliation: Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.affiliation: H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Syed Moazzam
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Haider
authors.affiliation: PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi 75280, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shahnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perveen
authors.affiliation: Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Institute of Radiobiology, Ministry of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3001, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Ahmed Shukralla
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Khalid
authors.affiliation: Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Institute of Radiobiology, Ministry of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3001, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Omer M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Abdalla
authors.affiliation: Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Samreen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soomro
authors.affiliation: Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 4, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Voelter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008352:Mannich Bases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007211:Indoles; D008352:Mannich Bases; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C030374:indole
keywords: Cytokine inhibition; Indole Mannich base; Nitric oxide; ROS