title: Dietary supplementation with glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid improves growth performance and serum parameters in 22- to 35-day-old broilers exposed to hot environment.
abstract: This study was designed using 360 21-day-old chicks to determine the influences of diet supplementation with glutamine (5 g/kg), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 100 mg/kg) or their combinations on performance and serum parameters exposed to cycling high temperatures. From 22 to 35 days, the experimental groups (2 × 2) were subjected to circular heat stress by exposing them to 30-34 °C cycling, while the positive control group was exposed to 23 °C constant. The blood of broilers was collected to detect serum parameters on days 28 and 35. Compared with the positive control group, the cycling high temperature decreased (p < 0.05) the feed consumption, weight gain and serum total protein (TP), glucose, thyroxine (T4), insulin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamine, GABA and glutamate levels, while increased (p < 0.05) the serum triglyceride (TG), corticosterone (CS), glucagon (GN), creatine kinase (CK), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels during 22-35 days. However, dietary glutamine (5 g/kg) increased (p < 0.05) the feed consumption, weight gain and serum levels of glutamine, TP, insulin and ALP, but decreased (p < 0.05) the serum TG, CK, GOT, NOS and GPT levels. Diet supplemented with GABA also increased (p < 0.05) weight gain and the serum levels of TP, T4, ALP, GABA and glutamine. In addition, the significant interactions (p < 0.05) between glutamine and GABA were found in the feed consumption, weight gain and the serum ALP, CK, LDH, GABA, T3 and T4 levels of heat-stressed chickens. This research indicated that dietary glutamine and GABA improved the antistress ability in performance and serum parameters of broilers under hot environment.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Che
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002645:Chickens; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000097:blood; D005973:Glutamine / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000662:veterinary*; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001798:Blood Proteins; D006728:Hormones; D014280:Triglycerides; D005973:Glutamine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
keywords: broilers; glutamine; growth performance; heat stress; serum parameters; γ-aminobutyric acid