title: Short-term complete submergence of rice at the tillering stage increases yield.
abstract: Flooding is a major threat to agricultural production. Most studies have focused on the lower water storage limit in rice fields, whereas few studies have examined the upper water storage limit. This study aimed to explore the effect of waterlogging at the rice tillering stage on rice growth and yield. The early-ripening late japonica variety Yangjing 4227 was selected for this study. The treatments included different submergence depths (submergence depth/plant height: 1/2 (waist submergence), 2/3 (neck submergence), and 1/1 (complete submergence)) and durations (1, 3, and 5 d). The control group was treated with the conventional alternation of drying and wetting. The effects of waterlogging at the tillering stage on root characteristics, dry matter production, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation, yield, yield components, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) gene expression were explored. Compared with the control group, the 1/1 group showed significant increases in yield, seed-setting rate, photosynthetically efficient leaf area, and OS-ACS3 gene expression after 1 d of submergence. The grain number per panicle, dry weight of the aboveground and belowground parts, and number of adventitious roots also increased. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the panicle number and nitrogen content; however, no significant correlation was found for phosphorus content. If a decrease in rice yield of less than 10% is acceptable, half, 2/3, and complete submergence of the plants can be performed at the tillering stage for 1-3 d; this treatment will increase the space available for rice field water management/control and will improve rainfall resource utilization.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Yajie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Zhensheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Hydraulic, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: School of Hydraulic, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Mingyao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D000069599:Crop Production / Q000379:methods*; D055868:Floods; D012275:Oryza / Q000254:growth & development*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water