title: Proton pump (H+/K+-ATPase) expression in human larynx.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of our study was to investigate and to identify the existence of proton pump in different parts of larynx. The presence of acidic content in this area is known to be connected to several laryngeal diseases. It is mostly developed by upward recurrence of acidic gastric content, but there are some signs that the acid can be produced in the larynx as well, because of the proton pump activity in laryngeal mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed on two types of specimens: (1) 50 cadaver larynges and (2) 11 surgical larynges obtained after laryngectomy. Samples were taken from supraglottis, glottis and subglottic areas and immunohistochemistry for the beta subunit of the proton pump was done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of proton pump was proved in seromucous glands in laryngeal supraglottic area, but it was also, for the first time, found in human chondrocytes in the thyroid and epiglottic cartilage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These new findings could encourage further research that would illuminate better the etiopathogenesis not only of laryngopharyngeal reflux, but also the pathophysiology of cartilaginous disorders.
authors.affiliation: (Medical Faculty Osijek), Clinical Hospital "Sisters of Mercy" Zagreb (ENT Dept), Vinogradska 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: stevanovic.sin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Siniša
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stevanović
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
authors.forename: Radivoje
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Radić
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
authors.forename: Željka Perić
authors.initials: ŽP
authors.lastname: Kačarević
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital "Sisters of Mercy" Zagreb, Vinogradska 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine University of Zagreb.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bedeković
authors.affiliation: SUVAG Polyclinic Zagreb, Lj. Posavskog 10, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aras
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital "Sisters of Mercy" Zagreb, Vinogradska 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine University of Zagreb.
authors.forename: Tomislav
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baudoin
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Šoš
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
authors.forename: Zvonimir
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Vrselja
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital "Sisters of Mercy" Zagreb, Vinogradska 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine University of Zagreb.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ivkić
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004825:Epiglottis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D017506:H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy; D007830:Larynx / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D013957:Thyroid Cartilage / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017506:H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase
keywords: Laryngopharyngeal reflux; Larynx; Proton pump; Thyroid cartilage