title: Advances in cerebral monitoring for the patient with traumatic brain injury.
abstract: A brief overview of the most common invasive and noninvasive monitoring tools collectively referred to using the term "multimodal monitoring" is provided. Caring for the critically ill patient with traumatic brain injury requires careful monitoring to prevent or reduce secondary brain injury. Concurrent to the growth of the subspecialty of neurocritical care, there has been a concerted effort to discover novel mechanisms to monitor the physiology of brain injury. The past 2 decades have witnessed an exponential growth in neurologic monitoring in terms of intracranial pressure, blood flow, metabolism, oxygenation, advanced neuroimaging, and electrophysiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Zakraus
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mahdavi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Naregnia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pierre-Louis
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Thuy-Tien
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address: Daiwai.Olson@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: DaiWai M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Olson
mesh_terms: D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Intensive care; Multimodal monitoring; Neurocritical care; Nursing; Traumatic brain injury