title: Changes in receptivity epithelial cell markers of endometrium after ovarian stimulation treatments: its role during implantation window.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To compare the expression of receptivity markers in epithelial and stromal cells in the endometrium of ovulatory women and infertile with hypothalamic pituitary dysfunction (HPD), untreated or treated with clomiphene citrate (CC), or with recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve control ovulatory and 32 anovulatory women, 22 of whom received ovulation induction with CC (n = 12) or rFSH (n = 10). Endometrial biopsies were obtained during the mid-secretory phase. Hormonal secretion was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay, endometrial dating and cellular expression and distribution of receptivity proteins were evaluated by quantitative immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CC or rFSH treatments, modified the expression of epithelial receptivity markers, such as Glycodelin A, beta-catenin, CD166/ALCAM and IGF-1R, but not in stromal markers. Also, a change in their cell distribution was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of infertile women with HPD modified the expression and distribution of receptivity markers in the mid-secretory phase of the endometrium in epithelial but not stromal cells, which can help to explain changes in the receptivity of the endometrium during treatments and suggest an important role of these cells in the receptivity window.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico. franciscojavier.valdez@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Valdez-Morales
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, D.F., Mexico. agamboad@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gamboa-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia # 3, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, D.F., Mexico. victor.vital@imss.gob.mx.
authors.forename: Victor S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Vital-Reyes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia # 3, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, D.F., Mexico. juan.hinojosa@imss.gob.mx.
authors.forename: Juan C Hinojosa
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, México, D.F., Mexico. jchimal@unam.mx.|Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, México, D.F., Mexico. jchimal@unam.mx.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chimal-Monroy
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico. yanitsomo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yanira
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Franco-Murillo
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico. mcerbon85@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cerbón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D002996:Clomiphene; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone