title: Impacts of Maternal Nutrition on Vascularity of Nutrient Transferring Tissues during Gestation and Lactation.
abstract: As the demand for food increases with exponential growth in the world population, it is imperative that we understand how to make livestock production as efficient as possible in the face of decreasing available natural resources. Moreover, it is important that livestock are able to meet their metabolic demands and supply adequate nutrition to developing offspring both during pregnancy and lactation. Specific nutrient supplementation programs that are designed to offset deficiencies, enhance efficiency, and improve nutrient supply during pregnancy can alter tissue vascular responses, fetal growth, and postnatal offspring outcomes. This review outlines how vascularity in nutrient transferring tissues, namely the maternal gastrointestinal tract, the utero-placental tissue, and the mammary gland, respond to differing nutritional planes and other specific nutrient supplementation regimes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA. Kim.Vonnahme@ndsu.edu.
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Vonnahme
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. CLemley@ads.msstate.edu.
authors.forename: Caleb O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Lemley
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA. Joel.Caton@ndsu.edu.
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Caton
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbus, MO 65210, USA. MeyerAll@missouri.edu.
authors.forename: Allison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D010920:Placenta / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D010929:Placentation; D011247:Pregnancy
keywords: mammary gland; placenta; small intestine; uterine blood flow