title: Hypertension--an emerging cardiovascular risk factor in HIV infection.
abstract: Patients with HIV may have an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for hypertension in a population of HIV-infected patients at an HIV/AIDS clinic in southern Brazil. We reviewed medical records of 1009 HIV-infected patients aged 18 years or more in an urban HIV/AIDS clinic based in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. Hypertension was defined according to the Eighth Joint National Committee criteria. The prevalence of hypertension in this study cohort was 22.5% (95% confidence interval, 20%-25.2%). Individuals were significantly older in the hypertensive group (P < .001). After adjustment using a Poisson regression model of all variables that presented P < .2 in the univariate analysis, the variables that were significantly associated with hypertension were only age ≥40 years and obesity. Also in this setting, dyslipidemia (P = .068) showed a tendency of association with hypertension. Compared with HIV-infected persons aged 18-39 years, those aged 40-59 years presented a 2-fold higher prevalence of hypertension (95% confidence interval, 1.2-3.3).The present study showed a high prevalence of hypertension among HIV-infected persons, similar to other studies, ranging from 13% to 45%, and also similar to the HIV-negative general population. Age and obesity were the factors associated with hypertension. Finally, the present study indicates a similar pattern of behavior and comorbidities for HIV-positive and -negative patients in relation to hypertension.
authors.affiliation: IAPI HIV Clinic, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Hospital Fêmina, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Course in Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: vicente_antonello@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Vicente Sperb
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Antonello
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivan Carlos Ferreira
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Antonello
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago Kreutz
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Grossmann
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Course in Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiane Valle
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Tovo
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna Brasil Dal
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Pupo
authors.affiliation: IAPI HIV Clinic, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lisiane de Quadros
authors.initials: Lde Q
authors.lastname: Winckler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Age; arterial hypertension; human immunodeficiency virus; obesity; vascular dysfunction