title: Palygorskite changes heavy metal bioavailability and microbial functional diversity in sewage sludge composting.
abstract: To investigate the effects of palygorskite on chemical forms of heavy metal and microbial functional diversity in the sewage sludge composting, a compost matrix of sewage sludge, wheat straw and varying contents of palygorskite were inoculated with the compound microbial preparation. The chemical speciation analysis by a Community Bureau of Reference-sequential extraction indicated the contribution of palygorskite to reduce the bioavailability of a model metal, Cu, during the composting process. The Biolog EcoPlate(TM) test revealed that the microbial community showed better capability of utilizing complex macro-molecules (such as miscellaneous and polymers) in the presence of palygorskite. Increasing the palygorskite contents from 1% to 5%, the microbial activity showed an increasing tendency. However, continuously increasing the palygorskite resulted in a decline of the microbial metabolism. Therefore, appropriate content of palygorskite is an ideal additive for composting, not only enhancing the microbial activity, but also reducing the metal toxicity.
authors.affiliation: a School of Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Textile University , 1 Fangzhi Road, Wuhan 430073 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Siying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a School of Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Textile University , 1 Fangzhi Road, Wuhan 430073 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a School of Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Textile University , 1 Fangzhi Road, Wuhan 430073 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: a School of Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Textile University , 1 Fangzhi Road, Wuhan 430073 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: a School of Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Textile University , 1 Fangzhi Road, Wuhan 430073 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: b College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ci
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: c Laboratory of General & Inorganic Chemical Technology, Department of Chemistry , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Greece.
authors.forename: George Z
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Kyzas
authors.affiliation: d School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Daniel Lab 304, Atlanta , GA 30332 , USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012722:Sewage; D017655:Silicon Compounds; C026325:attapulgite
keywords: composting; heavy metal; microbial functional diversity; palygorskite; sewage sludge