title: Changes in urination according to the sound of running water using a mobile phone application.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The sound of running water (SRW) has been effectively used for toilet training during toddlerhood. However, the effect of SRW on voiding functions in adult males with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has not been evaluated. To determine the effect of SRW on urination in male patients with LUTS, multiple voiding parameters of uroflowmetry with postvoid residual urine (PVR) were assessed according to the presence of SRW played by a mobile application.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen consecutive male patients with LUTS were prospectively enrolled between March and April 2014. Uroflowmetry with PVR measured by a bladder scan was randomly performed once weekly for two consecutive weeks with and without SRW in a completely sealed room after pre-checked bladder volume was scanned to be more than 150 cc. SRW was played with river water sounds amongst relaxed melodies from a smartphone mobile application.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of enrolled patients and their mean International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) were 58.9 ± 7.7 years (range: 46-70) and 13.1 ± 5.9, respectively. All patients had not been prescribed any medications, including alpha-blockers or anti-muscarinic agents, in the last 3 months. There was a significant increase in mean peak flow rate (PFR) with SRW in comparison to without SRW (15.7 mL/s vs. 12.3 mL/s, respectively, p = 0.0125). However, there were no differences in other uroflowmetric parameters, including PVR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed that SRW from a mobile phone application may be helpful in facilitating voiding functions by increasing PFR in male LUTS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Whi-An
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biometric Research, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Sohee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Joung
authors.affiliation: Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Jinsoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Kang Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Genitourinary Cancer Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063731:Mobile Applications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013016:Sound; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology*; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology