title: Honey bee is a potential antioxidant against cyclophosphamide-induced genotoxicity in albino male mice.
abstract: The protective effects of honey bee (HB) and pollen grains against cyclophosphamide (CPM) -induced cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in mice were investigated. This was achieved through study the effects of CPM and HB on oxidative status, chromosomal aberrations and gene expression of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL1β), interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in mice. In addition, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde were determined. The results of this study revealed that CPM decrease in GSH level and increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the liver and kidney tissues. Moreover, CPM induced sperm abnormality, chromosomal aberrations and down regulated the expression of the studied cytokine genes. HB treatment in association with CPM ameliorates GSH, MDA, chromosomal aberrations and regulated the expression of IL-1-β, IL-17A, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ. Thus, HB inhibits the cytotoxic and genotoxic risks associated with CPM treatment in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia / Department of Cell Biology, National Research Centre (60014618), Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Khairy Mohamed Abdallah
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Zoheir
authors.affiliation: Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia / Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Gamaleldin Ibrahim
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Harisa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Cairo, Egypt / Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Osama Mohamed
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Abo-Salem
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sheikh Fayaz
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000633:toxicity*; D000975:Antioxidants; D001516:Bees; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005978:Glutathione / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D011058:Pollen; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; C098680:Il17a protein, mouse; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005978:Glutathione