title: Academic achievement among immigrant and U.S.-born Latino adolescents: Associations with cultural, family, and acculturation factors.
abstract: This study examined proximal risk and protective factors that contribute to academic achievement among 130 Latino students. Participating students were 56.2% female and 35.3% foreign-born (mean age = 11.38, SD = .59). Acculturative stress, immigrant status, child gender, parental monitoring, traditional cultural values, mainstream values, and English language proficiency were explored in relation to academic achievement. Higher levels of parental monitoring, English language proficiency, and female gender were associated with higher grades, while mainstream values were associated with lower grades. In addition, a significant interaction between acculturative stress and immigrant status was found, such that higher acculturative stress was related to poorer grades for U.S.-born students in particular. Thus, parental monitoring and female gender are potential protective factors, while identification with mainstream values and low English language proficiency are risk factors for poor grades. U.S.-born students may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of acculturative stress.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Loyola University Chicago, Department of Psychology.
authors.forename: Catherine DeCarlo
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, University of Denver, Department of Psychology.
authors.forename: Omar G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Gudiño
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Student in the School of Education and Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Shilpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baweja
authors.affiliation: Assitant Professor, New York University, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
authors.forename: Erum
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nadeem
keywords: Latino; academic achievement; acculturation; adolescents; cultural values