title: γδ Τ cells enhance B cells for antibody production in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and retinoic acid induces apoptosis of the γδ Τ cell.
abstract: TCR γδ(+) Τ cells are important in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. This study investigated the effect of γδ T cells on autoantibody production in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). A total of 148 subjects were enrolled, including 99 patients with HT, 5 with simple goiters, and 44 healthy controls. Peripheral blood and thyroid mononuclear cells were subjected to flow cytometric analysis. Thyroid tissues underwent immunofluorescent staining and immunohistochemistry for γδ T cells and anti-thyroid antibody detection. Antibody production was measured by ELISA and automated chemiluminescent immunoassays. And activation and apoptosis of peripheral blood γδT cells and B cells were measured by flow cytometric analysis. The percentage of γδ T cells were greater in thyroid tissue from HT patients than that of goiter patients (n = 5, 5.33 ± 1.20 vs. 2.07 ± 0.44 %; P < 0.05), with the Vδ1(+) γδ T cell subset especially dominant. Frequencies of CD69 (8.42 ± 1.08 vs. 1.60 ± 0.38 %, P < 0.001), HLA-DR (58.12 ± 6.36 vs. 37.82 ± 3.70 %, P < 0.05), CD40L (1.58 ± 0.35 vs. 0.15 ± 0.05 %, P < 0.01), and ICOS (2.78 ± 0.66 vs. 0.28 ± 0.13 %, P < 0.01) expressed on γδ T cells from HT patients (n = 19) were significantly increased compared with those of healthy controls (n = 15). More importantly, γδ T cells from HT patients enhanced B cells for antibody production, and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment inhibited the effect by inducing apoptosis of γδ Τ cells. γδ Τ cells appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HT, and ATRA might be an effective regulator for HT patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, 226361, China.
authors.forename: Hongli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Immunology, Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Yufei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Chengcheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Yuepeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Guoyue
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Immunology, Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Shengjun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Deyu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China. mcm20040901@126.com.|Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China. mcm20040901@126.com.
authors.forename: Chaoming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000917:Antibody Formation; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014212:Tretinoin
keywords: All-trans retinoic acid; Autoantibodies; Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; γδ T cells