title: Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreas Rejection.
abstract: Despite significant improvement in pancreas allograft survival, rejection of the pancreas remains a major clinical problem. In addition to cellular rejection of the pancreas, antibody-mediated rejection of the pancreas is now a well-described entity. The 2011 Banff update established comprehensive guidelines for the diagnosis of acute and chronic AMR. The pancreas biopsy is critical in order to accurately diagnose and treat pancreas rejection. Other modes of monitoring pancreas rejection we feel are neither sensitive nor specific enough. In this review, we examine recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreas rejection as well as describe practical diagnostic and treatment algorithms.
authors.affiliation: Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, 600 Highland Ave, Clinical Science Cntr-H4/756, Madison, WI 53792 USA.
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Redfield
authors.affiliation: Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, 600 Highland Ave, Clinical Science Cntr-H4/756, Madison, WI 53792 USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.affiliation: Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, 600 Highland Ave, Clinical Science Cntr-H4/756, Madison, WI 53792 USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Odorico
keywords: Diagnosis; Pancreas rejection; Treatment