title: CBCT evaluation of buccal bone regeneration in postmenopausal women with and without osteopenia or osteoporosis undergoing dental implant therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because alveolar bone augmentation in women with osteoporosis/osteopenia has an uncertain prognosis, objective and reliable methods should be used to study standard surgical approaches.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate bone regeneration 9 months after bone augmentation and implant placement in postmenopausal women with different levels of systemic bone health by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to test proof of concept for this measurement approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  A subset of 14 participants was analyzed in a best practice study of postmenopausal women receiving dental implants and simultaneous horizontal ridge augmentation. Women were categorized as osteopenic/osteoporotic or normal based on the results of preoperative dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. All implant study sites received a particulate graft and/or buccal plate expansion. The study sites were evaluated with CBCT preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and 9 months postoperatively. Nonparametric statistics were used for all analyses. The related samples Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess the differences in bone width between time points (α=.05 for all tests).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 9 months, 13 out of 14 participants showed increased bone width compared to the preoperative baseline measurements. The increase was statistically significant for the participants with osteoporosis/osteopenia (P=.007), but not for those with normal bone health (P=.066). The CBCT scans showed that mineralized tissue buccal to the implant surface had the radiographic appearance of mature bone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CBCT showed evidence of bone regeneration, with an increase in alveolar ridge width in postmenopausal osteopenic/osteoporotic women subsequent to surgical reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Conn. Electronic address: tadinada@uchc.edu.
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tadinada
authors.affiliation: Research Assistant III, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Conn.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Conn.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taxel
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Conn.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Conn.
authors.forename: Kandasamy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rengasamy
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Conn.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pendrys
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Conn.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freilich
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000150:complications; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications; D017698:Postmenopause; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants