title: Development of quantum dots-based biosensor towards on-farm detection of subclinical ketosis.
abstract: Early detection of dairy animal health issues allows the producer or veterinarian to intervene before the animals' production levels, or even survival, is threatened. An increased concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate (βHBA) is a key biomarker for diagnosis of subclinical ketosis (SCK), and provides information on the health stress in cows well before any external symptoms are observable. In this study, quantum dots (QDs) modified with cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) were prepared for the sensing event, by which the βHBA concentration in the cow's blood and milk samples was determined via fluorescence analysis of the functionalized QDs. The detection was performed on a custom designed microfluidic platform combining with a low cost and miniaturized optical sensor. The sensing mechanism was first validated by a microplate reader method and then applied to the microfluidic platform. Standard βHBA solution, βHBA in blood and milk samples from cows were successfully measured by this novel technology with a detection limit at a level of 35 µM. Side by side comparison of the developed microfluidic biosensor with a commercial kit presented its good performance.
authors.affiliation: BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Longyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada N1G 2W1. Electronic address: sneethir@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neethirajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duffield
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D007662:Ketosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D009243:NAD / Q000737:chemistry; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009243:NAD; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
keywords: Microfluidics; Quantum dots; Subclinical ketosis; β-hydroxybutyrate