title: Improving Lowland Rice (O. sativa L. cv. MR219) Plant Growth Variables, Nutrients Uptake, and Nutrients Recovery Using Crude Humic Substances.
abstract: High cation exchange capacity and organic matter content of crude humic substances from compost could be exploited to reduce ammonia loss from urea and to as well improve rice growth and soil chemical properties for efficient nutrients utilization in lowland rice cultivation. Close-dynamic air flow system was used to determine the effects of crude humic substances on ammonia volatilization. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of crude humic substances on rice plant growth, nutrients uptake, nutrients recovery, and soil chemical properties using an acid soil mixed with three rates of crude humic substances (20, 40, and 60 g pot(-1)). Standard procedures were used to evaluate rice plant dry matter production, nutrients uptake, nutrients recovery, and soil chemical properties. Application of crude humic substances increased ammonia volatilization. However, the lowest rate of crude humic substances (20 g pot(-1)) significantly improved total dry matter, nutrients uptake, nutrients recovery, and soil nutrients availability compared with crude humic substances (40 and 60 g pot(-1)) and the normal fertilization. Apart from improving growth of rice plants, crude humic substances can be used to ameliorate acid soils in rice cultivation. The findings of this study are being validated in our ongoing field trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Perumal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palanivell
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia ; Agriculture and Environment, Borneo Eco-Science Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia ; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Osumanu Haruna
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nik Muhamad
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ab Majid
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kampus Sandakan, Locked Bag No. 3, 90509 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohamadu Boyie
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Jalloh
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kasim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Susilawati
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D006812:Humic Substances; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D014508:Urea
chemical_list: D006812:Humic Substances; D012987:Soil; D000641:Ammonia; D014508:Urea