title: Fine-resolution maps of acoustic properties at 250 MHz of unstained fixed murine retinal layers.
abstract: Ex vivo assessment of microscale tissue biomechanical properties of the mammalian retina could offer insights into diseases such as keratoconus, and macular degeneration. A 250-MHz scanning acoustic microscope (7-μm resolution) has been constructed to derive two-dimensional quantitative maps of attenuation (α), speed of sound (c), acoustic impedance (Z), bulk modulus (B), and mass density ( ρ). The two-dimensional maps were compared to coregistered hematoxylin-and-eosin stained sections. This study is the first to quantitatively assess  α, c, Z, B, and ρ of individual retinal layers of mammalian animals at high ultrasound frequencies. Significant differences in these parameters between the layers were demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Lizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research, New York, New York 10038, USA drohrbach@riversideresearch.org.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rohrbach
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA hl2596@cumc.columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Harriet O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.affiliation: Lizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research, New York, New York 10038, USA rs3072@cumc.columbia.edu, JMamou@RiversideResearch.org.
authors.forename: Ronald H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.affiliation: Lizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research, New York, New York 10038, USA rs3072@cumc.columbia.edu, JMamou@RiversideResearch.org.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mamou
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005838:Genotype; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D010641:Phenotype; D012160:Retina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C105846:retinol dehydrogenase 5