title: Correlation of Arsenic Levels in Smokeless Tobacco Products and Biological Samples of Oral Cancer Patients and Control Consumers.
abstract: It has been extensively reported that chewing of smokeless tobacco (SLT) can lead to cancers of oral cavity. In present study, the relationship between arsenic (As) exposure via chewing/inhaling different SLT products in oral cancer patients have or/not consumed SLT products was studied. The As in different types of SLT products (gutkha, mainpuri, and snuff) and biological (scalp hair and blood) samples of different types of oral cancer patients and controls were analyzed. Both controls and oral cancer patients have same age group (ranged 30-60 years), socio-economic status, localities, and dietary habits. The concentrations of As in SLT products and biological samples were measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometer after microwave-assisted acid digestion. The validity and accuracy of the methodology were checked by certified reference materials. The resulted data of present study indicates that the concentration of As was significantly higher in scalp hair and blood samples of oral cancer patients than those of controls (p<0.001). It was also observed that the values of As were two- to threefolds higher in biological samples of controls subjects, consuming SLT products as compared to those have none of these habits (p>0.01). The intake of As via consuming different SLT may have synergistic effects, in addition to other risk factors associated with oral cancer.
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. ssadiashafi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sadaf S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Arain
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. tgkazi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Tasneem G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. hassanimranafridi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hassan I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Afridi
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. farahtalpur@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Farah N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Talpur
authors.affiliation: Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. dratifgulkazi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Atif G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. kr_brahman@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Kapil D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Brahman
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. naeemullah433@yahoo.com.
authors.lastname: Naeemullah
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. haleem_analyst@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abdul H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Panhwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. afzal82_kamboh@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Muhammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamboh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010154:Pakistan; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012535:Scalp / Q000187:drug effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D012923:Social Class; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Arsenic; Atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Biological samples; Oral cancer; Smokeless tobacco products