title: Enhanced electroactive and mechanical properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) by controlling crystallization and interfacial interactions with low loading polydopamine coated BaTiO₃.
abstract: Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a semi-crystalline polymer and the polar β-phase of PVDF shows superb electroactive properties. In order to enhance the β-phase of PVDF, extreme low content of BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NPs) coated with polydopamine (Pdop) were incorporated into PVDF matrix by solution casting. The β-phase of the resulting PVDF nanocomposites film was dramatically increased and the d33 value reached 34.3±0.4 pCN(-1). It is found that the Pdop layer could improve the dispersibility and stability of the BT NPs in solution and endow the BT NPs good dispersity in the PVDF matrix. Moreover, the interfacial interaction between PVDF chains and the surface of BT-Pdop nanoparticles (BT-Pdop NPs) were revealed, in which the CF2 groups on PVDF could interact with the electron-rich plane of aromatic ring of Pdop moiety. This interaction, led to the increase of the crystallization activation energy as derived from the DSC nonisothermal crystallization measurement. The α-β crystal transformation, organization of interfacial interactions as well as the prevention of agglomeration of BT-NPs confer the improvement of mechanical and thermal properties of PVDF, such as toughness, tensile strength, elongation at break, and thermal conductivity.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: qxing@ucas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Guangmei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: rsong@ucas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D017609:Barium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization; D004560:Electricity; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers
chemical_list: D017609:Barium Compounds; D007211:Indoles; D011108:Polymers; D011145:Polyvinyls; D014025:Titanium; C568283:polydopamine; C024547:barium titanate(IV); C024865:polyvinylidene fluoride; D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers
keywords: Barium titanate; Interfacial interaction; Piezoelectric materials; Poly(vinylidene fluoride); Polydopamine