title: Removal of lead and phosphate ions from aqueous solutions by organo-smectite.
abstract: Smectite has been modified using hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide in an amount of double cationic exchange capacity. This alteration makes it possible to use organo-smectite as a sorbent to remove anionic forms. The experiment consisted of the interchangeable sorption of phosphate(V) and lead(II) by organo-smectite. Research was carried out with varying pH (2-5) and various concentrations (0.1-5 mmol/L). Organo-smectite with previously adsorbed lead ions removed more phosphate than the untreated organo-smectite. Experimental data show that lead is more likely to absorb on the organo-smectite than on the organo-smectite with previously adsorbed phosphate ions. It follows that the most effective use of the organo-smectite is through the sorption of first - Pb cations and then PO4 anions. With an increasing concentration of Pb(II) or P(V), the sorption efficiency increases. The maximum sorption efficiency of lead and phosphate ions is observed at pH 5. This enables the removal of harmful lead and phosphorus compounds from waste water and immobilizes them on the sorbent's surface. The alternating reactions of lead and phosphorus ions result in the crystallization of brompyromorphite Pb5(PO4)3Br.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry , AGH University of Science and Technology , al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow , Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bajda
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry , AGH University of Science and Technology , al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow , Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Szala
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry , AGH University of Science and Technology , al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow , Poland.
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Solecka
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D017640:Silicates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007854:Lead; C033214:Smectite
keywords: HDTMA; brompyromorphite; modification; precipitation; sorption