title: Deregulation of energetic metabolism in the clear cell renal cell carcinoma: A multiple pathway analysis based on microarray profiling.
abstract: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequent type of kidney cancer. In order to better understand the biology of ccRCC, we accomplished the gene profiling of fresh tissue specimens from 11 patients with the renal tumors (9 ccRCCs, 1 oncocytoma and 1 renal B-lymphoma), in which the tumor-related data were compared to the paired healthy kidney tissues from the same patients. All ccRCCs exhibited a considerably elevated transcription of the gene coding for carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). Moreover, the ccRCC tumors consistently displayed increased expression of genes encoding the glycolytic pathway enzymes, e.g. hexokinase II (HK2) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and a decreased expression of genes for the mitochondrial electron transport chain components, indicating an overall reprogramming of the energetic metabolism in this tumor type. This appears to be accompanied by altered expression of the genes of the pH regulating machinery, including ion and lactate transporters. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue sections confirmed the increased expression of CAIX, HK2 and LDHA in ccRCC, validating the microarray data and supporting their potential as the energetic metabolism-related biomarkers of the ccRCC.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soltysova
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Breza
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takacova
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feruszova
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Sona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hudecova
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Barbora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Novotna
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Pneumology and Pthisiology, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Martin, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rozborilova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pastorekova
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Ludevit
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kadasi
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Krizanova
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D045022:Lactate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; D045022:Lactate Dehydrogenases; D006593:Hexokinase; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases