title: Lactotransferrin Gene Polymorphism Associated with Caries Experience.
abstract: Dental caries is a common multifactorial disease, resulting from the interaction of biofilm, cariogenic diet and host response over time. Lactotransferrin (LTF) is a main salivary glycoprotein, which modulates the host immune-inflammatory and antibacterial response. Although a genetic component for caries outcome has been identified, little is known over the genetic aspects underlying its susceptibility. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between LTF polymorphisms and caries susceptibility. Six hundred seventy seven 12-year-old students were selected: 346 with (DMFT ≥ 1) and 331 without caries experience (DMFT = 0). Also, individuals concentrating higher levels of disease (polarization group, DMFT ≥ 2, n = 253) were tested against those with DMFT ≤ 1 (n = 424). Along with clinical parameters, three representative LTF tag SNPs (rs6441989, rs2073495, rs11716497) were genotyped and the results were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Allele A for tag SNP rs6441989 was found to be significantly less frequent in the polarization group, conferring a protective effect against caries experience [AA + AG × GG (OR: 0.710, 95% CI: 0.514-0.980, p = 0.045)], and remained significantly associated with caries protection in the presence of gingivitis (p = 0.020) and plaque (p = 0.035). These results might contribute to the understanding of the genetic control of caries susceptibility in humans.
authors.affiliation: Core for Advanced Molecular Investigation (COMI), School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Doetzer
authors.forename: João A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Brancher
authors.forename: Giovana D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Pecharki
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schlipf
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Werneck
authors.forename: Marcelo T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Riess
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Paula Cristina
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Trevilatto
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine; D002021:Buffers; D002648:Child; D003596:Cytosine; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000235:genetics*; D003733:Dental Caries Susceptibility / Q000235:genetics*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000145:classification; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000145:classification; D006147:Guanine; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; C490098:LTF protein, human; D006147:Guanine; D003596:Cytosine; D007781:Lactoferrin; D000225:Adenine