title: Early Detection of Bi-ventricular and Atrial Mechanical Dysfunction Using Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Patients with Sarcoidosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease with unknown etiology involving several organs. Myocardial involvement, pericarditis, severe rhythm abnormalities, and heart valve disease due to papillary muscle dysfunction are some of the cardiac manifestations. Conventional echocardiographic methods remain insufficient for the determination of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with sarcoidosis. In our study, we investigated the impact of sarcoidosis on bi-ventricular and atrial functions using two-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients with sarcoidosis and 20 age and sex-matched controls were recruited into study. All subjects underwent a transthoracic echocardiography for the evaluation of ventricular and atrial functions with 2D STE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Left ventricular (LV) dimensions, LV ejection fraction, and right ventricular (RV) systolic velocity were similar between the two groups. Left atrial (LA) diameter was significantly higher in sarcoidosis patients than controls. Eighteen (45%) patients in the sarcoidosis group and 1 (5%) patient in the control group had LV diastolic dysfunction. LV global longitudinal, radial, circumferential strain, twist, untwists, and RV global longitudinal strain values were significantly lower in sarcoidosis patients compared to controls. LA and RA reservoir functions were also significantly lower in sarcoidosis patients than controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although impaired LV diastolic function was detected using conventional parameters, only novel advanced echocardiographic modalities demonstrated impaired bi-ventricular and atrial mechanical functions in patients with sarcoidosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kursat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tigen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. drsunbul@yahoo.com.tr.|Marmara University Education and Research Hospital, Fevzi Cakmak Mahallesi, Muhsin Yazicioglu Caddesi, No: 10, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey. drsunbul@yahoo.com.tr.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sunbul
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Acibadem University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tansu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karaahmet
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tasar
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dundar
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Medicine Clinic, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yalcinsoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mumtaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takir
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Medicine Clinic, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Esen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akkaya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016275:Atrial Function; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications*; D013318:Stroke Volume; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Atrial function; Sarcoidosis; Speckle tracking echocardiography; Ventricular function