title: Age-related delay in urinary stone clearance in elderly patients with solitary proximal ureteral calculi treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
abstract: We investigated the effects of aging on the stone-free rate (SFR) after shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for the treatment of proximal ureteral calculi. A total of 247 consecutive patients were retrospectively selected, classified into seven groups set at 10 year increments (from 20 to 90 years), and examined for SFR after SWL. According to our final analysis, 185 male and 62 female patients with an average age of 54.1 years had stones with a diameter of 11.5 mm and a density of 893.1 Hounsfield units. On average, SFR was 74.9 % at 3 months after 1.7 SWL sessions. SFR gradually reached ≥ 90 % for each age-group after 1.5-2 years. Median durations to achieve 50 % SFR were estimated to be 21 and 86 days for those in their 20 and 80 s, respectively. However, the difference between the two estimates was not significant (p = 0.064). The durations to achieve 50 % SFR for the other groups lay between these two estimates. Aging does not affect long-term SFR, but patients aged ≥ 80 years might experience delayed stone clearance within the first 12 months after SWL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Iida-Nishi 2-2-2, Yamagata City, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. o.ichiyanagi@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ichiyanagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Iida-Nishi 2-2-2, Yamagata City, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, South Miyagi Medical Center, Aza-nishi 38-1, Ogawara Town, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, South Miyagi Medical Center, Aza-nishi 38-1, Ogawara Town, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Iida-Nishi 2-2-2, Yamagata City, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aging; Elder; Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; Stone-free; Ureteral stone