title: Intraoperative Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage After Penetrating Keratoplasty: Case Series and Review of Literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe four cases of intraoperative suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SCH) during penetrating keratoplasty and to review the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases with intraoperative SCH during penetrating keratoplasty over 3-year period were reviewed. The parameters evaluated were ocular and systemic risk factors, intraoperative details, and postoperative outcomes. A review of literature of intraoperative SCH during penetrating keratoplasty was also conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 543 cases that underwent penetrating keratoplasty for optical indications during the study period, four cases developed intraoperative SCH, which is an incidence of 0.73%. Suprachoroidal hemorrhage occurred in the following cases: failed pediatric graft, donor eye in a case of contralateral autokeratoplasty, Marfan syndrome with aphakic bullous keratopathy who had undergone multiple ocular surgeries, and a case of healed keratitis with corneoiridic scar. The mean age, axial length, and intraocular pressure were 32.75±22.17 years (range, 4-57 years), 23.29±2.12 mm (range, 20.38-25.2 mm), and 16.25±3.86 mm Hg (range, 16-20 mm Hg), respectively. Postoperatively, two eyes had a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of counting fingers. The third case had BCVA of light perception (LP), and fourth eye had no LP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The visual outcomes in cases of open-sky penetrating keratoplasty with SCH continue to be abysmally poor. The importance of thoroughly informing the patient about this complication cannot be underrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology (P.B., N.M.), Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; and Department of Ophthalmology (S.G.), Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Pooja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bandivadekar
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Namrata
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002832:Choroid Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology