title: IMSEQ--a fast and error aware approach to immunogenetic sequence analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recombined T- and B-cell receptor repertoires are increasingly being studied using next generation sequencing (NGS) in order to interrogate the repertoire composition as well as changes in the distribution of receptor clones under different physiological and disease states. This type of analysis requires efficient and unambiguous clonotype assignment to a large number of NGS read sequences, including the identification of the incorporated V and J gene segments and the CDR3 sequence. Current tools have deficits with respect to performance, accuracy and documentation of their underlying algorithms and usage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present IMSEQ, a method to derive clonotype repertoires from NGS data with sophisticated routines for handling errors stemming from PCR and sequencing artefacts. The application can handle different kinds of input data originating from single- or paired-end sequencing in different configurations and is generic regarding the species and gene of interest. We have carefully evaluated our method with simulated and real world data and show that IMSEQ is superior to other tools with respect to its clonotyping as well as standalone error correction and runtime performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  IMSEQ was implemented in C++ using the SeqAn library for efficient sequence analysis. It is freely available under the GPLv2 open source license and can be downloaded at www.imtools.org.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  lkuchenb@inf.fu-berlin.de or peter.robinson@charite.de.
authors.affiliation: Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kuchenbecker
authors.affiliation: Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Mikalai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nienen
authors.affiliation: Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.affiliation: Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Avidan U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Babel
authors.affiliation: Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reinert
authors.affiliation: Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum and Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D019674:Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007125:Immunogenetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D012984:Software