title: Numerical study of extreme events in a laser diode with phase-conjugate optical feedback.
abstract: Extreme intensity pulses sharing statistical properties similar to rogue waves have been recently observed in a laser diode with phase-conjugate feedback [A. Karsaklian Dal Bosco, D. Wolfersberger, and M. Sciamanna, Opt. Lett. 38, 703 (2013)], but remain unexplained. We demonstrate here that a rate equation model of a laser diode that includes an instantaneous phase-conjugate feedback field reproduces qualitatively well the statistical features of these extreme events as identified in the experiment, i.e., the deviation of the intensity statistics to a Gaussian-shape statistics and the statistics of the time separating extreme events. The numerical simulations confirm the importance of the feedback strength in increasing the number of such extreme events and allow us to explain how extreme events emerge from a sequence of bifurcations on self-pulsating solutions, the so-called external cavity modes.
authors.affiliation: OPTEL Research Group, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes, EA No. 4423, CentraleSupélec, 2 Rue Édouard Belin, 57070 Metz, France.
authors.forename: Émeric
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Mercier
authors.affiliation: OPTEL Research Group, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes, EA No. 4423, CentraleSupélec, 2 Rue Édouard Belin, 57070 Metz, France.
authors.forename: Armelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Even
authors.affiliation: OPTEL Research Group, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes, EA No. 4423, CentraleSupélec, 2 Rue Édouard Belin, 57070 Metz, France.
authors.forename: Elodie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mirisola
authors.affiliation: OPTEL Research Group, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes, EA No. 4423, CentraleSupélec, 2 Rue Édouard Belin, 57070 Metz, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wolfersberger
authors.affiliation: OPTEL Research Group, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes, EA No. 4423, CentraleSupélec, 2 Rue Édouard Belin, 57070 Metz, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sciamanna