title: Theranostic Photosensitive Nanoparticles for Lymph Node Metastasis of Gastric Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preoperative and intraoperative diagnoses of lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with gastric cancer is essential to determine the extent of LN dissection in order to establish individualized treatment strategies. We investigated the theranostic value of a newly developed drug delivery system employing nanoparticles loaded with the indocyanine green (ICG) derivative ICG-loaded lactosome (ICGm) using a murine draining LN metastasis model of gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the experimental draining LN metastasis model of human gastric cancer, the right hind footpads of nude mice were injected with cancer cells. Three weeks later, either ICGm or ICG solution was injected through the tail vein. Forty-eight hours after the administration of a photosensitizer, in vivo and ex vivo imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) were performed, and size of the LNs was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vivo imaging revealed metastatic LNs in the ICGm-treated mice but not in the ICG-treated mice. PDT using ICGm induced apoptosis and significantly inhibited the growth of metastatic LNs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICGm presents a novel theranostic nanodevice for LN metastasis of gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. tsujihi@ndmc.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Risa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takahata
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hiraki
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Traumatology, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.affiliation: Division of Traumatology, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.affiliation: Division of Traumatology, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Daizo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozeki
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hase
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000556:secondary*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D019344:Lactic Acid; D007208:Indocyanine Green