title: Success and failure of the cellular immune response against HIV-1.
abstract: The cellular immune response to HIV-1 has now been studied in extraordinary detail. A very large body of data provides the most likely reasons that the HIV-specific cellular immune response succeeds in a small number of people but fails in most. Understanding the success and failure of the HIV-specific cellular immune response has implications that extend not only to immunotherapies and vaccines for HIV-1 but also to the cellular immune response in other disease states. This Review focuses on the mechanisms that are most likely responsible for durable and potent immunologic control of HIV-1. Although we now have a detailed picture of the cellular immune responses to HIV-1, important questions remain regarding the nature of these responses and how they arise.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Migueles
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Connors
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D020276:HIV Long-Term Survivors; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007167:Immunotherapy; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D006680:HLA Antigens; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C514837:nef protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1