title: Transcriptome analysis of the cancer/testis genes, DAZ1, AURKC, and TEX101, in breast tumors and six breast cancer cell lines.
abstract: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer with second mortality rate in women worldwide. Lack of validated biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer to warranty the diagnosis and effective treatments in early stages has directed to the new therapeutic approach. Cancer/testis antigens which have restricted normal expression in testis and aberrant expression in different cancers are promising targets for generating cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, or dendritic cell-based immunotherapy. In this context, we investigated the expression of two known cancer testis genes, Aurora kinase C (AURKC) and testis expressed 101 (TEX101), and one new candidate, deleted in azoospermia 1 (DAZ1), in six breast cancer cell lines including two ductal carcinomas, T47D and BT-474, and four adenocarcinomas, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, MCF7, and SKBR3 as well as 50 breast cancer tumors in comparison to normal mammary epithelial cells using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Results showed significant overexpression (p = 0.000) of all three genes in BT474, DAZ1 in MDA-MB-231, and AURKC and DAZ1 in SKBR3 and significant downregulation (p = 0.000) of AURKC in MCF7 cell line relative to normal breast epithelial cells. Breast tumors showed significant overexpression of AURKC in comparison to normal breast tissues (p = 0.016). The results are noticeable especially in the case of AURKC; however, there is a little knowledge about the nature, causes, consequences, and effects of cancer/testis antigens activation in different cancers. It is suggested that AURKC has effects on cell division via its serin/threonin kinases activity and organizing microtubules in relation to centrosome/spindle function during mitosis.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam Beigom
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Mobasheri
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shirkoohi
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Kazem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zendehdel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Issa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jahanzad
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Talebi
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mandana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afsharpad
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. modaresi@tums.ac.ir.|Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. modaresi@tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Modarressi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D064108:Aurora Kinase C / Q000235:genetics*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000075364:Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C095668:DAZ1 protein, human; D000075364:Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C539319:TEX101 protein, human; C576927:AURKC protein, human; D064108:Aurora Kinase C
keywords: AURKC; Breast cancer; Breast cancer cell lines; Cancer/testis genes; DAZ1; Immunotherapy; TEX101; Targeted therapy