title: Action mechanism for 3β-hydroxykaurenoic acid and 4,4-dimethylanthracene-1,9,10(4H)-trione on Botrytis cinerea.
abstract: The mechanism of action of the diterpenoid 3β-hydroxykaurenoic acid and the anthraquinone 4,4-dimethylanthracene-1,9,10(4H)-trione on the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea was studied. The effect of both compounds on the respiratory process and on the membrane integrity of B. cinerea was evaluated. The results showed that 3β-hydroxykaurenoic acid inhibited the growth of this fungus by disrupting the plasmatic membrane. This compound also partially affected oxygen consumption of B. cinerea germinating conidia. Conversely, 4,4-dimethylanthracene-1,9,10(4H)-trione did not produce membrane disruption of B. cinerea. The effect of this compound on mycelial growth was notably increased by the presence of an inhibitor of the cyanide-resistant respiration pathway. It also was shown that the anthraquinone inhibited oxygen consumption by about 80%; therefore this compound would act as a potent inhibitor of the cytochrome pathway of the respiratory chain to exert its antifungal effect.
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Facultad de Química y Biología, Avenida Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile milena.cotoras@usach.cl Leonora.mendoza@usach.cl.
authors.forename: Leonora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mendoza
authors.affiliation: Universidad de La Frontera, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Campus Integrado Andrés Bello, Temuco, Chile.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribera
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Facultad de Química y Biología, Avenida Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saavedra
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Facultad de Química y Biología, Avenida Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile and Instituto de Química de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, casilla 747, Chile.
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Araya-Maturana
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Facultad de Química y Biología, Avenida Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile milena.cotoras@usach.cl Leonora.mendoza@usach.cl.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cotoras
mesh_terms: D000873:Anthracenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020171:Botrytis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D025282:Mycelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D004224:Diterpenes; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; C051436:kaurenoic acid
keywords: 3β-hydroxykaurenoic acid; 4,4-dimethylanthracene-1,9,10(4H)-trione antifungal compound; Botrytis cinerea