title: Comparison of Clinical Features in Highly Myopic Eyes with and without a Dome-Shaped Macula.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical features of highly myopic eyes with a dome-shaped macula (DSM) with those without a DSM and to identify the funduscopic clues to suspect the presence of DSM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 586 patients (1118 eyes) with high myopia (refractive error <-8 diopters [D] or axial length ≥26.5 mm) who had optical coherence tomography (OCT) examinations through the central fovea at our High Myopia Clinic between February 2012 and November 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vertical and horizontal OCT scans across the central fovea were retrospectively analyzed. A DSM was defined by the presence of an inward bulge of >50 μm in the vertical OCT image. Fundus photographs also were analyzed to identify the funduscopic clues to suspect the presence of DSM.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rate of DSM in 1118 highly myopic eyes. The rate of DSM in highly myopic eyes with macular complications. Funduscopic features to suggest the presence of DSM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 1118 eyes, 225 (20.1%) had a DSM. A DSM was present in both vertical and horizontal OCT sections in 20% of eyes, along only the vertical section in 77% of eyes, and in only the horizontal section in 2% of eyes. The results of multiple regression analyses showed that serous retinal detachment and foveal and extrafoveal retinoschisis were significantly associated with the presence of DSM and that choroidal neovascularization was not. Ophthalmoscopically, 91.4% of the eyes with the appearance of a horizontal ridge connecting the optic disc and the fovea had a DSM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A DSM is found in as many as 20% of highly myopic individuals. Horizontal ridges connecting the optic disc and the fovea might be an important clue to suspect the presence of a DSM on the basis of fundus photographs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Chia
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Natsuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Muka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: k.ohno.oph@tmd.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohno-Matsui
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047728:Myopia, Degenerative / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000175:diagnosis*; D041441:Retinoschisis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012590:Sclera / Q000473:pathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology