title: Assessment of resistance risk in Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) to methoxyfenozide.
abstract: Methoxyfenozide, an ecdysone receptor agonist is an effective larvicide against many pests of public health and veterinary importance including house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). Methoxyfenozide is a bio-rational insecticide having many environmentally friendly attributes that make it compatible with integrated pest management programs. This experiment was performed for the assessment of resistance evolution in M. domestica to methoxyfenozide. A field population of M. domestica, after 24 rounds of selection with methoxyfenozide, resulted in 64 fold and 915-fold increase in lethal concentration 50 (LC50) compared to field and susceptible strain, respectively. Realized heritability (h(2)) of resistance to methoxyfenozide was 0.17 in methoxyfenozide-selected strain of M. domestica. The projected rate of resistance development indicated that, if slope=1.71 and h(2)=0.17, then 13-5 generations are required for tenfold increase in LC50 at 50-95% selection intensity. These findings suggest that a risk for resistance development to methoxyfenozide occurred in M. domestica under continuous selection pressure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. Electronic address: rizwanmustafa20@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rizwan Mustafa
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Naeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. Electronic address: sarfrazshad@bzu.edu.pk.
authors.forename: Sarfraz Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006793:Houseflies / Q000187:drug effects*; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007303:Insect Vectors; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007605:Juvenile Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009117:Muscidae; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D006834:Hydrazines; D007306:Insecticides; D007605:Juvenile Hormones; C406712:methoxyfenozide
keywords: Diptera; Heritability; House fly; Methoxyfenozide; Muscidae; Resistance