title: Efficacy and safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Asian patients with knee osteoarthritis: summary of a randomized, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy, tolerability and safety of celecoxib, naproxen and placebo in Asian patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients of Asian descent with knee OA, aged ≥ 45 years, in a flare state with a functional capacity classification of I-III, received celecoxib 200 mg once daily, naproxen 500 mg twice daily or placebo, for 6 weeks. The change in Patient's Assessment of Arthritis Pain (week 6 vs. baseline) was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints, including Patient's and Physician's Global Assessments of Arthritis, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC), use of complementary and alternative medicines, incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and measurements of upper gastrointestinal tolerability, were also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and sixty-seven patients were randomized: 145 to celecoxib, 144 to naproxen and 78 to placebo. Celecoxib was as effective as naproxen in reducing OA pain (least squares mean change from baseline in visual analogue scale score [standard error] -37.1 [2.0] for celecoxib and -37.5 [2.0] for naproxen). Patient's and Physician's Global Assessment of Arthritis, WOMAC scores, Pain Satisfaction Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 showed statistically significant improvement in active treatment groups versus placebo, with the exception of naproxen WOMAC scores. Treatment-related TEAEs occurred in 19 (13%), 34 (24%) and six (8%) patients in the celecoxib, naproxen and placebo groups, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Celecoxib and naproxen were comparable in their effects to reduce the signs and symptoms of knee OA in Asian patients. Celecoxib was shown to be safe and well tolerated in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Global Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Essex
authors.affiliation: Oncology Field Medical, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.affiliation: US Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Behar
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Weihang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001213:Asian; D000068579:Celecoxib / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009288:Naproxen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009288:Naproxen; D000068579:Celecoxib
keywords: cyclooxygenase-2; ethnicity; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; race