title: Three-year prognosis of first-ever primary pontine hemorrhage in a hospital-based registry.
abstract: Our aim was to evaluate the mortality rate of primary pontine hemorrhage (PPH) and to determine the factors related to the prognosis. Limited data exist on the long-term prognosis and determinants of death in patients with PPH in China. Our study analyzed consecutive cases of first-ever PPH from April 2007 to March 2011 in a hospital-based stroke registry. Mortality rates during 30 day and 3 year follow-ups were analyzed. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the event rates and binary logistic regression analysis, and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to identify predictors of short-term and long-term prognosis, respectively. A total of 76 patients were identified, 44 (57.89%) were men. Both 30 day and 3 year overall mortalities in men were higher than women but this different was not statistically significant. Coma on admission, hematoma ⩾ 4 mL and a massive hemorrhage were significantly related to 30 day mortality of PPH. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression revealed that coma on admission (hazard ratio [HR] 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-4.13; p = 0.02) and hematoma ⩾ 4 mL (HR 2.23; 95% CI 1.25-3.96; p = 0.01) were independent predictors of 3 year mortality. In conclusion, the short-term mortality rate and factors related to the prognosis of Chinese patients with PPH are similar to those reported for other populations. A low Glasgow coma scale score on admission and a large hematoma volume may be related to poor 3 year prognosis after PPH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 13616632954@163.com.
authors.forename: Zusen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Central Hospital and Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoya
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Meijuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D020203:Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D002423:Cause of Death; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003128:Coma / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006406:Hematoma / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Mortality; Predictor; Primary pontine hemorrhage; Prognosis