title: Multiligamentous injuries and knee dislocations.
abstract: Complex capsular ligamentous structures contribute to stability of the knee joint. Simultaneous injury of two or more knee ligaments, aside from concurrent tears involving the anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments, is considered to be associated with femorotibial knee dislocations. Proximal tibiofibular joint dislocations are not always easily recognized and may be overlooked or missed. Patellofemoral dislocations can be transient with MR imaging sometimes required to reach the diagnosis. In this article, the authors describe the mechanism of injury, ligamentous disruptions, imaging, and treatment options of various types of knee dislocations including injuries of the femorotibial, proximal tibiofibular, and patellofemoral joints.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Banner University Medical Center Tucson, 1501 N Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245067, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. lgimber@radiology.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Lana H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Gimber
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Image Guided Therapeutics, 450 Stanyan Street, San Francisco, CA, 94117, USA. LRS209@nyu.edu.
authors.forename: Luke R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Scalcione
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Banner University Medical Center Tucson, 1501 N Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245064, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. arowan@ortho.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rowan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Medicine Clinic, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, South Campus Banner University Medical Center Tucson, 2800 E Ajo Way, Suite 200, Tucson, AZ, 85713, USA. jhardy@ortho.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Jolene C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Banner University Medical Center Tucson, 1501 N Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245067, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. DMelville@radiology.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Melville
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Banner University Medical Center Tucson, 1501 N Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245067, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. mihrat@radiology.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Mihra S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Taljanovic
mesh_terms: D017885:Collateral Ligaments / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D031221:Knee Dislocation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011859:Radiography
keywords: Acute; Dislocation; Femorotibial; Knee; Patellofemoral; Tibiofibular