title: Selective Access to 3-Cyano-1H-indoles, 9H-Pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles, or 9H-Pyrido[2,3-b]indoles through Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot Multicomponent Cascade Reactions.
abstract: Novel and selective synthetic approaches toward indole derivatives via copper-catalyzed one-pot multicomponent cascade reactions of 1-bromo-2-(2,2-dibromovinyl)benzenes with aldehydes and aqueous ammonia are presented. Intriguingly, the concentration of ammonia, the molar ratio of reagents, and the structural features of the aldehyde substrate serve as key factors in controlling the selective formation of 3-cyano-1H-indoles, 9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles, or 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indoles. Compared with literature procedures, the synthetic approaches reported herein have advantages such as readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, and divergent reaction patterns toward different products with easily tunable selectivity.
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shenghai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xinying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xuesen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan