title: A pilot trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy augmentation of antibiotic treatment in youth with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome-related obsessive-compulsive disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study reports an open trial of family-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) exhibiting an onset pattern consistent with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven primarily Caucasian youth with PANS-related OCD (range=4-14 years; 6 boys) who were incomplete responders to antibiotic treatment, received family-based CBT delivered either face-to-face or via web camera.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All participants completing treatment (8 of 8) were considered improved at posttreatment, and average obsessive-compulsive symptom severity was reduced by 49%. Significant reductions in obsessive-compulsive symptom severity and in clinician- and parent-rated OCD-related impairment were noted. Reductions in parent- and child-rated anxiety, child-rated OCD-related impairment, and comorbid neuropsychiatric symptoms were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gains were maintained at follow-up, with 100% (6 of 6) of those assessed remaining improved. Implications for treatment and further research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida , St. Petersburg, Florida.
authors.forename: Joshua M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nadeau
authors.forename: Cary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Selles
authors.forename: Monica S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Morgan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Priyal D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Camille E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hanks
authors.forename: Elysse B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Adam B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Lewin
authors.forename: Tanya K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Storch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents