title: Inhibition of cadmium- induced genotoxicity and histopathological changes in Nile tilapia fish by Egyptian and Tunisian montmorillonite clay.
abstract: Cadmium (Cd) is an important inorganic toxicant widely distributed in the environment because of its various industrial uses. The aims of the current study were to investigate the efficacy of purified Egyptian and Tunisian montmorillonite clays (EMC and TMC) to inhibit genotoxicity and histological alterations induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2) utilizing the Nile tilapia fish as an in vivo model. Chromosomal aberrations (CAs), micronucleus (MN) frequencies and DNA fingerprinting profile were genotoxic end points and histopathological changes that were used in this investigation. Six groups of fish were treated for 2 weeks and included control group, CdCl2-treated group and groups treated with EMC or TMC alone or in combination with CdCl2. The present results revealed that, treatment of fish with CdCl2 exhibited significant increased in the number of micronucleated erythrocytes (MnRBCs), frequency of CAs and instability of genomic DNA. Treatment of EMC and TMC in combination with CdCl2 significantly reduced the frequency of MnRBCs by the percentage of 53.28% and 60.77% and the frequency of CAs by 43.91% and 52.17% respectively. As well as, normalized DNA fingerprinting profile and significantly improved histopathological picture induced by Cadmium treatment. It is worth mention that both clays have the ability to tightly bind CdCl2 and decreased its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity; however, Tunisian clay was more efficient in binding with the CdCl2 than Egyptian clay.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohooth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Electronic address: kfmahrous@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Karima F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Mahrous
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohooth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Aziza M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohooth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hasnaa A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Radwan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, El Giza Square, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001546:Bentonite / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects*; D023681:Cichlids / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000077215:Clay; D003582:Cytogenetics; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004534:Egypt; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced; D016060:Sorption Detoxification / Q000379:methods*; D014416:Tunisia
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001546:Bentonite; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D000077215:Clay
keywords: Cadmium; Clays; Cytogenetics; Fish; Histopathology; RAPD-PCR