title: Four-year cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) follow-up of patients treated with percutaneous pulmonary valve stent implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate follow-up after percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients with pulmonary conduit dysfunction (males/females 24/16; 21 ± 08 years; 12 tetralogy of Fallot, 11 aortic valve disease, 17 other congenital heart disease) were planned for CMR before PPVI and repeated 7 times up to 48 months. CMR prospective results regarded: pressure gradient (PG) and regurgitation fraction (RF); end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and stroke volume indexed to body surface area (EDVI, ESVI, and SVI); ejection fraction (EF) of right and left ventricles (RV, LV). A Friedman test was used for comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, PG (31 ± 06 to 16 ± 4 mmHg), RF (16 ± 17 to 0.3 ± 1 %), RVEDVI (82 ± 38 to 58 ± 12 ml/m(2)), and RVESVI (44 ± 12 to 30 ± 13 ml/m(2)) declined (p < 0.001), RVEF (49 ± 13 to 58 ± 12 %) and RVSVI (from 38 ± 14 to 40 ± 8 ml/m(2)) increased (p < 0.001), LVEDVI (67 ± 17 to 73 ± 18 ml/m(2)) and LVSVI (37 ± 11 to 43 ± 10 ml/m(2)) increased (p = 0.034 and p < 0.001). Two patients had valve fracture at 24 and 36 months and underwent surgery. One patient had stent restenosis at 24 months and underwent percutaneous retreatment. Baseline/follow-up CMR did not predict PPVI failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CMR demonstrated restored pulmonary conduit function, reduced RV volumes and increased RV and LV function but did not predict valve fracture/restenosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • A CMR 4-year follow-up after PPVI showed restored pulmonary conduit function • RV volumes were significantly reduced • RV function was significantly better in terms of increased EF and SVI • LV function was significantly better in terms of increased EDVI and SVI • Baseline/follow-up CMR did not predict three cases of PPVI failure.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy. francesco.secchi@grupposandonato.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Secchi
authors.affiliation: Scuola di Specializzazione in Radiodiagnostica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20100, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Elda Chiara
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Resta
authors.affiliation: Scuola di Specializzazione in Radiodiagnostica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20100, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola Maria
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cannaò
authors.affiliation: Azienda Ospedaliera San Paolo, Unit of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, via A. di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tresoldi
authors.affiliation: Unit of Paediatric Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Butera
authors.affiliation: Unit of Paediatric Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carminati
authors.affiliation: Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.|Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sardanelli
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011664:Pulmonary Valve / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011665:Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cardiac magnetic resonance; Congenital heart disease; Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation; Pulmonary conduit; Right and left ventricles