title: Induction of thioredoxin-1 in response to oxidative stress in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether thioredoxin (TRX)-1 can be used as a valid biomarker for oxidative stress in dogs. ANIMALS AND SAMPLES: 10 Beagles and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Madin-Darby canine kidney cells were used to verify antigen cross-reactivity between human and canine anti-TRX-antibodies. Dogs were assigned to receive 21% or 100% O2 (5 dogs/group) via an artificial respirator during a 3-hour period of isoflurane anesthesia (starting at 0 hours). Blood and urine samples were collected before (baseline) and at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after commencement of inhalation anesthesia. Concentrations of TRX-1 and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in plasma and urine samples were analyzed; urine concentrations were reported as ratios against urine creatinine concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Canine TRX-1 was recognized by monoclonal human anti-TRX-1 antibodies (clones of adult T-cell leukemia-derived factor [ADF]-11 and ADF21) by western blot analysis. Results of an ELISA indicated that plasma TRX-1 concentration and urine TRX-1-to-creatinine concentration ratio increased rapidly after the 3-hour period of hyperoxia with maximal peaks at 12 and 6 hours, respectively. Urine 8-OHdG-to-creatinine concentration ratio also increased significantly after hyperoxia induction. However, unlike the rapid increase in urine TRX-1-to-creatinine concentration ratio, maximal urine 8-OHdG-to-creatinine concentration ratio was attained at 48 hours after hyperoxia induction. These variables remained unchanged from baseline in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicated that human anti-TRX monoclonal antibodies cross-reacted with canine TRX, and plasma TRX-1 concentrations were rapidly increased in dogs following an oxidative stress challenge. Thus, TRX may be a valuable clinical biomarker for detecting oxidative stress more rapidly than 8-OHdG in dogs.
authors.forename: Shuntaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Munakata
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nezu
authors.forename: Yasuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yogo
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yodoi
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013879:Thioredoxins; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D007530:Isoflurane; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; D010100:Oxygen