title: Association of plasma manganese levels with chronic renal failure.
abstract: Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element involved in the formation of bone and in amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Mn excess may be neurotoxic to humans, affecting specific areas of the central nervous system. However, relatively little is known about its physiological and/or toxicological effects, and very few data are available concerning the role of Mn in chronic renal failure (CRF). This paper describes a 12-month study of the evolution of plasma Mn levels in predialysis patients with CRF and the relationship with energy and macronutrient intake. The participants in this trial were 64 patients with CRF in predialysis and 62 healthy controls. Plasma levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid, total protein and Mn were measured. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault index. The CRF patients had higher plasma levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid and Mn and a lower GFR than the controls. Plasma Mn was positively correlated with creatinine, plasma urea and plasma uric acid and was negatively correlated with the GFR and the intake of energy and macronutrients. In conclusion, CRF in predialysis patients is associated with increases in circulating levels of Mn.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Campus Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez-González
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Campus Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López-Chaves
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Malaga, E-29071 Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gómez-Aracena
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, E-18014 Granada. Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galindo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Campus Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aranda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Campus Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain. Electronic address: jllopis@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Llopis
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000009:adverse effects; D004232:Diuretics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D020149:Manganese Poisoning / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D065667:Renal Elimination; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D008345:Manganese
keywords: BMI; Chronic renal failure; Gender; Manganese