title: Factors that influence the way local communities respond to consultation processes about major service change: A qualitative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In England, proposed service changes such as Emergency Department closures typically face local opposition. Consequently, public consultation exercises often involve protracted, hostile debates. This study examined a process aimed at engaging a community in decision-making about service reconfiguration, and the public response to this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  A documentary analysis was conducted to map consultation methods used in an urban area of England where plans to consolidate hospital services on fewer sites were under discussion. In-depth interviews (n=20) were conducted with parents, older people, and patient representatives. The analysis combined inductive and deductive approaches, informed by risk communication theories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The commissioners provided a large volume of information about the changes, alongside a programme of public events. However, the complexity of the process, together with what members of the public perceived to be the commissioners' dismissal of their concerns, led the community to question their motivation. This was compounded by a widespread perception that the proposals were financially driven.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Government policy emphasises the importance of clinical leadership and 'evidence' in public consultation. However, an engagement process based on this approach fuelled hostility to the proposals. Policymakers should not assume communities can be persuaded to accommodate service change which may result in reduced access to care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK. Electronic address: h.barratt@ucl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Barratt
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, 24 High Holborn, London WC1V 6AZ, UK.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK.
authors.forename: Rosalind
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raine
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK.
authors.forename: Naomi J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Fulop
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003256:Community Participation / Q000379:methods*; D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012111:Residence Characteristics
keywords: Emergency departments; Great Britain; Hospital planning; Patient involvement; Qualitative research