title: Childhood obesity affects postural control and aiming performance during an upper limb movement.
abstract: Obesity reduces the efficiency of postural and movement control mechanisms. However, the effects of obesity on a functional motor task and postural control in standing and seated position have not been closely quantified among children. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of obesity on the execution of aiming tasks performed in standing and seated conditions in children. Twelve healthy weight children and eleven obese children aged between 8 and 11 years pointed to a target in standing and seated position. The difficulty of the aiming task was varied by using 2 target sizes (1.0 cm and 5.0 cm width; pointing to the smaller target size needs a more precise movement and constitutes a more difficult task). Hand movement time (MT) and its phases were measured to quantify the aiming task. Mean speed of the center of pressure displacement (COP speed) was calculated to assess postural stability during the movement. Obese children had significantly higher MTs compared to healthy-weight children in seated and standing conditions explained by greater durations of deceleration phase when aiming. Concerning the COP speed during the movement, obese children showed significantly higher values when standing compared to healthy-weight children. This was also observed in the seated position. In conclusion, obesity adds a postural constraint during an aiming task in both seated and standing conditions and requires obese children to take more time to correct their movements due to a greater postural instability of the body when pointing to a target with the upper-limb.
authors.affiliation: Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boucher
authors.affiliation: École de kinésiologie et de loisir, Faculté des sciences de la santé et des services communautaires, Université de Moncton, Canada.
authors.forename: Grant A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Handrigan
authors.affiliation: Département de kinésiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Canada.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mackrous
authors.affiliation: Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada. Electronic address: olivier.hue@uqtr.ca.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hue
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Childhood obesity; Children; Movement; Postural control; Postural stability