title: Botulinum toxin A in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to investigate the clinical effects and safety of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in treating trigeminal neuralgia and its influences on accompanied depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-seven patients with one-branch classical trigeminal neuralgia were injected with BTX-A in the pain area. The visual analogic scale score, sleep interference score, Hamilton Anxiety Scale score, Hamilton Depression Scale score, and side effects were assessed at 1 week prior to and 8 weeks after treatment, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effective rates after 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks of treatment were 48.28%, 66.67%, 78.16%, and 80.46%, respectively. The effective rates of anxiety and depression were 90.32% and 96.77%, respectively. When compared to that before treatment, the quality of life was significantly better in terms of role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health (all P < 0.01), while physical function was not significantly improved (P = 0.317).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BTX-A treatment can significantly relieve the pain in trigeminal neuralgia patients; improve anxiety, depression, and sleep; and increase the quality of life. BTX-A treatment is a safe and effective method to treat classical trigeminal neuralgia.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.|b 2 Department of Neurology, the Central Hospital of Zhumadian City , Zhumadian , China.
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.
authors.forename: Cai-Hong
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.
authors.forename: Hai-Feng
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.
authors.forename: Ya-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.
authors.forename: Chuan-Jie
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.
authors.forename: Yun-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011788:Quality of Life; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D014277:Trigeminal Neuralgia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A
keywords: anxiety; botulinum toxin A; depression; quality of life; sleep disorder; trigeminal neuralgia