title: Long-term safety and efficacy of stiripentol for the treatment of Dravet syndrome: A multicenter, open-label study in Japan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have previously shown the benefits of short-term add-on stiripentol therapy for Dravet syndrome inadequately controlled by clobazam and valproate in Japanese patients. We report here the outcomes of long-term stiripentol use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with Dravet syndrome having ≥4 clonic/tonic-clonic seizures per 30 days while on clobazam and valproate (with or without bromide) received add-on stiripentol for 16 weeks. Those benefiting from stiripentol (50mg/kg/day; up to 2500mg/day) continued the therapy for additional up to 40 weeks. Responders were defined as those whose clonic/tonic-clonic seizures became ≤50% frequent as compared to baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 24 patients starting stiripentol, 21 received the drug for >16 weeks and 19 completed the study. At the endpoint, the responder rate was 54%, with 2 patients remaining clonic/tonic-clonic seizure-free. Twenty-two patients experienced stiripentol-related adverse events, with two having severe ones. They included somnolence (79%), loss of appetite (67%), ataxia (58%), and elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase (38%). No adverse events led to study discontinuation, but 19 patients required dose reduction for stiripentol and/or either antiepileptic drug combined. Stiripentol dose reduction was done in 9 patients, mostly due to somnolence or loss of appetite.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During adjunctive stiripentol use with clobazam and valproate, careful monitoring for adverse events such as somnolence and loss of appetite is recommended, and dose reduction may become needed for any of the antiepileptics. Despite the need for safety precautions, the durable responses to stiripentol for up to 56 weeks suggest that the drug is effective as an adjunct to clobazam and valproate for the treatment of Dravet syndrome.
authors.affiliation: National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan. Electronic address: yinoue-jes@umin.net.
authors.forename: Yushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. Electronic address: ohtsuka@okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000078306:Clobazam; D004148:Dioxolanes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004831:Epilepsies, Myoclonic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D004148:Dioxolanes; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000078306:Clobazam; D014635:Valproic Acid; C021092:stiripentol
keywords: Dravet syndrome; Efficacy; Long-term administration; Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy; Stiripentol; Tolerability