title: Infratentorial Microbleeds: Another Sign of Microangiopathy in Migraine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Migraine is a risk factor for clinical stroke and for subclinical white matter hyperintensities and infratentorial infarcts. These subclinical lesions are linked to small-vessel pathology. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are another biomarker of small-vessel disease but have not yet been studied in migraine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Identification of CMBs in 63 migraineurs (25 with aura/35 without aura/3 unknown aura status) and 359 controls (aged, 73-85 years) from the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER) magnetic resonance imaging study. We assessed the modifying role of migraine in the co-occurrence of CMBs, infarcts, and white matter hyperintensity-load.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infratentorial microbleeds were more prevalent in migraine without aura patients than controls (14% versus 4%). Prevalence of other CMBs, infarcts, and white matter hyperintensities did not differ between groups. Migraineurs with CMBs had more often infarcts than controls with CMBs (65% versus 43%). In comparison with controls with infarcts, migraineurs with infarcts had more commonly CMBs (55% versus 30%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Migraine, notably without aura, is associated with infratentorial CMBs at older age. CMBs and infarcts co-occur more often in migraine than in controls. This supports the hypothesis of small-vessel involvement in migraine pathophysiology.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (E.B.A., J.K., J.v.d.G., M.A.v.B., M.C.K.), Neurology (G.M.T., M.D.F.), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (A.J.M.d.C.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. e.b.arkink@lumc.nl.
authors.forename: Enrico B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Arkink
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (E.B.A., J.K., J.v.d.G., M.A.v.B., M.C.K.), Neurology (G.M.T., M.D.F.), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (A.J.M.d.C.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gisela M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Terwindt
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (E.B.A., J.K., J.v.d.G., M.A.v.B., M.C.K.), Neurology (G.M.T., M.D.F.), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (A.J.M.d.C.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anton J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: de Craen
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (E.B.A., J.K., J.v.d.G., M.A.v.B., M.C.K.), Neurology (G.M.T., M.D.F.), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (A.J.M.d.C.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (E.B.A., J.K., J.v.d.G., M.A.v.B., M.C.K.), Neurology (G.M.T., M.D.F.), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (A.J.M.d.C.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Grond
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (E.B.A., J.K., J.v.d.G., M.A.v.B., M.C.K.), Neurology (G.M.T., M.D.F.), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (A.J.M.d.C.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Buchem
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (E.B.A., J.K., J.v.d.G., M.A.v.B., M.C.K.), Neurology (G.M.T., M.D.F.), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (A.J.M.d.C.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michel D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (E.B.A., J.K., J.v.d.G., M.A.v.B., M.C.K.), Neurology (G.M.T., M.D.F.), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (A.J.M.d.C.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kruit
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D059345:Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: cerebral small vessel disease; magnetic resonance imaging; migraine disorders