title: Nonanesthesia magnetic resonance enterography in young children: feasibility, technique, and performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the effectiveness and cost savings of a nonanesthesia approach to magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) in 14 young pediatric patients (age 4-7 years) with clinically suspected early-onset inflammatory bowel disease using an MRE protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  MRE was performed using a combination of an abbreviated imaging protocol, magnetic resonance imaging video goggles, and Child Life Services support. MRE results were correlated with both colonoscopy and pathology results using Pearson correlation coefficient. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MRE was performed successfully in 13 of 14 patients (age range 4 years 0 months to 7 years 6 months). MRE findings matched with results in 12 of 13 patients in whom colonoscopy was successfully performed. Both MRE and colonoscopy demonstrated a high specificity (100%) and a positive predictive value (100%), but a low sensitivity (43%) and a negative predictive value (50%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRE can be successfully performed in children ages 4 to 7 years using this approach. In addition to decreased risks to the child, the lack of anesthesia also offers a potential overall cost reduction.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging †Department of Child Life Services ‡Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Courtier
authors.forename: Agustin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cardenas
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Towne
authors.forename: Sue J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Melvin B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Heyman
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: MacKenzie
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003113:Colonoscopy; D003243:Consciousness; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity