title: What interventions are needed for women and girls who use drugs? A global perspective.
abstract: Women and girls who inject drugs are more likely than their male counterparts to acquire HIV. In addition to criminalization, punitive laws, and social stigma that puts all injecting drug users at increased risk, women are made even more vulnerable by social, economic, and culturally embedded power imbalances. Women and girls are also less likely to seek treatment and healthcare, even when they are pregnant. This is in part due to underfunded harm reduction and drug treatment programs limited in their ability to surmount the unique barriers women face. This does not have to be the reality. There are steps-some simple, some more complex-that can reduce infection rates and provide women and girls with health care and harm reduction services that are designed with their needs and concerns in mind.
authors.affiliation: Global Drug Policy Program, The Open Society Foundations, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Kasia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Malinowska-Sempruch
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D060386:Sex Workers; D063507:Sexism; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016387:Women's Health