title: Hypopharyngeal Airway Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Morbidity in the Early Postoperative Period.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if hypopharyngeal surgery for obstructive sleep apnea is associated with significant morbidity in the early post-operative period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea who underwent hypopharyngeal surgery at a tertiary care facility between November 2012 and September 2013 were included in this study. Surgical outcomes were assessed from medical records review and a 14 question telephone survey. Results: Twenty-two patients underwent hypopharyngeal surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). No patient experienced intra-operative complications, post-operative O2 desaturation <90%, prolonged admission for inadequate pain control, pulmonary edema, or airway compromise requiring re-intubation. Post-operative complications included one episode of nasal hemorrhage, one infection requiring hospitalization, and one episode of dehydration treated with IV fluids. 25% of patients experienced some degree of post-operative dysphonia, and 87.5% of patients experienced post-operative dysphagia. The average rating for post-operative pharyngeal pain was 3.5 of 10 by week 3 and 1.75 of 10 by week 4. Most patients described decreased snoring (93.75%), improved feeling of overall health (75%), and increased daytime energy (62.5%). All patients undergoing hypopharyngeal airway surgery were discharged within 23 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypopharyngeal surgery is a safe and well tolerated procedure for the treatment of OSA. Our findings suggest that hypopharyngeal surgery may be performed on an outpatient basis.
authors.affiliation: Mr. Nelson is a medical student associated with the Tulane University School of Medicine in the Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck surgery in New Orleans, LA.
authors.forename: Ryan E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Dr. Carter is associated with the Tulane University School of Medicine in the Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck surgery in New Orleans, LA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Dr. Anand,MD is associated with the Ochsner Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in Jefferson, LA.
authors.forename: Akash G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Anand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007013:Hypopharynx / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery