title: Control strategy for maximum anaerobic co-digestion performance.
abstract: A control strategy for optimising the performance of anaerobic co-digestion in terms of methane productivity, digestate quality and process stability is presented. A linear programming approach is adopted to calculate the feeding of multiple substrates for maximum methane productivity, subjected to restrictions based on experimental and heuristic knowledge. Process stability is quantitatively assessed by an empirical diagnosis function comparing alkalinity ratio measurements against reference values (outputs between (-1,1]). A second empirical diagnosis function is defined to compare methane flow rate measurements against a reference value of maximum capacity (outputs between (0,1]). A variable-gain control function (outputs between (-1,1]), derived from the diagnosis functions, is defined to determine the quantitative change applied to the most active constraint of the substrate blend optimisation problem leading to a new set-point of feeding substrates blend. The control strategy works in a closed-loop architecture under which the process performance for each blend of substrates is continuously assessed. The system was successfully validated in a 1 m(3) hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket - Anaerobic Filter (UASB-AF) reactor, treating blends of substrates (gelatine, glycerine and pig manure supernatant) at OLR values between 0.71 and 6.33 gCOD/L d over a period of 210 days at mesophilic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: García-Gen
authors.affiliation: Institute Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (iWATER), Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (CEE), Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: jrodriguez@masdar.ac.ae.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lema
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis / Q000379:methods; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008697:Methane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012722:Sewage; D013455:Sulfur; D002244:Carbon; D006859:Hydrogen; D009584:Nitrogen; D008697:Methane
keywords: Anaerobic co-digestion; Biogas; Control; Diagnosis; Linear programming; Optimisation