title: Interactive virtual stent planning for the treatment of coarctation of the aorta.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The coarctation of the aorta (CoA), a local narrowing of the aortic arch, accounts for 7 % of all congenital heart defects. Stenting is a recommended therapy to reduce the pressure gradient. This procedure is associated with complications such as the development of adverse flow conditions. A computer-aided treatment planning based on flow simulations can help to predict possible complications. The virtual stent planning is an important, intermediate step in the treatment planning pipeline. We present a novel approach that automatically suggests a stent setup and provides a set of intuitive parameters that allow for an interactive adaption of the suggested stent placement and induced deformation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A high-quality mesh and a centerline are automatically generated. The stent-induced deformation is realized through a deformation of the centerline and a vertex displacement with respect to the deformed centerline and additional stent parameters. The parameterization is automatically derived from the underlying data and can be optionally altered through a condensed set of clinically sound parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The automatic deformation can be generated in about 25 s on a consumer system. The interactive adaption can be performed in real time. Compared with manual expert reconstructions of the stented vessel section, the mean difference of vessel path and diameter is below 1 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our approach enables a medical user to easily generate a plausibly deformed vessel mesh which is necessary as input for a simulation-based treatment planning of CoA.
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Medical Image Computing - MEVIS, Universitätsallee 29, 28359, Bremen, Germany. mathias.neugebauer@mevis.fraunhofer.de.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neugebauer
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Erlangen - Pediatric Cardiology, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Glöckler
authors.affiliation: German Heart Institute Berlin - DHZB, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Leonid
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goubergrits
authors.affiliation: German Heart Institute Berlin - DHZB, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelm
authors.affiliation: German Heart Institute Berlin - DHZB, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Titus
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuehne
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Medical Image Computing - MEVIS, Universitätsallee 29, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hennemuth
mesh_terms: D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D001017:Aortic Coarctation / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D015607:Stents; D013526:Surgical Mesh
keywords: CARDIOPROOF; Coarctation of the aorta; Computer-aided treatment; Geometric processing; Image processing; Stenting; VMTK; VTK; Virtual stenting