title: A biomechanical study of standard posterior pelvic ring fixation versus a posterior pedicle screw construct.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to biomechanically test a percutaneous pedicle screw construct for posterior pelvic stabilisation and compare it to standard fixation modalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Utilizing a sacral fracture and sacroiliac (SI) joint disruption model, we tested 4 constructs in single-leg stance: an S1 sacroiliac screw, S1 and S2 screws, the pedicle screw construct, and the pedicle screw construct+S1 screw. We recorded displacement at the pubic symphysis and SI joint using high-speed video. Axial stiffness was also calculated. Values were compared using a 2-way ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustment (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the sacral fracture model, the stiffness was greatest for the pedicle screw+S1 construct (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the pedicle screw construct and S1 sacroiliac screw (p=1). For the SI joint model, the S1+S2 SI screws had the largest overall load and stiffness (p<0.001). The S1 screw was significantly stronger than pedicle screw construct (p=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pedicle screw construct biomechanically compares to currently accepted methods of fixation for sacral fractures when the fracture is uncompressible. It should not be used for SI joint disruptions as one SI or an S1+S2 are significantly stiffer and cheaper.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 4201 St. Antoine Blvd., Suite 4G, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vigdorchik
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, 818 West Hancock, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 4201 St. Antoine Blvd., Suite 4G, Detroit, MI 48201, United States. Electronic address: anilsethi09@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 4201 St. Antoine Blvd., Suite 4G, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
authors.forename: Darren T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Herzog
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 4201 St. Antoine Blvd., Suite 4G, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
authors.forename: Bryant W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Oliphant
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, 818 West Hancock, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
authors.forename: King H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 4201 St. Antoine Blvd., Suite 4G, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vaidya
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000601:surgery*; D065289:Pedicle Screws; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012446:Sacroiliac Joint / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Pedicle screw; Pelvis fracture; Posterior stabilisation