title: Childhood sexual abuse by representatives of the Roman Catholic Church: a prevalence estimate among the Dutch population.
abstract: Estimates of the extent of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) within in the Roman Catholic Church (RCC) in the general population are difficult to find. The independent Commission of Inquiry into sexual abuse of minors in the RCC in the Netherlands collected population-based data to estimate its prevalence. A large random online population sample was surveyed using a two-phase stratified sampling procedure. In Phase 1, 34,267 subjects aged 40 years and older were screened for childhood exposure to sexual abuse by non-family members, a history of institutionalization and a Roman Catholic upbringing. In Phase 2, a stratified subset of 2,462 subjects was assessed to obtain more detailed target information about sexual abuse reports within the RCC. We employed multiple imputation for the estimation of RCC CSA in the original Phase 1 sample. The prevalence of non-familial CSA in general (14.0%) was higher among women (17.2%) than among men (10.6%). The prevalence of CSA within the Dutch RCC (1.7%) was higher among men (2.7%) than among women (0.7%). As expected, older subjects reported more often CSA in the RCC than their younger counterparts. Respondents who stayed for some time in RCC run institutions for education or child protection had a higher risk to report sexual abuse. Although sexual abuse of minors by representatives of the RCC was a structural problem during a period that the Church was highly influential in the Netherlands, the estimated prevalence of the phenomenon is only a fraction of the prevalence rate of non-familial CSA.
authors.affiliation: Vrije University Medical Center/GGZinGeest, Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Willemien
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Langeland
authors.affiliation: Vrije University Medical Center/GGZinGeest, Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Adriaan W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hoogendoorn
authors.affiliation: TNS NIPO, Grote Bickersstraat 74, 1013 KS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mager
authors.affiliation: Vrije University Medical Center/GGZinGeest, Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.affiliation: Vrije University Medical Center/GGZinGeest, Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Draijer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002410:Catholicism; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007326:Institutionalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Adult caregivers; Catholic; Child sexual abuse; Population survey; Prevalence; Religious authority