title: Classifying Cancers Based on T-cell Infiltration and PD-L1.
abstract: Cancer immunotherapy may become a major treatment backbone in many cancers over the next decade. There are numerous immune cell types found in cancers and many components of an immune reaction to cancer. Thus, the tumor has many strategies to evade an immune response. It has been proposed that four different types of tumor microenvironment exist based on the presence or absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. We review this stratification and the latest in a series of results that shed light on new approaches for rationally designing ideal combination cancer therapies based on tumor immunology.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia. School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia. mark.smyth@qimrberghofer.edu.au michele.teng@qimrberghofer.edu.au.
authors.forename: Michele W L
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Shin Foong
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ngiow
authors.affiliation: University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribas
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia. Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia. mark.smyth@qimrberghofer.edu.au michele.teng@qimrberghofer.edu.au.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smyth
mesh_terms: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human