title: Do Genetic Susceptibility Variants Associate with Disease Severity in Early Active Rheumatoid Arthritis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Genetic variants affect both the development and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent studies have expanded the number of RA susceptibility variants. We tested the hypothesis that these associated with disease severity in a clinical trial cohort of patients with early, active RA.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 524 patients with RA enrolled in the Combination Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in Early RA (CARDERA) trials. We tested validated susceptibility variants - 69 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), 15 HLA-DRB1 alleles, and amino acid polymorphisms in 6 HLA molecule positions - for their associations with progression in Larsen scoring, 28-joint Disease Activity Scores, and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) scores over 2 years using linear mixed-effects and latent growth curve models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HLA variants were associated with joint destruction. The *04:01 SNP (rs660895, p = 0.0003), *04:01 allele (p = 0.0002), and HLA-DRβ1 amino acids histidine at position 13 (p = 0.0005) and valine at position 11 (p = 0.0012) significantly associated with radiological progression. This association was only significant in anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive patients, suggesting that while their effects were not mediated by ACPA, they only predicted joint damage in ACPA-positive RA. Non-HLA variants did not associate with radiograph damage (assessed individually and cumulatively as a weighted genetic risk score). Two SNP - rs11889341 (STAT4, p = 0.0001) and rs653178 (SH2B3-PTPN11, p = 0.0004) - associated with HAQ scores over 6-24 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HLA susceptibility variants play an important role in determining radiological progression in early, active ACPA-positive RA. Genome-wide and HLA-wide analyses across large populations are required to better characterize the genetic architecture of radiological progression in RA.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Ian C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Frühling
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rijsdijk
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Jemma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Jelmar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quist
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Spain
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Rachael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steer
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Yukinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Soumya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raychaudhuri
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Cope
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, and Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.I.C. Scott, PhD, Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; F. Rijsdijk, PhD, Reader, SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; J. Walker, PhD, Statistical Geneticist; J. Quist, PhD, MSc, Student; S.L. Spain, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, and Guy's Hospital; R. Tan, MRes, Core Medical Trainee, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; S. Steer, PhD, Consultant Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital; Y. Okada, PhD, Tenure Track Junior Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; S. Raychaudhuri, PhD, Professor, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; A.P. Cope, PhD, Professor, Academic Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, King's College London; C.M. Lewis, PhD, Prof
authors.forename: Cathryn M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains
keywords: GENETICS; HLA ANTIGENS; OUTCOME MEASURES; RADIOGRAPHY; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS