title: Improved limit of detection and quantitation development and validation procedure for quantification of zinc in Insulin by atomic absorption spectrometry.
abstract: A simple and expeditious analytical method for determination of zinc in human insulin isophane suspension by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) was validated. The method was carried out on atomic absorption spectrometer with 0.4 nm bandwidth, 1.0 filter factor on deuterium (D2) background correction. The integration time was set at 3.0 second with 5.0 mA lamp current. The parameters of method validation showed adequate linearity, efficiency and relative standard deviation values were between 0.64%-1.69% (n=7), 1.31%-1.58% (n=10) for repeatability and intermediate precision respectively. The limit of detection 0.0032 μg/mL, 0.0173 μg/mL, 0.0231 μg/mL and limit of quantitation 0.0107μg/mL, 0.0578 μg/mL, 0.0694 μg/mL based on signal to noise (SN), calibration curve method (CCM) and fortification of blank (FB) were obtained respectively. The percentages of recovery for low, medium and high spiked concentration levels of zinc in human insulin were 99.38 ± 0.04 to 100.3 ± 0.03, 98.45 ± 0.38 to 100.3 ± 0.07 and 99.42 ± 0.03 to 99.42 ± 0.08 respectively. With the use of this method, five samples from each vial of human insulin isophane suspension were analyzed and the zinc content was determined. The zinc content were 22.1 ± 0.025 μg/mL and 24.3 ± 0.028 μg/mL which compliance the British Pharmacopoeia standard.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Abdul
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Qadir
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Iftikharul
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Haq
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Saghir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007336:Insulin, Isophane / Q000737:chemistry*; D061386:Insulin, Regular, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D000068880:Isophane Insulin, Human; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods*; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D061386:Insulin, Regular, Human; D000068880:Isophane Insulin, Human; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D015032:Zinc