title: Dairy intake after prostate cancer diagnosis in relation to disease-specific and total mortality.
abstract: Information regarding postdiagnostic dairy intake and prostate cancer survival is limited. We evaluated intake of total, high-fat and low-fat dairy after prostate cancer diagnosis in relation to disease-specific and total mortality. We included 926 men from the Physicians' Health Study diagnosed with non-metastatic prostate cancer between 1982 and 2000 who completed a diet questionnaire a median of 5 years after diagnosis and were followed thereafter for a median of 10 years to assess mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate associations between dairy intake and prostate cancer specific and all-cause mortality. During 8,903 person-years of follow-up, 333 men died, 56 due to prostate cancer. Men consuming ≥3 servings/day of total dairy products had a 76% higher risk of total mortality and a 141% higher risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality compared to men who consumed less than 1 dairy product/day (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21, 2.55, ptrend  < 0.001 for total mortality; HR = 2.41, 95% CI: 0.96, 6.02, ptrend  = 0.04 for prostate cancer-specific mortality). The association between high-fat dairy and mortality risk appeared to be stronger than that of low-fat dairy, but the difference between them was not statistically significant (p for difference = 0.57 for prostate cancer-specific mortality and 0.56 for total mortality). Among men without metastases when diagnosed, higher intake of dairy foods after prostate cancer diagnosis may be associated with increased prostate cancer-specific and all-cause mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.|Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Stacey A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kenfield
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Erin L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Van Blarigan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Kathryn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Julie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Howard D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Sesso
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.|Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Meir J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stampfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.|Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.|Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Chavarro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats
keywords: Physicians’ Health Study; all-cause mortality; dairy products; prostate cancer