title: Cardioprotective Effects of Tannic Acid on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Injury in Rats: Further Insight into 'French Paradox'.
abstract: Tannic acid (TA) is a polyphenolic compound, which has shown diverse pharmacological effects with antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and antibactericidal properties. However, cardioprotective effects of TA have not been reported. To investigate the protective effects of TA, rats were administered TA for 7 days and then intoxicated with isoproterenol (ISO). Myocardial ischemia injury was indicated by changes in electrocardiographic (ECG) patterns, morphology and cardiac marker enzymes. Furthermore, protein expression levels of c-fos, c-jun, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cleaved-caspase-3 and -9 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and activities of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were detected by Western blot. Pretreatment with TA ameliorated changes in morphology and ECG, reduced activities of marker enzymes, suppressed overexpression of apoptosis-related proteins, upregulated expression of antioxidants. Moreover, TA pretreatment contributed to the decrease in ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, as well as reduced expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3 and -9. TA displayed cardioprotective effects, which may be attributed to lowering of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, c-fos and c-jun expression and inhibition of NF-κB activation, as well as oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. These findings provide further insight into the 'French paradox' and the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of TA. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Xitian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Xinhu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Zhenyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Xiaogang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Qincong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cui
keywords: antioxidant; apoptosis; cardioprotection; isoproterenol; myocardial injury; tannic acid