title: Alginate-okra gum blend beads of diclofenac sodium from aqueous template using ZnSO4 as a cross-linker.
abstract: Zinc (Zn(2+))-ion induced diclofenac sodium (DS)-loaded alginate-okra (Hibiscus esculentus) gum (OG) blend beads was successfully formulated through Zn(2+)-ion induced ionic-gelation cross-linking method in a complete aqueous environment. Effects of polymer-blend ratio and cross-linker concentration on drug encapsulation efficiency (DEE) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (R8h) were optimized by 3(2)-factorial design. The optimized formulation of Zn(2+)-ion induced DS-loaded alginate-OG beads demonstrated 89.27±3.58% of DEE and 43.73±2.83% of R8h. The bead sizes were within 1.10±0.07 to 1.38±0.14 mm. The bead surface morphology was analyzed by SEM. The drug-polymer interaction in the optimized bead matrix was analyzed by FTIR and P-XRD. These beads exhibited sustained in vitro drug release over a prolonged period of 8h and followed controlled-release (zero-order) pattern with super case-II transport mechanism. The swelling and degradation of the optimized beads was influenced by the pH of test mediums, which might be suitable for intestinal drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, C. L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Jyothi Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Thorapakkam, Chennai 600097, India.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, C. L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Jyothi Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Thorapakkam, Chennai 600097, India.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ubaidulla
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, B. B. S. Institute of Pharmaceutical and Allied Science, Greater Noida 201310, India.
authors.forename: M Saquib
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hasnain
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mayurbhanj 757086, Odisha, India. Electronic address: amitkrnayak@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Amit Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, C. L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Jyothi Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Thorapakkam, Chennai 600097, India.
authors.forename: Bobba
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rama
mesh_terms: D028483:Abelmoschus / Q000737:chemistry; D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008863:Microspheres; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D053149:Plant Gums; D004008:Diclofenac; D019287:Zinc Sulfate
keywords: Alginate; Diclofenac sodium; Emulsion ionic-gelation; Okra gum