title: The management in response to marine oil spill from ships in China: A systematic review.
abstract: Historical trends about marine ship-source oil spill incidents from 1990 to 2010 in China were analyzed, and it provided an overview of the status quo of China's management in response to marine oil spill from ships. The Chinese government has issued a series of laws on marine environmental protection since 1982, and promulgated many regulations to prevent and tackle ship-source oil spill. At present, the oil spill emergency response system established in China has five levels: the national level, sea level, provincial level, port level, and ship level. China has demonstrated its ability to control and remove small-scale oil spill from ships in port area and near-shore coastal waters, and also paid attention to related research and development projects. Although China has made significant progress in managing shipping oil spill, challenges still exist, including strengthening oil spill emergency cooperation, enhancing China's response capability, and improving relevant research and development projects.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Shangao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address: longhl@igsnrr.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Hualou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
authors.forename: Guoping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Hongyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000379:methods; D033161:Government Regulation; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012767:Ships
keywords: Capability building; Coastal environmental management; Crew quality; Emergency response plan; Equipment stockpiles; Sustainable coastal development