title: Functional characterization of PhGR and PhGRL1 during flower senescence in the petunia.
abstract: Petunia PhGRL1 suppression accelerated flower senescence and increased the expression of the genes downstream of ethylene signaling, whereas PhGR suppression did not. Ethylene plays an important role in flowers senescence. Homologous proteins Green-Ripe and Reversion to Ethylene sensitivity1 are positive regulators of ethylene responses in tomato and Arabidopsis, respectively. The petunia flower has served as a model for the study of ethylene response during senescence. In this study, petunia PhGR and PhGRL1 expression was analyzed in different organs, throughout floral senescence, and after exogenous ethylene treatment; and the roles of PhGR and PhGRL1 during petunia flower senescence were investigated. PhGRL1 suppression mediated by virus-induced gene silencing accelerated flower senescence and increased ethylene production; however, the suppression of PhGR did not. Taken together, these data suggest that PhGRL1 is involved in negative regulation of flower senescence, possibly via ethylene production inhibition and consequently reduced ethylene signaling activation.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China, 403654664@qq.com.
authors.forename: Weiyuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Juanxu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yinyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Guoju
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yixun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D035264:Flowers / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D032306:Petunia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005030:Ethylenes; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C036216:ethylene