title: Expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen in lung cancer cells and tumor neovasculature endothelial cells and its clinical significance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been found in tumor neovasculature endothelial cells (NECs) of non-prostate cancers and may become the most promising target for anti-tumor therapy. To study the value of PSMA as a potential new target for lung cancer treatment, PSMA expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tissues and its relationship with clinicopathology were investigated in the current study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PSMA expression in a total of 150 lung specimens of patients with lung cancer. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentages of NSCLC patients who had PSMA (+) tumor cells and PSMA (+) NECs were 54.02% and 85.06%, respectively. The percentage of patients younger than 60 years old who had PSMA (+) tumor cells was 69.05%, which was significantly greater than the percentage of patients aged 60 years or older (40.00%, p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in the percentage of NSCLC patients with PMSA (+) NECs and stage I or II cancer (92.98%) and those patients with stage III or IV cancer (76.77%). In the SCLC tissues, NEC PSMA expression (70.00%) did not differ significantly from NSCLC. SCLC tumor cells and normal lung tissues cells were all negative. There was no significant correlation between the presence of PSMA (+) NECs in SCLC patients and the observed clinicopathological parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PSMA is expressed not only in NECs of NSCLC and SCLC but also in tumor cells of most NSCLC patients. The presence of PSMA (+) tumor cells and PSMA (+) NECs in NSCLC was negatively correlated with age and the clinicopathological stage of the patients, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Department of Oncology, Dagang Hospital of Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Hai-long
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Dagang Hospital of Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Shao-shan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Wen-hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Hai-peng
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Tong-guo
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Si
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, the First Affiliate Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-nan
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; C473848:FOLH1 protein, human; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II