title: Risk factors for non-melanoma skin cancer in patients with essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Population-based studies have reported an increased incidence of skin cancer in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV). We have examined the risk factors for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in patients diagnosed with ET or PV during 1973-2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was performed to compare the clinical and treatment-related data of 51 ET/PV patients who had NMSC with that of 401 patients who did not. We also evaluated whether polymorphisms in 12 genes involved in DNA integrity predisposed to NMSC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By multivariate logistic regression analysis, risk factors for NMSC were older age (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3-2.1, P < 0.001), male sex (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-3.8, P = 0.023), higher cumulated hydroxycarbamide dose (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.7, P = 0.017), and busulphan exposure (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.05-10.0, P = 0.041). On the time-to-event prognostic model, factors independently associated with increased cumulative incidence of NMSC were age (5% increased risk per year; P < 0.001), male sex (91% increased risk; P = 0.022), and hydroxycarbamide exposure (22% increased risk; P = 0.065). No susceptibility gene variant was identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the risk to develop NMSC in ET/PV patients results from the combined effect of common risk factors (age, male sex) together with cytoreductive treatment.
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Montse
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Vicent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Guillem
authors.affiliation: Hemotherapy and Hemostasis Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Hospital Morales Messeguer, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrer-Marín
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Álvarez-Larrán
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kerguelen
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
authors.forename: Natàlia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Estrada
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Joaquín
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martínez-López
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angona
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amat
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Besses
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan-Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hernández-Boluda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011087:Polycythemia Vera / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D013920:Thrombocythemia, Essential / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: essential thrombocythemia; genetic polymorphisms; hydroxycarbamide; non-melanoma skin cancer; polycythemia vera