title: Expanding the Biologist's Toolkit with CRISPR-Cas9.
abstract: Few discoveries transform a discipline overnight, but biologists today can manipulate cells in ways never possible before, thanks to a peculiar form of prokaryotic adaptive immunity mediated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). From elegant studies that deciphered how these immune systems function in bacteria, researchers quickly uncovered the technological potential of Cas9, an RNA-guided DNA cleaving enzyme, for genome engineering. Here we highlight the recent explosion in visionary applications of CRISPR-Cas9 that promises to usher in a new era of biological understanding and control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sternberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Innovative Genomics Initiative, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: doudna@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Doudna
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064130:CRISPR-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics; D064112:Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D000094704:RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D064130:CRISPR-Associated Proteins; D000094704:RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I