title: Sub-species diversity ofXanthomonas euvesicatoriaBulgarian and Macedonian strains from pepper.
abstract: Sub-species diversity of pepper populations ofXanthomonas euvesicatoriain Bulgaria and Macedonia in 2012 was the object of this study. Species determination of 44 strains was performed by molecular methods using two pairs of species-specific primers and RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis of the 16S-23S ITS region withHpaII. The populations were characterized by genotypic and phenotypic properties. The genotypic diversity of the strains was evaluated by RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) technique. Primer CUGEA-6 differentiated the strains in two groups, one of which included only Bulgarian strains and revealed a mixed profile of the type strain. BiologTMmetabolite profiles separated the strains in four groups: two of which were composed only of Bulgarian or Macedonian strains. Correlation between the RAPD and the metabolic profiles was observed. Twelve antibiotics and copper ions in five concentrations (1-5 g kg-1) were tested for biological activity. The inhibition zones of the Bulgarian strains were statistically proven to be considerably larger than the Macedonian ones in the tests with kanamycin, streptomycin, polymyxin B sulphate, tetracycline and vankomycin. The inhibition zones of the Bulgarian strains were statistically proven to be relatively larger than the Macedonian ones in the copper tests. Based on our studies the Macedonian population ofX. euvesicatoriamanifested a relative homogeneity while a greater diversity was observed in the Bulgarian population.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski' , Sofia , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Taca
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vancheva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil Science, Agrotechnologies and Plant Protection 'Nikola Poushkarov' , Sofia , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Mariya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stoyanova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski' , Sofia , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatyozova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil Science, Agrotechnologies and Plant Protection 'Nikola Poushkarov' , Sofia , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Nevena
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bogatzevska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski' , Sofia , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Penka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moncheva
keywords: Bulgarian and Macedonian populations; RAPD analysis; Xanthomonas pathogens; bacterial spot of pepper; genotypic and phenotypic variations