title: Growth promoting hormonal implant pellets coated with a polymeric, porous film promote weight gain by grazing beef heifers and steers for up to 200 days.
abstract: Two studies evaluated growth promoting effects of implant pellets (IP), each containing 3.5 mg estradiol benzoate (EB) and 25 mg trenbolone acetate (TBA), to which a polymeric, porous coating was applied. Trial 1 evaluated performance of heifers (n = 70/treatment, initial BW = 188 ± 2.2 kg) and steers (n = 70/treatment, initial BW = 194 ± 2.2 kg) implanted subcutaneously in the ear with 0 (SC), 2 (2IP), 4 (4IP), or 6 (6IP) pellets that delivered EB/TBA (mg/mg) doses of 0/0, 7/50, 14/100, and 21/150, respectively, over grazing periods of 202 d (heifers) or 203 d (steers). Animals received experimental treatments on d 0 and over the grazing period were managed as single groups by sex in a rotational grazing system. When pasture forage availability became limited, cattle were supplemented with preserved forage but not concentrate supplements. Weight gains by heifers treated with 2IP, 4IP, and 6IP were greater (P < 0.05) than SC heifers but not different from each other. Weight gains by steers treated with 2IP, 4IP, and 6IP were greater than SC steers (P < 0.05), and ADG by steers treated with 6IP was greater (P < 0.05) than steers given 2IP or 4IP. Trial 2 was a multisite grazing study performed with heifers and steers to compare ADG after treatment with one 6-pellet, coated implant delivering 21 mg EB and 150 mg TBA (6IP) to sham treated negative controls (SC) over a grazing period of at least 200 d. A completely random design was used at each site, with the goal to treat 70 cattle per site, treatment, and sex; data were pooled across sites. Heifers (n = 558, initial BW = 229 ± 16 kg) and steers (n = 555, initial BW = 235 ± 20 kg) grazed in rotational programs consistent with regional practices for an average of 202 d. When necessary, cattle were supplemented with preserved forage, but no concentrate supplements were fed. Over 202 d, ADG by heifers treated with 6IP was 11.3% greater (P = 0.0035) than SC heifers (0.64 ± 0.06 kg/d), and ADG by steers treated with 6IP was 17.2% greater (P = 0.0054) than SC steers (0.66 ± 0.08 kg/d). In neither study was there evidence that concurrent therapeutic treatments or abnormal health observations were influenced by experimental treatments. These studies demonstrated that a 6-pellet implant with a polymeric, porous coating that delivers 21 mg EB and 150 mg TBA improved ADG by grazing heifers and steers for at least 200 d compared to sham-implanted negative controls.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cleale
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Edmonds
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Edmonds
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hunsaker
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Yazwinski
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004343:Drug Implants; D004423:Ear; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D060434:Herbivory / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011108:Polymers; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014204:Trenbolone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D011108:Polymers; C074283:estradiol 3-benzoate; D004958:Estradiol; D014204:Trenbolone Acetate