title: Curcumin Inhibits Invasiveness and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Reducing Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, 9 and Modulating p53-E-Cadherin Pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion play a critical role in cancer progression and metastasis. We have shown that low E-cadherin and high Twist expression are significantly correlated with prognostic survival prediction in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to determine the anti-invasive effect of curcumin on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and of EMT regulators in OSCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  SCC-25 cells were treated with curcumin, and cell proliferation, invasion, and expression of MMPs and EMT regulators were assessed for cell viability by trypan blue exclusion, for invasion by Matrigel invasion chamber, and for EMT regulators and MMP changes in the levels of proteins by immunoblotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data showed that curcumin treatment not only decreased the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 to inhibit invasiveness in oral cancer but also modulated the expression of EMT markers, such as Snail, Twist, and E-cadherin, and induced p53 expression that is crucial to EMT repression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Curcumin has the potential to become an adjunctive regimen for the prevention of cancer progression and metastasis in oral cancer.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Alan Yueh-Luen
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei, Taiwan Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yen-An
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chieh-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan tingyu@mail.ypu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Ting-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: E-cadherin; EMT; Twist; curcumin; oral cancer; p53