title: Accuracy validation of the Microlife 3AS1-2 blood pressure device in a pregnant population with low blood pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the accuracy of the Microlife 3AS1-2 blood pressure (BP) device in pregnant women with low BP to investigate suitability for hypotensive detection in low-income and middle-income countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective observational study was carried out evaluating the Microlife 3AS1-2, a hand-held, upper-arm, semiautomated BP device, according to British Hypertension Society (BHS) protocol methods. Thirty (stable) pregnant women with a clinical systolic BP less than 100 mmHg and/or diastolic BP less than 60 mmHg were recruited from antenatal wards and clinics and their BP was measured by three trained observers at a district-level hospital in South Africa. Accuracy was assessed according to the BHS grading criteria (A/B=pass) and the ANSI/AAMI/ISO standard for mean difference and SD (≤5±8 mmHg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The device achieved an A/A grade according to the BHS grading criteria. The mean difference±SD between the observer and the test device was 0.5±6.2 and 1.3±5.4 mmHg for systolic and diastolic BP, respectively, fulfilling the standard required by the ANSI/AAMI/ISO protocol. All observer differences were within 4 mmHg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the BHS protocol, the Microlife 3AS1-2 BP device is accurate in pregnant women with low BP. The device has been validated previously in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia and also fulfils the criteria of the WHO for use in a low-resource setting. Although unstable women were not included in this validation (for safety and pragmatic reasons), this device could potentially improve the detection of shock secondary to obstetric haemorrhage or sepsis, as well as being used in pre-eclampsia, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries.
authors.affiliation: Women's Health Academic Centre, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Hannah L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Nathan
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Greeff
authors.forename: Natasha L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Hezelgrave
authors.forename: Lucy C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chappell
authors.forename: Andrew H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Shennan
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D001132:Arm; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003906:Developing Countries; D003971:Diastole; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007182:Income; D015588:Observer Variation; D009991:Oscillometry; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013599:Systole