title: Botulinum toxin in the treatment of muscle specific Oro-facial pain: a literature review.
abstract: Facial pain associated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and surrounding structures has been a challenge to clinicians as far as diagnosis and management is concerned. Complexity of anatomical structures within a small area, function of teeth and surrounding periodontal ligament, action of muscles, pathologies, lack of diagnostic investigations, all these complicate specific diagnosis of TMJ disorders. Various classifications have been designed and studied to help diagnose and treat TMJ related disorders, of which the simplest one is pain from TMJ proper and surrounding muscles. Many treatment modalities to treat pain arising from muscles around TMJ like splints, mouth restriction exercises, injection of sclerosing agents etc. have been used with various degrees of success. Botulinum toxin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of oro-facial pain due to muscular disorders and the same is discussed in detail in this review literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sunil Dutt
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, India.
authors.forename: Pooja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramnani
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, India.
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, India.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pandit
keywords: Botox in TMJ; Botulinum toxin; Muscles of TMJ; Temporomandibular joint disorders