title: Safety of implanted cardiac devices in an MRI environment.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has evolved into an essential diagnostic modality for the evaluation of various conditions. In line with the increase in MRI applications, the use of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) is growing and many of the CEID recipients of today may require MRI examinations in the future. Traditionally, MRI examination of CIED recipients has been considered a contraindication. However, recent studies have provided strong evidence that MRI can safely be performed in selected patients with specific precautions. This review highlights the interactions of MRI with CIEDs, summarizes the literature, and outlines the Johns Hopkins Safety Protocol.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Esra Gucuk
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Ipek
authors.forename: Saman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nazarian
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D015897:Comorbidity; D000075202:Contraindications; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D061214:Patient Safety; D018579:Patient Selection; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States