title: Diosmectite-zinc oxide composite improves intestinal barrier restoration and modulates TGF-β1, ERK1/2, and Akt in piglets after acetic acid challenge.
abstract: The present study evaluated the beneficial effect of diosmectite-zinc oxide composite (DS-ZnO) on improving intestinal barrier restoration in piglets after acetic acid challenge and explored the underlying mechanisms. Twenty-four 35-d-old piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire), with an average weight of 8.1 kg, were allocated to 4 treatment groups. On d 1 of the trial, colitis was induced via intrarectal injection of acetic acid (10 mL of 10% acetic acid [ACA] solution for ACA, DS-ZnO, and mixture of diosmectite [DS] and ZnO [DS+ZnO] groups) and the control group was infused with saline. Twenty-four hours after challenged, piglets were fed with the following diets: 1) control group (basal diet), 2) ACA group (basal diet), 3) DS-ZnO group (basal diet supplemented with DS-ZnO), and 4) DS+ZnO group (mixture of 1.5 g diosmectite [DS]/kg and 500 mg Zn/kg from ZnO [equal amount of DS and ZnO in the DS-ZnO treatment group]). On d 8 of the trial, piglets were sacrificed. The results showed that DS-ZnO supplementation improved (P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and transepithelial electrical resistance and decreased (P < 0.05) fecal scores, crypt depth, and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa (FD4) influx as compared with ACA group. Moreover, DS-ZnO increased (P < 0.05) occludin, claudin-1, and zonula occluden-1 expressions; reduced (P < 0.05) caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity and Bax expression; and improved (P < 0.05) Bcl2, XIAP, and PCNA expression. Diosmectite-zinc oxide composite supplementation also increased (P < 0.05) TGF-β1 expression and ERK1/2 and Akt activation. These results suggest that DS-ZnO attenuates the acetic acid-induced colitis by improving mucosa barrier restoration, inhibiting apoptosis, and improving intestinal epithelial cells proliferation and modulation of TGF-β1 and ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathway.
authors.forename: Z-H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Y-L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ke
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: L-F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Q-H
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020169:Caspases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007267:Injections; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017640:Silicates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017640:Silicates; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C033214:Smectite; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020169:Caspases; D019342:Acetic Acid; D015034:Zinc Oxide