title: Effects of drought-affected corn and nonstarch polysaccharide enzyme inclusion on nursery pig growth performance.
abstract: The effectiveness of carbohydrase enzymes has been inconsistent in corn-based swine diets; however, the increased substrate of nonstarch polysaccharides in drought-affected corn may provide an economic model for enzyme inclusion, but this has not been evaluated. A total of 360 barrows (PIC 1050 × 337, initially 5.85 kg BW) were used to determine the effects of drought-affected corn inclusion with or without supplementation of commercial carbohydrases on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of nursery pigs. Initially, 34 corn samples were collected to find representatives of normal and drought-affected corn. The lot selected to represent the normal corn had a test weight of 719.4 kg/m3, 15.0% moisture, and 4.2% xylan. The lot selected to represent drought-affected corn had a test weight of 698.8 kg/m3, 14.3% moisture, and 4.7% xylan. After a 10-d acclimation period postweaning, nursery pigs were randomly allotted to 1 of 8 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 4 factorial with main effects of corn (normal vs. drought affected) and enzyme inclusion (none vs. 100 mg/kg Enzyme A vs. 250 mg/kg Enzyme B vs. 100 mg/kg Enzyme A + 250 mg/kg Enzyme B). Both enzymes were included blends of β-glucanase, cellulose, and xylanase (Enzyme A) or hemicellulase and pectinases (Enzyme B). Pigs were fed treatment diets from d 10 to 35 postweaning in 2 phases. Feed and fecal samples were collected on d 30 postweaning to determine apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients. The nutrient concentrations of normal and drought-affected corn were similar, which resulted in few treatment or main effects differences of corn type or enzyme inclusion. No interactions were observed (P > 0.10) between corn source and enzyme inclusion. Overall (d 10 to 35), treatments had no effect on ADG or ADFI, but enzyme A inclusion tended to improve (P < 0.10; 0.74 vs. 0.69) G:F, which was primarily driven by the improved feed efficiency (0.76 vs. 0.72; P < 0.05) of pigs fed Enzyme A in Phase 2 (d 10 to 25 postweaning) and was likely a result of improved xylan utilization. In conclusion, drought stress did not alter the nonstarch polysaccharide concentration of corn beyond xylan concentration, so it was not surprising that enzyme inclusion showed little benefit to nursery pig growth performance. However, improved feed efficiency of pigs fed diets containing Enzyme A from d 10 to 25 postweaning warrants further investigation
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Frantz
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bergstrom
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: DeRouchey
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Patience
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002482:Cellulose / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D055864:Droughts; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008297:Male; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000494:pharmacology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D002482:Cellulose; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C019822:carbohydrase; C023305:hemicellulase; D011096:Polygalacturonase