title: Dietary resistant starch contained foods and breast cancer risk: a case-control study in northwest of Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A protective effect of resistant starch (RS) containing foods on carcinogenesis has been shown from several lines of experimental evidence for gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between RS contained foods and breast cancer (BC) risk in a hospital-based, age- and origin- matched, case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A validated, semi-quantitative, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was completed by 306 women newly diagnosed with BC aged 25 to 65 years, and 309 healthy women as matched controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduced BC risk was associated with the highest tertile of whole-wheat bread and boiled potato consumption with adjusted ORs at 0.34 (95%CI: 0.19-0.59) and 0.61 (95%CI: 0.37- 0.99), respectively. Among consumers of whole-wheat bread consumers were considered, the protective role of cereals remained relatively apparent at higher intakes level of fiber rich breads at adjusted models (OR=0.53, 95%CI: 0.28-1.01). Moreover, high intake of legumes was found out to be a significant protective dietary factor against risk of BC development with an OR of 0.01 (95%CI: 0.03-0.13). However, consumption of white bread and biscuits was positively related to BC risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that certain RS containing foods, in particular whole wheat bread, legumes and boiled potato may reduce BC risk, whereas higher intake of white bread and biscuits may be related to increased BC risk.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran E-mail : pirouzpanah@gmail.com, pirouzpanahs@tbzmed.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Aynaz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tajaddini
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pourzand
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sanaat
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pirouzpanah
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001939:Bread; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003296:Cooking; D004032:Diet; D007887:Fabaceae; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011198:Solanum tuberosum; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000067348:Whole Grains
chemical_list: D056692:Prebiotics; D013213:Starch