title: Disorders of Accommodative Convergation and Accommodation (AC/A) Relations at Traumatic Brain Injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accommodative Convergence/Accommodation (AC/A) ratio is constant at one and the same person in the course of life, i.e. the same ratio accommodative convergence monitor any change in accommodation measured in diopters. Such a perfect relationship is possible if there are no refractive anomalies in both eyes and oculomotor imbalance of eye muscles.
  
  
  METHODS
  We are examined 50 patients with close brain injury, and patients which had problems with near vision, accommodation and convergency were reducted, with loss motor fussion, and preserved stereoscopis vision, and showed us, that disturbances are clear motor and folowed with incapable of patient to hold of superposition view to watching object.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The difference in average proximity distance vision and reading time with no fatigue after 6 months a statistically significant, the value of t-test, t = 1873 for p <0.01, r = 0. 718. The value of convergent fusion 6 months after treatment in 30% of the patients was from 0 to16 Pd, S. D. = 18. 6, and χ(2) = 7. 22. In 18% of the patients was from 0 to 10 Pd, S. D = 17. 61, and χ(2) = 5. 41, at 20% of patients 0 to 22 Pd, SD = 14. 18, χ(2) = 6. 84, in 16% of patients 0 to 4 Pd, SD = 16. 41, χ(2) t-test = 5. 13 and the remaining 16% of patients the value of convergent fusion is about 1 PD, S. D = 15. 01, χ(2) t = 5. 18. All patients showed significant improvement in near vision compared to the value of convergent fusion before treatment where χ(2) t-test = 9.41, after 6 months of treatment, there is considerable significance p < 0 01, t-test 0. 914, correlation coefficient r = 0. 881.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disturbances of AC / A ratio should be evaluated only with regard to all symptoms and is only possible by proper rating interference in reading.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Clinic, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Raif
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Serdarevic
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000150:complications*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011305:Presbyopia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: disorders of AC / A; motor fusion; traumatic brain injury