title: Combination of music with lifestyle modification versus lifestyle modification alone on blood pressure reduction - A randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the change in blood pressure (BP) after 3 months of music intervention combined with lifestyle modifications, in comparison with conventional lifestyle modifications.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Prospective randomized control trial was conducted on hundred prehypertensives or stage I hypertensives who were randomly divided into two groups (n = 50 each). Both the groups were given lifestyle modifications while one had added music intervention (raga bhimpalas) for 3 months. Main outcome measures were 24 h ambulatory BP monitoring, stress levels, and biomarkers of hypertension.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) of diastolic BP (DBP) pre and post intervention were overall = 85.1(6.8) and 83(8.7){P = 0.004}, awake = 87.7(7.6) and 85.9(9.2){P = 0.021}. Regression analysis showed association between diastolic BP change and post-intervention stress score in the music intervention group. Significant change in BP was seen among those who were prehypertensives prior to intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Music decreased DBP and when used as an adjunct benefitted subjects with initial BP in prehypertension range.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: kirthanaku@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kirthana Ubrangala
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Kunikullaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Jaisri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goturu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Vijayadas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Muradi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Preethi Avinash
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Hukkeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Radhika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kunnavil
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Doreswamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Vadagenahalli S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: Department of Division of Research and Patents, Gokula Education Foundation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Nandagudi Srinivasa
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Murthy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009147:Music Therapy; D058246:Prehypertension / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: 24 h ambulatory blood pressure; Biomarkers hypertension; Indian music; Prehypertension; Stage I hypertension