title: Application of high-frequency electrosurgical scalpel and methylene blue staining in endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the application of a high-frequency electrosurgical scalpel and methylene blue staining in the endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included 37 patients (43 eyes) undergoing endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy in our hospital between 2011 and 2013 using methylene blue staining of the lacrimal sac and a high-frequency electrosurgical scalpel for cutting nasal mucosa, intraoperative stanch, and fixation of lacrimal sac and nasal mucosal flaps. Surgical efficacy, intraoperative challenges, and corresponding handling methods were evaluated and summarized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 43 eyes, 42 were successfully cured (97.7%) and the symptoms in 1 eye were improved (2.3%). Total efficacy rate was 100%. All surgeries were successfully performed. No severe intraoperative complications were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high-frequency electrosurgical scalpel, combined with methylene blue staining of the lacrimal sac, is efficacious for nasal mucosal cutting, intraoperative stanch, and fixation of mucosal flap by cauterization, which significantly alleviates intraoperative complications and enhances surgical success rate. It deserves widespread application in clinical practice.
authors.forename: Zhongling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yueguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002425:Cautery; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004598:Electrosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000601:surgery; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013524:Surgical Flaps
chemical_list: D008751:Methylene Blue