title: [The scientific revolution in medicine of the last quarter of XIX-first half of XX centuries. Report I. The causes and mechanisms of scientific revolution].
abstract: The article describes the system of conceptions about subject of investigation in medicine and methods of research activities of physicians well-established by early 70s of XIX century. It is postulated that in the middle of 1870s in medicine occurred an objective need of entirely different from before vision of investigated reality, development and implementation of fundamentally new methodological approaches to its studying that by-turn initiated global scientific revolution in medicine of the last quarter of XIX-first half of XX centuries. It is substantiated that need of new vision of investigated reality became first of all a consequence of profound intra-disciplinary crisis related to awareness of fallibility of existed ideas of human organism and its vital activity. The second cause is two "paradigm inoculations" from biology which resulted in forced acceptance by physicians the extreme incompleteness and fallacy of their previous views concerning environment and essence of its effect on human organism.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stochik
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Zatravkin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D010686:Philosophy, Medical / Q000266:history*; D012586:Science / Q000266:history*