title: Genetic and antigenic characterization of H5 and H7 influenza viruses isolated from migratory water birds in Hokkaido, Japan and Mongolia from 2010 to 2014.
abstract: Migratory water birds are the natural reservoir of influenza A viruses. H5 and H7 influenza viruses are isolated over the world and also circulate among poultry in Asia. In 2010, two H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) were isolated from fecal samples of water birds on the flyway of migration from Siberia, Russia to the south in Hokkaido, Japan. H7N9 viruses are sporadically isolated from humans and circulate in poultry in China. To monitor whether these viruses have spread in the wild bird population, we conducted virological surveillance of avian influenza in migratory water birds in autumn from 2010 to 2014. A total of 8103 fecal samples from migratory water birds were collected in Japan and Mongolia, and 350 influenza viruses including 13 H5 and 19 H7 influenza viruses were isolated. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates are genetically closely related to viruses circulating among wild water birds. The results of the antigenic analysis indicated that the antigenicity of viruses in wild water birds is highly stable despite their nucleotide sequence diversity but is distinct from that of HPAIVs recently isolated in Asia. The present results suggest that HPAIVs and Chinese H7N9 viruses were not predominantly circulating in migratory water birds; however, continued monitoring of H5 and H7 influenza viruses both in domestic and wild birds is recommended for the control of avian influenza.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiono
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohkawara
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamatsu
authors.forename: Tomokazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Duc-Huy
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Mizuho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Saya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuribayashi
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shichinohe
authors.forename: Ayato
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Hirohito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Naganori
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nao
authors.forename: Wakako
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Furuyama
authors.forename: Junki
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Nao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: Gerelmaa
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ulziibat
authors.forename: Bazarragchaa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Enkhbold
authors.forename: Munkhduuren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shatar
authors.forename: Tserenjav
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jargalsaikhan
authors.forename: Selenge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Byambadorj
authors.forename: Batchuluun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Damdinjav
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakoda
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D001717:Birds; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology*; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008986:Mongolia; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral