title: Phytoneering: a new way of therapy for rhinosinusitis.
abstract: A growing amount of scientific evidence suggests that herbal medicine may be helpful as an adjuvant treatment in rhinosinusitis. Herein, we systematically review and determine the role, efficacy and safety of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis and establish the qualities of herbal drugs as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Eligible studies published in English or German from January 1990 until June 2014 were identified via electronic database searches. Keywords were: sinusitis, phytotherapy, phytomedicine and herbal drugs. Additional studies were obtained through the references of selected articles. Twenty-two articles met inclusion criteria. Overall, the publications indicated that herbal medicines can have mucolytic, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and secretolytic effects in experimental animals. Phytotherapy has also been found to be efficacious in reducing the symptoms of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis in children and the adult population in vivo, demonstrating a high level of tolerability and safety. Herbal products developed using phytoneering techniques have shown improvements in performance compared with previous formulations. The current literature suggests that phytotherapy is an effective and safe form of ancillary treatment for rhinosinusitis. In particular, herbal drugs made with the technique of phytoneering have proven effective in acute rhinosinusitis.
authors.affiliation: ENT Department, University of Siena, Siena, Italy;
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Passali
authors.affiliation: ENT Department, University of Siena, Siena, Italy;
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cambi
authors.affiliation: ENT Clinic, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Passali
authors.affiliation: ENT Department, University of Siena, Siena, Italy;
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bellussi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D006801:Humans; D008517:Phytotherapy; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Phytoneering; Phytotherapy; Rhinosinusitis