title: Antifungal drug resistance among Candida species: mechanisms and clinical impact.
abstract: The epidemiology of Candida infections has changed in recent years. Although Candida albicans is still the main cause of invasive candidiasis in most clinical settings, a substantial proportion of patients is now infected with non-albicans Candida species. The various Candida species vary in their susceptibility to the most commonly used antifungal agents, and the intrinsic resistance to antifungal therapy seen in some species, along with the development of acquired resistance during treatment in others, is becoming a major problem in the management of Candida infection. A better understanding of the mechanisms and clinical impact of antifungal drug resistance is essential for the efficient treatment of patients with Candida infection and for improving treatment outcomes. Herein, we report resistance to the azoles and echinocandins among Candida species.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanguinetti
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Brunella
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Posteraro
authors.affiliation: Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lass-Flörl
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology*; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001393:Azoles; D054714:Echinocandins
keywords: Antifungal drug resistance; Candida; azoles; echinocandins; susceptibility testing