title: An efficient and reliable geographic routing protocol based on partial network coding for underwater sensor networks.
abstract: Efficient routing protocols for data packet delivery are crucial to underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). However, communication in UWSNs is a challenging task because of the characteristics of the acoustic channel. Network coding is a promising technique for efficient data packet delivery thanks to the broadcast nature of acoustic channels and the relatively high computation capabilities of the sensor nodes. In this work, we present GPNC, a novel geographic routing protocol for UWSNs that incorporates partial network coding to encode data packets and uses sensor nodes' location information to greedily forward data packets to sink nodes. GPNC can effectively reduce network delays and retransmissions of redundant packets causing additional network energy consumption. Simulation results show that GPNC can significantly improve network throughput and packet delivery ratio, while reducing energy consumption and network latency when compared with other routing protocols.
authors.affiliation: School of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin ChengJian University, 300384 Tianjin, China. littlehao@126.com.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic Information Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China. zgjin@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Computer Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Flinders University, 5001 Adelaide, Australia. haifeng.shen@flinders.edu.au.
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic Information Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China. zgjin@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: energy consumption; geographic routing; packet delivery ratio; partial network coding; underwater sensor networks (UWSNs)