title: Symmetry of charge order in cuprates.
abstract: Charge-ordered ground states permeate the phenomenology of 3d-based transition metal oxides, and more generally represent a distinctive hallmark of strongly correlated states of matter. The recent discovery of charge order in various cuprate families has fuelled new interest into the role played by this incipient broken symmetry within the complex phase diagram of high-T(c) superconductors. Here, we use resonant X-ray scattering to resolve the main characteristics of the charge-modulated state in two cuprate families: Bi2Sr(2-x)La(x)CuO(6+δ) (Bi2201) and YBa2Cu3O(6+y) (YBCO). We detect no signatures of spatial modulations along the nodal direction in Bi2201, thus clarifying the inter-unit-cell momentum structure of charge order. We also resolve the intra-unit-cell symmetry of the charge-ordered state, which is revealed to be best represented by a bond order with modulated charges on the O-2p orbitals and a prominent d-wave character. These results provide insights into the origin and microscopic description of charge order in cuprates, and its interplay with superconductivity.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Comin
authors.affiliation: Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sutarto
authors.affiliation: Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada [3] Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany [4] Quantum Materials Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: da Silva Neto
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada [3] Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chauviere
authors.affiliation: 1] Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany [2] Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fraño
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bonn
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eisaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Achkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hawthorn
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keimer
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Sawatzky
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Damascelli