title: Ramucirumab as second-line treatment for patients with metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.
abstract: Ramucirumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the VEGF receptor 2. It prevents ligand binding to VEGF receptor 2 and receptor-mediated pathway activation in endothelial cells. After promising Phase I trial results in a variety of tumor types, two pivotal placebo-controlled Phase III trials conducted in patients with pretreated metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma demonstrated significant clinical activity regarding the prolongation of overall survival both as monotherapy (REGARD study) and in combination with paclitaxel (RAINBOW study). Currently, ramucirumab is being investigated in the first-line treatment of esophagogastric adenocarcinoma in combination with capecitabine and cisplatin in a Phase III trial (RAINFALL).
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf-Dieter
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hofheinz
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorenzen
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069287:Capecitabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000096662:Ramucirumab
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000069287:Capecitabine; D002945:Cisplatin; D000096662:Ramucirumab
keywords: anti-angiogenic treatment; gastroesophageal cancer; paclitaxel; ramucirumab; second-line therapy