title: Magnetic/pH-responsive beads based on caboxymethyl chitosan and κ-carrageenan and controlled drug release.
abstract: This paper reports the synthesis of magnetic and pH-sensitive beads derived from κ-carrageenan and carboxymethyl chitosan for drug delivery. The magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized inside a mixture of biopolymers by in situ method. The structural properties of hydrogel beads were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, and VSM techniques. The swelling ratio of beads indicated pH-dependent properties with maximum water absorbing at pH 7.4. Introducing magnetic nanoparticles caused a decrease in swelling capacity from 16.4 to 10 g/g. Drug loading and release efficiency were investigated using diclofenac sodium as a model system. The in vitro drug release studies exhibited significant behaviors on the subject of physiological simulated pHs and external alternative magnetic fields. The maximum cumulative release was around 82% at pH 7.4. The presence of magnetite nanoparticles certainly influenced the drug release patterns. The response of beads to external stimulus makes them as good candidates for novel drug delivery systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran. Electronic address: grmnia@maragheh.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Gholam Reza
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Mahdavinia
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Etemadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soleymani
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000737:chemistry; D065546:Drug Liberation; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D060328:Magnetic Phenomena; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D020100:Hydrogels; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C514968:carboxymethyl-chitosan; D004008:Diclofenac; D002351:Carrageenan; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Bead; Carboxymethyl chitosan; Controlled release; Magnetic; κ-Carrageenan