title: Peptide-Metal Organic Framework Swimmers that Direct the Motion toward Chemical Targets.
abstract: Highly efficient and robust chemical motors are expected for the application in microbots that can selectively swim toward targets and accomplish their tasks in sensing, labeling, and delivering. However, one of major issues for such development is that current artificial swimmers have difficulty controlling their directional motion toward targets like bacterial chemotaxis. To program synthetic motors with sensing capability for the target-directed motion, we need to develop swimmers whose motions are sensitive to chemical gradients in environments. Here we create a new intelligent biochemical swimmer by integrating metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and peptides that can sense toxic heavy metals in solution and swim toward the targets. With the aid of Pb-binding enzymes, the peptide-MOF motor can directionally swim toward PbSe quantum dots (QD) by sensing pH gradient and eventually complete the motion as the swimmer reaches the highest gradient point at the target position in solution. This type of technology could be evolved to miniaturize chemical robotic systems that sense target chemicals and swim toward target locations.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States.|#Department of Innovative Systems Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology, 4-1 Gakuen-dai, Miyashiro, Saitama, 345-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikezoe
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States.
authors.forename: Tomasz L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Wasik
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States.
authors.forename: Menglu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: §Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.|∥CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.affiliation: §Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.|⊥Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States.|‡Department of Biochemistry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 413 E69th Street, New York, New York 10021, United States.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsui
mesh_terms: D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D009038:Motion; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry*; D018036:Selenium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D018036:Selenium Compounds; D007854:Lead
keywords: Swimmers; biomimetics; directed motion; metal−organic framework (MOF); motors; peptide assembly