title: Tea, but not coffee consumption, is associated with components of arterial pressure. The Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors study in Luxembourg.
abstract: There is uncertainty regarding the impact of tea and coffee consumption on arterial blood pressure. The present study aimed to examine the association between blood pressure (BP) components, namely, systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure (PP), and tea or coffee consumption, taking into account simultaneous consumption. The study population was derived from a national cross-sectional stratified sample of 1352 individuals aged 18 to 69 years, recruited between November 2007 and January 2009 to participate in the Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Luxembourg study. We hypothesized that greater tea consumption would be independently associated with lower BP. Tea and coffee consumptions in deciliters per day were obtained from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Participants were classified into 3 groups: nonconsumers, ≤3-dL/d consumers, and >3-dL/d consumers of each beverage separately. After exclusion of subjects taking antihypertensive medications, several general linear models were performed to investigate the independent relationship between tea/coffee consumption and BP components. Tea consumers (36.3%) were more likely to be younger women, nonsmokers, with better cardiometabolic profiles, and less frequent chronic pathologies, whereas the reverse was true for coffee consumers (88%). Greater tea consumption was associated with lower SBP and PP values, after adjustment for age, sex, education, lifestyle, and dietary confounding factors, including coffee drinking. No association between BP components and coffee consumption was observed. Daily consumption of 1 dL of tea was associated with a significant reduction of SBP by 0.6 mm Hg and PP by 0.5 mm Hg. Given the widespread consumption of tea and coffee throughout the world, together with the major cardiovascular disease risk, our findings have important implications for human health.
authors.affiliation: Luxembourg Institute of Health (L.I.H.) (formerly CRP-Santé), Centre d'Etudes en Santé, Strassen, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Electronic address: alaa.alkerwi@crp-sante.lu.
authors.forename: Ala'a
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alkerwi
authors.affiliation: Luxembourg Institute of Health (L.I.H.) (formerly CRP-Santé), Centre d'Etudes en Santé, Strassen, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sauvageot
authors.affiliation: Luxembourg Institute of Health (L.I.H.) (formerly CRP-Santé), Centre d'Etudes en Santé, Strassen, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: Georgina E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Crichton
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
authors.forename: Merrill F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Elias
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D028241:Camellia sinensis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003069:Coffee; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008189:Luxembourg; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013662:Tea; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D003069:Coffee; D028321:Plant Preparations; D013662:Tea
keywords: Blood pressure; Coffee consumption; Pulse pressure; Tea consumption