title: Rejuvenating Effects of Facial Hydrofilling using Restylane Vital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Morphological changes that accompany aging, such as wrinkles and skin laxity, are particularly prominent on facial skin. Recently, facial rejuvenation using the hydrofilling effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler has been employed for improvement of skin texture. In this study, we studied rejuvenating effects of stabilized HA (Restylane Vital) through direct intradermal injections.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 30 female patients underwent a series of procedures on face, including three sessions at intervals of four weeks. A total of 2 mL of Restylane Vital was injected along the whole face using an automatic injector. Improvement of skin surface roughness, elasticity, brightness, moisture, and fine wrinkles was evaluated. Patient satisfaction was evaluated, and pictures of patients were taken at each visit and 6 months after last treatment session. Scoring for each patient was performed by three doctors according in five subjects. Moisture, oil and elasticity were measured before the procedure and before the last treatment in 10 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of patients (77%) were satisfied with the therapeutic outcomes. Approximately 66% of patients responded that the effects of this procedure persisted for longer than four months, and the majority of patients (77%) wanted to undergo this procedure again and would recommend this procedure to acquaintances. Regarding doctors' evaluation, scores for improvement of skin surface roughness, elasticity, and brightness were significantly higher than those for improvement of moisture and fine wrinkle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intradermal injection of HA can have a rejuvenating effect on dry and tired facial skin, especially in improvement of skin surface roughness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Bong Moo
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Gil
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: V-Plastic Surgery Group, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Seok
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Hyaluronic acid; Injection, intradermal; Rejuvenation