title: Advances in the management of diabetic macular oedema based on evidence from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network.
abstract: The Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR.net) performs studies on new treatments for diabetic retinopathy. This review aims to summarise recent findings from DRCR.net studies on the treatment of diabetic macular oedema. We performed a PubMed search of articles from the DRCR.net, which included all studies pertaining to the treatment of diabetic maculopathy. The main outcome measures were retinal thickening as assessed by central subfield thickness on optical coherence tomography and improvement of visual acuity on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart. Findings from each study were divided into modalities of treatment, namely photocoagulation, bevacizumab, triamcinolone, ranibizumab and vitrectomy. While modified ETDRS focal/grid laser remains the standard of care, intravitreal corticosteroids or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents have also proven to be effective, although they come with associated side effects. The choice of treatment modality for diabetic macular oedema is a clinical judgement call, and depends on the patient's clinical history and assessment.
authors.affiliation: Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lik Thai
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Seen Nee
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.affiliation: Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, North Lanarkshire, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Elliott Yann
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Ah-Kee
authors.affiliation: Eye Department, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, England, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nejia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.affiliation: Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000458:organization & administration; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000628:therapy*; D019468:Disease Management; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008028:Light Coagulation; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000628:therapy*; D000069579:Ranibizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014221:Triamcinolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014221:Triamcinolone; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000069579:Ranibizumab
keywords: DRCR.net review; diabetic macular oedema; treatment