title: The effectiveness and impact of 10 gram glucose and 10 units insulin in treating hyperkalemia during living donor liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this retrospective observational study is to evaluate the effectiveness and impact on glycemia of the administration of 10 gram glucose and 10 units insulin in treating hyperkalemia during living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  In LDLT, patients whose serum potassium exceeded 5.4 mEq/L and were treated with 10 gram glucose and 10 U regular insulin were included in this study. The descriptive statistics summarize the demographic data, baseline laboratory values, and intra-operative parameters of the treated patients. The changes of the serum potassium and serum glucose levels after treatment were analyzed by the paired Student's t-test. All the data were given as means ± SD. A P value < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After administration of 10 gram glucose and 10 units regular insulin bolus intravenously, a drastic and significant decreased of serum potassium from 5.73 ± 0.44 to 4.48 ± 0.06 mEq/L was noted. The serum glucose level was slightly higher after the treatment (166.6 ± 32.1 and 196.8 ± 44.3 mg/dl respectively, p = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An intravenous bolus of 10 units regular insulin with 10 gram glucose was able to decrease the serum -potassium level effectively and additionally increase serum glucose in LDLT patients.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S-C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: C-L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: K-W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: S-C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: T-H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jawan
authors.forename: C-J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006947:Hyperkalemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose; D011188:Potassium