title: The beta subunit of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is an important factor for maintaining photosynthesis and plant development under salt stress-Based on an integrative analysis of the structural, physiological and proteomic changes in chloroplasts in Thellungiella halophila.
abstract: Thellungiella halophila, a new model halophyte, can survive under highly saline conditions. We performed comparative proteomics of chloroplasts from plants grown under different saline conditions. Seventy-five salt-responsive proteins were positively identified by mass spectrometry, which represented 43 unique ones. These proteins were categorized into 7 main pathways: light reaction, carbon fixation, energy metabolism, antenna proteins, cell structure, and protein degradation and folding. Saline conditions increased the abundance of proteins involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism and cell structure. The results indicated that Thellungiella could withstand high salinity by maintaining normal or high photosynthetic capacity, reducing ROS production, as well as enhancing energy usage. Meanwhile, the ultrastructural and physiological data also agree with chloroplast proteomics results. Subsequently, the glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase beta subunit (GAPB) involved in carbon fixation was selected and its role in salt tolerance was clarified by over-expressing it in Arabidopsis. ThGAPB-overexpressing plants had higher total chlorophyll contents, dry weights, water contents and survival rates than that of wild type plants. These results indicated that ThGAPB might improve plant salt tolerance by maintaining higher recycling rates of ADP and NADP(+) to decrease ROS production, helping to maintain photosynthetic efficiency and plant development under saline conditions.
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou city 570228, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou city 570228, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Anping
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Qixing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
authors.forename: Cunzhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou city 570228, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China. Electronic address: xchwanghainan@163.com.
authors.forename: Xuchu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D055049:Salt Tolerance; D055051:Salt-Tolerant Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D057825:Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases
keywords: Chloroplast; Comparative proteomics; Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Halophyte; Thellungiella halophila