title: Incidence of self-reported interpersonal violence related physical injury in iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Violence is the cause of death for 1.5 million people in a year.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our study aimed to estimate the incidence rate of self-reported interpersonal violence related physical injury (VRPI) and its associated factors in Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included people ranged from 15 to 64 years old who were residing in Iran. A total of 1525 clusters were selected from the whole country. Six families were selected from each cluster via a systematic random sampling method. Then, the residential units were identified and the interviewers contacted the inhabitants. In the next step, one of the family members was selected by using Kish grid method. The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire and consisted of two sections; demographics and project related data. Face validity and content validity of our questionnaire were investigated based on expert opinions and the reliability was confirmed by a pilot study, as well. The inclusion criteria were considered for choosing the interviewers. An interviewer was assigned for each 42 participants (7 clusters). An educational seminar was held for the administrative managers (54 persons) and interviewers (230 persons) for a week. The field work was distributed among all 46 Medical Sciences universities in Iran. In each university, administrative issues were related to an executive director. Mann-Whitney U test and odds ratio were used to analyze the data with 95% confidence interval. α value was considered less than 5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of VRPI among 7886 participants was 24 during the last three months. The incidence rate of interpersonal VRPI was estimated at 3.04 per 1000 population (95% CI: 2.66-3.42) during a three-month interval in Iran. The incidence was 4.72 per 1000 population (95% CI: 4.01-5.43) for males and 1.78 per 1000 population (95% CI: 1.39-2.17) for females during a three-month interval. The mean (SD) of age of the participants with and without a history of VRPI were 26.5 (7.21) and 33.05 (12.05) years, respectively (P = 0.008). Considering the participants' gender, 66.7% were males (OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.14-6.23). Khuzestan Province had the most VRPIs (25% of all VRPIs). Streets and roads were the places with the highest frequency of injury (50%). The most frequent injured organ was the upper limb (54.17%). The most prevalent type of injury was a superficial wound (50%). Finally, the most common place of treatment was home (45.83%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We determined the incidence rate of self-reported interpersonal VRPI for the first time in Iran based on a national survey. The injuries were more common among young men. We suggest consecutive national surveys with different data gathering methods and more sample sizes.
authors.affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Payman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salamati
authors.affiliation: Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Afarin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahimi-Movaghar
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Abbas
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Motevalian
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Masoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amin-Esmaeili
authors.affiliation: Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Vandad
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sharifi
authors.affiliation: Tehran Psychiatric Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hajebi
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rad Goodarzi
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hefazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Theology, Quran and Hadith University, Hazrat-e Abdul-Azim Holy Shrine, Rey City, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Zohrehsadat
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Naji
authors.affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Soheil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saadat
authors.affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Vafa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rahimi-Movaghar
keywords: Health Surveys; Incidence; Iran; Violence; Wounds and Injuries