title: Gastric pyloric gland adenoma.
abstract: Pyloric gland adenomas are rare neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastric pyloric gland adenomas have been shown to arise in chronically damaged mucosa. The neoplastic glands have gastric pyloric gland differentiation and have a tightly packed organization with occasional cystic dilatation. The individual cells are cuboidal to columnar, with eosinophilic to amphophilic cytoplasm and either no apical mucin cap or a poorly formed apical mucin cap. The nuclei are round to oval, with occasional prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells label with markers of gastric pyloric gland differentiation, including MUC6 and MUC5AC. There is limited information regarding the natural history of pyloric gland adenomas, but clinical series have described adenocarcinomas in association with gastric pyloric gland adenomas. The ideal clinical management is adequate sampling of the lesion to investigate for high-grade dysplasia and/or invasive cancer and recommendation to clinical colleagues to investigate the background mucosa for the etiology of chronic gastritis as well as potential additional neoplastic lesions. This review will focus on gastric pyloric gland adenomas.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology (Drs Pezhouh and Park) and the Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development (Dr Park), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; and the Department of Pathology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas (Dr Park).
authors.forename: Maryam Kherad
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Pezhouh
authors.forename: Jason Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002864:Chromogranins; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs / Q000235:genetics; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D055271:Mucin 5AC / Q000378:metabolism; D055272:Mucin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002864:Chromogranins; C117307:KRAS protein, human; C524678:MUC5AC protein, human; C524734:MUC6 protein, human; D055271:Mucin 5AC; D055272:Mucin-6; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C406732:GNAS protein, human; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins