title: Optimization of NaOH Molarity, LUSI Mud/Alkaline Activator, and Na2SiO3/NaOH Ratio to Produce Lightweight Aggregate-Based Geopolymer.
abstract: This paper presents the mechanical function and characterization of an artificial lightweight geopolymer aggregate (ALGA) using LUSI (Sidoarjo mud) and alkaline activator as source materials. LUSI stands for LU-Lumpur and SI-Sidoarjo, meaning mud from Sidoarjo which erupted near the Banjarpanji-1 exploration well in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia on 27 May 2006. The effect of NaOH molarity, LUSI mud/Alkaline activator (LM/AA) ratio, and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio to the ALGA are investigated at a sintering temperature of 950 °C. The results show that the optimum NaOH molarity found in this study is 12 M due to the highest strength (lowest AIV value) of 15.79% with lower water absorption and specific gravity. The optimum LUSI mud/Alkaline activator (LM/AA) ratio of 1.7 and the Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 0.4 gives the highest strength with AIV value of 15.42% with specific gravity of 1.10 g/cm3 and water absorption of 4.7%. The major synthesized crystalline phases were identified as sodalite, quartz and albite. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image showed more complete geopolymer matrix which contributes to highest strength of ALGA produced.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), School of Material Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), P.O. Box 77, D/A Pejabat Pos Besar, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia. rafizarazak@unimap.edu.my.
authors.forename: Rafiza Abdul
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Razak
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering Technology, Uniciti Alam Campus, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Sungai Chuchuh, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia. mustafa_albakri@unimap.edu.my.|Faculty of Technology, Universitas Ubudiyah Indonesia, Jl. Alue Naga, Kec. Syiah Kuala Desa, Tibang, 23536 Banda Aceh, Indonesia. mustafa_albakri@unimap.edu.my.
authors.forename: Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering Technology, Uniciti Alam Campus, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Sungai Chuchuh, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia. vc@unimap.edu.my.
authors.forename: Kamarudin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hussin
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Jejawi, Perlis, Malaysia. nizar@unimap.edu.my.
authors.forename: Khairul Nizar
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Civil Engineering Department, Petra Christian University, Jalan Siwalankerto 121-131, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia. djwantoro.h@peter.petra.ac.id.
authors.forename: Djwantoro
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hardjito
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), School of Material Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), P.O. Box 77, D/A Pejabat Pos Besar, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia. zarinayahya@unimap.edu.my.
authors.forename: Zarina
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yahya
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D017640:Silicates; D014867:Water; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; C005691:sodium silicate
keywords: Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR); SEM; X-ray Diffraction (XRD); aggregate impact value; artificial lightweight aggregate; geopolymer