title: Postnatal weight gain induced by overfeeding pups and maternal high-fat diet during the lactation period modulates glucose metabolism and the production of pancreatic and gastrointestinal peptides.
abstract: The impact of rapid weight gain on glucose metabolism during the early postnatal period remains unclear. We investigated the influence of rapid weight gain under different nutritional conditions on glucose metabolism, focusing on the production of pancreatic and gastric peptides. On postnatal day (PND) 2, C57BL/6N pups were divided into three groups: control (C) pups whose dams were fed a control diet (10%kcal fat) and nursed 10 pups each; maternal high-fat diet (HFD) pups whose dams were fed an HFD (45%kcal fat) and nursed 10 pups each; and overfeeding (OF) pups whose dams were fed the control diet and nursed 4 pups each. Data were collected on PND 7, 14 and 21. The body weight gains of the HFD and OF pups were 1.2 times higher than that of the C pups. On PND 14, the HFD pups had higher blood glucose levels, but there were no significant differences in serum insulin levels between the HFD and C pups. The OF pups had higher blood glucose and serum insulin levels than that of the C pups. Insulin resistance was found in the HFD and OF pups. On PND 14, the content of incretins in the jejunum was increased in the OF pups, and acyl ghrelin in the stomach was upregulated in the HFD and OF pups. These results suggest that neonatal weight gain induced by overfeeding pups and maternal high-fat diet during the early postnatal period modulates the insulin sensitivity and the production of pancreatic and gastrointestinal peptides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Qinwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: hosoda.hiroshi.ri@ncvc.go.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hosoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umekawa
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Research Department, Meiji Co., Ltd., Odawara, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinouchi
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Research Department, Meiji Co., Ltd., Odawara, Japan.
authors.forename: Natsuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikiya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazato
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kangawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005260:Female; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007774:Lactation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; D054439:Ghrelin; D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Ghrelin; Incretin; Insulin; Maternal high-fat diet; Neonatal weight gain