title: The evaluation of swallowing in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia and oropharyngeal dysphagia: A comparison study of videofluoroscopic and sonar doppler.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a degenerative disease that can cause loss of coordination of voluntary muscle movement such as that required for swallowing.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this cross-sectional and comparative case study were: (1) to assess the severity of dysphagia through a videofluoroscopic swallow study, and (2) to compare differences in frequency, intensity, and duration of sound waves produced during swallowing in normal and SCA patients by using sonar Doppler.
  
  
  METHODS
  During swallow evaluation using videofluoroscopy, a sonar Doppler transducer was placed on the right side of the neck, at the lateral edge of the trachea, just below the cricoid cartilage to capture the sounds of swallowing in 30 SCA patients and 30 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence in the dynamic evaluation of swallowing videofluoroscopy was by changes in the oral phase of swallowing. The analysis of variance of the averages found in each variable - frequency, intensity and duration of swallowing - shows there was a significant correlation when compared to the healthy individual curve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study demonstrates the prevalence of oral dysphagia observed in dynamic videofluoroscopic swallow evaluation. In patients with SCA, the mean initial frequency (IF), initial intensity (II), and final intensity (FI) were higher and the time (T) and peak frequency (PF) were lower, demonstrating a pattern of cricopharyngeal opening very close to that found in normal populations.
authors.affiliation: Speech Therapist Speech Therapy Specialist Hospital PUC PR Master in Communication Disorders UTP PR Doctoral Student in Internal Medicine UFPR.
authors.forename: Edna Márcia da Silva
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Abdulmassih
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Neurology UFPR.
authors.forename: Hélio Afonso Ghizoni
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Teive
authors.affiliation: Speech Therapist Master in Communication Disorders UTP PR Doctoral Student in Internal Medicine UFPR.
authors.forename: Rosane Sampaio
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Santos
keywords: Deglutition Disorders; Doppler Effect; Spinocerebellar Ataxias