title: Bi-module sensing device to in situ quantitatively detect hydrogen peroxide released from migrating tumor cells.
abstract: Cell migration is one of the key cell functions in physiological and pathological processes, especially in tumor metastasis. However, it is not feasible to monitor the important biochemical molecules produced during cell migrations in situ by conventional cell migration assays. Herein, for the first time a device containing both electrochemical sensing and trans-well cell migration modules was fabricated to sensitively quantify biochemical molecules released from the cell migration process in situ. The fully assembled device with a multi-wall carbon nanotube/graphene/MnO2 nanocomposite functionalized electrode was able to successfully characterize hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production from melanoma A375 cells, larynx carcinoma HEp-2 cells and liver cancer Hep G2 under serum established chemotaxis. The maximum concentration of H2O2 produced from A375, HEp-2 and Hep G2 in chemotaxis was 130 ± 1.3 nM, 70 ± 0.7 nM and 63 ± 0.7 nM, respectively. While the time required reaching the summit of H2O2 production was 3.0, 4.0 and 1.5 h for A375, HEp-2 and Hep G2, respectively. By staining the polycarbonate micropore membrane disassembled from the device, we found that the average migration rate of the A375, HEp-2 and Hep G2 cells were 98 ± 6%, 38 ± 4% and 32 ± 3%, respectively. The novel bi-module cell migration platform enables in situ investigation of cell secretion and cell function simultaneously, highlighting its potential for characterizing cell motility through monitoring H2O2 production on rare samples and for identifying underlying mechanisms of cell migration.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapid diagnosis of Fatal Diseases, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapid diagnosis of Fatal Diseases, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: YunLi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapid diagnosis of Fatal Diseases, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: AnXiu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapid diagnosis of Fatal Diseases, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: ZhuanZhuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapid diagnosis of Fatal Diseases, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: YingShuai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapid diagnosis of Fatal Diseases, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: ChangMing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D006108:Graphite; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide