title: Transitions in Current Substance Use from Adolescence to Early-Adulthood.
abstract: Substance use behaviors do not occur in isolation of one another and are not static over time. As adolescents age into early adulthood, there may be dynamic changes in their substance use behaviors, and these changes may be influenced by family and school factors. The current study uses Latent Transition Analysis to examine these changes by measuring transitions among different substance use profiles based on past 30-day alcohol, tobacco and marijuana use, and by estimating associations with demographic, family and school factors. Data were from youth (n = 850; 80% African American, 17% white, 3% mixed race, 50% female and 50% male) in grade 10 (Time 1), with 24- (Time 2) and 48-month (Time 3) follow-ups. Substance use profiles included Non-users (54%), Alcohol and Marijuana Users (20%), and Alcohol, Tobacco and Marijuana Users (26%). There were considerable transitions among profiles from Time 1 to Time 2, and fewer transitions from Time 2 to Time 3. At Time 1, African American race and positive school attitudes were negatively associated with being an Alcohol and Marijuana User, and being an Alcohol, Tobacco and Marijuana User. Family conflict, parental school involvement, female gender and African American race were associated with transitions among substance use profiles. Implications are discussed for a better understanding of transitions in substance use profiles, and for promoting maintenance of non-use and transitions from substance using profiles to non-use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, SPH I, Room 3806, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA, riteshm@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Ritesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mistry
authors.forename: Justin E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Heinze
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cordova
authors.forename: Hsing-Fang
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Heish
authors.forename: Jason E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Goldstick
authors.forename: Sophie M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ayer
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012650:Self Disclosure; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult