title: Serum levels of nitric oxide and protein oxidation in goats seropositive for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess and analyze the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in serum of goats naturally infected by Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, or concomitantly infected by these two parasites. Thus, it was measured NOx and AOPP levels in twenty (n=20) sera samples of goats seronegative for T. gondii and N. caninum [negative control group (A)]; while the positive groups were composed by sera of infected animals, twelve (n=12) seropositive for N. caninum [group B]; eighteen (n=18) positive for T. gondii [group C]; and thirteen (n=13) seropositive for N. caninum and T. gondii [group D]. As results, it was observed that animals seropositive for N. caninum and T. gondii (Groups B to D) showed higher serum levels of NOx (P<0.001; F=9.5), when compared with seronegative animals. Additionally, it was observed a positive correlation between NOx levels and antibodies titrations for N. caninum (P<0.01; r=0.68) and T. gondii (P<0.05; r=0.56). AOPP levels were increase in groups C and D (P>0.05). Interestingly, group B did not show increase in AOPP, what led us to hypothesize that the major protein damage is linked to T. gondii infection. Therefore, our results showed an increased in NOx levels, which was probably related to the immune response, since it is an important inflammatory mediator; and AOPP were increased in groups where there was seropositivity for T. gondii, but not for the group composed only by animals seropositive for N. caninum, allowing us to suggest higher protein damage in toxoplasmosis.
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Xanxerê, Santa Catarina 89820-000, Brazil. Electronic address: tonin.aat@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tonin
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, SC 88.520-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Camillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, SC 88.520-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Bochi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Moresco
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina 89815-630, Brazil. Electronic address: aleksandro_ss@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Da Silva
mesh_terms: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000469:parasitology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D006041:Goats / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D018688:Neospora / Q000276:immunology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D009569:Nitric Oxide
keywords: AOPP; Caprine; NO; Neosporosis; Toxoplasmosis