title: Skin Anti-Aging Activities of Bacteriochlorophyll a from Photosynthetic Bacteria, Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
abstract: In this work, the anti-aging skin effects of bacteriochlorophyll a isolated from Rhodobacter sphaeroides are first reported, with notably low cytotoxicity in the range of 1% to 14% in adding 0.00078 (% (w/w)) of the extracts, compared with the normal growth of both human dermal fibroblast and keratinocyte cells without any treatment as a control. The highest production of procollagen from human fibroblast cells (CCD-986sk) was observed as 221.7 ng/ml with 0.001 (% (w/w)) of bacteriochlorophyll a, whereas 150 and 200 ng/ml of procollagen production resulted from addition of 0.001 (% (w/w)) of the photosynthetic bacteria. The bacteriochlorophylla- induced TNF-α production increased to 63.8%, which was lower secretion from HaCaT cells than that from addition of 0.00005 (% (w/w)) of bacteriochlorophyll a. Additionally, bacteriochlorophyll a upregulated the expression of genes related to skin anti-aging (i.e., keratin 10, involucrin, transglutaminase-1, and MMPs), by up to 4-15 times those of the control. However, crude extracts from R. sphaeroides did not enhance the expression level of these genes. Bacteriochlorophyll a showed higher antioxidant activity of 63.8% in DPPH free radical scavenging than those of water, ethanol, and 70% ethanol extracts (14.0%, 57.2%, and 12.6%, respectively). It was also shown that the high antioxidant activity could be attributed to the skin anti-aging effect of bacteriochlorophyll a, although R. sphaeroides itself would not exhibit significant anti-aging activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Young
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Doosan EcoBizNet, Chuncheon 200-161, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Bin
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Chungju 362-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeon Yong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D025541:Bacteriochlorophyll A / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D053550:Keratin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011347:Procollagen / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D012242:Rhodobacter sphaeroides / Q000378:metabolism*; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D025541:Bacteriochlorophyll A; D011347:Procollagen; D011498:Protein Precursors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D053550:Keratin-10; C032253:involucrin; D011503:Transglutaminases; C105804:transglutaminase 1; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: Antioxidation; Bacteriochlorophyll a; Rhodobacter sphaeroides; Skin anti-aging activity