title: Improved Organizational Outcomes Associated With Incorporation of Early Clinical Experiences for Second-Year Student Pharmacists at an Academic Medical Center.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of engaging second professional year student pharmacists in the medication reconciliation process on hospital and health system pharmacy practice outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Student pharmacists in their second professional year in the Doctor of Pharmacy degree program at our institution were randomly selected from volunteers to participate. Each participant completed training prior to completing three 5-hour evening shifts. Organizational metrics, student pharmacist perception regarding quality of interactions with health care professionals, and pharmacist perceptions were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 83 medication histories were performed on complex medical patients (57.0 ± 19.2 years, 51% female, 65% Caucasian, 12 ± 6 medications); of those, 93% were completed within 24 hours of hospital admission. Second professional student pharmacists completed on average 1.9 ± 0.6 medication histories per shift (range 1-3). Student pharmacists identified 0.9 medication-related problems per patient in collaboration with a pharmacist preceptor. Student pharmacists believed the quality of their interactions with health care professionals in the Student Medication and Reconciliation Team (SMART) program was good or excellent. The program has been well received by clinical pharmacists involved in its design and implementation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence that second professional year student pharmacists can assist pharmacy departments in the care of medically complex patients upon hospital admission.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.|2 Department of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Pinelli
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Jacqueline E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.affiliation: 3 Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Sheh-Li
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Luter
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arnall
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Shayna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: 3 Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Mary T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Philip T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.affiliation: 4 Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Dennis M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.|2 Department of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsey B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Amerine
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D004512:Education, Pharmacy / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D059065:Medication Reconciliation; D024382:Professional Role; D013339:Students, Pharmacy
keywords: care transition; medication history; medication reconciliation; pharmacy; student pharmacist