title: Fibromyalgia and its clinical relevance in renal transplant recipients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent evidence suggests that fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is associated with inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of FS in renal transplant recipients and to identify possible links between FS and clinical and laboratory parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-nine kidney transplant recipients with normal graft functions (37.15 ± 10.83 years old, 67 male) were enrolled in the study. All subjects completed the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). The biochemical and clinical parameters in the 1st post-transplantation year were retrospectively recorded. Cardiovascular parameters, including body composition analyses (Tanita), ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data, and pulse-wave velocity, were cross-sectionally analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean FIQ score for the whole group was 21.4 ± 14.7. Eight patients had FIQ score >50, and these patients had significantly higher left ventricular mass index than patients with lower FIQ score (P = .048). Patients were divided according to their physical impairment score (PIS): PIS ≥5 (n = 50) and PIS <5 (n = 49). Patients with higher PIS had significantly higher serum creatinine (P = .047) and lower eGFR values (P = .008) than patients with lower PIS. Patients were also evaluated with the use of the stiffness score (SS): patients with (n = 41) and without (n = 58) stiffness. Patients with stiffness had significantly higher office systolic (P = .027) and diastolic (P = .044) blood pressure, body mass index (P = .033), and sagittal abdominal diameter (P = .05) than patients without stiffness. Decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate levels were significantly higher in patients with higher FIQ (7.6% vs 9.4%; P = .0001) than in other patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FS in renal transplant recipients was strongly associated with hypertension, arterial stiffness, obesity, and renal allograft dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: mehtap94@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erkmen Uyar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sezer
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bal
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Guliyev
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tutal
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Genctoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kulah
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozdemir Acar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of General Surgery, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haberal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology