title: A conceptual framework for dynamic extension of the red clearance interval as a countermeasure for red-light-running.
abstract: This manuscript describes the development and evaluation of a conceptual framework for real-time operation of dynamic on-demand extension of the red clearance interval as a countermeasure for red-light-running. The framework includes a decision process for determining, based on the real-time status of vehicles arriving at the intersection, when extension of the red clearance interval should occur and the duration of each extension. A zonal classification scheme was devised to assess whether an approaching vehicle requires additional time to safely clear the intersection based on the remaining phase time, type of vehicle, current speed, and current distance from the intersection. Expected performance of the conceptual framework was evaluated through modeling of replicated field operations using vehicular event data collected as part of this research. The results showed highly accurate classification of red-light-running vehicles needing additional clearance time and relatively few false extension calls from stopping vehicles, thereby minimizing the expected impacts to signal and traffic operations. Based on the recommended parameters, extension calls were predicted to occur once every 26.5cycles. Assuming a 90scycle, 1.5 extensions per hour were expected per approach, with an estimated extension time of 2.30s/h. Although field implementation was not performed, it is anticipated that long-term reductions in targeted red-light-running conflicts and crashes will likely occur if red clearance interval extension systems are implemented at locations where start-up delay on the conflicting approach is generally minimal, such as intersections with lag left-turn phasing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, 3546 Engineering, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. Electronic address: tjgates@wayne.edu.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Gates
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1210 Engineering Hall, Madison, WI 53706, USA. Electronic address: noyce@cae.wisc.edu.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Noyce
mesh_terms: D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D003617:Dangerous Behavior; D003654:Deceleration; D003657:Decision Making; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012449:Safety; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Decision zone; Dilemma zone; Interval extension; Red clearance; Red-light hold