title: Background music in the dissection laboratory: impact on stress associated with the dissection experience.
abstract: Notable challenges, such as mental distress, boredom, negative moods, and attitudes, have been associated with learning in the cadaver dissection laboratory (CDL). The ability of background music (BM) to enhance the cognitive abilities of students is well documented. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of BM in the CDL and on stress associated with the dissection experience. After 8 wk of normal dissection without BM, various genres of BM were introduced into the cadaver dissection sessions of 260 medical and dental students for 3 wk. Feedback on the impact of BM on students in the CDL and students' attitude were accessed using a questionnaire. Psychological stress assessment was done using Psychological Stress Measure 9. Two batches of 30 students each were made to dissect same areas of the body for 2 h, one batch with BM playing and the other batch without. The same examination was given to both groups at the end. Over 90% of the participants expressed a desire to incorporate BM into the CDL; 87% of the sampled population that expressed love for music also reported BM to be a very useful tool that could be used to enhance learning conditions in the CDL. A strong positive relationship was established between love for music and its perception as a tool for learning in the CDL (P < 0.001). Students that studied under the influence of BM had significantly higher scores (P < 0.001) in the overall examination result. BM reduced the level of stress associated with the dissection experience by ∼33%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria anyanwugemeks@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Emeka G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Anyanwu
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000715:Anatomy / Q000193:education*; D001293:Attitude to Death; D002102:Cadaver; D003479:Curriculum; D004210:Dissection / Q000523:psychology*; D004497:Education, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D004522:Educational Status; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D009146:Music; D009549:Nigeria; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D013335:Students, Dental / Q000523:psychology*; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Nigeria; anatomy education; dissection; laboratory; learning environment; mental distress