title: The role of MRI in active surveillance for prostate cancer.
abstract: Approximately one in seven American men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime, and at least 50% of newly diagnosed patients will present with low-risk disease. In the last decade, the decision-making paradigm for management has shifted due to high rates of disease detection and overtreatment, attributed to prostate-specific antigen screening, with more men deferring definitive treatment for active surveillance. The advent of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) and MRI/ transrectal ultrasound-guided fusion-guided prostate biopsy has refined the process of diagnosis, identifying patients with clinically-significant cancer and larger disease burden who would most likely benefit from intervention. In parallel, the utilization of MP-MRI in the surveillance of low-grade, low-volume disease is on the rise, reflecting support in a growing body of literature. The aim of this review is to appraise and summarize the data evaluating the role of magnetic resonance imaging in active surveillance for prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MSC 1210, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1210, USA.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fascelli
authors.forename: Arvin K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frye
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Turkbey
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Choyke
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Pinto
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D018579:Patient Selection; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen