title: The protective effect of losartan on diabetic neuropathy in a diabetic rat model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Involvement of the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems is possibly the most frequent complication of diabetes. Important risk factors included hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and smoking. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACE) inhibitors should be beneficial in all vascular beds, including neuropathy and retinopathy. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan on diabetic neuropathy in a diabetic rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 male, Sprague Dawley albino mature rats were divided into 3 groups; (1) control group: No drug was administered to the remainder of rats which blood glucose levels were under 120 mg/dl, (2) diabetic control: rats were given no medication, but 4 ml per day of tap water was given by oral gavage, (3) losartan groups: rats were given 10 mg/kg/day oral of losartan for 4 weeks. Electromyography (EMG) was applied to anesthetized rats at the end of 4(th) weekend. Then, the animals were euthanized and sciatic nerve was performed for histopathological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) amplitude of diabetic rats receiving the Saline in the EMG was significantly reduced when compared to the control group. Distal latency value and CMAP duration of diabetic rats receiving the saline were meaningfully increased when compared to the control group. CMAP amplitude and CMAP duration of diabetic rats receiving the Losartan treatment in the EMG were meaningfully reduced when compared to diabetic rats receiving the Saline.Perineural thickness in the rats receiving the Losartan treatment was found to be significantly reduced when compared to the group receiving the Saline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a result, it has been shown in this study that perineural thickness of the Losartan treatment was significantly reduced when compared to saline receiving group, significantly increased the immunoexpression of NGF, and also provided a significantly recovery in EMG when compared to Saline receiving group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cavusoglu
authors.affiliation: Departmen of Pathology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karadeniz
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, GATA Haydarpasa Teaching Hospital, Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cagiltay
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Sifa University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karadeniz
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yigitturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Acikgoz
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uyanikgil
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ates
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Tuglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erbas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019808:Losartan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D019808:Losartan