title: Egg ovotransferrin-derived ACE inhibitory peptide IRW increases ACE2 but decreases proinflammatory genes expression in mesenteric artery of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: METHODS
  Egg ovotransferrin-derived angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide IRW was previously shown to reduce blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats through reduced vascular inflammation and increased nitric oxide-mediated vasorelaxation. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of this peptide through transcriptome analysis by RNAseq technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total RNA was extracted from kidney and mesenteric arteries; the RNAseq libraries (from untreated and IRW-treated groups) were constructed and subjected to sequence using HiSeq 2000 system (Illumina) system. A total of 12 764 and 13 352 genes were detected in kidney and mesenteric arteries, respectively. The differentially expressed (DE) genes between untreated and IRW-treated groups were identified and the functional analysis through ingenuity pathway analysis revealed a greater role of DE genes identified from mesenteric arteries than that of kidney in modulating various cardiovascular functions. Subsequent qPCR analysis further confirmed that IRW significantly increased the expression of ACE-2, ABCB-1, IRF-8, and CDH-1 while significantly decreased the expression ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in mesenteric arteries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our research showed for the first time that ACE inhibitory peptide IRW could contribute to its antihypertensive activity through increased ACE2 and decreased proinflammatory genes expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.|Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Kaustav
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Majumder
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Guanxiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: LeLuo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.|Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.|Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Sandra T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Davidge
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.|Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D064200:Cdh1 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003207:Conalbumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000099185:Interferon Regulatory Factor-8
chemical_list: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D064200:Cdh1 Proteins; D003207:Conalbumin; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors; D010455:Peptides; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D000099185:Interferon Regulatory Factor-8; C095122:multidrug resistance protein 3; C000705329:Ace2 protein, rat
keywords: ACE-2; Bioactive peptides; Hypertension; RNAseq; SHR