title: Treatment of peri-implantitis: clinical outcome of chloramine as an adjunctive to non-surgical therapy, a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the adjunctive clinical effects of a chloramine to non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen individuals diagnosed with peri-implantitis (clinical signs of inflammation and progressive bone loss) on at least two implants were included. Clinical variables; plaque accumulation (Pl), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BoP), were recorded at baseline and at 3-month follow-up. Primary clinical efficacy variable was the change in the number of sites with BoP. The implants were randomized into two different treatment groups: test and control. Both implants received supra- and submucosal debridement by ultrasonic instrumentation supplemented with hand instruments. The implants assigned to the test group first received local applications of a chloramine gel (Perisolv™; RLS Global AB, Gothenburg, Sweden) followed by mechanical instrumentation. The oral hygiene was checked at 6 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 3 months, implants of both groups showed statistically significant reduction (P < 0.001) in the number of BoP-positive sites compared with baseline. The reduction of BoP-positive sites in the test group changed from 0.97 (SD ± 0.12) to 0.38 (SD ± 0.46), and in the control group from 0.97 (SD ± 0.12) to 0.31 (SD ± 0.42). Between-group comparisons revealed no statistically significant differences at baseline and after 3 months, for BoP or any of the other variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present randomized clinical trial of peri-implantitis therapy; non-surgical mechanical debridement with adjunctive use of a chloramine is equally effective in the reduction of mucosal inflammation as conventional non-surgical mechanical debridement up to 3 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Health Service, Kristianstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ann-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Roos-Jansåker
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulrica S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Almhöjd
authors.affiliation: Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, Oslo, Norway.|Department of Periodontology, Centre for Oral Health Sciences, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.|Center for Oral Health, Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jansson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002700:Chloramines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000628:therapy*; D057747:Periodontal Debridement / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002700:Chloramines; C030816:chloramine
keywords: chloramine; non-surgical therapy; peri-implantitis; surface decontamination