title: Ovarian and cervical cancer patient derived xenografts: The past, present, and future.
abstract: Preclinical research in gynecologic malignancies has largely relied upon cloned cancer-derived cell lines and tumor xenografts derived from these cell lines. Unfortunately, the use of cell lines for translational research has disadvantages because genetic and phenotypic alterations from serial passaging have resulted in expression profiles that are different from the original patient tumors. The patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model derived from human tumor not previously cultured has shown better representation of the heterogeneity of gynecologic malignancies and the human tumor microenvironment with preservation of cytogenetics, cellular complexity, and vascular and stromal tumor architecture. Studies have shown promise with these models to analyze tumor development and adaptation, test drug efficacy, and predict clinical outcomes. Their ultimate value may be seen with preclinical drug screening including novel targeted therapies, biomarker identification, and the development of individualized treatment plans. This article reviews PDX model development, current studies testing chemotherapeutics and targeted therapies, and limitations of the PDX model in gynecologic malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States. Electronic address: jboone@uabmc.edu.
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Boone
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, United States.
authors.forename: Zachary C
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Dobbin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Straughn
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Buchsbaum
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D064593:Heterografts / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
keywords: PDX models; Personalized cancer treatment; Tumorigenesis