title: Proteome of Soybean Seed Exudates Contains Plant Defense-Related Proteins Active against the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita.
abstract: Several studies have described the effects of seed exudates against microorganisms, but only few of them have investigated the proteins that have defensive activity particularly against nematode parasites. This study focused on the proteins released in the exudates of soybean seeds and evaluated their nematicidal properties against Meloidogyne incognita. A proteomic approach indicated the existence of 63 exuded proteins, including β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, lectin, trypsin inhibitor, and lipoxygenase, all of which are related to plant defense. The presence of some of these proteins was confirmed by their in vitro activity. The soybean exudates were able to reduce the hatching of nematode eggs and to cause 100% mortality of second-stage juveniles (J2). The pretreatment of J2 with these exudates resulted in a 90% reduction of the gall number in tobacco plants. These findings suggest that the exuded proteins are directly involved in plant defense against soil pathogens, including nematodes, during seed germination.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raquel O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janne K S
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose T A
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hermogenes D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniele O B
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: ‡FANOR Faculty, Devry Brasil, 60191-156 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo A
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: §School of Pharmacy, University of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Frederico B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: §School of Pharmacy, University of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina O
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Monteiro-Moreira
authors.affiliation: ∥Plant-Pest Interaction Laboratory, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, 70770-900 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Dijair Antonino
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: de Souza Júnior
authors.affiliation: ∥Plant-Pest Interaction Laboratory, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, 70770-900 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria F Grossi
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: de Sá
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ilka M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D053147:Plant Exudates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D020543:Proteome / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D053147:Plant Exudates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D020543:Proteome
keywords: Glycine max; Meloidogyne; defense proteins; exudation; seed proteins; soil pathogen