title: Effect of dietary ascorbic Acid on osteogenesis of expanding midpalatal suture in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  After maxillary expansion, a long period of retention is necessary to prevent early relapse. Therefore, it is beneficial to accelerate bone formation in the expanding midpalatal suture to reduce relapse. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of dietary vitamin C on osteogenesis of rat midpalatal suture during expansion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, each with a control and an experimental subgroup. An open-loop spring was bonded to maxillary incisors of each animal to expand the premaxillary suture. Experimental groups received dietary vitamin C in their water. The rats in the three groups were sacrificed at three, nine or 17-day intervals after bonding the spring. Then, the premaxilla was dissected and sections were made and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and osteopontin marker. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts were counted in the suture. Two-way ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney-U test were used for analyzing the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After three days, the number of osteoblasts was significantly higher in the vitamin C group but after nine days it was significantly higher in the control group and after seventeen days there were no significant differences between the groups. Osteoclast counts were not significantly different between vitamin C and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin C had a positive effect on osteogenesis at the beginning of bone formation in the expanding suture, but after nine days it had a negative effect on suture osteogenesis in rats.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Farhadian
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Amirfarhang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miresmaeili
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azar
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Massoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zargaran
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Modeling of Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moghimbeigi
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Sanaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soheilifar
keywords: Ascorbic acid; Osteoblast; Osteoclast; Osteogenesis