title: Do patients want doctors to talk about spirituality? A systematic literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this systematic literature review was to ascertain the patient perspective regarding the role of the doctor in the discussion of spirituality.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic search in ten databases from inception to January 2015. Eligible papers reported on original research including patient reports of discussion of spirituality in a medical consultation. Papers were separated into qualitative and quantitative for the purposes of analysis and quality appraisal with QualSyst. Papers were merged for the final synthesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  54 studies comprising 12,327 patients were included. In the majority of studies over half the sample thought it was appropriate for the doctor to enquire about spiritual needs in at least some circumstances (range 2.1-100%, median 70.5%), but patient preferences were not straightforward.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While a majority of patients express interest in discussion of religion and spirituality in medical consultations, there is a mismatch in perception between patients and doctors regarding what constitutes this discussion and therefore whether it has taken place.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review demonstrated that many patients have a strong interest in discussing spirituality in the medical consultation. Doctors should endeavor to identify which patients would welcome such conversations.
authors.affiliation: The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia; Greenwich Hospital Palliative Care Service, Greenwich NSW 2065 Australia. Electronic address: megan.best@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Best
authors.affiliation: PoCoG, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia.
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Butow
authors.affiliation: University of South Australia, PO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001 Australia.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Olver
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D057240:Patient Preference; D010819:Physician's Role; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D029181:Spirituality
keywords: Doctor–patient communication; Physician–patient communication; Religion; Review; Spiritual care; Spirituality