title: Gene profile of soluble growth factors involved in angiogenesis, in an adipose-derived stromal cell/endothelial cell co-culture, 3D gel model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate gene expressions of growth factors for angiogenesis, in a three-dimensional (3D) gel populated with adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) in co-culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 3D gel, mixed with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive ASCs and DsRed-Express-positive ECs, 1:1 ratio, was established in vitro. The phenomenon of angiogenesis was observed using confocal microscopy. To detect gene expressions for growth factor proteins in both ASCs and ECs, transwell co-culture was used, and cell lysate samples were collected at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to quantify mRNA expressions of the growth factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Angiogenesis was first observed in the gels by 7 days post-implantation. Over this time in ECs, genes coding for VEGFA/B, IGF-1, HIF-1α, FGF-1/-2 and BMP-5/-7 significantly increased. Meanwhile in ASCs, genes coding for VEGFA/B, IGF-1, HIF-1α, FGF-1/-2 and BMP-6 also were significantly enhanced. In particular, increased amounts of IGF-1 and HIF-1α in both ECs and ASCs were prominent relative to other factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contact co-culture with ASCs and ECs at 1:1 ratio, in the 3D gel promoted angiogenesis; non-contact co-culture further confirmed gene expressions for growth factors, VEGFA/B, IGF-1, HIF-1α and FGF-1/-2 in both ASCs and ECs; BMP-5/-7 in ECs and BMP-6 in ASCs were also confirmed. This establishment of growth factor expression seemed to be responsible for enhancement of angiogenesis. This indicates that these factors could be utilized as targets for engineered angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Xiangzhu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Shiyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Shuwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins