title: Corticosteroids and low bone mineral density affect hip cartilage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Quantitative T2 mapping.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this diagnostic study was to quantify the effect of high-dose corticosteroid treatment on hip joint cartilage degeneration in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with and without osteonecrosis, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  T2 mapping, with a 3.0 Tesla Discovery MR750 (GE Healthcare) MRI scanner, was performed in 12 volunteers without hip pathology (control group, 12 hips), in 11 patients with SLE without osteonecrosis, who were receiving corticosteroid therapy (corticosteroid-ON group, 17 hips), and in 15 patients with SLE receiving corticosteroids, who had noncollapsed and asymptomatic osteonecrosis (corticosteroid+ON group, 26 hips). The distribution of T2 values in the femoral head and acetabular cartilage were compared among the three groups. Step-wise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the prognostic factors for T2 values indicative of femoral head cartilage degeneration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean T2 values of femoral head cartilage were significantly higher in the corticosteroid-ON (40.3 ms) and corticosteroid+ON (35.2 ms) groups than in the control group (30.1 ms, P = 0.001). T2 values of acetabular cartilage were significantly higher in the corticosteroid-ON group (41.8 ms) versus the control (33.4 ms) and the corticosteroid+ON groups (37.0 ms; P = 0.001). Low bone mineral density was a significant prognostic factor for high T2 values of cartilage at the femoral head in patients treated with corticosteroids, regardless of whether they had osteonecrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T2 mapping suggests that corticosteroid therapy and osteoporosis are independent risk factors for cartilage degeneration at the femoral head in patients with SLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Okayamadai, Togane City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtori
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omae
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Sumihisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orita
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000328:Adult; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones
keywords: T2 mapping; corticosteroid; hip cartilage; osteoporosis; systemic lupus erythematosus