title: GC3-biased gene domains in mammalian genomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Synonymous codon usage bias has been shown to be correlated with many genomic features among different organisms. However, the biological significance of codon bias with respect to gene function and genome organization remains unclear.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Guanine and cytosine content at the third codon position (GC3) could be used as a good indicator of codon bias. Here, we used relative GC3 bias values to compare the strength of GC3 bias of genes in human and mouse. We reported, for the first time, that GC3-rich and GC3-poor gene products might have distinct sub-cellular spatial distributions. Moreover, we extended the view of genomic gene domains and identified conserved GC3 biased gene domains along chromosomes. Our results indicated that similar GC3 biased genes might be co-translated in specific spatial regions to share local translational machineries, and that GC3 could be involved in the organization of genome architecture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Source code is available upon request from the authors.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  zhaozh@nic.bmi.ac.cn or zany1983@gmail.com
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
authors.forename: Wenlong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China and.
authors.forename: Bingyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
authors.forename: Minglei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
authors.forename: Zhihu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001482:Base Composition / Q000235:genetics*; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D005796:Genes; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003062:Codon