title: Expression of FHIT, p16, p53 and EGFR as prognostic markers in thyroid tumors of uncertain malignant potential.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thyroid tumors of uncertain malignant potential (TT-UMP) constitute a relatively new diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between immunohistochemical panels, prognostic parameters and TT-UMP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group I was composed of patients diagnosed as differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and Group II of patients diagnosed as TT-UMP. The prognostic scores of patients were calculated using data according to the well-known prognostic scoring systems MACIS, AMES, AGES. Evaluations of antibodies were based on the presence of nuclear staining for p16 and p53, membranous and cytoplasmic staining for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cytoplasmic staining for fragile histidine triad (FHIT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant difference was noted (p< 0.05) between Group I and Group II according to MACIS and AMES. No statistical difference was found in terms of immunostaining between groups when stained with p16, p53 and FHIT. On the other hand, in Group II a moderate positive correlation was detected between MACIS and EGFR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to our findings p53 was not important in tumor genesis at early stages in well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas and p16 loss of expression could be used as a finding to help in difficult microscopic diagnosis. TT-UMP is a gray zone of lesions requiring specific therapeutic procedures and postoperative follow-up. A positive correlation was detected between EGFR and TT-UMP, leading to assume that this situation could be used as a new tool in the follow-up of these patients in the future.
authors.affiliation: Cumhuriyet University, School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Imaret Koyu, Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koc
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aktimur
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kagan Gokakin
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atabey
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koyuncu
authors.forename: Sahende
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elagoz
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Topcu
mesh_terms: D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*; D000099170:Bis(5'-adenosyl)triphosphatase
chemical_list: D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases; D015415:Biomarkers; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000099170:Bis(5'-adenosyl)triphosphatase; C000614131:CDKN2A protein, human