title: Simkania negevensis and acute cellular rejection in lung transplant recipients.
abstract: Simkania negevensis infection has been hypothesized to play a role in lung transplant rejection. The incidence of S. negevensis infection and its association with acute cellular rejection (ACR) were determined in a prospective cohort study of 78 lung transplant recipients (LTRs) in Toronto, Canada, and Pittsburgh, USA, from July 2007 to January 2010. Simkania negevensis testing was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The relationship between S. negevensis and ACR was examined using Cox proportional hazards models and generalized linear and latent mixed models. Cumulative incidence estimates for time-to-ACR in S. negevensis PCR-positive vs. PCR-negative LTRs were 52.7% vs. 31.1% at six months and 68.9% vs. 44.6% at one yr, respectively. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend toward a higher risk of ACR among S. negevensis PCR-positive vs. PCR-negative LTRs in all statistical models.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Alainna J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jamal
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Mariangela R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Taisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Prochnow
authors.affiliation: Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: McGilvray
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pilewski
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Maria M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Crespo
authors.affiliation: Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Lianne G
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2693-8676
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: McCurry
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Jay K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kolls
authors.affiliation: Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Shaf
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keshavjee
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Research Institute, McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, McLaughlin Centre for Molecular Medicine, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.|Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: W Conrad
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Liles
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Shahid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Husain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002695:Chlamydiales / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006085:Graft Survival; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D066027:Transplant Recipients; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: Simkania negevensis; acute cellular rejection; lung transplantation