title: Tomographic Evaluation of Reparative Dentin Formation after Direct Pulp Capping with Ca(OH)2, MTA, Biodentine, and Dentin Bonding System in Human Teeth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  New materials can increase the efficiency of pulp capping through the formation of a complete reparative dentin bridge with no toxic effects. The present study involved tomographic evaluations of reparative dentin bridge formation after direct pulp capping with calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fossés, France), and Single Bond Universal (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) in human teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four caries-free, intact, human third molars scheduled for extraction were subjected to mechanical pulp exposure and assigned to 1 of 4 experimental groups depending on the pulp capping agent used: calcium hydroxide, MTA, Biodentine, or Single Bond Universal. After 6 weeks, the teeth were extracted and processed for cone-beam computed tomographic imaging and histologic examination. Tomographic data, including the density and volume of formed reparative dentin bridges, were evaluated using a scoring system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reparative dentin formed in the calcium hydroxide, MTA, and Biodentine groups was significantly superior to that formed in the Single Bond Universal group in terms of thickness and volume. The dentin bridges in the Biodentine group showed the highest average and maximum volumes. The mean density of dentin bridges was the highest in the MTA group and the lowest in the Single Bond Universal group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The volume of reparative dentin bridges formed after direct pulp capping is dependent on the material used. Biodentine and MTA resulted in the formation of bridges with a significantly higher average volume compared with Single Bond Universal, and cone-beam computed tomographic imaging allowed for the identification of the location of dentin bridges.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. Electronic address: nowicka6@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nowicka
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Dental Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilk
authors.affiliation: Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lipski
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Dental Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kołecki
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Jadwiga
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buczkowska-Radlińska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D003785:Dental Pulp Capping / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010087:Oxides; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents; D017640:Silicates; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C506393:tricalcium silicate; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide
keywords: Biodentine; Single Bond Universal; calcium hydroxide; cone-beam computed tomographic imaging; direct pulp capping; mineral trioxide aggregate