title: The role of brain somatostatin receptor 2 in the regulation of feeding and drinking behavior.
abstract: Somatostatin was discovered four decades ago as hypothalamic factor inhibiting growth hormone release. Subsequently, somatostatin was found to be widely distributed throughout the brain and to exert pleiotropic actions via interaction with five somatostatin receptors (sst1-5) that are also widely expressed throughout the brain. Interestingly, in contrast to the predominantly inhibitory actions of peripheral somatostatin, the activation of brain sst2 signaling by intracerebroventricular injection of stable somatostatin agonists potently stimulates food intake and independently, drinking behavior in rodents. The orexigenic response involves downstream orexin-1, neuropeptide Y1 and μ receptor signaling while the dipsogenic effect is mediated through the activation of the brain angiotensin 1 receptor. Brain sst2 activation is part of mechanisms underlying the stimulation of feeding and more prominently water intake in the dark phase and is able to counteract the anorexic response to visceral stressors.
authors.affiliation: Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Division of General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stengel
authors.affiliation: CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Digestive Diseases Division at the University of California Los Angeles, and VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, CA 90073, USA.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karasawa
authors.affiliation: CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Digestive Diseases Division at the University of California Los Angeles, and VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, CA 90073, USA. Electronic address: ytache@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taché
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D004326:Drinking / Q000235:genetics; D004327:Drinking Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012377:Rodentia; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin; D013004:Somatostatin; C093733:somatostatin receptor 2
keywords: Body weight; Brain-gut axis; Food intake; Hypothalamus; Satiation; Satiety; Somatostatin receptor; Stress; Water intake