title: Neuropsychological Correlates of Brain Perfusion SPECT in Patients with Macrophagic Myofasciitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant-induced macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) complain of arthromyalgias, chronic fatigue and cognitive deficits. This study aimed to characterize brain perfusion in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brain perfusion SPECT was performed in 76 consecutive patients (aged 49±10 y) followed in the Garches-Necker-Mondor-Hendaye reference center for rare neuromuscular diseases. Images were acquired 30 min after intravenous injection of 925 MBq 99mTc-ethylcysteinate dimer (ECD) at rest. All patients also underwent a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests, within 1.3±5.5 mo from SPECT. Statistical parametric maps (SPM12) were obtained for each test using linear regressions between each performance score and brain perfusion, with adjustment for age, sex, socio-cultural level and time delay between brain SPECT and neuropsychological testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SPM analysis revealed positive correlation between neuropsychological scores (mostly exploring executive functions) and brain perfusion in the posterior associative cortex, including cuneus/precuneus/occipital lingual areas, the periventricular white matter/corpus callosum, and the cerebellum, while negative correlation was found with amygdalo-hippocampal/entorhinal complexes. A positive correlation was also observed between brain perfusion and the posterior associative cortex when the time elapsed since last vaccine injection was investigated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brain perfusion SPECT showed a pattern of cortical and subcortical changes in accordance with the MMF-associated cognitive disorder previously described. These results provide a neurobiological substrate for brain dysfunction in aluminum hydroxide adjuvant-induced MMF patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Der Gucht
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoun Sebaiti
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Itti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France; Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, F-94010, France; INSERM U955-Team 10, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Jessie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aouizerate
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chalaye
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France; Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, F-94010, France; INSERM U955-Team 10, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Romain K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Gherardi
authors.affiliation: Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, F-94010, France; INSERM U955-Team 10, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Nilusha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ragunathan-Thangarajah
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France; INSERM U955-Team 1, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Catherine
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bachoud-Levi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris/Paris-Est University, Créteil, F-94010, France; Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, H. Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, F-94010, France; INSERM U955-Team 10, Créteil, F-94010, France.
authors.forename: François-Jérôme
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Authier
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003071:Cognition; D005208:Fasciitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009220:Myositis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D055420:Perfusion Imaging; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon