title: Increased circulating macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels are associated with coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the macrophage migration inhibitory factor and E-selectin levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the plasma migration inhibitory factor and E-selectin levels in 87 patients who presented with chest pain at our hospital. The patients were classified into two groups according to their cardiac status. Sixty-five patients had acute myocardial infarction, and 22 patients had non-cardiac chest pain (non-coronary disease). We designated the latter group of patients as the control group. The patients who presented with acute myocardial infarction were further divided into two subgroups: ST-elevated myocardial infarction (n = 30) and non-ST elevated myocardial infarction (n = 35).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found higher plasma migration inhibitory factor levels in both acute myocardial infarction subgroups than in the control group. However, the E-selectin levels were similar between the acute myocardial infarction and control patients. In addition, we did not find a significant difference in the plasma migration inhibitory factor levels between the ST elevated myocardial infarction and NST-elevated myocardial infarction subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The circulating concentrations of migration inhibitory factor were significantly increased in acute myocardial infarction patients, whereas the soluble E-selectin levels were similar between acute myocardial infarction patients and control subjects. Our results suggest that migration inhibitory factor may play a role in the atherosclerotic process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yüksel
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergy and Immunology, Katip Çelebi University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bilgir
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oktay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bilgir
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Giray
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bozkaya
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019040:E-Selectin; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D002097:C-Reactive Protein