title: Suppression of the swallowing reflex by stimulation of the red nucleus.
abstract: We study whether the red nucleus is involved in control of swallowing. The swallowing reflex was induced in anesthetized rats by repetitive electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve. The electromyographic activities of the mylohyoid and thyrohyoid muscles were recorded in order to identify the swallowing reflex. Repetitive electrical stimulation applied to the red nucleus reduced the number of swallows. The onset latency of the first swallow was increased during repetitive electrical stimulation applied to the magnocellular part of the red nucleus. Microinjection of monosodium glutamate into the red nucleus also reduced the number of swallows. The onset latency of the first swallow was increased after microinjection of monosodium glutamate into the magnocellular part of the red nucleus. These results imply that the red nucleus is involved in the control of swallowing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8580 Japan. Electronic address: ysatoh@ngt.ndu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514 Japan.
authors.forename: Kojun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514 Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsujimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8580 Japan.
authors.forename: Ken'Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514 Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003679:Deglutition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004576:Electromyography; D018683:Excitatory Amino Acid Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D007823:Laryngeal Nerves / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012012:Red Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018683:Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; D018698:Glutamic Acid
keywords: Electrical stimulation; Glutamate; Red nucleus magnocellular part; Red nucleus parvicelluar part; Superior laryngeal nerve; Swallowing