title: Nurses' experiences of humour in clinical settings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Providing holistic nursing care when there is a shortage of personnel and equipment exposes nurses to stress and a higher risk of occupational burnout. Humour can promote nurses' health and influence nursing care. The aim of this study was to describe nurses' experiences of humour in clinical settings and factors affecting it.
  
  
  METHODS
  This qualitative study investigated nurses' experiences of humour. Five hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences provided the setting for this study. The participants comprised of 17 nurses with master's and Baccalaureate degrees (BSN) in nursing. These nurses worked at educational hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences and had minimum work experience of 12 months in various clinical wards. Nurses from all wards were invited to participate in this study. The data were collected through semi structure interviews using guides comprising probing questions. Telephonic interviews were used to further supplement the data. The data were analysed using conventional content analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data were classified into five themes including the dynamics of humour, condition enforcement, Risk making probability, Instrumental use and Change: opportunities and threats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding nurses' perceptions and experiences of humour helps identify its contributing factors and provides valuable guidelines for enhancing nurses and patients' mental, emotional and physical health. Spreading a culture of humour through teaching methods can improve workplace cheerfulness and highlights the importance of humour in patient care in nurses and nursing students.
authors.affiliation: MSc, RN, PhD, Assistant Professor in Nursing, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran. ghafarifateme@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghaffari
authors.affiliation: PhD, Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. nahid.nayeri@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nahid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dehghan-Nayeri
authors.affiliation: BS, MSCN, Senior Lecturer, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Mehraneshali@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mahboubeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shali
keywords: Communication; Humour; Interaction; Nursing Care; Qualitative Study