title: [Frontiers in Live Bone Imaging Researches. In vivo imaging of neuron and glia].
abstract: Glial cells originate the Greek word'glue'had traditionally been only thought as supporting cells for neurons. Because glial cells are electrically non-excitable, neuroscience researchers have focused on elucidation of excitable cell properties, neuron. Recent advanced optical methods lead us to observe glial structure, motility and their function in normal physiological conditions. These approaches let us to know that they are not just the supporting cells for neuron but could receive signal from neurons through receptors for neurotransmitters and to regulate neuronal functions, thus modulating behavior phenotype. Such studies also suggest that glial cells are highly dynamic and actively maintain brain homeostasis. Here, we review physiological function of glial cells through a new perspective clarified by innovations of imaging technology including two-photon microscope.
authors.affiliation: Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, NINS, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wake
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D002118:Calcium