title: Morphological and molecular characterization of a sexually reproducing colony of the booklouse Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocodea: Liposcelididae) found in Arizona.
abstract: The booklouse, Liposcelis bostrychophila, is a worldwide pest of stored products. For decades, only thelytokous parthenogenetic reproduction was documented in L. bostrychophila. Male L. bostrychophila were first found in Hawaii in 2002. In 2009, a sexual strain was found in Arizona. We examined the morphology of both males and females of the Arizona strain and compared the Arizona sexual strain with the Hawaii sexual strain and the parthenogenetic strains of L. bostrychophila. The sexual and parthenogenetic strains show some differences in eye morphology. To examine the relationship between sexual and asexual lineages, we sequenced the mitochondrial 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA genes of males and females from the Arizona strain. Phylogenetic analyses of L. bostrychophila individuals revealed that: 1) the sexually reproducing colony found in Arizona contains two closely related mitochondrial DNA haplotypes--one present in only females and the other in both males and females; and 2) the Arizona sexual strain was most closely related to a parthenogenetic strain in Illinois. We detected Rickettsia in all of the parthenogenetic individuals we checked but not in any Arizona sexual individuals. Further evidence is required to establish whether the presence of Rickettsia is linked to asexual reproduction in Liposcelis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kučerová
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of  Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada.
authors.forename: Steve J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Perlman
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Opit
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790/4120, USA.
authors.forename: Edward L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Mockford
authors.affiliation: Kimron Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 12, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel.
authors.forename: Adi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Behar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of  Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada.
authors.forename: Wyatt E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Václav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stejskal
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: GeneCology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4556, Australia.
authors.forename: Renfu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001130:Arizona; D001483:Base Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D007313:Insecta / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010312:Parthenogenesis; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012281:Rickettsia / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C075526:RNA, ribosomal, 12S