title: Attenuated Effects of Deep-Sea Water on Hepatic Apoptosis in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder and increasing evidences have indicated a connection between DM and hepatic abnormality. Deep-sea water (DSW) has been applied in many fields, especially in medicine; herein, we investigated the influence of DSW on hepatic apoptosis in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes rats. Our experimental results firstly demonstrated the beneficial effects of 1×DSW, 2×DSW and 3×DSW in alleviating hepatic apoptosis in STZ-induced diabetic rats. We demonstrated that 1×DSW, 2×DSW and 3×DSW significantly suppressed the caspase-3 activity and TUNEL-positive cells in livers of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Significant reductions of both Fas-dependent and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic molecules were also detected in livers of STZ-induced diabetic rats receiving DSW. Additionally, apoptotic signaling molecules such as phosphorylated IκB-α and NF-κB were significantly reduced in livers of DSW-treated STZ-induced diabetic rats. These findings indicate hepatic protective effects of DSW on DM and suggest DSW as a possible ingredient for health food.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tsai-Ching
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, Chunghua Christian Hospital, Chunghua 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chun-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Function Examine Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hsou-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tseng-Wei
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Jeng
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Yi
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chih-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bor-Show
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Tzang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012623:Seawater; D013311:Streptozocin; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000502:physiology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D019014:fas Receptor; D013311:Streptozocin