title: Foreign Body Abscess Mimicking a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Patient With Neurofibromatosis Type 1.
abstract: We report a case of a 47-year-old man with neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with a growing and painful lesion within the right thigh, suggesting a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. MRI showed a T2-weighted hyperintense lesion with surrounding edema and contrast enhancement. (18)F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated inhomogeneously increased tracer uptake within the right thigh. Histopathologic evaluation revealed a foreign body with purulent fibroinflammatory reaction. (18)F-FDG PET/CT is a highly sensitive tool for detection of malignant transformation in neurofibromatosis type 1, but false-positive findings may be observed in benign lesions, for example, inflammatory processes.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Diagnostic Interventional Radiology, †Institute of Neuropathology, Departments of ‡Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, and §Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salamon
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hagel
authors.forename: Reinhard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.forename: Victor F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Mautner
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Derlin
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019300:Medical Errors; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D018317:Nerve Sheath Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18