title: Esophageal cancer-derived microvesicles induce regulatory B cells.
abstract: The role of B cells in the generation of cancer-immune tolerance is unclear. This study aims to investigate the role of cancer-derived microvesicles (Mvcs) in the generation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β(+) B cells. In this study, esophageal cancer (Eca) cells were isolated from surgically removed cancer tissue. Mvcs were purified from the culture supernatant and characterized by Western blotting. The immune suppression assay was carried out with a cell culture model and flow cytometry. The results showed that Eca-derived Mvcs were LAMP1 positive and carried MMP9. Exposure to the Mvcs induces naive B cells to differentiate into TGF-β-producing regulatory B cells; the latter show immune suppressor functions on CD8(+) T-cell proliferation. In conclusion, Eca-derived Mvc can induce TGF-β(+) B cells; the latter suppress CD8(+) T-cell activities. The MMP9-laden Mvcs may be a new therapeutic target in the treatment of Eca.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shaohong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jinyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Junhang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D060151:B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D019139:Tumor Escape
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D011498:Protein Precursors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C472416:latency-associated propeptide, TGF-beta; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: B lymphocyte; TGF-β; esophagus cancer; extracellular vesicles; immune tolerance; microvesicles