title: Treatment of Middle-up Part Long-segment Femoral Fracture with Long Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the outcomes of treating middle-up part long-segment fractures of the femur by long proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA-long).
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2006 to December 2013, 139 cases (35 women, 104 men; mean age 48.8, range, 18-86 years) of long-segment femoral fracture in middle-up part were treated with long proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA, 320-380 mm) by minimally invasive percutaneous fixation and autogenous iliac bone graft. Fifty-eight cases were graded as type IA long-segment femoral fractures (41.73%), 25 type IB (17.99%), four type IC (2.88%), 28 type II (20.14%), 12 type IIIA (8.63%), five type IIIB (3.60%), and seven type IV (5.04%). Clinical efficacy was evaluated with Harris hip function scores and postoperative pain with visual analogue scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operative time was 35-90 min (mean, 45 min) and mean intraoperative blood loss 78.6 mL (range 30-200 mL). Most patients were walking with assistance 4-10 days postoperatively. All patients were followed up for 3-37 months (mean, 19 months). There were no serious complications. All fractures healed after 2.8-6.8 months (mean, 3.9 months). According to Harris criteria, the clinical results were excellent in 108 patients, good in 22, fair in eight and poor in one. Ninety-three cases had no pain, 33 mild pain, 13 moderate pain and 25 occasionally needed non-steroidal analgesics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Closed reduction or limited open reduction with PFNA-long is an effective treatment for long-segment femoral fracture in middle-up part, with good strength in fixation, high rate of fracture union, early functional recovery and low rate of complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Affilated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yan-bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Affilated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ren-bin
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Affilated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Guo-sheng
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Affilated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Affilated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-ren
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Affilated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xian-gui
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Affilated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yi-yuang
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001858:Bone Nails; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Femoral fracture; Fracture fixation; Internal fixator; Intramedullary