title: Age estimation using lower permanent first molars on a panoramic radiograph: A digital image analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A study was carried out to analyze the efficacy and practical application for age estimation using digital panoramic radiograph to exploit image analysis to obtain metric measurement of morphological parameters of permanent mandibular first molar on Sulaimani population.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study a population of known age and sex was studied and subjected to digital panoramic radiographic examination. The correlation between the reduction of coronal pulp cavity and chronological age was examined in a sample of 96 individuals distributed into four age groups: 20-29 years (29 cases), 30-39 years (29 cases), 40-49 years (26 cases) and 50-59 years (12 cases). The height (mm) of the crown (CH = coronal height) and the height (mm) of coronal pulp cavity (CPCH = coronal pulp cavity height) of 96 of first molars from all subjects was measured. The tooth-coronal index (TCI) after Ikeda et al. was computed for each tooth and regressed on real age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ANOVA was used to show the strength of relation between the age and TCI (P = 0.0000). The correlation coefficient (r(2)) was 0.49, which mean there is strong negative linear regression between age and TCI with the r (2), regarding predicting age using TCI value, after the following equation calculated, Predicted age = 3.78 - (0.064 TCI) showed that there is no significant difference between real age and estimated age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a strong negative liner relationship between TCIs of mandibular first molars with chronological age of Sulaimani population, and age of individuals can therefore be estimated with a good degree of accuracy using regression equations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Faculty of Medical Science, School of Dentistry, Iraq.
authors.forename: Ranjdar M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Talabani
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Prevention, Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Iraq.
authors.forename: Mohammed T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Baban
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Basic Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Faculty of Medical Science, School of Dentistry, Iraq.
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mahmood
keywords: Computer-based image analysis; coronal height; coronal pulp cavity height; forensic dentistry; tooth–coronal index