title: [Association of dietary habits with gestational diabetes mellitus among Cantonese women].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between dietary habits and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Cantonese women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This a cross-sectional study included 571 pregnant women who underwent a 75-g oral glucose challenge test at the 24th to 28th gestational week. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used by three dieticians to evaluate all the subjects' dietary habits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  13% of the investigated subjects were identified to have GDM (GDM⁺). No significant differences were found between the GDM⁺ and GDM⁻ groups in the intake of energy, macronutrients, fibers, or cholesterol. The amount of low- and middle-GI fruits consumed daily in the two groups was not statistically different, but the GDM⁺ subjects reported a significantly greater amount of high-GI fruit intake as well as energy-dense foods than the GDM⁻ subjects (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that increased consumption of energy-dense snack foods and high glycemic-index fruits were strongly associated with the risk of GDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local dietary composition (high-GI fruit and energy-dense foods) is closely related to the risk of GDM in Cantonese women, for whom intensive health education of dietary behavior is needed to control GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetic, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.E-mail: 1620351982@qq.com?
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shunyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Linna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires