title: Pseudomamma of the inguinal region in a female patient: A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Supernumerary breasts are relative common benign congenital anomalies. General population occurrence rates vary up to 6% according to ethnicity and gender. Higher incidence is recorded in Asian individuals, especially Japanese. Embryonic breast development of the mammary ridge (milk line) is explained and supernumerary breast tissue resulting from involution failure of any portion of the embryonic mammary folds is described.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of supernumerary breast (pseudomamma) in a female occupying her right inguinal region that was treated in the breast unit of our hospital. Differential diagnosis, imaging methods, operative approach, surgical treatment and histological verification are specified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Classification system for supernumerary breast tissue is presented, high risk population is identified and congenital malformations linked to it are outlined. Evaluation of diagnostic workup and limitations are stated. Cancerous degeneration and justification for surgical removal of the accessory gland is discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differential diagnosis of lesions along the milk line should always be inclusive of developmental abnormalities such as any type of supernumerary breast, often overlooked due to small size, although carrying a malignant potential equal to normally positioned breasts. Surgical correction is a sensible approach, often encouraged by the patients. Additional evaluation is recommended due to the frequent accompanying urinary tract and cardiac anomalies.
authors.affiliation: Breast Unit, 1(st) Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Athens University Medical School, Alexandra Hospital, Greece. Electronic address: smarinopoulos@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Spyridon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marinopoulos
authors.affiliation: Breast Unit, 1(st) Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Athens University Medical School, Alexandra Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arampatzis
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Athens University Medical School, Alexandra Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zagouri
authors.affiliation: Breast Unit, 1(st) Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Athens University Medical School, Alexandra Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Constantine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dimitrakakis
keywords: Inguinal region; Pseudomamma; Supernumerary breast