title: Attenuation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and blood cortisol level with forced exercise in comparison with diazepam.
abstract: Relieving withdrawal and post-abstinence syndrome of alcoholism is one of the major strategies in the treatment of alcohol addicted patients. Diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, and topiramate are the approved medications that were used for this object. To assess the role of non-pharmacologic therapy in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, we analyzed effects of forced exercise by treadmill on alcohol dependent mice as an animal model. A total of 60 adult male mice were divided into 5 groups, from which 4 groups became dependent to alcohol (2 g/kg/day) for 15 days. From day 16, treatment groups were treated by diazepam (0.5mg/kg), forced exercise, and diazepam (0.5 mg/kg) concurrent with forced exercise for two weeks; And the positive control group received same dose of alcohol (2 g/kg/day) for two weeks. The negative control group received normal saline for four weeks. Finally, on day 31, all animals were observed for withdrawal signs, and Alcohol Total Withdrawal Score (ATWS) was determined. Blood cortisol levels were measured in non-fasting situations as well. Present findings showed that ATWS significantly decrease in all treatment groups in comparison with positive control group (P<0.05 for groups received diazepam and treated by forced exercise and P<0.001 for group under treatment diazepam + forced exercise). Moreover, blood cortisol level significantly decreased in all treatment groups (P<0.001). This study suggested that forced exercise and physical activity can be useful as adjunct therapy in alcoholism and can ameliorate side effects and stress situation of withdrawal syndrome periods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology,School of Medicine,Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran. dr.motaghinejad6@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motaghinejad
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. m-motaghinejad@razi.tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad Yasan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Bangash
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. motaghinejad69@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ozra
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Motaghinejad
mesh_terms: D020751:Alcohol-Induced Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000534:rehabilitation; D000818:Animals; D003975:Diazepam / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D003975:Diazepam; D006854:Hydrocortisone