title: Expression of prostaglandin E2 prostanoid receptor EP2 and interleukin-1β in laryngeal carcinoma - preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Expression of EP2 protein, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor, produced by tumour microenvironment inflammatory cells as well as tumour cells, may promote cellular proliferation and growth in an autocrine and paracrine fashion. The phenomenon involving these proteins is regulated by interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Many researchers indicate a connection of EP2 and IL-1β in various types of neoplasms with higher tumour progression and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to analyse the EP2 expression within laryngeal carcinoma tissue and IL-1β levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cell supernatants and to find relationships between clinicomorphological features.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of 50 patients with verified squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma was analysed in this study. The pathological evaluation included pTNM depth of invasion according to tumour front grading criteria. Immunohistochemical analysis for membranous staining of EP2 in tumour tissues was used. The IL-1β expression was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increased EP2 expression in carcinoma cells was confirmed for more advanced tumours (pT3-pT4 vs. pT1-pT2, p < 0.0001 and pN1-3 vs. pN0, p = 0.02). Tumours with the highest aggressiveness identified by deeper invasion of submucosa or cartilage were characterised by the highest expression of EP2 (p < 0.0001). In laryngeal carcinomas characterised by a lower differentiation the highest EP2 expression in tumour cells was noted (p = 0.009). A positive relationship between IL-1β expression and the presence of lymph node metastases was also confirmed (p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study indicates the potential effect of EP2 receptor and IL-1β on tumour progression in laryngeal carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Zeromski Specialist Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mochocki
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Zeromski Specialist Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morawski
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Zeromski Specialist Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kopta
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brzezińska-Błaszczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stasikowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lewy-Trenda
authors.affiliation: I Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Starska
keywords: PGE2 prostanoid receptor EP2; depth of invasion; laryngeal carcinoma