title: Whole-body FDG PET-MR oncologic imaging: pitfalls in clinical interpretation related to inaccurate MR-based attenuation correction.
abstract: Simultaneous data collection for positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) is now a reality. While the full benefits of concurrently acquiring PET and MR data and the potential added clinical value are still being evaluated, initial studies have identified several important potential pitfalls in the interpretation of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/MRI in oncologic whole-body imaging, the majority of which being related to the errors in the attenuation maps created from the MR data. The purpose of this article was to present such pitfalls and artifacts using case examples, describe their etiology, and discuss strategies to overcome them. Using a case-based approach, we will illustrate artifacts related to (1) Inaccurate bone tissue segmentation; (2) Inaccurate air cavities segmentation; (3) Motion-induced misregistration; (4) RF coils in the PET field of view; (5) B0 field inhomogeneity; (6) B1 field inhomogeneity; (7) Metallic implants; (8) MR contrast agents.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Attenberger
authors.forename: Ciprian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Catana
authors.forename: Hersh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chandarana
authors.forename: Onofrio A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: Kent
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Stefan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Schonberg
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thrall
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.forename: Bruce R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Alexander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Guimaraes
mesh_terms: D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D051598:Whole Body Imaging
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18