title: MicroRNA delivery for regenerative medicine.
abstract: MicroRNA (miRNA) directs post-transcriptional regulation of a network of genes by targeting mRNA. Although relatively recent in development, many miRNAs direct differentiation of various stem cells including induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), a major player in regenerative medicine. An effective and safe delivery of miRNA holds the key to translating miRNA technologies. Both viral and nonviral delivery systems have seen success in miRNA delivery, and each approach possesses advantages and disadvantages. A number of studies have demonstrated success in augmenting osteogenesis, improving cardiogenesis, and reducing fibrosis among many other tissue engineering applications. A scaffold-based approach with the possibility of local and sustained delivery of miRNA is particularly attractive since the physical cues provided by the scaffold may synergize with the biochemical cues induced by miRNA therapy. Herein, we first briefly cover the application of miRNA to direct stem cell fate via replacement and inhibition therapies, followed by the discussion of the promising viral and nonviral delivery systems. Next we present the unique advantages of a scaffold-based delivery in achieving lineage-specific differentiation and tissue development.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025, United States. Electronic address: kam.leong@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Kam W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Leong
mesh_terms: D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000502:physiology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: MicroRNA; Non-viral vector; Regenerative medicine; Scaffold; Stem cells; Tissue engineering; Viral vector