title: Clinical and electrophysiological evaluation of pediatric Wolff-Parkinson-White patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome presents with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and is characterized by electrocardiographic (ECG) findings of a short PR interval and a delta wave. The objective of this study was to evaluate the electrophysiological properties of children with WPW syndrome and to develop an algorithm for the management of these patients with limited access to electrophysiological study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of all pediatric patients who underwent electrophysiological evaluation for WPW syndrome was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred nine patients underwent electrophysiological evaluation at a single tertiary center between 1997 and 2011. The median age of the patients was 11 years (0.1-18). Of the 109 patients, 82 presented with tachycardia (median age 11 (0.1-18) years), and 14 presented with syncope (median age 12 (6-16) years); 13 were asymptomatic (median age 10 (2-13) years). Induced AF degenerated to ventricular fibrillation (VF) in 2 patients. Of the 2 patients with VF, 1 was asymptomatic and the other had syncope; the accessory pathway effective refractory period was ≤180 ms in both. An intracardiac electrophysiological study was performed in 92 patients, and ablation was not attempted for risk of atrioventricular block in 8 (8.6%). The success and recurrence rate of ablation were 90.5% and 23.8% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The induction of VF in 2 of 109 patients in our study suggests that the prognosis of WPW in children is not as benign as once thought. All patients with a WPW pattern on the ECG should be assessed electrophysiologically and risk-stratified. Ablation of patients with risk factors can prevent sudden death in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Adana Numune Teaching and Research Hospital; Adana-Turkey. isilyildirim93@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Işıl
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yıldırım
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Özer
authors.forename: Tevfik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karagöz
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Şahin
authors.forename: Süheyla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Özkutlu
authors.forename: Dursun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alehan
authors.forename: Alpay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Çeliker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003663:Decision Trees; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013617:Tachycardia, Supraventricular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D014927:Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology