title: Variables associated with the risk of early death after liver transplantation at a liver transplant unit in a university hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Graft dysfunction after liver transplantation is a serious complication that can lead to graft loss and patient death. This was a study to identify risk factors for early death (up to 30 days after transplantation).
  
  
  METHODS
  It was an observational and retrospective analysis at the Liver Transplantation Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, State University of Campinas, Brazil. From July 1994 to December 2012, 302 patients were included (>18 years old, piggyback technique). Of these cases, 26% died within 30 days. For analysis, Student t tests and chi-square were used to analyze receptor-related (age, body mass index, serum sodium, graft dysfunction, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, renal function, and early graft dysfunction [EGD type 1, 2, or 3]), surgery (hot and cold ischemia, surgical time, and units of packed erythrocytes [pRBC]), and donor (age, hypotension, and brain death cause) factors. Risk factors were identified by means of logistic regression model adjusted by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test with significance set at P < .05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that hyponatremic recipients had a 6.26-fold higher risk for early death. There was a 9% reduced chance of death when the recipient serum sodium increased 1 unit. The chance of EGD3 to have early death was 18-fold higher than for EGD1 and there was a 13% increased risk for death for each unit of pRBC transfused.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Donor total bilirubin, hyponatremia, massive transfusion, and EGD3 in the allocation graft should be observed for better results in the postoperative period.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Unit of Liver Transplantation, Hospital de Clínicas, State University of Campina, Campinas, Brazil.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Stucchi
authors.affiliation: Unit of Liver Transplantation, Hospital de Clínicas, State University of Campina, Campinas, Brazil.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: de Ataíde
authors.affiliation: Unit of Liver Transplantation, Hospital de Clínicas, State University of Campina, Campinas, Brazil. Electronic address: ilkaboin@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: I F S F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Boin
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002423:Cause of Death / Q000639:trends; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D058625:End Stage Liver Disease / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D014019:Tissue Donors