title: Factors involved in the collaboration between the national comprehensive cancer control programs and tobacco control programs: a qualitative study of 6 States, United States, 2012.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Historically, federal funding streams to address cancer and tobacco use have been provided separately to state health departments. This study aims to document the impact of a recent focus on coordinating chronic disease efforts through collaboration between the 2 programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through a case-study approach using semistructured interviews, we collected information on the organizational context, infrastructure, and interaction between cancer and tobacco control programs in 6 states from March through July 2012. Data were analyzed with NVivo software, using a grounded-theory approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found between-program activities in the state health department and coordinated implementation of interventions in the community. Factors identified as facilitating integrated interventions in the community included collaboration between programs in the strategic planning process, incorporation of one another's priorities into state strategic plans, co-location, and leadership support for collaboration. Coalitions were used to deliver integrated interventions to the community. Five states perceived high staff turnover as a barrier to collaboration, and all 5 states felt that federal funding requirements were a barrier.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cancer and tobacco programs are beginning to implement integrated interventions to address chronic disease. Findings can inform the development of future efforts to integrate program activities across chronic disease prevention efforts.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341. Email: fqv6@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Behnoosh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Momin
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Sonya A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Goode
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Nikie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sarris Esquivel
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Carol L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kahende
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Sherri L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000288:Administrative Personnel; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003153:Community Health Services; D003191:Comprehensive Health Care; D003662:Decision Theory; D019033:Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D066296:Grounded Theory; D006284:Health Plan Implementation; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D009313:National Health Programs; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D036301:Qualitative Research; D061845:Smoke-Free Policy; D012907:Smoking / Q000191:economics; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013219:State Government; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology