title: Enchondroma of the Foot.
abstract: The present study is a review of 20 patients with enchondroma of the foot treated from January 2005 to March 2012. All patients were examined clinically, followed by an evaluation of their enchondroma of the foot radiographically and an assessment of the outcome of their surgical intervention. The patients' sex and age, enchondroma location, findings from imaging studies such as plain radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, clinical findings, operative findings, and treatment outcomes were recorded. The average postoperative follow-up period was 24 months. Eighty percent of the tumors were located in the proximal phalanx and 14 (70%) patients presented with pathologic fracture. The plain radiographs and computed tomography findings revealed 13 (65%) cases of internal calcification and 11 (55%) with endosteal scalloping. A periosteal reaction was seen only in 4 (20%) cases. Magnetic resonance imaging of 11 (55%) patients showed low T1-weighted and high T2-weighted signal intensity in all cases. Internal septa and nodules with low T2-weighted signal intensity were observed in 9 (82%) out of 11 cases, and adjacent soft tissue edema was noted in 9 (82%). All patients underwent curettage of the tumor and bone grafting as their surgical treatment. No recurrence or postoperative complications were observed during the 24-month follow-up period. Enchondroma of the foot most frequently involves the proximal phalangeal bone and is often associated with pathologic fracture. The unique clinical signs and characteristic radiographic images are easily recognized, making this a relatively easy diagnosis. With appropriate treatment, a good surgical outcome can be expected.
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Radiology, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Ah
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Medical Student, Department of Surgery, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stephanie
authors.affiliation: Clinical Fellow, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea. Electronic address: sjs0506@paik.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jin Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002812:Chondroma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005528:Foot; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Maffucci syndrome; Ollier's disease; foot enchondroma; pathologic fracture; tumor