title: Force in the Scapholunate Interosseous Ligament During Active Wrist Motion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the force experienced by the scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) during movements of the wrist.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six fresh-frozen cadaveric wrists were freed of soft tissue and tested in a computer controlled, servohydraulic simulator. Each wrist was tested cyclically through simulated active arcs of flexion-extension and dart throw motion. Tensile forces were recorded across the scapholunate joint with the SLIL cut through a cable placed through the scaphoid to the lunate and fixed to a force transducer external to the wrist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average recorded maximal tensile force across the scapholunate joint during all tested motions was 20 N. During wrist flexion-extension and the dart throw motion, SLIL force was greater at maximum extension than at maximum flexion. No significant differences among the different motions at maximum flexion or extension or for maximal force during motion were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Forces during the flexion-extension and dart throw motions were significantly higher in extension than in flexion. However, during simple unresisted wrist motions, the force did not exceed 20 N.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This information can be used to evaluate surgical methods used for SLIL repairs and thus provide better outcomes for patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dimitris
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY. Electronic address: wernerf@upstate.edu.
authors.forename: Frederick W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Joyce
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Harley
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D050824:Carpal Joints / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012667:Lunate Bone; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D021361:Scaphoid Bone; D013718:Tensile Strength / Q000502:physiology; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Scapholunate interosseous ligament force