title: Antioxidant, antiangiogenic and antiproliferative activities of root methanol extract of Calliandra portoricensis in human prostate cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major health concern. Calliandra portoricensis (CP) is traditionally known for its analgesic, anti-ulcerogenic and anticonvulsant properties. However, its antiproliferative properties for PCa still need to be investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antioxidant activities of CP were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl (OH(-)) radicals-scavenging methods. PC-3 and LNCaP (androgen-refractory and androgen-dependent PCa-derived cell lines) were cultured and treated with CP (10, 50 and 100 μg/mL). Effects of CP on cells were determined by cytotoxicity assay (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) and viability assay (sodium 3'-[1-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis (4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzene sulfonic acid hydrate, XTT). DNA fragmentation was detected by cell death detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plus kit. CP was tested as an inhibitor of angiogenesis using chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CP showed significant scavenging of DPPH and OH(-) radicals. CP significantly (P<0.05) inhibited lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Precisely, CP (10, 50 and 100 μg/mL) inhibited PC-3 and LNCaP growth by 7%, 74% and 92%, and 27%, 73%, and 85% respectively at 48 h. CP had low toxicity in vitro at its half inhibitory concentration dose. Detection of cell death induced by CP at 50 μg/mL showed higher enrichment factors in LNCaP (7.38±0.95) than PC-3 (3.48±0.55). Also, treatment with CP (50 μg/mL) significantly reduced network of vessels in CAM, suggesting its antiangiogenic potential.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calliandra portoricensis elicited antioxidant, antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects in PCa cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Charite, 10117 Berlinermany.
authors.forename: Oluwatosin
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Adaramoye
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Charite, 10117 Berlinermany.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Erguen
authors.affiliation: Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Section, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 20005, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Olubukola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oyebode
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Charite, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nitzsche
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Charite, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Höpfner
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Charite, 10117 Berlinermany.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Charite, 10117 Berlinermany.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rabien
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007887:Fabaceae; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts