title: Diversity of United States medical students by region compared to US census data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increasing the diversity of the United States (US) physician workforce to better represent the general population has received considerable attention. The purpose of this study was to compare medical student race data to that of the US general population. We hypothesized that race demographics of medical school matriculants would reflect that of the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published race data from the United States Census Bureau (USCB) 2010 census and the 2011 Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) allopathic medical school application and enrollment by race and ethnicity survey were analyzed and compared. Race data of enrolled medical students was compared to race data of the general population within geographic regions and subregions. Additionally, race data of medical school applicants and matriculants were compared to race data of the overall general population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Race distribution within US medical schools was significantly different than race distribution for the overall, regional, and subregional populations of the US (P<0.001). Additionally, the overall race distribution of medical school applicants differed significantly to the race distribution of the general population (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that race demographics of US medical school applicants and matriculants are significantly different from that of the general population, and may be resultant of societal quandaries present early in formal education. Initiatives targeting underrepresented minorities at an early stage to enhance health care career interest and provide academic support and mentorship will be required to address the racial disparity that exists in US medical schools and ultimately the physician workforce.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Mark M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Darrell R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Long
keywords: United States; medical school admission; medical school application; population demographics; race distribution