title: Concordance of DSM-5 and DSM-IV-TR classifications for autism spectrum disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) was published in May 2013. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been structured for the three subtypes of pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), but the number of impairment in social and communication dimension is not stated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 68 children who visited the Department of Psychology and Development at Nagoya City University Hospital for the first time between the ages of 6 and 15 years old. We retrospectively re-examined the subjects using DSM-IV-TR criteria and DSM-5 criteria with two rules (two of three and one of three on the social and communication dimension) and examined the concordance rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty subjects were diagnosed with PDD, and 28 were not. The mean PDD subject age was 9.4 years, and mean IQ was 84.0 on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III or 62.7 on the Tanaka-Binet test. Twenty-seven (68%) of the PDD subjects were classified with ASD using DSM-5 criteria when the two of three rule was applied, while 32 (80%) were classified with ASD when the one of three rule was applied. All subjects without PDD were not diagnosed with ASD on DSM-5 criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DSM-5 criteria may exclude high functioning and older subjects from ASD because they tend to be atypical. The diagnostic procedure for DSM-5 criteria is ambiguous, especially in high functioning subjects and those diagnosed at an older age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University.|Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya Akebono-Gakuen.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University.|Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City West Medical Center.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University.|Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya Central Care Center for Disabled Children.
authors.forename: Taishi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University.|Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City Support Center for Developmental Disorders.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University.|Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya North District Care Center of Disabled Children, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imaeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saitoh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis; D002648:Child; D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: DSM-5; autism spectrum disorder; neurodevelopmental disorder; pervasive developmental disorder; social communication disorder