title: Cancer Among Children With Perinatal Exposure to HIV and Antiretroviral Medications--New Jersey, 1995-2010.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concerns remain regarding the cancer risk associated with perinatal antiretroviral (ARV) exposure among infants. No excessive cancer risk has been found in short-term studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children born to HIV-infected women (HIV-exposed) in New Jersey from 1995 to 2008 were identified through the Enhanced HIV/AIDS Reporting System and cross-referenced with data from the New Jersey State Cancer Registry to identify new cases of cancer among children who were perinatally exposed to ARV. Matching of individuals in the Enhanced HIV/AIDS Reporting System to the New Jersey State Cancer Registry was conducted based on name, birth date, Social Security number, residential address, and sex using AutoMatch. Age- and sex-standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and exact 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using New Jersey (1979-2005) and US (1999-2009) cancer rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 3087 children (29,099 person-years; median follow-up: 9.8 years), 4 were diagnosed with cancer. Cancer incidence among HIV-exposed children who were not exposed to ARV prophylaxis (22.5 per 100,000 person-years) did not differ significantly from the incidence among children who were exposed to any perinatal ARV prophylaxis (14.3 per 100,000 person-years). Furthermore, the number of cases observed among individuals exposed to ARV did not differ significantly from cases expected based on state (SIR = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.25 to 3.54) and national (SIR = 1.27; 95% CI: 0.26 to 3.70) reference rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings are reassuring that current use of ARV for perinatal HIV prophylaxis does not increase cancer risk. We found no evidence to alter the current federal guidelines of 2014 that recommend ARV prophylaxis of HIV-exposed infants.
authors.affiliation: *Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; †New Jersey Department of Health, Division of HIV/AIDS Services, Trenton, NJ; ‡New Jersey Department of Health, Communicable Disease Service, Trenton, NJ; and §New Jersey Department of Health, Cancer Epidemiology Services, Trenton, NJ.
authors.forename: Wade
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ivy
authors.forename: Steve R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Nesheim
authors.forename: Sindy M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Abdel R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Miranda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lampe
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009515:New Jersey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents