title: Oral and craniofacial clinical signs associated to genetic conditions in human identification part I: a review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Forensic dentistry is one of the most reliable methods used in human identification when other technique as fingerprint, DNA, visual identification cannot be used. Genetic disorders have several manifestations that can target the intra-oral cavity, the cranio-facial area or any location in the human body.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search of the scientific database (Medline and Science Direct) for the years 1990 to 2014 was carried out to find out all the available papers that indicate oral, cranio-facial signs, genetic and human identification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A table with 10 genetic conditions was described with oral and cranio-facial signs that can help forensic specialist in human identification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review showed a correlation between genetics, facial and intra-oral signs that would help forensic ondontologist in the identification procedures.
authors.affiliation: Dean and Professor, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Fouad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ayoub
authors.affiliation: Instructor, Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aoun
authors.affiliation: Instructor, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El Husseini
authors.affiliation: Instructor, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Houssam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jassar
authors.affiliation: Instructor, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Fida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sayah
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Research and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Salameh
keywords: Craniofacial; forensic dentistry; genetic; human identification signs