title: Humanistic and economic burden of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Europe: A review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. A systematic literature review was conducted to provide an overview of published literature in the last 10-years on the epidemiology, humanistic burden and economic burden of PDPN in Europe.
  
  
  METHODS
  A search was performed according to pre-defined strategy and review criteria in Embase, Pubmed, and conference proceedings databases from 2003 till December 2012. In total, 30 publications written in English covering the relevant patient population and topics of interest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  European prevalence ranges from 6% to 34% in diabetes mellitus patients. PDPN has a significant humanistic and economic impact. Patients are limited in their general functioning and their ability to sleep and often experience anxiety and depression. Not surprisingly, PDPN is associated with reduced Health-Related-Quality-of-Life (HRQoL). PDPN patients incur high health care costs due to hospitalizations and outpatient visits. In addition, the painful symptoms cause impaired work productivity. Studies suggest both humanistic and economic burden increase with higher pain severity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The burden from PDPN appears to be higher with increasing pain severity. More severe pain leads to a higher impairment in daily functioning, sleep and HRQoL. Higher pain intensity also leads to increasing healthcare costs and work productivity losses.
authors.affiliation: Pharmerit B.V., Marten Meesweg 107, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: calleman@pharmerit.com.
authors.forename: Cathelijne J M
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Alleman
authors.affiliation: Pharmerit B.V., Marten Meesweg 107, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kirsten Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Westerhout
authors.affiliation: Pharmerit B.V., Marten Meesweg 107, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hensen
authors.affiliation: Astellas Pharma Europe Ltd., Chertsey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.affiliation: Astellas Pharma Europe B.V., Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stoker
authors.affiliation: INC research Ltd., Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Astellas Pharma Europe B.V., Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Floortje E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: van Nooten
mesh_terms: D017281:Cost of Illness; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life
keywords: Burden; Epidemiology; Europe; Literature review; Painful diabetic neuropathy; Quality-of-life