title: Salivary Pellicle vs Whole Saliva: The Response of Oral Fibroblasts Based on a Genome-Wide Microarray.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Whole saliva comprises components of the salivary pellicle that spontaneously forms on surfaces of implants and teeth. However, there are no studies that functionally link the salivary pellicle with a possible change in gene expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study examined the genetic response of oral fibroblasts exposed to the salivary pellicle and whole saliva. Oral fibroblasts were seeded onto a salivary pellicle and the respective untreated surface. Oral fibroblasts were also exposed to freshly harvested sterile-filtered whole saliva. A genome-wide microarray of oral fibroblasts was performed, followed by gene ontology screening with DAVID functional annotation clustering, KEGG pathway analysis, and the STRING functional protein association network.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure of oral fibroblasts to saliva caused 61 genes to be differentially expressed (P < .05). Gene ontology screening assigned the respective genes into 262 biologic processes, 3 cellular components, 13 molecular functions, and 7 pathways. Most remarkable was the enrichment in the inflammatory response. None of the genes regulated by whole saliva was significantly changed when cells were placed onto a salivary pellicle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The salivary pellicle per se does not provoke a significant inflammatory response of oral fibroblasts in vitro, whereas sterile-filtered whole saliva does produce a strong inflammatory response.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cvikl
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lussi
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moritz
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gruber
mesh_terms: D044622:Dental Pellicle; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D012463:Saliva; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides