title: Oral administration of putrescine and proline during the suckling period improves epithelial restitution after early weaning in piglets.
abstract: Polyamines are necessary for normal integrity and the restitution after injury of the gastrointestinal epithelium. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of oral administration of putrescine and proline during the suckling period on epithelial restitution after early weaning in piglets. Eighteen neonatal piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Large Yorkshire) from 3 litters (6 piglets per litter) were assigned to 3 groups, representing oral administration with an equal volume of saline (control), putrescine (5 mg/kg BW), and proline (25 mg/kg BW) twice daily from d 1 to weaning at 14 d of age. Plasma and intestinal samples were obtained 3 d after weaning. The results showed that oral administration of putrescine or proline increased the final BW and ADG of piglets compared with the control (P < 0.05). Proline treatment decreased plasma D-lactate concentration but increased the villus height in the jejunum and ileum, as well as the percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive cells and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity in the jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05). The protein expressions for zonula occludens (ZO-1), occludin, and claudin-3 (P < 0.05) but not mRNA were increased in the jejunum of putrescine- and proline-treated piglets compared with those of control piglets. The voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv) 1.1 protein expression in the jejunum of piglets administrated with putrescine and the Kv1.5 mRNA and Kv1.1 protein levels in the ileum of piglets administrated with proline were greater than those in control piglets (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that polyamine or its precursor could improve mucosal proliferation, intestinal morphology, as well as tight junction and potassium channel protein expressions in early-weaned piglets, with implications for epithelial restitution and barrier function after stress injury.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: X F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D007082:Ileum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011392:Proline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011700:Putrescine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins; D011392:Proline; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D011700:Putrescine