title: Dietary curcumin supplementation protects against heat-stress-impaired growth performance of broilers possibly through a mitochondrial pathway.
abstract: A total of 400 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were raised at a recommended environmental temperature from d 1 to 20 (experimental day [ED] = ED1 to ED20). On ED21, the chicks were weighed and reallocated into 5 treatment groups, with 8 replicates of 10 birds each. The 5 treatment groups were as follows: the control group, in which chicks were housed at 22 ± 1°C and fed the basal diet, and the HS, HS-CUR50, HS-CUR100, and HS-CUR200 groups, in which chicks were housed at 34 ± 1°C for 8 h (0900-1700 h) and 22 ± 1°C for the rest time and fed the basal diet with 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg curcumin, respectively. From ED21 to ED42, the heat treatment lasted for 20 consecutive days. The results showed that heat-stressed broilers had greater (P < 0.05) average head surface and rectal temperature on ED21 and ED42 than the non-heat-stressed broilers. Diets supplied with 50 and 100 mg/kg curcumin increased (P < 0.05) the G:F compared to the heat-stressed groups. Mitochondrial malondialdehyde levels, an index of lipid peroxidation, in the breast muscle were 15.15 and 9.09% higher (P < 0.05) in 50 and 100 mg/kg curcumin supplemented groups than that of the heat-stressed group, respectively. Curcumin supplementation (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) increased (P < 0.05) mitochondrial glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and manganese superoxide dismutase activities compared to heat-stressed broilers. Curcumin supplementation (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) of heat shock protein 70 mRNA levels in the breast muscle. The breast muscle mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and nuclear respiratory factor 1 and 2 in heat-stressed groups was increased (P < 0.05) in response to dietary 100 mg/kg curcumin treatment. Additionally, when compared to the heat-stressed group, mitochondrial transcription factor A mRNA levels were increased (P < 0.05) by 17.64% in the 200 mg/kg curcumin supplemented group. In conclusion, dietary curcumin supplementation prevented heat-stress-impaired growth performance, possibly through improving the antioxidant defense system and enhancing the mitochondrial biogenesis.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Z P
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: M X
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D003474:Curcumin