title: Musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The prevalence of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are increasing significantly worldwide. Whilst vascular complications of diabetes are well recognized, and account for principle mortality and morbidity from the condition, musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes are common and whilst not life threatening, are an important cause of morbidity, pain and disability. Joints affected by diabetes include peripheral joints and the axial skeleton. Charcot neuroarthropathy is an important cause of deformity and amputation associated with peripheral neuropathy. A number of fibrosing conditions of the hands and shoulder are recognized, including carpal tunnel syndrome, adhesive capsulitis, tenosynovitis and limited joint mobility. People with diabetes are more prone to gout and osteoporosis. Management of these conditions requires early recognition and close liaison between diabetes and rheumatology specialists.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology and.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merashli
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK Tahseen.Chowdhury@bartshealth.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Rheumatology and.
authors.forename: A S M
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Jawad
mesh_terms: D020918:Complex Regional Pain Syndromes / Q000209:etiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007238:Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*