title: Learning From Animal Models of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
abstract: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects 2%-3% of the population worldwide and can cause significant distress and disability. Substantial challenges remain in the field of OCD research and therapeutics. Approved interventions alleviate symptoms only partially, with 30%-40% of patients being resistant to treatment. Although the etiology of OCD is still unknown, research evidence points toward the involvement of cortico-striato-thalamocortical circuitry. This review focuses on the most recent behavioral, genetics, and neurophysiologic findings from animal models of OCD. Based on evidence from these models and parallels with human studies, we discuss the circuit hyperactivity hypothesis for OCD, a potential circuitry dysfunction of action termination, and the involvement of candidate genes. Adding a more biologically valid framework to OCD will help researchers define and test new hypotheses and facilitate the development of targeted therapies based on disease-specific mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Electronic address: fengg@mit.edu.
authors.forename: Guoping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Animal models; Basal ganglia; CSTC; OCD; Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Striatum; Synapse