title: Factors Influencing Uptake of Rapid HIV and Hepatitis C Screening Among Drug Misusing Adult Emergency Department Patients: Implications for Future HIV/HCV Screening Interventions.
abstract: In this randomized, controlled trial among 957 English- or Spanish-speaking drug misusing adult emergency department (ED) patients, we determined if a tailored brief intervention (BI) increased uptake of rapid HIV/HCV screening, and identified factors associated with greater screening uptake. Rapid HIV/HCV screening uptake was greater in the control than the BI arm (45 vs. 38 %; p < 0.04). Screening uptake depended on elapsed study time and which research staff member offered testing. In the control arm, uptake was lowest for those spending <30 or ≥90 min in the study. In the BI arm, screening uptake generally increased over time. Tailored BI content specifically addressing participant HIV/HCV knowledge, HIV/HCV risk behaviors, or need for HIV/HCV screening was not associated with greater screening uptake. These study findings suggested factors that should be considered when designing future ED-based screening initiatives, such as elapsed study time, who offers testing, and the content of interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Claverick Building, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. rmerchant@lifespan.org.|Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. rmerchant@lifespan.org.
authors.forename: Roland C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Merchant
authors.affiliation: Center for Statistical Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Allison K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: DeLong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Claverick Building, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
authors.forename: Janette R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Baird
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D055030:Drug Users / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015438:Health Behavior; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D062405:Motivational Interviewing; D012237:Rhode Island; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Drug abuse; Emergency medicine; HIV; Hepatitis C; Intervention studies; Mass screening