title: Acute porcine renal metabolic effect of endogastric soft drink administration assessed with hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]pyruvate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to determine the quantitative reproducibility of metabolic breakdown products in the kidney following intravenous injection of hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]pyruvate and secondly to investigate the metabolic effect on the pyruvate metabolism of oral sucrose load using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization. By this technique, metabolic alterations in several different metabolic related diseases and their metabolic treatment responses can be accessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  In four healthy pigs the lactate-to-pyruvate, alanine-to-pyruvate and bicarbonate-to-pyruvate ratio was measured following administration of regular cola and consecutive injections of hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]pyruvate four times within an hour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall lactate-to-pyruvate metabolic profile changed significantly over one hour following an acute sucrose load leading to a significant rise in blood glucose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reproducibility of hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the healthy pig kidney demonstrated a repeatability of more than 94% for all metabolites and, furthermore, that the pyruvate to lactate conversion and the blood glucose level is elevated following endogastric sucrose administration.
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Christoffer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laustsen
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.|Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Esben Søvsø Szocska
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Uffe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kjaergaard
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lotte Bonde
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Bertelsen
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ringgaard
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stødkilde-Jørgensen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D066241:Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013270:Stomach; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013395:Sucrose; D019289:Pyruvic Acid
keywords: MRI; MRS; hyperpolarization; kidney; renal metabolism; sucrose