title: Deep eutectic solvent pretreatment and subsequent saccharification of corncob.
abstract: Ionic liquid (ILs) pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass has attracted broad scientific interest, despite high costs, possible toxicity and energy intensive recycling. An alternative group of ionic solvents with similar physicochemical properties are deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Corncob residues were pretreated with three different DES systems: choline chloride and glycerol, choline chloride and imidazole, choline chloride and urea. The pretreated biomass was characterised in terms of lignin content, sugars concentration, enzymatic digestibility and crystallinity index. A reduction of lignin and hemicellulose content resulted in increased crystallinity of the pretreated biomass while the crystallinity of the cellulose fraction could be reduced, depending on DES system and operating conditions. The subsequent enzymatic saccharification was enhanced in terms of rate and extent. A total of 41 g fermentable sugars (27 g glucose and 14 g xylose) could be recovered from 100g corncob, representing 76% (86% and 63%) of the initially available carbohydrates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale - Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, P.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Procentese
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale - Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, P.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garruto Campanile
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Soft Matter, Fluidics and Interfaces, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeffery A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale - Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, P.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marzocchella
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. Electronic address: lrehmann@uwo.ca.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rehmann
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D002794:Choline / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014508:Urea / Q000737:chemistry; D014994:Xylose / Q000737:chemistry; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012997:Solvents; C036909:lignocellulose; C029899:imidazole; C007916:hemicellulose; D014508:Urea; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin; D014994:Xylose; D005947:Glucose; D002794:Choline; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: Deep eutectic solvents; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Ionic liquids; Lignocellulosic biomass