title: Functional and speech outcomes of superiorly based flap pharyngoplasty combined with radical intravelar veloplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate functional and speech outcomes of superiorly based pharyngeal flap (SBF) pharyngoplasty combined with radical intravelar veloplasty (RIVVP) for the management of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) following surgically repaired cleft palate.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case series with chart review. The study was conducted in academic tertiary care medical centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with VPIs following surgically repaired cleft palate were managed between May 2011 and August 2014, with SBF pharyngoplasty combined with RIVVP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the speech defects improved by a success rate of 93.4%; the VP function became normal (circular pattern of closure) in 80% of patients and the postoperative overall success rate of VP competence grades was 93.4%. Moreover, we found that the overall incidence of complications were 33.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By doing SBF pharyngoplasty combined with RIVVP the surgical procedure was satisfactory in both functional and speech outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT, Phonatric unite of ENT department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
authors.forename: Abdelrahman E M
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ezzat
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT, Phonatric unite of ENT department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
authors.forename: Rana A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Khalifa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
authors.forename: Mabrouk M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Akel
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Medicine, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hanna M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: El-Shenawy
keywords: Radical intravelar veloplasty; secondary cleft palate repair; superiorly based flap pharyngoplasty; velopharyngeal insufficiency