title: Effect of enteral diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, the effects of an enteral diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), γ-linolenic acid (GLA), and antioxidants were compared with a standard enteral diet in critically ill patients with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a single-center, prospective, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in our Advanced Critical Care Center. Patients were randomized to receive a continuous EPA, GLA, and antioxidant-enriched diet (study group), or an isocaloric standard diet (control group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three of 46 patients were in the study group, and the other 23 were in the control group. Duration of mechanical ventilation, incidence of new nosocomial infections, changes over time in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, and 60-day mortality were not significantly different between the two groups. The ratio of partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen on day 7 was significantly higher in the study group (233.0 [185.5-282.8] vs. 274.0 [225.5-310.8], p = 0.021). Duration of ICU stay was significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group (24.0 [20.0-30.0] vs. 15.0 [11.0-24.0], p = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An enteral diet enriched with EPA, GLA, and antioxidants did not improve duration of mechanical ventilation, SOFA score, incidence of new nosocomial infections, or mortality but did favorably influence duration of ICU stay in critically ill patients with sepsis-induced ARDS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Ichinomiya Municipal Hospital, Bunkyo, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-8558 Japan.
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogura
keywords: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Antioxidants; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Enteral nutrition; Gamma-linolenic acid; Sepsis