title: α-Linolenic Fatty Acid Supplementation Decreases Tumor Growth and Cachexia Parameters in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats.
abstract: Fish oil (FO) has been shown to affect cancer cachexia, tumor mass, and immunity cell. n-3 PUFA, specifically α-linolenic fatty acid (ALA), has controversial effects. We investigated this in nontumor-bearing Wistar rats fed regular chow (C), fed regular chow and supplemented with FO or Oro Inca oil (OI), and Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats fed regular chow (W), fed regular chow and supplemented with FO (WFO) or OI (WOI). Rats were supplemented (1g/kg body weight/day) during 4 wk and then the groups tumor-bearing were inoculated with Walker 256 tumor cells suspension and 14 days later the animals were killed. WFO increased EPA fivefold and DHA 1.5-fold in the tumor tissue compared to W (P < 0.05). OI supplementation increased of threefold of ALA when compared to W (P < 0.05). Tumor mass in WFO and OI was of 2.3-fold lower, as well as tumor cell proliferation of 3.0-fold tumor tissue lipoperoxidation increased of 76.6% and cox-2 expression was 20% lower. Cachexia parameters were attenuate, blood glucose (25% higher), Triacylglycerolemia (50% lower), and plasma TNF-α (65% lower; P < 0.05) and IL-6 (62.5% lower). OI, rich in ALA, caused the same effect on cancer as those seen in FO.
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Nutrição , Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste , Guarapuava , Brazil.
authors.forename: Dalton Luiz
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Schiessel
authors.forename: Ricardo K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kryczyk
authors.forename: Isabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Adriana A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Daniele C T
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Pequito
authors.forename: Gleisson A P
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borghetti
authors.forename: Luiz C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002100:Cachexia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002279:Carcinoma 256, Walker / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D005395:Fish Oils; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid