title: Modelling ventricular fibrillation coarseness during cardiopulmonary resuscitation by mixed effects stochastic differential equations.
abstract: For patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and being in a shockable rhythm, the coarseness of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is an indicator of the state of the patient. In the current work, we show how mixed effects stochastic differential equations (SDE) models, commonly used in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling, can be used to model the relationship between CPR quality measurements and ECG coarseness. This is a novel application of mixed effects SDE models to a setting quite different from previous applications of such models and where using such models nicely solves many of the challenges involved in analysing the available data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gundersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Jan Terje
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kvaløy
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Trygve
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eftestøl
authors.affiliation: Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Prehospital Emergency Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Jo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kramer-Johansen
mesh_terms: D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013269:Stochastic Processes; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: correlated errors; electrocardiogram; longitudinal data; random effects; unobserved heterogeneity