title: Adrenal mild hypercortisolism.
abstract: Adrenal incidentalomas have become detected more often as the use of abdominal imaging has increased. Up to one-third of these may be secreting low levels of cortisol, known as mild hypercortisolism or subclinical Cushing syndrome. These low levels of cortisol have been found to be associated with an increased in the metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, cardiovascular events, and mortality. This article discusses in detail the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical associations, and treatment options of mild hypercortisolism.
authors.affiliation: The Hilda and J. Lester Gabrilove Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1055, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Lennox Hill Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, New York, NY 10075, USA.
authors.forename: Gillian M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Goddard
authors.affiliation: The Hilda and J. Lester Gabrilove Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1055, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
authors.forename: Aarti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravikumar
authors.affiliation: The Hilda and J. Lester Gabrilove Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1055, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA. Electronic address: alice.levine@mountsinai.org.
authors.forename: Alice C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D000315:Adrenalectomy; D018246:Adrenocortical Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003480:Cushing Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D003907:Dexamethasone; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D009026:Mortality; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone
keywords: Adrenal; Adrenal incidentaloma; Cortisol; Cushing syndrome; Mild hypercortisolism; Subclinical Cushing syndrome