title: Effects of technological processes on enniatin levels in pasta.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Potential human health risks posed by enniatins (ENs) require their control primarily from cereal products, creating a demand for harvesting, food processing and storage techniques capable to prevent, reduce and/or eliminate the contamination. In this study, different methodologies to pasta processing simulating traditional and industrial processes were developed in order to know the fate of the mycotoxin ENs. The levels of ENs were studied at different steps of pasta processing. The effect of the temperature during processing was evaluated in two types of pasta (white and whole-grain pasta). Mycotoxin analysis was performed by LC-MS/MS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High reductions (up to 50% and 80%) were achieved during drying pasta at 45-55°C and 70-90°C, respectively. The treatments at low temperature (25°C) did not change EN levels. The effect of pasta composition did not cause a significant effect on the stability of ENs. The effect of the temperature allowed a marked mycotoxin reduction during pasta processing. Generally, ENA1 and ENB showed higher thermal stability than did ENA and ENB1 .
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings from the present study suggested that pasta processing at medium-high temperatures is a potential tool to remove an important fraction of ENs from the initial durum wheat semolina.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: Guillermina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Font
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mañes
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferrer
mesh_terms: D047630:Depsipeptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005504:Food Analysis; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D047630:Depsipeptides; C100264:enniatins
keywords: LC-MS/MS; enniatins; mycotoxin reduction; pasta processing; thermal stability