title: Can additives ameliorate oxidative stress and improve development of Greenshell mussel (Perna canaliculus) oocytes during cryopreservation?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cryopreservation of P. canaliculus oocytes has not yet been achieved.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study is to investigate whether the incorporation of: DMSO (0.09%), α-tocopherol (0.1 mM) plus taurine (1 mM) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA; 0.1 mM), is beneficial during cryopreservation.
  
  
  METHODS
  These three additives were incorporated to both the cryoprotectant (CPA) and recovery media, and evaluated in terms of development and oxidative stress at three key stages of cryopreservation: 1) cryoprotectant addition [10% v/v ethylene glycol plus 0.2M trehalose; final concentration], 2) cooling to -6 degrees C, and 3) cooling to -35 degrees C and liquid nitrogen immersion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over all treatments (including controls) progressive cryopreservation steps resulted in a decrease in fertilization and development to D-larvae, an increase in macromolecular oxidative damage markers (protein carbonyls, lipid hydroperoxides and oxidized DNA), and a decrease in enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whilst results varied, the major effects of the additives were the improved percentage fertilization and a decrease in macromolecular damage.
authors.forename: Samantha L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gale
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Buritt
authors.forename: H Robin
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Tervit
authors.forename: Lindsay T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: McGowan
authors.forename: Serean L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000378:metabolism; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D049883:Perna / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D013654:Taurine / Q000378:metabolism; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D013654:Taurine; D004492:Edetic Acid; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide