title: Detection of XRCC1 gene polymorphisms in Turkish head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients: a comparative analysis with different populations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  X-ray repair cross-complementing (XRCC1) is one of the most important genes for the maintenance of genomic integrity and protection of cells from DNA damage. Although tobacco and alcohol consumption are the major risk factors for the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), sequence variation in XRCC1 gene may alter HNSCC susceptibility. Reports on the relationship between HNSCC and polymorphisms in XRCC1 gene have been inconsistent so far. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), smoking and alcohol consumption with the risk of HNSCC in Turkish population and also to compare to these results with the ones from both Turkish and different populations in the literature. The frequencies of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln SNPs were studied in 55 HNSCC and 69 healthy individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and SNP was genotyped by PCR-RFLP method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genotype and allele frequencies of both polymorphisms were not statistically different between the HNSCC and control groups. On the other hand, smoking and chronic alcohol consumption were associated with risk of HNSCC, but there was no association between Arg194Trp, Arg399Gln polymorphisms, smoking and alcohol consumption in HNSCC cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that both Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln polymorphisms were not associated with the development of HNSCC in Turkish population. In addition, the allele frequencies of polymorphisms were in line with other Turkish population results that were studied previously. However, compared to different populations, there were marked differences in allele frequencies.
authors.affiliation: Middle East Technical University, Central Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology R&D Center, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Pelin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: Murad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.forename: Gozde
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Unsoy
authors.forename: Atilay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yaylaci
authors.forename: Guleser
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saylam
authors.forename: Istemihan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akin
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Ufuk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gunduz
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D014421:Turkey; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human