title: Significance of anionic functional group in betaine-type metabolite analogs on the facilitation of enzyme reactions.
abstract: Using synthetic sulfobetaine library, the enzyme activation behavior has been investigated. Comparison of enzyme activation behavior revealed that sulfobetaines equally facilitate enzyme reactions, being consistent with that of carboxybetaines. The subsequent kinetic and solution property analyses clarified that both the kinetic parameter and hydration property changes are identical with those of carboxybetaines, indicating that the difference in the anionic functional group of the betaine structure scarcely affects the enzyme activation. On the other hand, comparison of carboxy- or sulfo-betaines with tetraalkylammonium salts, whose counteranion binds to the ammonium cation intermolecularly, revealed that the activation ability for enzymes of tetraalkylammonium salts is considerably smaller than that of carboxy- or sulfo-betaines. These findings give us a hint to design the useful betaine-type enzyme activators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University, 7-1-20 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Kotomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Ryutaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Genjima
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koumoto
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions; D001622:Betaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D001622:Betaine; C483727:sulfobetaine