title: Validating a Cantonese short version of the Zarit Burden Interview (CZBI-Short) for dementia caregivers.
abstract: The present study aimed to develop and validate a Cantonese short version of the Zarit Burden Interview (CZBI-Short) for Hong Kong Chinese dementia caregivers.
  
  
  
  The 12-item Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) was translated into spoken Cantonese and back-translated by two bilingual research assistants and face validated by a panel of experts. Five hundred Chinese dementia caregivers showing signs of stress reported their burden using the translated ZBI and rated their depressive symptoms, overall health, and care recipients' physical functioning and behavioral problems. The factor structure of the translated scale was identified using principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis; internal consistency and item-total correlations were assessed; and concurrent validity was tested by correlating the ZBI with depressive symptoms, self-rated health, and care recipients' physical functioning and behavioral problems.
  
  
  
  The principal component analysis resulted in 11 items loading on a three-factor model comprised role strain, self-criticism, and negative emotion, which accounted for 59% of the variance. The confirmatory factor analysis supported the three-factor model (CZBI-Short) that explained 61% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha (0.84) and item-total correlations (rho = 0.39-0.71) indicated CZBI-Short had good reliability. CZBI-Short showed correlations with depressive symptoms (r = 0.50), self-rated health (r = -0.26) and care recipients' physical functioning (r = 0.18-0.26) and disruptive behaviors (r = 0.36).
  
  
  
  The 12-item CZBI-Short is a concise, reliable, and valid instrument to assess burden in Chinese dementia caregivers in clinical and social care settings.
authors.affiliation: a Sau Po Centre on Ageing , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.
authors.forename: Jennifer Yee-Man
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: a Sau Po Centre on Ageing , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.|b Division of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore.
authors.forename: Andy Hau-Yan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: a Sau Po Centre on Ageing , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.|c Department of Sociology , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: a Sau Po Centre on Ageing , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.|d Department of Psychiatry , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.
authors.forename: Gloria Hoi-Yan
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: e Department of Psychology , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.
authors.forename: Bobo Hi-Po
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: a Sau Po Centre on Ageing , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.|f Department of Social Work and Social Administration , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.
authors.forename: Terry Yat-Sang
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lum
authors.affiliation: a Sau Po Centre on Ageing , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.|f Department of Social Work and Social Administration , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China.
authors.forename: Karen Siu-Lan
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D002681:China; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003704:Dementia / Q000451:nursing*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
keywords: caregiving; dementia and cognitive disorders; mental health assessments; stress/burden