title: Histological features of antiphospholipid nephropathy in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the histological features of renal biopsies of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients with and without antiphospholipid antibodies in Saudi population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January to December 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive SLE patients admitted to King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh for renal biopsy for evaluation of proteinuria or deterioration of renal function were recruited. SLE patients with renal involvement were divided in two groups. Group one included patients with positive APS antibodies and group two included patients with negative APS antibodies. The histological features of renal biopsies of the two patients groups were compared. Data was analyzed using simple statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of APS antibodies-positive patients was 30.37 ± 10.714 years while mean age of APS negative patients was 33.62 ± 11.717 years (p=0.224). Twenty five (83.33%) patients were females and 5 (16.67%) patients were males in APS positive patients while 42 (89.36%) were females and 5 (10.63%) were males in group two. Acute lesions like thrombotic microangiopathy were in 2 (6.7%) of APS positive patients while chronic lesions like focal cortical atrophy was found in 6 (20%) and fibrous intimal hyperplasia was found in 9 (30%). Other significant histological findings in APS antibodies positive group were glomerular basement membrane wrinkling in 12 (40%), glomerular double wall contour in 17 (56.7%), fibrous adhesions in 11 (36.7%) patients with APS antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients with positive APS antibodies has specific histological findings suggesting an important role of APS antibodies in the pathogenesis of APS nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Rheumatology Unit), King Saud University, King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Naseeb
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Rheumatology Unit), King Saud University, King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulrehman Al
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Arfaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Rheumatology Unit), King Saud University, King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Afzal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamdani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, King Saud University, King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hala
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kfoury
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Rheumatology Unit), King Saud University, King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Parvez
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Rheumatology Unit), King Saud University, King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sultan Al
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mogairen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000276:immunology*; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid