title: Phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical trial of Ficus racemosa.
abstract: Ficus racemosa is an important medicinal plant, found in India, Australia, and Southeast Asia. It is popularly known as 'gular.' It reduces blood glucose concentration due to the presence of β-sitosterol. Many active constituents that have been isolated from various parts of this plant possess useful pharmacological activities. The literature survey proposed that it has multiple pharmacological actions that include antidiabetic, antioxidant, antidiarrhoeal, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antifungal, antibacterial, hypolipidemic, antifilarial, and hepatoprotection. This review article elaborately describes the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of this plant. We also provide useful structures of the secondary metabolites along with their nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. Some clinical trial data have also been provided in this review. This review would assist researchers to gather scientific information in future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Rajnish Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joyti Vidyapeeth Women's University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
authors.forename: Bankim Chandra
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Nandy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Siddhartha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maity
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Srimanta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sudipta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saha
keywords: Clinical trial; Ficus racemosa; pharmacology; phytochemistry; toxicology; traditional uses