title: Computed tomography imaging study of the superior attachment of the uncinate process.
abstract: The superior attachment of the uncinate process (SAUP) is an important landmark in the nasofrontal recess, but its anatomical distribution is still unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the location and number of superior attachments of the uncinate process on computed tomography (CT) images.
  
  
  
  A cross-sectional, retrospective study conducted at the Department of Radiology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil. Sinus CT scans of adult patients with no history of sinonasal surgery, craniofacial fractures, malignant neoplasms, or malformations were examined for identification of the site of SAUP.
  
  
  
  152 CT scans (304 sides) were assessed. The SAUP was appropriately identified in 292 sides (96%). Six distinct SAUP patterns were identified: to the lamina papyracea or anterior ethmoidal cells (193, 63.48%); to the middle turbinate (19, 6.25%); to the skull base (19, 6.25%); to the lamina papyracea and middle turbinate (29, 9.53%); to the lamina papyracea and skull base (29, 9.53%); and to the skull base and middle turbinate (3, 0.98%).
  
  
  
  The site of superior attachment of the uncinate process is highly variable, but is in contact with the lateral nasal wall in 82.5% of the cases.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.forename: Otávio Bejzman
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Piltcher
authors.forename: Camila Degen
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Meotti
authors.forename: Jaqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lemieszek
authors.forename: Gustavo Rassier
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Isolan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed