title: Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die.
abstract: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has important roles in mammalian immunity and cellular homeostasis. Deregulation of TNF receptor (TNFR) signalling is associated with many inflammatory disorders, including various types of arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, and targeting TNF has been an effective therapeutic strategy in these diseases. This Review focuses on the recent advances that have been made in understanding TNFR signalling and the consequences of its deregulation for cellular survival, apoptosis and regulated necrosis. We discuss how TNF-induced survival signals are distinguished from those that lead to cell death. Finally, we provide a brief overview of the role of TNF in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and we discuss up-to-date and future treatment strategies for these disorders.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Infection and Immunity, Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg. [2].
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.affiliation: 1] The Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada. [2].
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Blaser
authors.affiliation: 1] The Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada. [2] Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada. [3] Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
authors.forename: Tak W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Mak
mesh_terms: D065767:Activation, Metabolic / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000276:immunology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology*; D054875:Ubiquitination / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha