title: Aneurysmal vasculopathy in human-acquired immunodeficiency virus-infected adults: Imaging case series and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intracranial vasculopathy in adult patients with human-acquired immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a rare but increasingly recognized disease entity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to contribute to and summarize the adult literature describing patients with HIV/AIDS who have intracranial vasculopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of adult patients with HIV/AIDS undergoing diagnostic cerebral angiography at our institution from 2007-2013 was performed. A literature review of relevant existing studies was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five adult patients with HIV-related aneurysmal and occlusive vasculopathy were diagnosed and/or treated at our institution. A comprehensive review of the literature yielded data from 17 series describing 28 adult patients with HIV/AIDS and intracranial vasculopathy. Our review suggests that low CD4 count, motor weakness, and meningismus may be associated with the sequelae of intracranial vasculopathy/vasculitis in patients with HIV/AIDS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with HIV/AIDS who have aneurysmal and stenotic vascular disease may benefit from earlier surveillance with the onset of neurological symptoms. The roles of medical, open surgical, and endovascular therapy in this unique entity will be further defined as the pathological basis of the disease is better understood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA jayesh.thawani@uphs.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Jayesh P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Thawani
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Nikhil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Jared M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pisapia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Dmitriy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petrov
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Bryan A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Pukenas
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008580:Meningism / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000209:etiology; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents
keywords: Adult human-acquired immunodeficiency virus vasculopathy; human-acquired immunodeficiency virus vasculopathy; viral aneurysmal vasculopathy