title: An ONIOM and MD Investigation of Possible Monofunctional Activity of Human 8-Oxoguanine-DNA Glycosylase (hOgg1).
abstract: Since the formation of 8-oxoguanine (OG) is one of the most common DNA-damaging events, cells have evolved efficient repair processes to avoid the mutagenic effects associated with this lesion, including base excision repair (BER) initiated by hOgg1. In the present work, three distinct mechanisms for deglycosylation catalyzed by hOgg1 that represent monofunctional activity were characterized using a combination of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on the full DNA-enzyme complex and ONIOM calculations on a truncated DNA-protein model. The initial lysine activation step common to all pathways involves proton transfer from (cationic) K249 to (anionic) C253 and subsequent active-site rearrangement to align key amino acids and/or water for the next reaction step. In the first mechanism, K249 initiates deglycosylation as the nucleophile and the resulting DNA-protein cross-link is hydrolyzed to generate an abasic site. In the remaining two mechanisms, an active-site water molecule is the nucleophile, which is activated by either K249 or D268. These latter mechanisms are supported by MD simulations that reveal an abundance of water in the active site that could function as the nucleophile. Our ONIOM model suggests that the most likely mechanism involves water nucleophile activation by K249, which allows the active-site aspartate (D268) to electrostatically stabilize the charge buildup on the sugar residue throughout the entire reaction pathway. This newly conjectured mechanism is consistent with the proposed activity of other monofunctional glycosylases. In addition to providing the first atomic level evidence for a monofunctional hOgg1 catalytic pathway, the mechanistic details revealed in the present work can be used to direct future large-scale reaction modeling on the entire DNA-protein complex, which can be coupled with experimental kinetic data to afford a reliable comparison of the potential mono- and bifunctional activity of this crucial enzyme.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, T1K 3M4.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kellie
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, T1K 3M4.
authors.forename: Katie A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, T1K 3M4.
authors.forename: Stacey D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Wetmore
mesh_terms: D020134:Catalytic Domain; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000737:chemistry*; D004735:Energy Transfer; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D008957:Models, Genetic; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011522:Protons; D011789:Quantum Theory; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D004247:DNA; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C479058:oxoguanine glycosylase 1, human