title: Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in canine cervical spondylomyelopathy.
abstract: METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify proteins with differential expression in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 15 clinically normal (control) dogs and 15 dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Canine CSM is a spontaneous, chronic, compressive cervical myelopathy similar to human cervical spondylotic myelopathy. There is a limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions. Differentially expressed CSF proteins may contribute with novel information about the disease pathogenesis in both dogs and humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Protein separation was performed with 2-dimensional electrophoresis. A Student t test was used to detect significant differences between groups (P < 0.05). Three comparisons were made: (1) control versus CSM-affected dogs, (2) control versus non-corticosteroid-treated CSM-affected dogs, and (3) non-corticosteroid-treated CSM-affected versus corticosteroid-treated CSM-affected dogs. Protein spots exhibiting at least a statistically significant 1.25-fold change between groups were selected for subsequent identification with capillary-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 96 spots had a significant average change of at least 1.25-fold in 1 of the 3 comparisons. Compared with the CSF of control dogs, CSM-affected dogs demonstrated increased CSF expression of 8 proteins including vitamin D-binding protein, gelsolin, creatine kinase B-type, angiotensinogen, α-2-HS-glycoprotein, SPARC (secreted protein, acidic, rich in cysteine), calsyntenin-1, and complement C3, and decreased expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor, prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase, apolipoprotein E, and clusterin. In the CSF of CSM-affected dogs, corticosteroid treatment increased the expression of haptoglobin, transthyretin isoform 2, cystatin C-like, apolipoprotein E, and clusterin, and decreased the expression of angiotensinogen, α-2-HS-glycoprotein, and gelsolin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many of the differentially expressed proteins are associated with damaged neural tissue, bone turnover, and/or compromised blood-spinal cord barrier. The knowledge of the protein changes that occur in CSM and upon corticosteroid treatment of CSM-affected patients will aid in further understanding the pathomechanisms underlying this disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  N/A.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus †Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus; and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville. Dr. Martin-Vaquero is currently in Centro Médico Veterinario Delicias, Calle Delicias, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin-Vaquero
authors.forename: Ronaldo C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Jeremy K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Keirsey
authors.forename: Kari B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000145:classification; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D004285:Dogs; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics; D055009:Spondylosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D020543:Proteome