title: Developmental retardation, reduced fecundity, and modulated expression of the defensome in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus exposed to BDE-47 and PFOS.
abstract: 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are widely dispersed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the marine ecosystem. However, their toxic effects on marine organisms are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of BDE-47 and PFOS on development and reproduction at the organismal level and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and gene expression patterns of the defensome at the cellular level in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. In copepods exposed to BDE-47 and PFOS, we observed developmental retardation and reduced fecundity, suggesting repercussions on in vivo endpoints through alterations to the normal molting and reproduction system of T. japonicus. BDE-47 and PFOS increased levels of ROS in T. japonicus in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that POPs can induce oxidative stress through the generation of ROS. Additionally, transcript profiles of genes related to detoxification (e.g., CYPs), antioxidant functions (e.g., GST- sigma, catalase, MnSOD), apoptosis (e.g., p53, Rb), and cellular proliferation (e.g., PCNA) were modulated over 72h in response to BDE-47 (120μg/L) and PFOS (1000μg/L). These findings indicate that BDE-47 and PFOS can induce oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage repair systems with transcriptional regulation of detoxification, antioxidant, and apoptosis-related genes, resulting in developmental retardation and reduced fecundity in the copepod T. japonicus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeonghoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Ji
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Won
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Pathology Team, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 619-902, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea. Electronic address: jslee2@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Jae-Seong
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D033342:Copepoda / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000633:toxicity*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
chemical_list: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D020543:Proteome; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
keywords: Copepod; Developmental retardation; Persistent organic pollutants; Reactive oxygen species; Reduced fecundity; Tigriopus japonicus