title: Calculus-related ureteral intussusception: A case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ureteral intussusception is a rarely reported condition, primarily as a complication of ureteric tumours. Fewer than 30 case reports have been made. This case represents the first reported case, to our knowledge, of ureteral intussusception caused by a ureteric calculus.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present the case of a 70 year old man with a history of conservatively managed renal calculi, in whom obstructive ureterolithiasis was incidentally detected. Retrograde pyelography and ureteroscopy revealed intussusception of the ureter around a calculus. Extensive biopsies revealed no evidence of tumour, and the intussusception resolved following stone clearance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Literature review of previously reported cases of ureteral intussusception revealed 26 cases, of which 22 were secondary to tumour and 4 were secondary to surgical procedures. We propose a mechanism by which calculus-related ureteral intussusception may occur, and suggest treatment for this condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calculus-related ureteral intussusception is a rare condition, of which this represents the only case report. Management of the condition should involve excluding the presence of tumour, and then clearing the stone, avoiding the use of a basket for retrieval of fragments.
authors.affiliation: Western Health, Gordon Street, Footscray, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: jassewell@gmail.com.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sewell
authors.affiliation: Western Health, Gordon Street, Footscray, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blecher
authors.affiliation: Western Health, Gordon Street, Footscray, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Western Health, Gordon Street, Footscray, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Conrad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bishop
keywords: Case report; Humans; Intussusception; Ureter; Urolithiasis