title: Detection, genotyping and quantitation of multiple hpv infections in south African women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: In Africa, data is limited on quantitation of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in women with multiple infections. This study applied a real time PCR (qPCR) assay for detection, genotyping and quantitation of multiple HPV infections in 90 tissue blocks of South African women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma. One sample with multiple HPV types was subjected to laser micro-dissection and qPCR. Four samples were negative for β-globin and these were excluded from the analysis. The HPV DNA positivity rate was 93.0% (80/86). All 80 positives showed the presence of HR HPV types; HPV 68 was the only type negative in all the samples. Overall, HPV 16 was positive in most of the samples (88.8%), followed by HPV 56 (28.7%), HPV 18 (20.0%) and HPV 39 (18.7%). More than half of the samples (65.0%) had multiple infections. HPV 16 was present in majority of single (85.7%) and multiple infections (90.4%). HPV 16 showed higher viral loads in 70.3% of the HPV 16 co-infected samples. In one multiple infected sample laser micro-dissection and qPCR identified HPV 18 with higher viral load as the most likely cause of the invasive lesion. There is large number of multiple HPV infections in South African women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma. HPV 16 is the most frequently detected type and often presents with higher viral load, suggesting it could be responsible for pathogenesis of the lesions in the majority of cases.
authors.affiliation: HIV and Hepatitis Research Unit, Department of Virology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa campus/National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Ramokone L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Lebelo
authors.affiliation: Applied Molecular Biology Research Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.|Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Laboratory for Clinical Pathology AML, Sonic HealthCare Benelux, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Johannes J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bogers
authors.affiliation: Applied Molecular Biology Research Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.|Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thys
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Laboratory for Clinical Pathology AML, Sonic HealthCare Benelux, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Depuydt
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Laboratory for Clinical Pathology AML, Sonic HealthCare Benelux, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Benoy
authors.affiliation: HIV and Hepatitis Research Unit, Department of Virology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa campus/National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: S Gloria
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Selabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Pathology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa campus/National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Meshack N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Bida
authors.affiliation: HIV and Hepatitis Research Unit, Department of Virology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa campus/National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: M Jeffrey
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mphahlele
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000821:virology; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D061809:Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: HPV viral load; cervical squamous cell carcinoma; laser micro-dissection; multiple human papillomavirus infections; quantitative real time PCR