title: Graphene Oxides Show Angiogenic Properties.
abstract: Angiogenesis, a process resulting in the formation of new capillaries from the pre-existing vasculature plays vital role for the development of therapeutic approaches for cancer, atherosclerosis, wound healing, and cardiovascular diseases. In this report, the synthesis, characterization, and angiogenic properties of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have been demonstrated, observed through several in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis assays. The results here demonstrate that the intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species as well as activation of phospho-eNOS and phospho-Akt might be the plausible mechanisms for GO and rGO induced angiogenesis. The results altogether suggest the possibilities for the development of alternative angiogenic therapeutic approach for the treatment of cardiovascular related diseases where angiogenesis plays a significant role.
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500007, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India.
authors.forename: Sudip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.affiliation: Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500007, India.
authors.forename: Pavithra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sriram
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500007, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India.
authors.forename: Ayan Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Barui
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500007, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India.
authors.forename: Susheel Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Nethi
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, Life Sciences Division, AU-KBC Research CentreAnna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600044, India.
authors.forename: Vimal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veeriah
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, Life Sciences Division, AU-KBC Research CentreAnna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600044, India.|Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, 600025, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Suvro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500007, India.
authors.forename: Kattimuttathu Ittara
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Suresh
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500007, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India.
authors.forename: Chitta Ranjan
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Patra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010087:Oxides; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006108:Graphite; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: angiogenesis; graphene oxide; reactive oxygen species; redox signaling; wound healing