title: [New ideas on the therapeutic effect of a combination of vaccines against pneumococcal, Haemophilus influenzae type b infection, and influenza in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the indicators of the therapeutic effect of combination vaccination against pneumococcal, Haemophilus influenzae type b infection, and influenza in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, bacteriological, and immunological studies, by determining the quality of life (QL), were conducted in COPD patients during a year after combination vaccination against pneumococcal, Haemophilus influenza type b infection, and influenza.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One year after the vaccination, there were reductions in the number of COPD exacerbations by 3.7 times, in that of antibiotic therapy cycles by 3.4 times, in the levels of inflammatory mediators of interleukins 2 and 8 and interferon-γ, and in the synthesis of IgG antibodies to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and influenza virus strains as compared to the baseline values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination vaccination against bacterial and viral infections substantially improves the major clinical parameters of COPD, positively affecting LQ indicators that generally characterize the therapeutic effect of immunization.
authors.affiliation: I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Kostinov
authors.affiliation: Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Samara, Russia.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Zhestkov
authors.affiliation: Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Samara, Russia.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Protasov
authors.affiliation: I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Magarshak
authors.affiliation: I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kostinova
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D019741:Haemophilus influenzae type b / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines