title: Management of gastrointestinal involvement in scleroderma.
abstract: Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) commonly affects patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The GI involvement is quite heterogeneous varying from asymptomatic disease to significant dysmotility causing complications like malabsorption, weight loss and severe malnutrition. This review focuses on the management of GI involvement in SSc and has been categorized based on the segment of GIT involved. A brief discussion on the role of patient reported outcome measures in SSc-GI involvement has also been incorporated.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nagaraja
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: McMahan
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Getzug
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khanna
keywords: Gastrointestinal tract; bacterial overgrowth; constipation; diarrhea; dysphagia; gastric antral vascular ectasia; gastroesophageal reflux; gastroparesis; intestinal dysmotility; nutrition; scleroderma; systemic sclerosis