title: Psychological the most common elder abuse in a Havana neighborhood.
abstract: Globally, older adults are a population group that often suffers abuse by their caregivers. Along with women and children, they are among those most often reported as victims of abuse of any kind in Cuba.
  
  
  
  Characterize presence of domestic abuse of older adults in family doctor-and-nurse office No. 28 of the Carlos Manuel Portuondo University Polyclinic in Havana, Cuba, determining the main manifestations of abuse and help-seeking behavior by the older adults identified as victims.
  
  
  
  This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of adults aged ≥ 60 years; all those not diagnosed with dementia and who agreed to participate were interviewed. In a universe of 268 older adults, 29 were living outside the area, 24 declined to participate, and 18 had a diagnosis of dementia, leaving a study population of 197 individuals. Variables included: personal experience of abuse, type of abuse, perpetrator, help sought, and reasons for not seeking help. Statistical analysis was based on percentages.
  
  
  
  Of 197 older adults interviewed, 88 (44.7%) reported that they were victims of domestic abuse; 50 of these were women. The most common types of abuse were psychological abuse and disrespect for personal space, reported by 69 (78.4%) and 54 (61.4%) individuals, respectively. Sons- and daughters-in-law were identified as the abusers by 68 participants and grandchildren by 65. Of the 88 victims, 67 (76.1%) stated that they did not seek help.
  
  
  
  The finding that substantial numbers of older adults are victims of domestic abuse brings to light a hitherto insufficiently addressed issue in the community studied. More research is needed to deepen understanding of the scope and causes of the problem to inform prevention and management strategies, not only at the level of the polyclinic catchment area, but in the health system in general.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Community Health Complex, Marianao Municipality, Havana, Cuba. victoriaribot@infomed.sld.cu.
authors.forename: Victoria C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Ribot
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rousseaux
authors.forename: Teresita C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arteaga
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Maritza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alfonso
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D002391:Catchment Area, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003462:Cuba / Q000453:epidemiology; D004552:Elder Abuse / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005194:Family Practice / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D000066505:Help-Seeking Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence