title: Work engagement in nursing: an integrative review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To critically review empirical research about work engagement in nursing and to synthesise the findings to better understand this construct.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Empirical research shows that engagement is positively related to work performance, workers' health and client loyalty in different professions. It is, therefore, necessary to increase our understanding about engagement in nursing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An integrative literature search was conducted to identify articles and studies on work engagement in nursing that were published between January 1990 and December 2013 in the following databases: PsycINFO, MEDLINE and CINAHL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The factors that influence engagement were divided into four areas of analysis: organisational antecedents; individual antecedents; and factors related to managers' leadership and outcomes of engagement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is clear evidence that the quality of care by nurses improves through engagement. However, this depends on contextual factors such as structural empowerment and social support and on dispositional factors such as efficacy and optimism. It is also evident that nurse managers are key to promoting engagement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nursing managers and leaders may promote improvements in leadership behaviours and a context of optimism and self-efficacy as a way of increasing work engagement.
authors.affiliation: Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Terrassa, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García-Sierra
authors.affiliation: Stress and Health Research Group, Department of Basic Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernández-Castro
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Psychology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain.
authors.forename: Fermín
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martínez-Zaragoza
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D007857:Leadership; D009726:Nurses / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology*; D009729:Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D016272:Occupational Health; D011209:Power, Psychological; D020377:Self Efficacy
keywords: engagement; leadership; management; nursing