title: Smoking relapse and weight gain prevention program for postmenopausal weight-concerned women: A pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postmenopausal women have substantial concerns about weight gain when quitting smoking, which may contribute smoking relapse. There is a need for smoking cessation and weight gain prevention programs effective in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two formats of a smoking cessation/weight gain prevention follow-up intervention in postmenopausal weight concerned women were compared: a minimally-tailored group format and a highly tailored, multidisciplinary individual format. Effects on sustained abstinence and postcessation weight gain were assessed. Postmenopausal smokers received 6 sessions of behavioral counseling over a 2-week period, 8weeks of the nicotine transdermal patch, and subsequent random assignment to receive follow-up relapse prevention sessions at 1, 3, 8, and 16weeks postcessation in either group or individual format.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample (N=98) was 67% Caucasian and 33% African-American. Age: m=52.3 (7.8) years, follicle stimulating hormone: m=42.6 (25.7), body mass index (BMI): m=27.4 (6.2), daily smoking rate: m=20.3 (11.5), for m=29.4 (10.7) years, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND): m=6.4 (2.1), and carbon monoxide: m=23.8 (13.0) ppm. Abstinence rates in the group condition were significantly higher at 8weeks posttreatment. Group format significantly predicted abstinence rates at 8 and 16weeks posttreatment, even while controlling for age, race, BMI, CPD, years smoking, FTND, and weight concern. Weight concern predicted postcessation weight gain at 8 and 16weeks posttreatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate that smoking cessation programs for postmenopausal women may best be delivered in a group format and that postcessation weight concerns be dealt with prior to a quit date.
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University, United States; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, United States. Electronic address: copelan@lsu.edu.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Copeland
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, United States.
authors.forename: Megan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McVay
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, United States.
authors.forename: Pamela D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut Medical Center, United States.
authors.forename: Carla J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rash
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center in the School of Public Health, United States.
authors.forename: Darla E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kendzor
authors.affiliation: University of Mississippi Medical Center, United States.
authors.forename: Lauren E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Baillie
authors.affiliation: The Catholic University of America, United States.
authors.forename: Claire A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Spears
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University, United States; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, United States.
authors.forename: Paula J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Geiselman
mesh_terms: D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017698:Postmenopause; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group; D012008:Recurrence; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices; D015430:Weight Gain
keywords: Postcessation weight gain; Postmenopausal smokers; Smoking cessation; Weight concern