title: Image features of retinal astrocytic hamartoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the image features of retinal astrocytic hamartoma in a 35-year-old male patient with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were performed for this retinal astrocytic hamartoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fundus photography showed that the retinal astrocytic hamartoma presented as a well-circumscribed, mulberry-like lesion consisting of glistening yellowish spherules of calcification. FAF demonstrated dense hyper-autofluorescence spots corresponding to retinal astrocytic hamartoma. FFA revealed leakage from dilated retinal capillaries over the hamartoma. SD-OCT indicated moth-eaten optically empty spaces and hyperreflective dots within the lesion. The lesion surface was fluctuate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FAF is a useful imaging modality for obtaining greater contrast between a retinal astrocytic hamartoma and the surrounding retina due to hyper-autofluorescence of calcification in the lesion. FFA is beneficial for monitoring the abnormal blood vessels in these lesions. SD-OCT is capable of visualization the structural details, such as the uneven surface and inner hyperreflective dots.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dongjie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jinting
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yusheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001253:Astrocytes; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006222:Hamartoma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010781:Photography; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000150:complications*