title: Postoperative adhesion formation in a rabbit model: monopolar electrosurgery versus ultrasonic scalpel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if surgery using ultrasonic energy for dissection results in less adhesion formation than monopolar electrosurgical energy in the late (8 weeks) postoperative period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Injuries were induced in rabbits by using ultrasonic energy on one uterine horn and the adjacent pelvic sidewall and using monopolar energy on the opposite side. Eight weeks postoperatively, the rabbits underwent autopsy and clinical and pathologic scoring of adhesions was performed by blinded investigators.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in clinical adhesion scores between the two modalities. The mean clinical score for monopolar cautery was 1.00 versus 0.88 for the Harmonic device (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio) (P = .71). Furthermore, there was no significant difference found in the pathologic adhesion scores between the ultrasonic scalpel and monopolar energy. The mean pathologic score for monopolar electrosurgery was 4.35 versus 3.65 for the Harmonic scalpel (P = .30).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither monopolar electrosurgery nor ultrasonic dissection is superior in the prevention of adhesion formation in the late postoperative period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Vetere
authors.affiliation: SUNY Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lazarou
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Radu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Apostol
authors.affiliation: SUNY Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Poonam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khullar
authors.affiliation: SUNY Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Okonkwo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Farr
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nezhat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004210:Dissection; D004598:Electrosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation*; D023421:Models, Animal; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011817:Rabbits; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: Adhesions; Energy sources; Laparoscopy; Monopolar electrosurgery; Ultrasonic dissection