title: Birth Weight Is Associated With the IGF-1 Response to GH in Children: Programming of the Anabolic Action of GH?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intrauterine programming of the somatotropic axis has been hypothesized in cases of intrauterine growth retardation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to study the effects of birth weight and body composition on GH sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study with a single GH administration to assess GH sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology of an academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred normal short children aged from 4 to 17 years old (44 girls, 56 boys) separated into four groups: early childhood (aged 4-8 y, n = 14), late childhood (aged 9-12 y, pubertal stage 1, n = 30), early puberty (aged 10-15 y, stage 2, n = 32), and midpuberty (aged 12-17 y, stages 3 and 4, n = 24).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum IGF-1 at baseline and 24 hours after a single administration of GH (2 mg/m(2)) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  δIGF-1 significantly increased across the groups (P < .0001) with no gender difference, whereas the percentage of change in IGF-1 was similar (47% ± 32%). Independent predictors of δIGF-1 were birth weight SD score, fat percentage, fasting insulin (all positive predictors), and free fatty acids (negative predictor), with age, puberty, and baseline IGF-1 as adjusting variables (multiple R = 0.73, P < .0001). Independent predictors of the percentage of change in IGF-1 were birth weight SD score, fat percentage, and baseline IGF-1 (multiple R = 0.43, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that in cases of low birth weight, intrauterine programming of GH sensitivity may be an adaptation to an expected poor postnatal nutritional environment, serving to restrict the anabolic action of GH. Conversely, postnatal excess energy stores may promote the anabolic action of GH.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Do., N.B.-N., M.F., A.De., R.C.), Biochemistry (E.M., F.B.d.C.), and Neonatology (G.G.), University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Donzeau
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Do., N.B.-N., M.F., A.De., R.C.), Biochemistry (E.M., F.B.d.C.), and Neonatology (G.G.), University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Natacha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bouhours-Nouet
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Do., N.B.-N., M.F., A.De., R.C.), Biochemistry (E.M., F.B.d.C.), and Neonatology (G.G.), University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Mathilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fauchard
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Do., N.B.-N., M.F., A.De., R.C.), Biochemistry (E.M., F.B.d.C.), and Neonatology (G.G.), University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Decrequy
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Do., N.B.-N., M.F., A.De., R.C.), Biochemistry (E.M., F.B.d.C.), and Neonatology (G.G.), University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mathieu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Do., N.B.-N., M.F., A.De., R.C.), Biochemistry (E.M., F.B.d.C.), and Neonatology (G.G.), University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boux de Casson
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Do., N.B.-N., M.F., A.De., R.C.), Biochemistry (E.M., F.B.d.C.), and Neonatology (G.G.), University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gascoin
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Do., N.B.-N., M.F., A.De., R.C.), Biochemistry (E.M., F.B.d.C.), and Neonatology (G.G.), University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Régis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coutant
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I