title: Bacterial spread from cell to cell: beyond actin-based motility.
abstract: Several intracellular pathogens display the ability to propagate within host tissues by displaying actin-based motility in the cytosol of infected cells. As motile bacteria reach cell-cell contacts they form plasma membrane protrusions that project into adjacent cells and resolve into vacuoles from which the pathogen escapes, thereby achieving spread from cell to cell. Seminal studies have defined the bacterial and cellular factors that support actin-based motility. By contrast, the mechanisms supporting the formation of protrusions and their resolution into vacuoles have remained elusive. Here, we review recent advances in the field showing that Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella flexneri have evolved pathogen-specific mechanisms of bacterial spread from cell to cell.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Carole J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kuehl
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Ana-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dragoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talman
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. Electronic address: herve.agaisse@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Agaisse
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D022081:Cell Surface Extensions / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003600:Cytosol / Q000382:microbiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000382:microbiology; D009068:Movement; D012763:Shigella flexneri / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins
keywords: Listeria monocytogenes; Shigella flexneri; double-membrane vacuole; membrane protrusion; spread from cell to cell