title: Expression of Toll-like receptor signaling-related genes in pigs co-infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2.
abstract: Pigs co-infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) have been shown to develop more severe diseases than pigs infected with PRRSV or PCV2 only. The underlying interaction mechanisms between the two viruses in developing the disease are unclear. The present study investigates the mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling-related molecules in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pigs infected with PRRSV or PCV2 or both. The mRNA expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Co-infection of pigs with PRRSV and PCV2 resulted in a negatively synergistic effect on the mRNA expression of the negative regulators of TLR, including A20, Bcl-3, IRAK-M, MKP-1, SARM1 and SIGIRR, as well as the TLR downstream transcription factors IRF-1 and IRF-3. A positively synergistic effect of a combined infection of PRRSV and PCV2 on the CD14 mRNA expression was also observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Van Hieu
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Pang-Yan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Pei-Chun
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yi-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Luan
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan 26041, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Tsun-Yung
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Ming-Tang
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: cnlin6@mail.npust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chao-Nan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: wbchung@mail.npust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Bin
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D017925:Circovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000821:virology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: Co-infection; Porcine circovirus type 2; Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; Signaling-related molecules; Toll-like receptors