title: Advanced aqueous rechargeable lithium battery using nanoparticulate LiTi2(PO4)3/C as a superior anode.
abstract: Poor cycling performance arising from the instability of anode is still a main challenge for aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries (ARLB). In the present work, a high performance LiTi2(PO4)3/C composite has been achieved by a novel and facile preparation method associated with an in-situ carbon coating approach. The LiTi2(PO4)3/C nanoparticles show high purity and the carbon layer is very uniform. When used as an anode material, the ARLB of LiTi2(PO4)3/C//LiMn2O4 delivered superior cycling stability with a capacity retention of 90% after 300 cycles at 30 mA g(-1) and 84% at 150 mA g(-1) over 1300 cycles. It also demonstrated excellent rate capability with reversible discharge capacities of 115 and 89 mAh g(-1) (based on the mass of anode) at 15 and 1500 mA g(-1), respectively. The superior electrochemical properties should be mainly ascribed to the high performance of LiTi2(PO4)3/C anode, benefiting from its nanostructure, high-quality carbon coating, appropriate crystal structure and excellent electrode surface stability as verified by Raman spectra, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P.R China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P.R China.
authors.forename: Yifan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: 1] College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P.R China [2] Advanced Research Centre, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China [3] State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P.R China.
authors.forename: Guoqing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Advanced Research Centre, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kejian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P.R China.
authors.forename: Suqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1] College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P.R China [2] Advanced Research Centre, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yougen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P.R China.
authors.forename: Younian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, 415000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaobing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang