title: Alginate fouling reduction of functionalized carbon nanotube blended cellulose acetate membrane in forward osmosis.
abstract: Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube blended cellulose acetate (fCNT-CA) membranes were synthesized for forward osmosis (FO) through phase inversion. The membranes were characterized through SEM, FTIR, and water contact angle measurement. AFM was utilized to investigate alginate fouling mechanism on the membrane. It reveals that the fCNT contributes to advance alginate fouling resistance in FO (57% less normalized water flux decline for 1% fCNT-CA membrane was observed than that for bare CA membrane), due to enhanced electrostatic repulsion between the membrane and the alginate foulant. Furthermore, it was found that the fCNT-CA membranes became more hydrophilic due to carboxylic groups in functionalized carbon nanotube, resulting in approximately 50% higher water-permeated flux than bare CA membrane. This study presents not only the fabrication of fCNT-CA membrane and its application to FO, but also the quantification of the beneficial role of fCNT with respect to alginate fouling in FO.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeon-Gyu
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: SangHyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, 32260 Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Evrim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi 446-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seoktae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Center for Membranes, Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hosik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Engineering, The University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chul Hwi
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hcchoi@gist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Heechul
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates; D057219:Biofouling; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D009995:Osmosis; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; C005062:acetylcellulose; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: Alginate fouling; Carbon nanotube; Electrostatic repulsion; Forward osmosis; Nano-enhanced membrane