title: Low-dose capecitabine adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly stage II/III colorectal cancer patients (LC-ACEC): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Over half of the patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer after 70 years of age. The choice of the most suitable chemotherapy strategy is the major challenge for elderly patients. Previous trials indicated that elderly patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer obtained no significant benefits from oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Therefore, single-agent oral capecitabine is regarded as an effective alternative with retained efficacy and improved flexibility. However, the optimal dose of capecitabine for elderly patients remains controversial. Recent studies have adopted a low-dose strategy (1,000 mg/m(2)) for elderly patients, but the long-term efficacy of this strategy has not been identified so far. Thus, we designed this trial to investigate non-inferiority of the lower-dose strategy of capecitabine compared with the approved-dose strategy for adjuvant chemotherapy of elderly patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  LC-ACEC (Low-dose Capecitabine Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients With Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer) is a prospective, randomized, open-label, non-inferiority phase III clinical trial including 926 eligible patients. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive a capecitabine adjuvant chemotherapy strategy of lower dose (1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 of every 21 days) or approved dose (1,250 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 of every 21 days). The primary outcome is 3-year disease-free survival. Secondary outcomes include 3-year overall survival, toxic and side effects during treatment, completion rate, and quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a low-dose strategy of capecitabine in adjuvant chemotherapy of elderly patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer, and the results are believed to provide new evidence on the treatment of elderly patients with colorectal cancer.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02316535 (Dec. 12, 2014).
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. yazhou_he@foxmail.com.|West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. yazhou_he@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Yazhou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, # 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, PR. China. pingliu_kunming@163.com.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. hxyc_zhang@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuanchuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. xbdeng_doctor@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiangbing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. wenjmhxwc@126.com.
authors.forename: Wenjian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. mingtwei@126.com.
authors.forename: Mingtian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. yangthwch@126.com.
authors.forename: Tinghan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. wangzqzyh@126.com.
authors.forename: Ziqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, # 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR. China. qiumeng333@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000069287:Capecitabine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002681:China; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003082:Colectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012107:Research Design; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D000069287:Capecitabine