title: Antigen-Loaded Upconversion Nanoparticles for Dendritic Cell Stimulation, Tracking, and Vaccination in Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy.
abstract: A dendritic cell (DC) vaccine, which is based on efficient antigen delivery into DCs and migration of antigen-pulsed DCs to draining lymph nodes after vaccination, is an effective strategy in initiating CD8(+) T cell immunity for immunotherapy. Herein, antigen-loaded upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are used to label and stimulate DCs, which could be precisely tracked after being injected into animals and induce an antigen-specific immune response. It is discovered that a model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), could be adsorbed on the surface of dual-polymer-coated UCNPs via electrostatic interaction, forming nanoparticle-antigen complexes, which are efficiently engulfed by DCs and induce DC maturation and cytokine release. Highly sensitive in vivo upconversion luminescence (UCL) imaging of nanoparticle-labeled DCs is successfully carried out, observing the homing of DCs to draining lymph nodes after injection. In addition, strong antigen-specific immune responses including enhanced T cell proliferation, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated responses are induced by a nanoparticle-pulsed DC vaccine, which is promising for DC-based immunotherapy potentially against cancer.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Ligeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Wenwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Liangzhu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Zhuang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002470:Cell Survival; D058948:Cell Tracking; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D049449:Luminescence; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines
keywords: DC vaccine; UCNP; immunotherapy; sensitive tracking