title: Bisphenol-A plasma levels are related to inflammatory markers, visceral obesity and insulin-resistance: a cross-sectional study on adult male population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The current increase of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) focuses attention on bisphenol-A (BPA), "obesogen" endocrine disruptor, main plastic component. Aim was to verify the role of BPA in metabolic alterations, insulin resistance, low grade inflammation and visceral obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was performed in 76 out of 139 environmentally exposed adult males, unselected Caucasian subjects, enrolled by routine health survey at the "Federico II" University of Naples outpatient facilities. BPA plasma levels (ELISA), metabolic risk factors, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were performed. Clinical and biochemical parameters have been compared with BPA and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 24 subjects out of 76 (32%) presented with waist circumference (WC) >102 cm, 36 (47%) had impaired fasting glucose and 24 (32%) subjects had insulin resistance [11 out 52 (21%) with WC ≤102 cm and 13 out of 24 with WC >102 cm (54%), χ(2) 6.825, p = 0.009]. BPA and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly higher in subjects with visceral adiposity (WC > 102 cm). BPA correlated with WC, triglycerides, glucose homeostasis and inflammatory markers. At the multivariate analysis WC and IL-6 remained the main predictors of BPA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detectable BPA plasma levels have been found also in our population. The strictly association between BPA and WC, components of MS, and inflammatory markers, further supports the BPA role in visceral obesity-related low grade chronic inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. sisavast@unina.it.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savastano
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. tarantin@unina.it.|INT "Fondazione Pascale", Cancer Research Center of Mercogliano, 83013, Mercogliano, AV, Italy. tarantin@unina.it.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tarantino
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. vdesposito@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: D'Esposito
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. federica.passaretti@virgilio.it.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Passaretti
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. serenacabaro@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cabaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. tonialiotti@virgilio.it.
authors.forename: Antonietta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liotti
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Council of Research (CNR), "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. d.liguoro@ieos.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liguoro
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Council of Research (CNR), "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. gperruolo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perruolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. fabiana_ariemma@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Fabiana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ariemma
authors.affiliation: Center of Obesity and Eating Disorders, Stella Maris Mediterraneum Foundation, C/da S. Lucia, Chiaromonte, Potenza, Italy. carminefinelli74@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Finelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. beguino@unina.it.|Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Council of Research (CNR), "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. beguino@unina.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beguinot
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. fpietro@unina.it.|Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Council of Research (CNR), "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. fpietro@unina.it.
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Formisano
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Council of Research (CNR), "Federico II" University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. rossvalentino@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valentino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood*; D010636:Phenols / Q000097:blood*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D055105:Waist Circumference; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds