title: High-internal-phase-emulsion polymeric monolith coupled with liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for enrichment and sensitive detection of trace cytokinins in plant samples.
abstract: High-internal-phase-emulsion polymers (polyHIPEs) show great promise as solid-phase-extraction (SPE) materials because of the tremendous porosity and highly interconnected framework afforded by the high-internal-phase-emulsion (HIPE) technique. In this work, polyHIPE monolithic columns as novel SPE materials were prepared and applied to trace enrichment of cytokinins (CKs) from complex plant samples. The polyHIPE monoliths were synthesized via the in-situ polymerization of the continuous phase of a HIPE containing styrene (STY) and divinylbenzene (DVB) in a stainless column, and revealed highly efficient and selective enrichment ability for aromatic compounds. Under the optimized experimental conditions, a method using a monolithic polyHIPE column combined with liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) was developed for the simultaneous extraction and sensitive determination of trans-zeatin (tZ), meta-topolin (mT), kinetin (K), and kinetin riboside (KR). The proposed method had good linearity, with correlation coefficients (R (2)) from 0.9957 to 0.9984, and low detection limits (LODs, S/N = 3) in the range 2.4-47 pg mL(-1) for the four CKs. The method was successfully applied to the determination of CKs in real plant samples, and obtained good recoveries ranging from 68.8 % to 103.0 % and relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 16 %.
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China, dufu2005@126.com.
authors.forename: Fuyou
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Honggang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Yanjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Guihua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003583:Cytokinins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D013343:Styrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry*; D014753:Vinyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003583:Cytokinins; D004655:Emulsions; D011108:Polymers; D013343:Styrenes; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; C493734:polyHIPE; C004985:divinyl benzene