title: Development of a screening program to assess motor function in the adult population: a cross-sectional observational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Motor dysfunction is a major reason why the elderly lose their independence in their daily lives. The concept of locomotive syndrome has been proposed to describe the risk of mobility dependence caused by various locomotive organ disorders. The preservation of locomotive organs is now socially important in the middle-aged and geriatric population. Therefore, it is important to establish a screening program to evaluate motor function and related quality of life in a wide range of ages.
  
  
  METHODS
  We propose a new set of pre-existing scales (the Two-Step test, Stand-Up test, and 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale) as screening tools to identify the population at high risk for locomotive syndrome. We performed a preliminary survey on 777 subjects who had no apparent disorders related to motor function. We also examined the reliability of the Two-Step test and Stand-Up test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that each scale did not show ceiling or floor effects in various age groups. Because the correlations between the three scales were significant but weak, we assume that each scale covers different aspects of mobility. The test-retest reliability was found to be satisfactory for the Two-Step test and the Stand-Up test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that our "Short Test Battery for Locomotive syndrome" is a feasible and reliable tool for screening the adult population as a preventative strategy for locomotive syndrome in a super-aged society.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, 4-1, Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. ogata-toru@rehab.go.jp.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9011-8640
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.affiliation: Kameda Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muranaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ina Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohe
authors.affiliation: Keiyu Joint Reconstruction Center, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Izumida
authors.affiliation: Department of Joint Disease Research, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Saitama, Tokorozawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwaya
authors.affiliation: National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Saitama, Tokorozawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016730:Program Development; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult