title: Women's preferences for selective estrogen reuptake modulators: an investigation using the time trade-off technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) reduce the risk of breast cancer for women at increased risk by 38%. However, uptake is extremely low and the reasons for this are not completely understood. The aims of this study were to utilize time trade-off methods to determine the degree of risk reduction required to make taking SERMs worthwhile to women, and the factors associated with requiring greater risk reduction to take SERMs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women at increased risk of breast cancer (N = 107) were recruited from two familial cancer clinics in Australia. Participants completed a questionnaire either online or in pen and paper format. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, there was considerable heterogeneity in the degree of risk reduction required to make taking SERMs worthwhile. Women with higher perceived breast cancer risk and those with stronger intentions to undergo (or who had undergone) an oophorectomy required a smaller degree of risk reduction to consider taking SERMs worthwhile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women at increased familial risk appear motivated to consider SERMs for prevention. A tailored approach to communicating about medical prevention is essential. Health professionals could usefully highlight the absolute (rather than relative) probability of side effects and take into account an individual's perceived (rather than objective) risk of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006 Australia.
authors.forename: Angelique F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Ralph
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006 Australia.
authors.forename: Brittany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ager
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006 Australia ; Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Sydney, New SouthWales 2006 Australia ; Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724 USA.
authors.forename: Melanie L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002 Australia.
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, 147 Barker Street, Randwick, New South Wales 2031 Australia.
authors.forename: Lesley
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.affiliation: Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, 147 Barker Street, Randwick, New South Wales 2031 Australia.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.affiliation: School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales 2031 Australia.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.affiliation: Sir Peter MacCallum Dept. of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010 Australia.
authors.forename: Kelly-Anne
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006 Australia ; Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Sydney, New SouthWales 2006 Australia ; Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006 Australia.
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Butow
keywords: BRCA1; Breast cancer; Chemoprevention; Patient preferences; SERMs