title: DNA barcoding reveals species level divergence between populations of the microhylid frog genus Arcovomer (Anura: Microhylidae) in the Atlantic Rainforest of southeastern Brazil.
abstract: The microhylid frogs belonging to the genus Arcovomer have been reported from lowland Atlantic Rainforest in the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. Here, we use DNA barcoding to assess levels of genetic divergence between apparently isolated populations in Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. Our mtDNA data consisting of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) nucleotide sequences reveals 13.2% uncorrected and 30.4% TIM2 + I + Γ corrected genetic divergences between these two populations. This level of divergence exceeds the suggested 10% uncorrected divergence threshold for elevating amphibian populations to candidate species using this marker, which implies that the Espírito Santo population is a species distinct from Arcovomer passarellii. Calibration of our model-corrected sequence divergence estimates suggests that the time of population divergence falls between 12 and 29 million years ago.
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Vertebrados , Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil and.
authors.forename: W Bryan
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Vertebrados , Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil and.|b Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda - UniFOA, Avenida Paulo Erlei Alves Abrantes , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil.
authors.forename: Henrique
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wogel
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Vertebrados , Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil and.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bilate
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Vertebrados , Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil and.
authors.forename: Rodrigo de O L
authors.initials: Rde O
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Vertebrados , Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil and.
authors.forename: Paulo A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Buckup
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000592:standards; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D060047:Reproductive Isolation
chemical_list: D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
keywords: COI calibration; Candidate species; Mitochondrial DNA; cryptic species; molecular clock; phylogeography