title: A CT-scan database for the facial soft tissue thickness of Taiwan adults.
abstract: Facial reconstruction is a branch of forensic anthropology used to assist in the identification of skeletal remains. The majority of facial reconstruction techniques use facial soft tissue depth chart data to recreate facial tissue on a skull or a model of a skull through the use of modeling clay. This study relied on 193 subjects selected from the Taiwanese population on the basis of age and gender to determine the average values of 32 landmarks, include midline and bilateral measures, by means of CT scans. The mean age of the subjects was 46.9±16.4 years, with a mean age of 43.8±16.6 for males and 49.9±15.8 for females respectively. There were 16 landmarks with statistically significant differences between male and female subjects, namely S, G, N, Na, Ph, Sd and Id in the midline portion, FE, LO, ZA and Sub M2 in the bilateral-right and left portion, and IM point in the bilateral-left portion (abbreviations adapted from Karen T. Taylor's work). The mean soft tissue depth was greater in males than in females, and there was significant difference between the right and left sides of the face in Za point. This study's findings were compared with those of Bulut et al.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ju-Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Yi
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Guo-Shu
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: kpshaw596@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kai-Ping
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks; D044466:Asian People; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D018732:Forensic Anthropology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013624:Taiwan; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Computerized tomography (CT); Facial reconstruction; Facial soft tissue thickness; Forensic anthropology population data