title: Role of ultraosonography in grading of penile fractures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Penile fracture is an uncommon and less reported condition. Early diagnosis with corrective measures is the order of the day.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To perform ultrasonography of penis and to understand its role in making correct diagnosis of fractures. To know how it will help surgeon in its management and in adopting a grading system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Emergency evaluation of 15 cases of penile fractures by ultrasonography before surgery. Entire penis was scanned all along its length and circumference. Tunica albugenia was seen as white covering of both corpora cavernosa and break in its continuity is seen as wedge shape defect. Hematoma on either sides of tunica was well appreciated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After ultrasonography all patients underwent emergency surgery, the defect in corpora was well appreciated. Repair of tunica albugenia was done which confirmed our findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasonography is the modality of choice for quick diagnosis, and no other radiological workup is required before surgery.
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Surgery, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Bhagavan
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Sanjay
authors.affiliation: Professor & HOD, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krishnappa
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: Ramaiah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sahadev
authors.affiliation: Former Professor & HOD, Department of Surgery, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences , Bangalore, India .
authors.forename: Satish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: V
keywords: Corpora cavernosa; Corpora spongiosa; Tunica albugenia