title: Early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy in primary care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of a strategy for early detection of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) in Quintana Roo, México.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study transversal, observational, prospective, analytical, eight primary care units from Mexican Social Security Institute in the northern delegation of the State of Quintana Roo, Mexico were included. A program for early detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adult 376,169 was designed. Were diagnosed 683 cases of type 2 diabetes, in 105 patients randomized was conducted to direct ophthalmoscopy were subjected to a secondary hospital were assigned. Will determine the degree of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In population were 55.2% female, mean age 48+11.1 years, 23.8 % had some degree of DR, 28.0% with mild non- proliferative diabetic retinopathy 48.0 % moderate 16.0% and severe and 8.0% showed proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Those over age 30 are 2.8 times more risk of developing DR, OR= 2.8; 95%CI: 0.42-18.0, and OR= 1.7; 95%CI: 1.02-2.95 women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of programs aimed at the early detection of debilitating conditions such as diabetic retinopathy health impact beneficiaries, effective links between primary care systems and provide second level positive health outcomes for patient diseases.
authors.affiliation: Coordinación Auxiliar de Investigación en Salud, IMSS Quintana Roo, Cancún, Mexico ; Clinical and epidemiological research group of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Quintana Roo. Cancún, Mexico.
authors.forename: Maria Valeria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Baez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiopatías Congénitas, Hospital de Cardiología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, México, Distrito Federal. ; Clinical and epidemiological research group of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Quintana Roo. Cancún, Mexico.
authors.forename: Horacio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marquez-Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital Gineco Pediatría No. 07. Cancún Quintana Roo, Mexico ; Clinical and epidemiological research group of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Quintana Roo. Cancún, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barcenas-Contreras
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Regional No 17, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Quintana Roo. Cancún, Mexico ; Clinical and epidemiological research group of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Quintana Roo. Cancún, Mexico.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morales Montoya
authors.affiliation: Hospital General de Zona No. 3. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Quintana Roo. Cancún, Mexico ; Clinical and epidemiological research group of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Quintana Roo. Cancún, Mexico.
authors.forename: Laura Fatima
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Espinosa-Garcia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: diabetes mellitus type 2; diabetic macular edema; diabetic retinopathy