title: Risk factors for idiopathic cystitis in Norwegian cats: a matched case-control study.
abstract: The aim of the study was to compare a group of cats with feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) with a group of control cats without present or previous signs of lower urinary tract disease in order to identify factors in characteristics, personality, behaviour, environment and daily life that would make them more susceptible to the disease.
  
  
  
  The study was a matched case-control study comparing results from telephone interviews based on a standardised questionnaire. The questions were organised into six subject groups: the characteristics of the cat; the cat's environment; the presence of other pets in the household; the cat's feeding and drinking regime; management of the cat's litter box; and the cat's opportunity to perform natural behaviour.
  
  
  
  The results from the present study showed that a cat diagnosed with FIC was more likely to be overweight and to be of a nervous disposition than the control cats. In addition, several differences between cases and controls were detected at a univariable level of analysis, related to outdoor access and the cats' perceived safety and comfort in their home environments. While not significant after multivariable analysis, these variables may still be of importance owing to potential interrelations.
  
  
  
  Several significant differences between cats with FIC and control cats were revealed, and the results support the hypothesis of environmental stress as being a potential factor in the development of FIC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway heidi.sjetne.lund@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Heidi S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Bente K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Sævik
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Øystein W
authors.initials: ØW
authors.lastname: Finstad
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Elin T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Grøntvedt
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Terese
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vatne
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Anna V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Eggertsdóttir
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002415:Cats; D003556:Cystitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires