title: Serum soluble CD40 ligand levels after acute intracerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) is associated with inflammation. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of sCD40L for clinical outcomes of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The serum sCD40L levels of 110 patients and 110 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were measured using sandwich immunoassays. The relationships between serum sCD40L levels and 1-week mortality, 6-month mortality, 6-month overall survival, 6-month unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score >2), and ICH severity including hematoma volume and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score were assessed using multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with healthy controls, ICH patients had higher serum sCD40L levels. Serum sCD40L levels were correlated positively with hematoma volumes and NIHSS scores using a multivariate linear regression. Multivariate analysis results indicated that sCD40L was identified an independent predictor of 1-week mortality, 6-month mortality, 6-month unfavorable outcome and 6-month overall survival. sCD40L also showed high predictive performances for 1-week mortality, 6-month mortality and 6-month unfavorable outcome based on receiver operating characteristic curve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated serum sCD40L levels are independently associated with ICH severity and clinical outcomes. And sCD40L has potential to be a good prognostic biomarker of ICH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Jinhua City, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: X-F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of clinical laboratory, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: X-L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Ten
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: X-B
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020145:Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000097:blood*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D023201:CD40 Ligand
keywords: intracerebral hemorrhage; prognosis; severity; soluble CD40 ligand