title: Facial Peri-implant Soft Tissue Topography of Posterior Single Implant-Supported Restorations and Relationship to Adjacent Teeth: A Retrospective Analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the factors affecting facial peri-implant mucosa topography of posterior single implant-supported restorations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cohort comprised 25 patients with a single implant-supported restoration with platform switching and Morse taper-connection implants. Patients were divided into three groups based on facial soft tissue topography. Patients of group A (n = 8), group B (n = 9), and group C (n = 8) had a facial peri-implant tissue margin at the level of, coronal to, and apical to the zenith of the facial gingival margins of the adjacent teeth, respectively. Variables possibly associated with the facial peri-implant tissue margin level were obtained from clinical measurements, periapical radiographs, and cone beam computed tomograms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implants in group C were placed in a more subcrestal position than implants of group B (1.50 ± 0.53 mm vs 0.44 ± 0.88 mm). Implants in group C had their platform in a more apical position in relation to the bone level of the adjacent teeth than implants of group B (3.45 ± 1.32 mm vs 1.53 ± 1.17 mm). The horizontal distance between adjacent teeth was greater for group C than for group A and group B (13.53 ± 2.37 mm vs 10.65 ± 2.09 mm and 9.82 ± 1.77 mm, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, facial peri-implant mucosa margins for implants in the posterior region with platform switching and a Morse taper connection were significantly affected by the distances from the implant platform to the buccal aspect of the ridge at the time of implant placement and from the implant platform to the bone level of the adjacent teeth and by the horizontal spaces between the adjacent teeth.
authors.forename: Theofilos
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koutouzis
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Podaru
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Neiva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D059605:Dental Implant-Abutment Design; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014070:Tooth / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016896:Treatment Outcome