title: Green chemistry focus on optimization of silver nanoparticles using response surface methodology (RSM) and mosquitocidal activity: Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae).
abstract: There is an exigent necessity for development of environmental friendly bio-control agent(s) for elimination of mosquito due to increased resistance resurgence against synthetic control agents. Mosquito control strategy will lay a strong foundation to malaria exclusion or it can be curbed to certain level especially in the developing nations. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by green chemistry approach using Tridax procumbens leaf extract as a reducing agent. The reaction medium involved in the synthesis process was optimized by statistical experimental design using response surface methodology to obtain better yield, uniform size, shape and stability. Further, these synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed through UV-Visible, FT-IR spectroscopy, PSA and SEM Subsequently, the bioefficacy of these particles were investigated on Anopheles stephensi for larvicidal and pupicidal activity. Interestingly, time period of 90 min, temperature of 76±2 °C, pH 7.2±2, 2 mM silver nitrate (AgNO3), 3mM PEG and 2mM PVP showed excellent parameters for bioprocess design for large scale production of stabilized nanoparticles. A concentration of 5 ppm of PVP stabilized nanoparticles exhibited 100% mortality. Thus, the obtained results clearly suggest that silver nanoparticles stabilized by PEG and PVP may have important function as stabilizers, dispersants as well as larvicides for mosquito control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam University, Coimbatore 641 021, India. Electronic address: bioinfomelone@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Erick
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ondari Nyakundi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam University, Coimbatore 641 021, India. Electronic address: dr.nalini27@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M Nalini
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Padmanabhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009032:Mosquito Control; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011205:Povidone / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D012835:Silver Nitrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012834:Silver; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012835:Silver Nitrate; D011205:Povidone
keywords: Anopheles stephensi; Mosquitocidal; PEG; PVP; RSM; Tridax procumbens