title: Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation from living donor using hand-assisted laparoscopic donor surgery: single-center experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation has been the fundamental treatment and has shown significant results in selected patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes with renal insufficiency. Most pancreas transplantations are dependent on deceased donors, yet the waiting time for SPK transplantation from deceased donors is significantly long in Asian countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 3 cases, living-donor SPK transplantation was performed with the use of hand-assisted laparoscopic donor surgery (HALS). Three cases of patients who underwent SPK transplantation from living donors (LDSPK) with the use of HALS at Korea University Anam Hospital from 2012 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed regarding patient characteristics and clinical outcomes of donors and recipients. For the donors, the pancreas and renal function had been well preserved postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One donor had a pancreatic fistula, which was controlled with conservative management. Of the 3 cases of recipient operation, 1 case was performed by ABO incompatibility donor. The levels of creatinine, serum insulin, and C-peptide of recipients were normalized and remained stable at the last follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LDSPK can be an efficient alternative in cases in which the deceased donor is not present at the proper time, depending on the degree of completion in the operator's skill.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Medical University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
authors.forename: K-T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: M-G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Boo
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: cwjung@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006085:Graft Survival; D058733:Hand-Assisted Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome