title: A Bamboo-Inspired Nanostructure Design for Flexible, Foldable, and Twistable Energy Storage Devices.
abstract: Flexible energy storage devices are critical components for emerging flexible electronics. Electrode design is key in the development of all-solid-state supercapacitors with superior electrochemical performances and mechanical durability. Herein, we propose a bamboo-like graphitic carbon nanofiber with a well-balanced macro-, meso-, and microporosity, enabling excellent mechanical flexibility, foldability, and electrochemical performances. Our design is inspired by the structure of bamboos, where a periodic distribution of interior holes along the length and graded pore structure at the cross section not only enhance their stability under different mechanical deformation conditions but also provide a high surface area accessible to the electrolyte and low ion-transport resistance. The prepared nanofiber network electrode recovers its initial state easily after 3-folded manipulation. The mechanically robust membrane is explored as a free-standing electrode for a flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor. Without the need for extra support, the volumetric energy and power densities based on the whole device are greatly improved compared to the state-of-the-art devices. Even under continuous dynamic operations of forceful bending (90°) and twisting (180°), the as-designed device still exhibits stable electrochemical performances with 100% capacitance retention. Such a unique supercapacitor holds great promise for high-performance flexible electronics.
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: ∥Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States.
authors.forename: Ryan B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Sills
authors.forename: Xianluo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Zhi Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Seh
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Henghui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Huanyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: #School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Tianqi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: #School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhaoliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Yunhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: ○Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018583:Pliability; D006109:Poaceae; D016062:Porosity
keywords: Bamboo-like carbon nanofibers; electrochemical performances; mechanical properties; supercapacitor