title: Evaluation of neonatal circumcision training for resident doctors in a developing country.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a high prevalence of neonatal circumcision (NC) in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, when providers do not have adequate training on the procedure, neonatal circumcision can result in complications. There are indications that the reported high complication rate of NC in the current setting might be a reflection of inadequate training of the providers. In order to establish a framework for better training of providers of NC, it may be necessary to evaluate the providers' opinions of their training and competence of the procedure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The opinions of surgical, paediatric, and obstetrics-gynaecology resident doctors were evaluated for their exposure to, training on and perceived competence of neonatal circumcision.
  
  
  METHODS
  The resident doctors in surgery, paediatrics and obstetrics-gynaecology (OBGYN) at two teaching hospitals in southeastern Nigeria were surveyed using a self-developed questionnaire. The self-assessment survey evaluated the residents' exposure and training on NC, and their perceived competence of the procedure. The responses from the different specialties were compared. Data were analysed using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The summary of findings is shown in Table below: The confidence in the ability to perform the NC did not significantly differ between the sexes (male 53/87 vs female 6/15; P = 0.22) and the level of training (SHO, Senior house officer 7/17, Registrar 24/42, senior registrar 28/43; P = 0.24).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A substantial proportion of residents who encountered neonatal circumcision considered their training in NC to be sub-optimal, despite their perceived exposure to the procedure. Notwithstanding this deficiency of training, the majority of the residents planned to perform NC and this presaged an expectedly higher rate of complications. Well-thought-out and structured training, comprising lectures, workshops and hands-on training, for the resident doctors and the other providers of NC might address these shortcomings and minimise complications. This may further be strengthened with a government policy on circumcision. The limitations of the study included: (1) It was a self-assessment survey and this introduced bias in the assessment of competency; (2) There were no outcome measures in the survey for those who had practical exposure vs those who did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The resident doctors perceived that their exposure, training and competence in NC might be sub-optimal. Curriculum modification that incorporates appropriate hands-on training in NC might address these deficiencies.
authors.affiliation: Sub Department of Paediatric Surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria. Electronic address: sebekenze@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Ekenze
authors.affiliation: Sub Department of Paediatric Surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria. Electronic address: jidehils@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Ugwu
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria. Electronic address: okechukwu.onumaegbu@unn.edu.ng.
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Onumaegbu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019093:Circumcision, Female / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D002944:Circumcision, Male / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education*
keywords: Circumcision; Developing country; Neonates; Residency training