title: Predictors and patterns of fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective, longitudinal study examined fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) among breast cancer survivors having mammograms. FCR was hypothesized to increase prior to the mammogram, decrease from immediately pre- to immediately post-mammogram with negative results, and then increase following the mammogram. The possible presence of different trajectories of FCR was also examined. Based on the cognitive-behavioral model (CBM) of health anxiety, greater perceived risk of recurrence, worse perceived consequences of recurrence, lower treatment efficacy beliefs, lower coping self-efficacy, and more engagement in reassurance-seeking behaviors were hypothesized to be associated with greater FCR across all study time points.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following treatment completion for Stage 0-IIIA breast cancer, 161 women completed the following measures: perceived risk and perceived consequences of recurrence, treatment efficacy beliefs, coping self-efficacy, and reassurance-seeking behaviors. Participants reported FCR at 3 time points before and 3 after the mammogram. Growth curve analysis was used to test for changes in FCR over time and growth mixture modeling examined different trajectories in FCR and the ability of the CBM to predict these trajectories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As hypothesized, FCR significantly changed over time; scores increased prior to the mammogram, decreased immediately following receipt of negative mammography results, and increased during the month following the mammogram. Growth mixture models revealed 2 classes, higher-FCR and lower-FCR, which were predicted by the CBM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These study findings support the use of the CBM in predicting which cancer survivors experience greater FCR and indicates that CBM-driven interventions may prove beneficial for reducing distressing FCR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of South Florida.
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4132-1006
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: McGinty
authors.affiliation: School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida.
authors.forename: Brent J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Small
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of South Florida.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laronga
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of South Florida.
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008327:Mammography / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data