title: Risk factors for developing active tuberculosis after the treatment of latent tuberculosis in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death among adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and rates of tuberculosis remain high even after preventive therapy. Among 908 HIV-infected adults in a trial of preventive treatment, we found self-reported alcohol consumption, low baseline CD4 count, high baseline viral load, and tuberculin skin test size >15 mm as independent risk factors for incident tuberculosis.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Kojo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amoakwa
authors.affiliation: Perinatal HIV Research Unit , University of Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa ; Johns Hopkins University Center for Tuberculosis Research , Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Neil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Martinson
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Lawrence H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Moulton
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Center for Tuberculosis Research , Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Grace L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.affiliation: Perinatal HIV Research Unit , University of Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa.
authors.forename: Reginah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Msandiwa
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, Maryland ; Johns Hopkins University Center for Tuberculosis Research , Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Chaisson
keywords: HIV-infected adults; baseline; latent tuberculosis; preventive therapy; risk