title: Severe respiratory failure due to co-infection with human metapneumovirus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
abstract: A 64-year-old male patient was admitted with respiratory failure, although chest X-rays revealed only mild bronchiolitis. Streptococcus pneumoniae, which usually presents as massive lobular pneumonia, was isolated from sputum, however, pan-pathogen screening using a next-generation sequencer also detected human metapneumovirus genome fragments.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.affiliation: Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Motooka
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Norihisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clinical of Clinical Research on Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akeda
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.affiliation: Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomono
keywords: Co-infection; Human metapneumovirus; Next-generation sequencer; Real-time PCR; Streptococcus pneumoniae