title: A faculty development program integrating cross-cultural care into a gastrointestinal pathophysiology tutorial benefits students, tutors, and the course.
abstract: A specific faculty development program for tutors to teach cross-cultural care in a preclinical gastrointestinal pathophysiology course with weekly longitudinal followup sessions was designed in 2007 and conducted in the same manner over a 6-yr period. Anonymous student evaluations of how "frequently" the course and the tutor were actively teaching cross-cultural care were performed. The statements "This tutor actively teaches culturally competent care" and "Issues of culture and ethnicity were addressed" were significantly improved over baseline 2004 data. These increases were sustained over the 6-yr period. A tutor's overall rating as a teacher was moderately correlated with his/her "frequently" actively teaching cross-cultural care (r = 0.385, P < 0. 001). Course evaluation scores were excellent and put the course into the group of preclinical courses with the top ratings. Students in the Race in Curriculum Group asked that the program be expanded to other preclinical courses. In conclusion, from 2007 to 2012, a faculty development program for teaching cross-cultural care consistently increased the discussion of cross-cultural care in the tutorial and course over each year beginning with 2007 compared with the baseline year of 2004. Our data suggest that cross-cultural care can be effectively integrated into pathophysiology tutorials and helps improve students' satisfaction and tutors' ratings. Teaching cross-cultural care in a pathophysiology tutorial did not detract from the course's overall evaluations, which remained in the top group over the 6-yr period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; hmshields@partners.org.
authors.forename: Helen M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Leffler
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts;
authors.forename: Antoinette S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Boston, Boston, Massachusetts;
authors.forename: Roxana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Llerena-Quinn
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;
authors.forename: Vinod E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Nambudiri
authors.affiliation: Program in Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;
authors.forename: Augustus A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors.forename: Jane N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Hayward
authors.affiliation: Center for Evaluation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pelletier
mesh_terms: D065246:Culturally Competent Care; D003479:Curriculum; D004497:Education, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D004522:Educational Status; D005180:Faculty, Medical; D005260:Female; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000193:education*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D015397:Program Evaluation; D013192:Staff Development / Q000379:methods*; D013335:Students, Dental; D013337:Students, Medical; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: cross-cultural care; faculty development program; pathophysiology; tutorial