title: Steroidogenic differential effects in neonatal porcine Leydig cells exposed to persistent organic pollutants derived from cod liver oil.
abstract: Seafood products, including fish and fish oils, are major sources of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which may cause endocrine disruption related to reproductive dysfunction in males. Primary porcine neonatal Leydig cells were exposed to three extracts of POPs obtained from different stages in production of cod liver oil dietary supplement, in the absence and presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). No reduced viability was observed and all POP extracts showed increased testosterone and estradiol levels in unstimulated cells and decreased testosterone and estradiol secretion in LH-stimulated cells. A decrease in central steriodogenic genes including STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B and CYP17A1 was obtained in both culture conditions with all POP extracts. We implicate both small differences in composition and concentration of compounds as well as "old" POPs to be important for the observed steroidogenic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Live Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: cesilie.granum@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cesilie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Granum
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Live Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: sara.anchersen@fhi.no.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anchersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Live Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: camillakarlsson10@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Live Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: vidar.berg@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Vidar
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Live Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway; Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Live Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: ingrid.olsaker@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Olsaker
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Live Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: steven.verhaegen@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verhaegen
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Live Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: erik.ropstad@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ropstad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme / Q000235:genetics; D003060:Cod Liver Oil / Q000737:chemistry*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000633:toxicity*; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D011375:Progesterone Reductase / Q000235:genetics; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics; D013251:Steroid Isomerases / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D003060:Cod Liver Oil; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D011375:Progesterone Reductase; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme; D013251:Steroid Isomerases