title: [Pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium after elective ambulatory surgery: etiology, risk factors and prevalence].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Emergence delirium (ED) is a common problem among children and adults recovering from general anesthesia after surgery. Its symptoms include psychomotor agitation, hallucinations, and aggressive behavior. The phenomenon, which is most probably an adverse effect of general anesthesia agents, harms the recovery process and endangers the physical safety of patients and their health. Ranging between 10% and 80%, the exact prevalence of ED is unknown, and the risk factors of the phenomenon are unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current retrospective study was to determine the prevalence rate of ED in 3947 children recovering from general anesthesia after short elective ambulatory surgery, and to map the influence of various risk factors on this phenomenon.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected using electronic medical records. ED severity was assessed using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results showed the prevalence of ED among children. ED was significantly correlated with patients' age, type of surgery and premedication. ED was not correlated with severity of pain, type of anesthesia or with patients' sex.
authors.forename: Alik
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gololobov
authors.forename: Liat
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Todris
authors.forename: Yakov
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Zipi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rosenberg-Gilad
authors.forename: Pnina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schlaeffer
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kenett
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ben-Jacob
authors.forename: Eran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Segal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003693:Delirium / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index