title: Quantum cognition: a new theoretical approach to psychology.
abstract: What type of probability theory best describes the way humans make judgments under uncertainty and decisions under conflict? Although rational models of cognition have become prominent and have achieved much success, they adhere to the laws of classical probability theory despite the fact that human reasoning does not always conform to these laws. For this reason we have seen the recent emergence of models based on an alternative probabilistic framework drawn from quantum theory. These quantum models show promise in addressing cognitive phenomena that have proven recalcitrant to modeling by means of classical probability theory. This review compares and contrasts probabilistic models based on Bayesian or classical versus quantum principles, and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
authors.affiliation: Information Systems School, GPO Box 2434, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia. Electronic address: p.bruza@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Bruza
authors.affiliation: School of Communication, 3145 Derby Hall, 154 North Oval Mall, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 1101 East 10th Street, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 48705, USA.
authors.forename: Jerome R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Busemeyer
mesh_terms: D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011336:Probability; D011789:Quantum Theory
keywords: Bayesian probability; complementarity; human judgment; incompatibility; quantum probability; superposition