title: The effect of combination treatment using palonosetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting versus dexamethasone alone in women receiving intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of palonosetron combined with dexamethasone for the prevention of PONV compared to dexamethasone alone in women who received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) using fentanyl.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 204 healthy female patients who were scheduled to undergo elective surgery under general anesthesia followed by IV-PCA for postoperative pain control were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups: the PD group (palonosetron 0.075 mg and dexamethasone 5 mg IV; n = 102) and the D group (dexamethasone 5 mg IV; n = 102). The treatments were given after the induction of anesthesia. The incidence of nausea, vomiting, severity of nausea, and the use of rescue anti-emetics during the first 48 hours after surgery were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in the PD group compared with the D group during the 0-24 hours (43 vs. 59%) and 0-48 hours after surgery (45 vs. 63%) (P < 0.05). The severity of nausea during the 6-24 hours after surgery was significantly less in the PD group compared with the D group (P < 0.05). The incidence of rescue antiemetic used was significantly lower in the PD group than in the D group during the 0-6 hours after surgery (13.1 vs. 24.5%) (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Palonosetron combined with dexamethasone was more effective in preventing PONV compared to dexamethasone alone in women receiving IV-PCA using fentanyl.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, KR Clinic, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ryoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mun Gyu
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Hoon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Im
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Dexamethasone; Palonosetron; Postoperative nausea and vomiting