title: Estrogen Receptor Status and the Future Burden of Invasive and In Situ Breast Cancers in the United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No study has predicted the future incidence rate and annual burden (number) of new cases in the United States of invasive and in situ female breast cancers stratified by the estrogen receptor (ER) status.
  
  
  METHODS
  We constructed forecasts for women age 30 to 84 years in 2011 through 2030 using cancer incidence data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, novel age-period-cohort forecasting models, and population projections from the US Census Bureau.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total number of new tumors (invasive plus in situ) is expected to rise from 283 000 in 2011 to 441 000 in 2030 (plausible range 353 500 to 466 700 cases). The proportion of all new case patients age 70 to 84 years is expected to increase from 24.3% to 34.8%, while the proportion ages 50 to 69 years is expected to decrease from 54.7% to 43.6%. The proportion of ER-positive invasive cancers is expected to remain nearly the same at 62.6%, whereas the proportion of ER-positive in situ cancers is expected to increase from 19.1% to 28.9%. The proportion of ER-negative cancers (invasive and in situ) is expected to decrease from 16.8% to 8.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breast cancer overall will rise in the United States through 2030, especially for ER-positive in situ tumors among women age 70 to 84 years. In contrast, ER-negative invasive and in situ tumors will fall, for reasons that are not fully understood. These results highlight a need to optimize case management among older women, characterize the natural history of in situ cancers, and identify those factors responsible for declining ER-negative incidence.
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (PSR, KAB, WFA). rosenbep@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (PSR, KAB, WFA).
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (PSR, KAB, WFA).
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000737:chemistry / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000737:chemistry / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D018426:SEER Program; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone