title: Co-cultivation and transcriptome sequencing of two co-existing fish pathogens Moritella viscosa and Aliivibrio wodanis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aliivibrio wodanis and Moritella viscosa have often been isolated concurrently from fish with winter-ulcer disease. Little is known about the interaction between the two bacterial species and how the presence of one bacterial species affects the behaviour of the other.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The impact on bacterial growth in co-culture was investigated in vitro, and the presence of A. wodanis has an inhibitorial effect on M. viscosa. Further, we have sequenced the complete genomes of these two marine Gram-negative species, and have performed transcriptome analysis of the bacterial gene expression levels from in vivo samples. Using bacterial implants in the fish abdomen, we demonstrate that the presence of A. wodanis is altering the gene expression levels of M. viscosa compared to when the bacteria are implanted separately.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From expression profiling of the transcriptomes, it is evident that the presence of A. wodanis is altering the global gene expression of M. viscosa. Co-cultivation studies showed that A. wodanis is impeding the growth of M. viscosa, and that the inhibitorial effect is not contact-dependent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway. erik.hjerde@uit.no.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hjerde
authors.affiliation: Section of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, Oslo, Norway. christian.karlsen@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karlsen
authors.affiliation: Section of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, Oslo, Norway. henning.sorum@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sørum
authors.affiliation: The Pathogen Sequencing Unit, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK. parkhill@sanger.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parkhill
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway. nils-peder.willassen@uit.no.|The Norwegian Structural Biology Centre, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway. nils-peder.willassen@uit.no.
authors.forename: Nils Peder
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Willassen
authors.affiliation: The Pathogen Sequencing Unit, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK. nrt@sanger.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Nicholas R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Thomson
mesh_terms: D059706:Aliivibrio / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D034221:Moritella / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D053038:Quorum Sensing; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000382:microbiology*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012333:RNA, Messenger