title: Exosomes in development, metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer.
abstract: Transport through the cell membrane can be divided into active, passive and vesicular types (exosomes). Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles released by a variety of cells. Emerging evidence shows that exosomes play a critical role in cancers. Exosomes mediate communication between stroma and cancer cells through the transfer of nucleic acid and proteins. It is demonstrated that the contents and the quantity of exosomes will change after occurrence of cancers. Over the last decade, growing attention has been paid to the role of exosomes in the development of breast cancer, the most life-threatening cancer in women. Breast cancer could induce salivary glands to secret specific exosomes, which could be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis of early breast cancer. Exosome-delivered nucleic acid and proteins partly facilitate the tumorigenesis, metastasis and resistance of breast cancer. Exosomes could also transmit anti-cancer drugs outside breast cancer cells, therefore leading to drug resistance. However, exosomes are effective tools for transportation of anti-cancer drugs with lower immunogenicity and toxicity. This is a promising way to establish a drug delivery system.
authors.affiliation: The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.|Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Dan-dan
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.|Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Hong-yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Meng-meng
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.|Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Wei-xian
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Shan-liang
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Jin-hai
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Center of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Jian-hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000502:physiology*; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Breast cancer; exosomes; metastasis; resistance; therapeutics