title: Stage-specific reference genes significant for quantitative PCR during mouse retinal development.
abstract: Developing mouse retina has been serving as an ideal model for investigating the molecular mechanism of neural development and angiogenesis, because several significant events associated with these physiological phenomena are drastically occurring in conjunction with retinal development. However, as many genes are influencing on each other to establish mature retina within 21 days from E10 to P12, we must carefully design the experiments, such as in the case of quantitating the amount of altered gene expression toward the establishment of retina by quantitative PCR. As we have seen considerable variations of quantitative results in different developmental stages of retina depending on the reference genes used for compensation, we here attempted to determine a reliable reference gene to accurately quantitate the target genes in each stage. According to the results of in silico prediction and comparison with a database of SAGE, we found that the most stable gene from early to late stages was Sdha, whereas one of the most popular housekeeping genes, Actb, was the one that could mislead the quantitative results even in the adult stage. Consequently, we pointed out the importance of selecting an appropriate reference gene, especially to quantitate the amount of gene expression in the developmental stages of a certain tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshii
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.affiliation: Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tashiro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012160:Retina / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055746:Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D055746:Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase