title: Bovine TLR2 and TLR4 mediate Cryptosporidium parvum recognition in bovine intestinal epithelial cells.
abstract: Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) is an intestinal parasite that causes diarrhea in neonatal calves. It results in significant morbidity of neonatal calves and economic losses for producers worldwide. Innate resistance against C. parvum is thought to depend on engagement of pattern recognition receptors. However, the role of innate responses to C. parvum has not been elucidated in bovine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of TLRs in host-cell responses during C. parvum infection of cultured bovine intestinal epithelial cells. The expressions of TLRs in bovine intestinal epithelial cells were detected by qRT-PCR. To determine which, if any, TLRs may play a role in the response of bovine intestinal epithelial cells to C. parvum, the cells were stimulated with C. parvum and the expression of TLRs were tested by qRT-PCR. The expression of NF-κB was detected by western blotting. Further analyses were carried out in bovine TLRs transfected HEK293 cells and by TLRs-DN transfected bovine intestinal epithelial cells. The results showed that bovine intestinal epithelial cells expressed all known TLRs. The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 were up-regulated when bovine intestinal epithelial cells were treated with C. parvum. Meanwhile, C. parvum induced IL-8 production in TLR2 or TLR4/MD-2 transfected HEK293 cells. Moreover, C. parvum induced NF-κB activation and cytokine expression in bovine intestinal epithelial cells. The induction of NF-κB activation and cytokine expression by C. parvum were reduced in TLR2-DN and TLR4-DN transfected cells. The results showed that bovine intestinal epithelial cells expressed all known TLRs, and bovine intestinal epithelial cells recognized and responded to C. parvum via TLR2 and TLR4.
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Xinming Road, Changchun 130021, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333#, Xian Road, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhengtao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333#, Xian Road, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Yunhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333#, Xian Road, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Pengtao
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Xinming Road, Changchun 130021, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingtong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Xinming Road, Changchun 130021, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333#, Xian Road, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333#, Xian Road, Changchun 130062, PR China. Electronic address: jianhuali7207@163.com.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333#, Xian Road, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333#, Xian Road, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Ju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Xinming Road, Changchun 130021, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333#, Xian Road, Changchun 130062, PR China. Electronic address: xczhang@jlu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xichen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000502:physiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4
keywords: Bovine intestinal epithelial cell; Cryptosporidium parvum; NF-κB; TLR2; TLR4