title: Multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
abstract: In order to suppress the fragmentation and improve the sensitivity for determination of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), the mechanism of multiphoton ionization was studied for the following representative NPAHs, 9-nitroanthracene, 3-nitrofluoranthene, and 1-nitropyrene. The analytes were extracted from the PM2.5 on the sampling filter ultrasonically, and were measured using gas chromatography/multiphoton ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry with a femtosecond tunable laser in the range from 267 to 405 nm. As a result, a molecular ion was observed as the major ion and fragmentation was suppressed at wavelengths longer than 345 nm. Furthermore, the detection limit measured at 345 nm was measured to be the subpicogram level. The organic compounds were extracted from a 2.19 mg sample of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), and the extract was subjected to multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry after gas chromatograph separation. The background signals were drastically suppressed at 345 nm, and the target NPAHs, including 9-nitroanthracene and 1-nitropyrene, were detected, and their concentrations were determined to be 5 and 3 pg/m(3), respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. Electronic address: tang.yuanyuan.398@s.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemistry, Graduate School of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1 Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imasaka
authors.affiliation: Division of Air Science, Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, 39 Mukaizano Dazaifu, Fukuoka 818-0135, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigekazu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Division of Optoelectronics and Photonics, Center for Future Chemistry, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Totaro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imasaka
mesh_terms: D000873:Anthracenes / Q000032:analysis*; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000032:analysis*; D004867:Equipment Design; D057230:Limit of Detection; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011721:Pyrenes; C035016:9-nitroanthracene; C032668:1-nitropyrene
keywords: Mass spectrometry; Multiphoton ionization; Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Particulate matter 2.5