title: Optimization of dose and image quality of paediatric cardiac catheterization procedure.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to quantify the quality of the available imaging modes for various iodine-based contrast agent concentration in paediatric cardiology. The figure of merit (FOM) was defined as the squared signal to noise ratio divided by a patient dose related parameter. An in house constructed phantom simulated a series of vessel segments with iodine concentrations from 10% or 30 mg/cc to 16% or 48 mg/cc of iodine in a blood plasma solution, all within the dimensional constraints of a paediatric patient. The phantom also used test inserts of tin (Sn). Measurements of Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) and exit dose rate were performed along with calculations of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of all the objects. A first result showed that it was favourable to employ low dose fluoroscopy mode and lower frame rate modes in cine acquisition if dynamic information is not critical. Normal fluoroscopy dose mode provided a considerably higher dose level (in comparison to low dose mode) with only a slight improvement in SNR. Higher frame rate cine modes should be used however when the clinical situation dictates so. This work also found that tin should not be intended as iodine replacement material for research purposes due to the mismatching SNR, particularly on small vessel sizes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, 16424, Depok, Indonesia. Electronic address: lukmanda.evan@sci.ui.ac.id.
authors.forename: Lukmanda Evan
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Lubis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Ika
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bayuadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Supriyanto Ardjo
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pawiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kwan-Hoong
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging & Pathology, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bosmans
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Djarwani Soeharso
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Soejoko
mesh_terms: D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D011786:Quality Control; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio
keywords: Cardiac catheterization; Dose; Figure of merit; Image quality; Optimization; Paediatric