title: Inhibition of prolactin with bromocriptine for 28days increases blood-brain barrier permeability in the rat.
abstract: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is necessary for the proper function of the brain. Its maintenance is regulated by endogenous factors. Recent evidences suggest prolactin (PRL) regulates the BBB properties in vitro, nevertheless no evidence of these effects have been reported in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PRL in the maintenance of the BBB in the rat. Male Wistar rats were treated with Bromocriptine (Bromo) to inhibit PRL production for 28days in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). BBB permeability was evaluated through the Evans Blue dye and fluorescein-dextran extravasation as well as through edema formation. The expression of claudin-5, occludin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the PRL receptor (PRLR) was evaluated through western blot. Bromo reduced the physiological levels of PRL at 28days. At the same time, Bromo increased BBB permeability and edema formation associated with a decrement in claudin-5 and occludin and potentiated the increase in BBB permeability induced by LPS. However, no neuroinflammation was detected, since the expression of GFAP was unchanged, as well as the expression of the PRLR. These data provide the first evidence that inhibition of PRL with Bromo affects the maintenance of the BBB through modulating the expression of tight junction proteins in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiologia Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava 6, Colonia Universitaria, San Luis Potosi, SLP 78210, Mexico.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rosas-Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiologia Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava 6, Colonia Universitaria, San Luis Potosi, SLP 78210, Mexico.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiologia Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava 6, Colonia Universitaria, San Luis Potosi, SLP 78210, Mexico.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Lee
authors.affiliation: Neurochemistry Laboratory, Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiologia Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava 6, Colonia Universitaria, San Luis Potosi, SLP 78210, Mexico. Electronic address: cgonzalez.uaslp@gmail.com.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism*; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000378:metabolism; D001971:Bromocriptine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D062507:Claudin-5 / Q000378:metabolism; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D062793:Occludin / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D062507:Claudin-5; C491510:Cldn5 protein, rat; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D062793:Occludin; C568987:Ocln protein, rat; D001971:Bromocriptine; D011388:Prolactin
keywords: blood–brain barrier; lipopolysaccharide; permeability; prolactin; tight junctions