title: Connectivity pattern differences bilaterally in the cerebellum posterior lobe in healthy subjects after normal sleep and sleep deprivation: a resting-state functional MRI study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique to explore the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) differences of the bilaterial cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL) after normal sleep (NS) and after sleep deprivation (SD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 16 healthy subjects (eight males, eight females) underwent an fMRI scan twice at random: once following NS and the other following 24 hours' SD, with an interval of 1 month between the two scans. The fMRI scanning included resting state and acupuncture stimulation. The special activated regions located during the acupuncture stimulation were selected as regions of interest for rsFC analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bilateral CPLs were positively activated by acupuncture stimulation. In the NS group, the left CPL showed rsFC with the bilateral CPL, bilateral frontal lobe (BFL), left precuneus and right inferior parietal lobule, while the right CPL showed rsFC with the bilateral temporal lobe, right cerebellum anterior lobe, right CPL, left frontal lobe, left anterior cingulate, right posterior cingulate, and bilateral inferior parietal lobule. In the SD group, the left CPL showed rsFC with the left posterior cingulate gyrus bilateral CPL, left precuneus, left precentral gyrus, BFL, and the left parietal lobe, while the right CPL showed rsFC with bilateral cerebellum anterior lobe, bilateral CPL, left frontal lobe and left temporal lobe. Compared with the NS group, the left CPL had increased rsFC in the SD group with the right inferior frontal gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, right cingulate gyrus, right thalamus, and bilateral precuneus, and decreased rsFC with the BFL, while the right CPL had increased rsFC with the left superior frontal gyrus and decreased rsFC with the left precentral gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, and the BFL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral CPL are possibly involved in acupuncture stimulation in different manners, and the right CPL showed more rsFC impairment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhihan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tingyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaokai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Peking Union Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Luping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
keywords: acupuncture; fMRI; functional connectivity; resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging