title: Endovascular Management of True Renal Arterial Aneurysms: Results from a Single Centre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a single centre's experience of the endovascular treatment of renal arterial aneurysms, including techniques and outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective analysis of true renal arterial aneurysms (TRAAs) treated using endovascular techniques over a period of 12 years and 10 months. The clinical presentations, aneurysm characteristics, endovascular techniques and outcomes are reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were nine TRAA cases with a mean aneurysm size of 21.0 mm, located at the main renal arterial bifurcation in all cases. Onyx(®) was used as the embolic agent of choice (88.9 % cases), with concurrent balloon remodelling. The overall primary technical success rate was 100 %. Repeat intervention was carried out in 1 case, secondary to reperfusion >8 years post-initial treatment. Long-term clinical follow-up was available in 55.6 % of cases (mean 29.8 months; range 3.3-90.1 months). Early post-procedural renal function, as measured by serum creatinine, remained within the normal reference range. Renal parenchymal loss post-embolisation was ≤20 % in 77.8 % of cases, as estimated on imaging. Minor complications included non-target embolization of Onyx(®) with no clinical sequelae (n = 1), transient pain requiring only oral analgesia with no prolongation of hospital stay (n = 2). No major complications occurred as a consequence of embolisation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular therapy is an effective and safe primary therapy for TRAA with high success rate and low morbidity, supplanting surgery as primary therapy. Current experience in the use of Onyx(®) in TRAA is primarily limited to individual case reports, and this represents the largest case series of Onyx(®)-treated TRAAs to date.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore, 768828, Singapore. chung.raymond.jh@alexandrahealth.com.sg.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St. George's Hospital NHS Trust, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK. p.touska@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Touska
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, St. George's Hospital NHS Trust, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, St. George's Hospital NHS Trust, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK.
authors.forename: Anna-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Belli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000628:therapy*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012077:Renal Artery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013635:Tantalum / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; C558446:Onyx 18; D011145:Polyvinyls; D013635:Tantalum
keywords: Aneurysms; Angioplasty/angiogram; Arterial intervention; Artery; Embolization/embolisation/embolotherapy; Kidney/renal