title: Removal of BrO₃⁻ from drinking water samples using newly developed agricultural waste-based activated carbon and its determination by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Activated carbon was prepared from date pits via chemical activation with H3PO4. The effects of activating agent concentration and activation temperature on the yield and surface area were studied. The optimal activated carbon was prepared at 450 °C using 55 % H3PO4. The prepared activated carbon was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area. The prepared date pit-based activated carbon (DAC) was used for the removal of bromate (BrO3 (-)). The concentration of BrO3 (-) was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass tandem spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The experimental equilibrium data for BrO3 (-) adsorption onto DAC was well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model and showed maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 25.64 mg g(-1). The adsorption kinetics of BrO3 (-) adsorption was very well represented by the pseudo-first-order equation. The analytical application of DAC for the analysis of real water samples was studied with very promising results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bldg. #5, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. shad81@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Mu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naushad
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bldg. #5, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bldg. #5, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Zeid A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: ALOthman
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bldg. #5, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: AlSohaimi
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Química Inorganica, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Reinoso
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bldg. #5, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Turki M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Turki
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bldg. #5, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Rahmat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000383:Agriculture; D001959:Bromates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013696:Temperature; D014866:Waste Products; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001959:Bromates; D060766:Drinking Water; D014866:Waste Products; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002606:Charcoal
keywords: Agricultural waste; Bottled water; Bromate; Date pits; UPLC-MS/MS