title: Psychological Vulnerability of Residents of Communities Affected by the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Psychological health is an important issue after disasters. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychological symptoms among 993 residents of Taean District in South Korea after the Hebei Spirit oil spill and to examine determinants of vulnerability in residents' psychological symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Symptoms of post-traumatic stress (PTS), depression, suicidal ideation, and anxiety were assessed by questionnaires, and the responses were analyzed by using the survey analysis considering the sampling frame.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the study subjects, the symptom prevalences of PTS, depression, suicidal ideation, and anxiety were 19.5%, 22.0%, 2.3%, and 4.2%, respectively, and symptoms were higher in people who were female, were older, were less educated, and had lower family income. People with fishery or related occupations compared to those with unrelated livelihoods and people residing in the vicinity of the oil band in the contaminated coastline showed additively increased symptom risks of PTS. Risk of suicidal ideation was predominantly increased in people with fishery or related occupations compared with those with unrelated livelihoods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Social supports, including compensation for income loss and community mental health programs, and longer follow-up studies are needed for residents in the communities affected by the Hebei Spirit oil spill.
authors.affiliation: 1Hallym Research Institute of Clinical Epidemiology,Hallym University,Chuncheon,Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Psychology,Dankook University College of Public Service,Cheonan,Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: 3Department of Preventive Medicine,Dankook University College of Medicine,Cheonan,Korea.
authors.forename: Mina
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1011-9446
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: 4Department of Nursing,Hanseo University,Seosan,Korea and Taean Mental Health Center,Taean,Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Nam
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: 5Korean Industrial Health Association,Cheongju,Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: 6Taean Environmental Health Center,Taean,Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: 7Deaprtment of Social and Preventive Medicine,Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine,Suwon,Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Kwan
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Cheong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D000066388:Oil and Gas Industry; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011634:Public Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012944:Social Support; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: petroleum pollution; psychological; public health; stress