title: Diagnostic dilemmas in chronic urticaria.
abstract: The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)/Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA(2) LEN)/European Dermatology Forum (EDF)/World Allergy Organization (WAO) recently published updated recommendations for the classification, diagnosis and management of chronic urticaria (CU). This article discusses several cases of CU that provide examples of how the recommendations in the guidelines can be implemented in the diagnosis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) (also called chronic idiopathic urticaria [CIU]), chronic inducible urticaria (CINDU) or CU with comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai-Zion Medical Centre, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toubi
authors.affiliation: Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital and St John's Institute of Dermatology, Norwich, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grattan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zuberbier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D014581:Urticaria / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*