title: Interprofessional education in primary health care for entry level students--A systematic literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This systematic review investigated student learning and patient outcomes associated with interprofessional education in outpatient, primary care clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medline, Cinahl and Embase databases were searched to March 2014. A mixed method evaluation framework was applied to investigate the participants, interventions and effects on student learning and patient outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  26 studies met the inclusion criteria; 13 were quantitative, predominately pre-post-survey design, 6 qualitative and 7 mixed methods design. Studies most commonly investigated student volunteers from medicine, nursing and allied health working in interprofessional clinics that were established to address gaps in community health care. Students appeared to learn teamwork skills and increase their knowledge of the roles of other disciplines. We found no convincing evidence that participation results in changes in attitudes towards other disciplines compared to single discipline education. We also found insufficient evidence to estimate the effectiveness of patient care delivered by interprofessional student teams in this setting compared to single discipline or no care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given the logistical challenges associated with coordinating clinic attendance for interprofessional teams, high quality studies are needed to assess the effects of clinics on student learning and patient health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Monash University, Australia. Electronic address: Fiona.Kent@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.affiliation: Monash University, Australia. Electronic address: Jenny.Keating@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Keating
mesh_terms: D016390:Allied Health Occupations / Q000193:education; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate; D004506:Education, Nursing; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007858:Learning; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011320:Primary Health Care; D013336:Students, Health Occupations
keywords: Education; Entry level; Interprofessional; Primary care; Student-led clinic