title: Trapping biases of Culex torrentium and Culex pipiens revealed by comparison of captures in CDC traps, ovitraps, and gravid traps.
abstract: We evaluate three trapping methods for their effectiveness at capturing Culex pipiens and Culex torrentium, both enzootic vectors of bird-associated viruses in Europe. The comparisons, performed in two regions in Sweden, were among CDC traps baited with carbon dioxide, gravid traps, and ovitraps baited with hay infusion. The proportions of the two Culex species in a catch differed between trap types, with CDC traps catching a lower proportion of Cx. torrentium than both gravid traps and ovitraps. Between gravid traps and ovitraps, there was no difference in the proportions of the two species. The results indicate that Cx. torrentium may go undetected or underestimated compared to Cx. pipiens when using carbon dioxide baited CDC traps. The new insight of trap bias presented here adds an important dimension to consider when investigating these vectors of bird-associated viruses in the field.
authors.affiliation: Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology (IMBIM), Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala, Sweden. jenny@hesson.se.|Uppsala University, Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala, Sweden. jenny@hesson.se.
authors.forename: Jenny C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hesson
authors.affiliation: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Chemical Ecology, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Alnarp, Sweden.
authors.forename: Rickard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ignell
authors.affiliation: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Chemical Ecology, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Alnarp, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sharon R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Uppsala University, Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Örjan
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Östman
authors.affiliation: Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology (IMBIM), Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala, Sweden.|Uppsala University, Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.|Swedish Biological Mosquito Control Project, Nedre Dalälvens Utvecklings AB, Gysinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Lundström
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003465:Culex; D004772:Entomology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D007303:Insect Vectors; D007814:Larva; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: Mosquitoes; Sindbis virus; West Nile virus.; trapping bias; trapping methods; vectors