title: Prediction of accommodative optical response in prepresbyopic subjects using ultrasound biomicroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether relatively low-resolution ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) can be used to predict the accommodative optical response in prepresbyopic eyes as well as in a previous study of young phakic subjects, despite lower accommodative amplitudes.
  
  
  METHODS
  College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Static accommodative optical response was measured with infrared photorefraction and an autorefractor (WR-5100K) in subjects aged 36 to 46 years. A 35 MHz UBM device (Vumax, Sonomed Escalon) was used to image the left eye, while the right eye viewed accommodative stimuli. Custom-developed Matlab image-analysis software was used to perform automated analysis of UBM images to measure the ocular biometry parameters. The accommodative optical response was predicted from biometry parameters using linear regression, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and 95% prediction intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study evaluated 25 subjects. Per-diopter (D) accommodative changes in anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness, anterior and posterior lens radii of curvature, and anterior segment length were similar to previous values from young subjects. The standard deviations (SDs) of accommodative optical response predicted from linear regressions for UBM-measured biometry parameters were ACD, 0.15 D; lens thickness, 0.25 D; anterior lens radii of curvature, 0.09 D; posterior lens radii of curvature, 0.37 D; and anterior segment length, 0.42 D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters can, on average, predict accommodative optical responses with SDs of less than 0.55 D using linear regressions and 95% CIs. Ultrasound biomicroscopy can be used to visualize and quantify accommodative biometric changes and predict accommodative optical response in prepresbyopic eyes.
authors.affiliation: From the College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Viswanathan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramasubramanian
authors.affiliation: From the College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA. Electronic address: aglasser@uh.edu.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Glasser
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001699:Biometry; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D008875:Middle Aged; D011305:Presbyopia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult