title: Nanocellulose-Zeolite Composite Films for Odor Elimination.
abstract: Free standing and strong odor-removing composite films of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) with a high content of nanoporous zeolite adsorbents have been colloidally processed. Thermogravimetric desorption analysis (TGA) and infrared spectroscopy combined with computational simulations showed that commercially available silicalite-1 and ZSM-5 have a high affinity and uptake of volatile odors like ethanethiol and propanethiol, also in the presence of water. The simulations showed that propanethiol has a higher affinity, up to 16%, to the two zeolites compared with ethanethiol. Highly flexible and strong free-standing zeolite-CNF films with an adsorbent loading of 89 w/w% have been produced by Ca-induced gelation and vacuum filtration. The CNF-network controls the strength of the composite films and 100 μm thick zeolite-CNF films with a CNF content of less than 10 vol % displayed a tensile strength approaching 10 MPa. Headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis showed that the CNF-zeolite films can eliminate the volatile thiol-based odors to concentrations below the detection ability of the human olfactory system. Odor removing zeolite-cellulose nanofibril films could enable improved transport and storage of fruits and vegetables rich in odors, for example, onion and the tasty but foul-smelling South-East Asian Durian fruit.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Keshavarzi
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Farshid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mashayekhy Rad
authors.affiliation: †Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Amber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mace
authors.affiliation: ∥Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Farhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: §Division of Materials Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, SE- 97187 Sweden.
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulrika
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: ∥Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berglund
authors.affiliation: †Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bergström
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D003102:Colloids; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D009812:Odorants / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017641:Zeolites / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D017641:Zeolites; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: colloidal processing; composite; nanocellulose; odor; packaging; strength; zeolite