title: Simultaneous EEG-fMRI: evaluating the effect of the cabling configuration on the gradient artefact.
abstract: EEG recordings made in combined EEG-fMRI studies are corrupted by gradient artefacts (GAs) resulting from the interaction of the EEG system with the time-varying magnetic field gradients used in MRI. The dominant contribution to the GA arises from interaction with the leads of the EEG cap and the human head, but artefacts are also produced in the cables used to connect the EEG cap to the amplifier. The aim of this study is to measure the effects of the connecting cable configuration on the characteristics of the GA. We measured the GA produced on two different cable configurations (a ribbon cable and a cable consisting of wires that are twisted together to form a cylindrical bundle) by gradient pulses applied on three orthogonal axes and also characterized the effect of each cable configuration on the GA generated by a multi-slice echo planar imaging sequence, as employed in typical EEG-fMRI studies. The results demonstrate that the cabling that connects the EEG cap to the amplifier can make a significant contribution to the GA recorded during EEG-fMRI studies. In particular, we demonstrate that the GA generated by a ribbon cable is larger than that produced using a twisted cable arrangement and that changes in the GA resulting from variation in the cable position are also greater for the ribbon cable.
authors.affiliation: Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 5HU, UK.
authors.forename: M E H
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.forename: Karen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Mullinger
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bowtell
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*