title: Influence of ZnO/MgO substitution on sintering, crystallisation, and bio-activity of alkali-free glass-ceramics.
abstract: The present study reports on the influence of partial replacement of MgO by ZnO on the structure, crystallisation behaviour and bioactivity of alkali-free bioactive glass-ceramics (GCs). A series of glass compositions (mol%): 36.07 CaO-(19.24-x) MgO-x ZnO-5.61 P2O5-38.49 SiO2-0.59 CaF2 (x=2-10) have been synthesised by melt-quench technique. The structural changes were investigated by solid-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR), X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis. The sintering and crystallisation behaviours of glass powders were studied by hot-stage microscopy and differential thermal analysis, respectively. All the glass compositions exhibited good densification ability resulting in well sintered and mechanically strong GCs. The crystallisation and mechanical behaviour were studied under non-isothermal heating conditions at 850 °C for 1h. Diopside was the primary crystalline phase in all the GCs followed by fluorapatite and rankinite as secondary phases. Another phase named petedunnite was identified in GCs with ZnO content >4 mol. The proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) on GCs was revealed to be Zn-dose dependent with the highest performance being observed for 4 mol% ZnO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, University of Aveiro, CICECO, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8065, United States.
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, University of Aveiro, CICECO, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana Filipa
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), Kelsen 5, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN) & College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330714, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330714, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN) & College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330714, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330714, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, University of Aveiro, CICECO, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: jmf@ua.pt.
authors.forename: José M F
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003460:Crystallization; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells; D051381:Rats; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008277:Magnesium Oxide; C023506:Glass ceramics; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Bioactivity; Crystallisation; Glass-ceramics; Sintering; Thermal properties