title: Cerebral perfusion in the predementia stages of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate arterial spin-labelling (ASL) cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes in predementia stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from 177 patients with subjective complaints, mild cognitive impairment and AD from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort. AD stages were based on diagnosis and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers amyloid-β (Aβ) and total-tau (tau). General-linear-models were used to assess relationships between AD stages and total and regional CBF, correcting for age and sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decreasing CBF was related to more advanced AD stages in all supratentorial regions (p for trend < 0.05). Post-hoc testing revealed that CBF was lower in AD compared to controls and stage-1 predementia patients (i.e. abnormal Aβ and normal tau) in temporal and parietal regions, and compared to stage-2 predementia patients (i.e. abnormal Aβ and tau) in temporal regions. CBF values of stage-2 predementia patients were numerically in between those of stage-1 predementia patients and AD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The continuing decrease of CBF along the continuum of AD indicates the potential of ASL-CBF as a measure for disease progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Decreasing CBF relates to more advanced AD stages in all supratentorial regions. • The reduction of CBF does not reach a bottom level. • ASL-CBF has potential as a measure for disease progression in AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimercenter Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maja A A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Binnewijzend
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.benedictus@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Marije R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Benedictus
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Medical Technology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joost P A
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kuijer
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wiesje M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: van der Flier
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Charlotte E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Teunissen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Niels D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimercenter Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mike P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Wattjes
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimercenter Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bart N M
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: van Berckel
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheltens
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Alzheimercenter Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Arterial spin-labelling MRI; Cerebral blood flow/cerebral perfusion; Disease progression; Prodromal AD