title: Structure-activity relationship of hybrids of Cinchona alkaloids and bile acids with in vitro antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activities.
abstract: In this work, a series of hybrid compounds were tested as antiparasitic substances. These hybrids were prepared from bile acids and a series of antiparasitic Cinchona alkaloids by the formation of a covalent C-C bond via a decarboxylative Barton-Zard reaction between the two entities. The bile acids showed only weak antiparasitic properties, but all the hybrids exhibited high in vitro activities (IC50: 0.48-5.39 μM) against Trypanosoma brucei. These hybrids were more active than their respective parent alkaloids (up to a 135 fold increase in activity), and displayed good selectivity indices. Aditionally, all these compounds inhibited the in vitro growth of a chloroquine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum (3D7: IC50: 36.1 nM to 8.72 μM), and the most active hybrids had IC50s comparable to that of artemisinin (IC50: 36 nM). Some structure-activity relationships among the group of 48 hybrids are discussed. The increase in antiparasitic activity may be explained by an improvement in bioavailability, since the more lipophilic derivatives showed the lowest IC50s.
authors.affiliation: UMYMFOR, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2 (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leverrier
authors.affiliation: Pharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier B1.72.03, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bero
authors.affiliation: UMYMFOR, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2 (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Drug Research Center (CIRM), University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frédérich
authors.affiliation: Pharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier B1.72.03, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Joëlle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quetin-Leclercq
authors.affiliation: UMYMFOR, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2 (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: palermo@qo.fcen.uba.ar.
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Palermo
mesh_terms: D000962:Antimalarials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002930:Cinchona Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014346:Trypanosoma brucei brucei / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002930:Cinchona Alkaloids; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents
keywords: Antiparasitic activity; Barton–Zard reaction; Bile acids; Cinchona alkaloids; Hybrids