title: Ultra percutaneous dilation tracheotomy vs mini open tracheotomy. A comparison of tracheal damage in fresh cadaver specimens.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To compare the ultra percutaneous dilation tracheostomy (PDT) and mini open techniques (MOT) in randomized fixed and fresh cadavers. Assess degrees of damage to tracheal cartilage and mucosa via tracheal lumen and external dissection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative cadaver study was performed, tracheostomy was placed in 36 cadavers (16 fixed, 20 fresh) from July 2004 to December 2004, in University of Alberta, Canada. PDT (size 7) were placed by intensivist and MOT (size 7) otolaryngologist. Both fixed and fresh cadavers were randomized. Evaluation was done according to gender, ease of landmark, mucosal and cartilage injuries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in mucosal injury (7 of 9 in UPDT VS 0 of 7 in MOT, p value 0.008), and cartilage injury (8 of 9 in UPDT VS 1 of 7 in MOT p value 0.012) were seen in fixed cadavers; and in fresh cadavers, mucosal injury (5 of 10 in UPDT VS 0 of 10 in MOT, p value 0.043), and cartilage injury (5 of 10 in UPDT VS 0 of 10 in MOT, p value 0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PDT resulted in severe damage to mucosa and cartilage, that might contribute to subglottic stenosis preventing decannulation. Considering the injury, MOT has better outcome than UPDT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. kqresearch@hotmail.com.|Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, King Saud University, PO Box no-245, Riyadh, 11411, Kingdom Saudi Arabia. kqresearch@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Qahtani
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. jonadamis@yahoo.ca.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adamis
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. jenntse7@telus.net.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Jeff.Harris@albertahealthservices.ca.
authors.forename: Jeffery
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom Saudi Arabia. tahera@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Tahera
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Hadi.Seikaly@albertahealthservices.ca.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seikaly
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002102:Cadaver; D002356:Cartilage / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014132:Trachea / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014139:Tracheostomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*