title: Association and Validation of Yield-Favored Alleles in Chinese Cultivars of Common Wheat (Triticumaestivum L.).
abstract: Common wheat is one of the most important crops in China, which is the largest producer in the world. A set of 230 cultivars was used to identify yield-related loci by association mapping. This set was tested for seven yield-related traits, viz. plant height (PH), spike length (SL), spikelet number per spike (SNPS), kernel number per spike (KNPS), thousand-kernel weight (TKW), kernel weight per spike (KWPS), and sterile spikelet number (SSN) per plant in four environments. A total of 106 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers distributed on all 21 chromosomes were used to screen the set. Twenty-one and 19 of them were associated with KNPS and TKW, respectively. Association mapping detected 73 significant associations across 50 SSRs, and the phenotypic variation explained (R2) by the associations ranged from 1.54 to 23.93%. The associated loci were distributed on all chromosomes except 4A, 7A, and 7D. Significant and potentially new alleles were present on 8 chromosomes, namely 1A, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3D, 4B, 5B, and 6B. Further analysis showed that genetic effects of associated loci were greatly influenced by association panels, and the R2 of crucial loci were lower in modern cultivars than in the mini core collection, probably caused by strong selection in wheat breeding. In order to confirm the results of association analysis, yield-related favorable alleles Xgwm135-1A138, Xgwm337-1D186, Xgwm102-2D144, and Xgwm132-6B128 were evaluated in a double haploid (DH) population derived from Hanxuan10 xLumai14.These favorable alleles that were validated in various populations might be valuable in breeding for high-yield.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chenyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low and Middle Yangtze Valley (Ministry of Agriculture), Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low and Middle Yangtze Valley (Ministry of Agriculture), Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Boqiao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low and Middle Yangtze Valley (Ministry of Agriculture), Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low and Middle Yangtze Valley (Ministry of Agriculture), Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ruilian
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Wuyun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low and Middle Yangtze Valley (Ministry of Agriculture), Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xueyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low and Middle Yangtze Valley (Ministry of Agriculture), Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Shunhe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001947:Breeding; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D010641:Phenotype; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers