title: Neuroprotective Effect of Sodium Butyrate against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice.
abstract: Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a dietary microbial fermentation product of fiber and serves as an important neuromodulator in the central nervous system. In this study, we further investigated that NaB attenuated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo and its possible mechanisms. NaB (5, 10 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically 3 h after the onset of reperfusion in bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) mice. After 24 h of reperfusion, neurological deficits scores were estimated. Morphological examination was performed by electron microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines were assessed. Apoptotic neurons were measured by TUNEL; apoptosis-related protein caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, the phosphorylation Akt (p-Akt), and BDNF were assayed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that 10 mg/kg NaB treatment significantly ameliorated neurological deficit and histopathology changes in cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, 10 mg/kg NaB treatment markedly restored the levels of MDA, SOD, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-8. 10 mg/kg NaB treatment also remarkably inhibited the apoptosis, decreasing the levels of caspase-3 and Bax and increasing the levels of Bcl-2, p-Akt, and BDNF. This study suggested that NaB exerts neuroprotective effects on cerebral I/R injury by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties and BDNF-PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in antiapoptotic effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China ; Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Fangyan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Haixiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Huiqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Jiangtao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Wenqian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Mengqi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Yiwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Jiaming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China.
authors.forename: Chunfeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020148:Butyric Acid; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D053148:Caspase 3