title: [Pneumocystis jiroveci infection in patients with and without HIV: A comparison].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Respiratory infection caused by Pneumocystis jiroveci is a common opportunistic infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with CD4 counts < 200 cells/mm(3). However, it has also been reported in patients with other causes of immunosuppression.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the characteristics, severity and mortality of respiratory infection by P. jiroveci in patients with and without HIV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort follow-up of adult patients admitted to our hospital with infection by P. jiroveci since 2006 to 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 82 patients with respiratory infection by P. jiroveci of which 55% (45) were not infected with HIV. In this group, 68.8% (31) had diagnosis of cancer and 20% (9) received solid-organ transplant. 57.9% (26) were hospitalized in an intensive care unit. 42.2% (19) suffered multiple organ failure (MOF), 46.7% (21) required mechanical ventilation (MV) and 40.9% (18) inotropic drugs. Mortality was 33.3% (15). Statistically significant differences were observed between groups in age (p < 0.001), requirement of MV (p < 0.001) inotropic drugs (p 0.001) and MOF (p < 0.001). Mortality was higher in the HIV-positive group, reaching statistical significance (p 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pneumocystis pneumonia mortality was higher in patients without HIV, who suffered more complications and progression to respiratory failure with MOF.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Losada
authors.forename: Julieta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santillán
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fiorentini
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schiaffino
authors.forename: Héctor J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Peroni
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giunta
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barcán
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Waisman
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D045363:Pneumocystis carinii; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index