title: Using genetics to test the causal relationship of total adiposity and periodontitis: Mendelian randomization analyses in the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) Consortium.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The observational relationship between obesity and periodontitis is widely known, yet causal evidence is lacking. Our objective was to investigate causal associations between periodontitis and body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed Mendelian randomization analyses with BMI-associated loci combined in a genetic risk score (GRS) as the instrument for BMI. All analyses were conducted within the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) Consortium in 13 studies from Europe and the USA, including 49,066 participants with clinically assessed (seven studies, 42.1% of participants) and self-reported (six studies, 57.9% of participants) periodontitis and genotype data (17,672/31,394 with/without periodontitis); 68,761 participants with BMI and genotype data; and 57,871 participants (18,881/38,990 with/without periodontitis) with data on BMI and periodontitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the observational meta-analysis of all participants, the pooled crude observational odds ratio (OR) for periodontitis was 1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.24] per standard deviation increase of BMI. Controlling for potential confounders attenuated this estimate (OR = 1.08; 95% CI:1.03, 1.12). For clinically assessed periodontitis, corresponding ORs were 1.25 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.42) and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.17), respectively. In the genetic association meta-analysis, the OR for periodontitis was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.03) per GRS unit (per one effect allele) in all participants and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.03) in participants with clinically assessed periodontitis. The instrumental variable meta-analysis of all participants yielded an OR of 1.05 (95% CI: 0.80, 1.38) per BMI standard deviation, and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.56, 1.46) in participants with clinical data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study does not support total adiposity as a causal risk factor for periodontitis, as the point estimate is very close to the null in the causal inference analysis, with wide confidence intervals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shungin
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Marilyn C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cornelis
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Kimon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Divaris
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Birte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holtfreter
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Shaffer
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Yau-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Silvana P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Reiner
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Biffar
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Boerwinkle
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Crout
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganna
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hallmans
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hindy
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Frank B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Melander
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Kevin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Kari E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: North
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Marju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orho-Melander
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Nancy L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ridker
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Rimm
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Lynda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Gull
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rukh
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teumer
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Weyant
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Daniel I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Chasman
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Kaumudi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Joshipura
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kocher
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Patrik K E
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Magnusson
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Mary L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marazita
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Offenbacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davey Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Pernilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Tom M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Timpson
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Ingegerd
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Franks
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D057182:Mendelian Randomization Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C470072:MC4R protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4; C530715:TMEM18 protein, human; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human
keywords: BMI; Mendelian randomization; casual inference; confounding; periodontitis