title: Extraction of trace elements by ultrasound-assisted emulsification from edible oils producing detergentless microemulsions.
abstract: The aim of this study is to develop a new method for the extraction and preconcentration of trace elements from edible oils via an ultrasound-assisted extraction using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) producing detergentless microemulsions. These were then analyzed using ICP-MS against matrix matched standards. Optimum experimental conditions were determined and the applicability of the proposed ultrasound-assisted extraction method was investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the detection limits (μg kg(-1)) were 2.47, 2.81, 0.013, 0.037, 1.37, 0.050, 0.049, 0.47, 0.032 and 0.087 for Al, Ca, Cd, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Ti, V and Zn respectively for edible oils (3Sb/m). The accuracy of the developed method was checked by analyzing certified reference material. The proposed method was applied to different edible oils such as sunflower seed oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil and cod liver oil.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Balikesir University, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.affiliation: School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.affiliation: School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D003060:Cod Liver Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D004492:Edetic Acid; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D010938:Plant Oils; D014131:Trace Elements; D003060:Cod Liver Oil; D004492:Edetic Acid
keywords: Detergentless microemulsions; EDTA; Edible oil; Extraction; ICP-MS; Ultrasound-assisted emulsification