title: [The expression of AQP9 in HepG2 cells affects cell biological behaviors and sensitivity to As2O3].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of aquaporin 9 (AQP9) expression level on the apoptosis and biological behaviors of HepG2 cells induced by arsenic trioxide (As2O3).
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of different concentration As2O3 on the cell proliferation were measured by MTT assay, and IC50 was calculated. The recombinant plasmids pEGFP-N1-AQP9 and pshRNA-AQP9 were transfected into HepG2 cells. The expression of AQP9 mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcription PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Then As2O3 was added to plasmid-transfected cells and untreated HepG2 cells. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, cell cycle and apoptosis rate were determined by flow cytometry, and cell invasion and migration ability were examined by Transwell(TM) (Boyden Chamber) assay. The activity of caspase-3 was detected by microplate reader.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The recombinant plasmids remarkably influenced the expression of AQP9. Compared with the group treated with As2O3 alone (control group), the cell proliferation, invasion and migration of HepG2 cells transfected with pEGFP-N1-AQP9 were attenuated significantly, while the cells transfected with pshRNA-AQP9 increased. The increasing population of apoptotic cells, augmented caspase 3 activity and highest percentage of cells stagnating at G0/G1 phase were observed in HepG2 cells transfected with pEGFP-N1-AQP9 as compared with the control HepG2 cells; in contrast, the HepG2 cells transfected with pshRNA-AQP9 presented with lower caspase 3 activity and stronger invasion and migration ability than the control HepG2 cells did.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The alterations in the expression of AQP9 could affect the biological behaviors of HepG2 cells, but also their sensitivity to As2O3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C109669:AQP9 protein, human; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D020346:Aquaporins; D001152:Arsenicals; D010087:Oxides; D053148:Caspase 3; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide