title: Effectiveness and relevant factors of 2% rebamipide ophthalmic suspension treatment in dry eye.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rebamipide with mucin secretagogue activity was recently approved for the treatment of dry eye. The efficacy and safety in the treatment of rebamipide were shown in two pivotal clinical trials. It was the aim of this study to evaluate the effect of 2% rebamipide ophthalmic suspension in patients with dry eye and analyze relevant factors for favorable effects of rebamipide in clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective cohort study of 48 eyes from 24 patients with dry eye treated with 2% rebamipide ophthalmic suspension. Dry eye-related symptom score, tear film break-up time (TBUT), fluorescein ocular surface staining score (FOS) and the Schirmer test were used to collect the data from patients at baseline, and at 2, 4, 8, and 12 week visits. To determine the relevant factors, multiple regression analyses were then performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean dry eye-related symptom score showed a significant improvement from the baseline (14.5 points) at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks (9.80, 7.04, 7.04 and 7.83 points, corrected P value < 0.001, respectively). Median FOS showed a significant improvement from the baseline (3.0 points) at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks (2.0, 2.0, 1.0 and 1.0 points, corrected P value < 0.001, respectively). TBUT and Schirmer test values were not significantly improved after the treatment. For ocular symptoms, three parameters (foreign body sensation, dry eye sensation and ocular discomfort) showed significant improvements at all visits. The multiple regression analyses showed that the fluorescein conjunctiva staining score was significantly correlated with the changes of dry eye-related symptom score at 12 weeks (P value = 0.017) and dry eye-related symptom score was significantly correlated with independent variables for the changes of FOS at 12 weeks (P value = 0.0097).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two percent rebamipide ophthalmic suspension was an effective therapy for dry eye patients. Moreover the fluorescein conjunctiva staining score and dry eye-related symptom score might be good relevant factors for favorable effects of rebamipide.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan. kaorih1985@live.jp.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan. ytkmatsu@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Matsumiya
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan. keikoike1126@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan. yoshi19834423@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan. tnagai@med.kobe-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan. manakamu@med.kobe-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000409:Alanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003315:Cornea / Q000502:physiology; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D019793:Fluorescein; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D015363:Quinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013535:Suspensions
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D015363:Quinolones; D013535:Suspensions; C052785:rebamipide; D000409:Alanine; D019793:Fluorescein