title: T helper cell mediated-tolerance towards fetal allograft in successful pregnancy.
abstract: Trophoblast HLA-C antigens from paternal origins, which liken the trophoblast to a semiallograft, could be presented by the maternal APCs to the specific maternal CD4+ T helper cells, which could release various cytokines in response to these alloantigens. On the basis of the cytokines produced, these cells can be classified in Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells. Th1 and Th17 cells, known to be responsible for acute allograft rejection, could be involved in miscarriage and Th2 cells together with regulatory CD4+ T cells, known to be involved in allograft tolerance, could be responsible, at least in part, for the success of pregnancy. In this review we focus the role effector CD4+ T cells Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells on the fetal allograft tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education, DENOTHE of the University of Florence, Florence, Italy ; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134 Italy.
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Piccinni
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education, DENOTHE of the University of Florence, Florence, Italy ; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134 Italy.
authors.forename: Letizia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lombardelli
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education, DENOTHE of the University of Florence, Florence, Italy ; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134 Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Logiodice
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education, DENOTHE of the University of Florence, Florence, Italy ; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134 Italy.
authors.forename: Ornela
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kullolli
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education, DENOTHE of the University of Florence, Florence, Italy ; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134 Italy.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Romagnani
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR1043, CNRS UMR5282, Université de Toulouse III, Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse, 31024 France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Le Bouteiller
keywords: Abortion; Allograft; Pregnancy; T helper cells; Th1; Th17; Th2