title: Stereoscopic 3-D content appears relatively veridical when viewed from an oblique angle.
abstract: Geometrically, stereoscopic 3-D (S3D) content should appear distorted unless viewed from the position for which the content was produced. Almost all commercial and laboratory S3D content is generated assuming that it will be presented on a screen frontoparallel to the viewer. However, in cinema and the home, S3D content is regularly viewed from oblique angles, and yet shapes are not usually perceived to be distorted. It is not yet known whether this is simply because viewers are insensitive to incorrect viewing angles or because viewers automatically compensate for oblique viewing, as they do for 2-D content. Here, we investigate this using a canonical-form paradigm. We show that S3D content can indeed appear warped when viewed from oblique angles, and that this effect is more pronounced than for 2-D content. We hypothesized that motion cues in the content would aid in the correct perception of S3D content, making it appear more natural even when viewed obliquely, but we find little support for this idea. However, the perceptual distortions are still small, and viewers do compensate to some extent for oblique viewing. We conclude that, at least as regards object distortion, oblique viewing is unlikely to be substantially more of a problem for S3D content than it already is for 2-D.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hands
authors.forename: Tom V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Smulders
authors.forename: Jenny C A
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Read
mesh_terms: D003463:Cues; D003867:Depth Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D010469:Perceptual Distortion / Q000502:physiology*