title: Sequencing of agents in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
abstract: Until 2010, docetaxel was the only agent with proven survival benefit for castration-resistant prostate cancer. The development of cabazitaxel, abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, radium-223, and sipuleucel-T has increased the number of treatment options. Because these agents were developed concurrently within a short period of time, prospective data on their sequential use efficacy are scarce. The challenge now is to reach a consensus on the best way to sequence effective treatments, ideally by the use of an approach specific to patient subgroups. However, the absence of robust surrogates of survival and the lack of predictive biomarkers makes data for the sequential use of these agents difficult to obtain and interpret.
authors.affiliation: Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lorente
authors.affiliation: Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Joaquin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mateo
authors.affiliation: Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perez-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Johann S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: de Bono
authors.affiliation: Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Electronic address: gerhardt.attard@icr.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Gerhardt
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Attard
mesh_terms: D000069501:Abiraterone Acetate; D000736:Androstenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides; D000077143:Docetaxel; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011883:Radium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D043823:Taxoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000736:Androstenes; D001549:Benzamides; D009570:Nitriles; D011868:Radioisotopes; D043823:Taxoids; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D000077143:Docetaxel; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin; C552428:cabazitaxel; C511774:sipuleucel-T; C540278:enzalutamide; D000069501:Abiraterone Acetate; C581106:radium Ra 223 dichloride; D011883:Radium