title: Enhanced photodynamic efficacy and efficient delivery of Rose Bengal using nanostructured poly(amidoamine) dendrimers: potential application in photodynamic therapy of cancer.
abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment methodology whereby diseased cells and tissues are destroyed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) by using a combination of light and photosensitizers (PS). The medical application of Rose Bengal (RB), photosensitizer with very good ROS generation capability, is limited due to its intrinsic toxicity and insufficient lipophilicity. In this report, we evaluate the potential of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers in delivering RB and its phototoxic efficiency towards a model cancer cell line. The spherical, nanoscaled dendrimers could efficiently encapsulate RB and showed characteristic spectral responses. The controlled release property of dendrimer-RB formulation was clearly evident from the in vitro drug release study. ROS generation was confirmed in dendrimer-RB system upon white light illumination. Photosensitization of Dalton's Lymphoma Ascite (DLA) cells incubated with dendrimer-RB formulation caused remarkable photocytotoxicity. Importantly, the use of dendrimer-based delivery system reduced the dark toxicity of RB.
authors.affiliation: Nanomaterials and System Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea ; Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamilnadu India.
authors.forename: Krishnamoorthy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karthikeyan
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu India.
authors.forename: Anish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.affiliation: Nanomaterials and System Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu India.
authors.forename: Ramachandran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murugesan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamilnadu India.
authors.forename: Kadarkaraithangam
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jeyasubramanian
keywords: Dark toxicity; Dendrimer; Drug delivery; Photodynamic therapy; Phototoxicity; Reactive oxygen species