title: Measurement of charged-particle stopping in warm dense plasma.
abstract: We measured the stopping of energetic protons in an isochorically heated solid-density Be plasma with an electron temperature of ∼32  eV, corresponding to moderately coupled [(e^{2}/a)/(k_{B}T_{e}+E_{F})∼0.3] and moderately degenerate [k_{B}T_{e}/E_{F}∼2] "warm-dense matter" (WDM) conditions. We present the first high-accuracy measurements of charged-particle energy loss through dense plasma, which shows an increased loss relative to cold matter, consistent with a reduced mean ionization potential. The data agree with stopping models based on an ad hoc treatment of free and bound electrons, as well as the average-atom local-density approximation; this work is the first test of these theories in WDM plasma.
authors.affiliation: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Zylstra
authors.affiliation: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Frenje
authors.affiliation: University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Grabowski
authors.affiliation: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fitzsimmons
authors.affiliation: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glenzer
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Graziani
authors.affiliation: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA.
authors.forename: S X
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: M Gatu
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Keiter
authors.affiliation: General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Rygg
authors.affiliation: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Séguin
authors.affiliation: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Petrasso