title: Efficiency of ultrasound and water capsule-guided local injection of botulinum toxin type A treatment on patients with facial spasm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the efficacy of ultrasound and water capsule-guided local injection of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment on patients with facial spasm.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifty-seven cases of facial spasm were randomly divided into oral drug treatment group (group A) (78 cases) and ultrasound and water capsule-guided local injection of botulinum toxin type A treatment group (group B) (79 cases). Cohen, Acbert spasm strength grade scores in each case with facial spasm were recorded. Therapeutic effect, duration, significant efficiency, and muscle spasm strength were compared before and three after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The muscle spasm strength showed no significant change in group A after the treatment. However, the muscle spasm strength was decreased significantly in group B after treatment (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound and water capsule-guided local injection of botulinum toxin type A treatment is a safe, effective, and simple treatment for patients with facial spasm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangyang Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei Province, China. dingxd1018@163.com.
authors.forename: X-D
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: H-X
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H-Q
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: G-B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002214:Capsules; D005155:Facial Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D014867:Water; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A