title: Proneness of TLR5 deficient mice to develop colitis is microbiota dependent.
abstract: Alterations in the gut microbiota have been implicated to play a role in potentiating inflammatory bowel diseases in both humans and mice. Mice lacking the flagellin receptor, toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), are prone to develop spontaneous gut inflammation, but are significantly protected when treated with antibiotics or maintained in germ-free conditions. However, given that the incidence of spontaneous inflammation in TLR5KO mice is quite variable in conventional conditions (typically ∼10% show clear colitis), this result is far from definitive and does not rule out that TLR5KO mice might be prone to develop inflammation even in the absence of a microbiota. Herein, we demonstrate that neutralization of IL10 signaling induces colitis in 100% of TLR5KO mice which provide a more rigorous approach to evaluate the role of microbiota in gut inflammation. Mice treated with antibiotics or maintained in germ-free condition are substantially protected against IL-10R neutralization-induced colitis, underscoring that gut inflammation in TLR5KO mice is dependent upon the presence of a gut microbiota.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nutritional Sciences; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park , PA USA.
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Beng San
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Yeoh
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Andrew T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Gewirtz
authors.forename: Matam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijay-Kumar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003092:Colitis / Q000473:pathology*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D053701:Receptors, Interleukin-10 / Q000172:deficiency; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C556062:IL10 protein, mouse; D053701:Receptors, Interleukin-10; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Abx; Germ-free mice; Gut bacteria; Interleukin-10; Intestinal inflammation; Toll-like receptor; antibiotics; GF; germ-free; IL-10; interleukin 10; MPO; myeloperoxidase.