title: Coxsackievirus B3 infection reduces female mouse fertility.
abstract: Previously we demonstrated coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection during early gestation as a cause of pregnancy loss. Here, we investigated the impacts of CVB3 infection on female mouse fertility. Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression and CVB3 replication in the ovary were evaluated by immunohistochemistry or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). CAR was highly expressed in granulosa cells (GCs) and CVB3 replicated in the ovary. Histological analysis showed a significant increase in the number of atretic follicles in the ovaries of CVB3-infected mice (CVBM). Estrous cycle evaluation demonstrated that a higher number of CVBM were in proestrus compared to mock mice (CVBM vs. mock; 61.5%, 28.5%, respectively). Estradiol concentration in GC culture supernatant and serum were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Baseline and stimulated levels of estradiol in GC were decreased in CVBM, consistent with significantly reduced serum levels in these animals. In addition, aromatase transcript levels in GCs from CVBM were also decreased by 40% relative to the mock. Bone mineral density evaluated by micro-computed tomography was significantly decreased in the CVBM. Moreover, the fertility rate was also significantly decreased for the CVBM compared to the mock (CVBM vs. mock; 20%, 94.7%, respectively). This study suggests that CVB3 infection could interfere with reproduction by disturbing ovarian function and cyclic changes of the uterus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170, Hyeonchung-ro, Namgu, Daegu 705-703, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Ji Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Kyung Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yunhwa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Daewon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jaesook
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Hyeonhae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jung Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hosun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000502:physiology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D030762:Estrous Cycle; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology*; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010053:Ovary / Q000821:virology; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D011991:Receptors, Virus; C105941:coxsackievirus B receptor; D004958:Estradiol