title: Globular adiponectin reduces vascular calcification via inhibition of ER-stress-mediated smooth muscle cell apoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to explore the mechanism of globular adiponectin inhibiting vascular calcification.
  
  
  METHODS
  We established drug-induced rat vascular calcification model, globular adiponectin was given to observe the effect of globular Adiponectin on the degree of calcification. The markers of vascular calcification and apoptosis were also investigated. Meanwhile, the in vitro effect of globular Adiponectin on vascular calcification was also evaluated using primary cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that globular adiponectin could inhibit drug-induced rat vascular calcification significantly in vivo. The apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells was also reduced. The possible mechanism could be the down-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by globular adiponectin. Experiments in primary cultured vascular smooth muscle cells also confirmed that globular adiponectin could reduce cell apoptosis to suppress vascular calcification via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirmed that globular adiponectin could suppress vascular calcification; one of the mechanisms could be inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress to reduce cell apoptosis. It could provide an effective method in the therapy of vascular calcification-associated diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yunfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yueru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jiapu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chuanshi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin
keywords: Vascular calcification; cell apoptosis; endoplasmic reticulum stress; globular adiponectin