title: Tobacco carcinogen NNK-induced lung cancer animal models and associated carcinogenic mechanisms.
abstract: Tobacco usage is a major risk factor in the development, progression, and outcomes for lung cancer. Of the carcinogens associated with lung cancer, tobacco-specific nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is among the most potent ones. The oncogenic mechanisms of NNK are not entirely understood, hindering the development of effective strategies for preventing and treating smoking-associated lung cancers. Here, we introduce the NNK-induced lung cancer animal models in different species and its potential mechanisms. Finally, we summarize several chemopreventive agents developed from these animal models.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Zhe
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China chenc@mail.kiz.ac.cn xtrgfq@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tian-Rui
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China chenc@mail.kiz.ac.cn xtrgfq@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ceshi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D023421:Models, Animal; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009602:Nitrosamines; C016583:4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
keywords: NNK; animal model; lung cancer; oncogenic mechanisms