title: Targeted release and fractionation reveal glucuronylated and sulphated N- and O-glycans in larvae of dipteran insects.
abstract: Mosquitoes are important vectors of parasitic and viral diseases with Anopheles gambiae transmitting malaria and Aedes aegypti spreading yellow and Dengue fevers. Using two different approaches (solid-phase extraction and reversed-phase or hydrophilic interaction HPLC fractionation followed by MALDI-TOF MS or permethylation followed by NSI-MS), we examined the N-glycans of both A. gambiae and A. aegypti larvae and demonstrate the presence of a range of paucimannosidic glycans as well as bi- and tri-antennary glycans, some of which are modified with fucose or with sulphate or glucuronic acid residues; the latter anionic modifications were also found on N-glycans of larvae from another dipteran species (Drosophila melanogaster). The sulphate groups are attached primarily to core α-mannose residues (especially the α1,6-linked mannose), whereas the glucuronic acid residues are linked to non-reducing β1,3-galactose. Also, O-glycans were found to possess glucuronic acid and sulphate as well as phosphoethanolamine modifications. The presence of sulphated and glucuronylated N-glycans is a novel feature in dipteran glycomes; these structures have the potential to act as additional anionic glycan ligands involved in parasite interactions with the vector host.
authors.affiliation: Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurz
authors.affiliation: Complex Carbohydrate Research Centre, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Chunsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Niclas G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.affiliation: Complex Carbohydrate Research Centre, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tiemeyer
authors.affiliation: Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria. Electronic address: iain.wilson@boku.ac.at.
authors.forename: Iain B H
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paschinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D005936:Glucans / Q000378:metabolism*; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D007814:Larva / Q000378:metabolism; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D013431:Sulfates; D020723:Glucuronic Acid
keywords: Glycans; Glycomics; HPLC; Insects; Mass spectrometric; Oligosaccharides