title: A rapid LC-MS/MS method for quantitative profiling of fatty acids, sterols, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in grapes.
abstract: The abundance of lipids in plants is influenced by genotype and phenotype. Despite being a very important class of plant metabolites, knowledge of grape lipids is still very limited to date, with the exception of those located in seeds. Few investigations of grape lipids have shown that their profile depends on grape maturity, the variety and their location in the berry. Recent advances in liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry have paved the way for faster analysis of lipids with minimal sample preparation. Here we describe a validation method for the extraction, identification and quantification of different classes of grape lipids: fatty acids, sterols, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids using liquid chromatographic electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The method was validated for 33 lipids, with linearity range (R(2)=0.95-1.00), LOQ (0.003-14.88 ng mL(-1)) and intraday and interday repeatability being evaluated for each lipid. The lipid profiling method developed was successfully applied to the analysis of 18 grape samples (10 red grape and 8 white grape varieties) from 4 different genetic groups: Vitis vinifera, Vitis non-vinifera, Muscat and hybrid; 33 lipids were identified and quantified. This method, which can be easily expanded to include further compounds and other plant tissues, is the starting point for analysis of the lipid profile in different grape tissues, an essential goal for better understanding the role of lipids in grape physiology.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Della Corte
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chitarrini
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Iole Maria
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Di Gangi
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Masuero
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soini
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mattivi
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy. Electronic address: urska.vrhovsek@fmach.it.
authors.forename: Urska
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Vrhovsek
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D020404:Glycerophospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000032:analysis; D013261:Sterols / Q000032:analysis; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D020404:Glycerophospholipids; D008055:Lipids; D013107:Sphingolipids; D013261:Sterols
keywords: Fatty acids; Glycerolipids; Glycerophospholipids; Grape; Lipidomics; Sterols