title: Finite Element Analysis of the Endodontically-treated Maxillary Premolars restored with Composite Resin along with Glass Fiber Insertion in Various Positions.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of three methods of glass fiber insertion on stress distribution pattern and cusp movement of the root-filled maxillary premolars using finite element method (FEM) analysis.
  
  
  
  A three-dimensional (3 D) FEM model of a sound upper premolar tooth and four models of root-filled upper premolars with mesiocclusodistal (MOD) cavities were molded and restored with: (1) Composite resin only (NF); (2) Composite resin along with a ribbon of glass fiber placed in the occlusal third (OF); (3) Composite resin along with a ribbon of glass fiber placed circumferentially in the cervical third (CF), and (4) Composite resin along with occlusal and circumferential fibers (OCF). A static vertical load was applied to calculate the stress distributions. Structural analysis program by Solidworks were used for FEM analysis. Von-Mises stress values and cusp movements induced by occlusal loading were evaluated.
  
  
  
  Maximum Von-Mises stress of enamel occurred in sound tooth, followed by NF, CF, OF and OCF. Maximum Von-Mises stress of dentin occurred in sound tooth, followed by OF, OCF, CF and NF. Stress distribution patterns of OF and OCF were similar. Maximum overall stress values were concentrated in NF. Although stress distribution patterns of NF and CF were found as similar, CF showed lower stress values. Palatal cusp movement was more than buccal cusp in all of the models.
  
  
  
  The results of our study indicated that while the circumferential fiber had little effect on overall stress concentration, it provided a more favorable stress distribution pattern in cervical region. The occlusal fiber reduced the average stress in the entire structure but did not reduce cuspal movement.
  
  
  
  Incorporating glass fiber in composite restorations may alter the stress state within the structure depending on fiber position.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Elmira Jafari
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Navimipour
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Iran, Phone: 00987116263193 e-mail: frouzmandi@sums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Firouzmandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanics of Agricultural Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh Sadat
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Mirhashemi
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid / Q000473:pathology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000473:pathology; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000473:pathology; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000473:pathology; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008437:Maxilla; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000473:pathology; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000473:pathology; D019553:Tooth, Nonvital / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; C009753:fiberglass
keywords: Endodontically-treated premolars; Fiber reinforced composite resin; Finite element analysis; Stress distribution.