title: Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency: A Mutation Update.
abstract: Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is an X-linked trait that accounts for nearly half of all inherited disorders of the urea cycle. OTC is one of the enzymes common to both the urea cycle and the bacterial arginine biosynthesis pathway; however, the role of OTC has changed over evolution. For animals with a urea cycle, defects in OTC can trigger hyperammonemic episodes that can lead to brain damage and death. This is the fifth mutation update for human OTC with previous updates reported in 1993, 1995, 2002, and 2006. In the 2006 update, 341 mutations were reported. This current update contains 417 disease-causing mutations, and also is the first report of this series to incorporate information about natural variation of the OTC gene in the general population through examination of publicly available genomic data and examination of phenotype/genotype correlations from patients participating in the Urea Cycle Disorders Consortium Longitudinal Study and the first to evaluate the suitability of systematic computational approaches to predict severity of disease associated with different types of OTC mutations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Systems Biology, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, Washington DC 20010, USA.
authors.forename: Ljubica
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Caldovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, College of Arts and Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abdikarim
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Professional Studies, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Sahas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narain
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Systems Biology, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, Washington DC 20010, USA.
authors.forename: Mendel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuchman
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Systems Biology, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, Washington DC 20010, USA. Electronic address: HMorizono@childrensnational.org.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morizono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009954:Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D020163:Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D009954:Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase
keywords: Hyperammonemia; Mutation; Ornithine transcarbamylase; Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency; Urea cycle