title: Effect of IGF-1 and Uncultured Autologous Bone-Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cells on Repair of Osteochondral Defect in Rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the utility of bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMNCs) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in articular cartilage repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  An osteochondral defect of 3 mm diameter and 5 mm depth was created in patellar groove of the left knee joint in each of 36 New Zealand White rabbits. The defect was filled with RPMI-1640 medium in group A (control), autologous BMNCs in group B, and autologous BMNCs plus IGF-1 in group C (n = 12). Healing of the defect was assessed by gross, scanning electron microscopic, radiographic, and histological examinations up to 90 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gross and scanning electron microscopic examination of the healing site revealed superior gross morphology and surface architecture of the healing tissue in the animals of group C as compared to other groups. Radiographically on day 90, the defect area was not distinguishable from the surrounding area in group C, but a small circular defect area was still evident in groups A and B. The regenerated tissue was mostly hyaline in group C and fibrocartilage in groups A and B. The cells were well organized and showed better deposition of proteoglycans in groups C and B than in group A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that implantation of bone-marrow-derived nucleated cells may facilitate the healing of osteochondral defects; however, the combination of BMNCs and IGF-1 induces faster and histologically better healing than the BMNCs alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinics, Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, Bihar, India.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tiwary
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.lastname: Amarpal
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Hari Prasad
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Aithal
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kinjavdekar
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Abhijit M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pawde
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
keywords: articular cartilage; bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells; insulin like growth factor-1; rabbits