title: Multi-residue pesticide analysis (gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection)-Improvement of the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method for dried fruits and fat-rich cereals-Benefit and limit of a standardized apple purée calibration (screening).
abstract: Some steps of the QuEChERS method for the analysis of pesticides with GC-MS/MS in cereals and dried fruits were improved or simplified. For the latter, a mixing vessel with stator-rotor-system proved to be advantageous. The extraction procedure of dried fruits is much easier and safer than the Ultra Turrax and results in excellent validation data at a concentration level of 0.01mg/kg (116 of 118 analytes with recoveries in the range of 70-120%, 117 of 118 analytes with RSD <20%). After qualifying problematic lipophilic pesticides in fat-rich cereals (fat content >7%), predominantly organochlorines showed recoveries of <70% in quantification when the standard QuEChERS method with water was used. A second extraction was carried out analogous to the QuEChERS method, however, without the addition of water. With this simple modification, the problematic lipophilic pesticides, which had been strongly affected by the fat content of the commodities, could be determined with recoveries above 70% even at a concentration level of 0.01mg/kg. Moreover, a GC-MS/MS screening method for 120 pesticides at a concentration level of 0.01mg/kg was established by employing analyte protectants (ethylglycerol, gulonolactone, and sorbitol). The use of only one standardized calibration, made of an apple purée extract in combination with analyte protectants, allowed for a qualitative and quantitative analysis of 120 pesticides in different matrix extracts (tomato, red pepper, sour cherries, dried apples, black currant powder, raisins, wheat flour, rolled oats, wheat germ). The analyte protectants leveled the differences in the matrix-induced protection effect of the analyzed extracts over a wide range. The majority of the pesticides were analyzed with good analytical results (recoveries in the range of 70-120% and RSD <20%).
authors.affiliation: Technical University Dresden, Food Chemistry, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: claudia.rasche@gmx.net.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rasche
authors.affiliation: Dr August Oetker Nahrungsmittel KG, D-33617 Bielefeld, Germany. Electronic address: Britta.Fournes@oetker.de.
authors.forename: Britta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fournes
authors.affiliation: Dr August Oetker Nahrungsmittel KG, D-33617 Bielefeld, Germany. Electronic address: Uwe.Dirks@oetker.de.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dirks
authors.affiliation: Technical University Dresden, Food Chemistry, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: karl.speer@chemie.tu-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Speer
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues
keywords: Analyte protectants; Cereals and dried fruits; GC–MS/MS; Pesticides; QuEChERS; Sample preparation