title: Development of the Cognitive Test for Severe Dementia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Existing cognitive measures for moderate-to-severe dementia have shown floor effects and an inability to assess the remaining cognitive function, especially for profound dementia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We constructed the Cognitive Test for Severe Dementia (CTSD), which consists of 13 items covering 7 cognitive domains, and examined its reliability and validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cronbach's α in severe dementia participants was 0.896. Interrater and test-retest reliability were 0.961 and 0.969, respectively. The CTSD showed a significant correlation with 3 other measures of cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination, Severe Cognitive Impairment Rating Scale, and Hasegawa Dementia Scale-Revised: r values = 0.870-0.922, p values <0.001). While the other measures showed floor effects, the CTSD did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CTSD was able to sensitively capture the remaining cognitive function in severe dementia patients when compared with other cognitive tests.
authors.affiliation: Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Habikino, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yuma
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Masayasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takebayashi
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inokawa
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuhara
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Haga
authors.forename: Yasuro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakegawa
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index