title: P2X7R activation drives distinct IL-1 responses in dendritic cells compared to macrophages.
abstract: The P2X(7)R is a functionally distinct member of the P2X family of non-selective cation channels associated with rapid activation of the inflammasome complex and signalling interleukin (IL)-1β release in macrophages. The main focus of this investigation was to compare P2X(7)R-driven IL-1 production by primary murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDC) and macrophages (BMM). P2X(7)R expression in murine BMDC and BMM at both transcriptional (P2X(7)A variant) and protein levels was demonstrated. Priming with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and receptor activation with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) resulted in markedly enhanced IL-1 (α and β) secretion in BMDC compared with BMM. In both cell types IL-1 production was profoundly inhibited with a P2X(7)R-specific inhibitor (A-740003) demonstrating that this release is predominantly a P2X(7)R-dependent process. These data also suggest that P2X(7)R and caspase-1 activation drive IL-1α release from BMDC. Both cell types expressed constitutively the gain-of-function P2X(7)K as well as the full P2X(7)A variant at equivalent levels. LPS priming reduced significantly levels of P2X(7)A but not P2X(7)K transcripts in both BMDC and BMM. P2X(7)R-induced pore formation, assessed by YO-PRO-1 dye uptake, was greater in BMDC, and these cells were protected from cell death. These data demonstrate that DC and macrophages display distinct patterns of cytokine regulation, particularly with respect to IL-1, as a consequence of cell-type specific differences in the physicochemical properties of the P2X(7)R. Understanding the cell-specific regulation of these cytokines is essential for manipulating such responses in health and disease.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Smith Building, The University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Pavlos C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Englezou
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Smith Building, The University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Simon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Rothwell
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Smith Building, The University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ainscough
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Smith Building, The University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brough
authors.affiliation: BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landsiedel
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Smith Building, The University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Alexei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verkhratsky
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Smith Building, The University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kimber
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Smith Building, The University of Manchester, UK. Electronic address: rebecca.dearman@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dearman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000276:immunology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D058486:Receptors, Purinergic P2X7 / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D058486:Receptors, Purinergic P2X7
keywords: A-740003; Dendritic cells; Interleukin-1; Macrophages; P2X(7)R