title: Effects of general, specific and combined warm-up on explosive muscular performance.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of general, specific and combined warm-up (WU) on explosive performance. Healthy male (n = 10) subjects participated in six WU protocols in a crossover randomized study design. Protocols were: passive rest (PR; 15 min of passive rest), running (Run; 5 min of running at 70% of maximum heart rate), stretching (STR; 5 min of static stretching exercise), jumping [Jump; 5 min of jumping exercises - 3x8 countermovement jumps (CMJ) and 3x8 drop jumps from 60 cm (DJ60)], and combined (COM; protocols Run+STR+Jump combined). Immediately before and after each WU, subjects were assessed for explosive concentric-only (i.e. squat jump - SJ), slow stretch-shortening cycle (i.e. CMJ), fast stretch-shortening cycle (i.e. DJ60) and contact time (CT) muscle performance. PR significantly reduced SJ performance (p =0.007). Run increased SJ (p =0.0001) and CMJ (p =0.002). STR increased CMJ (p =0.048). Specific WU (i.e. Jump) increased SJ (p =0.001), CMJ (p =0.028) and DJ60 (p =0.006) performance. COM increased CMJ performance (p =0.006). Jump was superior in SJ performance vs. PR (p =0.001). Jump reduced (p =0.03) CT in DJ60. In conclusion, general, specific and combined WU increase slow stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) muscle performance, but only specific WU increases fast SSC muscle performance. Therefore, to increase fast SSC performance, specific fast SSC muscle actions must be included during the WU.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, MEDS Clinic. Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, MEDS Clinic. Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Henriquez-Olguín
authors.affiliation: Cellular Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile ; Education Department, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Beltrán
authors.affiliation: Cellular Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Cellular Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Labarca
authors.affiliation: Cellular Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cornejo
authors.affiliation: Family Health Center of Los Lagos, Health Promotion Program, Los Lagos, Chile.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile ; Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Campillo
keywords: explosive strength; plyometric exercise; warm-up