title: Intravitreal autologous plasmin prepared by urokinase for vitreolysis: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of intravitreal autologous plasmin injection (IVAP) on vitreoretinal diseases and vitreolysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this interventional, prospective, case series pilot study, 8 eyes were assigned to IVAP. Plasminogen as centrifuged from the patients' plasma was converted to plasmin by adding urokinase. A total of 0.2 mL extracted plasmin was injected intravitreally. Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and potential injection-related complications at week 4 were the primary outcome measures. Secondary outcomes included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (VA) (logMAR) and central macular thickness (CMT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the patients was 54.35 years. Two patients had complete PVD and 3 patients had partial PVD. Four patients had decrease in CMT. The VA was not changed in 6 patients, improved in 1 patient, and decreased in 1 patient. No uveitis, endophthalmitis, or postinjection vitreous hemorrhage was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot study demonstrated the efficacy of urokinase-prepared IVAP injection on releasing vitreomacular traction and inducing vitreolysis.
authors.affiliation: Al-Zahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan - Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maleki
authors.affiliation: Al-Zahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan - Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed-Reza
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Tohidi-Zand
authors.affiliation: Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran - Iran.
authors.forename: Naser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amirizadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan - Iran.
authors.forename: Javid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dehghan-Haghighi
authors.affiliation: Al-Zahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan - Iran.
authors.forename: Habibollah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zanjani
authors.affiliation: Al-Zahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan - Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arish
authors.affiliation: Al-Zahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan - Iran.
authors.forename: Amir-Masoud
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Salari
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mirhosseini
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abrishami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000737:chemistry*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects*; D020255:Vitreous Detachment / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D005341:Fibrinolysin; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator