title: The beneficial role of curcumin on inflammation, diabetes and neurodegenerative disease: A recent update.
abstract: The concept of using phytochemicals has ushered in a new revolution in pharmaceuticals. Naturally occurring polyphenols (like curcumin, morin, resveratrol, etc.) have gained importance because of their minimal side effects, low cost and abundance. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a component of turmeric isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. Research for more than two decades has revealed the pleiotropic nature of the biological effects of this molecule. More than 7000 published articles have shed light on the various aspects of curcumin including its antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Apart from these well-known activities, this natural polyphenolic compound also exerts its beneficial effects by modulating different signalling molecules including transcription factors, chemokines, cytokines, tumour suppressor genes, adhesion molecules, microRNAs, etc. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a pivotal role in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular diseases. Curcumin, therefore, could be a therapeutic option for the treatment of these diseases, provided limitations in its oral bioavailability can be overcome. The current review provides an updated overview of the metabolism and mechanism of action of curcumin in various organ pathophysiologies. The review also discusses the potential for multifunctional therapeutic application of curcumin and its recent progress in clinical biology.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Shatadal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Sharmistha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India. Electronic address: parames@jcbose.ac.in.
authors.forename: Parames C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Sil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D003474:Curcumin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Antioxidant; Cancer; Curcumin; Diabetes; Inflammation; Neurodegenerative disease