title: Catheter for Cleaning Surgical Optics During Surgical Procedures: A Possible Solution for Residue Buildup and Fogging in Video Surgery.
abstract: Currently, there is a tendency to perform surgical procedures via laparoscopic or thoracoscopic access. However, even with the impressive technological advancement in surgical materials, such as improvement in quality of monitors, light sources, and optical fibers, surgeons have to face simple problems that can greatly hinder surgery by video. One is the formation of "fog" or residue buildup on the lens, causing decreased visibility. Intracavitary techniques for cleaning surgical optics and preventing fog formation have been described; however, some of these techniques employ the use of expensive and complex devices designed solely for this purpose. Moreover, these techniques allow the cleaning of surgical optics when they becomes dirty, which does not prevent the accumulation of residue in the optics. To solve this problem we have designed a device that allows cleaning the optics with no surgical stops and prevents the fogging and residue accumulation. The objective of this study is to evaluate through experimental testing the effectiveness of a simple device that prevents the accumulation of residue and fogging of optics used in surgical procedures performed through thoracoscopic or laparoscopic access. Ex-vivo experiments were performed simulating the conditions of residue presence in surgical optics during a video surgery. The experiment consists in immersing the optics and catheter set connected to the IV line with crystalloid solution in three types of materials: blood, blood plus fat solution, and 200 mL of distilled water and 1 vial of methylene blue. The optics coupled to the device were immersed in 200 mL of each type of residue, repeating each immersion 10 times for each distinct residue for both thirty and zero degrees optics, totaling 420 experiments. A success rate of 98.1% was observed after the experiments, in these cases the device was able to clean and prevent the residue accumulation in the optics.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Santa Marcelina Itaquera, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Igor Renato Louro Bruno
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: de Abreu
authors.affiliation: Hospital Santa Marcelina Itaquera, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Conrado
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Abrão
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Santa Marcelina, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Rodrigues
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Santa Marcelina, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa Teresa Cirera
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Corrêa
authors.affiliation: Hospital São José, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Riad Nain
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Younes
mesh_terms: D057785:Catheters; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D007909:Lenses; D020535:Video-Assisted Surgery / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards