title: Spatial-temporal characteristics of phosphorus in non-point source pollution with grid-based export coefficient model and geographical information system.
abstract: In this paper, the spatial changes and trends in non-point source (NPS) total phosphorus (TP) pollution were analyzed by land and non-land uses in the Songliao River Basin from 1986 to 2000 (14 years). A grid-based export coefficient model was used in the process of analysis based on to a geographic information system. The Songliao Basin is divided in four regions: Liaoning province, Jilin province (JL), Heilongjiang province and the eastern part of the Inner Mongolia (IM) Autonomous Region. Results indicated that the NPS phosphorus load caused by land use and non-land use increased steadily from 3.11×10(4) tons in 1986 to 3.49×10(4) tons in 2000. The southeastern region of the Songliao Plain was the most important NPS pollution contributor of all the districts. Although the TP load caused by land use decreased during the studied period in the Songliao River Basin, the contribution of land use to the TP load was dominant compared to non-land uses. The NPS pollution caused by non-land use steadily increased over the studied period. The IM Autonomous Region and JL province had the largest mean annual rate of change among all districts (more than 30%). In this area, livestock and poultry breeding had become one of the most important NPS pollution sources. These areas will need close attention in the future.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China E-mail: liurm@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ruimin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 10012, China.
authors.forename: Guangxia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China E-mail: liurm@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China E-mail: liurm@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiujuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China E-mail: liurm@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Mengchang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus