title: Lifting baselines to address the consequences of conservation success.
abstract: Biologists and policymakers are accustomed to managing species in decline, but for the first time in generations they are also encountering recovering populations of ocean predators. Many citizens perceive these species as invaders and conflicts are increasing. It is time to celebrate these hard-earned successes and lift baselines for recovering species.
authors.affiliation: Gund Institute for Ecological Economics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA. Electronic address: jroman@uvm.edu.
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.
authors.forename: Meagan M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dunphy-Daly
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Read
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D056727:Endangered Species; D008322:Mammals; D011157:Population Dynamics
keywords: conservation success; endangered species; historical abundance; marine mammals; recovery; shifting baselines