title: Chemistry, natural sources, dietary intake and pharmacokinetic properties of ferulic acid: A review.
abstract: Ferulic acid (FA) is an abundant dietary antioxidant which may offer beneficial effects against cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. The impact of FA on health depends on its intake and pharmacokinetic properties. In this article, the literature pertaining to chemistry, natural sources, dietary intake and pharmacokinetic properties of FA is critically reviewed. High levels of FA are found in both free and bound forms in vegetables, fruits, cereals, and coffee. We have estimated that consumption of these foods may result in approximately 150-250mg/day of FA intake. FA can be absorbed along the entire gastrointestinal tract and metabolized mainly by the liver. The absorption and metabolism of FA seem to be dose dependent at least in experimental settings. Further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies are required to characterize the impact of FA on human health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6.
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6. Electronic address: mmoghadasian@sbrc.ca.
authors.forename: Mohammed H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Moghadasian
keywords: Absorption; Antioxidant; Bioavailability; Dietary intake; Ferulic acid; Metabolism; Pharmacokinetics; Phenolic acids