title: The estimation of consumer health risk associated with organochlorine xenobiotics in hard smoked cheese in Poland.
abstract: The aim of this study was to estimate the health risks associated with consumption of smoked cheeses, which are popular in Poland. The analysis covered polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) indicator congeners (ndl-PCBs: PCB 28, PCB 52, PCB 101, PCB 138, PCB 153, PCB 180), dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs): non-ortho (PCB 77, PCB 81, PCB 126, PCB 169) and mono-ortho (PCB 105, PCB 114, PCB 118, PCB 156, PCB 157), as well as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs: αHCH, βHCH, γHCH, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxid isomer B, dieldrin, pp'DDE op'DDD, pp'DDT, pp'DDD, op'DDT, endrin). The pesticide residues detected in the examined cheese were below the maximum residues levels. The estimated daily intake [lifetime average daily dose (LADD)] referring to the sum of the compounds varied within 4.21 · 10(-7)-3.92 · 10(-6) mg · kg(-1) · day(-1) and was significantly lower than the tolerable daily intake/acceptable daily intake (TDI/ADI) for individual compounds. The health hazard quotient, being the exact measure of the magnitude of exposure potential or a quantifiable potential for developing non-carcinogenic health effects after an averaged exposure period, was also very low, ranging from 2.87 · 10(-6) to 5.32 · 10(-5). The obtained results confirmed that the intake of rennet cheese does not pose any consumer health risk in Poland.
authors.affiliation: a Toxicology Department, West Pomeranian University of Technology , Szczecin , Poland.
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Witczak
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pohoryło
mesh_terms: D002611:Cheese / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis; D011044:Poland; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010575:Pesticides; D015262:Xenobiotics; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs); PCBs; health risk; smoked cheese