title: Measurement of cardiac troponin I in healthy lactating dairy cows using a point of care analyzer (i-STAT-1).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) has been shown to be an accurate predictor of myocardial injury in cattle. The point-of-care i-STAT 1 immunoassay can be used to quantify blood cTnI in cattle. However, the cTnI reference interval in whole blood of healthy early lactating dairy cows remains unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine a blood cTnI reference interval in healthy early lactating Holstein dairy cows using the analyzer i-STAT 1.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty healthy lactating dairy Holstein cows (0-60 days in milk) were conveniently selected from four commercial dairy farms. Each selected cow was examined by a veterinarian and transthoracic echocardiography was performed. A cow-side blood cTnI dosage was measured at the same time. A bootstrap statistical analysis method using unrestricted resampling was used to determine a reference interval for blood cTnI values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty healthy cows were recruited in the study. Median blood cTnI was 0.02 ng/mL (minimum: 0.00, maximum: 0.05). Based on the bootstrap analysis method with 40 cases, the 95th percentile of cTnI values in healthy cows was 0.036 ng/mL (90% CI: 0.02-0.05 ng/mL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A reference interval for blood cTnI values in healthy lactating cows was determined. Further research is needed to determine whether cTnI blood values could be used to diagnose and provide a prognosis for cardiac and noncardiac diseases in lactating dairy cows.
authors.affiliation: Clinique Ambulatoire Bovine, Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, PO Box 5000, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Labonté
authors.affiliation: Clinique Ambulatoire Bovine, Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, PO Box 5000, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Clinique Ambulatoire Bovine, Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, PO Box 5000, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jocelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dubuc
authors.affiliation: Clinique Ambulatoire Bovine, Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, PO Box 5000, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: s.buczinski@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buczinski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003612:Dairying; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019210:Troponin I
keywords: Biomarker; Bootstrap; Echocardiography; Reference interval