title: One-sided hip-preserving and concurrent contralateral total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of bilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head in different stages: short-medium term outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological short-medium term outcomes for the treatment of bilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) with hip-preserving surgery of core decompression followed by tightly impaction bone grafting combining with non-vascularized fibular allografting in one hip and concurrent one-stage total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the contralateral side. We hypothesized the aforementioned surgery showed benefits of protecting the preserved hip from collapsing and thereafter THA was delayed or avoided.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of 18 non-traumatic bilateral ONFH patients (36 hips) who had undergone previous mentioned surgeries between July 2004 and June 2013. Preoperative and the last follow-up Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score were obtained for clinical outcomes evaluation and X-rays of antero-posterior and frog-leg lateral views of bilateral hips were compared for radiological outcomes assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were telephone contacted for out-patient clinic return visit at an average follow-up time of 53.3 months (ranged from 20 months to 107 months). Of the 18 patients (15 men and 3 women), there were 5 patients were diagnosed preoperative IIB stages according to classification of the Association Research Circulation Osseuse classification (ARCO) and the remaining 13 patients were in ARCO IIIC stages. The mean age of the included patients was 40.7 years (range from 22 to 59 years). No age and followed-up time difference existed in genders. The postoperative HHS were 83.8 ± 17.9 points, and it revealed statistical significance when compared to preoperative 61.6 ± 17.0 points (p < 0.05). The VAS scores were reduced from preoperative 6.2 ± 2.0 points to postoperative 2.8 ± 2.3 points, which also manifested outcomes significance (p < 0.05). From radiological aspects, 14 patients acquired well repairmen of the necrotic areas of the femoral head. However, the other 4 patients ultimately suffered femoral head collapse, and the severe pain was gotten rid of after THA surgeries were performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The un-collapsed hip can achieve biological stability and sufficient blood supply through the hip-preserving surgery and obtain longtime repairmen of the necrotic bone as well as early non-weight-bearing function training, which benefits from distributing the whole body weight load to the hip of one-stage THA. Consequently, we recommend this sort of surgery for clinical practice trial when faced bilateral ONFH in different stages though longer time follow-up and larger samples are essentially needed to address its efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 16#, 510405, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. 13711456292@163.com.
authors.forename: Yirong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 16#, 510405, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. 892106536@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 16#, 510405, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. foreverarsene@126.com.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 16#, 510405, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. 402771845@qq.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 16#, 510405, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. 327266108@qq.com.
authors.forename: Feilong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 16#, 510405, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. 4657237@qq.com.
authors.forename: Jianchun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 16#, 510405, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. 531667142@qq.com.
authors.forename: Chunzhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 16#, 510405, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. 460441726@qq.com.
authors.forename: Jinlun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D064591:Allografts; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D005260:Female; D005270:Femur Head / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005271:Femur Head Necrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult