title: Toxicity of Millettia ferruginea darasana (family: Fabaceae) against the larvae and adult ticks of Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius a three-host tick in cattle.
abstract: The in vitro toxicity of Millettia ferruginea darasana (family: Fabaceae) was tested against the larvae adult male and female of a three-host tick, Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius (family: Ixodidae or hard tick), known as 'tropical bont tick' parasitic mainly to cattle found in Ethiopia and other equatorial Africa. The 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 % concentrations of the seed oil extracted with petroleum ether were found to kill all (100 % mortality) larvae after 12, 9, 6, 3 and 1.5 h respectively. The results summarized in the Table 1 was found to be statistically significant at the probability level of p = 0.05. The 100 % concentration of the oil caused 100 % mortality of adult male, adult female and fully engorged female tick after 5, 7 and 12 h respectively. The root and root bark showed less toxicity. The leaves did not show any toxicity. [Table: see text].
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The School of Postgraduate Studies, Dilla University, P.O. Box 419, Dilla, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Manash Kumar
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The School of Postgraduate Studies, Dilla University, P.O. Box 419, Dilla, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Yoseph
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiferaw
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The School of Postgraduate Studies, Dilla University, P.O. Box 419, Dilla, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussen
keywords: Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius; Cattle; Fabaceae; In vitro; Millettia ferruginea; Tick; Toxicity