title: Fasting Plasma Insulin at 5 Years of Age Predicted Subsequent Weight Increase in Early Childhood over a 5-Year Period-The Da Qing Children Cohort Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between hyperinsulinemia and obesity is well known. However, it is uncertain especially in childhood obesity, if initial fasting hyperinsulinemia predicts obesity, or obesity leads to hyperinsulinemia through insulin resistance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the predictive effect of fasting plasma insulin on subsequent weight change after a 5-year interval in childhood.
  
  
  METHODS
  424 Children from Da Qing city, China, were recruited at 5 years of age and followed up for 5 years. Blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, fasting plasma insulin, glucose and triglycerides were measured at baseline and 5 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fasting plasma insulin at 5 years of age was significantly correlated with change of weight from 5 to 10 years (ΔWeight). Children in the lowest insulin quartile had ΔWeight of 13.08±0.73 kg compare to 18.39±0.86 in the highest insulin quartile (P<0.0001) in boys, and similarly 12.03±0.71 vs 15.80±0.60 kg (P<0.0001) in girls. Multivariate analysis showed that the predictive effect of insulin at 5 years of age on subsequent weight gain over 5 years remained statistically significant even after the adjustment for age, sex, birth weight, TV-viewing time and weight (or body mass index) at baseline. By contrast, the initial weight at 5 years of age did not predict subsequent changes in insulin level 5 years later. Children who had both higher fasting insulin and weight at 5 years of age showed much higher levels of systolic blood pressures, fasting plasma glucose, the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and triglycerides at 10 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fasting plasma insulin at 5 years of age predicts weight gain and cardiovascular risk factors 5 year later in Chinese children of early childhood, but the absolute weight at 5 years of age did not predict subsequent change in fasting insulin.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Cardiovascular disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yan Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Cardiology, Da Qing First Hospital, Da Qing, China.
authors.forename: Jin Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Cardiology, Da Qing First Hospital, Da Qing, China.
authors.forename: Ya Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Cardiology, Da Qing First Hospital, Da Qing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Cardiology, Da Qing First Hospital, Da Qing, China.
authors.forename: Ying Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Kok Onn
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Cardiovascular disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Guang Wei
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides