title: Controlling the degradation kinetics of porous iron by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) infiltration for use as temporary medical implants.
abstract: Iron and its alloy have been proposed as biodegradable metals for temporary medical implants. However, the formation of iron oxide and iron phosphate on their surface slows down their degradation kinetics in both in vitro and in vivo scenarios. This work presents new approach to tailor degradation behavior of iron by incorporating biodegradable polymers into the metal. Porous pure iron (PPI) was vacuum infiltrated by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to form fully dense PLGA-infiltrated porous iron (PIPI) and dip coated into the PLGA to form partially dense PLGA-coated porous iron (PCPI). Results showed that compressive strength and toughness of the PIPI and PCPI were higher compared to PPI. A strong interfacial interaction was developed between the PLGA layer and the iron surface. Degradation rate of PIPI and PCPI was higher than that of PPI due to the effect of PLGA hydrolysis. The fast degradation of PIPI did not affect the viability of human fibroblast cells. Finally, this work discusses a degradation mechanism for PIPI and the effect of PLGA incorporation in accelerating the degradation of iron.
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices Technology Group (MediTeg), Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abdul Hakim Md
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Yusop
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices Technology Group (MediTeg), Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nurizzati Mohd
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Daud
authors.affiliation: Center for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nur
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices Technology Group (MediTeg), Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Rafiq Abdul
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kadir
authors.affiliation: 1] Medical Devices Technology Group (MediTeg), Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia [2] Dept. of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering &CHU de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Hendra
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hermawan
mesh_terms: D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D016062:Porosity; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared
chemical_list: D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D007501:Iron