title: Comparison of Methods for Determining ABO Blood Type in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis).
abstract: Thorough examination of ABO blood type in cynomolgus monkeys is an essential experimental step to prevent humoral rejection during transplantation research. In the present study, we evaluated current methods of ABO blood-antigen typing in cynomolgus monkeys by comparing the outcomes obtained by reverse hemagglutination, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, and buccal mucosal immunohistochemistry. Among 21 animals, 5 were type A regardless of the method. However, of 8 serologically type B animals, 3 had a heterozygous type AB SNP profile, among which 2 failed to express A antigen, as shown by immunohistochemical analysis. Among 8 serologically type AB animals, 2 appeared to be type A by SNP analysis and immunohistochemistry. None of the methods identified any type O subjects. We conclude that the expression of ABO blood-group antigens is regulated by an incompletely understood process and that using both SNP and immunohistochemistry might minimize the risk of incorrect results obtained from the conventional hemagglutination assay.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyojun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Orient Genia, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
authors.forename: Kahee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Orient Genia, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
authors.forename: Wan J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. kmhyj.kim@samsung.com.
authors.forename: Sung J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000818:Animals; D001788:Blood Grouping and Crossmatching / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D006384:Hemagglutination; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System