title: Carmellose Mucoadhesive Oral Films Containing Vermiculite/Chlorhexidine Nanocomposites as Innovative Biomaterials for Treatment of Oral Infections.
abstract: Infectious stomatitis represents the most common oral cavity ailments. Current therapy is insufficiently effective because of the short residence time of topical liquid or semisolid medical formulations. An innovative application form based on bioadhesive polymers featuring prolonged residence time on the oral mucosa may be a solution to this challenge. This formulation consists of a mucoadhesive oral film with incorporated nanocomposite biomaterial that is able to release the drug directly at the target area. This study describes the unique approach of preparing mucoadhesive oral films from carmellose with incorporating a nanotechnologically modified clay mineral intercalated with chlorhexidine. The multivariate data analysis was employed to evaluate the influence of the formulation and process variables on the properties of the medical preparation. This evaluation was complemented by testing the antimicrobial and antimycotic activity of prepared films with the aim of finding the most suitable composition for clinical application. Generally, the best results were obtained with sample containing 20 mg of chlorhexidine diacetate carried by vermiculite, with carmellose in the form of nonwoven textile in its structure. In addition to its promising physicomechanical, chemical, and mucoadhesive properties, the formulation inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus and Candida; the effect was prolonged for tens of hours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého Třída 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2551-1099
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gajdziok
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17 Listopadu 15/2172, Poruba, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic ; T4Innovations Centre of Excellence, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17 Listopadu 15/2172, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Sylva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holešová
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 17 Listopadu 1790/5, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Štembírek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health Ostrava, Centre of Clinical Laboratories, Partyzánské Náměstí 7, 702 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Erich
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pazdziora
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého Třída 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Landová
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého Třída 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6271-5544
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Doležel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého Třída 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vetchý
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D009055:Mouth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers; D048271:Chitosan; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; D002710:Chlorhexidine