title: Effect of extraction conditions on lycopene extractions from tomato processing waste skin using response surface methodology.
abstract: Skin, rich in lycopene, is an important component of waste originating from tomato paste manufacturing plants. A central composite design with five independent variables, namely solvent/meal ratio (20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1, and 60:1v/w); number of extractions (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5); temperature (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60°C); particle size (0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.43mm); extraction time (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20min) was used to study their effects on lycopene extraction. The experimental values of lycopene ranged between 0.639 and 1.98mg/100g. The second order model obtained for extracted lycopene revealed a coefficient of determination (R(2)) of 0.99 and a standard error of 0.03. Maximum lycopene (1.98mg/100g) was extracted when the solvent/meal ratio, number of extractions, temperature, particle size and extraction time were 30:1v/w, 4, 50°C, 0.15mm and 8min, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, India.
authors.forename: Devinder
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, India.
authors.forename: Ali Abas
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, India.
authors.forename: D P S
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Oberoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, India. Electronic address: sogids@gmail.com.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sogi
keywords: Lycopene; Response surface methodology; Skin; Tomato waste pomace