title: Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the duck viperin gene.
abstract: Viperin is well known as one of the interferon-stimulated genes involved in innate immunity. Recent studies showed that this gene is mainly responsible for antiviral response to a large variety of viral infections. In this study, we successfully cloned and characterized the complete coding sequence of duck viperin gene. The duck viperin gene encodes 363 amino acids (aa) and is highly similar to viperins from other species. Moreover, secondary and 3D structures were predicted, and these structures showed two main domains, one signal peptide, and one radical S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) domain. Additionally, the duck viperin expression was analyzed in vitro and in vivo, and analysis results indicated that the duck viperin can be strongly up-regulated by poly(I:C) and Newcastle disease virus in primary duck embryo fibroblast cells. Results also demonstrated that Newcastle disease virus significantly induced duck viperin expression in the spleen, kidneys, liver, brain, and blood. Our findings will contribute to future studies on the detailed functions and potential underlying mechanisms of this novel protein in innate immunity.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xujiaping, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zifu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xujiaping, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xujiaping, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xujiaping, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xujiaping, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhuqiyun@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Qiyun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004372:Ducks / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D015870:Gene Expression; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010802:Phylogeny; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000494:pharmacology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D011070:Poly I-C
keywords: Duck viperin; Newcastle disease virus; Protein structure; mRNA expression