title: Management of Borderline Ovarian Tumors Based on Patient and Tumor Characteristics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Borderline ovarian tumors are staged similarly to invasive ovarian tumors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We wanted to better understand which tumors were associated with disease recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective cohort analysis at a single institution between 1984 and 2005. Cases were confirmed by pathology report. Multivariate analysis was done to evaluate factors associated with recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  143 cases were identified. Mean follow-up was 73.5 months. The overall risk of recurrence was 12%. The hazard ratio for risk of recurrence was highest among seromucinous tumors at 4.04 and lowest among mucinous tumors at 0.53. Only 4% of mucinous tumors, 15.5% of serous tumors and 28.6% of seromucinous tumors recurred. 2% of mucinous tumors had an appendix positive for metastasis. No mucinous tumor had nodal disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on our data, a low rate of appendiceal or lymph node involvement was observed in mucinous tumors, as was a low risk of recurrence. Less aggressive staging may be considered if a mucinous tumor is identified on frozen section with a normal-appearing appendix in the absence of pseudomyxoma peritonei. In patients with a serous or a seromucinous tumor, complete surgical staging is recommended. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Gary H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Altwerger
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ratner
authors.forename: Lingeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Dan-Arin
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Silasi
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azodi
authors.forename: Alessandro D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Santin
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Rutherford