title: Clinical effect of white matter network disruption related to amyloid and small vessel disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We tested our hypothesis that the white matter network might mediate the effect of amyloid and small vessel disease (SVD) on cortical thickness and/or cognition.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively recruited 232 patients with cognitive impairment. Amyloid was assessed using Pittsburgh compound B-PET. SVD was quantified as white matter hyperintensity volume and lacune number. The regional white matter network connectivity was measured as regional nodal efficiency by applying graph theoretical analysis to diffusion tensor imaging data. We measured cortical thickness and performed neuropsychological tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SVD burden was associated with decreased nodal efficiency in the bilateral frontal, lateral temporal, lateral parietal, and occipital regions. Path analyses showed that the frontal nodal efficiency mediated the effect of SVD on the frontal atrophy and frontal-executive dysfunction. The temporoparietal nodal efficiency mediated the effect of SVD on the temporoparietal atrophy and memory dysfunction. However, Pittsburgh compound B retention ratio affected cortical atrophy and cognitive impairment without being mediated by nodal efficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that a disrupted white matter network mediates the effect of SVD, but not amyloid, on specific patterns of cortical atrophy and/or cognitive impairment. Therefore, our findings provide insight to better understand how amyloid and SVD burden can give rise to brain atrophy or cognitive impairment in specific patterns.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kiho
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hunki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Changsoo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeo Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Na-Yeon
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung Seok
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Geon Ha
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: En-Da
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Seung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yearn Seong
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Han
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ewers
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Duk L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Nuclear Medicine (Y.S.C., K.H.L.), and Radiology (S.T.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Neuroscience Center (H.J.K., Y.J.K., N.-Y.J., E.-D.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Newborn Medicine (K.I.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.K., J.-M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Preventive Medicine (C.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Preventive Medicine (C.K.) and Neurology (B.S.Y.), and Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital (H.C.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (Y.N.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Departments of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.) and Neurology (J.H.L.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (M.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation (D.L.N., S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea. sangwonseo@empal.com.
authors.forename: Sang Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056647:Systemic Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D066127:White Matter / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides