title: Low bilirubin levels are an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan. Electronic address: kaneto@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaneto
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tawaramoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanda-Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashiramoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mune
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaku
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007564:Japan; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D015415:Biomarkers; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D001663:Bilirubin
keywords: Diabetic nephropathy; Diabetic retinopathy; Total bilirubin