title: Antioxidant and renoprotective activity of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in nephrectomized rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidative stress is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic renal failure (CRF). In this study, the effect of cyclodextrins (CDs) on oxidative stress and CRF was investigated using 5/6 nephrectomized rats as model animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  CRF model rats were divided into five groups and treated for 8 weeks as follows: control, α-CD, β-CD, γ-CD and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD). Blood was collected from the rats after 4 and 8 weeks for an analysis of renal function and oxidative stress tests were carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An oral administration of HP-β-CD over an 8-week period resulted in a significant decrease in serum indoxyl sulphate, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, compared with the other CDs. The ingestion of HP-β-CD also resulted in an increase in antioxidant potential, compared with the other CDs. In in vitro studies, the interaction of HP-β-CD with a uremic toxin, indole molecule, was much higher than that for the other CDs, as evidenced by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1) H NMR) measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the ingestion of HP-β-CD might result in a significant reduction in the levels of pro-oxidants in the gastrointestinal tract, such as uremic toxins, thereby inhibiting the subsequent development of oxidative stress in the systemic circulation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.|DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anraku
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iohara
authors.affiliation: Fine Chemicals Department, Nihon Shokuhin Kako Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.|DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otagiri
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaneto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uekama
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.|DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumitoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hirayama
mesh_terms: D000073738:2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007200:Indican / Q000097:blood; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051381:Rats; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D007211:Indoles; D012709:Serum Albumin; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D000073738:2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; C030374:indole; D003404:Creatinine; D007200:Indican
keywords: 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; chronic renal failure; oxidative stress; uremic toxins