title: Recent approaches for reducing hemolytic activity of chemotherapeutic agents.
abstract: Drug induced hemolysis is a frequent complication associated with chemotherapy. It results from interaction of drug with erythrocyte membrane and leads to cell lysis. In recent past, various approaches were made to reduce drug-induced hemolysis, which includes drug polymer conjugation, drug delivery via colloidal carriers and hydrogels, co-administration of botanical agents and modification in molecular chemistry of drug molecules. The basic concept behind these strategies is to protect the red blood cells from membrane damaging effects of drugs. There are several examples of drug polymer conjugate that either are approved by Food and Drug Administration or are under clinical trial for delivering drugs with reduced toxicities. Likewise, colloidal carriers are also used successfully nowadays for the delivery of various chemotherapeutic agents like gemcitabine and amphotericin B with remarkable decrease in their hemolytic activity. Similarly, co-administration of botanical agents with drugs works as secondary system proving protection and strength to erythrocyte membranes. In addition to the above statement, interaction hindrance between RBC and drug molecule by molecular modification plays an important role in reducing hemolysis. This review predominantly describes the above recent approaches explored to achieve the reduced hemolytic activity of drugs especially chemotherapeutic agents.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, SSTC, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.
authors.forename: Gunjan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jeswani
authors.affiliation: Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka, Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India.
authors.forename: Shailendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saraf
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India.
authors.forename: Swarnlata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saraf
authors.affiliation: Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka, Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India.
authors.forename: Azra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka, Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India. Electronic address: write2ajaz@gmail.com.
authors.lastname: Ajazuddin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers
keywords: Chemotherapeutic agent; Colloidal carriers; Hemolysis; Polymer-drug conjugation