title: Perihematomal Cellular Injury Is Reduced by Trans-sodium Crocetinate in a Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
abstract: The carotenoid compound trans-sodium crocetinate (TSC) has been shown to increase oxygenation in various tissues, including the brain. Notably, TSC can enhance oxygenation under conditions of reduced blood flow, thus attenuating the depth of an ischemic challenge. This study examined the impact of TSC on neuronal loss in an animal model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Utilizing a rat model of collagenase injection, TSC was shown to reduce perihematomal cellular loss after ICH, as assessed by Fluoro-Jade B staining in tissue sections. This is the first evidence demonstrating that TSC is capable of limiting hemorrhagic injury to neurons in the brain. The finding supports the concept that TSC may represent a candidate therapeutic for early intervention regardless of whether a stroke is hemorrhagic or ischemic in nature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, PO Box 801392, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schretter
authors.forename: Ryon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Kevin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002338:Carotenoids; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002452:Cell Count; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017364:Collagenases / Q000633:toxicity; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000032:analysis; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis; D006406:Hematoma / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011699:Putamen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C435731:fluoro jade; C487773:trans-sodium crocetinate; D014801:Vitamin A; D002338:Carotenoids; D017364:Collagenases