title: Pain management with retrobulbar alcohol injection in absolute glaucoma.
abstract: Ocular pain can be multi-factorial and often refractory to treatment, in spite of the myriad options available to the ophthalmologist for its management. Initial therapy entails the use of topical and systemic pressure lowering agents as well as anti-inflammatory/analgesics for the provision of relief. Those refractory to medical therapy may require surgical intervention in the form of cyclodestructive procedures, retrobulbar injection of absolute alcohol and evisceration or enucleation. A case series of 5 patients of absolute glaucoma who were successfully treated with retrobulbar alcohol injection is reported. Pain was recorded on a verbal analogue score (VAS).All the patients were pain free twelve months after the injection. No significant long term complications were observed. This case series emphasizes the fact that retrobulbar alcohol injection can play an important role in the alleviation of pain in patients with absolute glaucoma.
authors.affiliation: Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.affiliation: Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tayyab
authors.affiliation: Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad.
authors.forename: Ayisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kausar
authors.affiliation: Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad.
authors.forename: Sulman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jaffar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058447:Eye Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D056965:Injections, Intraocular; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D009915:Orbit; D059408:Pain Management; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012997:Solvents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D008012:Lidocaine
keywords: Pain, Retrobulbar alcohol, Refractory glaucoma, Neovascular glaucoma.