title: The Australian 75+ Health Assessment: could it detect early functional decline better?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to identify opportunities to improve the reach and impact of the Australian Medicare 75+ Health Assessment (75+HA) to detect early functional decline (FD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparison of two published review articles produced two outputs: (1) assessments identified in the systematic review that underpinned the 75+HA items were ranked for evidence of effectiveness and compared with the volume of research into assessment areas identified by a recent review on indicators of early FD; and (2) items in the 75+HA were compared with those in the recent review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The review underpinning the 75+HA found 19 assessment areas, with strongest evidence of effectiveness for vision/hearing, teeth/oral, balance/gait, cognitive and service use. The more recent review reported on six domains (eight subdomains) of FD assessment: physical and cognitive elements of the performance capacity domain were the least well assessed, whereas the most comprehensively assessed domains were health service use, performance capacity (mental subdomain), participation (motivation/volition subdomain) and demographics. The 75+HA addresses only some items related to early FD as identified by the recent literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reassessment of the 75+HA with a view to including current evidence-based assessments for early FD is recommended. Updating the 75+HA items with ways to detect FD earlier may increase its relevance to Australia's ageing population.
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, Sansom Institute of Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, School of Health Science, Centenary, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. Email: ;
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grimmer
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, Sansom Institute of Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, School of Health Science, Centenary, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. Email: ;
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, Sansom Institute of Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, School of Health Science, Centenary, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. Email: ;
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milanese
authors.affiliation: Safety and Quality in Health, Sansom Institute of Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, School of Nursing, Centenary, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. Email.
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Price
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, Sansom Institute of Health Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, School of Health Science, Centenary, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. Email: ;
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kay
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D016330:Frail Elderly; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans