title: Reduced graphene oxide modified smart conducting paper for cancer biosensor.
abstract: We report results of the studies relating to the fabrication of a paper based sensor comprising of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (
  PSS) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite. The effect of various solvents like methanol, ethylene glycol and H2SO4 on the electrical conductivity of
  PSS coated Whatman paper has been investigated. The conductivity of this solution processed conducting paper significantly increases from ~1.16×10(-4) S cm(-1) up to ~3.57×10(-2) S cm(-1) (~300 times) on treatment with ethylene glycol. The observed significant increase in electrical conductivity is due to conformational rearrangement in the polymer and is due to strong non-covalent cooperative interaction between PEDOT and the cellulose molecules. Further, incorporation of RGO into the conducting paper results in improved electrochemical performance and signal stability. This paper electrode is a promising alternative over the expensive conventional electrodes (ITO, gold and glassy carbon), that are known to have limited application in smart point-of-care (POC) devices. This low cost, flexible and environment friendly conducting paper based biosensor utilized for cancer biomarker (carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA) detection reveals high sensitivity of 25.8 µA ng(-1) mL cm(-2) in the physiological range, 1-10 ng mL(-1).
authors.affiliation: Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi 110042, India.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi 110042, India.
authors.forename: Suveen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi 110042, India.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini, Delhi 110085, India.
authors.forename: Birendra K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Applied Materials Institute for BIN Convergence, Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: lsh1@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seung H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi 110042, India.
authors.forename: Jai G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini, Delhi 110085, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Doval
authors.affiliation: Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi 110042, India. Electronic address: bansi.malhotra@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bansi D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Malhotra
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004867:Equipment Design; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010209:Paper; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D011137:Polystyrenes; D013876:Thiophenes; C533756:poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate); D006108:Graphite
keywords: Biosensor; Cancer; Conducting paper; PEDOT:PSS