title: The physical demands of Super League rugby: Experiences of a newly promoted franchise.
abstract: The physical match demands for a newly promoted European Super League (ESL) squad were analysed over a full season using global positioning systems. Players were classified into four positional groups: outside backs (OB), pivots (PIV), middle unit forwards (MUF) and wide running forwards (WRF). MUF covered less total distance (4318 ± 570 m) than WRF (6408 ± 629 m), PIV (6549 ± 853) and OB (7246 ± 333 m) (P < 0.05) and less sprint distance (185 ± 58 m) than WRF (296 ± 82 m), PIV (306 ± 108) and OB (421 ± 89 m; P < 0.05), likely attributable to less playing time by MUF (47.8 ± 6.6 min) compared with WRF (77.0 ± 9.0 min), PIV (72.8 ± 10.6 min) and OB (86.7 ± 3.4 min; P < 0.05). Metres per minute were greater for MUF (90.8 ± 2.2 m.min(-1)) compared with OB (83.6 ± 2.8 m.min(-1)) and WRF (83.4 ± 2.4 m.min(-1); P = 0.001) although not different from PIV (90.2 ± 3.3 m.min(-1); P > 0.05). WRF (36 ± 5) and MUF (35 ± 6) were involved in more collisions than OB (20 ± 3) and PIV (23 ± 3; P < 0.05). The high-speed running and collision demands observed here were greater than that previously reported in the ESL, which may reflect increased demands placed on the lower ranked teams. The present data may be used to inform coaches if training provides the physical stimulus to adequately prepare their players for competition which may be especially pertinent for newly promoted franchises.
authors.affiliation: a Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK.|b Widnes Vikings Rugby League Club , Widnes , UK.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: b Widnes Vikings Rugby League Club , Widnes , UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.affiliation: a Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK.|b Widnes Vikings Rugby League Club , Widnes , UK.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Haigh
authors.affiliation: a Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lake
authors.affiliation: a Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.affiliation: a Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Close
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D005538:Football / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013996:Time and Motion Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Time-motion analysis; microtechnology; positional activity profiles; team sports