title: Identification of two key genes controlling chill haze stability of beer in barley (Hordeum vulgare L).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In bright beer, haze formation is a serious quality problem, degrading beer quality and reducing its shelf life. The quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L) malt, as the main raw material for beer brewing, largely affects the colloidal stability of beer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, the genetic mechanism of the factors affecting beer haze stability in barley was studied. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of alcohol chill haze (ACH) in beer was carried out using a Franklin/Yerong double haploid (DH) population. One QTL, named as qACH, was detected for ACH, and it was located on the position of about 108 cM in chromosome 4H and can explain about 20 % of the phenotypic variation. Two key haze active proteins, BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd were identified by proteomics analysis. Bioinformatics analysis showed that BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd had the same position as qACH in the chromosome. It may be deduced that BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd are candidate genes for qACH, controlling colloidal stability of beer. Polymorphism comparison between Yerong and Franklin in the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd detected the corresponding gene specific markers, which could be used in marker-assisted selection for malt barley breeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified a novel QTL, qACH controlling chill haze of beer, and two key haze active proteins, BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd. And further analysis showed that BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd might be the candidate genes associated with beer chill haze.
authors.affiliation: Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.|Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Lingzhen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huajiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Chengdao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, P.O.Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS 7249, Hobart, Australia.
authors.forename: Meixue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China. zhanggp@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guoping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis*; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D004171:Diploidy; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D040901:Proteomics; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins