title: Genetic determinants of fetal opiate exposure and risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome: Knowledge deficits and prospects for future research.
abstract: Opiate-dependent pregnant women receive opiate maintenance medications to prevent illicit use and withdrawal. Fetal opiate exposure causes central nervous system (CNS) alterations which manifest as postnatal physical withdrawal. The extensive variability in the Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome phenotype remains unexplained and may be related to variability in fetal exposure and response. Improved understanding of functionally significant genetic variants in pathways influencing placental opiate transfer and fetal response can lead to personalized maternal therapy and optimized neonatal outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.|Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dinh
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Leeder
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000235:genetics; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D058850:Opiate Substitution Treatment / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D010641:Phenotype; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid