title: Differences in the seminal plasma proteome are associated with oxidative stress levels in men with normal semen parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the seminal plasma proteome in association with semen lipid peroxidation levels in men with normal semen parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University andrology and research laboratories.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 156 normozoospermic men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seminal lipid peroxidation levels were assessed in individual samples through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances quantification. Subsequently, lipid peroxidation data were used to divide the samples into the experimental groups: low lipid peroxidation levels (control group, bottom 15%, n = 23) and high lipid peroxidation levels (study group, top 15%, n = 23). Seminal plasma proteins from these groups were pooled (four pools per group, with biological variation between the pools) and used for a shotgun proteomic analysis using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach. Quantitative data were used for univariate (unpaired Student's t test) and multivariate (partial least-squares discriminant analysis, logistic regression, and discriminant analyses) statistical analyses. Significant proteins were also used for functional enrichment analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seminal plasma protein profile and postgenomic pathways of seminal plasma are associated with seminal lipid peroxidation levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 629 proteins were quantified in seminal plasma. Of these, 23 proteins were absent or underexpressed and 71 were exclusive or overexpressed in the study group. The main enriched functions in association with seminal lipid peroxidation were unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis, oxidants and antioxidants activity, cellular response to heat stress, and immune response. Moreover, we suggested mucin-5B as a potential biomarker of semen oxidative stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The seminal plasma proteome does reflect semen lipid peroxidation status and, thus, oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, São Paulo Federal University-São Paulo Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Intasqui
authors.affiliation: Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, São Paulo Federal University-São Paulo Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Pereira
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Antoniassi
authors.affiliation: Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, São Paulo Federal University-São Paulo Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcílio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nichi
authors.affiliation: Fleury Group, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valdemir Melechco
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Fleury Group, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karina Helena Morais
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Cardozo
authors.affiliation: Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, São Paulo Federal University-São Paulo Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: dsz.danielsz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Daniel Suslik
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Zylbersztejn
authors.affiliation: Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, São Paulo Federal University-São Paulo Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Pimenta
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bertolla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D020543:Proteome / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012661:Semen / Q000378:metabolism*; D055101:Semen Analysis / Q000379:methods; D029589:Seminal Plasma Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D029589:Seminal Plasma Proteins
keywords: Lipid peroxidation; oxidative stress; proteomics; seminal plasma; sperm