title: Vitamin E has a beneficial effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitamin E is often used in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the magnitude of treatment response associated with vitamin E in improving liver function and histology in NAFLD/NASH has not, to our knowledge, been quantified systematically. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using vitamin E in the treatment of NAFLD/NASH.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane Library Full Text Database, and Japan Medical-Literature Database (Igaku Chuo Zasshi) were searched until March 2014, and five RCTs were identified for meta-analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to a random effect model analysis of the five studies, vitamin E significantly reduced aspartate transaminase (AST) by -19.43 U/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) by -28.91 U/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by -10.39 U/L, steatosis by -0.54 U/L, inflammation by -0.20 U/L, and hepatocellular ballooning by -0.34 U/L compared with the control group. Vitamin E treatment with NASH adult patients showed obvious reductions in not only AST of -13.91 U/L, ALT by -22.44 U/L, steatosis of -0.67 U/L, inflammation of -0.20 U/L, but also fibrosis of -0.30 U/L compared to the control treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin E significantly improved liver function and histologic changes in patients with NAFLD/NASH.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan. Electronic address: ken90041@aichi-med-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical Research Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gosho
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Norimitsu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiomi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakade
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoneda
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000178:diet therapy; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000178:diet therapy; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Meta-analysis; NAFLD; NASH; Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; Vitamin E; α-Tocopherol