title: [Invasive fungal disease (IFD) by filamentous fungi in the Valparaíso Region, Chile, since implementation of rapid laboratory diagnosis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) by filamentous fungi are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, especially those with myeloid leukemia. In 2011 a protocol for the rapid diagnosis of IFD by filamentous fungi was implemented in Valparaiso Region.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe cases of IFD by filamentous fungi of the Valparaíso Region, since the implementation of rapid diagnosis and to compare results with the period 2004-2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive and prospective study conducted in two public hospitals: Carlos van Buren at Valparaiso and Gustavo Fricke at Viña del Mar. We selected patients with a diagnosis of filamentous fungal diseases considering the EORTC/MSG criteria. Demographics, underlying diseases, risk factors for EFI, galactomannan (GM) results in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage, cultures and biopsies, treatment and overall lethality rates at 30 days were registered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients were detected, 6 with proven and 12 probable IFD. Nine were diagnosed by GM, 8 by culture and two with both methods. In cases which the agent (9/18) was isolated from Rhizopus oryzae was the most frequent. When comparing overall lethality with the period 2004-2009, there was a reduction of 47.8%, which was statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to data previously published in the region, demographic and comorbidities of patients with IFD caused by filamentous fungi are similar, however the currently rapid diagnosis protocol has improved survival of patients and lethality experienced overall decrease.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Patricio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Álvarez
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Provoste
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ducasse
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Díaz
mesh_terms: D002677:Chile; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic