title: Extracellular signaling cues for nuclear actin polymerization.
abstract: Contrary to cytoplasmic actin structures, the biological functions of nuclear actin filaments remain largely enigmatic. Recent progress in the field, however, has determined nuclear actin structures in somatic cells either under steady state conditions or in response to extracellular signaling cues. These actin structures differ in size and shape as well as in their temporal appearance and dynamics. Thus, a picture emerges that suggests that mammalian cells may have different pathways and mechanisms to assemble nuclear actin filaments. Apart from serum- or LPA-triggered nuclear actin polymerization, integrin activation by extracellular matrix interaction was recently implicated in nuclear actin polymerization through the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex. Some of these extracellular cues known so far appear to converge at the level of nuclear formin activity and subsequent regulation of myocardin-related transcription factors. Nevertheless, as the precise signaling events are as yet unknown, the regulation of nuclear actin polymerization may be of significant importance for different cellular functions as well as disease conditions caused by altered nuclear dynamics and architecture.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical-Pharmacological Center (BPC), University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 1, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plessner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical-Pharmacological Center (BPC), University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 1, 35043 Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: robert.grosse@staff.uni-marburg.de.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grosse
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D058105:Polymerization; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D000099251:Myocardin
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000099251:Myocardin; C511173:Mrtfa protein, mouse
keywords: Formin; LINC complex; Myocardin-related transcription factor; Nuclear actin