title: Single Cell Electrical Characterization Techniques.
abstract: Electrical properties of living cells have been proven to play significant roles in understanding of various biological activities including disease progression both at the cellular and molecular levels. Since two decades ago, many researchers have developed tools to analyze the cell's electrical states especially in single cell analysis (SCA). In depth analysis and more fully described activities of cell differentiation and cancer can only be accomplished with single cell analysis. This growing interest was supported by the emergence of various microfluidic techniques to fulfill high precisions screening, reduced equipment cost and low analysis time for characterization of the single cell's electrical properties, as compared to classical bulky technique. This paper presents a historical review of single cell electrical properties analysis development from classical techniques to recent advances in microfluidic techniques. Technical details of the different microfluidic techniques are highlighted, and the advantages and limitations of various microfluidic devices are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310-UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. asraf@biomedical.utm.my.
authors.forename: Muhammad Asraf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mansor
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310-UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. ridzuan@fke.utm.my.
authors.forename: Mohd Ridzuan
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D017097:Electric Impedance; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000379:methods*; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis / Q000379:methods*
keywords: conversional patch clamp; electrical properties; electrorotation; impedance flow cytometry; microelectrical impedance spectroscopy (µEIS); single cell analysis (SCA)