title: Improved nephrostomy tube can reduce percutaneous nephrolithotomy postoperative bleeding.
abstract: Renal hemorrhage is one of the most common and worrisome complications of post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This study aimed at evaluating the safety, effectiveness of utilization of the absorbable hemostatic gauze cover renal tract for hemorrhage of post-PCNL. The prospective study including 188 patients with upper urinary tract calculi was carried out in the department of Urology at Linyi People's Hospital from November 2011 to September 2013. All patients underwent PCNL procedures and they were divided into two groups randomly before the procedure. Group A (n=91) was indwelled a 16F catheter as nephrostomy tube at the end of the surgery, Group B (n=97) was indwelled a 14F catheter covered with absorbable hemostatic gauze for hemostasis. Blood loss was estimated based on the mass of hemoglobin in the draining liquid and urine during postoperative duration by HiCN method. The average blood loss was 25.76±23.99 g for Group A, and 14.25±6.87 g for Group B, respectively, with statistical difference by comparison (P<0.05). The delta hemoglobin was 16.24±10.98 mmol/L for Group A, and 10.71±5.57 mmol/L for Group B, respectively, also with statistical difference by comparison (P<0.05). Nephrostomy channel applications of absorbable hemostatic gauze after PCNL can significantly reduce postoperative bleeding. Utilizing the absorbable hemostatic gauze for post-PCNL hemorrhage is safe, effective and feasible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Xiangfei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Detroit Medical Center Detroit, MI 48201, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Donghua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Zaogoutou Hospital Linyi 276003, China.
authors.forename: Chengtian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Linyi 276000, China ; Department of Urology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Wenzhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Fengfu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
keywords: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL); absorbable hemostatic gauze; hemorrhage; upper urinary tract calculi