title: Factors Associated With Presenteeism and Psychological Distress Using a Theory-Driven Approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test a model of presenteeism on the basis of established and emerging theories separated into organizational and individual factors that could be mediated by psychological distress.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a Web survey of 2371 employees (response rate of 48%) of a provincial government agency. We assessed theories with validated measures for organizational and individual factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychological distress was negatively associated to presenteeism, when controlling for sex, short-term work absence in the last year, and social desirability. Both individual and organizational factors were related to psychological distress. The most important factors included the presence of stress events in the preceding 6 months, extrinsic efforts (interruptions, work requirements), self-esteem as a worker, and internal amotivation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By identifying modifiable factors, our results suggest that the implementation of a work organization structure that promotes stimulation and accomplishment would reduce psychological distress and further presenteeism.
authors.affiliation: From the Charles LeMoyne Research Centre (Dr Coutu, Dr Corbière, Dr Durand, Ms Labrecque, Dr Berbiche, and Ms Albert), Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil; and Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (Dr Nastasia), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-France
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Coutu
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corbière
authors.forename: Marie-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: Iuliana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nastasia
authors.forename: Marie-Elise
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Labrecque
authors.forename: Djamal
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berbiche
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Albert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000069597:Presenteeism / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017132:Workplace / Q000458:organization & administration*; D055815:Young Adult