title: Intracranial bleedings in patients on long-term anticoagulant treatment: Benefits from oral thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors in clinical practice.
abstract: Dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor and activated factor X inhibitors, rivaroxaban and apixaban, used in the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), have several advantages over vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). The non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been shown to reduce the risk of intracranial bleedings by 50%. The current review summarizes the available data on the epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment of intracranial bleedings observed on oral anticoagulation with the focus on the specificity of NOACs in this context.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: mlukasik@ump.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Łukasik
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic and Treatment Centre INTERLAB, Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: k.zawilska@interia.pl.
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zawilska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine and John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: mmundas@cyf-kr.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Anetta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Undas
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors; D013917:Thrombin
keywords: Intracranial bleeding; Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant; Stroke