title: Depression history as a moderator of relations between cortisol and shame responses to social-evaluative threat in young adults.
abstract: Changes in cortisol and shame are commonly elicited by psychosocial stressors involving social-evaluative threat. According to social self preservation theory, this coordinated psychobiological response is adaptive. Individuals with a history of depression, however, may exhibit diminished cortisol reactivity to acute stressors, which could interfere with coordinated cortisol and shame responses. The present study examined temporal relations between cortisol and shame responses to a psychosocial stress task in young adults who varied in their history of depression (56 remitted-depressed, 46 never-depressed). Lagged effects multilevel models revealed that depression history moderated relations between cortisol levels and shame ratings 25-55min later. The pattern of these interactions was similar: whereas higher cortisol levels predicted increases in shame in never-depressed individuals, cortisol levels were unrelated to shame responses in remitted-depressed individuals. Findings suggest a dissociation between cortisol and shame responses to stress in individuals with a history of depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine (NH and MCM) and the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (MCM), Meharry Medical College, from Children's Mental Health Services Research Center (UR), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and from the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (JG), Psychiatry (JG), Pediatrics (UR), and Kennedy Center (UR, JG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hellman
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine (NH and MCM) and the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (MCM), Meharry Medical College, from Children's Mental Health Services Research Center (UR), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and from the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (JG), Psychiatry (JG), Pediatrics (UR), and Kennedy Center (UR, JG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, USA. Electronic address: mmorris@mmc.edu.
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine (NH and MCM) and the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (MCM), Meharry Medical College, from Children's Mental Health Services Research Center (UR), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and from the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (JG), Psychiatry (JG), Pediatrics (UR), and Kennedy Center (UR, JG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Uma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine (NH and MCM) and the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (MCM), Meharry Medical College, from Children's Mental Health Services Research Center (UR), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and from the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (JG), Psychiatry (JG), Pediatrics (UR), and Kennedy Center (UR, JG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism*; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012752:Shame; D012938:Social Perception; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Cortisol; Depression; Shame; Social-evaluative threat; Stress