title: Contraceptive Vaginal Rings: Do They Pose an Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Aesthetic Surgery?
abstract: Nuvaring (Organon, Kenilworth, NJ) is a vaginal contraception ring inserted by the patient. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2001 for the prevention of pregnancy. The intent of this paper is to increase the awareness of Nuvaring among plastic surgeons, and to explore the risks associated with its use. We report the cases of two cosmetic surgery patients. These patients developed deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary emboli in the postoperative period while using Nuvaring. The very advantages of the Nuvaring-the ease of use, the avoidance of daily administration, and the insertion and removal of the device by the patient-may lead to the failure of patients to recollect being on a vaginal ring for contraception.
  
  
  METHODS
  4 Risk.
authors.affiliation: Dr Paresi is in private practice in Chicago, IL, and is an Attending Plastic Surgeon with Mercy Health System in Lake Geneva, WI, and Woodstock, IL. Dr Myers is an Assistant Professor in the Division of Plastic Surgery at the University of Toledo Medical Center in Toledo, OH. Dr Alan Matarasso is an Attending Surgeon at Manhattan Eye Ear and Throat Hospital (MEETH) and Lenox Hill Hospital, both part of the North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Paresi
authors.affiliation: Dr Paresi is in private practice in Chicago, IL, and is an Attending Plastic Surgeon with Mercy Health System in Lake Geneva, WI, and Woodstock, IL. Dr Myers is an Assistant Professor in the Division of Plastic Surgery at the University of Toledo Medical Center in Toledo, OH. Dr Alan Matarasso is an Attending Surgeon at Manhattan Eye Ear and Throat Hospital (MEETH) and Lenox Hill Hospital, both part of the North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System.
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.affiliation: Dr Paresi is in private practice in Chicago, IL, and is an Attending Plastic Surgeon with Mercy Health System in Lake Geneva, WI, and Woodstock, IL. Dr Myers is an Assistant Professor in the Division of Plastic Surgery at the University of Toledo Medical Center in Toledo, OH. Dr Alan Matarasso is an Attending Surgeon at Manhattan Eye Ear and Throat Hospital (MEETH) and Lenox Hill Hospital, both part of the North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matarasso
mesh_terms: D061645:Abdominoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000328:Adult; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019928:Breast Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003274:Contraceptive Devices, Female / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017135:Desogestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D017128:Embolectomy; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D004338:Drug Combinations; C516519:NuvaRing; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D017135:Desogestrel