title: Assessment of the IFN-β response to four feline caliciviruses: Infection in CRFK cells.
abstract: Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen with a widespread distribution. Although the cat genome has been sequenced, little is known about innate immunity in cats, which limits the understanding of FCV pathogenesis. To investigate the IFN-β response during FCV infection in CRFK cells, we first cloned and identified the feline IFN-β promoter sequence and the positive regulatory domain (PRD) motifs, which shared a high similarity with human and porcine IFN-β promoters. Next, we found that infections with FCV strains F9, Bolin and HRB-SS at the 100 or 1000 TCID50 doses could not activate the IFN-β promoter at 12 and 24h post-infection. Only strain 2280 infection at a 1000 TCID50 dose could induce the IFN-β promoter mainly through IRF3 and partially through NF-κB, at 24h post-infection. However, the IFN response occurred much later and was smaller in magnitude compared with that following Sendai virus (SeV) infection. Further, we found that induction of the IFN-β promoter by FCV 2280 infection depended on dsRNA and not on viral proteins. Finally, we examined whether the IFN-β response had an antiviral effect against FCV replication. The over-expression of IFN-β before exposure to the virus reduced viral yields by a range of 2.2-3.2 log10TCID50, but its over-expression at 12h post-infection did not inhibit FCV replication. Our results indicate that some FCV strains cannot induce IFN-β expression in vitro, which may be a potential factor for FCV survival in cats. Whether this is important in evading the host interferon response in vivo must be investigated.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaozhan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
authors.forename: Chunguo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiasen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China. Electronic address: qld@hvri.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Liandong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002139:Caliciviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D002415:Cats; D002460:Cell Line; D015870:Gene Expression; D050838:Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D050838:Interferon Regulatory Factor-3; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016899:Interferon-beta
keywords: Feline calicivirus; IFN-β response