title: Total levels, localization patterns, and proportions of sperm exhibiting phospholipase C zeta are significantly correlated with fertilization rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationship of total levels, localization patterns, and proportions of sperm exhibiting phospholipase C zeta, with fertilization rates after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory study; controls vs. patients after IVF (n = 27) or ICSI (n = 17) treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertility center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 44 semen samples, subjected to either IVF or ICSI treatment. Oocyte collection, ICSI or IVF, determination of sperm concentration and motility, and immunocytochemical analyses of phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ).
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Percentages of sperm exhibiting PLCζ.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant positive correlation between ICSI fertilization rates and total levels, localization patterns, and the proportion (percentage) of sperm exhibiting PLCζ. Total levels, localization patterns, and the proportion of sperm exhibiting PLCζ are correlated with fertilization rates for ICSI, but not for IVF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evaluating total levels, localization patterns, and proportions of PLCζ may represent a useful diagnostic tool for clinical purposes in men for whom IVF is not advised or has previously failed. This clinical study further supports the fundamental role of PLCζ in the oocyte activation process.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Suseela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yelumalai
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeste
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Siti N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Amdani
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Junaid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kashir
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ginny
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mounce
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom; Assisted Conception Unit, National Health Service Tayside, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sarah J Martins
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom; Assisted Conception Unit, National Health Service Tayside, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Barratt
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Enda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McVeigh
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: kevin.coward@obs-gyn.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Coward
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007246:Infertility / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C / Q000032:analysis*; D013076:Sperm Count; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000201:enzymology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C499235:PLCZ1 protein, human; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C
keywords: In vitro fertilization; intracytoplasmic sperm injection; oocyte activation; phospholipase C zeta; total fertilization failure