title: Effects of ground semen collection on weight bearing on hindquarters, libido, and semen parameters in stallions.
abstract: Collection of semen on the ground from the standing stallion represents an alternative method to dummy mount semen collection and is of increasing popularity for sport stallions, males suffering from health problems, or in studs without a dummy or suitable mare at disposal. Our aim was to collect and compare spermatological and physiological data associated with traditional and ground semen collection. Twelve of 23 Franches-Montagnes stallions were selected to carry out semen collection on a dummy and while standing in a crossed experimental protocol. Semen quantity and quality parameters, weight bearing on hindquarters, and behavioral and libido data were recorded. Ground versus dummy mount semen collection was accompanied by lower seminal volume (15.9 ± 14.6 vs. 22.0 ± 13.3 mL; P < 0.01) and lower total sperm count (4.913 ± 2.721 × 10(9) vs. 6.544 ± 2.856 × 10(9) sperm; P < 0.001). No significant differences were found concerning sperm motility and viability. Time to ejaculation was longer, and the number of attempts to ejaculation was higher (P = 0.053) in the standing position compared with the mount on the dummy. A higher (P < 0.01) amount of tail flagging was manifested by the stallions during ejaculation on the dummy compared to when standing. There was no difference in weight bearing on hindquarters when comparing dummy collection (51.2 ± 2.5%) and standing collection (48.9 ± 5.5%). Ground semen collection can be considered as a viable option for stallions that cannot mount a dummy or a mare. However, it requires training and may be not easily accepted by all stallions. Owners should be advised that ground semen collection is associated with significantly lower sperm numbers than with dummy mount semen collection.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Agroscope and University of Berne, Avenches, Switzerland. Electronic address: dominik.burger@vetsuisse.unibe.ch.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Agroscope and University of Berne, Avenches, Switzerland; School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meroni
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Agroscope and University of Berne, Avenches, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Horses, Unit for Reproductive Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hanover, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sieme
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000502:physiology*; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D007989:Libido; D011187:Posture; D055101:Semen Analysis / Q000662:veterinary*; D013076:Sperm Count; D053625:Sperm Retrieval / Q000662:veterinary*; D016474:Weight-Bearing
keywords: Dummy mount semen collection; Ground semen collection; Horse; Libido; Semen