title: Emerging therapy for endometriosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endometriosis is a chronic disease manifested by pain and infertility due to ectopic implantation of endometrial glands and stroma causing inflammation. Treatment of endometriosis utilizes a significant amount of health-care resources and requires chronic therapy. Management involves a combination of surgical and medical interventions and requires long-term treatment to avoid repeated surgeries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whereas medical therapies exist for management of endometriosis-related pain, each class has its limitations including side effects, cost, and known duration of relief of symptoms. Development of effective, well-tolerated medical therapies that are appropriate for long-term use is crucial to provide adequate treatment for this chronic disease. This review discusses the various medical therapies available, their limitations, and emerging therapies being developed to address many of these concerns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors recommend chronic suppressive therapy for management of endometriosis symptoms, particularly in the postoperative setting. Empiric treatment is appropriate for those patients without evidence of severe disease. Currently available option may not be effective for nor tolerated by all patients. Newer compounds, including gonadotropin-releasing antagonists and aromatase inhibitors combined with hormonal contraceptives, offer possible alternatives to currently available therapies.
authors.affiliation: a 1 University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06303-2947, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.forename: Danielle E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Luciano
authors.forename: Anthony A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Luciano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015195:Drug Design; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*
keywords: aromatase inhibitor; combined hormonal contraceptive; endometriosis; gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist; gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist; levonorgesterol intrauterine system; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; progesterone antagonist; progestins; selective estrogen receptor modulator; selective progesterone receptor modulator; vascular endothelial growth factor