title: A chemometric-assisted method for the simultaneous determination of malachite green and crystal violet in water based on absorbance-pH data generated by a homemade pH gradient apparatus.
abstract: An attractive method of generating second-order data was developed by a dropping technique to generate pH gradient simultaneously coupled with diode-array spectrophotometer scanning. A homemade apparatus designed for the pH gradient. The method and the homemade apparatus were used to simultaneously determine malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV) in water samples. The absorbance-pH second-order data of MG or CV were obtained from the spectra of MG or CV in a series of pH values of HCl-KCl solution. The second-order data of mixtures containing MG and CV that coexisted with interferents were analyzed using multidimensional partial least-squares with residual bilinearization. The method and homemade apparatus were used to simultaneously determine MG and CV in fish farming water samples and in river ones with satisfactory results. The presented method and the homemade apparatus could serve as an alternative tool to handle some analysis problems.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China. Electronic address: yushuling@henu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shuling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Shangqiu Medical College, Shangqiu, Henan Province 476100, China.
authors.forename: Xuejie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Commodity Quality Supervision and Inspection, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China.
authors.forename: Jintao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
authors.forename: Jiahua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
authors.forename: Yuewen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
authors.forename: Shufang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005399:Fishes; D005840:Gentian Violet / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D018892:Proton-Motive Force; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D014867:Water; C005095:malachite green; D005840:Gentian Violet
keywords: Crystal violet; Malachite green; Multidimensional partial least-squares with residual bilinearization; Second-order data; pH gradient