title: Pubertal induction in hypogonadism: Current approaches including use of gonadotrophins.
abstract: Primary disorders of the gonad or those secondary to abnormalities of the hypothalamic pituitary axis result in hypogonadism. The range of health problems of childhood and adolescence that affect this axis has increased, as most children now survive chronic illness, but many have persisting deficits in gonadal function as a result of their underlying condition or its treatment. An integrated approach to hormone replacement is needed to optimize adult hormonal and bone health, and to offer opportunities for fertility induction and preservation that were not considered possible in the past. Timing of presentation ranges from birth, with disorders of sexual development, through adolescent pubertal failure, to adult fertility problems. This review addresses diagnosis and management of hypogonadism and focuses on new management strategies to address current concerns with fertility preservation. These include Turner syndrome, and fertility presevation prior to childhood cancer treatment. New strategies for male hormone replacement therapy that may impinge upon future fertility are emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinologist, Dept of Endocrinology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. Electronic address: margaret.zacharin@rch.org.au.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zacharin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000728:Androgens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006728:Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D011627:Puberty; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004967:Estrogens; D006062:Gonadotropins; D006728:Hormones; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone
keywords: fertility preservation; gonadotrophins; hormone replacement treatment (HRT); hypogonadism; pubertal induction