title: A Contemporary Approach to Facial Reanimation.
abstract: The management of acute facial nerve insult may entail medical therapy, surgical exploration, decompression, or repair depending on the etiology. When recovery is not complete, facial mimetic function lies on a spectrum ranging from flaccid paralysis to hyperkinesis resulting in facial immobility. Through systematic assessment of the face at rest and with movement, one may tailor the management to the particular pattern of dysfunction. Interventions for long-standing facial palsy include physical therapy, injectables, and surgical reanimation procedures. The goal of the management is to restore facial balance and movement. This article summarizes a contemporary approach to the management of facial nerve insults.
authors.affiliation: Facial Nerve Center and Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston2Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Nate
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jowett
authors.affiliation: Facial Nerve Center and Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston2Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Tessa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Hadlock
mesh_terms: D005149:Facial Expression; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors