title: Sharka epidemiology and worldwide management strategies: learning lessons to optimize disease control in perennial plants.
abstract: Many plant epidemics that cause major economic losses cannot be controlled with pesticides. Among them, sharka epidemics severely affect prunus trees worldwide. Its causal agent, Plum pox virus (PPV; genus Potyvirus), has been classified as a quarantine pathogen in numerous countries. As a result, various management strategies have been implemented in different regions of the world, depending on the epidemiological context and on the objective (i.e., eradication, suppression, containment, or resilience). These strategies have exploited virus-free planting material, varietal improvement, surveillance and removal of trees in orchards, and statistical models. Variations on these management options lead to contrasted outcomes, from successful eradication to widespread presence of PPV in orchards. Here, we present management strategies in the light of sharka epidemiology to gain insights from this worldwide experience. Although focused on sharka, this review highlights more general levers and promising approaches to optimize disease control in perennial plants.
authors.affiliation: Montpellier SupAgro, UMR 385 BGPI (Biology and Genetics of Plant-Pathogen Interactions), 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; email: loup.rimbaud06@aptalumni.org.
authors.forename: Loup
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rimbaud
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dallot
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gottwald
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Decroocq
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jacquot
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soubeyrand
authors.forename: Gaël
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thébaud
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000821:virology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology*; D017801:Plum Pox Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D027861:Prunus / Q000821:virology*
keywords: aphid; detection; modeling; resistance; strategy; tolerance