title: Shogaol overcomes TRAIL resistance in colon cancer cells via inhibiting of survivin.
abstract: In this study, we showed the ability of representative shogaol, which as a major component of ginger, to overcome TRAIL resistance by increasing apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Shogaol increased death receptor 5 (DR5) levels. Furthermore, shogaol decreased the expression level of antiapoptotic proteins (survivin and Bcl-2) and increased pro-apoptotic protein, Bax. Shogaol treatment induced apoptosis and a robust reduction in the levels of the antiapoptotic protein survivin but did not affect the levels of many other apoptosis regulators. Moreover, knockdown of survivin sensitized colon cancer cells to resistant of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Therefore, we showed the functions of shogaol as a sensitizing agent to induce cell death of TRAIL-resistant colon cancer cells. This study gives rise to the possibility of applying shogaol as an antitumor agent that can be used for the purpose of combination treatment with TRAIL in TRAIL-resistant colon tumor therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cosmetic Arts, Department of Culture Service, Graduate School of Culture and Arts, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Soon
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Gangwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hai-Chon
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Cheul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. leedneo@gmail.com.|Department of Surgery and Pharmacology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. leedneo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dae-Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Cosmetic Arts, Department of Culture Service, Graduate School of Culture and Arts, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. kihan.kwon@gmail.com.|Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health, Welfare and Education, Gwangju University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. kihan.kwon@gmail.com.|Division of Food Science and Nutrition, Graduate School of Biohealth Science, Gwangju University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. kihan.kwon@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ki Han
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002396:Catechols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D000077022:Survivin; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000235:genetics*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D002396:Catechols; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D000077022:Survivin; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C040115:shogaol
keywords: Apoptosis; Death receptor 5 (DR5); Shogaol; Survivin; Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)