title: Effects of a moderate intake of beer on markers of hydration after exercise in the heat: a crossover study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exercise in the heat causes important water and electrolytes losses through perspiration. Optimal rehydration is crucial to facilitate the recuperation process after exercise. The aim of our study was to examine whether a moderate beer intake as part of the rehydration has any negative effect protocol after a short but dehydrating bout of exercise in the heat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen active male (VO2max, 56 ± 4 mL/kg/min), were included in a crossover study and performed a dehydrating exercise (≤1 h running, 60 %VO2max) twice and 3 weeks apart, in a hot laboratory setting (35 ± 1 °C, humidity 60 ± 2 %). During the two hours following the exercise bouts participants consumed either mineral water ad-libitum (W) or up to 660 ml regular beer followed by water ad-libitum (BW). Body composition, hematological and serum parameters, fluid balance and urine excretion were assessed before, after exercise and after rehydration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Body mass (BM) decreased (both ~ 2.4%) after exercise in both trials. After rehydration, BM and fat free mass significantly increased although BM did not return to baseline levels (BM, 72.6 ± 6.7 to 73.6 ± 6.9; fat free mass, 56.9 ± 4.7 to 57.5 ± 4.5, no differences BW vs W). Beer intake did not adversely affect any measured parameter. Fluid balance and urine excretion values did not differ between the rehydration strategies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After exercise and subsequent water losses, a moderate beer (regular) intake has no deleterious effects on markers of hydration in active individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avd. Madrid s/n, CP: 18012 Granada, Spain ; GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Univeristy of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Pavón
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avd. Madrid s/n, CP: 18012 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica Sofía
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cervantes-Borunda
authors.affiliation: Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition. Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ligia Esperanza
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.affiliation: Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition. Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ascensión
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcos
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avd. Madrid s/n, CP: 18012 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Castillo
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003681:Dehydration / Q000652:urine*; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013546:Sweating; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004573:Electrolytes
keywords: Alcohol; Dehydration; Diuresis; Hot conditions; Running; Young men