title: A study of the dynamics of seizure propagation across micro domains in the vicinity of the seizure onset zone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of micro-electrode arrays to measure electrical activity from the surface of the brain is increasingly being investigated as a means to improve seizure onset zone (SOZ) localization. In this work, we used a multivariate autoregressive model to determine the evolution of seizure dynamics in the [Formula: see text] Hz high frequency band across micro-domains sampled by such micro-electrode arrays. We showed that a directed transfer function (DTF) can be used to estimate the flow of seizure activity in a set of simulated micro-electrode data with known propagation pattern.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used seven complex partial seizures recorded from four patients undergoing intracranial monitoring for surgical evaluation to reconstruct the seizure propagation pattern over sliding windows using a DTF measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We showed that a DTF can be used to estimate the flow of seizure activity in a set of simulated micro-electrode data with a known propagation pattern. In general, depending on the location of the micro-electrode grid with respect to the clinical SOZ and the time from seizure onset, ictal propagation changed in directional characteristics over a 2-10 s time scale, with gross directionality limited to spatial dimensions of approximately [Formula: see text]. It was also seen that the strongest seizure patterns in the high frequency band and their sources over such micro-domains are more stable over time and across seizures bordering the clinically determined SOZ than inside.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This type of propagation analysis might in future provide an additional tool to epileptologists for characterizing epileptogenic tissue. This will potentially help narrowing down resection zones without compromising essential brain functions as well as provide important information about targeting anti-epileptic stimulation devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Ishita
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kudela
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korzeniewska
authors.forename: Piotr J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Franaszczuk
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009474:Neurons; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012640:Seizures / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity