title: Audit of carbapenem prescriptions comparing 2 assessment periods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae has resulted in the increase of carbapenem prescriptions. The objective of our study was to determine the appropriateness of carbapenem prescriptions from initiation to reassessment of treatment, between 2009 and 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire drafted by infectious diseases specialists (IDS) and microbiologists was used to collect clinical and microbiological data concerning carbapenem prescriptions in 2009 and 2011. An IDS then compared the results to assess carbapenem prescription compliance with our hospital's local recommendations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-one prescriptions were included in 2009 and 32 in 2011. The carbapenem treatment had been most frequently probabilistic to treat nosocomial infections. The microbiological data revealed that the number of multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections had increased between 2009 and 2011, especially infections involving ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. At treatment reassessment, in 2009 and 2011, 15 (21%) and 12 (38%) carbapenem prescriptions were appropriate and continued. Overall, when comparing the 2 periods, prescriptions complied with local guidelines from initiation to reassessment of treatment without any statistically significant difference (68% in 2009 and 75% in 2011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study results showed that MDR infections had increased and especially infections due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae; this was consistent with epidemiological data. We also proved that most carbapenem prescriptions were compliant with recommendations. The increased mobile IDS interventions in medical and surgical departments helped reach this rate of compliance. Carbapenem stewardship may be promoted even in a difficult epidemiological context, especially with IDS interventions for the duration of treatment or at treatment reassessment.
authors.affiliation: Service de pharmacie, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France. Electronic address: anne.lefebure@bch.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lefébure
authors.affiliation: Service de pharmacie, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papy
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rioux
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France; Unité de lutte contre les infections nosocomiales, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diamantis
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de microbiologie, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Armand-Lefèvre
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Longuet
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Lescure
authors.affiliation: Service de réanimation médicale et infectieuse, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.affiliation: Service de pharmacie, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arnaud
authors.affiliation: Unité de lutte contre les infections nosocomiales, centre hospitalier Bichat - Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lucet
mesh_terms: D015780:Carbapenems / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D015780:Carbapenems
keywords: Antibiotic use; Antibiotics referents; Bactéries multi-résistantes; Carbapenems; Carbapénèmes; Consommation antibiotique; Multi-resistant bacteria; Référents antibiotiques