title: Determination of phytochemicals, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in Andrographis paniculata using chromatographic methods.
abstract: Antioxidant activity, total phenolics content and selected phytochemicals (alkaloids and andrographolides) were determined in Andrographis paniculata and in dietary supplements containing this plant. Antioxidant activity was measured by FRAP, CUPRAC and DPPH procedures and ranged from 503.36 to 6164.09μmol TE/100g d.m. depending on methods, part of plant and kind of dietary supplement. The total phenolics (175.13-1723.79mg GAE/100g) and andrographolides content (19.44-85.13mg/g) in the studied samples were correlated with antioxidant activities determined by CUPRAC, FRAP and DPPH (r>0.95, p<0.05 level). Purine alkaloids: caffeine, theobromine, theophylline and indole alkaloids: harmine, harmane, harmol, yohimbine, brucine and strychnine were detected in the studied samples by different chromatographic techniques (HPLC-DAD, LC-MS/MS, GC-MS). The total alkaloids content in APs-roots and APs-leaves varies from 50.71±0.36mg/g d.m. to 78.71±0.48mg/g d.m., respectively, whereas for dietary supplements (Pn and DK) TAC was found between 19.52±0.15mg/g and 22.18±0.15mg/g d.m.. The highest concentration of andrographolides was found in A. paniculata leaves, whereas the lowest in dietary supplement Pn. Moreover principal component analysis, cluster analysis and one-way ANOVA follow by Duncan's tests were also performed.
authors.affiliation: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Chemistry, Gagarin 7 St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Marzanna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurzawa
authors.affiliation: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Chemistry, Gagarin 7 St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland. Electronic address: ania_fsz@chem.umk.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filipiak-Szok
authors.affiliation: Institute for Engineering of Polymer Materials and Dyes, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 55 St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kłodzińska
authors.affiliation: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Chemistry, Gagarin 7 St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Szłyk
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D035685:Andrographis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
keywords: Alkaloids; Andrographis paniculata; Andrographolides; Antioxidants; GC–MS; HPLC–DAD; LC–MS/MS; Phytochemicals