title: IL-10 genetic polymorphisms were associated with valvular calcification in Han, Uygur and Kazak populations in Xinjiang, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Valvular calcification occurs via ongoing endothelial injury associated with inflammation. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine and 75% of the variation in IL-10 production is genetically determined. However, the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of IL-10 and valvular calcification has not been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between valvular calcification and IL-10 genetic polymorphisms in the Han, Uygur and Kazak populations in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  All of the participants were selected from subjects participating in the Cardiovascular Risk Survey (CRS) study. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1800871 and rs1800872 of the IL-10 gene were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Three independent case-control studies involving the Han population, the Uygur population and the Kazak population were used in the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the Han and Kazak populations, rs1800871 was found to be associated with valvular calcification in the recessive model, and the difference remained statistically significant following multivariate adjustment (p<0.001, p=0.031, respectively). For the Han, Uygur and Kazak populations, rs1800872 was found to be associated with valvular calcification in the dominant model, and the difference remained statistically significant following multivariate adjustment (p<0.001, p=0.009, and p=0.023,respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both rs1800871 and rs1800872 of the IL-10 gene are associated with valvular calcification in the Han and Kazak populations in China. Rs1800872 is also associated with valvular calcification in the Uygur population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong-Tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yi-Tong
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Muhuyati
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wulasihan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dilare
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Adi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yi-Ning
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bang-Dang
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000473:pathology*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10