title: Behaviour and recovery of human adenovirus from tropical sediment under simulated conditions.
abstract: This study assessed the contributions of pH and organic matter (OM) on the recovery of infectious human adenovirus 5 (HAdV-5) and genome copies (GCs) in waters that were artificially contaminated with tropical soil. The use of a mathematical equation was proposed based on the flocculation index of clay to assess the recovery of total GCs in these controlled assays. The results suggest that solids in the water reduced the viral genome copy loads per millilitre (GC · mL(-1)) and viral infectivity. OM did not influence the GC · mL(-1) recovery rate (p > 0.05) but led to a 99% (2 log10) reduction in plaque-forming unit counts per millilitre (PFU/mL), which indicates that infectivity and gene integrity were non-related parameters. Our findings also suggest that acidic pH levels hinder viral inactivation and that clay is the main factor responsible for the interactions of HAdV-5 with soil. These findings may be useful for future eco-epidemiological investigations and studies of viral inactivation or even as parameters for future research into water quality analysis and water treatment.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Agente Emergentes e Re-emegentes, Instituto de Patologia e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil; Instituto Brasil de Ciência e Tecnologia, Anápolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hugo Delleon
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Campus II, Goiânia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Aurélio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pessoa-de-Souza
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gislaine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fongaro
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Diagnóstico Genético e Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas II, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Anunciação
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elisângela de P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Silveira-Lacerda
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Célia Regina Monte
authors.initials: CRM
authors.lastname: Barardi
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Agente Emergentes e Re-emegentes, Instituto de Patologia e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil. Electronic address: nupereme@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marco Tulio Antonio
authors.initials: MTA
authors.lastname: Garcia-Zapata
mesh_terms: D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005427:Flocculation; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000821:virology*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014871:Water Microbiology
keywords: Human adenovirus; Infectivity; Organic matter; pH