title: Inhibitory Effect of Aqueous Extracts from Marine Sponges on the Activity and Expression of Gelatinases A (MMP-2) and B (MMP-9) in Rat Astrocyte Cultures.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether water soluble compounds present in aqueous extracts from seven Mediterranean demosponges exert biological activity towards matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which represent important pathogenic factors of human diseases. Aqueous extracts were tested on LPS-activated cultured rat astrocytes, and levels and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were assessed by zymography and RT-PCR, respectively. Our results demonstrated that the studied extracts contain water soluble compounds able to inhibit MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity and expression. We also compared the anti-MMP activities present in aqueous extracts from wild and reared specimens of Tethya aurantium and T. citrina. The results obtained revealed that the reared sponges maintain the production of bioactive compounds with inhibitory effect on MMP-2 and MMP-9 for all the duration of the rearing period. Taken together, our results indicate that the aqueous extracts from the selected Mediterranean demosponges possess a variety of water-soluble bioactive compounds, which are able to inhibit MMPs at different levels. The presence of biological activity in aqueous extracts from reared specimens of T. aurantium and T. citrina strongly encourage sponge aquaculture as a valid option to supply sponge biomass for drug development on a large scale.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Bari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gentile
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Latronico
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Corriero
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fasano
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nonnis Marzano
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Grazia Maria
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Liuzzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000235:genetics*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012623:Seawater; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014867:Water; D018093:Gelatinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9