title: Conventional cancer treatment alone or with regional hyperthermia for pain relief in lung cancer: A case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of combining conventional treatment with regional hyperthermia on cancer pain in lung cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One Korean university hospital and three complementary cancer clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Main outcome was effective analgesic score (EAS, PI[1+(M/10)], 1: anti-inflammatory drug consumption at a regular dosage, M: weekly dose (mg) of oral morphine equivalent and PI: pain intensity) at four time points (baseline (days -30 to 0), time 1 (days 1-60), time 2 (days 61-120), and time 3 (days 121-180)). Propensity score matching between the hyperthermia and control groups was performed using a 1:5 ratio. A linear mixed effects model was employed to measure EAS changes over time in the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, there were 83 subjects in the control group and 32 subjects in the hyperthermia group. At time 3, there were 49 subjects in the control group and 16 subjects in the hyperthermia group. Analyses showed rate of change of EAS, treatment×time was significant (p=0.038). This significant difference was mainly observed for time 1 (mean difference: 101.76 points, 95% confidence interval: 10.20-193.32 points, p=0.030).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate an increase in cancer pain in lung cancer patients administered regional hyperthermia, particularly during the early stage of hyperthermia treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea; Life After Cancer Treatment (LACT) Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ypkim@jnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yeon-Pyo
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea; Life After Cancer Treatment (LACT) Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea; Life After Cancer Treatment (LACT) Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Information Statistics Team, The Environmental Health Center for Allergic Rhinitis, INHA University Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Sung
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In-Jae
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu-Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine
keywords: Cancer; Hyperthermia; Lung; Pain