title: Uterine volume and endometrial thickness in healthy girls evaluated by ultrasound (3-dimensional) and magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report normative data on uterine volume and endometrial thickness in girls, according to pubertal stages; to evaluate factors that affect uterine volume; and to compare transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of a nested cohort of girls participating in The Copenhagen Mother-Child Cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  General community.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-one healthy girls, aged 9.8-14.7 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical examination, including pubertal breast stage (Tanner classification: B1-B5). Uterine volume: ellipsoid TAUS (n = 112) and 3-dimensional TAUS (n = 111); ellipsoid MRI (n = 61). Endometrial thickness: TAUS (n = 110) and MRI (n = 60).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Uterine volume and endometrial thickness were positively correlated with pubertal stages; e.g., ellipsoid TAUS: r = 0.753, and endometrium TAUS: 0.648. In multiple regression analyses, uterine volume was associated with the number of large follicles (TAUS >5 mm) (Beta 0.270); estradiol (E2) (Beta 0.504); and height (Beta 0.341). Volumes from ellipsoid vs. 3-dimensional TAUS were strongly correlated (r = 0.931), as were TAUS and MRI: ellipsoid volume (r = 0.891) and endometrial thickness (r = 0.540). Uterine volume was larger in TAUS compared with MRI; mean difference across the measured range: 7.7 (5.2-10.2) cm(3). Agreement was best for small uteri.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uterine volume and endometrial thickness increased as puberty progressed. Circulating E2 from large follicles was the main contributor to uterine and endometrial growth. The TAUS and MRI assessments of uterus and endometrium were strongly correlated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth and Reproduction, Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: casperhagen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Casper P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth and Reproduction, Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mouritsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth and Reproduction, Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mikkel G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mieritz
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth and Reproduction, Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tinggaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth and Reproduction, Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wohlfahrt-Veje
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fallentin
authors.affiliation: Department of Fetal Medicine and Ultrasound, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Vibeke
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Brocks
authors.affiliation: Department of Fetal Medicine and Ultrasound, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sundberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Fetal Medicine and Ultrasound, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lisa Neerup
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth and Reproduction, Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Juul
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth and Reproduction, Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Katharina M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Main
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D009929:Organ Size; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000502:physiology*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014599:Uterus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: MRI; TAUS; Uterus; endometrium; puberty