title: Immune response to bovine viral diarrhea virus--looking at newly defined targets.
abstract: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has long been associated with a wide variety of clinical syndromes and immune dysregulation, many which result in secondary bacterial infections. Current understanding of immune cell interactions that result in activation and tolerance are explored in light of BVDV infection including: depletion of lymphocytes, effects on neutrophils, natural killer cells, and the role of receptors and cytokines. In addition, we review some new information on the effect of BVDV on immune development in the fetal liver, the role of resident macrophages, and greater implications for persistent infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences,South Dakota State University,Brookings,SD,USA.
authors.forename: Christopher C L
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chase
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences,South Dakota State University,Brookings,SD,USA.
authors.forename: Neelu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences,South Dakota State University,Brookings,SD,USA.
authors.forename: Mahmoud F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Darweesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences,South Dakota State University,Brookings,SD,USA.
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Morarie-Kane
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences,South Dakota State University,Brookings,SD,USA.
authors.forename: Mrigendra K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rajput
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: BVDV; Kupffer cells; bovine viral diarrhea virus; dendritic cells; liver tolerance; macrophages; natural killer cells; neutrophils; persistent infection