title: Removal of trace mercury (II) from aqueous solution by in situ MnO(x) combined with poly-aluminum chloride.
abstract: Removal of trace mercury from aqueous solution by Mn (hydr)oxides formed in situ during coagulation with poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) (in situ MnO(x) combined with PAC) was investigated. The efficiency of trace mercury removal was evaluated under the experimental conditions of reaction time, Mn dosage, pH, and temperature. In addition, the ionic strength and the initial mercury concentration were examined to evaluate trace mercury removal for different water qualities. The results clearly demonstrated that in situ MnO(x) combined with PAC was effective for trace mercury removal from aqueous solution. A mercury removal ratio of 9.7 μg Hg/mg Mn was obtained at pH 3. Furthermore, at an initial mercury concentration of 30 μg/L and pH levels of both 3 and 5, a Mn dosage of 4 mg/L was able to lower the mercury concentration to meet the standards for drinking water quality at less than 1 μg/L. Analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that the hydroxyls on the surface of Mn (hydr)oxides are the active sites for adsorption of trace mercury from aqueous solution.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China E-mail: majun@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xixin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China E-mail: majun@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaoliu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huangfu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China E-mail: majun@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China E-mail: majun@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yaan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China E-mail: majun@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008628:Mercury / Q000737:chemistry*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D017895:Manganese Compounds; D010087:Oxides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C016213:aluminum oxychloride; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; C027424:manganese oxide; D008628:Mercury