title: Task-driven imaging in cone-beam computed tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Conventional workflow in interventional imaging often ignores a wealth of prior information of the patient anatomy and the imaging task. This work introduces a task-driven imaging framework that utilizes such information to prospectively design acquisition and reconstruction techniques for cone-beam CT (CBCT) in a manner that maximizes task-based performance in subsequent imaging procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The framework is employed in jointly optimizing tube current modulation, orbital tilt, and reconstruction parameters in filtered backprojection reconstruction for interventional imaging. Theoretical predictors of noise and resolution relates acquisition and reconstruction parameters to task-based detectability. Given a patient-specific prior image and specification of the imaging task, an optimization algorithm prospectively identifies the combination of imaging parameters that maximizes task-based detectability. Initial investigations were performed for a variety of imaging tasks in an elliptical phantom and an anthropomorphic head phantom.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optimization of tube current modulation and view-dependent reconstruction kernel was shown to have greatest benefits for a directional task (e.g., identification of device or tissue orientation). The task-driven approach yielded techniques in which the dose and sharp kernels were concentrated in views contributing the most to the signal power associated with the imaging task. For example, detectability of a line pair detection task was improved by at least three fold compared to conventional approaches. For radially symmetric tasks, the task-driven strategy yielded results similar to a minimum variance strategy in the absence of kernel modulation. Optimization of the orbital tilt successfully avoided highly attenuating structures that can confound the imaging task by introducing noise correlations masquerading at spatial frequencies of interest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work demonstrated the potential of a task-driven imaging framework to improve image quality and reduce dose beyond that achievable with conventional imaging approaches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA 21205.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Gang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA 21205.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Stayman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA 21205.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ouadah
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare, Baltimore MD, USA 21205.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ehtiati
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA 21205.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Siewerdsen