title: Impact of the consumption of a rich diet in butter and it replacement for a rich diet in extra virgin olive oil on anthropometric, metabolic and lipid profile in postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the impact of the substitution of a rich diet in saturated fats with a rich diet in monounsaturated fats on anthropometric, metabolic and lipid profile in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, longitudinal and comparative study where 18 postmenopausal women participated in two periods of dietary intervention of 28 days each one: 1) (SAT diet) consumed butter. Caloric formula (CF) = 15% protein, 38% fat. [20% saturated fat (SFA), 12% monounsaturated fat (MUFA) and 47% carbohydrates and 6% polyunsaturated (PUFA)]. b) Period MONO: with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). CF = 15% protein, 38% fat (<10% SFA, 22% PUFA and 6% MUFA) and 47% carbohydrates. Size and body composition, glucose, insulin, HOMA, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, TG, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL.C were measured; dietary Anamnesis/24 hours, daily food record. ANOVA and Bonferroni statistical analysis (SPSS 20) was applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age was 56 ± 5 years, BMI 29.8 ± 3.1 kg/m2, waist circumference: 93.2 ± 10.1 cm, waist/hip ratio: 0.86 ± 0.14, waist/height: 0.59 ± 0.06 and 38.6 ± 4% body fat (NS). Lipid profile: SAT diet increased TC (p <0.001), LDL-C (p <0.002) and non HDL-Cholesterol (p <0.000), HDL-C increased in MONO diet (p <0.000). SAT diet: TC/HDL-c ratio, Non col HDL-c/HDL-c, LDL-c/HDL-c (p <0.000) and TG/HDL-c (p <0.000). In MONO diet decreased TC/HDL-c (p <0.015) and TG/HDL-c (p <0.016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SAT diet increased cardiovascular risk, while the MONO diet decreased the risk to develop the metabolic syndrome components and choronary heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Universidad del Zulia, Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo en Nutrición. Universidad de Córdoba, Doctorado en Nutrición y Metabolismo.. hazelanderson2001@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Hazel Ester
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Anderson-Vasquez
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Córdoba, Doctorado en Nutrición y Metabolismo. Unidad de Lípidos y Ateroesclerosis. IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Universidad de Córdoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, España.. cwanden.el@uch.ceu.es.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pérez-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Universidad del Zulia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Venezuela.. cwanden.el@uch.ceu.es.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ortega Fernández
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera (Elche), España.. cwanden.el@uch.ceu.es.
authors.forename: Carmina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wanden-Berghe
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002079:Butter / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D002079:Butter