title: [A case with both infectious cavernous sinus thrombosis and Lemierre syndrome due to intraoral resident flora].
abstract: The present report describes a 54-year-old woman with cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) presenting with fever, and marked periorbital swelling. There is a history of untreated periodontal disease. On initial examination, periorbital pain associated with bilateral blephaloptosis, chemosis, and disturbed eye movement was present. The laboratory evaluation showed significant elevations in inflammatory and fibrinolytic markers. Diffusion-weighted MRI revealed high signal intensities in the bilateral superior ophthalmic veins (SOV). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the cranium showed an enlarged right SOV and a non-enhancing lesion within the right SOV and bilateral cavernous sinus, indicating cavernous sinus thrombosis with diffuse SOV thrombosis. Blood culture performed on admission showed bacterial infection by intraoral resident flora; therefore, the CST was attributed to untreated periodontal disease. Contrast-enhanced CT of the case also revealed the presence of thrombosis in the jugular vein associated with micropulmonary embolus, indicating co-occurrence of Lemierre's syndrome. Antibiotic and anticoagulant treatment were initiated, and the tooth decay was treated; all clinical symptoms and signs subsequently improved. Additional neuroimaging showed that the thrombus was absent from both SOV and the cavernous sinus. Infectious CST is life threatening; therefore, laboratory and imaging examination should be performed quickly, and antibiotic and anticoagulant therapy administrated immediately.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Toshiyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Kousuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuhara
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fukae
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020226:Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D057831:Lemierre Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000925:Anticoagulants