title: Combined Training (Aerobic Plus Strength) Potentiates a Reduction in Body Fat but Demonstrates No Difference on the Lipid Profile in Postmenopausal Women When Compared With Aerobic Training With a Similar Training Load.
abstract: The aim of this study was to verify the effects of aerobic and combined training on the body composition and lipid profile of obese postmenopausal women and to analyze which of these models is more effective after equalizing the training load. Sixty-five postmenopausal women (age = 61.0 ± 6.3 years) were divided into 3 groups: aerobic training (AT, n = 15), combined training (CT [strength + aerobic], n = 32), and control group (CG, n = 18). Their body composition upper body fat (TF), fat mass (FM), percentage of FM, and fat-free mass (FFM) were estimated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The lipid profile, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed. There was a statistically significant difference in the TF (AT = -4.4%, CT = -4.4%, and CG = 1.0%, p = 0.001) and FFM (AT = 1.7%, CT = 2.6%, and CG = -1.4%, p = 0.0001) between the experimental and the control groups. Regarding the percentage of body fat, there was a statistically significant difference only between the CT and CG groups (AT = -2.8%, CT = -3.9%, and CG = 0.31%; p = 0.004). When training loads were equalized, the aerobic and combined training decreased core fat and increased FFM, but only the combined training potentiated a reduction in percentage of body fat in obese postmenopausal women after the training program. High-density lipoprotein-c levels increased in the combined group, and the chol/HDL ratio (atherogenic index) decreased in the aerobic group; however, there were no significant differences between the intervention programs. Taken together, both the exercise training programs were effective for improving body composition and inducing an antiatherogenic status.
authors.affiliation: 1Institute of Bioscience, Paulista State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; 2School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Department of Physical Education, Paulista State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil; 4Department of Physiotherapy, Paulista State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil; 5Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; 6School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and 7Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Paulista State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabrício E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Ana C S
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fortaleza
authors.forename: Lucas M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buonani
authors.forename: Malena R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Picolo
authors.forename: Tiego A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kalva-Filho
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papoti
authors.forename: Fabio S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lira
authors.forename: Ismael F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Freitas Junior
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol