title: Subtalar dislocations.
abstract: Subtalar dislocations make up 1-2% of all dislocations, about 75% of them being medial dislocations. Treatment consists of early reduction under adequate sedation. In cases of soft tissue interposition or locked dislocations, open reduction is warranted. More than 60% of subtalar dislocations are associated with additional fractures, therefore a postreduction CT is recommended. Complications include avascular necrosis of the talus, infection, posttraumatic arthritis, chronic subtalar instability, and complex regional pain syndrome with delayed reduction. The prognosis of purely ligamentous injuries is excellent after early reduction. Negative prognostic factors include lateral and open dislocations, total talar dislocations, and associated fractures.
authors.affiliation: Foot & Ankle Section, University Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, TU Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: stefan.rammelt@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rammelt
authors.affiliation: Foot & Ankle Section, University Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, TU Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goronzy
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013380:Subtalar Joint
keywords: Avascular necrosis; Dislocation; Open dislocation; Subtalar joint; Talar process fracture