title: Surface modification of cobalt oxide nanoparticles using phosphonomethyl iminodiacetic acid followed by folic acid: a biocompatible vehicle for targeted anticancer drug delivery.
abstract: The aim of our study was to prepare multifunctional, biocompatible nanoparticles for site-specific drug delivery. Hydrophilic nanoparticles with surface-adorned amine, carboxyl, or aldehyde groups, to be later used for bio-conjugation, were designed using phosphonomethyl iminodiacetic acid (PMIDA) as the coupling agent. These PMIDA-coated cobalt oxide nanoparticles (PMIDA-CoO) were further functionalized with folic acid (FA), using simple technique. The particles show excellent aqueous dispersion stability in physiological pH without any deterioration in hydrodynamic size. The cytotoxicity and internalization efficiency of these nanocarriers have been evaluated on folate receptor over expressed KB and folate receptor lower expressed KG1a cells. Anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin and methotrexate were successfully attached to the folic acid-decoded PMIDA-CoO nanoparticles by simple reactions. Anticancer drug-loaded nanoparticles (FA-PMIDA-CoO) exhibit elevated cytotoxicity and induce apoptosis in cancer cells, which were confirmed by flow cytometry. Fluorescence microscopy study shows the higher amount of internalization of the noncomplex by KB cells, which clearly demonstrated that cells overexpressing the human folate receptor internalized a higher level of these nanoparticles-folate conjugates than folate receptor-negative control cells.
authors.affiliation: Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721 102 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: Sourav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.affiliation: Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721 102 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: Sandeep Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Dash
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata, 700 009 India.
authors.forename: Totan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata, 700 009 India.
authors.forename: Debasis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal India.
authors.forename: Panchanan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pramanik
authors.affiliation: Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721 102 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: Somenath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
keywords: Cobalt oxide nanoparticles; Drug delivery; Flow cytometry; Folic acid; Uptake study