title: Group B streptococcal neonatal parotitis.
abstract: Acute neonatal parotitis (ANP) is a rare condition, characterised by parotid swelling and other local inflammatory signs. The most common pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus, but other organisms can be implicated. We describe the case of a 13-day-old term newborn, previously healthy, with late-onset group B Streptococcus (GBS) bacteraemia with ANP, who presented with irritability, reduced feeding and tender swelling of the right parotid. Laboratory evaluation showed neutrophilia, elevated C reactive protein and procalcitonin, with normal serum amylase concentration. Ultrasound findings were suggestive of acute parotitis. Empiric antibiotic therapy was immediately started and adjusted when culture results became available. The newborn was discharged after 10 days, with clinical improvement within the first 72 h. Although S. aureus is the most common pathogen implicated in ANP, GBS should be included in the differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Figueira da Foz Hospital, Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, Portugal Pediatric Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Filipa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dias Costa
authors.affiliation: Medical Imaging Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramos Andrade
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Figueira da Foz Hospital, Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Filipa Inês
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Figueira da Foz Hospital, Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Agostinho
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases; D007249:Inflammation / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology*; D010309:Parotitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents