title: Measurement of Axial Length in an Office Setting Versus Under General Anesthesia in Infants and Toddlers: A Comparative Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether axial length measurement in awake infants and toddlers is feasible, and whether there is a difference in axial length measurement between an office setting and under general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective comparative case study was conducted at the Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Israel. Using the same instruments, axial length measurements were obtained using a standard applanation technique twice: once in an office setting when the infant/toddler was awake and once under general anesthesia in the operating room. A paired t test was used to test for differences between measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three eyes of 19 participants younger than 28 months were examined; 24 (73%) eyes had cataracts and the remainder had clear lenses. One child was excluded from the study due to lack of cooperation during axial length measurement in the office setting and another due to the lengthy gap between measurements. Of the remaining 31 children, the average age was 9 months. Average axial length measurements were shorter by 0.12 mm in the office setting than under general anesthesia (P = .14). No adverse effects were observed after axial length measurements in the office setting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Axial length measurement in an office setting is generally reasonable to obtain. The results showed no significant difference in the axial length measured in the two settings.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinori
authors.forename: Ido Didi
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Fabian
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spierer
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wygnanski-Jaffe
authors.forename: Shira L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Granet
authors.forename: Itay
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ben Zion
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General; D058452:Axial Length, Eye / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001699:Biometry / Q000379:methods; D002386:Cataract / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010824:Physicians' Offices; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016683:Supine Position