title: Circulating B-vitamins and smoking habits are associated with serum polyunsaturated Fatty acids in patients with suspected coronary heart disease: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: The long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are considered to be of major health importance, and recent studies indicate that their endogenous metabolism is influenced by B-vitamin status and smoking habits. We investigated the associations of circulating B-vitamins and smoking habits with serum polyunsaturated fatty acids among 1,366 patients who underwent coronary angiography due to suspected coronary heart disease at Haukeland University Hospital, Norway. Of these, 52% provided information on dietary habits by a food frequency questionnaire. Associations were assessed using partial correlation (Spearman's rho). In the total population, the concentrations of most circulating B-vitamins were positively associated with serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, but negatively with serum n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, the associations between B-vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids tended to be weaker in smokers. This could not be solely explained by differences in dietary intake. Furthermore, plasma cotinine, a marker of recent nicotine exposure, showed a negative relationship with serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, but a positive relationship with serum n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. In conclusion, circulating B-vitamins are, in contrast to plasma cotinine, generally positively associated with serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and negatively with serum n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with suspected coronary heart disease. Further studies should investigate whether B-vitamin status and smoking habits may modify the clinical effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skeie
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Elin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Strand
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Eva R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Bodil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bjørndal
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Pavol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bohov
authors.affiliation: Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Rolf K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Berge
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Gard F T
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Svingen
authors.affiliation: Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Per M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ueland
authors.affiliation: Bevital AS, Laboratory building, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Øivind
authors.initials: Ø
authors.lastname: Midttun
authors.affiliation: Bevital AS, Laboratory building, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Arve
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulvik
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Steinar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hustad
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Drevon
authors.affiliation: Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jesse F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.affiliation: Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Ottar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nygård
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003367:Cotinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000097:blood*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000097:blood*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D003367:Cotinine