title: Generation of amphidiploids from hybrids of wheat and related species from the genera Aegilops, Secale, Thinopyrum, and Triticum as a source of genetic variation for wheat improvement.
abstract: We aim to improve diversity of domesticated wheat by transferring genetic variation for important target traits from related wild and cultivated grass species. The present study describes the development of F1 hybrids between wheat and related species from the genera Aegilops, Secale, Thinopyrum, and Triticum and production of new amphidiploids. Amphidiploid lines were produced from 20 different distant relatives. Both colchicine and caffeine were successfully used to double the chromosome numbers. The genomic constitution of the newly formed amphidiploids derived from seven distant relatives was determined using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Altogether, 42 different plants were analysed, 19 using multicolour GISH separating the chromosomes from the A, B, and D genomes of wheat, as well as the distant relative, and 23 using single colour GISH. Restructuring of the allopolyploid genome, both chromosome losses and aneuploidy, was detected in all the genomes contained by the amphidiploids. From the observed chromosome numbers there is an indication that in amphidiploids the B genome of wheat suffers chromosome losses less frequently than the other wheat genomes. Phenotyping to realize the full potential of the wheat-related grass germplasm is underway, linking the analyzed genotypes to agronomically important target traits.
authors.affiliation: a Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
authors.forename: Csilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.affiliation: a Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
authors.forename: Cai-yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: a Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kasprzak
authors.affiliation: a Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hubbart
authors.affiliation: a Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
authors.forename: Duncan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scholefield
authors.affiliation: a Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
authors.forename: Surbhi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehra
authors.affiliation: b East Malling Research, New Road, East Malling, Kent, ME19 6BJ, UK.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skipper
authors.affiliation: a Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: a Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D004171:Diploidy; D014644:Genetic Variation; D018745:Genome, Plant; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D059785:Karyotype; D006109:Poaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D012434:Secale / Q000235:genetics; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Aegilops; Secale; Thinopyrum; Triticum; Triticum aestivum; amphidiploid; amphidiploïde; blé; chromosome doubling; doublement chromosomique; genomic in situ hybridization; hybridation génomique in situ; wheat