title: Transporters, chaperones, and P-type ATPases controlling grapevine copper homeostasis.
abstract: With more copper and copper-containing compounds used as bactericides and fungicides in viticulture, copper homeostasis in grapevine (Vitis) has become one of the serious environmental crises with great risk. To better understand the regulation of Cu homeostasis in grapevine, grapevine seedlings cultured in vitro with different levels of Cu were utilized to investigate the tolerance mechanisms of grapevine responding to copper availability at physiological and molecular levels. The results indicated that Cu contents in roots and leaves arose with increasing levels of Cu application. With copper concentration increasing, malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased in roots and leaves and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) increased to protect the plant itself from damage. The expression patterns of 19 genes, encoding transporters, chaperones, and P-type ATPases involved in copper homeostasis in root and leaf of grapevine seedling under various levels of Cu(2+) were further analyzed. The expression patterns indicated that CTr1, CTr2, and CTr8 transporters were significantly upregulated in response both to Cu excess and deficiency. ZIP2 was downregulated in response to Cu excess and upregulated under Cu-deficient conditions, while ZIP4 had an opposite expression pattern under similar conditions. The expression of chaperones and P-type ATPases in response to Cu availability in grapevine were also briefly studied.
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xiangpeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, 210095, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xiaopeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, 210095, China. shangguanlf@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lingfei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shangguan
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, 210095, China. fanggg@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jinggui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D010940:Plant Proteins; D003300:Copper; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidative enzymes; Copper homeostasis; Gene expression; Grapevine