title: Neuroticism and vigilance revisited: A transcranial doppler investigation.
abstract: Selecting for vigilance assignments remains an important factor in human performance research. The current study revisits the potential relationship between vigilance performance and trait neuroticism, in light of two possible theories. The first theory suggests that neuroticism impairs vigilance performance by competing for available resources. The second theory, attentional control theory, posits that high neuroticism can result in similar or superior performance levels due to the allocation of compensatory effort. In the present study, Transcranial Doppler Sonography was used to investigate the neurophysiological underpinnings of neuroticism during a 12-min abbreviated vigilance task. Performance results were not modified by level of neuroticism, but high neuroticism was associated with higher initial CBFV levels and a greater CBFV decrement over time. These findings indicate that participants higher in neuroticism recruited additional cognitive resources in order to achieve similar performance, suggesting that there is more of an effect on processing efficiency than effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22031, United States. Electronic address: amandel3@gmu.edu.
authors.forename: Arielle R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mandell
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22031, United States. Electronic address: abecker2@masonlive.gmu.edu.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22031, United States. Electronic address: avanande@masonlive.gmu.edu.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: VanAndel
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Pacific Lutheran University, Tacoma, WA 98447, United States. Electronic address: nelsonaa@plu.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22031, United States. Electronic address: tshaw4@gmu.edu.
authors.forename: Tyler H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000075384:Neuroticism; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anxiety; Attentional control theory; Neuroticism; Resource theory; Sustained attention; Transcranial doppler sonography; Vigilance