title: In Vitro Evaluation of Enzymatic and Antifungal Activities of Soil-Actinomycetes Isolates and Their Molecular Identification by PCR.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human cutaneous infection caused by a homogeneous group of keratinophilic fungi called dermatophytes. These fungi are the most common infectious agents in humans that are free of any population and geographic area. Microsporum canis is a cause of dermatophytosis (Tinea) in recent years in Iran and atypical strain has been isolated in Iran. Its cases occur sporadically due to M. canis transmission from puppies and cats to humans. Since this pathogenic dermatophyte is eukaryotes, chemical treatment with antifungal drugs may also affect host tissue cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to find a new antifungal agent of soil-Actinomycetes from Kerman province against M. canis and Actinomycete isolates were identified by PCR.
  
  
  METHODS
  A number of hundred Actinomycete isolated strains were evaluated from soil of Kerman province, for their antagonistic activity against the M. canis. M. canis of the Persian Type Culture Collection (PTCC) was obtained from the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST). Electron microscope studies of these isolates were performed based on the physiological properties of these antagonists including lipase, amylase, protease and chitinase activities according to the relevant protocols and were identified using gene 16SrDNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study the most antagonist of Actinomycete isolates with antifungal activity against M. canis isolates of L1, D5, Ks1m, Km2, Kn1, Ks8 and Ks1 were shown in vitro. Electron microscopic studies showed that some fungal strains form spores, mycelia and spore chain. Nucleotide analysis showed that Ks8 had maximum homology (98%) to Streptomyces zaomyceticus strain xsd08149 and L1 displayed 100% homology to Streptomyces sp. HVG6 using 16SrDNA studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings showed that Streptomyces has antifungal effects against M. canis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Nasser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Keikha
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Seyyed Amin
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ayatollahi Mousavi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ali Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Nakhaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yadegari
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Gholam Hossein
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Shahidi Bonjar
authors.affiliation: Zahedan Economic and Finance Organization, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Somayyeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amiri
keywords: 16SrDNA; Actinomycetes; Antifungal; Microsporum canis