title: Evaluation of the zoonotic potential of a novel reassortant H1N2 swine influenza virus with gene constellation derived from multiple viral sources.
abstract: In 2011-2012, contemporary North American-like H3N2 swine influenza viruses (SIVs) possessing the 2009 pandemic H1N1 matrix gene (H3N2pM-like virus) were detected in domestic pigs of South Korea where H1N2 SIV strains are endemic. More recently, we isolated novel reassortant H1N2 SIVs bearing the Eurasian avian-like swine H1-like hemagglutinin and Korean swine H1N2-like neuraminidase in the internal gene backbone of the H3N2pM-like virus. In the present study, we clearly provide evidence on the genetic origins of the novel H1N2 SIVs virus through genetic and phylogenetic analyses. In vitro studies demonstrated that, in comparison with a pre-existing 2012 Korean H1N2 SIV [A/swine/Korea/CY03-11/2012 (CY03-11/2012)], the 2013 novel reassortant H1N2 isolate [A/swine/Korea/CY0423/2013 (CY0423-12/2013)] replicated more efficiently in differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells. The CY0423-12/2013 virus induced higher viral titers than the CY03-11/2012 virus in the lungs and nasal turbinates of infected mice and nasal wash samples of ferrets. Moreover, the 2013 H1N2 reassortant, but not the intact 2012 H1N2 virus, was transmissible to naïve contact ferrets via respiratory-droplets. Noting that the viral precursors have the ability to infect humans, our findings highlight the potential threat of a novel reassortant H1N2 SIV to public health and underscore the need to further strengthen influenza surveillance strategies worldwide, including swine populations.
authors.affiliation: Colleage of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jee Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Philippe Noriel Q
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Pascua
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Arun G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Decano
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeok-Il
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Ha
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: HyongKyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Kwan
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Colleage of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bong Kyun
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Heungduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: choiki55@chungbuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young Ki
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005289:Ferrets; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006801:Humans; D057221:Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000821:virology*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication; D015047:Zoonoses
keywords: Human infection; Reassortment; Swine influenza virus; Transmission