title: Copeptin in Hemodialysis Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Copeptin has been considered as a useful marker for diagnosis and prediction of prognosis in heart diseases. However, copeptin has not been investigated sufficiently in hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate the general features of copeptin in hemodialysis and to examine the usefulness of copeptin in hemodialysis patients with left ventricular dysfunction (LV dysfunction).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 41 patients on regular hemodialysis. Routine laboratory data and peptides such as the N-terminal of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide and copeptin were measured on the day of hemodialysis. Body fluid volume was estimated by bioimpedance spectroscopy, and the E/Ea ratio was estimated by echocardiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Copeptin increased to 171.4 pg/mL before hemodialysis. The copeptin had a positive correlation with pre-dialysis body fluid volume (r=0.314; p=0.04). The copeptin level decreased along with body fluid volume and plasma osmolality during hemodialysis. The copeptin increased in the patients with LV dysfunction more than in those with normal LV function (218.7 pg/mL vs. 77.6 pg/mL; p=0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that copeptin had a diagnostic value in the hemodialysis patients with LV dysfunction (area under curve 0.737; p=0.02) and that the cut-off value was 125.48 pg/mL (sensitivity 0.7, specificity 0.8, positive predictive value 0.9, negative predictive value 0.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Copeptin increases in hemodialysis patients and is higher in patients with LV dysfunction. We believe that copeptin can be a useful marker for the diagnosis of LV dysfunction in hemodialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeoncheol
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngsub
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea. neptune@yonsei.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Byoung Geun
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006020:Glycopeptides; C048197:copeptins; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
keywords: Copeptin; hemodialysis; ventricular dysfunction