title: Circulating FABP4 is a prognostic biomarker in patients with acute coronary syndrome but not in asymptomatic individuals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Blood-borne biomarkers reflecting atherosclerotic plaque burden have great potential to improve clinical management of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using data integration from gene expression profiling of coronary thrombi versus peripheral blood mononuclear cells and proteomic analysis of atherosclerotic plaque-derived secretomes versus healthy tissue secretomes, we identified fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) as a biomarker candidate for coronary artery disease. Its diagnostic and prognostic performance was validated in 3 different clinical settings: (1) in a cross-sectional cohort of patients with stable coronary artery disease, ACS, and healthy individuals (n=820), (2) in a nested case-control cohort of patients with ACS with 30-day follow-up (n=200), and (3) in a population-based nested case-control cohort of asymptomatic individuals with 5-year follow-up (n=414). Circulating FABP4 was marginally higher in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (24.9 ng/mL) compared with controls (23.4 ng/mL; P=0.01). However, elevated FABP4 was associated with adverse secondary cerebrovascular or cardiovascular events during 30-day follow-up after index ACS, independent of age, sex, renal function, and body mass index (odds ratio, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.5; P=0.02). Circulating FABP4 predicted adverse events with similar prognostic performance as the GRACE in-hospital risk score or N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. Finally, no significant difference between baseline FABP4 was found in asymptomatic individuals with or without coronary events during 5-year follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circulating FABP4 may prove useful as a prognostic biomarker in risk stratification of patients with ACS.
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reiser
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Klingenberg
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hof
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Seraina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cooksley-Decasper
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akhmedov
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zoller
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marques-Vidal
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marti Soler
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Dik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heg
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Landmesser
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rodondi
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mach
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Windecker
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vollenweider
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Christian M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Matter
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lüscher
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.). arnold.voneckardstein@usz.ch.
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Eckardstein
authors.affiliation: From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.R., D.H., S.C.-D., A.v.E., J.G.), Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (R.K., N.F., A.A., U.L., C.M.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD), Zurich, Switzerland (H.R., A.v.E.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland (S.C.-D., U.L., C.M.M., T.F.L., A.v.E.); Bioinformatics, Genetic Diversity Center, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (S.Z.); Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.-V., P.V.), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health (H.M.S.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, and Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research (D.H.), Department of General Internal Medicine (N.R.), Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern (S.W.), University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (F.M.).
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gawinecka
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C493410:FABP4 protein, human; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins
keywords: FABP4 protein, human; acute coronary syndrome; atherosclerosis; biological markers; follow-up studies