title: Validity of adiponectin-to-leptin and adiponectin-to-resistin ratios as predictors of polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association of changes in adipokine ratios with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and related features as altered levels of the adipokines adiponectin, leptin, and resistin were linked with the pathogenesis of PCOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient obstetrics/gynecology and adult endocrinology clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unrelated women with PCOS (n = 211) and age-matched control women (n = 215).
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Utility of adiponectin/leptin and adiponectin/resistin ratios as potential biomarkers of PCOS and associated features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in adiponectin but not leptin or resistin serum levels were seen between women with PCOS and control women. Ratios of adiponectin/leptin and adiponectin/resistin, but not leptin/resistin ratios, were statistically significantly different between PCOS cases and control women. Receiver operated characteristics area under the curve demonstrated sensitivity and specificity for adiponectin/leptin and adiponectin/resistin but not leptin/resistin ratios or individual adipokines as predictors of PCOS. Adiponectin/leptin and adiponectin/resistin ratios negatively correlated with body mass index, homeostatic model assessment, insulin resistance, and free insulin, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin. In addition, adiponectin/resistin ratio negatively correlated with menarche.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ratios of adiponectin/leptin and adiponectin/resistin constitute novel predictor factors to explain PCOS and associated features and thus may present target for novel therapeutics in PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain. Electronic address: samehmss@agu.edu.bh.
authors.forename: Sameh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarray
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: Layal R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Saleh
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: Naeema
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
authors.forename: Wassim Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Almawi
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin
keywords: Adipokines; adiponectin; leptin; polycystic ovary syndrome; resistin