title: Mandibular tori as bone grafts: an alternative treatment for periodontal osseous defects - clinical, radiographic and histologic morphology evaluation.
abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate the clinical, radiographic and histochemical significance of using the mandibular tori as autogenous bone graft for treatment of intraosseous defects in patients with chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  
  Twenty-eight sites from 14 patients with chronic periodontitis were included in this study. Each patient was treated with split mouth design; one site received torus mandibularis bone graft and the other site received a full-thickness fap alone. Histopathologic assessment was evaluated on removal of torus mandibularis to evaluate its histologic structure and by the end of the study 9 month later. Clinical and radiographic parameters were re-evaluated at 3 months interval for 1 year.
  
  
  
  The results of the present study revealed significant gain in the clinical attachment level (CAL) (88.4%, 4.53 ± 0.06 mm) for torus mandibularis sites compared to (39.7%, 2.01 ± 0.04 mm) for full-thickness fap. Moreover, there was a reduction in the probing pocket depth (PPD) of (75.4%, 5.75 ± 0.12 mm) for torus mandibularis sites and (49.6%, 3.73 ± 0.14 mm) for sites treated with a full-thickness fap only; CAL and PPD differences were significant at p-value ≤0.01. Concomitantly, significant radiographic increase in the bone height and density were recorded in the test group.
  
  
  
  The use of mandibular tori as autogenous bone graft could provide benefits as a periodontal therapeutic modality and enhance regenerative potential of periodontal intraosseous defects.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam 31441, PO Box 1982, Saudi Arabia, Phone: +96654-476-0872, e-mail: hassan.khalid56@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Khalid S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Agal
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Adel I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Abdel-Hady
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dentistry, Tiba University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Wael M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Swelam
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manitoba University, Canada; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tanta University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Reda F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Elgazzar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D064592:Autografts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000601:surgery; D005096:Exostoses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000473:pathology; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000601:surgery; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000601:surgery; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing / Q000379:methods; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000601:surgery; D060053:Transplant Donor Site / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Autogenous bone grafts; Chronic periodontitis; Mandibular tori.