title: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Leaves of Solanum lycocarpum A. St. Hil. (Solanaceae).
abstract: Ethanol extract and fractions obtained from leaves of Solanum lycocarpum were examined in order to determine their phenolic composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic potential. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with DAD analysis indicated that the flavonoids apigenin and kaempferol were the main phenolic compounds present in dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions, respectively. The antioxidant activity was significantly more pronounced for dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and hydroethanol fractions than that of the commercial antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol. The hexane and dichloromethane fractions were more active against the tested bacteria. The hydroethanol fraction exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity at the dose of 75 and 150 mg/kg in the later phase of inflammation. However, the antiedematogenic effect of the higher dose of the ethyl acetate fraction (150 mg/kg) was more pronounced. The ethyl acetate fraction also presented a less cytotoxic effect than the ethanol extract and other fractions. These activities found in S. lycocarpum leaves can be attributed, at least in part, to the presence of phenolic constituents such as flavonoids. This work provided the knowledge of phenolic composition in the extract and fractions and the antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of leaves of S. lycocarpum.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Augusto Ferreira
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Melissa Grazielle
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Aparecida
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Saldanha
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Izabela Caputo
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Assis Silva
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Álan Alex
authors.initials: ÁA
authors.lastname: Aleixo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jaqueline Maria Siqueira
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joaquim Maurício
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Duarte-Almeida
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Alves Rodrigues Dos Santos
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lima