title: Cyanine fluorophores for cellular protection against ROS in stimulated macrophages and two-photon ROS detection.
abstract: We report the first example of a novel two-photon active, biocompatible, and macrophage cell-membrane permeable carbazole-based cyanine fluorophore for the detection of three biologically important ROS, namely, ˙OH, O2(-) and OCl(-) in solution. This versatile probe shows cellular protection not only in stimulated macrophages from phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced morphological changes but also lipopolysaccharide-induced cytotoxicity by quenching with the O2(-) and OCl(-) production, respectively. Such protection could be visualized by a distinct change in the fluorescence intensity of the probe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. peggylo@cityu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: D Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D017785:Photons; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002227:Carbazoles; D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C119222:phorbol-12-myristate