title: Novel theranostic agents for next-generation personalized medicine: small molecules, nanoparticles, and engineered mammalian cells.
abstract: Modern medicine is currently undergoing a paradigm shift from conventional disease treatments based on the diagnosis of a generalized disease state to a more personalized, customized treatment model based on molecular-level diagnosis. This uses novel biosensors that can precisely extract disease-related information from complex biological systems. Moreover, with the recent progress in chemical biology, materials science, and synthetic biology, it has become possible to simultaneously conduct diagnosis and targeted therapy (theranostics/theragnosis) by directly connecting the readout of a biosensor to a therapeutic output. These advances pave the way for more advanced and better personalized treatment for intractable diseases with fewer side effects. In this review, we describe recent advances in the development of cutting-edge theranostic agents that contain both diagnostic and therapeutic functions in a single integrated system. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each modality, we discuss the future challenges and prospects of developing ideal theranostic agents for the next generation of personalized medicine.
authors.affiliation: ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.affiliation: IUTA Département Génie Biologique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aubel
authors.affiliation: ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Life Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: martin.fussenegger@bsse.ethz.ch.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fussenegger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D018796:Immunoconjugates; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries