title: [Nutritional status of two generations of brothers and sisters <5 years of age beneficiaries from opportunities living in marginalized rural communities in Chiapas, Mexico].
abstract: Mexico, in recent decades, has developed several programs to eradicate the problem of infant malnutrition <5 years, primarily among those living in rural and indigenous areas. However, there is insufficient evidence on these programs’ impact on child health and nutrition.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the nutritional changes of two generations of brothers and sisters living in rural communities of Chiapas and who are Oportunidades beneficiaries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study. It was determined: underweight, stunting, wasting and overweight plus obesity. Older brothers and sisters were evaluated in 2002-2003, for 2010-2011 younger brothers and sisters were evaluated, both groups were <5 years of age at the time of data collection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Malnutrition, in its three types is a problem. 43.4% of brothers and sisters evaluated in 2010-2011 showed stunting, underweight prevalence declined from 18% to 13.2%, wasting (low weight for height) increased from 8.1% to 10.4%. Overweight and obesity increased significantly by 12 percentage points among brothers and sisters, from 24.8% in 2002-2003 to 36.8% in 2010-2011. Malnutrition among male children is lower than their brothers and sisters from the 2002-2003 generation (stunting p=<0.05), overweight and obesity was 10.9 percentage points higher than their brothers and sisters (26.4% to 37.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children beneficiaries from Opportunities have not yet overcome chronic malnutrition problems. This study shows that there is not a clear impact in improving the nutritional status of the study population.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas.. egarcia@ecosur.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Esmeralda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Parra
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas.. hochoa@ecosur.mx.
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochoa-Díaz-López
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas.. rgmiranda7@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García-Miranda
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Interior, Ciudad Universitaria.. lamorealmx@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moreno-Altamirano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas (México), México.. hmorales@ecosur.mx.
authors.forename: Helda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas (México), México.. eestrada@ecosur.mx.
authors.forename: Erin Ingrid Jane
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Estrada-Lugo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas.. rsolis@ecosur.mx.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Solís-Hernández
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D000067576:Child Health; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000453:epidemiology; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population