title: Cyanamide phytotoxicity in soybean (Glycine max) seedlings involves aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition and oxidative stress.
abstract: The phytotoxic effect of the allelochemical cyanamide has been well-documented yet the underlying mechanism for this phenomenon has not been fully characterized. Cognizant of the putative inhibitory effect of cyanamide on aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), we hereby show that the capacity of mitochondrial preparations from cyanamide-treated soybean seedlings to oxidize acetaldehyde and succinic-semialdehyde was dose-dependently reduced to at most 55% and 70%, respectively. Cyanamide-treated plants exhibited oxidative stress (i.e. increased lipid peroxidation and H2O2 accumulation) that was exacerbated upon exposure to UV-A--symptoms reminiscent of ALDH and succinic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) knock-out Arabidopsis mutants. We suggest that the inhibition of mitochondrial ALDH and SSADH may be a contributory mechanism to the burst in oxidative stress mediated by cyanamide.
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Maninang
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003484:Cyanamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010675:Pheromones / Q000633:toxicity; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010675:Pheromones; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D003484:Cyanamide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase