title: Imaging of Urinary System Trauma.
abstract: Computed tomography (CT) imaging of the kidney, ureter, and bladder permit accurate and prompt diagnosis or exclusion of traumatic injuries, without the need to move the patient to the fluoroscopy suite. Real-time review of imaging permits selective delayed imaging, reducing time on the scanner and radiation dose for patients who do not require delays. Modifying imaging parameters to obtain thicker slices and noisier images permits detection of contrast extravasation from the kidneys, ureters, and bladder, while reducing radiation dose on the delayed or cystographic imaging. The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grading system is discussed, along with challenges and limitations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 359728, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104-2499, USA. Electronic address: jagross@uw.edu.
authors.forename: Joel A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 359728, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104-2499, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 359728, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104-2499, USA.
authors.forename: Ken F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Linnau
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 359868, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104-2499, USA.
authors.forename: Bryan B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Voelzke
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 359728, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104-2499, USA.
authors.forename: Claire K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sandstrom
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000293:injuries*; D014567:Urography / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Bladder trauma; CT cystogram; CT urinoma; Genitourinary trauma; Kidney trauma; Renal trauma; Ureter trauma; Urinary tract trauma