title: Effect of zinc on in vitro development of porcine embryos.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effect of zinc on in vitro development of porcine embryos. We evaluated the effects of zinc on blastocysts formation and investigated gene expression at zinc-deficient and supplemented conditions. Zinc-deficient in vitro condition was induced by 10-μM N,N,N',N'-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-ethylendiamine (TPEN) (zinc chelator) treatment during IVC. On parthenogenetic activated embryos, this treatment significantly decreased cleavage rate and blastocyst formation compared with the control (0.0% and 0.0% vs. 69.0% and 36.0%, respectively). And time effect of the zinc deficiency exposure is observed. Blastocyst formation rate was significantly decreased as zinc-deficient time increases (54.1%, 31.0%, 9.0%, and 1.2% for zinc deficiency during 0, 3, 5, and 7 hours). However, zinc supplementation during IVC supported in vitro embryonic development. On parthenogenetic activated embryos, supplementation of 0.8 μg/mL of zinc during IVC significantly increased blastocyst formation compared with other groups (43.9%, 57.8%, 67.1%, 51.4%, and 52.6% for zinc supplementation of 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 μg/mL). In vitro-fertilized (IVF) embryos showed similar results. The blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher in the 0.8 μg/mL of zinc-supplemented group than in the other groups (21.3%, 24.1%, 36.1%, 25.9%, and 25.2% for zinc supplementation of 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 μg/mL). PCNA, POU5F1, and Bcl2 messenger RNA expressions were unregulated in IVF-derived blastocysts in the 0.8 μg/mL of zinc-supplemented group compared with the control. These results suggest that zinc is required for embryonic development, and supplementation with adequate zinc concentrations during IVC improved the viability of porcine embryos, possibly by increasing PCNA, POU5F1, and Bcl2 gene expression of embryos.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yubyeol
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Junchul David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seon-Ung
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eunhye
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eunsong
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eui Bae
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Jeung
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: shhyun@cbu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sang-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hyun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques / Q000662:veterinary*; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000633:toxicity; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D010312:Parthenogenesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000196:embryology*; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005029:Ethylenediamines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015032:Zinc; C044387:N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine
keywords: Embryo; IVC; Porcine; Zinc