title: Extracorporeal life support for adult cardiopulmonary failure.
abstract: The use of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), as it is also known, has rapidly expanded over the past decade. The increase in ECMO use is a consequence of multiple factors including significant advancements in extracorporeal technology, the emergence of data supporting its use, and a growing number of potential clinical applications. This review focuses on the various modes of ECLS as well as the clinical indications and available evidence for the use of extracorporeal support.
authors.affiliation: General Surgery, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800681, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: Bs2cd@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Basil W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Schaheen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, P.O. Box 800710, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0710, USA. Electronic address: thiele@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Thiele
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, P.O. Box 800679, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: james.isbell@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Isbell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D012770:Shock, Cardiogenic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery
keywords: acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury; cardiogenic shock/postcardiotomy shock; extracorporeal life support/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; pumpless extracorporeal lung assist