title: Quantification of severe liver iron overload using MRI offset echoes.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the clinical standard to estimate liver iron overload. The most commonly used method is to measure the transversal relaxation time, T2*, from a multi gradient recalled echo sequence (MGRE). While this technique is reliable in low to moderate liver iron concentrations (LIC), it will be inaccurate when it is severe. We report a case with severe liver hemochromatosis and show the benefit of using an easily implemented MRI offset echo sequence to more accurately estimate LIC. After adjusting treatment, both Ferritin and LIC decreased. Using standard MGRE this reduction could not have been detected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Henric
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rydén
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skorpil
keywords: Abdomen/GI; adults and pediatrics; imaging sequences; liver; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)