title: Combined Medial Cuneiform Osteotomy and Multiple Metatarsal Osteotomies For Correction of Persistent Metatarsus Adductus in Children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metatarsus adductus may occur in children after otherwise successful clubfoot treatment or may be an isolated deformity. There are various bony procedures currently in use for treatment of this problem. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with medial cuneiform opening-wedge osteotomy along with transmetatarsal osteotomy through the base of the second to fifth for treatment of the forefoot adductus in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1992 to 2008, we found 16 patients, 25 feet who underwent the procedure by a single surgeon (MDS) at the Shriners Hospitals for Children in Portland. All preoperative and postoperative radiographs were measured and analyzed and all clinic notes were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Major improvements were seen in the configuration of the foot. Significant differences were found between preoperative and postoperative anteroposterior standing radiographs by measuring the talo-first metatarsal angle, the talo-calcaneal angle, the calcaneal-second metatarsal angle, and the calcaneal-fifth metatarsal angle (P<0.005). On the lateral view the talo-first metatarsal, the talo-calcaneal, the tibio-talar, the tibio-calcaneal, and the pitch angle did not show any change. An unexpected finding was that after the surgery, the lateral subluxation of talo-navicular joint was partially corrected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This retrospective study suggests that combined medial cuneiform opening-wedge osteotomy with transmetatarsal osteotomy through the base of second to fifth can effectively correct this deformity regardless of the underlying cause. In our cases, we achieved good clinical and radiographic results. We have used this procedure for patients 6 years and older who have moderate to severe forefoot adductus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level IV-therapeutic studies.
authors.affiliation: *Xiamen Women and Children's Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian Province, P.R. China †Shriners Hospitals for Children, Portland, OR.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sussman
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005413:Flatfoot / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D000070592:Metatarsus Varus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011187:Posture; D011859:Radiography / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013639:Tarsal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome