title: [Emotional and language prosody and working memory in patients with depression].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis about the relationship between the efficiency of executive functions and emotional prosody and linguistic prosody among patients with recurrent depressive disorder (rDD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised 80 subjects, patients with rDD. Assessment of cognitive function was based on performance of the Trail Making Test (TMT), the Stroop Test, the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFFT) and emotional prosody and linguistic prosody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Efficiency of emotional prosody is linked to the execution of one part of the test VFT. Efficiency in the language prosody goes hand in hand with the speed of execution of both parts of the TMT, correctness of the implementation of VFT and RFFT. A negative impact of depressive symptoms only for language prosody was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deficits in the recognition of emotional stimuli in depression are not necessarily limited to visual information, but may also apply to non-verbal auditory stimuli (prosody). The severity of symptoms of depression impairs efficiency of linguistic prosody. The efficiency of frontal functions (both visual-spatial and verbal-auditory) is related to the ability of patients to use non-verbal communication of emotional information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talarowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Marlena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zajączkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gałecki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012008:Recurrence; D057190:Stroop Test; D014706:Verbal Learning; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: depressive disorders; emotional prosody; executive functions; language prosody