title: Diallyl sulfides: Selective inhibitors of family X DNA polymerases from garlic (Allium sativum L.).
abstract: Diallyl sulfides, organosulfur compounds isolated from garlic (Allium sativum L.), selectively inhibit the activities of mammalian family X DNA polymerases (pols), such as pol β, pol λ and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), in vitro. The purified fraction (i.e., Sample-A) consisted of diallyl trisulfide, diallyl tetrasulfide and diallyl pentasulfide (molecular ratio: 5.3:3:1). Commercially purchased diallyl sulfides also inhibited the activities of family X pols, and the order of their effect was as follows: Sample-A>diallyl trisulfide>diallyl disulfide>diallyl monosulfide, suggesting that the number of sulfur atoms in the compounds might play an important structural role in enzyme inhibition. The suppression of human cancer cell (promyelocytic leukaemia cell line, HL-60) growth had the same tendency as the inhibition of pol X family among the compounds. Diallyl sulfides were suggested to bind to the pol β-like region of family X pols.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Science, Kobe-Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Department, Bizen Chemical Co., Ltd., Akaiwa-shi, Okayama 709-0716, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hada
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuramochi
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Department, Bizen Chemical Co., Ltd., Akaiwa-shi, Okayama 709-0716, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Science, Kobe-Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yonezawa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Science, Kobe-Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan.
authors.forename: Isoko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kuriyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Science, Kobe-Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan; Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences, Kobe-Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Science, Kobe-Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan; Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences, Kobe-Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan. Electronic address: mizushin@nutr.kobegakuin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizushina
keywords: Cytotoxicity; DNA polymerase β (pol β); DNA polymerase λ (pol λ); Diallyl sulfides; Enzyme inhibitor; Family X of DNA polymerases (pol X); Garlic; Pol β-like region; Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)