title: T Helper 17/Regulatory T Cell Balance and Experimental Models of Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced Damage.
abstract: Fibrosis is a general complication in many diseases. It is the main complication during peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment, a therapy for renal failure disease. Local inflammation and mesothelial to mesenchymal transition (MMT) are well known key phenomena in peritoneal damage during PD. New data suggest that, in the peritoneal cavity, inflammatory changes may be regulated at least in part by a delicate balance between T helper 17 and regulatory T cells. This paper briefly reviews the implication of the Th17/Treg-axis in fibrotic diseases. Moreover, it compares current evidences described in PD animal experimental models, indicating a loss of Th17/Treg balance (Th17 predominance) leading to peritoneal damage during PD. In addition, considering the new clinical and animal experimental data, new therapeutic strategies to reduce the Th17 response and increase the regulatory T response are proposed. Thus, future goals should be to develop new clinical biomarkers to reverse this immune misbalance and reduce peritoneal fibrosis in PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain ; Department of Nephrology, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liappas
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain ; Department of Nephrology, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Guadalupe Tirma
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Gónzalez-Mateo
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto de La Princesa (IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Majano
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Service, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Tomero
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Rare Diseases, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Ortega
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Rare Diseases, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6348-1505
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodrigues Díez
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Vascular Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Vascular Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Selgas
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López-Cabrera
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto de La Princesa (IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Abelardo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguilera Peralta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology