title: The role of lipid dysregulation and vascular risk factors in glaucomatous retrobulbar circulation.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate selected lipid-related and vascular factors and their effect on retrobulbar hemodynamics in glaucoma. Fifty-six patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) [POAG group; mean age 68.32 years (SD±0.21)] and 54 patients in control group [CG, mean age 68.1 years (SD±5.34)] were examined. Peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, mean velocity, pulsatility index, and resistive index of the ophthalmic artery, the central retinal artery and the posterior ciliary arteries were measured by Color Doppler Imaging. Selected lipid-related, systemic and local vascular parameters were evaluated. Statistical methods included Shapiro-Wilk, Student-t and Mann-Whitney U tests, and Spearman rank correlations. In POAG group systolic arterial blood pressure, diastolic arterial blood pressure, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-ch), and intraocular pressure were significantly higher; while ocular perfusion pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch) and diastolic ocular perfusion pressure were significantly lower (p≤0.05). Color Doppler Imaging confirmed blood flow abnormalities in all investigated arteries. In addition, significant correlations of HDL-ch, LDL-ch and triglycerides (TG) with peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity and mean velocity were found in individual arteries (p≤0.05). Also, significant associations of systolic arterial blood pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, systolic oclular perfusion pressure and diastolic ocular perfusion pressure with peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, mean velocity and resistive index were revealed in the posterior ciliary arteries (p≤0.05). Dysregulation of lipid-related and vascular factors, as well as statistical correlation between the above and retrobulbar blood flow indices, might imply their role in vasoconstrictive processes during glaucomatous endotheliopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin. monika_modrzej@op.pl.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modrzejewska
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grzesiak
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaborski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Modrzejewska
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019842:Ciliary Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009915:Orbit / Q000098:blood supply*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology