title: Protective Effects of Ferulic Acid on High Glucose-Induced Protein Glycation, Lipid Peroxidation, and Membrane Ion Pump Activity in Human Erythrocytes.
abstract: Ferulic acid (FA) is the ubiquitous phytochemical phenolic derivative of cinnamic acid. Experimental studies in diabetic models demonstrate that FA possesses multiple mechanisms of action associated with anti-hyperglycemic activity. The mechanism by which FA prevents diabetes-associated vascular damages remains unknown. The aim of study was to investigate the protective effects of FA on protein glycation, lipid peroxidation, membrane ion pump activity, and phosphatidylserine exposure in high glucose-exposed human erythrocytes. Our results demonstrated that FA (10-100 μM) significantly reduced the levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) whereas 0.1-100 μM concentrations inhibited lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes exposed to 45 mM glucose. This was associated with increased glucose consumption. High glucose treatment also caused a significant reduction in Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the erythrocyte plasma membrane which could be reversed by FA. Furthermore, we found that FA (0.1-100 μM) prevented high glucose-induced phosphatidylserine exposure. These findings provide insights into a novel mechanism of FA for the prevention of vascular dysfunction associated with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Program in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Research Group of Herbal Medicine for Prevention and Therapeutic of Metabolic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Weerachat
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sompong
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Henrique
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Herbal Medicine for Prevention and Therapeutic of Metabolic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sirichai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adisakwattana
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D006031:Glycosylation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016623:Ion Pumps / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003373:Coumaric Acids; D016623:Ion Pumps; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D020011:Protective Agents; C004999:ferulic acid; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D005947:Glucose