title: [Atomic force microscopy: a tool to analyze the viral cycle].
abstract: Each step of the HIV-1 life cycle frequently involves a change in the morphology and/or mechanical properties of the viral particle or core. The atomic force microscope (AFM) constitutes a powerful tool for characterizing these physical changes at the scale of a single virus. Indeed, AFM enables the visualization of viral capsids in a controlled physiological environment and to probe their mechanical properties by nano-indentation. Finally, AFM force spectroscopy allows to characterize the affinities between viral envelope proteins and cell receptors at the single molecule level.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de physique, CNRS UMR 5672, Ecole normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bernaud
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de physique, CNRS UMR 5672, Ecole normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castelnovo
authors.affiliation: Centre d'étude d'agents pathogènes et biotechnologie pour la santé, CNRS UMR 5236, 1919, route de Mende, 34 293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muriaux
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de physique, CNRS UMR 5672, Ecole normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors.forename: Cendrine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Faivre-Moskalenko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002213:Capsid / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004867:Equipment Design; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008846:Micromanipulation / Q000379:methods; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena
chemical_list: D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins; D015728:Receptors, HIV