title: Australian vaccine preventable disease epidemiological review series: measles 2000-2011.
abstract: Since the introduction of measles vaccine to the vaccination schedule, the burden of measles has substantially fallen in Australia. Despite this, a number of recent measles outbreaks have occurred. The aim of this study was to examine the burden of measles in Australia using notification, hospitalisation and mortality data with the objectives of setting a baseline for comparison prior to the introduction of the combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine.
  
  
  
  Data were obtained from the Australian National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System, the National Hospital Morbidity Database and the National Mortality Database to obtain notification, hospitalisation and death data, respectively from 2000 to 2011. Rates were calculated and compared over time by age group and jurisdiction.
  
  
  
  Since 1993, measles notifications have fallen considerably in Australia. However, between 2000 and 2011, measles notification rates and hospitalisation rates fluctuated. Between 2000 and 2011, there were 990 measles notifications in Australia. The average annual notification rate was 0.4 per 100,000 population. Children aged 0-4 years were the most susceptible group, particularly infants less than 1 year of age (average annual rate, 1.6 per 100,000 population). High incidence was also observed in adolescents (average annual rate, 0.7 per 100,000 population) and young adults (average annual rate, 0.8 per 100,000 population). Jurisdictional variation occurred with differing patterns of notifications and hospitalisations.
  
  
  
  Although a marked reduction in measles notifications and hospitalisations has occurred in the past decade, susceptible individuals should be vaccinated to prevent outbreaks and to maintain a low incidence of measles and Australia's elimination status.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Westmead, New South Wales.
authors.forename: May
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiew
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Westmead, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Aditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: Office of Health Protection, Health Protection Policy Branch, Department of Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.
authors.forename: Nicolee
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Westmead, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Westmead, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: McIntyre
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018563:Disease Notification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018103:Morbillivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014611:Vaccination; D017778:Vaccines, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; C050102:measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccine