title: Headache and ADHD in Pediatric Age: Possible Physiopathological Links.
abstract: Primary headache and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common disorders in children and adolescences, frequently associated to severe cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. They both are a disabling condition with consequences on family and child's quality of life. Literature data on their association are contrasting. Dopaminergic system dysfunction, brain iron deficiency, and sleep disturbance should be considered to better understand headache and ADHD overlap. In this review, we analyze the complex association between these two diseases and the potential impact on child neurodevelopment.
authors.affiliation: Child Neurology, Headache Paediatric Center, Paediatric Sleep Disorders, NESMOS Department, Chair of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, c/o Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Chiara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Paolino
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parisi
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D006261:Headache / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology