title: Macrophage Activation Syndrome as Onset of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature.
abstract: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a potentially fatal condition. It belongs to the hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis group of diseases. In adults, MAS is rarely associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, but it also arises as complication of several systemic autoimmune disorders, like ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and adult-onset Still's disease. Several treatment options for MAS have been reported in the literature, including a therapeutic regimen of etoposide, dexamethasone, and cyclosporine. Here we report a case of 42-year-old woman in whom MAS occurred as onset of systemic lupus erythematosus.
authors.affiliation: UOC Immunologia Clinica A, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Granata
authors.affiliation: I Divisione Dermatologica, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IRCCS, 00167 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Didona
authors.affiliation: UOC Immunologia Clinica A, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stifano
authors.affiliation: UOC Immunologia Clinica A, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feola
authors.affiliation: UOC Immunologia Clinica A, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Granata