title: FOXP1 and SPINK1 reflect the risk of cirrhosis progression to HCC with HBV infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) deriving from cirrhosis with HBV infection harbors higher morbidity and poor prognosis. The diagnosis of HCC at its early stage is essential for improving the effect of treatment and survival rate of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Affymetrix GeneChip was practiced to establish gene expression profile and significance analysis of microarray (SAM) as well as prediction analysis of microarray (PAM) was utilized to screen candidate marker genes in tissue of carcinoma and para-cancerous with cirrhosis from 15 hepatitis B virus (HBV) related HCC patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total 497 differential genes were selected by microarray (fold change >2; P value<0.01). Then 162 significant genes were determined by SAM (fold change -1.46 to 1.28). A number of 8-genes showing "poor risk signature" was validated with threshold of 6.2, which was associated with cirrhosis progressing to HCC. Only 3 down-regulated and 2 up-regulated predictor genes had statistical difference in HCC and cirrhosis groups by RT-PCR (P value<0.01). Forkhead box protein 1 (FOXP1) and serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 1 (SPINK1) proteins were found significantly increased in carcinoma tissues than para-cancerous cirrhotic tissues by IH and WB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over-expression of FOXP1 and SPINK1 may participate in the carcinogenesis of HBV related cirrhosis. They could use as potential biomarkers for diagnosing early HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Xia
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
authors.forename: Lun-Gen
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China. Electronic address: xumingyi2014@163.com.
authors.forename: Ming-Yi
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014359:Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C486626:FOXP1 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C486642:SPINK1 protein, human; D014359:Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic
keywords: Cirrhosis; Forkhead box protein 1 (FOXP1); Hepatitis B virus (HBV); Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); Serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 1 (SPINK1)