title: An Animal Model Using Metallic Ions to Produce Autoimmune Nephritis.
abstract: Autoimmune nephritis triggered by metallic ions was assessed in a Long-Evans rat model. The parameters evaluated included antinuclear autoantibody production, kidney damage mediated by immune complexes detected by immunofluorescence, and renal function tested by retention of nitrogen waste products and proteinuria. To accomplish our goal, the animals were treated with the following ionic metals: HgCl2, CuSO4, AgNO3, and Pb(NO3)2. A group without ionic metals was used as the control. The results of the present investigation demonstrated that metallic ions triggered antinuclear antibody production in 60% of animals, some of them with anti-DNA specificity. Furthermore, all animals treated with heavy metals developed toxic glomerulonephritis with immune complex deposition along the mesangium and membranes. These phenomena were accompanied by proteinuria and increased concentrations of urea. Based on these results, we conclude that metallic ions may induce experimental autoimmune nephritis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios de Inmunología y Biología Molecular, UA Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98040 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: Roxana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Sandoval
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios de Inmunología y Biología Molecular, UA Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98040 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nayeli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Luévano-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios de Inmunología y Biología Molecular, UA Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98040 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mayra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios de Inmunología y Biología Molecular, UA Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98040 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: María Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pérez-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios de Inmunología y Biología Molecular, UA Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98040 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saldívar-Elias
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patología, Universidad Autónoma de Durango, Campus Zacatecas, 98160 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: Reinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gurrola-Carlos
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios de Inmunología y Biología Molecular, UA Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98040 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: Esperanza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Avalos-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios de Inmunología y Biología Molecular, UA Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98040 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bollain-y-Goytia
authors.affiliation: Laboratorios de Inmunología y Biología Molecular, UA Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98040 Zacatecas, ZAC, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6516-1188
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herrera-Esparza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000379:methods; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology; D007477:Ions / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D009393:Nephritis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals