title: A comprehensive review on phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Elaeagnus angustifolia L.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Elaeagnus angustifolia L., commonly known as oleaster or Russian olive, is used worldwide as a traditional natural remedy or nutritional agent for the management of a wide range of illnesses. The aim of the present study is to comprehensively review the ethnopharmacological uses, biological activities and phytochemistry of E. angustifolia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Modern scientific investigations suggest that the plant possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic effects, including antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, anti-arthritic, wound healing, cardioprotective, hypolipidemic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antitumour and gastroprotective activity. Various phytochemical constituents, including β-carboline alkaloids, polysaccharides, esters, flavone glycosides, phenols, phenolic acids, ketones, phenyl ethers, pyrimidines, steroids and terpenes, as well as nutritional components such as essential and non-essential amino acids and nutraceuticals like vitamins and fatty acids, have been identified in E. angustifolia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering its wide variety of pharmacological activity as well as its huge diversity of active phytochemicals, E. angustifolia could be proposed as a good candidate for discovering new drugs. Further clinical and experimental studies are necessary to reveal the beneficial therapeutic, safety and pharmaceutical properties of E. angustifolia and its phytochemicals as a complementary and alternative medicine for the management of various disorders.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.|Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hosein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Farzaei
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Roodabeh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bahramsoltani
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Abbasabadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Roja
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rahimi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031263:Elaeagnaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D020834:Ethnopharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Elaeagnus angustifolia; Russian olive; oleaster; silver berry; wild olive