title: Long-term outcomes of angiographically confirmed coronary stent thrombosis: results from a multicentre California registry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Limited data exist on long-term outcomes of patients with stent thrombosis (ST). Our aim was to describe the long-term outcomes after angiographically confirmed ST.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this multicentre registry, consecutive cases of definite ST were identified between 2005 and 2013. Clinical and procedural characteristics, in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival up to five years were compared between those with and those without adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction and stroke. Two hundred and twenty-one patients with 239 stent thrombosis events were identified. Patients who developed MACCE were older, less likely to be men, and less likely to have hypertension. Angiographic characteristics were similar. Patients who had a MACCE event showed a trend towards a lower likelihood of procedural success (86% vs. 91%, p=0.05). MACCE rates were 22% at one year and 41% at five years. All-cause mortality was 13% at one year and 24% at five years. On multivariable analysis, age, diabetes mellitus, active smoking and ST at a bifurcation were independently associated with the occurrence of MACCE up to five years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age, active smoking, diabetes mellitus and bifurcation disease are independently associated with long-term MACCE over a five-year follow-up period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Khung Keong
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Ehrin J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Krishan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soni
authors.forename: Stephen W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Waldo
authors.forename: Mitul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: MacGregor
authors.forename: Reginald I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: Kendrick A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Shunk
authors.forename: Ehtisham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mahmud
authors.forename: Jason H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002140:California; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome