title: In Vitro Treatment with 2-APB Inhibits the Inflammation in Nasal Polyps.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glucocorticoids are considered the main treatment option for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), but their effect rate ranges from 60.9% to 80%. Novel therapeutic means should be studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of Orai1 in nasal polyps (NPs) and the influence of intervention of Orai1 on NPs after in vitro treatment of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nasal biopsy samples were obtained from normal subjects or subjects with CRSwNP. We studied the localization of Orai1 protein in NPs by using immunohistochemistry. Then these tissues in cultures were maintained in the absence or presence of dexamethasone (DEX) or 2-APB. Orai1 was examined by Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Inflammatory mediators including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-5, eosinophil cation protein (ECP), leukotriene (LT)C4, interferon (IFN)-γ, and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP)-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) as well as mucins (MUCs) including MUC5B and MUC7 in cultures were analyzed with ELISA and real-time RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of Orai1 was localized to cytoplasmic membrane of inflammatory cells and submucosal glandular cells and was upregulated in NPs compared with normal nasal mucosa. Orai1 was decreased in NPs after in vitro treatment of 2-APB but not after DEX intervention. The levels of inflammatory mediators and mucins were reduced more after 2-APB treatment when compared with those after DEX treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orai1 may play crucial roles in NP formation, and the intervention of Orai1 may inhibit NP development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China linlinhsn@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhongchun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lihui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004724:Endoscopy; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; D011446:Prospective Studies; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D015220:Calcium Channels; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; C510746:ORAI1 protein, human; D003907:Dexamethasone; C109986:2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate
keywords: 2-APB; DEX; Orai1; inflammation; nasal polyps