title: Carbohydrates on Proteins: Site-Specific Glycosylation Analysis by Mass Spectrometry.
abstract: Glycosylation on proteins adds complexity and versatility to these biologically vital macromolecules. To unveil the structure-function relationship of glycoproteins, glycopeptide-centric analysis using mass spectrometry (MS) has become a method of choice because the glycan is preserved on the glycosylation site and site-specific glycosylation profiles of proteins can be readily determined. However, glycopeptide analysis is still challenging given that glycopeptides are usually low in abundance and relatively difficult to detect and the resulting data require expertise to analyze. Viewing the urgent need to address these challenges, emerging methods and techniques are being developed with the goal of analyzing glycopeptides in a sensitive, comprehensive, and high-throughput manner. In this review, we discuss recent advances in glycoprotein and glycopeptide analysis, with topics covering sample preparation, analytical separation, MS and tandem MS techniques, as well as data interpretation and automation.
authors.affiliation: Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047; email: hdesaire@ku.edu.
authors.forename: Zhikai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Desaire
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis*; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000032:analysis*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D006020:Glycopeptides; D006023:Glycoproteins
keywords: glycopeptide; glycoprotein; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; software; tandem MS