title: Does severe dietary energy restriction increase binge eating in overweight or obese individuals? A systematic review.
abstract: Severe dietary energy restriction is often used for overweight or obese individuals to achieve rapid weight loss and related health improvements. However, the extent of putative adverse effects on eating behaviour is unknown. We thus systematically searched seven databases for studies that assessed binge eating before and after severe dietary energy restriction (low or very low energy diets) in overweight or obese individuals. Fifteen clinically supervised interventions from 10 publications (nine of which involved only women) were included. Among individuals with clinically relevant pre-treatment binge eating disorder, severe dietary energy restriction significantly decreased binge eating in all four interventions involving this population, at least during the weight loss programme. In contrast, no consistent association between severe dietary energy restriction and the onset of bingeing was found in 11 interventions involving individuals without pre-treatment binge eating disorder, with four such interventions showing significant increases, two showing no change, and five showing significant decreases in binge eating. We conclude that clinically supervised severe dietary energy restriction appears safe and beneficial for overweight or obese individuals with pre-treatment binge eating disorder, and does not necessarily trigger binge eating in those without binge eating disorder.
authors.affiliation: The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: F Q
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: da Luz
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Research and School of Medicine, The University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.affiliation: The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Touyz
authors.affiliation: The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Swinbourne
authors.affiliation: The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roekenes
authors.affiliation: The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.|School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sainsbury
mesh_terms: D002032:Bulimia / Q000209:etiology*; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000523:psychology; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000009:adverse effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: Binge eating; eating disorders; obesity; reducing diet