title: Association of TGFB, but not IL10, single nucleotide polymorphisms with febrile seizures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common convulsive event in children. Inflammatory elements and genetics seem to have major roles in their pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy nine patients with FS were enrolled in this study and compared with 140 controls. Cytokine genotyping was performed, using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. The allele and genotype frequency of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IL-10 gene at -1082, -819 and -592 positions (rs1800896, rs1800871, rs1800872), and two SNPs within the TGFB at codons 10 and 25 (rs1982037, rs1800471) were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was detected in allelic frequency of IL-10 at -1082, -819 and -592 positions (rs1800896, rs1800871, rs1800872) and TGFB at codon 25 (rs1800471), between patients and controls. A significant negative association was observed at the codon 10/CT (rs1982037) in the patient group (OR, 0.5; 95%CI, 0.27-0.93; p=0.026). Further, a negative association was detected in patients with simple FS at same position (OR, 0.41; 95%CI, 0.18-0.93; p=0.03), thus revealing a protective effects in FS patients. There was no significant difference in allelic and genotype frequency between simple and complex FS samples. Furthermore, haplotype analysis revealed significant difference in frequency of TGFB/TC haplotype in comparison between complex FS patients and controls (p=0.048).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Certain alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes in TGFB genes were over represented in patients with FS, which possibly could predispose individuals to this disease.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, The University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahrokhi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ameneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zare-Shahabadi
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Research Center; and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Samaneh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soltani
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, The University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soleimani
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, The University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Roshanak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vameghi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arian Rahimi
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Konjkav
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Parviz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Pegah
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Katibeh
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vafaei
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Research Center; and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Samaneh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zoghi
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ashrafi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Molecular Immunology Research Center; and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: rezaei_nima@tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rezaei
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D007492:Iran; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000235:genetics*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Febrile seizure; Gene polymorphisms; Interleukin-10; TGF-β