title: Chlorpyrifos is estrogenic and alters embryonic hatching, cell proliferation and apoptosis in zebrafish.
abstract: The potential interference of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on aquatic animals and humans has drawn wide attention in recent years. Reports have shown that some organophosphorus pesticides were a kind of EDCs, but their effects on fish species are still under research. In present study, flow cytometry data of HEC-1B cell line showed that chlorpyrifos (CPF) could increase cell proliferation index like 17β-estradiol (E2), but the effect of CPF was weaker than of E2 in the same concentration. Moreover, CPF altered the expression pattern of estrogen-responsive gene VTG and ERα in zebrafish embryos. When exposed to CPF at various concentrations (0, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00mg/L) for 48h during the embryo stage, compared with controls, the hatching rate of treated groups significantly increased at the same time and the hatching rate of embryos was proportional to CPF concentration. The mRNA expression levels of c-myc, cyclin D1, Bax and Bcl-2, which are closely related to cell proliferation and cell apoptosis, were disturbed by CPF in zebrafish embryos after exposure treated for 48h. In addition, acridine orange (AO) staining of zebrafish embryos showed that cell apoptosis was appeared in the 0.75, 1.00mg/L CPF treated groups. Taken together, the results obtained in the present study indicated that chlorpyrifos is estrogenic and alters embryonic hatching, cell proliferation and apoptosis in zebrafish.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Kaimin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Guochao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Jiayu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China. Electronic address: yanyanchun@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Yanchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology*; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D004390:Chlorpyrifos
keywords: Apoptosis; Cell proliferation; Chlorpyrifos; Embryonic hatching; Zebrafish