title: The evolution of structured illumination microscopy in studies of HIV.
abstract: The resolution limit of conventional light microscopy has proven to be limiting for many biological structures such as viruses including Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Individual HIV virions are impossible to study using confocal microscopy as they are well below the 200 nm resolution limit of conventional light microscopes. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) allows a twofold enhancement in image resolution compared to standard widefield illumination and so provides an excellent tool for study of HIV. Viral capsids (CAs) vary between 110 and 146 nm so this study challenges the performance of SIM microscopes. SIM microscopy was first developed in 2000, commercialised in 2007 and rapidly developed. Here we present the changes in capabilities of the SIM microscopes for study of HIV localisation as the instrumentation for structured illumination microscopy has evolved over the past 8 years.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marno
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Al'Zoubi
authors.affiliation: Advanced Imaging Resource, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Super-Resolution Imaging Consortium, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.affiliation: OMX Facility, College of Life Sciences Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Posch
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Áine
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: McKnight
authors.affiliation: Advanced Imaging Resource, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Super-Resolution Imaging Consortium, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ann P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Wheeler
mesh_terms: D006678:HIV / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus; Structured illumination; Super-resolution imaging