title: Cardiac nonmyocytes in the hub of cardiac hypertrophy.
abstract: Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by complex multicellular alterations, such as cardiomyocyte growth, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation. The heart consists of myocytes and nonmyocytes, such as fibroblasts, vascular cells, and blood cells, and these cells communicate with each other directly or indirectly via a variety of autocrine or paracrine mediators. Accumulating evidence has suggested that nonmyocytes actively participate in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. In this review, recent progress in our understanding of the importance of nonmyocytes as a hub for induction of cardiac hypertrophy is summarized with an emphasis of the contribution of noncontact communication mediated by diffusible factors between cardiomyocytes and nonmyocytes in the heart.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.K., H.A., I.K.); and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (H.A., I.K.).
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamo
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.K., H.A., I.K.); and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (H.A., I.K.).
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akazawa
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.K., H.A., I.K.); and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (H.A., I.K.).
authors.forename: Issei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Komuro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019898:Autocrine Communication; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000473:pathology*; D019070:Cell Lineage; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000502:physiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides / Q000502:physiology; D019899:Paracrine Communication
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides
keywords: angiogenesis factor; cardiac myocytes; endothelial cells; fibroblasts; macrophages