title: Seroepidemiology of Q fever in one-humped camel population in northeast Iran.
abstract: Coxiella burnetii, an obligate intracellular bacterium, is the causative agent of important zoonotic Q fever. It is the etiological agent of coxiellosis or Q fever in animals and human. This seroepidemiological survey was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of coxiellosis in increasingly camel raised population in vast area of Khorasan (North, South, and Razavi) provinces, northeast Iran. Using cluster random sampling strategy, 167 camels in 11 counties were selected as serum samples. Sera were assayed for antibody against C. burnetii using a Q fever ELISA kit. Logistic regression model was used to insight the contributing risk factor(s) of Q fever in the study area. C. burnetii was widely distributed throughout the study area. Seroprevalence of C. burnetii at animal level was 28.7 % [(95 % confidence interval (CI): 21.83, 35.56)] for camel populations. The proportion of seropositivity for camels in the studied counties ranged from 0 to 63.6 %. Logistic regression model showed that age correlated with seroprevalence of coxiellosis at the individual level in camels (P < 0.05). This study showed that a relatively high proportion of camels are seropositive to C. burnetii. Considering the economic, zoonotic, and public health importance of Q fever, percussion measures are to be implemented to prevent spreading of C. burnetii and zeroing the risk of Q fever in farm animals and human in this agro-ecologically and geopolitically important region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Janati Pirouz
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. gmohamad@um.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Jalil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mehrzad
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azizzadeh
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Organization, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nazem Shirazi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D002162:Camelus; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011778:Q Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial
keywords: Camel; Coxiellosis; NE Iran; Public health; Q fever; Seroepidemiology; Zoonosis