title: SILENT DELTOID ATROPHY IN BEACH VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS: A REPORT OF TWO CASES AND LITERATURE REVIEW.
abstract: While examining the shoulders of 91 professional and semi-professional beach volleyball players, the authors observed two cases of grave atrophy of the deltoid muscle following painless axillary neuropathy, not resulting from any trauma. The causes, the clinical history and the untreated history of the entrapment of the axillary nerve in the quadrilateral space in sportsmen, are discussed on the basis of the presentation of the two cases illustrated and from existing literature.
  
  
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authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Monteleone
authors.affiliation: S.I.U.M.B. - Italian Society for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gismant
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Unit, Dell'Angelo Hospital, Mestre (Ve), Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stevanato
authors.affiliation: School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiloca
keywords: axillary nerve entrapment; quadrilateral space syndrome; sport related axillary neuropathy