title: Associations between Dietary Antioxidant Intake and Metabolic Syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary antioxidant intake (carotenoid, vitamin C, E and selenium) intake and metabolic syndrome (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study included 2069 subjects undergoing a regular health checkup. Biochemical test results and data on dietary intakes were collected for analysis. Adjustment for energy intake and multi-variable logistic regression were performed to determine adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the relationship between dietary antioxidants intake and MS. The lowest quartile of antioxidant intake was regarded as the reference category.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dietary vitamin C intake (P values for trend were 0.02 in energy adjusted analysis and 0.08 in multivariable adjusted analysis) had a negative association with MS, as did selenium intake in the second quartile (energy adjusted OR: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.43 to 0.85; multivariable adjusted OR: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.43 to 0.86). However, there was no significant relationship between dietary carotenoid and vitamin E intake and MS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects with low intake of vitamin C might be predisposed to development of MS, while dietary selenium intake had a moderate negative association with MS. Dietary carotenoid and vitamin E intake was not associated with MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China, 410008.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China, 410008.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China, 410008.
authors.forename: Qian-yi
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China, 410008.
authors.forename: Xiao-xiao
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China, 410008.
authors.forename: Guang-hua
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China, 410008.
authors.forename: Tu-bao
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D002338:Carotenoids; D012643:Selenium; D001205:Ascorbic Acid