title: Baccaurea angulata fruit inhibits lipid peroxidation and induces the increase in antioxidant enzyme activities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The consequence of the increased demand due to the population expansion has put tremendous pressure on the natural supply of fruits. Hence, there is an unprecedented growing interest in the exploration of the potentials of underutilized fruits as alternatives to the commercially available fruits. Baccaurea angulata is an underutilized fruit widely distributed in Borneo Island of Malaysia. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of B. angulata whole fruit (WF), skin (SK) and pulp (PL) juices on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and antioxidant enzymes in rabbits fed high-cholesterol diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six male rabbits of New Zealand strain were randomly assigned to six groups. Rabbits were fed either a standard pellet (group NC) or a high-cholesterol diet (groups HC, PC, WF, SK and PL). Groups WF, SK and PL were also given 1 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF, SK and PL juices, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baccaurea angulata had high antioxidant activities. The administration of the various juices significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the concentration of induced plasma MDA. The decrease in the SOD, GPx, CAT and TAC levels caused by cholesterol feeding was also ameliorated with B. angulata.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that B. angulata fruit is beneficial in positively influencing and managing oxidative damage.
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Maryam Abimbola
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mikail
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Idris Adewale
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia. abumaisarah@iium.edu.my.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Norazlanshah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hazali
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Syaiful Bahari
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Abdul Rasad
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Radiah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abdul Ghani
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ridzwan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hashim
authors.affiliation: Integrated Centre for Research Animal Care and Use (ICRACU), International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ridhwan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abdul Wahab
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Solachuddin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jahuari Arief
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Muhammad Lokman
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Md Isa
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Samsul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Draman
authors.affiliation: Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), 93050, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Noor
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Adros Yahya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000032:analysis*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D011817:Rabbits; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D064028:Tracheophyta / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002784:Cholesterol; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Baccaurea angulata; Malondialdehyde; Underutilized fruit