title: Primitive neuro-ectodermal tumour of kidney in adult: Report of four consecutive cases and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  PNET of kidney is a rare entity and its diagnosis is complicated by the presence of a number of differential diagnoses. The disease is most commonly seen in young adults. Radical nephrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard treatment. However, the patients have a modest survival and often develop distant metastasis. We herein report four cases of renal PNET (rPNET).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively retrieved treatment chart of four cases of rPNET.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median age was 29 years. Radical nephrectomy was performed in three cases. All four cases received multiagent chemotherapy. VAC alternating with IE was the commonest regimen. Compliance and tolerance to treatment was excellent. At the last follow up two patients were in complete remission whereas the remaining two cases had systemic metastasis and alive with disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multimodality approach is required in rPNET. Patient with localized disease appears to have better disease control and survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Prashanth
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giridhar
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: drsupriyamallick@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Supriya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mallick
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.lastname: Damodara Kumaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaushal
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Pramod Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Julka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D018242:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D019233:Retreatment; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adjuvant; Chemotherapy; Kidney; Primitive neuro-ectodermal tumour