title: Evaluation of the use of Olivella minuta (Gastropoda, Olividae) and Hastula cinerea (Gastropoda, Terebridae) as TBT sentinels for sandy coastal habitats.
abstract: Tributyltin (TBT) contamination is still recorded in the environment even after its ban in antifouling paints. Since most biomonitors of TBT contamination, through imposex evaluation, are hard-bottom gastropods, the identification of soft-bottom sentinels has become useful for regions where rocky shores and coral reefs are absent. Thus, an evaluation of Olivella minuta and Hastula cinerea as monitors of TBT contamination was performed in two sandy beaches located under influence area of São Sebastião harbor (São Paulo state, Brazil), where previous and simultaneous studies have reported environmental contamination by TBT. In addition, the imposex occurrence in H. cinerea was assessed in an area with low marine traffic (Una beach), also located in São Paulo State. A moderate imposex incidence in O. minuta was detected in Pernambuco (% I = 9.36, RPLI = 4.49 and RPLIstand = 4.27) and Barequeçaba (% I = 2.42, RPLI = 0.36 and RPLIstand = 0.81) beaches, indicating TBT contamination. In contrast, more severe levels of imposex were recorded for H. cinerea in Una beach (% I = 12.45) and mainly in Barequeçaba beach (% I = 98.92, RPLI = 26.65). Our results suggest that O. minuta and H. cinerea have good potential as biomonitors for TBT based on their wide geographical distribution, common occurrence in different coastal sediment habitats, easy collection, and association with TBT-contaminated sediments.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Faculdade de Oceanografia, Instituto de Geociências (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, Guamá, Belém, Pará, Brazil, CEP 66075-110.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petracco
authors.forename: Rita Monteiro
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: Thayana Amorim
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Berenguel
authors.forename: Noelle C L Patrício
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: de Arruda
authors.forename: Lygia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: del Matto
authors.forename: Lílian Lund
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Amado
authors.forename: Thais Navajas
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Corbisier
authors.forename: Ítalo Braga
authors.initials: ÍB
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D049851:Gastropoda; D005836:Genitalia, Female / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010150:Paint; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds; C011559:tributyltin