title: [Establishment of CoCl2 induced hypoxic cell model of oral squamous cell carcinoma and a preliminary study on the biological behaviour change].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To mimic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell hypoxia by using chemical agent CoCl2 and to investigate its biological behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines HSC-3 and SCC-4 were exposed to different concentration of CoCl2. HSC-3 and SCC-4 cells were treated with 50, 100, 150, 200 µmol/L CoCl2. Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) were measured by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting in both mRNA and protein level. Cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected to analyze its biological behaviour. Both wound healing and Transwell assay were applied to test the ability of cell igration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The result showed that after treatment of 150 µmol/L CoCl2 for 24 h, mRNA level of HIF-1α, VEGF and Bcl-2 was increased by 6.00 ± 0.20, 5.40 ± 0.40, 5.40 ± 0.30 (SCC-4); 5.60 ± 0.30, 5.20 ± 0.60, 5.80 ± 0.40(HSC-3). OSCC cells treated with 150 µmol/L CoCl2 for 24 h were collected. Compared with control group, the growth rate of cells was significantly decreased, P value was less than 0.05 (when HSC-3, SCC-4 cultured for 2 and 3 days). The apoptosis of OSCC cells was increased when treated with 150 µmol/L CoCl2 for 24 h:HSC-3 2.25% (control group) and 5.82% (treatment group); SCC-4 2.58% (control group) and 10.27% (treatment group). The migration ablility of OSCC cells was decreased when using 150 µmol/L CoCl2 for 24 h. The migration area ratio was (31.5 ± 2.3) % (HSC-3), (29.1 ± 1.5) % (SCC-4) in control group and (18.3 ± 1.9) % (HSC-3), (13.2 ± 0.8)% (SCC-4) in treatment group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hypoxic cell model of OSCC could be induced by CoCl2. The expression level of hypoxic markers was up regulated significantly and the cells biological behaviour changed including decreased cell proliferation, increased apoptosis and decreased migration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Shengwei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Email: qghu@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qingang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003035:Cobalt; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D003035:Cobalt; C018021:cobaltous chloride