title: Vertebroplasty for vertebral hemangioma in children: a report of two cases with 2-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe two cases of a dorsal vertebral hemangioma diagnosed in a 12- and 14-year-old child successfully treated with vertebroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two cases of aggressive vertebral hemangiomas were diagnosed and treated in two independent institutions. Percutaneous vertebroplasty was then decided. Bipedicular vertebroplasty was performed under general anesthesia, under biplanar fluoroscopic guidance. The injection of acrylic cement filled the entire vertebral body without significant leakage. At last follow-up, the clinical and radiographic outcome was very good. In one patient, last control radiographs showed a gap between the end plates and the cement, spinal growth seemed to have resumed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vertebral hemangioma is rare in pediatric patients, and its diagnosis requires meticulous and regular clinical examinations and a combination of imaging studies, particularly an MRI and a CT scan, which can assess the aggressiveness of the lesion. Vertebroplasty seems to be an effective and safe treatment of this benign tumor in children with stable outcome at 2-year follow-up. Spinal growth may resume despite the aggressiveness of both the tumor and the treatment.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopedic Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Majed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Issa
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopedic Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopedic Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Violas
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopedic Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Griffet
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopedic Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France. aurelien.courvoisier@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aurélien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Courvoisier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed; D054854:Vertebroplasty / Q000379:methods*; D014965:X-Rays
keywords: Children; Percutaneous injection; Vertebral hemangioma; Vertebroplasty