title: m-Health adoption by healthcare professionals: a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize current knowledge of the factors influencing healthcare professional adoption of mobile health (m-health) applications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Covering a period from 2000 to 2014, we conducted a systematic literature search on four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychInfo). We also consulted references from included studies. We included studies if they reported the perceptions of healthcare professionals regarding barriers and facilitators to m-health utilization, if they were published in English, Spanish, or French and if they presented an empirical study design (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods). Two authors independently assessed study quality and performed content analysis using a validated extraction grid with pre-established categorization of barriers and facilitators.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The search strategy led to a total of 4223 potentially relevant papers, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. Main perceived adoption factors to m-health at the individual, organizational, and contextual levels were the following: perceived usefulness and ease of use, design and technical concerns, cost, time, privacy and security issues, familiarity with the technology, risk-benefit assessment, and interaction with others (colleagues, patients, and management).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This systematic review provides a set of key elements making it possible to understand the challenges and opportunities for m-health utilization by healthcare providers.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada Public Health and Practice-Changing Research, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec City, Canada marie-pierre.gagnon@fsi.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada Public Health and Practice-Changing Research, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec City, Canada.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ngangue
authors.affiliation: Public Health and Practice-Changing Research, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec City, Canada.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Payne-Gagnon
authors.affiliation: Public Health and Practice-Changing Research, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec City, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Desmartis
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D006282:Health Personnel; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: adoption; healthcare provider; m-health; mixed methods; systematic review