title: The stiff shoulder; A case study.
abstract: Clinicians working in outpatient departments and advanced practitioner clinics frequently encounter patients presenting with multidirectional stiffness of the glenohumeral joint. This case report describes the assessment and treatment of a patient presenting with glenohumeral joint stiffness and describes the possible differential diagnoses. The evidence base used to inform the decision-making process is presented and the use of radiology that helped to ultimately establish the diagnosis is discussed. The clinical reasoning process of applying knowledge and experience to identify patient problems and to make appropriate decisions that result in positive patient outcomes is discussed. The case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Southlands Hospital, Upper Shoreham Rd, Shoreham-by-Sea, West Sussex BN43 6TQ, UK. Electronic address: Kevin.Hall@wsht.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: Worthing Hospital, Lyndhurst Rd, Worthing, West Sussex BN11 2DH, UK. Electronic address: Christopher.mercer@wsht.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mercer
mesh_terms: D002062:Bursitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000066491:Clinical Decision-Making; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018216:Osteochondromatosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
keywords: Frozen shoulder; Glenohumeral; Osteoarthritis; Osteonecrosis