title: Total, free, and complexed prostate-specific antigen levels among US men, 2007-2010.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Screening for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is common. Prostate cancer has been associated with higher total PSA (tPSA), lower free PSA (fPSA), lower percent free PSA (%fPSA), and higher complexed PSA (cPSA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Total, free and complexed PSAs were performed on 3251 men ≥40years in the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Distributions of the PSA tests were examined by age, race and ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI) groups. Percentages of men at PSA thresholds were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total PSA geometric mean was 0.96μg/l among men aged ≥40years and increased from 0.74μg/l for men 40-49years, to 1.82μg/l for men 80years and older. Non-Hispanic Whites had lower age-adjusted mean tPSA (1.03μg/l) and cPSA (0.56μg/l) than non-Hispanic Blacks (tPSA 1.25μg/l and cPSA 0.72μg/l). Obese men had lower age-adjusted mean total, free and complexed PSAs (0.94, 0.27, and 0.51μg/l, respectively) than men with normal BMI (tPSA 1.21, fPSA 0.32, and cPSA 0.68μg/l, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total, free and complexed PSAs increased with age; tPSA and cPSAs were highest in non-Hispanic Blacks; and total, free, and complexed PSAs were lowest in obese men.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3311 Toledo Rd., Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA. Electronic address: dol2@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lacher
authors.affiliation: National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3311 Toledo Rd., Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffery P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hughes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D044469:Racial Groups; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
keywords: National health survey; Prostate cancer; Prostate-specific antigen