title: Variability in first Homo: Analysis of the ratio between the skulls KNM-ER 1470 and KNM-ER 1813 based on sexual dimorphism of Homo sapiens.
abstract: The study of the skulls KNM-ER 1470 and KNM-ER 1813, considered the first members of the genus Homo, has raised some debates. While some of researchers maintain that there is only one species, another group argues that there are two species. On one hand these two fossils are still taxonomically undetermined, on the other hand they bring up another problem related to the existence of a genus with multiple species since its beginning, according to the last discoveries. In this paper, we have compared the size ratio between these fossils with ratios established in populations of Homo sapiens, in order to know if they fit into the human standard, considering intra-sexual and inter-sexual variation. Results help to establish whether these fossils correspond to different species or their differences could be related to sexual dimorphism within a single species.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil; Instituto Terra e Memória, largo Infante Dom Henrique, Museu de Arte Pré-histórica, 6120-721 Mação, Portugal. Electronic address: santiago.wolnei@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S W Ferreira
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Área de Prehistoria, Facultat de Lletres, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Catalunya, 35, E-43002 Tarragona, Spain; Institut de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social, Excorxador s/n, E-43005 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lorenzo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005580:Fossils / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D015186:Hominidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013045:Species Specificity