title: A secure online image trading system for untrusted cloud environments.
abstract: In conventional image trading systems, images are usually stored unprotected on a server, rendering them vulnerable to untrusted server providers and malicious intruders. This paper proposes a conceptual image trading framework that enables secure storage and retrieval over Internet services. The process involves three parties: an image publisher, a server provider, and an image buyer. The aim is to facilitate secure storage and retrieval of original images for commercial transactions, while preventing untrusted server providers and unauthorized users from gaining access to true contents. The framework exploits the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients and the moment invariants of images. Original images are visually protected in the DCT domain, and stored on a repository server. Small representation of the original images, called thumbnails, are generated and made publicly accessible for browsing. When a buyer is interested in a thumbnail, he/she sends a query to retrieve the visually protected image. The thumbnails and protected images are matched using the DC component of the DCT coefficients and the moment invariant feature. After the matching process, the server returns the corresponding protected image to the buyer. However, the image remains visually protected unless a key is granted. Our target application is the online market, where publishers sell their stock images over the Internet using public cloud servers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Jalan Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, 23111 Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Khairul
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Munadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Jalan Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, 23111 Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Fitri
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arnia
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Jalan Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, 23111 Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Mohd
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Syaryadhi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 6-6 Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-0065 Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujiyoshi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 6-6 Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-0065 Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiya
keywords: DCT; Image matching; Image scrambling; Image trading; JPEG; Secure storage