title: Recent Development in Pulmonary Valve Replacement after Tetralogy of Fallot Repair: The Emergence of Hybrid Approaches.
abstract: An increasing number of patients with tetralogy of Fallot require repeat surgical intervention for pulmonary valve replacement secondary to pulmonary regurgitation. Catheter-based interventions have emerged as an attractive alternative to surgery in this patient population but it is limited by patient size or the anatomy of the right ventricular outflow tract. Hybrid approaches involving both cardiac interventionists and surgeons are being developed to overcome these limitations. The purpose of this review is to highlight the recent advances in the hybrid field of pulmonary valve replacement, summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of the "traditional" surgical and the new catheter-based techniques and discuss the direction future research should take to determine the optimal management for individual patients.
authors.affiliation: Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suleiman
authors.affiliation: Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Clifford J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kavinsky
authors.affiliation: Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skerritt
authors.affiliation: Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.affiliation: Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL , USA.
authors.forename: Michael N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Ilbawi
authors.affiliation: Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL , USA ; Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK ; Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caputo
keywords: cardiac surgery; congenital heart disease; hybrid intervention; pulmonary valve insufficiency; tetralogy of fallot