title: Adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis.
abstract: Viral conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus is the most common infectious conjunctivitis. Adenoviruses are highly contagious pathogens. The modes of transmission are mainly through hand to eye contact, ocular secretions, respiratory droplets, and contact with ophthalmic care providers and their medical instruments. The most frequent manifestation of ocular adenoviral infection is epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, followed by pharyngoconjunctival fever. Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis is also the most severe form and presents with watery discharge, hyperemia, cheosis, and ipsilateral lymphadenopathy. Pharyngoconjunctival fever is characterized by abrupt onset of high fever, pharyngitis, bilateral conjunctivitis, and periauricular lymph node enlargement. Isolated follicular conjunctivitis without corneal or systemic involvement also occurs. The rate of clinical accuracy in diagnosing viral conjunctivitis is less than 50%. Rapid diagnostic tests now being used decrease unnecessary antibiotic use. Treatment for viral conjunctivitis is mostly supportive. The majority of cases are self-limited, and no treatment is necessary in uncomplicated cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Ophthalmology, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jhanji
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Ophthalmology, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Tommy C Y
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Ophthalmology, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Emmy Y M
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Commonwealth Medical College, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Kanika
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Vision Eye Institute, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, North West Academic Centre, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: rvajpayee@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rasik B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Vajpayee
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission; D003236:Conjunctivitis, Viral / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans
keywords: adenoviral conjunctivitis; complications; conjunctivitis; diagnosis; prevention; treatment