title: Prevalence study on carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Czech hospitals--results from Czech Part of European Survey on Carbapenemase--Producing Enterobacteriaceae (EuSCAPE).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One of the most important threats of current medicine is the spread of multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria. We report here data from a six-month prevalence study on carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli performed in Czech hospitals participating on European Survey on Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae (EuSCAPE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten hospitals covering all regions of the Czech Republic were selected. During the study period (1st November 2013 to 30th April 2014), first ten carbapenem non-susceptible isolates of K. pneumoniae or E. coli isolated from non-surveillance specimens (i.e., blood, lower respiratory tract secretions, urine, puncture fluids, and wound secretions) of single successive patients were collected. Successive carbapenem-susceptible isolates of the same species were also preserved as controls. Susceptibility to 15 antibiotics was determined using EUCAST recommendations. Carbapenemase activity was detected by MALDI-TOF MS meropenem hydrolysis assay. Positive isolates were subjected for molecular typing (multi-locus sequence typing, identification of carbapenemase gene).
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, thirty non-susceptible isolates (K. pneumoniae n=28, E. coli n=2) were identified in 5 hospitals. Only two of them were confirmed to be carbapenemase producers. A NDM-1-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 was recovered from a patient, transferred from Ukraine, being injured during a Maidan revolution. The second isolate, an OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae, belonging to ST101, was recovered from a patient admitted to a hospital for an ischemic stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study again confirmed that the Czech Republic still belongs to the countries with low prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). Cases of CPE are usually restricted to an import from high-prevalence countries or countries with unknown epidemiological situation.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hrabák
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Študentová
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jakubů
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Adámková
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dvořáková
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balejova
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bergerová
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chmelařová
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ježek
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kabelíková
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolář
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paterová
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tejkalová
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Papagiannitsis
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Žemličková
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000494:pharmacology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018153:Czech Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005843:Geography; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D015995:Prevalence; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014455:Ukraine; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015780:Carbapenems; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase
keywords: carbapenemase - CPE - MALDI-TOF - susceptibility - resistance - Enterobacteriaceae.