title: Nanostructured fuzz growth on tungsten under low-energy and high-flux He irradiation.
abstract: We report the formation of wave-like structures and nanostructured fuzzes in the polycrystalline tungsten (W) irradiated with high-flux and low-energy helium (He) ions. From conductive atomic force microscope measurements, we have simultaneously obtained the surface topography and current emission images of the irradiated W materials. Our measurements show that He-enriched and nanostructured strips are formed in W crystal grains when they are exposed to low-energy and high-flux He ions at a temperature of 1400 K. The experimental measurements are confirmed by theoretical calculations, where He atoms in W crystal grains are found to cluster in a close-packed arrangement between {101} planes and form He-enriched strips. The formations of wave-like structures and nanostructured fuzzes on the W surface can be attributed to the surface sputtering and swelling of He-enriched strips, respectively.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weiyuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: 1] School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, People's Republic of China [2] Fujian Key Laboratory for Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Aeronautics, School of Physics and Mechanical &Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dongping
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Media Technology, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Deggendorf 94469, Germany.
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benstetter
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Younian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang