title: Effect of different soil washing solutions on bioavailability of residual arsenic in soils and soil properties.
abstract: The effect of soil washing used for arsenic (As)-contaminated soil remediation on soil properties and bioavailability of residual As in soil is receiving increasing attention due to increasing interest in conserving soil qualities after remediation. This study investigates the effect of different washing solutions on bioavailability of residual As in soils and soil properties after soil washing. Regardless of washing solutions, the sequential extraction revealed that the residual As concentrations and the amount of readily labile As in soils were reduced after soil washing. However, the bioassay tests showed that the washed soils exhibited ecotoxicological effects - lower seed germination, shoot growth, and enzyme activities - and this could largely be attributed to the acidic pH and/or excessive nutrient contents of the washed soils depending on washing solutions. Overall, this study showed that treated soils having lower levels of contaminants could still exhibit toxic effects due to changes in soil properties, which highly depended on washing solutions. This study also emphasizes that data on the As concentrations, the soil properties, and the ecotoxicological effects are necessary to properly manage the washed soils for reuses. The results of this study can, thus, be utilized to select proper post-treatment techniques for the washed soils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: dlawlsdn@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jinwoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: deliyg22@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kyung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81 Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-myeon, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 449-791, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ehjho@hufs.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Eun Hea
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Jho
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kpnam@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kyoungphile
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nam
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D001682:Biological Availability; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012996:Solutions; C024788:ammonium phosphate; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Arsenic; Bioavailability; Residual arsenic; Soil properties; Soil washing; Toxic effect