title: Laparoscopic microwave thermosphere ablation of malignant liver tumors: an initial clinical evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microwave ablation (MWA) has been recently recognized as a technology to overcome the limitations of radiofrequency ablation. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new 2.45-GHz thermosphere MWA system in the treatment of malignant liver tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective IRB-approved study of 18 patients with malignant liver tumors treated with MWA within a 3-month time period. Tumor sizes and response to MWA were obtained from triphasic liver CT scans done before and after MWA. The ablation zones were assessed for complete tumor response and spherical geometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were a total of 18 patients with an average of three tumors measuring 1.4 cm (range 0.2-4). Ablations were performed laparoscopically in all, but three patients who underwent combined liver resection. A single ablation was created in 72% and overlapping ablations in 28% of lesions. Total ablation time per patient was 15.6 ± 1.9 min. There was no morbidity or mortality. At 2-week CT scans, there was 100% tumor destruction, with no residual lesions. Roundness indices A, B and transverse were 1.1, 0.9 and 0.9, respectively, confirming the spherical nature of ablation zones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a new thermosphere MWA technology in the laparoscopic treatment of malignant liver tumors. The results demonstrate the safety of the technology, with satisfactory spherical ablation zones seen on post-procedural CT scans.
authors.affiliation: Departments of General and Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave/F20, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. berbere@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Eren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berber
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Laparoscopic; Liver tumor ablation; Malignant liver tumors; Microwave