title: Ginger and Zingerone Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Systemic Inflammation in Mice, Assessed by Nuclear Factor-κB Bioluminescent Imaging.
abstract: Ginger is a commonly used spice in cooking. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of ginger and its component zingerone in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute systemic inflammation in mice via nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) bioluminescent imaging. Ginger and zingerone significantly suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB activities in cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the maximal inhibition (84.5% ± 3.5% and 96.2% ± 0.6%) was observed at 100 μg/mL ginger and zingerone, respectively. Moreover, dietary ginger and zingerone significantly reduced LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in sera by 62.9% ± 18.2% and 81.3% ± 6.2%, respectively, and NF-κB bioluminescent signals in whole body by 26.9% ± 14.3% and 38.5% ± 6.2%, respectively. In addition, ginger and zingerone suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB-driven luminescent intensities in most organs, and the maximal inhibition by ginger and zingerone was observed in small intestine. Immunohistochemical staining further showed that ginger and zingerone decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-, CD11b-, and p65-positive areas in jejunum. In conclusion, our findings suggested that ginger and zingerone were likely to be broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory agents in most organs that suppressed the activation of NF-κB, the production of IL-1β, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells in mice.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Microbiology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hsiang
authors.affiliation: ‡School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hui-Man
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: §Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: ∥Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: ‡School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Chi
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: ⊥Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: §Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.|∇Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tin-Yun
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051598:Whole Body Imaging
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; C013738:zingerone; D006139:Guaiacol
keywords: bioluminescent imaging; ginger; inflammation; nuclear factor-κB; zingerone