title: DNA methylation as a dynamic regulator of development and disease processes: spotlight on the prostate.
abstract: Prostate development, benign hyperplasia and cancer involve androgen and growth factor signaling as well as stromal-epithelial interactions. We review how DNA methylation influences these and related processes in other organ systems such as how proliferation is restricted to specific cell populations during defined temporal windows, how androgens elicit their actions and how cells establish, maintain and remodel DNA methylation in a time and cell specific fashion. We also discuss mechanisms by which hormones and endocrine disrupting chemicals reprogram DNA methylation in the prostate and elsewhere and examine evidence for a reawakening of developmental epigenetic pathways as drivers of prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1656 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.affiliation: Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1656 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Chad M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Vezina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019175:DNA Methylation; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000235:genetics; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011467:Prostate / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
keywords: DNA methylation; benign prostate hyperplasia; epigenetics; lower urinary tract; prostate; prostate cancer