title: Direct Covalent Biomolecule Immobilization on Plasma-Nanotextured Chemically Stable Substrates.
abstract: A new method for direct covalent immobilization of protein molecules (including antibodies) on organic polymers with plasma-induced random micronanoscale topography and stable-in-time chemical functionality is presented. This is achieved using a short (1-5 min) plasma etching and simultaneous micronanotexturing process, followed by a fast thermal annealing step, which induces accelerated hydrophobic recovery while preserving important chemical functionality created by the plasma. Surface-bound biomolecules resist harsh washing with sodium dodecyl sulfate and other detergents even at elevated temperatures, losing less than 40% of the biomolecules bound even at the harshest washing conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary-ion mass spectrometry, and electron paramagnetic resonance are used to unveil the chemical modification of the plasma-treated and stabilized surfaces. The nanotextured and chemically stabilized surfaces are used as substrates for the development of immunochemical assays for the sensitive detection of C-reactive protein and salmonella lipopolysaccharides through immobilization of the respective analyte-specific antibodies onto them. Such substrates are stable for a period of 1 year with ambient storage.
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center For Scientific Research (NCSR) Demokritos, 15310 Agia Paraskevi, Greece.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsougeni
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Petrou
authors.affiliation: §M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Awsiuk
authors.affiliation: ∥Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Marzec
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center For Scientific Research (NCSR) Demokritos, 15310 Agia Paraskevi, Greece.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center For Scientific Research (NCSR) Demokritos, 15310 Agia Paraskevi, Greece.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrouleas
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center For Scientific Research (NCSR) Demokritos, 15310 Agia Paraskevi, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tserepi
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kakabakos
authors.affiliation: †Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center For Scientific Research (NCSR) Demokritos, 15310 Agia Paraskevi, Greece.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gogolides
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D058626:Plasma Gases
keywords: C-reactive protein; antibodies; covalent immobilization; plasma nanotexturing; salmonella lipopolysaccharides; stable-in-time desirable chemical functionality