title: Combination of fluconazole with silver nanoparticles produced by Fusarium oxysporum improves antifungal effect against planktonic cells and biofilm of drug-resistant Candida albicans.
abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively studied because of their anti-microbial potential. Here, we evaluated the effect of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPbio) alone and in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against planktonic cells and biofilms of FLC-resistant Candida albicans AgNPbio exhibited a fungicidal effect, with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and fungicidal concentration ranging from 2.17 to 4.35 μg/ml. The combination of AgNPbio and FLC reduced the MIC of FLC around 16 to 64 times against planktonic cells of allC. albicans There was no significant inhibitory effect of AgNPbio on biofilm cells. However, FLC combined with AgNPbio caused a significant dose-dependent decrease in the viability of both initial and mature biofilm. All concentrations of AgNPbio, alone or in combination with FLC, were not cytotoxic to mammalian cells.The results highlight the effectiveness of the combination of AgNPbio with FLC against FLC-resistant C. albicans.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil lionilmy@uel.br.
authors.forename: Carline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Longhi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil lionilmy@uel.br.
authors.forename: Jussevania Pereira
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil Programa Nacional de Pós Doutorado (PNPD), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre Tadachi
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscyla Daniely
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Marcato
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Durán
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Phileno
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pinge-Filho
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gerson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sueli Fumie
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yamada-Ogatta
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucy Megumi
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects*; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000378:metabolism*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010933:Plankton / Q000187:drug effects; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012834:Silver; D015725:Fluconazole
keywords: biological nanoparticles; fluconazole resistance; fungicidal effect