title: Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury: long-term follow-up of a subgroup of patients from the NICE-SUGAR study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect of intensive versus conventional blood glucose control in patients with traumatic brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a large international randomized trial patients were randomly assigned to a target blood glucose (BG) range of either 4.5-6.0 mmol/L (intensive control) or <10 mmol/L (conventional control). Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were identified at randomization and data were collected to examine the extended Glasgow outcome score (includes mortality) at 24 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 6104 randomized patients, 391 satisfied diagnostic criteria for TBI; 203 (51.9%) were assigned to intensive and 188 (48.1%) to conventional control; the primary outcome was available for 166 (81.8%) and 149 (79.3%) patients, respectively. The two groups had similar baseline characteristics. At 2 years 98 (58.7%) patients in the intensive group and 79 (53.0%) in the conventional group had a favorable neurological outcome (odds ratio [OR] 1.26, 95% CI 0.81-1.97; P = 0.3); 35 patients (20.9%) in the intensive group and 34 (22.8%) in the conventional group had died (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.53-1.53; P = 0.7); moderate hypoglycemia (BG 2.3-3.9 mmol/L; 41-70 mg/dL) occurred in 160/202 (79.2%) and 17/188 (9.0%), respectively (OR 38.3, 95% CI 21.0-70.1; P < 0.0001); severe hypoglycemia (BG ≤ 2.2 mmol/L; ≤40 mg/dL) in 10 (4.9%) and 0 (0.0%), respectively (OR 20.5 95% CI 1.2-351.6, P = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although patients with traumatic brain injury randomly assigned to intensive compared to conventional glucose control experienced moderate and severe hypoglycemia more frequently, we found no significant difference in clinically important outcomes.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Finfer
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chittock
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Vinay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dhingra
authors.forename: Rinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bellomo
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dodek
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hebert
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Daren
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heyland
authors.forename: Alisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McArthur
authors.forename: Imogen
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myburgh
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ronco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin