title: Effect of jenny milk addition on the inhibition of late blowing in semihard cheese.
abstract: The occurrence of late blowing defects in cheese produces negative effects on the quality and commercial value of the product. In this work, we verified whether the addition of raw jenny milk to bulk cow milk reduced the late blowing defects in semihard cheeses. During cheesemaking, different aliquots of jenny milk were poured into 2 groups of 4 vats, each containing a fixed amount of cow milk. A group of cheeses was created by deliberately contaminating the 4 vats with approximately 3 log10 cfu/mL milk of Clostridium tyrobutyricum CLST01. The other 4 vats, which were not contaminated, were used for a second group of cheeses. After 120 d of ripening, some physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters were evaluated on the obtained semihard cheeses. Differences in sensory properties among cheeses belonging to the uncontaminated group were evaluated by 80 regular consumers of cheese. Our results showed that the increasing addition of jenny milk to cow milk led to a reduction of pH and total bacterial count in both cheese groups, as well as C. tyrobutyricum spores that either grew naturally or artificially inoculated. We observed a progressive reduction of the occurrence of late blowing defects in cheese as consequence of the increasing addition of jenny milk during cheese making. Moreover, the addition of jenny milk did not affect the acceptability of the product, as consumers found no difference among cheeses concerning sensorial aspects. In conclusion, the important antimicrobial activity of lysozyme contained in jenny milk has been confirmed in the current research. It is recommend for use as a possible and viable alternative to egg lysozyme for controlling late blowing defects in cheese.
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy. Electronic address: carlo.cosentino@unibas.it.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cosentino
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paolino
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Valentini
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Musto
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ricciardi
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Adduci
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: D'Adamo
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pecora
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Freschi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D018397:Equidae; D005260:Female; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D009113:Muramidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009113:Muramidase
keywords: Clostridium tyrobutyricum; cheese late blowing; jenny milk; lysozyme