title: Effect of age and gender in the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness among a sample of the Saudi population.
abstract: The aim of this study is to assess whether the effect of gender on the excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is influenced by two confounders (age and hours of sleep per night). A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh (KAMC-R). A total of 2095 respondents answered a questionnaire that included questions regarding gender, age, hours of sleep per night, and daytime sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The prevalence of EDS was 20.5% (females 22.2%, males 19.5%, p-value=0.136). The EDS did not differ between genders, age groups, or hours of sleep per night (<6 vs. ⩾6h). However, stratified statistical analysis shows that the prevalence of EDS did differ according to gender (25.3% in females, 19.0% in males, p-value=0.036) in respondents with shorter hours of sleep per night. EDS was strongly related to female gender and young age (ages⩽29years) in respondents with short hours of sleep. This study reveals that one out of five of the general Saudi population has EDS. The effect of gender on EDS appeared to be influenced by hours of sleep per night. High EDS strongly related to female gender with short hours of sleep.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulhamid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fatani
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Rouqi
authors.affiliation: King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Al Towairky
authors.affiliation: King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Anwar E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Jahdali
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Yosra
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division-ICU, Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Shimemeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division-ICU, Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Harbi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division-ICU, Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baharoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division-ICU, Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division-ICU, Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: Jahdali@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hamdan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Al-Jahdali
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012890:Sleep; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Epworth Sleepiness Scale; Excessive daytime sleepiness; Hours of sleep per night; Saudi Arabia