title: The effects of high temperature on cardiovascular admissions in the most populous tropical city in Vietnam.
abstract: This study examined the short-term effects of temperature on cardiovascular hospital admissions (CHA) in the largest tropical city in Southern Vietnam. We applied Poisson time-series regression models with Distributed Lag Non-Linear Model (DLNM) to examine the temperature-CHA association while adjusting for seasonal and long-term trends, day of the week, holidays, and humidity. The threshold temperature and added effects of heat waves were also evaluated. The exposure-response curve of temperature-CHA reveals a J-shape relationship with a threshold temperature of 29.6 °C. The delayed effects temperature-CHA lasted for a week (0-5 days). The overall risk of CHA increased 12.9% (RR, 1.129; 95%CI, 0.972-1.311) during heatwave events, which were defined as temperature ≥ the 99th percentile for ≥2 consecutive days. The modification roles of gender and age were inconsistent and non-significant in this study. An additional prevention program that reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in relation to high temperatures should be developed.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Australia. Electronic address: d.phung@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Dung
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Phung
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Yuming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
authors.forename: Phong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thai
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Australia.
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rutherford
authors.affiliation: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia.
authors.forename: Minh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Health Environment Management Agency, Vietnam Ministry of Health, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Cuong Manh
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Do
authors.affiliation: Health Environment Management Agency, Vietnam Ministry of Health, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Nga Huy
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Queensland Government, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Noore
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Australia.
authors.forename: Cordia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002947:Cities; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014329:Tropical Climate; D014744:Vietnam
keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Ho Chi Minh City; Hospital admission; Temperature; Vietnam