title: Vascular Cambium Development.
abstract: Secondary phloem and xylem tissues are produced through the activity of vascular cambium, the cylindrical secondary meristem which arises among the primary plant tissues. Most dicotyledonous species undergo secondary development, among them Arabidopsis. Despite its small size and herbaceous nature, Arabidopsis displays prominent secondary growth in several organs, including the root, hypocotyl and shoot. Together with the vast genetic resources and molecular research methods available for it, this has made Arabidopsis a versatile and accessible model organism for studying cambial development and wood formation. In this review, we discuss and compare the development and function of the vascular cambium in the Arabidopsis root, hypocotyl, and shoot. We describe the current understanding of the molecular regulation of vascular cambium and compare it to the function of primary meristems. We conclude with a look at the future prospects of cambium research, including opportunities provided by phenotyping and modelling approaches, complemented by studies of natural variation and comparative genetic studies in perennial and woody plant species.
authors.affiliation: Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Green Technology, Vantaa 01301, Finland.
authors.forename: Kaisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nieminen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland. ; Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blomster
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland. ; Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland. ; The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK. ; Cardiff University Cardiff School of Biosciences, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.
authors.forename: Ykä
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Helariutta
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland. ; Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
authors.forename: Ari Pekka
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mähönen