title: Simultaneous Delivery of Highly Diverse Bioactive Compounds from Blend Electrospun Fibers for Skin Wound Healing.
abstract: Blend emulsion electrospinning is widely perceived to destroy the bioactivity of proteins, and a blend emulsion of water-soluble and nonsoluble molecules is believed to be thermodynamically unstable to electrospin smoothly. Here we demonstrate a method to retain the bioactivity of disparate fragile biomolecules when electrospun. Using bovine serum albumin as a carrier protein; water-soluble vitamin C, fat soluble vitamin D3, steroid hormone hydrocortisone, peptide hormone insulin, thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3), and peptide epidermal growth factor (EGF) were simultaneously blend-spun into PLGA-collagen nanofibers. Upon release, vitamin C maintained the ability to facilitate Type I collagen secretion by fibroblasts, EGF stimulated skin fibroblast proliferation, and insulin potentiated adipogenic differentiation. Transgenic cell reporter assays confirmed the bioactivity of vitamin D3, T3, and hydrocortisone. These factors concertedly increased keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation while maintaining keratinocyte basal state. This method presents an elegant solution to simultaneously deliver disparate bioactive biomolecules for wound healing applications.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA, #03-12, Singapore 117575, Singapore.|‡NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 27 Medical Drive, Level 4, Singapore 117510, Singapore.
authors.forename: Priscilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peh
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA, #03-12, Singapore 117575, Singapore.|‡NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 27 Medical Drive, Level 4, Singapore 117510, Singapore.
authors.forename: Natalie Sheng Jie
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA, #03-12, Singapore 117575, Singapore.|‡NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 27 Medical Drive, Level 4, Singapore 117510, Singapore.|§Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Biomedical Sciences Institute, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #02-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blocki
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA, #03-12, Singapore 117575, Singapore.|‡NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 27 Medical Drive, Level 4, Singapore 117510, Singapore.
authors.forename: Stella Min Ling
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.affiliation: ⊥Carl Zeiss Pte Ltd, Microscopy Business Group, 50 Kaki Bukit Place, #05-01, Singapore 415926, Singapore.
authors.forename: Heyjin Chris
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: #School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA, #03-12, Singapore 117575, Singapore.|¶Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119288, Singapore.
authors.forename: Casey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: †Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA, #03-12, Singapore 117575, Singapore.|‡NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 27 Medical Drive, Level 4, Singapore 117510, Singapore.|■Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Block MD 7, 8 Medical Drive, #02-06, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raghunath
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D019344:Lactic Acid; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D003094:Collagen; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D006854:Hydrocortisone