title: Kidney Transplantation Is Superior to Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis in Terms of Cognitive Function, Anxiety, and Depression Symptoms in Chronic Kidney Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression are important problems for patients with chronic kidney failure. Cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depression may be related to various factors, such as complications of hemo/peritoneal dialysis, uremic encephalopathy, psychosocial burden of the disease, and various comorbidities in patients with chronic kidney failure. Successful kidney transplantation (KT) improves kidney, endocrine, metabolic, and vascular systems, mental functions, and the quality of life of the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 181 patients with chronic kidney failure were studied: 54 currently on hemodialysis, 58 on peritoneal dialysis, and 69 with KT. All participants were given a detailed sociodemographic form, including data about the reason of kidney failure, duration of treatment (hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and KT), and comorbid illnesses. Participants were evaluated with the use of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for evaluating depressive and anxiety symptoms and the Brief Cognitive State Examination (BCSE) for detecting possible cognitive impairment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with KT had lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms than patients with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The KT group scored better than the hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis groups on the BCSE. The peritoneal dialysis group scored higher on the BCSE than the hemodialysis group. The hemodialysis group scored higher on the HADS than the peritoneal dialysis group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study it was found that KT patients have better cognitive and mood regulation outcomes than hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients with chronic kidney failure. With this knowledge we suggest that patients with kidney failure should have KT for having better cognitive functions and mood state as soon as possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address: dr_atakanyucel@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yucel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: U Z
authors.initials: UZ
authors.lastname: Avşar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cankaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yucel
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gözübüyük
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Eren
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keles
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aydınlı
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D006435:Renal Dialysis