title: Kinematic change of the meniscus and the tibiofemoral joint space in asymptomatic volunteers using a wide bore 3T closed MRI system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate kinematic changes in menisci and tibiofemoral joint spaces in extension and flexion using asymptomatic volunteers using a wide-bore 3-T closed MRI system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two knees from asymptomatic volunteers were examined in knee extension and flexion using a 3-T MRI (sagittal 2D FSE T2-weighted sequence and sagittal 3D isotropic FSE proton density-weighted cube sequence). The meniscal positions, meniscal floating and flounce were evaluated. The widths of the medial and lateral tibiofemoral joint spaces and coronal tibiofemoral angles were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the anteroposterior direction, meniscal extrusion was most frequently seen in the anterior horn of the medial menisci (100%) in extensions (maximum 6.04 mm). Most of the menisci moved significantly to the posterior side from extension to flexion. The anteroposterior meniscal movement was the greatest for the anterior horn of the medial meniscus and least for the posterior horn of the medial meniscus. In the mediolateral direction, meniscal extrusion was seen in 52% of the medial menisci in extensions (maximum 1.91 mm) and 29% of lateral menisci in flexions (maximum 2.36 mm). From the extension to flexion, all medial and lateral menisci moved significantly to the lateral side. Meniscal floating was frequently observed in the posterior horn of medial menisci in extension. Meniscal flounce was frequently seen in lateral menisci in flexion with a widened lateral tibiofemoral joint space gap. The coronal tibiofemoral angle showed medial wedging in flexion, but not in extension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wide-bore 3-T closed MRI revealed significant kinematic changes in the menisci and tibiofemoral joint spaces in asymptomatic volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Inha University Hospital, 27, Inhang-ro, Choong-gu, Incheon, 400-711, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yeo Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jang Gyu
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dae Hyung
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soon Gu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Ryuh Sup
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008592:Menisci, Tibial / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D055815:Young Adult