title: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Near-Infrared Fluorescent Indole-Based Squaraines.
abstract: A microwave-assisted method for the preparation of a wide color range of 2,3,3-trimethylindolenine-based squaraines and their intermediates is described. This practical approach allows the rapid preparation of both symmetrical and nonsymmetrical squaraine dyes, reducing reaction time from days to minutes with more than 2-fold improvement in product yields when compared to conventional methods.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barbero
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magistris
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Jinhyung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saccone
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quagliotto
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buscaino
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Medana
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barolo
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viscardi