title: In vitro effect of low-fluoride toothpastes containing sodium trimetaphosphate on enamel erosion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of a low-fluoride dentifrice (LFD) containing sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel erosion in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bovine enamel blocks (n=144) were selected by surface hardness (SH) and subjected to erosive challenges, in two sets of experiments for 2 and 5 days. Blocks were randomly assigned to groups treated with slurries (5mL/block, for 15s) of following dentifrices: Placebo (no fluoride or TMP); LFD (250ppm F); LFD plus 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0% TMP; and a commercial positive control (1,425ppm F). The erosive challenge was produced by immersion in a soft drink (pH 2.8) for 5min, four times/day, interspersed by immersion in artificial saliva for 1h. SH and surface wear were analyzed as response variables. Data were submitted to 2-way ANOVA, followed by Student-Newman-Keuls test (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All groups treated with LFDs containing TMP had significantly lower enamel wear when compared with the other groups tested (p<0.001). Also, the LFDs containing TPM at lower concentrations promoted SH similar to the commercial positive control, both being significantly higher than the LFD without TMP and Placebo (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The supplementation of LFDs with TMP is able to significantly increase the anti-erosive potential of these formulations in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: N V S
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pessan
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Manarelli
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M D B
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: adelbem@foa.unesp.br.
authors.forename: A C B
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Delbem
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006244:Hardness; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D011122:Polyphosphates; D014100:Toothpastes; C009293:trimetaphosphoric acid
keywords: Enamel; Erosion; Fluoride; Polyphosphates; Toothpaste