title: Gender-specific outcomes after balloon aortic valvuloplasty: Inhospital and long-term outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increasing numbers of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) are performed in the management of symptomatic aortic stenosis as bridge and therapeutic challenge in the work-up for transcatheter aortic valve replacement. However, the significance of gender in outcomes following BAV remains controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 664 consecutive patients who underwent BAV from January 2005 to December 2012. Patients were stratified according to gender. Clinical and procedural characteristics as well as in-hospital outcomes and 1-year mortality were collected. Cumulative survival curves for women and men were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method and were compared by the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the independent effect of sex on 1-year mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 664 patients, 333 (52%) were women. Women had lower body surface area, tended to be frailer and were less likely to have history of coronary artery disease. Women were more likely to present with heart failure whereas men presented more commonly with chest pain. In hospital death was significantly higher in women compared to men, mainly driven by the difference in cardiac death (8.1% vs 3.9%, P = .02 and 6.3% vs 2.6%, P = .02 respectively). One-year mortality rates were similar in women and men (25.4% vs 29.4%, P = .42) and after multivariate analysis gender had no association with 1-year mortality (HR = 0.9, P = .65).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant differences exist in baseline characteristics and presentation between genders. Although in hospital mortality after BAV was significantly higher in women, 1-year mortality was similar between women and men.
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Christodoulidis
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Annapoorna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kini
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: George D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Dangas
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Usman
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Baber
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Aquino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melissa
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Kleanthis
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Theodoropoulos
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Arjun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kovacic
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Electronic address: roxana.mehran@mountsinai.org.
authors.forename: Roxana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mehran
authors.affiliation: The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Samin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D063126:Balloon Valvuloplasty; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012737:Sex Factors; D065467:Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement; D016896:Treatment Outcome