title: Rice ragged stunt virus-induced apoptosis affects virus transmission from its insect vector, the brown planthopper to the rice plant.
abstract: Most plant viruses that seriously damage agricultural crops are transmitted by insects. However, the mechanisms enabling virus transmission by insect vectors are poorly understood. The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most serious rice pests, causing extensive damage to rice plants by sucking the phloem sap and transmitting viruses, including Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV). In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of RRSV transmission from its insect vector to the rice plant in vivo using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay and RNA interference technology. RRSV induced apoptosis in the salivary gland cells of its insect vector, N. lugens. The RRSV-induced apoptosis was regulated through a caspase-dependent manner, and inhibition of the expression of N. lugens caspase-1 genes significantly interfered with virus transmission. Our findings establish a link between virus-associated apoptosis and virus transmission from the insect vector to the host plant.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Jian
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Zhou
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University.
authors.forename: Jian-Xiang
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University.
authors.forename: Xue-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Chuan-Xi
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000821:virology; D052585:Phloem / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology; D010942:Plant Viruses / Q000472:pathogenicity; D034622:RNA Interference; D012087:Reoviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D020170:Caspase 1