title: Precision Therapy for Lung Cancer: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Beyond.
abstract: For patients with advanced cancers there has been a concerted effort to transition from a generic treatment paradigm to one based on tumor-specific biologic, and patient-specific clinical characteristics. This approach, known as precision therapy has been made possible owing to widespread availability and a reduction in the cost of cutting-edge technologies that are used to study the genomic, proteomic, and metabolic attributes of individual tumors. This review traces the evolution of precision therapy for lung cancer from the identification of molecular subsets of the disease to the development and approval of tyrosine kinase, as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors for lung cancer therapy. Challenges of the precision therapy era including the emergence of acquired resistance, identification of untargetable mutations, and the effect on clinical trial design are discussed. We conclude by highlighting newer applications for the concept of precision therapy.
authors.affiliation: Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.affiliation: Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Electronic address: david.schrump@nih.gov.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Schrump
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors
keywords: ALCHEMIST; MATCH trial; exceptional responders initiative; immune checkpoint inhibitors; non–small cell lung cancer; precision medicine