title: Upregulation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 Promotes Neuronal Apoptosis After Traumatic Brain Injury in Adult Rats.
abstract: The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family was first discovered as a set of transcriptional regulators of the type I interferon system in 1988. In mammals, the IRF family includes nine members that play important roles in the immune system, oncogenesis, and apoptosis. However, the distribution and the function of IRF6 in the central nervous system are limited. In this study, we established an adult rat traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. Compared to the sham brain cortex, Western blot and immunohistochemistry showed significant upregulation of IRF6 in the ipsilateral brain cortex after TBI. Immunofluorescence double-labeling showed that IRF6 completely co-localized with neurons, not astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, we detected that the neuronal apoptosis marker active caspase-3 co-localized with IRF6 in neurons. Additionally, IRF6 knockdown in PC12 cells in vitro resulted in a decrease in active caspase-3 expression and an increase in Bcl-2 and p-Akt expression. We conclude that IRF6 might promote neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting Akt phosphorylation after TBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.|Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuchang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.|Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dezhi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Surgical Comprehensive Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.|Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Animal Center, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.|Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.|Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Osteology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.|Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Navigation Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.|Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. prof_lxj@163.com.|Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. prof_lxj@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C000611389:IRF6 protein, rat; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: IRF6; Neuronal apoptosis; Rat; Traumatic brain injury