title: Hysteroscopic Resection in Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Atypical Hyperplasia and Endometrial Cancer: Safety and Efficacy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the rate of intrauterine adhesions after hysteroscopic resection of hyperplastic and/or cancer areas and the efficacy of combined treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients affected by endometrial atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium or early stage endometrial carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three patients, up to 45 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Conservative treatment based on hysteroscopic resection of hyperplastic and/or cancer areas and subsequent therapy with megestrol acetate 160 mg/day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 5% of endometrial cancers (ECs) are diagnosed in women younger than 40 years old, usually with a good prognosis. From 2010 to 2014, 23 patients, up to age 45 years, who were affected by endometrial cancer (EC) grade 1 or atypical complex hyperplasia (ACH) and who wished to preserve fertility, underwent conservative treatment based on hysteroscopic resection of the hyperplastic and/or cancer areas and subsequent therapy with megestrol acetate 160 mg/day. Data with regard to age, body mass index, symptoms, history of infertility, and previous assisted reproductive technologies attempts, obstetrics history, previous diagnosis of intrauterine sinechiae, hysteroscopic findings, duration of therapy, follow-up reports, and reproductive outcomes were collected and analyzed. Of the 23 patients enrolled in the study, 3 patients (13%) presented with an endometrioid EC grade 1, and 20 patients (87%) had ACH. Twelve patients (52.2%) had complete remission after 3 months of progestin therapy, 9 patients (39.1%) had a complete remission after 6 months, and 2 (8.7%) patients had remission after 9 months. Six patients underwent a second hysteroscopic resection. The 3 patients with an initial diagnosis of EC had complete remission after a mean of 4 months of high-dose progestin therapy; in patients with ACH, remission occurred after a mean of 3 months. In all patients, intrauterine adhesions were not detected at any follow-up diagnostic hysteroscopy. After a median follow-up time of 25 months (range 8-37), we registered 1 (4.3%) relapse of disease. A total of 7 pregnancies in 6 patients were counted, after an average time of 7.4 months (range 3-13 months) after the end of progestin therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hysteroscopic resection of hyperplastic and/or cancer areas before high dosage progestin therapy seems to be a safe and effective approach in the management of ACH and in patients with early EC who wish to preserve fertility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: demarzi.patrizia@hsr.it.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Marzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergamini
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luchini
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Micaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrone
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gian Luca
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Taccagni
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mangili
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Candiani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004714:Endometrial Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D059247:Fertility Preservation; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D019290:Megestrol Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D019290:Megestrol Acetate
keywords: Asherman syndrome; Atypical complex hyperplasia; Endometrial cancer; Fertility-sparing surgery; Intrauterine adhesions