title: Experimental evidence of genome-wide impact of ecological selection during early stages of speciation-with-gene-flow.
abstract: Theory predicts that speciation-with-gene-flow is more likely when the consequences of selection for population divergence transitions from mainly direct effects of selection acting on individual genes to a collective property of all selected genes in the genome. Thus, understanding the direct impacts of ecologically based selection, as well as the indirect effects due to correlations among loci, is critical to understanding speciation. Here, we measure the genome-wide impacts of host-associated selection between hawthorn and apple host races of Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae), a model for contemporary speciation-with-gene-flow. Allele frequency shifts of 32 455 SNPs induced in a selection experiment based on host phenology were genome wide and highly concordant with genetic divergence between co-occurring apple and hawthorn flies in nature. This striking genome-wide similarity between experimental and natural populations of R. pomonella underscores the importance of ecological selection at early stages of divergence and calls for further integration of studies of eco-evolutionary dynamics and genome divergence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.|Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.|Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
authors.forename: Scott P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Egan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.|Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.|Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ragland
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Assour
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.|Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas H Q
authors.initials: THQ
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
authors.forename: Glen R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Hood
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Emrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nosil
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.|Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.|Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Feder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D027825:Crataegus; D051456:Gene Flow; D005787:Gene Frequency; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D049750:Genome, Insect; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D027845:Malus; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012621:Seasons; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D061350:Sympatry; D013696:Temperature; D033621:Tephritidae / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Adaptation; Rhagoletis pomonella; experimental genomics; genomics of speciation; speciation-with-gene-flow