title: Effect of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism on affective temperament, depression and body mass index in obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Many studies show high prevalence of affective disorders in obese patients. Affective temperament is a subclinical manifestation of such conditions. The 5-HTT gene encoding the serotonin transporter may be involved in both mood and eating dysregulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene on affective temperament types, depressive symptoms and Body Mass Index (BMI) in obese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved 390 patients (237 females, and 153 males) with obesity. The TEMPS-A questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were used to evaluate affective temperaments and prevalence of depression. DNA was obtained for serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) genotyping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In obese patients S/S genotype was associated with depressive and L/L with cyclothymic temperament. Subjects with L/L genotype presented significantly higher BMI and greater intensity of depressive symptoms in BDI and HDRS. Females scored higher in anxious and depressive, while males in hyperthymic, cyclothymic and irritable temperaments. Females scored higher in BDI (subjective depression) while males in HDRS (objective depression).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TEMPS-A, BDI and HDRS are frequently used in studies on affective disorders. However, these methods do not examine all dimensions of mood and personality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In obese patients S allele of 5-HTTLPR was associated with development of depressive temperament while L allele corresponded with greater obesity and prevalence of depression. Different mechanisms may be involved in manifestation of depression in males and females with obesity.
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borkowska
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bieliński
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Szczęsny
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Electronic address: a.k.szwed@gmail.com.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szwed
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomaszewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Forsenic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kałwa
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lesiewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Junik
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gołębiewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sikora
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tretyn
authors.affiliation: International Mood Center, Paris, France; International Mood Center, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akiskal
authors.affiliation: International Mood Center, Paris, France; International Mood Center, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akiskal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003527:Cyclothymic Disorder / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007508:Irritable Mood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013694:Temperament; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D004247:DNA
keywords: Affective temperament; Depression; Obesity; Serotonin transporter