title: Conditional and Unconditional Tests (and Sample Size) Based on Multiple Comparisons for Stratified 2 × 2 Tables.
abstract: The Mantel-Haenszel test is the most frequent asymptotic test used for analyzing stratified 2 × 2 tables. Its exact alternative is the test of Birch, which has recently been reconsidered by Jung. Both tests have a conditional origin: Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test, respectively. But both tests have the same drawback that the result of global test (the stratified test) may not be compatible with the result of individual tests (the test for each stratum). In this paper, we propose to carry out the global test using a multiple comparisons method (MC method) which does not have this disadvantage. By refining the method (MCB method) an alternative to the Mantel-Haenszel and Birch tests may be obtained. The new MC and MCB methods have the advantage that they may be applied from an unconditional view, a methodology which until now has not been applied to this problem. We also propose some sample size calculation methods.
authors.affiliation: Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martín Andrés
authors.affiliation: Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Herranz Tejedor
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Álvarez Hernández
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D018401:Sample Size