title: Toward Ensuring Health Equity: Readability and Cultural Equivalence of OMERACT Patient-reported Outcome Measures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) 12 (2014) equity working group was to determine whether and how comprehensibility of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) should be assessed, to ensure suitability for people with low literacy and differing cultures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The English, Dutch, French, and Turkish Health Assessment Questionnaires and English and French Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life questionnaires were evaluated by applying 3 readability formulas: Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid grade level, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook; and a new tool, the Evaluative Linguistic Framework for Questionnaires, developed to assess text quality of questionnaires. We also considered a study assessing cross-cultural adaptation with/without back-translation and/or expert committee. The results of this preconference work were presented to the equity working group participants to gain their perspectives on the importance of comprehensibility and cross-cultural adaptation for PROM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one OMERACT delegates attended the equity session. Twenty-six participants agreed that PROM should be assessed for comprehensibility and for use of suitable methods (4 abstained, 1 no). Twenty-two participants agreed that cultural equivalency of PROM should be assessed and suitable methods used (7 abstained, 2 no). Special interest group participants identified challenges with cross-cultural adaptation including resources required, and suggested patient involvement for improving translation and adaptation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future work will include consensus exercises on what methods are required to ensure PROM are appropriate for people with low literacy and different cultures.
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petkovic
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Rachelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buchbinder
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rader
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lyddiatt
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clerehan
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Annelies
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boonen
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Niti
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Lara J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toupin-April
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Wit
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flurey
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jull
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barnabe
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Antoine G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Sreih
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Willemina
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Mehmet Tuncay
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Duruöz
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Jasvinder A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tugwell
authors.affiliation: From the Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Lorraine, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France; Cabrini Institute and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Bruyère Research Institute, and the Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Caphri Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Quintiles Inc.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine II Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Osteology, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, Schlosspark-Klinik, Teaching Hospital of the Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Marmara, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; University Health Network (UHN)-Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guillemin
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000328:Adult; D003245:Consensus Statements as Topic; D005260:Female; D000069576:Health Equity; D057220:Health Literacy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D057566:Self Report
keywords: CULTURAL ADAPTATION; HEALTH EQUITY; LITERACY; MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS; RHEUMATOLOGY