title: [Detailed in utero ultrasound description of 34 cases of congenital cytomegalovirus infection].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe precisely prenatal ultrasound features in congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively evaluated the ultrasound descriptions of cases of congenital CMV infection between 2004 and 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 74 congenital CMV infections, related ultrasound abnormalities were reported in 34 cases (45.9%). Abnormalities reported were either cerebral (11 cases), either extracerebral (6 cases), or associated (17 cases). A total of 22/34 cases presented extracerebral features of 11 different sorts of abnormalities, mainly intra-uterine growth retardation (11 cases) and hyperechogenic bowel (10 cases) and 26/34 cases presented cerebral features of 14 different sorts, mainly brain calcifications (12 cases) and occipital horn cavity (12 cases). MRI was performed in 25 cases and have found additional abnormalities in 8 cases. These abnormalities are not specific to CMV infection. However, a frequent finding attracted our attention: the anechogenic cavity located on the extremity of the occipital horn.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A potentially specific sign, inexistent in other fetal pathologies, is an anechogenic cavity located on the extremity of the occipital and/or temporal horn, a germinal region which contains numerous proliferating and differentiating germinal cells. A better understanding of these signs could increase the sensitivity of ultrasound, and clarify the pathophysiology of congenital CMV infection.
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Foch, 40, rue Worth, 92120 Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carrara
authors.affiliation: Service de radiologie, AP-HP, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, 92140 Clamart, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delaveaucoupet
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, AP-HP, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, 92140 Clamart, France.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Cordier
authors.affiliation: Service de microbiologie, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, Inserm U764, université Paris Sud, 92140 Clamart, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vauloup-Fellous
authors.affiliation: Service de microbiologie, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, Inserm U764, université Paris Sud, 92140 Clamart, France; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Inserm, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations, U1018, reproduction et développement de l'enfant, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Senat
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Foch, 40, rue Worth, 92120 Suresnes, France; EA2493, UFR des sciences de la santé Simone-Veil, université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ayoubi
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, AP-HP, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, 92140 Clamart, France; Service de microbiologie, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, Inserm U764, université Paris Sud, 92140 Clamart, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benachi
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Foch, 40, rue Worth, 92120 Suresnes, France; EA2493, UFR des sciences de la santé Simone-Veil, université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France. Electronic address: olivier.picone@hopital-foch.org.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Picone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D058535:Echogenic Bowel / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D009421:Nervous System Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Congenital infection; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomégalovirus; Diagnostic anténatal; Infection congénitale; Prenatal diagnosis; Ultrasound; Échographie