title: Realization of Multi-Stable Ground States in a Nematic Liquid Crystal by Surface and Electric Field Modification.
abstract: Owing to the significant price drop of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and the efforts to save natural resources, LCDs are even replacing paper to display static images such as price tags and advertising boards. Because of a growing market demand on such devices, the LCD that can be of numerous surface alignments of directors as its ground state, the so-called multi-stable LCD, comes into the limelight due to the great potential for low power consumption. However, the multi-stable LCD with industrial feasibility has not yet been successfully performed. In this paper, we propose a simple and novel configuration for the multi-stable LCD. We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that a battery of stable surface alignments can be achieved by the field-induced surface dragging effect on an aligning layer with a weak surface anchoring. The simplicity and stability of the proposed system suggest that it is suitable for the multi-stable LCDs to display static images with low power consumption and thus opens applications in various fields.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Seog
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gwag
authors.affiliation: Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, OH 44242, USA.
authors.forename: Young-Ki
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Samsung Electronics, LCD R&D Center, Yongin 446-811, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Hoon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim