title: Trends and Characteristics of Young Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in the United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the median age at diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is 70 years, a subset of patients with NSCLC present at a younger age (<40 years). Little is known about the time-trends in incidence of NSCLC in the young, their characteristics and outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database was used to extract NSCLC cases from 1978 to 2010. Yearly incidence rates in various age groups, race, site of disease, histology, treatment patterns, and outcomes were assessed. We modeled Kaplan-Meyer survival curves stratified by age of presentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Young patients represented 0.6% of incident NSCLC from 1978 to 2010. The incidence of young NSCLC declined significantly during this time-period. Young NSCLCs had a higher proportion of women (51%), Asians or Pacific Islanders (14%), adenocarcinoma histology (59%) and were more likely to present with distant metastases (68%). The young had better all cause and lung cancer-specific survival than the older patients (median survival for localized, regional, and distant disease: not reached, 28, 9 vs. 46, 17, 5 months; p < 0.001 for all groups). Male sex, non-adenocarcinoma histology, and main bronchial primary were independent negative prognostic factors among the young. In contrast to the overall population, black race was a poor prognostic factor among the young.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of NSCLC in the young decreased from 1978 to 2010. The clinical characteristics of NSCLC in the young, including demographic distribution, treatment, and outcomes are different from those observed in the older patients.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Anish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Yuanbin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Office of Surveillance and Biometrics, Devices and Radiological Health, Federal Drug Administration , Silver Spring, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Tinghui
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department for Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jakopovic
authors.affiliation: Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University , Washington DC , USA.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giaccone
keywords: SEER; disparities; non-small cell lung cancer; population-based studies; young