title: Clinical impact of (11)C-Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography carried out in addition to magnetic resonance imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography on the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical impact of addition of [(11)C]Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography ((11)C-PiB PET) on routine clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to assess diagnostic agreement between clinical criteria and research criteria of the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association.
  
  
  METHODS
  The diagnosis in 85 patients was made according to clinical criteria. Imaging examinations, including both magnetic resonance imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography to identify neuronal injury (NI), and (11)C-PiB PET to identify amyloid were performed, and all subjects were re-categorized according to the research criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 40 patients with probable AD dementia (ProAD), 37 were NI-positive, 29 were (11)C-PiB-positive, and 27 who were both NI- and (11C-PiB-positive were categorized as having 'ProAD dementia with a high level of evidence of the AD pathophysiological process'. Among 20 patients with possible AD dementia (PosAD), 17 were NI-positive, and six who were both NI- and (11)C-PiB-positive were categorized as having 'PosAD with evidence of the AD pathophysiological process'. Among 25 patients with MCI, 18 were NI-positive, 13 were (11)C-PiB-positive, and 10 who were both NI- and (11)C-PiB-positive were categorized as having 'MCI due to AD-high likelihood'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diagnostic concordance between clinical criteria and research criteria may not be high in this study. (11)C-PiB PET may be of value in making the diagnosis of dementia and MCI in cases with high diagnostic uncertainty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Omachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimiteru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kunimasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.affiliation: Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagome
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Motohashi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D013844:Thiazoles; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: C475519:2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole; D000682:Amyloid; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D013844:Thiazoles
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association; [11C]Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography; diagnosis; mild cognitive impairment