title: Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars in retail aquaculture products.
abstract: Aquaculture products can become sources of Salmonella by exposure to contaminated water or through processing practices, thus representing a public health hazard. A study was conducted on Salmonella contamination in aquaculture products sampled from marketplaces and retailers in Shanghai, China. A total of 730 samples (including fish, shellfish, bullfrog, clam, shrimp and others) were obtained from 2006 to 2011. Among them, 217 (29.7%) were positive for Salmonella. Thirty-eight serovars were identified in the 217 Salmonella isolates. The most prevalent were Salmonella Aberdeen (18.4%), S. Wandsworth (12.0%), S. Thompson (9.2%), S. Singapore (5.5%), S. Stanley (4.6%), S. Schwarzengrund (4.6%), S. Hvittingfoss (4.1%) and S. Typhimurium (4.1%). Many resistant isolates were detected, with 69.6% resistant to at least one antimicrobial drug. We observed high resistance to sulfonamides (56.5%), tetracycline (34.1%), streptomycin (28.6%), ampicillin (23.5%) and nalidixic acid (21.2%). Lower levels of resistance were found for gentamicin (3.2%), ciprofloxacin (2.3%), ceftiofur (1.3%), cefotaxime (0.9%), ceftazidime (0.5%) and cefepime (0.5%). A total of 43.3% of the Salmonella isolates were multidrug-resistant and 44 different resistance patterns were found. This study provided data on the prevalence, serovars and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella from retail aquaculture products in Shanghai, and indicated the need for monitoring programs for microbiologic safety in such projects and for more prudent drug use in aquaculture production in order to reduce the risk of development and spread of antimicrobial resistance.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xianming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wenjia
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hongkou District, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Emerging Infections Program China Office, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: xuxuebin@scdc.sh.cn.
authors.forename: Xuebin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. Electronic address: jmeng@umd.edu.
authors.forename: Jianghong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002681:China; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects*; D065288:Serogroup
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; Aquaculture products; Salmonella; Serovars