title: Effects of the amount of rice in meals on postprandial blood pressure in older people with postprandial hypotension: a within-subjects design.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of the amount of rice carbohydrates consumed during mealtime on the extent of decrease in postprandial blood pressure in older people with postprandial hypotension.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The incidence of postprandial hypotension is as high as 74% in older people with hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  A within-subjects repeated measures design was used.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine older people in nursing homes received a full serving and a half-serving of rice on two separate days, in random order blood pressure and heart rate were measured before each meal and every 15 minutes for a total of 120 minutes after each meal. Data were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance and the paired t-test with a Bonferroni adjustment using IBM spss version 19.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The control and intervention conditions yielded significantly different patterns in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Postprandial hypotension was less frequent under the intervention condition; however, decrease in rice intake did not significantly affect heart rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reducing the amount of rice intake per meal prevents postprandial blood pressure decreases in the older people. Small and frequent meals with decreased carbohydrate content are recommended to prevent postprandial hypotension and its complications in the older people.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients, dieticians and caregivers of older patients should be aware of the importance of diet, especially of decreasing the amount of carbohydrate in a meal. Smaller and more frequent meals are recommended for older people to slow gastric emptying.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Tae
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Eunjoo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006299:Health Services for the Aged; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000178:diet therapy*; D007022:Hypotension / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D012275:Oryza; D019518:Postprandial Period
keywords: aged care; blood pressure; carbohydrate intake; meal size; postprandial