title: Anthropomorphic phantom to investigate the bladder dose in gynecological high-dose-rate brachytherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study presents a prototype of a phantom appropriate for experimental bladder dosimetry. This work presents details of the phantom construction and dosimetric results obtained using radiochromic film and optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The phantom was constructed of polymethyl methacrylate. Two artificial bladders were three-dimensional printed using previous computed tomography images. Radiochromic films and OSLDs were positioned on the artificial bladder walls, and the applicators were placed according to the original computed tomography image.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prototype phantom simulated the behavior of the dose on the bladder surface, enabling bladder movement in all directions. The dosimetric study that was performed using radiochromic film and OSLDs exhibited concordance, in most cases, with the results obtained from the planning system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The methodology presented offers conditions for researchers to investigate more accurately the behavior of the dose on the bladder surface during intracavitary brachytherapy procedures.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Prof. José Aloísio de Campos, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil. Electronic address: rmv.fisica@gmail.com.
authors.forename: R M V
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Prof. José Aloísio de Campos, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Belinato
authors.affiliation: Medical Physics Department, Hospital CHAMA, Arapiraca, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Macedo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Prof. José Aloísio de Campos, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Souza
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy; D005260:Female; D005373:Film Dosimetry; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D013819:Thermoluminescent Dosimetry; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D001743:Urinary Bladder
chemical_list: D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate
keywords: Bladder; Brachytherapy; Dosimetry; Film; Phantom