title: [Asthma, indoor and outdoor air pollution: A pilot study in Lebanese school teenagers].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many studies have demonstrated that outdoor pollution might exacerbate respiratory symptoms and childhood asthma. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between asthma and outdoor and indoor pollution.
  
  
  METHODS
  We undertook a survey in May-June 2012 about schoolchildren aged 12-19 years in six Lebanese schools. This combined the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) standardized questionnaire with other questions addressing outdoor and indoor exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 717 subjects (response rate 71.7%), 4.5% had physician-diagnosed asthma, 34.7% had probable asthma and 60.8% were asymptomatic. Exposure to indoor contaminants was positively associated to asthma. The risk for asthma was higher in those residing near heavy road traffic (ORa=4.30 [95% CI 1.45-12.71], P<0.05), those previously exposed to fire (ORa=1.84 [95% CI 1.01-3.36]), and those exposed to smog (ORa=4.15 [95% CI 1.42-12.12]). Airing the house in the morning or in case of indoor smoking had a protective effect against asthma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the risks of asthma or having respiratory symptoms are not only related to indoor pollution but also to outdoor pollution especially from road traffic.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherche clinique et épidémiologique, faculté de pharmacie, campus Rafic Hariri, université libanaise, Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban; Section II, faculté de santé publique, université libanaise, Beyrouth, Liban. Electronic address: pascalesalameh1@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salameh
authors.affiliation: École doctorale des sciences et technologie, université libanaise, Beyrouth, Liban.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karaki
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherche clinique et épidémiologique, faculté de pharmacie, campus Rafic Hariri, université libanaise, Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban; École doctorale des sciences et technologie, université libanaise, Beyrouth, Liban.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Awada
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherche clinique et épidémiologique, faculté de pharmacie, campus Rafic Hariri, université libanaise, Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban; École doctorale des sciences et technologie, université libanaise, Beyrouth, Liban.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rachidi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherche clinique et épidémiologique, faculté de pharmacie, campus Rafic Hariri, université libanaise, Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban; École doctorale des sciences et technologie, université libanaise, Beyrouth, Liban.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al Hajje
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherche clinique et épidémiologique, faculté de pharmacie, campus Rafic Hariri, université libanaise, Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban; École doctorale des sciences et technologie, université libanaise, Beyrouth, Liban.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bawab
authors.affiliation: Section II, faculté de santé publique, université libanaise, Beyrouth, Liban; École doctorale des sciences et technologie, université libanaise, Beyrouth, Liban.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saleh
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Saint-Georges, faculté de médecine, université de Balamand, Beyrouth, Liban.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waked
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007861:Lebanon / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012574:Schools / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Asthma; Asthme; Environmental factors; Facteurs environnementaux; Indoor pollution; Outdoor pollution; Pollution atmosphérique; Pollution domestique; Road traffic; Trafic routier