title: Ligustrazine effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary damage in rats.
abstract: We investigated the effectiveness of ligustrazine (tetramethylpyrazine, TMP) in alleviating pulmonary damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the blank group, LPS group, and TMP treatment group (TMP group). The LPS group was intraperitoneally injected with LPS (20mg/kg), and the TMP group was intraperitoneally injected with LPS (20mg/kg) and ligustrazine (80mg/kg). Blood gas analysis, hematoxylin-eosin staining dye extravasation and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) score, the wet/dry lung tissue (W/D) ratios, the expression of CD31+ vascular endothelial microparticles (EMPs), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels, and the protein expression of Rho-associated coiled-coil-forming protein kinase (ROCK) II and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were analyzed. Compared with the blank group, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) declined in both 1 and 4h (P<0.01), the W/D ratio and DAD score increased (P<0.01), and the TNF-α levels in serum, CD31+ EMPs, and protein expression of ROCK II and TLR4 were significantly increased (P<0.01) in the LPS group. Compared with the LPS group, PaO2 significantly increased in the TMP group at 4h (P<0.05), while the W/D ratio and DAD score were significantly decreased in the TMP group (P<0.01). TNF-α levels, CD31+ EMPs, and protein expression of ROCK II and TLR4 were significantly decreased in the TMP group compared with the LPS group (P<0.01). This study demonstrated that TMP can alleviate LPS-induced pulmonary damage by attenuating pulmonary vascular permeability and CD31+ EMP levels in the plasma, reducing the release of the inflammatory mediator TNF-α and inhibiting the protein expression of ROCK II and TLR4.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Huiqi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yuanzhuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Congye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiangyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: denkepeng@189.cn.
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: chengjingao2003@163.com.
authors.forename: Chengjin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D010313:Partial Pressure; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018805:Sepsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D011719:Pyrazines; C495347:Tlr4 protein, rat; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C580818:ROCK2 protein, rat; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D010100:Oxygen; C017953:tetramethylpyrazine
keywords: LPS; Ligustrazine; Lung exudative lesion; Pulmonary damage; Vascular endothelial particles