title: Non-suicidal Self-injury in Different Eating Disorder Types: Relevance of Personality Traits and Gender.
abstract: The study explored lifetime prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in female and male individuals with eating disorders (ED) and compared ED symptoms, general psychopathology and personality traits across individuals with and without a history of NSSI. The incremental discriminative capacity of gender on the manifestation of lifetime NSSI was also studied. A total sample of 1649 consecutively admitted ED patients (1515 women and 134 men) participated in the current study [339 ED + NSSI (ED with NSSI) and 1310 ED - NSSI (ED without NSSI)]. Specific self-report measures were included and other clinical and psychopathological indices. The observed lifetime prevalence of NSSI was 20.6% (20.9% in women and 17.2% in men). NSSI was not associated with ED type or gender. However, ED + NSSI patients exhibited more impulsive behaviour, substance-abuse disorders and additional impulse-control disorders, were younger and had more previous treatments. Age was shown to affect the presentation of NSSI. Additionally, ED + NSSI patients exhibited more severe ED and general psychopathological symptoms and had more dysfunctional personality traits when compared with ED - NSSI. ED + NSSI was found to be positively associated with harm avoidance and self-transcendence but negatively with reward dependence, self-directedness and cooperativeness. Thus, the variables with stronger capacity to identify the presence of ED + NSSI were younger age, harm avoidance, self-directedness and self-transcendence. A lack of association between sex and ED subtype with the presence of NSSI was observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Douglas University Institute in Mental Health & Psychiatry Department, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steiger
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.|Clinical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Murcia
authors.affiliation: Douglas University Institute in Mental Health & Psychiatry Department, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Mimi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Israel
authors.affiliation: Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Roser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Granero
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Zaida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Agüera
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Riesco
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|Clinical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.|Ciber Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Menchón
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.|Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.|Clinical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2968-9898
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fernández-Aranda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: anorexia nervosa; binge-eating disorders; bulimia nervosa; eating disorders; gender; non-suicidal self-injury; personality traits