title: Enhanced elementary sulfur recovery with sequential sulfate-reducing, denitrifying sulfide-oxidizing processes in a cylindrical-type anaerobic baffled reactor.
abstract: Simultaneous removal of COD, SO4(2-) and NO3(-) and recovery of elemental sulfur (S(0)) were evaluated in a four-compartment anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) with separated functional units of sulfate reduction (SR) and denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR). Optimal SO4(2-)-S/NO3(-)-N ratio was evaluated as 5:5, with a substantial improvement of S(0) recovery maintained at 79.1%, one of the highest level ever reported; meanwhile, removal rates of COD, SO4(2-) and NO3(-) were approached at 71.9%, 92.9% and 98.6%, respectively. Nitrate served as a key factor to control the shift of SR and DSR related populations, with the possible involvement of Thauera sp. during SR and Sulfurovum sp. or Acidiferrobacter sp. during DSR, respectively. DsrB and aprA genes were the most abundant during SR and DSR processes, respectively. Cylindrical-type ABR with the improved elemental sulfur recovery was recommended to deal with sulfate and nitrate-laden wastewater under the optimized SO4(2-)/NO3(-) ratio.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
authors.forename: Youkang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhiling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
authors.forename: Lingfang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94270, USA.
authors.forename: Jizhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China. Electronic address: waj0578@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Aijie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D062065:Wastewater / Q000382:microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D018508:Water Purification / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D013431:Sulfates; D013455:Sulfur; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Cylindrical-type ABR; Elemental sulfur recovery; Microbial communities analysis; Nitrate reduction; Sulfate reduction