title: Evaluation of olfactory function in adults with primary hypothyroidism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sufficient clinical data are not available on the effect of hypothyroidism on olfactory function in adults. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the olfactory function of adult patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients aged between 18 and 60 years who were diagnosed with clinical primary hypothyroidism and 45 healthy controls who had normal thyroid function tests were included in the study. Sniffin' Sticks olfactory test results of the 2 groups were compared. The relationships between thyroid function tests and olfactory parameters were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Odor threshold, identification, and discrimination scores of the hypothyroid group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was detected between free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels and odor threshold, identification, and discrimination scores (p < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or free thyroxine (FT4) levels and olfactory parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study revealed diminished olfactory function in adults with hypothyroidism. FT3 levels were found to have a more significant relationship with olfactory parameters than TSH or FT4 levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Günbey
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Rıfat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karlı
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Feyzi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gökosmanoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Berkan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Düzgün
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ayhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hulusi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Atmaca
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ünal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012903:Smell; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000378:metabolism; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000378:metabolism; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine
keywords: FT3; FT4; Sniffin’ Sticks; TSH; hypothyroidism; olfactory function