title: [Urinary stones and bowel diseases: Systematic review].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to explain the relationship between urinary stones and bowel disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review was performed on Medline, Embase and Cochrane using following keywords: urinary stones; urolithiasis; bowel; enteric and digestive. The literature selection was based on evidence and practical considerations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three articles were selected. Three types of urolthiasis are mainly involved in digestive pathologies: calcium oxalate stones, uric acid and ammonium acid urate stones. Bowel pathologies responsible for stone disease are divided into small bowel diseases, colonic lesions and lack of an oxalate degrading bacteria (Oxalobacter formigenes) in the intestinal flora. Resulting in a decreased urine output, pH, hyperoxaluria, hypocitraturia or a hypomagnesurie. Blood and urinary explorations are the basis of diagnostic management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bowel diseases can be responsible for urolthiasis. Understanding of the mechanisms, and metabolic evaluations can prevent recurrences. Increase fluid intake associated with specific supplementation and diet are the key of the treatment.
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, CHU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France. Electronic address: benjaminpradere@gmail.com.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pradere
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peyronnet
authors.affiliation: Service de gastro-entérologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brochard
authors.affiliation: Service de gastro-entérologie, CHU de Tours, avenue de la République, 37170 Chambray-lès-Tours, France.
authors.forename: É
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Le Balc'h
authors.affiliation: Service de néphrologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vigneau
authors.affiliation: Service de gastro-entérologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siproudhis
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, hôpital Tenon, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Traxer
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bensalah
mesh_terms: D002951:Citrates / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006959:Hyperoxaluria / Q000150:complications; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000652:urine; D009846:Oliguria / Q000150:complications; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: Bowel disease; Lithiases urinaires; Oxalobacter formigenes; Pathologies digestives; Urinary stones