title: NO-Rich Diet for Lifestyle-Related Diseases.
abstract: Decreased nitric oxide (NO) availability due to obesity and endothelial dysfunction might be causally related to the development of lifestyle-related diseases such as insulin resistance, ischemic heart disease, and hypertension. In such situations, instead of impaired NO synthase (NOS)-dependent NO generation, the entero-salivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway might serve as a backup system for NO generation by transmitting NO activities in the various molecular forms including NO and protein S-nitrosothiols. Recently accumulated evidence has demonstrated that dietary intake of fruits and vegetables rich in nitrate/nitrite is an inexpensive and easily-practicable way to prevent insulin resistance and vascular endothelial dysfunction by increasing the NO availability; a NO-rich diet may also prevent other lifestyle-related diseases, including osteoporosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cancer. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge of NO generation through the entero-salivary pathway and discusses its safety and preventive effects on lifestyle-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, Saitama 350-0295, Japan. junkoba@josai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, Saitama 350-0295, Japan. kazuo@josai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohtake
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, Saitama 350-0295, Japan. mrhiro@josai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uchida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009566:Nitrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols / Q000378:metabolism; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols; D009569:Nitric Oxide
keywords: cancer; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); insulin resistance; ischemia/reperfusion injury; lifestyle-related disease; nitrate; nitric oxide (NO); nitrite; osteoporosis