title: Recent trends in surgical and reconstructive management of vulvar cancer: review of literature.
abstract: Vulvar cancer (VC) is a rare disease. The most common histologic type is squamous-cell carcinoma. VC could be divided into two types: type one, commonly associated with HPV infection, occurs in young women and type two, associated with non-neoplastic lesions that usually occurs in older women. Previously VC was often treated with radical Vulvectomy. Today update in diagnostic and surgery technique, capable to identify early stages of disease and adaptation in surgery procedures, according to the stage of disease, age of patients and possible physical and psychological morbidity consequence, allow using less radical surgery approaches. That has led to decrease therapy-associated morbidity while preserving oncologic safety and improving psychosexual outcomes. Finally, several surgical treatments are available in case of VC and, despite radical surgery is often required, less radical surgery associated with reconstructive plastic surgery decreases some of short- and long-term associated complications.
authors.affiliation: Gynecology and Obstetrics Section, Department of Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy. vitalesalvatore@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Salvatore Giovanni
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Vitale
authors.affiliation: Gynecology and Obstetrics Section, Department of Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valenti
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biondi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Papa Giovanni XXIII" Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rossetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Papa Giovanni XXIII" Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frigerio
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008545:Melanoma / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000639:trends; D007724:Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus / Q000601:surgery; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Cancer; Management; Reconstruction; Surgery; Vulvar