title: Orthographic and phonological form interference during silent reading.
abstract: This study reports 2 eye-tracking experiments investigating form interference during sentence-level silent reading. The items involved reduced and unreduced relative clauses (RCs) with words that were orthographically and phonologically similar (injection-infection; O+P+, Experiment 1) as well as with words that were orthographically similar, but phonologically dissimilar (laughter-daughter; O+P-, Experiment 2). Both experiments revealed syntactic processing disruptions for reduced RCs. Processing difficulty was also observed at the form-related word in both experiments under first-pass and second-pass reading measures. These form-interference effects did not interact with structural processing difficulty under first-pass measures in either experiment. Under second-pass time, there were larger processing disruptions for reduced RCs in O+P+ sentences relative to their controls. This was not the case, however, for O+P- sentences. These results suggest 2 components to form-interference effects during silent reading: (a) an early, low-level component that is driven in large part by visual form overlap and (b) a component that relates to late stages of interpretation and that is associated more closely with phonological form overlap.
authors.affiliation: Department of Linguistics and TESOL, University of Texas at Arlington.
authors.forename: Iya Khelm
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Price
authors.affiliation: Department of Linguistics and TESOL, University of Texas at Arlington.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Witzel
authors.affiliation: Department of Linguistics and TESOL, University of Texas at Arlington.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Witzel
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D032882:Comprehension / Q000502:physiology*; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010700:Phonetics; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011932:Reading; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012660:Semantics; D013334:Students; D014495:Universities