title: Large-scale preparation of clove essential oil and eugenol-loaded liposomes using a membrane contactor and a pilot plant.
abstract: Based on our previous study where optimal conditions were defined to encapsulate clove essential oil (CEO) into liposomes at laboratory scale, we scaled-up the preparation of CEO and eugenol (Eug)-loaded liposomes using a membrane contactor (600 mL) and a pilot plant (3 L) based on the principle of ethanol injection method, both equipped with a Shirasu Porous Glass membrane for injection of the organic phase into the aqueous phase. Homogenous, stable, nanometric-sized and multilamellar liposomes with high phospholipid, Eug loading rates and encapsulation efficiency of CEO components were obtained. Saturation of phospholipids and drug concentration in the organic phase may control the liposome stability. Liposomes loaded with other hydrophobic volatile compounds could be prepared at large scale using the ethanol injection method and a membrane for injection.
authors.affiliation: a Bioactive Molecules Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences 2, PRASE, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University , Lebanon and.|b Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (LAGEP), UMR-CNRS 5007 , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , CPE Lyon , Villeurbanne Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sebaaly
authors.affiliation: a Bioactive Molecules Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences 2, PRASE, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University , Lebanon and.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Greige-Gerges
authors.affiliation: b Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (LAGEP), UMR-CNRS 5007 , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , CPE Lyon , Villeurbanne Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Agusti
authors.affiliation: b Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (LAGEP), UMR-CNRS 5007 , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , CPE Lyon , Villeurbanne Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Hatem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fessi
authors.affiliation: b Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (LAGEP), UMR-CNRS 5007 , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , CPE Lyon , Villeurbanne Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Charcosset
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology; D045783:Clove Oil / Q000737:chemistry*; D005054:Eugenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes; D010316:Particle Size; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D045783:Clove Oil; D008081:Liposomes; D005054:Eugenol
keywords: Clove essential oil; Lipoid S100; Phospholipon 90H; eugenol; liposomes; membrane contactor; membrane emulsification; pilot; scale up