title: Resveratrol Reduces Morphologic Changes in the Myenteric Plexus and Oxidative Stress in the Ileum in Rats with Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury can be caused by surgical procedures and inflammatory bowel disease. It is normally associated with the increased production of free radicals and changes in the enteric nervous system.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Given the antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of resveratrol, the present study assessed its influence on oxidative stress in the intestinal wall and the morphology of myenteric neurons in the ileum of rats subjected to ischemia/reperfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Resveratrol was orally administered daily at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 5 days. Changes in the ileum response to ischemia after 45 min were investigated followed by 3 h reperfusion. Lipoperoxide and carbonylated protein levels, and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were measured following ischemia/reperfusion injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The density and morphometry of the general neuronal population, nitrergic neurons and glial cells, and morphometry of VIP varicosities in the ileum were also studied. Lipoperoxide and carbonylated protein levels were 171 and 40% higher during the ischemia/reperfusion, respectively, compared to control cohorts, and resveratrol attenuated these values. The glutathione ratio was 64% lower during ischemia/reperfusion, compared to control cohorts. Resveratrol increased the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, attenuated the changes in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the detrimental morphologic changes caused by ischemia/reperfusion in the general neuronal population and nitrergic neurons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral treatment with resveratrol reduced the oxidative stress in the ileum and attenuated the morphologic changes that occurred in the myenteric plexus of the ileum in rats subjected to ischemia/reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. alinecs.souza@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Aline Cristine
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: da Silva de Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. stephaniecarvalhoborges@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Stephanie Carvalho
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. evandroberaldi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Evandro José
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Beraldi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. anacharis@bol.com.br.
authors.forename: Anacharis Babeto
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: de Sá-Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. juradircomar@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Jurandir Fernando
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Comar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. abracht@uem.br.
authors.forename: Adelar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bracht
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. mrmnatali@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria Raquel Marçal
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Natali
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. ncbuttow@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nilza Cristina
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Buttow
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D007077:Ileal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009197:Myenteric Plexus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026602:Nitrergic Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013267:Stilbenes; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005978:Glutathione; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Ileum; Ischemia/reperfusion injury; Neuroprotection; Oxidative stress; Resveratrol