title: The association of bone turnover markers with pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines in patients with gestational diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess differences in circulating osteocalcin (OC) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), as well as in their expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and placental tissue obtained from patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum levels of OC, OPG and soluble nuclear factor-kB ligand (sRANKL) were measured in 49 women with GDM and 30 subjects with NGT between weeks 24-32 of gestation, and three months after childbirth. OC and OPG mRNA expression was measured in 23 patients with GDM and 23 women with NGT at term, using quantitative real-time RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients with GDM had decreased OC mRNA expression in SAT (p=0.015), lower adiponectin mRNA expression in VAT (p=0.039), and a lower circulating adiponectin level (p=0.04). Multiple regression analysis revealed that serum adiponectin was significantly associated with OC mRNA expression in SAT (b=0.49, p=0.03). Three months postpartum, the OPG/sRANKL ratio was markedly higher in the subjects with prior GDM (p=0.03) and correlated positively with HbA1c (R=0.33; p=0.04), fasting insulin (R=0.35; p=0.03) and HOMA-IR (R=0.34; p=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the patients with GDM decreased OC mRNA expression in SAT might be associated with a reduced stimulatory effect on adiponectin expression in adipose tissue. On the other hand, higher OPG/sRANKL ratio suggests a better protection against bone loss in the subjects with prior GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Telejko
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalejta
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Mriusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuzmicki
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lipinska
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pliszka
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Juliusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilk
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zielinska
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sobota
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szamatowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kretowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorska
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000737:chemistry; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D010920:Placenta / Q000737:chemistry; D011044:Poland; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D015415:Biomarkers; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; D015675:Osteocalcin