title: Head Transplantation in Mouse Model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mouse model of allo-head and body reconstruction (AHBR) has recently been established to further the clinical development of this strategy for patients who are suffering from mortal bodily trauma or disease, yet whose mind remains healthy. Animal model studies are indispensable for developing such novel surgical practices. The goal of this work was to establish head transplant mouse model, then the next step through the feasible biological model to investigate immune rejection and brain function in next step, thereby promoting the goal of translation of AHBR to the clinic in the future.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our approach involves retaining adequate blood perfusion in the transplanted head throughout the surgical procedure by establishing donor-to-recipient cross-circulation by cannulating and anastomosing the carotid artery on one side of the body and the jugular vein on the other side. Neurological function was preserved by this strategy as indicated by electroencephalogram and intact cranial nerve reflexes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study support the feasibility of this method for avoiding brain ischemia during transplantation, thereby allowing for the possibility of long-term studies of head transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Hand and Microsurgical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.|State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.|Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Hand and Microsurgical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.|State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Hand and Microsurgical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.|State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Peng-Wei
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Hand and Microsurgical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.|State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Zi-Long
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Hand and Microsurgical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.|State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Ke-Cheng
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Hand and Microsurgical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.|State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006257:Head / Q000601:surgery; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D023421:Models, Animal; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Allo-head and body reconstruction; Allograft; Head transplantation; Mouse model; composite tissue allotransplantation