title: More evidence of unpublished industry studies of lead smelter/refinery workers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lead smelter/refinery workers in the US have had significant exposure to lead and are an important occupational group to study to understand the health effects of chronic lead exposure in adults. Recent research found evidence that studies of lead smelter/refinery workers have been conducted but not published. This paper presents further evidence for this contention.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To present further evidence of industry conducted, unpublished epidemiologic studies of lead smelter/refinery workers and health outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Historical research relying on primary sources such as internal industry documents and published studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ASARCO smelter/refinery workers were studied in the early 1980s and found to have increased risk of lung cancer and stroke in one study, but not in another.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because occupational lead exposure is an on-going concern for US and overseas workers, all epidemiologic studies should be made available to evaluate and update occupational health and safety standards.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Road , Wayne, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000266:history; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000266:history; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000266:history; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000266:history; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000266:history; D000066388:Oil and Gas Industry / Q000266:history*; D011642:Publications; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational
keywords: Cerebrovascular disease; Lead exposure; Lead refinery; Lead smelter; Lung cancer; Occupational health; Smelter workers