title: Meralgia paraesthetica: Ultrasound-guided injection at multiple levels with 12-month follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided injections around the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) at different levels in meralgia paraesthetica (MP) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was approved by the university ethics committee and informed oral and written consent were obtained from all patients. Between June 2008 and August 2013, 20 patients with symptoms of MP, including nine men (mean age, 61.33 years) and 11 women (mean age 61.18 years), were treated with US-guided injection of steroids along the LFCN at three different levels in a mean of 2.25 sessions. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure symptoms before, immediately after and 12 months after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete resolution of symptoms was documented in 15/20 patients (mean VAS decreased from 82 to 0), and partial resolution in the remaining five (mean VAS decreased from 92 to 42), which was confirmed at 12-month follow-up. By using the different levels of injection approach overall significantly better symptom relief was obtained (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The outcome of US-guided injection along the LFCN can be further improved by injections at different levels (p < 0.05), which was confirmed at 12-month long-term follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meralgia paraesthetica is an entrapment neuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Ultrasound proved effective in diagnosis and in guiding injection therapy. Injection at the anterior superior iliac spine has been used previously. Multiple injections along the nerve course were used in this study. Long-term follow-up (12 months) confirmed the results.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Radiology Department, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Andrea S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Klauser
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Radiology Department, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria. dr_m_hamdy2006@hotmail.com.|Diagnostic Radiology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. dr_m_hamdy2006@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohamed M H
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abd Ellah
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology and Urology, Jefferson Prostate Diagnostic Center and Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Ethan J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Halpern
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Radiology Department, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sporer
authors.affiliation: Cattedra "R" di Radiologia-DIMI, Università di Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 8, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinoli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tagliafico
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sojer
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The University of Arizona Health Network, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
authors.forename: Mihra S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Taljanovic
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Radiology Department, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Werner R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Jaschke
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D020428:Femoral Neuropathy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009408:Nerve Compression Syndromes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones
keywords: Entrapment neuropathy; Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; Meralgia paraesthetica; Ultrasound; Ultrasound-guided injection