title: Neopterin: An immune biomarker of coronary artery disease and its association with other CAD markers.
abstract: Neopterin has been considered as an important marker of cellular inflammation. The primary objective of the current study was to determine the role of neopterin in cardiovascular disease and its association with other well known cardiac markers. The study was composed of total 200 subjects (100 confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, 50 recently diagnosed, and 50 managed CAD patients) both men and women and 100 healthy control individuals of matching age and weight. Serum neopterin analysis was done using commercial available ELISA kits. Other cardiac markers viz. troponin, creatine kinase (CK), CK MB isoenzyme (CKMB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) estimation was done by standard routine biochemical methods. Neopterin level was found to be remarkably enhanced by 150% and 513% in the recently diagnosed and managed CAD patients, respectively. CK level also showed a significant rise by 62% in the managed patients. However, recently diagnosed patients did not show any significant change. Moreover, cross correlation study showed statistically significant (P < 0.01) change in neopterin and CK levels between recently and managed patients. In the other studied CAD markers such as CKMB, fibrinogen and LDH also showed a significant increase in both categories of patients. CRP level was also found to be significantly enhanced by 357% (P < 0.01) and 341% (P < 0.05) in recently diagnosed and managed patients respectively. Because of cost effectiveness, easy and quick analysis of neopterin in the serum sample, we propose neopterin as the prognostic as well as diagnostic biomarker of CAD before other markers could be tested especially in Saudi population.
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Chelapram Kandy
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Firoz
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nasimudeen R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Jabir
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Nabil
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Alama
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ghazi A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Damanhouri
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Waseem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Anas S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Alzahrani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hussein A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Almehdar
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shams
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabrez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood*; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019798:Neopterin / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D014336:Troponin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014336:Troponin; D006710:Homocysteine; D019798:Neopterin; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form
keywords: ALT; CK; CKMB; CRP; cardiac markers; neopterin