title: Biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies of SPION using particle electron paramagnetic resonance, MRI and ICP-MS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) may play an important role in nanomedicine by serving as drug carriers and imaging agents. In this study, we present the biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties of SPIONs using a new detection method, particle electron paramagnetic resonance (pEPR).
  
  
  METHODS
  The pEPR technique is based on a low-field and low-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance. pEPR was compared with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and MRI, in in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pEPR, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and MRI results showed a good correlation between the techniques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that pEPR can be used to detect SPIONs in both preclinical and clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.|Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Oliviero L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Gobbo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wetterling
authors.affiliation: PEPRIC NV, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaes
authors.affiliation: PEPRIC NV, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teughels
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Farouk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Markos
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Deirdre
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Edge
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Shortt
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Kieran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Crosbie-Staunton
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Marek W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Radomski
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland.|CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Volkov
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland.|CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Adriele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prina-Mello
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D050997:Nanomedicine; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide
keywords: ICP-MS; MRI; SPION; biodistribution; nanomedicine; pEPR; pharmacokinetics