title: Drug Metabolism - From In Vitro to In Vivo, From Simple to Complex: Reflections of the BCPT Nordic Prize 2014 Awardee.
abstract: Drug metabolism is the crucial part of pharmaco- and toxicokinetics and consequently is associated with both desirable and adverse effects of most xenobiotics, compounds foreign to the body. This minireview follows some advances of the field over the last 50 years or so through the experiences and work of one scientist. Thus, this minireview represents a rather personal view of research in one research field. Drug metabolism is affected and controlled by a huge number of factors and conditions such as individual development, species differences, drug-drug interactions and various environmental, host and genetic factors working via a variable set of regulatory mechanisms. All these different factors create wide individual, population and species variability with obvious repercussions to clinical drug therapy and chemical risk assessment. This minireview also provides glimpses to methodological developments over recent decades and ends up presenting a few promising approaches and techniques such as various omics and high-content and high-throughput techniques feeding huge amounts of data to computational integration and modelling, which constitute the basis for systems or network pharmacology and toxicology.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Biomedical Research, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Olavi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pelkonen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D055808:Drug Discovery; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D010598:Pharmacognosy; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens