title: Development of Orally Active Thrombin Inhibitors for the Treatment of Thrombotic Disorder Diseases.
abstract: Thrombotic disorders represent the major share of the various cardiovascular diseases, and significant progress has been made in the development of synthetic thrombin inhibitors as new anticoagulants. In addition to the development of highly potent and selective inhibitors with improved safety and suitable half-life, several allosteric inhibitors have been designed and synthesized, that did not fully nullify the procoagulant signal and thus could result in reduced bleeding complications. Furthermore, natural products with thrombin inhibitory activity have been isolated, and some natural products have been modified in order to improve their inhibitory activity and metabolic stability. This review summarizes the development of orally active thrombin inhibitors for the treatment of thrombotic disorder diseases, which could serve as a reference for the interested researchers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. heliwei@njutcm.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. daiweichen@njutcm.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei-Chen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. linianguang@njutcm.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Nian-Guang
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D000818:Animals; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000991:Antithrombins; D001688:Biological Products
keywords: allosteric inhibitors; coagulation; natural products; orally active; thrombin; thrombosis; thrombotic disorders