title: Yes, caffeine, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, novobiocin and tamoxifen have an effect on Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774).
abstract: Reports indicating the presence of pharmaceutical in fresh water environment in the ngL(-1) to µgL(-1) range are occurring with increasing frequency. It is also a fact that pharmaceuticals may produce adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding how these emergent contaminants may affect aquatic biota. The goal of this research was to evaluate the sublethal responses in Corbicula fluminea such as, general stress (lysosomal membrane stability [LMS]), biomarkers of phase I and II (etoxyresorufin O-deethylase [EROD], dibenzylfluorescein dealkylase [DBF], gluthathione-S-transferase [GST]), oxidative stress (gluthathione reductase [GR], gluthathione peroxidase [GPX], lipid peroxidation [LPO]), and biomarkers of effect (DNA damage) after 21 days of exposure to caffeine, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, novobiocin and tamoxifen at 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, 50µgL(-1). Environmental concentrations tested in this study caused general stress and produced changes on biomarkers tested. LMS, responses from phase I and II enzymatic activity, oxidative stress, and biomarker of effect represent important ecotoxicological information, and will provide a useful reference for the assessment of selected drugs and the effects which these compounds may have on aquatic invertebrates, using C. fluminea as a bioindicator species.
authors.affiliation: Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences. Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.; Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.. Electronic address: gabriela.aguirre@uca.es.
authors.forename: Gabriela V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Aguirre-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences. Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: Angel T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: DelValls
authors.affiliation: Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences. Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.; Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laura Martín-Díaz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002110:Caffeine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000633:toxicity*; D049874:Corbicula / Q000187:drug effects*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000633:toxicity*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D009675:Novobiocin / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D013629:Tamoxifen; D009675:Novobiocin; D002220:Carbamazepine; D002110:Caffeine; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D007052:Ibuprofen
keywords: Biomarkers; Bivalves; Digestive gland; Hemolymph; Neutral red; Pharmaceuticals