title: Finite element prediction of fatigue damage growth in cancellous bone.
abstract: Cyclic stresses applied to bones generate fatigue damage that affects the bone stiffness and its elastic modulus. This paper proposes a finite element model for the prediction of fatigue damage accumulation and failure in cancellous bone at continuum scale. The model is based on continuum damage mechanics and incorporates crack closure effects in compression. The propagation of the cracks is completely simulated throughout the damaged area. In this case, the stiffness of the broken element is reduced by 98% to ensure no stress-carrying capacities of completely damaged elements. Once a crack is initiated, the propagation direction is simulated by the propagation of the broken elements of the mesh. The proposed model suggests that damage evolves over a real physical time variable (cycles). In order to reduce the computation time, the integration of the damage growth rate is based on the cycle blocks approach. In this approach, the real number of cycles is reduced (divided) into equivalent blocks of cycles. Damage accumulation is computed over the cycle blocks and then extrapolated over the corresponding real cycles. The results show a clear difference between local tensile and compressive stresses on damage accumulation. Incorporating stiffness reduction also produces a redistribution of the peak stresses in the damaged region, which results in a delay in damage fracture.
authors.affiliation: a PRISME laboratory, EA4229, University of Orleans, Polytech' Orléans , 8, Rue Léonard de Vinci 45072, Orléans , France.
authors.forename: Ridha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hambli
authors.affiliation: a PRISME laboratory, EA4229, University of Orleans, Polytech' Orléans , 8, Rue Léonard de Vinci 45072, Orléans , France.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frikha
authors.affiliation: b I3MTO Laboratory, EA 4708, University of Orleans , Hospital of Orleans, 1 rue Porte Madeleine, F-45032 Orléans , France.
authors.forename: Hechmi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toumi
authors.affiliation: c Instituto de Ciência e Inovação em Engenharia Mecânica e Engenharia Industrial, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Faculdade de Engenharia , Universidade do Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto , Portugal.
authors.forename: João Manuel R S
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tavares
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological
keywords: cancellous bone; fatigue; finite element; microcracks; microdamage