title: The feasibility of white matter volume reduction analysis using SPM8 plus DARTEL for the diagnosis of patients with clinically diagnosed corticobasal syndrome and Richardson's syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diagnosing corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is often difficult due to the wide variety of symptoms and overlaps in the similar clinical courses and neurological findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of white matter (WM) atrophy for the diagnosis of patients with clinically diagnosed CBD (corticobasal syndrome, CBS) and PSP (Richardson's syndrome, RS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomly divided the 3D T1-weighted MR images of 18 CBS patients, 33 RS patients, and 32 age-matched controls into two groups. We obtained segmented WM images in the first group using Voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer's disease (VSRAD) based on statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 8 plus diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra. A target volume of interest (VOI) for disease-specific atrophy was subsequently determined in this group using SPM8 group analyses of WM atrophy between patients groups and controls. We then evaluated the utility of these VOIs for diagnosing CBS and RS patients in the second group. Z score values in these VOIs were used as the determinant in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specific target VOIs were determined in the bilateral frontal subcortical WM for CBS and in the midbrain tegmentum for RS. In ROC analyses, the target VOIs of CBS and RS compared to those of controls exhibited an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99 and 0.84, respectively, which indicated an adequate diagnostic power. The VOI of CBS revealed a higher AUC than that of RS for differentiating between CBS and RS (AUC, 0.75 vs 0.53).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral frontal WM volume reduction demonstrated a higher power for differentiating CBS from RS. This VOI analysis is useful for clinically diagnosing CBS and RS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Medical Center of Gerontology.
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Medical Center of Gerontology.
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Imabayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Medical Center of Gerontology.
authors.forename: Aya M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tokumaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Medical Center of Gerontology.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasebe
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital.
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital.
authors.forename: Kazutomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanemaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology (the Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences.
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shibamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsukawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001284:Atrophy; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013494:Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D013577:Syndrome; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Corticobasal degeneration (CBD); Diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated lie algebra (DARTEL); Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP); Statistical parametric mapping (SPM); Voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer’s disease (VSRAD)