title: Prognostic significance of arterial and venous thrombosis in resected specimens for non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Venous thromboembolism(VTE) is common after pneumonectomy for malignancy and predicts poor survival. Routine screening for VTE with noninvasive tests has low sensitivity and specificity. Biopsy of lung has a place in establishing the nature and severity of the vascular alterations. In this study, we investigated the incidence, clinical and pathological characteristics of thrombosis in excised specimens after pneumonectomy, and its association with survival rate in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The studied population consisted 94 consecutive patients after pneumonectomy for NSCLC in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, The excised tissue specimens were stained by haematoxylin & eosin staining (HE) to observe thrombosis events. All the patients were followed up for 2years. The survival data was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall thrombosis events occurred in 56 (59.6%) of 94 NSCLC cases, pulmonary arterial thrombosis was found in 24 cases, and pulmonary venous thrombosis was found in 32 cases. Furthermore, 30 of 56 cases with thrombosis were accompanied by tumor emboli or tumor vascular infiltrating. Thrombosis risk was associated with cancer grade (P=0.005). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with thrombosis had lower survival rate than those without thrombosis (P=0.025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of thrombosis in excised tissue after pneumonectomy was high in patients with NSCLC, and it may be a marker of poor outcome.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Whenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Yuhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Yuanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Zhenguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua Dongjie, Hepingli Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address: cyh-birm@263.net.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000473:pathology; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000473:pathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015996:Survival Rate
keywords: lung neoplasias; prognosis; thrombosis