title: Regulation of heme biosynthesis and transport in metazoa.
abstract: Heme is an iron-containing tetrapyrrole that plays a critical role in regulating a variety of biological processes including oxygen and electron transport, gas sensing, signal transduction, biological clock, and microRNA processing. Most metazoan cells synthesize heme via a conserved pathway comprised of eight enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Heme can also be acquired from food or extracellular environment. Cellular heme homeostasis is maintained through the coordinated regulation of synthesis, transport, and degradation. This review presents the current knowledge of the synthesis and transport of heme in metazoans and highlights recent advances in the regulation of these pathways.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: FengXiu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: YongJiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: CaiYong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D005294:Ferrochelatase / Q000378:metabolism; D006418:Heme / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006418:Heme; D007501:Iron; D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase; D005294:Ferrochelatase; D010100:Oxygen