title: Youth perceptions of how neighborhood physical environment and peers affect physical activity: a focus group study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is need for a youth-informed conceptualization of how environmental and social neighborhood contexts influence physical activity. We assessed youths' perceptions of their neighborhood physical and peer environments as affecting physical activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three students (20 girls; ages 12-14 years) participated in focus groups about the physical environment and peers within their neighborhoods, and their understanding of how they affect physical activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inductive analysis identified themes of access (e.g., to equipment); aesthetics; physical and social safety; peer proximity and behavior (e.g., bullying); adult support or interference; and adult boundary setting. Participants also identified interconnections among themes, such as traffic shaping parent boundary setting and, in turn, access to physical spaces and peers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Young adolescents view neighborhoods in ways similar to and different from adults. Examining physical and social environments in tandem, while mindful of how adults shape and youth perceive these environments, may enhance understanding of youth physical activity behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, 308 W. Circle Drive, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA. alsmith@msu.edu.
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA, 02125, USA. phil.troped@umb.edu.
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Troped
authors.affiliation: Department of Health & Kinesiology, Purdue University, 800 W. Stadium Ave, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. mcdonough@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Meghan H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: McDonough
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 209 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. defreese@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: DeFreese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D010379:Peer Group; D010465:Perception; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012449:Safety; D012931:Social Environment