title: Is histological prostate inflammation in an initial prostate biopsy a predictor of prostate cancer on repeat biopsy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether histological inflammation detected in an initial prostate biopsy can predict the risk of prostate cancer on a repeat biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of 171 patients who underwent repeat prostate biopsy for persistently elevated prostate-specific antigen after an initial negative biopsy result. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to the results of the repeat biopsy: the noncancer group (n = 126) and the cancer group (n = 45). Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the effect of inflammation grade, aggressiveness, and prostate-related parameters on the detection of prostate cancer at the repeat biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate inflammation grade (p = 0.005) and aggressiveness (p = 0.001) in the initial biopsy were significantly different between the cancer and noncancer groups. Factors associated with the risk of prostate cancer at the repeat biopsy were age [odds ratio (OR) 1.08; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.14], prostate-specific antigen density (OR 24.30; 95 % CI 9.3-62.9), prostate-specific antigen velocity (OR 1.05; 95 % CI 1.01-1.09), and inflammation aggressiveness (OR 0.05; 95 % CI 0.01-0.27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A histological inflammatory finding at the initial prostate biopsy was negatively associated with prostate cancer detection in repeat biopsy. This result could be useful to determine the need for repeat prostate biopsy in patients with persistently elevated prostate-specific antigen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42, Jebong-ro, Donggu, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bu Hyeon
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Eu Chang
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Ho Song
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hoseok
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Sun-Ouck
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Taek Won
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dong Deuk
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Kwangsung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen