title: Alpine Skiing With total knee ArthroPlasty (ASWAP): muscular adaptations.
abstract: This study investigated the effectiveness of recreational skiing as an intervention to improve quadriceps muscle architecture, strength, and antagonistic co-activation in patients with unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Hence, patients with TKA were assigned to either an intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). The IG completed a 12-week guided skiing program whereas the CG was instructed not to change their daily routines for the same period and was not allowed to ski. Before, after the intervention/after an 8-week retention period m. rectus femoris (RF) cross-sectional area (CSA), m. vastus lateralis muscle thickness, fascicle length, and pennation angle were measured with ultrasonography, while isometric (90° knee angle) knee extension, flexion torque and m. biceps femoris co-activation were assessed on an isokinetic dynamometer in 26 patients. There were significant and stable increases in RF CSA for the operated (10%; P < 0.05) and non-operated leg (12%; P < 0.01) after the training period in the IG whereas no changes were observed for the CG (all P > 0.05). There were no significant effects for other parameters (all P > 0.05). Overall, the skiing intervention was successful in increasing muscle mass in TKA older patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rieder
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kösters
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: H-P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wiesinger
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Clinic, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dorn
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Clinic, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hofstaedter
authors.affiliation: Sportsclinic Austria, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: O R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Seynnes
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000368:Aged; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D009929:Organ Size; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000601:surgery*; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D012865:Skiing; D019415:Torque; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Strength; aging; muscle weakness; sarcopenia