title: The association of clot lysis time with total obesity is partly independent from the association of PAI-1 with central obesity in African adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preliminary evidence indicates that the association of fibrinolytic potential, measured as clot lysis time (CLT), with body composition may differ from that of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1). We therefore investigated the association between fibrinolytic markers (plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 activity (PAI-1act) and CLT) and body composition using detailed body composition analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 1288 Africans were cross-sectionally analyzed. Body composition analysis included BMI, waist circumference (WC); waist to height ratio (WHtR), skinfolds and body fat percentage measured with air-displacement plethysmography and bioelectrical impedance analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAI-1act and CLT were significantly higher in women than in men, despite adjustment for differences in body composition. PAI-1act and CLT showed similar linear positive relationships with body composition (BMI, WC, WHtR, skinfolds) in men. In women CLT also showed a linear relationship with body composition, while PAI-1act levels plateaued at higher BMI and did not differ across skinfold categories. PAI-1act showed stronger correlations with body composition markers in men than it did in women, while no sex differences existed for CLT. PAI-1act associated more strongly with central obesity, while CLT associated with total body fat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Observed differences may be related to differences in adipose tissue type, distribution and sequence of accumulation between sexes. PAI-1act is strongly influenced by accumulation of visceral adipose tissue, whereas CLT is associated with obesity independent of type and sequence of body fat accumulation in this African adult study population.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa. Electronic address: philna.eksteen@nwu.ac.za.
authors.forename: Philna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eksteen
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa. Electronic address: marlien.pieters@nwu.ac.za.
authors.forename: Marlien
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pieters
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa. Electronic address: zelda.delange@nwu.ac.za.
authors.forename: Zelda
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: de Lange
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa. Electronic address: salome.kruger@nwu.ac.za.
authors.forename: Herculina S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kruger
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D063285:Fibrin Clot Lysis Time / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood*; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human
keywords: Body composition; Clot lysis time; Fibrinolysis; PAI-1