title: Identification of Fungus Resistant Wild Accessions and Interspecific Hybrids of the Genus Arachis.
abstract: Peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., is a protein-rich species consumed worldwide. A key improvement to peanut culture involves the development of cultivars that resist fungal diseases such as rust, leaf spot and scab. Over three years, we evaluated fungal resistance under field conditions of 43 wild accessions and three interspecific hybrids of the genus Arachis, as well as six A. hypogaea genotypes. In the first year, we evaluated resistance to early and late leaf spot, rust and scab. In the second and third years, we evaluated the 18 wild species with the best resistance scores and control cultivar IAC Caiapó for resistance to leaf spot and rust. All wild accessions displayed greater resistance than A. hypogaea but differed in their degree of resistance, even within the same species. We found accessions with as good as or better resistance than A. cardenasii, including: A. stenosperma (V15076 and Sv 3712), A. kuhlmannii (V 6413), A. kempff-mercadoi (V 13250), A. hoehnei (KG 30006), and A. helodes (V 6325). Amphidiploids and hybrids of A. hypogaea behaved similarly to wild species. An additional four accessions deserve further evaluation: A. magna (V 13751 and KG 30097) and A. gregoryi (V 14767 and V 14957). Although they did not display as strong resistance as the accessions cited above, they belong to the B genome type that is crucial to resistance gene introgression and pyramidization in A. hypogaea.
authors.affiliation: Pólo Centro Norte, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Pindorama, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Doniseti
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Michelotto
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Southeast Livestock, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Waldomiro
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barioni
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Forestry,Colombo, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Deon Vilela
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: de Resende
authors.affiliation: Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ignácio José
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: de Godoy
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Scientific Computing, Campus Planaltina, University of Brasília, Planaltina, Federal District, Brasília.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leonardecz
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Southeast Livestock, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Pereira
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Fávero
mesh_terms: D010367:Arachis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology*; D002678:Chimera; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D005658:Fungi; D005838:Genotype; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology