title: Re-infection following sustained virological response with a different hepatitis C virus genotype: implications for infection control policy.
abstract: We report the case of a 45-year-old haemodialysis patient who achieved a sustained virological response (SVR) following pegylated interferon therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 infection. He was subsequently cohorted with other HCV-infected dialysis patients and became re-infected with HCV genotype 3a. Epidemiological and molecular investigations identified a highly viraemic HCV genotype 3a-infected dialysis patient as the likely source of this infection. This critical incident informed a revision to local and national infection control policy regarding the dialysis management of patients who achieve an SVR following anti-viral treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: O'Shaughnessy
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: O'Regan
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Frank E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.affiliation: National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Jeff A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Connell
authors.affiliation: National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Margaret P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Veronica M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dwyer
authors.affiliation: Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Lelia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Conlon
keywords: dialysis; hepatitis C; infection control; re-infection; sustained virological response