title: Coenzyme Q10 consumption promotes ABCG1-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in healthy volunteers.
abstract: METHODS
  We have recently shown that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) enhances macrophage reverse cholesterol transport via activator protein-1/miRNA-378/ABCG1 signal pathway in vivo and in vitro. Whether CoQ10 exerts similar beneficial effects in human is currently unknown. The present study evaluated the effect of CoQ10 on ABCG1-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux in 20 healthy volunteers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were given 100 mg CoQ10 twice daily or placebo for 1 week with a 1-week washout period. Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were differentiated under pooled sera obtained before (preCoQ10) or after CoQ10 (postCoQ10) consumption. The CoQ10-induced inhibition of MDMs foam cell formation was blocked by ABCG1 silencing in postCoQ10 MDMs incubated with postCoQ10 sera compared to preCoQ10 sera. The cholesterol efflux to HDL, and mRNA as well as protein expressions of ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) were augmented in postCoQ10 MDMs incubated with postCoQ10 sera compared to preCoQ10 sera. The change in the serum CoQ10 concentration positively correlated with cholesterol efflux to HDL and ABCG1 mRNA level in the CoQ10 group. MDMs treated with purified CoQ10 had an enhanced cholesterol efflux to HDL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CoQ10 consumption may have an atheroprotective property by inducing ABCG1 expression and enhancing HDL-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux in healthy individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Chronic Diseases, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China.|Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Tianran
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xinwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xilan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, P. R. China.|Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dongliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Chronic Diseases, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China.|Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huihua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, P. R. China.|Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ling
mesh_terms: D000070998:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005487:Foam Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020868:Gene Silencing; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C419353:ABCG1 protein, human; D000070998:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014451:Ubiquinone; C024989:coenzyme Q10
keywords: ABCG1; Atherosclerosis; Coenzyme Q10; Cross-over study; Macrophage cholesterol efflux