title: The relationship between childbirth self-efficacy and aspects of well-being, birth interventions and birth outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  this study aimed to examine how women׳s childbirth self-efficacy beliefs relate to aspects of well-being during the third trimester of pregnancy and whether there was any association between childbirth self-efficacy and obstetric factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  a cross-sectional design was used. The data was obtained through the distribution of a composite questionnaire and antenatal and birth records.
  
  
  METHODS
  data were recruited from antenatal health-care clinics in Halland, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  a consecutive sample of 406 pregnant women was recruited at the end of pregnancy at gestational weeks of 35-42.
  
  
  METHODS
  five different measures were used; the Swedish version of Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire, the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, the Maternity Social Support Scale and finally the Profile of Mood States.
  
  
  RESULTS
  results showed that childbirth self-efficacy was correlated with positive dimensions as vigour, sense of coherence and maternal support and negatively correlated with previous mental illness, negative mood states and fear of childbirth. Women who reported high childbirth self-efficacy had less epidural analgesia during childbirth, compared to women with low self-efficacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  this study highlights that childbirth self-efficacy is a positive dimension that interplays with other aspects and contributes to well-being during pregnancy and thereby, acts as an asset in the context of childbirth.
authors.affiliation: Halland Hospital Halmstad, SE-301 85 Halmstad, Sweden; School of Social and Health Sciences, Halmstad University, SE-823, SE-301 18 Halmstad, Sweden; Department of Women׳s and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: ing-marie.carlsson@hh.se.
authors.forename: Ing-Marie
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.affiliation: School of Social and Health Sciences, Halmstad University, SE-823, SE-301 18 Halmstad, Sweden. Electronic address: kristina.ziegert@hh.se.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ziegert
authors.affiliation: Department of Women׳s and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: eva.nissen@ki.se.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nissen
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D036801:Parturition / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000523:psychology*; D037841:Pregnant People / Q000523:psychology*; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Childbirth; Epidural; Obstetric outcomes; Pregnancy; Self-efficacy; Well-being