title: The first case of endophthalmitis due to Rhinocladiella basitona in an immunocompetent patient.
abstract: Rhinocladiella, a genus of black yeast-like fungi, is related to many infections in humans, including not only mild cutaneous lesions but also fatal brain infections. However, endophthalmitis caused by Rhinocladiella has never been reported by far. Herein, we present the first case of endophthalmitis due to Rhinocladiella basitona. The diagnosis was based on histopathology, mycology, and molecular identification. A 53-year-old female was struck by a piece of wood in her right eye. The wound in the central cornea became an ulcer and was aggravated continuously. Hyphae were found in the corneal scraping smear. Then endophthalmitis occurred and could not be controlled by the combined intravitreal antibiotic injections and vitrectomy. Finally, penetrating keratoplasty combined with retinal reattachment surgery was performed. Topical and systemic antifungal agents were administered for more than 1 month. The patient was cured, with improved visual acuity and clear corneal graft.
authors.affiliation: The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. Electronic address: qdliumengyang@163.com.
authors.forename: Mengyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Shengjie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003315:Cornea / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015807:Eye Injuries, Penetrating / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
keywords: Fungal endophthalmitis; Penetrating keratoplasty; Rhinocladiella basitona