title: FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INDISCRIMINATE FRIENDLINESS IN HIGH-RISK CHILDREN.
abstract: Indiscriminate friendliness (IF) refers to a lack of reticence with strangers and is well-documented in neglected children. This risky behavior is distinct from attachment insecurity, and persists when parenting/caregiving improves. A previous review has suggested that caregiving quality is not associated with IF. This review aimed to explore factors associated with IF and whether quality of caregiving is important. Ten articles were reviewed using the S.H. Downs and N. Black (1998) Checklist for randomized and nonrandomized studies. Overall quality was high. Results showed that IF is present in fostered populations and postinstitutionalized children. Attachment security was not associated with IF. Length of time in institution and inhibitory control were associated with IF. Inhibitory control moderated the association between IF and number of caregivers. Genetic factors predispose children to IF and may impact on persistence. Quality of caregiving was associated with IF. Emotional availability (i.e., the degree to which carer and child are able to respond to each other's emotional signals) predicted IF. Limitations across studies included heterogeneity in IF measurement and unreliable measures of preadoptive care. Parenting may be a useful target for intervention. Future research should focus on developing a standardized measure of IF as well as evaluating a parental intervention.
authors.affiliation: University of Glasgow.
authors.forename: Leighanne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Love
authors.affiliation: University of Glasgow.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minnis
authors.affiliation: University of Glasgow.
authors.forename: Suzy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'connor
mesh_terms: D017028:Caregivers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002674:Child, Institutionalized / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D033062:Friends / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009769:Object Attachment; D019962:Reactive Attachment Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Amistad Indiscriminada, Trastorno de Actitud Social Desinhibida, Trastorno de Afectividad Reactiva, Calidad del Cuidado; Propension à l’amitié sans discrimination, Trouble de l’Engagement Social sans Inibition, Trouble de l’attachement réactif, Qualité des soins; indiscriminate friendliness, disinhibited social engagement disorder, reactive attachment disorder, quality of care; undifferenzierte Freundlichkeit, Störung des Sozialverhaltens mit Enthemmung, reaktive Bindungsstörung, Pflegequalität; 無區別的友善, 去抑制型社會參與疾患, 反應性依附疾患, 看護質素; 無差別的な友好性, 脱抑制型対人交流障害, 反応性愛着障害, 養育の質