title: Liver Failure Impairs the Intrahepatic Elimination of Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Hepatocyte Growth Factor, and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta.
abstract: The strategic location of the liver and its metabolic activity make it a key organ regulating homeostasis. Our purpose was to examine its participation in removal of cytokines: interleukin-6 (Il-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) from the portal circulation in human. 20 liver donors and 20 patients with end-stage liver failure were included in the study. Their blood was collected during liver transplantation from the portal, hepatic, and peripheral vein, and the hepatic artery and cytokines' concentrations were determined. Using the results the mathematical model of cytokine elimination by the liver was developed. In donors significantly lower levels of IL-6, TNF-α, HGF, and TGF-β were detected in portal blood compared to hepatic vein. In patients with cirrhosis there were no significant differences of IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β levels between portal and hepatic veins. Significantly higher level of HGF in hepatic compared to portal vein was observed. In healthy liver elimination of the cytokines prevailed over their synthesis, as reflected by the positive values of the elimination ratios. In the cirrhotic liver elimination ratios of Il-6, HGF, and TGF-β were negative indicating the prevalence of intrahepatic synthesis of cytokines over their removal.
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Institute, Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Porowski
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Institute, Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wirkowska
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Institute, Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9027-9417
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hryniewiecka
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrological Nursing, Medical University of Warsaw, 8 Oczki Street, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wyzgał
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Institute, Department of General and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pacholczyk
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Institute, Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pączek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011169:Portal Vein; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: C066855:HGF protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; C439524:TNF protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor