title: Open Versus Closed Septorhinoplasty Approaches for Postoperative Edema and Ecchymosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare periorbital edema and ecchymosis seen after closed (endonasal) and open (external) septorhinoplasty (SRP).
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 50 patients undergoing hump extraction and osteotomies were allocated to 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 25 patients who underwent closed SRP. Group 2 consisted of 25 patients who underwent open SRP. Operation time, amount of intraoperative bleeding, and complications were recorded. Scoring of eyelid edema and periorbital ecchymosis was evaluated on the first, third, and seventh postoperative days using a scale of 0 to 4 by the first author.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age, sex, or operation time. No significant difference was observed clinically or statistically in the scores of periorbital edema or ecchymosis between groups 1 and 2 on the first, third, and seventh postoperative days (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors observed no clinically or statistically significant difference in comparing periorbital edema and ecchymosis seen after closed and open SRP.
authors.affiliation: *Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Elazig †Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eskisehir ‡Medipol University, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Istanbul §Eskisehir Military Hospital, ENT Department, Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Öner
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Sakallioğlu
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cingi
authors.forename: Cahit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soylu
authors.forename: Abdulvahap
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akyigit
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soken
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004438:Ecchymosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult