title: [Imaging evaluation on adaptability of proximal humeral anatomy after shoulder replacement with individualized shoulder prosthesis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Modern shoulder prosthesis has evolved through four generations. And the fourth generation technology has a core three-dimensional design of restoring 3D reconstruction of proximal humeral anatomy. Thus a new shoulder prosthesis is developed on the basis of the technology of 3D prosthesis. Assessment of whether shoulder prosthesis can restore individualized reconstruction of proximal humeral anatomy is based on the adaptability of proximal humeral anatomy. To evaluate the adaptability of proximal humeral anatomy through measuring the parameters of proximal humeral anatomy after shoulder replacement with individualized shoulder prosthesis and compare with normal data.
  
  
  METHODS
  The parameters of proximal humeral anatomy were analyzed and evaluated for a total of 12 cases undergoing shoulder replacement with individualized shoulder prosthesis. The relevant anatomical parameters included neck-shaft angle (NSA), retroversion angle (RA), humeral head height (HH) and humeral head diameter (HD). And the anatomical parameters were compared with the data from normal side.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All underwent shoulder replacement with individualized shoulder prosthesis. The postoperative parameters of proximal humeral anatomy were compared with those of normal side. And the difference of NSA was < 3°, RA < 3°, HH < 3 mm and HD < 2 mm. And paired-sample t test was used to study the parameters of proximal humeral anatomy between postoperative and normal side. The normal and postoperative NSA was (140.2 ± 6.8)° and (139.5 ± 6.6)° respectively, RA (34.4 ± 3.3)° and (33.8-3.1)°, HH (15.3 ± 2.1) mm and (14.6+0.9) mm, HW (42.2 ± 2.82) mm and (41.8 ± 2.33) mm respectively. No significant difference existed between two groups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individualized shoulder prosthesis has excellent adaptability to shoulder. All core parameters are freely adjustable and specification models may be optimized. With matching tools, individualized shoulder prosthesis improves the accuracy and reliability in shoulder replacement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sports Injuries Institute of Chongqing, Orthopedic Center of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Youxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sports Injuries Institute of Chongqing, Orthopedic Center of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Email: tangkanglai@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kanglai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sports Injuries Institute of Chongqing, Orthopedic Center of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Chengsong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sports Injuries Institute of Chongqing, Orthopedic Center of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sports Injuries Institute of Chongqing, Orthopedic Center of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Huaqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sports Injuries Institute of Chongqing, Orthopedic Center of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sports Injuries Institute of Chongqing, Orthopedic Center of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Yupeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement; D006801:Humans; D058430:Humeral Head; D006811:Humerus; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D009333:Neck; D011184:Postoperative Period; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012782:Shoulder; D012785:Shoulder Joint