title: Maternal dexamethasone exposure ameliorates cognition and tau pathology in the offspring of triple transgenic AD mice.
abstract: Dysregulation of stress hormones, such as glucocorticoids, in adult life increases the risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the effect of prenatal glucocorticoids exposure on AD development in the offspring remains unknown. We studied how gestational dexamethasone exposure influences the AD-like phenotype in the offspring of triple transgenic AD mice (3 × Tg). To this end, female mice received dexamethasone or vehicle during the entire pregnancy time in the drinking water. Offspring from vehicle-treated 3 × Tg (controls) were compared with offspring from dexamethasone-treated 3 × Tg later in life for their memory, learning ability and brain pathology. Compared with controls, offspring from dexamethasone-treated mothers displayed improvement in their memory as assessed by fear conditioning test, both in the cue and recall phases. The same animals had a significant reduction in the insoluble fraction of tau, which was associated with an increase in autophagy. In addition, they showed an activation of the transcription factor cellular response element-binding protein and an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and c-FOS protein levels, key regulators of synaptic plasticity and memory. We conclude that dexamethasone exposure during pregnancy provides long-lasting protection against the onset and development of the AD-like phenotype by improving cognition and tau pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Meco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lauretti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Praticò
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D053764:Presenilin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D024801:Tauopathies / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; C508853:PSEN1 protein, human; D053764:Presenilin-1; D016875:tau Proteins; D003907:Dexamethasone