title: Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of MUTYH, hOGG1 and NEIL1 genes, and depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An elevated levels oxidative modified DNA bases and a decreased efficiency of oxidative DNA damage repair were found in patients with depression disorders, including recurrent type (rDD). The glycosylases are involved in base excision repair (BER), which eliminates oxidative DNA damage. Therefore, we genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes encoding three glycosylases: hOGG1, MUTYH and NEIL1.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected three polymorphisms: c.977C > G - hOGG1 (rs1052133), c.972G > C - MUTYH (rs3219489) and c.*589G > C - NEIL1 (rs4462560). A total of 555 DNA samples (257 cases and 298 controls) were genotyped using TaqMan probes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The C/C genotype and allele C of the c.*589G > C decreased the risk of rDD occurrence, while the G/G genotype and allele G of the same SNP increased the risk. This polymorphism had a stronger association with early-onset depression (patients with first episode <35 years of age) than with late-onset depression (first episode ≥ 35 years of age). We did not find any significant differences in distribution of alleles and genotypes of other SNPs; however, the G/G genotype of the c.972G > C increased the risk of late-onset rDD. We also found that combined genotype C/C-C/C of c.977C > G and c.*589G > C significantly reduced the risk of rDD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Limited sample size and ethnic homogeneity of the studied population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to show that SNPs of genes involved in DNA repair, particularly in BER pathway, may modulate the risk of rDD. These results further support the hypothesis on the involvement of DNA repair mechanisms in pathogenesis of depression.
authors.affiliation: University of Lodz, Department of Molecular Genetics, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Czarny
authors.affiliation: University of Lodz, Department of Molecular Genetics, Poland.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kwiatkowski
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galecki
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talarowska
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poland.
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orzechowska
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poland.
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bobinska
authors.affiliation: Non-public Medical Center "Akoria", Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bielecka-Kowalska
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szemraj
authors.affiliation: IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan-Pin
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: University of Lodz, Department of Molecular Genetics, Poland. Electronic address: tomsliw@biol.uni.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sliwinski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000235:genetics*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C473634:NEIL1 protein, human; C061738:mutY adenine glycosylase; C479058:oxoguanine glycosylase 1, human
keywords: BER; DNA damage; DNA repair; Depression; Glycosylases