title: Understanding GINA and How GINA Affects Nurses.
abstract: The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) is a federal law that became fully effective in 2009 and is intended to prevent employers and health insurers from discriminating against individuals based on their genetic or family history. The article discusses the sections of GINA, what information constitutes genetic information, who enforces GINA, and scenarios in which GINA does not apply. Also discussed are the instances in which an employer may request genetic information from employees, including wellness or genetic monitoring programs. Finally, the article offers a look at how GINA affects nurses who are administering wellness or genetic monitoring programs on behalf of employers.
authors.forename: Kayla L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Delk
mesh_terms: D035082:Federal Government; D000068617:Genetic Background; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
keywords: best practices; case management; chronic illnesses; health education; legal parameters (EMR, negligence, nurse practice acts); occupational health and safety programs; occupational health and safety team