title: Global perspectives on clinical adoption of NIPT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goals of this study were to assess global trends in clinical implementation of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), as commercial tests are marketed increasingly worldwide, and to identify potential challenges for current or future use.
  
  
  METHODS
  We surveyed clinicians from 46 countries about the availability of NIPT, their experiences with using NIPT, and their views on clinical, ethical, and legal issues affecting implementation in their countries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-nine respondents from 28 countries completed the survey. The majority reported that NIPT is available in their country (n = 43) and that they offer NIPT in their current practice (n = 38). Eighteen respondents from 14 countries reported that there are plans to introduce NIPT into routine prenatal care in their country. Test prices varied widely, ranging from $350 to $2900, and several respondents observed that high test prices limited or restricted widespread use of NIPT. Responses varied both across and within countries regarding who is offered NIPT and what the overall screening protocol should be.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides a snapshot of current use and experiences with NIPT globally. It also highlights differences in service provision that exists both across and within countries, emphasizing the need for developing national and international implementation guidelines for NIPT.
authors.affiliation: Duke Science & Society, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Mollie A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Minear
authors.affiliation: Genomic and Genetic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Subarna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pradhan
authors.affiliation: Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Subhashini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandrasekharan
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D008297:Male; D062145:Maternal Serum Screening Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires