title: Monitoring of Ebola Virus Makona Evolution through Establishment of Advanced Genomic Capability in Liberia.
abstract: To support Liberia's response to the ongoing Ebola virus (EBOV) disease epidemic in Western Africa, we established in-country advanced genomic capabilities to monitor EBOV evolution. Twenty-five EBOV genomes were sequenced at the Liberian Institute for Biomedical Research, which provided an in-depth view of EBOV diversity in Liberia during September 2014-February 2015. These sequences were consistent with a single virus introduction to Liberia; however, shared ancestry with isolates from Mali indicated at least 1 additional instance of movement into or out of Liberia. The pace of change is generally consistent with previous estimates of mutation rate. We observed 23 nonsynonymous mutations and 1 nonsense mutation. Six of these changes are within known binding sites for sequence-based EBOV medical countermeasures; however, the diagnostic and therapeutic impact of EBOV evolution within Liberia appears to be low.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kugelman
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Wiley
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mate
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ladner
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beitzel
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fakoli
authors.forename: Fahn
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Taweh
authors.forename: Karla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Diclaro
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minogue
authors.forename: Randal J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schoepp
authors.forename: Kurt E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Schaecher
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pettitt
authors.forename: Stacey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bateman
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fair
authors.forename: Jens H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hensley
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Pardis C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Sabeti
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Lockhart
authors.forename: Fatorma K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Bolay
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palacios
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005814:Genes, Viral; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007988:Liberia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents
keywords: Ebola virus; Liberia; filovirus; genomics; negative-strand RNA virus; viral countermeasures; viral hemorrhagic fever; viruses