title: Effect of in-painting on cortical thickness measurements in multiple sclerosis: A large cohort study.
abstract: A comprehensive analysis of the effect of lesion in-painting on the estimation of cortical thickness using magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a large cohort of 918 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients who participated in a phase III multicenter clinical trial. An automatic lesion in-painting algorithm was developed and implemented. Cortical thickness was measured using the FreeSurfer pipeline with and without in-painting. The effect of in-painting was evaluated using FreeSurfer's paired analysis pipeline. Multivariate regression analysis was also performed with field strength and lesion load as additional factors. Overall, the estimated cortical thickness was different with in-painting than without. The effect of in-painting was observed to be region dependent, more significant in the left hemisphere compared to the right, was more prominent at 1.5 T relative to 3 T, and was greater at higher lesion volumes. Our results show that even for data acquired at 1.5 T in patients with high lesion load, the mean cortical thickness difference with and without in-painting is ∼2%. Based on these results, it appears that in-painting has only a small effect on the estimated regional and global cortical thickness. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3749-3760, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Koushik A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Govindarajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Sushmita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Khader M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Sangbum
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rahbar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Stacey S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Cofield
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Cutter
authors.affiliation: The Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Fred D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Lublin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Jerry S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wolinsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Ponnada A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Narayana
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000473:pathology*; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000473:pathology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: FreeSurfer; cortical thickness; lesion in-painting; multiple sclerosis; multiple sclerosis lesions