title: Central Hypersomnia.
abstract: Sleepiness is not uncommon in the pediatric population. Although the etiology can be multifactorial, sleepiness due to increased sleep drive, also called central hypersomnia, is a common cause. The third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders updated the diagnostic criteria for several of the central disorders of hypersomnolence, most notably narcolepsy. Although the International Classification Of Sleep Disorders-3 is not specific to pediatric patients, the peak incidence for many of the included disorders occurs during childhood or adolescence. As a result, recognition of these lifelong and potentially debilitating disorders is imperative for providers who evaluate pediatric patients. This review provides an update on recent advances in the field and highlights some of the diagnostic dilemmas, unique clinical features, and variable presentations associated with central disorders of hypersomnolence within the pediatric population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children׳s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. Electronic address: Thomas.Dye@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Dye
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children׳s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
authors.forename: Sejal V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY; Pediatric Sleep Program, Comprehensive Epilepsy & Sleep Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Sanjeev V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kothare
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans