title: Plasma-Assisted Synthesis of High-Mobility Atomically Layered Violet Phosphorus.
abstract: Two-dimensional layered materials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and black phosphorus have demonstrated outstanding properties due to electron confinement as the thickness is reduced to atomic scale. Among the phosphorus allotropes, black phosphorus, and violet phosphorus possess layer structure with the potential to be scaled down to atomically thin film. For the first time, the plasma-assisted synthesis of atomically layered violet phosphorus has been achieved. Material characterization supports the formation of violet phosphorus/InN over InP substrate where the layer structure of violet phosphorus is clearly observed. The identification of the crystal structure and lattice constant ratifies the formation of violet phosphorus indeed. The critical concept of this synthesis method is the selective reaction induced by different variations of Gibbs free energy (ΔG) of reactions. Besides, the Hall mobility of the violet phosphorus on the InP substrate greatly increases over the theoretical values of InP bulk material without much reduction in the carrier concentration, suggesting that the mobility enhancement results from the violet phosphorus layers. Furthermore, this study demonstrates a low-cost technique with high compatibility to synthesize the high-mobility atomically layered violet phosphorus and open the space for the study of the fundamental properties of this intriguing material as a new member of the fast growing family of 2D crystals.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Hsu-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chih-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Ching-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Teng-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Tai-Hsiang
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Jenq-Horng
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: †Department of Material Science and Engineering, ‡Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, and §Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yu-Lun
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chueh
keywords: mobility; plasma; selective reaction; two-dimensional materials; violet phosphorus