title: A rare case of endometrioma in a bitch.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endometriosis is ectopic development of endometrial glands and stroma in extra-uterine sites and if the lesions occur as a well-defined mass is referred to as endometrioma. In the literature, endometrioma has been reported in only women and there are no reports of endometrioma in animals, including non-human primates.
  
  
  METHODS
  A rare case of endometrioma is reported in an 11-year-old female German Shepherd with clinical signs of dehydration, anemia and prostration. Necropsy revealed ascites, generalized pallor, and a well-demarcated reddish mass adjacent to the left ovary and uterus and adherent to the retroperitoneum. The mass measured 25.0 × 20.0 cm with intermingled soft and firm areas. Upon incision, the mass was found to be solid with variable sized cystic cavities filled with coagulated blood. Microscopically, the mass was composed of cuboidal or prismatic epithelial cells arranged in tubules or acini. The epithelium of the mass had similar characteristics to the normal endometrium with PAS-positive secretions. The stroma was prominent and formed by loose connective tissue and smooth muscle fibers as confirmed by Masson trichrome. Extensive multifocal areas of hemorrhage were also observed in the stroma of the mass and in the interior of some epithelium-lined, cystic structures. Most of the epithelial cells had strong and diffuse cytokeratin expression, and some had vimentin expression. Epithelial and stromal cells also showed ERβ, AR, VEGF and COX2 expression. The stroma showed areas with strong and diffuse vimentin expression. Factor VIII expression was observed only in the endothelium of blood vessels in the stroma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The macroscopic, microscopic and immunohistochemical findings are consistent with an endometrioma.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia do Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP: 30.161-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. drbrunopaiva@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bruno H A
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia do Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP: 30.161-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. juneo.silva@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Juneo F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia do Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP: 30.161-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. nataliaocarino@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Natália M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ocarino
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia da Reprodução do Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP: 30.161-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. cleida@icb.ufmg.br.
authors.forename: Cleida A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia da Reprodução do Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP: 30.161-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. w8alves@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Wiviane A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Assis
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia do Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP: 30.161-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. serakidesufmg@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rogéria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Serakides
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*