title: Postprandial prolactin suppression appears absent in antipsychotic-treated male patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hyperprolactinemia is a common side-effect of antipsychotic treatment. Antipsychotics and hyperprolactinemia are both considered risk factors of metabolic disturbances and diabetes. Investigations on prolactin response to meal ingestion in antipsychotic-treated patients are missing.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case-control design, 49 antipsychotic-treated, clinically stable, non-diabetic, schizophrenia spectrum male patients were compared with 93 healthy male controls by age (33.1, SD 7.4 vs. 32.9, SD 6.6 years), body mass index (26.2, SD 4.6 vs. 26.1, SD 3.9 kg/m(2)) and waist circumference (96.4, SD 13.0 vs. 96.7, SD 11.9 cm). Serum-prolactin was measured in the morning and 90 min after ingestion of a standardized liquid meal (2268 kJ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fasting prolactin levels varied considerably, and mean fasting prolactin levels did not significantly differ between patients and controls (12.33, SD 11.58 vs. 10.06, SD 8.67 ng/ml, p = 0.623). In the controls, postprandial serum prolactin was significantly reduced (Δ -2.53, SD 9.75 ng/ml, p = 0.016). In antipsychotic-treated patients postprandial serum prolactin tended to increase (Δ 2.62, SD 10.96 ng/ml, p = 0.081). Analyses of subgroups based on the prolactinogenic liability of their antipsychotic treatment indicated 22 to 65% higher postprandial prolactin levels with high and intermediate prolactinogenic antipsychotics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A physiological postprandial suppression of serum prolactin appears absent in antipsychotic-treated males. Marked variability in fasting prolactin levels may reflect individual variations in the diurnal cycle. Uniform acquisition procedures accounting for diurnal variation and food intake may enhance reliability of prolactin levels in antipsychotic-treated male patients.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark; Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Department O, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Klara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Coello
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark; Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Brian V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Broberg
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark; Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Nikolaj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Herlev Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Henrik B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Birgitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Søgaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Pal B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Szecsi
authors.affiliation: Center for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Filip K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Knop
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lublin
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark; Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark. Electronic address: bebdrup@cnsr.dk.
authors.forename: Bjørn H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Ebdrup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000187:drug effects*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D011388:Prolactin
keywords: Antipsychotics; Fasting; Males; Meal-response; Prolactin; Schizophrenia spectrum