title: Effect of acute sleep deprivation on left atrial mechanics assessed by three-dimensional echocardiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although sleep deprivation (SD) affects cardiovascular system in many ways, physio-pathological changes in cardiac chamber volume and function have not been described well. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of SD on left atrial (LA) and ventricular function with three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two healthy individuals (12 females, mean age 33.25 ± 8.18) were evaluated. Echocardiographic examination was performed once after a night of regular sleep and a night of sleep debt. Beside conventional parameters, 3D phasic volumes and function were measured using a commercially available 3D echocardiography system and offline analysis software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean sleep duration of the study group was 8.15 ± 2.19 h in the day of regular sleep and 2.56 ± 2.25 h in the day of sleep deprivation. There was a significant prolongation in deceleration time (180.83 ± 15.34 vs. 166.44 ± 26.12; p = 0.044) and increase in E/e' (6.95 ± 1.26 vs. 6.38 ± 0.85; p = 0.005). Among 3D measurements, the difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), LA EF, LA reservoir function and LA active EF were not significant. Mean LA passive EF of the individuals was significantly lower after night shift (24.10 ± 7.66 vs. 31.49 ± 7.75; p = 0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute SD is associated with a reduction in LA passive emptying function in healthy adults. 3D-derived indices were sufficient to show subclinical diastolic dysfunction according to impairment in passive phase of LA ejection. Prospective large-scale studies are needed to enlighten this issue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey. acincin@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Altug
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cincin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sunbul
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kepez
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oguz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sert
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Beste
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozben
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kursat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tigen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yelda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Basaran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*; D002306:Cardiac Volume / Q000502:physiology; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Diastolic dysfunction; Echocardiography; Left atrial volume; Left atrium; Sleep deprivation