title: The Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Factors in Bhutan, Vietnam, and Myanmar Is Related to Gastric Cancer Incidence.
abstract: Gastric cancer is a significant health problem in Asia. Although the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is similar in Bhutan, Vietnam, and Myanmar, the incidence of gastric cancer is highest in Bhutan, followed by Vietnam and Myanmar. We hypothesized that H. pylori virulence factors contribute to the differences. The status of cagA, vacA, jhp0562, and β-(1,3)galT(jhp0563) was examined in 371 H. pylori-infected patients from Bhutan, Vietnam, and Myanmar. Each virulence factor could not explain the difference of the incidence of gastric cancer. However, the prevalence of quadruple-positive for cagA, vacA s1, vacA m1, and jhp0562-positive/β-(1,3)galT-negative was significantly higher in Bhutan than in Vietnam and Myanmar and correlated with gastric cancer incidence. Moreover, gastritis-staging scores measured by histology of gastric mucosa were significantly higher in quadruple-positive strains. We suggest that the cagA, vacA s1, vacA m1, and jhp0562-positive/β-(1,3)galT-negative genotype may play a role in the development of gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan ; Department of Molecular Biology, 108 Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Tran Thi Huyen
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Trang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiota
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Miyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan ; Department of Endoscopy, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Tran Thanh
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Binh
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Rumiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
authors.forename: Ratha-korn
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Vilaichone
authors.affiliation: GI and Liver Center, Bangkok Medical Center, Bangkok 10310, Thailand.
authors.forename: Varocha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mahachai
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan.
authors.forename: Lotay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tshering
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Ho D Q
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Dung
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 897-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Matsunari
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Yangon General Hospital, Yangon 11131, Myanmar.
authors.forename: Thein
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Myint
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, 108 Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Vu Van
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Khien
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan ; Department of Medicine-Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 2002 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
mesh_terms: D001631:Bhutan; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005838:Genotype; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D002052:Myanmar; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014744:Vietnam; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors