title: Cost-effective use of investigations in developing countries.
abstract: In recent years, the cost of health care around the world has risen at a rate that is deemed unsustainable. It has been estimated that 20% of this could be saved by rationalising laboratory investigations and reducing inappropriate requisitioning of the investigations. There are several reasons for the excessive, redundant, inappropriate or unnecessary investigations and procedures, which in some instances are unethical practices. The impact in financial terms is more in developing countries such as India with <5% of the population having medical insurance and hardly any other third-party payer system. The 'Choosing Wisely' campaign of the American Board of Internal Medicine, Canadian Rheumatology Association's Choosing Wisely Committee and the 'Society for Less Investigative Medicine' (SLIM) initiative of the doctors of All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, all have provided recommendations to reduce unnecessary investigations, and these are among some of the efforts to reduce the cost of investigations without compromising the quality of care.
authors.affiliation: Joint Disease Service, Department of Rheumatology, ISIC Superspeciality Hospital, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, India. Electronic address: anand_malaviya@yahoo.ocm.
authors.forename: Anand N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Malaviya
authors.affiliation: Joint Disease Service, Department of Rheumatology, ISIC Superspeciality Hospital, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, India.
authors.forename: Sanjiv
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapoor
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000191:economics*; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D010820:Physicians / Q000458:organization & administration
keywords: Choosing wisely; Cost-effective; Developing countries; Imaging; Laboratory investigations