title: [Experiences of stigma and discrimination in patients with first-episode schizophrenia].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with mental illnesses, especially with schizophrenia, suffer from stigma and discrimination. In addition, the stigma is a barrier to recognising and treating patients with first-episode psychosis; however, a self-rating instrument that assesses the general burden due to stigma experiences is still lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of N = 48 patients with first-episode schizophrenia who were participants in the multicenter first-episode (long-term) study within the German Research Network on Schizophrenia, completed a newly developed self-rating questionnaire to assess the burden due to stigma experiences (B-STE). The following variables were analyzed as possible correlates: psychopathology (CGI, PANSS, CDSS and HAM-D), global functioning (GAF), social adjustment (SAS), self-esteem (FSKN), as well as quality of life (LQLP), subjective well-being under neuroleptic treatment (SWN) and anticipated stigma (PDDQ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the participants 25 % showed an increased burden due to stigma experiences, which correlated with a lower quality of life, lower subjective well-being under neuroleptic treatment, lower self-esteem and higher anticipated stigma. The results indicate that patients rated higher on the CGI scale who are at the same time better socially adjusted (SAS), are more intensely affected by the burden due to stigma experiences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The short self-rating instrument burden due to stigma experiences (B-STE) can help to identify patients who might benefit from therapeutic or educational interventions to support coping with stigma experiences.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät, LVR-Klinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine Universität, Bergische Landstr. 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Deutschland. harald.zaeske@lvr.de.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zäske
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Degner
authors.affiliation: Klinik Hennigsdorf, Oberhavel Kliniken GmbH, Hennigsdorf, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jockers-Scherübl
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klingberg
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Köln, Deutschland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klosterkötter
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland.
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland.|Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim, Deutschland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät, LVR-Klinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine Universität, Bergische Landstr. 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gaebel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D063508:Social Discrimination / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013240:Stereotyping
keywords: Burden due to stigma experiences; Global functioning; Scale; Self-rating instrument; Stigma