title: Carotenoid consumption is related to lower lipid oxidation and DNA damage in middle-aged men.
abstract: The present cross-sectional study assessed the potential relationships of carotenoid intake with lipid and oxidative stress markers in middle-aged men. A total of 296 apparently healthy middle-aged men (mean age 50.5 (SD 5.0) years, BMI 25.8 (SD 3.5) kg/m(2)) were recruited to participate in the study. Dietary intake, anthropometry, blood pressure, lifestyle features, blood and urine biomarkers were assessed using validated procedures. The lipid markers included NEFA, Castelli index, and TAG:HDL ratio; oxidative stress markers included urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-iso-PGF2α and plasma oxidised-LDL (ox-LDL). We observed a significant inverse association (P < 0.05) between NEFA concentrations and consumption of lutein plus zeaxanthin, β-carotene, α-carotene and total carotenoid, while Castelli index was negatively associated with daily intake of lycopene, β-carotene and total carotenoids. Regarding oxidative stress biomarkers, urinary 8-OHdG and ox-LDL concentrations were also inversely associated (P < 0.05) with consumption of lycopene, lutein plus zeaxanthin, β-carotene, α-carotene and total carotenoids, regardless of confounding variables. Moreover, there was a negative association of urinary 8-iso-PGF2α concentration with dietary lutein plus zeaxanthin (β - 0.135, 95% CI - 0.268, - 0.001), β-carotene (β - 0.156, 95% CI - 0.277, - 0.034) and with the sum of all carotenoids (β - 0.189, 95% CI - 0.333, - 0.046). In conclusion, total daily carotenoid intake based on five investigated carotenoid types (β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein plus zeaxanthin, β-carotene and α-carotene) was inversely associated with relevant lipid and oxidative stress markers in middle-aged men, with emphasis on β-carotene that was negatively associated with five of the six lipid and oxidative stress markers evaluated in the present study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Avenue PH Rolfs,Viçosa, Minas Gerais36571-900,Brazil.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Cocate
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Viçosa, Minas Gerais,Brazil.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Natali
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Avenue PH Rolfs,Viçosa, Minas Gerais36571-900,Brazil.
authors.forename: R C G
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Alfenas
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education Science and Health,Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei,São João del-Rei,Minas Gerais,Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Viçosa, Minas Gerais,Brazil.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Avenue PH Rolfs,Viçosa, Minas Gerais36571-900,Brazil.
authors.forename: H H M
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hermsdorff
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D014975:Lutein / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D065146:Zeaxanthins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D065146:Zeaxanthins; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D019207:beta Carotene; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D002338:Carotenoids; C041635:alpha-carotene; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D015237:Dinoprost; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; D000077276:Lycopene; D014975:Lutein
keywords: Carotenoids; Food habits; Lipids; Oxidative stress