title: Assessment of competency in endoscopy: establishing and validating generalizable competency benchmarks for colonoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Mayo Colonoscopy Skills Assessment Tool (MCSAT) has previously been used to describe learning curves and competency benchmarks for colonoscopy; however, these data were limited to a single training center. The newer Assessment of Competency in Endoscopy (ACE) tool is a refinement of the MCSAT tool put forth by the Training Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, intended to include additional important quality metrics. The goal of this study is to validate the changes made by updating this tool and establish more generalizable and reliable learning curves and competency benchmarks for colonoscopy by examining a larger national cohort of trainees.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective, multicenter trial, gastroenterology fellows at all stages of training had their core cognitive and motor skills in colonoscopy assessed by staff. Evaluations occurred at set intervals of every 50 procedures throughout the 2013 to 2014 academic year. Skills were graded by using the ACE tool, which uses a 4-point grading scale defining the continuum from novice to competent. Average learning curves for each skill were established at each interval in training and competency benchmarks for each skill were established using the contrasting groups method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-three gastroenterology fellows at 10 U.S. academic institutions had 1061 colonoscopies assessed by using the ACE tool. Average scores of 3.5 were found to be inclusive of all minimal competency thresholds identified for each core skill. Cecal intubation times of less than 15 minutes and independent cecal intubation rates of 90% were also identified as additional competency thresholds during analysis. The average fellow achieved all cognitive and motor skill endpoints by 250 procedures, with >90% surpassing these thresholds by 300 procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nationally generalizable learning curves for colonoscopy skills in gastroenterology fellows are described. Average ACE scores of 3.5, cecal intubation rates of 90%, and intubation times less than 15 minutes are recommended as minimal competency criteria. On average, it takes 250 procedures to achieve competence in colonoscopy. The thresholds found in this multicenter cohort by using the ACE tool are nearly identical to the previously established MCSAT benchmarks and are consistent with recent gastroenterology training recommendations but far higher than current training requirements in other specialties.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Sedlack
authors.affiliation: Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA.
authors.forename: Walter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Coyle
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D019985:Benchmarking / Q000379:methods*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000592:standards*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D059032:Learning Curve; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results