title: The polyphenolic profiles and antioxidant effects of Agastache rugosa Kuntze (Banga) flower, leaf, stem and root.
abstract: Agastache rugosa Kuntze (Korean mint) is used as a spice and in folk medicine in East Asia. The present study identified a total of 18 polyphenols from the flower, leaf, stem and roots of this plant using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Fourteen of these compounds had not previously been identified in these plant tissues. Each polyphenol was validated in comparison with external calibration curves constructed using structurally related compounds, with determination coefficients >0.9993. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.092-0.650 and 0.307-2.167 mg/L, respectively. Recoveries of 61.92-116.44% were observed at two spiking levels, with 0.91-11% precision, expressed as relative standard deviation (except anthraquinone spiked at 10 mg/L). Hydroxycinnamic acid was the most abundant compound in the root, while the flowers showed the highest total flavonoid level. Antioxidant activities, determined in terms of reducing power, Fe(2+) chelating activity and the radical scavenging activities using α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl and 2-2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, increased in a concentration-dependent manner; the highest activity was identified in the stems, followed by leaves > flowers > roots. These findings indicate that A. rugosa is a good source of bioactive compounds and can be used as a functional food.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kebede Taye
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Desta
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Life Sciences and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gon-Sup
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Hi
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences and Gyeongnam Regional Cancer Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Won Sup
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of High Technology Research, Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan, 618-230, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.|Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abd El-Aty
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D031327:Agastache / Q000737:chemistry*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
keywords: Agastache rugosa Kuntze; antioxidant activity; flavonoid; herbal medicine; herbal spice; liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; polyphenol