title: Is Celiac Disease an Etiological Factor in Children with Nonsyndromic Intellectual Disability?
abstract: To determine the prevalence of celiac disease in children and adolescents with nonsyndromic intellectual disability, we investigated serum levels of tissue transglutaminase antibody and total IgA from 232 children with nonsyndromic intellectual disability and in a healthy control group of 239 children. Study participants who were positive for tissue transglutaminase antibody underwent a duodenal biopsy. A total of 3 patients in the nonsyndromic intellectual disability group (5.45%) and 1 in the control group (0.41%) had positive serum tissue transglutaminase antibody (P > .05). Duodenal biopsy confirmed celiac disease in only 1 patient who had nonsyndromic intellectual disability. In this present study, children with nonsyndromic intellectual disability did not exhibit a higher celiac disease prevalence rate compared with healthy controls. Therefore, we suggest that screening test for celiac disease should not be necessary as a part of the management of mild and moderate nonsyndromic intellectual disability. However, cases of severe nonsyndromic intellectual disability could be examined for celiac disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey mdtanersezer@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sezer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Gastroenterology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Balcı
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Gastroenterology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Figen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Özçay
authors.affiliation: Hematology laboratory, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nilufer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bayraktar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Füsun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alehan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007070:Immunoglobulin A
keywords: celiac disease; intellectual disability; tissue transglutaminase IgA