title: Exosome release following activation of the dendritic cell immunoreceptor: a potential role in HIV-1 pathogenesis.
abstract: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that play a role in intercellular communication. Stimulation of dendritic cells by the HIV-1 virus triggers their release. HIV-1 binds to dendritic cells via dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR). This study shows that inhibiting the binding to DCIR significantly decreases exosome release by HIV-1-pulsed dendritic cells. In addition, exosome release from Raji-CD4 expressing DCIR cells stimulated by anti-DCIR or HIV-1 is decreased when the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) signaling motif of DCIR is mutated. Unlike the EVs released from Raji-CD4-DCIR cells after antibody stimulation, those released from HIV-1-infected cells contain the pro-apoptotic protein DAP-3. Furthermore, EVs from HIV-1 pulsed dendritic cells increase spontaneous apoptosis in uninfected CD4 T lymphocytes while they decrease it in neutrophils. This study describes for the first time that DCIR plays a role in the release of exosomes strengthening the importance of this receptor and EVs/exosomes in HIV-1 pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology-Immunology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Claude M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mfunyi
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology-Immunology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vaillancourt
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology-Immunology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vitry
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology-Immunology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Thy-René
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Nsimba Batomene
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology-Immunology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Alma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Posvandzic
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology-Immunology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Alexandra A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology-Immunology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: caroline.gilbert@crchudequebec.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gilbert
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D053585:Virus Attachment
chemical_list: D011971:Receptors, Immunologic
keywords: AIDS; Apoptosis; CD4 T lymphocytes; DCIR; Dendritic cells; Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; HIV-1; Neutrophils