title: Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis.
abstract: Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic, inflammatory, rheumatic disease that can reduce the quality of life and increase the risk of disability and mortality. It also causes direct and indirect economic losses due to health expenses and as a result of workforce loss. Management of this disease consists of pharmacological and nonpharmacological modalities. Until recently, pharmacological treatment options have been very limited. However, development of novel biological drugs revolutionized the management of this disease. The aim of this review article is to present an updated overview of the pharmacologic treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Nonpharmacological treatment modalities including physiotherapy and exercise are only briefly mentioned and surgical treatment is not discussed.
authors.forename: İsmail
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.forename: Mehmet Akif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Öztürk
authors.forename: Nurullah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akkoç
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha