title: Simultaneous Removal of Lindane, Lead and Cadmium from Soils by Rhamnolipids Combined with Citric Acid.
abstract: This study investigated the performance of rhamnolipids-citric acid mixed agents in simultaneous desorption of lindane and heavy metals from soils. The capacity of the mixed agents to solubilize lindane, lead and cadmium in aqueous solution was also explored. The results showed that the presence of citric acid greatly enhanced the solubilization of lindane and cadmium by rhamnolipids. A combined effect of the mixed agents on lindane and heavy metals removal from soils was observed. The maximum desorption ratios for lindane, cadmium and lead were 85.4%, 76.4% and 28.1%, respectively, for the mixed agents containing 1% rhamnolipidsand 0.1 mol/L citric acid. The results also suggest that the removal efficiencies of lead and cadmium were strongly related to their speciations in soils, and metals in the exchangeable and carbonate forms were easier to be removed. Our study suggests that the combining use of rhamnolipids and citric acid is a promising alternative to simultaneously remove organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals from soils.
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Jinzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Die
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Rongrong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Shengtian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yusuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002104:Cadmium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007854:Lead / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D006017:Glycolipids; D007306:Insecticides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C418382:rhamnolipid; D002104:Cadmium; D019343:Citric Acid; D007854:Lead; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane