title: Markers of Oxidative Stress and Neuroprogression in Depression Disorder.
abstract: Major depression is multifactorial disorder with high prevalence and alarming prognostic in the nearest 15 years. Several mechanisms of depression are known. Neurotransmitters imbalance and imbalance between neuroprogressive and neuroprotective factors are observed in major depression. Depression is accompanied by inflammatory responses of the organism and consequent elevation of proinflammatory cytokines and increased lipid peroxidation are described in literature. Neuropsychiatric disorders including major depression are also associated with telomerase shortening, oxidative changes in nucleotides, and polymorphisms in several genes connected to metabolism of reactive oxygen species. Mitochondrion dysfunction is directly associated with increasing levels of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays significant role in pathophysiology of major depression via actions of free radicals, nonradical molecules, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Products of oxidative stress represent important parameters for measuring and predicting of depression status as well as for determining effectiveness of administrated antidepressants. Positive effect of micronutrients, vitamins, and antioxidants in depression treatment is also reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Magdaléna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vaváková
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Zdeňka
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6956-7038
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ďuračková
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Comenius University and Child University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Limbová 1, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trebatická
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014815:Vitamins; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase