title: Acyclic N-halamine-immobilized polyurethane: Preparation and antimicrobial and biofilm-controlling functions.
abstract: Hydroxyl groups were introduced onto polyurethane surfaces through 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate activation, followed by diethanolamine hydroxylation. Polymethacrylamide was covalently attached to the hydroxylated polyurethane through surface grafting polymerization of methacrylamide using cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate as an initiator. After bleach treatment, the amide groups of the covalently bound polymethacrylamide chains were transformed into N-halamines. The new N-halamine-immobilized polyurethane provided a total sacrifice of 107-108colony forming units per milliliter ofStaphylococcus aureus(Gram-positive bacteria),Escherichia coli(Gram-negative bacteria), andCandida albicans(fungi) within 10 min and successfully prevented bacterial and fungal biofilm formation. The antimicrobial and biofilm-controlling effects were both durable and rechargeable, pointing to great potentials of the new acyclic N-halamine-immobilized polyurethane for a broad range of related applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Nuala
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Porteous
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jiajin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Yuyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
keywords: N-halamine; Polyurethane; antimicrobial; biofilm; grafting; methacrylamide