title: Recurrent gallstone ileus due to a residual gallstone: A case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mechanical small bowel obstruction is an uncommon but important complication of cholelithiasis. Recurrent gallstone ileus has historically been considered a rare occurrence; however, the incidence is likely to be underreported and the condition carries a high mortality rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a case in which a 67 year old man suffered a recurrence of gallstone ileus 10 days after his initial enterolithotomy, requiring further laparotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We review the literature to highlight potential clinical predictors as well as the benefits and pitfalls of management options in preventing repeated episodes of gallstone ileus in the same patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of multifaceted gallstones and multiple stones of size≥2cm on pre-operative imaging should alert the clinician to potential for recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Dumfries & Galloway Royal Infirmary, Bankend Road, Dumfries, DG1 4AP UK. Electronic address: japollos@nhs.net.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Apollos
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Dumfries & Galloway Royal Infirmary, Bankend Road, Dumfries, DG1 4AP UK. Electronic address: rachel.guest@ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Guest
keywords: Enterolithotomy; Gallstone ileus; Recurrence