title: An exploration of attitudes toward bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in university students in Tianjin, China: A survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the importance of early effective bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to improve survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the attitudes toward performing, learning and disseminating CPR in university students of China are still unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the attitudes regarding performing, learning and disseminating bystander CPR in university students of China.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that except for the scenario where the victim was their own family member or close friend, all other scenarios showed a relatively dismally lower rate of positive response. Besides, it showed a greater willingness to perform chest compression only CPR (CC) than chest compression with mouth-to-mouth ventilation (CCMV) (P < 0.05). Females were more willing to perform CC across seven of the hypothetic scenarios than males. University students of medical-related specialties (45.3%) than university students of non-medical specialties (29.9%) were more willing to perform bystander CPR (P < 0.05). The top four reasons for being unwilling to perform bystander CPR were lack of confidence (32.9%), fear of legal disputes (17.2%), fear of disease transmission (16.0%) and feeling embarrassed (14.0%). 92.6% of respondents wanted to learn CPR and 80.3% of respondents were willing to disseminate CPR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CPR technique, victim's status, respondent's specialty and respondent's gender affected the attitudes of respondents toward performing bystander CPR. The top four reasons for being unwilling to perform bystander CPR were lack of confidence, fear of legal disputes, fear of disease transmission and feeling embarrassed. However, the key reason for being unwilling to perform bystander CPR differed in different specialties and particularly 'feeling embarrassment' might be a cultural phenomenon. The attitudes toward learning and disseminating CPR were positive and affected by respondent's gender and specialty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China. Electronic address: jinyinghui0301@163.com.
authors.forename: Yinghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Fanjie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Yunyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Xiaotong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xing
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000523:psychology*; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014495:Universities / Q000458:organization & administration
keywords: Attitudes; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; University students