title: Cerebrospinal fluid amounts of HLA-G in dimeric form are strongly associated to patients with MRI inactive multiple sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relevance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G in dimeric form in multiple sclerosis (MS) is still unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the contribution of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HLA-G dimers in MS pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  CSF amounts of 78-kDa HLA-G dimers were measured by western blot analysis in 80 MS relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and in 81 inflammatory and 70 non-inflammatory controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CSF amounts of 78 kDa HLA-G dimers were more frequent in RRMS than in inflammatory (p<0.01) and non-inflammatory controls (p<0.001) and in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inactive than in MRI active RRMS (p<0.00001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that HLA-G dimers may be implicated in termination of inflammatory response occurring in MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Neuroradilogy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy henryfai@tin.it.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fainardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bortolotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bolzani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castellazzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tamborino
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roversi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baldi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Caniatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Casetta
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gentili
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Granieri
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rizzo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019281:Dimerization; D005260:Female; D059951:HLA-G Antigens / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000473:pathology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D059951:HLA-G Antigens
keywords: CSF levels; HLA-G; MRI activity; Multiple Sclerosis; dimeric form