title: Influence of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I axis in mid- and late-pregnancy rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the influence of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum on the growth hormone(GH)-insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis in mid- and late-pregnancy Sprague-Dawley rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 48 mid-pregnancy rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: anesthesia only (control group); 1-h CO2 pneumoperitoneum; or 2-h CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Blood samples were collected immediately after the procedure or in late pregnancy. Maternal concentration of serum GH and IGF-I was measured on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared between different groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under the same CO2 pneumoperitoneum pressure, serum GH and IGF-I concentration in the 2-h pneumoperitoneum group were significantly lower than those of the 1-h pneumoperitoneum group or the control group in both mid- and late pregnancy (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the 1-h pneumoperitoneum group and the control group (P > 0.05). Serum GH and IGF-I concentrations were positively correlated in pregnant rats (R(2) = 0.3434, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under the same CO2 pneumoperitoneum pressure, exposure duration was correlated with effect on maternal GH-IGF-I axis in mid- and late-pregnancy rats. Two h of exposure inhibited the GH-IGF-I axis in both mid- and late pregnancy, and therefore may restrict development of the placenta and fetus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: Bingchun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: Aizhen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011027:Pneumoperitoneum / Q000097:blood*; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone
keywords: carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum; growth hormone; insulin-like growth factor I; late pregnancy; mid-pregnancy