title: PARPs and ADP-Ribosylation: 50 Years … and Counting.
abstract: Over 50 years ago, the discovery of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) set a new field of science in motion-the field of poly(ADP-ribosyl) transferases (PARPs) and ADP-ribosylation. The field is still flourishing today. The diversity of biological processes now known to require PARPs and ADP-ribosylation was practically unimaginable even two decades ago. From an initial focus on DNA damage detection and repair in response to genotoxic stresses, the field has expanded to include the regulation of chromatin structure, gene expression, and RNA processing in a wide range of biological systems, including reproduction, development, aging, stem cells, inflammation, metabolism, and cancer. This special focus issue of Molecular Cell includes a collection of three Reviews, three Perspectives, and a SnapShot, which together summarize the current state of the field and suggest where it may be headed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences and Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address: lee.kraus@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: W Lee
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Kraus
mesh_terms: D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009243:NAD / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009537:Nicotinamide Mononucleotide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009243:NAD; D009537:Nicotinamide Mononucleotide; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D009536:Niacinamide; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases