title: Clinical Implications and Prognostic Values of Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Candidate Methylation in Primary Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.
abstract: DNA methylation is the most common and well-characterized epigenetic change in human cancer. Recently, an association between prostate cancer susceptibility candidate (PRAC) methylation and genitourinary cancer was proposed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between PRAC methylation status and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in long-term follow-up primary nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The clinical relevance of PRAC methylation was determined in 136 human bladder specimens (eight normal controls [NCs] and 128 primary NMIBCs) using quantitative pyrosequencing analysis. PRAC methylation was significantly higher in NMIBC patients than in NCs and was significantly associated with higher grade and more advanced stage of cancer. Kaplan-Meier estimates revealed significant difference in tumor recurrence and progression according to PRAC methylation status (both p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the PRAC methylation status was a strong predictor of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.652; p = 0.012) and progression (HR, 9.531; p = 0.035) of NMIBC. Enhanced methylation status of PRAC was positively associated with a high rate of recurrence and progression in NMIBC patients, suggesting that PRAC methylation may be a promising prognostic marker of NMIBC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Won
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Yoon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Pil
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Won Tae
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heui Je
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok-Joong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wun-Jae
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-June
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019175:DNA Methylation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C425926:PRAC1 protein, human