title: Coronary collateral development and arterial stiffness in patients with chronic coronary total occlusions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) mainly develops through arteriogenesis in response to shear forces. Increased arterial stiffness (AS) causes decreased coronary perfusion, which may reduce shear stress, arteriogenesis, and thus collateral formation. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between CCC and AS in patients with chronic coronary total occlusion (CTO).
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively enrolled 163 patients with CTO. Patients were divided into two groups according to their Rentrop scores: (a) poorly developed (PD) CCC group (Rentrop 0-1) and (b) well-developed (WD) CCC group (Rentrop 2-3). AS measurements were carried out using a Mobil-O-Graph arteriography system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fasting glucose, creatinine, uric acid, neutrophil count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were found to be higher in patients with PD-CCC. Moreover, patients with PD-CCC had significantly higher augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) compared with WD-CCC group (27.3 ± 8.9 vs. 18.7 ± 7.4, p < 0.001 and 11.7 ± 2.6 vs. 8.5 ± 1.4, p < 0.001, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, PWV, AIx, and serum uric acid were found to be independently associated with the development of CCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AS parameters, such as AIx and PWV, as well as serum uric acid are independently associated with the development of CCC in stable coronary artery disease with CTO.
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Adana , Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet Oytun
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Baykan
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gür
authors.forename: Armağan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Acele
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Şeker
authors.forename: Alaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quisi
authors.forename: Arafat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çayli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D059289:Vascular Stiffness
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014527:Uric Acid
keywords: arterial stiffness; augmentation index; collateral circulation; pulse wave velocity; uric acid