title: Tetracyclic triterpenoids in herbal medicines and their activities in diabetes and its complications.
abstract: Tetracyclic triterpenoids, including the dammarane, cucurbitane, cycloartane, lanostane and protostane groups, is a class of triterpenoids widely distributed in various medicinal plants, particularly those commonly used for the treatment of diabetes and its complications, such as Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, Panax notoginseng, Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Astragalus membranaceus, Momordica charantia, and Ganoderma lucidum. This review highlights recent findings on the chemistry and bioactivities of tetracyclic triterpenoids from these plants and other popular herbal medicines.
authors.forename: Kaiser
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alqahtani
authors.forename: Moon-Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jun-Lae
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Pei H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Chun Guang
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Groundwater
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. george.li@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: George Q
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D014315:Triterpenes