title: Cross-sectional community-based study of the socio-demographic factors associated with the prevalence of dengue in the eastern part of Sudan in 2011.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dengue is caused by an arthropod-borne flavivirus. Infection can be either primary or secondary based on serology, with each stage of the disease characterized by specific serological conversion and antibody formation. Further study is needed to fully identify the factors associated with and predisposing to dengue infection. The objective of this study was to identify socio-demographic factors associated with the prevalence of dengue serotypes in Kassala State in the eastern part of Sudan in 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional community-based study with 530 participants who were randomly selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. Dengue serotype prevalence was determined using capture Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ELISA IgG. A multivariate logistic regression model was designed to measure the strength of associations between socio-demographic factors and dengue serotype prevalence. All participants who tested negative for dengue were used as the statistical reference group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From this study, the prevalence of dengue in Kassala was estimated to be 9.4% (95% CI: 7.1-12.3). Lack of knowledge about dengue fever disease (OR 2.8, 95% CI: 1.24-6.53) and a household density of more than 3 people per room (OR 2.1, 95% CI: 1.06-4.09) were the most important factors associated with dengue infection among the study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Community-oriented interventions are needed to modify existing social behaviors to reduce the risk of dengue in the eastern part of Sudan. Additional studies are also required in this field.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Zoonotic Diseases, Federal Ministry of Health, Osman Digna Street with Nile Avenue, PO Box 303, 1111, Khartoum, Sudan. soghaier@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Soghaier
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Zoonotic Diseases, Federal Ministry of Health, Osman Digna Street with Nile Avenue, PO Box 303, 1111, Khartoum, Sudan. sayedntp@yahoo.com.|Present Address: Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar. sayedntp@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sayed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Himatt
authors.affiliation: Community Department, Al Ribat University, Faculty of Medicine, Khartoum, Sudan. drtkamal@hotmail.com.|Tiabah University, College of Medicine, Family and Community Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. drtkamal@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kamal ElDin
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.affiliation: Emergency and Humanitarian Action, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan. somiaokoued@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Somia I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Okoued
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Entomology, National Public Health Laboratory, Khartoum, Sudan. osamamekki@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Osama E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Seidahmed
authors.affiliation: Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA, USA. mark.e.beatty@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Beatty
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Manama, Bahrain. khalifa_elmusharaf@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Khalifa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elmusharaf
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Zoonotic Diseases, Kassala State Ministry of Health, Kassala, Sudan. jhbeeshi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jeahan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khogali
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Zoonotic Diseases, Kassala State Ministry of Health, Kassala, Sudan. nijoodshingrai@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nijood H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Shingrai
authors.affiliation: Sudan National Public Health Laboratory, Khartoum, Sudan. mangory2000@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mutasim M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Elmangory
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D003715:Dengue / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012931:Social Environment; D013397:Sudan / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G