title: The yeast Starmerella bacillaris (synonym Candida zemplinina) shows high genetic diversity in winemaking environments.
abstract: The yeast Candida zemplinina (Starmerella bacillaris) is frequently isolated from grape and wine environments. Its enological use in mixed fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been extensively investigated these last few years, and several interesting features including low ethanol production, fructophily, glycerol and other metabolites production, have been described. In addition, molecular tools allowing the characterization of yeast populations have been developed, both at the inter- and intraspecific levels. However, most of these fingerprinting methods are not compatible with population genetics or ecological studies. In this work, we developed 10 microsatellite markers for the C. zemplinina species that were used for the genotyping of 163 strains from nature or various enological regions (28 vineyards/wineries from seven countries). We show that the genetic diversity of C. zemplinina is shaped by geographical localization. Populations isolated from winemaking environments are quite diverse at the genetic level: neither clonal-like behaviour nor specific genetic signature were associated with the different vineyards/wineries. Altogether, these results suggest that C. zemplinina is not under selective pressure in winemaking environments.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Œnology Research Unit EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Bordeaux INP, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France Bordeaux Sciences Agro, 33170 Gradignan, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Masneuf-Pomarede
authors.affiliation: Biolaffort, 126 Quai de Souys, 33100 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Elodie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Juquin
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Œnology Research Unit EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Bordeaux INP, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France INRA, ISVV, Œnology Research Unit EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Bordeaux INP, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miot-Sertier
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Œnology Research Unit EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Bordeaux INP, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France Biolaffort, 126 Quai de Souys, 33100 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Renault
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR Biodiversity of Genes and Ecosystems, Genomics Platform, 33610 Cestas, France.
authors.forename: Yec'han
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Laizet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR Biodiversity of Genes and Ecosystems, Genomics Platform, 33610 Cestas, France.
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salin
authors.affiliation: UMR 02102 PAM, University of Burgundy-AgroSup Dijon, VALMIS Laboratory, Vine and Wine Institute Jules Guyot, University of Burgundy, 21000 Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alexandre
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Capozzi
authors.affiliation: DISAFA, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cocolin
authors.affiliation: Research Center Pernod Ricard, 94000 Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Colonna-Ceccaldi
authors.affiliation: DISAFA, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Vasileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Englezos
authors.affiliation: Research Center Pernod Ricard, 94000 Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Œnology Research Unit EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Bordeaux INP, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.affiliation: Hellenic Agricultural Organisation "DEMETER", Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, 14123 Lycovrissi, Greece.
authors.forename: Aspasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nisiotou
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Applied Microbiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sipiczki
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spano
authors.affiliation: Hellenic Agricultural Organisation "DEMETER", Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, 14123 Lycovrissi, Greece.
authors.forename: Chrysoula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tassou
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Œnology Research Unit EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Bordeaux INP, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bely
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Œnology Research Unit EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Bordeaux INP, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France ENSCBP, Bordeaux INP, 33600 Pessac, France warren.albertin@u-bordeaux.fr.
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Albertin
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D016681:Genome, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D005843:Geography; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D012641:Selection, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D027843:Vitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005632:Fructose; D000431:Ethanol; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: SSR; Starmerella bacillaris; grape; microsatellite; must; oenology