title: Enhancement of ginsenoside Rg(1) in Panax ginseng hairy root by overexpressing the α-L-rhamnosidase gene from Bifidobacterium breve.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the production of ginsenoside Rg1 in Panax ginseng.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The α-L-rhamnosidase gene from Bifidobacterium breve (BbRha) was overexpressed into hairy root culture system using Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4. Ginsenoside Rg1 in hairy roots was obtained following transformation via overexpressed gene representing 2.2-fold higher than those of control lines. Several overexpression transgenic hairy root lines were obtained exhibiting markedly increased levels of the corresponding α-L-rhamnosidase enzymatic activity relative to control. Ginsenoside Rg1 levels in the transgenic lines were higher (2.2-fold) than those of control after following 30 days culturing, while ginsenoside Re contents in tested transgenic lines were found to be lower. The transgenic hairy roots harboring α-L-rhamnosidase gene improved the accumulation of ginsenoside Rg1 up to 3.6 mg g(-1) dry weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BbRha gene selectively enhances the production of ginsenoside Rg1 in P. ginseng hairy roots.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China. blzhang369@163.com.
authors.forename: Bian-Ling
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China.
authors.forename: Gu-Cai
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D060054:Agrobacterium / Q000235:genetics; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D060847:Metabolic Engineering; D005894:Panax / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014170:Transformation, Genetic
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C022525:alpha-L-rhamnosidase; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1
keywords: Bifidobacterium breve; Ginsenoside Rg1; Hairy roots; Panax ginseng; Transgenic hairy roots; α-L-Rhamnosidase