title: Three-year haemodynamic performance of the St Jude Trifecta bioprosthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the haemodynamic performance of the St Jude Trifecta valve for aortic valve replacement (AVR) at 3 years after implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a single-centre, prospective, observational, independent study, we enrolled 122 patients who had AVR using a Trifecta bioprosthesis in the July 2010-June 2011 period. A clinical and echocardiographic in-house follow-up was scheduled.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our series, 14.7% of patients received a 19-mm, 28.7% had a 21-mm, 35.2% had a 23-mm and 21.3% had a greater-size prosthesis. There were no cases of operative mortality or of valve-related complications both early and at follow-up (except one sudden unexplained death). Completeness of the 3-year echocardiographic follow-up was 80% among survivors. The average mean transvalvular gradient (mTVG) at 3 years was 14.2, 10.8, 8.6, 7.1 and 6.8 mmHg (sizes 19 to 27/29, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between average mTVGs measured immediately after implantation versus at the 3-year follow-up in the overall population. The average peak transvalvular gradient (pTVG) at 3 years was 25, 20, 16.8, 13.9 and 14.4 mmHg (sizes 19 to 27/29, respectively). The average indexed effective orifice area (iEOA) at 3 years was 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.3 and 1.3 cm(2)/m(2) (sizes 19-27, respectively). The rate of moderate patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) at 3 years was 15.7%; there were two instances of severe PPM (2.2%). All cases of PPM occurred in the 19, 21 and 23 mm size subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Trifecta valve retains its excellent haemodynamic properties at the 3-year follow-up. The rate of PPM is considerably low.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Vito Giovanni
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Ruggieri
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France amedeo.anselmi@alice.it.
authors.forename: Amedeo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anselmi
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chabanne
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lelong
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Erwan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Flecher
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Verhoye
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leguerrier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D001705:Bioprosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: Aortic valve replacement; Haemodynamics; Trifecta