title: Ecological risk assessment of silicon dioxide nanoparticles in a freshwater fish Labeo rohita: Hematology, ionoregulation and gill Na(+)/K(+) ATPase activity.
abstract: The fate and effect of nanomaterials in the environment has raised concern about their environmental risk to aquatic organisms. Silica nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) find its uses in various fields and are inevitably released into the environment. However, the ecotoxicological effects of SiO2-NPs on the freshwater fish remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations (1, 5 and 25mgL(-1)) of SiO2-NPs on certain hematological, ionoregulatory and enzymological profiles of a freshwater teleost fish Labeo rohita. Hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values were altered in SiO2-NPs treated groups. Likewise, plasma electrolytes such as plasma sodium (Na(+)), potassium (K(+)) and chloride (Cl(-)) levels and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase activity in gill of SiO2-NPs treated groups were altered in all concentrations throughout the study period (96h). The alterations of these parameters were found to be dependent on dose and exposure period. The results of the present study indicate that the alterations of these parameters may relate to physiological stress system to SiO2-NPs toxicity and also demonstrate that manufactured metal oxide NPs in aquatic environment may affect the health condition of the aquatic organisms.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krishna Priya
authors.affiliation: Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramesh
authors.affiliation: Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saravanan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ponpandian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000378:metabolism*; D004909:Erythrocyte Indices; D004912:Erythrocytes; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012964:Sodium; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Gill Na(+)/K(+) ATPase; Hematology; Ionoregulation; Labeo rohita; SiO(2)-nanoparticles; Toxicology