title: Trends and Predictors of Cigarette Smoking Among HIV Seropositive and Seronegative Men: The Multicenter Aids Cohort Study.
abstract: We measured the trend of cigarette smoking among HIV-seropositive and seronegative men over time from 1984 to 2012. Additionally, we examined the demographic correlates of smoking and smoking consumption. Six thousand and five hundred and seventy seven men who have sex with men (MSM) from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) were asked detailed information about their smoking history since their visit. Prevalence of smoking and quantity smoked was calculated yearly from 1984 to 2012. Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to estimate prevalence ratios of smoking in univariate and multivariate models. In 2012, 11.8 and 36.9 % of men who were enrolled in the MACS before 2001 or during or after 2001 smoked cigarettes, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, black, non-Hispanic, lower education, enrollment wave, alcohol use, and marijuana use were positively associated with current smoking in MSM. HIV serostatus was not significant in the multivariate analysis. However, HIV variables, such as detectable viral load, were positively associated. Though cigarette smoking has declined over time, the prevalence still remains high among subgroups. There is still a need for tailored smoking cessation programs to decrease the risk of smoking in HIV-seropositive MSM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA. wakhtar@ufl.edu.|Department of Health, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Administration, Washington, DC, USA. wakhtar@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Wajiha Z
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Akhtar-Khaleel
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: David Geffen School of Medicine, Departments of Family Medicine and Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shoptaw
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Surkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stall
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.|Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Beyth
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Linda A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Teplin
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plankey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000639:trends*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Detection of smoking; HIV; MSM; Smoking; Tobacco