title: The Romhilt-Estes left ventricular hypertrophy score and its components predict all-cause mortality in the general population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The same electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria that have been used for detection of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) have recently been recognized as predictors of adverse clinical outcomes, but this predictive ability is inadequately explored and understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 14,984 participants from the ARIC study were included in this analysis. Romhilt-Estes (R-E) LVH score was measured from the automatically processed baseline (1987-1989) ECG data. All-cause mortality was ascertained up to December 2010. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between baseline R-E score, overall and each of its 6 individual components separately, with all-cause mortality. The associations between change in R-E score between baseline and first follow-up visit with mortality were also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a median follow-up of 21.7 years, 4,549 all-cause mortality events occurred during follow-up. In multivariable-adjusted models, increasing levels of the R-E score was associated with increasing risk of mortality both as a baseline finding and as a change between the baseline and the first follow-up visit. Of the 6 ECG components of the score, 4 were predictive of all-cause mortality (P-terminal force, QRS amplitude, LV strain, and intrinsicoid deflection), whereas 2 of the components were not (left axis deviation and prolonged QRS duration). Differences in the strengths of the associations between the individual components of the score and mortality were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The R-E score, traditionally used for detection of LVH, could be used as a useful tool for predication of adverse outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Electronic address: harveyestes@me.com.
authors.forename: E Harvey
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Estes
authors.affiliation: Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
authors.forename: Zhu-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
authors.forename: Yabing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.
authors.forename: Larisa G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Tereschenko
authors.affiliation: Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Medicine, Section on Cardiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
authors.forename: Elsayed Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Soliman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053840:Brugada Syndrome; D000075224:Cardiac Conduction System Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index