title: Evaluation of glutathione level in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal health, in chronic periodontitis and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy: A clinicobiochemical study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periodontitis is predominantly due to exaggerated host response to pathogenic microorganisms and their products which causes an imbalance between the reactive oxygen species-antioxidant in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Glutathione is an important redox regulator in GCF and maintenance of stable reduced glutathione (GSH):oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio is essential for periodontal health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the level of glutathione and redox balance (GSH: GSSG ratio) in GCF of chronic periodontitis patients, periodontally healthy controls and also to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the level of glutathione and redox balance during 3 months postoperative visit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline GCF samples were collected from 20 chronic periodontitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy subjects for GSH and GSSG levels estimation. Periodontitis patients were recalled 3 months postnonsurgical periodontal therapy to re-sample GCF.
  
  
  METHODS
  GSH and GSSG levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The values were statistically analyzed by Paired t-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean GSH and GSSG values in GCF were found to be significantly lower in periodontitis patients pre- and 3 months post-nonsurgical periodontal therapy, compared with those in the control group subjects. In addition, the successful nonsurgical therapy even though leading to a significant improvement in the GSH and GSSG levels, does not restore glutathione concentration to the levels seen in healthy subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful nonsurgical periodontal therapy leads to significant improvement in the redox balance (GSH: GSSG ratio) in chronic periodontitis patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Savita
authors.affiliation: Royal Multi Speciality Dental Clinic, Kannur, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sarun
authors.affiliation: Clove Dental, Saini Enclave, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Shivli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Swathi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan
keywords: Chronic periodontitis; gingival crevicular fluid; glutathione