title: Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography to Assess Right Ventricle Function in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The convenience and availability of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) makes it an attractive candidate for assessing right ventricle function. However, the viability of RT3DE is not conclusive.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to evaluate RT3DE relative to cardiac magnetic resonance and 2-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) for measuring right ventricular systolic function in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with pulmonary hypertension (n = 23) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance, 2DE, and RT3DE. Specifically, 2DE was used to measure the right ventricular index of myocardial performance (RIMP), fractional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and tissue Doppler-derived tricuspid annular systolic velocity (S'). Cardiac magnetic resonance and RT3DE were used to measure right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) and end-systolic volume (RVESV). The right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regarding the measurements taken by 2DE, RVEF positively correlated with fractional area change (r = 0.595, P = 0.003) and S'(r = 0.489, P = 0.018), and negatively correlated with RIMP (r = -0.745, P = 0.000). There was no association between RVEF and TAPSE (r = -0.029, P = 0.896). There existed a close correlation between the values of RVEDV, RVESV, and RVEF as measured by RT3DE and CMR respectively (P<0.001); Bland-Altmanan analyses showed good agreement between them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RT3DE was a viable method for noninvasive, accurate assessment of right ventricular systolic function in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Heart Center, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Yidan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Heart Center, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Yidan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhenguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Echocardiography, Heart Center, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Xiuzhang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004452:Echocardiography; D019561:Echocardiography, Four-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right