title: Comparative Analysis of Tear Film Levels of Inflammatory Mediators in Contact Lens Users.
abstract: To compare tear films levels of various inflammatory cytokines in asymptomatic contact lens (CL) users. CL users of rigid gas-permeable CLs (RGPCL) (group 1) or silicone hydrogel CLs (SiHCL) (group 2) were compared with non-CL-using healthy subjects (group 3).
  
  
  
  Tear samples were collected from subjects in each group after ensuring that there were no complications secondary to CL wear in the CL-wearing participants. Tear-film levels of interleukins (ILs)-1β, -6, and -8; granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (using the Luminex method); and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) (using the ELISA method) were determined. Cytokine levels were compared among the three groups using analysis-of-variance (ANOVA) and Kruskall-Wallis tests.
  
  
  
  There were significant differences in concentrations of IL-1β, GM-CSF and LTB4 among the three groups (p = 0.002, p = 0.021 and p = 0.009, respectively), as shown by the Kruskall-Wallis test comparing all three groups for the three cytokines. There were no significant differences for IL-6 and IL-8 (p = 0.079 and 0.094, respectively) when all three groups were compared.
  
  
  
  There were substantial statistically significant differences between RGPCL users, SiHCL users and control subjects in levels of tear film cytokines. Although CL users were asymptomatic, changes in tear-film levels of several important inflammatory mediators revealed that a chronic inflammatory process occurs during CL wear.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey .
authors.forename: Cansu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yüksel Elgin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey .
authors.forename: Güzin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: İskeleli
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology , MD Birinci Eye Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey , and.
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Talaz
authors.affiliation: c Department of Physiology , Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey.
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akyol
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D013666:Tears / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Chronic inflammatory process; contact lens use; rigid gas permeable contact lenses; silicone hydrogel contact lenses; tear film inflammatory mediators