title: Enzymatically Modified Starch Ameliorates Postprandial Serum Triglycerides and Lipid Metabolome in Growing Pigs.
abstract: Developing host digestion-resistant starches to promote human health is of great research interest. Chemically modified starches (CMS) are widely used in processed foods and although the modification of the starch molecule allows specific reduction in digestibility, the metabolic effects of CMS have been less well described. This short-term study evaluated the impact of enzymatically modified starch (EMS) on fasting and postprandial profiles of blood glucose, insulin and lipids, and serum metabolome in growing pigs. Eight jugular-vein catheterized pigs (initial body weight, 37.4 kg; 4 months of age) were fed 2 diets containing 72% purified starch (EMS or waxy corn starch (control)) in a cross-over design for 7 days. On day 8, an 8-hour meal tolerance test (MTT) was performed with serial blood samplings. Besides biochemical analysis, serum was analysed for 201 metabolites through targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approaches. Pigs fed the EMS diet showed increased (P<0.05) immediate serum insulin and plasma glucose response compared to pigs fed the control diet; however, area-under-the-curves for insulin and glucose were not different among diets. Results from MTT indicated reduced postprandial serum triglycerides with EMS versus control diet (P<0.05). Likewise, serum metabolome profiling identified characteristic changes in glycerophospholipid, lysophospholipids, sphingomyelins and amino acid metabolome profiles with EMS diet compared to control diet. Results showed rapid adaptations of blood metabolites to dietary starch shifts within 7 days. In conclusion, EMS ingestion showed potential to attenuate postprandial raise in serum lipids and suggested constant alteration in the synthesis or breakdown of sphingolipids and phospholipids which might be a health benefit of EMS consumption. Because serum insulin was not lowered, more research is warranted to reveal possible underlying mechanisms behind the observed changes in the profile of serum lipid metabolome in response to EMS consumption.
authors.affiliation: University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Barbara U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Metzler-Zebeli
authors.affiliation: Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eberspächer
authors.affiliation: Agrana Research & Innovation Center GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grüll
authors.affiliation: Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.affiliation: Agrana Research & Innovation Center GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Timea
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Molnar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Qendrim
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zebeli
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D013213:Starch