title: Macular Pigment Optical Density and Ocular Pulse Amplitude in Subjects with Different Axial Lengths and Refractive Errors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of our study was to: (1) investigate the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) in subjects with different axial lengths (AL) and refractive errors (RE); (2) determine if there is a correlation between MPOD and OPA; and (3) evaluate whether MPOD and OPA depend on intraocular pressure (IOP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 140 eyes of 70 subjects - 17 men and 53 women, aged 18 to 29 years (mean: 22.5 years; SD=2.8). Every examined person underwent a thorough eye examination including: visual acuity, anterior segment and fundus examination, keratometry, auto-refractometry, and MPOD, OPA, AL, and IOP measurements. The obtained results were analyzed statistically using Statistica 10 software. P values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The following refractive errors were selected: emmetropia (34 eyes), hyperopia (18 eyes), low myopia (60 eyes), medium myopia (19 eyes), and high myopia (9 eyes). It has been established that the OPA increases with the rise in the spherical equivalents (SE) (Rs=+0.38, P<0.001), while the increase in AL correlates with the decrease of OPA (Rs=-0.40, P<0.001). The increase in IOP correlates with the rise in the OPA (Rs=+0.20, P<0.05). There were no significant correlations between IOP and SE or AL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) MPOD is not correlated with the OPA in subjects with different AL and RE; (2) OPA decreases with the rise of AL; (3) OPA decreases with the fall of the SE; and (4) OPA increases with the rise in IOP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czepita
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karczewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Safranow
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Damian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Czepita
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D058452:Axial Length, Eye / Q000473:pathology*; D001699:Biometry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D065348:Macular Pigment / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D065348:Macular Pigment