title: Atrial natriuretic peptide in cardiovascular biology and disease (NPPA).
abstract: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone that regulates salt-water balance and blood pressure by promoting renal sodium and water excretion and stimulating vasodilation. ANP also has an anti-hypertrophic function in the heart, which is independent of its systemic blood pressure-lowering effect. In mice, ANP deficiency causes salt-sensitive hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Recent studies have shown that ANP plays an important role in regulating vascular remodeling and energy metabolism. Variants in the human NPPA gene, encoding the ANP precursor, are associated with hypertension, stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure (HF) and obesity. ANP and related peptides are used as biomarkers for heart disease. Recombinant proteins and small molecules that enhance the ANP pathway have been developed to treat patients with HF. In this review, we discuss the role of ANP in cardiovascular biology and disease.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Departments of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44155, USA.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44155, USA; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. Electronic address: wuq@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Qingyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D066253:Vascular Remodeling / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor
keywords: ANP; Corin; Heart failure; Hypertension; Natriuretic peptides; Sodium homeostasis