title: A survey of solitary deaths in Japan for shortening postmortem interval until discover.
abstract: Recently in advanced nations, the number of solitary households is increasing. Data from Japanese population survey in 2010 showed that the percent of solitary households was 32.4% and that was the largest category of household types. The Japanese government regards solitary death as important problem, but a useful survey on solitary death has not been performed. We have focused on the postmortem interval until discovery of the death as a measure of solitary deaths. We conducted a survey of 582 forensic autopsy cases in the Osaka medical examiner's office over three years, from April in 2010 till March in 2012. We excluded suicide cases. We collected data on the, gender, age, postmortem interval (PMI) until discovery, family structure, situation of discovery of the body, cause of death, and the time interval from the last hospital visit. Here, we found that people who had high risk of solitary death ranged in, age from 60 to 69 which is the age of retirement for many people. In order to prevent solitary death, we suggest that people who live alone should take better care of themselves and participate in a community setting after their retirement. We can show that the recent efforts of the Japanese government for reducing solitary death had been working well. The government care givers take care of the person living alone almost like their own family. We also suggest that the people who unfortunately do not have any home care should subscribe to a newspaper for shortening the PMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hitosugi
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000401:mortality; D001344:Autopsy; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D002423:Cause of Death; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000401:mortality; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors