title: Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of depressive and bipolar disorders in Catalonia (Spain) using DSM-5 criteria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to determine the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of major depression disorders (MDD) and bipolar disorders (BPDs) in a population-based sample in Catalonia (NE Spain).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional study nested in the Regicor Survey. We used a population-based sample of participants 45 years and older (n = 5068). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) were used to apply DSM-5 criteria to diagnose MDD and BPDs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lifetime prevalence of Single MDD was 4.2% (95% CI = 3.7-4.8), while Recurrent MDD was 24.1% (95% CI = 22.9-25.3). Other depressive disorders were detected in 0.4% (95% CI = 0.2-0.5) of the sample. The lifetime prevalence of a bipolar disorder (BPD) was set to 3.0% (95% CI = 2.5-3.4), with 0.3% (95% CI = 0.2-0.5) BPD Type I, 0.9% (95% CI = 0.6-1.2) BPD type II, and 1.8% (95% CI = 1.4-2.1) other BPD. MDD was more frequent in women, unmarried people, and those with low education. BPD rates were higher in young and unmarried people.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only participants of 45 years and older were included in this study. The length of the depressive episodes was not recorded. Our results may be biased by a reluctance of patients with a mental illness to participate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first population-based study reporting DSM-5 estimated prevalences of depressive and bipolar disorders in our country. The prevalence of mood disorders is high in our community, with almost 25% of the population presenting with at least one depressive disorder throughout life.
authors.affiliation: Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdIBGI), IAS Research Unit, Salt, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Laia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calvó-Perxas
authors.affiliation: Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdIBGI), IAS Research Unit, Salt, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address: josep.garre@ias.scs.es.
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garre-Olmo
authors.affiliation: Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdIBGI), IAS Research Unit, Salt, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Memory and Dementia Assessment Unit, Institut d'Assistència Sanitària, Salt, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vilalta-Franch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Bipolar disorder; DSM-5; Major depressive disorder; Prevalence