title: Radiation-induced hematopoietic myelosuppression and genotoxicity get significantly countered by active principles of Podophyllum hexandrum: A study in strain 'A' mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the protective role of a novel formulation, prepared by a combination of three active principles isolated from Podophyllum hexandrum (G-002M), against radiation- mediated hematopoietic suppression and cytogenetic aberrations in lethally irradiated mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  G-002M, a combination of podophyllotoxin, podophyllotoxin-β-D glucoside and rutin, was administered intramuscularly in mice (- 1 h) to radiation (9 Gy) exposure. The animals were autopsied at different time intervals for further studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Loss of bone marrow progenitor cells, altered myeloid/erythroid ratio, serum erythropoietin and pancytopenia in irradiated mice was found significantly (p < 0.001) ameliorated in G-002M pre-administered mice within 30 d. Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) and BAX (Bcl-2-associated X) protein expression was also positively (p < 0.001) countered in these mice. Chromosomal aberrations in 30 d were found remarkably (p < 0.001) reduced in marrow of G-002M pretreated mice. Accelerated antioxidants, reduced DNA damage, stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and minimal cellular atrophy in spleen were some of the other key features observed in G-002M administered mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduction in hematopoietic aplasia and chromosomal aberrations, besides, early recovery in bone marrow and spleen of G-002M pretreated mice, could be attributed to its free radical scavenging, DNA protecting and apoptotic proteins modulating ability against radiation.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) , DRDO, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Marg, Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Savita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) , DRDO, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Marg, Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Manju Lata
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004249:DNA Damage; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects*; D051379:Mice; D008805:Mice, Inbred A; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D038042:Myelopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D011034:Podophyllotoxin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D011035:Podophyllum; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012431:Rutin / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005960:Glucosides; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; C430086:podophyllotoxin 4-O-glucopyranoside; D004921:Erythropoietin; D012431:Rutin; D011034:Podophyllotoxin
keywords: Podophyllum hexandrum; chromosomal aberrations; erythropoietin; ionizing radiation; micronuclei; radioprotection