title: The influence of simulated transversus abdominis muscle force on sacroiliac joint flexibility during asymmetric moment application to the pelvis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of so-called local muscle system in motor control of the lower back and pelvis is a subject of ongoing debate. Prevailing beliefs in stabilizing function of this system were recently challenged. This study investigated the impact of in vitro simulated force of transversely oriented fibres of the transversus abdominis muscle (a part of the local system) on flexibility of the sacroiliac joint during asymmetric moment application to the pelvis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 8 embalmed specimens an incremental moment was applied in the sagittal plane to one innominate with respect to the fixed contralateral innominate. Ranges of motion of the sacroiliac joint were recorded using the Vicon Motion Capture System. Load-deformation curves were plotted and flexibility of the sacroiliac joint was calculated separately for anterior and posterior rotations of the innominate, with and without simulated muscle force.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flexibility of the sacroiliac joint was significantly bigger during anterior rotation of the innominate, as compared to posterior rotation (Anova P<0.05). After application of simulated force of transversus abdominis, flexibility of the joint did not change both during anterior and posterior rotations of the innominate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A lack of a stiffening effect of simulated transversus abdominis force on the sacroiliac joint was demonstrated. Earlier hypotheses suggesting a stiffening influence of this muscle on the pelvis cannot be confirmed. Consistent with previous findings smaller flexibility of the joint recorded during posterior rotation of the innominate may be of clinical importance for physio- and manual therapists. However, major limitations of the study should be acknowledged: in vitro conditions and simulation of only solitary muscle force.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Motion Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, ul. Mikolowska 72, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; Faculty of Physiotherapy, Academy of Business, ul. Cieplaka 1c, 41-300 DąbrowaGórnicza, Poland. Electronic address: rafal.gnat@interial.pl.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gnat
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat, 9, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annelies
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pool-Goudzwaard
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D000368:Aged; D064131:Back Muscles; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D010388:Pelvis / Q000502:physiology*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012399:Rotation; D012446:Sacroiliac Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
keywords: Flexibility; Pelvis; Sacroiliac joint; Transversus abdominis