title: Using the Care Dependency Scale for identifying patients at risk for pressure ulcer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate risk screening for pressure ulcer by using the Care Dependency Scale (CDS) for patients receiving home care or admitted to a residential or nursing home in the Netherlands.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Pressure ulcer is a serious and persistent problem for patients throughout the Western world. Pressure ulcer is among the most common adverse events in nursing practice and when a pressure ulcer occurs it has many consequences for patients and healthcare professionals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional design.
  
  
  METHODS
  The convenience sample consisted of 13,633 study participants, of whom 2639 received home care from 15 organisations, 4077 were patients from 67 residential homes and 6917 were admitted in 105 nursing homes. Data were taken from the Dutch National Prevalence Survey of Care Problems that was carried out in April 2012 in Dutch healthcare settings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the three settings, cut-off points above 80% sensitivity were established, while in the residential home sample an almost 60% combined specificity score was identified. The CDS items 'Body posture' (home care), 'Getting dressed and undressed' (residential homes) and 'Mobility' (nursing homes) were the most significant variables which affect PU.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CDS is able to distinguish between patients at risk for pressure ulcer development and those not at risk in both home care and residential care settings. In nursing homes, the usefulness of the CDS for pressure ulcer detection is limited.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Healthcare and Wellbeing, NHL University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ate
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.affiliation: Institute of Healthcare and Wellbeing, NHL University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hetty
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kazimier
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care Studies (CAPHRI), University Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ruud J G
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Halfens
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003858:Dependency, Psychological; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D062072:Patient Acuity; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018570:Risk Assessment
keywords: Care Dependency Scale; home care; nursing; nursing home; pressure ulcer; residential homes; risk assessment