title: Schizotypal Traits are Associated with Poorer Executive Functioning in Healthy Adults.
abstract: Previous research has shown mild forms of the neurocognitive impairments seen in schizophrenia among healthy individuals exhibiting high schizotypal traits. This study aimed to explore associations between schizotypy and cognitive performance in an adult community sample. Ninety-five females and 79 males completed the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE), which measures four separable aspects of schizotypy: cognitive disorganization, unusual experiences, introvertive anhedonia, and impulsive non-conformity. Subsequently, participants were administered a neurocognitive battery incorporating measures of executive skills including inhibition, cognitive flexibility, reasoning, and problem solving along with measures of attention and processing speed and both verbal and spatial working memory. In line with predictions, the current study found that higher scores on the subscales of unusual experiences, cognitive disorganization, and impulsive non-conformity related to worse performance on a measure of inhibition. Additionally, as introvertive anhedonia increased, both attention and processing speed and reasoning and problem-solving performance became more impaired. In conclusion, this study extends schizotypy literature by examining the subscales of the O-LIFE, and enables inferences to be drawn in relation to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Alfred Hospital, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Louise
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Alfred Hospital, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gurvich
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Alfred Hospital, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Neill
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Alfred Hospital, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Alfred Hospital, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Tamsyn E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Van Rheenen
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Alfred Hospital, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rossell
keywords: attention; cognition; executive functioning; inhibition; memory; psychosis proneness; schizotypal traits; schizotypy