title: Effects of a Single Hand-Exercise Session on Manual Dexterity and Strength in Persons with Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects on manual dexterity, hand grip, and pinch strength of a single intervention focused on hand exercises.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, controlled, blinded study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty people with Parkinson disease (PD) were recruited; 30 participants were allocated to a brief exercise session and 30 to a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants randomized to the experimental group received a 15-minute exercise session focused on hand training using therapeutic putty. Participants allocated to the control group performed active upper limb exercises.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measures of manual dexterity (assessed by the Purdue Pegboard Test and the Chessington Occupational Therapy Neurologic Assessment Battery dexterity task) and strength (hand grip and pinch strength) were recorded at baseline and after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants had significantly improved manual dexterity values (P < .05) after the intervention. They also had increased hand grip (P < .001) and pinch strength (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single hand-exercise session showed an improvement in manual dexterity and strength in persons with PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain(∗)(†)(‡)(¶).
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mateos-Toset
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain(∗)(†)(‡)(¶).
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cabrera-Martos
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain(∗)(†)(‡)(¶).
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Torres-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain(∗)(†)(‡)(¶).
authors.forename: Araceli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Rubio
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain(§).
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: González-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Granada, Av de Madrid SN CP18071, Granada, Spain(∗∗). Electronic address: cvalenza@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Marie Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Valenza
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome