title: Tidal impact on the dynamic behavior of dissolved pharmaceuticals in the Yangtze Estuary, China.
abstract: The dynamic behavior of 24 dissolved pharmaceuticals over tidal cycles in the Yangtze Estuary, China was studied to assess the tidal impact on the fate of pharmaceutical residues. The results show that most pharmaceuticals were frequently detected with concentrations from below detection to 27.2 ng/L, with sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethazine, erythromycin, thiamphenicol and florfenicol dominating. During tidal cycles, pharmaceutical concentrations decreased during tidal rise, then increasing during tidal receding for all locations, except at site S2 which showed an opposite trend due to unique water movement there. It was observed that most compounds showed a non-conservative behavior, while diazepam and sulfamethoxazole displayed a conservative behavior. The pharmaceutical concentrations were found to increase with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, suggesting DOC as a carrier of pharmaceuticals. In addition, many compounds showed a significant negative relationship with suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration, indicating SPM-water interactions as a control of pharmaceutical behavior in estuarine environment.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China. Electronic address: jlzhou@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun Liang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D063366:Estuaries; D008956:Models, Chemical; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Antibiotics; Behavior; Pharmaceuticals; Tidal cycle; Yangtze Estuary