title: Neutrophil functional disorder in childhood.
abstract: Neutrophil functional disorders thought to be uncommon, yet important as a cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and children. During the first years of life, when the immune system is still not completely mature, when the viral infections are frequent and antibiotic overuse can damage and alter the immune response, the inadequate nutrition followed with iron deficient anemia and malnutrition can lead the child`s organism in state of immunodeficiency. Sometimes is difficult to distinguish at the beginning weather the cause of patient suffering from frequent infections is existing of primary immunodeficiency disorder or the cause of the immunodeficiency state is just from exogenous factors. Fortunately, primary immune deficiencies are rare diseases and only 6-7% of all of them, due to the neutrophilic functional disorders. Unfortunately, many exogenous and environmental factors have influence to the immune system, and the percentage of secondary caused neutrophilic functional disorders is much higher and should be considered when children are investigated for immunodeficiency. So, when to suspect neutrophil functional disorder? The hallmarks for diseases related to the neutrophilic functional disorders are discussed in this article.
authors.affiliation: Department of immunology, University Clinic for Children`s Diseases, Medical Faculty, Skopje, R. Macedonia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mironska
mesh_terms: D000592:Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000276:immunology; D002609:Chediak-Higashi Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005955:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / Q000276:immunology; D005981:Glutathione Synthase / Q000172:deficiency / Q000276:immunology; D006105:Granulomatous Disease, Chronic / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000276:immunology*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007589:Job Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D018370:Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000276:immunology; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology*; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D005981:Glutathione Synthase