title: Characterization of five passive sampling devices for monitoring of pesticides in water.
abstract: Five different passive sampler devices were characterized under laboratory conditions for measurement of 124 legacy and current used pesticides in water. In addition, passive sampler derived time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations were compared to time-integrated active sampling in the field. Sampling rates (RS) and passive sampler-water partition coefficients (KPW) were calculated for individual pesticides using silicone rubber (SR), polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS)-A, POCIS-B, Chemcatcher(®) SDB-RPS and Chemcatcher(®) C18. The median RS (Lday(-1)) decreased as follows: SR (0.86)>POCIS-B (0.22)>POCIS-A (0.18)>Chemcatcher(®) SDB-RPS (0.05)>Chemcatcher(®) C18 (0.02), while the median logKPW (Lkg(-1)) decreased as follows: POCIS-B (4.78)>POCIS-A (4.56)>Chemcatcher(®) SDB-RPS (3.17)>SR (3.14)>Chemcatcher(®)C18 (2.71). The uptake of the selected compounds depended on their physicochemical properties, i.e. SR showed a better uptake for more hydrophobic compounds (log octanol-water partition coefficient (KOW)>5.3), whereas POCIS-A, POCIS-B and Chemcatcher(®) SDB-RPS were more suitable for hydrophilic compounds (logKOW<0.70). Overall, the comparison between passive sampler and time-integrated active sampler concentrations showed a good agreement and the tested passive samplers were suitable for capturing compounds with a wide range of KOW's in water.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: lutz.ahrens@slu.se.
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ahrens
authors.affiliation: Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Center for Chemical Pesticides, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Atlasi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daneshvar
authors.affiliation: Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Center for Chemical Pesticides, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Center for Chemical Pesticides, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kreuger
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006540:Herbicides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D006540:Herbicides; D007306:Insecticides; D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Chemcatcher(®); POCIS; Passive sampling; Pesticides; Silicone rubber; Surface water