title: Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in HIV Infection: Analysis of Impaired Mucosal Immune Response to Candida albicans in Mice Expressing the HIV-1 Transgene.
abstract: IL-17-producing Th17 cells are of critical importance in host defense against oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). Speculation about defective Th17 responses to oral C. albicans infection in the context of HIV infection prompted an investigation of innate and adaptive immune responses to Candida albicans in transgenic mice expressing the genome of HIV-1 in immune cells and displaying an AIDS-like disease. Defective IL-17 and IL-22-dependent mucosal responses to C. albicans were found to determine susceptibility to OPC in these transgenic mice. Innate phagocytes were quantitatively and functionally intact, and individually dispensable for control of OPC and to prevent systemic dissemination of Candida to deep organs. CD8+ T-cells recruited to the oral mucosa of the transgenic mice limited the proliferation of C. albicans in these conditions of CD4+ T-cell deficiency. Therefore, the immunopathogenesis of OPC in the context of HIV infection involves defective T-cell-mediated immunity, failure of crosstalk with innate mucosal immune effector mechanisms, and compensatory cell responses, which limit Candida infection to the oral mucosa and prevent systemic dissemination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. louis.de.repentigny@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Repentigny
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. mathieu.goupil@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goupil
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110, avenue des Pins Ouest, Montreal, PQ H2W 1R7, Canada. paul.jolicoeur@ircm.qc.ca.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jolicoeur
keywords: AIDS; Candidiasis; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); mucosal immunity; transgenic mice