title: Update on the evidence for functional rhinoplasty techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Functional rhinoplasty is a term that is commonly used to describe any technique used to address nasal obstruction in the nasal valve region. The cause of nasal valve collapse differs based on the site. Internal valve collapse may be idiopathic or associated with previous rhinoplasty, trauma, or weakened cartilage in older patients. External valve collapse is usually idiopathic and less likely to be associated with previous surgery. Various techniques have been developed over time, and the data in support of functional rhinoplasty continue to increase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This article discusses popular techniques currently in use, as well as newer techniques that have been described over the past several years. In addition, there is a trend toward utilizing objective testing and validated assessment scales to assess postoperative changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Functional rhinoplasty utilizes a multitude of techniques to address nasal valve collapse. Although high-level data are lacking, the current literature is in support of nasal valve correction to improve nasal breathing. Most importantly, the technique employed is unique for each patient.
authors.affiliation: Division of Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Taha Z
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Shipchandler
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000601:surgery*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*