title: Benefits of listening to a recording of euphoric joint music making in polydrug abusers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Listening to music can have powerful physiological and therapeutic effects. Some essential features of the mental mechanism underlying beneficial effects of music are probably strong physiological and emotional associations with music created during the act of music making. Here we tested this hypothesis in a clinical population of polydrug abusers in rehabilitation listening to a previously performed act of physiologically and emotionally intense music making.
  
  
  METHODS
  Psychological effects of listening to self-made music that was created in a previous musical feedback intervention were assessed. In this procedure, participants produced music with exercise machines (Jymmin) which modulate musical sounds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data showed a positive effect of listening to the recording of joint music making on self-efficacy, mood, and a readiness to engage socially. Furthermore, the data showed the powerful influence of context on how the recording evoked psychological benefits. The effects of listening to the self-made music were only observable when participants listened to their own performance first; listening to a control music piece first caused effects to deteriorate. We observed a positive correlation between participants' mood and their desire to engage in social activities with their former training partners after listening to the self-made music. This shows that the observed effects of listening to the recording of the single musical feedback intervention are influenced by participants recapitulating intense pleasant social interactions during the Jymmin intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Listening to music that was the outcome of a previous musical feedback (Jymmin) intervention has beneficial psychological and probably social effects in patients that had suffered from polydrug addiction, increasing self-efficacy, mood, and a readiness to engage socially. These intervention effects, however, depend on the context in which the music recordings are presented.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany ; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany ; Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM) Gent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Thomas Hans
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Marius
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lederer
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Eira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fomicheva
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Arno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villringer
keywords: addiction; agency (psychology); exercise; mentalizing; mood disorders; music therapy