title: Disentangling the Longitudinal Relations of Race, Sex, and Socioeconomic Status, for Childhood Body Mass Index Trajectories.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Race, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with childhood obesity. The present research longitudinally examines these factors with 12,674 White and Black children from kindergarten through 8th grade.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body mass index (BMI) data were collected and standardized at six time points (zBMI). Using Latent Growth Curve Modeling, race and sex were evaluated as moderators for the relation between SES and initial zBMI and rate of zBMI change.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher SES significantly predicted higher initial zBMI for Black males and lower initial zBMI and rate of change for White males. A nonlinear relation between SES and zBMI was found for White females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SES has a differential impact on adiposity for different demographic groups. The longitudinal nature of the study and the focus on younger school-aged children provide important information regarding the complex interplay of race, sex, and SES for the prediction of childhood adiposity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis and ggbanks@memphis.edu.
authors.forename: Gabrielle G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Banks
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.
authors.forename: Kristoffer S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Berlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis and.
authors.forename: Tiffany M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Rybak
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis and.
authors.forename: Rebecca C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kamody
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis and.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D057238:Growth Charts; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: longitudinal study; pediatric obesity; race/ethnicity; sex; socio-economic status