title: Spermine and lutein quench chlorophyll fluorescence in isolated PSII antenna complexes.
abstract: Non photochemical quenching is a spontaneous mechanism that protects plants and algae from photodamage. In the last two decades, carotenoids through the xanthophylls cycle have been proposed to play a key role in quenching of chlorophyll. More recently, the involvement of endogenous polyamines in energy-dependent component of non photochemical quenching has been suggested by several research groups. In the present contribution, the combined effect of spermine and the xanthophylls, zeaxanthin and lutein on the fluorescence of antenna complexes of photosystem II was tested in vitro. Lutein caused significant quenching on trimeric and monomeric antenna complexes, whereas zeaxanthin under our experimental conditions had negligible effect. Spermine has been shown to allow fluorescence quenching to be induced in isolated antenna in the absence of ΔpH and to accelerate quenching formation. The simultaneous treatment of spermine and lutein maximizes quenching even at relatively low concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malliarakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsiavos
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Electronic address: Ioannidis@biology.uoc.gr.
authors.forename: Nikolaos E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Electronic address: kotzab@biology.uoc.gr.
authors.forename: Kiriakos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kotzabasis
mesh_terms: D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D005453:Fluorescence; D014975:Lutein / Q000378:metabolism*; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D013096:Spermine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D065146:Zeaxanthins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D065146:Zeaxanthins; D002734:Chlorophyll; D013096:Spermine; D014975:Lutein
keywords: Lutein; Non photochemical quenching; Photosystem II antenna; Spermine; Zeaxanthin