title: Gradient x Isocratic Elution CCC on the Isolation of Verbascoside and Other Phenylethanoids: Influence of the Complexity of the Matrix.
abstract: Verbascoside is a phenylethanoid glycoside widely distributed in nature, especially among the order Lamiales, occurring in numerous plants that are constituents of folk medicine preparations. This natural compound, previously isolated by our group from the ethyl acetate extract of Lantana trifolia using the gradient approach in countercurrent chromatography, was now isolated from the butanol extract of the same plant and from Lippia alba f. intermedia (Verbenaceae) using countercurrent chromatography in either gradient or isocratic elution modes. The ethyl acetate extract of L. alba, rich in phenylethanoids and flavonoids, was fractionated using countercurrent chromatography in the step-gradient elution approach. The four-step solvent system was composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-n-butanol-water (4 : 10 : X : 10), where X = 1 (solvent system A), 3 (solvent system B), 5 (solvent system C), and 7 (solvent system D), and allowed for the isolation of verbascoside along with other phenylethanoids and flavonoids from both plants. Verbascoside and 2'-O-β-apiosylverbascoside were further isolated from the n-butanol extract of L. trifolia using the solvent system ethyl acetate-n-butanol-water 10 : 2 : 10 on an isocratic run. The difference in the complexity of the two plant extracts demanded different purification steps, which included a second high-speed countercurrent chromatography purification using the isocratic elution mode.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilda Guimarães
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Leitão
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Curso de Farmácia/Campus-Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Shaft Correa
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danilo Ribeiro
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Timoteo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michelle Guedes
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wilmer H Perera
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Cordova
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suzana Guimarães
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Leitão
mesh_terms: D020001:1-Butanol; D000085:Acetates; D001938:Brazil; D003377:Countercurrent Distribution; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005960:Glucosides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D032410:Lantana / Q000737:chemistry*; D032411:Lippia / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012997:Solvents; D059808:Polyphenols
chemical_list: D020001:1-Butanol; D000085:Acetates; D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; C058956:acteoside; D059808:Polyphenols; C007650:ethyl acetate