title: Small extracellular vesicles as tumor biomarkers for glioblastoma.
abstract: Small extracellular organelles such as exosomes and microvesicles are currently being studied as a novel way to track tumor progression, pseudoprogression, and treatment monitoring. Their role in intercellular communication shows potential in the treatment of even the most formidable cancers. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignancy of the brain and has no known cure. A large emphasis has been placed on trying to improve the prognosis of this aggressive primary brain tumor. It has recently been discovered that small extracellular vesicles, mainly exosomes and microvesicles, play a role in the cell signaling process that leads to uncontrollable cell growth indicative of a tumor state. Here we describe the role of exosomes and microvesicles as a tumor biomarker for tracking the progression of different types of cancer, with an emphasis on GBM.
authors.affiliation: Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Biology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Keon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.affiliation: NX Pharmagen, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ezrin
authors.affiliation: Brain Tumor Nanotechnology Laboratory, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: chadjip@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Costas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hadjipanayis
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D002450:Cell Communication; D055354:Exosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Biomarker; Cancer; Exosome; Glioblastoma; Microvesicle