title: The Influence of Social Support on Smoking Cessation Treatment Adherence Among HIV+ Smokers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The high prevalence of smoking among people living with HIV is a significant problem. Nonadherence to smoking cessation pharmacotherapy is a barrier for successfully quitting. The current study investigated the extent to which social support variables impact adherence and cessation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 444 HIV+ smokers who provided data on nicotine patch adherence, social support, and smoking. We conducted a path analysis to estimate (1) the effects of six social support indicators at baseline on nicotine patch adherence; (2) the effect of patch adherence on 7-day point prevalence smoking at 6-month follow-up; and (3) the indirect effects of social support indicators on 7-day point prevalence smoking at 6-month follow-up via patch adherence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tested model demonstrated good fit as indicated by the comparative fit index, root mean square error of approximation, and weighted root mean square residual (0.94, 0.02, and 0.51, respectively). Path analysis results indicated greater social support network contact was associated with higher levels of nicotine patch adherence (β = .13, P = .02), greater patch adherence was associated with a lower probability of 7-day point prevalence smoking at 6-month follow-up (β = -.47, P < .001) and greater social support network contact (β = -.06, P = .03) had a significant indirect effect on 7-day point prevalence smoking at 6-month follow-up via patch adherence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings have implications for smoking cessation interventions that seek to capitalize on the beneficial effects of social support. Such efforts should account for the role that frequency of contact may have on nicotine patch use and other treatment-related mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Health Disparities Research, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX; made@mdanderson.org.
authors.forename: Marcel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Dios
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Sciences, Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, American Legacy Foundation, Washington, DC;
authors.forename: Cassandra A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stanton
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL;
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Cano
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA;
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lloyd-Richardson
authors.affiliation: Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, American Legacy Foundation, Washington, DC; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niaura
mesh_terms: D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012944:Social Support; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy