title: Waterpipe use among high school students in Ontario: Demographic and substance use correlates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine waterpipe use and its association with demographic factors, tobacco cigarette smoking, ever use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and alcohol use among high school students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were derived from the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a school-based survey of 7th to 12th grade students. This province-wide survey was based on a stratified two-stage cluster design. Analyses were based on a subsample of 2,873 high school students and included adjustments for the complex sample design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 12.5% of high school students (grades 9-12) had used a waterpipe in the previous year. Awareness of waterpipes was high - 68.4% of students reported that they were aware of waterpipes but had not used one in the past year; 19.1% had never heard of waterpipes or hookah. The percentage of high school students reporting waterpipe use in the past year was similar to reports of tobacco cigarette use (12.5% and 11% respectively). Waterpipe use was highly associated with past-year tobacco cigarette and regular alcohol use as well as ever use of e-cigarettes. In multivariate analyses, males and females had similar odds of waterpipe use, and non-White students and those in higher grades had greater odds of use after controlling for other substance use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that waterpipe use among high school students should be of some concern and suggest the need for policy measures to address potential risks associated with use.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. hayley.hamilton@camh.ca.
authors.forename: Hayley A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferrence
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boak
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Edward M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Adlaf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Waterpipe smoking; adolescents; hookah smoking; tobacco use