title: Shuffling your way out of change blindness.
abstract: Change detection is typically discussed in the literature as a 2-state phenomenon. Small differences between otherwise identical images are easy to detect when the images are superimposed in space and alternated in time ("shuffled"). However, change blindness results from any disruption that prevents the critical change from generating the sole salient transient. Here we show that different presentation strategies produce different degrees of change blindness for the same change. Specifically, shuffling the images supports faster change detection than viewing the same 2 images side by side, even when the images contain a number of distracting differences. In Experiment 1, pairs of photographs having a 50 % chance of containing a difference were viewed either in alternation, in a "Shuffle" condition, or simultaneously, in a "Side-by-Side" condition. Change detection was about 6 seconds faster when the images were viewed in the "Shuffle" mode. In Experiment 2, we presented two images that were slightly laterally shifted relative to each other (0-48 pixels). The RT benefit for the Shuffle viewing mode was very strong when the relative shift was small, to insignificant when there was a large difference between the two images. However, at large shifts, Shuffle maintained an accuracy advantage. It seems that changes are easier to detect when comparing images in a Shuffle condition rather than Side-by-Side. This has important implications for real world tasks like radiology where detection of change is critical.
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. emilie.josephs.1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Josephs
authors.affiliation: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Trafton
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Drew
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wolfe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D053483:Eye Movement Measurements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Change blindness; Eye-tracking; Scene perception; Visual search