title: A multi-layered vascular scaffold with symmetrical structure by bi-directional gradient electrospinning.
abstract: Multi-layered scaffolds are advantageous in vascular tissue engineering, in consideration of better combination of biomechanics, biocompatibility and biodegradability than the scaffolds with single structure. In this study, a bi-directional gradient electrospinning method was developed to fabricate poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone) (P(LLA-CL)), collagen and chitosan based tubular scaffold with multi-layered symmetrical structure. The multi-layered composite scaffold showed improved mechanical property and biocompatibility, in comparison to the blended scaffold using the same proportion of raw materials. Endothelialization on the multi-layered scaffold was accelerated owing to the bioactive surface made of pure natural materials. hSMCs growth showed the similar results because of its better biocompatibility. Additionally, fibers morphology change, pH value balance and long term mechanical support results showed that the gradient structure effectively improved biodegradability.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Anlin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hany
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ei-Hamshary
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Salem S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Al-Deyab
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China. Electronic address: xmm@dhu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiumei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
mesh_terms: D001808:Blood Vessels; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
keywords: Chitosan; Collagen; Electrospinning; Multi-layered vascular scaffolds; P(LLA-CL); Tissue engineering