title: Management of adrenocortical insufficiency with continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion: long-term experience in three patients.
abstract: To assess continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion (CSHI) in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency (AI) and difficulties with oral replacement. Three patients with AI and frequent hospital admissions attributed to adrenal crises were treated with CSHI, which was delivered via a continuous subcutaneous infusion. All three patients preferred CSHI and remained on it long term, which permitted prolonged follow-up analysis. All three patients reported symptomatic improvement, and in two cases, reduced hospital admission rates and inpatient stay lengths were observed. The cost of hospital admissions and overall treatment was reduced in all cases. CSHI offers a practical and acceptable alternative to oral replacement in a subset of patients with AI. The cost of initiating and maintaining the pump is offset in the long term by reduced frequency and duration of emergency admissions. CSHI can therefore be considered in a select group of patients who are resistant to treatment with conventional oral glucocorticoids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous subcutaneous infusion of cortisol is a viable alternative in patients unable to take oral steroids.Patient acceptability was high, with three out of three patients preferring to remain on pump treatment.Hospital admissions were reduced in response to pump therapy, which compensated for the increased treatment cost.The daily dosage of hydrocortisone can be reduced by using pump therapy.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester, M13 9PT , UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khanna
authors.affiliation: Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester, M13 9WL , UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khurana
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of South Manchester , Manchester, M23 9LT , UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kyriacou
authors.affiliation: Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester, M13 9WL , UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester, M13 9PT , UK ; Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester, M13 9WL , UK.
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Ray