title: Comparison of Brain Tumor Contrast-enhancement on T1-CUBE and 3D-SPGR Images.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  T1-Cube (GE HealthCare) is a relatively new 3-dimensional (3D) fast spin-echo (FSE)-based magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequence that uses a variable flip angle to acquire gap-free volume scans. We compared the gadolinium enhancement characteristics of a heterogeneous population of brain tumors imaged by T1-Cube and then 3D fast spoiled gradient recall acquisition in steady state (3D FSPGR) 3-tesla MR imaging to identify the superior modality for specific diagnostic purposes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 61 lesions from 32 patients using the 2 sequences after administration of gadopentetic acid (Gd-DTPA; 0.1 mmol/kg). Two neuroradiologists independently measured each lesion twice using a region-of-interest (ROI) method. We measured the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the difference in signal intensity (SI) between the tumor and normal white matter relative to the standard deviation (SD) of the SI within the lesion, for both post-contrast 3D FSPGR and post-contrast T1-Cube images of the same tumor and compared modality-specific CNRs for all tumors and in subgroups defined by tumor size, enhancement ratio, and histopathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean CNR was significantly higher on T1-Cube images than 3D FSPGR images for the total tumor population (1.85 ± 0.97 versus 1.12 ± 1.05, P < 0.01) and the histologic types, i.e., metastasis (P < 0.01) and lymphoma (P < 0.05). The difference in CNR was even larger for smaller tumors in the metastatic group (4.95 to 23.5 mm(2)) (P < 0.01). In contrast, mean CNRs did not differ between modalities for high grade glioma and meningioma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gadolinium enhancement of brain tumors was generally higher when imaged by T1-Cube than 3D FSPGR, and T1-Cube with Gd enhancement may be superior to 3D FSPGR for detecting smaller metastatic tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School.
authors.forename: Mungunkhuyag
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majigsuren
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Teruyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kageji
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otomi
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uyama
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagahiro
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008579:Meningioma / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009837:Oligodendroglioma / Q000175:diagnosis; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA