title: Mouse Hepatic Tumor Vascular Imaging by Experimental Selective Angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has unique vascular features, which require selective imaging of hepatic arterial perfusion and portal venous perfusion with vascular catheterization for sufficient evaluation. Unlike in humans, vessels in mice are too small to catheterize, and the importance of separately imaging the feeding vessels of tumors is frequently overlooked in hepatic tumor models. The purpose of this study was to perform selective latex angiography in several mouse liver tumor models and assess their suitability.
  
  
  METHODS
  In several ectopic (Lewis lung carcinoma, B16/F10 melanoma cell lines) and spontaneous liver tumor (Albumin-Cre/MST1fl/fl/MST2fl/fl, Albumin-Cre/WW45fl/fl, and H-ras12V genetically modified mouse) models, the heart left ventricle and/or main portal vein of mice was punctured, and latex dye was infused to achieve selective latex arteriography and/or portography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  H-ras12V transgenic mice (a HCC and hepatic adenoma model) developed multiple liver nodules that displayed three different perfusion patterns (portal venous or hepatic artery perfusion predominant, mixed perfusion), indicating intra-tumoral vascular heterogeneity. Selective latex angiography revealed that the Lewis lung carcinoma implant model and the Albumin-Cre/WW45fl/fl model reproduced conventional angiography findings of human HCC. Specifically, these mice developed tumors with abundant feeding arteries but no portal venous perfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different hepatic tumor models showed different tumor vessel characteristics that influence the suitability of the model and that should be considered when designing translational experiments. Selective latex angiography applied to certain mouse tumor models (both ectopic and spontaneous) closely simulated typical characteristics of human HCC vascular imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Kyum
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Honsoul
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Research Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Stem Cell, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gou Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae-Sik
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae-Yeul
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Man Deuk
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011172:Portography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media