title: Butyltins, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments and bivalve mollusks in a mid-latitude environment from the Patagonian coastal zone.
abstract: Butyltins (BTs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in a mid-latitude environment of the Patagonian coast, distant from significant pollutant sources. Bioaccumulation processes through bottom sediment resuspension were suggested by BTs level (expressed as ng of tin [Sn] g(-1) dry wt) found in surface sediment (<limit of detection [LOD]-166.5 ng [Sn] g(-1) dry wt) and bivalve mollusks (29.4-206.0 ng [Sn] g(-1) dry wt); whereas imposex incidence was only 15% in the gastropod Pareuthria plumbea collected near a harbor. Low hydrocarbon pollution was found in sediments and bivalves with ∑PAHs(16) ranging from <LOD to 94.9 ng g(-1) dry weight and from <LOD to 54.9 ng g(-1) dry weight, respectively. Values were typical of locations distant from pollutant sources and showed different compositional patterns for both substrates. However, concentrations for some individual PAHs in sediments were found over the threshold effect level. On average, ΣPCB did not exceed the sediment quality guidelines being 0.57 ± 0.88 ng g(-1) dry weight in sediments and 0.41 ± 0.26 ng g(-1) dry weight in bivalves. Average ΣOCPs in sediments were 0.53 ± 0.34 ng g(-1) dry weight and ranged from <LOD to 0.22 ng g(-1) dry weight in bivalves, showing a different pattern and suggesting a different accumulation pathway as was found for PAHs. Although both discrete and atmospheric sources can be considered for PAHs, organochlorines pollution was clearly related to atmospheric global transport, indicating that in the studied area, OCPs and PCBs experience permanent or temporal deposition during their migration to southern zones.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography and Water Pollution (LOQYCA), Patagonian National Center-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marta G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Commendatore
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography and Water Pollution (LOQYCA), Patagonian National Center-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.|National Technology University-Chubut Regional Faculty, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marcos A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Organic Microcontaminants and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (CONECO), Federal University of Río Grande (FURG), Río Grande, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gomes Costa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Organic Microcontaminants and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (CONECO), Federal University of Río Grande (FURG), Río Grande, Brazil.|Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Marine Contamination (LECMAR), Federal University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Italo B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Organic Microcontaminants and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (CONECO), Federal University of Río Grande (FURG), Río Grande, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fillmann
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproduction and Integrative Biology of Marine Invertebrates (LARBIM), Patagonia National Center-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gregorio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bigatti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography and Water Pollution (LOQYCA), Patagonian National Center-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Esteves
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography and Water Pollution (LOQYCA), Patagonian National Center-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.|National Technology University-Chubut Regional Faculty, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marina L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nievas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001118:Argentina; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D011786:Quality Control; D017971:Tin Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007306:Insecticides; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D017971:Tin Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Butyltins; Organochlorines; PAHs; Pollutant sources; sediment quality