title: Longitudinal Associations Between Cybervictimization and Mental Health Among U.S. Adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An emerging body of literature suggests that victims of bullying report detrimental mental health outcomes, such as depression and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between cybervictimization, depression, and anxiety among school-aged youth over a 3-year time frame.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students in Grades 6 through 12 at the initial wave of the study responded to survey items designed to assess their online experiences, including cybervictimization and self-reported depression and anxiety at three separate time points, over a 3-year period. In total, 559 school-aged youth participated in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results suggest a reciprocal relationship between cybervictimization and depression and cybervictimization and anxiety. More specifically, depression at Time 1 predicted cybervictimization at Time 2, depression at Time 2 predicted cybervictimization at Time 3, and cybervictimization at Time 1 predicted depression at Time 3. Additionally, cybervictimization at Time 1 predicted anxiety at Time 2, cybervictimization at Time 2 predicted anxiety at Time 3, and anxiety at Time 1 predicted cybervictimization at Time 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the findings from this study, cybervictimization, depression, and anxiety seem to have a reciprocal relationship. Therefore, educational and mental health professionals should consider interventions that address adolescents' online experiences, while supporting mental health and social and emotional learning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Special Education, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
authors.forename: Chad A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.affiliation: USC Rossier School of Education, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: btynes@usc.edu.
authors.forename: Brendesha M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Tynes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000067697:Adolescent Health; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D058445:Bullying; D002648:Child; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D057566:Self Report; D012944:Social Support
keywords: Anxiety; Bullying; Cyberbullying; Depression; Harassment; Internet; Longitudinal; Victimization