title: Screening of β-Glucosidase and β-Xylosidase Activities in Four Non-Saccharomyces Yeast Isolates.
abstract: The finding of new isolates of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, showing beneficial enzymes (such as β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase), can contribute to the production of quality wines. In a selection and characterization program, we have studied 114 isolates of non-Saccharomyces yeasts. Four isolates were selected because of their both high β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase activities. The ribosomal D1/D2 regions were sequenced to identify them as Pichia membranifaciens Pm7, Hanseniaspora vineae Hv3, H. uvarum Hu8, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus Wa1. The induction process was optimized to be carried on YNB-medium supplemented with 4% xylan, inoculated with 106 cfu/mL and incubated 48 h at 28 °C without agitation. Most of the strains had a pH optimum of 5.0 to 6.0 for both the β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase activities. The effect of sugars was different for each isolate and activity. Each isolate showed a characteristic set of inhibition, enhancement or null effect for β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase. The volatile compounds liberated from wine incubated with each of the 4 yeasts were also studied, showing an overall terpene increase (1.1 to 1.3-folds) when wines were treated with non-Saccharomyces isolates. In detail, terpineol, 4-vinyl-phenol and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol increased after the addition of Hanseniaspora isolates. Wines treated with Hanseniaspora, Wickerhamomyces, or Pichia produced more 2-phenyl ethanol than those inoculated with other yeasts.
authors.affiliation: Dept. de Microbiologia i Ecologia, Univ. de València, Dr. Moliner, 50. E-46100, Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: María Consuelo
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Dept. de Microbiologia i Ecologia, Univ. de València, Dr. Moliner, 50. E-46100, Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: José Juan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mateo
authors.affiliation: Dept. de Microbiologia i Ecologia, Univ. de València, Dr. Moliner, 50. E-46100, Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maicas
mesh_terms: D002175:Candida / Q000201:enzymology; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism; D010843:Pichia / Q000201:enzymology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D004718:Saccharomycetales / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism; D014753:Vinyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000201:enzymology*; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D013729:Terpenes; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; D006139:Guaiacol; C526552:2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol; D014995:Xylosidases; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; C026579:exo-1,4-beta-D-xylosidase
keywords: non-Saccharomyces yeasts; β-glucosidase; β-xylosidase