title: Using white noise to gate organic transistors for dynamic monitoring of cultured cell layers.
abstract: Impedance sensing of biological systems allows for monitoring of cell and tissue properties, including cell-substrate attachment, layer confluence, and the "tightness" of an epithelial tissue. These properties are critical for electrical detection of tissue health and viability in applications such as toxicological screening. Organic transistors based on conducting polymers offer a promising route to efficiently transduce ionic currents to attain high quality impedance spectra, but collection of complete impedance spectra can be time consuming (minutes). By applying uniform white noise at the gate of an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), and measuring the resulting current noise, we are able to dynamically monitor the impedance and thus integrity of cultured epithelial monolayers. We show that noise sourcing can be used to track rapid monolayer disruption due to compounds which interfere with dynamic polymerization events crucial for maintaining cytoskeletal integrity, and to resolve sub-second alterations to the monolayer integrity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rivnay
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France [2] Microvitae Technologies, Hôtel Technologique, Europarc Sainte Victoire Bât 6 Route de Valbrillant, 13590 Meyreuil, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leleux
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramuz
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huerta
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Malliaras
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
authors.forename: Roisin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Owens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004285:Dogs; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004560:Electricity; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D009622:Noise; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D014173:Transistors, Electronic
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers