title: Clinical conditions associated with intestinal strongyloidiasis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth that produces an infection that can persist for decades. The relationships between certain clinical conditions and strongyloidiasis remains controversial. This study aims to identify the clinical conditions associated with intestinal strongyloidiasis at a reference center for infectious diseases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical conditions that were assessed included HIV/AIDS, HTLV infection, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obstructive respiratory diseases, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, cancer, chronic renal disease, nutritional/metabolic disorders, psychiatric conditions, rheumatic diseases and dermatologic diseases. We compared 167 S. stercoralis-positive and 133 S. stercoralis-negative patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After controlling for sex (male/female OR = 2.29; 95% (CI): (1.42 - 3.70), rheumatic diseases remained significantly associated with intestinal strongyloidiasis (OR: 4.96; 95% CI: 1.34-18.37) in a multiple logistic regression model. With respect to leukocyte counts, patients with strongyloidiasis presented with significantly higher relative eosinophil (10.32% ± 7.2 vs. 4.23% ± 2.92) and monocyte (8.49% ± 7.25 vs. 5.39% ± 4.31) counts and lower segmented neutrophil (52.85% ± 15.31 vs. 61.32% ± 11.4) and lymphocyte counts (28.11% ± 9.72 vs. 30.90% ± 9.51) than S. stercoralis-negative patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strongyloidiasis should be routinely investigated in hospitalized patients with complex conditions facilitate the treatment of patients who will undergo immunosuppressive therapy. Diagnoses should be determined through the use of appropriate parasitological methods, such as the Baermann-Moraes technique.
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anna Caryna
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alena Mayo
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Iñiguez
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Taiza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcio Neves
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Bóia
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Filipe Anibal
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Carvalho-Costa
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D013322:Strongyloidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology