title: Prevalence of Anemia in Latin America and the Caribbean.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In Latin America and the Caribbean, anemia has been a public health problem that affects mainly women of childbearing age and children under 6 years of age. However, the current prevalence of anemia in this region is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the latest available prevalence data on anemia in Latin America and the Caribbean.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review was conducted in 2011 and updated in 2014. Studies determining the prevalence of anemia conducted in apparently healthy populations with national or regional representativeness were included in the review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lowest prevalence rates of anemia among children under 6 years of age were found in Chile (4.0%), Costa Rica (4.0%), Argentina (7.6%), and Mexico (19.9%). In Nicaragua, Brazil, Ecuador, El Panama, and Honduras, anemia was a moderate public health problem, with prevalence ranging Salvador, Cuba, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Peru, from 20.1% to 37.3%. Anemia was a severe public health problem in Guatemala, Haiti, and Bolivia. The prevalence of anemia among women of childbearing age was lowest in Chile (5.1%). In Colombia, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Honduras, and Argentina, anemia was a mild public health problem, with prevalence ranging from 7.6% to 18.7%. In Guatemala, Brazil, the Dominican Republic, and Bolivia, anemia was a moderate public health problem, with prevalence ranging from 21.4% to 38.3%. Panama and Haiti had the highest reported prevalence rates (40.0% and 45.5%, respectively), and anemia was considered a severe public health problem in those countries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anemia remains a public health problem in children under 6 years of age and women of childbearing age in most Latin America and Caribbean countries for which data are available.
authors.forename: María F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Mujica-Coopman
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: López de Romaña
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ríos-Castillo
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Coris
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olivares
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D001838:Bolivia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D017691:Caribbean Region / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003364:Costa Rica / Q000453:epidemiology; D004293:Dominican Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D004484:Ecuador / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006166:Guatemala / Q000453:epidemiology; D006205:Haiti / Q000453:epidemiology; D006721:Honduras / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009527:Nicaragua / Q000453:epidemiology; D010176:Panama / Q000453:epidemiology; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy