title: Antibiotic resistance genes in manure-amended soil and vegetables at harvest.
abstract: Lettuce and endive, which can be eaten raw, were planted on the manure-amended soil in order to explore the influence of plants on the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bulk soil and rhizosphere soil, and the occurrence of ARGs on harvested vegetables. Twelve ARGs and one integrase gene (intI1) were detected in all soil samples. Five ARGs (sulI, tetG, tetC, tetA, and tetM) showed lower abundance in the soil with plants than those without. ARGs and intI1 gene were also detected on harvested vegetables grown in manure-amended soil, including endophytes and phyllosphere microorganisms. The results demonstrated that planting had an effect on the distribution of ARGs in manure-amended soil, and ARGs were detected on harvested vegetables after growing in manure-amended soil, which had potential threat to human health.
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Feng-Hua
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China. Electronic address: minqiao@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian-Qiang
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China.
authors.forename: Yong-Guan
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics*; D017343:Genes, Plant; D008372:Manure; D012987:Soil; D014675:Vegetables / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D012987:Soil
keywords: Antibiotic resistance genes; Integrase gene; Manure-amended soil; Vegetables