title: [Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae in fecal samples at the National Institute of Child Health, Peru].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteriaceae in fecal samples at the National Institute of Child Health, Lima, Peru.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stool samples received between July 2012 and March 2013 with colonies suspected to be ESBL-producing enterobacteriaceae that developed in Karmali agar were analyzed. Conventional methods were performed for biochemical identification and the confirmation of the ESBL phenotype. Genotypic analysis to detect the beta-lactamase gene CTX-M family was performed by PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 235 fecal samples analyzed, 64.2% of ESBL-producing enterobacteria was isolated being 86.1% Escherichia coli, 7.9% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2.6% Salmonella sp, 2.0% Enterobacter cloacae, and 1.3% Proteus mirabilis. 89.1% of the ESBL-producing enterobacteria presented the CTX-M gene. We found high resistance to nalidixic acid 84.8%, 74.2% ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 81.5%.The resistance to amikacin was 1.3% and all isolates were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high frequency of ESBL-producing enterobacteria was found in fecal samples of outpatients seen in the outpatient and emergency departments of the National Institute of Child Health of Peru.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
authors.forename: Fabiola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Colquechagua Aliaga
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Lima, Perú
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sevilla Andrade
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gonzales Escalante
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000201:enzymology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010568:Peru; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D001618:beta-Lactamases