title: Lactobacillus kunkeei YB38 from honeybee products enhances IgA production in healthy adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify lactic acid bacterial isolates, which promote immunoglobulin A (IgA) production in honeybee products and honeybees (Apis mellifera).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pyrosequencing analysis of the microbiota of honeybee products and honeybees revealed the predominance of Lactobacillus kunkeei in honey, bee pollen, bee bread and royal jelly. Lactobacillus kunkeei was isolated from bee pollen, bee bread and honey stomach, and its effect on IgA production was evaluated in vitro. Heat-killed YB38 and YB83 isolates from bee pollen promoted IgA production in mouse Peyer's Patch cells and had little mitogenic activity or effect on IL-2 production in mouse spleen cells in comparison with Listeria monocytogenes, which does exhibit mitogen activity. A pilot study in 11 healthy adults showed that 4-week intake of 1000 mg day(-1) heat-killed YB38 increased secretory IgA (SIgA) concentrations and secretion in saliva with no adverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heat-killed Lact. kunkeei YB38 from bee pollen increases IgA production and may safely improve immune responsiveness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of microbiota analysis of royal jelly and the immune efficacy of Lact. kunkeei from honeybee products in humans.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asama
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: T-H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gomi
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keishi
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tatefuji
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees; D005260:Female; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D064307:Microbiota; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007376:Interleukin-2
keywords: Immunoglobulin A; Lactobacillus kunkeei; bee pollen; honeybee products; microbiota