title: Characterization of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Integration in the Horse Genome.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 has a unique integration profile in the human genome relative to murine and avian retroviruses. Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is another well-studied lentivirus that can also be used as a promising retro-transfection vector, but its integration into its native host has not been characterized. In this study, we mapped 477 integration sites of the EIAV strain EIAVFDDV13 in fetal equine dermal (FED) cells during in vitro infection. Published integration sites of EIAV and HIV-1 in the human genome were also analyzed as references. Our results demonstrated that EIAVFDDV13 tended to integrate into genes and AT-rich regions, and it avoided integrating into transcription start sites (TSS), which is consistent with EIAV and HIV-1 integration in the human genome. Notably, the integration of EIAVFDDV13 favored long interspersed elements (LINEs) and DNA transposons in the horse genome, whereas the integration of HIV-1 favored short interspersed elements (SINEs) in the human genome. The chromosomal environment near LINEs or DNA transposons potentially influences viral transcription and may be related to the unique EIAV latency states in equids. The data on EIAV integration in its natural host will facilitate studies on lentiviral infection and lentivirus-based therapeutic vectors.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. liuqiang_yyy@163.com.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. xuefengwang1982@126.com.
authors.forename: Xue-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. jma@hvri.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. hexijun@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Xi-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. xjw@hvri.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. jianhua_uc@126.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000821:virology; D056426:Genetic Loci; D016678:Genome; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D004860:Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics*; D016662:Virus Integration
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: RefSeq genes; chromosomes; equine infectious anemia virus; integration sites; repetitive elements