title: Maternal hypertensive diseases negatively affect offspring motor development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hypertension in pregnancy and preeclampsia have been linked to poor outcomes in cognitive, mental and psychomotor development; however, few longitudinal studies have researched their effect on offspring motor development, particularly in late childhood and adolescence. The purpose of this study was to determine if maternal hypertensive diseases during pregnancy are a risk factor for compromised motor development at 10, 14, and 17years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal cohort study using data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort Study (Raine).
  
  
  METHODS
  Offspring (n=2868) were classified by their maternal blood pressure profiles during pregnancy: normotension (n=2133), hypertension (n=626) and preeclampsia (n=109). Offspring motor development, at 10, 14, and 17years was measured by the Neuromuscular Developmental Index (NDI) of the McCarron Assessment of Motor Development (MAND).
  
  
  METHODS
  Linear mixed models were used to compare outcomes between pregnancy groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Offspring from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia had poorer motor outcomes at all ages than offspring from either normotensive mothers (p⩽0.001) or those with hypertension (p=0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypertensive diseases during pregnancy, in particular preeclampsia, have long term and possibly permanent consequences for motor development of offspring.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia. Electronic address: 20102122@my.nd.edu.au.
authors.forename: Tegan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grace
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia. Electronic address: max.bulsara@nd.edu.au.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bulsara
authors.affiliation: School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: craig.pennell@uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pennell
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia. Electronic address: beth.hands@nd.edu.au.
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hands
keywords: Adolescence; Hypertension; Motor development; Preeclampsia; Raine Study