title: Contemporary Incidence and Mortality Rates of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to provide an update ever the incidence and mortality for neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a large national database, we examined changes in age-adjusted incidence (AAIR), mortality rates (MR) and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) for 378 patients diagnosed with NEPC between 1992 and 2011. Analysis was performed for all NEPC and for its two major sub-groups [small cell carcinoma (SCC) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC)].
  
  
  RESULTS
  AAIR of NEPC continues to rise in recent years (2004-2011:+6.8%/year, p>0.05). AAIR of SCC has been increasing significantly by 6.94%/year since 2001 (from 0.470 to 0.582/1,000,000 person years, p<0.05). Overall incidence-based mortality rates for NEPC did not change significantly since 1992 and similar trends were observed for SCC and NEC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The AAIR of SCC is increasing with no change in the MR of NEPC over the past 20 years.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, U.S.A. salanee@siumed.edu.
authors.forename: Shaheen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alanee
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nutt
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dynda
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Zawahry
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Kevin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: McVary
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D018426:SEER Program; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 5-year survival; Prostate; androgen deprivation therapy; incidence; mortality; neuroendocrine prostate cancer; prostate cancer