title: Vitamin D regulates cytokine patterns secreted by dendritic cells to promote differentiation of IL-22-producing T cells.
abstract: One central mechanism, by which vitamin D regulates human immune responses, is the direct modulation of dendritic cells (DCs). However, the effect of vitamin D on several key DC functions, such as the secretion of central inflammatory cytokines, remains controversial. Moreover, whether vitamin D treatment of DCs regulates their ability to promote differentiation of IL-17-/IL-22-producing T cell subsets, such as Th17 and Th22 cell, is not known. Here, we report that vitamin D treatment during differentiation of monocytes into DCs markedly enhanced their ability to secrete TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-23. Cytokines secreted by vitamin D-treated DC were significantly more potent in driving differentiation of IL-22-producing T cells, but not IL-17-producing T cells, as compared to secreted cytokines of not-vitamin D-treated DCs. Finally, we found that the differentiation of IL-22-producing T cells mediated by supernatants of vitamin D-treated DCs was dependent on TNF-α IL-6 and IL-23. In summary, our study suggests a novel role of vitamin D in regulating DC-mediated immune responses in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fabri
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D053759:Interleukin-23 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000166:cytology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D053759:Interleukin-23; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014807:Vitamin D; D000097043:Interleukin-22; C508585:IL1B protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human