title: [Patellofemoral instability in trisomy 21: MPFL-Reconstruction as a single procedure].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patellar instability is a common orthopaedic condition which is often seen in younger individuals. Biomechanical studies have shown that the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the most important soft tissue that restrains lateral subluxation of the patella in the beginning of flexion of the knee joint.
  
  
  METHODS
  MPFL reconstruction is an effective procedure to treat recurrent patellar dislocation. Double-bundle and single-bundle procedures have been described. If double-bundle reconstruction is not possible, there are good postoperative outcomes with single-bundle procedure as well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of MPFL reconstruction as a single procedure to treat patellar instability in patients with down syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Grieskirchnerstraße 42, 4600, Wels, Österreich, Alexander.petershofer@klinikum-wegr.at.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petershofer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fingernagel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trieb
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D010329:Patella / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D031222:Patellar Dislocation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D057071:Patellofemoral Joint / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation