title: Resolution of Adsorption and Partition Components of Organic Compounds on Black Carbons.
abstract: Black carbons (BCs) may sequester non-ionic organic compounds by adsorption and/or partition to varying extents. Up to now, no experimental method has been developed to accurately resolve the combined adsorption and partition capacity of a compound on a BC. In this study, a unique "adsorptive displacement method" is introduced to reliably resolve the adsorption and partition components for a solute-BC system. It estimates the solute adsorption on a BC by the use of an adsorptive displacer to displace the adsorbed target solute into the solution phase. The method is validated by tests with uses of activated carbon as the model carbonaceous adsorbent, soil organic matter as the model carbonaceous partition phase, o-xylene and 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene as the reference solutes, and p-nitrophenol as the adsorptive displacer. Thereafter, the adsorption-partition resolution was completed for the two solutes on selected model BCs: four biochars and two National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard soots (SRM-2975 and SRM-1650b). The adsorption and partition components resolved for selected solutes with given BCs and their dependences upon solute properties enable one to cross-check the sorption data of other solutes on the same BCs. The resolved components also provide a theoretical basis for exploring the potential modes and extents of different solute uptakes by given BCs in natural systems.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70701, Taiwan.|‡United States Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, United States.
authors.forename: Cary T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: §State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: ∥Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30011, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Nung
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: ⊥Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Baoliang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: †Department of Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70701, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsair-Fuh
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry; D002722:Chlorobenzenes / Q000737:chemistry; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000737:chemistry; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D053260:Soot / Q000032:analysis*; D014992:Xylenes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002722:Chlorobenzenes; D009596:Nitrophenols; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D053260:Soot; D014992:Xylenes; C540010:biochar; C036720:trichlorobenzene; D002606:Charcoal; C024836:4-nitrophenol; C026114:2-xylene