title: Systemic lupus erythematosus in Crohn's disease: drug-induced or idiopathic?
abstract: Coexistence of Crohn's disease (CD) and idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is very rare. On the other hand, drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE) due to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents is a relatively more common entity. DILE due to anti-TNF agents and idiopathic SLE share common serologic and epidemiologic characteristics making the differentiation between those two entities difficult. We present a case of a 35-year-old woman with CD who developed SLE after treatment with adalimumab and denosumab and persisting symptoms eight months after discontinuation of those agents.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Department, Tzaneion General Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michalopoulos
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Department, Tzaneion General Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.
authors.forename: Spyridon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vrakas
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Department, Tzaneion General Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Makris
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Department, Tzaneion General Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.
authors.forename: Charalampos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tzathas
keywords: Crohn’s disease; DILE; SLE; adalimumab; denosumab