title: A Comparative Study of Biodegradation of Nickel and Chromium from Space Maintainers: An in vitro Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the in vitro biodegradation of nickel and chromium from space maintainers, made of three different companies, i.e (Dantaurum, Rocky mountain and Dtech) in artificial saliva.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised of 30 space maintainers out of which 10 were fabricated using Dantaurum, 10 using Rocky mountain and 10 using Dtech band materials. Stainless steel wire (Dantaurum, Rocky mountain and Konark) was used for making loops and Leone solder and flux was used for soldering. Each group was further divided into four subgroups containing 1, 2, 3 and 4 space maintainers respectively. The space maintainers in each subgroup were placed in separate glass beakers containing 100 ml of artificial saliva at 37°C for 4 weeks. Salivary samples from each beaker was analyzed for nickel and chromium ions separately on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total release of nickel and chromium from all band and loop space maintainers ranged from 0.020 to 1.524 ppm and 0.002 to 0.289 ppm respectively. The release of nickel and chromium between the groups and within the groups was not significant (p < 0.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no substantial release of nickel and chromium from space maintainers made of Dantaurum, Rocky mountain and Dtech which could cause any toxicity. How to cite this article: Anand A, Sharma A, Kumar P, Sandhu M, Sachdeva S, Sachdev V. A Comparative Study of Biodegradation of Nickel and Chromium from Space Maintainers: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015; 8(1):37-41.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh India.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Piush
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Meera
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandhu
authors.affiliation: Senior Lectuerer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Shobhit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sachdev
keywords: Artificial saliva; Chromium; Nickel; Space maintainers.