title: Characteristics of commercial and traditional village poultry farming in Mali with a focus on practices influencing the risk of transmission of avian influenza and Newcastle disease.
abstract: We aimed at characterizing commercial and traditional village poultry farming in Mali, with a focus on practices influencing the risk of transmission of avian influenza and Newcastle disease. Surveys were conducted in 2009-2011 in a study area covering approximately 98% of the Malian poultry population. Among the 282 commercial farms investigated, of which 64 had not been known by the government authorities, 83% were located within a 50km radius from the capitals of the country and regions and 54% had low biosecurity standard. Among the 152 randomly selected village household flocks investigated, characteristics were overall similar to those in other African countries but some differences were notable including a large flock size (median 44 poultry), a low presence of ducks and geese (11% and 1.1% of flocks, respectively), vaccination against Newcastle disease being common (49% of flocks), a low proportion of households selling sick and dead birds (0.7% and 0%, respectively) and limited cohabitation between poultry and humans at night. Our recommendations to limit the risk of disease transmission include (1) for commercial farms, to introduce compulsory farm registration and accreditation, to increase technical proficiency and access to credit for farms with low biosecurity, and to support poultry producer associations; (2) for village poultry, to promote better quarantine and management of sick and dead birds. Such detailed knowledge of country-specific characteristics of poultry production systems is essential to be able to develop more efficient disease risk management policies.
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, Centre Régional de Santé Animale, Sotuba, Route de Koulikoro, BP1813 Bamako, Mali; CIRAD, UPR AGIRs, Campus International Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: sophie.molia@cirad.fr.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Molia
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Central Vétérinaire, Km 8, Route de Koulikoro, BP 2295 Bamako, Mali. Electronic address: iditraorefr@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Idrissa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Traoré
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Central Vétérinaire, Km 8, Route de Koulikoro, BP 2295 Bamako, Mali. Electronic address: kbadian2001@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Badian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kamissoko
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Central Vétérinaire, Km 8, Route de Koulikoro, BP 2295 Bamako, Mali. Electronic address: mladama2002@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Adama
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diakité
authors.affiliation: Direction Nationale des Services Vétérinaires, 03 BP 220 Bamako 3, Mali. Electronic address: maisanogo@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Maimouna Sanogo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sidibé
authors.affiliation: Direction Nationale des Services Vétérinaires, 03 BP 220 Bamako 3, Mali. Electronic address: kadiston1@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Kadiatou Diarra
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Sissoko
authors.affiliation: VEEPH Group, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College St., London NW1 0TU, United Kingdom. Electronic address: pfeiffer@rvc.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Dirk Udo
authors.initials: DU
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D011200:Poultry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D012306:Risk; D012621:Seasons
keywords: Avian influenza; Commercial poultry; Mali; Newcastle disease; Production systems; Village poultry