title: Interrelationship of Multiple Endothelial Dysfunction Biomarkers with Chronic Kidney Disease.
abstract: The interrelationship of multiple endothelial biomarkers and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been well studied. We measured asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), L-arginine, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), von Willebrand factor (vWF), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and nitroglycerin-induced dilation (NID) in 201 patients with CKD and 201 community-based controls without CKD. Multivariable analyses were used to examine the interrelationship of endothelial biomarkers with CKD. The multivariable-adjusted medians (interquartile ranges) were 0.54 (0.40, 0.75) in patients with CKD vs. 0.25 (0.22, 0.27) μmol /L in controls without CKD (p<0.0001 for group difference) for ADMA; 67.0 (49.6, 86.7) vs. 31.0 (27.7, 34.2) μmol/L (p<0.0001) for L-arginine; 230.0 (171.6, 278.6) vs. 223.9 (178.0, 270.6) ng/mL (p=0.55) for sICAM-1; 981.7 (782.6, 1216.8) vs. 633.2 (507.8, 764.3) ng/mL (p<0.0001) for sVCAM-1; 47.9 (35.0, 62.5) vs. 37.0 (28.9, 48.0) ng/mL (p=0.01) for sE-selectin; 1320 (1044, 1664) vs. 1083 (756, 1359) mU/mL (p=0.008) for vWF; 5.74 (3.29, 8.72) vs. 8.80 (6.50, 11.39)% (p=0.01) for FMD; and 15.2 (13.5, 16.9) vs. 19.1 (17.2, 21.0)% (p=0.0002) for NID, respectively. In addition, the severity of CKD was positively associated with ADMA, L-arginine, sVCAM-1, sE-selectin, and vWF and inversely associated with FMD and NID. Furthermore, FMD and NID were significantly and inversely correlated with ADMA, L-arginine, sVCAM-1, sE-selectin, and vWF. In conclusion, these data indicate that multiple dysfunctions of the endothelium were present among patients with CKD. Interventional studies are warranted to test the effects of treatment of endothelial dysfunction on CKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America; Tulane Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America; Tulane Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: L Lee
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hamm
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Emile R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Mohler
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Alhakam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hudaihed
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Chung-Shiuan
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yanxi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Browne
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Katherine T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Myra A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kleinpeter
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Eric E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rifai
authors.affiliation: The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Klag
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America; Tulane Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003404:Creatinine / Q000032:analysis; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D007249:Inflammation; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012306:Risk; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D014664:Vasodilation; D055815:Young Adult; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D008055:Lipids; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine; D003404:Creatinine