title: Common Dental Injury Management in Athletes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Orofacial and dental trauma continues to be a commonly encountered issue for the sports medicine team. All sports have some risk for dental injury, but "contact sports" presumably incur more risk. Immediate evaluation and proper management of the most common injuries to dentition can result in saving or restoration of tooth structure. Despite the growing body of evidence, mouth guard use and dental protection have not paralleled the increase in sports participation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A PubMed search from 1960 through April 2012 was conducted, as well as a review of peer-reviewed online publications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Common dental injuries in sports include tooth (crown) fractures; tooth intrusion, extrusion, and avulsion; and temporomandibular joint dislocation. Mouth guards help prevent most injuries and do not significantly affect ventilation or speech if fitted properly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A working knowledge of the presentation as well as management of commonly encountered dental trauma in sports is essential to the immediate care of an athlete and returning to play. Mouth guard use should be encouraged for athletes of all ages in those sports that incur significant risk.
authors.affiliation: CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship/Sports Medicine Associates of San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Eliot J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: San Antonio Rampage AHL Hockey, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: C Roger
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Macias
authors.affiliation: CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Family Medicine Residency, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stephens
keywords: mouth guard; sports-related dental injury; tooth avulsion; tooth fracture