title: Species Composition and Seasonal Activities of Malaria Vectors in an Area at Reintroduction Prevention Stage, Khuzestan, South-Western Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The most part of Iran become malaria-free region and fall in prevention of re-introduction stage. These regions however are struggling with imported of malaria cases where malaria vectors exist. Therefore, understanding the situation of mosquito vectors is crucial. This study was carried out to find out the present situation of malaria vectors and malaria transmission potential in a malaria-free area.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in a malaria free area, Izeh County, Khuzestan Province during 12 months in 2011-2012. Five villages, including 2 in highlands and 3 in plain area, were selected randomly. The mosquito sampling methods were conducted using spray sheet and hand catch collection methods from indoor/outdoors, window trap and larvae collections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 3352 female Anopheles were captured, 1826 mosquito from highland and 1526 from plain areas. Five species, An. stephensi, An. fluviatilis s.l., An. dthali, An. superpictus and An. pulcherrimus were identified. The seasonal activities were started from April to March. The abdominal conditions of collected mosquitoes from indoor/outdoor places pointed to exophilic propensity of An. fluviatilis.l. s.l. and endophilic behaviour for rest of the vectors. The results of window trap also confirmed these behaviors. The larval habitats of four species were widely dispersed and included spring, margin of rivers, irrigation channels, stagnant water and rice filed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding the present situation of malaria vectors in free-malaria area is crucial particularly where is struggling with imported cases. The results of present study can be expanded to other area of northern Khuzestan for malaria vector control planning in reintroduction prevention stage.
authors.affiliation: Health Center of Izeh District, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran ; Department of Medical Entomology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Naimatallah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maghsoodi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Entomology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ladonni
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Entomology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Basseri
keywords: Anopheles vector; Iran; Malaria; Seasonal activity