title: Noninvasive ventilation in critically ill patients.
abstract: Since its first application in the late 1980s, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been the first-line intervention for certain forms of acute respiratory failure. NIV may be delivered through the patient's mouth, nose, or both using noninvasive intermittent positive pressure ventilation or continuous positive airway pressure. When applied appropriately, NIV may reduce morbidity and mortality and may avert iatrogenic complications and infections associated with invasive mechanical ventilation. This article provides physicians and respiratory therapists with a comprehensive, practical guideline for using NIV in critical care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin 10126, Italy. Electronic address: C.gregoretti@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gregoretti
authors.affiliation: Department of Specialistic, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Respiratory and Critical Care, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna 40126, Italy.
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pisani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biopathology, Medical and Forensic Biotechnologies (DIBIMEF), Section of Anesthesiology, Analgesia, Emergency and Intensive Care, Policlinico "P. Giaccone," University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortegiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin 10126, Italy.
authors.forename: Vito Marco
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Ranieri
mesh_terms: D016638:Critical Illness; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D063087:Noninvasive Ventilation / Q000379:methods*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Acute respiratory failure; Critically patients; Noninvasive ventilation