title: An Animal Model of Trichloroethylene-Induced Skin Sensitization in BALB/c Mice.
abstract: Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a major occupational hazard and environmental contaminant that can cause multisystem disorders in the form of occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis. Development of dermatitis involves several proinflammatory cytokines, but their role in TCE-mediated dermatitis has not been examined in a well-defined experimental model. In addition, few animal models of TCE sensitization are available, and the current guinea pig model has apparent limitations. This study aimed to establish a model of TCE-induced skin sensitization in BALB/c mice and to examine the role of several key inflammatory cytokines on TCE sensitization. The sensitization rate of dorsal painted group was 38.3%. Skin edema and erythema occurred in TCE-sensitized groups, as seen in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) positive control. Trichloroethylene sensitization-positive (dermatitis [+]) group exhibited increased thickness of epidermis, inflammatory cell infiltration, swelling, and necrosis in dermis and around hair follicle, but ear painted group did not show these histological changes. The concentrations of serum proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-2 were significantly increased in 24, 48, and 72 hours dermatitis [+] groups treated with TCE and peaked at 72 hours. Deposition of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 into the skin tissue was also revealed by immunohistochemistry. We have established a new animal model of skin sensitization induced by repeated TCE stimulations, and we provide the first evidence that key proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 play an important role in the process of TCE sensitization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Jia-xiang
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Shu-long
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Wan-sheng
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Changhao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China zqxing@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Qi-xing
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014241:Trichloroethylene / Q000633:toxicity*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014241:Trichloroethylene; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: BALB/c mice; IFN-γ; IL-2; TNF-α; skin sensitization; trichloroethylene