title: Effect of N-acetylcysteine in hearts of rats submitted to controlled hemorrhagic shock.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pharmacological therapy is a strategy for the prevention of complications associated with ischemia and reperfusion injury that occurs after volume replacement in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of N-acetylcysteine associated with fluid resuscitation in cardiac injury in a rat hemorrhagic shock model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice Wister male rats were randomly and subjected to controlled hemorrhagic shock for 60 min. and then, subjected to resuscitation with Ringer lactate. In a group of six animals, 150 mg/kg of N-acetylcysteine were added to fluid volume replacement. The animals were observed for 120 min and after this period, were euthanized and cardiac tissue was collected for histopathological analysis and measurement of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and pro-and anti-inflammatory interleukin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cardiac tissue of the group treated with N-acetylcysteine showed lower concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (0.20 ± 0.05 vs. 0.27 ± 0.05, P = 0.014) and reduced histopathological damage and edema when compared to the group whose volume replacement occurred only with Ringer lactate. There was no difference in the expression of cytokines interleukin 6 (2,138.29 ± 316.89 vs. 1,870.16 ± 303.68, P = 0.091) and interleukin 10 (1.019,83 ± 262,50 vs. 848.60 ± 106.5, P = 0.169) between the treated groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of N-acetylcysteine on volume replacement attenuates oxidative stress in the heart, as well myocardial damage and edema, but does not modify the expression of inflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Dantas de
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Oliveira Filho
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karen Ruggeri
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Fernandes
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcia Kiyomi
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sônia Maria da
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edna Frasson de Souza
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Montero
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D062186:Arterial Pressure; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013858:Thiobarbiturates / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D013858:Thiobarbiturates; D016753:Interleukin-10; D019344:Lactic Acid; C029684:thiobarbituric acid; D011188:Potassium; D000111:Acetylcysteine