title: A validation study of a modified Bouchard activity record that extends the concept of 'uptime' to Rett syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of using a Bouchard activity record (BAR) in individuals with Rett syndrome to measure physical activity, as compared with pragmatic criterion standard measures of walking status and step counts recorded using the StepWatch activity monitor (SAM).
  
  
  METHODS
  During the waking hours of 1 day, 43 females (mean age 21y, SD 9y) wore a SAM whilst a proxy completed a modified BAR. Responses to the BAR were compared among participants, who were grouped according to walking status, using the Mann-Whitney two-sample rank-sum test. Relationships were sought between BAR responses and step counts using linear regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the proxy-reported BAR responses, those who needed assistance with walking spent more time sitting (median [interquartile range] 9h 15min [8h 8min-10h 30min] vs 6h 15min [4h 15min-8h 30min]; p<0.001) and less time standing (1h [38min-1h 30min] vs 2h 15min [45min-3h 45min]; p=0.04) than those who could walk independently. In those who could walk independently, time classified as 'uptime' (standing and walking) using the BAR was associated with increased step count (r(2) =0.58; p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data support the validity of proxy-reported BAR responses. In those who could walk independently, uptime, classified using the BAR, could be used to estimate daily step count. This tool offers an inexpensive method for clinicians to gain insights into physical activity levels in individuals with Rett syndrome.
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lor
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.|Lung Institute of Western Australia and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Kylie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jacoby
authors.affiliation: Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.|Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Downs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015518:Rett Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult