title: The Effects of Music Intervention on Background Pain and Anxiety in Burn Patients: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effect of music on the background pain, anxiety, and relaxation levels in burn patients. In this pretest-posttest randomized controlled clinical trial, 100 hospitalized burn patients were selected through convenience sampling. Subjects randomly assigned to music and control groups. Data related to demographic and clinical characteristics, analgesics, and physiologic measures were collected by researcher-made tools. Visual analog scale was used to determine pain, anxiety, and relaxation levels before and after the intervention in 3 consecutive days. Patients' preferred music was offered once a day for 3 days. The control group only received routine care. Data were analyzed using SPSS-PC (V. 20.0). According to paired t-test, there were significant differences between mean scores of pain (P < .001), anxiety (P < .001), and relaxation (P < .001) levels before and after intervention in music group. Independent t-test indicated a significant difference between the mean scores of changes in pain, anxiety, and relaxation levels before and after intervention in music and control groups (P < .001). No differences were detected in the mean scores of physiologic measures between groups before and after music intervention. Music is an inexpensive, appropriate, and safe intervention for applying to burn patients with background pain and anxiety at rest. To produce more effective comfort for patients, it is necessary to compare different types and time lengths of music intervention to find the best approach.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran; †Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran; ‡Center for Nursing Care Research, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran; and §Statistic and Mathematics Department, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
authors.forename: Tahereh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Najafi Ghezeljeh
authors.forename: Fatimah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mohades Ardebili
authors.forename: Forough
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rafii
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haghani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002056:Burns / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009146:Music; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult