title: In vitroAntibacterial Activity ofOcimum suaveEssential Oils against Uropathogens Isolated from Patients in Selected Hospitals in Bushenyi District, Uganda.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine antibacterial activity ofOcimum suaveessential oils against bacterial uropathogens.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross sectional and experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six selected hospitals in Bushenyi District, Uganda between June 2012 and July 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clean catch midstream urine samples were collected and inoculated on Cystine Lysine Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) agar. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24hrs to 48hrs. TheO. suaveessential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation of leaves for 4hrs using a Clevenger apparatus. The oil was collected and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) and kept at 4°C till further use. The antimicrobial activity ofO. suaveessential oils against isolates was determined by agar well method. The MIC ofO. suaveessential oil extract was carried out by microbroth dilution method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the three hundred (300) midstream urine samples collected, 67(22.33%) had significant bacterial growth.Escherichia coliis the most common isolate (61.19%, n = 41). The essential oil fromO. suaveshowed activity against isolates ofE. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus,E. feacalis, M. morganii, Citrobacter species, Enterobacter speciesandP. aeruginosawith mean zone of inhibition (ZI) ranging from 10-22 mm. The essential oils had no inhibitory activity onAcinetobacter species.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) forO. suaveessential oils ranged from 0.78 to 22 μg/ml. This study showed thatO. suaveessential oils had MIC value of 0.78 μg/ml againstS. aureusand MIC values ranging from 3 to 22 μg/ml against the other tested isolates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most common uropathogen wasE. coli(61.19% n = 41).O. suaveessential oils exhibited antibacterial activity against majority of the uropathogens, exceptAcinetobacter species,mean ZI of 10-22 mm and MIC of 0.78 - 22 μg/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, P.O. Box 71, Ishaka - Bushenyi, Uganda.
authors.forename: Julius
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tibyangye
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, P.O. Box 71, Ishaka - Bushenyi, Uganda.
authors.forename: Matilda Angela
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Okech
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, P.O. Box 71, Ishaka - Bushenyi, Uganda.
authors.forename: Josephat Maniga
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nyabayo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolab Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala Uganda.
authors.forename: Jessica Lukanga
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nakavuma
keywords: Aromatic medicinal plants; E. coli; bacteriauria; resistance