title: Allele frequencies of human platelet antigens in Banjar, Bugis, Champa, Jawa and Kelantan Malays in Peninsular Malaysia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The major aims of this study are to characterise and compile allelic data of human platelet antigen (HPA)-1 to -6 and -15 systems in five Malay sub-ethnic groups in Peninsular Malaysia.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  HPAs are polymorphic glycoproteins expressed on the surface of platelet membranes and are genetically differentiated across ethnogeographically unrelated populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were obtained with informed consent from 192 volunteers: Banjar (n = 30), Bugis (n = 37), Champa (n = 51), Jawa (n = 39) and Kelantan (n = 35). Genotyping was done using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In general, frequencies of HPAs in the Malay sub-ethnic groups are more similar to those in Asian populations compared with other more distinct populations such as Indians, Australian Aborigines and Europeans.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides the first HPA datasets for the selected Malay sub-ethnic groups. Subsequent analyses including previously reported HPA data of Malays, Chinese and Indians revealed details of the genetic relationships and ancestry of various sub-populations in Peninsular Malaysia. Furthermore, the comprehensive HPA allele frequency information from Peninsular Malaysia provided in this report has potential applications for future study of diseases, estimating risks associated with HPA alloimmunization and for developing an efficient HPA-typed donor recruitment strategy.
authors.affiliation: Human Identification Unit, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: W U
authors.initials: WU
authors.lastname: Wan Syafawati
authors.affiliation: Human Identification Unit, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Norhalifah
authors.affiliation: Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zefarina
authors.affiliation: Human Identification Unit, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.|Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zafarina
authors.affiliation: Human Identification Unit, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panneerchelvam
authors.affiliation: Human Identification Unit, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.|Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Norazmi
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.affiliation: Human Identification Unit, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Edinur
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet
keywords: Malay sub-ethnic groups; PCR-SSP; Peninsular Malaysia; human platelet antigen