title: The roles of signaling pathways in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of PVR.
abstract: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the major cause of failure in patients undergoing surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Characterized by the formation of an abnormal contractile membrane within the eye, PVR can cause tractional retinal redetachment. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which epithelial cells morphologically and phenotypically transdifferentiate into mesenchymal cells, is the major pathological process implicated in PVR. Among the various cell types involved in the process, retinal pigment epithelium cells are primary contributors although, after decades of research, the mechanisms underlying EMT have remained elusive. Recently, signaling pathways, some involving growth factors, have been demonstrated to contribute to EMT. In this article, we review research to date about the roles of such signaling, including including transforming growth factor-beta-, hepatocyte growth factor-, platelet-derived growth factor-, and Notch-, Wnt/β-catenin-, and Hippo-signaling pathways, in the EMT of PVR.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Eye Institute & School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Zhenna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Eye Institute & School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Eye Institute & School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000502:physiology*; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D000090683:Hippo Signaling Pathway; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000502:physiology; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery; D000072099:Serrate-Jagged Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C066855:HGF protein, human; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D000072099:Serrate-Jagged Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D051176:beta Catenin; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases