title: Effect of bioreduced graphene oxide on anaerobic biotransformation of nitrobenzene in an anaerobic reactor.
abstract: Bioreduced graphene oxide (BRGO) has been proven to be capable of accelerating nitrobenzene (NB) biotransformation by anaerobic sludge (AS). To realize its application, in the present study, two continuous anaerobic reactors (R1 with BRGO/AS composite; R2 with AS) were employed to treat NB-containing wastewater during a long-term run. Compared with R2, the start-up time of R1 was shortened from 70 to 45 d and R1 exhibited better removal efficiency (87% of R1 and 74% of R2 with an influent NB concentration of 200 mg L(-1) at hydraulic retention time = 24 h, NaCl = 3%). Moreover, R1 exhibited better stability with over 81% NB removal efficiency within 90 d. Further study demonstrated that the presence of BRGO facilitated microorganisms to secrete extracellular polymeric substances, resulting in the higher electrochemical and dehydrogenase activities of R1 compared with those of R2.
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (China Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (China Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haikun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (China Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (China Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (China Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D019149:Bioreactors; D001711:Biotransformation; D002384:Catalysis; D006108:Graphite / Q000378:metabolism*; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006108:Graphite; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D010087:Oxides; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C036077:nitrobenzene
keywords: anaerobic sludge; biotransformation; nitrobenzene; reduced graphene oxide