title: Facial burns from exploding microwaved foods: Case series and review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microwave ovens allow for quick and simple cooking. However, the importance of adequate food preparation, prior to microwave cooking, and the consequences of inadequate preparation are not well-known.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors conducted a retrospective outcome analysis of all patients who sustained facial burns from microwaved foods and were treated at a UK regional burns unit over a six-year period. Patients were identified from clinical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients presented following inadequate preparation of either tinned potatoes (n=4) or eggs (n=4). All patients sustained <2% total body surface area facial burns. Mean age was 41 years (range 21-68 years). Six cases (75%) had associated ocular injury. One received amniotic membrane grafts; this individual's vision remains poor twelve months after injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rapid dielectric heating of water within foods may produce high steam and vapour pressure gradients and cause explosive decompression [1,5,11]. Consumers may fail to recognise differential heating and simply cook foods for longer if they remain cool on the outer surface. Education on safe use and risks of microwave-cooked foods may help prevent these potentially serious injuries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microwave ovens have become ubiquitous. The authors recognise the need for improved public awareness of safe microwave cooking. Burns resulting from microwave-cooked foods may have life-changing consequences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospitals Campus, UK. Electronic address: shenbana.bagirathan@nhs.net.
authors.forename: Shenbana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bagirathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospitals Campus, UK.
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Surgery, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK.
authors.forename: Sammy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Benna
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospitals Campus, UK.
authors.forename: Ciaran P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: O'Boyle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000650:Amnion / Q000637:transplantation; D002056:Burns / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003296:Cooking; D065306:Corneal Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005107:Explosions; D005126:Eye Burns / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005151:Facial Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Exploding food; Facial and ocular burns; Microwave ovens