title: Regulation of chicken immunity-related genes and host response profiles against Avibacterium paragallinarum pathogen challenge.
abstract: Infectious coryza (IC) is a well-recognised and commonly encountered upper respiratory tract disease in chickens. The aim of this study was to monitor aspects of the immune response of chickens infected with Avibacterium paragallinarum. Gene expression profiling of 30 genes was carried out for 11 chicken nasal area samples belonging to four groups, including one non-infected control group. For this purpose, 30 biomarker transcripts were selected for comparative gene expression analysis and were analysed by real-time PCR using TaqMan(®) assays. The biomarkers included three reference genes. The reference genes were used to normalise the results in a relative quantification approach. The gene expression changes of the 27 biomarker transcripts (genes of interest) were quantified between all treated groups in six pair-wise comparisons. It was concluded from the data that immune response initiation is via TLR4, which leads to a Th2 dominant type response. Furthermore, TLR4 results in signalling via the MyD88-dependent pathway, resulting in early onset of NF-kβ leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines. This work provides an informative outlay of immune response initiation upon infection with this pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa. Electronic address: boucherce@ufs.ac.za.
authors.forename: Charlotte E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Boucher
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
authors.forename: Chrispian W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Theron
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
authors.forename: Arina C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hitzeroth
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Bragg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000276:immunology; D015661:Pasteurellaceae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D016871:Pasteurellaceae Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4
keywords: Avibacterium paragallinarum; Immune genes; Infectious coryza; Taqman(®); Toll-like receptors; qPCR