title: Feasibility of immediate placement of single-tooth implants in the aesthetic zone: a 1-year randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether outcome of immediate implant placement and immediate provisionalization after 1 year was non-inferior to immediate implant placement and delayed provisionalization regarding Marginal Bone Level (MBL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients with a failing tooth in the aesthetic zone were randomly assigned for immediate implant placement with immediate (n = 20) or delayed (n = 20) provisionalization. Follow-up was at 1 month and after 1 year. The study was powered to detect a difference in MBL of <0.9 mm. Apart from MBL, soft tissue peri-implant parameters, aesthetic indexes and patient satisfaction were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 1 year, MBL changes were -0.75 ± 0.69 mesially and -0.68 ± 0.65 distally mm for the immediate group and -0.70 ± 0.64 and -0.68 ± 0.64 mm for the delayed group respectively (NS). Regarding differences in means, non-inferiority was observed after 1 year (mesially: Group A versus B: difference in mean 0.08 mm (95% CI -0.38 to 0.53, p = 0.71 distally: Group A versus B: difference in mean 0.09 mm (95% CI -0.37 to 0.56 mm, p = 0.66).No significant differences in the other outcome variables were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that immediate placement and immediate provisionalization was non-inferior to immediate placement with delayed provisionalization. In addition, although not powered for these outcome variables, no clinically relevant differences in other outcomes were observed (www.isrtcn.com: ISRCTN57251089).
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kirsten W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Slagter
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henny J A
authors.initials: HJA
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nicolaas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arjan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vissink
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerry M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Raghoebar
keywords: aesthetic region; dental implants; immediate placement; randomized controlled trial