title: [Clinical Research about Risk Factors and Reversible Predictors in Renal Impairment due to Multiple Myeloma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was aimed to investigate the risk factors of renal impairment and the predictive factors of renal function recovery so as to provide basis for its prevention and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of 161 patients with MM firstly diagnosed from January 2007 to April 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them 58 cases accompanied with renal insufficiency (group A, others belong to group B) and 39 of them regain normal renal function after some treatment. The possible related renal impairment risk factors and reversible predictors were analyzed with chi-square test for significance firstly, then factors that have significant difference were entered into multivariate logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systolic blood pressure (SBP), hemoglobin, uric acid, blood calcium, phosphorus, serum β2-microglobulin, urine β2-microglobulin levels, M-component type, light chain type, nephrotoxic drug use, infection in group A had significant difference (P<0.05) compared with those in group B; the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, platelet, globulin, blood calcium, and urine β2-microglobulin levels, the chemotherapy applied and the response to chemotherapy in reversed group were significantly different from no-reversed group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that light chain type, Hb, uric acid, Ca were the independent risk factors for the development of renal failure in MM, and Ca, chemotherapy and the response to chemotherapy were the predictors of renal function recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High blood calcium, severe anemia, λ light chain, high uric acid are the independent risk factors of renal impairment in MM patients. Patients with high blood calcium before treatment easily regain normal renal function after effective chemotherapy. Bortezomib-based chemotherapy has higher response rate and higher reversal rate, and it may be related with its unique mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Meng-Meng
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China. E-mail: Xuhongzhi1965@sina.com.
authors.forename: Hong-Zhi
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Xun
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000069286:Bortezomib; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney; D016015:Logistic Models; D009101:Multiple Myeloma; D051437:Renal Insufficiency; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000069286:Bortezomib