title: Determination of Job Stresses and Their Consequences in Drivers in Ilam.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human factors cause 60-70 percent of automobile accidents. Everything related to people that is involved in and interacting with a system is considered to be a human factor. These factors can be psychological, biological, or social, and all of them can affect drivers' behaviors. Therefore, one of the negative and unfavorable effects of these factors is that they cause accidents. According to previous research, increases in the job stresses result in increases in the incidence of car accidents. Drivers who feel stressed often do not to observe the rules, and they may not even notice the warning signs. By measuring the job stress among drivers and its adverse effects, this research aimed to provide an appropriate managerial solution to reduce these problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample in this descriptive-analytical study consisted of 250 drivers who were selected and investigated. A job stress questionnaire was used as a means for collecting data. Health conditions were assessed by referring to clinical documents provided for the drivers. Accident data were included in the study using accident-related documentation. Two hundred and fifty drivers from Ilam, Iran participated and were analyzed in this study. This research is a cross-sectional study that was performed by dossiers and personal memoirs. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and the chi-squared test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study showed that the main factors that cause medium- to high-level stress are the physical environment, workload and ambiguity of duties. It also showed that the incidence and severity of accidents increased as stress levels increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows high prevalence of job stress amongst drivers in Ilam. The main causes of the prevalence of stress among drivers in Ilam City are physical environment, workload and ambiguity of duties, responsibility.
authors.affiliation: MSc. student of occupational safety & health, Department of Occupational health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdolrasoul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahmani
authors.affiliation: Department of social welfare planning, Social Science Faculty, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Roghiyeh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khodaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, Medicine college, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Atena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farjami
authors.affiliation: MSc. student of occupational safety & health, Department of Occupational health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahmodkhani
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Health college, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Faramarz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gharagozlou
authors.affiliation: Iranian Petroleum Industry Health Research Institute (IPI HRI).
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ahmadnezhad
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Science, Shahre-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Occupational health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran ; Ph.D, student of Occupational safety & health, Department of Occupational health, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Science(TUMS.IC), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karchani
authors.affiliation: Ph.D, student of Occupational safety & health, Department of Occupational health, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Science(TUMS.IC), Tehran, Iran ; Department of occupational Health, School of Public Health, Bagiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vatani
keywords: Drivers; Human factors; Job stress