title: Opportunities and limitations of bone marrow biopsy and bone marrow FDG-PET in lymphoma.
abstract: Bone marrow involvement in lymphoma may have prognostic and therapeutic consequences. Bone marrow biopsy (BMB) is the established method for the evaluation of the bone marrow. (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) plays an important role in lymphoma staging, but its value in the assessment of the bone marrow and whether it can replace BMB is still a topic of debate and investigation. The purpose of this scientific communication is to provide an evidence-based overview about the opportunities and limitations of BMB and FDG-PET in the evaluation of the bone marrow in patients with lymphoma. This article first reviews the basic properties, opportunities and limitations of BMB and bone marrow FDG-PET, and then focuses on the clinical utility of BMB and bone marrow FDG-PET in three major lymphoma subtypes including Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: h.j.a.adams@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hugo J A
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rutger A J
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nievelstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Kwee
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: Bone marrow; Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; FDG-PET; Follicular lymphoma; Hodgkin lymphoma