title: Blueberry Anthocyanins-Enriched Extracts Attenuate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiac Injury.
abstract: We sought to explore the effect of blueberry anthocyanins-enriched extracts (BAE) on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced cardiac injury. The rats were divided randomly into five groups including normal control, CTX 100 mg/kg, BAE 80mg/kg, CTX+BAE 20mg/kg and CTX+BAE 80mg/kg groups. The rats in the three BAE-treated groups were administered BAE for four weeks. Seven days after BAE administration, rats in CTX group and two BAE-treated groups were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 100 mg/kg CTX. Cardiac injury was assessed using physiological parameters, Echo, morphological staining, real-time PCR and western blot. In addition, cardiotoxicity indices, inflammatory cytokines expression and oxidative stress markers were also detected. Four weeks 20mg/kg and 80mg/kg dose of BAE treatment following CTX exposure attenuated mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and activities of heart enzymes, improved cardiac dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis. Importantly, BAE also attenuated CTX-induced LV leukocyte infiltration and inflammatory cytokines expression, ameliorated oxidative stress as well as cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, BAE attenuated the CTX-induced cardiac injury and the protective mechanisms were related closely to the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics of BAE.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Yunen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Dehong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Xinwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Yubiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Changci
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Dequn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Mingxiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D029798:Blueberry Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002465:Cell Movement; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005355:Fibrosis; D006335:Heart Injuries / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003520:Cyclophosphamide