title: The Incidence and Topographic Distribution of Sutures Including Wormian Bones in Human Skulls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Wormian Bones are accessory bones located within the cranial sutures and fontanelles. The present article examines the incidence of Wormian Bones and compares the number and topographic distribution between the sutures including Wormian Bones in skulls of West Anatolian Population.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty crania were examined. The parameters evaluated in the present study were as follows: the rate of skulls including Wormian Bones; the topographic distribution and frequencies of the sutures including Wormian Bones; the number of these sutures for each skull; the name and number of sutures that were bilaterally and symmetrically located on the right and left side of skull (paired sutures) and which coincidentally had Wormian Bones for each skull; the differences of frequencies between the paired sutures including Wormian Bones.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of skulls including Wormian Bones was determined as 59.3%. The maximum and minimum numbers of sutures, including Wormian Bones, were 6 in 1 skull and 1 in each of 30 skulls, respectively. The maximum and minimum rates of sutures that had Wormian Bones were found in left lambdoid 40.7% and right occipitomastoid 1.3% sutures, respectively. There was only a significant difference between the rate of right and left squamous sutures (P = 0.04). Forty-five skulls were including 55 pairs of bilaterally and symmetrically located sutures that coincidentally had Wormian Bones in each pair. Each of 35 skulls had 1 pair of sutures including Wormian Bones and each of 10 skulls had 2 pairs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, the rate of Wormian Bones was determined as 59.3% in West Anatolian Population. This incidence rate is considerably lower than the other reports, and it may be as a result of racial variations. These divergent bones were more frequently found in left lambdoid sutures (40.7%) and less frequently in right occipitomastoid sutures (1.3%). This study may guide the investigators dealing with the neurosurgery, orthopedy, radiology, anatomy, and anthropology in their practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cirpan
authors.forename: Funda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aksu
authors.forename: Nuket
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D008416:Mastoid / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009777:Occipital Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010294:Parietal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology