title: Pancreaticogastrostomy in pure laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy--A novel pancreatic-gastric anastomosis technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although many surgical procedures are now routinely performed laparoscopically, pure laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) is not commonly performed because of the technical difficulty of pancreatic resection and the associated reconstruction procedures. Several pancreatic-enteric anastomosis techniques for LPD have been reported, but most are adaptations of open procedures. To accomplish pure LPD, we consider it necessary to establish new pancreatic-enteric anastomosis techniques that are specifically developed for LPD and are safe and feasible to perform.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One patient developed a postoperative pancreatic fistula (International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula criteria, grade B) and subsequent postoperative delayed gastric emptying (International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery criteria, grade C). No other major complications occurred. We developed a novel pancreatic-gastric anastomosis technique that enabled us to safely perform pure LPD. The main pancreatic duct was stented with a 4-Fr polyvinyl catheter during pancreatic resection. A small hole was created in the posterior wall of the stomach and was bluntly dilated. A 5-cm incision was made in the anterior stomach, and the pancreatic drainage tube was passed into the stomach through the hole in the posterior wall. The remnant pancreas was pulled into the stomach, and was easily positioned and secured in place with only four to six sutures between the pancreatic capsule and the gastric mucosa. We used this technique to perform pure LPD in five patients between December 2012 and July 2013.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our new technique is technically easy and provides secure fixation between the gastric wall and the pancreas. This technique does not require main pancreatic duct dilatation, and the risk of intra-abdominal abscess formation due to postoperative pancreatic fistula may be minimized. Although this technique requires further investigation as it may increase the risk of delayed gastric emptying, it may be a useful method of performing pancreaticogastrostomy in pure LPD.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN16761283 . Registered 16 January 2015.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan. eastcliff.on.sea@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.
authors.forename: Shusuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haruta
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.
authors.forename: Goro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014670:Ampulla of Vater; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D003138:Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000601:surgery*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000379:methods*; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome