title: Encephalic hemodynamic phases in subarachnoid hemorrhage: how to improve the protective effect in patient prognoses.
abstract: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is frequently associated with poor prognoses. Three different hemodynamic phases were identified during subarachnoid hemorrhage: oligemia, hyperemia, and vasospasm. Each phase is associated with brain metabolic changes. In this review, we correlated the hemodynamic phases with brain metabolism and potential treatment options in the hopes of improving patient prognoses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Lima Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel Silva
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: de Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milena Krajnyk
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: de Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Carvalho Nogueira
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Manoel Jacobsen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bor-Seng-Shu
keywords: cerebral subarachnoid hemorrhage; hemodynamic phases; metabolic crises