title: In Vivo Osteogenic Potential of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite/Collagen Microspheres: Comparison with Injectable Cement Pastes.
abstract: The osteogenic capacity of biomimetic calcium deficient hydroxyapatite microspheres with and without collagen obtained by emulsification of a calcium phosphate cement paste has been evaluated in an in vivo model, and compared with an injectable calcium phosphate cement with the same composition. The materials were implanted into a 5 mm defect in the femur condyle of rabbits, and bone formation was assessed after 1 and 3 months. The histological analysis revealed that the cements presented cellular activity only in the margins of the material, whereas each one of the individual microspheres was covered with osteogenic cells. Consequently, bone ingrowth was enhanced by the microspheres, with a tenfold increase compared to the cement, which was associated to the higher accessibility for the cells provided by the macroporous network between the microspheres, and the larger surface area available for osteoconduction. No significant differences were found in terms of bone formation associated with the presence of collagen in the materials, although a more extensive erosion of the collagen-containing microspheres was observed.
authors.affiliation: Medicine and Animal Surgery Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), V Building, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Veterinarian Clinical Science Institute, Universidad Austral de Chile. Fundo Teja Norte, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cuzmar
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Avda. Diagonal 647, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Roman A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics Department, University of Barcelona (UB), C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria-Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Manzanares
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Avda. Diagonal 647, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria-Pau
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ginebra
authors.affiliation: Medicine and Animal Surgery Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), V Building, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Franch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000254:growth & development; D008863:Microspheres; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite