title: Redox-Active Profile Characterization of Remirea maritima Extracts and Its Cytotoxic Effect in Mouse Fibroblasts (L929) and Melanoma (B16F10) Cells.
abstract: Remirea maritima is a tropical plant with a reticulated root system belonging to the family Cyperaceae, also known to have biologically active secondary metabolites. However, very few data on R. maritima's biological actions are available and there are no reports regarding the redox-active profile of this plant. In this study, we examined the total phenolic content of Remirea maritima hydroalcoholic (RMHA) extracts, redox properties against different reactive species generated in vitro and their cytotoxic effect against fibroblasts (L929) and melanoma (B16F10) cells. Total reactive antioxidant potential index (TRAP) and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) results revealed that RMHA at all concentrations tested showed significant antioxidant capacity. RMHA was also effective against hydroxyl radical formation, reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ and in scavenging nitric oxide (NO) radicals. In vitro, the level of lipid peroxidation was reduced by RMHA extract and the data showed significant oxidative damage protection. The RMHA cytotoxicity was evaluated by a neutral red assay in fibroblast (L929) and melanome (B16F10) cells. The obtained results showed that the RMHA (40 and 80 µg/mL, respectively) reduced 70% of the viable cells. In conclusion, this study represents the first report regarding the antioxidant and anti-proliferative potential of R. maritima against B16F10 melanoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. gracedoria@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Grace Anne A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Dória
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. andersonfarmacia@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Anderson R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90040-060 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. lsbittencourt@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Leonardo S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Bittencourt
authors.affiliation: Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90040-060 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. rafaelbortolin@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Rafael C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bortolin
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. paulamenezes_16@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Paula P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. bruninho_farma@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Bruno S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. rebecapharma@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Rebeca O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. magika@fcfrp.usp.br.
authors.forename: Maria José V
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Departament of Physiology and Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. alandiego0@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Alan Diego C
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. saranflora04@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shanmugam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saravanan
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. farmsilva@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Francilene A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90040-060 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. dgelain@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Gelain
authors.affiliation: Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90040-060 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 00006866@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: José Cláudio F
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Departament of Biology, Federal University of Sergipe, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. apprata@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Ana Paula N
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Prata
authors.affiliation: Departament of Physiology and Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucindo J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Quintans-Júnior
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. left.ufs@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Adriano A S
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Araújo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D029785:Cyperaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Remirea maritima; cellular viability; cytotoxicity; free radicals; oxidative stress; total phenol