title: Effects on health of air pollution: a narrative review.
abstract: Air pollution is a complex and ubiquitous mixture of pollutants including particulate matter, chemical substances and biological materials. There is growing awareness of the adverse effects on health of air pollution following both acute and chronic exposure, with a rapidly expanding body of evidence linking air pollution with an increased risk of respiratory (e.g., asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer) and cardiovascular disease (e.g., myocardial infarction, heart failure, cerebrovascular accidents). Elderly subjects, pregnant women, infants and people with prior diseases appear especially susceptible to the deleterious effects of ambient air pollution. The main diseases associated with exposure to air pollutants will be summarized in this narrative review.
authors.affiliation: A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS Ca' Granda Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy, piermannuccio.mannucci@policlinico.mi.it.
authors.forename: Pier Mannuccio
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Mannucci
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harari
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franchini
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D011247:Pregnancy; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants