title: Between power and powerlessness: a meta-ethnography of sources of resilience in young refugees.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article reviews available qualitative studies that report young refugees' ways of dealing with adversity to address their sources of resilience.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched five electronic databases. Twenty-six empirical studies were included in the review. A meta-ethnography approach was used to synthesize these qualitative studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six sources of resilience emerged: (1) social support, (2) acculturation strategies, (3) education, (4) religion, (5) avoidance, and (6) hope. These sources indicated social as well as personal factors that confer resilience in young refugees, but most of them also had counterproductive aspects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results, from an ecological developmental perspective, stressed the interplay between protective and risk processes in the mental health of young refugees who had resettled in Western countries, and they emphasized the variability as well as the universality of resilience-promoting processes. Further research is needed to explore the cultural shape of resilience and the long-term consequences of war and migration on young refugees.
authors.affiliation: a Foundation Arq , Diemen , the Netherlands.|b Department of Clinical & Health Psychology , Utrecht University , Utrecht , the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sleijpen
authors.affiliation: c Department of Methodology and Statistics , Utrecht University , Utrecht , the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hennie R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Boeije
authors.affiliation: a Foundation Arq , Diemen , the Netherlands.|b Department of Clinical & Health Psychology , Utrecht University , Utrecht , the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rolf J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kleber
authors.affiliation: a Foundation Arq , Diemen , the Netherlands.|d Foundation Centrum'45 , Oegstgeest , the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Trudy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mooren
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000884:Anthropology, Cultural; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000208:ethnology; D011209:Power, Psychological; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012036:Refugees / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D012067:Religion; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012944:Social Support
keywords: adaptation; adolescents; meta-ethnography; refugees; resilience; trauma