title: In Vitro effect of the ethanolic extract of Tephrosia Vogelii on Rhipicephalus Sanguineus in Abomey-Calavi.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ticks are vectors of several diseases, of which many are zoonosis transmissible to humans. The use of Tephrosia leafs' extract as a low cost acaricide is spreading among farmers in central Kenya.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study's aim is to inventory endogenous control methods against dogs' ticks among which Rhipicephalus sanguineus, in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi. From September to October 2013, a survey was made on forty randomly selected breeders and ticks samples were collected on forty dogs. The web platform, www.epicollect.net, was used for the survey. In total, 77.5% (n=40) of examined dogs were infested with ticks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three species of ticks were identified: Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Haemaphysalis leachi, and Amblyomma variegatum. They were found on 77.5%, 17.5%, and 15% of examined dogs, respectively. The numerical abundance of the three species was 87.06%, 11.9%, and 1.03%, respectively. The average number of ticks per animal was 16.83±5.04, 2.3±1.64, and 0.2±0.08 for Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Haemaphysalis leachi, and Amblyomma variegatum, respectively. Farmers used manual diptank (67.5%), plant ash (37.5%), petroleum (12.5%), motor oil (2.50 %), and sea water (7.5%) to fight against ticks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The phytochemical screening of the leafy stem's powder of Tephrosia vogelii revealed the presence of catechol tannins, saponins, sugars, leuco-anthocyanins, polyterpenes, and sterols. A 100% larval mortality was observed at the concentration of 20% the ethanolic extract of the leafy stem of Tephrosia vogelii. The LC50 of this ethanolic extract against Rhipicephalus sanguineus larvae was equal to 2.6%.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory in Applied Biology , Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin.
authors.forename: Dougnon Tossou
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Jacques
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory in Applied Biology , Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin.
authors.forename: Adéhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Safiou
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory in Applied Biology , Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin.
authors.forename: Houessionon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jédirfort
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory in Applied Biology , Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin.
authors.forename: Farougou
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Souaïbou
keywords: Abomey-Calavi; Dog; Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Tephrosia vogelii