title: High-mobility group box 1 in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: This study is one in series determining the potential of RAGE axis (receptor for advanced glycation end products, isoforms, ligands) as a biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS). We evaluated serum levels of RAGE ligand, the high-mobility group box (HMGB)1 in MS patients, and assessed the correlation between HMGB1 serum levels and the use of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs), and between HMGB1 serum levels and indicators of MS disease severity. HMGB1 serum levels were compared between 96 (23 males) MS patients and 34 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. DMD-naïve MS patients had significantly higher HMGB1 serum levels compared with DMD-treated (P = 0.04) and compared with HCs (P = 0.01). HMGB1 serum levels were not significantly different between total MS patients (DMD-naïve plus DMD-treated) and HCs (P = 0.09). DMD-naïve MS patients in clinical relapse tended to have lower HMGB1 serum levels than clinically stable RRMS patients (P = 0.07). HMGB1 serum levels showed 0.65 area under the curve (95 % CI 0.55-0.95) sensitivity/specificity for MS clinical relapse. The role of HMGB1 in MS disease pathology and DMD modulation of this protein warrant further investigations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Baird MS Center, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA. zs2@buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: Zohara
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sternberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Baird MS Center, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sternberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Baird MS Center, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chichelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Baird MS Center, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Neel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Baird MS Center, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Chana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kolb
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Kailash
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chadha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Jinhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Baird MS Center, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hojnacki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024243:HMGB1 Protein
keywords: Biomarker; Clinical relapse; Cytokine; Disease-modifying drug; Inflammation; Necrosis