title: Polyploidy in Amphibia.
abstract: This review summarizes the current status of the known extant genuine polyploid anuran and urodelan species, as well as spontaneously originated and/or experimentally produced amphibian polyploids. The mechanisms by which polyploids can originate, the meiotic pairing configurations, the diploidization processes operating in polyploid genomes, the phenomenon of hybridogenesis, and the relationship between polyploidization and sex chromosome evolution are discussed. The polyploid systems in some important amphibian taxa are described in more detail.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Ben J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bogart
mesh_terms: D000663:Amphibians / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D002459:Cell Fusion; D058674:Chromosome Duplication; D004171:Diploidy; D005260:Female; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D007814:Larva; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis; D008957:Models, Genetic; D011123:Polyploidy; D011898:Ranidae / Q000235:genetics; D012730:Sex Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity; D014981:Xenopus / Q000235:genetics