title: Characterization of Volatile Compounds of Eleven Achillea Species from Turkey and Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Methanol Extract of A. hamzaoglui Arabacı & Budak.
abstract: According to distribution of genus Achillea, two main centers of diversity occur in S.E. Europe and S.W. Asia. Diversified essential oil compositions from Balkan Peninsula have been numerously reported. However, report on essential oils of Achillea species growing in Turkey, which is one of the main centers of diversity, is very limited. This paper represents the chemical compositions of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of eleven Achillea species, identified simultaneously by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main components were found to be 1,8-cineole, p-cymene, viridiflorol, nonacosane, α-bisabolol, caryophyllene oxide, α-bisabolon oxide A, β-eudesmol, 15-hexadecanolide and camphor. The chemical principal component analysis based on thirty compounds identified three species groups and a subgroup, where each group constituted a chemotype. This is the first report on the chemical composition of A. hamzaoglui essential oil; as well as the antioxidant and antimicrobial evaluation of its essential oil and methanolic extract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey. fpt@hacettepe.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Fatma Pinar
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Turkmenoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey. tagar@hacettepe.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Osman Tuncay
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Agar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey. agalip@hacettepe.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Galip
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akaydin
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Oncology, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey. mhayran@hacettepe.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Mutlu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayran
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey. bdemirci@anadolu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demirci
mesh_terms: D031162:Achillea / Q000737:chemistry*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002164:Camphor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000081007:Cymenes; D000077591:Eucalyptol; D006801:Humans; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D003511:Cyclohexanols; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; C007210:4-cymene; D002164:Camphor; D000077591:Eucalyptol; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Achillea; Achillea hamzaoglui; Asteraceae; GC-MS; antimicrobial; antioxidant; essential oil; hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA); principal components analysis (PCA)