title: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine Histophilus somni genome; a comparison of new and old isolates.
abstract: Histophilus somni, a causative agent of the bovine respiratory disease complex, can also cause a variety of systemic disorders, including bronchopneumonia, myocarditis, pericarditis, arthritis, pleuritis, and infectious thrombotic meningoencephalitis. The purpose of this study was to determine if currently circulating strains differ from those of the 1980s by identifying genomic changes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion and deletion (INDEL) sites were examined by whole-genome sequencing in 12 samples, 6 old and 6 new. The 31 028 SNP/INDELs recorded were compared against the reference genome sequence of the pathogenic H. somni strain 2336. The distribution of about 75% of these SNPs within a specified gene differed between old and new isolates and did not follow any particular pattern. The other 25% clustered into 2 groups containing the same SNPs in various genes: group I included 5 old isolates and 1 new isolate; group II included 5 new isolates and 1 old isolate. For putative virulence genes there were more SNPs in group I compared with strain 2336, itself an older isolate, than in group II. Although only 25% of all the SNPs formed 2 clusters, the results suggest some genetic difference in various genes between old and new strains.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3 (Madampage, Rawlyk, Crockford, Potter); Alberta Beef Health Solutions, Box 307, Picture Butte, Alberta T0K 1V0 (Van Donkersgoed); Veterinary Agri-Health Services, 201-151 East Lake Boulevard, Airdrie, Alberta (Dorin).
authors.forename: Claudia Avis
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Madampage
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3 (Madampage, Rawlyk, Crockford, Potter); Alberta Beef Health Solutions, Box 307, Picture Butte, Alberta T0K 1V0 (Van Donkersgoed); Veterinary Agri-Health Services, 201-151 East Lake Boulevard, Airdrie, Alberta (Dorin).
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rawlyk
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3 (Madampage, Rawlyk, Crockford, Potter); Alberta Beef Health Solutions, Box 307, Picture Butte, Alberta T0K 1V0 (Van Donkersgoed); Veterinary Agri-Health Services, 201-151 East Lake Boulevard, Airdrie, Alberta (Dorin).
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Crockford
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3 (Madampage, Rawlyk, Crockford, Potter); Alberta Beef Health Solutions, Box 307, Picture Butte, Alberta T0K 1V0 (Van Donkersgoed); Veterinary Agri-Health Services, 201-151 East Lake Boulevard, Airdrie, Alberta (Dorin).
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Donkersgoed
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3 (Madampage, Rawlyk, Crockford, Potter); Alberta Beef Health Solutions, Box 307, Picture Butte, Alberta T0K 1V0 (Van Donkersgoed); Veterinary Agri-Health Services, 201-151 East Lake Boulevard, Airdrie, Alberta (Dorin).
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dorin
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3 (Madampage, Rawlyk, Crockford, Potter); Alberta Beef Health Solutions, Box 307, Picture Butte, Alberta T0K 1V0 (Van Donkersgoed); Veterinary Agri-Health Services, 201-151 East Lake Boulevard, Airdrie, Alberta (Dorin).
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Potter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D015661:Pasteurellaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D016871:Pasteurellaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S