title: Liraglutide for Type 2 diabetes and obesity: a 2015 update.
abstract: Subcutaneous liraglutide (Victoza(®), Novo Nordisk) was approved for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Europe in 2009 and in the USA in 2010. In December 2014, liraglutide 3.0 mg was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and in March 2015 by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of chronic weight management under the brand name Saxenda(®) Novo Nordisk. Liraglutide causes a glucose-dependent increase in insulin secretion, decreases glucagon secretion and promotes weight loss by inhibiting appetite. Liraglutide probably induces satiety through activation of different areas in the hind brain and possibly by preserving free leptin levels. Recently, liraglutide has been suggested to protect against prediabetes and seems to prevent bone loss by increasing bone formation following diet-induced weight loss in obesity. This article not only covers the major clinical trials evaluating the effects of liraglutide in obesity and T2DM but also provides novel insights into the pharmacological mechanisms of liraglutide.
authors.affiliation: The NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research and, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
authors.forename: Eva Winning
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Iepsen
authors.forename: Signe Sørensen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Torekov
authors.forename: Jens Juul
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Holst
mesh_terms: D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069450:Liraglutide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000097789:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069450:Liraglutide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D000097789:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
keywords: GLP-1 receptor agonist; T2DM; efficacy; obesity; pre-diabetes; safety; tolerability