title: Evaluating Parameters Affecting Fluoroscopy Time During Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Focus on the Predictive Role of Guy's, S.T.O.N.E., and CROES Scoring Systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify parameters predicting prolonged fluoroscopy time (FT) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and to evaluate the predictive ability of Guy's stone score, S.T.O.N.E. nephrolithometry, and CROES nomogram.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 153 consecutive patients who underwent a PCNL by a single experienced surgeon. Several preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative parameters, including the three scoring systems, were assessed for their ability to predict FT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FT was significantly associated with stone burden, stone location, number of stones, number of punctures, and number of tracts. It was also significantly associated with all scoring systems. Fluoroscopy use was significantly higher in patients who were effectively treated in these with longer hospitalization, probably reflecting case complexity. No association was found with postoperative complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FT during PCNL can be affected by several parameters. Identifying the ones that can affect FT can lead to fluoroscopy and radiation exposure decrease. Guy's stone score, S.T.O.N.E. nephrolithometry, and CROES nomogram can all predict complexed cases and the need for increased FT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem, Israel .
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sfoungaristos
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem, Israel .
authors.forename: Ofer N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Gofrit
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem, Israel .
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yutkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem, Israel .
authors.forename: Ezekiel H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Landau
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem, Israel .
authors.forename: Dov
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pode
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem, Israel .
authors.forename: Mordechai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duvdevani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D049451:Nomograms; D061646:Operative Time; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011677:Punctures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies