title: Combined remediation of Cd-phenanthrene co-contaminated soil by Pleurotus cornucopiae and Bacillus thuringiensis FQ1 and the antioxidant responses in Pleurotus cornucopiae.
abstract: Remediation of soil co-contaminated with heavy metals and PAHs by mushroom and bacteria is a novel technique. In this study, the combined remediation effect of mushroom (Pleurotus cornucopiae) and bacteria (FQ1, Bacillus thuringiensis) on Cd and phenanthrene co-contaminated soil was investigated. The effect of bacteria (B. thuringiensis) on mushroom growth, Cd accumulation, phenanthrene degradation by P. cornucopiae and antioxidative responses of P. cornucopiae were studied. P. cornucopiae could adapt easily and grow well in Cd-phenanthrene co-contaminated soil. It was found that inoculation of FQ1 enhanced mushroom growth (biomass) and Cd accumulation with the increment of 26.68-43.58% and 14.29-97.67% respectively. Up to 100% and 95.07% of phenanthrene were removed in the bacteria-mushroom (B+M) treatment respectively spiked with 200mg/kg and 500mg/kg phenanthrene. In addition, bacterial inoculation alleviated oxidative stress caused by co-contamination with relative decreases in lipid peroxidation and enzyme activity, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). This study demonstrated that the integrated remediation strategy of bacteria and mushroom is an effective and promising method for Cd-phenanthrene co-contaminated soil bioremediation.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
authors.forename: Hongying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China. Electronic address: xuheng64@sina.com.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; C031181:phenanthrene; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant responses; Bacillus thuringiensis; Cadmium–phenanthrene co-contamination; Combined remediation; Pleurotus cornucopiae