title: Antipsychotic-Induced Movement Disorder: Screening via Telemental Health.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this brief report is to make clinical and research recommendations to advance current knowledge and practices related to the assessment of antipsychotic drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) via live interactive videoconferencing.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors provide an overview of the frequent neurological side effects of antipsychotic drugs and review relevant telemedicine research. DIMD prevention is critical, but these disorders remain underdetected and under-reported. Although there are not yet formal recommendations for specific screening tools or screening frequency, baseline and annual assessments are generally agreed-upon minimums. As DIMD awareness increases and more specific guidelines are developed to steer assessments, telemental health may aid practitioners in efficiently and regularly monitoring onset and severity. Research shows that videoconferencing can be used for effective psychiatric treatments and assessment, with at least one study validating the use of videoconference assessment for a subset of movement disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical recommendations include developing practice-level protocols and procedures that include regular DIMD assessment (either in-person or via telemedicine) for the full spectrum of possible movement disorders for all patients taking antipsychotic medications. Research and evaluation recommendations include replicating and expanding upon the existing study using videoconferencing to assess movement disorder symptoms, using asynchronous telemental health assessments of DIMDs, and pilot-testing facial and movement recognition software to allow for clinical comparison of patients' movement patterns over time.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.|2 Colorado Access , Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shore
authors.affiliation: 2 Colorado Access , Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vo
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Psychiatry, University of California Davis , Sacramento, California.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yellowlees
authors.affiliation: 2 Colorado Access , Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Maryann
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waugh
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schneck
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.|4 Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagamoto
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.|2 Colorado Access , Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Marshall
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D012106:Research; D017216:Telemedicine; D049269:Videoconferencing
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
keywords: drug-induced movement disorder antipsychotics; movement disorders; psychiatry; telehealth; telemedicine; telemental health