title: Clinical and prognostic significance of OPN and VEGF expression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteopontin (OPN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) play important roles in cancer progression and angiogenesis. In the current study we aimed to investigate the clinical significance of OPN and VEGF expression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to investigate their prognostic value for NSCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of OPN and VEGF in 146 NSCLC patients undergoing surgical resection in our hospital between 2006 and 2008. The associations between OPN and VEGF expression and clinicopathological data were analyzed using chi-square test analysis. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The prognostic values of OPN and VEGF were evaluated by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OPN and VEGF expression was positive in 94 and 86 out of 146 NSCLC specimens, respectively. OPN expression was significantly associated with gender (P=0.002), TNM stage (P<0.001) and tumor differentiation (P=0.008). VEGF expression was significantly associated with TNM stage (P=0.015), tumor differentiation (P=0.032) and lymph-node status (P<0.001). There was a significant correlation between OPN and VEGF expression (P=0.035). Survival analysis indicated that OPN(+)/VEGF(+) patients had the worst prognosis. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analysis suggested that tumor stage, lymph-node metastases, OPN expression and VEGF expression were independent prognostic factors for NSCLC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that OPN and VEGF expressions could serve as prognostic factors for NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, 999 East zhendong Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Qunying
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, 999 East zhendong Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Lijing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, 999 East zhendong Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Guosheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, 999 East zhendong Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhiwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, 999 East zhendong Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Tonghuan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, 999 East zhendong Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 28 Fuxing Road, Bejing 100853, China; International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, New Building West 10-11th Floor, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 28 Fuxing Road, Bejing 100853, China. Electronic address: doctorgxb@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D016019:Survival Analysis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D053495:Osteopontin
keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer; Osteopontin; Prognosis; Survival; Vascular endothelial growth factor