title: Muscle force compensation among synergistic muscles after fatigue of a single muscle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine control strategies among synergistic muscles after fatigue of a single muscle. It was hypothesized that the compensating mechanism is specific for each fatigued muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The soleus (SOL), gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) and medialis (GM) were fatigued in separate sessions on different days. In each experiment, subjects (n = 11) performed maximal voluntary contractions prior to and after fatiguing a single muscle (SOL, GL or GM) while the voluntary muscle activity and torque were measured. Additionally, the maximal single twitch torque of the plantarflexors and the maximal spinal reflex activity (H-reflex) of the SOL, GL and GM were determined. Fatigue was evoked using neuromuscular stimulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following fatigue the single twitch torque decreased by -20.1%, -19.5%, and -23.0% when the SOL, GL, or GM, have been fatigued. The maximal voluntary torque did not decrease in any session but the synergistic voluntary muscle activity increased significantly. Moreover, we found no alterations in spinal reflex activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that synergistic muscles compensate each other. Furthermore, it seems that self-compensating mechanism of the fatigued muscles occurred additionally. The force compensation does not depend on the function of the fatigued muscle.
authors.affiliation: Exercise Science, Institute of Sport- and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: norman.stutzig@inspo.uni-stuttgart.de.
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stutzig
authors.affiliation: Exercise Science, Institute of Sport- and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Siebert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006181:H-Reflex / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D019415:Torque; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Neuromuscular control; Synergistic force compensation; Synergistic muscles; Triceps surae