title: Transcription profile of genes affected in response to pathological changes in drug-induced rat model of acute kidney injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the present study was to examine the changes in the expression profile of certain genes in rat model of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and to see whether time period and routes of administration affect their expression levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat AKI model was established with gentamicin injection using two different routes of administration and two different time periods. The models were evaluated through histopathological observations. Renal specific genes were selected on the basis of their role during kidney injury. These genes were analyzed through reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Marked disorganization of normal structure of proximal and distal tubules was observed in all the gentamicin-treated groups. Many tubules showed loss of brush border and presence of intratubular protein casts. Changes in gene expression levels were observed for kidney injury molecule (KIM-1), osteopontin, bone morphogenic protein-7 (BMP-7), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), stem cell factor (SCF) and IL-7 receptor with different levels of significance in the renal injury groups studied depending on the time period and route of administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gene expression seems to be dependent partly on the type of injury, route of administration and time period after induction of injury. An improved mechanistic understanding of gene regulation pathways in AKI may provide basis for potential therapeutic development.
authors.affiliation: a Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan .
authors.forename: Rakhshinda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Habib
authors.affiliation: a Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan .
authors.forename: Sumreen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.affiliation: a Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan .
authors.forename: Gulzar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: a Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan .|b Department of Physiology , Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan , and.
authors.forename: Anwar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: a Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan .
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: a Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan .
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waseem
authors.affiliation: a Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan .|c Faculty of Science , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nurul
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kabir
authors.affiliation: a Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan .
authors.forename: Asmat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salim
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 / Q000235:genetics*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D005839:Gentamicins; C525821:Bmp7 protein, rat; C110936:Havcr1 protein, rat
keywords: AKI; biomarkers; gene expression; gentamicin; nephrotoxic; renal toxicity