title: Early radiographic diagnosis of peri-implantitis enhances the outcome of peri-implantitis treatment: a 5-year retrospective study after non-surgical treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study evaluated the relationship between the timing of peri-implantitis diagnosis and marginal bone level after a 5-year follow-up of non-surgical peri-implantitis treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients (69 implants) were given peri-implantitis diagnosis in 2008-2009 in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Among them, 31 implants from 16 patients were included in this study. They were treated non-surgically in this hospital, and came for regular maintenance visits for at least 5 years after peri-implantitis treatment. Radiographic marginal bone levels at each interval were measured and statistical analysis was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Timing of peri-implantitis was one of the significant factors affecting initial bone loss and total bone loss not additional bone after peri-implantitis diagnosis. Patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetic mellitus were positively influenced on both initial bone loss and total bone loss. Patients who needed periodontal treatment after implant placement showed a negative effect on bone loss compared to those who needed periodontal treatment before implant placement during entire periods. Implant location also significantly influenced on amounts of bone loss. Mandibular implants showed less bone loss than maxillary implants. Among surgical factors, combined use of autogenous and xenogenic bone graft materials showed a negative effect on bone loss compared to autogenous bone graft materials. Use of membrane negatively affected on initial bone loss but positively on additional bone loss and total bone loss. Thread exposure showed positive effects on initial bone loss and total bone loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early peri-implantitis diagnosis led to early non-surgical intervention for peri-implantitis treatment, which resulted in the maintenance of the bone level as well as preservation of the implant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Yung
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Shin-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Ah
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Kyun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Alveolar bone loss; Peri-implantitis; Radiography; Regression analysis