title: Effect of maternal exercise on biochemical parameters in rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia.
abstract: Pregnancy is a critical period for brain metabolic programming, being affected by individual environment, such as nutrition, stress, and physical exercise. In this context, we previously reported a cerebral antioxidant upregulation and mitochondrial biogenesis in the offspring delivered from exercised mothers, which could provide neuroprotection against neonatal insults. Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) encephalopathy is one of the most studied models of neonatal brain injury; disrupting motor, cognitive, and learning abilities. Physiopathology includes oxidative stress, allied to mitochondria energy production failure, glutamatergic excitotoxicity, and cell death. In this study we evaluated the effect of maternal swimming during pregnancy on offspring׳s brain oxidative status evaluated fourteen days after HI stablishment. Swimming exercise was performed by female adult rats one week before and during pregnancy, in controlled environment. Their offspring was submitted to HI on postnatal day 7, and the brain samples for biochemical assays were obtained in the weaning. Contrary to our expectations, maternal exercise did not prevent the oxidative alterations observed in brain from HI-rats. In a general way, we found a positive modulation in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, measured two weeks after HI, in hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum of pups delivered from exercised mothers. Reactive species levels were modulated differently in each structure evaluated. Considering the scenery presented, we concluded that HI elicited a neurometabolic adaptation in both brain hemispheres, particularly in hippocampus, parietal cortex, and cerebellum; while striatum appears to be most damaged. The protocol of aerobic maternal exercise was not enough to fully prevent HI-induced brain damages.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago Beltram
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Marcelino
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas de Saúde Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Idalina
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: de Lemos Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Maidana
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Miguel
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas de Saúde Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Alexandre
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lenir Orlandi
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Pereira Silva
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas de Saúde Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: matte@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matté
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005452:Fluoresceins; C037631:2',7'-dichlorofluorescein; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Antioxidant status; Hypoxia-ischemia; Maternal swimming exercise; Neurometabolic adaptation; Reactive species