title: Integrating Sonography Training Into Undergraduate Medical Education: A Study of the Previous Exposure of One Institution's Incoming Residents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sonography is a crucial and versatile tool within the field of medicine. Recent advancements in technology have led to increased use of point-of-care sonography. We designed a survey to assess prior point-of-care sonography training among incoming interns at an academic teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2012 and 2013, we surveyed incoming interns (n = 154 and 145, respectively) regarding point-of-care sonography training received during medical school. The survey questions included formal didactic sessions, bedside instruction, and the use of simulation technology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-fourth (26.3% in 2012 and 23.4% in 2013) of responding interns reported having never done an ultrasound scan at the bedside. In 2012 and 2013, 55.0% and 55.6% of respondents reported never having done an ultrasound scan in a simulation center, respectively. Interns agreed that sonography education should be provided during medical school. On average, interns disagreed with the statement that sonography should be taught in residency only. There was no significant difference in the sex or general previous experience with sonography across both intern classes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Point-of-care sonography is inconsistently taught in medical school. The interns in our study also thought that sonography education should begin in medical school, and sonography should be taught by using simulation and at the bedside.
authors.affiliation: Rector Clinical Skills and Simulation Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA (Ja.D., Jo.D., D.H., K.B., D.B.); and Medical Education Outcomes and Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama USA (L.A.R., R.D.).
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Day
authors.affiliation: Rector Clinical Skills and Simulation Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA (Ja.D., Jo.D., D.H., K.B., D.B.); and Medical Education Outcomes and Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama USA (L.A.R., R.D.).
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Rector Clinical Skills and Simulation Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA (Ja.D., Jo.D., D.H., K.B., D.B.); and Medical Education Outcomes and Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama USA (L.A.R., R.D.). lriesenberg@uab.edu.
authors.forename: Lee Ann
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Riesenberg
authors.affiliation: Rector Clinical Skills and Simulation Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA (Ja.D., Jo.D., D.H., K.B., D.B.); and Medical Education Outcomes and Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama USA (L.A.R., R.D.).
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heil
authors.affiliation: Rector Clinical Skills and Simulation Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA (Ja.D., Jo.D., D.H., K.B., D.B.); and Medical Education Outcomes and Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama USA (L.A.R., R.D.).
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.affiliation: Rector Clinical Skills and Simulation Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA (Ja.D., Jo.D., D.H., K.B., D.B.); and Medical Education Outcomes and Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama USA (L.A.R., R.D.).
authors.forename: Robyn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Rector Clinical Skills and Simulation Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA (Ja.D., Jo.D., D.H., K.B., D.B.); and Medical Education Outcomes and Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama USA (L.A.R., R.D.).
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berg
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000193:education*
keywords: graduate medical education; intern; medical education; point-of-care sonography; sonography training; ultrasound education; undergraduate medical education