title: Intermittent Androgen Suppression: Estimating Parameters for Individual Patients Based on Initial PSA Data in Response to Androgen Deprivation Therapy.
abstract: When a physician decides on a treatment and its schedule for a specific patient, information gained from prior patients and experience in the past is taken into account. A more objective way to make such treatment decisions based on actual data would be useful to the clinician. Although there are many mathematical models proposed for various diseases, so far there is no mathematical method that accomplishes optimization of the treatment schedule using the information gained from past patients or "rapid learning" technology. In an attempt to use this approach, we integrate the information gained from patients previously treated with intermittent androgen suppression (IAS) with that from a current patient by first fitting the time courses of clinical data observed from the previously treated patients, then constructing the prior information of the parameter values of the mathematical model, and finally, maximizing the posterior probability for the parameters of the current patient using the prior information. Although we used data from prostate cancer patients, the proposed method is general, and thus can be applied to other diseases once an appropriate mathematical model is established for that disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morino
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, JCHO Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Japan Community Health Care Organization Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Celestia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Higano
authors.affiliation: Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bruchovsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gambol
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Gouhei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aihara
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D057285:Precision Medicine; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000235:genetics*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D013739:Testosterone; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen