title: Bisphenol A environmental exposure and the detrimental effects on human metabolic health: is it necessary to revise the risk assessment in vulnerable population?
abstract: In the last decades, many reports have focused the attention on deleterious effects of novel environmental chemical compounds, including bisphenol A (BPA), on human health. BPA, a common and widely chemical contaminant acting as endocrine disruptor, accumulates in adipose tissue and may affect adipocyte metabolic and inflammatory functions. BPA, at low chronic doses, is now considered as an obesogen compound, and might contribute to the rise of metabolic syndrome, visceral adiposity and diabetes epidemics. The BPA worldwide presence in the environment is responsible for chronic exposure during vulnerable periods, such as foetal and neonatal life. The BPA source of contamination can occur via food, beverage, wastewater, air, dust and soil. BPA, as lipophilic compound, may accumulate into the adipose tissue already during foetal life and may affect adulthood health, through adverse effects on the growth and development of organs and tissues. Thus, based on several studies, it would be crucial to consider further actions aimed to refine risk assessment at least in vulnerable population, such as foetuses, infants and young children, to prevent metabolic diseases and obesity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Council of Research (CNR) IEOS-CNR, Federico II University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. rossvalentino@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valentino
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: D'Esposito
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ariemma
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cimmino
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Council of Research (CNR) IEOS-CNR, Federico II University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.|Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beguinot
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Council of Research (CNR) IEOS-CNR, Federico II University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.|Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Formisano
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D035862:Vulnerable Populations; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Bisphenol A; Endocrine disruptors; Insulin resistance; Low-grade-inflammation; Obesity; Prenatal/neonatal exposure