title: A Review on Pharmacological Properties of Zingerone (4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone).
abstract: Humans have been using natural products for medicinal use for ages. Natural products of therapeutic importance are compounds derived from plants, animals, or any microorganism. Ginger is also one of the most commonly used condiments and a natural drug in vogue. It is a traditional medicine, having some active ingredients used for the treatment of numerous diseases. During recent research on ginger, various ingredients like zingerone, shogaol, and paradol have been obtained from it. Zingerone (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone) is a nontoxic and inexpensive compound with varied pharmacological activities. It is the least pungent component of Zingiber officinale. Zingerone is absent in fresh ginger but cooking or heating transforms gingerol to zingerone. Zingerone closely related to vanillin from vanilla and eugenol from clove. Zingerone has potent anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antilipolytic, antidiarrhoeic, antispasmodic, and so forth properties. Besides, it displays the property of enhancing growth and immune stimulation. It behaves as appetite stimulant, anxiolytic, antithrombotic, radiation protective, and antimicrobial. Also, it inhibits the reactive nitrogen species which are important in causing Alzheimer's disease and many other disorders. This review is written to shed light on the various pharmacological properties of zingerone and its role in alleviating numerous human and animal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Muneeb U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Insha
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arif
authors.affiliation: Forest Biotech Lab, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Saiema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rasool
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Showkat Ahmad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.affiliation: Division of Livestock Production & Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Insha
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Afzal
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Ishraq
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Sheikh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bilal
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Manzoor ur Rahman
authors.initials: Mu
authors.lastname: Mir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000930:Antidiarrheals; D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; C013738:zingerone; D006139:Guaiacol