title: MRI and (1)H MRS findings of hepatobilary changes and cholangiocarcinoma development in hamsters infected with Opisthorchis viverrini and treated with N-nitrosodimethylamine.
abstract: 3 T MRI and (1)H MRS were useful for quantitative investigation of the serial development of hepatobiliary changes in Opisthorchis viverrini infection in hamsters, and the differential diagnosis of cholangiocacinoma (CCA) development from bile duct changes and normal condition is unclear. In this study, we investigated the serial development of hepatobiliary changes and CCAgenesis in O. viverrini-infected and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) treated hamsters (ON group) using 3 T MRI and (1)H MRS and the results were compared with those either in the O. viverrini-infected group (OV group) and uninfected normal controls. In the ON group, CCAs were first found at 9 weeks post-infection, with sizes of ~2 mm. The typical MR signal characteristics of CCA were hypo- and occasionally isointensity signal on T1-weighted images, and mild-moderate to hyper-intensity signal on T2-weighted images compared to the liver parenchyma. T2-weighted images with fat suppression revealed dilatation of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, and often defined the anatomical level of biliary obstruction, cystic lesions, liver abscesses, and CCA which was starting seen of these noticeable abnormalities at 5 weeks onwards. The results of fibrosis grading using MR images showed a positive correlation (r=0.90, P<0.038 by Spearman's rank correlation test) with those of the histopathological grading. In addition, 3.0 T (1)H MRS showed elevated choline and decreased lipids levels in the liver tissues of the ON group. In conclusion, MRI and (1)H MRS are useful for the quantitative investigation of the serial development of hepatobilary changes and CCA in hamsters, and are potentially useful as early diagnostic tools for CCA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. Electronic address: pethan@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Petcharakorn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hanpanich
authors.affiliation: Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Somchai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pinlaor
authors.affiliation: Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Lakhanawan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Charoensuk
authors.affiliation: Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Puangrat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yongvanit
authors.affiliation: Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Yaovalux
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chamgramol
authors.affiliation: Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chawalit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pairojkul
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Eimorn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mairiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000473:pathology; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009891:Opisthorchis; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine
keywords: Cholangiocarcinoma; Hepatobiliary change; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Opisthorchis viverrini