title: Toxic and nutrient elements in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis).
abstract: Toxic and nutrient elements were investigated in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) from South America. Fifty-four brands of commercialised yerba mate from Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay were analysed for Al, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, Sr, and Zn, using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and Li, Be, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Co, As, Se, Rb, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, La, Ce, Pb, Bi and U using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Antimony, Se, Ag and Bi were not detected in any sample whereas the limits of detection (LODs) of these elements were 0.19, 0.40, 0.003 and 0.001 μg g(-1), respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the concentrations of Cd, Ti, Ni, As, Mo, U, Li and Be in yerba mate were not statistically different with regard to the country of origin, while those of the other investigated elements differed.
authors.affiliation: a Instituto de Química , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Dirce
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pozebon
authors.forename: Valderi Luiz
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Dressler
authors.forename: Marcelo Caetano Alexandre
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Marcelo
authors.forename: Tiago Charão
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Marco Flores
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ferrão
mesh_terms: D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000032:analysis; D005506:Food Contamination; D005513:Food Inspection; D006801:Humans; D030019:Ilex paraguariensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D019565:Metals, Light / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D009753:Nutritive Value; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013020:South America; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D019565:Metals, Light; D014131:Trace Elements; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: ICP-MS; ICP-OES; elemental analysis; toxic and nutrient elements; yerba mate