title: Healing activity of Casearia sylvestris Sw. in second-degree scald burns in rodents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Every year thousands of people are victims of burns, mainly scald burns. Many of these victims have small size wounds and superficial partial thickness and do not seek specialized medical care. As in Brazil Casearia sylvestris Sw., popularly known as guaçatonga is widely used for its analgesic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory activities, this study sought to evaluate the effects of its hydroalcoholic extract in healing process of burns injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  The obtained extract was validated applying a thin layer chromatography and sophisticated validation method using Bothrops jararacussu snake venom that is necrotic and inflammatory, and by which guaçatonga extract was able to neutralize the irreversible neuromuscular blockade induced by the venom. After induction of the scald injury, the animals were treated daily with saline solution spray; spray containing extract; biofilm; or biofilm impregnated with extract.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were observed between the four groups studied considering: extension of the healing area, neovascularization, fibroblast proliferation, and epithelialization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effects of C. sylvestris Sw. suggests a potential therapeutic benefit in the treatment of inflammatory conditions in second-degree scald burn injuries, as well as, counteracting against the in vitro paralysis induced by B. jararacussu venom.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. ninoepd@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Evandro Pedro
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: de Campos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. leticianavatrombini@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Letícia Nava
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Trombini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. rafaelaa_rodrigues@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Rafaela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. decioportella@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Décio Luis
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Portella
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. adrianac.w@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Adriana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. miriele.ferraz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Miriele Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. robson.oliveira@prof.uniso.br.
authors.forename: Robson Vicente Machado
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Serpentarium of the Vale do Paraíba University (CEN-UNIVAP), Av Shishima Hifumi 2911, 12244-000, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil. jccogo@univap.br.
authors.forename: José Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cogo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. yoko.franco@prof.uniso.br.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oshima-Franco
authors.affiliation: Department of Technological and Environmental Process, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. norberto.aranha@prof.uniso.br.
authors.forename: Norberto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aranha
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Toxicological Research (Lapetox), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Cidade Universitária, Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, 18023-000, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. marli.gerenutti@prof.uniso.br.
authors.forename: Marli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerenutti
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000997:Antivenins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017837:Bothrops / Q000378:metabolism; D002056:Burns / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D037821:Casearia / Q000737:chemistry*; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000997:Antivenins; D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts