title: Physiological and Psychological Effects of Viewing a Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa 'Hayward') Orchard Landscape in Summer in Japan.
abstract: The physiological and psychological relaxation effects of viewing a kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa 'Hayward') orchard landscape were investigated. Seventeen Japanese adult females (46.1 ± 8.2 years) viewed a kiwifruit orchard landscape or a building site (control) for 10 min. The heart rate variability and heart rate were determined. The modified semantic differential method and the short-form Profile of Mood States were used to assess the psychological effects. Compared with viewing the building site, viewing the kiwifruit orchard landscape resulted in a significant increase in the parasympathetic activity, a marginally significant decrease in the heart rate, a significant increase in "comfortable", "relaxed" and "natural" feelings and a significant improvement in mood states.
authors.affiliation: Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan. miho.murachi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.affiliation: Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan. mmiwa@faculty.chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.affiliation: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan. ikei.harumi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikei
authors.affiliation: Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan. crsong1028@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chorong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan. mtgaki@faculty.chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takagaki
authors.affiliation: Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan. ymiyazaki@faculty.chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D029042:Actinidia; D000328:Adult; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008875:Middle Aged; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012063:Relaxation
keywords: Japanese urban agriculture; kiwifruit orchard; physiological relaxation; psychological relaxation; summer