title: Degradation of chlorpyrifos residues in apple under temperate conditions of Kashmir Valley.
abstract: The present studies were carried out to observe the dissipation pattern of chlorpyrifos on apple in Kashmir Valley. Persistence of chlorpyrifos in apple was studied following two applications rates of chlorpyrifos (Dursban 20 EC) at 200 g a.i. ha(-1) (single dose T 1) and 400 g a.i. ha(-1) (double dose T 2). The average initial deposit of chlorpyrifos was found to be 1.61 and 1.98 μg g(-1) for T 1 and T 2 application rates respectively on apple. The residues dissipated to 0.09 and 0.06 μg g(-1) after 15- and 30-day post treatment with half-life periods of 3.34 and 5.47 days in T 1 and T 2 application rates, respectively. The residues of chlorpyrifos dissipated to below limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.04 μg g(-1) after 30 day at T 1 application rate. A waiting period of 6 days must be observed for chlorpyrifos on apple at recommended application rate for the safety of consumers. Theoretical maximum residue contribution (TMRC) values were found to be far less than maximum permissible intake (MPI) at 0 day in both the dosages suggesting chlorpyrifos on apple in Kashmir is unlikely to cause health risks.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Residue and Quality Analysis, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar Srinagar, Kashmir, 190025, J&K, India, drmalikmukhtar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Malik
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukhtar
authors.forename: Asma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sherwani
authors.forename: Ashraf Alam
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.forename: Sheikh Bilal
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Javid Ahmad
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sofi
authors.forename: Parveena
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bano
mesh_terms: D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006207:Half-Life; D007194:India; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D004390:Chlorpyrifos