title: Characterization of moose intestinal glycosphingolipids.
abstract: As a part of a systematic investigation of the species-specific expression of glycosphingolipids, acid and non-acid glycosphingolipids were isolated from three small intestines and one large intestine of the moose (Alces alces). The glycosphingolipids were characterized by binding of monoclonal antibodies, lectins and bacteria in chromatogram binding assays, and by mass spectrometry. The non-acid fractions were complex mixtures, and all had glycosphingolipids belonging to the lacto- and neolactoseries (lactotriaosylceramide, lactotetraosylceramide, neolactotetraosylceramide, Galα3-Le(x) hexaosylceramide, and lacto-neolactohexaosylceramide), globo-series (globotriaosylceramide and globotetraosylceramide), and isogloboseries (isoglobotriaosylceramide). Penta- and heptaglycosylceramides with terminal Galili determinants were also characterized. Furthermore, glycosphingolipids with terminal blood group O determinants (H triaosylceramide, H type 2 pentaosylceramide, H type 1 penta- and heptaosylceramide) were characterized in two of the moose small intestines, and in the one large intestine, while the third small intestine had glycosphingolipids with terminal blood group A determinants (A tetraosylceramide, A type 1 hexa- and octaosylceramide, A dodecaosylceramide). The acid glycosphingolipid fractions of moose small and large intestine contained sulfatide, and the gangliosides GM3, GD3, GD1a, GD1b, and also NeuGc and NeuAc variants of the Sd(a) ganglioside and the sialyl-globopenta/SSEA-4 ganglioside. In humans, the NeuAc-globopenta/SSEA-4 ganglioside is a marker of embryonic and adult stem cells, and is also expressed in several human cancers. This is the first time sialyl-globopentaosylceramide/SSEA-4 has been characterized in a fully differentiated normal tissue, and also the first time NeuGc-globopentaosylceramide has been characterized.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 440, S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Miralda Madar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dedic
authors.forename: Klara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lundholm
authors.forename: Filip Berner
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Branzell
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benktander
authors.forename: Susann
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teneberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006736:Horses; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D012418:Ruminants / Q000378:metabolism*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D006028:Glycosphingolipids; D037102:Lectins; D009844:Oligosaccharides