title: Control of Pierce's Disease by Phage.
abstract: Pierce's Disease (PD) of grapevines, caused by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa (Xf), is a limiting factor in the cultivation of grapevines in the US. There are presently no effective control methods to prevent or treat PD. The therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of a phage cocktail composed of four virulent (lytic) phages was evaluated for control of PD. Xf levels in grapevines were significantly reduced in therapeutically or prophylactically treated grapevines. PD symptoms ceased to progress one week post-therapeutic treatment and symptoms were not observed in prophylactically treated grapevines. Cocktail phage levels increased in grapevines in the presence of the host. No in planta phage-resistant Xf isolates were obtained. Moreover, Xf mutants selected for phage resistance in vitro did not cause PD symptoms. Our results indicate that phages have great potential for biocontrol of PD and other economically important diseases caused by Xylella.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America; Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mayukh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America; Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tushar Suvra
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Bhowmick
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America; Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ahern
authors.affiliation: Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ry
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America; Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Carlos F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000502:physiology*; D061046:Biological Control Agents; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D008242:Lysogeny; D009154:Mutation; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D027843:Vitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D044167:Xylella / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D061046:Biological Control Agents