title: IMF-screws or arch bars as conservative treatment for mandibular condyle fractures: Quality of life aspects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Arch bars as treatment for a fractured mandibular condyle are inconvenient to patients and lead to lowered quality of life (QOL). To overcome these inconveniences, IMF-screws (IMFS) to facilitate intermaxillary fixation during surgery have been developed. The purpose of the present study is to investigate and compare QOL for patients treated for a fractured mandibular condyle with either IMFS or arch bars.
  
  
  METHODS
  This research trial was conducted from 2010 to 2014 as part of an earlier prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial in which the use of IMFS was compared to the use of arch bars in the treatment of mandibular condylar fractures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 50 patients were included: 30 (60%) male patients and 20 (40%) female patients (mean age: 31.8 years, standard deviation [SD] = 13.9 years, range = 18-64 years). A total of 24 (48%) patients were allocated in the IMFS group, and 26 (52%) patients were assigned to the arch-bars control group. Significant results were observed in the subscales social isolation, possibility to eat and vary diet, influence on sleep, and satisfaction with the given treatment, all in favour of IMFS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, using IMFS as a method for conservative treatment of condylar fractures led to a higher QOL during the 6-week period of fracture healing. In comparison to arch bars, patients treated with IMFS experienced less social isolation, had fewer problems with eating, and express the feeling they are able to continue their normal diet. Furthermore it seems that the use of IMFS has a lower negative impact on social and financial aspects of the patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kennemer Gasthuis Hospital, P.O. Box 417, 2000 AK, Haarlem, The Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: b.vanden.bergh@kg.nl.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van den Bergh
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kennemer Gasthuis Hospital, P.O. Box 417, 2000 AK, Haarlem, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: de Mol van Otterloo
authors.affiliation: Research Center Linnaeus Institute, Kennemer Gasthuis Hospital, P.O. Box 417, 2000 AK, Haarlem, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van der Ploeg
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Tuinzing
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Forouzanfar
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001863:Bone Screws; D000072700:Conservative Treatment / Q000379:methods*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019248:Jaw Fixation Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000293:injuries*; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D057566:Self Report; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D012934:Social Isolation; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Arch bars; IMF screws (IMFS); Intermaxillary fixation (IMF); Mandibular condylar fractures; Quality of life