title: A review of antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease.
abstract: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a gynaecological inflammatory disorder with a high incidence that can lead to sequelae such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain. The International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections (IUSTI) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have issued treatment recommendations for the management of PID. The purpose of this review is to summarise the available evidence for the use of IUSTI- and CDC-recommended antibiotic therapies for PID. The main differences between recommendations concern alternative regimens for inpatient treatment and the use of oral moxifloxacin as an alternative outpatient regimen in the IUSTI guidelines. There is evidence supporting the use of the recommended antibiotic regimens, although with some variation in reported cure rates. This variation can be explained, in part, by the different diagnostic and evaluation criteria used in different trials. Adverse events that require discontinuation of antibiotic therapy are rarely observed. The main limitation of the current available evidence is the short-term follow-up, which does not allow full evaluation of the risks of long-term sequelae.
authors.affiliation: University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. Electronic address: r.duarte@bham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: University Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fuhrich
authors.affiliation: University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Jonathan D C
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiotic therapy; CDC guidelines; IUSTI guidelines; Pelvic inflammatory disease