title: Association of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphisms With Acute Rejection in Liver Transplant Recipients.
abstract: Polymorphisms of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene have been associated with altered endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between endothelial nitric oxide synthase -786T/C and 894G/T polymorphism and their haplotypes on the occurrence of acute rejection episodes in liver transplant recipients.
  
  
  
  We conducted a case control study in which 100 liver transplant recipients and 100 healthy controls were recruited from Shiraz Transplant Center. The patients used triple therapy including tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisolone for immunosuppression maintenance. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  
  Patients included 60 men and 40 women (mean age, 32.35 ± 10.2 y). There was a significant association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase 894G/T and acute rejection episode. The GT* gen-otype and acute rejection episodes had a significant association (odds ratio, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.97-6.15; P = .03). The GG and GT* genotype and T* allele frequency were significantly different between patients and control subjects (P = .001). Haplotype TT* was higher in recipients than control subjects (odds ratio, 2.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-4.25; P = .01). Haplotype TG was higher in the control group (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.96; P = .02).
  
  
  
  Our results suggest a relation between different endothelial nitric oxide synthase geno-types and risk of acute rejection episodes. However, further study is necessary to determine genetic susceptibility for transplant patients.
authors.affiliation: From the Transplant Research Center Shiraz, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Negar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azarpira
authors.forename: Soha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Namazi
authors.forename: Sayan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malahi
authors.forename: Kourosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kazemi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006239:Haplotypes; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007492:Iran; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III