title: Perceived effectiveness of HPV test as a primary screening modality among US providers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The human papillomavirus (HPV) test, administered alone without the Papanicolaou (Pap) test, was recently recognized as a cervical cancer screening option in the United States by the Society of Gynecologic Oncology and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and the Food and Drug Administration has approved an HPV test for primary screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surveys of US internists, family practitioners, nurse practitioners, and obstetrician-gynecologists were conducted in 2009 and 2012 to investigate providers' perceptions of the effectiveness of the HPV test administered alone as a population-based screening modality (2009: N=1040, 141-494 per provider group; 2012: N=1039, 155-435 per provider group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority in each provider group agreed that the HPV test administered alone is an effective screening modality in 2009 (75.3%-86.1%) and 2012 (79.5%-91.8%), and agreement rose significantly during this time period among family practitioners (χ(2)=15.26, df=1, p<0.001) and nurse practitioners (χ(2)=4.53, df=1, p=0.033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Agreement that the HPV test administered alone is an effective cervical cancer screening modality was widespread among providers in both 2009 and 2012, however implementation of guidelines for screening with the HPV test may be influenced by many other factors including reimbursement and patient preferences.
authors.affiliation: Soltera Center for Cancer Prevention and Control, Tucson, AZ, 85704, USA. Electronic address: crystale_cooper@comcast.net.
authors.forename: Crystale Purvis
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. Electronic address: yzs2@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saraiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D061809:Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D065006:Papanicolaou Test / Q000379:methods; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000639:trends*; D014481:United States; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000379:methods
keywords: Cervical cancer; Health care providers; Human papillomavirus DNA test; Screening