title: Evaluation of Four Commercial Multiplex Molecular Tests for the Diagnosis of Acute Respiratory Infections.
abstract: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Documentation of respiratory specimens can help for an appropriate clinical management with a significant effect on the disease progress in patient, the antimicrobial therapy used and the risk of secondary spread of infection. Here, we compared the performances of four commercial multiplex kits used in French University Hospital diagnostic microbiology laboratories for the detection of ARI pathogens (i.e., the xTAG Respiratory Viral Panel Fast, RespiFinder SMART 22, CLART PneumoVir and Fast Track Diagnostics Respiratory Pathogen 33 kits). We used a standardised nucleic acids extraction protocol and a comprehensive comparative approach that mixed reference to well established real-time PCR detection techniques and analysis of convergent positive results. We tested 166 respiratory clinical samples and identified a global high degree of correlation for at least three of the techniques (xTAG, RespiFinder and FTD33). For these techniques, the highest Youden's index (YI), positive predictive (PPV) and specificity (Sp) values were observed for Core tests (e.g., influenza A [YI:0.86-1.00; PPV:78.95-100.00; Sp:97.32-100.00] & B [YI:0.44-1.00; PPV:100.00; Sp:100.00], hRSV [YI:0.50-0.99; PPV:85.71-100.00; Sp:99.38-100.00], hMPV [YI:0.71-1.00; PPV:83.33-100.00; Sp:99.37-100.00], EV/hRV [YI:0.62-0.82; PPV:93.33-100.00; Sp:94.48-100.00], AdV [YI:1.00; PPV:100.00; Sp:100.00] and hBoV [YI:0.20-0.80; PPV:57.14-100.00; Sp:98.14-100.00]). The present study completed an overview of the multiplex techniques available for the diagnosis of acute respiratory infections.
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales", Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology, IFR146 ICORE, University Hospital, Caen, France.
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vabret
authors.affiliation: Virology Laboratory, Hôpital Necker Enfants malades, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité-EA 36-20, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leruez-Ville
authors.affiliation: Unité de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, and IFR 53/EA-4303 (DAT/PPCIDH), Faculté de Médecine, Reims, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Andreoletti
authors.affiliation: UMR-S 707 INSERM, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Public Assistance Hospital of Paris, Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Unité de Santé Publique, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carrat
authors.affiliation: Unité de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, and IFR 53/EA-4303 (DAT/PPCIDH), Faculté de Médecine, Reims, France.
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Renois
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales", Marseille, France; IHU Institute hospitalo-universitaire Méditerranée Infection, APHM Public Hospitals of Marseille, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: de Lamballerie
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017934:Coronavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D056661:Human bocavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000592:standards*; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030061:Parechovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic / Q000592:standards*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D018108:Respirovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic