title: An academic, clinical and industrial update on electrospun, additive manufactured and imprinted medical devices.
abstract: Electrospinning, additive manufacturing and imprint lithography scaffold fabrication technologies have attracted great attention in biomedicine, as they allow production of two- and three- dimensional constructs with tuneable topographical and geometrical features. In vitro data demonstrate that electrospun and imprinted substrates offer control over permanently differentiated and stem cell function. Advancements in functionalisation strategies have further enhanced the bioactivity and reparative capacity of electrospun and additive manufactured devices, as has been evidenced in several preclinical models. Despite this overwhelming success in academic setting, only a few technologies have reached the clinic and only a fraction of them have become commercially available products.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Regenerative, Modular and Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Christina N M
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Kieran P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Aitor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Larrañaga
authors.forename: Manus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Biggs
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bayon
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sarasua
authors.forename: Abhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.forename: Dimitrios I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Zeugolis
mesh_terms: D020811:Biomedical Technology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
keywords: clinical trials; commercialisation; medical device; scaffold functionalisation approaches; scaffold manufacturing technologies; technology readiness level