title: Feasibility Study of 3-T DWI of the Prostate: Readout-Segmented Versus Single-Shot Echo-Planar Imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the clinical utility of generalized autocalibrating partial parallel acquisition (GRAPPA)-accelerated readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (rs-EPI) DWI and compare it with standard single-shot EPI ( ss-EPI) DWI in visualization of the prostate during 3-T MRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixteen consecutively registered patients (mean age, 63.5 years; range 24-93 years) underwent 3-T MRI that included rs-EPI DWI and standard ss-EPI DWI with identical FOVs, slices, acceleration factors, b values, and image postprocessing procedure. The datasets were independently evaluated by two blinded radiologists. Images were evaluated for sharpness, anatomic distortion, imaging contrast, lesion conspicuity, detailed anatomic visualization, and overall image quality on a 5-point Likert scale (1, nondiagnostic; 5, excellent).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The kappa values were 0.73 for image sharpness, 0.71 for anatomic distortion, 0.54 for imaging contrast, 0.56 for lesion conspicuity, 0.61 for detailed anatomic visualization, and 0.63 for overall image quality (all p < 0.05), indicating moderate to substantial agreement between the two observers. The mean Likert scores for standard ss-EPI and rs-EPI were as follows: image sharpness, 2.9 and 4.6; distortion level, 2.8 and 4.4; contrast, 3.1 and 3.8; lesion conspicuity, 3.0 and 4.0; structure, 3.1 and 4.2; and overall image quality, 3.1 and 4.2. The rs-EPI DWI sequence was associated with significantly better image quality and fewer susceptibility artifacts than was ss-EPI (all p < 0.05). The rs-EPI sequence was considered better overall in 90% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The technique of rs-EPI DWI combined with GRAPPA enables robust prostate imaging with high image quality and may provide great benefit in routine clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: 2 MR Collaboration NE Asia, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
authors.forename: Vivek Kumar
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sah
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Jihong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: MRI; diffusion-weighted imaging; echo-planar imaging; prostate; readout-segmented echo-planar imaging