title: Detection of tick-borne Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma centrale in Spain.
abstract: The genus Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) includes species of medical and veterinary importance. The presence of Anaplasma spp. in ticks from birds, as well as in Haemaphysalis punctata (Ixodida: Ixodidae) specimens collected from cattle and vegetation in northern Spain was investigated. A total of 336 ticks from birds [174 Ixodes frontalis (Ixodida: Ixodidae), 108 H. punctata, 34 Hyalomma marginatum (Ixodida: Ixodidae), 17 Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and three Ixodes spp.], and 181 H. punctata specimens collected from cattle (n = 71) and vegetation (n = 110) were analysed. Anaplasma bovis was detected in five H. punctata, including two from birds (1.9%) and three from vegetation (2.7%). Four I. frontalis (2.3%) (one co-infected with 'Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii') and one I. ricinus (5.9%) removed from birds, as well as four H. punctata (5.6%) collected from cattle showed Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection. In addition, Anaplasma centrale was found in two H. punctata, one from a cow (1.4%) and the other from vegetation (0.9%). This study represents the first evidence of the presence of A. bovis in European ticks, and reports the first detection of A. bovis and A. centrale in H. punctata, and the first finding of A. phagocytophilum and 'Ca. Midichloria mitochondrii' in I. frontalis.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital San Pedro-CIBIR, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Palomar
authors.affiliation: Centre of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital San Pedro-CIBIR, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Portillo
authors.affiliation: Centre of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital San Pedro-CIBIR, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Santibáñez
authors.affiliation: Abies, Environment Resources, Inc., Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mazuelas
authors.affiliation: Abies, Environment Resources, Inc., Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roncero
authors.affiliation: Centre of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital San Pedro-CIBIR, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: García-Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Centre of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital San Pedro-CIBIR, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santibáñez
authors.affiliation: Aranzadi Society of Sciences, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain.
authors.forename: Ó
authors.initials: Ó
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Centre of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital San Pedro-CIBIR, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oteo
mesh_terms: D000709:Anaplasma / Q000502:physiology*; D042321:Anaplasma centrale / Q000502:physiology; D041081:Anaplasma phagocytophilum / Q000502:physiology; D000712:Anaplasmosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D018884:Ixodes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D026863:Ixodidae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D009758:Nymph / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D017282:Tick-Borne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Anaplasma spp; Haemaphysalis punctata; Ixodes frontalis; Ixodes ricinus; bird; cattle; ticks