title: The effectiveness of massage based on the tensegrity principle compared with classical abdominal massage performed on patients with constipation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of massage based on the tensegrity principle and classical abdominal massage performed on patients with constipation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 29 subjects with a pre-existing diagnosis of constipation based on the Rome III criteria. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group was made up of 15 patients who underwent tensegrity massage (average age: 59.8 years), and the second was made up of 14 patients who were given classical abdominal massage (average age: 55.7 years). The study consisted of six massage sessions in both groups, with two sessions per week performed over 21 days. The assessment was based on a patient questionnaire, the Rome III questionnaire and a diary of bowel movements. The results were analyzed before therapy, after one week of therapy and after the third (final) week of therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changes in the number of defecations were compared between the two groups; the biggest changes occurred in the first and third week of therapy (P<0.01, calculated by the Mann-Whitey test). As a result of the therapy, tension during defecation dropped from 60% to 20% in Group I, and from 42.8% to 35.7% in Group II. The influence of the applied therapy was evaluated positively by 80% of the tensegrity massage group and 29% of the classical abdominal massage group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Massage based on the tensegrity principle may have a greater positive influence on the quality and quantity of bowel movements than classical abdominal massage.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland; Physiotherapy Institute, Opole Medical School, ul. Katowicka 68, 45-060 Opole, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kassolik
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland; Physiotherapy Institute, Opole Medical School, ul. Katowicka 68, 45-060 Opole, Poland.
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Andrzejewski
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wilk
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brzozowski
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Voyce
authors.affiliation: Family Medicine Practice, Bulwar Ikara 21B, 51-130 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaworska-Krawiecka
authors.affiliation: Family Medicine Practice, ul. Soltysowicka 56, 51-168 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Institute, Opole Medical School, ul. Katowicka 68, 45-060 Opole, Poland; Family Medicine Department, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Syrokomli 1, 51-141 Wroclaw, Poland. Electronic address: dkurpas@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Donata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kurpas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003248:Constipation / Q000628:therapy*; D003672:Defecation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008405:Massage / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Constipation; Massage; Physiotherapy