title: Immediate Discharge and Home Treatment With Rivaroxaban of Low-risk Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosed in Two U.S. Emergency Departments: A One-year Preplanned Analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study hypothesis was that a target-specific anticoagulant would allow successful home treatment of selected patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosed in two urban emergency departments (EDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  A protocol was established for treating low-risk DVT or PE patients with rivaroxaban and clinic, follow-up at both 2 to 5 weeks, and 3 to 6 months. Patients were determined to be low-risk by using a modified version of the Hestia criteria, supplemented by additional criteria for patients with active cancer. Acceptable outcome rates were defined as venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence ≤ 2.1% or bleeding ≤ 9.4% during treatment. VTE recurrence required positive imaging of any VTE. The International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis definition of major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From March 2013 through April 2014, a total of 106 patients were treated. Seventy-one (68%) had DVT, 30 (28%) had PE, and five (3%) had both, representing 51% of all DVTs and 27% of all PEs diagnosed in both EDs during the period of study. The 106 patients have been followed for a mean (±SD) of 389 (±111) days (range = 213 to 594 days). No patient had VTE recurrence, and no patient had a major or clinically relevant bleeding event while on therapy (none of the 106, 0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0% to 3.4%). However, three patients 2.8% (95% CI = 1% to 8%) had recurrent DVT after cessation of therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients diagnosed with VTE and immediately discharged from the ED while treated with rivaroxaban had a low rate of VTE recurrence and bleeding.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.|The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Daren M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Beam
authors.affiliation: The Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Zachary P
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Kahler
authors.affiliation: The Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.|The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kline
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge; D018579:Patient Selection; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D000069552:Rivaroxaban / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014481:United States; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D000069552:Rivaroxaban