title: Multiple cues on the physiochemical, mesenchymal, and intracellular trafficking interactions with nanocarriers to maximize tumor target efficiency.
abstract: Over the past 60 years, numerous medical strategies have been employed to overcome neoplasms. In fact, with the exception of lung, bronchial, and pancreatic cancers, the 5-year survival rate of most cancers currently exceeds 70%. However, the quality of life of patients during chemotherapy remains unsatisfactory despite the increase in survival rate. The side effects of current chemotherapies stem from poor target efficiency at tumor sites due to the uncontrolled biodistribution of anticancer agents (ie, conventional or current approved nanodrugs). This review discusses the effective physiochemical factors for determining biodistribution of nanocarriers and, ultimately, increasing tumor-targeting probability by avoiding the reticuloendothelial system. Second, stem cell-conjugated nanotherapeutics was addressed to maximize the tumor searching ability and to inhibit tumor growth. Lastly, physicochemical material properties of anticancer nanodrugs were discussed for targeting cellular organelles with modulation of drug-release time. A better understanding of suggested topics will increase the tumor-targeting ability of anticancer drugs and, ultimately, promote the quality of life of cancer patients during chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dongwoo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khang
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008970:Molecular Weight; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011788:Quality of Life; D015996:Survival Rate; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: anticancer nanodrugs; cancer; intracellular trafficking; mesenchymal stem cell