title: The genomic evolution of human prostate cancer.
abstract: Prostate cancers are highly prevalent in the developed world, with inheritable risk contributing appreciably to tumour development. Genomic heterogeneity within individual prostate glands and between patients derives predominantly from structural variants and copy-number aberrations. Subtypes of prostate cancers are being delineated through the increasing use of next-generation sequencing, but these subtypes are yet to be used to guide the prognosis or therapeutic strategy. Herein, we review our current knowledge of the mutational landscape of human prostate cancer, describing what is known of the common mutations underpinning its development. We evaluate recurrent prostate-specific mutations prior to discussing the mutational events that are shared both in prostate cancer and across multiple cancer types. From these data, we construct a putative overview of the genomic evolution of human prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Surgery, Academic Urology Group, University of Cambridge, Box 202, Level E9, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK [2] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Box 279, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Neal
mesh_terms: D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D050939:Gene Fusion; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D050783:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets / Q000235:genetics; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D050783:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases