title: Mercury(II) determination in commercial cosmetics and local Thai traditional medicines by flow injection spectrophotometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The proposed method was developed for the enhancement of sensitivity for Hg(II) determination using dithizone by adding SDS in the presence of ascorbic acid in sulphuric acid medium.
  
  
  METHODS
  The method was based on the reaction between Hg(II) and 1,5-diphenylthiocarbazone (dithizone), in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as an anionic surfactant (to avoid solvent extraction) and ascorbic acid in a slightly acidic medium resulting in a soluble orange coloured Hg(II)-dithizone complex which gave the maximum absorption at 490 nm. No extraction system was required in this method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under the optimum conditions, a linear calibration graph was obtained over the concentration range of 0.05-1.50 μg mL(-1). The method was characterized by a limit of detection (LOD, defined as 3σ) and limit of quantification (LOQ, defined as 10σ) of 0.03 and 0.14 μg mL(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviations for replicate injection were 1.32 and 0.78% (n = 11) for 0.05 and 0.20 μg mL(-1) of Hg(II) standard solutions, respectively. The developed method has been satisfactorily applied for Hg(II) determination in commercial cosmetics and local Thai traditional medicines. Results obtained by the proposed method are compared favourably with those analysed by ICP-MS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enhancement of sensitivity and rapidity for Hg(II) assay by FIA could be achieved by adding SDS in ascorbic acid. The method would be useful for routine analysis of Hg(II) in real samples.
authors.affiliation: Alpha Flow Analysis Group, Department of Chemistry and center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Together with Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Prasertboonyai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liawraungrath
authors.affiliation: Alpha Flow Analysis Group, Department of Chemistry and center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Together with Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.|Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pojanakaroon
authors.affiliation: Alpha Flow Analysis Group, Department of Chemistry and center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Together with Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.|Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liawraungrath
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D008628:Mercury
keywords: UV/VIS/Fluo/CD spectroscopy; chemical analysis; cosmetic products; flow injection analysis; mercury(II)