title: Comparison of bacterial leakage resistance of various root canal filling materials and methods: Confocal laser-scanning microscope study.
abstract: This study evaluated the bacterial leakage resistance and root canal lining efficacy of various root canal filling materials and methods by using confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM). Sixty extracted human premolars with mature apex and single root canal were randomly divided into 2 control groups and 4 experimental groups. Group CW was filled with continuous wave technique using gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. Group GC was coated with AH-Plus sealer and then obturated with soften GuttaCore. Group GF was obturated using GuttaFlow and gutta-percha. Group EM was filled with EndoSeal MTA and gutta-percha using ultrasonic vibration. The AH-Plus, GuttaFlow, and EndoSeal were labeled with Hoechst 33342 to facilitate fluorescence. The obturated root tip was incubated with Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-stained E. faecalis for 14 days. CLSM was performed to evaluate the sealer distribution and bacterial leakage for the apical 1-, 2-, 3-mm specimens. Statistically significant differences were determined by 1-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test and Pearson's correlation analysis. Group EM showed the better sealer distribution score than the other groups (p < 0.05). Group CW and group GC exhibited the less bacterial leakage than the group GF, while group EM showed the similar bacterial leakage score with the groups CW and GC. There was no significant correlation between the sealer distribution and bacterial leakage (p > 0.05). Under the conditions of this study, different root canal filling materials and methods showed different efficacy for canal distribution and bacterial leakage resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Sam
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Eunjoo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sangwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeon-Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001641:Bicuspid; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials
keywords: GuttaCore; GuttaFlow; bacterial leakage; confocal laser scanning microscope; root canal sealer; sealer distribution