title: 3D Printing of Octacalcium Phosphate Bone Substitutes.
abstract: Biocompatible calcium phosphate ceramic grafts are able of supporting new bone formation in appropriate environment. The major limitation of these materials usage for medical implants is the absence of accessible methods for their patient-specific fabrication. 3D printing methodology is an excellent approach to overcome the limitation supporting effective and fast fabrication of individual complex bone substitutes. Here, we proposed a relatively simple route for 3D printing of octacalcium phosphates (OCP) in complexly shaped structures by the combination of inkjet printing with post-treatment methodology. The printed OCP blocks were further implanted in the developed cranial bone defect followed by histological evaluation. The obtained result confirmed the potential of the developed OCP bone substitutes, which allowed 2.5-time reducing of defect's diameter at 6.5 months in a region where native bone repair is extremely inefficient.
authors.affiliation: A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia.
authors.forename: Vladimir S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Komlev
authors.affiliation: Institute of Laser and Information Technologies, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia.
authors.forename: Vladimir K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Popov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Laser and Information Technologies, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia.
authors.forename: Anton V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Mironov
authors.affiliation: A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander Yu
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Fedotov
authors.affiliation: A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia.
authors.forename: Anastasia Yu
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Teterina
authors.affiliation: A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia.
authors.forename: Igor V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Smirnov
authors.affiliation: Human Stem Cells Institute , Moscow , Russia ; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry , Moscow , Russia ; A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA of Russia , Moscow , Russia.
authors.forename: Ilya Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Bozo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center , Moscow , Russia.
authors.forename: Vera A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Rybko
authors.affiliation: Human Stem Cells Institute , Moscow , Russia ; Kazan Federal University , Kazan , Russia.
authors.forename: Roman V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Deev
keywords: 3D printing; bone graft; ceramics; in vivo test; octacalcium phosphate; osteoconductivity; tricalcium phosphate