title: Increased Maternal and Cord Blood Betatrophin in Gestational Diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to compare maternal and cord blood levels of betatrophin--a new peptide potentially controlling beta cell growth--as well as in its mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue and placental tissue obtained from pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and gestational diabetes (GDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum betatrophin and irisin concentrations were measured by ELISA in 93 patients with GDM and 97 women with NGT between 24 and 28 week of gestation. Additionally, maternal and cord blood betatrophin and irisin, as well as their genes (C19orf80 and Fndc5) expression were evaluated in 20 patients with GDM and 20 women with NGT at term.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups, serum betatrophin concentrations were significantly higher in the patients with GDM than in the controls (1.91 [1.40-2.60] ng/ml vs 1.63 [1.21-2.22] ng/ml, p=0.03 and 3.45 [2.77-6.53] ng/ml vs 2.78 [2.16-3.65] ng/ml, p=0.03, respectively). Cord blood betatrophin levels were also higher in the GDM than in the NGT group (20.43 [12.97-28.80] ng/ml vs 15.06 [10.11-21.36] ng/ml, p=0.03). In both groups betatrophin concentrations in arterial cord blood were significantly higher than in maternal serum (p=0.0001). Serum irisin levels were significantly lower in the patients with GDM (1679 [1308-2171] ng/ml) than in the healthy women between 24 and 28 week of pregnancy (1880 [1519-2312] ng/ml, p=0.03). Both C19orf80 and Fndc5 mRNA expression in fat and placental tissue did not differ significantly between the groups studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that an increase in maternal and cord blood betatrophin might be a compensatory mechanism for enhanced insulin demand in GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Telejko
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuzmicki
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sobota
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lipinska
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pliszka
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Raczkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuc
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Remigiusz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szamatowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kretowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laudanski
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000091306:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C576683:ANGPTL8 protein, human; D000091306:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D001786:Blood Glucose; C577593:FNDC5 protein, human; D005353:Fibronectins; D007328:Insulin; D036361:Peptide Hormones