title: Pleural effusion levels of DJ-1 are increased in elderly lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  DJ-1 is a multifunctional protein implicated in redox dependent cell fate decisions. The aim of our study was to determine the pleural fluid (PF) levels of DJ-1 in malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) secondary to lung cancer. Additionally, we opted to assess potential correlations of DJ-1 PF levels with the PF levels of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) and 8-isoprostane that are known antioxidant enzymes and have been previously reported in MPEs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty lung cancer patients with cytological proof of MPE were enrolled in this study. The PF levels of DJ-1, SOD1, and 8-isoprostane were measured by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median PF levels of DJ-1 were 826 ng/mL (interquartile range, IQR: 482-1010 ng/mL). DJ-1 PF levels significantly correlated with PF Cu/Zn-SOD1 and PF 8-isoprostane levels (Spearman's rho, r; r = -0.476, P = 0.002 and r = -0.264, P = 0.033, respectively), PF lactate dehydrogenase (r = -0.497, P = 0.001) and total PF cell counts (r = -0.325, P = 0.041). Finally, in patients aged over 65 the PF DJ-1 levels were significantly higher than patients aged less than 65 (875 ng/mL vs. 607 ng/mL, respectively, P = 0.037).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first report to determine DJ-1's levels in MPEs due to lung cancer. The negative correlations between DJ-1, SOD1, and 8-isorpostane warrant further investigation regarding the altered redox regulation associated with MPEs.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vavougios
authors.forename: Theodora
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kerenidi
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsilioni
authors.forename: Sotirios G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Zarogiannis
authors.forename: Konstantinos I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Gourgoulianis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D019070:Cell Lineage; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071617:Protein Deglycase DJ-1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D015237:Dinoprost; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; C105131:PARK7 protein, human; D000071617:Protein Deglycase DJ-1
keywords: 8-Isoprostane; DJ-1; Malignant pleural effusion; Oxidative stress; SOD1