title: Validity of energy intake estimated by digital photography plus recall in overweight and obese young adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent reports have questioned the adequacy of self-report measures of dietary intake as the basis for scientific conclusions regarding the associations of dietary intake and health, and reports have recommended the development and evaluation of better methods for the assessment of dietary intake in free-living individuals. We developed a procedure that used pre- and post-meal digital photographs in combination with dietary recalls (DP+R) to assess energy intake during ad libitum eating in a cafeteria setting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare mean daily energy intake of overweight and obese young adults assessed by a DP+R method with mean total daily energy expenditure assessed by doubly labeled water (TDEE(DLW)).
  
  
  METHODS
  Energy intake was assessed using the DP+R method in 91 overweight and obese young adults (age = 22.9±3.2 years, body mass index [BMI; calculated as kg/m(2)]=31.2±5.6, female=49%) over 7 days of ad libitum eating in a university cafeteria. Foods consumed outside the cafeteria (ie, snacks, non-cafeteria meals) were assessed using multiple-pass recall procedures, using food models and standardized, neutral probing questions. TDEE(DLW) was assessed in all participants over the 14-day period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean energy intakes estimated by DP+R and TDEE(DLW) were not significantly different (DP+R=2912±661 kcal/d; TDEE(DLW)=2849±748 kcal/d, P=0.42). The DP+R method overestimated TDEE(DLW) by 63±750 kcal/d (6.8±28%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that the DP+R method provides estimates of energy intake comparable to those obtained by TDEE(DLW).
authors.forename: Lauren T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Ptomey
authors.forename: Erik A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.forename: Jeffery J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Honas
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mayo
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Washburn
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Debra K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Donnelly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015930:Diet Records; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005522:Food Services; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D011939:Mental Recall; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D050177:Overweight / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D010781:Photography; D057566:Self Report; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Diet intake; Digital photography; Doubly labeled water; Energy balance; Food records