title: Citrate metabolism in blood transfusions and its relationship due to metabolic alkalosis and respiratory acidosis.
abstract: Metabolic alkalosis commonly results from excessive hydrochloric acid (HCl), potassium (K(+)) and water (H2O) loss from the stomach or through the urine. The plasma anion gap increases in non-hypoproteinemic metabolic alkalosis due to an increased negative charge equivalent on albumin and the free ionized calcium (Ca(++)) content of plasma decreases. The mean citrate load in all patients was 8740±7027 mg from 6937±6603 mL of transfused blood products. The citrate load was significantly higher in patients with alkalosis (9164±4870 vs. 7809±3967, P < 0.05). The estimated mean total citrate administered via blood and blood products was calculated as 43.2±34.19 mg/kilogram/day. In non-massive and frequent blood transfusions, the elevated carbon dioxide output has been shown to occur. Due to citrate metabolism causes intracellular acidosis. As a result of intracellular acidosis compensation, decompensated metabolic alkalosis + respiratory acidosis and electrolyte imbalance may develop, blood transfusions may result in certain complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital Jining 272011, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital Jining 272011, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
keywords: Citrate metabolism; electrolyte imbalance; metabolic alkalosis; respiratory acidosis