title: Effectiveness of activated carbon and Egyptian montmorillonite in the protection against deoxynivalenol-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in rats.
abstract: This study was conducted to prepare and characterize activated carbon (AC) and to evaluate its protective effect against deoxynivalenol (DON) toxicity in rats compared to Egyptian montmorillonite (EM). AC was prepared using a single-step chemical activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The resulted AC has a high surface area and a high total pore volume. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 10) and treated for 3 weeks as follow: the control group, the groups fed AC or EM-supplemented diet (0.5% w/w), the group treated orally with DON (5 mg/kg b.w.) and the groups fed AC or EM-supplemented diet and treated with DON. Blood and liver samples were collected for different analyses. Treatment with DON increased liver function enzymes, lipid peroxidation, tumor necrosis factor α, DNA fragmentation, decreased hepatic glutathione content, up regulating mRNA Fas and TNF-α genes expression and increased micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and normochromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow. Co-treatment of DON plus AC or EM succeeded to normalize the levels of the biochemical parameters, reduced the cytotoxicity of bone marrow and ameliorated the hepatic genotoxicity. Moreover, AC was more effective than EM and has a high affinity to adsorb DON and to reduce its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: mosaad_abdelwahhab@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mosaad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abdel-Wahhab
authors.affiliation: Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El-Kady
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt; Biotechnology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Aziza M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Omaima M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Abd El-Moneim
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sekena H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Abdel-Aziem
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001546:Bentonite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004534:Egypt; D005525:Food-Processing Industry / Q000191:economics; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis / Q000191:economics; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009153:Mutagens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D065749:Phoeniceae / Q000737:chemistry; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity / Q000187:drug effects; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D002614:Chelating Agents; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009153:Mutagens; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D014255:Trichothecenes; D001546:Bentonite; D002244:Carbon; C030242:phosphoric acid; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: Activated carbon; Deoxynivalenol; Genotoxicity; Montmorillonite; Mycotoxins; Oxidative stress