title: Pulmonary arterial wall thickness in Eisenmenger Syndrome: Prospective, cross-sectional, controlled clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of current study is to investigate echocardiographic pulmonary artery wall thickness (PAWT) association with angiocardiography, echocardiography, and biochemical findings and to demonstrate its predictive role in morbidity of disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen patients with Eisenmenger Syndrome (ES) (13 females; a mean age of 12.0 ± 4.1 [min-max 4-17] years) and 24 (16 females; a mean age of 12.1 ± 4.3 [min-max 3-18 years]) healthy subjects as a control group were included in this prospective, cross-sectional, controlled clinical study between December, 2012 and December, 2013. PAWT were measured at the end of systole at the distal site of pulmonary valves at the parasternal short-axis. PAWT was compared with morbidity criteria of the disease such as functional class, pulmonary vascular resistance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAWT was higher in the patient group (P = 0.005) together with pulmonary arterial diameter (Z-score, P < 0.001), vena cava inferior diameter (P = 0.002), and right ventricular wall thickness (RVWT), while TAPSE was significantly lower (P = 0.002). PAWT was strongly positively correlated to RVWT (r = 0.893, P < 0.001) and moderate negatively correlated to TAPSE (r = 0.597; P < 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PAWT can be used as an additional parameter with other echocardiographic parameters in the follow-up of Eisenmenger Syndrome in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nazmi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Narin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozyurt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sunkak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baykan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Argun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozge
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pamukcu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kazim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uzum
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D004541:Eisenmenger Complex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D066253:Vascular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: Eisenmenger Syndrome; children; echocardiography; pulmonary artery; pulmonary hypertension; pulmonary vascular disorders; wall thickness