title: Antioxidant Capacities and Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Three Endemic Nolana Species by HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS.
abstract: The antioxidant features, polyphenolic composition and chromatographic fingerprints of the aerial parts from three Chilean endemic plants from the Paposo Valley located on the cost of the Atacama Desert were investigated for the first time using high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector and electrospray ionization mass analysis (HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS) and spectroscopic methods. The phenolic fingerprints obtained for the plants were compared and correlated with the antioxidant capacities measured by the bleaching of the DPPH radical, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and quantification of the total content of phenolics and flavonoids measured by spectroscopic methods. Thirty phenolics were identified for the first time for these species, mostly phenolic acids, flavanones, flavonols and some of their glycoside derivatives, together with three saturated fatty acids (stearic, palmitic and arachidic acids). Nolana ramosissima showed the highest antioxidant activity (26.35 ± 1.02 μg/mL, 116.07 ± 3.42 μM Trolox equivalents/g dry weight and 81.23% ± 3.77% of inhibition in the DPPH, FRAP and scavenging activity (SA) assays, respectively), followed by  N. aplocaryoides (85.19 ± 1.64 μg/mL, 65.87 ± 2.33 μM TE/g DW and 53.27% ± 3.07%) and N. leptophylla (124.71 ± 3.01, 44.23 ± 5.18 μM TE/g DW and 38.63% ± 1.85%).
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile. mario.simirgiotis@uantof.cl.
authors.forename: Mario J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Simirgiotis
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile. juliob@unap.cl.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benites
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800024, Chile. areche@uchile.cl.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Areche
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile. bsepulveda@uc.cl.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sepúlveda
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002677:Chile; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D019657:Solanaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C017616:phenolic acid
keywords: Atacama Desert; Chilean plants; HPLC-MS; Nolana; Paposo Valley; antioxidant capacity; phenolics