title: Prevalence of and risk factors for late diagnosis of HIV infection in Brazilian infants and children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Late human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis is an important cause of HIV-related morbidity and mortality in infants and children.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective cohort study of HIV-infected children diagnosed in Sergipe, in northeastern Brazil, between 2002 and 2011 aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for late HIV diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 55 infants and children with confirmed infection, 42 (76.5%) were diagnosed at ≥ 12 months old. No antiretroviral prophylaxis during delivery (OR 5.48, 95% CI 1.11-32.34) was associated with late diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than 75% of cases were diagnosed late. Efforts are needed to improve early HIV diagnosis in infants.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lígia Mara Dolce
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de Lemos
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Global Health Sciences,, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anglemyer
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Victor Santana
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Queiroz
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Gurgel
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Global Health Sciences,, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: George Williams
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Rutherford
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male