title: Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis in NOD.H-2h4 Mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the suppressive effect of selenium (Se) treatment on serum thyroid-specific antibody titers in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), but the mechanism underlying this process is not clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of selenium on the incidence and severity of AIT, titers of thyroid autoantibodies, and selenoprotein expression in thyroid in a spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) model.
  
  
  METHODS
  NOD.H-2(h4) mice at four weeks of age were randomly divided into control, iodine supplement (SAT), and selenium supplement groups (SAT+Se). Mice were given 0.005% sodium iodide water for eight weeks to induce SAT and then 0.3 mg/L sodium selenite in drinking water for 8 weeks and 16 weeks. The severity of lymphocytic infiltration in the thyroid, serum thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) titers, serum selenium concentration, expression of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1), thioredoxin reductase-1 (Txnrd1), and peroxiredoxin 5 were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum selenium concentration significantly increased after selenium supplementation. Serum TgAb levels were significantly lower in the selenium group compared with the SAT group (p<0.05). The prevalence of thyroiditis and the degree of infiltration of lymphocytes decreased gradually over time in the group provided with selenium supplementation. The expression of GPx1 and Txnrd1 by Western blotting were found to be significantly higher in the SAT+Se group than in other groups (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that selenium treatment can increase the function of antioxidation by upregulating the expression of selenoproteins in the thyroid and have an inhibitory effect on TgAb titers, which may have an impact on AIT.
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .|2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .|2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Yushu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Chenling
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .|2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Zhongyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: 1 The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases , Shenyang, P.R. China .|2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D012643:Selenium / Q000097:blood; D012974:Sodium Iodide; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054481:Thioredoxin Reductase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D013954:Thyroglobulin / Q000276:immunology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000276:immunology; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D013954:Thyroglobulin; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D054481:Thioredoxin Reductase 1; D012974:Sodium Iodide; D012643:Selenium; D018038:Sodium Selenite; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1; C000722068:Gpx1 protein, mouse