title: Cultural adaptation and validation of the Chinese version of the Fatigue Severity Scale in patients with major depressive disorder and nondepressive people.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of the study were to adapt the Fatigue Severity Scale to Chinese conditions and assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and nondepressive people.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 101 patients with MDD and 94 nondepressive persons were included in this study. A forward and backward translation procedure was performed for developing a culturally acceptable Chinese version of the Fatigue Severity Scale (CFSS). Validity was assessed according to construct validity, internal consistency, concurrent validity, divergent validity, and contrasted-group validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CFSS exhibited a one-factor structure in patients with MDD and the nondepressive participants. A 7-item version of CFSS and an 8-item version of the CFSS demonstrated better model fit than the original 9-item version in the patients with MDD and the nondepressive participants, respectively. In both participant groups, internal consistency values were within acceptable ranges. In addition, concurrent validity and divergent validity were confirmed in both groups. The average CFSS score of patients with MDD was significantly higher than that of the nondepressive participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 9-item CFSS is a valid instrument for assessing fatigue-related impairment in Chinese-speaking patients with MDD. However, the two reduced-item CFSS versions showed better psychometric properties than the original version in the patients with MDD and the nondepressive participants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Yeh
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.|Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Chao
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Huan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Sleep Science Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. ptsai@tmu.edu.tw.|Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, 250 Wu Hsing St., Taipei, 110, Taiwan. ptsai@tmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Pei-Shan
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005221:Fatigue / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Depression; Fatigue; Psychometric evaluation; Validity