title: Treatment of textile wastewater by submerged membrane bioreactor: In vitro bioassays for the assessment of stress response elicited by raw and reclaimed wastewater.
abstract: The performance of a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) system for the treatment of textile wastewater was investigated. The MBR was continuously operated for 7 months. Very high treatment efficiencies were achieved (color, 100%; chemical oxygen demand (COD), 98%; biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 96%; suspended solids (SS), 100%). Furthermore, the MBR treatment efficiency was analyzed from a toxicological-risk assessment point of view, via different In vitro bioassays using Caco-2 cells, a widely used cell model in toxicological studies. Results showed that MBR treatment significantly reduced the raw textile wastewater (RTWW) cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells by 53% for a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 days. Additionally, the RTWW-induced disruption in the barrier function (BF) of the Caco-2 cell monolayer was also significantly reduced after MBR treatment under a HRT of 2 days (no disruption of BF was observed). Moreover, the effect of RTWW and treated wastewater on stress response was investigated using different stress genes: AHSA1, HSPD1, HSPA1A, HSPA5 and HSPA8. The cell exposure to RTWW significantly increased the expression of all used stress genes; interestingly, the treated wastewater (HRT 2 days) did not show any significant modulation of the stress genes.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, AUF Regional Excellence Pole (AUF-PER-LBP), Sfax Biotechnology Centre, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Inès
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Friha
authors.affiliation: Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bradai
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering at Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering at Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nidal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hilal
authors.affiliation: Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, AUF Regional Excellence Pole (AUF-PER-LBP), Sfax Biotechnology Centre, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Slim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loukil
authors.affiliation: Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, AUF Regional Excellence Pole (AUF-PER-LBP), Sfax Biotechnology Centre, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ben Amor
authors.affiliation: Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, AUF Regional Excellence Pole (AUF-PER-LBP), Sfax Biotechnology Centre, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Firas
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Feki
authors.affiliation: Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Junkuy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isoda
authors.affiliation: Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, AUF Regional Excellence Pole (AUF-PER-LBP), Sfax Biotechnology Centre, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. Electronic address: sami.sayadi@cbs.rnrt.tn.
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sayadi
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006801:Humans; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007221:Industry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D013784:Textiles; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater
chemical_list: D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D062065:Wastewater; C000717247:HSPA5 protein, human
keywords: Caco-2 cells; In vitro bioassays; Membrane bioreactor; Stress response; Wastewater treatment