title: Detecting Migraine in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Using Three Different Headache Measures.
abstract: Posttraumatic migraine may represent an important subtype of headache among the traumatic brain injury (TBI) population and is associated with increased recovery times. However, it is underdiagnosed in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This study examined the effectiveness of the self-administered Nine-Item Screener (Nine-Item Screener-SA), the Headache Impact Test- 6 (HIT-6), the 3-Item Migraine Screener, and the Rivermead Post-Concussion Questionnaire (RPQ) at discriminating between mTBI patients with (n = 23) and without (n = 20) migraines. The Nine-Item Screener demonstrated significant differences between migraine patients with and without migraine on nearly every question, especially on Question 9 (disability), sensitivity: 0.95 and specificity: 0.65 (95% CI, 0.64-0.90). The HIT-6 demonstrated significant differences between migraine and no-migraine patients on disability and pain severity, with disability having a sensitivity of 0.70 and specificity of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.54-0.83). Only Question 3 of the 3-Item ID Migraine Screener (photosensitivity) showed significant differences between migraine and no-migraine patients, sensitivity: 0.84 and specificity: 0.55 (CI, 0.52-0.82). The RPQ did not reveal greater symptoms in migraine patients compared with those without. Among headache measures, the Nine-Item Screener-SA best differentiated between mTBI patients with and without migraine. Disability may best identify migraine sufferers among the TBI population.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, CP 6128, Succursale Centre Ville, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7.
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tinawi
authors.affiliation: Social and Preventive Medicine Department, University of Montreal, 7101 Avenue du Parc, Montreal, QC, Canada H3N 1X7.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4986-2504
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamoureux
authors.affiliation: Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2992-1666
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feyz
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, CP 6128, Succursale Centre Ville, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7 ; Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Guise
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires