title: Optimal management of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence.
abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder of reproduction and metabolism, which emerges at puberty, and is characterised by a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms of hyperandrogenism, anovulation, hyperinsulinaemia and associated comorbidities. Unlike adult PCOS, there are no agreed-upon diagnostic criteria for adolescent PCOS, but hyperandrogenaemia remains the sine qua non for its diagnosis. Many adolescent girls with PCOS are overweight/obese, and have a heightened risk for comorbidities such as dysglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, fatty liver disease, sleep apnoea and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is essential for implementation of appropriate treatment and management. Available treatments include lifestyle modifications, hormonal contraceptives and insulin sensitisers. However, there are limited data on the best treatment modalities in adolescents. The objective of this review is to describe the clinical manifestations of PCOS in adolescents and the appropriate diagnostic work-up. The optimal treatment modalities based on a review of the available adult and adolescent literature will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hecht Baldauff
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Division of Weight Management and Wellness, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Silva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arslanian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006628:Hirsutism / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008019:Life Style; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008687:Metformin
keywords: Adolescent Health; Endocrinology; Metabolic; Obesity