title: Nano forsterite biocomposites for medical applications: Mechanical properties and bioactivity.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to obtain and to investigate nano forsterite and nano forsterite biocomposites for biomedical application. New self-curing forsterite biocomposites were obtained by mixing nano forsterite powder (5, 15, 30, 50, 70 wt %) with 2,2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy)-phenyl]propane (bis-GMA) and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) monomers. The new nano forsterite biocomposites were investigated for mechanical properties: compressive strength (CS) (143-147.12 MPa), compressive modulus (CM) (1.67-2.75 GPa), diametral tensile strength (DTS) (27.33-31.55 MPa), flexural strength (FS) (59.47-83.20 MPa) and flexural modulus (FM) (2.05-8.60 GPa). Increases of CS, DTS, FS with increasing amount of forsterite were observed up to 50 wt %. The highest CM and FM values were registered for 70 wt % and a direct correlation between the forsterite volume fraction (%) was observed. SEM micrographs revealed the morphology of surface of fractured biocomposites after CS test. XPS indicated that these biocomposites promoted the hydroxyapatite formation on their surface immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). AFM images showed that the growth of the hydroxyapatite layer occurs with a preferred orientation on the surface of forsterite biocomposites after immersion in SBF. Incorporation of nano forsterite in the polymer matrix (bis-GMA/TEGDMA) did show osteoblast adhesion and proliferation was improved on nano forsterite biocomposites. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1290-1301, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Raluca Ripan Institute of Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. gfurtos@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Furtos
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Marieta-Adriana
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Naghiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tissue Engineering Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Declercq
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorea
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Raluca Ripan Institute of Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prejmerean
authors.affiliation: Physics of Nanostructured Systems Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Ovidiu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pana
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomoaia-Cotisel
mesh_terms: D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D019245:Compressive Strength; D017886:Durapatite / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D017655:Silicon Compounds; C503823:forsterite; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: biocomposites materials; biomaterials; mechanical properties; nano forsterite; polymers