title: Analysis of nutritional habits and intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids in veterans with peripheral arterial disease.
abstract: Inadequate nutrient intake may contribute to the development and progression of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This study's aim was to assess intake of essential fatty acids and nutrients among veterans with PAD. All 88 subjects had ankle-brachial indices of <0.9 and claudication. A validated food frequency questionnaire evaluated dietary intake, and values were compared to guidelines established by the American Heart Association (AHA) and American College of Cardiology (ACC), as well as the AHA/ACC endorsed Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan. The mean age was 69 ± 8 years. Compared to the AHA/ACC guidelines, subjects with PAD had an inadequate intake of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA; 59% consumed >1 gram daily). Our subjects with PAD had an increased intake of cholesterol (31% met the cut-off established in the DASH plan), total fat (5%) and sodium (53%). They had an inadequate intake of magnesium (3%), calcium (5%), and soluble fiber (3%). Dietary potassium intake met the recommended guidelines. In our subjects with PAD, intake of critical nutrients deviated substantially from the recommended amounts. Further prospective studies should evaluate whether PAD patients experience clinical benefit if diets are modified to meet the AHA/ACC recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA VIPERx Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Emily V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Nosova
authors.affiliation: VIPERx Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bartel
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA VIPERx Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Karen C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA VIPERx Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Hugh F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Alley
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA VIPERx Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA VIPERx Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA marlene.grenon@ucsfmedctr.org.
authors.forename: S Marlene
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Grenon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index / Q000379:methods; D004032:Diet; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014728:Veterans
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
keywords: DASH diet; PUFA; nutrition; peripheral arterial disease; polyunsaturated fatty acids; questionnaires