title: Safety and efficacy of canagliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: post hoc subgroup analyses according to body mass index in a 52-week open-label study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The safety and efficacy of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in non-obese compared with obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted post hoc analyses of the results of a 52-week open-label study of Japanese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with 100 or 200 mg canagliflozin. Patients were divided into four subgroups according to their baseline body mass index (BMI): group I, BMI < 22 kg/m(2); group II, BMI ≥ 22 to < 25 kg/m(2); group III, BMI ≥ 25 to < 30 kg/m(2) and group IV, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall safety was similar among the four BMI subgroups, although there were slight differences in terms of the incidences of hypoglycemia, asymptomatic hypoglycemia, female genital infections and proportions of patients with total ketone body levels exceeding 1000 μmol/l at any time for both canagliflozin doses. Hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose and body weight decreased significantly from baseline to week 52 at both canagliflozin doses. The changes in hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose were not significantly different among the four BMI subgroups for either dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Canagliflozin was tolerated in patients irrespective of their BMI at the start of treatment, although some caution may be needed.
authors.affiliation: Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition , Kyoto , Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inagaki
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goda
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iijima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D000068896:Canagliflozin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000068896:Canagliflozin; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
keywords: Japanese; body mass index; canagliflozin; safety; type 2 diabetes mellitus