title: Estimating minimally important difference (MID) in PROMIS pediatric measures using the scale-judgment method.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess minimally important differences (MIDs) for several pediatric self-report item banks from the National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System(®) (PROMIS(®)).
  
  
  METHODS
  We presented vignettes comprising sets of two completed PROMIS questionnaires and asked judges to declare whether the individual completing those questionnaires had an important change or not. We enrolled judges (including adolescents, parents, and clinicians) who responded to 24 vignettes (six for each domain of depression, pain interference, fatigue, and mobility). We used item response theory to model responses to the vignettes across different judges and estimated MID as the point at which 50 % of the judges would declare an important change.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We enrolled 246 judges (78 adolescents, 85 parents, and 83 clinicians). The MID estimated with clinician data was about 2 points on the PROMIS T-score scale, and the MID estimated with adolescent and parent data was about 3 points on that same scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MIDs enhance the value of PROMIS pediatric measures in clinical research studies to identify meaningful changes in health status over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 358 Davie Hall, CB #3270, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. dthissen@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thissen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 358 Davie Hall, CB #3270, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. liuy0811@live.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 358 Davie Hall, CB #3270, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. brooke.magnus@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Brooke
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Magnus
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 358 Davie Hall, CB #3270, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. hallyq@live.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Hally
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. dgipson@med.umich.edu.
authors.forename: Debbie S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Gipson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Emory University College of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. cdampie@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Carlton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dampier
authors.affiliation: Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. i-chan.huang@stjude.org.|Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. i-chan.huang@stjude.org.
authors.forename: I-Chan
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA. PSHinds@childrensnational.org.|The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. PSHinds@childrensnational.org.
authors.forename: Pamela S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Hinds
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. dselewsk@med.umich.edu.
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Selewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. bbreeve@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Bryce B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Reeve
authors.affiliation: Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. hgross@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Heather E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.affiliation: Division of General Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. dewaltd@med.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Darren A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: DeWalt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000523:psychology*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents; D010372:Pediatrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States
keywords: Item response theory; Minimally important difference; PROMIS; Patient-reported outcomes; Pediatrics; Self-report