title: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome revealing a cervical bronchogenic cyst: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bronchogenic cyst is a congenital malformation, rarely located in the cervical region and almost never involved in a neonate with acute respiratory distress in the delivery room.
  
  
  METHODS
  A female newborn with respiratory distress syndrome caused by a large left cervical mass. Intubation was difficult due to tracheal deviation. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a left cervical cyst displacing the trachea and esophagus laterally. Surgical excision was performed via a cervical approach on the 5th day, and pathological examination revealed a bronchogenic cyst. The patient's course was complicated by left vocal cord paralysis and necrotic lesions in the glottic and subglottic regions; she required a tracheostomy on the 13th day. Inflammatory stenosis in the subglottic region required balloon dilation once, 20 days later. Proximal esophageal stenosis induced transient upper airway obstruction with salivary stasis. Decannulation was performed at 2 months and the patient was discharged 10 days later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A bronchogenic cyst can exceptionally obstruct the airways in the neonatal period. Surgical excision is necessary, but postoperative complications may occur if the cyst is in close contact with the trachea and esophagus, including necrotic and stenotic lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract. In those situations, tracheostomy may be necessary for mechanical ventilation weaning and the initiation of oral feeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. p-thaller@chu-montpellier.fr.
authors.forename: Penelope
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thaller
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. c-blanchet@chu-montpellier.fr.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blanchet
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. m-badr@chu-montpellier.fr.
authors.forename: Maliha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Badr
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. r-mesnage@chu-montpellier.fr.
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mesnage
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, CHU Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France. n-leboucq@chu-montpellier.fr.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leboucq
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. m-mondain@chu-montpellier.fr.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mondain
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. g-cambonie@chu-montpellier.fr.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cambonie
mesh_terms: D001994:Bronchogenic Cyst / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*