title: Capping in situ with activated carbon in Trondheim harbor (Norway) reduces bioaccumulation of PCBs and PAHs in marine sediment fauna.
abstract: Three types of thin-layer caps with activated carbon (AC) were tested in situ in experimental plots (10 × 10 m) in Trondheim harbor, Norway, using AC + clay, AC-only or AC + sand. One year after capping, intact sediment cores were collected from the amended plots for ex situ surveys of the capping efficiency in reducing the PAH and PCB aqueous concentrations and bioaccumulation by the polychaete Hediste diversicolor and the clam Abra nitida. Reduced pore water concentrations were observed in all AC treatments. The capping efficiency was in general AC + clay > AC-only > AC + sand. AC + clay reduced bioaccumulation of PAH and PCB congeners between 40% and 87% in the worms and between 67% and 97% in the clams. Sediment capped with AC-only also led to reduced bioaccumulation of PCBs, while AC + sand showed no reduction in bioaccumulation. Thus the best thin-layer capping method in this study was AC mixed with clay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: goran@systemsecology.se.
authors.forename: Göran S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Samuelsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jenny E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hedman
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), P.O. Box 3930 Ullevål Stadium, N-0806 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elmquist Kruså
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jonas S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gunnarsson
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), P.O. Box 3930 Ullevål Stadium, N-0806 Oslo, Norway; Institute for Environmental Science (IMV), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1432 Ås, Norway; Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cornelissen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D009664:Norway; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism*; D012621:Seasons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002606:Charcoal; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Bioaccumulation; Bioavailability; Contaminant sequestration; Contaminated sediment; Hediste (Nereis) diversicolor (Polychaeta) and Abra nitida (Mollusca); Overlying water; Pore water; Sediment remediation; Thin-layer capping