title: Phytotoxic Mechanism of Nanoparticles: Destruction of Chloroplasts and Vascular Bundles and Alteration of Nutrient Absorption.
abstract: This study focused on determining the phytotoxic mechanism of CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs): destroying chloroplasts and vascular bundles and altering absorption of nutrients on conventional and Bt-transgenic cottons. Experiments were designed with three concentrations of CeO2 NPs including: 0, 100 and 500 mg·L(-1), and each treatment was three replications. Results indicate that absorbed CeO2 nanoparticles significantly reduced the Zn, Mg, Fe, and P levels in xylem sap compared with the control group and decreased indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations in the roots of conventional cotton. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that CeO2 NPs were absorbed into the roots and subsequently transported to the stems and leaves of both conventional and Bt-transgenic cotton plants via xylem sap. In addition, the majority of aggregated CeO2 NPs were attached to the external surface of chloroplasts, which were swollen and ruptured, especially in Bt-transgenic cotton. The vascular bundles were destroyed by CeO2 nanoparticles, and more damage was observed in transgenic cotton than conventional cotton.
authors.affiliation: 1] College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China [2] Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1, Tu Son, Bac Ninh 222260, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Le Van
authors.initials: le V
authors.lastname: Nhan
authors.affiliation: Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
authors.forename: Chuanxin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: 1] College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China [2] Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
authors.forename: Yukui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rui
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Shutong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Xuguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
authors.forename: Baoshan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002563:Cerium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003368:Gossypium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D052584:Xylem / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D010758:Phosphorus; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide; C030737:indoleacetic acid; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D007501:Iron; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc