title: Beta-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, nitrate-hydralazine, diuretics, aldosterone antagonist, ivabradine, devices and digoxin (BANDAID(2) ): an evidence-based mnemonic for the treatment of systolic heart failure.
abstract: Heart failure causes significant morbidity and mortality, with recognised underutilisation rates of guideline-based therapies. Our aim was to review current evidence for heart failure treatments and derive a mnemonic summarising best practice, which might assist physicians in patient care. Treatments were identified for review from multinational society guidelines and recent randomised trials, with a primary aim of examining their effects in systolic heart failure patients on mortality, hospitalisation rates and symptoms. Secondary aims were to consider other clinical benefits. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched using a structured keyword strategy and the retrieved articles were evaluated methodically to produce an optimised reference list for each treatment. We devised the mnemonic BANDAID (2) , standing for beta-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, nitrate-hydralazine (or potentially neprilysin inhibitor), diuretics, aldosterone antagonist, ivabradine, devices (automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator, cardiac resynchronisation therapy or both) and digoxin as a representation of treatments with strong evidence for their use in systolic heart failure. Treatment with omega-3 fatty acids, statins or anti-thrombotic therapies has limited benefits in a general heart failure population. Adoption of this mnemonic for current evidence-based treatments for heart failure may help improve prescribing rates and patient outcomes in this debilitating, high mortality condition.
authors.affiliation: NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.affiliation: NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fulcher
authors.affiliation: NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keech
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000517:prevention & control; D058406:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; D002309:Cardiology / Q000379:methods*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000517:prevention & control; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D054143:Heart Failure, Systolic / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
keywords: evidence-based medicine; heart failure; pharmacotherapy; prevention; review; treatment