title: Towards plant protein refinery: Review on protein extraction using alkali and potential enzymatic assistance.
abstract: The globally increasing protein demands require additional resources to those currently available. Furthermore, the optimal usage of protein fractions from both traditional and new protein resources, such as algae and leaves, is essential. Here, we present an overview on alkaline plant protein extraction including the potentials of enzyme addition in the form of proteases and/or carbohydrolases. Strategic biomass selection, combined with the appropriate process conditions can increase protein yields after extraction. Enzyme addition, especially of proteases, can be useful when alkaline protein extraction yields are low. These additions can also be used to enable processing at a pH closer to 7 to avoid the otherwise severe conditions that denature proteins. Finally, a protein biorefinery concept is presented that aims to upcycle residual biomass by separating essential amino acids to be used for food and feed, and non-essential amino acids for production of bulk chemicals.
authors.affiliation: Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|Biophysics Division, Department of Physics, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Yessie W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.affiliation: Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wilhelmus J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.affiliation: Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.|Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan P M
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.affiliation: Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Marieke.Bruins@wur.nl.|Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Marieke.Bruins@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Marieke E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bruins
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
keywords: Alkaline protein extraction; Amino acid separation; Leaves; Oilseeds; Protease