title: Bean Common Mosaic Virus and Bean Common Mosaic Necrosis Virus: Relationships, Biology, and Prospects for Control.
abstract: The closely related potyviruses Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) are major constraints on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production. Crop losses caused by BCMV and BCMNV impact severely not only on commercial scale cultivation of this high-value crop but also on production by smallholder farmers in the developing world, where bean serves as a key source of dietary protein and mineral nutrition. In many parts of the world, progress has been made in combating BCMV through breeding bean varieties possessing the I gene, a dominant gene conferring resistance to most BCMV strains. However, in Africa, and in particular in Central and East Africa, BCMNV is endemic and this presents a serious problem for deployment of the I gene because this virus triggers systemic necrosis (black root disease) in plants possessing this resistance gene. Information on these two important viruses is scattered throughout the literature from 1917 onward, and although reviews on resistance to BCMV and BCMNV exist, there is currently no comprehensive review on the biology and taxonomy of BCMV and BCMNV. In this chapter, we discuss the current state of our knowledge of these two potyviruses including fundamental aspects of classification and phylogeny, molecular biology, host interactions, transmission through seed and by aphid vectors, geographic distribution, as well as current and future prospects for the control of these important viruses.
authors.affiliation: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Worrall
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Francis O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Wamonje
authors.affiliation: Biosciences eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub, Nairobi, Kenya; Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, Kigali, Rwanda.
authors.forename: Gerardine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mukeshimana
authors.affiliation: Biosciences eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub, Nairobi, Kenya; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Jagger J W
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Electronic address: jpc1005@hermes.cam.ac.uk.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.affiliation: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: n.mitter@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Neena
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mitter
mesh_terms: D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D017800:Potyvirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: Crop; Disease control; Food security; International development; Pathogen; Resistance gene; Viral gene expression; Virus evolution; Virus taxonomy