title: Effects of 72hours total sleep deprivation on male astronauts' executive functions and emotion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To provide evidence for better understanding stressful situations, the present study was designed to investigate the specific physiological and psychological responses under stressful situations like social isolation and sleep deprivation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve healthy male adults (age: 18-30years old) who participated in our study were randomized to the 72hours of social isolation and 72hours of sleep deprivation experimental conditions. Performances (event-related potentials and physiological activities) on the Go/Nogo task which reflected the executive functions were accessed at baseline (pretest) and after 72-hour of the experiment (posttest).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that compared to the social isolation, the participants got strengthened heart rate (HR), weakened HR variability and smaller amplitude of the P300 under the sleep deprivation condition; moreover, they had lower positive emotion and higher negative mood in the posttest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicated that sleep deprivation specifically influenced the intensity of task-relevant information processing, mood and vagal tone.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab of Applied Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Research Center of Emotion Regulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: lq19881221@126.com.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab of Applied Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Research Center of Emotion Regulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and International Data Group (IDG)/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: rlzhou@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Renlai
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab of Applied Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Research Center of Emotion Regulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: 455100432@qq.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Behavior Rehabilitation Training Research Institution, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China. Electronic address: 344929344@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018480:Astronauts / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000502:physiology; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D012934:Social Isolation / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult