title: Neuroscience education in addition to trigger point dry needling for the management of patients with mechanical chronic low back pain: A preliminary clinical trial.
abstract: The objective of the current study was to determine the short-term effects of trigger point dry needling (TrP-DN) alone or combined with neuroscience education on pain, disability, kinesiophobia and widespread pressure sensitivity in patients with mechanical low back pain (LBP). Twelve patients with LBP were randomly assigned to receive either TrP-DN (TrP-DN) or TrP-DN plus neuroscience education (TrP-DN + EDU). Pain intensity (Numerical Pain Rating Scale, 0-10), disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire-RMQ-, Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index-ODI), kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-TSK), and pressure pain thresholds (PPT) over the C5-C6 zygapophyseal joint, transverse process of L3 vertebra, second metacarpal, and tibialis anterior muscle were collected at baseline and 1-week after the intervention. Patients treated with TrP-DN + EDU experienced a significantly greater reduction of kinesiophobia (P = 0.008) and greater increases in PPT over the transverse process of L3 (P = 0.049) than those patients treated only with TrP-DN. Both groups experienced similar decreases in pain, ODI and RMQ, and similar increases in PPT over the C5/C6 joint, second metacarpal, and tibialis anterior after the intervention (all, P > 0.05). The results suggest that TrP-DN was effective for improving pain, disability, kinesiophobia and widespread pressure sensitivity in patients with mechanical LBP at short-term. The inclusion of a neuroscience educational program resulted in a greater improvement in kinesiophobia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Téllez-García
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Esthesiology Laboratory, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Cátedra de Investigación y Docencia en Fisioterapia, Terapia Manual y Punción Seca, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: de-la-Llave-Rincón
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Esthesiology Laboratory, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Cátedra de Investigación y Docencia en Fisioterapia, Terapia Manual y Punción Seca, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salom-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Esthesiology Laboratory, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Cátedra de Investigación y Docencia en Fisioterapia, Terapia Manual y Punción Seca, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palacios-Ceña
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Esthesiology Laboratory, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Cátedra de Investigación y Docencia en Fisioterapia, Terapia Manual y Punción Seca, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ortega-Santiago
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Esthesiology Laboratory, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Cátedra de Investigación y Docencia en Fisioterapia, Terapia Manual y Punción Seca, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: cesar.fernandez@urjc.es.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández-de-Las-Peñas
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000328:Adult; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D061028:Trigger Points
keywords: Dry needling; Education; Low back; Myofascial pain; Spine