title: Distribution of Anopheles culicifacies and Detection of its Sibling Species E from Madhya Pradesh: Central India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anopheles culicifacies is an important vector of malaria in Southeast Asia, contributing to almost 70% of malaria cases in India. It exists as a complex of five morphologically indistinguishable species A, B, C, D and E with varied geographical distribution patterns. In India, 8% of the total population of Madhya Pradesh (Central India) contributes about 30% of total malaria cases, 60% of total falciparum cases and 50% of malaria deaths. An. culicifacies is the major malaria vector in this state. Vector control mainly relies on the proper identification and distribution of vector species exists in a particular area. The present study was carried out to identify the distribution of An. culicifacies sibling species in certain endemic district of Central India, Madhya Pradesh.
  
  
  METHODS
  The An. culicifacies mosquitoes collected from the study districts were identified morphologically. The genomic DNA was isolated from the mosquitoes and subjected to Allele specific PCR targeting D3 domain of 28S ribosomal DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean prevalence of An. culicifacies during the study period was in the range of 8-120 per man per hour (PMH). From the study areas species B was identified from Jabalpur, Chindwara and Hoshangabad, Species C from Hoshangabad only, Species D from Narsinghpur and Khandwa and sibling species E from Mandla, Chindwara and Hoshangabad respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report to detect species E from Madhya Pradesh region which necessitate for reconsideration of species distribution of each An. culicifacies sibling species that would enable to develop required vector control strategies.
authors.affiliation: Vector Management Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ajay Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Vector Management Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sompal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Defence Research Laboratory, Assam, India.
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veer
authors.affiliation: School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Om Prakash
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Vector Management Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Devanathan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sukumaran
keywords: AS-PCR; Anopheles culicifacies; Madhya Pradesh; Malaria; Sibling species