title: The functional and structural changes in the basilar artery due to overpressure blast injury.
abstract: Overpressure blast-wave induced brain injury (OBI) leads to progressive pathophysiologic changes resulting in a reduction in brain blood flow, blood brain barrier breakdown, edema, and cerebral ischemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate cerebral vascular function after single and repeated OBI. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: Control (Naive), single OBI (30 psi peak pressure, 1 to 2 msec duration), and repeated (days 1, 4, and 7) OBI (r-OBI). Rats were killed 24 hours after injury and the basilar artery was isolated, cannulated, and pressurized (90 cm H2O). Vascular responses to potassium chloride (KCl) (30 to 100 mmol/L), endothelin-1 (10(-12) to 10(-7) mol/L), acetylcholine (ACh) (10(-10) to 10(-4) mol/L) and diethylamine-NONO-ate (DEA-NONO-ate) (10(-10) to 10(-4) mol/L) were evaluated. The OBI resulted in an increase in the contractile responses to endothelin and a decrease in the relaxant responses to ACh in both single and r-OBI groups. However, impaired DEA-NONO-ate-induced vasodilation and increased wall thickness to lumen ratio were observed only in the r-OBI group. The endothelin-1 type A (ET(A)) receptor and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunoreactivity were significantly enhanced by OBI. These findings indicate that both single and r-OBI impairs cerebral vascular endothelium-dependent dilation, potentially a consequence of endothelial dysfunction and/or vascular remodelling in basilar arteries after OBI.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Malcolm Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA.|Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Hale Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Toklu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muller-Delp
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarker Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.|School of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Şehkar
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Oktay
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Malcolm Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA.|Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakarya
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarker Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Science, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Payal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Science, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Delp
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Scarpace
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarker Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin K W
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Malcolm Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA.|Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Nihal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tümer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001488:Basilar Artery / Q000473:pathology*; D001753:Blast Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011312:Pressure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat