title: Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury by Increased 64Cu Uptake on 64CuCl2 PET/CT.
abstract: Copper is a nutritional trace element required for cell proliferation and wound repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  To explore increased copper uptake as a biomarker for noninvasive assessment of traumatic brain injury (TBI), experimental TBI in C57BL/6 mice was induced by controlled cortical impact, and (64)Cu uptake in the injured cortex was assessed with (64)CuCl2 PET/CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 24 h after intravenous injection of the tracer, uptake was significantly higher in the injured cortex of TBI mice (1.15 ± 0.53 percentage injected dose per gram of tissue [%ID/g]) than in the uninjured cortex of mice without TBI (0.53 ± 0.07 %ID/g, P = 0.027) or the cortex of mice that received an intracortical injection of zymosan A (0.62 ± 0.22 %ID/g, P = 0.025). Furthermore, uptake in the traumatized cortex of untreated TBI mice (1.15 ± 0.53 %ID/g) did not significantly differ from that in minocycline-treated TBI mice (0.93 ± 0.30 %ID/g, P = 0.33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the data suggest that increased (64)Cu uptake in traumatized brain tissues holds potential as a new biomarker for noninvasive assessment of TBI with (64)CuCl2 PET/CT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas fangyu.peng@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Fangyu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Muzik
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gatson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; and.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kernie
authors.affiliation: Center for Neurosciences and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Diaz-Arrastia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003301:Copper Radioisotopes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008911:Minocycline / Q000737:chemistry; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003301:Copper Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D008911:Minocycline
keywords: 64Cu-chloride; copper metabolism; neuroimaging; positron emission tomography; traumatic brain injury