title: Five-Year Outcome in Stroke Patients Submitted to Thrombolysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known on long-term follow-up after thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients because the majority of studies evaluated outcome at 3 to 12 months. We aimed to assess 5-year outcome after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study based on the prospective registry of all consecutive ischemic stroke patients submitted to IVT in our Stroke Unit. Five-year outcome, including living settings, functional outcome, stroke recurrence, and mortality, was ascertained by telephonic interviews and additional review of clinical records. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors of outcome and mortality. Excellent outcome was defined as modified Rankin scale 0 to 1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five-year outcome was available for 155/164 patients submitted to IVT. At 5 years, 32.9% of patients had an excellent outcome (95% confidence interval (CI) =25.5-43.3) and mortality was 43.9% (95%CI=36.1-51.7). Increasing age (odds ratio =0.93, 95% CI =0.90-0.97) and increasing National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 24 h after thrombolysis (odds ratio =0.81, 95% CI =0.74-0.90) were independently associated with a lower likelihood of an excellent 5-year outcome. Age (hazards ratio =1.07, 95% CI =1.03-1.11) and excellent functional outcome 3 months after thrombolysis (hazards ratio =0.28, 95%CI=0.12-0.66) were independently associated with mortality during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One third of ischemic stroke patients have excellent 5-year outcome after IVT. Younger age, lower NIHSS 24 h after IVT, and excellent 3-month functional outcome are independent predictors of excellent 5-year outcome.
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.). ccarinamachado@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Célia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinho
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: José Nuno
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: Ana Filipa
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: Maria do Céu
authors.initials: Mdo C
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: Maria João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: João Ramalho
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fontes
authors.affiliation: From the Neurology Department (C.M., J.P., J.N.A., A.F.S., J.R.F., C.F.) and Psychiatry Department (M.C.F.), Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; Health Unit Department, USF Duovida, Guimarães, Portugal (M.J.A.); Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Médio Ave, Unidade de Famalicão, Famalicão, Portugal (L.O.); and Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal (J.M.).
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000639:trends*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator
keywords: mortality; stroke; thrombolytic therapy; treatment outcome