title: Comparison of two- and three-times-daily topical ophthalmic application of 0.005% latanoprost solution in clinically normal dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether 2- or 3-times-daily application of topical ophthalmic 0.005% latanoprost solution is more effective at lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in clinically normal dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  9 clinically normal dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  For each dog, I drop of latanoprost 0.005% solution was applied to 1 eye every 8 or 12 hours each day for 5 days; the contralateral eye received topical ophthalmic treatment with 1 drop of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution at the times of latanoprost application. Ocular examinations of both eyes were performed every 6 hours starting 48 hours prior to and ending 42 hours after the treatment period. Following a 5-week washout interval, the procedures were repeated but the previously latanoprost-treated eye of each dog received latanoprost application at the alternate frequency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean ± SD IOP reduction in the latanoprost-treated eyes was 31 ± 6.9% with 2-times-daily application and 33 ± 8.2% with 3-times-daily application. A 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant differences in IOP with contributions by treatment (2 or 3 times daily), time of day (diurnal variation), and individual dog. The maximum mean daily IOP reduction in latanoprost-treated eyes was detected on day 3 of latanoprost treatment in each group. Eyes treated 3 times daily had significantly smaller pupil diameter and greater conjunctival hyperemia than eyes treated 2 times daily.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical importance of the ocular hypotensive effects of 3-times-daily topical ophthalmic application of 0.005% latanoprost solution in dogs with glaucoma warrants investigation.
authors.forename: Kyle L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Tofflemire
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Whitley
authors.forename: Rachel A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Allbaugh
authors.forename: Gil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ben-Shlomo
authors.forename: Casey C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Taryn L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Overton
authors.forename: Charlotte E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Thiessen
authors.forename: Erin A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Angel N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Griggs
authors.forename: Sara A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Adelman
authors.forename: Allison L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: Jackie K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Jens
authors.forename: N Matthew
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ellinwood
authors.forename: Chimene S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: R David
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Whitley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077338:Latanoprost; D008297:Male; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D000077338:Latanoprost