title: Genome Wide Binding Site Analysis Reveals Transcriptional Coactivation of Cytokinin-Responsive Genes by DELLA Proteins.
abstract: The ability of plants to provide a plastic response to environmental cues relies on the connectivity between signaling pathways. DELLA proteins act as hubs that relay environmental information to the multiple transcriptional circuits that control growth and development through physical interaction with transcription factors from different families. We have analyzed the presence of one DELLA protein at the Arabidopsis genome by chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to large-scale sequencing and we find that it binds at the promoters of multiple genes. Enrichment analysis shows a strong preference for cis elements recognized by specific transcription factor families. In particular, we demonstrate that DELLA proteins are recruited by type-B ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATORS (ARR) to the promoters of cytokinin-regulated genes, where they act as transcriptional co-activators. The biological relevance of this mechanism is underpinned by the necessity of simultaneous presence of DELLAs and ARRs to restrict root meristem growth and to promote photomorphogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marín-de la Rosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kristine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Locascio
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, Umeå, Sweden; College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Rishikesh P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bhalerao
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Pal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miskolczi
authors.affiliation: Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Grønlund
authors.affiliation: Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Aakriti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wanchoo-Kohli
authors.affiliation: Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, Umeå, Sweden; College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Malcolm J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Lohmann
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Blázquez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alabadí
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000196:embryology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D003583:Cytokinins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D063245:Plant Development / Q000502:physiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C117138:ARR1 protein, Arabidopsis; C117139:ARR2 protein, Arabidopsis; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003583:Cytokinins; D018744:DNA, Plant; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C109555:GAI protein, Arabidopsis; C508468:RGA protein, Arabidopsis; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors