title: In vivo nanoparticle-mediated radiopharmaceutical-excited fluorescence molecular imaging.
abstract: Cerenkov luminescence imaging utilizes visible photons emitted from radiopharmaceuticals to achieve in vivo optical molecular-derived signals. Since Cerenkov radiation is weak, non-optimum for tissue penetration and continuous regardless of biological interactions, it is challenging to detect this signal with a diagnostic dose. Therefore, it is challenging to achieve useful activated optical imaging for the acquisition of direct molecular information. Here we introduce a novel imaging strategy, which converts γ and Cerenkov radiation from radioisotopes into fluorescence through europium oxide nanoparticles. After a series of imaging studies, we demonstrate that this approach provides strong optical signals with high signal-to-background ratios, an ideal tissue penetration spectrum and activatable imaging ability. In comparison with present imaging techniques, it detects tumour lesions with low radioactive tracer uptake or small tumour lesions more effectively. We believe it will facilitate the development of nuclear and optical molecular imaging for new, highly sensitive imaging applications.
authors.affiliation: 1] Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China [2] Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yawei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: 1] Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China [2] Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Jiali
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Tianming
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Chengpeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Haixiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China.
authors.forename: Zhongliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Anal-colorectal Surgery Institute, No. 150 Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang 471031, China.
authors.forename: Zhongyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1] Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China [2] Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing 100190, China [3] The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005063:Europium; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D053758:Nanoparticles; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D005063:Europium