title: Factors That Moderate Activity Limitation and Participation Restriction in People With Multiple Sclerosis.
abstract: We examined the variables most associated with activity limitation (i.e., cooking) and participation restriction (i.e., employment) in 72 people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery assessing memory, executive functions, visual perception, and processing speed and completed questionnaires assessing activity, participation, fatigue, and affective symptoms. Results showed that processing speed was the only variable consistently significantly related to both activity and participation. When examining specific aspects of activity and participation in isolation, employment status was significantly associated with education level, visual memory, fatigue, and processing speed. Cooking ability was associated with performance on tasks of working memory, verbal memory, and processing speed. These findings suggest that processing speed is a primary cognitive factor in MS influencing quality of both activity and participation in everyday life.
authors.affiliation: Yael Goverover, PhD, is Associate Professor, New York University, New York, NY, and Visiting Scientist, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ; yg243@nyu.edu.
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goverover
authors.affiliation: Lauren Strober, PhD, is Senior Research Scientist, Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Strober
authors.affiliation: Nancy Chiaravalloti, PhD, is Director, Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Laboratory and Traumatic Brain Injury Laboratory, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chiaravalloti
authors.affiliation: John DeLuca, PhD, is Senior Vice President for Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: DeLuca
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003296:Cooking; D004651:Employment; D056344:Executive Function; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D008875:Middle Aged; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012934:Social Isolation / Q000523:psychology*; D058992:Social Participation / Q000523:psychology*