title: Effect of protective solutions and hydroxyethyl starch in the attenuation of the injuries of ischemia and reperfusion of splanchnic organs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vogt´s antioxidant solution (red blood cells, Ringer's solution, sodium bicarbonate, mannitol, allopurinol and 50% glucose) or its modification including hydroxyethyl starch (HES) were tested for the prevention of splanchnic artery occlusion shock.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy rats were distributed in treatment (3), control (1), and sham (3) groups. Ischemia and reperfusion were induced by celiac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries occlusion for 40 min, followed by 60 min reperfusion or sham procedures. Controls received saline, both treatment and sham groups received the Vogt's solution, modified Vogt's solution (replacing Ringer's solution by HES), or HES. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), ileal malondialdehyde (MDA) and plasmatic MDA were determined, and a histologic grading system was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At reperfusion, MABP dropped in all I/R groups. Only HES treatment was able to restore final MABP to the levels of sham groups. Plasmatic MDA did not show differences between groups. Ileum MDA was significantly higher in the control and treatment groups as compared to the sham group. Histology ranking was higher in the only in control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydroxyethyl starch was able to prevent hemodynamic shock but not intestinal lesions. Both treatments with Vogt's solutions did not show any improvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu School of Medicine, Paulista State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo Eduardo
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, School of Medicine, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sequeira
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luzia Aparecida
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Trinca
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Winston Bonetti
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007082:Ileum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013152:Splanchnic Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D008315:Malondialdehyde