title: Computed tomography-guided percutaneous microwave ablation combined with osteoplasty for palliative treatment of painful extraspinal bone metastases from lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of microwave ablation (MWA) combined with osteoplasty in lung cancer patients with painful extraspinal bone metastases.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2011 to July 2014, 26 lung cancer patients with 33 painful extraspinal bone metastases underwent percutaneous MWA combined with osteoplasty. Effectiveness was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and daily morphine dose with a follow-up of 6-months. Complications were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean VAS score and morphine dose pre-procedure were 7.4 ± 1.6 (range, 5-10) and 47.7 ± 30.1 mg (range, 20-120 mg), respectively. Technical success and pain relief were achieved in all patients. Mean VAS scores and daily morphine doses post-procedure were as follows: 48 h, 1.7 ± 1.2 (p < 0.001) and 29.6 ± 16.1 mg (p = 0.003); 7 days, 1.9 ± 1.7 (p < 0.001) and 16.1 ± 12.0 mg (p < 0.001); 1 month, 1.5 ± 0.9 (p < 0.001) and 10.8 ± 10.9 (p < 0.001); 3 months, 0.9 ± 0.7 (p < 0.001) and 8.4 ± 9.2 mg (p < 0.001); and 6 months, 1.2 ± 0.8 (p < 0.001) and 9.2 ± 12.3 mg (p < 0.001). Complications were observed in eight patients (28%); among these, major complications were reported in two (7.7%) patients, one with local infection and the other with a bone fracture. The minor complication rate was 23.1% (6/26).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MWA combination with osteoplasty appeared to be an effective and safe treatment for lung cancer patients with painful extraspinal bone metastases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250021, China, weizhigang321321@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Kaixian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Aimin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Guanghui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001843:Bone Cements; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods*; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements