title: GC/MS profiling, in vitro anti-leptospiral and haemolytic activities of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. used as a medicinal plant by Nicobarese of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
abstract: Leaves of the plant Boesenbergia rotunda are used by the Nicobarese tribe of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, to prepare traditional medicine for treating fever, headache and body ache. In the present investigation, methanol fraction of these leaves were analysed by GC/MS that revealed the presence of 25 compounds. The anti-leptospiral activity of methanol crude extract was determined by both microdilution and macrodilution methods. The MICs of the extract were tested against 24 pathogenic leptospiral strains and ranged between 62.5-125 μg/mL in both microdilution and macrodilution. The range of MBCs was 250 and 500 μg/mL in macrodilution and microdilution respectively. The crude extract was subjected to cytotoxic studies and found to have negligible or no haemolytic activity, exhibiting IC50 values of greater than 4 mg/mL. Further in vivo studies are needed to investigate the pharmacological and toxicological properties of Boesenbergia rotunda, before it can be considered as a new anti-leptospiral agent.
authors.affiliation: a Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101 , Andaman and Nicobar Islands , India.
authors.forename: M Punnam
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Chander
authors.affiliation: a Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101 , Andaman and Nicobar Islands , India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vinod Kumar
authors.affiliation: a Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101 , Andaman and Nicobar Islands , India.
authors.forename: Chandan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lall
authors.affiliation: a Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101 , Andaman and Nicobar Islands , India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vimal Raj
authors.affiliation: a Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101 , Andaman and Nicobar Islands , India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vijayachari
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D053878:Hemolytic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007919:Leptospira / Q000187:drug effects*; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D053878:Hemolytic Agents
keywords: Boesenbergia rotunda; Car Nicobar Island; Nicobarese; anti-leptospiral activity