title: In vitro biological activity of resveratrol using a novel inhalable resveratrol spray-dried formulation.
abstract: The aim of the study was to prepare inhalable resveratrol by spray drying for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Resveratrol, with a spherical morphology and particle diameter less than 5 μm, was successfully manufactured. Fine particle fraction (FPF) and mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of spray-dried resveratrol was 39.9 ± 1.1% and 3.7 ± 0.1 μm, respectively, when assessed with an Andersen cascade impactor (ACI) at 60 l/min. The cytotoxicity results of resveratrol on Calu-3 revealed that the cells could tolerate high concentration of resveratrol (up to 160 μM). In addition, in transport experiments using Snapwells, it was observed that more than 80% of the deposited dry powder was transported across the Calu-3 cells to the basal chamber within four hours. The expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) from Calu-3 induced with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were significantly reduced after treatment with spray-dried resveratrol. The antioxidant assay (radical scavenging activity and nitric oxide production) showed spray-dried resveratrol to possess an equivalent antioxidant property as compared to vitamin C. Results presented in this investigation suggested that resveratrol could potentially be developed as a dry powder for inhalation for the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases like COPD.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Trotta
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Wing-Hin
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Ching-Yee
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Loo
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Mehra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haghi
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Santo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scalia
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address: daniela.traini@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Traini
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003890:Desiccation; D058995:Dry Powder Inhalers; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010316:Particle Size; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013267:Stilbenes; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Calu-3; Inflammation; Inhalation; Oxidation; Resveratrol; Spray-dried