title: Low-Dose Pelvic Computed Tomography Using Adaptive Iterative Dose Reduction 3-Dimensional Algorithm: A Phantom Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the image quality and radiation dose reduction in pelvic computed tomography (CT) achieved with an adaptive iterative dose reduction 3-dimensional (AIDR 3D) algorithm using a phantom model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two phantoms were scanned using a 320-detector row CT scanner with 8 tube current levels, and the images were reconstructed with a standard filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm and with an AIDR 3D algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with FBP, AIDR 3D reduced image noise and improved contrast-to-noise ratios. The diagnostic performance for detection of low-contrast targets of AIDR 3D images obtained with 100 mA at 120 kVp was almost as good as that of the FBP images obtained with 200 mA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The AIDR 3D algorithm substantially reduced image noise and improved the image quality of pelvic CT images compared with those obtained with the FBP algorithm and can thus be considered a promising technique for low-dose pelvic CT examinations.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; †Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, MWF-Complex, Groningen, the Netherlands, ‡Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara-Shi, Tochigi, Japan; and §Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Remko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kockelkoren
authors.forename: Tonsok
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuboyama
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakane
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatsumi
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uranishi
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Enchi
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*