title: Quality and Diagnostic Utility of Mydriatic Smartphone Photography: The Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy Reliability Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Establish quality and diagnostic utility of mydriatic smartphone ophthalmoscopy (SO) fundus images compared to fundus camera (FC) images.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, cross-sectional study, 94 consecutive patients in an urban eye emergency department underwent SO and FC fundus imaging via one of three study arms: medical student 1 (MS1), medical student 2 (MS2), and ophthalmology resident (OR). Images of 188 eyes were graded for overall quality by two masked reviewers, and observed critical fundus findings were compared to dilated fundus examination documentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SO images were higher quality in the OR arm than in the MS1 and MS2 arms (P < .017). There were no differences in FC image quality between photographers (all P > .328). In the OR arm, SO images detected 74.3% of critical fundus findings, whereas FC images detected 77.1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SO produces fundus images approaching the quality and diagnostic utility of traditional FC photographs.
authors.forename: Murtaza K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: Alexis M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Flowers
authors.forename: Alexander T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Juhn
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Sunir J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Ann P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Murchison
authors.forename: Marc J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Spirn
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015588:Observer Variation; D009885:Ophthalmology; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D010211:Papilledema / Q000175:diagnosis; D010781:Photography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000068997:Smartphone / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D009184:Mydriatics