title: Effects of Single and Joint Subacute Exposure of Copper and Cadmium on Heat Shock Proteins in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio).
abstract: Copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) are the most common heavy metals that are easily detected in aquatic environments on a global scale. In this paper, we investigated the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of HSPs (HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90) in the liver of the common carp exposed to Cu, Cd, and a combination of both metals by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. The results indicated that in each exposure group, the mRNA levels of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 were increased significantly compared to the corresponding controls after 96 h of exposure (P < 0.05). A significant increase was observed in the HSP70 protein level in the high-dose Cu group and all of the Cd groups. Significant increases were also observed in the protein levels of HSP60 and HSP90 in the high combination group and the low combination group, respectively. These results indicated that the dynamics of HSP expression observed in the common carp support the role of HSPs as biochemical markers in response to environmental pollution and provided valuable insights into the adaptive mechanisms used by the common carp to adapt to the challenges of stressful environments.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.|National and Local Joint Freshwater Fish Breeding Engineering Laboratory of China, 43 Songfa Street, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xueting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Linlin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 5399 Wanbao Street, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China. JINXIA815000@163.com.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China. hanying_606@163.com.|National and Local Joint Freshwater Fish Breeding Engineering Laboratory of China, 43 Songfa Street, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China. hanying_606@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D003300:Copper
keywords: Cadmium; Common carp; Copper; Quantitative RT-PCR; Subacute; Western blot