title: Physicians' and pharmacists' acceptance of online, real-time "drug combinations to avoid" messages.
abstract: Drug-induced prolongation of the electrocardiogram QT interval, a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmia and death, has been observed for some small drugs with masses < 1 kDa. Over the last two decades, patient exposure to large molecule monoclonal antibody drugs with masses > 40 kDa has increased dramatically; hence, the aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature for evidence of QT prolongation induced by these drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for cases indicative of drug-induced QT prolongation for 28 pre-identified monoclonal antibody drugs authorized in Europe. Cases were identified by applying a standardized search string and a subsequent text search and manual review. In parallel, the public European Medicines Agency (EMA) database was searched for reported frequencies of adverse events indicative of QT prolongation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A valid case of drug-induced QT prolongation, caused indirectly by hypocalcaemia, could be identified for only 1 out of 28 monoclonal antibody drugs (denosumab) from the PubMed and Embase search. The EMA database showed no hits for denosumab. Considering that hypocalcaemia-mediated QT prolongation is an already-identified and labelled risk for denosumab, the current study did not identify any additional evidence of QT prolongation caused by monoclonal antibody drugs.
authors.forename: Dong-Sook
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ha-Lim
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Sukhyang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam Kyung
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Je
mesh_terms: D004338:Drug Combinations; D004347:Drug Interactions; D017723:Drug Utilization Review; D006801:Humans; D010595:Pharmacists; D010820:Physicians; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations