title: Heat-set gels formed from easily accessible gelators of a succinamic acid derivative (SAD) and a primary alkyl amine (R-NH2).
abstract: Currently, the design and construction of an intelligent stimuli-responsive gel system is still a significant challenge. We present here a new gel system from which the formation of heat-set gels, conventional gels and irreversible heat-set gels can be achieved in aromatic solvents. This gel system is based on two-component gelators containing a succinamic acid derivative (SAD) and a primary alkyl amine (R-NH2). With the increase of temperature to 85 °C, a rarely reported reversible heat-set gel (gel formation with the increase of temperature) is afforded. Upon addition of fatty acids into two-component gelators, a conventional gel (gel formation with the decrease of temperature) is formed. When the fatty acid is replaced with dicarboxylic acid, a new heat-set gel is generated, which is irreversible and thermally super-stable. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the formation of a reversible heat-set gel relies on electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. These two-component gelators show a perfect gel system for the formation of diverse gels including heat-set gels, conventional gels and irreversible heat-set gels. The tunable strategy demonstrated in this letter may provide a new way for creation of more functional gels in gel science.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China. zhong.luo-supermolecule@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Di-Chang
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Lie-Qiang
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Ke-Jun
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hui-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xu-Zhong
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D055672:Static Electricity; D013386:Succinates / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005782:Gels; D013386:Succinates