title: Oxidative and proteolysis-related parameters of skeletal muscle from hamsters with experimental pulmonary emphysema: a comparison between papain and elastase induction.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate whether emphysema induced by elastase or papain triggers the same effects on skeletal muscle, related to oxidative stress and proteolysis, in hamsters. For this purpose, we evaluated pulmonary lesions, body weight, muscle loss, oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, total and oxidized glutathiones, chemiluminescence stimulated by tert-butyl hydroperoxide and carbonyl proteins), chymotrypsin-like and calpain-like proteolytic activities and muscle fibre cross-sectional area in the gastrocnemius muscles of emphysemic hamsters. Two groups of animals received different intratracheal inductions of experimental emphysema: by 40 mg/ml papain (EP) or 5.2 IU/100 g animal (EE) elastase (n = 10 animals/group). The control group received intratracheal instillation of 300 μl sterile NaCl 0.9%. Compared with the control group, the EP group had reduced muscle weight (18.34%) and the EE group had increased muscle weight (8.37%). Additionally, tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence, carbonylated proteins and chymotrypsin-like proteolytic activity were all elevated in the EP group compared to the CS group, while total glutathione was decreased compared to the EE group. The EE group showed more fibres with increased cross-sectional areas and increased calpain-like activity. Together, these data show that elastase and papain, when used to induce experimental models of emphysema, lead to different speeds and types of adaptation. These findings provide more information on choosing a suitable experimental model for studying skeletal muscle adaptations in emphysema.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Brunnquell
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Muscle Adaptations, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nichelle A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Muscle Adaptations, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laís R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Sábio
authors.affiliation: Intermunicipal Health Consortium of Pioneer North, Jacarezinho, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sczepanski
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cecchini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rubens
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cecchini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Muscle Adaptations, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Guarnier
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009929:Organ Size; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D010206:Papain; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D059748:Proteolysis; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D010206:Papain
keywords: elastase; emphysema; oxidative stress; papain; proteolysis; skeletal muscle