title: Detection of Entebbe Bat Virus After 54 Years.
abstract: Entebbe bat virus (ENTV; Flaviviridae: Flavivirus), closely related to yellow fever virus, was first isolated from a little free-tailed bat (Chaerephon pumilus) in Uganda in 1957, but was not detected after that initial isolation. In 2011, we isolated ENTV from a little free-tailed bat captured from the attic of a house near where it had originally been found. Infectious virus was recovered from the spleen and lung, and the viral RNA was sequenced and compared with that of the original isolate. Across the polypeptide sequence, there were 76 amino acid substitutions, resulting in 97.8% identity at the amino acid level between the 1957 and 2011 isolates. Further study of this virus would provide valuable insights into the ecological and genetic factors governing the evolution and transmission of bat- and mosquito-borne flaviviruses.
authors.affiliation: Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Biological Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Arbovirology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda rcmosquito@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rebekah C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kading
authors.affiliation: Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Biological Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Arbovirology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kityo
authors.affiliation: Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Biological Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Arbovirology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
authors.forename: Teddie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayiki
authors.affiliation: Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Biological Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Arbovirology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ledermann
authors.affiliation: Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Biological Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Arbovirology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Crabtree
authors.affiliation: Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Biological Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Arbovirology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
authors.forename: Julius
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lutwama
authors.affiliation: Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Biological Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Arbovirology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
authors.forename: Barry R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000235:genetics*; D005416:Flavivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018177:Flavivirus Infections / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D014454:Uganda