title: Effect of ethanol induced mild stress on post-thawed bull sperm quality.
abstract: This study was performed to investigate the effect of sub-lethal exposure of bull semen to ethanol on the post-thaw spermatozoa quality. Semen samples (n=24, 6 ejaculates/bull) from 4 Holstein bulls were collected and pooled. Pooled samples were divided into 4 equal parts and each part was frozen after being diluted with Optidyl® extender containing 0 (O-E0), 0.03 (O-E3), 0.09 (O-E9) and 0.15 (O-E15) % (v/v) absolute ethanol. Sperm motility and velocity, plasma membrane integrity and functionality, mitochondrial activity, malondialdehyde concentration, and apoptosis status were evaluated after thawing. A higher percentage of total motility was observed in the O-E9 group as compared to the O-E0, O-E3 and O-E15 groups (p<0.05). Also, plasma membrane integrity was higher (p<0.05) in the O-E9 group compared to the O-E3, and O-E15 groups. However, the difference between the O-E9 and O-E0 groups was not significant (p>0.05). In terms of the proportion of sperm abnormality and plasma membrane functionality no differences (p>0.05) were observed between the groups. Our results revealed that malondialdehyde level was lower in ethanol treated (O-E3, O-E9 and O-E15) groups compared to the O-E0 group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the percentage of live spermatozoa with active mitochondria was higher in the O-E9 and O-E15 groups compared to the O-E0 and O-E3 groups (p<0.05). The O-E3 and O-E9 groups resulted in the highest and lowest percentage of apoptotic spermatozoa, respectively (p<0.05). The results of this study demonstrate that supplementation of semen extender with sub-lethal concentration of ethanol influences post-thawed bull sperm quality in a dose dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein Vaseghi
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Dodaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Electronic address: mzhandi@ut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharafi
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Elaheh
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nejati-Amiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Ardeshir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nejati-Javaremi
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran; Department of Transgenic Animal Science, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdollah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shehab-El-Deen
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Malak
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shakeri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005615:Freezing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012661:Semen / Q000187:drug effects; D055101:Semen Analysis; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D008315:Malondialdehyde
keywords: Bull; Ethanol; Freeze; Mild; Sperm