title: Virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical and environmental strains of Aeromonas spp. from northeastern Brazil.
abstract: The aims of the present study were to isolate and identify clinical and environmental strains of Aeromonas spp. by means of biochemical tests and the automated method VITEK 2 and to investigate the presence of the virulence genes cytotoxic enterotoxin (act), hemolysin (asa-1), and type III secretion system (ascV), and also the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains. From the clinical isolates, 19 Aeromonas hydrophila, 3 Aeromonas veronii bv. sobria, and 1 Aeromonas caviae were identified, while from the environmental strains, 11 A. hydrophila, 22 A. veronii bv. sobria, 1 A. veronii bv. veronii, and 1 A. caviae were recovered. The gene act was detected in 69.5% of clinical isolates, asa-1 in 8.6%, and ascV in 34.7%. In the environmental strains, the detection rates were 51.4%, 45.7%, and 54.2% for the genes act, asa-1, and ascV, respectively. Resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate and piperacillin-tazobactam was observed in 15 and 3 clinical strains, respectively, and resistance to ceftazidime, meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was observed in 1 strain for each drug. Resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate and piperacillin-tazobactam was detected in 17 and 1 environmental strain, respectively. Higher resistance percentages were observed in clinical strains, but environmental strains also showed this phenomenon and presented a higher detection rate of virulence genes. Thus, it is important to monitor the antimicrobial susceptibility and pathogenic potential of the environmental isolates.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora de Souza Collares Maia
authors.initials: Dde S
authors.lastname: Castelo-Branco
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Glaucia Morgana de Melo
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Guedes
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Brilhante
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.|b School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Fábio Gadelha
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Júlio Costa
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sidrim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Luciano Bezerra
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rossana de Aguiar
authors.initials: Rde A
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
authors.affiliation: b School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jamille Alencar
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sales
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovanna Barbosa
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Riello
authors.affiliation: b School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas Pereira
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: de Alencar
authors.affiliation: b School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Manoel de Araújo Neto
authors.initials: Mde A
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: David Caldas
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isis Sousa Bezerra
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: de Menezes
authors.affiliation: b School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yago Brito
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: de Ponte
authors.affiliation: b School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Célia Maria de Souza
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.affiliation: d Department of Statistics and Applied Mathematics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Jalles
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.|e School of Medicine, Christus College - Unichristus, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.|f Diagnósticos da América SA (DASA), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tereza de Jesus Pinheiro Gomes
authors.initials: Tde J
authors.lastname: Bandeira
mesh_terms: D000333:Aeromonas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001938:Brazil; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
keywords: Aeromonas spp.; antimicrobial resistance; environments; environnements; gènes de virulence; human infections; infections humaines; résistance antimicrobienne; virulence genes