title: Aquatic Toxicity Comparison of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Nanowires.
abstract: To better understand the potential ecotoxicological impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) released into freshwater environments, the toxicities of these nanomaterials were assessed and compared using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test guidelines, including a "Daphnia sp., acute immobilization test," "Fish, acute toxicity test," and "freshwater alga and cyanobacteria, growth inhibition test." Based on the estimated median lethal/effective concentrations of AgNPs and AgNWs, the susceptibility to the nanomaterials was different among test organisms (daphnia > algae > fish), suggesting that the AgNPs are classified as "category acute 1" for Daphnia magna, "category acute 2" for Oryzias latipes, and "category acute 1" for Raphidocelis subcapitata, while the AgNWs are classified as "category acute 1" for Daphnia magna, "category acute 2" for Oryzias latipes, and "category acute 2" for Raphidocelis subcapitata, according to the GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals). In conclusion, the present results suggest that more attention should be paid to prevent the accidental or intentional release of silver nanomaterials into freshwater aquatic environments.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Kyung
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5712-5088
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Ali
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1210-5454
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Johari
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Gyu
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Kwon
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Shin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Il Je
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5774-296X
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity; D053770:Nanowires / Q000633:toxicity*; D012834:Silver / Q000633:toxicity*; D018030:Silver Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D018030:Silver Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D012834:Silver