title: Ultrasonography-guided central venous port placement with subclavian vein access in pediatric oncology patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the technical success and complications of image-guided central venous port (CVP) placement with subclavian vein (SCV) access in pediatric oncology population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-two children (52 boys, 40 girls; mean age, 8.5 years) underwent CVP implantation under local anesthesia with conscious sedation. SCV access was firstly attempted under ultrasonographic guidance and CVP implantation was performed under fluoroscopic guidance. Technical success, peri-procedural (<24h) complication, and post-procedural (>24h) complication were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 102 CVPs were implanted in 92 children with a mean catheter time of 364 days (total, 38,224 days; range, 14-1911 days). In three small children, conversion of SCV access to internal jugular vein access yielded a primary technical success rate of 97.1% and overall technical success rate of 100%. Three minor peri-procedural complications were observed (2.9%) and seven post-procedural infectious complications occurred (infection rate, 6.7%; 0.18/1000 catheter days). No pneumothorax, catheter malposition, venous thrombosis, or mortality occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Image-guided CVP placement with SCV access in a pediatric population was performed with high technical success and low complication rate without general anesthesia. This procedure can be taken into account as a choice of procedure when internal jugular venous access is not possible.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital; Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine. Electronic address: keitarosofue@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sofue
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital.
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital.
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital; Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Masakatsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsurusaki
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital; Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D062905:Central Venous Catheters; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013350:Subclavian Vein; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
keywords: Central venous port; Children; Oncologic; Subclavian vein; Ultrasonography