title: CD114 Expression Mediates Melanoma Tumor Cell Growth and Treatment Resistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Melanoma tumor cell sub-populations expressing a variety of specific molecular markers have been identified. We hypothesized that expression of CD114, the cell surface receptor for granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), would be associated with melanoma tumor cell growth and response to treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined the expression of CD114 expression in tumor cell lines by flow cytometry. We separated melanoma tumor cells into CD114-positive and - negative populations by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and measured cell growth and responses to temozolomide and etoposide and the anticancer agent nifurtimox.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All tested cell lines demonstrated a sub-population of cells with CD114 surface expression. CD114-positive sub-populations grew faster than CD114-negative ones and demonstrated resistance to temozolomide, etoposide, and nifurtimox.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CD114 expression defines a sub-population of melanoma tumor cells with altered growth and resistance to treatment. Further studies on the role of CD114 in melanoma pathogenesis are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Linna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shohet
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A. zage@bcm.edu.
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Zage
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: CD114; G-CSF; melanoma; nifurtimox