title: Efficacy of Tailored Physical Activity or Chronic Pain Self-Management Programme on return to work for sick-listed citizens: A 3-month randomised controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of 'Tailored Physical Activity' (TPA) and a 'Chronic Pain Self-management Programme' (CPSMP) compared with a reference group (REF) on return to work after 3 months as sick-listed citizens with pain related to the back or the upper body.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a randomised controlled trial design all participants (n= 141) received health guidance for 1.5 hours and were randomised to TPA, CPSMP or REF. Characteristics of participants were collected from a questionnaire. The primary endpoint was proportion of participants returned to work as registered by the municipality and the co-primary endpoint was duration of the sickness absence period. Secondary outcomes consisted of pain, body mass index, aerobic capacity, grip strength, work ability and kinesiophobia. The trial was conducted in Sonderborg Municipality from March 2011 to October 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TPA was more effective on return to work than REF, while CPSMP only tended to be more effective than REF, and the primary outcome was the only between-groups significant difference. TPA participants also reached a highly significant reduction in pain from baseline to follow-up with no similar effect seen in CPSMP or REF. In contrast, no benefit of TPA and CPSMP was evident regarding work ability, kinesiophobia or physical capacity after 3 months of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that TPA is a promising intervention to facilitate return to work and reduce pain among sick-listed citizens with pain related to the back or upper body compared to REF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark 2Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark lonygaard@health.sdu.dk.
authors.forename: Lotte Nygaard
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Institute of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Juul-Kristensen
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
authors.forename: Thomas Lund
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.affiliation: Senior Citizen and Health Department, Social and Health Affairs, Municipality of Sonderborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lene Gram
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Herborg
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kirsten Kaya
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Roessler
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Søgaard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001416:Back Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015397:Program Evaluation; D062707:Return to Work / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012648:Self Care; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Denmark; Physical training; intervention; musculoskeletal; patient education