title: The Effect of Phospholipids (Surfactant) on Adhesion and Biomechanical Properties of Tendon: A Rat Achilles Tendon Repair Model.
abstract: Adhesion of the tendon is a major challenge for the orthopedic surgeon during tendon repair. Manipulation of biological environment is one of the concepts to prevent adhesion. Lots of biochemicals have been studied for this purpose. We aimed to determine the effect of phospholipids on adhesion and biomechanical properties of tendon in an animal tendon repair model. Seventy-two Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Achilles tendons of rats were cut and repaired. Phospholipids were applied at two different dosages. Tendon adhesion was determined histopathologically and biomechanical test was performed. At macroscopic evaluation of adhesion, there are statistically significant differences between multiple-dose phospholipid injection group and Control group and also hyaluronic acid group and Control group (p < 0.008). At microscopic evaluation of adhesion, there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.008). Ultimate strength was highest at hyaluronic acid injection group and lowest at multiple-dose phospholipid injection group. Single-dose phospholipids (surfactant) application may have a beneficial effect on the tendon adhesion. Although multiple applications of phospholipids seem the most effective regime to reduce the tendon adhesion among groups, it deteriorated the biomechanical properties of tendon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07059 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: T Kursat
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Dabak
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic and Traumatology Clinic, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, 07100 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sertkaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07059 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nuray
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Akdeniz University Antalya School of Health, 07058 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: B Ozgur
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Donmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07059 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ustunel
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012421:Rupture / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D010743:Phospholipids; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants