title: Metallothionein-I/II Knockout Mice Aggravate Mitochondrial Superoxide Production and Peroxiredoxin 3 Expression in Thyroid after Excessive Iodide Exposure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aim to figure out the effect of metallothioneins on iodide excess induced oxidative stress in the thyroid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight-week-old MT-I/II knockout (MT-I/II KO) mice and background-matched wild-type (WT) mice were used. Mitochondrial superoxide production and peroxiredoxin (Prx) 3 expression were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In in vitro study, more significant increases in mitochondrial superoxide production and Prx 3 expression were detected in the MT-I/II KO groups. In in vivo study, significantly higher concentrations of urinary iodine level were detected in MT-I/II KO mice in 100 HI group. Compared to the NI group, there was no significant difference existing in serum thyroid hormones level in either groups (P > 0.05), while the mitochondrial superoxide production was significantly increased in 100 HI groups with significantly increased LDH activity and decreased relative cell viability. Compared to WT mice, more significant changes were detected in MT-I/II KO mice in 100 HI groups. No significant differences were detected between the NI group and 10 HI group in both the MT-I/II KO and WT mice groups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iodide excess in a thyroid without MT I/II protection may result in strong mitochondrial oxidative stress, which further leads to the damage of thyrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Lingyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Hormones and Development of Ministry of Health, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolic Disease Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Laixiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007454:Iodides / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D061105:Peroxiredoxin III / Q000378:metabolism*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D007454:Iodides; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013481:Superoxides; D008668:Metallothionein; D061105:Peroxiredoxin III; D013974:Thyroxine