title: Association Between Geographic Elevation, Bone Status, and Exercise Habits: The Shimane CoHRE Study.
abstract: In recent years, there has been growing interest in the association between the residential environment and health. The association between residential environment (i.e., geographic elevation) and bone status is unknown. Furthermore, these associations could differ by exercise habits due to the chronically greater daily activity caused by steep slopes in mountainous areas. The aim of this study was to test whether the association between bone status of elderly people measured using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and elevation varied according to the exercise habits in a mountainous area population. Data were collected from a cross-sectional study conducted during 2012-2013. QUS value was expressed as a proportion of the young adult mean (%YAM), with higher scores donating better bone status. After excluding subjects with missing data, we analyzed the data for 321 men and 500 women. Our results indicate that %YAM was not associated with elevation among men, or among women with exercise habits. However, elevation was associated with %YAM among women without exercise habits. Our results highlight the importance of considering residential environment and exercise habits when establishing promotion strategies to maintain bone status of the elderly people who live in rural mountainous areas.
authors.affiliation: Center for Community-Based Health Research and Education (COHRE), Organization for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. cohre1@med.shimane-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Miwako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.affiliation: Center for Community-Based Health Research and Education (COHRE), Organization for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. thamano@med.shimane-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamano
authors.affiliation: Center for Community-Based Health Research and Education (COHRE), Organization for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. nine_kk@med.shimane-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kunie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.affiliation: Center for Community-Based Health Research and Education (COHRE), Organization for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. syano@med.shimane-u.ac.jp.|Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. syano@med.shimane-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.affiliation: Center for Community-Based Health Research and Education (COHRE), Organization for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. shiwaku@jn.shimane-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kuninori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiwaku
authors.affiliation: Center for Community-Based Health Research and Education (COHRE), Organization for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. nabika@med.shimane-u.ac.jp.|Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. nabika@med.shimane-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nabika
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000531:Altitude; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004777:Environment; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: aging population; bone status; geographic elevation; quantitative ultrasound