title: Compartmentalization of iron between mitochondria and the cytosol and its regulation.
abstract: Iron is essential for life. Its coordinated distribution between intracellular compartments and the adaptation of iron uptake to intracellular demands are central for a balanced iron homeostasis. Mitochondria take center stage in cellular iron metabolism as they harbor the two major iron-utilizing pathways, the synthesis of heme and the biogenesis of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins. Consistent with this central role, mitochondria are also critical regulators of cellular iron homeostasis. They directly influence cellular iron uptake and the status of iron-utilizing metabolic processes through iron-dependent co-factors or by control of gene expression. For all these aspects of cellular iron metabolism, the uptake of iron into mitochondria is critical. During the last decade, considerable progress has been made with respect to the functional characterization of mitochondrial iron acquisition and the identification of transporters involved. The model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been especially useful for the elucidation of this process. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the mechanism of mitochondrial iron transport and the impact of mitochondria on the regulation of cellular iron homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: muehlenh@staff.uni-marburg.de.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mühlenhoff
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Bastian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rietzschel
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spantgar
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stehling
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Marta A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Uzarska
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lill
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000502:physiology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism*; D006418:Heme / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006706:Homeostasis; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D006418:Heme; D007501:Iron
keywords: Fe/S clusters; Gene regulation; Heme; Iron homeostasis; Mitochondria; Mitoferrin