title: The Effect of Diagnostic Absorbed Doses from 131I on Human Thyrocytes in Vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Administration of diagnostic activities of 131I, performed in order to detect thyroid remnants after surgery and/or thyroid cancer recurrence/metastases, may lead to reduction of iodine uptake. This phenomenon is called "thyroid stunning". We estimated radiation absorbed dose-dependent changes in genetic material, in particular in sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene promoter, and NIS protein level in human thyrocytes (HT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We used unmodified HT isolated from patients subjected to thyroidectomy exposed to 131I in culture. The different 131I activities applied were calculated to result in absorbed doses of 5, 10, and 20 Gy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to flow cytometry analysis and comet assay, 131I did not influence the HT viability in culture. Temporary increase of 8-oxo-dG concentration in HT directly after 24 h (p < 0.05) and increase in the number of AP-sites 72 h after termination of exposition to 20 Gy dose (p < 0.0001) were observed. The signs of dose-dependent DNA damage were not associated with essential changes in the NIS expression on mRNA and protein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our observation constitutes a first attempt to evaluate the effect of the absorbed dose of 131I on HT. The results have not confirmed the theory that the "thyroid stunning" reduces the NIS protein synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland. p.sliwka87@gmail.com.|Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland. p.sliwka87@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Adamczewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland. mstasiolek@yahoo.de.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stasiołek
authors.affiliation: Food Science Department, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland. boleslaw.karwowski@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Bolesław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karwowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland. marek.dedecjus@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dedecjus
authors.affiliation: Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland. daria.orszulak-michalak@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Orszulak-Michalak
authors.affiliation: Food Science Department, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland. anna.merecz@umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Merecz
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland. p.sliwka87@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Przemysław W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Śliwka
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. bartosz.pula@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bartosz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Puła
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland. alewin@csk.umed.lodz.pl.|Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland. alewin@csk.umed.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lewiński
mesh_terms: D065638:Absorption, Radiation; D017209:Apoptosis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000009:adverse effects*; D027981:Symporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D027981:Symporters; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
keywords: 131I; thyroid gland; thyroid stunning