title: ATP-enhanced peroxidase-like activity of gold nanoparticles.
abstract: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are known to possess intrinsic biological peroxidase-like activity that has applications in development of numerous biosensors. The reactivity of the Au atoms at the surface of AuNPs is critical to the performance of such biosensors, yet little is known about the effect of biomolecules and ions on the peroxidase-like activity. In this work, the effect of ATP and other biologically relevant molecules and ions over peroxidase-like activity of AuNPs are described. Contrary to the expectation that nanoparticles exposed to biomolecules may lose the catalytic property, ATP and ADP addition enhanced the peroxidase-like activity of AuNPs. The catalytic activity was unaltered by the addition of free phosphate, sulphate and carbonate anions however, addition of ascorbic acid to the reaction mixture diminished the intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of AuNPs, even in the presence of ATP and ADP. In contrast to AuNPs, ATP did not synergize and improve the peroxidase activity of the natural peroxidase enzyme, horseradish peroxidase.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Juhi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Purohit
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Ragini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; Institute of Engineering and Technology, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Ajay Singh
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Karakoti
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: sanjay.singh@ahduni.edu.in.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000737:chemistry*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002021:Buffers; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D002254:Carbonates; D010710:Phosphates; D013431:Sulfates; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D006046:Gold; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D010544:Peroxidases; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Adenosine tri-phosphate; Gold nanoparticles; Nanozymes; Peroxidase-like activity