title: Perinatal exposure to chlordecone and infant growth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The intensive use of chlordecone (an organochlorine insecticide) in the French West Indies until 1993 resulted in a long-term soil and water contamination. Chlordecone has known hormonal properties and exposure through contaminated food during critical periods of development (gestation and early infancy) may affect growth.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess the impact of prenatal and postnatal exposure to chlordecone on the growth of children from the TIMOUN mother-child cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chlordecone was determined in cord plasma at birth (N=222) and in breast milk samples (at 3 months). Dietary chlordecone intake was estimated at 7 and 18 months, with food-frequency questionnaires and food-specific contamination data. Anthropometric measurements were taken at the 3-, 7- and 18-month visits and measurements reported in the infants' health records were noted. Structured Jenss-Bayley growth models were fitted to individual height and weight growth trajectories. The impact of exposure on growth curve parameters was estimated directly with adjusted mixed non-linear models. Weight, height and body mass index (BMI), and instantaneous height and weight growth velocities at specific ages were also analyzed relative to exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chlordecone in cord blood was associated with a higher BMI in boys at 3 months, due to greater weight and lower height, and in girls at 8 and 18 months, mostly due to lower height. Postnatal exposure was associated with lower height, weight and BMI at 3, 8 and 18 months, particularly in girls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chlordecone exposure may affect growth trajectories in children aged 0 to 18 months.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IRSET, UMR 1085, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France. Electronic address: nathalie.costet@univ-rennes1.fr.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Costet
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IRSET, UMR 1085, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Département de Médecine Générale, Rennes, France. Electronic address: fabienne.pele@chu-rennes.fr.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pelé
authors.affiliation: Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France; INSERM, CIC 1414, 35700 Rennes, France; INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France. Electronic address: emmanuelle.comets@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Comets
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IRSET, UMR 1085, Rennes, France; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Rennes, France. Electronic address: florence.rouget@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rouget
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IRSET, UMR 1085, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France. Electronic address: christine.monfort@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Monfort
authors.affiliation: EHESP, Département Épidémiologie et Biostatistiques, Rennes, France; INSERM, EPOPé, UMR1153, Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Paris, France; Univ Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. Electronic address: florence.bodeau-livinec@ehesp.fr.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bodeau-Livinec
authors.affiliation: EHESP, Département Épidémiologie et Biostatistiques, Rennes, France. Electronic address: Henri.Bataille@chu-fortdefrance.fr.
authors.forename: Elsie M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Linganiza
authors.affiliation: Unité pédiatrique, CHU Pointe-à-Pitre, France. Electronic address: elsiemlinga@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bataille
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IRSET, UMR 1085, Rennes, France; Pôle Parent-Enfant, Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique, CHU Pointe-à-Pitre, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France. Electronic address: philippe.kadhel@orange.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kadhel
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IRSET, UMR 1085, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France. Electronic address: luc.multigner@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Multigner
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IRSET, UMR 1085, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France. Electronic address: sylvaine.cordier@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Sylvaine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cordier
mesh_terms: D001827:Body Height / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D007631:Chlordecone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D019430:Guadeloupe; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D007631:Chlordecone
keywords: Chlordecone; Growth modeling; Infant growth; Organochlorine pesticide; Prenatal exposure