title: Identification of collaborative activities with oxidative phosphorylation in bipolar disorder.
abstract: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric disease considered to polygenic with multiple factors in genetics, each of which is not dominant but collaborative during pathogenic progression. We describe a method that estimates the collaborative contribution to the disease between a certain well-studied pathway and the other candidate pathway using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). We describe a modified GSEA (improved derivation) to identify genes that are significantly and differentially expressed between disease and non-disease states and that are consistently co-expressed with a target pathway which is deeply related to disease etiology. The modified GSEA uses available gene expression data to identify molecular mechanism (ubiquitin-proteasome and inflammatory response) associated with the disease. We believe that this approach could reveal hidden relations between a certain well-studied pathway and the other candidate pathway known in literature.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ATP5I - ATP synthase H+ transporting mitochondrial F0 complex subunit E, ATP5J - ATP synthase H+ transporting mitochondrial F0 complex subunit F6, BAD - Bcl-2-associated death promoter, BAX - Bcl-2-associated x protein, Bcl-2 - B-cell lymphoma 2, BDNF - brain derived neurotrophic factor, COX5B - Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb, COX7A2 - cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIa polypeptide 2, DLK - dual leucine zipper-bearing kinase, GABA - Gamma aminobutyric acid, IL-8 - Interleukin 8, NDUFA1 - NADH dehydrogenase 1 alpha subcomplex 1, NDUFB2 - NADH dehydrogenase1 beta subcomplex 2, NDUFS4 - NADH dehydrogenase Fe-S protein 4, NGF - nerve growth factor, PPP2R5C - protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B gamma, PSMA3 - proteasome subunit alpha type 3, PSMA7 - proteasome subunit alpha type 7, PSMB1 - proteasome subunit beta type 1, PSMB6 - proteasome subunit beta type 6, PSMB7 - proteasome subunit beta type 7, PSMC2 - proteasome 26S subunit ATPase 2, PSMC5 - proteasome 26S subunit ATPase 5, SLC6A4 - solute carrier family 6 member 4, TNFa - tumor necrosis factor a, UBE2A - ubiquitinconjugating enzyme E2A, UCRC - ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex, UFC1 - ubiquitin-fold modifier conjugating enzyme 1, UQCRQ - ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex III subunit VII, USP14 - ubiquitin specific protease 14.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Hashime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sawai
authors.affiliation: Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai Miyagi, 980-8573,Japan.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takai-Igarashi
authors.affiliation: Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai Miyagi, 980-8573,Japan ; Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka