title: Comparison of surgical treatments for triple extensor tendon ruptures in rheumatoid hands: A retrospective study of 48 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the outcomes of four different surgical reconstructions for extensor tendon ruptures in ulnar three fingers in 48 patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following four techniques were performed; palmaris longus tendon grafting (PL group; n = 9), extensor indicis proprius (EIP) tendon transfers (EIP group; n = 8), end-to-side transfers with tension-reduced early mobilization (End-to-side group; n = 16), and a combination of end-to-side and EIP transfers (Combination group; n = 15). Loss of extension was evaluated to determine the mean postoperative range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint and clinical outcomes were categorized using modified Geldmacher criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combination group demonstrated the best mean MP joint extension (-3°), followed by End-to-side group (-12°), EIP group (-16°), and PL group (-21°). Combination group yielded the best clinical outcomes with all cases showing good results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of end-to-side and EIP transfer was an effective surgical reconstruction procedure for triple fingers extension loss.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.|b Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.|b Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.affiliation: c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Toho University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikegami
authors.affiliation: b Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.affiliation: b Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikari
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Morio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: b Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Momohara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008662:Metacarpophalangeal Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013709:Tendon Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis; Tendon reconstruction; Tension-reduced early mobilization; Triple fingers extension loss