title: Human Heredity and Health (H3) in Africa Kidney Disease Research Network: A Focus on Methods in Sub-Saharan Africa.
abstract: CKD affects an estimated 14% of adults in sub-Saharan Africa, but very little research has been done on the cause, progression, and prevention of CKD there. As part of the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Consortium, the H3Africa Kidney Disease Research Network was established to study prevalent forms of kidney disease in sub-Saharan Africa and increase the capacity for genetics and genomics research. The study is performing comprehensive phenotypic characterization and analyzing environmental and genetic factors from nine clinical centers in four African countries (Ghana, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Kenya) over a 5-year period. Approximately 4000 participants with specified kidney disease diagnoses and 4000 control participants will be enrolled in the four African countries. In addition, approximately 50 families with hereditary glomerular disease will be enrolled. The study includes both pediatric and adult participants age <1 to 74 years across a broad spectrum of kidney diseases secondary to hypertension-attributed nephropathy, diabetes, HIV infection, sickle cell disease, biopsy-proven glomerular disease, and CKD of unknown origin. Clinical and demographic data with biospecimens are collected to assess clinical, biochemical, and genetic markers of kidney disease. As of March 2015, a total of 3499 patients and controls have been recruited and 1897 had complete entry data for analysis. Slightly more than half (50.2%) of the cohort is female. Initial quality control of clinical data collection and of biosample and DNA analysis is satisfactory, demonstrating that a clinical research infrastructure can be successfully established in Africa. This study will provide clinical, biochemical, and genotypic data that will greatly increase the understanding of CKD in sub-Saharan Africa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana;
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Osafo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
authors.forename: Yemi Raheem
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Raji
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics and.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois;
authors.forename: Bamidele O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Tayo
authors.affiliation: South African National Bioinformatics Institute/Medical Research Council of South Africa Bioinformatics Unit, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa;
authors.forename: Nicki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tiffin
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland;
authors.forename: Marva M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Moxey-Mims
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland;
authors.forename: Rebekah S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rasooly
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland;
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Kimmel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;
authors.forename: Akinlolu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ojo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana; dwoms15@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dwomoa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Adu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Rulan S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Parekh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017954:Africa South of the Sahara / Q000453:epidemiology; D000368:Aged; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019295:Computational Biology; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D040941:Heredity; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007391:International Cooperation; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors; D008875:Middle Aged; D009398:Nephrology / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D012107:Research Design; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: APOL1; Africans; CKD; ESRD; genes