title: Predicting Changes Across 12 Months in Three Types of Parental Support Behaviors and Mothers' Perceptions of Child Physical Activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parental support has been established as the critical family-level variable linked to child physical activity with encouragement, logistical support, and parent-child co-activity as key support behaviors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to model these parental support behaviors as well as family demographics as mediators of mothers' perceptions of child physical activity using theory of planned behavior (TPB) across two 6-month waves of longitudinal data.
  
  
  METHODS
  A representative sample of Canadian mothers (N = 1253) with children aged 5 to 13 years of age completed measures of TPB, support behaviors, and child physical activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Autoregressive structural equation models showed that intention and perceived behavioral control explained support behaviors, yet child age (inverse relationship) and family income were independent predictors. The three support behaviors explained 19-42 % of the variance in child physical activity between participants, but analyses of change showed much smaller effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mothers' support behaviors are related to perceived child physical activity, but support is dependent on perception of control, child age, and family income.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria, PO Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N4, Canada. rhodes@uvic.ca.
authors.forename: Ryan E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.affiliation: University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Spence
authors.affiliation: University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.affiliation: University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Faulkner
authors.affiliation: Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Latimer-Cheung
authors.affiliation: Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Attitude; Intention; Parent-child relationship; Parenting; Perceived behavioral control; Theory of planned behavior