title: Timing of deep vein thrombosis formation after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The time period of greatest risk for developing DVT after aSAH is not currently known. aSAH induces a prothrombotic state, which may contribute to DVT formation. Using repeated ultrasound screening, the hypothesis that patients would be at greatest risk for developing DVT in the subacute post-rupture period was tested.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety-eight patients with aSAH admitted to the Oregon Health & Science University Neurosciences Intensive Care Unit between April 2008 and March 2012 were included in a retrospective analysis. Ultrasound screening was performed every 5.2 ± 3.3 days between admission and discharge. The chi-square test was used to compare DVT incidence during different time periods of interest. Patient baseline characteristics as well as stroke severity and hospital complications were evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two (21%) of 198 patients were diagnosed with DVT, and 3 (2%) of 198 patients were symptomatic. Twenty-nine (69%) of the 42 cases of DVT were first detected between Days 3 and 14, compared with 3 cases (7%) detected between Days 0 and 3 and 10 cases (24%) detected after Day 14 (p < 0.05). The postrupture 5-day window of highest risk for DVT development was between Days 5 and 9 (40%, p < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, length of hospital stay and use of mechanical prophylaxis alone were significantly associated with DVT formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DVT formation most commonly occurs in the first 2 weeks following aSAH, with detection in this cohort peaking between Days 5 and 9. Chemoprophylaxis is associated with a significantly lower incidence of DVT.
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Neurology and.|Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Conrad W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Neurology and.
authors.forename: Kimmy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; and.
authors.forename: Jesse J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; and.
authors.forename: Aclan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Neurology and.
authors.forename: Holly E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Hinson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*; D013997:Time Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: DVT = deep vein thrombosis; EVD = external ventricular drain; IQR = interquartile range; SCD = sequential compression device; aSAH = aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; aneurysm; deep vein thrombosis; subarachnoid hemorrhage; vascular disorders