title: CLIMATE CHANGE. Climate change impacts on bumblebees converge across continents.
abstract: For many species, geographical ranges are expanding toward the poles in response to climate change, while remaining stable along range edges nearest the equator. Using long-term observations across Europe and North America over 110 years, we tested for climate change-related range shifts in bumblebee species across the full extents of their latitudinal and thermal limits and movements along elevation gradients. We found cross-continentally consistent trends in failures to track warming through time at species' northern range limits, range losses from southern range limits, and shifts to higher elevations among southern species. These effects are independent of changing land uses or pesticide applications and underscore the need to test for climate impacts at both leading and trailing latitudinal and thermal limits for species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N6N5. jkerr@uottawa.ca.
authors.forename: Jeremy T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N6N5.
authors.forename: Alana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pindar
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galpern
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Packer
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, The University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Simon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Potts
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, The University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Stuart M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rasmont
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schweiger
authors.affiliation: Wildlife Preservation Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sheila R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Colla
authors.affiliation: Gund Institute, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors.forename: Leif L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Peabody Museum of Natural History, Entomology Division, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Lawrence F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Gall
authors.affiliation: University of Alaska Museum, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Derek S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sikes
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Subarctic Agricultural Research Unit, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pantoja
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D057231:Climate Change; D005060:Europe; D053476:Extinction, Biological; D009656:North America; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects; D011157:Population Dynamics
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides