title: A single dose of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine promotes HAV-specific memory cellular response similar to that induced by a natural infection.
abstract: Based on current studies on the effects of single dose vaccines on antibody production, Latin American countries have adopted a single dose vaccine program. However, no data are available on the activation of cellular response to a single dose of hepatitis A. Our study investigated the functional reactivity of the memory cell phenotype after hepatitis A virus (HAV) stimulation through administration of the first or second dose of HAV vaccine and compared the response to that of a baseline group to an initial natural infection. Proliferation assays showed that the first vaccine dose induced HAV-specific cellular response; this response was similar to that induced by a second dose or an initial natural infection. Thus, from the first dose to the second dose, increase in the frequencies of classical memory B cells, TCD8 cells, and central memory TCD4 and TCD8 cells were observed. Regarding cytokine production, increased IL-6, IL-10, TNF, and IFNγ levels were observed after vaccination. Our findings suggest that a single dose of HAV vaccine promotes HAV-specific memory cell response similar to that induced by a natural infection. The HAV-specific T cell immunity induced by primary vaccination persisted independently of the protective plasma antibody level. In addition, our results suggest that a single dose immunization system could serve as an alternative strategy for the prevention of hepatitis A in developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Electronic address: juliana.melgaco@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Juliana Gil
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Melgaço
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil. Electronic address: morgadobiomed@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Lucas Nóbrega
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Morgado
authors.affiliation: Bio-Manguinhos, Laboratório de Tecnologia Diagnóstica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Electronic address: msantiago@bio.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Marta Almeida
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.affiliation: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Electronic address: jackie@ioc.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Jaqueline Mendes de
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Ambulatório de Hepatites Virais, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Electronic address: lialewis.fiocruz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lia Laura
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lewis-Ximenez
authors.affiliation: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Ambulatório de Hepatites Virais, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Electronic address: barbarahasselmann@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bárbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hasselmann
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Programa de Computação Científica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Electronic address: ogcruz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Oswaldo Gonçalves
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Electronic address: marcelop@ioc.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Marcelo Alves
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil. Electronic address: clvitral@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Claudia Lamarca
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Vitral
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008297:Male; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated
keywords: Cellular response; Central memory cells; Effector memory cells; Hepatitis A vaccine; Single dose