title: Pseudomelanosis of the stomach and duodenum: an uncommon endoscopic finding.
abstract: A woman (70-years) with a history of iron deficiency anemia and chronic kidney disease presented with two weeks of abdominal pain. Upper endoscopy demonstrated the gastric and duodenal mucosa was black and speckled consistent with diagnosis of pseudomelanosis. Biopsies showed pigment-laden macrophages in the lamina propria, which stained positive for iron and Masson-Fontana trichrome stain consistent with a "melanin-like" pigment. Although an uncommon endoscopic finding, this pigment has been associated with the use of certain medications, antihypertensives and iron supplements, and systemic illnesses, including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, gastric hemorrhage, and diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: University of South Florida Health, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thure Caire
authors.affiliation: University of South Florida Health, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine.
authors.forename: Shivam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalan
authors.affiliation: University of South Florida Health, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.affiliation: James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gill