title: Factors Associated With Quality of Life in Subjects With Stable COPD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of bronchiectasis, anxiety and depression, and parameters of disease severity on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in subjects with COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two subjects with stable COPD were selected for the study. The presence of bronchiectasis in all subjects with COPD was investigated by high-resolution computed tomography. Pulmonary function tests were performed. Dyspnea was assessed using the Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scale. Psychological disorders were investigated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the HRQOL was examined using the St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  High-resolution computed tomography revealed that 44 of 62 (70.9%) subjects with COPD had bronchiectasis. There were no differences in pulmonary function tests, symptoms, activities, impact, SGRQ total scores, and HADS scores between COPD subjects with and without bronchiectasis. Pearson correlation analyses showed that there was no significant association between the presence of bronchiectasis, bronchial wall thickness, or severity of bronchial dilatation and all subscales of the SGRQ or HADS scores. Additionally, HADS scores showed significant positive association with all subscales of the SGRQ in all subjects. In linear regression analysis, a statistically significant relationship was found between the SGRQ total score and percent-of-predicted FEV1, percent-of-predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, MMRC score, and anxiety score, but the SGRQ total score was not associated with age, body mass index, total number of hospitalizations, PaO2 , or depression score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of bronchiectasis in subjects with COPD does not impact HRQOL and psychological disorders. However, disease severity, dyspnea levels, and anxiety scores predict poor HRQOL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aydanur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ekici
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey. emelbulcun@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bulcun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tulay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karakoc
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erol
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Senturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ekici
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D001987:Bronchiectasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011653:Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011859:Radiography; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014797:Vital Capacity
keywords: anxiety; bronchiectasis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); depression; health-related quality of life (HRQOL)