title: Species and distribution of inorganic and organic phosphorus in enhanced phosphorus removal aerobic granular sludge.
abstract: The species and distribution of phosphorus (P) in an enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR)-aerobic granular sludge (AGS) were fractionated and further analyzed. Results showed that microbial cells, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and mineral precipitates contributed about 73.7%, 17.6% and 5.3-6.4% to the total P (TP) of EBPR-AGS, respectively. Inorganic P (IP) species were orthophosphate, pyrophosphate and polyphosphate among which polyphosphate was the major P species in the AGS, cells and EPS. Monoester and diester phosphates were identified as the organic P (OP) species in the AGS and cells. Hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH) and calcium phosphate (Ca2(PO4)3) were the dominant P minerals accumulated in the core of the granules. Cells along with polyphosphate were mainly in the outer layer of AGS while EPS were distributed in the whole granules. Based on the above results, the distribution of IP and OP species in AGS has been conceived.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Wenli
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Huifang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Zhongfang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan. Electronic address: zhang.zhenya.fu@u.tsukuba.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Zhenya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Joo Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Duu-Jong
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000032:analysis; D007287:Inorganic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001704:Biopolymers; D007287:Inorganic Chemicals; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012722:Sewage; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Aerobic granules; Enhanced biological phosphorus removal; P species; Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance ((31)P NMR)