title: The role of GRIK4 gene in treatment-resistant depression.
abstract: Several lines of evidence implicate abnormalities in glutamatergic neural transmission in major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment response. A high percentage of MDD patients do not respond adequately to antidepressants and are classified as having treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this study we investigated five GRIK4 variants, previously associated with antidepressants response, in an Italian cohort of 247 MDD no-TRD and 380 TRD patients. We found an association between rs11218030 G allele and TRD. Moreover, significant associations between rs11218030 and rs1954787 and the presence of psychotic symptoms were observed. In conclusion, our data support the involvement of GRIK4 in TRD and in the risk of developing psychotic symptoms during depressive episodes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology,Sackler Faculty of Medicine,Tel Aviv University,Tel Aviv 69978,Israel.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Milanesi
authors.affiliation: Genetic Unit,IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli,Brescia,Italy.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonvicini
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine,University of Brescia,Brescia,Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Congiu
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Hospital "Villa Santa Chiara",Verona,Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bortolomasi
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Hospital "Villa Santa Chiara",Verona,Italy.
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gainelli
authors.affiliation: Genetic Unit,IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli,Brescia,Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gennarelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine,University of Brescia,Brescia,Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D061218:Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors; C514872:GRIK4 protein, human