title: Cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties of the Arabic version of the Fall Efficacy Scale International.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To translate the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) into Arabic according to the World Health Organization`s (WHO) criteria and to evaluate the concurrent validity of the FES-I in persons living with balance and vestibular disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional descriptive study included 43 persons with balance and vestibular disorders presenting to an outpatient dizziness center at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between June 2012 and May 2013. All participants completed the Arabic version of the FES-I and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) during their assessment with the clinical audiologist. In addition, subjects completed the Dynamic Gait Index 4-item (DGI-4) gait test. An additional 55 control participants also completed the Arabic FES-I, the DGI-4, and the Arabic DHI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three participants with vestibular disorders (36 females, 7 males) with a mean age of 32 years (standard deviation (SD) 10 years, range 18-56 years) and 55 control participants (27 females, 28 males) with a mean age of 33, (SD-12), and age range of 18-78 participated. The correlation between the Arabic FES-I and the Arabic DHI was 0.75 in patients and 0.77 in control participants. The correlation between the Arabic FES-I and the DGI-4 was r=-0.30 (p=0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Arabic FES-I has established concurrent validity and may be helpful for measuring an individual`s concern of falling in people with vestibular and balance disorders.
authors.affiliation: The Rehabilitation Research Chair, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmad H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Alghadir
authors.forename: Murad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Momani
authors.forename: Gregory F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Whitney
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D004244:Dizziness / Q000145:classification*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004856:Postural Balance; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012720:Severity of Illness Index