title: [Revaluation of the concept of developmental abnormality: the importance of faulty perinatal imprinting].
abstract: The classic definition of developmental abnormalities referred to malformations observed at birth. Later the functional teratogenicity was also recognized and accepted, which can be revealed in functional abnormalities caused by harms during the intrauterine development and can be manifested at any time of life. However, the ontogeny is not closed with the birth, because some systems or organs are developing for a long time after it, and can be influenced by different factors. From this aspect the perinatal period is especially important when the mutual adjustment of the receptor-hormone system is taking place and the hormonal imprinting develops. If this is faulty, it influences the hormone binding capacity of receptors that has consequences for life. The faulty hormonal imprinting is functionally teratogen; it provokes a fault up to the level of a malformation and aggravated with its heredity to the progenies. False imprinting is provoked (in animal experiments, proportioning to human doses) by drugs acting at receptor level, as oxytocin, steroid hormone analogues (pregnancy protectors, oral contraceptives, surfactants), vitamin A and D, environmental pollutant endocrine disruptors (benzpyrene, bisphenol A, pesticides, herbicides) and certain soybean components, etc. From this aspect these are functional teratogens, and their evasion in prevention as well as therapy seems to be vital. This means that the concept of developmental abnormality must be broadened, as developmental abnormalities: 1.) can originate not only in the intrauterine period, but also perinatally or even later, 2.) it can be manifested at any time of life, 3.) it can be present in a latent form which can be activated by inner or outer environmental factors, 4.) the faulty hormonal imprinting is a teratogen factor.
authors.affiliation: Genetikai, Sejt- és Immunbiológiai Intézet, Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar 1445 Budapest, Pf. 370.
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Csaba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002657:Child Development; D003210:Concept Formation; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D013723:Teratogens
chemical_list: D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006728:Hormones; D013723:Teratogens
keywords: developmental anomalies; epigenetics; epigenetika; faulty imprinting; hibás imprinting; hormonal imprinting; hormonális imprinting; kóros fejlődés; teratogenicity; teratogenitás