title: Effect of a β-Hydroxyphosphonate Analogue of ʟ-Carnitine on Insulin-Sensitive and Insulin-Resistant 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.
abstract: This study investigated the effect of a β-x200B;hydroxyphosphonate analog of ʟ-carnitine (L-CA) (CAS number: 1220955-x200B;20-3, Component: 1221068-91-2, C12H29NO4PI), (3-Hexanaminium, 1-(dimethoxyphosphinyl)-2-hydroxy-N,N,N,5-x200B;tetramethy-iodide (1:1), (2R, 3S)) on parameters related with type-2 diabetes in an in vitro model. Nontoxic concentrations of L-CA were assayed and compared to commercial ʟ-carnitine effects. L-CA did not affect adipogenesis in normal cells, but an increment of TG accumulation was observed on insulin-resistant adipocytes (80%) when compared with resistant control. L-CA also stimulated glucose analog 2-NBDG uptakes on insulin-resistant adipocytes in a similar way as insulin when compared to insulin-resistant cells. Our results show that the L-CA promoted insulin-like responses on insulin-resistant adipocytes without appreciable pro-adipogenic effect in sensitive adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autx00F3;noma de Querx00E9;taro, Queretaro, Qro., Mexico.
authors.forename: Anaguiven
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avalos-Soriano
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De la Cruz-Cordero
authors.forename: Francisco Josue
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: López-Martínez
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rosado
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Duarte-Vázquez
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Garcia-Gasca
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002331:Carnitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan; C098340:2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose; D002331:Carnitine