title: A novel method to analyze hepatotoxic components in Polygonum multiflorum using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
abstract: Polygonum multiflorum, called Heshouwu in China, is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat various diseases. However, the administration of P. multiflorum (PM) and P. multiflorum Praeparata (PMP) causes numerous adverse effects. This study sought to analyze the toxic components of PM using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), and their hepatotoxicity in L02 human liver cells. Toxicity was evaluated by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, and liver enzyme secretion (aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) assays. Furthermore, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, Progenesis QI, and Makerlynx XS software analyses were used to differentiate extracts and analyze the toxic components. The order of toxicity was P. multiflorum ethanol extract (PME)>P. multiflorum water extract (PMW)>P. multiflorum Praeparata ethanol extract (PMPE)>P. multiflorum Praeparata water extract (PMPW), which was determined by MTT assay, LDH leakage, and liver enzyme secretion levels. The analysis methods suggest that PM toxicity may be associated with anthraquinone, emodin-O-(malonyl)-hex, emodin-O-glc, emodin, emodin-8-O-glc, emodin-O-(acetyl)-hex, and emodin-O-hex-sulphate. The toxic mechanisms of these components require further study.
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Longfei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Boran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xingbin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Modern Research Center for TCM, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Changhai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. Electronic address: njtcm@263.net.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ni
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D000068676:Fallopia multiflora / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Hepatotoxicity; Polygonum multiflorum; Polygonum multiflorum Praeparata; Toxicity; UPLC-Q-TOF/MS