title: Frontofacial Monobloc Advancement With Simultaneous Frontal Cranioplasty in Adolescents With Residual Apert Syndrome Deformations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The treatment of faciocraniosynostosis has steadily evolved since the introduction of craniofacial surgery in the 1950s. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the positive results obtained by frontofacial monobloc advancement with simultaneous frontal cranioplasty in adolescents with adult facial bones and residual Apert syndrome deformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three adolescents underwent surgery between September 1, 2010 and March 31, 2011. All had faciocraniosynostosis in the context of Apert syndrome and had undergone brain decompression surgery during the first year of life. However, they presented intracranial hypertension. The authors carried out frontofacial monobloc advancement with internal distraction and frontal cranioplasty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean frontal advancement was 13.8 mm. The mean maxillary advancement was 16.3 mm. About exorbitism, 2 patients had grade III and 1 had grade I before surgery. After monobloc advancement, 2 patients had no exorbitism and 1 had grade I. About dental occlusion, 3 patients had class III before surgery and were overcorrected in class II after advancement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frontofacial monobloc advancement yields satisfactory functional and esthetic results in these cases. In conclusion, simultaneous frontofacial monobloc advancement and cranioplasty appears to be a promising technique for the treatment of adolescents with residual craniofacial deformations.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Plastic Facial Surgery †Department of Paediatric Maxillo-facial ‡Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Clocheville Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tours, François Rabelais University, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laure
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joly
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moret
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Travers
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Listrat
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goga
mesh_terms: D000168:Acrocephalosyndactylia / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D003394:Craniofacial Dysostosis / Q000601:surgery; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D056739:Pterygopalatine Fossa / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000601:surgery; D015050:Zygoma / Q000601:surgery