title: Short-term cold acclimation improves insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Cold exposure may be a potential therapy for diabetes by increasing brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass and activity. Here we report that 10 d of cold acclimation (14-15 °C) increased peripheral insulin sensitivity by ∼43% in eight type 2 diabetes subjects. Basal skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation markedly increased, without effects on insulin signaling or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and only a minor increase in BAT glucose uptake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark J W
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hanssen
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joris
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoeks
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Boudewijn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brans
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anouk A J J
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van der Lans
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schaart
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: José J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: van den Driessche
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johanna A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jörgensen
authors.affiliation: Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Boekschoten
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Matthijs K C
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hesselink
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Havekes
authors.affiliation: Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sander
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kersten
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands. [2] Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Felix M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mottaghy
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wouter D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: van Marken Lichtenbelt
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schrauwen
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism; D000368:Aged; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; C495692:SLC2A4 protein, human; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose