title: Review of nut phytochemicals, fat-soluble bioactives, antioxidant components and health effects.
abstract: The levels of phytochemicals (total phenols, proanthocyanidins, gallic acid + gallotannins, ellagic acid + ellagitannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes and phytates), fat-soluble bioactives (lipid, tocols, phytosterols, sphingolipids, carotenoids, chlorophylls and alkyl phenols) as well as natural antioxidants (nutrient and non-nutrient) present in commonly consumed twelve nuts (almond, Brazil nut, cashew, chestnut, hazelnut, heartnut, macadamia, peanut, pecan, pine nut, pistachio and walnut) are compared and reported. Recent studies adding new evidence for the health benefits of nuts are also discussed. Research findings from over 112 references, many of which have been published within last 10 years, have been compiled and reported.
authors.affiliation: TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Centre, Food Institute,PO Box 21,41470Gebze, Kocaeli,Turkey.
authors.forename: Cesarettin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alasalvar
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science,University of Wisconsin-Madison,1605 Linden Dr.,Madison,WI53706,USA.
authors.forename: Bradley W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Bolling
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009754:Nuts / Q000737:chemistry*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry; D012306:Risk; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D064209:Phytochemicals
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Bioactives; Health effects; Natural antioxidants; Nuts; Phytochemicals