title: Two-dimensional magnetotransport in a black phosphorus naked quantum well.
abstract: Black phosphorus (bP) is the second known elemental allotrope with a layered crystal structure that can be mechanically exfoliated to atomic layer thickness. Unlike metallic graphite and semi-metallic graphene, bP is a semiconductor in both bulk and few-layer form. Here we fabricate bP-naked quantum wells in a back-gated field effect transistor geometry with bP thicknesses ranging from 6±1 nm to 47±1 nm. Using a polymer encapsulant, we suppress bP oxidation and observe field effect mobilities up to 900 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and on/off current ratios exceeding 10(5). Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations observed in magnetic fields up to 35 T reveal a 2D hole gas with Schrödinger fermion character in a surface accumulation layer. Our work demonstrates that 2D electronic structure and 2D atomic structure are independent. 2D carrier confinement can be achieved without approaching atomic layer thickness, advantageous for materials that become increasingly reactive in the few-layer limit such as bP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, 3480 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2A7, Canada.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tayari
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, 3480 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2A7, Canada.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hemsworth
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, 3480 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2A7, Canada.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fakih
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Université de Montréal, 2900 boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Favron
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, 2900 boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaufrès
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gervais
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 2900 boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.identifier: 0000000290214656
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, 3480 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2A7, Canada.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szkopek