title: Distribution and enrichment of trace metals in marine sediments from the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic, off the Coast of Ghana in the Gulf of Guinea.
abstract: We present results of a preliminary geochemical assessment of Cd, Pb, V, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mg, Al, K, Ca, and Fe in marine sediments from the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic, off the Coast of Ghana. Samples were taken along 4 regions G1, G2, G3 and G4 at approximately 25m, 100m, and 250m, 500m and 1000m depths. Elemental compositions were assessed through the estimation of Al-normalized enrichment factors and geochemical accumulation indices, and the concentrations determined to produce any potential toxic effects to biota. Significant enrichment of the bottom sediments with Cd, Ni and As were observed at some locations with sediments showing signs of heavy pollution with As at region G4. Apart from Ni, V and As which were beyond threshold effects levels at most regions, all other metals were below probable effect levels. Both natural and anthropogenic processes controlled trace metal accumulation and distribution in the Ghanaian coastal environment.
authors.affiliation: University of Ghana, Ghana; Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, CA, United States. Electronic address: edemmahu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Edem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mahu
authors.affiliation: University of Ghana, Ghana.
authors.forename: Elvis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nyarko
authors.affiliation: Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hulme
authors.affiliation: Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Kenneth H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Coale
mesh_terms: D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005869:Ghana; D016701:Guinea; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Eastern Equatorial Atlantic; Enrichment; Ghana; Sediments; Trace metals