title: Swim training and the genetic expression of adipokines in monosodium glutamate-treated obese rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic expression of adipokines in the adipocytes of monosodium glutamate (MSG)-treated obese rats submitted to physical activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obesity was induced by neonatal MSG administration. Exercised rats (MSG and control) were subjected to swim training for 30 min for 10 weeks, whereas their respective controls remained sedentary. Total RNA was obtained from sections of the mesenteric adipose tissue of the rats. mRNA levels of adiponectin (Adipoq), tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnf), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Ppara), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg) adipokines were quantified by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the exercise-trained control group, the expression of Adipoq increased compared to the sedentary control, which was not observed in the MSG-obese rats. Increased levels of Tnf in MSG-obese rats were not reversed by the swim training. The expression of Ppara was higher in sedentary MSG-obese rats compared to the sedentary control. Swimming increased this adipokine expression in the exercise-trained control rats compared to the sedentary ones. mRNA levels of Pparg were higher in the sedentary MSG-rats compared to the sedentary control; however, the exercise did not influenced its expression in the groups analyzed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, regular physical activity was not capable to correct the expression of proinflammatory adipokines in MSG-obese rat adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Vinicius
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Svidnicki
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, UEPG, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nayara Carvalho
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo Ricardo
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Vicari
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mara Cristina de
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto Ferreira
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Artoni
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, UEPG, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovani Marino
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Favero
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, UEPG, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grassiolli
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Viviane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nogaroto
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005421:Flavoring Agents; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012970:Sodium Glutamate; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D005421:Flavoring Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012970:Sodium Glutamate