title: Elevated oxidative stress among coronary artery disease patients on statin therapy: A cross sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Statins are a major group of drugs that reduces LDL-C levels, which are proven to have other beneficial effects such as preventing coronary events. The objective of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress and select novel coronary artery disease risk factors among coronary artery disease patients on statins.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this observational, cross-sectional study, we compared total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid, malondialdehyde and oxidized LDL among male coronary artery disease patients on statin therapy (group 2, n = 151) with sex-matched, diabetic patients (group 3, n = 80) as well as healthy controls (group 1, n = 84).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower among subjects of group 2 compared to other two groups. The novel risk factors studied did not differ significantly between groups, except for a higher homocysteine level among group 2 subjects compared to the other two groups. Elevated oxidative stress, indicated by lower reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and ascorbic acid as well as higher malondialdehyde and oxidized LDL was observed among group 2 subjects. Triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, ascorbic acid and malondialdehyde were found to be independent predictors for coronary artery disease among this study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Though coronary artery disease subjects had healthy lipid profile, oxidative stress, a recognized risk factor for coronary events, was still elevated among this patient group. Novel risk factors were not found to be major predictors for coronary artery disease among the study subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Amrita School of Medicine, Kochi 682041, India. Electronic address: sabitha.palazhy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sabitha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palazhy
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi 682041, India.
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kamath
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Amrita School of Medicine, Kochi 682041, India.
authors.forename: Damodaran M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Vasudevan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Coronary artery disease; Lipid profile; Novel risk factors; Oxidative stress; Statins