title: Two sides of one coin: massive hepatic necrosis and progenitor cell-mediated regeneration in acute liver failure.
abstract: Massive hepatic necrosis is a key event underlying acute liver failure, a serious clinical syndrome with high mortality. Massive hepatic necrosis in acute liver failure has unique pathophysiological characteristics including extremely rapid parenchymal cell death and removal. On the other hand, massive necrosis rapidly induces the activation of liver progenitor cells, the so-called "second pathway of liver regeneration." The final clinical outcome of acute liver failure depends on whether liver progenitor cell-mediated regeneration can efficiently restore parenchymal mass and function within a short time. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding massive hepatic necrosis and liver progenitor cell-mediated regeneration in patients with acute liver failure, the two sides of one coin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Hong-Lei
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany ; Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Hospital Homburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liebe
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tai-Ling
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: acute liver failure; acute-on-chronic liver failure; liver progenitor cell; liver regeneration; massive hepatic necrosis