title: Treatment of high-strength wastewater by Fe(2+)-activated persulphate and hydrogen peroxide.
abstract: Ferrous ion-activated persulphate and hydrogen peroxide were studied for the treatment of real high-strength industrial effluent. The Fenton process demonstrated greater organic load removal, biodegradability improvement and toxicity reduction as well as lower treatment cost than the activated persulphate system. However, the use of an activated persulphate process was more favourable due to the exothermic effect intrinsic to the Fenton reaction, which resulted in a rapid increase in the temperature of the high-strength wastewater along with excessive foam formation. Overall, for the H2O2/Fe(2+) and [Formula: see text] processes, the application of a chemical oxygen demand (COD)/oxidant/Fe(2+) weight ratio of 1/0.4/0.075 resulted in a COD removal of 58 and 50%, a 7-day biochemical oxygen demand/COD ratio increase from 0.14 to 0.3 and 0.23, and an increase in the EC50 (Daphnia magna) by 6.5-fold and 2.9-fold, respectively. The stepwise addition of the oxidant and activator was favourable for the Fenton process and resulted in negligible improvement in the wastewater treatment efficacy in the activated persulphate system.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kattel
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dulova
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viisimaa
authors.affiliation: b Department of Chemistry , University of Tartu , Ravila 14a, Tartu 50411 , Estonia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tenno
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trapido
mesh_terms: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; D013431:Sulfates; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Fenton process; acute toxicity; ferrous ion-activated persulphate; sulphate radical; wastewater treatment