title: Quantification of the Demands During an Ice-Hockey Game Based on Intensity Zones Determined From the Incremental Test Outcomes.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine ice-hockey players' playing intensity based on their heart rates (HRs) recorded during a game and on the outcomes of an incremental maximum oxygen uptake test. Sixteen ice-hockey players, members of the Polish national team junior (U20), performed an incremental test to assess their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in the 2 week's period preceding 4 games they played at the World Championships. Players' HRs at the first and second ventilatory thresholds obtained during the test were used to determine intensity zones (low, moderate, and high) that were subsequently used to classify HR values recorded during each of the games. For individual intensity zones, the following HRs expressed as mean values and as percentages of the maximal heart rate (HRmax) were obtained: forwards, 143-151 b · min(-1) (HRmax, 75.2-79.5%), 152-176 b · min(-1) (HRmax, 80.0-92.4%), 177-190 b · min(-1) (HRmax, 92.9-100.0%); defensemen, 127-139 b · min(-1) (HRmax, 69.4-75.8%), 140-163 b · min(-1) (HRmax, 76.4-89.0%), 164-184 b · min(-1) (HRmax, 89.5-100.0%). The amounts of time the forwards and defensemen spent in the 3 intensity zones expressed as percentages of the total time of the game were the following: 58.75% vs. 44.29% (low), 21.95% vs. 25.84% (moderate), and 19.30% vs. 29.87% (high). The forwards spent average more time in the low-intensity zone than did the defensemen, with the difference being statistically significant in periods 1 and 2 (61.44% vs. 44.21% at p ≤ 0.001 and 59.14% vs. 47.23% at p ≤ 0.01, respectively). The results of the study indicate that a method using aerobic and anaerobic metabolism parameters to determine intensity zones can significantly improve the reliability of evaluation of the physiological demands of the game and can be a useful tool for coaches in managing the training process.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Sports Training, Chair of Statistics, Methodology and Informatics, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland; 2Department of Physical Education, State School of Higher Education, Oświęcim, Poland; 3Department of Physiotherapy, Section of Anatomy, The University School of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland; 4Department of Theory and Methodology of Athletics, Section of Theory and Methodology of Athletics, The University School of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland; and 5Doctoral Courses, Department of Sports Training, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Arkadiusz J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Stanula
authors.forename: Tomasz T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Gabryś
authors.forename: Robert K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Roczniok
authors.forename: Urszula B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Szmatlan-Gabryś
authors.forename: Mariusz J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ozimek
authors.forename: Aleksandra J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mostowik
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate; D006688:Hockey / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult