title: Moderate red wine consumption is associated with a lower prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the PREDIMED population.
abstract: Previous studies on the association between alcohol intake and the development of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have yielded inconsistent results. Besides, few studies have analysed the effects of red wine (RW) consumption on the prevalence of the MetS and its components. As moderate RW drinkers have a better lipid profile and lower incidence rates of diabetes, hypertension and abdominal obesity, all components of the MetS, it was hypothesised that moderate RW consumption could be associated with a lower prevalence of the MetS. In the present cross-sectional study of 5801 elderly participants at a high cardiovascular risk included in the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) study, 3897 fulfilled the criteria of the MetS at baseline. RW intake was recorded using a validated 137-item FFQ. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to estimate the association between RW intake and the prevalence of the MetS. Compared with non-drinkers, moderate RW drinkers (≥ 1 drink/d) were found to have a reduced risk of prevalent MetS (OR 0.56, 95 % CI 0.45, 0.68; P < 0.001), a lower risk of having an abnormal waist circumference (OR 0.59, 95 % CI 0.46, 0.77; P < 0.001), low HDL-cholesterol concentrations (OR 0.42, 95 % CI 0.32, 0.53; P < 0.001), high blood pressure (OR 0.28, 95 % CI 0.17, 0.45; P < 0.001) and high fasting plasma glucose concentrations (OR 0.67, 95 % CI 0.54, 0.82; P < 0.001) after adjusting for several confounders. This association was found to be stronger in female participants, in participants aged < 70 years and in participants who were former or current smokers. No significant association was found between RW intake (≥ 1 drink/d) and TAG concentrations. In conclusion, moderate RW consumption is associated with a lower prevalence of the MetS in an elderly Mediterranean population at a high cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Food Science Department, XaRTA, INSA, Pharmacy School, University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tresserra-Rimbau
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Medina-Remón
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Food Science Department, XaRTA, INSA, Pharmacy School, University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lamuela-Raventós
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bulló
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salas-Salvadó
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corella
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fitó
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health,School of Medicine, University of Navarra,Pamplona,Spain.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gea
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gómez-Gracia
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lapetra
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arós
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fiol
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Emili
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Serra-Majem
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pintó
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Division Catalan Institute of Health,Barcelona,Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: CIBER CB06/03 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn),Spain.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Estruch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D027843:Vitis / Q000378:metabolism; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D010860:Pigments, Biological
keywords: Alcohol; Metabolic syndrome; Red wine