title: Immunoassay analysis of proteins in gingival crevicular fluid samples from resorbing teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To carry out an immunoassay analysis of biomarkers expressed in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) with the main goal of finding a useful diagnostic pattern to distinguish between resorbing deciduous teeth and nonresorbing controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A split-mouth design was used in this study with a total of 22 GCF samples collected from 11 patients in the mixed dentition. For each child, one deciduous molar with radiographic evidence of root resorption was used as the test tooth whereas the contralateral first permanent molar with formed roots was used as the control tooth. Samples were processed with immunoassays using a panel of selected biomarkers including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and dentin sialoprotein (DSP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in levels of IL-1b, OPG, and MMP-9 between test and control sites (P > .05). IL-1RA was the only biomarker to show a significant down-regulation (P  =  .04) in GCF samples collected from resorbing teeth. RANKL data showed a heavily skewed distribution and was deemed unreliable. Only one deciduous GCF sample had detectable levels of DSP; therefore, no further statistical calculation was applicable because of the limited amount of data for this biomarker.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated that IL1-RA is down-regulated in GCF from resorbing primary molars, thus suggesting this cytokine as a potential analyte to be included in a panel that can discriminate between resorbing and nonresorbing teeth.
authors.affiliation: a  Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.
authors.forename: Wellington J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Rody
authors.affiliation: b  Laboratory Assistant, Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, Canada.
authors.forename: Manjula
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wijegunasinghe
authors.affiliation: c  Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.
authors.forename: L Shannon
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Holliday
authors.affiliation: d  Associate Professor, Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: McHugh
authors.affiliation: e  Associate Professor, Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.
authors.forename: Shannon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wallet
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry*; D002648:Child; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000737:chemistry*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000737:chemistry; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000737:chemistry; D008963:Molar; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000737:chemistry; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000737:chemistry; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry; D000099311:Dentin Sialophosphoprotein
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D000099311:Dentin Sialophosphoprotein; C508585:IL1B protein, human; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human; C579270:MMP9 protein, human
keywords: Biomarkers; GCF; Microarray; Root resorption