title: Assessing viability of extracorporeal preserved muscle transplants using external field stimulation: a novel tool to improve methods prolonging bridge-to-transplantation time.
abstract: Preventing ischemia-related cell damage is a priority when preserving tissue for transplantation. Perfusion protocols have been established for a variety of applications and proven to be superior to procedures used in clinical routine. Extracorporeal perfusion of muscle tissue though cumbersome is highly desirable since it is highly susceptible to ischemia-related damage. To show the efficacy of different perfusion protocols external field stimulation can be used to immediately visualize improvement or deterioration of the tissue during active and running perfusion protocols. This method has been used to show the superiority of extracorporeal perfusion using porcine rectus abdominis muscles perfused with heparinized saline solution. Perfused muscles showed statistically significant higher ability to exert force compared to nonperfused ones. These findings can be confirmed using Annexin V as marker for cell damage, perfusion of muscle tissue limits damage significantly compared to nonperfused tissue. The combination of extracorporeal perfusion and external field stimulation may improve organ conservation research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Christian D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Taeger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, St. Georg Hospital, Leipzig.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dragu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weigand
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Frieder
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hobe
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drechsler
authors.affiliation: Chair of Pathology and Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Carol I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Geppert
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arkudas
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Cardiac Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Münch
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buchholz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pollmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schramm
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Birkholz
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Raymund E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Horch
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Präbst
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011309:Preservation, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains