title: The Role of Family on Hookah Smoking Initiation in Women: A Qualitative Study.
abstract: Hookah smoking has recently emerged as a popular alternative to cigarette smoking particularly among young adults and women. This study focused on the role of family members' smoking behaviours as a possible risk factor for initiation of hookah smoking in women. 36 in-depth interviews were conducted with Iranian women of diverse ages for understanding the factors contributing to the initiation of hookah smoking. Four main themes were identified from the data. This study focused on the role of family as a facilitator for hookah smoking initiation. The results of this study indicate that the entry of hookah into homes can be effective in the spread of hookah smoking among adult and young women, in three ways: Girls' participation in the preparation of hookah and the frequent observation of people who smoke hookah at home can be effective in hookah smoking initiation among young girls; the husband of a young woman has an important role in the initiation of smoking hookah; when parents invite children to smoke hookah at home, in order to protect them against public censure, the mother (a middle aged woman) may intend to start smoking hookah. Therefore, tobacco use prevention interventions should be focused on targeting the family as well.
authors.forename: Azam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baheiraei
authors.affiliation: . shahbazishirin@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Shirin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahbazi Sighaldeh
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ebadi
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Majdzadeh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012907:Smoking; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult