title: Endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide II in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Relation to micro-vascular complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II) is a multifunctional polypeptide with proinflammatory and antiangiogenic activity. Hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia appears to be significant factors contributing to increased EMAP-II levels. We determined serum EMAP II in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes as a potential marker for micro-vascular complications and assessed its relation to inflammation and glycemic control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of micro-vascular complications and compared with 40 healthy controls. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and EMAP II levels were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum EMAP II levels were significantly increased in patients with micro-vascular complications (1539 ± 321.5 pg/mL) and those without complications (843.6 ± 212.6 pg/mL) compared with healthy controls (153.3 ± 28.3 pg/mL; p<0.001). EMAP II was increased in patients with microalbuminuria than normoalbuminuric group (p<0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between EMAP II levels and body mass index, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, serum creatinine, triglycerides, total cholesterol, urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) and hs-CRP (p<0.05). A cutoff value of EMAP II at 1075 pg/mL could differentiate diabetic patients with and without micro-vascular complications with a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 82%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that EMAP II is elevated in type 1 diabetic patients, particularly those with micro-vascular complications. EMAP II levels are related to inflammation, glycemic control, albuminuria level of patients and the risk of micro-vascular complications.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt. Electronic address: amiradiabetes@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Amira A M
authors.initials: AAM
authors.lastname: Adly
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Eman A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Lamis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Tawfik
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fatma S E
authors.initials: FSE
authors.lastname: Ebeid
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Asmaa A S
authors.initials: AAS
authors.lastname: Hassan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000652:urine; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D012372:ROC Curve
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D016207:Cytokines; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C077219:small inducible cytokine subfamily E, member 1
keywords: EMAP II; Micro-vascular complications; Type 1 diabetes