title: The effect of different concentrations of topical ozone administration on bone formation in orthopedically expanded suture in rats.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of ozone (O3) therapy on bone regeneration in response to an expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture in rats.
  
  
  
  Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12). In groups I, II, and III, 1ml of O3 at 10, 25, and 40 µg/ml was injected at the premaxillary suture, respectively. In group IV (control group), 1ml of saline solution was injected at the same point during the expansion procedure for 5 days. Bone regeneration in the suture was evaluated histomorphometrically. The area of new bone and fibrotic area, the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and the amount of vascularity were measured and compared. The density of the newly formed bone in the expansion area was measured by using cone beam computed tomography. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls tests.
  
  
  
  New bone area, fibrotic area, osteoblast and osteoclast numbers, and the amount of vascularity were significantly higher in experimental groups compared with the control group (P < 0.001). The density of newly formed bone (P < 0.001), new bone formation (P = 0.009), number of capillaries (P < 0.001), number of osteoclasts (P = 0.016), and number of osteoblasts (P < 0.001) in the maxillary sutures were highest in the 25 μg/ml O3 group compared with the other experimental groups and control group.
  
  
  
  The application of O3 therapy can stimulate bone regeneration in an orthopedically expanded inter-premaxillary suture during both the expansion and retention periods.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey, sk_buyuk@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: S Kutalmış
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Buyuk
authors.affiliation: **Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey and.
authors.forename: Sabri Ilhan
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Ramoglu
authors.affiliation: ***Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Fatih
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Sonmez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010126:Ozone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D010126:Ozone