title: An evaluation of low back pain among female brick field workers of West Bengal, India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among brick field workers and to explore attributed causes of LBP, investigate the relationship between LBP and psychophysical and psychosocial factors and measure the impact of LBP.
  
  
  METHODS
  A modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorder Questionnaire along with Body Part Discomfort scale were administered to brick field workers (N = 148). Working posture of the participants was assessed using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study showed that 70 % of the female workers reported LBP due to awkward working posture for prolonged period of time. This was mainly reported by brick moulders. 45 % reported LBP due to manual material handling (MMH) and 40 % due to awkward lifting of heavy objects (brick). The study shows that the LBP is more prevalent (OR 1.59 and 95 % CI 0.411-6.207). 78 % of the female workers want the job rotation to relieve from their job monotony.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LBP occurred among female workers due to awkward posture, repetitive work and MMH. This study also stated that psychosocial cause of LBP is inadequacy income, monotony work, job dissatisfaction. Working posture analysis REBA suggests that all the working postures are high-risk level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, South Calcutta Girls' College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700025, India, dr.banibrata@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Banibrata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D060389:Construction Industry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011187:Posture; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult