title: [Adaptation and Evaluation of the Incontinence Care Protocol].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to develop an evidence-based incontinence care protocol through an adaptation process and to evaluate the effects of the protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  The protocol was developed according to the guideline of adaptation. A non-randomized controlled trial was used for testing the effects of the new Incontinence Care Protocol. A total of 120 patients having bowel incontinence with Bristol stool type 5, 6, and 7 and admitted to intensive care units were recruited to this study. The newly developed incontinence care protocol was used with patients in the experimental group and conventional skin care was given to patients in the control group. Outcome variables were incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) severity, pressure ulcer occurrence and severity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The experimental group had significantly less severe IAD (t=6.69, p<.001), lower occurrence of pressure ulcers (χ²=7.35, p=.007), and less severity of pressure ulcers (Mann-Whitney=86.00, p=.009) than the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of this incontinence care protocol has the effects of preventing pressure ulcers and inhibiting worsening of IAD and pressure ulcers. Therefore, this incontinence care protocol is expected to contribute to managing IAD and pressure ulcers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea. hjchoi98@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Heejung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000473:pathology; D055318:Evidence-Based Nursing / Q000592:standards*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017592:Skin Care; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: Dermatitis; Evidence-based nursing; Fecal incontinence; Practice guideline; Pressure ulcer