title: Can arbuscular mycorrhiza and fertilizer management reduce phosphorus runoff from paddy fields?
abstract: Our study sought to assess how much phosphorus (P) runoff from paddy fields could be cut down by fertilizer management and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. A field experiment was conducted in Lalin River basin, in the northeast China: six nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer levels were provided (0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of the recommended fertilizer supply), with or without inoculation with Glomus mosseae. The volume and concentrations of particle P (PP) and dissolved P (DP) were measured for each runoff during the rice growing season. It was found that the seasonal P runoff, including DP and PP, under the local fertilization was 3.7 kg/ha, with PP, rather than DP, being the main form of P in runoff water. Additionally, the seasonal P runoff dropped only by 8.9% when fertilization decreased by 20%; rice yields decreased with declining fertilization. We also found that inoculation increased rice yields and decreased P runoff at each fertilizer level and these effects were lower under higher fertilization. Conclusively, while rice yields were guaranteed arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and fertilizer management would play a key role in reducing P runoff from paddy fields.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: zhangshujuan525@sina.com.
authors.forename: Shujuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: wli@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: mafang@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Shiyang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000378:metabolism*; D012275:Oryza; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus
keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Fertilizer; Paddy fields; Phosphorus runoff; Rice