title: Evaluating the microbicidal, antiparasitic and antitumor effects of CR-LAAO from Calloselasma rhodostoma venom.
abstract: CR-LAAO is an L-amino acid oxidase from Calloselasma rhodostoma snake venom that has been broadly studied regarding its structural and biochemical characteristics, however, few studies have investigated its pharmacological effects. The present study aimed at the evaluation of the biotechnological potential of CR-LAAO by determining its bactericidal, antifungal, leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activity, as well as its cytotoxicity on human tumor and non-tumor cell lines. After 24 h of preincubation, CR-LAAO showed bactericidal effects against both Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 0.78 μg/mL) and Escherichia coli (MIC 31.25 μg/mL) strains, inducing dismantle of bacterial cell walls. After 6 h of preincubation with Candida albicans, CR-LAAO was able to inhibit 80% of the yeast growth, and it also showed cytotoxic activity on Leishmania species and Trypanosoma cruzi. Additionally, CR-LAAO showed high cytotoxicity on HepG2 and HL-60 tumor cells (IC50 10.78 and 1.7 μg/mL), with lower effects on human mononuclear cells (PBMC). The cytotoxic effects of CR-LAAO were significantly inhibited in the presence of catalase, which suggests the involvement of hydrogen peroxide in its mechanisms of toxicity. Therefore, CR-LAAO showed promising pharmacological effects, and these results provide important information for the development of therapeutic strategies with directed action, such as more effective antimicrobial agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: tassiarc@fcfrp.usp.br.
authors.forename: Tássia R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danilo L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Menaldo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cássio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prinholato da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista, Unesp, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sorrechia
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Albuquerque
authors.affiliation: Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista, Unesp, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosemeire C L R
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Pietro
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghisla
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lusânia M Greggi
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: suvilela@usp.br.
authors.forename: Suely V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Sampaio
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002473:Cell Wall; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D050830:L-Amino Acid Oxidase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D030162:Reptilian Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000187:drug effects; D014757:Viper Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D030162:Reptilian Proteins; D014757:Viper Venoms; D050830:L-Amino Acid Oxidase
keywords: Calloselasma rhodostoma; Pharmacological evaluation; l-Amino acid oxidase