title: Differences in Clinical and Laboratory Findings between Group D and Non-Group D Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Gastroenteritis in Children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the differences in clinical features and laboratory findings between group D and non-group D non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) gastroenteritis in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review of children diagnosed with NTS confirmed by culture study was performed. The clinical features and laboratory findings of group D and non-group D NTS were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 2003 to 2012, 75 cases were diagnosed as NTS at our center. The number of group D and non-group D patients was 45 and 30, respectively. The mean age was higher in group D than in non-group D patients (5.1 years vs. 3.4 years, p=0.038). Headaches were more frequently observed (p=0.046) and hematochezia was less frequently observed (p=0.017) in group D than in non-group D NTS gastroenteritis patients. A positive Widal test result was observed in 53.3% of group D and 6.7% of non-group D NTS cases (O-titer, p=0.030; H-titer, p=0.039). There were no differences in white blood cell counts, level of C-reactive protein and rate of antimicrobial resistance between group D and non-group D cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The more severe clinical features such as headache, fever, and higher Widal titers were found to be indicative of group D NTS gastroenteritis. Additionally, group D NTS gastroenteritis was more commonly found in older patients. Therefore, old age, fever, headache, and a positive Widal test are more indicative of group D NTS than non-group D NTS gastroenteritis. Pathophysiological mechanisms may differ across serologic groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Heung Keun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyuyol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rhie
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yeom
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Sil
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Chan-Hoo
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyang-Ok
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Shang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Ryeon
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Je
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Park
keywords: Gastroenteritis; Salmonella enterica; Salmonella infection