title: Cochlear Implantation in Extraordinary Cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although cochlear implantation has been almost a standard otological procedure worldwide, it may still create a dilemma for the surgeon in some unusual instances such as Seckel syndrome, aural atresia and posterior fossa arachnoid cyst.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three extraordinary cases of cochlear implantation were reported. The first case was a case of Seckel syndrome with a cardiac pacemaker due to complete atrioventricular block. The second case had posterior fossa arachnoid cyst that had retrosigmoid cyst removal and cochlear implantation simultaneously. The last case had cochlear implantation in the ear with congenital aural atresia. All cases could be implanted successfully with full electrode insertion and good audiological outcome. Delayed facial paralysis that occurred in the patient with arachnoid cyst resolved spontaneously.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study addressed the efficiency of cochlear implantation in cases of Seckel syndrome, complete atrioventricular block managed with cardiac pacemaker, congenital aural atresia and posterior fossa arachnoid cyst. In addition, the retrosigmoid approach and cochlear implantation can be performed simultaneously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Çelenk
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Raşit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cevizci
authors.affiliation: Audiology Unit, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Şenay
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Altınyay
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yıldırım Ahmet
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Bayazıt
keywords: Cardiac pacemaker; cochlear implant; congenital aural atresia; seckel syndrome; subarachnoid cyst