title: Dual Function of the IRF8 Transcription Factor in Autoimmune Uveitis: Loss of IRF8 in T Cells Exacerbates Uveitis, Whereas Irf8 Deletion in the Retina Confers Protection.
abstract: IFN regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is constitutively expressed in monocytes and B cells and plays a critical role in the functional maturation of microglia cells. It is induced in T cells following Ag stimulation, but its functions are less well understood. However, recent studies in mice with T cell-specific Irf8 disruption under direction of the Lck promoter (LCK-IRF8KO) suggest that IRF8 directs a silencing program for Th17 differentiation, and IL-17 production is markedly increased in IRF8-deficient T cells. Paradoxically, loss of IRF8 in T cells has no effect on the development or severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), although exacerbating colitis in a mouse colitis model. In contrast, mice with a macrophage/microglia-specific Irf8 disruption are resistant to EAE, further confounding our understanding of the roles of IRF8 in host immunity and autoimmunity. To clarify the role of IRF8 in autoimmune diseases, we have generated two mouse strains with targeted deletion of Irf8 in retinal cells, including microglial cells and a third mouse strain with targeted Irf8 deletion in T cells under direction of the nonpromiscuous, CD4 promoter (CD4-IRF8KO). In contrast to the report that IRF8 deletion in T cells has no effect on EAE, experimental autoimmune uveitis is exacerbated in CD4-IRF8KO mice and disease enhancement correlates with significant expansion of Th17 cells and a reduction in T regulatory cells. In contrast to CD4-IRF8KO mice, Irf8 deletion in retinal cells confers protection from uveitis, underscoring divergent and tissue-specific roles of IRF8 in host immunity. These results raise a cautionary note in the context of therapeutic targeting of IRF8.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Section, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and.
authors.forename: Sung-Hye
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Section, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and.
authors.forename: Jenna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Section, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and.
authors.forename: Cheng-Rong
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Section, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Section, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852.
authors.forename: Hongsheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852.
authors.forename: Herbert C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Section, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and egwuaguc@nei.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Egwuagu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004596:Electroretinography; D017353:Gene Deletion; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D017628:Microglia / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D055351:Retinal Neurons / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014605:Uveitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D000099185:Interferon Regulatory Factor-8
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors; D000099185:Interferon Regulatory Factor-8