title: Association of Alpha-Soluble NSF Attachment Protein with Epileptic Seizure.
abstract: Alpha-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein (αSNAP) is a ubiquitous and indispensable component of membrane fusion machinery. There is accumulating evidence that mild alterations of αSNAP expression may be associated with specific pathological conditions in several neurological disorders. This study aimed to assess αSNAP expression in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients and pilocarpine-induced rat model and to determine whether altered αSNAP expression leads to increased susceptibility to seizures. The expression of αSNAP was assessed in the temporal lobe from patients with TLE and pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats. In addition, αSNAP expression was silenced by lentivirus pLKD-CMV-GFP-U6-NAPA (primer: GGAAGCATGCGAGATCTATGC) in animals. At day 7, the animals were kindled by pilocarpine and then the time of latency to seizure and the incidence of chronic idiopathic epilepsy seizures were assessed. The immunoreactivity to alpha-SNAP was utilized to measure expression of this protein in the animal. By immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting, we found significantly lower αSNAP levels in patients with TLE. αSNAP expression showed no obvious change in pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats, from 6 h to 3 days after seizure, compared with the control group, in the acute stage; however, αSNAP levels were significantly lower in the chronic phase (day 7, months 1 and 2) in epileptic rats. Importantly, behavioral data revealed that αSNAP-small interfering RNA (siRNA) could decrease the time of latency to seizure and increase the incidence of chronic idiopathic epilepsy seizures compared with the control group. αSNAP is mainly expressed in the neuron brain tissue of patients with TLE and epileptic animals. Our findings suggest that decreasing αSNAP levels may increase epilepsy susceptibility, providing a new strategy for the treatment of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: The General Medicine of Pinghu Branch, The Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, China.
authors.forename: Wanni
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Xiujuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. xfyp@126.com.
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000737:chemistry; D002648:Child; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000633:toxicity; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D052067:Soluble N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor Attachment Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D052067:Soluble N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor Attachment Proteins; D010862:Pilocarpine
keywords: Epilepsy; Intractable; NSF; Synapse