title: Enhanced analgesic activity by cyclodextrins - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Analgesics can be ineffective in treating some types of pain, hence, improved drug delivery systems could optimize their efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors conducted a systematic review to evaluate the analgesic activity of compounds complexed in cyclodextrins, analyzing whether these complexes improved analgesic efficacy. The search terms 'analgesics', 'cyclodextrins' and 'drug effects' were used to retrieve articles in SCOPUS, PUBMED and EMBASE. A total of 22 papers were identified. In the clinical studies, there was greater efficacy in the complexed drug when compared with control groups, with differences ranging from 25 to 83%. Through a meta-analysis, the preclinical studies showed that the complexed drug had a significantly (p < 0.01) greater effect than the non-complexed drug.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of cyclodextrins can improve the efficacy of analgesic compounds, and they are an important tool in the search for greater analgesic effect. They may also be a way to reduce the therapeutic doses, and hence increasing the potential of the drug.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Federal University of Sergipe, Department of Physiology , São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil +55 79 2105 6640 ; lucindojr@gmail.com ; lucindo@pq.cnpq.br.|b 2 University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science , Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Renan G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: c 3 Federal University of Sergipe, Department of Pharmacy , São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriano A S
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: a 1 Federal University of Sergipe, Department of Physiology , São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil +55 79 2105 6640 ; lucindojr@gmail.com ; lucindo@pq.cnpq.br.
authors.forename: Jullyana S S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Quintans
authors.affiliation: b 2 University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science , Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sluka
authors.affiliation: a 1 Federal University of Sergipe, Department of Physiology , São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil +55 79 2105 6640 ; lucindojr@gmail.com ; lucindo@pq.cnpq.br.|b 2 University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science , Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Lucindo J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Quintans-Júnior
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D003505:Cyclodextrins
keywords: analgesics; cyclodextrins; drug effects; meta-analysis; pain; systematic review