title: Nanosize titanium dioxide cause neuronal apoptosis: a potential linkage between nanoparticle exposure and neural disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nanosize titanium dioxide is used in water and air decontamination and in numerous home appliances and products designed for direct human use. However, the impact of nanoparticle on biological system is not known to us. Therefore, it is our urgent and primary task to ascertain the information about safety and potential hazards of products derived from nanomaterial to the health of mankind.
  
  
  METHODS
  We made use of MTT, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays to testify the biological impact of nanosize TiO2 on olfactory bulb neurons cultured in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this article, we elucidate the cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide to olfactory bulb neurons on cellular and molecular level. We come to a conclusion that nanosize titanium dioxide causes neuronal apoptosis, and it also down-regulate the expression of olfactory marker protein (OMP) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that a relationship between nanoparticle exposure and pathogeny of neurodegenerative diseases may exist.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Department, Jianrong Chemistry and Nanomaterial Limited Corporation, Industrial Development Zone of Eastern Juancheng County, Shandong Province, China. yyq0821@163.com
authors.forename: Yiqun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wenwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Baozhong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D014025:Titanium / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Apoptosis,; Neurodegenerative disease,; Olfactory bulb neuron; Titanium dioxide,