title: Sonographic tracking of the upper limb peripheral nerves: a pictorial essay and video demonstration.
abstract: Ultrasound has been the most useful imaging tool for musculoskeletal disorders whereby peripheral nerve lesions constitute a substantial portion. High-resolution ultrasound enables elaboration of peripheral nerve morphology and reciprocal anatomy. However, limited literature is available for delineating standard positions and tracking skills. The present article incorporates a series of ultrasound images and videos to demonstrate how to scan the suprascapular, axillary, musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, and radial nerves. Overall, the authors aim to demonstrate the relevant nerve tracking techniques as regards the upper extremity.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (C-HW, S-GS, T-GW, W-SC); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan (K-VC, M-YH); Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey (LÖ); and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Chu-Tung Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan (C-YH).
authors.forename: Chueh-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ke-Vin
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Özçakar
authors.forename: Ming-Yen
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: Chen-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Shaw-Gang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Shyu
authors.forename: Tyng-Guey
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wen-Shiang
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001365:Axilla / Q000294:innervation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008475:Median Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009138:Musculocutaneous Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014459:Ulnar Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000294:innervation*; D014741:Video Recording