title: Analysis of mcDESPOT- and CPMG-derived parameter estimates for two-component nonexchanging systems.
abstract: To compare the reliability and stability of the multicomponent-driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T1 and T2 (mcDESPOT) and Carl-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) approaches to parameter estimation.
  
  
  
  The stability and reliability of mcDESPOT and CPMG-derived parameter estimates were compared through examination of energy surfaces, evaluation of model sloppiness, and Monte Carlo simulations. Comparisons were performed on an equal time basis and assuming a two-component system. Parameter estimation bias, reflecting accuracy, and dispersion, reflecting precision, were derived for a range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and relaxation parameters.
  
  
  
  The energy surfaces for parameters incorporated into the mcDESPOT signal model exhibit flatness, a complex structure of local minima, and instability to noise to a much greater extent than the corresponding surfaces for CPMG. Although both mcDESPOT and CPMG performed well at high SNR, the CPMG approach yielded parameter estimates of considerably greater accuracy and precision at lower SNR.
  
  
  
  mcDESPOT and CPMG both permit high-quality parameter estimates under SNR that are clinically achievable under many circumstances, depending upon available hardware and resolution and acquisition time constraints. At moderate to high SNR, the mcDESPOT approach incorporating two-step phase increments can yield accurate parameter estimates while providing values for longitudinal relaxation times that are not available through CPMG. However, at low SNR, the CPMG approach is more stable and provides superior parameter estimates. Magn Reson Med 75:2406-2420, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Mustapha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouhrara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Reiter
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Fishbein
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kijowski
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Spencer
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio
keywords: CPMG; energy surface, accuracy; mcDESPOT; precision; quantitative MRI; sloppiness