title: Interleukin-8 level as a prognostic marker in patients with hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization.
abstract: We investigated the association between serum interleukin (IL)-8 levels and post-transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) outcomes in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC. We enrolled 119 TACE-treated patients with HBV-associated HCC; TACE refractoriness and liver transplantation (LT)-free survival were evaluated during follow-up. Pre-TACE serum levels of various cytokines (epidermal growth factor [EGF], fibroblast growth factor 2, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor [G-CSF], interferon-γ, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17A, interferon-γ-inducible protein-10, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor) were analyzed. During a mean follow-up of 24.3 (1-79) months, 91 patients (76.5%) exhibited TACE refractoriness. In multivariate analyses, multiple tumors (hazard ratio [HR], 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-4.39; P=0.006), large tumor size (HR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.38-4.03; P=0.002), and combination of alpha-fetoprotein and IL-8 levels (AFP>400 ng/mL or IL-8>32 pg/mL; HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.03-2.85; P=0.037) independently predicted overall TACE refractoriness. Higher EGF (>35 pg/mL) and lower G-CSF levels (⩽ 12.5 pg/mL) were associated with early TACE refractoriness (<1 year; HR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.01-11.96; P=0.049 and HR, 6.25; 95% CI, 1.62-23.81; P=0.008, respectively). Furthermore, high IL-8 level (>32 pg/mL; HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.09-2.59; P=0.020) was associated with poor LT-free survival. In conclusion, pretreatment serum IL-8 is a useful prognostic marker for TACE refractoriness and LT-free survival in TACE-treated patients with HBV-associated HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Sun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Je Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Won
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Ik
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Humanities & Social Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Ryong
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Office of Biostatistics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kee Myung
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Moo
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jai Keun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jei Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seon Joo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea. Electronic address: jaeyoun620@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jae Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cheong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016209:Interleukin-8
keywords: Chemoembolization; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Interleukin-8; Survival; Treatment failure