title: Nutrition attributes and health effects of pistachio nuts.
abstract: Epidemiological and/or clinical trials have suggested that nut consumption has a beneficial impact on health outcomes such as hypertension, diabetes, CVD, cancer, other inflammatory conditions and total mortality. Nuts are nutrient-dense foods with a healthy fatty acid profile, as well as provide other bioactive compounds with recognised health benefits. Among nuts, pistachios have a lower fat and energy content and the highest levels of K, γ-tocopherol, vitamin K, phytosterols, xanthophyll carotenoids, certain minerals (Cu, Fe and Mg), vitamin B₆ and thiamin. Pistachios have a high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. The aforementioned characteristics and nutrient mix probably contribute to the growing body of evidence that consumption of pistachios improves health. The present review examines the potential health effects of nutrients and phytochemicals in pistachios, as well as epidemiological and clinical evidence supporting these health benefits.
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili,C/Sant Llorenç 21,43201Reus,Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bulló
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili,C/Sant Llorenç 21,43201Reus,Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juanola-Falgarona
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili,C/Sant Llorenç 21,43201Reus,Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hernández-Alonso
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili,C/Sant Llorenç 21,43201Reus,Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salas-Salvadó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000517:prevention & control; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009753:Nutritive Value; D009754:Nuts / Q000737:chemistry; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027927:Pistacia / Q000737:chemistry; D012307:Risk Factors; D012528:Satiety Response
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D064209:Phytochemicals
keywords: Antioxidants; Blood glucose; Body weight; CVD; Insulin resistance; Pistachios; Polyphenols