title: [Evaluation of lead extraction procedures using the Evolution Mechanical Dilatator Sheath lead extraction system: A single centre experience].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In recent years, there has been an increase in clinical situations requiring extraction of leads of implanted cardiac devices. This study aimed to evaluate the Evolution Mechanical Dilator Sheath system, presently in use in our clinic for lead extraction procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lead extraction procedures carried out on 20 patients (14 men, 6 women; mean age 61±19; range 23 to 85 years) between 2008 and 2013 using the Evolution system were retrospectively evaluated. Procedural success, and major and minor complications were determined by previously published guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean implantation duration of the leads was 97±65 months (8-204). Fifteen (75%) patients had undergone pacemaker implantation and 5 (25%) had been implanted with a defibrillator. A total of 35 leads were removed from the patients. Seventeen (49%) were ventricular and 12 (34%) were atrial. Five (14%) were defibrillator coils and 1 a coronary sinus lead. Indications for lead extraction were device infection in 18 (90%) patients and lead dysfunction in 2 (10%). Complete procedural success was 95%. Failure occurred in 1 patient. The major complication rate was 5% and minor complications were seen in 25% of patients. No case of mortality was present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this single centre study, it was shown that extraction of pacemaker and defibrillator leads of longer implant duration may be successfully carried out using the Evolution system. However, due to potentially serious complications it is advised that extraction be done by an experienced operator in centres with cardiovascular surgery facilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Katip Çelebi University, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey. ugurk46@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Uğur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kocabaş
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Katip Çelebi University, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hamza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duygu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Katip Çelebi University, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nihan Kahya
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Eren
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Katip Çelebi University, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zehra İlke
authors.initials: Zİ
authors.lastname: Akyıldız
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Katip Çelebi University, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Özyıldırım
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Katip Çelebi University, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selcen Yakar
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tülüce
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Katip Çelebi University, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nazlı
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D020878:Device Removal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult