title: Hysteroscopic tubal electrocoagulation versus laparoscopic tubal ligation for patients with hydrosalpinges undergoing in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the use and success rate of hysteroscopic tubal electrocoagulation for the treatment of hydrosalpinx-related infertility among patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) who have laparoscopic contraindications.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was conducted among patients who had unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinges identified on hysterosalpingography and vaginal ultrasonography, and who were undergoing IVF at a center in Cairo, Egypt, between January 1, 2013, and October 30, 2014. All patients who had contraindications for laparoscopy were scheduled for hysteroscopic tubal electrocoagulation (group 1); the other patients underwent laparoscopic tubal ligation (group 2). For all patients, hysterosalpingography was performed 3 months after their procedure to evaluate proximal tubal occlusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 85 enrolled patients, 22 underwent hysteroscopic tubal electrocoagulation and 63 underwent laparoscopic tubal ligation. The procedure was successful in terms of tubal occlusion for 25 (93%) of 27 hydrosalpinges in group 1, and 78 (96%) of 81 hydrosalpinges in group 2 (P=0.597). No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hysteroscopic tubal electrocoagulation was found to be a successful treatment for hydrosalpinges before IVF when laparoscopy is contraindicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: dr_akmalelmazny@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Akmal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Mazny
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nermeen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abou-Salem
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hammam
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Walid
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Saber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004534:Egypt; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000379:methods*; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography / Q000379:methods; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000379:methods; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Hydrosalpinx; Hysteroscopy; In vitro fertilization; Infertility; Laparoscopy