title: Comparison of health related quality of life between two groups of veteran and non-veteran spinal cord injured patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) have a lower health related quality of life (HRQOL) compared to both healthy controls and the normal population. The aim of this study was to compare HRQOL between two groups of veteran and non-veteran SCI patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  All male paraplegic non-veterans who had sustained complete SCI before 1988 and were residents of Tehran province (Iran), and a similar group of SCI veterans who consecutively participated in a health screening program were enrolled in this study. Patients fewer than 35 and older than 65 years of age were not included in this study. The participants were interviewed based on the Persian version of SF-36 questionnaire by two psychologists. Eight sub-scales and two physical and mental component summaries of the instrument were assessed. We used chi-square, odds ratio, Mann-Whitney U, independent t-test and linear regression for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 25 veterans and 22 non-veterans were enrolled in the study. The mean age, time since injury and the presence of comorbid illnesses were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). A greater number of veterans were married (p= 0.003) and employed (p= 0.047). On average, veterans had more years of formal education than non-veterans (p= 0.001). The mean (SD) bodily pain sub-scale was 72.73(31.253) for non-veterans and 49.7 (28.287) for veterans (p=0.011). Absence of comorbid illnesses was associated with a better physical component summary (p< 0.001). Employment was associated with a better mental component summary (p= 0.022).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We did not find any differences in HRQOL between the two groups except for the bodily pain sub-scale. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Professor of Community Medicine, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran psalamati@sina.tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Payman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salamati
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Psychiatry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. rezaros@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rostami
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. soheil.saadat@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Soheil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saadat
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgeon, Shafa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam_ol_Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran. khatam_sci@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Taher
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: M.A. in General Psychology, Allameh Tabatabaii University, Tehran, Iran. tajabadi1988@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tajabadi
authors.affiliation: (M.A. in Clinical Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ghazale.ranjbari@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ghazale
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ranjbari
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Quran and Hadith University, Tehran, Iran. zohrehsadat.naji@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zohrehsadat
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Naji
authors.affiliation: MD, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. sabajafarpour@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Saba
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jafarpour
authors.affiliation: Professor, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. V_rahimi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Vafa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rahimi-Movaghar
keywords: Iran; Quality of Life; Spinal Cord Injuries; Veterans