title: Inhaled therapy for the management of perioperative pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) are at high risk for complications in the perioperative setting and often receive vasodilators to control elevated pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). Administration of vasodilators via inhalation is an effective strategy for reducing PAP while avoiding systemic side effects, chiefly hypotension. The prototypical inhaled pulmonary-specific vasodilator, nitric oxide (NO), has a proven track record but is expensive and cumbersome to implement. Alternatives to NO, including prostanoids (such as epoprostenol, iloprost, and treprostinil), NO-donating drugs (sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, and nitrite), and phosphodiesterase inhibitors (milrinone, sildenafil) may be given via inhalation for the purpose of treating elevated PAP. This review will focus on the perioperative therapy of PH using inhaled vasodilators.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Thunberg
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Morozowich
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Harish
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ramakrishna
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents