title: Self-Efficacy to Drive While Intoxicated: Insights into the Persistence of Alcohol-Impaired Driving.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Scant research has examined event-level risk factors for impaired driving in natural drinking settings. This study assessed driving self-efficacy among intoxicated individuals to better understand decision-making about alcohol-impaired driving at night after exiting on-premise drinking establishments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interview and breath test data were collected from bar patrons (n = 512) exiting 2 college bar districts in Florida and Texas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results from a multivariable linear regression model indicated that self-efficacy to drive while intoxicated was more strongly associated with situational variables, that is, perceived drunkenness and self-estimated blood alcohol concentration than patron traits, that is, past-year history of drinking, risk proneness, and sex. A large proportion of bar patrons, particularly men, expressed confidence in their ability to drive, despite being highly intoxicated. Moreover, the majority of legally intoxicated patrons who were confident in their ability to drive were aware of their high level of intoxication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emphasis should be placed on the enactment and enforcement of policies and laws to prevent alcohol-impaired driving.
authors.affiliation: Department of Global and Community Health , George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rossheim
authors.affiliation: Department of Global and Community Health , George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Weiler
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Science and Community Health , University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: Tracey E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology , University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas.
authors.forename: Sumihiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Community Health , University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas.
authors.forename: Scott T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Kinesiology , Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.
authors.forename: Adam E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology , University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas.
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cannell
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Community Health , University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas.
authors.forename: Lisa N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Pealer
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Science and Community Health , University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Moorhouse
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology , University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas.
authors.forename: Qianzi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Community Health , University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas.
authors.forename: Dennis L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Thombs
mesh_terms: D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D001944:Breath Tests; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Alcohol; Impaired Driving; Intoxication; Self-Efficacy to Drive While Intoxicated; Young Adults