title: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders with naso- and oropharyngeal manifestation.
abstract: The nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal lymphatic tissues represent the anatomical site of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) entry. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are often associated with EBV, but little is known about the characteristics of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal mass-forming PTLD. Retrospective evaluation of our own PTLD database (n = 79) and the PubMed(®) database (n = 61) has been performed. Sinonasal/oro-/nasopharyngeal lymphatic masses were early lesions (n = 54/140, 38.5%), polymorphic PTLD (n = 32/140, 23%), monomorphic B-PTLD (n = 47/140, 33.5%) and T-PTLD (n = 7/140, 5%). One-fourth of lesions manifested as masses in the Waldeyer's ring, and in two-thirds of cases, swelling of tonsils was related to manifestation of benign early lesions. Tonsil infiltration by polymorphic PTLD and monomorphic PTLD was present in one-third of cases. Extratonsillar masses were mainly monomorphic PTLD. Meta-analysis of our data in combination with previously published data revealed that lung transplantation and young patients are at a higher risk for earlier manifestation of monomorphic PTLD. Therapy is similar to PTLD therapy strategies, in general reduced immunosuppression and chemotherapy for polymorphic and monomorphic PTLD, and diagnostic and therapeutic surgical gross tumour resection of tonsillar/adenoid lesions. In summary, it is relevant for the clinical differential diagnosis that oro-/nasopharyngeal aggressive PTLD manifested in ~30% as tonsillar masses and >90% at extratonsillar sites.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Ayla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akbas
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Dental Prosthetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tiede
authors.affiliation: Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lemound
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Britta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maecker-Kolhoff
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kreipe
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Kais
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hussein
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000473:pathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D009302:Nasopharyngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000473:pathology; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014067:Tonsillar Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: nasopharynx; oral; oropharynx; post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease