title: Therapeutic potential of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects (Review).
abstract: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a naturally occurring compound isolated from propolis extract, has been reported to have a number of biological and pharmacological properties, exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects. Recentin vivoandin vitrostudy findings have provided novel insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of this natural compound. CAPE has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties involving the inhibition of certain enzyme activities, such as xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenase and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. Since inflammation and immune mechanisms play a crucial role in the onset of several inflammatory diseases, the inhibition of NF-κB represents a rationale for the development of novel and safe anti-inflammatory agents. The primary goal of the present review is to highlight the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of CAPE, and critically evaluate its potential therapeutic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34098, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Armutcu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara 06010, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sumeyya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akyol
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Fatih University, Istanbul 34500, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seyfettin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ustunsoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Fatih University, Istanbul 34500, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatime Filiz
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Turan
keywords: anti-inflammatory activity; caffeic acid phenethyl ester; immunomodulatory effect