title: Variation in Baiting Intensity Among CO2-Baited Traps Used to Collect Hematophagous Arthropods.
abstract: Hematophagous arthropods transmit the etiological agents of numerous diseases and as a result are frequently the targets of sampling to characterize vector and pathogen populations. Arguably, the most commonly used sampling approach involves traps baited with carbon dioxide. We report results of a laboratory study in which the performance of carbon dioxide-baited traps was evaluated using measures of baiting intensity, the amount of carbon dioxide released per unit time during trap deployment. We evaluated the effects of trap design, carbon dioxide source, and wind speed on baiting intensity and documented significant effects of these factors on the length of sampling (time to baiting intensity = 0), maximum baiting intensity, and variation in baiting intensity during experimental trials. Among the three dry ice-baited trap types evaluated, traps utilizing insulated beverage coolers as dry ice containers sampled for the longest period of time, had the lowest maximum but most consistent baiting intensity within trials and were least sensitive to effects of wind speed and dry ice form (block vs. pellet) on baiting intensity. Results of trials involving traps baited with carbon dioxide released from pressurized cylinders suggested that this trap type had performance comparable to dry ice-baited insulated cooler traps but at considerably higher cost.
authors.affiliation: National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), Inc., 1685 38th St., Suite 100, Boulder, CO 80301 yurispringer@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yuri P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Springer
authors.affiliation: National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), Inc., 1685 38th St., Suite 100, Boulder, CO 80301 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, 1560 30 St., Boulder, CO 80303 Aspen Global Change Institute, 104 Midland Ave., Suite 205, Basalt, CO 81632.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), Inc., 1685 38th St., Suite 100, Boulder, CO 80301 Dolan Integration Group, 2520 55th St. #101, Boulder, CO 80301.
authors.forename: Patrick D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Travers
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004367:Dry Ice; D007300:Insect Control / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D013983:Tick Control / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D004367:Dry Ice; D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: carbon dioxide trap; compressed gas; dry ice; mosquito sampling; tick sampling