title: Graphene electrostatic microphone and ultrasonic radio.
abstract: We present a graphene-based wideband microphone and a related ultrasonic radio that can be used for wireless communication. It is shown that graphene-based acoustic transmitters and receivers have a wide bandwidth, from the audible region (20∼20 kHz) to the ultrasonic region (20 kHz to at least 0.5 MHz). Using the graphene-based components, we demonstrate efficient high-fidelity information transmission using an ultrasonic band centered at 0.3 MHz. The graphene-based microphone is also shown to be capable of directly receiving ultrasound signals generated by bats in the field, and the ultrasonic radio, coupled to electromagnetic (EM) radio, is shown to function as a high-accuracy rangefinder. The ultrasonic radio could serve as a useful addition to wireless communication technology where the propagation of EM waves is difficult.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-809X
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
authors.forename: Jinglin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.
authors.forename: Seita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Crommie
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 azettl@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Alex K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Zettl
keywords: bat; graphene; microphone; radio; ultrasonics