title: Composition Directed Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Irradiated Mixed Metal Sulfides Correlated with Their Photocatalytic Activities.
abstract: The ability of nanostructures to facilitate the generation of reactive oxygen species and charge carriers underlies many of their chemical and biological activities. Elucidating which factors are essential and how these influence the production of various active intermediates is fundamental to understanding potential applications of these nanostructures, as well as potential risks. Using electron spin resonance spectroscopy coupled with spin trapping and spin labeling techniques, we assessed 3 mixed metal sulfides of varying compositions for their abilities to generate reactive oxygen species, photogenerate electrons, and consume oxygen during photoirradiation. We found these irradiated mixed metal sulfides exhibited composition dependent generation of ROS: ZnIn2S4 can generate (•)OH, O2(-•) and (1)O2; CdIn2S4 can produce O2(-•) and (1)O2, while AgInS2 only produces O2(-•). Our characterizations of the reactivity of the photogenerated electrons and consumption of dissolved oxygen, performed using spin labeling, showed the same trend in activity: ZnIn2S4 > CdIn2S4 > AgInS2. These intrinsic abilities to generate ROS and the reactivity of charge carriers correlated closely with the photocatalytic degradation and photoassisted antibacterial activities of these nanomaterials.
authors.affiliation: †Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, P. R. China.|‡Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry and Division of Analytical Chemistry, Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: †Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: †Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dongfang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: §School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
authors.forename: Pin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: §School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: †Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: ∥Food Safety Bureau, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex 363-700, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: ‡Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry and Division of Analytical Chemistry, Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Wayne G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Wamer
authors.affiliation: ‡Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry and Division of Analytical Chemistry, Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Jun-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis / Q000528:radiation effects; D008027:Light; D008422:Materials Testing; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010777:Photochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000528:radiation effects; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013440:Sulfides
keywords: ESR; antibacterial; mixed metal sulfides; photocatalytic; reactive oxygen species