title: Abdominal Subcutaneous Fat Thickness Measured by Ultrasonography Correlates with Hyperlipidemia and Steatohepatitis in Obese Children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness measured by ultrasonography (US) and serum lipid profile and liver transaminases in obese children.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and sixty-six children diagnosed with obesity from May 2001 to December 2013 were included in this study. Data on serum lipid profile and liver transaminases were collected from clinical records. Abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and grade of hepatic steatosis were evaluated by US.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 166 children, 107 were diagnosed with hepatic steatosis by US, 46 with grade I, 56 with grade II, and five children with grade III. According to the grade of hepatic steasosis, the average values of midline abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and right flank abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness measured 2.9±0.8 cm and 1.9±0.7 cm in the normal group, 3.3±0.8 cm and 2.0±0.7 cm in grade I, 3.8±0.8 cm and 2.3±0.8 cm in grade II, and 4.1±0.8 cm and 2.8±1.4 cm in grade III, respectively. Abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness correlated with grade of hepatic steatosis (p<0.01). In addition, abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness correlated with concentration of serum lipids and liver transaminases in the age group of 12-14 years (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness measured by US can be used as a reliable predictor of possible hyperlipidemia and steatohepatitis in children, especially during the adolescent stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Dongwan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tchah
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Eell
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ryoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Abdominal subcutaneous fat; Child; Fatty liver; Hyperlipidemias; Obesity; Steatohepatitis; Ultrasonography