title: Long-term Outcomes Following Artificial Urinary Sphincter Placement: An Analysis of 1082 Cases at Mayo Clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate long-term device outcomes following primary artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 1802 male patients with stress urinary incontinence that underwent AUS placement from 1983 to 2011. Of these, 1082 (60%) were involving primary implantations and comprise the study cohort. Multiple clinical and surgical variables were evaluated for potential association with treatment failure, defined as any secondary surgery. Patient follow-up was obtained through office examination, operative report, and written or telephone correspondence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients undergoing AUS implantation had a median age of 71 years (interquartile range 66-76) and median follow-up of 4.1 years (interquartile range 0.8-7.7). Overall, 338 of 1082 patients (31.2%) underwent secondary surgery, including 89 for device infection and/or erosion, 131 for device malfunction, 89 for urethral atrophy, and 29 for pump malposition or tubing complications. No patient-related risk factors were independently associated with an increased risk of secondary surgery on multivariable analysis. Secondary surgery-free survival was 90% at 1 year, 74% at 5 years, 57% at 10 years, and 41% at 15 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary AUS implantation is associated with acceptable long-term outcomes. Recognition of long-term success is important for preoperative patient counseling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Linder
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Marcelino E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ziegelmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: Elliott.Daniel@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Elliott
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016741:Urinary Sphincter, Artificial; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods*