title: Effector and suppressor T cells in celiac disease.
abstract: Celiac disease (CD) is a T-cell mediated immune disease in which gliadin-derived peptides activate lamina propria effector CD4+ T cells. This activation leads to the release of cytokines, compatible with a Th1-like pattern, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CD, controlling many aspects of the inflammatory immune response. Recent studies have shown that a novel subset of effector T cells, characterized by expression of high levels of IL-17A, termed Th17 cells, plays a pathogenic role in CD. While these effector T cell subsets produce proinflammatory cytokines, which cause substantial tissue injury in vivo in CD, recent studies have suggested the existence of additional CD4(+) T cell subsets with suppressor functions. These subsets include type 1 regulatory T cells and CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells, expressing the master transcription factor Foxp3, which have important implications for disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Giuseppe Mazzarella, Immuno-Morphology Lab, Institute of Food Sciences, National Council Research, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzarella
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Celiac disease; Th1 cells; Th17 cells; Treg cells