title: Influence of high fat diet and resveratrol supplementation on placental fatty acid uptake in the Japanese macaque.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adequate maternal supply and placental delivery of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) is essential for normal fetal development. In humans, maternal obesity alters placental FA uptake, though the impact of diet remains uncertain. The fatty fetal liver observed in offspring of Japanese macaques fed a high fat diet (HFD) was prevented with resveratrol supplementation during pregnancy. We sought to determine the effect of HFD and resveratrol, a supplement with insulin-sensitizing properties, on placental LCPUFA uptake in this model.
  
  
  METHODS
  J. macaques were fed control chow (15% fat, n = 5), HFD (35% fat, n = 10) or HFD containing 0.37% resveratrol (n = 5) prior to- and throughout pregnancy. At ∼ 130 d gestation (term = 173 d), placentas were collected by caesarean section. Fatty acid uptake studies using (14)C-labeled oleic acid, arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) were performed in placental explants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resveratrol supplementation increased placental uptake of DHA (P < 0.05), while HFD alone had no measurable effect. Resveratrol increased AMP-activated protein kinase activity and mRNA expression of the fatty acid transporters FATP-4, CD36 and FABPpm (P < 0.05). Placental DHA content was decreased in HFD dams; resveratrol had no effect on tissue fatty acid profiles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal HFD did not significantly affect placental LCPUFA uptake. Furthermore, resveratrol stimulated placental DHA uptake capacity, AMPK activation and transporter expression. Placental handling of DHA is particularly sensitive to the dramatic alterations in the maternal metabolic phenotype and placental AMPK activity associated with resveratrol supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Health, Case Western Reserve University at MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: poginn@metrohealth.org.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O'Tierney-Ginn
authors.affiliation: Div of Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gillingham
authors.affiliation: Div of Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Health, Case Western Reserve University at MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Glazebrook
authors.affiliation: Center for Developmental Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Thornburg
authors.affiliation: Div of Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grove
authors.affiliation: Div of Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA; Center for Developmental Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Frias
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism; D008251:Macaca; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010920:Placenta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D013267:Stilbenes; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Fatty acid uptake; High fat diet; Non-human primate; Placenta