title: PNPLA3 genetic variants determine hepatic steatosis in non-obese chronic hepatitis C patients.
abstract: The influence of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) genetic variants in the development of liver steatosis in Asian chronic hepatitis C patients remains elusive. A total of 1018 biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis C patients were enrolled for evaluation. The proportions of PNPLA3 rs738409 GG genotype carriage were 7.8% (44/563), 15.8% (58/367) and 19.3% (17/88) in patients with no (liver fat content < 5%), mild (5-33%) and moderate/severe (> 66%) hepatic steatosis, respectively (trend P < 0.001). Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that the strongest factor independently associated with steatosis was the carriage of the PNPLA3 rs738409 GG genotype (odds ratio [OR]/95% confidence intervals [CI]:2.34/1.557-3.515, P < 0.001). Among the patients with BMI < 24 kg/m(2), carriage of the rs738409 GG genotype was the only factor associated with hepatic steatosis (OR/CI:3.44/1.824-6.500, P < 0.001). PNPLA3 genetic variants had minimal effects on hepatic steatosis among overweight or obese patients. Compared to patients with BMI < 24 kg/m(2)/non-GG genotype, those with BMI >24 kg/m(2)/GG genotype were more likely to have hepatic steatosis (OR/CI:3.87/2.292-6.524, P < 0.001). In conclusions, both PNPLA3 genetic variants and BMI played important roles in hepatic steatosis among Asian chronic hepatitis C patients. However, the genetic effect was mainly restricted to non-obese patients.
authors.affiliation: Graguate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan.
authors.forename: Jyh-Jou
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Lun
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Yen
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hua-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Preventive Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jee-Fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Zu-Yau
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shinn-Cherng
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Long
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University.
authors.forename: Ming-Lung
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D000217:Acyltransferases; D054512:Phospholipases A2, Calcium-Independent
chemical_list: D008049:Lipase; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C533682:PNPLA3 protein, human; D000217:Acyltransferases; D054512:Phospholipases A2, Calcium-Independent