title: Striatal and Pallidal Activation during Reward Modulated Movement Using a Translational Paradigm.
abstract: Human neuroimaging studies of reward processing typically involve tasks that engage decision-making processes in the dorsal striatum or focus upon the ventral striatum's response to feedback expectancy. These studies are often compared to the animal literature; however, some animal studies include both feedback and nonfeedback events that activate the dorsal striatum during feedback expectancy. Differences in task parameters, movement complexity, and motoric effort to attain rewards may partly explain ventral and dorsal striatal response differences across species. We, therefore, used a target capture task during functional neuroimaging that was inspired by a study of single cell modulation in the internal globus pallidus during reward-cued, rotational arm movements in nonhuman primates. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, participants used a fiberoptic joystick to make a rotational response to an instruction stimulus that indicated both a target location for a capture movement and whether or not the trial would end with feedback indicating either a small financial gain or a neutral outcome. Portions of the dorsal striatum and pallidum demonstrated greater neural activation to visual cues predicting potential gains relative to cues with no associated outcome. Furthermore, both striatal and pallidal regions displayed a greater response to financial gains relative to neutral outcomes. This reward-dependent modulation of dorsal striatal and pallidal activation in a target-capture task is consistent with findings from reward studies in animals, supporting the use of motorically complex tasks as translational paradigms to investigate the neural substrates of reward expectancy and outcome in humans.
authors.affiliation: 1Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,San Diego,California and Department of Psychiatry,University of California,San Diego.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bischoff-Grethe
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Radiology,University of California,San Diego.
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Buxton
authors.affiliation: 3Laureate Institute for Brain Research,Tulsa,Oklahoma.
authors.forename: Martin P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Paulus
authors.affiliation: 4Department of Neurosciences,University of California,San Diego and Banner Alzheimer's Institute,Phoenix,Arizona.
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fleisher
authors.affiliation: 5Department of Psychiatry,Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,University of California,San Francisco.
authors.forename: Tony T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,San Diego,California and Department of Psychiatry,University of California,San Diego.
authors.forename: Gregory G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001664:Biliverdine; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012201:Reward; D013997:Time Factors; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001664:Biliverdine; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Pallidum; Reward; Skeletomotor; Striatum; Translational