title: Do Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity increase the risk of severity of nephrolithiasis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study we planned to investigate the relationship between presence of kidney stones and stone burden with hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM) and body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 574 patients were included in the study. None of the patients had a history of stones. The 121 patients with kidney stone identified on ultrasound evaluation and the 453 patients with no stones were compared in terms of HT, BMI and DM. The stone burden of 121 patients with diagnosed stones was compared in terms of the same variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 121 patients with kidney stones 30 (24.7%) had HT, while 66 (14.5%) of the 453 patients without stones had HT (p=0.007). BMI values of those with and without stones were 27.2 ± 4.93 kg/m(2) and 25.29 ± 4.12 kg/m(2), respectively (p<0.001). Twenty-five (20.6%) of the patients with stones diagnosed by ultrasound had DM, while 49 (10.8%) of those without stones had DM (p=0.004). When comparing patients with and without kidney stones, logistic regression analysis revealed that DM (odds ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17 to 3.63, p=0.013) and BMI (OR 1.08, CI 1.03 to 1.13, p=0.003) were independently associated with presence of stones. No significant relationship was found between the same variables and cumulative stone diameter (CSD) and stone surface area (SA) evaluated for stone burden.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While diabetes mellitus, Hypertension and increased Body Mass Index may add to the possibility of stone formation, they did not affect stone burden.
authors.affiliation: Eyup Burak Sancak, Department of Radiology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Eyup Burak
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Sancak
authors.affiliation: Mustafa Reşorlu, Department of Radiology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reşorlu
authors.affiliation: Alpaslan Akbas, Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alpaslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akbas
authors.affiliation: Murat Tolga Gulpinar, Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat Tolga
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gulpinar
authors.affiliation: Muhammet Arslan, Vefa Hospital, Soma, Turkey.
authors.forename: Muhammet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.affiliation: Berkan Resorlu, Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Berkan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Resorlu
keywords: Body mass index; Diabetes mellitus; Hypertension; Kidney stone; Stone burden