title: Prodromal Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke and Outcome in Basilar Artery Occlusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The presence of prodromal transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) has been associated with a favorable outcome in anterior circulation stroke. We aimed to determine the association between prodromal TIAs or minor stroke and outcomes at 1 month, in the Basilar Artery International Cooperation Study, a registry of patients presenting with an acute symptomatic and radiologically confirmed basilar artery occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 619 patients were enrolled in the registry. Information on prodromal TIAs was available for 517 patients and on prodromal stroke for 487 patients. We calculated risk ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for poor clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≥4) according to the variables of interest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prodromal minor stroke was associated with poor outcome (crude risk ratio [cRR], 1.26; 95% CI, 1.12-1.42), but TIAs were not (cRR, .93; 95% CI, .79-1.09). These associations remained essentially the same after adjustment for confounding variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prodromal minor stroke was associated with an unfavorable outcome in patients with basilar artery occlusion, whereas prodromal TIA was not.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: adriana.conforto@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Adriana B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Conforto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, DÒr Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wouter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Schonewille
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L Jaap
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kappelle
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ale
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062706:Prodromal Symptoms; D012042:Registries; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014715:Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency / Q000150:complications*
keywords: Cerebral infarction; ischemic stroke; risk factors; rtPA; stroke; treatment