title: Theory for electric dipole superconductivity with an application for bilayer excitons.
abstract: Exciton superfluid is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon in which large quantities of excitons undergo the Bose-Einstein condensation. Recently, exciton superfluid has been widely studied in various bilayer systems. However, experimental measurements only provide indirect evidence for the existence of exciton superfluid. In this article, by viewing the exciton in a bilayer system as an electric dipole, we derive the London-type and Ginzburg-Landau-type equations for the electric dipole superconductors. By using these equations, we discover the Meissner-type effect and the electric dipole current Josephson effect. These effects can provide direct evidence for the formation of the exciton superfluid state in bilayer systems and pave new ways to drive an electric dipole current.
authors.affiliation: International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qing-Dong
authors.initials: QD
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi-qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: 1] International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qing-Feng
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: 1] International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
authors.forename: X C
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Xie