title: Neisseria gonorrhoeae and fosfomycin: Past, present and future.
abstract: Drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae has become a global health concern that requires immediate attention. Due to increasing resistance to cephalosporins, pursuing novel alternatives for treating N. gonorrhoeae infections is paramount. Whilst new drug development is often cumbersome, reviving antiquated antibiotic agents for treatment of modern infections has become prevalent in clinical practice. Fosfomycin exhibits bactericidal activity through a unique mechanism of action, and a variety of organisms including N. gonorrhoeae are susceptible. In vitro studies have demonstrated that fosfomycin can retain activity against ceftriaxone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae; however, it remains unclear whether there is synergy between fosfomycin and other antibiotics. Clinical investigations evaluating fosfomycin for the treatment of N. gonorrhoeae infections are confounded by methodological limitations, none the less they do provide some perspective on its potential role in therapy. Future studies are needed to establish a safe, convenient and effective fosfomycin regimen for treating N. gonorrhoeae infections.
authors.affiliation: Division of Advisory Committee and Consultant Management, Office of Executive Programs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, WO31-2417, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, USA. Electronic address: laurentesh@aol.com.
authors.forename: Lauren D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Tesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Clinical Research, University of South Florida College of Pharmacy, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, MDC 30, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Kristy M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shaeer
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Tyler, 3900 University Boulevard, Tyler, TX 75799, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Lee Memorial Health System, 2776 Cleveland Avenue, Ft. Myers, FL 33919, USA.
authors.forename: Sandy J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Estrada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy - Glendale, 19555 North 59th Avenue, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA.
authors.forename: Vanthida
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Southeast Campus, Suite 210, Heart/Lung Building, 5356 Reynolds Street, Savannah, GA 31405, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bland
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Post Office Box 1090, Buies Creek, NC, USA.
authors.forename: V Paul
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: DiMondi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, South College School of Pharmacy, 400 Goody's Lane, Knoxville, TN 37922, USA.
authors.forename: Alicia N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, South College School of Pharmacy, 400 Goody's Lane, Knoxville, TN 37922, USA.
authors.forename: Gamal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
authors.forename: P Brandon
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Bookstaver
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005578:Fosfomycin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005578:Fosfomycin
keywords: Fosfomycin; Gonorrhoea; In vitro; Multidrug-resistant; Neisseria gonorrhoeae