title: The Besançon Affective Picture Set-Adolescents (the BAPS-Ado): Development and validation.
abstract: Emotional pictures are commonly used as visual stimuli in a number of research fields. Choosing relevant visual stimuli to induce emotion is fundamental in attachment and affective research. Attachment theory provides a theoretical basis for the understanding of emotional and relational problems, and is especially related to two specific emotions: distress and comfort. The lack of normalized visual stimuli soliciting these attachment-related emotions has led us to create and validate a new photographic database: the Besançon Affective Picture Set-Adolescents. This novel stimulus set is composed of 93 photographs, divided into four categories: distress, comfort, joy-complicity and neutral. A group of 140 adolescents rated the pictures with the Self-Assessment Manikin system, yielding three dimensions: valence, emotional arousal, and dominance. The pictures were also assessed, using a continuous scale, for different emotions (distress, hate, horror, comfort, complicity and joy). The ANOVAs for arousal and the Kruskal-Wallis tests for valence and dominance showed strong effects for category. However, for comfort and complicity, the dimensions of valence and dominance were not significantly different, while results for arousal showed no significant difference between complicity and distress. Our study provides a tool that allows researchers to select visual stimuli to investigate attachment-related emotion processing in adolescence.
authors.affiliation: EA 481 Laboratory of Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Franche-Comté Besançon, France. Electronic address: monika.szymanska@edu.univ-fcomte.fr.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szymanska
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France; EA 481 Laboratory of Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Franche-Comté Besançon, France; Clinical Investigation Center CIC 808, INSERM, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Monnin
authors.affiliation: EA 3188 Laboratory of Psychology, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noiret
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France; Clinical Investigation Center CIC 808, INSERM, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Grégory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tio
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Galdon
authors.affiliation: EA 3188 Laboratory of Psychology, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France; EA 481 Laboratory of Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Franche-Comté Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nezelof
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France; EA 481 Laboratory of Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Franche-Comté Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Lauriane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vulliez-Coady
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001143:Arousal; D016208:Databases, Factual; D056348:Emotional Intelligence; D004644:Emotions; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009769:Object Attachment; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual
keywords: Affective visual stimuli; Attachment; Comfort; Distress; Emotions