title: Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of essential oils and fatty acids from flixweed (Descurainia Sophia L.) seed using response surface methodology and central composite design.
abstract: Essential oils and fatty acids of Descurainia sophia L. seed were obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction and steam distillation methods. The effect of different parameters such as pressure, temperature, modifier volume, dynamic and static extraction timeon the extraction yield were optimized using a central composite design after a 2 (n-1) fractional factorial design. The results showed that under the pressure of 355 bar, temperature of 65 °C, methanol volume of 150 μL, dynamic and static extraction times of 35 and 10 min, respectively, the major components were methyl linoleate (18.2 %), camphor (12.32 %), cis-thujone (11.3 %) and trans-caryophyllene (9.17 %). The results indicated that by using the proper conditions, the supercritical fluid extraction is more selective than the steam distillation method. Extraction yields based on supercritical fluid extraction varied in the range of 0.68 to 17.1 % (w/w), and the extraction yield based on the steam distillation was 0.25 % (v/w).
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Katayoun Mahdavi
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ara
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jowkarderis
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raofie
keywords: Essential oil; Experimental design; Flixweed (Descurainia Sophia L.) seed; Response surface methodology; Steam distillation; Supercritical Fluid Extraction