title: The efficacy of Italian guidelines in promoting oral health in children and adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the guidelines on oral health published by the Italian Health Ministry.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  1239 patients (582 girls and 657 boys) with a mean age of 4.46 (SD 2.81) years were evaluated before application of the guidelines by paediatricians (T0) for the presence of caries, gingivitis, diseases of the oral mucosa, and malocclusion. Only patients aged 6 months, 3 years, 6 years, and 9 years at T0 were taken into consideration. All patients were reevaluated after application of the ministerial guidelines (T1).
  
  
  METHODS
  the study took place over a 3-year period. Enrolled patients referred to the outpatient clinics of three paediatricians of the Province of Genoa who strictly applied the ministerial guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chi square test analysis was performed to evaluate a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of caries, gingivitis and diseases of the oral mucosa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a 3-year follow-up collected data underlined a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of dental caries, gingivitis and oral mucosal diseases after implementation of the recommended ministerial guidelines. A statistically significant decrease of malocclusions was also evident in the elder patients (12 years old at T1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The accurate implementation of the Guidelines is supported. Only collaboration and increased synergy between paedodontists and paediatricians can fulfill the objectives which were the reason for publishing the "National guidelines for the promotion of oral health and the prevention of oral diseases in developmental age".
authors.affiliation: University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giannattasio
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Poggi
authors.affiliation: University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Migliorati
authors.affiliation: University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Mondani
authors.affiliation: University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Piccardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carta
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomarchio
authors.affiliation: University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alberti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019140:Dental Care for Children; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000517:prevention & control; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D009909:Oral Health; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique; D010372:Pediatrics; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D014061:Tongue Habits; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D005459:Fluorides