title: The n-3 long-chain PUFAs modulate the impact of the GCKR Pro446Leu polymorphism on triglycerides in adolescents.
abstract: Dietary n-3 long-chain PUFAs (LC-PUFAs) are associated with improvement in the parameters of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) is a key protein regulating intracellular glucose disposal. Our aim was to investigate: i) the relationship between the GCKR rs1260326 (Pro446Leu) polymorphism and parameters of the MetS; and ii) a potential influence of n-3 and n-6 LC-PUFA levels on this relationship in the HELENA study (1,155 European adolescents). Linear regression analyses were performed to study the association between rs1260326 and the outcomes of interest. Interactions between rs1260326 and LC-PUFA levels on outcomes were explored. The T allele of rs1260326 was associated with higher serum TG concentrations compared with the C allele. In contrast to n-6 LC-PUFA levels, a significant interaction (P = 0.01) between rs1260326 and total n-3 LC-PUFA levels on serum TG concentrations was observed. After stratification on the n-3 LC-PUFA median values, the association between rs1260326 and TG concentration was significant only in the group with high n-3 LC-PUFA levels. In conclusion, this is the first evidence that n-3 LC-PUFAs may modulate the impact of the GCKR rs1260326 polymorphism on TG concentrations in adolescents. Several molecular mechanisms, in link with glucose uptake, could explain these findings.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U995, LIRIC, CHU Lille, University Lille, Lille, France Unité de Biostatistiques, CERIM, EA2694, CHU Lille, University Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rousseaux
authors.affiliation: Unité de Biostatistiques, CERIM, EA2694, CHU Lille, University Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duhamel
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dallongeville
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Denes
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Molnar
authors.affiliation: Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, Vienna, Austria and Private Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Widhalm
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Yannis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Manios
authors.affiliation: Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sjöström
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kafatos
authors.affiliation: Institut für Ernährungs-und Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Humanernährung, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Breidenassel
authors.affiliation: Facultad de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonzales-Gross
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuenca-Garcia
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Censi
authors.affiliation: Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ascensión
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Stefaan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Henauw
authors.affiliation: GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meirhaeghe
authors.affiliation: Inserm U995, LIRIC, CHU Lille, University Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gottrand
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; C485100:GCKR protein, human; D014280:Triglycerides; D005947:Glucose
keywords: glucokinase regulatory protein; lipid metabolism; polyunsaturated fatty acid