title: Life-threatening acute pneumonitis in mixed connective tissue disease: a case report and literature review.
abstract: Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a rare connective tissue disease frequently involving the lungs. The main characteristic is a systemic sclerosis-like picture of slowly progressing interstitial lung disease consistent with lung fibrosis, while pulmonary arterial hypertension is rare. Herein, we present a case of a newly diagnosed MCTD patient developing life-threatening acute pneumonitis similar to lupus pneumonitis. Previous literature on this exceptionally rare complication of MCTD is reviewed and differential diagnosis and management discussed.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich-Collin-Straße 30, 1140, Vienna, Austria. eva.rath@wgkk.at.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Shahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zandieh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anesthesiology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Löckinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Angiology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirschl
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich-Collin-Straße 30, 1140, Vienna, Austria. eva.rath@wgkk.at.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Klaushofer
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich-Collin-Straße 30, 1140, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zwerina
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008947:Mixed Connective Tissue Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Acute respiratory failure; Mixed connective tissue disease; Pneumonitis