title: Effect of 5-caffeoylquinic acid on the NF-κB signaling pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2, and macrophage infiltration in high-fat diet-fed Sprague-Dawley rat adipose tissue.
abstract: Obesity, considered as a consequence of overnutrition, sustains a low-degree inflammatory state and results in insulin-resistance and type 2 diabetes. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Serum interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and free fatty acid (FFA) levels were determined. Expression of genes related to TG metabolism, macrophage biomarkers, and inflammation was assessed by real-time PCR. Protein expression of NF-κB, PPARγ2, and phosphorylated IκBα was evaluated by western blotting, and the histology of adipose tissue was examined. Supplementation of the rat diet with 5-CQA reduced obesity development, macrophage infiltration, and steatosis. Additionally, 5-CQA decreased the expression of NF-κB and downstream inflammatory cytokines, but increased the expression of PPARγ2, in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, 5-CQA improved obesity and obesity-related metabolic disturbances via PPARγ2 and the NF-κB signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China. wz8918@163.com.
authors.forename: Si-Le
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bing-Jie
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Ying-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yun-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011801:Quinic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047495:PPAR gamma; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C472707:caffeoylquinic acid; D011801:Quinic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol