title: Muscle strength and hypertrophy occur independently of protein supplementation during short-term resistance training in untrained men.
abstract: Short-term resistance training has consistently demonstrated gains in muscular strength, but not hypertrophy. Post-resistance training protein ingestion is posited to augment the acute anabolic stimulus, thus potentially accelerating changes in muscle size and strength. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of 4 weeks of resistance training with protein supplementation on strength and muscle morphology changes in untrained men. Participants (mean ± SD; N = 18; age, 22.0 ± 2.5 years; body mass index, 25.1 ± 5.4 kg · m(-2)) were randomly assigned to a resistance training + protein group (n = 9; whey (17 g) + colostrum (3 g) + leucine (2 g)) or a resistance training + placebo group (n = 9). One-repetition maximum (1RM) strength in the leg press (LP) and leg extension (LE) exercises, maximal isometric knee extensor strength (MVIC), and muscle morphology (thickness (MT), cross-sectional area (CSA), pennation angle) of the dominant rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) was assessed before and after training. Participants performed LP and LE exercises (3 × 8-10; at 80% 1RM) 3 days/week for 4 weeks. Data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA with repeated measures. Four weeks of resistance training resulted in significant increases in LP (p < 0.001), LE (p < 0.001), MVIC (p < 0.001), RF MT (p < 0.001), RF CSA (p < 0.001), VL MT (p < 0.001), and VL CSA (p < 0.001). No between-group differences were observed. Although nutrition can significantly affect training adaptations, these results suggest that short-term resistance training augments muscle strength and size in previously untrained men with no additive benefit from postexercise protein supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.|Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
authors.forename: Carleigh H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Boone
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.|Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.|Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Beyer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.|Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.|Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
authors.forename: Jay R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins
keywords: force musculaire; hypertrophie; hypertrophy; morphologie musculaire; muscle morphology; muscle strength; protein; protéines; supplementation; supplémentation