title: Psychological Aspects of Genetic Counseling. X. Advanced Counseling Techniques.
abstract: Four procedures commonly used by experienced counselors are described: simple interview formulations, helping clients think through their problems, reframing, and role playing. Each procedure is illustrated by examples. Among other things, the goal of these procedures is to promote the autonomy and self-directedness of clients and thus are particularly valuable in circumstances requiring a nondirective stance. The need is underscored for a more active counseling stance appropriate to the psychological and problem-solving needs of genetic counselees.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kessler