title: Efficient degradation of trichloroethylene in water using persulfate activated by reduced graphene oxide-iron nanocomposite.
abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) and nano-sized zero-valent iron-reduced graphene oxide (nZVI-rGO) composite were prepared. The GO and nZVI-rGO composite were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy. The size of nZVI was about 6 nm as observed by TEM. The system of nZVI-rGO and persulfate (PS) was used for the degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in water, and showed 26.5% more efficiency as compared to nZVI/PS system. The different parameters were studied to determine the efficiency of nZVI-rGO to activate the PS system for the TCE degradation. By increasing the PS amount, TCE removal was also improved while no obvious effect was observed by varying the catalyst loading. Degradation was decreased as the TCE initial concentration was increased from 20 to 100 mg/L. Moreover, when initial solution pH was increased, efficiency deteriorated to 80%. Bicarbonate showed more negative effect on TCE removal among the solution matrix. To better understand the effects of radical species in the system, the scavenger tests were performed. The •SO4(-) and •O2(-) were predominant species responsible for TCE removal. The nZVI-rGO-activated PS process shows potential applications in remediation of highly toxic organic contaminants such as TCE present in the groundwater. Graphical abstract Persulfate activated by reduced graphene oxide and nano-sized zero-valent iron composite can be used for efficient degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in water.
authors.affiliation: State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Ayyaz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.|State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Xiaogang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Shuguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China. yshxu@ecust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yisheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China. guoxuhong@ecust.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang Bingtuan of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, 832000, China. guoxuhong@ecust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D017670:Sodium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014241:Trichloroethylene / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010087:Oxides; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D013431:Sulfates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014241:Trichloroethylene; D006108:Graphite; D007501:Iron; C024625:sodium persulfate
keywords: Iron; Persulfate; Reduced graphene oxide; Trichloroethylene degradation; Water treatment