title: Efficacy of a live attenuated vaccine in classical swine fever virus postnatally persistently infected pigs.
abstract: Classical swine fever (CSF) causes major losses in pig farming, with various degrees of disease severity. Efficient live attenuated vaccines against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) are used routinely in endemic countries. However, despite intensive vaccination programs in these areas for more than 20 years, CSF has not been eradicated. Molecular epidemiology studies in these regions suggests that the virus circulating in the field has evolved under the positive selection pressure exerted by the immune response to the vaccine, leading to new attenuated viral variants. Recent work by our group demonstrated that a high proportion of persistently infected piglets can be generated by early postnatal infection with low and moderately virulent CSFV strains. Here, we studied the immune response to a hog cholera lapinised virus vaccine (HCLV), C-strain, in six-week-old persistently infected pigs following post-natal infection. CSFV-negative pigs were vaccinated as controls. The humoral and interferon gamma responses as well as the CSFV RNA loads were monitored for 21 days post-vaccination. No vaccine viral RNA was detected in the serum samples and tonsils from CSFV postnatally persistently infected pigs for 21 days post-vaccination. Furthermore, no E2-specific antibody response or neutralising antibody titres were shown in CSFV persistently infected vaccinated animals. Likewise, no of IFN-gamma producing cell response against CSFV or PHA was observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the absence of a response to vaccination in CSFV persistently infected pigs.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. sara.munoz@cresa.uab.es.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muñoz-González
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. marta.perez@cresa.uab.es.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perez-Simó
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. marta.munoz@cresa.uab.es.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. jabohorquezg@unal.edu.co.
authors.forename: José Alejandro
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bohorquez
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. rosa.rosell@cresa.uab.es.|Departament d'Agricultura, Ramaderia, Pesca, Alimentació i Medi Natural, (DAAM), Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalunya, Spain. rosa.rosell@cresa.uab.es.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosell
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology and immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern, Switzerland. Artur.Summerfield@ivi.admin.ch.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Summerfield
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. mariano.domingo@cresa.uab.es.|Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. mariano.domingo@cresa.uab.es.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology and immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern, Switzerland. Nicolas.Ruggli@ivi.admin.ch.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruggli
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. llilianne.ganges@cresa.uab.es.
authors.forename: Llilianne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ganges
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006691:Classical Swine Fever / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006692:Classical Swine Fever Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D013552:Swine; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines