title: Differential modulation of avian β-defensin and Toll-like receptor expression in chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus.
abstract: The host innate immune response either clears invading viruses or allows the adaptive immune system to establish an effective antiviral response. In this study, both pathogenic (passage 3, P3) and attenuated (P110) infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains were used to study the immune responses of chicken to IBV infection. Expression of avian β-defensins (AvBDs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in 16 tissues of chicken were compared at 7 days PI. The results showed that P3 infection upregulated the expression of AvBDs, including AvBD2, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 12, while P110 infection downregulated the expression of AvBDs, including AvBD3, 4, 5, 6, and 9 in most tissues. Meanwhile, the expression level of several TLRs showed a general trend of upregulation in the tissues of P3-infected chickens, while they were downregulated in the tissues of P110-infected chickens. The result suggested that compared with the P110 strain, the P3 strain induced a more pronounced host innate immune response. Furthermore, we observed that recombinant AvBDs (including 2, 6, and 12) demonstrated obvious anti-viral activity against IBV in vitro. Our findings contribute to the proposal that IBV infection induces an increase in the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of some AvBDs and TLRs, which suggests that AvBDs may play significant roles in the resistance of chickens to IBV replication.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zongxi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China. mdy296@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Deying
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China. swliu@hvri.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Shengwang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D023083:beta-Defensins
keywords: Avian β-defensins; Chicken; Infectious bronchitis virus; Toll-like receptors