title: Attenuation of Colitis by Lactobacillus casei BL23 Is Dependent on the Dairy Delivery Matrix.
abstract: The role of the food delivery matrix in probiotic performance in the intestine is not well understood. Because probiotics are often provided to consumers in dairy products, we investigated the contributions of milk to the health-benefiting performance of Lactobacillus casei BL23 in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine model of ulcerative colitis. L. casei BL23 protected against the development of colitis when ingested in milk but not in a nutrient-free buffer simulating consumption as a nutritional supplement. Consumption of (acidified) milk alone also provided some protection against weight loss and intestinal inflammation but was not as effective as L. casei and milk in combination. In contrast, L. casei mutants deficient in DltD (lipoteichoic acid d-alanine transfer protein) or RecA (recombinase A) were unable to protect against DSS-induced colitis, even when consumed in the presence of milk. Mice fed either L. casei or milk contained reduced quantities of colonic proinflammatory cytokines, indicating that the L. casei DltD(-) and RecA(-) mutants as well as L. casei BL23 in nutrient-free buffer were effective at modulating immune responses. However, there was not a direct correlation between colitis and quantities of these cytokines at the time of sacrifice. Identification of the cecal microbiota by 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that L. casei in milk enriched for Comamonadaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae; however, the consumption of neither L. casei nor milk resulted in the restoration of the microbiota to resemble that of healthy animals. These findings strongly indicate that probiotic strain efficacy can be influenced by the food/supplement delivery matrix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
authors.forename: Bokyung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaochen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Griffey
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA mmarco@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Maria L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003092:Colitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D042621:Comamonadaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D050296:Microbial Viability; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D011938:Rec A Recombinases / Q000235:genetics; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D011938:Rec A Recombinases; C408973:DltD protein, bacteria; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases