title: Expression of developmental genes in brown fat cells grown in vitro is linked with lipid accumulation.
abstract: En1, Nr2f1, Gpc4, Sfrp2, Shox2, Tbx15 and Thbd are among the genes involved in development process of an organism in a number of tissues, in particular adipose tissue. Considering the involvement of isobutyl-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), indomethacin, dexamethasone (DEX), triiodothyronine (T3), and insulin in adipocyte differentiation, we propose that these differentiation-inducing agents may regulate differentiation in brown adipose tissue through a developmental process. Stromavascular cells isolated from interscapular brown fat of mice were cultured in DMEM-LG medium. Proliferating brown preadipocytes were differentiated in the presence of IBMX, indomethacin, DEX, T3 and insulin. Pref1 (marker of proliferation stage) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1, marker for differentiation stage) were upregulated during proliferation and differentiation, respectively. Relative expression of Pref1, UCP1 and developmental genes was determined in different stages of adipogenesis. En1, Gpc4, Nr2f1, Sfrp2 and Shox2 were upregulated during differentiation. Differentiation of preadipocytes in the absence of IBMX, indomethacin, and DEX resulted in drastic reduction in fat accumulation in differentiated adipocytes with simultaneous decrease in En1, Gpc4, Nr2f1, Sfrp2, Shox2 and Tbx15 gene expression. T3 upregulated the expression of En1, Gpc4, Sfrp2 and Tbx15 genes during differentiation and downregulated Shox2 expression as compared to proliferated state. Insulin upregulated the expression of Shox2.
authors.affiliation: Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India. ys_rajput@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Rajput
authors.affiliation: Dairy Chemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Barui
authors.affiliation: Dairy Chemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grover
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D052437:Adipocytes, Brown / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D050437:Genes, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D003907:Dexamethasone; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; D007213:Indomethacin
keywords: Adipocyte differentiation; Brown adipose tissue; Developmental gene; Induction medium; Proliferation