title: MMP-3 can distinguish isolated PMR from PMR with GCA: A retrospective study regarding PMR and GCA in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to identify clinical features at diagnosis that can distinguish isolated polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) without giant cell arteritis (GCA) from PMR with GCA, and clinical features at diagnosis of isolated PMR that can predict subsequent relapse and corticosteroid discontinuation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 115 patients with isolated PMR and 29 patients with GCA was performed. A comparison between isolated PMR patients, GCA patients (with or without PMR), and PMR with GCA patients was performed. Predictors of relapse and corticosteroid discontinuation were identified using a logistic regression in the patients with isolated PMR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) level was significantly different among the patient groups. MMP-3: 230.5 ± 201.5 ng/mL in isolated PMR, 80.5 ± 47.5 ng/mL in GCA (p < 0.01), and 96.8 ± 54.8 ng/mL in PMR with GCA (p = 0.03). In the patients with isolated PMR, female gender (odds ratio [OR], 2.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-6.41; p < 0.05) and creatinine (Cr) < 50 μmol/L (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.02-5.99; p < 0.05) were significant prognostic factors that predicted relapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low level of MMP-3 is an excellent positive predictor for PMR with GCA. Among patients with isolated PMR, female gender and Cr < 50 μmol/L were significant prognostic factors that predicted relapse.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.|c Department of Immunology and Rheumatology , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan.
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.affiliation: b Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nunokawa
authors.affiliation: a Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.affiliation: b Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yokogawa
authors.affiliation: a Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takizawa
authors.affiliation: b Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: b Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugii
authors.affiliation: a Department of Rheumatology , Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Keigo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Setoguchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D013700:Giant Cell Arteritis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000097:blood*; D011111:Polymyalgia Rheumatica / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3
keywords: Giant cell arteritis; MMP-3; Polymyalgia rheumatica; Predictors; Prognosis