title: A Case Report of Successful Treatment of Recalcitrant Childhood Localized Scleroderma with Infliximab and Leflunomide.
abstract: Herein we report successful treatment of an adolescent Caucasian female with severe progressive localized scleroderma (mixed subtype, including generalized morphea and linear scleroderma of the trunk/limb) using infliximab and leflunomide. The patient demonstrated improvement after the first 9 months of therapy based on her clinical examination, objective measures, and patient and parent global assessments. Infliximab is a potential treatment option for pediatric localized scleroderma patients who have progression of disease or who are unable to tolerate the side effect profile of more standard systemic therapy. Larger longitudinal studies or case series are needed to confirm and further investigate infliximab's role in localized scleroderma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
authors.forename: Ian D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Children's of Alabama, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave S, CPP North M210, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weiser
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Torok
keywords: Infliximab; leuflunomide; localized scleroderma; morphea; pediatric rheumatology