title: Prevalence of esophageal squamous papilloma (ESP) and associated cancer in northeastern France.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Esophageal squamous papilloma (ESP) is a rare lesion. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of ESP in northeastern France and the risk of associated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of 78 patients who were diagnosed with ESP between January 2005 and February 2013 at three hospitals in northeastern France were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 55 305 endoscopies were performed and 78 ESP were diagnosed (0.01 %). Patients with ESP included 44 males (56.4 %), 34 females (43.6 %); median age 50, interquartile range (IQR) 19 - 86. Median follow-up was 21 months (IQR 0 - 91 mo) and median time between first and second endoscopy was 7 months (IQR 0.5 - 74 mo). Of the total number of patients, 35 (44.9 %) had a second endoscopy. Main endoscopy indication was dyspepsia (24.4 %). Most ESP were isolated (93.6 %) and located at distal esophagus (27 cm, IQR 16 - 40 cm). Median size was 3 mm (IQR 1 - 20 mm). ESP-associated endoscopic lesions were hiatal hernia in 12 patients and esophagitis in 11 patients. Endoscopic treatment was mainly excisional biopsies (60.3 %). Human papillomavirus (HPV) was not detected in the 6 patients with available data. Low dysplasia was found in 2 ESP. During follow-up endoscopies, 2 SCC were detected in 2 different patients; the first SCC was located at the previous resection site of the ESP and the second had a different location. Prevalence of associated cancer was 1.3 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of ESP in northeastern France is similar to that previously reported. Endoscopic findings were also broadly the same as in previous reports. The occurrence of dysplasia and SCC should strongly encourage the endoscopist to totally remove the ESP and to start an endoscopic surveillance, given the potential risk of malignant transformation.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U954 and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Caroline
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: d'Huart
authors.affiliation: Inserm U954 and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Jean Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Chevaux
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Aude Marchal
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bressenot
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Metz Mercy Hospital, Metz, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Froment
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Lucine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vuitton
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Séverine Valmary
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Degano
authors.affiliation: Inserm CIC-EC CIE6, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France and Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Evaluation, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Clotide
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Latarche
authors.affiliation: Inserm U954 and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Marc André
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bigard
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Metz Mercy Hospital, Metz, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Courrier
authors.affiliation: Inserm U954 and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hudziak
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Metz Mercy Hospital, Metz, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kull
authors.affiliation: Inserm U954 and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peyrin-Biroulet