title: Prediction of osteoporosis using dental radiographs and age in females.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of dental radiograph as a screening tool for diagnosis of osteoporosis in females.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, 50 women between the age group of 40-60 were recruited, and patients with systemic disorder and taking calcium supplements, and women who are not willing for investigation were excluded. Their detailed medical history was obtained and dental radiographs were made, bone mineral density was measured at left radial bone using ultrasound. The radiographs were subjected to image analysis method using manual tracing of gonial angle, antegonial angle, antegonial depth, antegonial index, mental index and mandibular cortical index. Statistical discrimination analysis was applied to predict the presence of osteoporosis. With use of these indices, the sensitivity and specificity of orthopantomograph (OPG) radiograph to assess age-related changes in bone were compared. Radiomorphometric indices (RMI) were also scrutinized to depict the sensitivity and specificity of each index in the prediction of osteoporosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study results showed no significant differences between bone mineral density (BMD) and radiomorphometric analysis in the diagnoses of osteoporotic females. Out of 29, diagnosed as osteoporotic by radiograph 23 were confirmed by BMD and six were diagnosed as osteopenic. Among the six indices used, AGA and AGD showed more reproducible results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With our study results, we come to an arrival that OPG radiographs show overall sensitivity of 0.75 or 75% and specificity of 0.81 or 81% in the diagnosis of osteoporosis, and that anti gonial angle (AGA) and anti gonial depth (AGD) are the most reliable indices. Hence, we conclude that panoramic-based RMI can be used as an ancillary method in the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Guduba
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vijay
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Parita K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Chitroda
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Girish
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Katti
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Syed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahbaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.lastname: Bhuvaneshwari
keywords: Bone mineral density; OPG; menopause; osteoporosis