title: Multicentre investigation of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in Chinese patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A prospective observational study to investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in Beijing, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with AECOPD were recruited from 11 general hospitals. Sputum specimens were cultured and bacteria identified. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined for each isolate, and presence of antibiotic resistance genes was evaluated using polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 109/318 patients (34.28%); 124 isolates of 22 pathogenic bacterial species were identified, including Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.94%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.94%), Acinetobacter baumannii (11.29%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (8.87%), and Staphylococcus aureus (7.26%). S. aureus was sensitive to tigecycline, teicoplanin, vancomycin and linezolid but resistant to penicillin and levofloxacin. K.pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii and E. coli were susceptible to amikacin and cefoperazone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa are the most common pathogenic bacteria in AECOPD cases in Beijing, China. Our antibiotic resistance findings may be helpful in selecting antibiotic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiuqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Junchang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, the PLA Second Artillery Force General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qiuhong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, PLA 307 Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Fengtai Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiumei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Navy General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Huasong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, the PLA Second Artillery Force General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, PLA 309 Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Weiguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, PLA 304 Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhongguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, PLA 306 Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Airforce General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chunsun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China chenliangan301@163.com.
authors.forename: Liangan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044466:Asian People; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000068476:Beijing; D003710:Demography; D018450:Disease Progression; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; acute exacerbation; antibiotic resistance gene; bacteriology