title: A Review of Carbon Dioxide Monitoring During Adult Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
abstract: Although high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation is one of the most significant factors related to favourable outcome, its quality depends on many components, such as airway management, compression depth and chest recoil, hands-off time, and early defibrillation. The most common way of controlling the resuscitation efforts is monitoring of end-tidal carbon dioxide. The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation suggests this method both for in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, despite the abundant human and animal studies supporting the usefulness of end-tidal carbon dioxide, its optimal values during cardiopulmonary resuscitation remain controversial. In this review, the advantages and effectiveness of end-tidal carbon dioxide during cardiopulmonary resuscitation are discussed and specific target values are suggested based on the available literature.
authors.affiliation: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, "Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation", Athens, Greece. Electronic address: chpantazo@yahoo.gr.
authors.forename: Charalampos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pantazopoulos
authors.affiliation: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, "Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation", Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xanthos
authors.affiliation: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, "Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation", Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pantazopoulos
authors.affiliation: ELPEN Research -Experimental Centre, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Apostolos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papalois
authors.affiliation: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Department of Biopathology, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Evangelia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kouskouni
authors.affiliation: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Neonatology Department, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iacovidou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019296:Capnography / Q000379:methods*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood*; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: Adults.; Capnography; Capnometry; End-tidal carbon dioxide; Monitoring; Resuscitation