title: Synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Jasminum nervosum leaf extract and its larvicidal activity against filarial and arboviral vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae).
abstract: Silver and gold nanoparticles of Jasminum nervosum L. had unique optical properties such as broad absorbance band in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Characterization of the nanoparticles using UV spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the particles were silver (AgNPs) and gold (AuNPs) ranging between 4-22 and 2-20 nm with an average particles size of 9.4 and 10 nm, respectively. AgNPs and AuNPs of J. nervosum had high larvicidal activity on the filarial and arboviral vector, Culex quinquefasciatus, than the leaf aqueous extract. Observed lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC95) against the third instar larvae were 57.40 and 144.36 μg/ml for AgNPs and 82.62 and 254.68 μg/ml for AuNPs after 24 h treatment, respectively. The lethal time to kill 50% of C. quinquefasciatus larvae were 2.24 and 4.51 h at 150 μg/ml of AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively, while in the case of aqueous leaf extract of J. nervosum it was 9.44 h at 500 μg/ml (F 2,14 = 397.51, P < 0.0001). The principal component analysis plot presented differential clustering of the aqueous leaf extract, AgNP and AuNPs in relation to lethal dose and lethal time. It is concluded from the present findings that the biosynthesised AgNPs and AuNPs using leaf aqueous extract of J. nervosum could be an environmentally safer nanobiopesticide, and provided potential larvicidal effect on C. quinquefasciatus larvae which could be used for prevention of several dreadful diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lallawmawma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India.
authors.forename: Gnanasekar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sathishkumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India.
authors.forename: Subburayan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarathbabu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India.
authors.forename: Souvik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghatak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India.
authors.forename: Sivaperumal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivaramakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India.
authors.forename: Guruswami
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gurusubramanian
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India. nskmzu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nachimuthu Senthil
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects; D003465:Culex / Q000187:drug effects*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031660:Jasminum / Q000737:chemistry; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012834:Silver; D006046:Gold
keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus; FTIR; Jasminum nervosum; Larvicidal activity; Metal nanoparticles; TEM