title: Laparoscopic right colectomy reduces short-term mortality and morbidity. Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While definitive long-term results are not yet available, the global safety and oncologic adequacy of laparoscopic surgery for right colectomy remain controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in safety of laparoscopic right colectomy, compared with open surgery, with particular attention to cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review from 1991 to 2014 was performed searching the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42014015256). We included randomised and controlled clinical studies comparing laparoscopic and open resection for rectal cancer. Primary endpoints were 30 days mortality and overall morbidity. Then, a meta-analysis was conducted by a fixed-effect model, performing a sensitivity analysis by a random-effect model. Relative risk (RR) was used as an indicator of treatment effect; a RR less than 1.0 was in favour of laparoscopy. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plot, heterogeneity by the I (2) test and subgroup analysis on oncologic patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven studies, representing 3049 patients, met the inclusion criteria; only 2 were randomised for a total of 211 patients. Mortality was observed in 1.2 % of patients in the laparoscopic group and in 3.4 % of patients in the open group. The overall RR was 0.45 (95 % CI 0.21-0.93, p = 0.031). The raw incidence of overall complications was significantly lower in the laparoscopic group (16.8 %) compared to the open group (24.2 %). The overall RR was 0.81 (95 % CI 0.70-0.95, p = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the evidence of few randomised and mostly controlled series, mortality and morbidity were significantly lower after laparoscopy compared to open surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy. alberto.arezzo@mac.com.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arezzo
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Passera
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gonella
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Oncologic Surgery, University of Perugia, Terni, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cirocchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morino
mesh_terms: D003082:Colectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality
keywords: Colon cancer; Colon neoplasms; Laparoscopy; Meta-analysis; Right colectomy; Systematic review