title: Facial profile esthetic preferences: perception in two Brazilian states.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the regional influence on the perception of facial profile esthetics in Rio de Janeiro state (RJ) and Rio Grande do Sul state (RS), Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two Caucasian models, a man and a woman, with balanced facial profiles, had their photographs digitally manipulated so as to produce seven different profiles. First year dental students (laypeople) assessed the images and classified them according to their esthetic preference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The result of the t test for independent samples showed differences among states for certain facial profiles. The female photograph identified with the letter 'G' (mandibular retrusion) received higher scores in RS state (p = 0.006). No differences were found for male photographs (p > 0.007). The evaluators' sex seemed not to influence their esthetic perception (p > 0.007). Considering all evaluators together, ANOVA/Tukey's test showed differences among the profiles (p ≤ 0.05) for both male and female photographs. The female photograph that received the highest score was the one identified with the letter 'F' (dentoalveolar bimaxillary retrusion/ straight profile). For the male profiles, photograph identified with the letter 'E' (dentoalveolar bimaxillary protrusion/ straight profile) received the best score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regional differences were observed regarding preferences of facial profile esthetics. In Rio de Janeiro state, more prominent lips were preferred while in Rio Grande do Sul state, profiles with straight lips were favored. Class III profiles were considered less attractive.
authors.affiliation: Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina Detoni Vieira de
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Lopes da
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Trindade
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Mattos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marquezan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001290:Attitude; D001504:Beauty; D044383:Black People / Q000523:psychology; D001938:Brazil / Q000208:ethnology; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D004954:Esthetics; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods; D012737:Sex Factors; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult