title: Effect of Spinal Manipulative Therapy on the Singing Voice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the effect of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) on the singing voice of male individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, controlled, case-crossover trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine subjects were selected among male members of the Heralds of the Gospel. This association was chosen because it is a group of persons with similar singing activities. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: (A) chiropractic SMT procedure and (B) nontherapeutic transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) procedure. Recordings of the singing voice of each participant were taken immediately before and after the procedures. After a 14-day period, procedures were switched between groups: participants who underwent SMT on the first day were subjected to TENS and vice versa. Recordings were subjected to perceptual audio and acoustic evaluations. The same recording segment of each participant was selected. Perceptual audio evaluation was performed by a specialist panel (SP). Recordings of each participant were randomly presented thus making the SP blind to intervention type and recording session (before/after intervention). Recordings compiled in a randomized order were also subjected to acoustic evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences in the quality of the singing on perceptual audio evaluation were observed between TENS and SMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No differences in the quality of the singing voice of asymptomatic male singers were observed on perceptual audio evaluation or acoustic evaluation after a single spinal manipulative intervention of the thoracic and cervical spine.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chiropractic., Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula A
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Fachinatto
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Medical Science Faculty of Santa Casa de São Paulo Hospital, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: adcduprat@gmail.com.
authors.forename: André de Campos
authors.initials: Ade C
authors.lastname: Duprat
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Santa Casa de São Paulo Hospital, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marta Andrada E
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Clinic Axis Column Clinic, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Sawaya Botelho
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Bracher
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chiropractic., Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Camila de Carvalho
authors.initials: Cde C
authors.lastname: Benedicto
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chiropractic., Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Victor Botta Colangelo
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chiropractic., Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maruan Nogueira
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chiropractic., Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: Beatriz Suster Gomes
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Fonseca
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001307:Auditory Perception; D001938:Brazil; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D020393:Manipulation, Spinal; D008875:Middle Aged; D011187:Posture; D063346:Singing; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013997:Time Factors; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation; D014833:Voice Quality; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chiropractic; Singing voice; Spinal manipulative therapy