title: In vitro study of the apical microleakage with resilon root canal filling using different final endodontic irrigants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endodontic microleakage or microfiltration refers to the percolation of fluids and micro-organisms at the interface of the obturation material and the walls of the root canal system. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare apical microfiltration of Resilon root canal filling by employing three different final irrigant solutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  128 single-rooted teeth were employed. The crowns were sectioned horizontally at the cemento-enamel junction and instrumented with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% EDTA gel to obtain an instrumented 040 apical caliber. An intermediate irrigation was performed with distilled water. The roots were then randomly assigned to three experimental groups with three different final irrigants: (A) 20% citric acid (CA); (B) 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX); and (C) 5.25% NaOCl, plus two control groups (positive and negative). They were then dried, obturated with RealSeal™, and cleared by Robertson's technique. Apical microleakage was measured by the dye penetration method and assessed with a 4.5x stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed by one way ANOVA and post hoc analysis for multiple comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean and standard deviations for apical microleakage were: 2% CHX (0.24 mm ± 0.22), 20% CA (0.25 mm ± 0.20), and 5.25% NaOCl (0.87 mm ± 0.32). Significant differences were reported among the group irrigated with NaOCl, CHX and CA (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher rate of apical microleakage was observed when the final irrigation was performed with NaOCl whilst lower rates were reported for CHX and CA. Key words:Apical filtration, endodontic irrigation, resin-based sealers, adhesion, root canal filling.
authors.affiliation: DDS, Endodontics Unit. Departament d'Odontostomatologia. Facultat d'Odontologia. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lahor-Soler
authors.affiliation: MD, DDS, PhD, Periodontics Unit. Departament d'Odontostomatologia. Facultat d'Odontologia. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miranda-Rius
authors.affiliation: MD, DDS, PhD, Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Unit. Servei d'Odontologia. Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Lluís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brunet-Llobet
authors.affiliation: MD, PhD, Clinical Pharmacology Unit. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol-IGTP and Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Magí
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farré
authors.affiliation: MD, DDS, PhD, Endodontics Unit. Departament d'Odontostomatologia. Facultat d'Odontologia. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pumarola