title: Ion Exchange and Antibiofouling Properties of Poly(ether sulfone) Membranes Prepared by the Surface Immobilization of Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquids via Double-Click Reactions.
abstract: Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) are unique ionic liquids that display chemical structures similar to zwitterions, and they were typically used as solvents and catalysts. In this work, an imidazole-based BAIL monolayer was fabricated onto poly(ether sulfone) (PES) membranes via surface clicking reactions, and the multifunctionality, including ion exchange and biofouling resistance to proteins and bacteria, was demonstrated, which was believed to be one of few works in which BAIL had been considered to be a novel fouling resistance layer for porous membranes. The successful immobilization of the BAILs onto a membrane surface was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, contact angle measurement, and ζ potential determination. The results from Raman spectroscopy showed that, as a decisive step prior to zwitterion, the BAIL was deprotonated in aqueous solution, and biofouling resistance to proteins and bacteria was found. However, BAIL displayed ion exchange ability at lower pH, and surface hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of membranes could be tuned on purpose. Our results have demonstrated that the BAIL grafted onto membranes will not only act as an antibiofouling barrier like zwitterions but also provide a platform for surface chemical tailoring by ion exchange, the property of which will become especially important in acidic solutions where the fouling resistance performances of zwitterions are greatly weakened.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Cui-Jing
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
authors.forename: You-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D052578:Ionic Liquids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers