title: Epidemiological burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in children and adolescents with predisposing risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Some medical conditions constitute important risk factors for the development of invasive pneumococcal diseases in children and adolescents aged from 5 to 19 years. Conjugate vaccines have potential efficacy in this scenario, but are not available in many Latin American public healthcare systems for this age group. This study aimed to estimate the preventable fraction of invasive pneumococcal diseases among individuals aged from 5 to 19 years with associated risk factors for its development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data regarding the Latin America population, risk factors prevalence and conjugate vaccines efficacy were obtained from the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total population at risk ranged from 17.3 to 64.6 million of individuals and asthma was the most impacting risk factor. According to SIREVA, PCV13 provided a 62.9% serotypes coverage in individuals from 5 to 29 years in 2012, potentially increasing the covered population from [8,338,457-31,057,620] with PCV10 to [10,906,356-40,622,078] with PCV13. To date, according to available efficacy data, the hypothetically immunized population ranged from 11.4 to 42.4 million, representing 7.0% to 26.0% of the total population in this age group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vaccination in risk groups should be encouraged, as it potentially contributes to the reduction in the number of cases of invasive pneumococcal disease.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: luizahfc@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Luiza Helena
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Falleiros-Arlant
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eitan Naaman
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Berezin
authors.affiliation: Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera, San José, Costa Rica.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Avila-Aguero
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Maria Catalina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pirez
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutierrez, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gentile
authors.affiliation: Secretaría de Salud del Estado de Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Vesta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.affiliation: Centro Medico Universidad Central Del Este, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brea
authors.affiliation: Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mariño
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
keywords: Adolescent; Child; Conjugate; Latin America; Pneumococcal Vaccines; Vaccines