title: Nitrospirillum irinus sp. nov., a diazotrophic bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Iris and emended description of the genus Nitrospirillum.
abstract: A polyphasic approach was used to characterize a novel nitrogen-fixing bacterial strain, designated YC6995(T), isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Iris ensata var. spontanea (Makino) Nakai inhabiting a wetland located at an altitude of 960 m on Jiri Mountain, Korea. Strain YC6995(T) cells were Gram-negative, and rod-shaped, with motility provided by a single polar flagellum. Optimal growth conditions were 30 °C and pH 7.0. The major fatty acids of strain YC6995(T) were C18:1 ω7c, C18:1 2-OH and C16:0 3-OH. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified glycolipids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 64.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed strain YC6995(T) to form a phyletic lineage with Nitrospirillum amazonense DSM 2787(T) with a high sequence similarity (97.2 %), but it displayed low sequence similarity with other remotely related genera, including Azospirillum (<93 %), Rhodocista (93.1-93.4 %), and Skermanella (91.2-93.3 %) in the family Alphaproteobacteria. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic evidences, strain YC6995(T) represents a novel species within the genus Nitrospirillum, for which the name Nitrospirillum irinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6995(T) (= KACC 13777(T) = DSM 22198(T)). An emended description of the genus Nitrospirillum is also proposed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eu Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Tae Soon
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Che Ok
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Hae-In
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Woo-Suk
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Zubair
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aslam
authors.forename: Young Ryun
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005407:Flagella / Q000502:physiology; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007498:Iris / Q000382:microbiology; D008124:Locomotion; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D058441:Rhizosphere; D012244:Rhodospirillaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006017:Glycolipids; D010743:Phospholipids; D011809:Quinones; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S