title: Reliability and validity of a dual-task test for skill proficiency in roundhouse kicks in elite taekwondo athletes.
abstract: The dual-task methodology, conducting two tasks simultaneously, may provide better validity than the traditional single-task tests in the environment that is closely related to real sport competitions. The purpose of this study is to determine the reliability and validity of a dual-task test that aims to measure the reaction time and skill proficiency in roundhouse kicks in elite and sub-elite taekwondo athletes. The dual-task results were compared to those in the single-task movements with various levels of complexity. The single-task movements A, B, and C were composed of one, three, and five roundhouse kicks, respectively. The dual-task movement D was composed of movement C and a push of a button in response to a light stimulus as the secondary task. The subjects were 12 elite and 12 sub-elite male taekwondo athletes. The test included four movements with five repeats of each movement in a randomized order. Each subject conducted the same test on two consecutive days. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) showed moderate-to-high correlation in the premotor time (ICC =0.439-0.634 in elite and ICC =0.681-0.824 in sub-elite), motor time (ICC =0.861-0.956 in elite and ICC =0.721-0.931 in sub-elite), and reaction time (ICC =0.692 in elite and ICC =0.676 in sub-elite) in the secondary task in both groups. The elite athletes had significantly faster premotor time than their sub-elite counterparts in all the four movements (all P<0.05). The largest difference lies in the reaction time in the secondary task, in which the elite group (0.248±0.026 seconds) was 33.0% faster than the sub-elite group (0.370±0.081 seconds) (P<0.001). This study shows that the test developed in this study has reasonable reliability and validity in both single- and dual-task methods. In addition, the dual-task method may be a more appropriate way to assess the reaction time and skill proficiency in taekwondo athletes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Fan
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Combat Sport, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuei-Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Sport Science Research Center, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Kang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chang
keywords: elite athlete; motor time; premotor time; reaction time; roundhouse kick