title: Comparison of tapentadol with tramadol for analgesia after cardiac surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tapentadol is a relatively new analgesic. We decided to compare it with tramadol for their various effects after cardiac surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study in a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty adults undergoing cardiac surgery were divided into 2 groups of 30 each by computerized random allotment (Group X = tapentadol 50 mg oral and Group Y = tramadol 100 mg oral). Informed Consent and Institutional Ethics Committee approval were obtained. The patients were given either drug X or drug Y after extubation in this single blinded study, wherein the data collectors and analyzers were blinded to the study. All patients received oral paracetamol qds and either drug X or drug Y tds. The pain score was noted on a Visual Analog Scale before each drug dose, 3 h later and on coughing. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure were recorded before the drug dose and 3 h later. Postoperative nausea or vomiting (PONV), temperature, and modified Glasgow Coma Scale readings were recorded. The above readings were obtained for 6 doses (up to 48 h after extubation).
  
  
  METHODS
  t-test, Pearson Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and Mantel-Haenszel test were used for statistics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tapentadol group patients had significantly better analgesia 3 h after the drug and "on coughing" than tramadol group. The difference in their effects on blood creatinine levels, temperature, hemodynamics, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate were not clinically significant. Tapentadol produced lesser drowsiness and lesser vomiting than tramadol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tapentadol, due to its norepinephrine reuptake inhibition properties, in addition to mu agonist, is a better analgesic than tramadol and has lesser PONV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Srinivas Kalyanaraman
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: Gokulakrishnan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: Sivakumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramakrishnan
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Theodore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077432:Tapentadol; D014147:Tramadol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D010636:Phenols; D014147:Tramadol; D000077432:Tapentadol