title: Type 1 Diabetes Among East African Immigrant and Nonimmigrant Black Youth in the U.S.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes has not previously been described in East African immigrant youth in the United States. The purpose of this study was to compare East African immigrant and nonimmigrant Black youth with type 1 diabetes. Among other clinical and demographic differences, estimated prevalence of type 1 diabetes was nearly four times higher among East African youth in King County, Washington (6.20/1000, 95% confidence interval (CI) [4.49, 7.91] vs. 1.56/1000, 95% CI [1.03, 2.09]) compared to nonimmigrant Black youth. These observations are lost within the Black/African American race classification and additional work is needed to confirm and further explore these findings.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle, WA; Seattle Children's Hospital, Division of Endocrinology, Seattle, WA. Electronic address: rebeccao@uw.edu.
authors.forename: M Rebecca
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dobra
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.affiliation: Seattle Children's Hospital, Division of Endocrinology, Seattle, WA; University of Washington, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pihoker
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Ardith
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doorenbos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000351:Africa, Eastern / Q000208:ethnology; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017677:Age Distribution; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Africa; Ethnicity; Immigrants; Pediatrics; Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Youth