title: Automated brain computed tomographic densitometry of early ischemic changes in acute stroke.
abstract: The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score (ASPECTS) scoring method is frequently used for quantifying early ischemic changes (EICs) in patients with acute ischemic stroke in clinical studies. Varying interobserver agreement has been reported, however, with limited agreement. Therefore, our goal was to develop and evaluate an automated brain densitometric method. It divides CT scans of the brain into ASPECTS regions using atlas-based segmentation. EICs are quantified by comparing the brain density between contralateral sides. This method was optimized and validated using CT data from 10 and 63 patients, respectively. The automated method was validated against manual ASPECTS, stroke severity at baseline and clinical outcome after 7 to 10 days (NIH Stroke Scale, NIHSS) and 3 months (modified Rankin Scale). Manual and automated ASPECTS showed similar and statistically significant correlations with baseline NIHSS ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively) and with follow-up mRS ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), except for the follow-up NIHSS. Agreement between automated and consensus ASPECTS reading was similar to the interobserver agreement of manual ASPECTS (differences [Formula: see text] point in 73% of cases). The automated ASPECTS method could, therefore, be used as a supplementary tool to assist manual scoring.
authors.affiliation: Leiden University Medical Center , Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Albinusdreef 2 Leiden 2333 AA, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Berend C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Stoel
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center , Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ; Academic Medical Center , Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henk A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Marquering
authors.affiliation: Leiden University Medical Center , Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Albinusdreef 2 Leiden 2333 AA, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marius
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Staring
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center , Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ludo F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Beenen
authors.affiliation: University of Twente , MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cornelis H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Slump
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center , Department of Neurology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yvo B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center , Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Charles B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Majoie
keywords: ASPECTS scoring; computed tomography; densitometry; image processing; stroke