title: Metabolites from Combretum dolichopetalum and its associated endophytic fungus Nigrospora oryzae--Evidence for a metabolic partnership.
abstract: A new altersolanol derivative, 4-dehydroxyaltersolanol A (9), along with two known sesquiterpenoids, (S)-7'-hydroxyabscisic acid (7) and (S)-abscisic acid (8) were obtained from the endophytic fungus, Nigrospora oryzae, isolated from leaves of Combretum dolichopetalum. The host plant yielded six known compounds including ellagic acid (1), 3, 3', 4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (2), arjunolic acid (3), 4'-dihydrophaseic acid (4), echinulin (5) and arestrictin B (6). Close structural similarities with regard to compounds 4, 7 and 8 were observed between the metabolites from the host plant and those of the endophytic fungus. Furthermore compounds 5 and 6 are related to alkaloids isolated from N. oryzae previously thus stressing the notion that some of the isolated plant metabolites may actually be of fungal origin. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D NMR, MS, and by comparison with the literature. 4-Dehydroxyaltersolanol A (9) and 3, 3', 4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (2) showed cytotoxicity against L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells with IC50 values of 9.4 and 29.0 μM, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, Geb.26.23, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001 Enugu State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Philip F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Uzor
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, Geb.26.23, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Weaam
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ebrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001 Enugu State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Patience O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Osadebe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001 Enugu State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Justina N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Nwodo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Festus B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Okoye
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Werner E G
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 100191 Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenhan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, Geb.26.23, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Electronic address: zhenfeizi0@sina.com.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, Geb.26.23, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Electronic address: proksch@uni-duesseldorf.de.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Proksch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D029765:Combretum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D060026:Endophytes / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C000603093:4-dehydroxyaltersolanol A; D000880:Anthraquinones; C058812:altersolanol A
keywords: Altersolanol; Combretum dolichopetalum; Cytotoxicity; Nigrospora oryzae