title: Predictors of Mortality in Acute Ischemic Stroke Intervention: Analysis of the North American Solitaire Acute Stroke Registry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Failure to recanalize predicts mortality in acute ischemic stroke. In the North American Solitaire Acute Stroke registry, we investigated parameters associated with mortality in successfully recanalized patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Logistic regression was used to evaluate baseline characteristics and recanalization parameters for association with 90-day mortality. A multivariable model was developed based on backward selection with retention criteria of P<0.05 from factors with at least marginal significance (P≤0.10), then refit to minimize the number of excluded cases (missing data).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Successfully recanalized patients had lower mortality (25.2% [59/234] versus 46.9% [38/81] P<0.001). There was no difference in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage between patients with successful versus failed recanalization (9% [21/234] versus 14% [11/79]; P=0.205). However, mortality was significantly higher in patients with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (72% [23/32] versus 26% [73/281]; P<0.001). Proximal occlusion (internal carotid artery or vertebrobasilar), initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale≥18, use of rescue therapy (P<0.05), and 3+ passes (P<0.10) were associated with mortality in recanalized patients. In the multivariate model with good predictive power (c index=0.72), proximal occlusion, initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale≥18, and use of rescue therapy remained significant independent predictors of 90-day mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Failure to recanalize and presence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage resulted in increased mortality. Despite successful recanalization, proximal occlusion, high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and need for rescue therapy were predictors of mortality.
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.). italol@baptisthealth.net.
authors.forename: Italo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Linfante
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Gail R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Alicia C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Castonguay
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dabus
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Amy K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Starosciak
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Albert J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abou-Chebl
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Gavin W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Britz
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Franklin A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Marden
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Alexandria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Rishi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Chun-Huan J
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Coleman
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Holloway
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mueller-Kronast
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Joey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: English
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Tim W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Malisch
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Hormozd
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bozorgchami
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Ansaar T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Froehler
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Aamir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badruddin
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Thanh N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: M Asif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Taqi
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Vallabh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Janardhan
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Hashem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shaltoni
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Novakovic
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Peng R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Ritesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaushal
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Mohammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Issa
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Raul G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.affiliation: From the Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., G.D., A.A.) and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital (I.L., G.R.W., G.D., A.K.S., A.A., J.D.E.), Miami, FL; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (A.J.Y.); Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX (G.W.B.); Baptist Health Louisville, KY (A.A.-C.); Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL (F.A.M.. T.W.M.); Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee (A.C.C., M.A.I.. O.O.Z.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (R.G., C.-H.J.S., R.G.N.); St. Luke's Kansas City, MO (C.M., W.E.H.); Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL (N.M.-K.); California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (J.D.E.); Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland (H.B.); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (A.X.); West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, (A.T.R.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.T.F.); Provena St. Joseph Medical Center, Joliet, IL (A.B.); Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.); Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA (M.A.T.); University of Kansas Medical Center, KS (M.G.A.); Texas Stroke Institute, Plano (V.J.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (H.S.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (R.N.); The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (P.R.C.); St. Louis University, MO (R.K.); and University of Missouri, Columbia (A.N.).
authors.forename: Osama O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Zaidat
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality* / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: carotid artery, internal; intracra; mortality; nial hemorrhages; stroke; thrombectomy