title: Chemotherapy-related complications in the kidneys and collecting system: an imaging perspective.
abstract: Nephrotoxicity is a common adverse effect of many chemotherapeutic agents. The agents most commonly associated with chemotherapy-associated nephrotoxicity are methotrexate, semustine, streptozocin, mithramycin, and cisplatin. Certain chemotherapeutic agents have adverse effects on the kidneys and urothelium that can be visualized radiographically, including cystic change, interstitial nephritis, papillary necrosis, urothelial changes, haemorrhagic cystitis, acute tubular necrosis, and infarction. This review focuses on imaging features identifying complications of chemotherapy in the kidneys and collecting system and provides didactic cases to alert referring clinicians.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Nephrotoxicity is a common adverse effect of many chemotherapeutic agents. • Chemotherapies have adverse renal and urothelial effects that can be visualized radiographically. • Crizotinib use can result in the development of complex renal cysts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 101 The City Drive South, Mail Code: 5005, Orange, CA, 92868, USA, jemtbautista@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jemianne Bautista
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Chandana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lall
authors.forename: Temel
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tirkes
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gulati
authors.forename: Ramit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lamba
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Goodwin