title: Extracellular vesicles as new pharmacological targets to treat atherosclerosis.
abstract: Extracellular vesicles released by most cell types, include apoptotic bodies (ABs), microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes. They play a crucial role in physiology and pathology, contributing to "cell-to-cell" communication by modifying the phenotype and the function of target cells. Thus, extracellular vesicles participate in the key processes of atherosclerosis from endothelial dysfunction, vascular wall inflammation to vascular remodeling. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings on extracellular vesicle formation, structure, release and clearance. We focus on the deleterious and beneficial effects of extracellular vesicles in the development of atherosclerosis. The potential role of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers and pharmacological targets, their innate therapeutic capacity, or their use for novel drug delivery devices in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases will also be discussed.
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 56, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Université PAris Diderot, Paris 7, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 56, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Loyer
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 56, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. Electronic address: chantal.boulanger@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Chantal M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Boulanger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Apoptotic bodies; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular diseases; Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; Microvesicles; Pharmacological targets