title: Biochemical, Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of the Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Thymoquinone against Ischemia and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Rat Ovary.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the antioxidant effects of thymoquinone (TQ) and to investigate the biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in experimental rat ovarian torsion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 48 female adult rats were used in this study and randomly divided into 7 groups: (1) sham operation; (2) bilateral 3-hour ovarian ischemia; (3) 3-hour ischemia and 3-hour reperfusion; (4) and (5) rats were administered 20 and 40 mg/kg of TQ, respectively, before 0.5 h of ischemia, and then 3 h of ovarian ischemia was applied; (6) and (7) 3-hour ovarian ischemia was applied; 2.5 h after the induction of ischemia, rats were administered the same doses of TQ; at the end of 3 h of ischemia, a 3-hour reperfusion was applied. Histologic changes under light microscopy, immunoreactivity for anticaspase-3 and serum levels of malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were noted and compared between the 7 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion cause a deterioration of biochemical and histopathological parameters. Administration of TQ seems to reverse these alterations and alleviate the injury. Antioxidant defense mechanisms appear to be enhanced by the administration of TQ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TQ at different doses attenuates ovarian ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Recep Tayyip Erdox011F;an University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ülkü
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Mete Ural
authors.forename: Yeşim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bayoğlu Tekin
authors.forename: İbrahim
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Şehitoğlu
authors.forename: Yıldıray
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kalkan
authors.forename: Medine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cumhur Cüre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007511:Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D016227:Benzoquinones; C003466:thymoquinone