title: Effectiveness of Natural Antifungal Compounds in Controlling Infection by Grapevine Trunk Disease Pathogens through Pruning Wounds.
abstract: Grapevine trunk fungal pathogens, such as Diplodia seriata and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, can infect plants through pruning wounds. They cause grapevine trunk diseases and are involved in grapevine decline. Accordingly, the protection of pruning wounds is crucial for the management of grapevine trunk diseases. The efficacy of different natural antifungals in inhibiting the growth of several fungi causing grapevine trunk diseases was evaluated in vitro. The fungi showing greater in vitro efficacy were tested on autoclaved grape wood assays against D. seriata and P. chlamydospora. Based on results from these assays, chitosan oligosaccharide, vanillin, and garlic extract were selected for further evaluation on pruning wounds inoculated with D. seriata and P. chlamydospora in field trials. A significant decrease in plant mortality was observed after 2 years of growth in the plants treated with the different natural antifungals compared to the mortality rate observed in infected plants that were not treated with antifungals. Also, the infection rate for the inoculated pathogens was significantly reduced in plants treated with the selected natural antifungals. Therefore, natural antifungals represent a promising alternative for disease control and could provide significant economic benefits for the grape-growing industry.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación de la Viña y el Vino, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cobos
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación de la Viña y el Vino, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mateos
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación de la Viña y el Vino, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Álvarez-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación de la Viña y el Vino, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Olego
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación de la Viña y el Vino, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sevillano
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación de la Viña y el Vino, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: González-García
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación de la Viña y el Vino, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garzón-Jimeno
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación de la Viña y el Vino, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria, Universidad de León, León, Spain jjrubc@unileon.es.
authors.forename: Juan José R
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Coque
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D027843:Vitis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014934:Wood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents