title: Elevated rates of mild cognitive impairment in HIV disease.
abstract: With the rising number of individuals in their 50s and 60s who are infected with HIV, concerns have emerged about possible increases in the rates of non-HIV-associated dementias. The current study examined the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older HIV-infected adults, since MCI is an intermediate state between typical cognitive aging and dementia that emerges in this age range. Participants included 75 adults with HIV disease aged 50 years and older who were on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and had undetectable plasma viral loads and 80 demographically similar HIV-seronegative comparison subjects. Participants completed a research neuropsychological evaluation that was used to classify MCI according to the comprehensive diagnostic scheme described by Bondi et al. (J Alzheimers Dis 42:275-289, 2014). HIV-infected persons were over seven times more likely to have an MCI designation (16 %) than their seronegative counterparts (2.5 %). Within the HIV+ cohort, MCI had minimal overlap with diagnoses of asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment and was significantly associated with older age, lower Karnofsky Scale of Performance Scores, and mild difficulties performing instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs). HIV infection in older adults is associated with a notably elevated concurrent risk of MCI, which may increase the likelihood of developing non-HIV-associated dementias as this population ages further.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Sheppard
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Iudicello
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.|Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mark W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Bondi
authors.affiliation: Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University - University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Katie L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Massman
authors.affiliation: Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University - University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.|Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. spwoods@ucsd.edu.|Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. spwoods@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Steven Paul
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Cognitive aging; HIV; MCI; Neuropsychology