title: Protection by the NO-Donor SNAP and BNP against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation in Rat Engineered Heart Tissue.
abstract: In vitro assays could replace animal experiments in drug screening and disease modeling, but have shortcomings in terms of functional readout. Force-generating engineered heart tissues (EHT) provide simple automated measurements of contractile function. Here we evaluated the response of EHTs to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and the effect of known cardiocytoprotective molecules. EHTs from neonatal rat heart cells were incubated for 24 h in EHT medium. Then they were subjected to 180 min hypoxia (93% N2, 7% CO2) and 120 min reoxygenation (40% O2, 53% N2, 7% CO2), change of medium and additional follow-up of 48 h. Time-matched controls (40% O2, 53% N2, 7% CO2) were run for comparison. The following conditions were applied during H/R: fresh EHT medium (positive control), the NO-donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine (SNAP, 10(-7), 10(-6), 10(-5) M) or the guanylate cyclase activator brain type natriuretic peptide (BNP, 10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7) M). Frequency and force of contraction were repeatedly monitored over the entire experiment, pH, troponin I (cTnI), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose concentrations measured in EHT medium. Beating activity of EHTs in 24 h-medium ceased during hypoxia, partially recovered during reoxygenation and reached time-control values during follow-up. H/R was accompanied by a small increase in LDH and non-significant increase in cTnI. In fresh medium, some EHTs continued beating during hypoxia and all EHTs recovered faster during reoxygenation. SNAP and BNP showed small but significant protective effects during reoxygenation. EHTs are applicable to test potential cardioprotective compounds in vitro, monitoring functional and biochemical endpoints, which otherwise could be only measured by using in vivo or ex vivo heart preparations. The sensitivity of the model needs improvement.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Görbe
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Z V
authors.initials: ZV
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pálóczi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferdinandy
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eschenhagen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D019210:Troponin I / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019210:Troponin I; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005947:Glucose