title: [Human Herpesvirus-6 Encephalitis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation].
abstract: The reactivation of human herpesvirus-6B (HHV-6B) is common after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), and it is sporadically associated with the development of HHV-6 encephalitis. HHV-6 encephalitis typically develops around 2-6 weeks after allo-HCT, and it is characterized by short-term memory loss. Magnetic resonance imaging typically shows bilateral signal abnormalities in the limbic system. The incidence of HHV-6 encephalitis is reportedly 0-11.6% after bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and 4.9-21.4% after cord blood transplantation. The mortality of HHV-6 encephalitis is high, and survivors are often left with serious sequelae. Antiviral therapy using foscarnet or ganciclovir is recommended for the treatment of HHV-6 encephalitis, but the efficacy of the currently available treatment is insufficient once HHV-6 encephalitis has developed. The elucidation of the pathogenesis of HHV-6 encephalitis and the establishment of preventative therapy are needed to overcome this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogata
mesh_terms: D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D014775:Virus Activation