title: Safety effects of exclusive and concurrent signal phasing for pedestrian crossing.
abstract: This paper describes the estimation of pedestrian crash count and vehicle interaction severity prediction models for a sample of signalized intersections in Connecticut with either concurrent or exclusive pedestrian phasing. With concurrent phasing, pedestrians cross at the same time as motor vehicle traffic in the same direction receives a green phase, while with exclusive phasing, pedestrians cross during their own phase when all motor vehicle traffic on all approaches is stopped. Pedestrians crossing at each intersection were observed and classified according to the severity of interactions with motor vehicles. Observation intersections were selected to represent both types of signal phasing while controlling for other physical characteristics. In the nonlinear mixed models for interaction severity, pedestrians crossing on the walk signal at an exclusive signal experienced lower interaction severity compared to those crossing on the green light with concurrent phasing; however, pedestrians crossing on a green light where an exclusive phase was available experienced higher interaction severity. Intersections with concurrent phasing have fewer total pedestrian crashes than those with exclusive phasing but more crashes at higher severity levels. It is recommended that exclusive pedestrian phasing only be used at locations where pedestrians are more likely to comply.
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut, Department of Statistics, Storrs, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Yaohua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States. Electronic address: msm08014@engr.uconn.edu.
authors.forename: Sha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mamun
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States.
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Ivan
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut, Department of Statistics, Storrs, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Nalini
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ravishanker
authors.affiliation: University of Memphis, Department of Civil Engineering, Memphis, TN, United States.
authors.forename: Khademul
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haque
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003237:Connecticut; D003463:Cues; D004779:Environment Design; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D000069636:Pedestrians; D012449:Safety; D016138:Walking; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Concurrent pedestrian signal phasing; Exclusive pedestrian signal phasing; Pedestrian conflicts; Pedestrian crashes; Pedestrian crossing behavior; Pedestrian safety