title: ZPAC is required for normal spermatogenesis in mice.
abstract: The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, involved in genetic recombination and sex-chromosome silencing during meiosis, plays critical roles in the specification of germ-line stem cells and the differentiation of gametes from gonocytes. Zygote-specific proteasome assembly chaperone (ZPAC) is expressed in the early mouse embryo, where it is important for progression of the mouse maternal-to-zygotic transition. The role of ZPAC during spermatogenesis in the adult gonads, however, remains unknown. In this study, rapid amplification of cDNA ends was used to determine the Zpac cDNA sequence, a 1584-bp transcript that includes a putative 1122-bp open reading frame coding for a 373 amino acid protein. Western blot and immunohistochemistry revealed that ZPAC was specifically expressed in gonads. To further dissect the function of ZPAC during spermatogenesis, we employed PiggyBac-based RNA interference vectors for transgenesis combined with cell transplantation to deplete Zpac during spermatogenesis. This RNAi-mediate depletion in Zpac expression disrupted normal spermatogenesis from spermatogonial stem cells. Two independent yeast two-hybrid screens further revealed an interaction between ZPAC and SYCE1. Together, these data suggest that ZPAC is required for normal spermatogenesis in mice.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Er-Wei
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Gan
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.|Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Yang-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China.
authors.forename: Jiang-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Sheng
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Ke-Huan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005260:Female; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C000597074:ZPAC protein, mouse