title: Stemless shoulder arthroplasty: a literature review.
abstract: The design of humeral implants for shoulder arthroplasty has evolved over the years. The new-generation modular shoulder prostheses have an anatomical humeral stem that replicates the three-dimensional parameters of the proximal humerus. An anatomical reconstruction is the best way to restore stability and mobility of the prosthetic shoulder and improve implant durability. However, a perfect anatomical match is not always possible in, for example, patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the shoulder and deformities in the metaphyseal region. To avoid stem-related complications while retaining the advantages of the fourth generation of shoulder implants, different stemless implants have been developed. The stemless shoulder prosthesis is a new concept in shoulder arthroplasty. The authors review the indications, surgical technique, clinical and radiological midterm results, and complications of these humeral implants.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Clinico Città di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petriccioli
authors.affiliation: Istituto Clinico Città di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Celeste
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bertone
authors.affiliation: Istituto Clinico Città di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marchi
keywords: arthroplasty; osteoarthritis; post-traumatic; shoulder; stemless