title: Necrosis and apoptosis in Trichinella spiralis-mediated tumour reduction.
abstract: It is known that infection with different pathogens, including helminths, can alter the progression of malignant or other diseases. We studied the effect of chronic Trichinella spiralis infection or muscle larvae excretory-secretory (ES L1) antigens on the malignant tumour growth in the mouse melanoma model system in vivo and in vitro. Our results confirmed that chronic infection with T. spiralis possesses the capacity to slow down the progression of tumour growth, resulting in an impressive reduction in tumour size. We found that the phenomenon could, at least partially, be related to a lower level of tumour necrosis compared to necrosis present in control animals with progressive malignancy course. An increased apoptotic potential among the low percentage of cells within the total tumour cell number in vivo was also observed. ES L1 antigen, as a parasitic product that is released during the chronic phase of infection, reduced the survival and slightly, but significantly increased the apoptosis level of melanoma cells in vitro. Our results imply that powerful Trichinella anti-malignance capacity does not rely only on necrosis and apoptosis but other mechanisms through which infection or parasite products manipulate the tumor establishment and expansion should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Sasa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vasilev
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Natasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ilic
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Alisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gruden-Movsesijan
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Sasa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vasilijic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bosic
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ljiljana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sofronic-Milosavljevic
keywords: Trichinella spiralis; apoptosis; excretory-secretory antigen; melanoma; necrosis; tumour