title: Vγ9Vδ2 T-Cell Polyfunctionality Is Differently Modulated in HAART-Treated HIV Patients according to CD4 T-Cell Count.
abstract: Alteration of γδ T-cell distribution and function in peripheral blood is among the earliest defects during HIV-infection. We asked whether the polyfunctional response could also be affected, and how this impairment could be associated to CD4 T-cell count. To this aim, we performed a cross-sectional study on HIV-infected individuals. In order to evaluate the polyfunctional-Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell response after phosphoantigen-stimulation, we assessed the cytokine/chemokine production and cytotoxicity by flow-cytometry in HAART-treated-HIV+ persons and healthy-donors. During HIV-infection Vγ9Vδ2-polyfunctional response quality is affected, since several Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell subsets resulted significantly lower in HIV+ patients in respect to healthy donors. Interestingly, we found a weak positive correlation between Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell-response and CD4 T-cell counts. By dividing the HIV+ patients according to CD4 T-cell count, we found that Low-CD4 patients expressed a lower number of two Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell subsets expressing MIP-1β in different combinations with other molecules (CD107a/IFNγ) in respect to High-CD4 individuals. Our results show that the Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell-response quality in Low-CD4 patients is specifically affected, suggesting a direct link between innate Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells and CD4 T-cell count. These findings suggest that Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell quality may be indirectly influenced by HAART therapy and could be included in a new therapeutical strategy which would perform an important role in fighting HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casetti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Simone
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sacchi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Viola
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Agrati
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bordoni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cimini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tumino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Besi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martini
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D052118:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D052118:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1; C493277:MAPKAP1 protein, human; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D007371:Interferon-gamma