title: Short-term enhancement effect of nitrogen addition on microbial degradation and plant uptake of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in contaminated mangrove soil.
abstract: Effects of nitrogen (N) addition on the microbial degradation and uptake of a mixture of BDE-47 and -209 by Aegiceras corniculatum, a typical mangrove plant species were investigated. At the end of 3-month experiment, a significant dissipation of BDE-47 was observed in the planted soil, and this dissipation, particularly in rhizosphere soil, was significantly accelerated by the frequent addition of N in the form of ammonium chloride. The removal percentage of BDE-47 in the rhizosphere soil without N addition was 47.3% and increased to 58.2% with N. However, the unplanted soil only removed less than 25% BDE-47, irrespective to N supply. The N addition in planted treatments significantly increased soil N content, urease and dehydrogenase activities, and the abundances of total bacteria and dehalogenating bacteria, leading to more microbial degradation of BDE-47. The N addition also enhanced the root uptake and translocation of PBDEs to above-ground tissues of A. corniculatum. These results suggested that N addition could enhance the phytoremediation of BDE-47-contaminated soil within a short period of time. Different from BDE-47, BDE-209 in all contaminated soils was difficult to be removed due to its persistence and low bioavailability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Hai Chao
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chun Quan
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: bhntam@cityu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Nora Fung-Yee
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Tam
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental / Q000187:drug effects; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D029623:Primulaceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D058441:Rhizosphere; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D014510:Urease / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D014510:Urease; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Ammonium-N; Microbial degradation; Persistent toxic organic pollutant; Plant uptake; Translocation