title: Effectiveness of new vibration delivery system on pain associated with injection of local anesthesia in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pain is highly subjective and it is neurologically proven that stimulation of larger diameter fibers - e.g., using appropriate coldness, warmth, rubbing, pressure or vibration - can close the neural "gate" so that the central perception of itch and pain is reduced. This fact is based upon "gate control" theory of Melzack and Wall. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of vibration stimuli on pain experienced during local anesthetic injections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients aged 6-12 years old of both the genders with Frankel's behavior rating scale as positive and definitely positive requiring bilateral local anesthesia injections for dental treatment were included in the split-mouth cross over design. Universal pain assessment tool was used to assess the pain with and without vibration during the administration of local anesthesia and the results obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local anesthetic administration with vibration resulted in significantly less pain (P = 0.001) compared to the injections without the use of vibe.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that vibration can be used as an effective method to decrease pain during dental local anesthetic administration.
authors.forename: Mangalampally
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shilpapriya
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Uthandi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mungara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jayanthi
authors.forename: Venumbaka Nilaya
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Rajendran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sakthivel
authors.forename: Girija
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Selvaraju
authors.forename: Poornima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vijayakumar
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D014732:Vibration
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local