title: Assessment of atrial electromechanical delay and P-wave dispersion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetes mellitus is an independent and strong risk factor for development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Electrophysiologic and electromechanical abnormalities are associated with a higher risk of AF. In this study we aimed to determine the correlation of atrial conduction abnormalities between the surface electrocardiographic and tissue Doppler echocardiographic measurements in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 88 consecutive T2DM patients and 49 age-, gender-, and body mass index-matched healthy volunteers were included in the present study. Baseline characteristics were recorded and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, transthoracic echocardiography, and 12-lead surface electrocardiography were performed for all study participants. Atrial electromechanical delay (EMD) intervals were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maximum P-wave duration and P-wave dispersion (Pd) were significantly higher in patients with T2DM (105.7±10.2ms vs. 102.2±7.5ms, p=0.02; 40.6±7.6ms vs. 33.6±5.9ms, p<0.001, respectively). Interatrial, intraatrial, and intraleft atrial EMD were significantly higher in the T2DM patients when compared with the controls (16.5±7.8ms vs.11.2±4.4ms, p<0.001; 9.0±7.3ms vs. 6.0±3.8ms, p=0.002, and 7.4±5.2ms vs. 5.1±3.2ms, p=0.002 respectively). Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between interatrial EMD and Pd (r=0.429, p<0.001) and left atrial volume (r=0.428, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, there was significant EMD and Pd in patients with T2DM as compared with healthy volunteers. Additionally, interatrial EMD was correlated with Pd and left atrial volume index.
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya, Turkey. Electronic address: drkenan76@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.affiliation: Mevlana University Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynettin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kamile
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marakoglu
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ersecgin
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Armutlukuyu
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bulent Behlul
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Altunkeser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Atrial electromechanical delay; Diabetes mellitus; P-wave dispersion; Tissue Doppler imaging