title: A guide to use photocontrollable fluorescent proteins and synthetic smart fluorophores for nanoscopy.
abstract: Recent advances in nanoscopy, which breaks the diffraction barrier and can visualize structures smaller than the diffraction limit in cells, have encouraged biologists to investigate cellular processes at molecular resolution. Since nanoscopy depends not only on special optics but also on 'smart' photophysical properties of photocontrollable fluorescent probes, including photoactivatability, photoswitchability and repeated blinking, it is important for biologists to understand the advantages and disadvantages of fluorescent probes and to choose appropriate ones for their specific requirements. Here, we summarize the characteristics of currently available fluorescent probes based on both proteins and synthetic compounds applicable to nanoscopy and provide a guideline for selecting optimal probes for specific applications.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Nosuke
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Dhermendra K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Mako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan ng1@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp uranokun@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takeharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ng1@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp uranokun@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yasuteru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urano
mesh_terms: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008164:Luminescent Proteins
keywords: fluorescent probe; fluorescent protein; nanoscopy; super-resolution imaging; synthetic fluorophore