title: Jumping Translocations in Myeloid Malignancies Associated With Treatment Resistance and Poor Survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Jumping translocations (JT) are uncommon cytogenetic abnormalities involving nonreciprocal translocations of a single donor chromosome onto 2 or more chromosomes. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of JTs in patients with myeloid malignancies are not well described.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched our cytogenetic database from 2003 to 2014 to identify cases of myeloid malignancies associated with a JT. These cases were cross-referenced with our clinical databases to determine patient characteristics, response to treatment and overall survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 10 patients with myeloid malignancies and a JT: 4 cases of acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplastic syndrome-related changes, 4 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome, and 2 cases of postpolycythemia myelofibrosis. The donor segment was derived from chromosome 1 in every case. The acquisition of a JT was a late occurrence, with a median time to JT development of 24.9 months (range, 0-248 months) from diagnosis. The overall response to treatment was poor, with no patients experiencing a response to conventional chemotherapy or hypomethylating agents. The median overall survival for the group was 9 months (95% confidence interval, 2.5-15.5) after identification of a JT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The acquisition of a JT in patients with myeloid malignancies appears to be a late event and is associated with myelodysplasia. In our series, this was associated with a poor prognosis with a poor response to treatment, disease transformation to acute myeloid leukemia, and short overall survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sanford
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Courtney D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: DiNardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Guilin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Srdan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verstovsek
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jabbour
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ravandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Hagop
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kantarjian
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. Electronic address: ggarciam@mdanderson.org.
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garcia-Manero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / Q000235:genetics; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009196:Myeloproliferative Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Jumping translocations; Leukemia; Myelodysplastic syndromes; Myeloid neoplasms; Prognosis