title: Aluminum Chloride Induces Osteoblasts Apoptosis via Disrupting Calcium Homeostasis and Activating Ca(2+)/CaMKII Signal Pathway.
abstract: Aluminum promotes osteoblast (OB) apoptosis. Apoptosis is induced by the disordered calcium homeostasis. Therefore, to investigate the relationship between Al-induced OB apoptosis and calcium homeostasis, calvarium OBs from neonatal rats (3-4 days) were cultured and exposed to 0.048-mg/mL Al(3+) or 0.048-mg/mL Al(3+) combined with 5 μM BAPTA-AM (OBs were pretreated with 5 μM BAPTA-AM for 1 h, then added 0.048 mg/mL Al(3+)), respectively. Then OB apoptosis rate, intracellular calcium ions concentration ([Ca(2+)]i), mRNA expression level of calmodulin (CaM), and protein expression levels of CaM and p-CaMKII in OBs were examined. The result showed that AlCl3 increased OB apoptosis rate, and [Ca(2+)]i and p-CaMKII expression levels and decreased CaM expression levels, whereas BAPTA-AM relieved the effects. These results proved that AlCl3 induced OB apoptosis by disrupting the intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and activating the Ca(2+)/CaMKII signal pathway. Our findings can provide new insights for revealing the apoptosis mechanism of OBs exposed to AlCl3.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, 150036, China.|School Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
authors.forename: Qiuyue
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China. liyanfei@neau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yanfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D002118:Calcium
keywords: AlCl3; BAPTA-AM; Ca2+/CaMKII signal pathway; Calcium homeostasis; Osteoblast apoptosis