title: Photoacoustic image patterns of breast carcinoma and comparisons with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and vascular stained histopathology.
abstract: Photoacoustic (optoacoustic) imaging can visualize vasculature deep in tissue using the high contrast of hemoglobin to light, with the high-resolution possible with ultrasound detection. Since angiogenesis, one of the hallmarks of cancer, leads to increased vascularity, photoacoustics holds promise in imaging breast cancer as shown in proof-of-principle studies. Here for the first time, we investigate if there are specific photoacoustic appearances of breast malignancies which can be related to the tumor vascularity, using an upgraded research imaging system, the Twente Photoacoustic Mammoscope. In addition to comparisons with x-ray and ultrasound images, in subsets of cases the photoacoustic images were compared with MR images, and with vascular staining in histopathology. We were able to identify lesions in suspect breasts at the expected locations in 28 of 29 cases. We discovered generally three types of photoacoustic appearances reminiscent of contrast enhancement types reported in MR imaging of breast malignancies, and first insights were gained into the relationship with tumor vascularity.
authors.affiliation: 1] Biomedical Photonic Imaging, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands [2] Center for Breast Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50.000, 7500 KA, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heijblom
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Photonic Imaging, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Piras
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Pathology East Netherlands, P.O. Box 516, 7550 AM, Hengelo, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brinkhuis
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Photonic Imaging, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J C G
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: van Hespen
authors.affiliation: Center for Breast Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50.000, 7500 KA, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: van den Engh
authors.affiliation: Center for Breast Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50.000, 7500 KA, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Schaaf
authors.affiliation: Center for Breast Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50.000, 7500 KA, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Klaase
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O Box 22700, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Photonic Imaging, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Steenbergen
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Photonic Imaging, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manohar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques; D011859:Radiography; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins