title: Host Specificity of Ovine Bordetella parapertussis and the Role of Complement.
abstract: The classical bordetellae are comprised of three subspecies that differ from broad to very limited host specificity. Although several lineages appear to have specialized to particular host species, most retain the ability to colonize and grow in mice, providing a powerful common experimental model to study their differences. One of the subspecies, Bordetella parapertussis, is composed of two distinct clades that have specialized to different hosts: one to humans (Bpphu), and the other to sheep (Bppov). While Bpphu and the other classical bordetellae can efficiently colonize mice, Bppov strains are severely defective in their ability to colonize the murine respiratory tract. Bppov genomic analysis did not reveal the loss of adherence genes, but substantial mutations and deletions of multiple genes involved in the production of O-antigen, which is required to prevent complement deposition on B. bronchiseptica and Bpphu strains. Bppov lacks O-antigen and, like O-antigen mutants of other bordetellae, is highly sensitive to murine complement-mediated killing in vitro. Based on these results, we hypothesized that Bppov failed to colonize mice because of its sensitivity to murine complement. Consistent with this, the Bppov defect in the colonization of wild type mice was not observed in mice lacking the central complement component C3. Furthermore, Bppov strains were highly susceptible to killing by murine complement, but not by sheep complement. These data demonstrate that the failure of Bppov to colonize mice is due to sensitivity to murine, but not sheep, complement, providing a mechanistic example of how specialization that accompanies expansion in one host can limit host range.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America; Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sara E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hester
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America; Graduate Program in Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Laura L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Goodfield
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America; Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Genomics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jihye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America; Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Feaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yury V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America; Graduate Program in Genetics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Liron
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bendor
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Dawn L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Harvill
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001885:Bordetella Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016950:Bordetella bronchiseptica / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D042483:Bordetella parapertussis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D058507:Host Specificity / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D019081:O Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014132:Trachea / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D003176:Complement C3; D019081:O Antigens; D003165:Complement System Proteins