title: Does the hybrid light source (LED/laser) influence temperature variation on the enamel surface during 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching? A randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigated how a hybrid light source (LED/laser) influences temperature variation on the enamel surfaces during 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching. Effects on the whitening effectiveness and tooth sensitivity were analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two volunteers were randomly assigned to two different treatments in a split-mouth experimental model: group 1 (control), 35% HP; group 2 (experimental), 35% HP + LED/laser. Color evaluation was performed before treatment, and 7 and 14 days after completion of bleaching, using a color shade scale. Tooth sensitivity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS; before, immediately, and 24 hours after bleaching). During the bleaching treatment, thermocouple channels positioned on the tooth surfaces recorded the temperature. Data on color and temperature changes were subjected to statistical analysis (α = 5%). Tooth sensitivity data were evaluated descriptively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups 1 and 2 showed mean temperatures (± standard deviation) of 30.7 ± 1.2 °C and 34.1 ± 1.3 °C, respectively. It was found that there were statistically significant differences between the groups, with group 2 showing higher mean variation (P < .0001). The highest temperature variation occurred for group 2, with an increase of 5.3 °C at the enamel surface. The color change results showed no differences in bleaching between the two treatment groups (P = .177). The variation of the average temperature during the treatments was not statistically associated with color variation (P = .079). Immediately after bleaching, it was found that 36.4% of the subjects in group 2 had mild to moderate sensitivity. In group 1, 45.5% showed moderate sensitivity. In both groups, the sensitivity ceased within 24 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hybrid light source (LED/ laser) influences temperature variation on the enamel surface during 35% HP bleaching and is not related to greater tooth sensitivity.
authors.forename: Patricia Moreira
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.forename: Andressa Nery
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.forename: Ana Carolina Costa
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: da Mota
authors.forename: Alyne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.forename: Fausto Medeiros
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: Andrea Dias Neves
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Lago
authors.forename: Leila Soares
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Thayanne Monteiro
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ramos-Oliveira
mesh_terms: D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D053685:Laser Therapy; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide