title: Drugs that reverse disease transcriptomic   signatures are more effective in a mouse model   of dyslipidemia.
abstract: High-throughput omics have proven invaluable in studying human disease, and yet day-to-day clinical practice still relies on physiological, non-omic markers. The metabolic syndrome, for example, is diagnosed and monitored by blood and urine indices such as blood cholesterol levels. Nevertheless, the association between the molecular and the physiological manifestations of the disease, especially in response to treatment, has not been investigated in a systematic manner. To this end, we studied a mouse model of diet-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis that was subject to various drug treatments relevant to the disease in question. Both physiological data and gene expression data (from the liver and white adipose) were analyzed and compared. We find that treatments that restore gene expression patterns to their norm are associated with the successful restoration of physiological markers to their baselines. This holds in a tissue-specific manner—treatments that reverse the transcriptomic signatures of the disease in a particular tissue are associated with positive physiological effects in that tissue. Further, treatments that introduce large non-restorative gene expression alterations are associated with unfavorable physiological outcomes. These results provide a sound basis to in silico methods that rely on omic metrics for drug repurposing and drug discovery by searching for compounds that reverse a disease’s omic signatures. Moreover, they highlight the need to develop drugs that restore the global cellular state to its healthy norm rather than rectify particular disease phenotypes.
authors.forename: Allon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Noa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kelder
authors.forename: Uri
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Amit
authors.forename: Elad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liebman
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Marijana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radonjic
authors.forename: Eytan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruppin
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D058492:Drug Repositioning; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009928:Organ Specificity; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents