title: Non-invasive imaging of cellulose microfibril orientation within plant cell walls by polarized Raman microspectroscopy.
abstract: Cellulose microfibrils represent the major scaffold of plant cell walls. Different packing and orientation of the microfibrils at the microscopic scale determines the macroscopic properties of cell walls and thus affect their functions with a profound effect on plant survival. We developed a polarized Raman microspectroscopic method to determine cellulose microfibril orientation within rice plant cell walls. Employing an array of point measurements as well as area imaging and subsequent Matlab-assisted data processing, we were able to characterize the distribution of cellulose microfibril orientation in terms of director angle and anisotropy magnitude. Using this approach we detected differences between wild type rice plants and the rice brittle culm mutant, which shows a more disordered cellulose microfibril arrangement, and differences between different tissues of a wild type rice plant. This novel non-invasive Raman imaging approach allows for quantitative assessment of cellulose fiber orientation in cell walls of herbaceous plants, an important advancement in cell wall characterization.
authors.affiliation: Technology Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California.|Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California.|Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National laboratories, Livermore, California.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California.|Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National laboratories, Livermore, California.
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.affiliation: Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California.|Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vega-Sanchez
authors.affiliation: Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California.|Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ronald
authors.affiliation: Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California.|Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National laboratories, Livermore, California.
authors.forename: Blake A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.affiliation: Technology Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California.|Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.|Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Technology Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California. mauer@lbl.gov.|Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720. mauer@lbl.gov.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Auer
mesh_terms: D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000032:analysis*; D001330:Electronic Data Processing; D020894:Microfibrils / Q000378:metabolism*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000737:chemistry*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose
keywords: anisotropy magnitude; brittle culm mutant; cellulose microfibril orientation; director angle; plant cell wall; polarized Raman microspectroscopy