title: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms among alcoholics in outpatient treatment: Prevalence, severity and correlates.
abstract: The literature on symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in alcoholic patients is scarce and such symptoms can go unnoticed, worsening the prognosis of alcoholism. The objectives were to estimate the prevalence and severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in alcoholics undergoing outpatient treatment and to assess sociodemographic and clinical correlates, including suicidal behaviors. The instruments used in this cross-sectional study were the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory - Revised (OCI-R), the Short Alcohol Dependence Data and the Beck Depression Inventory. After descriptive analyses, bivariate analyses between the categorical ("probable OCD": OCI-R≥27) and dimensional (OCI-R total and subscales scores) outcomes and all explanatory variables were conducted. Eleven (20.4%) of the 54 alcoholic patients (37 men and 17 women) presented "probable OCD", which was associated with lower income, more severe dependence, depression, lifetime suicidal thoughts and plans and suicide attempts. OCI-R severity (mean 16.0) was associated with the same predictors and with psychiatric hospitalization. Suicidal behaviors were mainly associated with the Obsession, Hoarding and Washing subscales. It is essential to investigate and treat OCD symptoms in alcoholics, as they are associated with greater severity of dependence, depression and suicidal behaviors. Longitudinal studies are required to assess the impact of OCD treatment on the clinical course of alcoholism.
authors.affiliation: FMB-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Botucatu Medical School (Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista-UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luana Moraes
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: FMB-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Botucatu Medical School (Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista-UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nicoli Tamie
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Yoshimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, FMB-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Botucatu Medical School (Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista-UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Odete
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Simão
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, FMB-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Botucatu Medical School (Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista-UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Cezar
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Torresan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, FMB-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Botucatu Medical School (Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista-UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: torresar@fmb.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Albina Rodrigues
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Torres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D057229:Alcoholics / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D010045:Outpatients; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Alcohol dependence; Alcoholism; Comorbidity; Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); Suicidal behaviors; Suicidality