title: Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bulk Tank Milk from Dairy Farms in Indonesia.
abstract: Bulk tank milk from 80 dairy farms located in the West Java Region of Indonesia was analyzed for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Isolates from seven dairy farms were ESBL positive, and all were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The isolates showed ESBL-characteristic antibiotic resistance patterns. Further analysis revealed that all K. pneumoniae isolates harbored the blaSHV gene, and two isolates were additionally positive for the blaTEM-1 and blaCTX-M-15 genes. Isolates from different farms were clonally diverse according to macrorestriction analysis. The results indicate that the relatively high frequency of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae in bulk tank milk implies the risk that milk is both a source of local exposure and a vector contributing to the supraregional spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria by trade.
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University , Bogor, West Java, Indonesia .
authors.forename: Mirnawati
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sudarwanto
authors.affiliation: 2 Dairy Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Food Science , Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany .
authors.forename: Ömer
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Akineden
authors.affiliation: 2 Dairy Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Food Science , Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany .
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Odenthal
authors.affiliation: 2 Dairy Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Food Science , Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany .
authors.forename: Madeleine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.affiliation: 2 Dairy Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Food Science , Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany .
authors.forename: Ewald
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Usleber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D003612:Dairying; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D007214:Indonesia; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D001618:beta-Lactamases