title: New risk indicator approach for Operators, Workers, Bystanders and Residents for a sustainable use of plant protection products.
abstract: In 2009, the European Union adopted the Directive on Sustainable Use of pesticides (SUD, Directive 2009/128/EC) establishing a framework for achieving a sustainable use of Plant Protection Products (PPPs) through reducing the risks and impacts of PPP use on human health and the environment, promoting integrated pest management and stimulating effective non-chemical alternatives. The core idea of the SUD is that it is necessary to monitor the use of PPPs through the implementation of an appropriate set of risk indicators to monitor progress and trends in risk reduction within the Member States. To contribute to this direction, following a comprehensive analysis of the risk (including procedures of risk assessment and risk management) and involving stakeholders in the decision process, specific toolboxes of practical indirect risk indicators of exposure of Operators, Workers, Bystanders and Residents were developed and are now available to be used by Member States (MSs) based on their specific context.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chimica Agraria ed Ambientale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy. gabriele.sacchettini@unicatt.it.|Opera Research Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy. gabriele.sacchettini@unicatt.it.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sacchettini
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chimica Agraria ed Ambientale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy.|Opera Research Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Maura
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calliera
authors.affiliation: Opera Research Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy.|Eurofins Agroscience Services, Derby, UK.
authors.forename: Alexandru
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marchis
authors.affiliation: Food and Environment Research Agency, York, UK.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.affiliation: NIABTAG Network, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Clare Butler
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pesticides Toxicology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Kyriaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Machera
authors.affiliation: TNO Innovation for Life, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rianda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gerritsen-Ebben
authors.affiliation: Laboratorium of Crop Protection Chemistry, Department Crop Protection, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spanoghe
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chimica Agraria ed Ambientale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy.|Opera Research Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Capri
mesh_terms: D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005062:European Union; D006801:Humans; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012308:Risk Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: 2009/128/EC; Indirect risk indicators; Pesticide exposure; Pesticide use; Risk analysis; Risk reduction; Sustainable Use Directive