title: European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guidelines for the management of temperature in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hyperthermia is a frequent complication in patients with acute ischemic stroke. On the other hand, therapeutically induced hypothermia has shown promising potential in animal models of focal cerebral ischemia. This Guideline Document presents the European Stroke Organisation guidelines for the management of temperature in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multidisciplinary group identified related questions and developed its recommendations based on evidence from randomized controlled trials elaborating the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. This Guideline Document was reviewed within the European Stroke Organisation and externally and was approved by the European Stroke Organisation Guidelines Committee and the European Stroke Organisation Executive Committee.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found low-quality evidence, and therefore, we cannot make any recommendation for treating hyperthermia as a means to improve functional outcome and/or survival in patients with acute ischemic stroke and hyperthermia; moderate evidence to suggest against routine prevention of hyperthermia with antipyretics as a means to improve functional outcome and/or survival in patients with acute ischemic stroke and normothermia; very low-quality evidence to suggest against routine induction of hypothermia as a means to improve functional outcome and/or survival in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The currently available data about the management of temperature in patients with acute ischemic stroke are limited, and the strengths of the recommendations are therefore weak. We call for new randomized controlled trials as well as recruitment of eligible patients to ongoing randomized controlled trials to allow for better-informed recommendations in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ntaios
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dziedzic
authors.affiliation: Stroke center, Neurology Service, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
authors.forename: Vasileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Papavasileiou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petersson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.|Department of Neurology, Hospital of the Brothers of St. John, Eisenstadt, Austria.
authors.forename: Dimitre
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Staykov
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Klinikum Frankfurt Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany.|Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steiner
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005334:Fever / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: acute ischemic stroke; hyperthermia; hypothermia; normothermia; temperature management