title: Salvage treatment of hemorrhagic arteriovenous malformations in jaws.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present our clinical experience on embolotherapy of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in jaws with acute hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients with a history of hemorrhage were selected for this study. Continuous interdental sling suture, digital pressure on the extraction socket, and iodoform gauze packed into the socket and fixed with sutures to the adjacent gum were used for temporary hemostasis before embolization. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was used in all cases to facilitate endotracheal intubation. Absolute ethanol combined with coils was used as method of embolization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients presented with intermittent interdental gum bleeding or controlled hemostasis before embolization. Four patients presented with torrential hemorrhage around the tooth, controlled by continuous pressure on the tooth and bilateral gum for temporary hemostasis. All patients were successfully salvaged before embolization. Ten of 12 patients were cured, and 2 had partial remission. Follow-up ranged from 12 to 26 months (mean, 16.5 months) for all patients, and there was no recurrence of the lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of hemorrhagic AVMs of the jaw requires a multidisciplinary team approach; such cases can be successfully salvaged and stably controlled by embolization with coils and absolute ethanol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Deming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yifeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhenfeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: fanxindong@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Xindong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000628:therapy*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000379:methods; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000379:methods; D007571:Jaw Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D006472:Oral Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013630:Tampons, Surgical; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Acute hemorrhage; Arteriovenous malformations; Embolotherapy; Jaw