title: The C825T Polymorphism of the G-Protein β3 Gene as a Risk Factor for Depression: A Meta-Analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  TheG-protein β3 gene (GNβ3) has been implicated in psychiatric illness through its effects upon intracellular transduction of several neurotransmitter receptors. Multiple studies have investigated the relationship of the C825T polymorphism of the GNβ3 gene (GNβ3 C825T) to depression and antidepressant response. However, the relationship between GNβ3 C825T and depression remains inconsistent. Therefore, here we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the role of GNβ3 C825Tin depression risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published case-control studies examining the association between GNβ3 C825T and depression were systematically searched for through several electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Springer, Embase, psyINFO, and CNKI). The association between GNβ3 C825T and depression risk were assessed by odd ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each study. Pooled ORs were constructed for allele contrast (C versus T), homozygote (CC versus TT) model, heterozygote (CC versus CT) model, dominant model (CC + CT versus TT), and recessive (CC versus TT+CT) model. In order to evaluate possible biases, a sensitivity analysis was conducted by sequential deletion of individual studies in an attempt to assess the contribution of each individual dataset to the pooled OR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine studies, including 1055 depressed patients and 1325 healthy controls, were included. A significant association between GNβ3 C825Tand depression was found to exist, suggesting that the T-allele of GNβ3 C825Tcan increase susceptibility to depression. After stratification by ethnicity, the same association was found in the Asian subpopulation, but not the Caucasian subpopulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first meta-analysis to reveal a relationship between GNβ3 C825T and depression. Asian T-allele carriers of GNβ3 C825T appear to be more susceptible to depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Chanjuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Shunjie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Chenglong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Junxi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xinfa
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017594:Publication Bias; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C000595803:GNB3 protein, human; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins