title: Patterns of mandible fracture in children under 12 years in a district trauma center in India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to present the data of mandibular fracture among children in the age group of 0-12 years treated in a district trauma center in India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two children younger than 12 years treated for mandibular fractures over two-and-a-half-year period were studied by age, gender, anatomic site, etiology, socioeconomic status, residing area, interval from trauma to reporting, and treatment performed. The cases were divided into three age groups, and the records of the patients were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The male to female ratio was 1.58:1. Common fall and fall from bike together was a cause for injury in 50% (31 patients), of total patients. Condylar fractures occurred in 25 patients (40.3%). Multiple fractures were seen in 13% of the patients. In 47 (75.8%) patients, associated injuries other than the mandibular fractures were also present. Most patients with mandibular fractures were treated by closed reduction (36 patients, 58%). Conservative treatment and open reduction were done in 18 (29%) and 8 (13%) patients, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to factors such as age, gender, etiology, anatomic site, and treatment of mandibular fracture, this study also reported statistics regarding other factors such as residing area, socioeconomic status, and interval from trauma to reporting in Indian patients. It is hoped that the data presented here will be valuable to the government agencies and healthcare professionals for planning treatment, recommending preventive measures and encouraging research in this area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of dental sciences, Rohtak, India.
authors.forename: Ritu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Namdev
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of dental sciences, Rohtak, India.
authors.forename: Ayushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jindal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of dental sciences, Rohtak, India.
authors.forename: Smriti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of dental sciences, Rohtak, India.
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of dental sciences, Rohtak, India.
authors.forename: Parul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singhal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of dental sciences, Rohtak, India.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grewal
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014193:Trauma Centers
keywords: children; mandibular fracture; pattern