title: Comparison of Different Cytokine Conditions Reveals Resveratrol as a New Molecule for Ex Vivo Cultivation of Cord Blood-Derived Hematopoietic Stem Cells.
abstract: Human cord blood (CB)-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are an interesting source for HSC transplantation. However, the number of collected CB-HSCs is often too low for one transplantation; therefore, ex vivo expansion of CB-HSCs is desirable. Current expansion protocols are based on the use of cytokine combinations, including insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) and angiopoietin-like proteins, or combinations with "small molecules" such as stemregenin-1. The aim of our project was to compare the potential of different CB-HSC expansion strategies side-by-side by phenotypical analysis in vitro and serial engraftment properties in NOD/SCID/IL2rg-/- (NSG) immunodeficient mice. We further identified resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, as a new, alternative small molecule combined with cytokines to facilitate serum-free ex vivo expansion of human CB-HSCs. The cultivation in resveratrol preserved the CB-HSC phenotype in vitro most efficiently and was ∼2 times more potent than commonly used cytokine conditions (including stem cell factor, thrombopoietin, Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, interleukin-6) and the recently established serum-free culture, including IGFBP2 and angiopoietin-like 5. Serial transplantation studies further confirmed resveratrol to support robust multilineage engraftment in primary and secondary NSG recipients. Therefore, our work proposes resveratrol as a new small molecule for improved ex vivo culture and modification of human HSCs based on an efficient ex vivo propagation of the HSC fate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human cord blood (CB)-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are an important source for HSC transplantations but restricted in their usage because of their low numbers. In gene therapy, modifications of HSCs relies on their ex vivo modification without losing their stemness properties. Therefore, ex vivo cultivation and expansion of CB-HSCs is important for their effective application in HSC transplantation and gene therapy. Several promising protocols for serum-free cultivation of HSCs using different combinations of cytokines or so-called small molecules are described. A direct comparison was performed of three described serum-free cytokine conditions, demonstrating that the natural occurring polyphenol resveratrol is able to support ex vivo cultivation of CB-HSCs. The results show that resveratrol is an additional candidate for improving ex vivo cultures of HSCs for transplantation and gene therapeutic applications in the future.
authors.affiliation: Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Heinz
authors.affiliation: Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Birgitta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ehrnström
authors.affiliation: Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schambach
authors.affiliation: Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwarzer
authors.affiliation: Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Modlich
authors.affiliation: Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany Schiedlmeier.Bernhard@mh-hannover.de.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schiedlmeier
mesh_terms: D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006085:Graft Survival; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D053631:Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016513:Mice, SCID; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D000077185:Resveratrol; D019089:Stem Cell Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013926:Thrombopoietin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D042682:Angiopoietins; D000975:Antioxidants; C507942:Il2rg protein, mouse; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D053631:Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019089:Stem Cell Factor; D013267:Stilbenes; D013926:Thrombopoietin; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Cord blood; Expansion; Hematopoietic stem cell; Resveratrol; Serial transplantation