title: Resting state MEG oscillations show long-range temporal correlations of phase synchrony that break down during finger movement.
abstract: The capacity of the human brain to interpret and respond to multiple temporal scales in its surroundings suggests that its internal interactions must also be able to operate over a broad temporal range. In this paper, we utilize a recently introduced method for characterizing the rate of change of the phase difference between MEG signals and use it to study the temporal structure of the phase interactions between MEG recordings from the left and right motor cortices during rest and during a finger-tapping task. We use the Hilbert transform to estimate moment-to-moment fluctuations of the phase difference between signals. After confirming the presence of scale-invariance we estimate the Hurst exponent using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). An exponent of >0.5 is indicative of long-range temporal correlations (LRTCs) in the signal. We find that LRTCs are present in the α/μ and β frequency bands of resting state MEG data. We demonstrate that finger movement disrupts LRTCs correlations, producing a phase relationship with a structure similar to that of Gaussian white noise. The results are validated by applying the same analysis to data with Gaussian white noise phase difference, recordings from an empty scanner and phase-shuffled time series. We interpret the findings through comparison of the results with those we obtained from an earlier study during which we adopted this method to characterize phase relationships within a Kuramoto model of oscillators in its sub-critical, critical, and super-critical synchronization states. We find that the resting state MEG from left and right motor cortices shows moment-to-moment fluctuations of phase difference with a similar temporal structure to that of a system of Kuramoto oscillators just prior to its critical level of coupling, and that finger tapping moves the system away from this pre-critical state toward a more random state.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Mathematics and Physics in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology, University College London London, UK ; Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London London, UK.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Botcharova
authors.affiliation: Centre for Computational Neuroscience and Robotics, University of Sussex Falmer, UK ; Institute of Child Health, University College London London, UK.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berthouze
authors.affiliation: Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Brookes
authors.affiliation: The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London London, UK.
authors.forename: Gareth R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.affiliation: Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London London, UK.
authors.forename: Simon F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Farmer
keywords: MEG; brain oscillations; long-range temporal correlations; movement; phase synchronization; resting state