title: Template-Free Synthesis of Ruthenium Oxide Nanotubes for High-Performance Electrochemical Capacitors.
abstract: One-dimensional, hydrous ruthenium oxide nanotubes (RuO2·1.84H2O) have been successfully achieved using a template-free, microwave-hydrothermal process. These were found to be amorphous in nature and have a large specific surface area of 250 m(2)·g(-1), producing a specific and volumetric capacitance of 511 F·g(-1) and 531 F·cm(-3), respectively, at a discharging current density of 0.5 A·g(-1). When used as an electrode material in an electrochemical capacitor or ultracapacitor, they produced a significant improvement in capacitance, rate capability, and cyclability that can be attributed to the hollow nature of tubes allowing greater contact between the active surface of the electrode and the electrolyte.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Heon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: ‡Energy Efficient Materials Team, Energy and Environmental Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, 101, Soho-ro, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 660-031, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Chul
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.affiliation: †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Bum
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: electrochemical capacitors (or ultracapacitor); electrochemical performance; nanotubes; ruthenium oxide; template-free synthesis