title: Effects of atrazine on photosynthesis and defense response and the underlying mechanisms in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.
abstract: Atrazine (ATZ) is a commonly used herbicide that has recently come under scrutiny due to potential environmental toxicity and contamination. In this study, we found that the administration of ATZ indeed leads to reduction of photosynthesis and oxidative stress in Phaeodactylum tricornutum at the treated doses higher than 100 μg L(-1) after 48 h. We further explored the effect of ATZ on photosystem II (PSII) and gene expression of electron transport chain. Collectively, our results may suggest that ATZ entered the chloroplasts in alga depending on ATZ's liposolubility and directly attacked on the electron transport chain, especially PSII, contributing to reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst. The increasing ROS could act as signals to induce or disturb the expression of photosynthesis-related genes, resulting in the imbalance of antioxidation and pro-oxidation in the alga.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaocui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chongchong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yiyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China. hfqian@zjut.edu.cn.|College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China. hfqian@zjut.edu.cn.|Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic. of China. hfqian@zjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D001280:Atrazine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism; D017377:Diatoms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D006540:Herbicides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001280:Atrazine
keywords: ATZ; Electron transport; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Real-time PCR