title: Effect of high glucose concentrations on human erythrocytes in vitro.
abstract: Exposure to high glucose concentrations in vitro is often employed as a model for understanding erythrocyte modifications in diabetes. However, effects of such experiments may be affected by glucose consumption during prolonged incubation and changes of cellular parameters conditioned by impaired energy balance. The aim of this study was to compare alterations in various red cell parameters in this type of experiment to differentiate between those affected by glycoxidation and those affected by energy imbalance. Erythrocytes were incubated with 5, 45 or 100mM glucose for up to 72 h. High glucose concentrations intensified lipid peroxidation and loss of activities of erythrocyte enzymes (glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase). On the other hand, hemolysis, eryptosis, calcium accumulation, loss of glutathione and increase in the GSSG/GSH ratio were attenuated by high glucose apparently due to maintenance of energy supply to the cells. Loss of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase activity and decrease in superoxide production were not affected by glucose concentration, being seemingly determined by processes independent of both glycoxidation and energy depletion. These results point to the necessity of careful interpretation of data obtained in experiments, in which erythrocytes are subject to treatment with high glucose concentrations in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 01 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Viskupicova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 01 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Dusan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blaskovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, PL 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galiniak
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska St. 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Mirosław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soszyński
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, PL 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland,; Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska St. 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartosz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 01 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Lubica
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Horakova
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, PL 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland,. Electronic address: isadowska@poczta.fm.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sadowska-Bartosz
mesh_terms: D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002374:Catalase; D005947:Glucose; D005978:Glutathione; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D013481:Superoxides
keywords: Calcium ATPase; Eryptosis; Erythrocyte; Glycation; High glucose; Intracellular calcium; Oxidative stress; Plasma membrane