title: Characterization of a microDiamond detector in high-dose-per-pulse electron beams for intra operative radiation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize a synthetic diamond dosimeter (PTW Freiburg microDiamond 60019) in high dose-per-pulse electron beams produced by an Intra Operative Radiation Therapy (IORT) dedicated accelerator.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dosimetric properties of the microDiamond were assessed under 6, 8 and 9 MeV electron beams by a NOVAC11 mobile accelerator (Sordina IORT Technologies S.p.A.). The characterization was carried out with dose-per-pulse ranging from 26 to 105 mGy per pulse. The microDiamond performance was compared with an Advanced Markus ionization chamber and a PTW silicon diode E in terms of dose linearity, percentage depth dose (PDD) curves, beam profiles and output factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A good linearity of the microDiamond response was verified in the dose range from 0.2 Gy to 28 Gy. A sensitivity of 1.29 nC/Gy was measured under IORT electron beams, resulting within 1% with respect to the one obtained in reference condition under (60)Co gamma irradiation. PDD measurements were found in agreement with the ones by the reference dosimeters, with differences in R50 values below 0.3 mm. Profile measurements evidenced a high spatial resolution of the microDiamond, slightly worse than the one of the silicon diode. The penumbra widths measured by the microDiamond resulted approximately 0.5 mm larger than the ones by the Silicon diode. Output factors measured by the microDiamond were found within 2% with those obtained by the Advanced Markus down to 3 cm diameter field sizes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The microDiamond dosimeter was demonstrated to be suitable for precise dosimetry in IORT applications under high dose-per-pulse conditions.
authors.affiliation: INFN-Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Venanzio
authors.affiliation: INFN-Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marinelli
authors.affiliation: INFN-Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tonnetti
authors.affiliation: INFN-Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Verona-Rinati
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Molecular Imaging, Interventional Radiology and Radiotherapy, Tor Vergata University General Hospital, Viale Oxford 8, 00133 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: mdanielafalco@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Falco
authors.affiliation: Istituto Nazionale di Metrologia delle Radiazioni Ionizzanti, ENEA-INMRI C R Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pimpinella
authors.affiliation: SIT Sordina IORT Technologies S.p.A., Via dell'Industria 1/A, 04011 Aprilia, LT, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciccotelli
authors.affiliation: SIT Sordina IORT Technologies S.p.A., Via dell'Industria 1/A, 04011 Aprilia, LT, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Stefano
authors.affiliation: SIT Sordina IORT Technologies S.p.A., Via dell'Industria 1/A, 04011 Aprilia, LT, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Felici
authors.affiliation: SIT Sordina IORT Technologies S.p.A., Via dell'Industria 1/A, 04011 Aprilia, LT, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marangoni
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D018130:Diamond; D004583:Electrons; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011881:Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D018130:Diamond
keywords: Electron beam dosimetry; High dose-per-pulse radiation therapy; Intra operative radiation therapy; Synthetic diamond dosimeters