title: Choline and Cystine Deficient Diets in Animal Models with Hepatocellular Injury: Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Expression of RAGE, TNF-α, and IL-1β.
abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effects of diets deficient in choline and/or cystine on hepatocellular injury in animal models (young male Wistar rats, aged 21 days), by monitoring some of the oxidative stress biomarkers and the expression of RAGE, TNF-α, and IL-1β. The animals were divided into 6 groups (n = 10) and submitted to different diets over 30 days: AIN-93 diet (standard, St), AIN-93 choline deficient (CD) diet and AIN-93 choline and cystine deficient (CCD) diet, in the pellet (pl) and powder (pw) diet forms. Independently of the diet form, AIN-93 diet already led to hepatic steatosis and CD/CCD diets provoked hepatic damage. The increase of lipid peroxidation, represented by the evaluation of thiobarbituric acid reactive species, associated with the decrease of levels of antioxidant enzymes, were the parameters with higher significance toward redox profile in this model of hepatic injury. Regarding inflammation, in relation to TNF-α, higher levels were evidenced in CD(pl), while, for IL-1β, no significant alteration was detected. RAGE expression was practically the same in all groups, with exception of CCD(pw) versus CCD(pl). These results together confirm that AIN-93 causes hepatic steatosis and choline and/or cysteine deficiencies produce important hepatic injury associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory profiles.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Campus A. C. Simões, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro dos Martins, 57072-970 Maceió, AL, Brazil ; Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia (IQB), Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 57072-900 Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Célia F
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia (IQB), Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 57072-900 Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Orlando R P
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: de Araújo
authors.affiliation: Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 57020-600 Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Iara B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Valentim
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Campus A. C. Simões, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro dos Martins, 57072-970 Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kívia Queiroz
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Campus A. C. Simões, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro dos Martins, 57072-970 Maceió, AL, Brazil ; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Campus A. C. Simões, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro dos Martins, 57072-970 Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiana Andréa
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-900 Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Salete
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smaniotto
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia (IQB), Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 57072-900 Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: John Marques
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo (CEEO), Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600 Anexo, Santana, 90035003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juciano
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2545-7288
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gasparotto
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo (CEEO), Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600 Anexo, Santana, 90035003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Gelain
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia (IQB), Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 57072-900 Maceió, AL, Brazil ; INCT de Bioanalítica, UNICAMP, 13083-861 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marília O F
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Goulart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003553:Cystine / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C000593874:Ager protein, rat; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003553:Cystine; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D002794:Choline