title: Depression--a common disorder across a broad spectrum of neurological conditions: a cross-sectional nationally representative survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of depression across a range of neurological conditions in a nationally representative sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data source was the Survey of Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada (SLNCC), which accrued its sample by selecting participants from the Canadian Community Health Survey. The point prevalence of depression was estimated by assessment of depressive symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire, Brief (Patient Health Questionnaire, 9-item).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of n=4408 participated in the SLNCC. The highest point prevalence of depression (>30%) was seen in those with traumatic brain injury and brain/spinal cord tumors. Depression was also highly prevalent (18-28%) in those with (listed from highest to lowest) Alzheimer's disease/dementia, dystonia, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, stroke, migraine, epilepsy and spina bifida. The odds ratios for depression, with the referent group being the general population, were significant (from highest to lowest) for migraine, traumatic brain injury, stroke, dystonia and epilepsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All neurological conditions included in this study are associated with an elevated prevalence of depression in community populations. The conditions with the highest prevalence are traumatic brain injury and brain/spinal cord tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada. Electronic address: bulloch@ucalgary.ca.
authors.forename: Andrew G M
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bulloch
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Kirsten M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Fiest
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeanne V A
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Dina H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lavorato
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Sandra A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Berzins
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jetté
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Tamara M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Pringsheim
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Scott B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Patten
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Community-based study; Depression rating scales; Depressive disorder; Neurological conditions; Prevalence