title: Displacement or Force Control Knee Simulators? Variations in Kinematics and in Wear.
abstract: The problems associated with prosthetic failure and revision surgery still constitute the main clinical problem of prosthetic surgery. The objective of wear evaluation is to determine the wear rate and its dependence on the test conditions. To obtain realistic results, a wear test can be performed to reproduce in vivo working conditions and compare the wear characteristics of various total knee prostheses designs. At the state of the art, two simulation concepts are available and defined in ISO 14243 standards series. In both these guidelines, level walking is the sole activity of daily living that is represented for testing. With so many variables and so many sources of error and the sensitivity of the output to these errors, can the motion determined in the simulator be representative of the in vivo motion? This article goes beyond the current status of these knee simulations comparing literature results.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Tecnologia Medica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Saverio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Affatato
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003198:Computer Simulation; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007720:Knee Prosthesis; D008422:Materials Testing; D008954:Models, Biological; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D016138:Walking
keywords: Anterior/posterior translation; Axial force; Displacement control; Force control; Internal/external flexion-extension rotations; Knee simulator