title: A Methionine Deficient Diet Enhances Adipose Tissue Lipid Metabolism and Alters Anti-Oxidant Pathways in Young Growing Pigs.
abstract: Methionine is a rate-limiting amino-acid for protein synthesis but non-proteinogenic roles on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress have been demonstrated. Contrary to rodents where a dietary methionine deficiency led to a lower adiposity, an increased lipid accretion rate has been reported in growing pigs fed a methionine deficient diet. This study aimed to clarify the effects of a dietary methionine deficiency on different aspects of tissue lipid metabolism and anti-oxidant pathways in young pigs. Post-weaned pigs (9.8 kg initial body weight) were restrictively-fed diets providing either an adequate (CTRL) or a deficient methionine supply (MD) during 10 days (n=6 per group). At the end of the feeding trial, pigs fed the MD diet had higher lipid content in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Expression levels of genes involved in glucose uptake, lipogenesis but also lipolysis, and activities of NADPH enzyme suppliers were generally higher in subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues of MD pigs, suggesting an increased lipid turnover in those pigs. Activities of the anti-oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase were increased in adipose tissues and muscle of MD pigs. Expression level and activity of the glutathione peroxidase were also higher in liver of MD pigs, but hepatic contents in the reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione and glutathione reductase activity were lower compared with control pigs. In plasma, superoxide dismutase activity was higher but total anti-oxidant power was lower in MD pigs. These results show that a dietary methionine deficiency resulted in increased levels of lipogenesis and lipolytic indicators in porcine adipose tissues. Decreased glutathione content in the liver and coordinated increase of enzymatic antioxidant activities in adipose tissues altered the cellular redox status of young pigs fed a methionine-deficient diet. These findings illustrate that a rapidly growing animal differently adapts tissue metabolisms when facing an insufficient methionine supply.
authors.affiliation: UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), INRA, Saint-Gilles, France; UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), Agrocampus-Ouest, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castellano
authors.affiliation: UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), INRA, Saint-Gilles, France; UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), Agrocampus-Ouest, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Hélène
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Perruchot
authors.affiliation: UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), INRA, Saint-Gilles, France; UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), Agrocampus-Ouest, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: José Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Conde-Aguilera
authors.affiliation: UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), INRA, Saint-Gilles, France; UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), Agrocampus-Ouest, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Jaap
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Milgen
authors.affiliation: UR83 Recherches Avicoles (URA), INRA, Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Collin
authors.affiliation: UR83 Recherches Avicoles (URA), INRA, Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tesseraud
authors.affiliation: Adisseo France SAS, Antony, France.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mercier
authors.affiliation: UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), INRA, Saint-Gilles, France; UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement, et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (UMR PEGASE), Agrocampus-Ouest, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gondret
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008715:Methionine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008715:Methionine