title: Prevalence and factor association of premature ejaculation among adult Asian males with lower urinary tract symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of premature ejaculation (PE) among adult Asian males presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and characterize its association with other clinical factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary medical center to determine the prevalence of PE among adult male participants with LUTS during the Annual National Prostate Health Awareness Day. Basic demographic data of the participants were collected. All participants were assessed for the presence and severity of LUTS using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and for the presence of PE using the PE diagnostic tool. Digital rectal examination was performed by urologists to obtain prostate size. LUTS was further categorized into severity, storage symptoms (frequency, urgency, and nocturia), and voiding symptoms (weak stream, intermittency, straining, and incomplete emptying) to determine their association with PE. Data were analyzed by comparing the participants with PE (PE diagnostic tool score ≥11) versus those without PE, using the independent t test for continuous data, Mann-Whitney U test for ordinal data, and Chi-square test for nominal data. The statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 101 male participants with a mean ± standard deviation age of 60.75 ± 10.32 years were included. Among the participants, 33% had moderate LUTS, and 7% severe LUTS. The most common LUTS was nocturia (33%). The overall prevalence of PE was 27%. There was no significant difference among participants with PE versus those without PE in terms of age, marital status, prostate size, or total IPSS score. However, significant difference between groups was noted on the level of education (Mann-Whitney U, z = -1.993, P = 0.046) where high educational status was noted among participants with PE. Likewise, participants with PE were noted to have more prominent weak stream (Mann-Whitney U, z = -2.126, P = 0.033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the participants consulted with LUTS, 27% have concomitant PE. Educational status seems to have an impact in the self-reporting of PE, which may be due to a higher awareness of participants with higher educational attainment. A significant association between PE and weak stream that was not related to prostate size suggests a neuropathologic association.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines.
authors.forename: Jan Michael A
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Silangcruz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.affiliation: Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines ; Department of Urology, National Kidney and Transplant Institute, Quezon City, Philippines.
authors.forename: Marcelino L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Morales
keywords: Factor association; Lower urinary tract symptoms; Premature ejaculation