title: Whole-Genome Sequencing of Measles Virus Genotypes H1 and D8 During Outbreaks of Infection Following the 2010 Olympic Winter Games Reveals Viral Transmission Routes.
abstract: We used whole-genome sequencing to investigate a dual-genotype outbreak of measles occurring after the XXI Olympic Winter Games in Vancouver, Canada. By sequencing 27 complete genomes from H1 and D8 genotype measles viruses isolated from outbreak cases, we estimated the virus mutation rate, determined that person-to-person transmission is typically associated with 0 mutations between isolates, and established that a single introduction of H1 virus led to the expansion of the outbreak beyond Vancouver. This is the largest measles genomics project to date, revealing novel aspects of measles virus genetics and providing new insights into transmission of this reemerging viral pathogen.
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Centre for Disease Control School of Population and Public Health.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gardy
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Centre for Disease Control School of Population and Public Health.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naus
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Centre for Disease Control British Columbia Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory.
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amlani
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy British Columbia Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Hochan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Saba University School of Medicine, Municipality of the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Severini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine British Columbia Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory.
authors.forename: Mel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krajden
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Puddicombe
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Alberta Health and Wellness, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: Vanita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sahni
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia Vancouver Coastal Health Authority.
authors.forename: Althea S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.affiliation: Vancouver Coastal Health Authority.
authors.forename: Reka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gustafson
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Centre for Disease Control School of Population and Public Health Office of the Provincial Health Officer, British Columbia Ministry of Health, Victoria.
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine British Columbia Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003441:Crowding; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D008459:Measles virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
keywords: epidemiology; genomics; mass gathering; measles; outbreak; transmission