title: Phloroglucinol Protects INS-1 Pancreatic β-cells Against Glucotoxicity-Induced Apoptosis.
abstract: Decreasing numbers, and impaired function, of pancreatic β-cells are key factors in the development of type 2 diabetes. This study was designed to investigate whether phloroglucinol protected pancreatic β-cells against glucotoxicity-induced apoptosis using a rat insulinoma cell line (INS-1). High glucose treatment (30 mM) induced INS-1 cell death; however, the level of glucose-induced apoptosis was significantly reduced in cells treated with 100-μM phloroglucinol. Treatment with 10-100-μM phloroglucinol increased cell viability and decreased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation dose-dependently in INS-1 cells pretreated with high glucose. Furthermore, phloroglucinol treatment markedly reduced the protein expression of Bax, cytochrome c, and caspase 9, while increasing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression. Cell death type was examined using annexin V/propidium iodide staining, revealing that phloroglucinol markedly reduced high glucose-induced apoptosis. These results demonstrated that phloroglucinol could be useful as a potential therapeutic agent for the protection of pancreatic β-cells against glucose-induced apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University, Busan, 617-736, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Hwa
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Research Institute of Ecology for the Elderly, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D007340:Insulinoma; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010696:Phloroglucinol; D005947:Glucose
keywords: INS-1 pancreatic β-cell; apoptosis; glucotoxicity; phloroglucinol