title: Cytokine modulation by IL-35 in mice with allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin (IL) 35 was recently identified as an additional anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokine. However, the role of IL-35 in allergic rhinitis is not well understood. The effect of IL-35 on other cytokines in allergic responses is also unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate, in mice with allergic rhinitis, the effect of IL-35 on other cytokines associated with allergic rhinitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A murine model of allergic rhinitis was established, and splenic cells were collected. Ovalbumin-specific allergic T-cell response was measured. The production of cytokines (T helper 1 interferon-gamma), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), Th17 (IL-17), IL-12 family (IL-12, IL-23, IL-27), IL-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, and IL-10) stimulated with antigen was also measured in the presence or absence of IL-35.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-35 significantly inhibited the ovalbumin-specific T-cell response. It also significantly reduced the production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-alpha, and significantly increased the production of IL-2, IL-10, and IL-27.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that IL-35 inhibits allergic T-cell response and has the ability to modulate the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23, IL-27, and TNF-alpha in mice with allergic rhinitis. This study also indicated the possibility of a novel therapy with IL-35 for the control of allergic rhinitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Motohiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C569375:interleukin-35, mouse