title: Expression of Adiponectin Receptors on Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Hypertensive Children Is Associated with the Severity of Hypertension.
abstract: The aim of the study was to find out whether peripheral blood leukocyte adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (AdipoR1, AdipoR2) protein expression patterns (flow cytometry) differ between the primary hypertension children (n = 57) and healthy controls (n = 19) and if their expression levels are related to selected clinical parameters. The group of 26 patients [AdipoR(-)] showed lower and the group of 31 patients [AdipoR(+)] showed higher AdipoRs protein expression than the control and each other (P < 0.01 for neutrophils, P < 0.05 for monocytes). The AdipoR(+) leukocytes expressed higher AdipoR1 mRNA levels (RT-PCR) than AdipoR(-) ones and controls (P = 0.022 and P = 0.007, resp.). Despite greater BMI, the AdipoR(-) patients had unchanged serum adiponectin levels. In contrast, AdipoR(+) patients had lower serum adiponectin concentrations than the AdipoR(-) ones and controls (P < 0.001). The AdipoR(+) patients had higher blood pressure (P = 0.042) and greater carotid intima-media thickness (P = 0.017) than the AdipoR(-) ones. The stage of hypertension was associated with increased neutrophil but not monocyte AdipoR1 density (AdipoR1 MFI) (P < 0.05). Severe ambulatory hypertension was presented more often in AdipoR(+) patients than in AdipoR(-) ones (51.6% versus 26.9%, resp.; P < 0.01). In conclusion, neutrophil AdipoRs upregulation was associated with early stages of vascular injury, hypertension severity, and low serum levels of adiponectin.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Immunology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University of Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gackowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Arterial Hypertension, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 07-730 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Mieczyslaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Litwin
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 07-730 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trojanek
authors.affiliation: Chair of Immunology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University of Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eljaszewicz
authors.affiliation: Chair of Immunology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University of Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kubiszewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Arterial Hypertension, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 07-730 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niemirska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 07-730 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Aldona
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wierzbicka
authors.affiliation: Chair of Immunology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University of Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 07-730 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Michalkiewicz
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D000075222:Essential Hypertension; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; C475418:ADIPOR1 protein, human; C475420:ADIPOR2 protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin