title: Migraine aura symptoms: Duration, succession and temporal relationship to headache.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As there are no biological markers, a detailed description of symptoms, particularly temporal characteristics, is crucial when diagnosing migraine aura. Hitherto these temporal aspects have not been studied in detail.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective diary-aided study of the duration and the succession of aura symptoms and their temporal relationship with headache.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-four patients completed the study recording in a diary the characteristics of three consecutive auras ( ITALIC! n = 162 auras). The median duration of visual, sensory and dysphasic symptoms were 30, 20 and 20 minutes, respectively. Visual symptoms lasted for more than one hour in 14% of auras ( ITALIC! n = 158), sensory symptoms in 21% of auras ( ITALIC! n = 52), and dysphasic symptoms in 17% of auras ( ITALIC! n = 18). Twenty-six percent of patients had at least one aura out of three with one symptom lasting for more than one hour. In aura with multiple symptoms the subsequent symptom, second versus first one or third versus second, might either start simultaneously (34 and 18%), during (37 and 55%), with the end (5 and 9%), or after (24 and 18%) the previous aura symptom. The headache phase started before the aura (9%), simultaneously with the onset of aura (14%), during the aura (26%), simultaneously with the end of aura (15%) or after the end of aura (36%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We provide data to suggest that symptoms may last longer than one hour in a relevant proportion of auras or migraine with aura patients, and that there is a high variability of scenarios in terms of time relationship among aura symptoms and between aura and headache.
authors.affiliation: Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Italy michele.viana@ymail.com.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viana
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway Norwegian Advisory Unit on Headaches, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Mattias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Linde
authors.affiliation: Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Italy.
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sances
authors.affiliation: Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Italy.
authors.forename: Natascia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghiotto
authors.affiliation: Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guaschino
authors.affiliation: Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Italy.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allena
authors.affiliation: Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro," Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terrazzino
authors.affiliation: Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nappi
authors.affiliation: Headache Group - NIHR-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, King's College London, UK.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Goadsby
authors.affiliation: Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Italy Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tassorelli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D020325:Migraine with Aura; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Migraine with aura; duration; headache; symptoms; temporal features; time