title: Serologic Survey of Snowshoe Hares (Lepus americanus) in the Greater Yellowstone Area for Brucellosis, Tularemia, and Snowshoe Hare Virus.
abstract: We examined sera from snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) livetrapped in the northern Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA), US, for antibodies to Brucella abortus, Francisella tularensis, and snowshoe hare virus (SSHV). Zero of 90, 0 of 67, and 40 of 100 samples were antibody positive for B. abortus, F. tularensis, and SSHV, respectively. Hares were trapped from 2009 to 2012, and of the six animals that were captured twice with at least 1 yr between captures, four developed antibody to SSHV, indicating active exposure to the agent. These findings suggest snowshoe hares in the GYA do not play a significant role as a reservoir of B. abortus, but do maintain the zoonotic, encephalitic SSHV in the population.
authors.affiliation: 2  US Forest Service, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rockies Science Center, Bozeman, Montana 59715, USA.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tyers
authors.affiliation: 3  US Forest Service, Custer Gallatin National Forest, Gardiner Ranger District, Gardiner, Montana 59030, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.affiliation: 1  US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA.|6  Current address: Banfield Pet Hospital, 5270 E Highway 100, Palm Coast, Florida 32164, USA.
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lewandowski
authors.affiliation: 4  US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hennager
authors.affiliation: 5  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: 5  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pappert
authors.affiliation: 5  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panella
authors.affiliation: 5  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kosoy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002003:Brucella abortus / Q000276:immunology; D002006:Brucellosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002043:Bunyaviridae / Q000276:immunology; D002044:Bunyaviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005604:Francisella tularensis / Q000276:immunology; D034621:Hares / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D009009:Montana / Q000453:epidemiology; D014406:Tularemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000914:Antibodies, Viral
keywords: Brucella abortus; Francisella tularensis; Greater Yellowstone Area; Yellowstone; brucellosis; snowshoe hare; snowshoe hare virus; tularemia