title: Novel drug delivery systems for actinides (uranium and plutonium) decontamination agents.
abstract: The possibility of accidents in the nuclear industry or of nuclear terrorist attacks makes the development of new decontamination strategies crucial. Among radionuclides, actinides such as uranium and plutonium and their different isotopes are considered as the most dangerous contaminants, plutonium displaying mostly a radiological toxicity whereas uranium exhibits mainly a chemical toxicity. Contamination occurs through ingestion, skin or lung exposure with subsequent absorption and distribution of the radionuclides to different tissues where they induce damaging effects. Different chelating agents have been synthesized but their efficacy is limited by their low tissue specificity and high toxicity. For these reasons, several groups have developed smart delivery systems to increase the local concentration of the chelating agent or to improve its biodistribution. The aim of this review is to highlight these strategies.
authors.affiliation: Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de pharmacie, Institut Galien Paris-Sud, LabEx LERMIT, 5 rue JB Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 8612, 5 rue JB Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France. Electronic address: elias.fattal@u-psud.fr.
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fattal
authors.affiliation: Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de pharmacie, Institut Galien Paris-Sud, LabEx LERMIT, 5 rue JB Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 8612, 5 rue JB Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsapis
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-Hom, SDI, Laboratoire de RadioChimie, 31 avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Phan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D011005:Plutonium; D000069079:Radiation Exposure; D014501:Uranium
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D014501:Uranium; D011005:Plutonium
keywords: Actinides; Chelating agents; Decontamination; Decorporation; Liposomes; Lung delivery; Nanoemulsions