title: Adsorption characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from non-aqueous media using activated carbon derived from phenol formaldehyde resin: kinetics and thermodynamic study.
abstract: Porous carbons were prepared by carbonization and activation of phenol formaldehyde resin by gasification with CO2at 900 °C. Prepared activated carbon from phenol formaldehyde was characterized by measuring thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), pH, surface area, porosity, and pore size distribution. The specific surface area (SSA) of these carbons ranges from 562 to 1904 m2/g, while their point of zero charge (pHPZC) varies from 2.6 to 8.8. The ability of the prepared activated carbon by gasification with CO2at 900 °C from phenol formaldehyde resin (PFAC) to remove a series of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), e.g., naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and fluoranthene, from mixtures of organic solvents with different polarities and chemical structures was tested. The adsorption capacity increases with the increasing the SSA and pHPZC of the carbons, confirming the roles of dispersive interactions. The kinetics and thermodynamics of the adsorption of phenanthrene as a model compound of PAH on PFAC in the organic solvent were studied. The adsorption capacity became notably greater with an increase in contact time and initial phenanthrene concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia. malsaeed@kau.edu.sa.|Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damiatta University, Damiatta, Egypt. malsaeed@kau.edu.sa.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: El-Shahawi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bashammakh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alwael
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alsibaai
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dowaidar
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D019800:Phenol / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011108:Polymers; D002606:Charcoal; D005557:Formaldehyde; D019800:Phenol; D002244:Carbon; C011529:phenol-formaldehyde resin
keywords: Activated carbon; Adsorption of PAHs; Equilibrium isotherms; Kinetics and thermodynamics; Non-aqueous media; Phenol formaldehyde resin