title: Hypothalamic inflammation and food intake regulation during chronic illness.
abstract: Anorexia is a common symptom in chronic illness. It contributes to malnutrition and strongly affects survival and quality of life. A common denominator of many chronic diseases is an elevated inflammatory status, which is considered to play a pivotal role in the failure of food-intake regulating systems in the hypothalamus. In this review, we summarize findings on the role of hypothalamic inflammation on food intake regulation involving hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Furthermore, we outline the role of serotonin in the inability of these peptide based food-intake regulating systems to respond and adapt to changes in energy metabolism during chronic disease.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: jvalini.dwarkasing@wur.nl.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Dwarkasing
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Witkamp
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: van Norren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001069:Appetite Regulation; D002450:Cell Communication; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D036361:Peptide Hormones
keywords: Anorexia; Hypothalamus; Inflammation; Melanocortins; NPY; Serotonin