title: [Microbiological characteristics and patterns of resistance in prosthetic joint infections in a referral hospital].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prosthetic joint infection is the most feared and catastrophic complication for cause severe physical damage to patients and, generates high economic costs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the microbiological characteristics and to determine the resistance pattern in prosthetic joint infections in a reference hospital in Mexico.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients whose prosthetic devices were withdrawn due to suspicion of septic and aseptic loosening were included. Cultures were performed to identify microorganisms and susceptibility analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 111 patients included, 55% were diagnosed with prosthetic joint infection, with the most frequent prosthesis being of the hip (43%). Positive cultures were obtained in 97% of the infected cases, of which 75% were monomicrobial infections. The most frequent bacterial species isolated were: Staphylococcus epidermidis (31%), Enterococcus faecalis (16%), Staphylococcus aureus (13%), and Escherichia coli (8%). The resistance patterns for the Staphylococcus genus were: oxacillin (79%), erythromycin (45%) and ciprofloxacin (37%). Enterococcus faecalis showed a high percentage of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin (86%), and fluoroquinolones (43%). The large majority (86%) of Escherichia coli were extended spectrum beta-lactamases positive, in addition to having high resistance to fluoroquinolones (86%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (86%) and gentamicin (72%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The microbiological characteristics found in prosthetic joint infections vary according to the hospitals. In this series, a high proportion of coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Enterococcus spp. were found, as well as a high bacterial resistance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México, D.F., México. Electronic address: silvestreortega@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Silvestre
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ortega-Peña
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México, D.F., México.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colín-Castro
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México, D.F., México.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández-Duran
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México, D.F., México.
authors.forename: Esaú
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López-Jácome
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México, D.F., México.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Franco-Cendejas
mesh_terms: D000047:Academies and Institutes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D020878:Device Removal; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D026141:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal; D058569:Elbow Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006622:Hip Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007720:Knee Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D011475:Prosthesis Failure / Q000209:etiology; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Infección; Infection; Microbial resistance; Microorganismos; Microorganisms; Prosthetic joint; Prótesis articular; Resistencia microbiana