title: Detection of antibiotic resistance, virulence gene determinants and biofilm formation in Aeromonas species isolated from cattle.
abstract: This study aimed to assess the antibiogram of Aeromonas strains recovered from cattle faeces and the potential pathogenic status of the isolates. The antibiogram of the Aeromonas isolates demonstrated total resistance to clindamycin oxacillin, trimethoprim, novobiocin and ticarcillin. However, Aeromonas strains were sensitive to cefotaxime, oxytetracycline and tobramycin. The Aeromonas strains from Lovedale and Fort Cox farms were found to possess some virulence genes. The percentage distribution was aer 71.4%, ast 35.7%, fla 60.7%, lip 35.7% and hlyA 25% for Lovedale farm and aer 63.1%, alt 10.5%, ast 55.2%, fla 78.9%, lip 21% and hlyA 35.9% for Fort Cox farm. Class 1 integron was present in 27% of Aeromonas isolates; the bla TEM gene was present in 34.8%, while the blaP1 class A β-lactamase gene was detected in 12.1% of the isolates. Approximately 86% of the isolates formed a biofilm on microtitre plates. The presence of multiple antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Aeromonas isolates from cattle faeces reveals the pathogenic and infectious importance of these isolates and is of great significance to public health. The possession of a biofilm-forming capability by such isolates may lead to difficulty during the management of infection related to Aeromonas species.
authors.affiliation: SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. ladyisoken@gmail.com.|Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa. ladyisoken@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Isoken H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Igbinosa
authors.affiliation: SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. eigbinosa@gmail.com.|Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Private Mail Bag 1154, Benin, 300001, Nigeria. eigbinosa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Etinosa O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Igbinosa
authors.affiliation: SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. aokoh@ufh.ac.za.
authors.forename: Anthony I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Okoh
mesh_terms: D000333:Aeromonas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D002417:Cattle; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D032023:Integrons / Q000235:genetics; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Biofilm; Integron; Virulence gene; bla TEM