title: [Effect of Below-cloud Secondary Evaporation in Precipitations over the Loess Plateau Based on the Stable Isotopes of Hydrogen and Oxygen].
abstract: Based on stable isotopes in 409 precipitation samples provided by GNIP and meteorological records at the eight stations in Loess Plateau from January 1985 to December 2004, as well as the trajectory model of HYSPLIT 4.9, the spatial and temporal variations of d-excess and Δ18O were analyzed. The spatial distribution of secondary evaporation rate and the impact of meteorological factors on below-cloud secondary evaporation were also discussed. The result showed that: (1) During summer and winter monsoon periods, Δ18O showed an uptrend variation and d-excess showed a downtrend variation from south to north in Loess Plateau. From east to west, Δ180 showed an uptrend variation only in summer monsoon period and a downtrend variation in winter monsoon period. The value of d-excess also showed a downtrend variation. Amplitude of variation Δ18O and d-excess could indicate the routes of monsoon. (2) Secondary evaporation existed on an annual basis, and it was relatively significant during the summer monsoon period, with ranges from 1.51% to 5.88% and an average rate of 3.87%. While winter monsoon became lower, the rates ranged from 1.06% to 5.46%, and the average rate dropped to 3.03%. Monsoon had larger influence on secondary evaporation in margin area of the plateau, while the influence on the central stations was little. (3) Temperature had the highest contribution to secondary evaporation, followed by precipitation amount and water vapor pressure, and relative humidity had a small contribution. Moreover, the influence of wind speed and altitude on secondary evaporation was weak.
authors.forename: Xiao-gang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Ming-jun
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sheng-jie
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-fan
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Zheng-guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Fen-li
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000531:Altitude; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002980:Climate; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis*; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D011891:Rain; D012621:Seasons; D013227:Steam; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D013227:Steam; D014867:Water; D006859:Hydrogen; D010100:Oxygen