title: Necrobiosis Lipoidica.
abstract: Necrobiosis lipoidica is a granulomatous condition presenting as indolent atrophic plaques, often on the lower extremities. There is a multitude of case reports suggesting possible associations and documenting different therapeutic alternatives with varied success. Important complications include ulceration and the development of squamous cell carcinoma. The disease course is often indolent and recurrent despite treatment. This article reviews the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentations, and evidence for treatment alternatives of this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Cathryn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sibbald
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: afsaneh.alavi@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Afsaneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alavi
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D009335:Necrobiosis Lipoidica / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors
keywords: Necrobiosis lipoidica; Necrobiosis lipoidica/diagnosis; Necrobiosis lipoidica/therapy; Ulcerations