title: Improvement of Accuracy in Environmental Dosimetry by TLD Cards Using Three-dimensional Calibration Method.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The angular dependency of response for TLD cards may cause deviation from its true value on the results of environmental dosimetry, since TLDs may be exposed to radiation at different angles of incidence from the surrounding area.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A 3D setting of TLD cards has been calibrated isotropically in a standard radiation field to evaluate the improvement of the accuracy of measurement for environmental dosimetry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three personal TLD cards were rectangularly placed in a cylindrical holder, and calibrated using 1D and 3D calibration methods. Then, the dosimeter has been used simultaneously with a reference instrument in a real radiation field measuring the accumulated dose within a time interval.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that the accuracy of measurement has been improved by 6.5% using 3D calibration factor in comparison with that of normal 1D calibration method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This system can be utilized in large scale environmental monitoring with a higher accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Safety & Radiological Protection Research Department, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran ; Faculty of Energy Engineering & Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: HosseiniAliabadi
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Safety & Radiological Protection Research Department, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hosseini Pooya
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Energy Engineering & Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Afarideh
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Safety & Radiological Protection Research Department, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mianji
keywords: Accuracy; Calibration; Dosimetry; Environmental; TLD