title: Studies on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Five Thymus vulgaris L. Essential Oils.
abstract: This study is aimed at assessing the essential oil composition, total phenolic content, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Thymus vulgaris collected in five different area of the Campania Region, Southern Italy. The chemical composition of the essential oils was studied by GC-flame ionization detector (FID) and GC/MS; the biological activities were evaluated through determination of MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and evaluation of antioxidant activity. In total, 134 compounds were identified. The oils were mainly composed of phenolic compounds, and all oils belonged to the chemotype thymol. The antimicrobial activity of the five oils was assayed against ten bacterial strains. The oils showed different inhibitory activity against some Gram-positive pathogens. The total phenol content in the essential oils ranged from 77.6-165.1 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g. The results reported here may help to shed light on the complex chemotaxonomy of the genus Thymus. These oils could be used in many fields as natural preservatives of food and as nutraceuticals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy. emancini@unisa.it.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy. federica.senatore90@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Senatore
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy. blackwhites@interfree.it.
authors.forename: Donato
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Del Monte
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy. ldemartino@unisa.it.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Martino
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, 17 November street, Presov 08116, Slovak. dgrulova@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grulova
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 1 Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy. mscognamiglio@unisa.it.
authors.forename: Mariarosa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scognamiglio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Water Treatment and Reuse, Water Research and Technologies Center, Technopark of Borj-Cedria, BP 273, Soliman 8020, Tunisia. snmejdi@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Mejdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Snoussi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy. defeo@unisa.it.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Feo
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D046930:Thymus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010636:Phenols
keywords: Thymus vulgaris; antimicrobial activity; antioxidant activity; essential oil; phenolic compounds