title: Plasmofluidics: Merging Light and Fluids at the Micro-/Nanoscale.
abstract: Plasmofluidics is the synergistic integration of plasmonics and micro/nanofluidics in devices and applications in order to enhance performance. There has been significant progress in the emerging field of plasmofluidics in recent years. By utilizing the capability of plasmonics to manipulate light at the nanoscale, combined with the unique optical properties of fluids and precise manipulation via micro/nanofluidics, plasmofluidic technologies enable innovations in lab-on-a-chip systems, reconfigurable photonic devices, optical sensing, imaging, and spectroscopy. In this review article, the most recent advances in plasmofluidics are examined and categorized into plasmon-enhanced functionalities in microfluidics and microfluidics-enhanced plasmonic devices. The former focuses on plasmonic manipulations of fluids, bubbles, particles, biological cells, and molecules at the micro/nanoscale. The latter includes technological advances that apply microfluidic principles to enable reconfigurable plasmonic devices and performance-enhanced plasmonic sensors. The article is concluded with perspectives on the upcoming challenges, opportunities, and possible future directions of the emerging field of plasmofluidics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Mingsong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Electro-Optics Graduate Program, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, USA.
authors.forename: Chenglong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Google, Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, Huck Institute of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, Huck Institute of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rufo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yan Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, Huck Institute of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Tony Jun
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Yuebing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D008027:Light; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000379:methods*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000737:chemistry*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D058626:Plasma Gases
keywords: microfluidics; nanofluidics; plasmofluidic sensors; plasmofluidics; plasmonic tweezers; plasmonics; reconfigurable plasmonic devices; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy