title: Cabozantinib in Thyroid Cancer.
abstract: Cabozantinib is an oral once-daily multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor of MET, VEGFR2, RET, acting against KIT, AXL, FLT3 and Tie-2. Cabozantinib has shown anti-cancer effects in preclinical and clinical models of cancers derived from both epithelial and mesenchymal origins [prostate cancer, non small lung cancer, medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), renal cell carcinoma, etc.]. In a Phase III clinical study, cabozantinib improved PFS (11.2 months versus 4.0 months in the placebo group) of patients with MTC (independently of age, bone metastases, RET status and prior treatment). Cabozantinib was approved in 2012 by FDA for metastatic MTC and in 2013 by EMA. Cabozantinib has been also evaluated in metastatic DTC patients, because they have activation on tyrosine kinases, including MET, VEGFR2 and RET, suggesting the possible use of cabozantinib in metastatic DTC. Actually, two Phase II trials of cabozantinib in DTC patients resistant to RAI are ongoing. To increase the antineoplastic effect of cabozantinib, and to overcome the occurrence of drug resistance, combination studies with other anticancer agents are ongoing. In conclusion, cabozantinib has shown to exert an important therapeutic effect in patients with MTC improving PFS. In DTC patients, cabozantinib has shown promising results.
authors.forename: Poupak
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fallahi
authors.forename: Silvia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di  Bari
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Materazzi
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benvenga
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miccoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy. alessandro.antonelli@med.unipi.it.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antonelli
mesh_terms: D000813:Anilides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000813:Anilides; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011725:Pyridines; C558660:cabozantinib