title: Antioxidant Activity and Teratogenicity Evaluation of Lawsonia Inermis in BALB/c Mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lawsonia inermis is a medicinal plant with abortive properties. There has been no scientific study to evaluate the teratogenicity of this plant. This study was performed to determine the antioxidant activity and the possible side effect of L. inermis hydroalcoholic extract on development of congenital abnormalities in BALB/c mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this experimental study, 120 female mature BALB/c mice were assigned to four groups and after mating and confirming the vaginal plug, the animals in the first group (G1) were kept with no intervention, and the second (G2), third (G3) and fourth (G4) groups were intraperitoneally (ip) injected with respectively saline (0.3 ml), and 10 and 100 mg/kg of L. inermis extract (for 7 days). On the 19th day, caesarean section was performed on the mice and embryos were examined for abnormalities. Their height and weight were measured. Data were analysed by ANOVA and post-hoc least significant difference tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences between G3 and G4, and G1 (p<0.001); no significant difference was seen between G3 and G4. At 100 mg/kg dose of L. inermis, the parietal bones were absent in 90% of embryos and more extra ribs were observed in both G3 and G4 (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  L. inermis may have teratogenicity and should be used cautiously during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran .
authors.forename: Lobat
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jafarzadeh
authors.affiliation: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran .
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seifi
authors.affiliation: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran .
authors.forename: Najmeh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shahinfard
authors.affiliation: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran .
authors.forename: Mehrnoosh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sedighi
authors.affiliation: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran .
authors.forename: Soleiman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kheiri
authors.affiliation: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran .
authors.forename: Hedayatollah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirzad
authors.affiliation: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran .
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rafieian-Kopaei
keywords: Herbal medicines; Medicinal plant; Pregnancy; Safety; Toxicity