title: Genetics of human isolated hereditary nail disorders.
abstract: Human hereditary nail disorders constitute a rare and heterogeneous group of ectodermal dysplasias. They occur as isolated and/or syndromic ectodermal conditions where other ectodermal appendages are also involved, and can occur associated with skeletal dysplasia. 'Nail disorder, nonsyndromic congenital' (OMIM; Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) is subclassified into 10 different types. The underlying genes identified thus far are expressed in the nail bed and play important roles in nail development and morphogenesis. Here, we review the current literature on nail disorders and present a coherent review on the genetics of nail disorders. This review will pave the way to identifying putative genes and pathways involved in nail development and morphogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.|Genomic Core Facility, interim Translational Research Institute (iTRI), Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 3050 Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah, 30001 Almadinah Almunawarah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basit
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Park Road, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Habib
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005385:Fingers; D005796:Genes / Q000235:genetics; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009260:Nail Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000235:genetics*; D014034:Toes