title: Resistance Exercise Reduces Body Fat and Insulin During Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether exercise could reduce biomarkers of cancer progression in prostate cancer survivors (PCSs) on androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oregon Health and Science University School of Nursing.
  
  
  METHODS
  51 PCSs randomized to one year of resistance and impact training or a stretching control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors investigated changes in body composition and cancer-related biomarkers, and the influence of age and fat loss on changes in biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body composition (total fat, trunk fat, and lean mass), insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and sex hormone-binding globulin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 36 PCSs with baseline and 12-month data, total fat (p = 0.02) and trunk fat (p = 0.06) mass decreased in the training group compared to gains in controls. Loss of total and trunk fat each mediated the relationship between groups and one-year change in insulin (p < 0.05). Age moderated the insulin response to exercise where insulin reductions were smaller with increasing age (p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resistance and impact exercise may reduce body fat among PCSs undergoing ADT, in turn exerting an insulin-lowering effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurses should counsel PCSs to exercise to reduce the risk of obesity and associated conditions, including cancer progression.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland.
authors.forename: Kerri M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Winters-Stone
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health and Science University in Portland.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dieckmann
authors.affiliation: Oregon State University in Corvallis.
authors.forename: Gianni F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Maddalozzo
authors.affiliation: Knight Cancer Institute at Oregon Health and Science University.
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: Knight Cancer Institute at Oregon Health and Science University.
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.affiliation: Knight Cancer Institute at Oregon Health and Science University.
authors.forename: Tomasz M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Beer
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009922:Oregon; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017741:Survivors
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007328:Insulin
keywords: body composition; obesity; physical activity; weight training