title: Examining neurocognition in body dysmorphic disorder using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS): A comparison with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
abstract: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterised by (i) an excessive preoccupation with an imagined defect in appearance, as well as (ii) repetitive behaviours and/or mental acts that occur in response to the preoccupation. To date, neuropsychological investigations have been limited. This study examined performance on the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), tapping into five indices of neurocognition: (i) Immediate Memory, (ii) Visuospatial Construction, (iii) Language, (iv) Attention, and (iv) Delayed Memory. Twenty-one BDD participants were compared with 19 obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) participants and 21 healthy controls (HC), who were age-, sex-, and IQ-matched. Results indicated the BDD and OCD groups demonstrated poor overall neuropsychological performance (i.e. total RBANS) as well as deficits on the indices of Immediate Memory and Attention. Further group differences involving the subtests of Story Memory, Digit Span, and Story Recall were detected. Neuropsychological impairment in BDD with indicated similarities in OCD were corroborated. Future research should extend investigations focusing on gist and delayed memory, and aspects of attentional processing.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychological Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Stream, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Level 4, 607 St. Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia. Electronic address: wlin.toh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wei Lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychological Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent's Mental Health, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Castle
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychological Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Stream, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital and Monash University School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Level 4, 607 St. Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent's Mental Health, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rossell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D057215:Body Dysmorphic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Body image; Cognitive testing; Neuropsychology