title: Poststroke Epilepsy Is Associated With a High Mortality After a Stroke at Young Age: Follow-Up of Transient Ischemic Attack and Stroke Patients and Unelucidated Risk Factor Evaluation Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Poststroke epilepsy is a common complication after a young stroke. We investigated the association between poststroke epilepsy and mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a prospective cohort study among 631 patients with a first-ever transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke, aged 18 to 50 years. Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard analysis were used to estimate cumulative mortality and hazard ratios for patients with and without epilepsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After mean follow-up of 12.5 years (SD 8.6), 76 (12.0%) developed poststroke epilepsy. Case fatality was 27.4% for patients with poststroke epilepsy and 2.1% for those without. Poststroke epilepsy was associated with 30-day mortality (hazard ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-14.0) and long-term mortality (hazard ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epilepsy is a common problem after a young stroke and is associated with an increased short-term and long-term mortality.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (R.M.A., L.C.A.R.-J., N.A.M.M., H.C.S., E.J.v.D., F.-E.d.L.); Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (L.C.A.R.-J.); and Department of Neurolog, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (L.D.A.D.).
authors.forename: Renate M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Arntz
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (R.M.A., L.C.A.R.-J., N.A.M.M., H.C.S., E.J.v.D., F.-E.d.L.); Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (L.C.A.R.-J.); and Department of Neurolog, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (L.D.A.D.).
authors.forename: Loes C A
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Rutten-Jacobs
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (R.M.A., L.C.A.R.-J., N.A.M.M., H.C.S., E.J.v.D., F.-E.d.L.); Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (L.C.A.R.-J.); and Department of Neurolog, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (L.D.A.D.).
authors.forename: Noortje A M
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Maaijwee
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (R.M.A., L.C.A.R.-J., N.A.M.M., H.C.S., E.J.v.D., F.-E.d.L.); Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (L.C.A.R.-J.); and Department of Neurolog, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (L.D.A.D.).
authors.forename: Hennie C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Schoonderwaldt
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (R.M.A., L.C.A.R.-J., N.A.M.M., H.C.S., E.J.v.D., F.-E.d.L.); Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (L.C.A.R.-J.); and Department of Neurolog, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (L.D.A.D.).
authors.forename: Lucille D A
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Dorresteijn
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (R.M.A., L.C.A.R.-J., N.A.M.M., H.C.S., E.J.v.D., F.-E.d.L.); Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (L.C.A.R.-J.); and Department of Neurolog, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (L.D.A.D.).
authors.forename: Ewoud J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurology and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (R.M.A., L.C.A.R.-J., N.A.M.M., H.C.S., E.J.v.D., F.-E.d.L.); Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (L.C.A.R.-J.); and Department of Neurolog, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (L.D.A.D.). FrankErik.deLeeuw@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: Frank-Erik
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: de Leeuw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*
keywords: cohort studies; epilepsy; ischemic, transient attack; mortality; stroke