title: Simplified multi-element analysis of ground and instant coffees by ICP-OES and FAAS.
abstract: A simplified alternative to the wet digestion sample preparation procedure for roasted ground and instant coffees has been developed and validated for the determination of different elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) (Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na). The proposed procedure, i.e. the ultrasound-assisted solubilisation in aqua regia, is quite fast and simple, requires minimal use of reagents, and demonstrated good analytical performance, i.e. accuracy from -4.7% to 1.9%, precision within 0.5-8.6% and recovery in the range 93.5-103%. Detection limits of elements were from 0.086 ng ml(-1) (Sr) to 40 ng ml(-1) (Fe). A preliminary classification of 18 samples of ground and instant coffees was successfully made based on concentrations of selected elements and using principal component analysis and hierarchic cluster analysis.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Chemistry, Division of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Metallurgy , Wroclaw University of Technology , Wroclaw , Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szymczycha-Madeja
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Welna
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pohl
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000032:analysis*; D001464:Barium / Q000032:analysis*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry*; D005504:Food Analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D014131:Trace Elements; D001464:Barium; D000535:Aluminum
keywords: HCA; PCA; ground coffee; instant coffee; major; minor and trace elements; sample preparation; ultrasound-assisted solubilisation and extraction