title: Structural and Function Correlation of Cone Packing Utilizing Adaptive Optics and Microperimetry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the functional aspects of cone mosaic and correlate cone packing with retinal sensitivity utilizing microperimetry in emmetropes at different eccentricities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent microperimetry (MAIA Centervue, Italy) and assessment of photoreceptors using adaptive optics retinal camera, rtx1 (Imagine Eyes, Orsay, France), at 2 and 3 degrees from the foveal centre in 4 quadrants: superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17 (IBM). Spearman's correlation tests were used to establish correlation between mean cone packing density and retinal sensitivity at different quadrants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen females and 11 males (age range 20-40 years) were included. The cone density was found to be significantly different among all quadrants (temporal = 25786.68/mm(2) ± 4367.07/mm(2), superior = 23009.35/mm(2) ± 5415.81/mm(2), nasal = 22838.09/mm(2) ± 4166.22/mm(2), and inferior = 21097.53/mm(2) ± 4235.84/mm(2)). A statistical significance (P < 0.008) was found between orthogonal meridians, that is, temporal, nasal (48624.77/mm(2))> superior, inferior (44106.88/mm(2)). A drop in retinal sensitivity was observed as the eccentricity increased (P < 0.05). It was also found that as cone packing density decreased retinal sensitivity also decreased (P < 0.05) in all quadrants. This was observed at both 2 and 3 degrees.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is of crucial importance to establish normative variations in cone structure-function correlation. This may help in detection of subtle pathology and its early intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, No. 121/C, 1st R Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, India.
authors.forename: Dabir
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Supriya
authors.affiliation: Department of Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, No. 121/C, 1st R Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, India.
authors.forename: Mangalesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shwetha
authors.affiliation: Department of Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, No. 121/C, 1st R Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, India.
authors.forename: Kumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiran Anupama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract & Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, No. 121/C, 1st R Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, India.
authors.forename: Kurian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kummelil Mathew
authors.affiliation: Department of Cornea & Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, No. 121/C, 1st R Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, India.
authors.forename: Tos T J M
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Berendschot
authors.affiliation: Department of Cornea & Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, No. 121/C, 1st R Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, India.
authors.forename: Jan S A G
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.affiliation: Department of Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, No. 121/C, 1st R Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, India.
authors.forename: Roopa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bharamshetter
authors.affiliation: Department of Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, No. 121/C, 1st R Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, India.
authors.forename: Yadav K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Naresh
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Shetty
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rohit
authors.affiliation: Forus Health Pvt. Ltd, No. 2234, 23rd Cross Road, Banashankari Stage II, Banashankari, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Bharath
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hegde
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult