title: HCG induces β1,4-GalT I expression and promotes embryo implantation.
abstract: Embryo implantation is regarded as a critical physiological process for the success of pregnancy. There are so many reports on the research of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in artificial insemination, but the impact of HCG on endometrial receptivity has not been elucidated. Beta1, 4-Galactosyltransferase-I (β1,4-GalT-I) is ubiquitously expresses in human tissues with the exception of the brain. It not only transfers galactose from UDP-galactoside to GlcNAc to form Galβl,4-GlcNAc, but plays crucial role as cell adhesion molecule by recognizing and adhering other extracellular matrix and galactose of cell surface glycoprotein and glycolipid in cancer cells invasion and migration. The process of the embryos implantation is very similar to tumor invasion, so many biological factors participate in the tumor invasion also play a role in embryo implantation. We hypothesize that β1,4-GalT-I may take part in embryo implantation. In this study, we demonstrated that the over expression of β1,4-GalT-I was induced by HCG in RL95-2 cells. Moreover, the expression of some molecules, such as TIMP-1, LN and MMPs could be regulated by engineered expression of β1,4-GalT-I and therefore lead to the significantly alteration of adhesion capability of RL95-2 cells, even result in reduced adhesive ability between JAR cells and RL95-2 cells. Furthermore, our results indicated that HCG can obviously increase the EGFR signaling pathways-dependent molecular expression through β1,4-GalT-I, HCG also improved the adhesive ability between JAR cells and RL95-2 cells (P<0.01). Taken together, our data suggested that HCG provides a mechanism to bridge embryo to endometrium through β1,4-GalT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China ; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Yunpeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Linlin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Yuefei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Ningning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Yanni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Yinghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005260:Female; D005700:Galactosyltransferases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007797:Laminin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D007797:Laminin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D005700:Galactosyltransferases; C119701:beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: 4-GalT-I; EGFR; HCG; MMPs; embryo; implantation; β1