title: Bone metastasis in gastrointestinal stromal tumors preferentially occurs in patients with original tumors in sites other than the stomach.
abstract: Bone metastases are rare in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and data on the clinicopathological profiles are lacking. The purpose of this report was to identify the clinicopathological profiles of this rare clinical setting by evaluating 23 cases, four of which were our own and the additional 19 were from the relevant English literature. In 18 cases, the primary GISTs occurred in sites other than the stomach, although a high proportion of these tumors do arise in the stomach. All tumors at the disease presentation had more than a low risk of recurrence, with most tumors either at a high risk or initially malignant with liver metastasis. In four cases, bone metastasis was the primary metastatic manifestation. Although rare in GISTs, bone metastasis should be considered in patients with primary tumors at a high risk for recurrence or in initially malignant tumors with liver metastasis, especially with primary tumors in sites other than the stomach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hatta
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Environmental Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School 3-8-15 Kuramotomachi, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuneyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Johji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Imura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: GIST; bone metastasis; risk classification