title: Advancing Model Systems for Fundamental Laboratory Studies of Sea Spray Aerosol Using the Microbial Loop.
abstract: Sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles represent one of the most abundant surfaces available for heterogeneous reactions to occur upon and thus profoundly alter the composition of the troposphere. In an effort to better understand tropospheric heterogeneous reaction processes, fundamental laboratory studies must be able to accurately reproduce the chemical complexity of SSA. Here we describe a new approach that uses microbial processes to control the composition of seawater and SSA particle composition. By inducing a phytoplankton bloom, we are able to create dynamic ecosystem interactions between marine microorganisms, which serve to alter the organic mixtures present in seawater. Using this controlled approach, changes in seawater composition become reflected in the chemical composition of SSA particles 4 to 10 d after the peak in chlorophyll-a. This approach for producing and varying the chemical complexity of a dominant tropospheric aerosol provides the foundation for further investigations of the physical and chemical properties of realistic SSA particles under controlled conditions.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Camille M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Douglas B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Mitchell V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Santander
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Axson
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Malfatti
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Gavin C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Cornwell
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Joshua R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Grandquist
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Grant B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Deane
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: M Dale
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Farooq
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azam
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Vicki H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Grassian
authors.affiliation: †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States.|§Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Prather
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000737:chemistry*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D007753:Laboratories; D008956:Models, Chemical; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D002734:Chlorophyll; D000077194:Chlorophyll A