title: Strong phylogenetic signals and phylogenetic niche conservatism in ecophysiological traits across divergent lineages of Magnoliaceae.
abstract: The early diverged Magnoliaceae shows a historical temperate-tropical distribution among lineages indicating divergent evolution, yet which ecophysiological traits are phylogenetically conserved, and whether these traits are involved in correlated evolution remain unclear. Integrating phylogeny and 20 ecophysiological traits of 27 species, from the four largest sections of Magnoliaceae, we tested the phylogenetic signals of these traits and the correlated evolution between trait pairs. Phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC) in water-conducting and nutrient-use related traits was identified, and correlated evolution of several key functional traits was demonstrated. Among the three evergreen sections of tropical origin, Gwillimia had the lowest hydraulic-photosynthetic capacity and the highest drought tolerance compared with Manglietia and Michelia. Contrastingly, the temperate centred deciduous section, Yulania, showed high rates of hydraulic conductivity and photosynthesis at the cost of drought tolerance. This study elucidated the regulation of hydraulic and photosynthetic processes in the temperate-tropical adaptations for Magnoliaceae species, which led to strong phylogenetic signals and PNC in ecophysiological traits across divergent lineages of Magnoliaceae.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1] Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China [2] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan road 19A, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Qiuyuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: 1] Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China [2] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan road 19A, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Pengcheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: 1] Botany &Plant Sciences, University of California, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521-0124, USA [2] Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Republic of Panama.
authors.forename: Louis S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.affiliation: Horticulture Center, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianyuan Road 1190, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Keming
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D017753:Ecosystem; D029562:Magnoliaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000502:physiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D025341:Principal Component Analysis