title: Factors Affecting Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Relatives of Intensive Care Unit Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidences of anxiety and depression in relatives of patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) and to investigate the relationships between psychological symptoms and demographic features of the patients and their relatives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relatives of 78 ICU patients were enrolled in the study. Sociodemographic features of patients and their relatives were recorded. The Turkish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess anxiety and depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight (35.9%) cases with anxiety and 56 (71.8%) cases with depression were identified. The mean anxiety and depression scores were 9.49 ± 4.183 and 9.40 ± 4.286, respectively. Anxiety (P = .028) and concomitant anxiety with depression (P = .035) were more frequent among family members of young patients. The relationship to the patient, especially being a spouse, was significantly associated with symptoms (anxiety, P = .009; depression, P = .019; and both, P = .005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spouses and family members of relatively young patients had higher rates of anxiety and depression. In contrast to the literature, depression was more common than anxiety among the relatives of ICU patients. Further research is needed on the impact of cultural and regional differences on anxiety and depression rates in family members of ICU patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey isilkose66@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Işıl
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Köse
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Çiler
authors.initials: Ç
authors.lastname: Zincircioğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yasemin Kılıç
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Öztürk
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çakmak
authors.forename: Evin Aydın
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Güldoğan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hafize Fisun
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nimet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Şenoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Rıza Hakan
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Erbay
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonullu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003142:Communication; D003422:Critical Care / Q000523:psychology; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D003657:Decision Making; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: anxiety; depression; family members; intensive care units; questionnaires