title: Capturing step counts at slow walking speeds in older adults: comparison of ankle and waist placement of measuring device.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is important for older adults to be physically active, but many older adults walk slowly. This study examined the accuracy of a commercially available step-count device (Fitbit One) at slow speeds and compared the accuracy of the device when worn at the ankle and waist in older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Fitbit One was placed at the ankle and waist of participants (n=42; mean age 73 years) while they performed walking trials at 7 different speeds (0.3-0.9 m/s). Step counts obtained from video recordings were used as the gold standard comparison to determine the accuracy of the device.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ankle-worn device had significantly less error than the waist-worn device at all speeds. The percentage error of the ankle-worn device was less than 10% at speeds of 0.4-0.9 m/s and did not record zero steps at any speed. The percentage error of the waist-worn device was below 10% at only the 2 fastest speeds (0.8 and 0.9 m/s) and recorded zero steps for numerous participants at speeds of 0.3-0.5 m/s.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Fitbit One can accurately capture steps at slow speeds when placed at the ankle and thus may be appropriate for capturing physical activity in slow-walking older adults.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Science, University of British Columbia , , Canada.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Janice J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Eng
authors.forename: Tara D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Klassen
authors.forename: Shannon B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Dennis R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Louie
authors.forename: Beena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Parappilly
authors.forename: Brodie M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zbogar
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000842:Ankle / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*