title: Risk of urinary tract infection in infants and children with acute bronchiolitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of urinary tract infection in infants and children with bronchiolitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cross-sectional study involving patients zero to 24 months of age who were hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 835 paediatric patients with acute bronchiolitis were admitted to the paediatric ward between January 2010 and December 2012. The mean (± SD) age at diagnosis was 3.47±2.99 months. There were 325 (39%) girls and 510 (61%) boys. For the purpose of data analysis, the patient population was divided into three groups: group 1 included children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis; group 2 included children hospitalized with clinical bronchiolitis with no virus detected; and group 3 included children hospitalized with clinical bronchiolitis due to a respiratory virus other than RSV. Results revealed that urinary tract infection was present in 10% of patients, and was most common in group 3 (13.4%) followed by group 2 (9.7%), and was least common in group 1 (6%) (P=0.030).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The possibility of a urinary tract infection should be considered in a febrile child with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis, particularly if the trigger is a respiratory virus other than RSV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Academic General Pediatrics Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; ; Weill-Cornell Medical College-Qatar;
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hendaus
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Academic General Pediatrics Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; ; Weill-Cornell Medical College-Qatar;
authors.forename: Ahmed H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Alhammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Academic General Pediatrics Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar;
authors.forename: Mohamed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Khalifa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Academic General Pediatrics Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar;
authors.forename: Eshan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muneer
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Prem
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chandra
keywords: Bronchiolitis; Infection; Urine