title: Operational Evaluation Of Vectomax® WSP (Bacillus thuringiensis Subsp. israelensis+Bacillus sphaericus) Against Larval Culex pipiens in Septic Tanks (1).
abstract: The residual effectiveness of VectoMax® WSP (a water-soluble pouch formulation containing a combination of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strain AM65-52 and B. sphaericus strain ABTS 1743) when applied to septic tanks against 3rd- and 4th-stage larvae of Culex pipiens L. was evaluated in this study. This formulation was evaluated at operational application rates of 1 pouch (10 g) and 2 pouches (20 g) per septic tank. Both application rates resulted in >96% control of larvae for 24 days. Operationally, VectoMax WSP has proven to be a useful tool for the nonchemical control of Culex species in septic tank environments.
authors.affiliation: 2  Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.affiliation: 2  Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oz
authors.affiliation: 2  Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Atila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yanikoglu
authors.affiliation: 3  The Navy Entomology Center of Excellence, PO Box 43, Naval Air Station, Jacksonville, FL 32212.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cilek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000502:physiology*; D003465:Culex / Q000382:microbiology*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid
keywords: B. sphaericus; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis; Culex pipiens; septic tanks; water-soluble pouch formulation