title: Fast and global authenticity screening of honey using ¹H-NMR profiling.
abstract: An innovative analytical approach was developed to tackle the most common adulterations and quality deviations in honey. Using proton-NMR profiling coupled to suitable quantification procedures and statistical models, analytical criteria were defined to check the authenticity of both mono- and multi-floral honey. The reference data set used was a worldwide collection of more than 800 honeys, covering most of the economically significant botanical and geographical origins. Typical plant nectar markers can be used to check monofloral honey labeling. Spectral patterns and natural variability were established for multifloral honeys, and marker signals for sugar syrups were identified by statistical comparison with a commercial dataset of ca. 200 honeys. Although the results are qualitative, spiking experiments have confirmed the ability of the method to detect sugar addition down to 10% levels in favorable cases. Within the same NMR experiments, quantification of glucose, fructose, sucrose and 5-HMF (regulated parameters) was performed. Finally markers showing the onset of fermentation are described.
authors.affiliation: Eurofins Analytics France, Rue Pierre Adolphe Bobierre, B.P. 42301, F-44323 Nantes Cedex 3, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spiteri
authors.affiliation: Eurofins Analytics France, Rue Pierre Adolphe Bobierre, B.P. 42301, F-44323 Nantes Cedex 3, France. Electronic address: ericjamin@eurofins.com.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jamin
authors.affiliation: Eurofins Analytics France, Rue Pierre Adolphe Bobierre, B.P. 42301, F-44323 Nantes Cedex 3, France.
authors.forename: Freddy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Eurofins Analytics France, Rue Pierre Adolphe Bobierre, B.P. 42301, F-44323 Nantes Cedex 3, France.
authors.forename: Agathe
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rebours
authors.affiliation: Eurofins Analytics France, Rue Pierre Adolphe Bobierre, B.P. 42301, F-44323 Nantes Cedex 3, France.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.affiliation: National Isotope Center, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Seaview, P O Box 31 312, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Karyne M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: AgroParisTech, UMR1145 Ingénierie Procédés Aliments, 16, rue Claude Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Douglas N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Rutledge
mesh_terms: D005504:Food Analysis; D005632:Fructose / Q000032:analysis; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D057048:Plant Nectar / Q000737:chemistry; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D057048:Plant Nectar; D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose; D005947:Glucose
keywords: 5-HMF (PubChem CID: 237332); Authenticity; Dihydroxyacetone (PubChem CID: 670); Ethanol (PubChem CID: 702); Fructose (PubChem CID: 5984); Glucose (PubChem CID: 5793); Honey; Methylglyoxal (PubChem CID: 880); Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Quality control; Sucrose (PubChem CID: 5988)