title: Diagnostic value of the UCA1 test for bladder cancer detection: a clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficiency of the UCA1 test as a diagnostic tool for the detection of bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2009 and December 2011 the UCA1 test was performed on collected urine samples from 162 patients divided into screening and follow-up groups, based on the absence or presence of prior bladder cancer. The test performance was then evaluated in each group and compared to cystoscopy and urinary cytology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values for the UCA1 test were 70, 70.7, 75.6 and 64.5%, respectively. We observed no difference in performance for tumours of higher grade or stage, but sensitivity was increased in the screening population compared to patients under follow-up (83.9 vs. 59%). The UCA1 test successfully detected all 7 cases of isolated carcinoma in situ and was more sensitive in this particular setting than cystoscopy or urinary cytology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The efficiency of the UCA1 test for the detection of primary and recurring bladder cancer in our study was lower than previously reported. We confirmed the role of UCA1 as a possible adjunct to cystoscopy and cytology when a primary bladder cancer is suspected, but its role in the follow-up of recurring tumours remains limited. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of the UCA1 test in the early detection of carcinoma in situ lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium ; Department of Pathology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milowich
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Mercier
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De Neve
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Flavienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sandras
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roumeguere
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Image Synthesis and Analysis (LISA), Brussels School of Engineering/École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium ; DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Académie Universitaire Wallonie-Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Decaestecker
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium ; DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Académie Universitaire Wallonie-Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Salmon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium ; DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Académie Universitaire Wallonie-Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rorive
keywords: Biomarker; Bladder cancer; UCA1 RNA, human; Urinary marker; Urothelial carcinoma associated 1