title: Immune Regulation of Interleukin-27 in Malignant Pleural Effusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin (IL)-27 has been reported to have anti-proliferate and anti-angiogenic activities on cancer cells. However, the involvement of IL-27 in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) remains unknown. Thus, in this research, we compared the immune functions of IL-27, interferon (IFN)-γ, and IL-17 on lung cancer cells and revealed the regulatory mechanism of IL-27 in MPE.
  
  
  METHODS
  The distribution of IL-27 in both MPE and blood was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. The expressions of cytokine receptors and the levels of the phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signalings were detected by flow cytometry. As well as the effects of proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and adherent activity of IL-27, IFN-γ, and IL-17 on lung cancer cells were also explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of IL-27 was increased in MPE when compared with blood (147.3 ± 25.1 pg/ml vs. 100.3 ± 13.9 pg/ml, P = 0.04). IL-27 was noted to suppress both proliferation (18.33 ± 0.21 vs. 27.77 ± 0.88, P = 0.0005) and migration (1.82 ± 0.44 vs. 3.13 ± 0.07, P = 0.04) of A549 cells, but obviously promoted apoptosis of A549 cells (9.47 ± 1.14 vs. 4.96 ± 0.17, P = 0.02) by activating STAT1 signaling. Interestingly, IL-27 played totally opposite effects on A549 cells by activating STAT3 pathway. Moreover, IL-27 exerted different intercellular adherent activities of A549 cells to pleural mesothelial cell monolayer by activating different STAT signalings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-27 might exert an important immune regulation on lung cancer cells in human pleural malignant environment.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wen-Jie
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Jian-Chu
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Huan-Zhong
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; C464565:MYDGF protein, human