title: Bone grafting material in combination with Osteogain for bone repair: a rat histomorphometric study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been successfully used for the regeneration of periodontal tissues including new cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Combination of EMD with bone grafting materials has however generated variable clinical results. Recently, we have demonstrated that a new formulation of EMD in a liquid carrier system (Osteogain®) has improved physicochemical properties for the adsorption of EMD to a bone grafting material. The aim of the present study was to investigate the regenerative potential of Osteogain®, in combination with a bone graft, on new bone formation in a rat femur defect model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four critically sized femur defects (3 mm in diameter) were created bilaterally in 27 rats and treated following the group allocation: (1) drilled unfilled control, (2) a natural bone mineral (NBM), and (3) NBM + Osteogain®. All defects were histologically analyzed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgical intervention. Micro-CT analysis, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and Safranin O staining were performed to quantify new bone formation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly more new bone formation was observed in defects treated with NBM + Osteogain® at both 4 and 8 weeks when compared to NBM alone and the control unfilled defects (P < 0.05). Histologically, the formation of more mature mineralized bone with the presence of osteocytes were found more commonly in defects treated with Osteogain® + NBM at 8 weeks post-healing when compared to NBM alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrate that Osteogain® in combination with a bone grafting material improves the speed and quality of new bone formation in rat osseous defects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future clinical research are now warranted to fully characterize the benefits of Osteogain®, a new formulation of enamel matrix proteins delivered in liquid formation when used in combination with a bone grafting material.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. zyf@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buser
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sculean
authors.affiliation: University of Laval, Dental School, Quebec City, Canada.
authors.forename: Fatiha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chandad
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. richard.miron@zmk.unibe.ch.|Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. richard.miron@zmk.unibe.ch.|Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. richard.miron@zmk.unibe.ch.|University of Laval, Dental School, Quebec City, Canada. richard.miron@zmk.unibe.ch.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Miron
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008903:Minerals / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D008903:Minerals; C000621568:Osteogain; C109069:enamel matrix proteins
keywords: BioOss; Bone grafting materials; Emdogain; Enamel matrix derivative (EMD); Natural bone mineral