title: Bupropion Overdose Presenting as Status Epilepticus in an Infant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bupropion is a monocyclic antidepressant in the aminoketone class, structurally related to amphetamines. The Food and Drug Administration withdrew this product from the market in 1986 after seizures were reported in bulimic patients. It was later reintroduced in 1989 when the incidence of seizures was shown to be dose-related in the immediate release preparation. Massive bupropion ingestion has been associated with status epilepticus and cardiogenic shock in adults. Seizures have been reported in children, but not status epilepticus. This report highlights a patient who presented with status epilepticus and developed cardiopulmonary arrest after bupropion ingestion. False-positive amphetamine diagnosis from urine drug screen on presentation was reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  We review the presentation, clinical course, diagnostic studies, and outcome of this patient. We then review the literature regarding bupropion overdose in children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Symptoms of bupropion toxicity and risk for seizures are dose-dependent and fatalities have been reported. Our patient developed status epilepticus and cardiopulmonary arrest and then progressed to have a hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and refractory symptomatic partial seizures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our report highlights the need to keep this medication away from children in order to prevent accidental overdose.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Neuroscience Institute, Memphis Tennessee.
authors.forename: Marianna S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rivas-Coppola
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Neuroscience Institute, Memphis Tennessee.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Neuroscience Institute, Memphis Tennessee.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Neuroscience Institute, Memphis Tennessee. Electronic address: jwheless@uthsc.edu.
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wheless
mesh_terms: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000633:toxicity*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D016642:Bupropion / Q000633:toxicity*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D016642:Bupropion
keywords: bupropion; cardiogenic shock; children; hypotension; status epilepticus; toxicity