title: Baccharis dracunculifolia methanol extract enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic islets of monosodium glutamate induced-obesity model rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity is the main risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Secondary metabolites with biological activities and pharmacological potential have been identified in species of the Baccharis genus that are specifically distributed in the Americas.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the effects of methanol extracts from Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. Asteraceae on metabolic parameters, satiety, and growth in monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced-obesity model rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  MSG was administered to 32 newborn rats (4 mg/g of body weight) once daily for 5 consecutive days. Four experimental groups (control, control + extract, MSG, and MSG + extract) were treated for 30 consecutive days with 400 mg/kg of B. dracunculifolia extract by gavage. Biochemical parameters, antioxidant activity, total extract phenolic content (methanolic, ethanolic, and acetone extractions), and pancreatic islets were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High levels of phenolic compounds were identified in B. dracunculifolia extracts (methanol: 46.2 ± 0.4 mg GAE/L; acetate: 70.5 ± 0.5 mg GAE/L; and ethanol: 30.3 ± 0.21 mg GAE/L); high antioxidant activity was detected in B. dracunculifolia ethanol and methanol extracts. The concentration of serum insulin increased 30% in obese animals treated with extract solutions (1.4-2.0 µU/mL, p < 0.05). Insulin secretion in pancreatic islets was 8.3 mM glucose (58%, p < 0.05) and 16.7 mM (99.5%, p < 0.05) in rats in the MSG + extract and MSG groups, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with B. dracunculifolia extracts protected pancreatic islets and prevented the irreversible cellular damage observed in animals in obesity and diabetes models.
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Biology , Ponta Grossa State University , Ponta Grossa , Paraná , Brazil .
authors.forename: Palloma de A S
authors.initials: Pde A
authors.lastname: Hocayen
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Biology , Ponta Grossa State University , Ponta Grossa , Paraná , Brazil .
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grassiolli
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Biology , Ponta Grossa State University , Ponta Grossa , Paraná , Brazil .
authors.forename: Nayara C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Biology , Ponta Grossa State University , Ponta Grossa , Paraná , Brazil .
authors.forename: Márcia T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Pochapski
authors.affiliation: b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and.
authors.forename: Ricardo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and.
authors.forename: Luiz A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and.
authors.forename: Andre L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Snack
authors.affiliation: b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and.
authors.forename: R Garcia
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.affiliation: c Chemical Department , Federal Technological University of Paraná , Pato Branco , PR , Brazil.
authors.forename: Francini Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Kagimura
authors.affiliation: c Chemical Department , Federal Technological University of Paraná , Pato Branco , PR , Brazil.
authors.forename: Mário A A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: da Cunha
authors.affiliation: b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and.
authors.forename: Carlos R M
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Malfatti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D031175:Baccharis / Q000737:chemistry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012970:Sodium Glutamate; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D012970:Sodium Glutamate; D000432:Methanol
keywords: metabolism; phenolic compounds; β Cells