title: Lack of association of matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter gene polymorphism in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a public health problem. There is an effort to establish the genetic contributions to the development of OSAS. One is matrix metalloproteinases, extracellular matrix degrading enzymes related to systemic inflammation. However, the impact of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) genotypes on the development of OSAS is unknown. Our aim was to determine whether MMP-9 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (MMP-9 -1562C > T) is related to susceptibility to OSAS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 106 patients with a history of sleep apnea and 88 controls without a history of sleep apnea were enrolled in this study. Genotypes were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses after polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotypes and allele frequencies of the MMP-9 -1562C > T SNP was not statistically different between the patient and control groups (p > 0.05). There was a statistical association between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and body mass index (BMI), and also between AHI and neck circumference (p < 0.001). There was no association among the genotypes and AHI, neck circumference, or BMI (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no association between MMP-9 -1562C > T SNP and OSAS. Studies to investigate the role of other polymorphisms and expression of MMP-9 gene will provide more information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, 06490, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: musti4891@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yalcınkaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, 06490, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: selimerbek@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Selim S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Erbek
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, 06490, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: turkoglu_seda@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Seda Turkoglu
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Babakurban
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, 06490, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: elifkupeli@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kupeli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, 06490, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: drserifesavas@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Serife
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bozbas
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, 06570, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ykterzi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yunus K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, 06570, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: feridesahin@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Feride Iffet
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Sahin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003596:Cytosine; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000379:methods; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D012913:Snoring / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D013941:Thymine
chemical_list: D003596:Cytosine; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D013941:Thymine
keywords: Extracellular matrix; Genotype; Inflammation; MMP 9; Polymorphism; Sleep apnea