title: Streptomycin affinity depends on 13 amino acids forming a loop in homology modelled ribosomal S12 protein (rpsL gene) of Lysinibacillus sphaericus DSLS5 associated with marine sponge (Tedania anhelans).
abstract: Streptomycin, an antibiotic used against microbial infections, inhibits the protein synthesis by binding to ribosomal protein S12, encoded by rpsL12 gene, and associated mutations cause streptomycin resistance. A streptomycin resistant, Lysinibacillus sphaericus DSLS5 (MIC >300 µg/mL for streptomycin), was isolated from a marine sponge (Tedania anhelans). The characterisation of rpsL12 gene showed a region having similarity to long terminal repeat sequences of murine lukemia virus which added 13 amino acids for loop formation in RpsL12; in addition, a K56R mutation which corresponds to K43R mutation present in streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli is also present. The RpsL12 protein was modelled and compared with that of Lysinibacillus boronitolerans, Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The modelled proteins docked with streptomycin indicate compound had less affinity. The effect of loop on streptomycin resistance was analysed by constructing three different models of RpsL12 by, (i) removing both loop and mutation, (ii) removing the loop alone while retaining the mutation and (iii) without mutation having loop. The results showed that the presence of loop causes streptomycin resistance (decreases the affinity), and it further enhanced in the presence of mutation at 56th codon. Further study will help in understanding the evolution of streptomycin resistance in organisms.
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamilnadu , India.
authors.forename: Balasubramanian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Suriyanarayanan
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamilnadu , India.
authors.forename: Praveena Pothuraju
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Lakshmi
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamilnadu , India.|b Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Anusandhan Kendra, SASTRA Hub for Research and Innovation (SHRI) , SASTRA University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamilnadu , India.
authors.forename: Ramachandran Sarojini
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Santhosh
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamilnadu , India.
authors.forename: Kandasamy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dhevendaran
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamilnadu , India.
authors.forename: Balakrishnan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Priya
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamilnadu , India.
authors.forename: Shivaani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishna
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001406:Bacillaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D011161:Porifera / Q000382:microbiology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D000091243:Ribosomal Protein S9; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D000091243:Ribosomal Protein S9; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; C000717190:RpsI protein, E coli; C034212:ribosomal protein S12; D013307:Streptomycin
keywords: Keywords; Lysinibacillus sphaericus; ribosome; streptomycin