title: Ultra-trace quantification method for chlordecone in human fluids and tissues.
abstract: Chlordecone is an organochlorine pesticide (OCP) considered as a Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) as it persists in the environment, bio-accumulates through the food web, causes adverse effects to human health and the environment and transports across international boundaries far from its sources. The atypical physico-chemical properties of chlordecone make its inclusion in classical analytical approaches non applicable. The aim of our work was to include chlordecone in a multi organochlorine residue method preventing any degradation during the analytical process and thus allowing quantification at ppt (ngkg(-1) or ngL(-1)) levels for a wide range of OCPs in breast milk, human serum and adipose tissue. After GC-HRMS vs. MS/MS and EI vs. APCI comparisons, the major improvement in terms of sensitivity was found in decreasing the length and film thickness of the gas chromatography column. Thanks to a linear correlation between relative response and quantity of chlordecone injected, LC-(ESI-)-MS/MS was finally preferred. An acetonitrile based gradient optimized on a C30 coreshell HPLC column has led to reaching limits of quantification as low as 8ngL(-1), 25pgmL(-1) and 0.2ngg(-1) fat for breast milk, serum and adipose tissue, respectively, allowing multiresidue OCP quantification at concentration levels compatible with biomonitoring purposes and pre-requisites.
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes F-44307, France. Electronic address: emmanuelle.bichon@oniris-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bichon
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes F-44307, France.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guiffard
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes F-44307, France.
authors.forename: Anaïs
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vénisseau
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes F-44307, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marchand
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes F-44307, France; INRA, Nantes F-44307, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Antignac
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes F-44307, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Le Bizec
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry*; D007631:Chlordecone / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010575:Pesticides; D007631:Chlordecone
keywords: Chlordecone; LC–MS/MS; Multiresidue method; Organochlorine pesticides; Quantification; Ultra-trace