title: Evaluation of a water extract of So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang for acute toxicity and genotoxicity using in vitro and in vivo tests.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang, a traditional Korean medicine, has been used empirically for the treatment of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and colds for hundreds of years. However, its genotoxicity has been rarely examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  We therefore investigated the genotoxicity of an aqueous extract of So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang (SCRT) in two in vitro and one in vivo assays: a bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), a chromosomal aberration assay, and a micronucleus assay, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the bacterial reverse mutation assay, SCRT did not increase revertant colony numbers in Salmonella. typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537) or an Escherichia coli strain (WP2 uvrA) regardless of metabolic activation or the duration of treatment. However, statistically significant differences in the incidence of chromosomal aberrations following SCRT>4000 μg/mL were observed in Chinese hamster lung cells exposed with or without an S9 enzyme and cofactor mixture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest further genotoxic testing of SCRT, such as a comet assay, to ascertain its generally recognized safety.
authors.affiliation: Herbal Medicine Formulation Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, 305-811, South Korea. cozy37@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mee-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Herbal Medicine Formulation Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, 305-811, South Korea. csseo@kiom.re.kr.
authors.forename: Chang-Sebo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Division of Nonclinical Studies, Korea Institute of Toxicology, P.O. Box 123, 19 Sinseongro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, South Korea. jykim@kitox.re.kr.
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Herbal Medicine Formulation Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, 305-811, South Korea. hkshin@kiom.re.kr.
authors.forename: Hyeun-Kyoo
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004249:DNA Damage; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects*; D019684:Magnoliopsida; D055670:Medicine, Korean Traditional; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009154:Mutation; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C090832:sho-seiryu-to