title: Intimate partner violence, consenting to HIV testing and HIV status among Zambian women.
abstract: Sub-Saharan African countries are heavily burdened with HIV, which disproportionately affects women of reproductive age. Extant literature is inconsistent regarding the link between intimate partner violence and HIV. Data from the 2007 Zambian Demographic Health Survey of women aged 15-49 (n = 5014) were analysed. The influence of abuse by a current or former husband on consent to HIV testing and HIV positivity were evaluated. The unadjusted analysis showed a statistically significant association between intimate partner violence and consent to testing for HIV. Stratified analysis showed that there was a statistically significant association between intimate partner violence and HIV testing in rural areas but not in urban areas. However, the association lost its significance when adjusted for confounding factors. No statistically significant association was found between intimate partner violence and HIV-positive status. It is encouraging that women who experienced intimate partner were testing for HIV. Prevention efforts should continue addressing the needs of this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Division of Epidemiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Kara A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Division of Epidemiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Jacquelyn L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ferrance
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Division of Epidemiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA Institute of Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA swmasho@vcu.edu.
authors.forename: Saba W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Masho
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D000066511:Intimate Partner Violence; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012747:Sexual Partners; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult; D015024:Zambia / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: AIDS; HIV; HIV consent; HIV testing; Zambia; intimate partner violence; sub-Saharan Africa; women