title: Sources of aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in urban and rural catchments in Ontario, Canada: Glyphosate or phosphonates in wastewater?
abstract: Correlation analysis suggests that occurrences of AMPA in streams of southern Ontario are linked mainly to glyphosate in both urban and rural settings, rather than to wastewater sources, as some previous studies have suggested. For this analysis the artificial sweetener acesulfame was analyzed as a wastewater indicator in surface water samples collected from urban and rural settings in southern Ontario, Canada. This interpretation is supported by the concurrence of seasonal fluctuations of glyphosate and AMPA concentrations. Herbicide applications in larger urban centres and along major transportation corridors appear to be important sources of glyphosate and AMPA in surface water, in addition to uses of this herbicide in rural and mixed use areas. Fluctuations in concentrations of acesulfame and glyphosate residues were found to be related to hydrologic events.
authors.affiliation: Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Box 5050, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. Electronic address: john.struger@ec.gc.ca.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Struger
authors.affiliation: Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Box 5050, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Van Stempvoort
authors.affiliation: Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Box 5050, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D007555:Isoxazoles; D009864:Ontario; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000032:analysis; D013777:Tetrazoles; D013843:Thiazines / Q000032:analysis; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D007555:Isoxazoles; D063065:Organophosphonates; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013777:Tetrazoles; D013843:Thiazines; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000097797:Glyphosate; C418233:2-amino-3-(3-hydrox-5(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid; C006362:acetosulfame
keywords: AMPA; Acesulfame; Glyphosate; Ontario; Surface waters