title: [THE HUMORAL, NEUROHORMONAL VEGETATIVE AND HYDRAULIC REGULATION OF METABOLISM. THE DISTAL AND PROXIMAL SECTIONS OF ARTERIAL BLOODSTREAM. THE FATTY ACIDS AND METABOLIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION (A LECTURE)].
abstract: The regulation of metabolism formed sequentially in phylogenesis at three levels separately: autocrine level--in cell; in paracrin cell cenosis--structural and functional units of organs; at organism level. The interrelated variants of regulation: humoral; neurohumoral; neurohormonal; vegetative-sympathetic; parasympathetic--conduction of nervous impulse is to be evaluated in consequence of becoming of stages of phylogenesis. The becoming of hydrodynamic regulation is early even. The impact by pressure (blood flow) in paracrin cell cenosis is implemented by local peristaltic pumps in open-ended system of lymph and blood circulation. In closed system of circulation occurred separation of arterial flow on two functional sections. Phylogenetically early distal with regulation of hydrodynamic pressure by arterioles of muscular type in paracrin cell cenosis and compensation of disorders of biological reaction metabolism-micro-circulation (M<-->M). In later proximal section, arteries of elastic type arterial pressure forms heart as a central pump under sympathetic innervation at level of organism from vasomotor center. The physical factor--pressure--became regulator of reaction M <--> M. Increasing of arterial pressure in proximal systemically increases blood pressure in distal and all paracrin cell cenosises compensating alteration of reaction M <--> M. The systemic non-optimal increasing of hydrodynamic pressure invoke negative reaction of organs controlling hydrodynamics in local pools of intercellular medium: kidneys with pool of primary urine; brain with spinal fluid; lungs with pulmonary circulation; placenta with pool of amniotic medium. All of them tend to decrease blood flow in organs. The activation of synthesis of angiotensin-II forms pathologic compensation and their secondary damage as organs-targets. The sympathetic stimulation of heart forces it to work at full capacity. No humoral mediator or internal organ can regulate arterial pressure.
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Titov
authors.lastname: Dmitriev V A
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D062186:Arterial Pressure; D001160:Arterioles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008833:Microcirculation; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D000804:Angiotensin II