title: City as a major source area of fine particulate (PM2.5) in China.
abstract: The PM2.5 concentration in 31% of China's territorial areas was less than 10 μg/m(3), and in 26% of China's territorial areas was higher than 35 μg/m(3). High concentrations of PM2.5 were found in the East China Plain, Sichuan province, and the Taklimakan desert. East China Plain was also found with strong significant positive trends. 73% of artificial surface (L01) was found with significant positive trends, but only 2% with significant negative trends. 76% of cropland (L02) was observed with significant positive trends, but only 2% with significant negative trends. The mean significant trends of PM2.5 concentration were 1.81 μg/m(3)·year for L01 and 1.71 μg/m(3)·year for L02, higher than that for the rest land covers. The PM2.5 pollution brought potential health risk to susceptible population: only 1% of thm lives at a safe level (<10 μg/m(3)), but 69% of them were exposed to heavy PM2.5 pollution (>35 μg/m(3)).
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: ljhan@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Lijian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: wzhou@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Weiqi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Weifeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D014507:Urbanization / Q000639:trends*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Health risk; Land cover; Susceptible population; Urban air quality; Urbanization