title: Association between smoking habits and severity of coronary stenosis as assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography.
abstract: Smoking promotes arteriosclerosis and is one of the most important coronary risk factors. However, few studies have investigated the association between smoking habits and the severity of coronary stenosis as assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). We enrolled 416 patients [165/251 = smoker (past and current)/non-smoker)]. They had all undergone CTA and either were clinically suspected of having coronary artery disease (CAD) or had at least one cardiovascular risk factor. We divided the patients into smoking and non-smoking groups, and evaluated the presence of CAD, the number of significantly stenosed coronary vessels (VD), and the Gensini score as assessed by CTA in the two groups. The incidence of CAD, VD, the Gensini score, and coronary calcification score in the smoking group were all significantly greater than those in the non-smoking group (CAD, p = 0.009; VD, p = 0.003; Gensini score, p = 0.007; coronary calcification score, p = 0.01). Pack-year was significantly associated with VD and the Gensini score, and was strongly associated with multi-vessel disease (2- and 3-VD) (p < 0.05), whereas the duration of cessation in past smokers was not associated with VD or the Gensini score. Pack-year, but not the duration of cessation, may be the most important factor that was associated with the severity of coronary stenosis in terms of VD and the Gensini score.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan. miuras@cis.fukuoka-u.ac.jp.|Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan. miuras@cis.fukuoka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shin-Ichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiga
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyase
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suematsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Norimatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.|Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Keijiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saku
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013997:Time Factors; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Coronary artery disease; Coronary computed tomography angiography; Gensini score; Smoking habits