title: The 482Ser of PPARGC1A and 12Pro of PPARG2 Alleles Are Associated with Reduction of Metabolic Risk Factors Even Obesity in a Mexican-Mestizo Population.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between functional polymorphisms Gly482Ser in PPARGC1A and Pro12Ala in PPARG2 with the presence of obesity and metabolic risk factors. We included 375 individuals characterized as Mexican-Mestizos and classified by the body mass index (BMI). Body dimensions and distribution of body fat were measured. The HOMA-IR and adiposity indexes were calculated. Adipokines and metabolic profile quantification were performed by ELISA and routine methods. Genetic polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. A difference between obese and nonobese subjects in polymorphism PPARGC1A distribution was observed. Among obese individuals, carriers of genotype 482Gly/Gly were observed to have decreased body fat, BMI, and body fat ratio versus 482Ser/Ser carriers and increased resistin and leptin levels in carriers Gly+ phenotype versus Gly- phenotype. Subjects with PPARG2 Ala- phenotype (genotype 12Pro/Pro) showed a decreased HOMA-IR index versus individuals with Ala+ phenotype (genotypes 12Pro/Ala plus 12Ala/Ala). We propose that, in obese Mexican-Mestizos, the combination of alleles 482Ser in PPARGC1A and 12Pro in PPARG2 represents a reduced metabolic risk profile, even when the adiposity indexes are increased.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Civil "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta No. 750, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Del Mercado
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; UDG-CA-701, Grupo de Investigación Inmunometabolismo en Enfermedades Emergentes (GIIEE), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Milton-Omar
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Guzmán-Ornelas
authors.affiliation: Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; UDG-CA-701, Grupo de Investigación Inmunometabolismo en Enfermedades Emergentes (GIIEE), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Fernanda-Isadora
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Corona Meraz
authors.affiliation: Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Avenida General Ramón Corona No. 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, 45201 Zapopan, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Clara-Patricia
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Ríos-Ibarra
authors.affiliation: Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Avenida General Ramón Corona No. 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, 45201 Zapopan, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Eduardo-Alejandro
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Reyes-Serratos
authors.affiliation: UDG-CA-701, Grupo de Investigación Inmunometabolismo en Enfermedades Emergentes (GIIEE), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán 1421, 44430 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; HMIELM, Secretaria de Salud Jalisco, Avenida Constituyentes 1075, Colonia Moderna, 44190 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castro-Albarran
authors.affiliation: UDG-CA-701, Grupo de Investigación Inmunometabolismo en Enfermedades Emergentes (GIIEE), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán 1421, 44430 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sandra-Luz
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ruíz-Quezada
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Musculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; UDG-CA-701, Grupo de Investigación Inmunometabolismo en Enfermedades Emergentes (GIIEE), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Colonia Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico ; HMIELM, Secretaria de Salud Jalisco, Avenida Constituyentes 1075, Colonia Moderna, 44190 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosa-Elena
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Navarro-Hernández
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D008800:Mexico / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D047495:PPAR gamma; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D014157:Transcription Factors