title: Giving samples or "getting checked": measuring conflation of observational biospecimen research and clinical care in Latino communities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Expectations of receiving personal health information as a fringe benefit of biospecimen donation-termed diagnostic misconception-are increasingly documented. We developed an instrument measuring conflation of observational biospecimen-based research and clinical care for use with Latino communities, who may be particularly affected by diagnostic misconception due to limited health care access.
  
  
  METHODS
  The instrument was developed using prior qualitative research, revised through cognitive interviewing and expert review, and field tested in a convenience sample of 150 Latino adults in Eastern Washington State. It was further refined through exploratory factor analysis and validated against existing measures of genetic knowledge and researcher trust.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final instrument demonstrated high internal consistency, evidence of content and construct validity, and no floor and ceiling effects. Individuals who were unemployed, spoke only Spanish, had no health insurance, received health care outside of traditional venues, and had good self-rated health received higher scores, indicating greater conflation of biospecimen-based research and clinical care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ability to systematically measure beliefs related to diagnostic misconception will help facilitate ethically-informed efforts to recruit Latinos into biospecimen-based research studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357660, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. saknerr@uw.edu.|Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., M3-B232, PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. saknerr@uw.edu.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knerr
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357660, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. rceballo@fredhutch.org.|Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., M3-B232, PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. rceballo@fredhutch.org.
authors.forename: Rachel M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ceballos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018070:Biological Specimen Banks; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000941:ethics*; D032882:Comprehension; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D032984:Ethics, Research; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000941:ethics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D055990:Therapeutic Misconception; D035502:Trust; D014861:Washington; D055815:Young Adult