title: Does Gracilis Tendon Harvest During ACL Reconstruction with a Hamstring Autograft Affect Torque of Muscles Responsible for Shin Rotation?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A growing body of evidence indicates that in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with a combined semitendinosus and gracilis (STGR) graft there are large deficits in the internal rotation strength, which has led some authors to recommend harvest of only ST tendon whenever possible. The purpose of this study was to assess the isometric (IT) and peak torque (PT) of the muscles responsible for shin rotation in patients after ACLR with an ST or with an STGR graft.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with an ST graft and 20 patients with a combined STGR graft underwent a 6-month postoperative rehabilitation program after ACLR. At the end of the rehabilitation program, the IT and PT of the muscles responsible for internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the shin were measured. The results were compared to the results of a control group. Additionally, to determine the reliability of the dynamometer for clinical research, a test-retest assessment was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences between the 3 groups of participants. Nevertheless, in the STGR group there was a statistically significant difference between the IT of muscles internally rotating the shin in the involved knee and uninvolved knee at 25° of the internal shin rotation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparison of IT and PT measurements performed after 24 weeks of postoperative rehabilitation generally showed no differences between patients after ACLR with the use of ST graft and patients who received a combination graft consisting of STGR. Nevertheless, there was an influence of GR harvest on internal shin rotation torque at a deep internal rotation angle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, The College of Physiotherapy in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Królikowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, The College of Physiotherapy in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Czamara
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, The College of Physiotherapy in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kentel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D064592:Autografts; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery*; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult