title: [Typical patterns of depressive disorders during outpatient psychotherapy and their prediction].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Are there typical patterns of outpatient psychotherapy among depressed patients? What characterizes patients with different patterns?
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined N= 548 patients with primary depressive disorders using a naturalistic design. Using a latent-state-mixture model and depression measures at baseline, therapy end and 1-year follow-up we found a total of five patterns. Subgroups were compared with respect to sociodemographic and treatment-related variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Responders with moderate depressive symptoms at baseline and responders with severe symptoms at baseline were most common (54% and 25% of the sample, respectively) compared to late responders (9 %), small-response patients (9 %) and recidivists (4 %). Patterns of change were related to symptom intensity at baseline and ratings of perceived helpfulness at the end of treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since psychometric scales better predicted change pattern than sociodemographic characteristics, primary and secondary diagnoses, psychometric assessments and feedback systems could be a useful supplement to traditional quality assurance procedures.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Altmann
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steyer
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steffanowski
authors.forename: Werner W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Wittmann
authors.forename: Friedrich von
authors.initials: Fv
authors.lastname: Heymann
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Auch-Dorsch
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bruckmayer
authors.forename: Irmgard
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pfaffinger
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fembacher
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Strauß
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011594:Psychometrics; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012008:Recurrence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Depression; Latent-State-Mixture Model; Outpatient Psychotherapy; Patterns of Change