title: Fungi Isolated from Maize (Zea mays L.) Grains and Production of Associated Enzyme Activities.
abstract: Filamentous fungi produce a great variety of enzymes, and research on their biotechnological potential has recently intensified. The objective of this work was to identify, at the species level, using DNA barcoding, 46 fungal isolates obtained from maize grains with rot symptoms. We also analyzed the production of extracellular amylases, cellulases, proteases and lipases of 33 of those fungal isolates. The enzymatic activities were evaluated by the formation of a clear halo or a white precipitate around the colonies in defined substrate media. The found fungi belong to the genera Talaromyces, Stenocarpella, Penicillium, Phlebiopsis, Cladosporium, Hyphopichia, Epicoccum, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Irpex, Fusarium, Microdochium, Mucor and Sarocladium. In the genus Fusarium, the species Fusarium verticillioides was predominant and this genus presented the highest diversity, followed by the genera Aspergillus. The best genera for lipase production were Cladosporium and Penicillium; while Cladosporium, Aspergillus and Penicillium were best for cellulase activity; Hyphopichia, Aspergillus and Irpex for amylase activity; and Cladosporium and Sarocladium for proteases activity. In conclusion, a collection of fungi from maize seeds presenting rotten symptoms were obtained, among which exist important producers of hydrolases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil. camilaagneslumiabe@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Camila Agnes Lumi
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil. cbertechini.faria@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carla Bertechini
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil. fausto_fernandes25@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Fausto Fernandes
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil. sandrasouzaa@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Sandra Regina
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil. fabianecristina.santos@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fabiane Cristina
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil. cleiltan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cleiltan Novais
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil. djtessmann@uem.br.
authors.forename: Dauri José
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tessmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil. ipbtessmann@uem.br.
authors.forename: Ione Parra
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Barbosa-Tessmann
mesh_terms: D000688:Amylose / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005658:Fungi / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008066:Lipolysis; D059748:Proteolysis; D012639:Seeds / Q000382:microbiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D002482:Cellulose; D000688:Amylose
keywords: amylase; cellulase; corn; fungi; lipase; protease