title: Effect of Inoculation with Glomus versiforme on Cadmium Accumulation, Antioxidant Activities and Phytochelatins of Solanum photeinocarpum.
abstract: The plant growth, phosphate acquisition, Cd translocation, phytochelatins (PCs) production and antioxidant parameters [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione (GSH), ascorbate (ASA) and malonaldehyde (MDA)] were investigated in Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum photeinocarpum inoculated with Glomus versiforme BGC GD01C (Gv) in Cd-added soils (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg Cd kg-1 soil). Mycorrhizal colonization rates were generally high (from 77% to 94%), and hardly affected by Cd. Gv colonization significantly enhanced P acquisition, growth and total Cd uptakes in both shoots and roots of S. photeinocarpum at all Cd levels. Meanwhile, Gv symbiosis significantly increased Cd concentration in the roots, and decreased Cd concentration in the shoots at all Cd levels, which indicates that Gv could promote phytostabilization by enhancing Cd accumulation in the roots to inhibit its translocation to shoots and the "dilution effects" linked to an increase in plant dry matter yield and a reduced Cd partitioning to shoots. Moreover, the improvement of CAT, POD and APX activities in the leaves of mycorrhizal plants infers that Gv symbiosis helped S. photeinocarpum to relieve oxidative damage to biomolecules in Cd-contaminated soil. The evident decline of MDA content in the leaves of mycorrhizal plants indicates that Gv symbiosis evidently improved antioxidant activities, and the enhancement of PCs production in the leaves of mycorrhizal plants suggests that Gv-inoculated plant may be more efficient to relieve Cd phytotoxicity. Therefore, the possible mechanisms of Cd phytotoxicity alleviation by Gv can be concluded as the decline of Cd concentration in the shoots and the improvement of P acquisition, PCs production and activities of CAT, POD, APX in mycorrhizal plants.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shi-Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qiu-Yun
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu-Tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shao-Shan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Xiao
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Jing
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000502:physiology*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D054811:Phytochelatins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D032322:Solanum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D054811:Phytochelatins; D010088:Oxidoreductases