title: Outcomes of a Tailored Intervention for Cigarette Smoking Cessation Among Latinos Living With HIV/AIDS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tobacco use has emerged as a leading killer among persons living with HIV, with effective approaches to tobacco treatment still unknown. HIV infection is nearly 3 times as prevalent in Latinos than in non-Latino Whites. This study reports the results of a randomized trial comparing a tailored intervention to brief counseling for smoking cessation among Latino smokers living with HIV (LSLWH).
  
  
  METHODS
  LSLWH (N = 302; 36% female, 10% employed full-time, 49% born in United States) were randomized to 4 in-person sessions of a tailored intervention (Aurora) or 2 in-person sessions of brief advice (enhanced standard care [ESC]). Both groups received 8 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) patch. Biochemically validated 6- and 12-month 7-day point-prevalence abstinence (PPA) rates were compared, along with secondary outcomes (e.g., reduction to light smoking, NRT adherence).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven-day PPA rates reached 8% versus 11% at 6 months and 6% versus 7% at 12 months, for Aurora and ESC, respectively, with no between-group differences (p values > .40). Significant changes from baseline to 6 and 12 months among intervention targets were noted (percentage reduction in heavy smoking and dependence; increases in knowledge and self-efficacy). Baseline smoking frequency, older age, and higher intensity of patch use during the trial emerged as significant predictors of abstinence at 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no evidence that the tailored intervention improved cessation rates. Interventions that encourage use of, and adherence to, empirically validated cessation aids require further development to reduce tobacco-related death and disease in this vulnerable population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center/Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, American Legacy Foundation; Westat, Behavioral Health Group; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; CassandraStanton@westat.com.
authors.forename: Cassandra A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stanton
authors.affiliation: Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University;
authors.forename: George D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Papandonatos
authors.affiliation: Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine;
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shuter
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center/Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center;
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bicki
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts;
authors.forename: Elizabeth E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Lloyd-Richardson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Disparities Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center;
authors.forename: Marcel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Dios
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University;
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center/Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center;
authors.forename: Solomon B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Makgoeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University.
authors.forename: Karen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Tashima
authors.affiliation: Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, American Legacy Foundation;
authors.forename: Raymond S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Niaura
mesh_terms: D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000208:ethnology / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States