title: Serum Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Composition and Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Healthy Japanese Residents: The KOBE Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Serum polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition reflects dietary intake and is related to risks for cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that serum n-3 PUFA composition, especially including long-chain n-3 PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is associated with inflammatory status, which is related to increased risk for cardiovascular diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the relationship between serum PUFA composition and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in a cross-sectional study among 1,102 healthy men and women aged 40-74 years who reside in Kobe City. Multiple linear regression models that predict hs-CRP level were prepared to confirm the contribution of serum total n-3 PUFA, long-chain n-3 PUFA, EPA and DHA compositions after adjusting for other PUFAs and atherosclerotic risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum n-3 PUFA, particularly long-chain n-3 PUFA, compositions were inversely associated with the hs-CRP levels. The standardized regression coefficient was -0.089 (p < 0.01) for total n-3 PUFA, -0.091 (p < 0.01) for long-chain n-3 PUFA, -0.071 (p = 0.03) for EPA, and -0.068 (p = 0.04) for DHA. The n-6 PUFA compositions were also inversely associated with the hs-CRP levels (-0.169 [p < 0.01] for total n-6 PUFA and -0.159 [p < 0.01] for linoleic acid).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The serum n-3 PUFA compositions were inversely related with the hs-CRP levels, similar associations were also observed in n-6 PUFA compositions. Our results suggest that dietary PUFA intake was inversely associated with attenuated inflammation in healthy Japanese population.
authors.affiliation: Yoshimi Kubota, Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501 Japan, TEL; +81-798-45-6562 FAX; +81-798-45-6563 E-mail; yo-kubota@hyo-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higashiyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imano
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kadota
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyamatsu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood; D002947:Cities; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006262:Health; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid