title: Identifying classes of conjoint alcohol and marijuana use in entering freshmen.
abstract: The current study identified classes of conjoint marijuana and alcohol use in entering college freshmen using latent profile analysis (N = 772; 53% male, 60% White; Mage = 18). Results yielded 4 distinct groups: Class 1 (moderate drinking with recent marijuana use: 22% of sample), Class 2 (moderate drinking with no recent marijuana use: 25%), Class 3 (light drinking with no recent marijuana use: 40%) and Class 4 (heavy drinking with recent marijuana use: 14%). Separate pairwise contrasts examined cross-class differences in demographics and drinking behaviors, comparing differences in drinking when current marijuana use was controlled (Class 1 vs. 4) and differences in marijuana use when drinking was held relatively constant (Class 1 vs. 2). Among moderate drinkers, recent marijuana users were more likely to drink more than intended, drink to get drunk, and had more problems (including higher rates of blackouts, physical injury, and DUI) relative to peers who refrained from marijuana. No cross-class differences were found for alcohol expectancies or behavioral motives. Findings from these analyses show the presence of distinct groups of conjoint users with different drinking behaviors and consequence profiles, and suggest that conjoint alcohol-marijuana use may be more problematic overall than single substance involvement and highlight the need for developing campus prevention and intervention programs that address the increased risk from polysubstance involvement.
authors.affiliation: Palo Alto University.
authors.forename: Amie L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.affiliation: Palo Alto University.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wickham
authors.affiliation: Palo Alto University.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Macia
authors.affiliation: Palo Alto University.
authors.forename: Micah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.affiliation: Palo Alto University.
authors.forename: Rayna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Macher
authors.affiliation: Palo Alto University.
authors.forename: Tilman
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schulte
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000067292:Alcohol Drinking in College; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002965:Classification; D015331:Cohort Studies; D065822:College Fraternities and Sororities; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009042:Motivation; D010379:Peer Group; D012306:Risk; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult