title: Assessment of Fecal Microflora Changes in Pigs Supplemented with Herbal Residue and Prebiotic.
abstract: Antibiotic usage in animals as a growth promoter is considered as public health issue due to its negative impact on consumer health and environment. The present study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of herbal residue (ginger, Zingiber officinale, dried rhizome powder) and prebiotic (inulin) as an alternative to antibiotics by comparing fecal microflora composition using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. The grower pigs were offered feed containing antibiotic (tetracycline), ginger and inulin separately and un-supplemented group served as control. The study revealed significant changes in the microbial abundance based on operational taxonomic units (OTUs) among the groups. Presumptive identification of organisms was established based on the fragment length of OTUs generated with three restriction enzymes (MspI, Sau3AI and BsuRI). The abundance of OTUs representing Bacteroides intestinalis, Eubacterium oxidoreducens, Selonomonas sp., Methylobacterium sp. and Denitrobacter sp. was found significantly greater in inulin supplemented pigs. Similarly, the abundance of OTUs representing Bacteroides intestinalis, Selonomonas sp., and Phascolarcobacterium faecium was found significantly greater in ginger supplemented pigs. In contrast, the abundance of OTUs representing pathogenic microorganisms Atopostipes suicloacalis and Bartonella quintana str. Toulouse was significantly reduced in ginger and inulin supplemented pigs. The OTUs were found to be clustered under two major phylotypes; ginger-inulin and control-tetracycline. Additionally, the abundance of OTUs was similar in ginger and inulin supplemented pigs. The results suggest the potential of ginger and prebioticsto replace antibiotics in the diet of grower pig.
authors.affiliation: Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560030, India.
authors.forename: Ashis Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Samanta
authors.affiliation: Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560030, India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jayaram
authors.affiliation: Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560030, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jayapal
authors.affiliation: Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560030, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sondhi
authors.affiliation: Omics Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560030, India.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kolte
authors.affiliation: Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560030, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Senani
authors.affiliation: Fermentation Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560030, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sridhar
authors.affiliation: Omics Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560030, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dhali
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry; D007444:Inulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D056692:Prebiotics; D007444:Inulin; D013752:Tetracycline