title: Enlarging cystic lymphangioma of the mediastinum in an adult: is this a neoplastic lesion related to the recently discovered PIK3CA mutation?
abstract: Cystic lymphangioma, a lymphatic system malformation, is usually observed in infants and children and is rarely found in adults. It most commonly occurs in the cervicofacial region, followed by the axilla. Mediastinal cystic lymphangioma is rare, accounting for 1.8% of all mediastinal cysts. Herein, we present an exceedingly rare adult case of mediastinal cystic lymphangioma that had increased in size over a 5-year period. Although fluid collection might be an alternative explanation for this increase in size, this lymphangioma might harbor a neoplastic nature related to the recently discovered PIK3CA mutation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Surgery, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takanashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008202:Lymphangioma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human
keywords: Cystic lymphangioma; PIK3CA; adult; mediastinum