title: VEGF and Ki-67 Overexpression in Predicting Poor Overall Survival in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential prognostic factors in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 68 patients who underwent curative surgery and had available tissue were enrolled in this study. Their medical records and pathologic slides were reviewed and immunohistochemistry for basic fibroblast growth factor, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 2, FGFR3, c-kit, Myb proto-oncogene protein, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Ki-67 was performed. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed for determination of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analyses, primary site of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus (p=0.022) and Ki-67 expression of more than 7% (p=0.001) were statistically significant factors for poor DFS. Regarding OS, perineural invasion (p=0.032), high expression of VEGF (p=0.033), and high expression of Ki-67 (p=0.007) were poor prognostic factors. In multivariate analyses, primary site of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus (p=0.028) and high expression of Ki-67 (p=0.004) were independent risk factors for poor DFS, and high expression of VEGF (p=0.011) and Ki-67 (p=0.011) showed independent association with poor OS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High expression of VEGF and Ki-67 were independent poor prognostic factors for OS in ACC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seongyeol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|The Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Bhumsuk
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keam
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Min
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: J Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hah
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tack-Kyun
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Wan
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Whun
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Seog
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yung-Jue
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Bang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D015996:Survival Rate; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: Adenoid cystic carcinoma; Immunohistochemistry; Ki-67; Prognosis; Vascular endothelial growth factor