title: A Methoxydiphenylamine-Substituted Carbazole Twin Derivative: An Efficient Hole-Transporting Material for Perovskite Solar Cells.
abstract: The small-molecule-based hole-transporting material methoxydiphenylamine-substituted carbazole was synthesized and incorporated into a CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell, which displayed a power conversion efficiency of 16.91%, the second highest conversion efficiency after that of Spiro-OMeTAD. The investigated hole-transporting material was synthesized in two steps from commercially available and relatively inexpensive starting reagents. Various electro-optical measurements (UV/Vis, IV, thin-film conductivity, hole mobility, DSC, TGA, ionization potential) have been carried out to characterize the new hole-transporting material.
authors.affiliation: Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials and Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland).
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gratia
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas (Lithuania).
authors.forename: Artiom
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magomedov
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas (Lithuania).
authors.forename: Tadas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Malinauskas
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas (Lithuania).
authors.forename: Maryte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daskeviciene
authors.affiliation: Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials and Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland).
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abate
authors.affiliation: Department Abengoa Research, C/Energía Solar no1, Campus Palmas Altas, 41014 Sevilla (Spain).
authors.forename: Shahzada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials and Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland).
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grätzel
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas (Lithuania). vytautas.getautis@ktu.lt.
authors.forename: Vytautas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Getautis
authors.affiliation: Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials and Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland). mdkhaja.nazeeruddin@epfl.ch.|Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (Saudi Arabia). mdkhaja.nazeeruddin@epfl.ch.
authors.forename: Mohammad Khaja
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Nazeeruddin
keywords: carbyazoles; organic hole transporters; perovskite solar cells; power conversion efficiency; thin-layer conductivity