title: Review on the Applications and Molecular Mechanisms of Xihuang Pill in Tumor Treatment.
abstract: Xihuang pill (XH) is a complementary and alternative medicine that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of tumors since the 18th century. XH has clinical effects on non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, and bone metastasis. XH can also inhibit the growth of tumor cells and cancer stem cells, prevent tumor invasion and angiogenesis, and regulate the tumor microenvironment. XH is composed of Ru Xiang (olibanum), Mo Yao (Commiphora myrrha), She Xiang (Moschus), and Niu Huang (Calculus bovis). Some of the compounds found in these ingredients exert multiple antitumor effects and may synergize with the other ingredients. We aimed to summarize the clinical applications and molecular mechanisms of XH and its chemical composition. This review will provide potential new strategies and alternative perspectives for tumor treatments and basic research into complementary and alternative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China ; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Qiujun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2, Chongwenmennei Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China ; Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 3 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Jinyin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China ; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China ; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yebo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China ; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Shulin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China ; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Xinyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Baojin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Conghuang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Honggang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Yanju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao