title: The long-term effect of a population-based life-style intervention on smoking and alcohol consumption. The Inter99 Study--a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether improvements in smoking and alcohol consumption throughout the 5-year course of a population-based multi-factorial life-style intervention were sustained 5 years after its discontinuation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 9415 people aged 30-60 years were randomized to an intervention group (n = 6091) and an assessment-only control group (n = 3324).
  
  
  METHODS
  All participants in the intervention group received screening, risk assessment and individual life-style counselling; participants at high risk of ischaemic heart disease-according to pre-specified criteria-were also offered group-based counselling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reported point abstinence from smoking as well as changes in the average alcohol consumption per week and binge drinking in the past week from baseline to 10-year follow-up were investigated using random-effects modelling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 10-year follow up, people in the intervention group reported a higher smoking abstinence rate [odds ratio (OR) = 1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-3.33, P = 0.043] and a greater reduction in binge drinking (net change = -0.08 days with binge drinking in the last week, 95% CI = -0.16 to -0.01, P = 0.028) than in the control group. There were no detectable long-term intervention effects on the average alcohol consumption per week.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A population-based multi-factorial life-style intervention of 5 years' duration in Denmark had sustained beneficial effects on smoking abstinence and binge drinking 5 years after its discontinuation.
authors.affiliation: University Medicine Greifswald, Institute of Social Medicine and Prevention, Greifswald, Germany.|Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Building 84/85, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Building 84/85, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Toft
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Building 84/85, Glostrup, Denmark.|Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aadahl
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Building 84/85, Glostrup, Denmark.|Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Torben
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Building 84/85, Glostrup, Denmark.|Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Charlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pisinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D063425:Binge Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D003376:Counseling; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group; D018570:Risk Assessment; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000628:therapy; D000074606:Smoking Prevention
keywords: Inter99; life-style intervention; maintenance; multi-behaviour; population level