title: Orbital Causes of Incomitant Strabismus.
abstract: Strabismus may result from abnormal innervation, structure, or function of the extraocular muscles. Abnormalities of the orbital bones or masses within the orbit may also cause strabismus due to indirect effects on the extraocular muscles. This paper reviews some disorders of the orbit that are associated with strabismus, including craniofacial malformations, orbital masses, trauma, and anomalous orbital structures.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Gregg T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Lueder
mesh_terms: D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D015840:Oculomotor Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries*; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D013285:Strabismus / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Extraocular muscles; Orbit; Strabismus