title: Cell substrates for the production of viral vaccines.
abstract: Vaccines have been used for centuries to protect people and animals against infectious diseases. For vaccine production, it has become evident that cell culture technology can be considered as a key milestone and has been the result of decades of progress. The development and implementation of cell substrates have permitted massive and safe production of viral vaccines. The demand in new vaccines against emerging viral diseases, the increasing vaccine production volumes, and the stringent safety rules for manufacturing have made cell substrates mandatory viral vaccine producer factories. In this review, we focus on cell substrates for the production of vaccines against human viral diseases. Depending on the nature of the vaccine, choice of the cell substrate is critical. Each manufacturer intending to develop a new vaccine candidate should assess several cell substrates during the early development phase in order to select the most convenient for the application. First, as vaccine safety is quite naturally a central concern of Regulatory Agencies, the cell substrate has to answer the regulatory rules stringency. In addition, the cell substrate has to be competitive in terms of viral-specific production yields and manufacturing costs. No cell substrate, even the so-called "designer" cell lines, is able to fulfil all the requested criteria for all viral vaccines. Therefore, the availability of a variety of cell substrates for vaccine production is essential because it improves the chance to successfully respond to the current and future needs of vaccines linked to new emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases (e.g. pandemic flu, Ebola, and Chikungunya outbreaks).
authors.affiliation: Vaccines Research & Discovery Department, Valneva SE, 6 rue Alain Bombard, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France. Electronic address: francoise.aubrit@valneva.com.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aubrit
authors.affiliation: Vaccines Research & Discovery Department, Valneva SE, 6 rue Alain Bombard, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France. Electronic address: fabien.perugi@valneva.com.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perugi
authors.affiliation: Vaccines Research & Discovery Department, Valneva SE, 6 rue Alain Bombard, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France. Electronic address: arnaud.leon@valneva.com.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Léon
authors.affiliation: Vaccines Research & Discovery Department, Valneva SE, 6 rue Alain Bombard, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France. Electronic address: fabienne.guehenneux@valneva.com.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guéhenneux
authors.affiliation: Vaccines Research & Discovery Department, Valneva SE, 6 rue Alain Bombard, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France. Electronic address: championarnaud@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Champion-Arnaud
authors.affiliation: Vaccines Research & Discovery Department, Valneva SE, 6 rue Alain Bombard, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France. Electronic address: mehdi.lahmar@valneva.com.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lahmar
authors.affiliation: Vaccines Research & Discovery Department, Valneva SE, 6 rue Alain Bombard, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France. Electronic address: klaus.schwamborn@valneva.com.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwamborn
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: Cell substrate; Manufacturing process; Regulatory requirements; Vaccine production