title: Analysis of cardiomyocyte movement in the developing murine heart.
abstract: The precise assemblage of several types of cardiac precursors controls heart organogenesis. The cardiac precursors show dynamic movement during early development and then form the complicated heart structure. However, cardiomyocyte movements inside the newly organized mammalian heart remain unclear. We previously established the method of ex vivo time-lapse imaging of the murine heart to study cardiomyocyte behavior by using the Fucci (fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator) system, which can effectively label individual G1, S/G2/M, and G1/S-transition phase nuclei in living cardiomyocytes as red, green, and yellow, respectively. Global analysis of gene expression in Fucci green positive ventricular cardiomyocytes confirmed that cell cycle regulatory genes expressed in G1/S, S, G2/M, and M phase transitions were upregulated. Interestingly, pathway analysis revealed that many genes related to the cell cycle were significantly upregulated in the Fucci green positive ventricular cardiomyocytes, while only a small number of genes related to cell motility were upregulated. Time-lapse imaging showed that murine proliferating cardiomyocytes did not exhibit dynamic movement inside the heart, but stayed on site after entering the cell cycle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisayuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: yuasa@a8.keio.jp.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shugo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tohyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Egashira
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nozomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayashiji
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumiyuki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kusumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kunitomi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Gakuto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yozu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimojima
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Chikaaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Motoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muraoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Life Function and Dynamics, ERATO, JST, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Cell Function and Dynamics, Advanced Technology Development Group, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakaue-Sawano
authors.affiliation: Life Function and Dynamics, ERATO, JST, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Cell Function and Dynamics, Advanced Technology Development Group, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyawaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000235:genetics; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006321:Heart / Q000254:growth & development; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011247:Pregnancy
keywords: Cardiomyocyte; Cell cycle; Development; Imaging; Migration