title: Asymbiotic in vitro seed propagation of Dendrobium.
abstract: The ability to germinate orchids from seeds in vitro presents a useful and viable method for the propagation of valuable germplasm, maintaining the genetic heterogeneity inherent in seeds. Given the ornamental and medicinal importance of many species within the genus Dendrobium, this review explores in vitro techniques for their asymbiotic seed germination. The influence of abiotic factors (such as temperature and light), methods of sterilization, composition of basal media, and supplementation with organic additives and plant growth regulators are discussed in context to achieve successful seed germination, protocorm formation, and further seedling growth and development. This review provides both a basis for the selection of optimal conditions, and a platform for the discovery of better ones, that would allow the development of new protocols and the exploration of new hypotheses for germination and conservation of Dendrobium seeds and seedlings.
authors.affiliation: , P. O. Box 7, Miki-cho Post Office, 3011-2, Ikenobe, Kagawa, 761-0799, Japan. jaimetex@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Teixeira da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-12, 119234, Moscow, Russia. tsavkelova@mail.ru.
authors.forename: Elena A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Tsavkelova
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. b021770@mailserv.cuhk.edu.hk.|Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China. b021770@mailserv.cuhk.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Tzi Bun
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India. thibhan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parthibhan
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 12, 4400, Nyíregyháza, Hungary. dobranszki@freemail.hu.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dobránszki
authors.affiliation: Department of Rural Development, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, UFSCar, Via Anhanguera, km 174, CP 153, CEP 13.600-970, Araras City, Brazil. jeancardosoctv@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jean Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India. mvrao_456@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China. zengsongjun@scib.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Songjun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D031667:Dendrobium / Q000502:physiology*; D018525:Germination / Q000502:physiology; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology; D012639:Seeds / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Asymbiotic seed germination; Dendrobium propagation; Explant age; Lighting conditions; Orchidaceae; Organic and inorganic media components