title: Neuroprotective Effect of Brassica oleracea Sprouts Crude Juice in a Cellular Model of Alzheimer's Disease.
abstract: β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ) aberrant production and aggregation are major factors implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), causing neuronal death via oxidative stress. Several studies have highlighted the importance of polyphenolic antioxidant compounds in the treatment of AD, but complex food matrices, characterized by a different relative content of these phytochemicals, have been neglected. In the present study, we analyzed the protective effect on SH-SY5Y cells treated with the fragment Aβ 25-35 by two crude juices of broccoli sprouts containing different amounts of phenolic compounds as a result of different growth conditions. Both juices protected against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and apoptotic cell death as evidenced by cell viability, nuclear chromatin condensation, and apoptotic body formation measurements. These effects were mediated by the modulation of the mitochondrial function and of the HSP70 gene transcription and expression. Furthermore, the juices upregulated the intracellular glutathione content and mRNA levels or activity of antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1, thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and
  quinone oxidoreductase 1 via activation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Although the effects of the two juices were similar, the juice enriched in phenolic compounds showed a greater efficacy in inducing the activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masci
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mattioli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Costantino
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Agricultural Research Council (CRA), Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baima
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Agricultural Research Council (CRA), Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Pasqualina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Punzi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Molecular Medicine and Nanobiotechnologies, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Donini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: d'Erme
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mosca
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000633:toxicity; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D013454:Sulfoxides; C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35); D013879:Thioredoxins; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C447479:NQO1 protein, human; C016766:sulforaphane; D005978:Glutathione