title: Glaciimonas alpina sp. nov. isolated from alpine glaciers and reclassification of Glaciimonas immobilis Cr9-12 as the type strain of Glaciimonas alpina sp. nov.
abstract: Psychrophilic bacterial strains were isolated from alpine glaciers in Switzerland and characterized taxonomically. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of partial 16S rRNA and rpoB genes, three of those strains, strain 79 ( = CCOS 247), strain 4/58 ( = CCOS 250) and strain 4/56 ( = CCOS 258) clustered together with strain Cr9-12T and separately from the type strains Glaciimonas immobilis Cr9-30T and Glaciimonas singularis LMG 27070T. Strain Cr9-12T has been previously described as a strain of G. immobilis. The three newly isolated strains were compared phenotypically with strain Cr9-12T and with the type strains of the species G. immobilis and G. singularis. Cr9-12T and the three novel strains from an alpine glacier in Switzerland were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped and psychrophilic and showed good growth throughout a temperature range of 1-20 °C and characteristically oxidized d-mannitol, l-fucose and bromosuccinic acid. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain Cr9-12T and the three novel strains were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. The respiratory quinone of these strains was ubiquinone 8 (UQ-8). The genomic DNA G+C content of Cr9-12T was 49.2 mol%. The combined data from phenotypic, phylogenetic and DNA-DNA relatedness studies strongly support the reclassification of strain Cr9-12T as representing a novel species. This strain and the isolates 79 ( = CCOS 247), 4/58 ( = CCOS 250) and 4/56 ( = CCOS 258) are representatives of a novel species of the genus Glaciimonas, for which the name Glaciimonas alpina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Glaciimonas alpina is Cr9-12T ( = CCOS 761T = DSM 22814T).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Life Sciences & Facility Management, 8820 Waedenswil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frasson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Life Sciences & Facility Management, 8820 Waedenswil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Matije
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Udovičić
authors.affiliation: Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.affiliation: Institute of Metagenomics and Microbial Technologies, Trata XIV/3, SI-1330 Kočevje, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lapanje
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071, Qingdao, PR China.
authors.forename: De-Chao
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Margesin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Life Sciences & Facility Management, 8820 Waedenswil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sievers
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D046448:Ice Cover / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D042802:Oxalobacteraceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013557:Switzerland; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014451:Ubiquinone; C030778:ubiquinone 8