title: Impact of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, 2004 to 2014.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) was established in 2004 to facilitate the development of effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) by validating biomarkers for AD clinical trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched for ADNI publications using established methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ADNI has (1) developed standardized biomarkers for use in clinical trial subject selection and as surrogate outcome measures; (2) standardized protocols for use across multiple centers; (3) initiated worldwide ADNI; (4) inspired initiatives investigating traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder in military populations, and depression, respectively, as an AD risk factor; (5) acted as a data-sharing model; (6) generated data used in over 600 publications, leading to the identification of novel AD risk alleles, and an understanding of the relationship between biomarkers and AD progression; and (7) inspired other public-private partnerships developing biomarkers for Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADNI has made myriad impacts in its first decade. A competitive renewal of the project in 2015 would see the use of newly developed tau imaging ligands, and the continued development of recruitment strategies and outcome measures for clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: michael.weiner@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Dallas P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Veitch
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, University of California- San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Aisen
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Laurel A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Beckett
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Nigel J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Cairns
authors.affiliation: Neurology Early Clinical Development, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cedarbaum
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Donohue
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Clifford R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jack
authors.affiliation: Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and the School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jagust
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Saykin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.affiliation: Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Marina Del Rey, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroimaging, Institute of Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Arthur W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Toga
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Core Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Udall Parkinson's Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: John Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Trojanowski
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016206:Databases, Bibliographic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: AD biomarker signature; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid phenotyping; Clinical trial biomarkers; Data-sharing; Tau imaging; Worldwide ADNI