title: AF-DHNN: Fuzzy Clustering and Inference-Based Node Fault Diagnosis Method for Fire Detection.
abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been utilized for node fault diagnosis in the fire detection field since the 1990s. However, the traditional methods have some problems, including complicated system structures, intensive computation needs, unsteady data detection and local minimum values. In this paper, a new diagnosis mechanism for WSN nodes is proposed, which is based on fuzzy theory and an Adaptive Fuzzy Discrete Hopfield Neural Network (AF-DHNN). First, the original status of each sensor over time is obtained with two features. One is the root mean square of the filtered signal (FRMS), the other is the normalized summation of the positive amplitudes of the difference spectrum between the measured signal and the healthy one (NSDS). Secondly, distributed fuzzy inference is introduced. The evident abnormal nodes' status is pre-alarmed to save time. Thirdly, according to the dimensions of the diagnostic data, an adaptive diagnostic status system is established with a Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm (FCMA) and Sorting and Classification Algorithm to reducing the complexity of the fault determination. Fourthly, a Discrete Hopfield Neural Network (DHNN) with iterations is improved with the optimization of the sensors' detected status information and standard diagnostic levels, with which the associative memory is achieved, and the search efficiency is improved. The experimental results show that the AF-DHNN method can diagnose abnormal WSN node faults promptly and effectively, which improves the WSN reliability.
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. Shanye2006@163.com.|Fire Brigade of Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China. Shanye2006@163.com.|Guangxi Experiment Center of Information Science, Guilin 541004, China. Shanye2006@163.com.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Management, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China. CuiWen0911@163.com.|Nankai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300102, China. CuiWen0911@163.com.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. Zgjin@tju.edu.cn.|Guangxi Experiment Center of Information Science, Guilin 541004, China. Zgjin@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. hellohiten@126.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: Discrete Hopfield Neural Network; adaptive; fire detection; fuzzy C-means algorithm; fuzzy inference; node fault diagnosis method; wireless sensor networks