title: The Use of D-Optimal Mixture Design in Optimizing Development of Okara Tablet Formulation as a Dietary Supplement.
abstract: The usage of soy is increasing year by year. It increases the problem of financial crisis due to the limited sources of soybeans. Therefore, production of oral tablets containing the nutritious leftover of soymilk production, called okara, as the main ingredient was investigated. The okara tablets were produced using the direct compression method. The percentage of okara, guar gum, microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH-101), and maltodextrin influenced tablets' hardness and friability which are analyzed using a D-optimal mixture design. Composition of Avicel PH-101 had positive effects for both hardness and friability tests of the tablets. Maltodextrin and okara composition had a significant positive effect on tablets' hardness, but not on percentage of friability of tablets. However, guar gum had a negative effect on both physical tests. The optimum tablet formulation was obtained: 47.0% of okara, 2.0% of guar gum, 35.0% of Avicel PH-101, and 14.0% of maltodextrin.
authors.affiliation: Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nur Izzati Mohamad
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Zen
authors.affiliation: Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia ; Centre of Foundation Studies for Agriculture Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia ; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siti Salwa
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Abd Gani
authors.affiliation: Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rosnah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shamsudin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza Fard
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Masoumi
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D045730:Soy Foods; D013607:Tablets / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013607:Tablets; C412882:okara, Glycine max