title: Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from China, India and the US using simple sequence repeat markers.
abstract: Cultivated peanut is grown worldwide as rich-source of oil and protein. A broad genetic base is needed for cultivar improvement. The objectives of this study were to develop highly informative simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from different breeding programs in China, India and the US. A total of 111 SSR markers were selected for this study, resulting in a total of 472 alleles. The mean values of gene diversity and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 0.480 and 0.429, respectively. Country-wise analysis revealed that alleles per locus in three countries were similar. The mean gene diversity in the US, China and India was 0.363, 0.489 and 0.47 with an average PIC of 0.323, 0.43 and 0.412, respectively. Genetic analysis using the STRUCTURE divided these peanut lines into two populations (P1, P2), which was consistent with the dendrogram based on genetic distance (G1, G2) and the clustering of principal component analysis. The groupings were related to peanut market types and the geographic origin with a few admixtures. The results could be used by breeding programs to assess the genetic diversity of breeding materials to broaden the genetic base and for molecular genetics studies.
authors.affiliation: Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, College of Plant Protection, Fuzhou, 350002, China.|Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31794, USA.|USDA-ARS, Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, Tifton, GA, 31794, USA.|Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, 266100, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31794, USA.|International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502324, India.
authors.forename: Pawan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khera
authors.affiliation: Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Cash Crops Research Institute, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
authors.forename: Bingyan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, 266100, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katam
authors.affiliation: Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, College of Crop Science, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
authors.forename: Weijian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA, 31794, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harris-Shultz
authors.affiliation: AgResearch Consultants, Shingler Little River Road, Sumner, GA, 31789, USA.
authors.forename: Kim M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31794, USA.
authors.forename: Albert K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Culbreath
authors.affiliation: Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Cash Crops Research Institute, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
authors.forename: Xinyou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502324, India.
authors.forename: Rajeev K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Varshney
authors.affiliation: Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, College of Plant Protection, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
authors.forename: Lianhui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, Tifton, GA, 31794, USA.
authors.forename: Baozhu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D010367:Arachis / Q000235:genetics*; D001947:Breeding; D002681:China; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D007194:India; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers
keywords: Arachis hypogaea; breeding; genetic diversity; population structure; simple sequence repeat