title: Autophagy and the Kidney: Implications for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Therapy.
abstract: Autophagy, an evolutionary conserved intracellular lysosome-dependent catabolic process, is an important mechanism for cellular homeostasis and survival during pathologic stress conditions in the kidney, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, stimulation of autophagy has been described to both improve and exacerbate IRI in the kidney. We summarize the current understanding of autophagy in renal IRI and discuss possible reasons for these contradictory findings. Furthermore, we hypothesize that autophagy plays a dual role in renal IRI, having both protective and detrimental properties, depending on the duration of the ischemic period and the phase of the IRI process. Finally, we discuss the influence of currently used diuretics and immunosuppressive drugs on autophagy, underscoring the need to clarify the puzzling role of autophagy in renal IRI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: jeanpaul.decuypere@med.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Decuypere
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Laurens J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ceulemans
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Cell Death Research and Therapy, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agostinis
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Diethard
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monbaliu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Nephrology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naesens
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pirenne
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jochmans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D051381:Rats; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: Autophagy; acute kidney injury (AKI); animal model; cell death; delayed graft function; immunosuppression; ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI); kidney transplantation; macroautophagy; renal IRI; review; stress response