title: Effect of social mobility in family financial situation and housing tenure on mental health conditions among South Australian adults: results from a population health surveillance system, 2009 to 2011.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the association of socioeconomic position (SEP), measured by family financial situation and housing tenure in childhood and adulthood, with mental health conditions in adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Representative cross-sectional population data were collected using a risk factor surveillance system in South Australia, Australia. Each month, a random sample were selected from the Electronic White Pages. Participants aged 25 years and above (n = 10429) were asked about doctor diagnosed anxiety, stress or depression, suicidal ideation, psychological distress, demographic and socioeconomic factors using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI). Social mobility measures were derived from housing status and perceived financial situation during adulthood and at 10 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of psychological distress was 8.1 %, current diagnosed mental health condition was 14.8 % and suicidal ideation was 4.3 %. Upward mobility in family financial situation and housing tenure was experienced by 28.6 % and 19.3 %, of respondents respectively. Downward mobility was experienced by 9.4 % for housing tenure and 11.3 % for family financial situation. In the multivariable analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, childhood family structure and adult education, downward social mobility and stable low SEP (both childhood and adulthood), in terms of both housing tenure and financial situation, were positively associated with all three mental health conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  People with low SEP in adulthood had poor mental health outcomes regardless of their socioeconomic circumstances in childhood. Policies to improve SEP have the potential to reduce mental health conditions in the population.
authors.affiliation: Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, SAHMRI, Level 7, North Terrace, 5005, Adelaide, Australia. eleonora.dalgrande@adelaide.edu.au.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dal Grande
authors.affiliation: School of Population Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. catherine.chittleborough@adelaide.edu.au.
authors.forename: Catherine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Chittleborough
authors.affiliation: Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, SAHMRI, Level 7, North Terrace, 5005, Adelaide, Australia. jing.wu@adelaide.edu.au.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, SAHMRI, Level 7, North Terrace, 5005, Adelaide, Australia. zumin.shi@adelaide.edu.au.
authors.forename: Zumin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. robert.goldney@adelaide.edu.au.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Goldney
authors.affiliation: Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, SAHMRI, Level 7, North Terrace, 5005, Adelaide, Australia. anne.taylor@adelaide.edu.au.
authors.forename: Anne W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006078:Government Programs; D006798:Housing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D008603:Mental Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013021:South Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology; D059020:Suicidal Ideation