title: Differential patterns of blood oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex between patients with methamphetamine-induced psychosis and schizophrenia.
abstract: Despite some slight differences in symptomatology, differential diagnosis of methamphetamine-induced psychosis (MAP) versus schizophrenia can be challenging because both disorders present a large overlap in their clinical symptoms. However, a recent study has shown that near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) performed during a cognitive task can be a powerful tool to differentiate between these two disorders. Here, we evaluated verbal fluency task performance during NIRS in 15 patients diagnosed with MAP and 19 with schizophrenia matched for age and sex. We used prefrontal probes and a 24-channel NIRS machine to measure the relative concentrations of oxyhaemoglobin every 0.1 s during the task. For each patient, the neurocognitive function and clinical psychopathology were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Oxyhaemoglobin changes in the prefrontal cortex were significantly higher in the MAP group compared to those in the schizophrenia group, particularly in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In contrast, we found no significant difference in PANSS and BACS scores. Our findings suggest that NIRS measurement could be applied to differentiate patients with MAP from those with schizophrenia, even in cases where clinical symptoms are similar.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamuro
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makinodan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Sohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsubasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toritsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiwamu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takebayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishihata
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Toyosaku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Junzo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013060:Speech
chemical_list: D008694:Methamphetamine; D010100:Oxygen