title: The effect of Piper laetispicum extract (EAE-P) during chronic unpredictable mild stress based on interrelationship of inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis cytokines and neurotrophin in the hippocampus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Piper laetispicum C.DC. (Piperaceae) is a traditionally used herb in China for invigorating circulation and reducing stasis, detumescence and analgesia, which is distributed in the southern part of China and the southeastern part of Asia. Previous studies demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract (EAE-P) of P. laetispicum possesses a significant antidepressant-like effect at doses higher than 60 mg/kg in Kunming (KM) mice, and this effect was not due to an increase in locomotive activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  To research this mechanism, in the present study, the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model in Sprague-Dawley rats was used to further elucidate behavioral changes and corresponding changes in inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), apoptosis cytokines (P53, Bax, Bcl2, caspase-3) and neurotrophin (BDNF) in the hippocampus of EAE-P treatment animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that EAE-P is beneficial to the behavioral outcome of the CUMS model animals, and decreased amounts of inflammatory cytokine IL-6 contributed to the antidepressant-like activation of EAE-P in every dosage group (15, 30, 60 mg/kg). In the low dosage group, down-regulated apoptosis cytokine p53 is associated with EAE-P effect, but it is inflammatory cytokine TNF-α that is related to the effect of EAE-P in the high dosage group. Meanwhile, the P53-dependent antiapoptotic effect of EAE-P may not be through Bcl-2 and Bax modulation. Furthermore, EAE-P showed up-regulated expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and down-regulated apoptosis cytokine caspase-3 mRNA, which was the same change tendency as with Fluoxetine.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. xiehui@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China. kagome1987@163.com.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. ykang123@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. shixueru@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xueru
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. liuhr@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hongrui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. shenhaixing163@126.com.
authors.forename: Haixing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. jianchen_49@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Punan Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China. ymc540312@126.com.
authors.forename: Macheng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China. liujuan1949@163.com.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. slpan@shmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: ShengLi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D031701:Piper / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts