title: Effects of Fluoroquinolone-Based Antibacterial Ophthalmic Solutions on Corneal Wound Healing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of fluoroquinolone-based antibacterial ophthalmic solutions on cell proliferation in vitro and corneal wound healing in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Staten's Serum institute rabbit corneal cells were exposed to phosphate-buffered saline, 1.5% and 0.5% levofloxacin, 0.5% moxifloxacin, and 0.3% gatifloxacin, for 2 min, following which the cells were incubated without the drug. The cell viability was evaluated after 24 or 72 h of incubation. Rabbit corneal epithelial abrasion models created using n-heptanol were instilled with saline or fluoroquinolone-based solutions 7 times at 30-min intervals, following which corneal epithelial wound healing was evaluated from 30 min to 48 h by the measurement of electrical corneal resistance (CR) ratios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cell viability decreased over time; the lowest values were observed with 1.5% levofloxacin. Significant differences in cell viability were observed among the 4 solutions at 72 h (P<0.05); the cell viabilities of 1.5% and 0.5% levofloxacin, 0.5% moxifloxacin, and 0.3% gatifloxacin were 21.6%, 97.9%, 39.1%, and 67.5%, respectively. The electrical CR ratios at 48 h after instillation were 103.8% (saline), 78.2% (1.5% levofloxacin), 105.0% (0.5% levofloxacin), 74.9% (0.5% moxifloxacin), and 87.7% (0.3% gatifloxacin); the difference was significant between 1.5% levofloxacin or 0.5% moxifloxacin and saline (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cytotoxicities of 1.5% and 0.5% levofloxacin, 0.5% moxifloxacin, and 0.3% gatifloxacin were different, and 1.5% levofloxacin and 0.5% moxifloxacin resulted in delayed corneal wound healing. The results suggest that 1.5% levofloxacin exerts the greatest influence on corneal wound healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University , Ishikawa, Japan .
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University , Ishikawa, Japan .
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D065306:Corneal Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D064704:Levofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D064704:Levofloxacin; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D000077266:Moxifloxacin