title: Curriculum development for the workplace using Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs): AMEE Guide No. 99.
abstract: This Guide was written to support educators interested in building a competency-based workplace curriculum. It aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the literature on Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs), supplemented with suggestions for practical application to curriculum construction, assessment and educational technology. The Guide first introduces concepts and definitions related to EPAs and then guidance for their identification, elaboration and validation, while clarifying common misunderstandings about EPAs. A matrix-mapping approach of combining EPAs with competencies is discussed, and related to existing concepts such as competency milestones. A specific section is devoted to entrustment decision-making as an inextricable part of working with EPAs. In using EPAs, assessment in the workplace is translated to entrustment decision-making for designated levels of permitted autonomy, ranging from acting under full supervision to providing supervision to a junior learner. A final section is devoted to the use of technology, including mobile devices and electronic portfolios to support feedback to trainees about their progress and to support entrustment decision-making by programme directors or clinical teams.
authors.affiliation: a University Medical Center Utrecht , The Netherlands .
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ten Cate
authors.affiliation: b University of California San Francisco , USA .
authors.forename: Huiju Carrie
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a University Medical Center Utrecht , The Netherlands .
authors.forename: Reinier G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hoff
authors.affiliation: c Charité University , Germany.
authors.forename: Harm
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: d Utrecht University , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bok
authors.affiliation: d Utrecht University , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Schaaf
mesh_terms: D003162:Competency-Based Education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003479:Curriculum; D003657:Decision Making; D003697:Delphi Technique; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing; D005246:Feedback; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016730:Program Development; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017132:Workplace