title: SPME-GC-MS analysis of commercial henna samples (Lawsonia inermis L.).
abstract: The aim of this work was to provide a characterisation of volatile constituents from different commercial batches of henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaves of different geographic origin. Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the purpose. A total of 72 components were identified by GC-MS in the headspace of different henna samples which proved to differ considerably from each other, because they were characterised by different classes of components, mainly aliphatic compounds (9.0-64.7%), terpenoids (5.8-45.5%) and aromatics (7.9-45.2%), with alkanes (0.9-18.5%), aldehydes (2.1-18.8%) and carboxylic acids (3.1-29.3%), monoterpenes (3.4-30.0%) and sesquiterpenes (0.8-23.7%) and phenyl propanoids (0.6-43.1%), being the most abundant, respectively. Major representatives of these groups were n-hexadecane (0.5-4.7%), (2E)-hexenal (0.5-11.7%) and acetic acid (2.8-24.5%), limonene (0.8-14.7%), carvol (3.8-7.1%), geranyl acetone (1.4-7.9%) and (E)-caryophyllene (3.3-8.4%), and (E)-anethole (0.6-35.0%), respectively. We assume that factors such as the manufacturing process, the storage conditions and the different geographic origin of the samples may contribute to such variability.
authors.affiliation: a School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mengoni
authors.affiliation: a School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy.
authors.forename: Dolores Vargas
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Peregrina
authors.affiliation: a School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Censi
authors.affiliation: b HPLC-MS laboratory, University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cortese
authors.affiliation: b HPLC-MS laboratory, University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ricciutelli
authors.affiliation: a School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy.
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maggi
authors.affiliation: a School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy.
authors.forename: Piera
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Martino
mesh_terms: D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D031564:Lawsonia Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction
keywords: GC–MS; HS-SPME; Lawsonia inermis; henna