title: Nanoparticle Detection of Urinary Markers for Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Kidney Injury.
abstract: The high incidence of acute and chronic kidney injury due to various environmental factors such as heavy metals or chemicals has been a major problem in developing countries. However, the diagnosis of kidney injury in these areas can be more challenging due to the lack of highly sensitive and specific techniques that can be applied in point-of-care settings. To address this, we have developed a technique called 'micro-urine nanoparticle detection (μUNPD)', that allows the detection of trace amounts of molecular markers in urine. Specifically, this technique utilizes an automated on-chip assay followed by detection with a hand-held device for the read-out. Using the μUNPD technology, the kidney injury markers KIM-1 and Cystatin C were detected down to concentrations of 0.1 ng/ml and 20 ng/ml respectively, which meets the cut-off range required to identify patients with acute or chronic kidney injury. Thus, we show that the μUNPD technology enables point of care and non-invasive detection of kidney injury, and has potential for applications in diagnosing kidney injury with high sensitivity in resource-limited settings.
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Hyun Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kathryn L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jaehoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
authors.forename: Kamani
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wanigasuriya
authors.affiliation: Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Innocent
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jayawardene
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kyungheon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Hakho
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Vishal S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Vaidya
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weissleder
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine; D046208:Microchip Analytical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D055316:Cystatin C; C491143:HAVCR1 protein, human; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011991:Receptors, Virus