title: The body mass index (BMI) is significantly correlated with levels of cytokines and chemokines in cerebrospinal fluid.
abstract: Cytokines and chemokines regulate many functions in the body including the brain. The interactions between adipose tissue and the central nervous system (CNS) are important for the regulation of energy balance. CNS function is also influenced by age. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and age on cytokine and chemokine levels in cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid samples (n=89) were collected from patients undergoing routine surgical procedures. The samples were analyzed using the multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA) in which 92 different cytokines are measured simultaneously using minute sample volume. We found no significant correlations between age and cytokine levels for any of the studied markers. In contrast, at a false discovery rate of 10%, 19 markers were significantly associated with BMI (in decreasing significance: FGF-5, ADA, Beta-NGF, CD40, IL-10RB, CCL19, TGF-alpha, SIRT2, TWEAK, SCF, CSF-1, 4E-BP1, DNER, LIF-R, STAMPB, CXCL10, CXCL6, VEGF-A and CX3CL1). This study reveals a clear effect of BMI on cytokine and chemokine levels in cerebrospinal fluid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: anders.larsson@akademiska.se.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and Uppsala Berzelii Technology Center for Neurodiagnostics, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anne-Li
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and Uppsala Berzelii Technology Center for Neurodiagnostics, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gordh
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Cluj Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Constantin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bodolea
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 08 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Masood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamali-Moghaddam
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Uppsala University, SE-751 05 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Måns
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thulin
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D018925:Chemokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Age; Body mass index; Cerebrospinal fluid; Cytokine; Human; Proximity extension assay (PEA)