title: Effects of long term raw pig slurry inputs on nutrient and metal contamination of tropical volcanogenic soils, Uvéa Island (South Pacific).
abstract: In small Polynesian islands, family pig breeding is usually conducted without recovery of pig slurry. Raw pig slurry is spread onto the soil without any treatment. So far, most of the studies were carried out in temperate climate and for industrial digested pig slurry applications on agricultural lands. In the present case study, conducted in Uvéa Island, the aim is to determine if long term application of raw pig slurry on tropical soils, naturally rich in heavy metals has a significant influence on elements concentrations and mobility. Two types of tropical soils and two pig breeding systems, pig enclosure on small concrete pens or pig enclosure in large land pens, were investigated. Here we demonstrate that raw pig slurry inputs on soils can lead to an increase of total nitrogen and phosphorus content with high Contamination Factors. The Pollution Load Index values (1.3; 5.3; 2.5; 2.3) were indicative of multi-heavy metals pollution (Fe, Mn, Al, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni) in mixed calcareous soils of the coastal area and they are exchangeable while they are immobilized or less mobile in inland pure ferralitic soils. For mixed calcareous soils of the coastal area, family pig breeding represents a drainage risk of soluble species (phosphorus, inorganic nitrogen, Fe, Mn, Al, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni). For inland ferralitic soils, family pig breeding is more compatible with a sustainable management of the environment in Uvéa Island and by extension in volcanic tropical islands with respect to the investigated chemical elements.
authors.affiliation: PPME, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie BPR4, 98851 Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia. Electronic address: peggy.gunkel-grillon@univ-nc.nc.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gunkel-Grillon
authors.affiliation: GSMA, UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la House, BP 1039-51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: PPME, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie BPR4, 98851 Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laporte-Magoni
authors.affiliation: PPME, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie BPR4, 98851 Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Mestre
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008372:Manure; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Contamination Factor; Family pig breeding; Heavy metals; Leaching risk; Nutrients; Pig slurry; Tropical soils; metal mobility