title: Curcuma and Scutellaria plant extracts protect chickens against inflammation and Salmonella Enteritidis infection.
abstract: After a ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in farm animals in the European Union in 2006, an interest in alternative products with antibacterial or anti-inflammatory properties has increased. In this study, we therefore tested the effects of extracts from Curcuma longa and Scutellaria baicalensis used as feed additives against cecal inflammation induced by heat stress or Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) infection in chickens. Curcuma extract alone was not enough to decrease gut inflammation induced by heat stress. However, a mixture of Curcuma and Scutellaria extracts used as feed additives decreased gut inflammation induced by heat or S. Enteritidis, decreased S. Enteritidis counts in the cecum but was of no negative effect on BW or humoral immune response. Using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA we found out that supplementation of feed with the 2 plant extracts had no effect on microbiota diversity. However, if the plant extract supplementation was provided to the chickens infected with S. Enteritidis, Faecalibacterium, and Lactobacillus, both bacterial genera with known positive effects on gut health were positively selected. The supplementation of chicken feed with extracts from Curcuma and Scutelleria thus may be used in poultry production to effectively decrease gut inflammation and increase chicken performance.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Varmuzova
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marta Elsheimer
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Matulova
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gerzova
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Darina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cejkova
authors.affiliation: CCPA Group, Z.A. du Bois de Teillay, 35150 Janze, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gardan-Salmon
authors.affiliation: CCPA Group, Z.A. du Bois de Teillay, 35150 Janze, France.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panhéleux
authors.affiliation: CCPA Group, Z.A. du Bois de Teillay, 35150 Janze, France.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Frantisek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sisak
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Havlickova
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic rychlik@vri.cz.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rychlik
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002645:Chickens; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D031363:Scutellaria / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Curcuma; Salmonella; Scutellaria; chicken; feed; flavonoid; inflammation