title: Plasma Brain Natriuretic Peptide, Endothelin-1, and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Expression and Significance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 2 diabetes (DMT2) combined with ischemic heart disease (IHD) promotes the occurrence and development of coronary atherosclerosis. We aimed to provide a theoretical basis for improving patient prognosis through analyzing expression of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), endothelin-1 (ET 1), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9).
  
  
  METHODS
  Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect BNP, ET-1, and MMP-9 levels in 50 patients with DMT2 only (group A), 47 patients with IHD only (group B), 43 patients with comorbid (both) IHD and DMT2 (group C), and 50 health controls (group D). Group C was further divided into single-branch lesion group, double-branch lesions group, and triple-branch lesion group according to coronary angiography, or cardiac function grade II, III, and IV group according to cardiac function, and their BNP, ET-1, and MMP-9 levels were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with group D, TG, diastolic, and systolic blood pressure were all significantly elevated in groups A, B, and C. Group C exhibited obviously higher glycosylated hemoglobin than group A. Gensini score in group C was markedly higher than in group B. Compared with group D, BNP, ET-1, and MMP-9 levels were all increased in groups A, B, and C. Group C showed higher levels of BNP, ET-1, and MMP-9 than group A and B. BNP, ET-1, and MMP-9 levels in the triple-branch lesions group were higher than in the single-branch lesions group and double-branch lesions group. The cardiac function grade IV group presented higher levels of BNP, ET-1, and MMP-9 than did the grade II and III groups. BNP, ET-1, and MMP-9 showed a positive correlation to each other.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BNP, ET-1, and MMP-9 may participate in the occurrence and development of comorbid DMT2 and IHD. They are important objective indicators for evaluating severity and prognosis of patients with comorbid DMA2 and IHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Maintenance, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Chunfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Meixin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Maintenance, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019332:Endothelin-1; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9