title: Choice of toothpaste for the elderly: an in vitro study.
abstract: Hyposalivation and dental root exposure in the elderly are problems that require special oral care. In this context, the characteristics of certain toothpastes are of particular importance. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and dentin wear caused by seven different toothpastes. For dentin wear analysis, 40 root dentin specimens were submitted to 20,000 brushing cycles with the different toothpastes and distilled water (control group-CG), using a brushing machine. Dentin surface loss (SL) was measured by contact profilometer. The cytotoxicity of each toothpaste was tested using cultured fibroblasts submitted to a cell-culture-conditioned medium. Fresh medium served as the control. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay after 24 h of contact with the conditioned media. The data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The SL of the CG was minimal and significantly lower than that of the Oral B Pro Health (OBPH) group (p < 0.05). All other groups presented SL in between that of the CG and the Oral B Pro Health OBPH group, except for the Sensodyne (SEN) group, which presented SL similar to that of CG (p = 0.05). The SEN group presented a percentage of viable cells similar to that of CG: between 60-89%. All the other toothpastes showed high cytotoxicity, with cell viability less than 50% of the CG. Considering study limitations, we concluded that only one of the seven tested toothpastes exhibited the most desirable toothpaste characteristics for the worldwide growing elderly population (e.g. low cytotoxicity and low-abrasive potential).
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Duarte de
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Souza-Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Stella da Silva
authors.initials: Sda S
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta Souza
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: D'Almeida-Couto
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karina Monteleone
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lachowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Ângela Pita
authors.initials: MÂ
authors.lastname: Sobral
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia Martins
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Marques
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003804:Dentin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D005562:Formazans; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013997:Time Factors; D057085:Tooth Wear / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D005562:Formazans; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D014100:Toothpastes; C079782:MTT formazan