title: The Crosstalk between Osteoclasts and Osteoblasts Is Dependent upon the Composition and Structure of Biphasic Calcium Phosphates.
abstract: Biphasic calcium phosphates (BCPs), consisting of hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), exhibit good biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, maintaining a balance between resorption of the biomaterial and formation of new bone. We tested whether the chemical composition and/or the microstructure of BCPs affect osteoclasts (OCs) differentiation and/or their ability to crosstalk with osteoblasts (OBs). To this aim, OCs were cultured on BCPs with HA content of 5, 20 or 60% and their differentiation and activity were assessed. We found that OC differentiation is partially impaired by increased HA content, but not by the presence of micropores within BCP scaffolds, as indicated by TRAP staining and gene profile expression. We then investigated whether the biomaterial-induced changes in OC differentiation also affect their ability to crosstalk with OBs and regulate OB function. We found that BCPs with low percentage of HA favored the expression of positive coupling factors, including sphingosine-kinase 1 (SPHK1) and collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (Cthrc1). In turn, the increase of these secreted coupling factors promotes OB differentiation and function. All together our studies suggest that the chemical composition of biomaterials affects not only the differentiation and activity of OCs but also their potential to locally regulate bone formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiwaku
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Neff
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeyama
authors.affiliation: Xpand Biotechnology BV, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joost
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Bruijn
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dard
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gori
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baron
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000378:metabolism; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase; C502426:CTHRC1 protein, human; C074950:hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate