title: Soot and house dust mite allergen cause eosinophilic laryngitis in an animal model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic laryngitis (CL) is common and costly. One of the most common causes of CL is thought to be laryngopharyngeal reflux, although a significant percentage of individuals fail to get better with acid suppressive therapy. The role of other potential causes of CL such as allergy and environmental pollution has not been thoroughly investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between iron soot, house dust mite allergen (HDMA), and CL in an established animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four guinea pigs were separated into four 6-week exposure groups: 1) saline (allergen control) + filtered air (pollution control); 2) HDMA (Dermatophygoides farinae) + filtered air; 3) saline + combustion particulates; or 4) HDMA + combustion particulates. The primary outcome measure was mean eosinophil profile (MEP) in glottic, subglottic, and trachea epithelium and submucosa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combination of iron soot and HDMA caused eosinophilia (elevated MEP) in the glottic (P < 0.06), subglottic (P < 0.05), and trachea (P < 0.05) submucosa and epithelium (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of HDMA and iron soot resulted in laryngeal eosinophilia in an established guinea pig model of CL. The data support the notion that factors other than reflux may cause CL. Further investigation into eosinophilic laryngitis as a distinct clinical entity caused by exposure to environmental allergen and pollution is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento.
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Belafsky
authors.affiliation: Center for Health and the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis.
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peake
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento.|Center for Health and the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis.
authors.forename: Suzette M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Smiley-Jewell
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.
authors.forename: Sunil P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dworkin-Valenti
authors.affiliation: Center for Health and the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis.
authors.forename: Kent E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Pinkerton
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000276:immunology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007501:Iron / Q000276:immunology*; D007827:Laryngitis / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D053260:Soot
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; D053260:Soot; D007501:Iron
keywords: Chronic laryngitis; HDMA; LPR; allergy; combustion particles; environment; house dust mite antigen; iron soot; laryngitis; laryngopharyngeal reflux; pollution; soot