title: [Healthcare-associated urinary tract infections in patients with a urinary catheter: Risk factors, microbiological characteristics and patterns of antibiotic resistance].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most common nosocomial acquired infections, with high resistance rates. CAUTIs are a potentially severe complication in hospitalized patients and imply higher costs. Our aim was to analyze the characteristics of CAUTIs in our Urology department.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between November 2011 and October 2013, a prospective observational study was carried out analyzing the incidence of healthcare-associated urinary tract infections in patients admitted to the urology ward with an indwelling urinary catheter. Furthermore, we evaluated associated risks factors and comorbidities such as urinary catheter at the time of admission or urological surgery during the hospitalization. We also presented our results regarding the microbiological characteristics and patterns of resistance to antibiotics in patients with CAUTI admitted in our service.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of CAUTI was 8.2% (189/2283 patients who had urinary catheter). Mean age was 67.4±14.26 years, 90.2% underwent a surgical procedure (p<0.001), 14.8% had a urinary stone (p=0.058) and 46% had a urinary catheter before admission (p<0.001). The most commonly isolated pathogens were Escherichia coli (22.6%), Enterococcus (21.9%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.9%). E.coli showed resistance rates of 41.9% for quinolones, 33.3% of them produced extended spectrum Β-lactamase (ESBL). P.aeruginosa showed resistance rates of 42.1% for quinolones and 21.1% for carbapenems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Healthcare-associated CAUTI in patients hospitalized in a urology ward are related to risks factors such as having a urinary catheter before admission and undergoing a surgical procedure. Moreover, CAUTIs have higher incidence of pathogens with antibiotic resistances and non-common pathogens such as Enterococcus spp.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Estíbaliz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Alcaide
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Medina-Polo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: García-González
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arrébola-Pajares
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Félix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Ramos
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pérez-Cadavid
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sopeña-Sutil
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benítez-Sala
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alonso-Isa
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lara-Isla
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Juan Bautista
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Passas-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.
authors.forename: Ángel
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Tejido-Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D062885:Urinary Catheters / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents