title: Neuroimaging in refractory epilepsy. Current practice and evolving trends.
abstract: Identification of the epileptogenic zone is of paramount importance in refractory epilepsy as the success of surgical treatment depends on complete resection of the epileptogenic zone. Imaging plays an important role in the locating and defining anatomic epileptogenic abnormalities in patients with medically refractory epilepsy. The aim of this article is to present an overview of the current MRI sequences used in epilepsy imaging with special emphasis of lesion seen in our practices. Optimisation of epilepsy imaging protocols are addressed and current trends in functional MRI sequences including MR spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging and fusion MR with PET and SPECT are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Imaging, University Malaya Research Imaging Centre, Malaysia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ramli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Imaging, University Malaya Research Imaging Centre, Malaysia. Electronic address: katt_xr2000@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rahmat
authors.affiliation: Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
keywords: Electroencephalography; Epileptogenic lesion; Imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Refractory epilepsy