title: CaMKII plays a part in the chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study is to observe the functions of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the induced chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  BMSCs was in vitro isolated and cultured for induced chondrogenesis. Western blot was used to ascertain the expression of CaMKII and phosphorylated CaMKII (PCaMKII, activatory CaMKII) in chondrogenic induced BMSCs. MTT method was utilized to observe the impact of CaMKII on the proliferation of BMSCs. The generation of cartilage matrix in BMSCs cells was detected by toluidine blue staining. The levels of cartilage marker genes COL2A1, Aggrecan and SOX9 in BMSCs were gained by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR). Finally, BMSCs proliferation, cartilage matrix generation and the changes of COL2A1, Aggrecan and SOX9 were surveyed after CaMKII being blocked by CaMKII inhibitor KN93.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of CaMKII and PCaMKII could be found in chondrogenic induced BMSCs. CaMKII had no significant influence on BMSCs proliferation, but the toluidine blue staining was obviously lighter, indicating a significant decline in the expression of COL2A1, Aggrecan and SOX9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As one of the factors influencing the chondrogenic capacity of BMSCs, CaMKII does not impact on BMSCs proliferation, but it can inhibit the chondrogenic ability of BMSCs by influencing its differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Zhikun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Bangtuo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Chunbao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Xuezhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Jiangtao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D053674:Aggrecans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D053674:Aggrecans; C447413:Col2a1 protein, mouse; D024043:Collagen Type II; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
keywords: CaMKII; bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs); chondrogenesis