title: IL-17-Mediated Immunity to the Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans.
abstract: IL-17 (IL-17A) has emerged as a key mediator of protection against extracellular microbes, but this cytokine also drives pathology in various autoimmune diseases. Overwhelming data in both humans and mice reveal a clear and surprisingly specific role for IL-17 in protection against the fungus Candida albicans, a commensal microbe of the human oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and reproductive mucosa. The IL-17 pathway regulates antifungal immunity through upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, neutrophil-recruiting chemokines (e.g., CXCL1 and CXCL5), and antimicrobial peptides (e.g., defensins), which act in concert to limit fungal overgrowth. This review focuses on diseases caused by C. albicans, the role of IL-17-mediated immunity in candidiasis, and the implications for clinical therapies for both autoimmune conditions and fungal infections.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261.
authors.forename: Heather R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 sarah.gaffen@pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gaffen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000276:immunology*; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1 / Q000276:immunology; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5 / Q000276:immunology; D023082:Defensins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D053722:Receptors, Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology*; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; C486263:CXCL5 protein, human; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5; D023082:Defensins; C508717:IL17A protein, human; C109985:IL17RA protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D020381:Interleukin-17; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053722:Receptors, Interleukin-17; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition