title: Psychiatric Disorders and Polyphenols: Can They Be Helpful in Therapy?
abstract: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders permanently increases. Polyphenolic compounds can be involved in modulation of mental health including brain plasticity, behaviour, mood, depression, and cognition. In addition to their antioxidant ability other biomodulating properties have been observed. In the pathogenesis of depression disturbance in neurotransmitters, increased inflammatory processes, defects in neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and redox imbalance are observed. Ginkgo biloba, green tea, and Quercus robur extracts and curcumin can affect neuronal system in depressive patients. ADHD patients treated with antipsychotic drugs, especially stimulants, report significant adverse effects; therefore, an alternative treatment is searched for. An extract from Ginkgo biloba and from Pinus pinaster bark, Pycnogenol, could become promising complementary supplements in ADHD treatment. Schizophrenia is a devastating mental disorder, with oxidative stress involved in its pathophysiology. The direct interference of polyphenols with schizophrenia pathophysiology has not been reported yet. However, increased oxidative stress caused by haloperidol was inhibited ex vivo by different polyphenols. Curcumin, extract from green tea and from Ginkgo biloba, may have benefits on serious side effects associated with administration of neuroleptics to patients suffering from schizophrenia. Polyphenols in the diet have the potential to become medicaments in the field of mental health after a thorough study of their mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Child University Hospital, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trebatická
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Zdeňka
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ďuračková
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D059808:Polyphenols