title: Exposure of male mice to two kinds of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) induced oxidative stress and endocrine disruption.
abstract: Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) are two of the most common organophosphate flame retardants in the ecosystem. Effects of TPP and TCEP on the induction of oxidative stress and endocrine disruption were evaluated in five weeks old male mice. After receiving 100, 300 mg/kg/bodyweight oral exposure to TPP and TCEP for 35 days, the body and testis weights decreased in 300 mg/kg TPP and TCEP treated groups. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increased significantly in both TPP treated groups, while the contents of glutathione (GSH) decreased significantly in 300 mg/kg TPP and both TCEP treated groups. In addition, the hepatic activities of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) as well as their related gene expression were affected by TPP or TECP exposure. On the other hand, 300 mg/kg of TPP or TECP treatment resulted in histopathological damage and the decrease of testicular testosterone levels. Moreover, the expression of main genes related to testosterone synthesis including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (P450-17α) in the testes also decreased after the exposure to 300 mg/kg TPP or TCEP for 35 days. Combined with the effects on physiology, histopathology and the expression of genes, TPP and TCEP can induce oxidative stress and endocrine disruption in mice.
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Guanliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China. Electronic address: jinyx@zjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuanxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China. Electronic address: azwfu@zjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005411:Flame Retardants; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds
keywords: Endocrine disruption; Mice; Oxidative stress; Triphenyl phosphate; Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate