title: The 5'-UTR of DDB2 harbors an IRES element and upregulates translation during stress conditions.
abstract: DDB2 is a tumor-inhibiting factor not only involved a major DNA repair mechanism in the Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER), but also correlated with cell apoptosis in the DNA damage response pathway. During serum-starvation, we noted that the translation levels of DDB2 were increased. To evaluate whether the 5'-UTR of DDB2 harbors an IRES element, we used a bicistronic luciferase plasmid with the 5'-UTR of DDB2 inserted between two cistron coding regions. We found that DDB2 5'-UTR could initiate the downstream reporter, demonstrating that the 5'-UTR of DDB2 contained an IRES. The 5'-UTR of DDB2 was predicted into a relatively stable secondary structure by the Mfold program. We deleted the stem-loops in turn to analyze the core part of IRES and found that full length of the 5'-UTR was significant for the IRES activity. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that the DDB2 IRES activity was promoted during stress conditions. These results reveal a novel mechanism contributing to DDB2 expression.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenyan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
authors.forename: Wennan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
authors.forename: Yifen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
authors.forename: Pengpeng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China. Electronic address: ry_zhu@sina.com.
authors.forename: Ruiyu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China. Electronic address: jinjian31@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D002460:Cell Line; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012326:RNA Splicing; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; C117669:DDB2 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins
keywords: DDB2; IRES activity; Internal ribosome entry segment; Translation