title: Geminate consonant grapheme-colour synaesthesia (ideaesthesia).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Synaesthesia is a neurological condition which manifests clinically as an involuntary experience of a sensory or cognitive pathway upon stimulation of a second unrelated sensory or cognitive pathway
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a 55 year old male who presented with a life-long history of grapheme-colour synaesthesia in which the triggering grapheme was the double letter 'll' (a geminate consonant), but not 'l' as a single letter. This patient's synaesthesia was also font specific (becoming more evident with serif fonts) and influenced by migraine headache (being suppressed during the prodrome and aura of a migraine headache)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that geminate consonants are uniquely processed rather than treated as two individual consonants. Also, the existence of a mechanistic relationship between synesthetic and migrainous events sequence was verified.
authors.affiliation: Toronto Western Research Institute, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada. dweaver@uhnresearch.ca.|University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1 L7, Canada. dweaver@uhnresearch.ca.|Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Suite RFE 3-805, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada. dweaver@uhnresearch.ca.
authors.forename: Donald F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.affiliation: Toronto Western Research Institute, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada. chawco@uhnresearch.ca.|University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1 L7, Canada. chawco@uhnresearch.ca.
authors.forename: Cassandra L A
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hawco
mesh_terms: D003116:Color; D003118:Color Perception; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010468:Perceptual Disorders; D000080311:Synesthesia