title: Widely Used Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ICP0 Deletion Mutant Strain dl1403 and Its Derivative Viruses Do Not Express Glycoprotein C Due to a Secondary Mutation in the gC Gene.
abstract: Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ICP0 is a multi-functional phosphoprotein expressed with immediate early kinetics. An ICP0 deletion mutant, HSV-1 dl1403, has been widely used to study the roles of ICP0 in the HSV-1 replication cycle including gene expression, latency, entry and assembly. We show that HSV-1 dl1403 virions lack detectable levels of envelope protein gC, and that gC is not synthesized in infected cells. Sequencing of the gC gene from HSV-1 dl1403 revealed a single amino acid deletion that results in a frameshift mutation. The HSV-1 dl1403 gC gene is predicted to encode a polypeptide consisting of the original 62 N-terminal amino acids of the gC protein followed by 112 irrelevant, non-gC residues. The mutation was also present in a rescuant virus and in two dl1403-derived viruses, D8 and FXE, but absent from the parental 17+, suggesting that the mutation was introduced during the construction of the dl1403 virus, and not as a result of passage in culture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Cristina W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Kathryne E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Delboy
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komala Sari
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Hector C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Mossman
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Anthony V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Nicola
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D016368:Frameshift Mutation; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D014771:Virion / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C038535:glycoprotein gC, herpes simplex virus type 1