title: Photo-irradiation paradigm: Mapping a remarkable facile technique used for advanced drug, gene and cell delivery.
abstract: Undoubtedly, the progression of photo-irradiation technique has provided a smart engineering tool for the state-of-the-art biomaterials that guide the biomedical and therapeutic domains for promoting the modern pharmaceutical industry. Many investigators had exploited such a potential technique to create/ameliorate numerous pharmaceutical carriers. These carriers show promising applications that vary from small drug to therapeutic protein delivery and from gene to living cell encapsulation design. Harmony between the properties of precisely engineered precursors and the formed network structure broadens the investigator's intellect for both brilliant creations and effective applications. As well, controlling photo-curing at the formulation level, through manipulating the absorption of light stimuli, photoinitiator system and photo-responsive precursor, facilitates the exploration of novel distinctive biomaterials. Discussion of utilizing different photo-curing procedures in designing/formulation of different pharmaceutical carriers is the main emphasis of this review. In addition, recent applications of these intelligent techniques in targeted, controlled, and sustained drug delivery with understanding of photo-irradiation concept and mechanism are illustrated.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Department, College of Pharmacy, PO Box 30040, Taibah University, Al Madina Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia; Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: mshaker@mun.ca.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shaker
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics & Polymeric Drug Delivery Research Lab (PPDDRL), College of Pharmacy, PO Box 2713, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Husam M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Younes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017690:Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D010775:Photic Stimulation
keywords: Biomaterials; Drug delivery; Pharmaceutical carriers; Photo-irradiation