title: Can apical ballooning cardiomyopathy and anterior STEMI be differentiated based on β1 and β2-adrenergic receptors polymorphisms?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Catecholamine excess along with an exaggerated sympathetic stimulation appears to play a major role in the pathophysiological mechanism of tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC), which mimics acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in the distribution of allelic variants of β1- and β2-adrenoceptors between TTC and anterior STEMI patients compared to normal subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  β1- and/or β2-adrenoceptor polymorphisms in 97 patients with TTC (92 females, 96%; mean age 66.8±11.6years; range 35 to 87years) were compared with 81 patients with anterior STEMI (77 females, 95%; mean age 72.5±12.8years; range 32 to 96years) and 101 controls (95 females, 94%; mean age 62.3±10.4years; range 44 to 92years). Differences in genotype frequencies were assessed using the Pearson χ(2) test. β1-Adrenoceptor (Gly389Arg) and β2-adrenoceptor (Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu) genotype frequencies were significantly different among groups (p<0.001, p=0.024, p=0.008, respectively). However, differences did not achieve statistical significance when TTC and anterior STEMI patients were compared by post-hoc analysis. The cardiovascular risk factor profile was worse in anterior STEMI patients, who more often had a history of systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a large TTC cohort compared with anterior STEMI patients, β-adrenoceptor polymorphisms were similar. However, the cardiovascular risk factor profile was different between the two groups. β-Adrenoceptor polymorphisms in TTC patients differed from normal subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Cardiology, S. Antonio Community Hospital, San Daniele del Friuli (UD), Italy. Electronic address: olgavriz@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vriz
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Minisini
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Concetta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zito
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boccato
authors.affiliation: Cardiology SUN, Monaldi Hospital, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fimiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pirisi
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Surgery Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Facciolo
authors.affiliation: Cardiology SUN, Monaldi Hospital, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Limongelli
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Surgery Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bossone
authors.affiliation: Cardiology SUN, Monaldi Hospital, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calabrò
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D054549:Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2
keywords: ST-elevation myocardial infarction; Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy; β-Adrenoceptor polymorphisms