title: Overnight Hospital Experiences for Medical Students: Results of the 2014 Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine National Survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since the 2011 Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) work hour rules for residents were implemented, 24-30 h call for interns has been replaced by shift work, including night-float. The impact of these changes on undergraduate medical education experiences in internal medicine has not been described.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to determine the current status of medical students' overnight experiences in Internal Medicine clerkships and sub-internships, and to assess internal medicine educators' perceptions of the importance of overnight work during internal medicine rotations.
  
  
  METHODS
  In May 2014, the Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine (CDIM) conducted its annual survey. Twenty-eight questions about student participation in overnight work and perceptions of the importance of overnight work (rated on 1-5 Likert scale, 1 = very unimportant and 5 =  ery important) were included. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize responses. Free text results were analyzed qualitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 78 %. A minority of respondents reported students having any overnight experience during the clerkship (38.7 %) or the sub-internship (40.7 %). Only 5 % of respondents reported having students assigned to night-float rotations outside of clerkships or sub-internships. Respondents agreed that overnight experiences were more important during the sub-internship than the clerkship, 4.0 ± 1.1 vs. 3.2 ± 1.2, p < 0.001. Admitting new patients, following their course and responding to emergencies were rated as important overnight tasks for both clerkship and sub-internship students.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overnight experiences offer students additional educational opportunities. Clerkship directors felt that the overnight experience for the sub-intern in particular was an important chance to practice providing emergency cross coverage and other intern roles. In the era of ACGME duty hours, there is a need to further examine whether there is a role for increased overnight hospital experiences for medical students.
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St #2009, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA, eric.goren@uphs.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Eric N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Goren
authors.forename: Debra S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Leizman
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: La Rochelle
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kogan
mesh_terms: D002982:Clinical Clerkship; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine / Q000193:education*; D008297:Male; D009551:Night Care; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D000078329:Workforce; D055815:Young Adult