title: Application of mesotrione at different doses in an amended soil: Dissipation and effect on the soil microbial biomass and activity.
abstract: The aim of this work was to estimate the dissipation of mesotrione applied at three doses (2, 10 and 50 mg kg(-1) dw) in an unamended agricultural soil, and this same soil amended with two organic residues (green compost (C) and sewage sludge (SS)). The effects of herbicide and organic residue on the abundance and activity of soil microbial communities were also assessed by determining soil microbial parameters such as biomass, dehydrogenase activity (DHA), and respiration. Lower dissipation rates were observed for a higher herbicide dose. The highest half-life (DT50) values were observed in the SS-amended soil for the three herbicide doses applied. Biomass values increased in the amended soils compared to the unamended one in all the cases studied, and increased over the incubation period in the SS-amended soil. DHA mean values significantly decreased in the SS-amended soil, and increased in the C-amended soil compared to the unamended ones, under all conditions. At time 0 days, respiration values were significantly higher in SS-amended soils (untreated and treated with mesotrione) than in the unamended and C-amended soils. The effect of mesotrione on soil biomass, DHA and respiration was different depending on incubation time and soil amendment and herbicide dose applied. The results support the need to consider the possible non-target effects of pesticides and organic amendments simultaneously applied on soil microbial communities to prevent negative impacts on soil quality.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pose-Juan
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Martín
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Eliseo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Herrero-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain. Electronic address: msonia.rodriguez@irnasa.csic.es.
authors.forename: María Sonia
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Cruz
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D003512:Cyclohexanones / Q000032:analysis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003512:Cyclohexanones; D006540:Herbicides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Amended soils; Biomass; Dehydrogenase activity; Dissipation kinetics; Mesotrione; Microbial community; Respiration