title: Effects of preventative application of metformin on bile acid metabolism in high fat-fed/streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate the effects of metformin on bile acid in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we constructed a model of T2DM by a combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection. Blood samples by tail vein and eye angular vein were withdrawn before (time 0) and 30, 60, and 120 minutes after administration of glucose before STZ injection and once a week after diabetes induction, and were analyzed to evaluate the level of the fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin using glucometer. Triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterin, high density lipoprotein cholesterin were detected by automatic biochemical analyzers. Total cholesterol and total bile acid (TBA) were analyzed using ELISA kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before STZ injection, the TBA level in HFD group was significantly higher relative to that in standard diet (SD) group and there was a moderate reduction of the TBA level in early intervention (EI) group 6 week after metformin administration comparing with that in HFD group but was still higher than that of SD group. However, after STZ injection, the TBA level was significantly higher in DM rats relative to that in normal control (NC) rats and the TBA level in late intervention (LI) (19.92 μmol/L) and EI rats (42.97 μmol/L) with metformin administration was significantly higher comparing with that in DM rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effects of metformin in plasma glucose and lipid metabolism might be associated with bile acid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Medical School of Shandong University Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China ; Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Medical School of Shandong University Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China ; Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhiping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China ; Department of Medicine, Taishan Medical University Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Medical School of Shandong University Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China ; Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Medical School of Shandong University Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China ; Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008687:Metformin
keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; metformin; streptozotocin; total bile acid