title: Role of gold nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles for chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
abstract: Osteoarthritis is a disease which is characterized by joint pain, swelling and stiffness. Articular cartilage has limited self-repair capacity due to its avascular and aneural nature. In this work, we show the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNps) for enhancing the delivery of chondroitin sulfate (CS), a drug used in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). AuNps were synthesized and were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-Ray diffraction analysis. AuNps were combined with CS (AuNps-CS) and their effect on primary goat chondrocytes was studied using MTT assay, Hoechst staining, production of glycosaminoglycan and collagen. Cell viability studies by MTT revealed that AuNps-CS stimulate cell proliferation. A two-fold increase in GAG and collagen production was observed in presence of AuNps-CS combination as compared to native CS, indicating that this combination stimulates chondrocyte proliferation and enhances extracellular matrix production (ECM). Hence, this study exhibits the potential of AuNps as a carrier of CS for treatment of osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-K.K Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-K.K Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India.
authors.forename: Vijayashree
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-K.K Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India.
authors.forename: Meenal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kowshik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006041:Goats; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006046:Gold; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003094:Collagen
keywords: chondroitin sulfate; delivery vehicle; extracellular matrix; gold nanoparticles; osteoarthritis