title: Intramuscular Administration of Drotaverine Hydrochloride Decreases Both Incidence of Urinary Retention and Time to Micturition in Orthopedic Patients under Spinal Anesthesia: A Single Blinded Randomized Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) increases the duration of hospitalization and frequency and risk of urinary bladder catheterization. The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of intramuscularly administered drotaverine hydrochloride in the prevention of POUR in orthopedic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and thirty patients 17-40 years of age undergoing lower limb orthopedic procedures under spinal anesthesia were enrolled in the study. The study group received 40 mg of drotaverine hydrochloride intramuscularly; the second group was the control. The main outcome measure was (1) the time to micturition and (2) the incidence of urinary bladder catheterization and time to catheterization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and one patients of 230 enrolled participants completed the study. Compared to the control group, the male patients in study group exhibited a shorter time to spontaneous micturition (441 versus 563 minutes, 95% CI of the difference of means between 39 and 205 minutes) and a lower incidence of urinary bladder catheterization (4/75 versus 10/54) (RR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.1-0.87; P = 0.0175).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intramuscular administration of drotaverine hydrochloride decreased the time to spontaneous micturition and decreased the incidence of urinary bladder catheterization in male patients who underwent orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia. This trial is registered with NCT02026427.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tomaszewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bałkota
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D010208:Papaverine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011292:Premedication / Q000379:methods*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016055:Urinary Retention; D014554:Urination / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D010276:Parasympatholytics; C005317:drotaverin; D010208:Papaverine