title: Enhanced photodegradation of pentachlorophenol by single and mixed nonionic and anionic surfactants using graphene-TiO₂ as catalyst.
abstract: The photodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in a surfactant-containing (single and mixed) complex system using graphene-TiO2 (GT) as catalyst was investigated. The objective was to better understand the behavior of surfactants in a GT catalysis system for its possible use in remediation technology of soil contaminated by hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs). In a single-surfactant system, surfactant molecules aggregated on GT via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic force; nonideal mixing between nonionic and anionic surfactants rendered GT surface with mixed admicelles in a mixed surfactant system. Both effects helped incorporating PCP molecules into surfactant aggregates on catalyst surface. Hence, the targeted pollutants were rendered easily available to photo-yielded oxidative radicals, and photodegradation efficiency was significantly enhanced. Finally, real soil washing-photocatalysis trials proved that anionic-nonionic mixed surfactant soil washing coupled with graphene-TiO2 photocatalysis can be one promising technology for HOC-polluted soil remediation.
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.|School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yaxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zeyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China. htwang@tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hongtao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D010416:Pentachlorophenol / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010782:Photolysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C009495:titanium dioxide; D006108:Graphite; D014025:Titanium; D010416:Pentachlorophenol
keywords: Graphene–TiO2; Pentachlorophenol; Photodegradation; Soil remediation; Surfactant