title: Combination therapy with intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells and articulated joint distraction for repair of a chronic osteochondral defect in the rabbit.
abstract: The present study investigated intra-articular injection of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with articulated joint distraction as treatment for osteochondral defects. Large osteochondral defects were created in the weight-bearing area of the medial femoral condyle in rabbit knees. Four weeks after defect creation, rabbits were divided into six groups: control group, MSC group, distraction group, distraction + MSC group, temporary distraction group, and temporary distraction + MSC group. Groups with MSC received intra-articular injection of MSCs. Groups with distraction underwent articulated distraction arthroplasty. Groups with temporary distraction discontinued the distraction after 4 weeks. The rabbits were euthanized at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment except temporary distraction groups which were euthanized at only 12 weeks. Histological scores in the distraction + MSC group were significantly better than in the control, MSC group or distraction group at 4 and 8 weeks, but showed no further improvement. At 12 weeks, the temporary distraction + MSC group showed the best results, demonstrating hyaline cartilage repair with regeneration of the osteochondral junction. In conclusion, joint distraction with intra-articular injection of MSCs promotes early cartilage repair, and compressive loading of the repair tissue after temporary distraction stimulates articular cartilage regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakasa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Elhussein Elbadry
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Miyoshi Central Hospital, 531 Higashisakeyamachi, Miyoshi, Hiroshima, 728-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Goki
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deie
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ochi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054544:Arthroplasty, Subchondral / Q000379:methods*; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine
keywords: chronic osteochondral defect; compressive loading; distraction arthroplasty; mesenchymal stem cell; weight-bearing area