title: Annual diabetic eye examinations in a managed care Medicaid population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess how well a managed care organization performed annual diabetic eye screening in a Medicaid population, and to identify barriers to completion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthcare claims data for all Medicaid patients with diabetes covered by Priority Partners Managed Care Organization in 2010 and 2012 were collected, and the annual rates for diabetic eye exams in those years were reported. Predictors of completion of the diabetic eye exam in primary care clinics in 2010 and 2012 were assessed using a logistic regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 8902 Medicaid patients with a diagnosis of diabetes using the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set codes: 3838 patients in 2010 and 5064 patients in 2012. In 2010 and 2012, 46% and 64% of patients, respectively, had completed their annual diabetic eye exam. The increase in participation in annual eye exams from 2010 to 2012 was statistically significant (P < .001). Among the factors increasing the likelihood of completion of an annual diabetic eye exam among the Medicaid population were access to a nonmydriatic fundoscopic camera in the primary care clinic, compliance with glycated hemoglobin measurement based on the recommended guidelines, incentives offered to primary care offices, and higher resource utilization band score. Financial incentives to patients, however, lowered the completion rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Annual diabetic eye exam completion is low among the Medicaid population. Detecting high-risk patients and adjusting for factors that play a role in nonadherence both increase the rate of annual diabetic eye exams among underserved populations such as Medicaid patients.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 900 Cathedral St., Apt 405, Baltimore, MD 21201. E-mail: ehatef1@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hatef
authors.forename: Bruce G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Vanderver
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fagan
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alexander
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007345:Insurance Claim Review; D008297:Male; D008329:Managed Care Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008484:Medicaid / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult