title: Multiparametric MRI Improves Accuracy of Clinical Nomograms for Predicting Extracapsular Extension of Prostate Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) with the Partin tables and Memorial Sloan-Kettering (MSK) nomogram for predicting extracapsular extension (ECE) in prostate cancer and to create a tool for clinicians to estimate pathologic ECE risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 112 patients who underwent 3T MP-MRI of the prostate and radical prostatectomy was performed. Regression analyses were carried out to identify predictors of ECE. Predictive accuracy of models based on nomogram and MP-MRI were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 33 of patients (29%) had ECE on MP-MRI whereas 26 patients (23%) had ECE on final pathology. Mean age was 62.8 years and mean prostate-specific antigen was 8.2 ng/dL. MRI was a significant predictor of ECE that was independent of age, prostate-specific antigen, Gleason score, clinical stage, and percent positive cores on biopsy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of MP-MRI for ECE were 84.6%, 87.2%, 66.7%, and 94.9%, respectively. Areas under the curve for Partin and MSK nomograms for predicting ECE were 0.85 and 0.86, respectively. Area under the curve increased to 0.92 and 0.94, respectively, when MP-MRI was added to each nomogram. We provide an online tool that integrates Partin or MSK nomogram results with ECE status determined from MRI to predict pathologic ECE. Within the typical range of risks for ECE provided by the clinical nomograms (ie, 15%-40%), MRI was useful for predicting pathologic ECE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MP-MRI may be a useful adjunct for clinically staging prostate cancer. MP-MRI improved accuracy of existing clinical nomograms for prediction of pathologic ECE.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Tom S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Ali Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sharif-Afshar
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Quanlin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luthringer
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Rola
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saouaf
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address: KimHL@cshs.org.
authors.forename: Hyung L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D049451:Nomograms; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies