title: It's a Matter of Mind! Cognitive Functioning Predicts the Athletic Performance in Ultra-Marathon Runners.
abstract: The present study was aimed at exploring the influence of cognitive processes on performance in ultra-marathon runners, providing an overview of the cognitive aspects that characterize outstanding runners. Thirty runners were administered a battery of computerized tests right before their participation in an ultra-marathon. Then, they were split according to the race rank into two groups (i.e., faster runners and slower runners) and their cognitive performance was compared. Faster runners outperformed slower runners in trials requiring motor inhibition and were more effective at performing two tasks together, successfully suppressing the activation of the information for one of the tasks when was not relevant. Furthermore, slower runners took longer to remember to execute pre-defined actions associated with emotional stimuli when such stimuli were presented. These findings suggest that cognitive factors play a key role in running an ultra-marathon. Indeed, if compared with slower runners, faster runners seem to have a better inhibitory control, showing superior ability not only to inhibit motor response but also to suppress processing of irrelevant information. Their cognitive performance also appears to be less influenced by emotional stimuli. This research opens new directions towards understanding which kinds of cognitive and emotional factors can discriminate talented runners from less outstanding runners.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cona
authors.affiliation: Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Annachiara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavazzana
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marcolin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grainer
authors.affiliation: Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia Silvia
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bisiacchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D013997:Time Factors