title: Longitudinal Partial Volume Correction in 2-[18F]-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Alzheimer Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate partial volume correction (PVC) of 2-[F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in Alzheimer disease in a longitudinal context.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 115 participants were included, including 55 controls, 53 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 7 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Imaging was performed at baseline and 24 months. Partial volume corrected vs uncorrected rates of longitudinal change were compared for mesial temporal and cortical regions of interest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Partial volume correction increased apparent uptake, and this effect was greater at 24 months compared with baseline. Partial volume correction decreased the rate of decline, causing an apparent increase in uptake at 24 months compared with baseline. This effect was correlated with the structural atrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that applying PVC in a longitudinal context in Alzheimer disease might produce unpredictable results. Accordingly, both PVC corrected and uncorrected data should be reported to ensure that the results are physiologically plausible.
authors.affiliation: From the *Melbourne Brain Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; †Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; ‡Department of Neuropsychology, Austin Health, Austin, Australia; §Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Austin Hospital, Austin, Australia; ∥Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Departments of ¶Psychiatry and #Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Departments of **Radiology and ††Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and ‡‡The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Charles B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Malpas
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Saling
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velakoulis
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Desmond
authors.forename: Rodney J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.forename: Terence J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: OʼBrien
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18