title: Patch testing to a textile dye mix by the international contact dermatitis research group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Disperse dyes are well-known contact sensitizers not included in the majority of commercially available baseline series.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the outcome of patch testing to a textile dye mix (TDM) consisting of 8 disperse dyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two thousand four hundred ninety-three consecutive dermatitis patients in 9 dermatology clinics were patch tested with a TDM 6.6%, consisting of Disperse (D) Blue 35, D Yellow 3, D Orange 1 and 3, D Red 1 and 17, all 1.0% each, and D Blue 106 and D Blue 124, each 0.3%. 90 reacted positively to the TDM. About 92.2% of the patients allergic to the TDM were also tested with the 8 separate dyes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contact allergy to TDM was found in 3.6% (1.3-18.2) Simultaneous reactivity to p-phenylenediamine was found in 61.1% of the TDM-positive patients. Contact allergy to TDM and not to other p-amino-substituted sensitizers was diagnosed in 1.2%. The most frequent dye allergen in the TDM-positive patients was D Orange 3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over 30% of the TDM allergic patients had been missed if only the international baseline series was tested. Contact allergy to TDM could explain or contribute to dermatitis in over 20% of the patients. Textile dye mix should be considered for inclusion into the international baseline series.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; †Allergy Center and Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Republic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay; ‡Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; §Department of Social Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; ∥Department of Dermatology, National Skin Center, Singapore, Singapore; ¶Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; #MGM Medical College, Kamothe, Mumbai, India; **Department of Dermatology UCSF, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; and ††Division of Dermatology, Mc Gill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Marléne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isaksson
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ale
authors.forename: Klaus E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Diepgen
authors.forename: Chee-Leok
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: An
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goossens R
authors.forename: Hemangi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jerajani
authors.forename: Howard I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Maibach
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sasseville
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bruze
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000009:adverse effects; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010328:Patch Tests; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000009:adverse effects; D013784:Textiles; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D010655:Phenylenediamines; C024957:Dispersion Yellow 3; C071486:disperse blue 35; C556349:Disperse Orange 1; C069318:Disperse Red 1; C069319:Disperse Blue 124; C041259:Disperse Orange 3; C049175:disperse blue 106; C029728:4-phenylenediamine