title: Dynamic modeling of environmental risk associated with drilling discharges to marine sediments.
abstract: Drilling discharges are complex mixtures of base-fluids, chemicals and particulates, and may, after discharge to the marine environment, result in adverse effects on benthic communities. A numerical model was developed to estimate the fate of drilling discharges in the marine environment, and associated environmental risks. Environmental risk from deposited drilling waste in marine sediments is generally caused by four types of stressors: oxygen depletion, toxicity, burial and change of grain size. In order to properly model these stressors, natural burial, biodegradation and bioturbation processes were also included. Diagenetic equations provide the basis for quantifying environmental risk. These equations are solved numerically by an implicit-central differencing scheme. The sediment model described here is, together with a fate and risk model focusing on the water column, implemented in the DREAM and OSCAR models, both available within the Marine Environmental Modeling Workbench (MEMW) at SINTEF in Trondheim, Norway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Technology, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, 7465 Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: durgut@metu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: İsmail
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Durgut
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Technology, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, 7465 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rye
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Technology, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, 7465 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.affiliation: Statoil ASA, 7005 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Mathijs G D
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Technology, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, 7465 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: May Kristin
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ditlevsen
mesh_terms: D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods; D004777:Environment; D019652:Extraction and Processing Industry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009664:Norway; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Diagenetic model; Drilling discharge; Environmental risk; Marine sediment pollution; Mathematical modeling