title: Assessing the validity of two indirect questioning techniques: A Stochastic Lie Detector versus the Crosswise Model.
abstract: Estimates of the prevalence of sensitive attributes obtained through direct questions are prone to being distorted by untruthful responding. Indirect questioning procedures such as the Randomized Response Technique (RRT) aim to control for the influence of social desirability bias. However, even on RRT surveys, some participants may disobey the instructions in an attempt to conceal their true status. In the present study, we experimentally compared the validity of two competing indirect questioning techniques that presumably offer a solution to the problem of nonadherent respondents: the Stochastic Lie Detector and the Crosswise Model. For two sensitive attributes, both techniques met the "more is better" criterion. Their application resulted in higher, and thus presumably more valid, prevalence estimates than a direct question. Only the Crosswise Model, however, adequately estimated the known prevalence of a nonsensitive control attribute.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, Building 23.03, Duesseldorf, 40225, Germany. adrian.hoffmann@hhu.de.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, Building 23.03, Duesseldorf, 40225, Germany.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Musch
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007514:Islam; D008014:Lie Detection / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012928:Social Desirability; D013269:Stochastic Processes; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Crosswise model; Randomized response technique; Social desirability bias; Stochastic lie detector