title: Nanomaterials, Autophagy, and Lupus Disease.
abstract: Nanoscale materials hold great promise in the therapeutic field. In particular, as carriers or vectors, they help bioactive molecules reach their primary targets. Furthermore, by themselves, certain nanomaterials-regarded as protective-can modulate particular metabolic pathways that are deregulated in pathological situations. They can also synergistically improve the effects of a payload drug. These properties are the basis of their appeal. However, nanoscale materials can also have intrinsic properties that limit their use, and this is the case for certain types of nanomaterials that influence autophagy. This property can be beneficial in some pathological settings, but in others, if the autophagic flux is already accelerated, it can be deleterious. This is notably the case for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other chronic inflammatory diseases, including certain neurological diseases. The nanomaterial-autophagy interaction therefore must be treated with caution for therapeutic molecules and peptides that require vectorization for their administration.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR3572 CNRS, 15 rue René Descartes, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bianco
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR3572 CNRS, 15 rue René Descartes, 67000, Strasbourg, France. S.Muller@ibmc-cnrs.unistra.fr.|University of Strasbourg, Institute for Advanced Study, 5 allée du Général Rouvillois, 67083, Strasbourg, France. S.Muller@ibmc-cnrs.unistra.fr.
authors.forename: Sylviane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010455:Peptides
keywords: autoimmune diseases; autophagy; inflammation; lupus; nanostructures