title: Endogenous Endophthalmitis: A 10-Year Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital in South India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to review the clinical profile including predisposing systemic conditions, microorganisms responsible, clinical presentation, and outcomes of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) in South India.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is a retrospective, noncomparative case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study presents a retrospective analysis of records of patients with EE in a 10-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 61 eyes of 58 patients were included in the study. Preceding systemic illness or surgery was noted in 31 patients (53.4%). No predisposing condition was found in 27 patients (46.5%). All eyes had severe diffuse EE. Culture positivity was seen in 34 of 58 patients (58.6%). Gram-positive organisms were isolated in 9 cases (15.5%), and Gram-negative organisms were isolated in 20 cases (34.5%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.8%) was the most common isolate. Eleven eyes (18%) were managed medically with intravenous and intravitreal antibiotics, and 38 eyes (62.3%) also underwent vitrectomy. Eight eyes (13.1%) required repeat vitrectomy, and 12 eyes (19.7%) were eviscerated. The mean follow-up was 16.2 ± 13.9 months. Final visual acuity of 20/200 or better was seen in 29.5% eyes. A favorable outcome was noted in culture-positive patients (P = 0.03) and in patients with no predisposing causes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides information about the clinical and microbiologic profile of EE. Aggressive medical and surgical treatment can result in favorable outcomes.
authors.affiliation: From the Bhagawan Mahavir Department of Vitreoretinal Diseases, Sankara Nethralaya Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Dhanashree
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ratra
authors.forename: Kumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saurabh
authors.forename: Debmalya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Kasinathan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nachiappan
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagpal
authors.forename: Ekta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rishi
authors.forename: Pramod
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhende
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Lingam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gopal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000382:microbiology; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D017234:Eye Evisceration; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents