title: Neurological Complications Related to Elective Orthopedic Surgery: Part 2: Common Hip and Knee Procedures.
abstract: Many anesthesiologists may not be familiar with the rate of surgical neurological complications of the hip and knee procedures for which they are providing local anesthetic-based anesthesia and/or analgesia. Part 2 of this narrative review series on neurological complications of elective orthopedic surgery describes the mechanisms and likelihood of peripheral nerve injury associated with some of the most common hip and knee procedures, including arthroscopic hip and knee surgery and total hip and knee replacement.
  As the popularity of regional anesthesia continues to increase with the development of ultrasound guidance, anesthesiologists should have a thoughtful understanding of the nerves at risk of surgical injury during elective hip and knee procedures.
authors.affiliation: From the *University of Toronto Orthopedic Sports Medicine; †Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Women's College; ‡Mount Sinai Hospital; §University of Toronto; ∥Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto; ¶Department of Anesthesia, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; and #St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dwyer
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drexler
authors.forename: Vincent W S
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Whelan
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brull
mesh_terms: D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000639:trends; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000639:trends; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control