title: Plateau iris in Japanese patients with primary angle closure and primary angle closure glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of plateau iris in Japanese patients with primary angle closure (PAC) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and analyze the biometric parameters in patients with plateau iris using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional observational study, subjects aged >50 years with PAC and PACG who had previously undergone a patent laser peripheral iridotomy underwent UBM in one eye. UBM images were qualitatively analyzed using standardized criteria. Plateau iris in a quadrant was defined by anteriorly directed ciliary body, absent ciliary sulcus, steep iris root from its point of insertion followed by a downward angulation, flat iris plane, and irido-angle contact. At least two quadrants had to fulfill these UBM criteria for an eye to be classified as having plateau iris. A-scan biometry was used to measure anterior segment parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-one subjects with PAC (58 subjects) or PACG (33 subjects) and 68 normal controls were recruited. The mean (standard deviation) ages of PAC and PACG patients and normal controls were 73.5 (6.2) and 72.6 (7.3), respectively. Based on UBM criteria, plateau iris was found in 16 eyes (17.6%) of 91 eyes. In these 16 eyes, quadrant-wise analysis showed ten eyes (62.5%) had plateau iris in two quadrants; four eyes (25%) had plateau iris in three quadrants; and two eyes (12.5%) had plateau iris in four quadrants. Anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, lens position, and relative lens position were not statistically significant between the group having plateau iris and that not having plateau iris, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Approximately 20% of Japanese subjects with PAC and PACG with a patent laser peripheral iridotomy were found to have plateau iris on UBM. No morphological difference was noted in the anterior segment of the eye between those with or without plateau iris.
authors.affiliation: Mizoguchi Eye Clinic, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
authors.affiliation: Ozaki Eye Clinic Miyazaki, Japan ; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Mineo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.affiliation: Mizoguchi Eye Clinic, Nagasaki, Japan ; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wakiyama
authors.affiliation: Mizoguchi Eye Clinic, Nagasaki, Japan ; Nishigaki Eye Clinic, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuchika
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogino
keywords: angle closure; biometric parameters of anterior segment; plateau iris; ultrasound biomicroscopy