title: Ultrasound versus microwave as green processes for extraction of rosmarinic, carnosic and ursolic acids from rosemary.
abstract: Ultrasound and microwave as green processes are investigated in this study, focusing on the extraction selectivity towards antioxidant extraction from rosemary leaves. Due to its richness in valuable compounds such as rosmarinic, carnosic and ursolic acids, rosemary is a reference matrix for extraction study. In this work, six alternative processes are compared: ultrasound (bath, reactor and probe), microwave (reflux under microwave, microwave under nitrogen pressure and microwave under vapor pressure). The main result of this study is that selective extraction can be achieved according to extraction techniques and therefore to the extraction process.
authors.affiliation: Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, UMR408, GREEN Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France; ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Université d'Avignon, F-84000 Avignon Cedex, France; Naturex, 250 rue Pierre Bayle, BP 81218, F-84911 Avignon Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jacotet-Navarro
authors.affiliation: Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, UMR408, GREEN Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France; ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Université d'Avignon, F-84000 Avignon Cedex, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rombaut
authors.affiliation: Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, UMR408, GREEN Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France; ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Université d'Avignon, F-84000 Avignon Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A-S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fabiano-Tixier
authors.affiliation: Naturex, 250 rue Pierre Bayle, BP 81218, F-84911 Avignon Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Danguien
authors.affiliation: ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Université d'Avignon, F-84000 Avignon Cedex, France; Naturex, 250 rue Pierre Bayle, BP 81218, F-84911 Avignon Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bily
authors.affiliation: Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, UMR408, GREEN Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France; ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Université d'Avignon, F-84000 Avignon Cedex, France. Electronic address: farid.chemat@univ-avignon.fr.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chemat
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D053630:Depsides / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D008872:Microwaves; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D013729:Terpenes; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; D000097245:Ursolic Acid; C068623:carnosol; C018381:salvin
keywords: Antioxidants; Conventional extraction; Microwave; Rosemary; Ultrasound