title: Prevalence and Associated Factors of Neurovascular Contact in Patients With Hemifacial Spasm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to observe the prevalence and associated factors of neurovascular contact hemifacial spasm (HFS).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional analytical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of patients with HFS in a neuro-ophthalmology clinic in Thailand between June 2008 and June 2012 were reviewed. A positive magnetic resonance imaging finding was defined as an adjacent variant vessel that directly compressed or placed pressure on the affected facial nerve. Prevalence and associated factors were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 60 participants were enrolled, composed of 12 male patients and 48 female patients with a median age of 54 years [interquartile range (IQR), 44.0-64.75] and a disease duration ranging from 4 months to 16 years (median, 2 years; IQR, 1.0-6.0). The prevalence of neurovascular contact HFS was 41.7%. Neurovascular contact HFS was more prevalent among women, with an overall ratio of 3.33. In age group analysis, the prevalence was higher among older patients. In univariate analysis, right-sided symptoms and diabetes mellitus were statistically significant in their association with neurovascular contact HFS (P = 0.040 and P = 0.029, respectively). Right-sided symptoms were significant in a multiple logistic regression analysis (P = 0.038), with an odds ratio of 3.30 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-10.15]. Diabetes mellitus was not statistically significant (P = 0.051), with an odds ratio of 9.99 (95% CI 0.99-96.34).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of neurovascular contact in patients with HFS was 41.7%. Right-sided symptoms were significantly associated with this condition.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of *Ophthalmology, and †Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Supharat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jariyakosol
authors.forename: Parima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hirunwiwatkul
authors.forename: Sukalaya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lerdlum
authors.forename: Chompunoot
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Phumratprapin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D005155:Facial Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009408:Nerve Compression Syndromes / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology