title: Identification, Characterization, and Three-Dimensional Structure of the Novel Circular Bacteriocin, Enterocin NKR-5-3B, from Enterococcus faecium.
abstract: Enterocin NKR-5-3B, one of the multiple bacteriocins produced by Enterococcus faecium NKR-5-3, is a 64-amino acid novel circular bacteriocin that displays broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Here we report the identification, characterization, and three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance solution structure determination of enterocin NKR-5-3B. Enterocin NKR-5-3B is characterized by four helical segments that enclose a compact hydrophobic core, which together with its circular backbone impart high stability and structural integrity. We also report the corresponding structural gene, enkB, that encodes an 87-amino acid precursor peptide that undergoes a yet to be described enzymatic processing that involves adjacent cleavage and ligation of Leu(24) and Trp(87) to yield the mature (circular) enterocin NKR-5-3B.
authors.affiliation: †Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Himeno
authors.forename: K Johan
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Rosengren
authors.affiliation: †Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: †Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Rodney H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Michelle L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Colgrave
authors.forename: Han Siean
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Lai Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Sónia Troeira
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Henriques
authors.affiliation: †Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: †Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: †Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zendo
authors.affiliation: ⊥Department of Fishery Products, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pongtep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wilaipun
authors.affiliation: †Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: @Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
authors.forename: Vichien
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leelawatcharamas
authors.affiliation: #Department of Functional Metabolic Design, Bio-Architecture Center, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jikuya
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Craik
authors.affiliation: †Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.|#Department of Functional Metabolic Design, Bio-Architecture Center, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sonomoto
mesh_terms: D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D001430:Bacteriocins