title: Polymethoxyflavone Apigenin-Trimethylether Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Nontransformed Porcine Intestinal Cell Line IPEC-J2.
abstract: The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of apigenin and its trimethylated analogue (apigenin-trimethylether) has been investigated in order to evaluate whether these flavonoids could attenuate LPS-induced inflammation in IPEC-J2 non-transformed intestinal epithelial cells. Levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and COX-2 mRNA were measured as a marker of inflammatory response. The extracellular H2O2 level in IPEC-J2 cells was also monitored by Amplex Red assay. Our data revealed that both compounds had significant lowering effect on the inflammatory response. Apigenin (at 25 μM) significantly decreased gene expression of IL-6 in LPS-treated cells, while apigenin-trimethylether in the same concentration did not influence IL-6 mRNA level. Both apigenin and apigenin-trimethylether reduced IL-8 gene expression significantly. TNF-α mRNA level was decreased by apigenin-trimethylether, which was not influenced by apigenin. Treatment with both flavonoids caused significant reduction in the mRNA level of COX-2, but the anti-inflammatory effect of the methylated analogue was more effective than the unmethylated one. Furthermore, both flavonoids reduced significantly the level of extracellular H2O2 compared to the control cells. In conclusion, the methylated apigenin analogue could avoid LPS-induced intestinal inflammation and it could be applied in the future as an effective anti-inflammatory compound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, István utca 2, Budapest 1078, Hungary.
authors.forename: Orsolya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, István utca 2, Budapest 1078, Hungary.
authors.forename: Orsolya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Palócz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, István utca 2, Budapest 1078, Hungary.
authors.forename: Erzsébet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pászti-Gere
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, István utca 2, Budapest 1078, Hungary.
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gálfi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047310:Apigenin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D047310:Apigenin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2