title: A decision support tool for landfill methane generation and gas collection.
abstract: This study presents a decision support tool (DST) to enhance methane generation at individual landfill sites. To date there is no such tool available to provide landfill decision makers with clear and simplified information to evaluate biochemical processes within a landfill site, to assess performance of gas production and to identify potential remedies to any issues. The current lack in understanding stems from the complexity of the landfill waste degradation process. Two scoring sets for landfill gas production performance are calculated with the tool: (1) methane output score which measures the deviation of the actual methane output rate at each site which the prediction generated by the first order decay model LandGEM; and (2) landfill gas indicators' score, which measures the deviation of the landfill gas indicators from their ideal ranges for optimal methane generation conditions. Landfill gas indicators include moisture content, temperature, alkalinity, pH, BOD, COD, BOD/COD ratio, ammonia, chloride, iron and zinc. A total landfill gas indicator score is provided using multi-criteria analysis to calculate the sum of weighted scores for each indicator. The weights for each indicator are calculated using an analytical hierarchical process. The tool is tested against five real scenarios for landfill sites in UK with a range of good, average and poor landfill methane generation over a one year period (2012). An interpretation of the results is given for each scenario and recommendations are highlighted for methane output rate enhancement. Results demonstrate how the tool can help landfill managers and operators to enhance their understanding of methane generation at a site-specific level, track landfill methane generation over time, compare and rank sites, and identify problems areas within a landfill site.
authors.affiliation: School of Energy, Environment and Agrifood, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Harriet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Emkes
authors.affiliation: School of Energy, Environment and Agrifood, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coulon
authors.affiliation: School of Energy, Environment and Agrifood, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom. Electronic address: s.t.wagland@cranfield.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagland
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D056804:Biofuels; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D002712:Chlorides / Q000032:analysis; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis; D008697:Methane / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D006113:United Kingdom; D064091:Waste Disposal Facilities; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D002712:Chlorides; D000641:Ammonia; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc; D008697:Methane
keywords: Landfill assessment; Landfill gas indicators; Methane generation; Multi-criteria analysis; Waste management