title: Rosiglitazone Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Osteopontin Gene Expression in Human Dental Pulp Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rosiglitazone (RSG) is a synthetic full agonist of transcription factor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma. Previous studies have suggested an anti-inflammatory effect of RSG on lipopolysaccharide-induced pulp inflammation. However, its role in other cellular events related to pulp repair has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of RSG on human dental pulp cell viability, proliferation, migration, and osteoblastic/odontoblastic differentiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cell proliferation was evaluated by [3H]-thymidine assay. Cell viability was assessed by a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and by measuring the percentage of apoptotic cells by flow cytometry. Cell migration was estimated by scratch wound healing assay. Mineralization and cell differentiation were evaluated by alizarin red S staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction gene expression assay, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RSG significantly decreased cell proliferation and did not have effect on cell viability, apoptosis/necrosis, or migration. Alizarin red S showed that RSG accelerated calcified nodule formation. Results of real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that RSG upregulated osteopontin expression, whereas expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein-1, and osteocalcin was not affected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that RSG decreases human dental pulp cell proliferation, while positively regulating osteopontin expression.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil. Electronic address: carollourenco@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Caroline Lourenço
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: de Lima
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michella Soares
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Royer
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Augusto Pereira
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel Alvares
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jaqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodrigues da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angélica Amorim
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Amato
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliete
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco de Assis Rocha
authors.initials: Fde A
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Acevedo
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000819:agonists*; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D047495:PPAR gamma; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D053495:Osteopontin
keywords: Dental pulp cells; differentiation; migration; proliferation; rosiglitazone