title: Individual and collective factors predicting change in diet quality over 3 years in a subset of older men and women from the NuAge cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined individual and collective factors as predictors of change in global diet quality (DQ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 373 older adults (57 % female) aged 68-82 years at recruitment (T1) into the NuAge Cohort Study, and followed for three years. Data were collected by questionnaires, physical performance tests and anthropometric measurements. Diet was assessed at T1 and T4 using three non-consecutive 24-h diet recalls (24HR) and DQ (Canadian Healthy Eating Index), and was computed on the means of the 24HR. DQ change over three years was determined as "DQT4-DQT1". Baseline (T1) measures significantly correlated with DQ at T1 were entered into backward stepwise linear regression analyses along with selected theoretical constructs and controlled for baseline DQ to determine predictors of change in DQ over 3 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among men, education (p = .009) and sensations of hunger (p = .01) were positive predictors of DQ change over time, while DQ at T1 (p < .0001), cognition (p = .003) and social network (p = .019) were negative predictors (adjusted R (2) = 30.4 %). Finally, among women, diet knowledge (p = .044) was a positive predictor of DQ change, while DQ at T1 (p < .0001) and social network (p = .033) were negative predictors of DQ change over 3 years (adjusted R (2) = 24.1 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results can inform dietary intervention programmes targeting gender-specific determinants of diet quality in older adults.
authors.affiliation: Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. bryna.shatenstein@umontreal.ca.|Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. bryna.shatenstein@umontreal.ca.|Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary, Montreal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada. bryna.shatenstein@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Bryna
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-4763
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shatenstein
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.|Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gauvin
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences Infirmières, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.|Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.|Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Pierrette
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gaudreau
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giroux
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jabbour
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.|Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement, CIUSSS de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Payette
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002170:Canada; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Cohort; Determinants; Diet quality; Gender differences; Older adults; Predictors