title: Glucose Homeostasis Variables in Pregnancy versus Maternal and Infant Body Composition.
abstract: Intrauterine factors influence infant size and body composition but the mechanisms involved are to a large extent unknown. We studied relationships between the body composition of pregnant women and variables related to their glucose homeostasis, i.e., glucose, HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance), hemoglobin A1c and IGFBP-1 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1), and related these variables to the body composition of their infants. Body composition of 209 women in gestational week 32 and of their healthy, singleton and full-term one-week-old infants was measured using air displacement plethysmography. Glucose homeostasis variables were assessed in gestational week 32. HOMA-IR was positively related to fat mass index and fat mass (r2 = 0.32, p < 0.001) of the women. Maternal glucose and HOMA-IR values were positively (p ≤ 0.006) associated, while IGFBP-1 was negatively (p = 0.001) associated, with infant fat mass. HOMA-IR was positively associated with fat mass of daughters (p < 0.001), but not of sons (p = 0.65) (Sex-interaction: p = 0.042). In conclusion, glucose homeostasis variables of pregnant women are related to their own body composition and to that of their infants. The results suggest that a previously identified relationship between fat mass of mothers and daughters is mediated by maternal insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping SE 581 85, Sweden. pontus.henriksson@liu.se.
authors.forename: Pontus
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Henriksson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, NOVUM, Huddinge SE 141 83, Sweden. marie.lof@ki.se.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Löf
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping SE 581 85, Sweden. elisabet.forsum@liu.se.
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Forsum
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose
keywords: body composition; infant; insulin resistance; pregnancy; sex difference