title: Stereotactic body radiotherapy using CyberKnife for locally advanced unresectable and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of stereotactic body radiotherapy using CyberKnife for locally advanced unresectable and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2010 to May 2014, 25 patients with locally advanced unresectable and metastatic pancreatic cancer underwent stereotactic body radiotherapy. Nine patients presented with unresectable locally advanced disease and 16 had metastatic disease. Primary end-points of this study were overall survival, relief of abdominal pain, and toxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients were treated with a total dose of 30-36 Gy in three fractions and the remainder with 40-48 Gy in four fractions. Median follow-up was 11 mo (range: 2-25 mo). The median survival duration calculated from the time of stereotactic body radiotherapy for the entire group, the locally advanced group, and the metastatic group was 9.0 mo, 13.5 mo, and 8.5 mo, respectively. Overall survival was 37% and 18% at one and two years, respectively. Abdominal pain relief was achieved within 2 wk of completing radiotherapy in the patients who received successful palliation (13 of 20 patients had significant pain). Five patients (20%) had grade 1 nausea, and one (4%) had grade 2 nausea. No acute grade 3+ toxicity was seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stereotactic body radiotherapy using the CyberKnife system is a promising, noninvasive, palliative treatment with acceptable toxicity for locally advanced unresectable and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Ting-Shi Su, Ping Liang, Huan-Zhen Lu, Jian-Ning Liang, Jian-Min Liu, Ying Zhou, Ying-Chuan Gao, Min-Yang Tang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui Kang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Ting-Shi
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Ting-Shi Su, Ping Liang, Huan-Zhen Lu, Jian-Ning Liang, Jian-Min Liu, Ying Zhou, Ying-Chuan Gao, Min-Yang Tang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui Kang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Ting-Shi Su, Ping Liang, Huan-Zhen Lu, Jian-Ning Liang, Jian-Min Liu, Ying Zhou, Ying-Chuan Gao, Min-Yang Tang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui Kang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Huan-Zhen
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Ting-Shi Su, Ping Liang, Huan-Zhen Lu, Jian-Ning Liang, Jian-Min Liu, Ying Zhou, Ying-Chuan Gao, Min-Yang Tang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui Kang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Ning
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Ting-Shi Su, Ping Liang, Huan-Zhen Lu, Jian-Ning Liang, Jian-Min Liu, Ying Zhou, Ying-Chuan Gao, Min-Yang Tang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui Kang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Ting-Shi Su, Ping Liang, Huan-Zhen Lu, Jian-Ning Liang, Jian-Min Liu, Ying Zhou, Ying-Chuan Gao, Min-Yang Tang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui Kang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Ting-Shi Su, Ping Liang, Huan-Zhen Lu, Jian-Ning Liang, Jian-Min Liu, Ying Zhou, Ying-Chuan Gao, Min-Yang Tang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui Kang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Ting-Shi Su, Ping Liang, Huan-Zhen Lu, Jian-Ning Liang, Jian-Min Liu, Ying Zhou, Ying-Chuan Gao, Min-Yang Tang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui Kang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Min-Yang
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018450:Disease Progression; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010166:Palliative Care; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013523:Surgical Equipment; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: CyberKnife; Pancreatic cancer; Stereotactic body radiotherapy