title: Acetic acid in aged vinegar affects molecular targets for thrombus disease management.
abstract: To elucidate the mechanism underlying the action of dietary vinegar on antithrombotic activity, acetic acid, the main acidic component of dietary vinegar, was used to determine antiplatelet and fibrinolytic activity. The results revealed that acetic acid significantly inhibits adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, collagen-, thrombin-, and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. Acetic acid (2.00 mM) reduced AA-induced platelet aggregation to approximately 36.82 ± 1.31%, and vinegar (0.12 mL L(-1)) reduced the platelet aggregation induced by AA to 30.25 ± 1.34%. Further studies revealed that acetic acid exerts its effects by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 and the formation of thromboxane-A2. Organic acids including acetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, and malic acid also showed fibrinolytic activity; specifically, the fibrinolytic activity of acetic acid amounted to 1.866 IU urokinase per mL. Acetic acid exerted its fibrinolytic activity by activating plasminogen during fibrin crossing, thus leading to crosslinked fibrin degradation by the activated plasmin. These results suggest that organic acids in dietary vinegar play important roles in the prevention and cure of cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, China. fanjunfeng@bjfu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yanyan
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Junfeng
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D013917:Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D013917:Thrombin; D019342:Acetic Acid