title: Serum LAMC2 enhances the prognostic value of a multi-parametric panel in non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lacks reliable serological biomarkers for predicting patients' survival and response to treatment. The present study examined the capability of serum LAMC2 and four known tumour markers for disease prognosis and patients' risk stratification.
  
  
  METHODS
  LAMC2, CA 125, CEA, CYFRA 21-1 and SCC levels were retrospectively measured in sera obtained from 127 patients diagnosed with NSCLC by commercial immunoassays. Prognostic performance of the markers was compared with established clinical parameters and multivariate models were constructed to assess the prognostic complementarity of variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LAMC2 showed significant prognostic ability for overall survival (hazards ratio: 1.607, 95% confidence interval: 1.268-2.037, P<0.0001) in the full cohort. LAMC2 and CYFRA 21-1 combination enhanced prognostic models based on common clinical parameters (c-index: 0.81 vs 0.72, P=0.00018), further enabling stratification of patients into clear risk groups. A bootstrap-based cross-validation analysis was supportive of our findings. Combination of LAMC2 and CA 125 showed similar performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our preliminary study proposes LAMC2 as a novel NSCLC prognostic factor. LAMC2 combined with CA 125 and CYFRA 21-1 could aid in clinical prediction of NSCLC patients' overall survival and inform clinical practice. Larger studies are necessary to unravel LAMC2's full potential as a new NSCLC biomarker.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Korbakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dimitromanolakis
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Prassas
authors.affiliation: Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Reckamp
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Blasutig
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada [3] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Diamandis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000097:blood; D007797:Laminin / Q000097:blood*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018394:CA-125 Antigen; D053539:Keratin-19; C400567:LAMC2 protein, human; D007797:Laminin; C102012:antigen CYFRA21.1