title: Sickness presenteeism determines job satisfaction via affective-motivational states.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research on the consequences of sickness presenteeism, or the phenomenon of attending work whilst ill, has focused predominantly on identifying its economic, health, and absenteeism outcomes, in the process neglecting important attitudinal-motivational outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A mediation model of sickness presenteeism as a determinant of job satisfaction via affective-motivational states (specifically engagement with work and addiction to work) is proposed. This model adds to the current literature, by focussing on (i) job satisfaction as an outcome of presenteeism, and (ii) the psychological processes associated with this. It posits sickness presenteeism as psychological absence and work engagement and work addiction as motivational states that originate in that.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online survey on sickness presenteeism, work engagement, work addiction, and job satisfaction was completed by 158 office workers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of bootstrapped mediation analysis with observable variables supported the model. Sickness presenteeism was negatively associated with job satisfaction. This relationship was fully mediated by both engagement with work and addiction to work, explaining a total of 48.07% of the variance in job satisfaction. Despite the small sample, the data provide preliminary support for the model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given that there is currently no available research on the attitudinal consequences of sickness presenteeism, these findings offer promise for advancing theorising in this area.
authors.affiliation: Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom. Electronic address: maria.karanika-murray@ntu.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karanika-Murray
authors.affiliation: Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Halley M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Pontes
authors.affiliation: Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.affiliation: Laval University, Canada.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Biron
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D006801:Humans; D055809:Illness Behavior; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D000069597:Presenteeism / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Job satisfaction; Presenteeism; Psychological presence; Work addiction; Work engagement