title: Implementation and Challenges of Direct Acoustic Dosing into Cell-Based Assays.
abstract: Since the adoption of Labcyte Echo Acoustic Droplet Ejection (ADE) technology by AstraZeneca in 2005, ADE has become the preferred method for compound dosing into both biochemical and cell-based assays across AstraZeneca research and development globally. The initial implementation of Echos and the direct dosing workflow provided AstraZeneca with a unique set of challenges. In this article, we outline how direct Echo dosing has evolved over the past decade in AstraZeneca. We describe the practical challenges of applying ADE technology to 96-well, 384-well, and 1536-well assays and how AstraZeneca developed and applied software and robotic solutions to generate fully automated and effective cell-based assay workflows.
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca PLC, Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK karen.roberts@astrazeneca.com.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca PLC, Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK.
authors.forename: Rowena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Callis
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca, Gatehouse Park, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paunovic
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca PLC, Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK.
authors.forename: Carly
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca PLC, Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca PLC, Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK.
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Turton
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca PLC, Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK.
authors.forename: Graeme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D001669:Biochemical Phenomena; D020811:Biomedical Technology / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003584:Cytological Techniques / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D049674:History, 21st Century; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions
keywords: Echo; acoustic technology; cell assay; dose response