title: Acute Toxicity of Endosulfan to the Non-target Organisms Hyalella curvispina and Cnesterodon decemmaculatus.
abstract: Pesticide consumption in Argentina has steadily increased over the last two decades, while one of these compounds, namely endosulfan, is commonly found in environmental samples. Also the fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus and the amphipod Hyalella curvispina are widely distributed in agricultural areas of southern South America. The aim of the present contribution was therefore to determine the acute toxicity of endosulfan to both organisms, and compare it with species sensitivity distributions (SSD) and measured field concentrations. The 48 h-LC50 (with 95 % confidence limits) were 1.8 (1.6-2.1) µg/L for C. decemmaculatus and 16.4 (15.1-17.7) µg/L for H. curvispina. C. decemmaculatus was more sensitive than 74 % of fish based on the SSD. Endosulfan concentrations in stream water reported in the literature were often higher than the C. decemmaculatus LC50. It may hence be concluded that C. decemmaculatus is a suitable sentinel organism for ecotoxicological risk assessment in South America.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Limnología ''Dr. Raúl. A. Ringuelet'', ILPLA (CONICET-CCT La Plata) - UNLP, Boulevard 120 y 62, 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, hemu@netverk.com.ar.
authors.forename: Hernán
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mugni
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paracampo
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Demetrio
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scalise
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Solís
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fanelli
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonetto
mesh_terms: D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D003532:Cyprinodontiformes; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004726:Endosulfan