title: Antioxidant capacity and chemical profiles of Satureja montana L. Honey: hotrienol and syringyl derivatives as biomarkers.
abstract: The present study is focused on the antioxidant capacity and chemical profiling of eight Croatian Satureja montana L. honey samples. Among the 20 compounds obtained by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and identified by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses, hotrienol was predominant (75.9-81.7%). The honey matrix volatile/semivolatile profile was investigated by ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE) followed by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. The major compounds identified by this latter method were the sinapic-acid derivatives methyl syringate (36.2-72.8%) and syringaldehyde (2.2-43.1%). Direct, targeted HPLC-DAD analyses of the native honey samples revealed the presence of methyl syringate (7.10-39.60 mg/kg) and syringic acid (0.10-1.70 mg/kg). In addition, the total phenolic content of the samples was determined by the FolinCiocalteu assay (311.0-465.9 mg GAE/kg), and the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the DPPH radical-scavenging activity (0.5-1.0 mmol TEAC/kg) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (2.5-5.1 mmol Fe(2+) /kg).
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, N. Tesle 10/V, HR-21000 Split, (phone: +385-21-329434; fax: +385-21-329461). igor@ktf-split.hr.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jerković
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, IT-09124 Cagliari.
authors.forename: Carlo I G
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Tuberoso
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Marko Marulić Polytechnic in Knin, Petra Krešimira IV 30, HR-22300 Knin.
authors.forename: Zvonimir
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Marijanović
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, N. Tesle 10/V, HR-21000 Split, (phone: +385-21-329434; fax: +385-21-329461).
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kranjac
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malenica-Staver
mesh_terms: D000475:Alkenes / Q000032:analysis*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006722:Honey; D031362:Satureja / Q000737:chemistry*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction
chemical_list: D000475:Alkenes; D000975:Antioxidants; D001547:Benzaldehydes; D015415:Biomarkers; D003373:Coumaric Acids; C506133:methyl syringate; C069665:syringaldehyde; D005707:Gallic Acid; C073734:sinapinic acid; C476493:3,7-dimethyl-1,5(E),7-octatrien-3-ol
keywords: Antioxidant activity; GC/MS Analysis; HPLC-DAD Analysis; Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME); Honey; Hotrienol; Methyl syringate; Satureja montana; Syringaldehyde; Syringic acid; Ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE)