title: Inhibitory Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Extracts on HT-29 Colon Cancer Cell Apoptosis Induced by Staphylococcus aureus and Its Alpha-Toxin.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus plays an important role in sepsis, septic shock, pneumonia, and wound infections. Here, we demonstrate that Lactobacillus plantarum extracts inhibited S. aureusinduced cell death of a human epithelial cell line, HT-29. In particular, we have shown that S. aureus-induced cell death was abolished by neutralization of α-toxin, indicating that α-toxin is the major mediator of S. aureus-induced cell death. DNA fragmentation experiment and caspase assay revealed that the S. aureus-induced cell death was apoptosis. L. plantarum extracts inhibited the generation of effector caspase-3 and the initiator caspase-9 in S. aureusor α-toxin-induced cell death. Moreover, expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, was activated in L. plantarum extract-treated cells as compared with the S. aureus- or α-toxintreated only cells. Furthermore, S. aureus-induced apoptosis was efficiently inhibited by lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan of L. plantarum. Together, our results suggest that L. plantarum extracts can inhibit the S. aureus-mediated apoptosis, which is associated with S. aureus spreading, in intestinal epithelial cells, and may provide a new therapeutic reagent to treat bacterial infections.
authors.affiliation: Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea.|RNA Inc., College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hangeun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 210-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Jung
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea.|RNA Inc., College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea.|Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Kyun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006801:Humans; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000378:metabolism*; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013682:Teichoic Acids; C021091:staphylococcal alpha-toxin; C009900:lipoteichoic acid
keywords: Apoptosis; Colon cancer cells; Crude extract; Lactobacillus plantarum; Staphylococcus aureus; α-toxin