title: A new species of Lycengraulis Günther, 1868 (Clupeiformes: Engraulinae) from the Amazon basin, Brazil, with comments on Lycengraulis batesii (Günther, 1868).
abstract: A new species of Lycengraulis from the Amazon basin is described. Lycengraulis figueiredoi can be distinguished from L. grossidens by a short upper maxilla, its posterior margin not reaching the lower maxilla joint (vs. upper maxilla longer, its posterior margin reaching to or a little past of mandible joint). Lycengraulis figueiredoi can be distinguished also from L. poeyi by 26 to 31 anal-fin rays (vs. 21 to 23 anal-fin rays) and by 44 to 46 vertebrae (vs. 42 vertebrae), and from L. batesii by having the anal-fin origin at vertical through base of second to fifth dorsal-fin ray (vs. anal-fin origin at vertical through base of sixth to 10th dorsal-fin ray) and by 17-21 gill rakers on the lower branch of first gill arch (vs. 12-15 gill rakers on the lower branch of first gill arch). The new species occurs in the rio Purus, Negro, Trombetas and Solimões, in the Amazon basin, Brazil.
authors.affiliation: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Avenida Nazaré, 481, 04263-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. loeb.mv@gmail.com
authors.forename: Marina Vianna
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Loeb
authors.forename: Ayda Vera
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Alcântara
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D005399:Fishes / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification* / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity