title: Metal- and Semimetal-Containing Inhibitors of Thioredoxin Reductase as Anticancer Agents.
abstract: The mammalian thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) are a family of selenium-containing pyridine nucleotide disulfide oxidoreductases playing a central role in cellular redox homeostasis and signaling pathways. Recently, these selenoproteins have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for anticancer drug development, often being overexpressed in tumor cells and contributing to drug resistance. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on metal- and semimetal-containing molecules capable of hampering mammalian TrxRs, with an emphasis on compounds reported in the last decade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy. valentina.gandin@unipd.it.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gandin
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. aristi.fernandes@ki.se.
authors.forename: Aristi P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001310:Auranofin / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006051:Aurothioglucose / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010720:Phosphines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D010720:Phosphines; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds; D006051:Aurothioglucose; D001310:Auranofin; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase
keywords: anticancer agents; enzyme inhibitors; metal- and semimetal-based compounds; thioredoxin reductase