title: The Food Contaminant Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol Inhibits the Swallowing Reflex in Anaesthetized Rats.
abstract: Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most abundant mycotoxins found on cereals, is known to be implicated in acute and chronic illnesses in both humans and animals. Among the symptoms, anorexia, reduction of weight gain and decreased nutrition efficiency were described, but the mechanisms underlying these effects on feeding behavior are not yet totally understood. Swallowing is a major motor component of ingestive behavior which allows the propulsion of the alimentary bolus from the mouth to the esophagus. To better understand DON effects on ingestive behaviour, we have studied its effects on rhythmic swallowing in the rat, after intravenous and central administration. Repetitive electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve or of the tractus solitarius, induces rhythmic swallowing that can be recorded using electromyographic electrodes inserted in sublingual muscles. Here we provide the first demonstration that, after intravenous and central administration, DON strongly inhibits the swallowing reflex with a short latency and in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, using c-Fos staining, a strong neuronal activation was observed in the solitary tract nucleus which contains the central pattern generator of swallowing and in the area postrema after DON intravenous injection. Our data show that DON modifies swallowing and interferes with central neuronal networks dedicated to food intake regulation.
authors.affiliation: EA 4674, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie du Système Nerveux Somato-Moteur et Neurovégétatif, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abysique
authors.affiliation: EA 4674, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie du Système Nerveux Somato-Moteur et Neurovégétatif, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; INRA U1189, Département AlimH, St Genès Champanelle, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tardivel
authors.affiliation: EA 4674, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie du Système Nerveux Somato-Moteur et Neurovégétatif, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Denis
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Troadec
authors.affiliation: EA 4674, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie du Système Nerveux Somato-Moteur et Neurovégétatif, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; INRA U1189, Département AlimH, St Genès Champanelle, France.
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Félix
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003679:Deglutition / Q000187:drug effects*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D007823:Laryngeal Nerves / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects*; D017552:Solitary Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol