title: Antimicrobial dihydrobenzofurans and xanthenes from a foliar endophyte of Pinus strobus.
abstract: Foliar fungal endophytes of Pinus strobus (eastern white pine) were collected from different sites across south-eastern New Brunswick, Canada and screened for the production of bioactive metabolites. From one site, two fungal isolates representing a formerly unknown genus and species within the family Massarinaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) were resolved by phylogenetic analysis. These isolates produced crude organic extracts that were active against Microbotryum violaceum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. From these strains, DAOM 242779 and 242780, four dihydrobenzofurans (1-4) and two xanthenes (5-6) were characterized. Structures were elucidated by HRMS, interpretation of NMR spectra and other spectroscopic techniques. All isolated metabolites displayed antimicrobial activity against the biotrophic fungal pathogen M. violaceum and Bacillus subtilis.
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Carleton Institute of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
authors.forename: Susan N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Carleton Institute of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
authors.forename: Tienabe K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Nsiama
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Carleton Institute of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
authors.forename: Allison K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Carleton Institute of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: McMullin
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Carleton Institute of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada. Electronic address: david_miller@carleton.ca.
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D060026:Endophytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009509:New Brunswick; D028223:Pinus / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology; D064210:Secondary Metabolism; D014966:Xanthenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001572:Benzofurans; D014966:Xanthenes
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Dihydrobenzofuran; Endophytic fungi; Fungal metabolite; Massarinaceae; Microbotryum violaceum; Pinus strobus; Xanthene