title: Early Events in Chikungunya Virus Infection-From Virus Cell Binding to Membrane Fusion.
abstract: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a rapidly emerging mosquito-borne alphavirus causing millions of infections in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. CHIKV infection often leads to an acute self-limited febrile illness with debilitating myalgia and arthralgia. A potential long-term complication of CHIKV infection is severe joint pain, which can last for months to years. There are no vaccines or specific therapeutics available to prevent or treat infection. This review describes the critical steps in CHIKV cell entry. We summarize the latest studies on the virus-cell tropism, virus-receptor binding, internalization, membrane fusion and review the molecules and compounds that have been described to interfere with virus cell entry. The aim of the review is to give the reader a state-of-the-art overview on CHIKV cell entry and to provide an outlook on potential new avenues in CHIKV research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. m.k.s.richter@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: Mareike K S
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: van Duijl-Richter
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. t.e.hoornweg@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: Tabitha E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Hoornweg
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. i.a.rodenhuis-zybert@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: Izabela A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Rodenhuis-Zybert
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. jolanda.smit@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: Jolanda M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Smit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D065632:Chikungunya Fever / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D002646:Chikungunya virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism; D053585:Virus Attachment; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D011991:Receptors, Virus
keywords: Chikungunya virus; alphavirus; cell tropism; clathrin; endocytosis; entry; entry inhibitors; fusion; neutralizing antibodies; receptor