title: Quantum dot incorporated Bacillus spore as nanosensor for viral infection.
abstract: In this paper, we report a high-throughput biological method to prepare spore-based monodisperse microparticles (SMMs) and then form the nanocomposites of CdTe quantum dot (QD)-loaded SMMs by utilizing the endogenous functional groups from Bacillus spores. The SMMs and QD-incorporated spore microspheres (QDSMs) were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, zeta potential analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, potentiometric titrations, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy. The thermodynamics of QD/SMM interaction and antigen/QDSM interaction was also investigated by isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC). Fluorescent QDSMs coded either with a single luminescence color or with multiple colors of controlled emission intensity ratios were obtained. Green QDSMs were used as a model system to detect porcine parvovirus antibody in swine sera via flow cytometry, and the results demonstrated a great potential of QDSMs in high-throughput immunoassays. Due to the advantages such as simplicity, low cost, high throughput and eco-friendliness, our developed platform may find wide applications in disease detection, food safety evaluation and environmental assessment.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Xinya
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Zhongfeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Ruihua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Eoon Hye
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: shenhu@ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Shen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: yongganghu@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yonggang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000821:virology*; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation; D028323:Parvovirus, Porcine / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D045663:Quantum Dots; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D019562:Viral Load / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: Bacillus spore; Nanosensor; Porcine parvovirus; Quantum dot-encoded spore microspheres; Spore-based monodisperse microparticles