title: Generation of a panel of high affinity antibodies and development of a biosensor-based immunoassay for the detection of okadaic acid in shellfish.
abstract: Okadaic acid (OA) and its derivatives, DTX-1 and DTX-2, are marine biotoxins associated with diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. Routine monitoring of these toxins relies on the mouse bioassay. However, due to the technical unreliability and animal usage of this bioassay, there is always a need for convenient and reliable alternative assay methods. A panel of monoclonal antibodies against OA was generated and the most suitable was selected for biosensor-based assay development using surface plasmon resonance. The cross reactivity of the selected antibody with DTX-1 was found to be 73%, confirming the antibody suitability for both OA and DTX detection. The OA and derivative assay was designed as an inhibition assay covering the concentrations 1-75 ng/ml, with a sensitivity of 22.4 ng/ml. The assay was highly reproducible and preliminary validation showed no matrix interference from mussel extracts and good recovery of added standard in mussel extracts, with %CV of <9.3%. This assay could provide a useful and convenient screening tool for OA and its derivatives with a comprehensive extraction protocol for shellfish monitoring programmes.
authors.affiliation: Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: marie.leberre@nuigalway.ie.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Berre
authors.affiliation: Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland; Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kilcoyne
authors.affiliation: Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kane
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000915:Antibody Affinity; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D049872:Bivalvia; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019319:Okadaic Acid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D011714:Pyrans / Q000032:analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012758:Shellfish / Q000032:analysis*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D008387:Marine Toxins; D011714:Pyrans; D019319:Okadaic Acid; C051904:dinophysistoxin 1; C076221:dinophysistoxin 2
keywords: Biosensor; DSP; Immunoassay; Monoclonal antibody; Okadaic acid; Shellfish