title: Cholecystokinin receptors regulate sperm protein tyrosine phosphorylation via uptake of HCO3-.
abstract: Cholecystokinin (CCK), a peptide hormone and a neurotransmitter, was detected in mature sperm two decades ago. However, the exact role of CCK and the types of CCK receptors (now termed CCK1 and CCK2) in sperm have not been identified. Here, we find that CCK1 and CCK2 receptors are immunolocalized to the acrosomal region of mature sperm. The antagonist of CCK1 or CCK2 receptor strongly activated the soluble adenylyl cyclase/cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway that drives sperm capacitation-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation in dose- and time-dependent manners. But these actions of stimulation were abolished when sperm were incubated in the medium in the absence of HCO3-. Further investigation demonstrated that the inhibitor of CCK1 or CCK2 receptor could accelerate the uptake of HCO3- and significantly elevate the intracellular pH of sperm. Interestingly, the synthetic octapeptide of CCK (CCK8) showed the same action and mechanism as antagonists of CCK receptors. Moreover, CCK8 and the antagonist of CCK1 or CCK2 receptor were also able to accelerate human sperm capacitation-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation by stimulating the influx of HCO3-. Thus, the present results suggest that CCK and its receptors may regulate sperm capacitation-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation by modulating the uptake of HCO3-.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of ChinaShanghai institute of Planned Parenthood ResearchShanghai, ChinaCollege of Basic MedicalXinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yuchuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of ChinaShanghai institute of Planned Parenthood ResearchShanghai, ChinaCollege of Basic MedicalXinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yanfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ru
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of ChinaShanghai institute of Planned Parenthood ResearchShanghai, ChinaCollege of Basic MedicalXinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Huijuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of ChinaShanghai institute of Planned Parenthood ResearchShanghai, ChinaCollege of Basic MedicalXinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanghai, China State Key Laboratory of Molecular BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of ChinaShanghai institute of Planned Parenthood ResearchShanghai, ChinaCollege of Basic MedicalXinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yanjiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of ChinaShanghai institute of Planned Parenthood ResearchShanghai, ChinaCollege of Basic MedicalXinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of ChinaShanghai institute of Planned Parenthood ResearchShanghai, ChinaCollege of Basic MedicalXinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Halmurat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Upur
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of ChinaShanghai institute of Planned Parenthood ResearchShanghai, ChinaCollege of Basic MedicalXinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanghai, China ylzhang@sibcb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yonglian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000187:drug effects; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects*; D043887:Receptor, Cholecystokinin B / Q000187:drug effects; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin / Q000187:drug effects*; D012844:Sincalide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013075:Sperm Capacitation / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; C511142:Ccl28 protein, mouse; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D043887:Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin; D014443:Tyrosine; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D012844:Sincalide