title: Comparative Analysis of Stress Induced Gene Expression in Caenorhabditis elegans following Exposure to Environmental and Lab Reconstituted Complex Metal Mixture.
abstract: Metals are essential for many physiological processes and are ubiquitously present in the environment. However, high metal concentrations can be harmful to organisms and lead to physiological stress and diseases. The accumulation of transition metals in the environment due to either natural processes or anthropogenic activities such as mining results in the contamination of water and soil environments. The present study used Caenorhabditis elegans to evaluate gene expression as an indicator of physiological response, following exposure to water collected from three different locations downstream of a Swedish mining site and a lab reconstituted metal mixture. Our results indicated that the reconstituted metal mixture exerted a direct stress response in C. elegans whereas the environmental waters elicited either a diminished or abrogated response. This suggests that it is not sufficient to use the biological effects observed from laboratory mixtures to extrapolate the effects observed in complex aquatic environments and apply this to risk assessment and intervention.
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, The Life Science Center-Biology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ranjeet
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, The Life Science Center-Biology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pradhan
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, The Life Science Center-Biology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Faisal Ahmad
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Boliden Mineral AB, Boliden, Sweden.
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lindström
authors.affiliation: Envix Nord AB, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ragnvaldsson
authors.affiliation: ALS Scandinavia AB, Täby, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ivarsson
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, The Life Science Center-Biology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per-Erik
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, The Life Science Center-Biology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jass
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D015870:Gene Expression