title: A Social Network Family-Focused Intervention to Promote Smoking Cessation in Chinese and Vietnamese American Male Smokers: A Feasibility Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Smoking prevalence is high among limited English-proficient Chinese and Vietnamese American men, who are frequently unmotivated to quit and who underutilize smoking cessation resources. This study applied lay health worker outreach to leverage peer and family networks to promote smoking cessation among these men.
  
  
  METHODS
  We integrated qualitative formative research findings and Social Network Theory to develop a social-network family-focused intervention. In a pilot single-group trial, 15 lay health workers recruited 96 dyads (N = 192, 75% Vietnamese) of Chinese or Vietnamese male daily smokers and their family members and delivered the intervention consisting of two small group education sessions and two individual telephone calls over 2 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 42% of smokers were at precontemplation. At 3 months following the initiation of the intervention, 7-day and 30-day point prevalence smoking abstinence rates as reported by smokers and independently corroborated by family members were 30% and 24%, respectively. Utilization of smoking cessation resources (medication, quitline, physician's advice) increased from 2% to 60% (P < .001). Findings showed high acceptability of the intervention as it facilitated learning about tobacco-related health risks and cessation resources, and communications between smokers and their families.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This novel social network family-focused intervention to promote smoking cessation among Chinese and Vietnamese smokers appears to be acceptable, feasible, and potentially efficacious. Findings warrant evaluation of long-term efficacy of the intervention in a larger scale randomized controlled trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Asian American Research Center for Health (ARCH), San Francisco, CA; janice.tsoh@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Janice Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Tsoh
authors.affiliation: Asian American Research Center for Health (ARCH), San Francisco, CA; Department of Anthropology, History, and Social Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA;
authors.forename: Nancy J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.affiliation: Asian American Research Center for Health (ARCH), San Francisco, CA; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA;
authors.forename: Ginny
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gildengorin
authors.affiliation: Asian American Research Center for Health (ARCH), San Francisco, CA; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA;
authors.forename: Ching
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Asian American Research Center for Health (ARCH), San Francisco, CA; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA;
authors.forename: Khanh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Le
authors.affiliation: Southeast Asian Community Center (SEACC), San Francisco, CA;
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Chinese Community Health Resource Center (CCHRC), San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Joanne L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Asian American Research Center for Health (ARCH), San Francisco, CA; Chinese Community Health Resource Center (CCHRC), San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Asian American Research Center for Health (ARCH), San Francisco, CA; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA;
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: McPhee
authors.affiliation: Asian American Research Center for Health (ARCH), San Francisco, CA; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA;
authors.forename: Tung T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D005190:Family; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054526:Men's Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000208:ethnology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012944:Social Support; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States