title: The human urinary exosome as a potential metabolic effector cargo.
abstract: Exosomes are nanovesicles, derived from the endocytic pathway, released by most cell types and found in many body fluids, including urine. A variety of exosomal functions have been reported, including transfer of RNA, cell communication, control of apoptosis and protein lifespan. Exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells can rescue bioenergetics of injured cells. Here the urinary exosome proteome, non-urinary exosome proteome and urinome are compared. A consistent number of identified proteins cluster to metabolic functions. Cytoscape software analysis based on biological processes gene ontology database shows that metabolic pathways such as aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation have a high probability (p ≤ 0.05) of being expressed and therefore functional. A metabolic function appears to be associated with human urinary exosomes, whose relevance experimental studies can assess.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory on Pathophysiology of Uremia Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via V Maggio 39, 16148 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bruschi
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ravera
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santucci
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Candiano
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartolucci
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Calzia
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lavarello
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Inglese
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petretto
authors.forename: Gianmarco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ghiggeri
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Panfoli
mesh_terms: D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D014556:Urine
keywords: FoF1-ATP synthase; exosome; mass spectrometry; oxidative phosphorylation; proteomics; respiratory complexes; urinome