title: Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Mucosal Lichen Planus: A Case-Control Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous reports have demonstrated an association between chronic inflammation with metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular risk factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  As lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of MS, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and obesity in LP patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 79 patients with LP and 79 controls were examined in this case-control study. Both groups were evaluated for the presence of MS, dyslipidemia, obesity and insulin resistance, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein were measured as inflammation markers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MS was significantly higher in the patients with LP than in controls (26.6 vs. 12.7%; P = 0.045). It was also significantly higher in LP patients with mucosal involvement than without (34.5 vs. 8.3%; P = 0.032). Among the MS criteria, mean fasting blood glucose and diastolic blood pressure were also significantly higher in LP patients than in controls (P = 0.012 and P = 0.021, respectively). No significant differences between LP patients and controls were observed with respect to prevalence of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (P = 0.866 and P = 1.000, respectively). However, duration of disease was significantly longer in patients with insulin resistance than in those without (P = 0.034).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patients with LP, particularly those with mucosal involvement, have a higher prevalence of MS, which is associated with a risk for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Artvin State Hospital, 08000, Artvin, Turkey. lb_leyla@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Leyla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baykal
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Deniz Aksu
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Arıca
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Savaş
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yaylı
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Asım
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Örem
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sevgi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahadır
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ece
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Altun
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yaman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides