title: Increased intake of vegetable oil rich in n-6 PUFA enhances allergic symptoms and prevents oral tolerance induction in whey-allergic mice.
abstract: Increased intake of vegetable oils rich in n-6 PUFA, including soyabean oil, has been associated with an increase in allergic disease. The present study aimed to determine the effect of an increasing dose of dietary vegetable oil on allergic outcomes in mice. To study this, mice received a 7 v. 10 % soyabean oil diet before and during oral sensitisation with whey or whey hyperimmune serum transfer. Another group of mice received partial whey hydrolysate (pWH) while being fed the diets before oral sensitisation. The acute allergic skin response, serum Ig level, mouse mast cell protease-1 (mMCP-1) concentration and/or splenic T-cell percentages were determined upon whey challenge. When the diets were provided before and during oral sensitisation, the acute allergic skin response was increased in mice fed the 10 % soyabean oil diet compared with the 7 % soyabean oil diet. Whey IgE and IgG1 levels remained unaltered, whereas mMCP-1 levels increased in mice fed the 10 % soyabean oil diet. Furthermore, allergic symptoms were increased in naive mice fed the 10 % soyabean oil diet and sensitised with whey hyperimmune serum. In addition to enhancing the mast cell response, the 10 % soyabean oil diet increased the percentage of activated Th1 and Th2 cells as well as increased the ratios of Th2:regulatory T cells and Th2:Th1 when compared with the 7 % soyabean oil diet. Oral tolerance induction by pWH was abrogated in mice fed the 10 % soyabean oil diet compared with those fed the 7 % soyabean oil diet during pretreatment with pWH. In conclusion, increased intake of soyabean oil rich in n-6 PUFA suppresses tolerance induction by pWH and enhances the severity of the allergic effector response in whey-allergic mice. Dietary vegetable oils rich in n-6 PUFA may enhance the susceptibility to develop or sustain food allergy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University,Universiteitsweg 99,3584 CGUtrecht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lieke W J
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: van den Elsen
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University,Universiteitsweg 99,3584 CGUtrecht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Betty C A M
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: van Esch
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University,Universiteitsweg 99,3584 CGUtrecht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gemma M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Dingjan
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University,Universiteitsweg 99,3584 CGUtrecht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerard A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University,Universiteitsweg 99,3584 CGUtrecht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garssen
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University,Universiteitsweg 99,3584 CGUtrecht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Linette E M
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Willemsen
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens; D000818:Animals; D053818:Chymases / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000378:metabolism*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D058408:Th1-Th2 Balance / Q000187:drug effects; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D004041:Dietary Fats; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D013024:Soybean Oil; D053818:Chymases; C509230:Mcpt1 protein, mouse
keywords:     n-6 PUFA; Allergic skin response; Cows' milk allergy; Linoleic acid; Oral tolerance; T cells; Vegetable oils