title: The stingless bee species, Scaptotrigona aff. depilis, as a potential indicator of environmental pesticide contamination.
abstract: Neonicotinoids have the potential to enter the diet of pollinators that collect resources from contaminated plants. The species Scaptotrigona aff. depilis (Moure, 1942) can be a useful indicator of the prevalence of these chemicals in the environment. Using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, the authors devised a protocol for neonicotinoid residue extraction and detected the presence of neonicotinoids in the bee bodies. Thus, the authors consider this species to be a potential indicator of environmental contamination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Annelise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Souza Rosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Robbie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: I'Anson Price
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Juliana
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ferreira Caliman
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pereira Queiroz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Betina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Blochtein
authors.affiliation: Embrapa, Brasília, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sílvia Soares Pires
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vera Lucia
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Imperatriz-Fonseca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: Biomonitoring; Environmental toxicology; Imidacloprid; Insecticide; Neonicotinoid