title: Association of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1-ILE105VAL and ACE I/D polymorphisms with ankylosing spondylitis.
abstract: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin. The aim of this study is to clarify the relationships between susceptibility and severity of AS and GST-mu1 (GSTM1), GST-theta1 (GSTT1), GST-pi1 (GSTP1)-Ile105Val and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphisms in AS patients. One hundred thirty-eight AS patients and seventy-one healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels of the AS patients were recorded. The scores of the numeric rating scale (NRS) pain, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Activity Index, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index were calculated. The genotypes distributions and allele frequencies of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1-Ile105Val and ACE I/D polymorphisms were compared between patients and healthy controls. The Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods were used to detect the polymorphisms of ACE I/D, the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes and the GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphism, respectively. There were significantly higher levels of the GSTT1 null and the ACE II genotypes in AS patients compared to those in healthy controls (p = 0.002 and 0.005, respectively). We found significantly higher levels of CRP and the NRS pain scores in the patients with ACE ID or DD genotypes compared to those in the patients with ACE II genotypes (p = 0.005 and 0.035, respectively). The present results showed that genes involved in protection from oxidative stress and ACE gene may influence disease development and course in AS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Çünür, Isparta, Turkey. esraerkol@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Esra Erkol
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: İnal
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Bursa Şevket Yılmaz Education and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Görükmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eroğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Görükmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Solak
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Topak
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tahsin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yakut
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human
keywords: ACE I/D; Disease activity; Disease severity; GSTM1; GSTP1-Ile105Val; GSTT1