title: [Minimal invasive elastic intramedullary nails and external fixation for treatment of comminuted closed fracture of tibia-fibula shaft].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical results of external fixation and AO titanium elastic intramedullary nailing for treatment of tibia-fibula comminuted closed fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2010 to June 2012,58 patients with tibia-fibula comminuted closed fractures were treated with external fixation and AO titanium elastic intramedullary nailing, including 31 males and 27 females with an average age of 38.5 years old ranging from 21 to 57 years old. According to the system of AO Classification, the fractures were classified as type B1 in 9 cases,type B2 in 7 cases, type B3 in 10 cases, type Cl in 14 cases, type C2 in 12 cases,and type C3 in 6 cases. According to the system of Winquist-Hanson,the fractures' comminuted were classified as grade 1 in 23 cases, grade 2 in 17 cases, grade 3 in 12 cases, and grade 4 in 6 cases. According to the system of Johner-Wruhs, clinical results were compared between different type and grade groups by the time of last followed-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 58 patients were followed up with an average time of 6.8 months (ranged from 18 to 36 weeks). All fractures had clinical healing with an average time of 28 weeks (ranged from 24 to 32 weeks). The total rate of good to excellent results was 91.4%. The rate of good to excellent in the group of grade 1 was higher than that of other grades. The complication rates and fracture healing time would increase respectively with higher Winquist-Hanson's grade. The complication rates in the group of type C3 was higher than that of other types, but the rate of good to excellent was lower than that of other types. The complication rates in the group of type B1 was lower than that of other types,but the rate of good to excellent was higher than that of other types.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minimal invasiveusing AO titanium elastic intramedullary nailing combined with external fixation for treatment of tibia-fibula fractures especially for the multiple-segment,long spiral mild-to-moderate comminuted with hidden fracture can get satisfactory reduction and reliable fixation,it conformes to the principle of BO completely, protects the fracture end blood supply,reduces the external fixation time, has less skin soft tissue complications, postoperative function recovered satisfactorily.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wei-kai
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Yi-fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001858:Bone Nails; D001860:Bone Plates; D016267:External Fixators; D005260:Female; D005360:Fibula / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005596:Fractures, Closed / Q000601:surgery*; D018460:Fractures, Comminuted / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013977:Tibia / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult