title: Gene structure variation in segmental duplication block C of human chromosome 7q 11.23 during primate evolution.
abstract: Segmental duplication, or low-copy repeat (LCR) event, occurs during primate evolution and is an important source of genomic diversity, including gain or loss of gene function. The human chromosome 7q 11.23 is related to the William-Beuren syndrome and contains large region-specific LCRs composed of blocks A, B, and C that have different copy numbers in humans and different primates. We analyzed the structure of POM121, NSUN5, FKBP6, and TRIM50 genes in the LCRs of block C. Based on computational analysis, POM121B created by a segmental duplication acquired a new exonic region, whereas NSUN5B (NSUN5C) showed structural variation by integration of HERV-K LTR after duplication from the original NSUN5 gene. The TRIM50 gene originally consists of seven exons, whereas the duplicated TRIM73 and TRIM74 genes present five exons because of homologous recombination-mediated deletion. In addition, independent duplication events of the FKBP6 gene generated two pseudogenes at different genomic locations. In summary, these clustered genes are created by segmental duplication, indicating that they show dynamic evolutionary events, leading to structure variation in the primate genome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; DKU-Theragen Institute for NGS Analysis (DTiNa), Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: TBI, Theragen BiO Institute, TheragenEtex, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-An
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Man Hwan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; DKU-Theragen Institute for NGS Analysis (DTiNa), Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyudong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: khs307@pusan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Heui-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002897:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 / Q000235:genetics*; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005091:Exons; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000235:genetics*; D056916:Segmental Duplications, Genomic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; C115725:FKBP6 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C094157:POM121 protein, human; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D008780:Methyltransferases; C455826:NSUN5 protein, human; C579317:TRIM50 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins
keywords: Chromosome 7q 11.23; FKBP6 gene; NSUN5 gene; POM121 gene; Primate evolution; TRIM50 gene