title: Contrast enema as a guide for senna-based laxatives in managing overflow retentive stool incontinence in pediatrics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Overflow retentive stool incontinence (ORSI) is secondary to constipation and fecal loading. In our study, the dose and duration of senna-based laxatives (SBL) treatment to achieve full defecatory control will be examined for possible correlation with new parameters measured from the initial contrast enema.
  
  
  METHODS
  Initially, an observational study was conducted prospectively on a group of patient with ORSI to define the optimum dose of SBL to achieve full defecatory control with measurement of six parameters in the initial contrast enema (level of colonic dilatation, recto-anal angle, ratio of maximal diameter of dilated colon to last lumbar spine, ratio of maximum diameter of dilated colon to normal descending colon, immediate and after 24-h post-evacuation residual contrast). The result was analyzed statistically to reach a correlation between the radiological data and prescribed dose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over 2 and half years, 72 patients were included in the study; their mean age was 6.3 ± 3.33 years. The mean effective starting dose of SBL was 57 ± 18.13 mg/day and the mean effective ending dose was 75 ± 31.68 mg/day. Time lapsed till full defecatory control ranged from 1 to 16 weeks. Statistical correlation revealed that mean effective ending dose of SBL treatment significantly increased with higher levels of colonic dilatation. A weak positive correlation was found for both the mean effective starting and ending doses with the ratio of maximum colonic diameter to last lumbar spine and descending colonic diameters ratio.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Senna-based laxatives are effective treatment for overflow retentive stool incontinence and their doses can be adjusted initially depending on the analysis of the radiological data.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, ahmedbassiounyarafa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ahmed Bassiuony
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Radwan
authors.forename: Mohammed Soliman
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: El-Debeiky
authors.forename: Sameh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdel-Hay
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003248:Constipation / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D003287:Contrast Media; D004733:Enema; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D054368:Laxatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012676:Senna Extract / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D054368:Laxatives; D012676:Senna Extract