title: Effects of Global Warming on Vibrio Ecology.
abstract: Vibrio-related infections are increasing worldwide both in humans and aquatic animals. Rise in global sea surface temperature (SST), which is approximately 1 °C higher now than 140 years ago and is one of the primary physical impacts of global warming, has been linked to such increases. In this chapter, major known effects of increasing SST on the biology and ecology of vibrios are described. They include the effects on bacterial growth rate, both in the field and in laboratory, culturability, expression of pathogenicity traits, and interactions with aquatic organisms and abiotic surfaces. Special emphasis is given to the effect of ocean warming on Vibrio interactions with zooplankters, which represent one of the most important aquatic reservoirs for these bacteria. The reported findings highlight the biocomplexity of the interactions between vibrios and their natural environment in a climate change scenario, posing the need for interdisciplinary studies to properly understand the connection between ocean warming and persistence and spread of vibrios in sea waters and the epidemiology of the diseases they cause.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vezzulli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pezzati
authors.affiliation: Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology - Microbial Diagnostics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brettar
authors.affiliation: Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology - Microbial Diagnostics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Höfle
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pruzzo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000382:microbiology*; D057232:Global Warming; D006801:Humans; D009659:North Sea; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology; D013696:Temperature; D014733:Vibrio / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014871:Water Microbiology; D015048:Zooplankton / Q000382:microbiology*