title: Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of two platelet-rich gel supernatants in an in vitro system of cartilage inflammation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study, in normal cartilage explants (CEs) challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the temporal effects (at 48 and 96h) of leukocyte- and platelet-rich gel (L-PRG) and pure platelet-rich gel (P-PRG) supernatants on the production and degradation of platelet-associated growth factors (GFs) (platelet-derived GF isoform BB [PDGF-BB] and transforming growth factor beta-1 [TGF-β1]), pro-inflammatory (tumour necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 4 [IL-4] and IL-1 receptor antagonist [IL-1ra]).
  
  
  METHODS
  CEs from six horses were challenged with LPS and cultured for 96h with L-PRG and P-PRG supernatants at concentrations of 25% and 50%, respectively. The CE culture medium was changed every 48h and used for determination, by ELISA, of PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-1ra.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the 25% and 50% PRG supernatants produced a different molecular profile in the culture media, unlike that of the CE challenged with LPS only. 50% L-PRG produced the most sustained release of growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines, although it produced the highest TNF-α release. PDGF-BB was significantly correlated with IL-1ra and TNF-α concentrations, whereas TNF-α was correlated with IL-4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  50% L-PRG supernatant produced a more sustained concentration of growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines than the other hemoderivatives evaluated. This substance could be evaluated in animal models of arthritis or in patients with arthropathies.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No 26-10, Manizales, Colombia.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ríos
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No 26-10, Manizales, Colombia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No 26-10, Manizales, Colombia. Electronic address: carmona@ucaldas.edu.co.
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Carmona
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001792:Blood Platelets; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects; D003470:Culture Media; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005782:Gels; D006736:Horses; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D016207:Cytokines; D005782:Gels; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides
keywords: Cartilage; Cytokines; Growth factors; In vitro system; Lipopolysaccharide; Platelet-rich gel supernatant; Platelet-rich plasma