title: Energetic coupling between plastids and mitochondria drives CO2 assimilation in diatoms.
abstract: Diatoms are one of the most ecologically successful classes of photosynthetic marine eukaryotes in the contemporary oceans. Over the past 30 million years, they have helped to moderate Earth's climate by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, sequestering it via the biological carbon pump and ultimately burying organic carbon in the lithosphere. The proportion of planetary primary production by diatoms in the modern oceans is roughly equivalent to that of terrestrial rainforests. In photosynthesis, the efficient conversion of carbon dioxide into organic matter requires a tight control of the ATP/NADPH ratio which, in other photosynthetic organisms, relies principally on a range of plastid-localized ATP generating processes. Here we show that diatoms regulate ATP/NADPH through extensive energetic exchanges between plastids and mitochondria. This interaction comprises the re-routing of reducing power generated in the plastid towards mitochondria and the import of mitochondrial ATP into the plastid, and is mandatory for optimized carbon fixation and growth. We propose that the process may have contributed to the ecological success of diatoms in the ocean.
authors.affiliation: Génétique et Physiologie des Microalgues, Département des Sciences de la vie and PhytoSYSTEMS, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.|Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Departments of Marine and Coastal Sciences and of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.|Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UMR 7141, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France.|Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bailleul
authors.affiliation: Génétique et Physiologie des Microalgues, Département des Sciences de la vie and PhytoSYSTEMS, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Berne
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Murik
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UMR 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut National Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour le Vivant (iRTSV), CEA Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petroutsos
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prihoda
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Fermentalg SA, F-33500 Libourne, France.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Villanova
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UMR 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut National Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour le Vivant (iRTSV), CEA Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bligny
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UMR 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut National Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour le Vivant (iRTSV), CEA Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flori
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UMR 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut National Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour le Vivant (iRTSV), CEA Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Falconet
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Institut de Biologie et de Technologie de Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krieger-Liszkay
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santabarbara
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UMR 7141, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rappaport
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UMR 7141, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Joliot
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tirichine
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Departments of Marine and Coastal Sciences and of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Falkowski
authors.affiliation: Génétique et Physiologie des Microalgues, Département des Sciences de la vie and PhytoSYSTEMS, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cardol
authors.affiliation: Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bowler
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UMR 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut National Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour le Vivant (iRTSV), CEA Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Finazzi
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D057486:Carbon Cycle; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D017377:Diatoms / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017753:Ecosystem; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018087:Plastids / Q000378:metabolism*; D018892:Proton-Motive Force; D000099188:Alternative Oxidase
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D009249:NADP; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010940:Plant Proteins; D000099188:Alternative Oxidase