title: US characteristics for the prediction of neoplasm in gallbladder polyps 10 mm or larger.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the characteristics of gallbladder polyps 10 mm or larger to predict a neoplasm in US examinations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three patients with gallbladder polyps ≥ 10 mm with follow-up images or pathologic diagnosis were included in the retrospective study. All images and reports were reviewed to determine the imaging characteristics of gallbladder polyps. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate predictors for a neoplastic polyp.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A neoplastic polyp was verified in 12 of 53 patients and the mean size was 13.9 mm. The univariate analysis revealed that adjacent gallbladder wall thickening, larger size (≥15 mm), older age (≥57 years), absence of hyperechoic foci in a polyp, CT visibility, sessile shape, a solitary polyp, and an irregular surface were significant predictors for a neoplastic polyp. In the multivariate analysis, larger size (≥15 mm) was a significant predictor for a neoplastic polyp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A polyp size ≥15 mm was the strongest predictor for a neoplastic polyp with US. The hyperechoic foci in a polyp and CT visibility would be useful indicators for the differentiation of a neoplastic polyp, in addition to the established predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • A polyp size ≥15 mm is the strongest predictor for a neoplastic polyp with US. • Hyperechoic foci in a polyp and CT visibility are new predictors. • The rate of malignancy is low in polyps even 10 mm or larger (15.1 %).
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 158-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Sil
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 158-710, Korea. kyongmd@ewha.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jeong Kyong
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 158-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Yookyung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 158-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Computed tomography; Gallbladder; Gallbladder neoplasms; Polyps; Ultrasound