title: Writing in Richardson variant of progressive supranuclear palsy in comparison to progressive non-fluent aphasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The overlap between progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) is being increasingly recognized. In this paper descriptive writing in patients with Richardson syndrome of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP-RS) is compared to writing samples from patients with PNFA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven patients participated in the study: 17 with the clinical diagnosis of PSP-RS and 10 with PNFA. Untimed written picture description was administered during neuropsychological assessment and subsequently scored by two raters blinded to the clinical diagnosis. Lexical and syntactic content, as well as writing errors (e.g. omission and perseverative errors) were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with PSP-RS both letter and diacritic mark omission errors were very frequent. Micrographia was present in 8 cases (47%) in PSP-RS group and in one case (10%) with PNFA. Perseverative errors did not differentiate between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As omission errors predominate in writing of patients with PSP-RS, writing seems to be compromised mainly because of oculomotor deficits, that may alter visual feedback while writing.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus Podmiot Leczniczy Sp. z o.o., Gdansk, Poland; Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. Electronic address: emiliasitek@gumed.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Emilia J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Sitek
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: ankabarczak@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barczak
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus Podmiot Leczniczy Sp. z o.o., Gdansk, Poland; Speech Therapy Chair, Faculty of Languages, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. Electronic address: klaudia.kluj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Klaudia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kluj-Kozłowska
authors.affiliation: Speech Therapy Chair, Faculty of Languages, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; Neurological Rehabilitation Department, Specialist Hospital in Koscierzyna, Dzierzazno, Poland. Electronic address: marcinkozlowski87@o2.pl.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kozłowski
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus Podmiot Leczniczy Sp. z o.o., Gdansk, Poland. Electronic address: gdansk.ewa@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Narożańska
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus Podmiot Leczniczy Sp. z o.o., Gdansk, Poland; Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. Electronic address: konkel1989@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konkel
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus Podmiot Leczniczy Sp. z o.o., Gdansk, Poland. Electronic address: magdakobierowska@o2.pl.
authors.forename: Magda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dąbrowska
authors.affiliation: Neurodegenerative Disorders Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: barcikowska@data.home.pl.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barcikowska
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus Podmiot Leczniczy Sp. z o.o., Gdansk, Poland; Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. Electronic address: jaroslawek@gumed.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sławek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000381:Agraphia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057178:Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013494:Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Agraphia; Primary progressive aphasia; Progressive supranuclear palsy; Writing