title: Relapsing Polychondritis Presenting with Meningoencephalitis and Dementia: Correlation with Neuroimaging and Clinical Features.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare systemic autoimmune disease affecting cartilaginous and non-cartilaginous structures. Neurological involvement is rarer but results in profound disability. Early identification and treatment of underlying RP may promote neurological recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We illustrated a 53-year-old man diagnosed with dementia. Neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid studies disclosed meningoencephalitis. "Prominent ear sign" was evident on diffusion-weight magnetic resonance imaging. After glucocortisone administration, the improvement of clinical manifestations was closely correlated subsequent neuroimaging findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The importance of better understanding of this disease in terms of the prevention of further tissue damage in patients with RP cannot be overemphasized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mackay Memorial Hospital.
authors.forename: Yung-Pin
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Mackay Memorial Hospital.
authors.forename: Tien-Ling
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mackay Memorial Hospital.
authors.forename: Pei-Hao
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mackay Memorial Hospital.
authors.forename: Shih-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008590:Meningoencephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011081:Polychondritis, Relapsing / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon