title: Clinical Implications of iNOS Levels in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Responding to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.
abstract: Triple-negative breast cancer is a high-risk breast cancer with poor survival rate. To date, there is a lack of targeted therapy for this type of cancer. One unique phenomenon is that inflammatory breast cancer is frequently triple negative. However, it is still ambiguous how inflammation influences triple-negative breast cancer growth and responding to chemotherapy. Herein, we investigated the levels of inflammation-associated enzyme, iNOS, in 20 triple-negative breast cancer patients' tumors, and examined its correlation with patients' responses to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Our studies showed that triple-negative breast cancer patients with attenuated iNOS levels in tumor cells after treatment showed better responses to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy than other triple-negative breast cancer patients. Our further in vitro studies confirmed that induction of proper levels of NO increased the resistance to cisplatin in triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. Our data suggest that aberrant high level of iNOS/NO are associated with less effectiveness of platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer. Therefore, we propose to monitor iNOS levels as a new predictor for triple-negative breast cancer patient's response to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Moreover, iNOS/NO is considered as a potential target for combination therapy with platinum drugs for triple-negative breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Zining
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Wenqian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Shouliang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Xuhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Guanglei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Yizhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Zhan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D002945:Cisplatin