title: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Increases Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function in INS-1 Rat Insulinoma Cells.
abstract: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut-derived incretin hormone that increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. Since mitochondrial function is crucial to insulin secretion, we hypothesized that GLP-1 may increase mitochondrial biogenesis in pancreatic β-cells. We treated INS-1 rat insulinoma cells with GLP-1 or exendin-4 for 48 hours and measured mitochondrial mass and function. Both GLP-1 and exendin-4 increased mitochondrial mass by approximately 20%. The mitochondria/cytosol ratio was increased from 7.60±3.12% to 10.53±2.70% by exendin-4. In addition, GLP-1 increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption. Proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α expression was increased approximately 2-fold by GLP-1 treatment. In conclusion, the present study presents evidence for a new mechanism of action by which GLP-1 improves pancreatic β-cell function via enhanced mitochondrial mass and performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Yeon
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Jung
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ymchomd@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cho
keywords: Beta cell; Diabetes mellitus; Glucagon-like peptide-1; Insulin; Mitochondria