title: Radiological Findings of Prostatic Arterial Anatomy for Prostatic Arterial Embolization: Preliminary Study in 55 Chinese Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prostatic arterial supply using Cone-beam computed tomography (CT) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) before prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective study from January 2012 to January 2014, 55 male patients (110 hemipelves) with BPH who underwent PAE were evaluated by Cone-beam CT in addition to pelvic DSA during embolization planning. Each hemipelvis was evaluated regarding the number of prostatic arteries (PA) and their origins, diameters, territorial perfusion, and anastomoses with adjacent arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 114 PAs were identified in 110 hemipelves. There was one PA in 96.4% of the hemipelves (n=106), and two independent PAs in the other 3.6% (n=4). The PA was found to originate from the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery in 39.5% of cases (n=45) , from the superior vesical artery in 32.6% (n=37), and from the internal pudendal artery in 27.9% of cases (n=32). Extra-prostatic anastomoses between PA and adjacent arteries were found in 39.1% of hemipelves (n=43). Intra-prostatic anastomoses between PAs and contra-lateral prostatic branches were found in 61.8% of hemipelves (n=68). In 67.3% of our study population (n=37), the prostate was dominantly supplied via a unilateral PA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prostatic vascularization is complex with frequent anatomic variations. Knowledge of the vascular anatomy of the prostate may provide indications for planning PAE and avoiding nontarget embolization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Maoqiang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jieyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhongfei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies