title: Coinfection with Clostridium piliforme and Felid herpesvirus 1 in a kitten.
abstract: A 1-month-old Domestic Shorthair kitten was submitted for autopsy, with a history of upper respiratory tract infection and diarrhea. This was the third kitten from the same litter that had died with similar clinical findings within a period of 1 month. Severe conjunctivitis, rhinitis, tracheitis, and bronchointerstitial pneumonia were present, together with lymphohistiocytic colitis. Respiratory lesions were caused by infection with Felid herpesvirus 1. Colonic lesions were associated with the presence of long filamentous bacteria, identified as Clostridium piliforme, in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. Our report describes a case of concurrent C. piliforme infection (Tyzzer's disease) and feline rhinotracheitis in a kitten.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy College, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil (Neto)California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino, CA (Uzal, Carvallo)Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA (Hodzic)Electron Microscopy section, California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis, CA (Persiani)College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA (Jolissaint, Alcaraz).
authors.forename: Rachel T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy College, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil (Neto)California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino, CA (Uzal, Carvallo)Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA (Hodzic)Electron Microscopy section, California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis, CA (Persiani)College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA (Jolissaint, Alcaraz).
authors.forename: Francisco A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Uzal
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy College, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil (Neto)California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino, CA (Uzal, Carvallo)Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA (Hodzic)Electron Microscopy section, California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis, CA (Persiani)College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA (Jolissaint, Alcaraz).
authors.forename: Emir
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hodzic
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy College, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil (Neto)California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino, CA (Uzal, Carvallo)Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA (Hodzic)Electron Microscopy section, California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis, CA (Persiani)College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA (Jolissaint, Alcaraz).
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Persiani
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy College, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil (Neto)California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino, CA (Uzal, Carvallo)Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA (Hodzic)Electron Microscopy section, California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis, CA (Persiani)College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA (Jolissaint, Alcaraz).
authors.forename: Shazia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jolissaint
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy College, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil (Neto)California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino, CA (Uzal, Carvallo)Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA (Hodzic)Electron Microscopy section, California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis, CA (Persiani)College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA (Jolissaint, Alcaraz).
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alcaraz
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy College, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil (Neto)California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino, CA (Uzal, Carvallo)Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA (Hodzic)Electron Microscopy section, California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis, CA (Persiani)College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA (Jolissaint, Alcaraz) fcarvallo@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Francisco R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Carvallo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D002415:Cats; D003013:Clostridium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Colitis; Tyzzer’s disease; feline; rhinotracheitis