title: Gender differences in prognostic factors for oral cancer.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess gender differences in prognostic factors among patients treated surgically for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The medical records of 477 eligible patients (345 males, 132 females) obtained from the Brazilian Cancer Institute were reviewed. Survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression models were used to obtain adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for males and females. Multivariate analysis showed that past tobacco use (aHR 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1-0.7) and regional metastasis (aHR 2.3, 95% CI 1.5-3.5) in males, and regional metastasis (aHR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2-4.3), distant metastasis (aHR 6.7, 95% CI 1.3-32.7), and hard palate tumours (aHR 11.8, 95% CI 3.3-47.7) in females, were associated with a higher risk of death. There were no differences in survival between males and females. Regional metastasis was found to be a negative prognostic factor in OSCC for both genders. Past tobacco use was an independent prognostic factor for worse survival among males, while distant metastasis and hard palate tumours were independent prognostic factors for worse survival among females. Further studies are necessary to corroborate the relationships found in this study.
authors.affiliation: Pathology Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Honorato
authors.affiliation: Information Division, Brazilian Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rebelo
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Brazilian Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Dentistry School of Nova Friburgo, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Camisasca
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Brazilian Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Social Medicine Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Azevedo e Silva
authors.affiliation: Pathology Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: silourenco@br.inter.net.
authors.forename: S Q C
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Lourenço
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis
keywords: epidemiology; gender distribution; oral cavity; squamous cell carcinoma; survival analysis