title: Geographic structure evidenced in the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum Litaker (A. catenella - group IV (Whedon & Kofoid) Balech) along Japanese and Chinese coastal waters.
abstract: The intra-specific diversity and genetic structure within the Alexandrium pacificum Litaker (A. catenella - Group IV) populations along the Temperate Asian coasts, were studied among individuals isolated from Japan to China. The UPGMA dendrogram and FCA revealed the existence of 3 clusters. Assignment analysis suggested the occurrence of gene flows between the Japanese Pacific coast (cluster-1) and the Chinese Zhejiang coast (cluster-2). Human transportations are suspected to explain the lack of genetic difference between several pairs of distant Japanese samples, hardly explained by a natural dispersal mechanism. The genetic isolation of the population established in the Sea of Japan (cluster-3) suggested the existence of a strong ecological and geographical barrier. Along the Pacific coasts, the South-North current allows limited exchanges between Chinese and Japanese populations. The relationships between Temperate Asian and Mediterranean individuals suggested different scenario of large-scale dispersal mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Research Center for Environmental Conservation, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan; Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 UM-CNRS-IRD, Université de Montpellier, cc 065, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Genovesi
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 UM-CNRS-IRD, Université de Montpellier, cc 065, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berrebi
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Research Center for Environmental Conservation, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan; National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Aquatic Genomics Research Center, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Research Center for Environmental Conservation, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan; Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 UM-CNRS-IRD, Université de Montpellier, cc 065, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reynaud
authors.affiliation: East China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, Dong Tang Road 630, Shanghai 200137, PR China.
authors.forename: Jinhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: UMR MARBEC 9190 IRD-Ifremer-UM-CNRS, Université de Montpellier, cc93, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. Electronic address: estelle.masseret@univ-montp2.fr.
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masseret
mesh_terms: D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000235:genetics; D002681:China; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000235:genetics*; D051456:Gene Flow; D005828:Genetics, Population; D058865:Introduced Species; D007564:Japan; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats
keywords: Alexandrium pacificum (A. catenella – group IV); Harmful algal blooms; Invasive species distribution; Microsatellites markers; Temperate Asian coasts; Toxic dinoflagellate