title: The Role of Surfactant Therapy in Nonrespiratory Distress Syndrome Conditions in Neonates.
abstract: While treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) with surfactant in premature neonates is well established, evidence for its use in non-RDS conditions, especially in the term neonate, has been less abundant. The last published review on a PubMed search was in 2001. In this review, we comprehensively and critically evaluated the evidence from the literature regarding the use of surfactant in specific non-RDS disorders in neonates. Surfactant administered as a bolus should be considered in the treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome with progressive respiratory failure. While controversial in congenital diaphragmatic hernia, it should be considered in Group B streptococcal pneumonia. As evidence evolves, we anticipate the broader application and more routine use of surfactant therapy for respiratory failure because of causes other than RDS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Amaris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keiser
authors.affiliation: Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Vineet
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bhandari
mesh_terms: D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008471:Meconium Aspiration Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D011023:Pneumonia, Staphylococcal / Q000150:complications*; D011654:Pulmonary Edema; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000628:therapy; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D047929:Term Birth
chemical_list: D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants