title: Ultrasonic-accelerated rapid protocol for the improved synthesis of pyrazoles.
abstract: A simple, catalyst-free, green synthetic protocol is described for the one-pot synthesis of pyrazoles via multicomponent reaction of aromatic aldehydes, hydrazine monohydrate and ethyl acetoacetate and malononitrile/ammonium acetate in water under ultrasound irradiation. This protocol avoids traditional chromatography and purification steps and it affords highly selective conversion with no byproducts.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban 4000, South Africa.
authors.forename: Nhlanhla Gracious
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Shabalala
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban 4000, South Africa.
authors.forename: Ramakanth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pagadala
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban 4000, South Africa. Electronic address: jonnalagaddas@ukzn.ac.za.
authors.forename: Sreekantha B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Jonnalagadda
keywords: Multicomponent reaction (MCR); One-pot synthesis; Pyrazole derivatives; Ultrasound; Water as solvent