title: Changes in Plasma Lipids during Exposure to Total Sleep Deprivation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of sleep loss on plasma lipids, which play an important role in energy homeostasis and signaling, have not been systematically examined. Our aim was to identify lipid species in plasma that increase or decrease reliably during exposure to total sleep deprivation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty individuals underwent sleep deprivation in a laboratory setting. Blood was drawn every 4 h and mass spectrometry techniques were used to analyze concentrations of 263 lipid species in plasma, including glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterols.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chronobiology and Sleep Laboratory, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy ethnic-Chinese males aged 21-28 y (n = 20).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were kept awake for 40 consecutive hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each metabolite time series was modeled as a sum of sinusoidal (circadian) and linear components, and we assessed whether the slope of the linear component differed from zero. More than a third of all individually analyzed lipid profiles exhibited a circadian rhythm and/or a linear change in concentration during sleep deprivation. Twenty-five lipid species showed a linear and predominantly unidirectional trend in concentration levels that was consistent across participants. Choline plasmalogen levels decreased, whereas several phosphatidylcholine (PC) species and triacylglycerides (TAG) carrying polyunsaturated fatty acids increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decrease in choline plasmalogen levels during sleep deprivation is consistent with prior work demonstrating that these lipids are susceptible to degradation by oxidative stress. The increase in phosphatidylcholines and triacylglycerides suggests that sleep loss might modulate lipid metabolism, which has potential implications for metabolic health in individuals who do not achieve adequate sleep.
authors.affiliation: Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
authors.forename: Eric Chern-Pin
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.|Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Guanghou
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shui
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Amaury
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cazenave-Gassiot
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Markus R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Wenk
authors.affiliation: Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.|Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Joshua J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gooley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000097:blood; D010955:Plasmalogens / Q000097:blood; D012890:Sleep; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014851:Wakefulness; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010955:Plasmalogens; D014280:Triglycerides; C032459:choline plasmalogens
keywords: circadian; lipids; metabolism; sleep deprivation