title: Autophagy in ethanol-exposed liver disease.
abstract: Ethanol metabolism in hepatocytes causes the generation of reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress and alterations in mitochondrial energy and REDOX metabolism. In ethanol-exposed liver disease, autophagy not only acts as a cleanser to remove damaged organelles and cytosolic components, but also selectively clears specific targets such as lipid droplets and damaged mitochondria. Moreover, ethanol appears to play a role in protecting hepatocytes from apoptosis at certain concentrations. This article describes the evidence, function and potential mechanism of autophagy in ethanol-exposed liver disease and the controversy surrounding the effects of ethanol on autophagy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Li-Ren
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Gui-Qi
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ke-Qing
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Braddock
authors.forename: Ming-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006519:Hepatitis, Alcoholic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; C477012:MAP1LC3A protein, human; C480860:Map1lc3b protein, mouse; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: ethanol-induced autophagy; hepatocyte; liver disease; selective autophagy