title: Highly sensitive copper fiber-in-tube solid-phase microextraction for online selective analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: A fiber-in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device was developed with copper wire and copper tube, which was served as both the substrate and sorbent with high physical strength and good flexibility. Its morphology and surface properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. It was coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipment by replacing the sample loop of six-port injection valve, building the online SPME-HPLC system conveniently. Using ten polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as model analytes, extraction conditions including sampling rate, extraction time, organic content and desorption time were investigated and optimized. The copper fiber-in-tube exhibits excellent extraction efficiency toward PAHs, with enrichment factors from 268 to 2497. The established online SPME-HPLC method provides good linearity (0.05-100μgL(-1)) and low detection limits (0.001-0.01μgL(-1)) for PAHs. It has been used to determine PAHs in water samples, with recoveries in the range of 86.2-115%. Repeatability on the same extraction tube is in the range of 0.6-3.6%, and repeatability among three tubes is in the range of 5.6-20.1%. Compared with phthalates, anilines and phenols, the copper fiber-in-tube possesses good extraction selectivity for PAHs. The extraction mechanism is probably related to hydrophobic interaction and π-electron-metal interaction.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China. Electronic address: chm_fengjuanjuan@ujn.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Chuannan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003300:Copper; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; C032279:phthalic acid; D003300:Copper
keywords: Copper; Fiber-in-tube; High performance liquid chromatography; Online analysis; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Solid-phase microextraction