title: Effect of Positioning and Early Ambulation on Coronary Angiography Complications: a Randomized Clinical Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After coronary angiography to prevent potential complications, patients are restricted to 4-24 hours bed rest in the supine position due to the complications. This study was designed to assess the effect of changing position and early ambulation on low back pain, urinary retention, bleeding and hematoma after cardiac catheterization.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this clinical trial, 140 patients by using a convenience sampling randomly divided into four 35-individual groups. The patients in the control group were in the supine position for 6 hours without a movement. Change position was applied to the second group (based on a specific protocol), early ambulation was applied to the third group and both early ambulation and change position were applied to the fourth group. Then, severity of bleeding, hematoma, back pain and urinary retention were measured at zero, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after angiography. The data was collected through an individual data questionnaire, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of pain and Kristin Swain's check list was applied to evaluate the severity of bleeding and hematoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of patients developed vascular complications. Incidence of urinary retention was higher in the control group, although this difference was not significant. The mean of pain intensity in the fourth and sixth hours showed a significant difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the findings of this study, changing patients' position can be safe and they can be ambulated early after angiography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali Akbar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abdollahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahzad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehranfard
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Behnampour
authors.affiliation: Department of Angiography, Ganjavian Hospital, Dezful, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdol Mohamad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kordnejad
keywords: Angiography; Complications; Coronary; Early ambulation; Patient positioning