title: Adverse Effects Associated With Newer Diabetes Therapies.
abstract: The increasing number of newer type 2 diabetes therapies has allowed providers an increased armamentarium for the optimal management of patients with diabetes. In fact, these newer agents have unique benefits in the management of type 2 diabetes. However, they are also associated with certain adverse effects. This review article aims to describe the notable adverse effects of these newer antidiabetic therapies including the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. The adverse effects reviewed herein include pancreatitis, medullary thyroid carcinoma, heart failure, gastrointestinal disturbances, renal impairment, and genitourinary infections. More clinical data are necessary to solidify the association of some of these adverse effects with the newer diabetes agents. However, it is important for health care practitioners to be well informed and prepared to properly monitor patients for these adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Sciences, Howard University College of Pharmacy, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Oluwaranti F
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Akiyode
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Pharmacy, Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Adebola A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adesoye
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C089180:SLC5A2 protein, human; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
keywords: adverse effects; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists; new antidiabetic agents; sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors