title: Lifestyle-Related Factors Contributing to Decline in Knee Extension Strength among Elderly Women: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Cohort Study.
abstract: This cross-sectional and 4-year longitudinal cohort study aimed to clarify how various lifestyle-related variables affect knee extension strength in elderly Japanese women. The participants were community-dwelling women (n = 575) living in the Itabashi Ward of Tokyo, Japan aged 75-85 years at baseline (in 2008) who returned for a follow-up examination 4 years later (in 2012). Maximum isometric knee extension strength in the dominant leg was measured during comprehensive medical check-ups at baseline and follow-up. Interviews with participants included questions on their history of 11 diseases and lifestyle-related factors such as physical activity as well as dietary, smoking, and drinking habits. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses yielded inconsistent results regarding the associations between lifestyle-related factors and knee extension strength. While going out more frequently and regular physical exercise positively affected baseline knee extension strength, they did not affect knee extension strength in the longitudinal analysis. The longitudinal analysis revealed that more frequent intake of soy products or green and yellow vegetables at baseline decreased age-related knee extension strength decline. The inconsistent results from the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses indicate that conducting both types of analyses is crucial for researching this type of subject. The present study demonstrates that the age-related decline in muscle strength is lower in those who frequently eat soy products or green and yellow vegetables. Thus, recommending higher intake of soy products, and green and yellow vegetables for the elderly might help maintain their muscle health.
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Narumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Miji
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Obuchi
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35 Gengo, Morioka-machi, Obu-shi, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35 Gengo, Morioka-machi, Obu-shi, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hunkyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007717:Knee / Q000502:physiology*; D008019:Life Style; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors