title: Standards for plant synthetic biology: a common syntax for exchange of DNA parts.
abstract: Inventors in the field of mechanical and electronic engineering can access multitudes of components and, thanks to standardization, parts from different manufacturers can be used in combination with each other. The introduction of BioBrick standards for the assembly of characterized DNA sequences was a landmark in microbial engineering, shaping the field of synthetic biology. Here, we describe a standard for Type IIS restriction endonuclease-mediated assembly, defining a common syntax of 12 fusion sites to enable the facile assembly of eukaryotic transcriptional units. This standard has been developed and agreed by representatives and leaders of the international plant science and synthetic biology communities, including inventors, developers and adopters of Type IIS cloning methods. Our vision is of an extensive catalogue of standardized, characterized DNA parts that will accelerate plant bioengineering.
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.|OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Nicola J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Patron
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avda Tarongers SN, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Orzaez
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
authors.forename: Sylvestre
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marillonnet
authors.affiliation: Plant Biotechnology and Metabolic Engineering, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, Darmstadt 64287, Germany.
authors.forename: Heribert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Warzecha
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matthewman
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Youles
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.|OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Raitskin
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Aymeric
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authors.lastname: Leveau
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Gemma
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authors.lastname: Farré
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK.
authors.forename: Julian
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authors.lastname: Hibberd
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK.
authors.forename: Alex A R
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The Sainsbury Laboratory, Cambridge University, Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Locke
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The Sainsbury Laboratory, Cambridge University, Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK.
authors.forename: Sebastian
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authors.lastname: Schornack
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK.
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authors.lastname: Ajioka
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Baulcombe
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.
authors.forename: Cyril
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authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.
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authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.
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authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.
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authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.
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authors.lastname: Robatzek
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7RG, UK.
authors.forename: H Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Van Esse
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Dale
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authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Giles
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authors.lastname: Oldroyd
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Cathie
authors.initials: C
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authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Field
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Brande
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wulff
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Ben
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authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
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authors.lastname: Breakspear
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
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authors.lastname: Radhakrishnan
authors.affiliation: The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Pierre-Marc
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Delaux
authors.affiliation: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.|Joint BioEnergy Institute, EmeryStation East, 5885 Hollis St, 4th Floor, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA.
authors.forename: Dominique
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authors.lastname: Loqué
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avda Tarongers SN, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
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authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
authors.forename: Alain
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authors.affiliation: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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authors.affiliation: The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO 63132, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Brutnell
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
authors.forename: W Paul
authors.initials: WP
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authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo 02044, Finland.
authors.forename: Heiko
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authors.lastname: Rischer
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, TW20 0EX, UK.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Asaph
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authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
authors.forename: Christine
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authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, ARS 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology and Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
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authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Björn R
authors.initials: BR
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authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.
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authors.affiliation: Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre and School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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authors.affiliation: Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre and School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Katherine
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authors.lastname: Denby
authors.affiliation: BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK.
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authors.initials: KJ
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authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|The John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osbourn
authors.affiliation: OpenPlant Consortium: The University of Cambridge, The John Innes Centre and The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.|Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK.
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mesh_terms: D001901:Botany; D003001:Cloning, Molecular / Q000379:methods*; D004247:DNA; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000378:metabolism; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000235:genetics; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D010957:Plasmids; D012015:Reference Standards; D058615:Synthetic Biology / Q000379:methods*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific
keywords: DNA assembly; GoldenGate; Type IIS restriction endonucleases; cloning; genetic syntax; synthetic biology