title: Neonatal adiposity increases the risk of atopic dermatitis during the first year of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Early nutrition and adiposity have been linked to atopic dermatitis (AD) development.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to describe risk factors for AD in the first year of life in infants participating in the Cork BASELINE birth cohort study (n = 1537).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective data on early-life events, infant feeding, and nutritional and environmental exposures were collected at 15 weeks' gestation, birth, and 2, 6, and 12 months of age. Body composition was assessed by using air displacement plethysmography at day 2 and 2 months. The primary outcome, persistent AD, was determined if the U.K. Working Party Diagnostic Criteria were satisfied at both 6 and 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 6 and 12 months, the point prevalence of AD was 14.2% (99% CI, 10.5% to 17.8%) and 13.7% (99% CI, 10.3% to 17.6%), respectively; 7.5% (99% CI, 5.0% to 9.9%) of infants had AD at both 6 and 12 months of age. At hospital discharge, 35% of infants were exclusively breast-fed, decreasing to 14% by 2 months. Complementary feeding was commenced at a median of 19 weeks (interquartile range, 17-22 weeks; 19% at <17 weeks and 6% at ≥26 weeks). Median fat mass at day 2 was 0.35 kg (interquartile range, 0.25-0.48 kg). A parental history of atopic disease was self-reported by 43% of mothers and 34% of fathers. Risk factors for AD at 6 and 12 months were maternal atopy (adjusted odds ratio, 2.99; 99% CI, 1.35-6.59; P = .0004) and fat mass of the 80th percentile or greater at day 2 (adjusted odds ratio, 2.31; 99% CI, 1.02-2.25; P = .009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of neonatal adiposity as a predictor of AD at 6 and 12 months of age in a well-characterized atopic disease-specific birth cohort.
authors.affiliation: Vitamin D Research Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Sinéad M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: O'Donovan
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'B Hourihane
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Deirdre M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.affiliation: Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Louise C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.affiliation: Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Ali S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Khashan
authors.affiliation: Vitamin D Research Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Carol Ní
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Chaoimh
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Alan D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Irvine
authors.affiliation: Vitamin D Research Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: m.kiely@ucc.ie.
authors.forename: Mairead
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiely
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Atopic dermatitis; body composition; eczema; infant; infant feeding; vitamin D