title: Cytotoxicity Induced by Extracts of Pisolithus tinctorius Spores on Human Cancer and Normal Cell Lines-Evaluation of the Anticancer Potential.
abstract: Fungi have been considered a potential source of natural anticancer drugs. However, studies on these organisms have mainly focused on compounds present in the sporocarp and mycelium. The aim of this study was to assess the anticancer potential of fungal spores using a bioassay-guided fractionation with cancer and normal cell lines. Crude extracts from spores of the basidiomycetous fungus Pisolithus tinctorius were prepared using five solvents/solvent mixtures in order to select the most effective crude extraction procedure. A dichloromethane/methanol (DCM/MeOH) mixture was found to produce the highest extraction yield, and this extract was fractionated into 11 fractions. Crude extracts and fractions were assayed for cytotoxicity in the human osteocarcinoma cell line MG63, the human breast carcinoma cell line T47D, the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line RKO, and the normal human brain capillary endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. The results showed a reduction in cancer cell viability of approximately 95% with 4 of 11 fractions without a significant reduction in viability of hCMEC/D3 cells. Data demonstrated that spores of P. tinctorius might serve as an interesting source of compounds with potential anticancer properties.
authors.affiliation: a Research Centre on Health and Environment, School of Allied Health Sciences , Polytechnic Institute of Porto , Vila Nova de Gaia , Portugal.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Preto
authors.forename: Vitor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.forename: Rui S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Rosário
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C000598529:3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts