title: Transcription Factor CTIP2 Maintains Hair Follicle Stem Cell Pool and Contributes to Altered Expression of LHX2 and NFATC1.
abstract: Transcription factor CTIP2 (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor-interacting protein 2), also known as BCL11B, is expressed in hair follicles (HFs) of embryonic and adult skin. Ctip2-null mice exhibit reduced HF density during embryonic development. In contrast, conditional inactivation of Ctip2 in the epidermis (Ctip2(ep-/-) mice) leads to a shorter telogen and a premature entry into anagen during the second phase of hair cycling without a detectable change in the number of HFs. Keratinocytes of the bulge stem cells (SCs) niche of Ctip2(ep-/-) mice proliferate more and undergo reduced apoptosis compared with the corresponding cells of wild-type mice. However, premature activation of follicular SCs in mice lacking CTIP2 leads to the exhaustion of this SC compartment in comparison with Ctip2(L2/L2) mice, which retained quiescent follicle SCs. CTIP2 modulates expression of genes encoding EGFR and NOTCH1 during formation of HFs and those encoding nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic calcineurin-dependent 1 and LIM homeobox 2 during normal hair cycling in adult skin. The expression of most of these genes is disrupted in mice lacking CTIP2, and these alterations may underlie the phenotype of Ctip2-null and Ctip2(ep-/-) mice. CTIP2 appears to serve as a transcriptional organizer that integrates input from multiple signaling cues during HF morphogenesis and hair cycling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Shreya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Integrative Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leid
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA. Electronic address: arup.indra@oregonstate.edu.
authors.forename: Gitali
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ganguli-Indra
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. Electronic address: arup.indra@oregonstate.edu.
authors.forename: Arup K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Indra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006197:Hair / Q000254:growth & development; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D023421:Models, Animal; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C479740:BCL11B protein, human; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; C489784:Lhx2 protein, mouse; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; C494005:Nfatc1 protein, mouse; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins