title: Effects of naturopathy and yoga intervention on CD4 count of the individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy-report from a human immunodeficiency virus sanatorium, Pune.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is one of the most debilitating conditions which have affected nearly 32 million people across the globe. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the standard care given to the HIV positive individuals. But the patient adherence to ART is found to be very less as per previous studies. Complementary and alternative medicine is becoming a pillar in the rehabilitative efforts for many living with HIV/AIDS.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of naturopathy and yoga intervention on CD4 counts of HIV patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six patients prediagnosed as HIV positive were enrolled after obtaining written consent and treated with naturopathy and yoga interventions like hydrotherapy, diet therapy, mud therapy, counseling, etc., for various durations at National Institute of Naturopathy Sanatorium. They were grouped into four groups (G1: 1-7 days, G2: 8-15 days, G3: 16-30 days, G4: >30 days) based on duration of stay. CD4 count of each individual was recorded pre- and post-stay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All analyses were conducted using R package version 3.01. Dependent sample t-tests were conducted to examine the significance at 95% confidence interval. Of the 96 patients, male patients constitute 55.2% and female patients 44.8% with mean age 34.74 received 1-180 days (mean 28.75, standard deviation: 14.16) treatment. Significant increase in the CD4 count was observed in two out of the four groups (G2: P = 0.052, and G4: P = 0.00038, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increasing trend in the CD4 count was observed that was proportional to the length of the stay of participants at the HIV sanatorium. This indicates the possibility of lifestyle changes can bring positive outcomes in people living with HIV/AIDS when used as an adjuvant with ART care. The lack of control group is a major limitation of this study. No attempt was made to study the subjective changes in the quality of life, viral load, etc., However, larger controlled studies are warranted for conclusive results.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Naturopathy, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Office of Research and Development, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Babu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Naturopathy, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Office of Research and Development, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Pradeep Mk
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Naturopathy, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Office of Research and Development, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Awantika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nanda
keywords: Antiretroviral therapy adherence; complementary and alternative medicine; human immunodeficiency virus care; human immunodeficiency virus sanatorium; lifestyle medicine; naturopathic medicine