title: Harnessing the Power of Integrated Mitochondrial Biology and Physiology: A Special Report on the NHLBI Mitochondria in Heart Diseases Initiative.
abstract: Mitochondrial biology is the sum of diverse phenomena from molecular profiles to physiological functions. A mechanistic understanding of mitochondria in disease development, and hence the future prospect of clinical translations, relies on a systems-level integration of expertise from multiple fields of investigation. Upon the successful conclusion of a recent National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute initiative on integrative mitochondrial biology in cardiovascular diseases, we reflect on the accomplishments made possible by this unique interdisciplinary collaboration effort and exciting new fronts on the study of these remarkable organelles.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Peipei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Åsa B
authors.initials: ÅB
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Don M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bers
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Lothar A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Blatter
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Arshad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jahangir
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muoio
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: O'Rourke
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rabinovitch
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Trayanova
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Eyk
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: James N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.).
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Physiology and Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine (P.P., H.C., J.N.W.); Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla (Å.B.G.); Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, CA (D.M.B.); Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (L.A.B.); Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Cardiovascular Services and Department of Research, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI (A.J.); Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL (D.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.M.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.O.R.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (N.T.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.V.E.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (B.O'R., N.T., J.V.E.); Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle (P.R.); and Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.W., L.S.L.). schwartzlongal@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schwartz Longacre
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005544:Forecasting; D006078:Government Programs / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D062069:Inventions; D008492:Medical Informatics Computing; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D054555:National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.) / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D049490:Systems Biology; D035703:Therapies, Investigational; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D014481:United States; D014495:Universities
keywords: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.); cardiovascular disease; cell death; heart diseases; mitochondria