title: Mild Deficits of Cortical Bone in Young Adults With Klinefelter Syndrome or Anorchia Treated With Testosterone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are currently no data evaluating volumetric bone mineral density (BMD), bone geometry, and body composition in adults with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) or anorchia who have been treated with T from adolescence.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine volumetric BMD, bone geometry using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), and body composition using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in men with classical KS or anorchia treated with T from adolescence (age, <16 y), compared with matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty subjects (12 KS, eight anorchia) and 20 controls underwent a pQCT (66% tibia, 4% radius) and total body DXA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using adjusted regression models, there was reduced tibial cortical area (95% confidence interval [CI], -88.8 to -4.4 mm(2); P = .03) and thickness (95% CI, -0.98 to -0.10 mm; P = .02) in subjects. All other bone parameters were similar between groups. Subjects had significantly higher fat mass (95% CI, 1.6 to 14.9 kg; P = .02), trunk:leg fat ratio (95% CI, 0.09 to 0.60; P = .01), and visceral adipose mass (95% CI, 0.057 to 0.283 kg; P = .004). Lean mass was similar in both groups. Lean mass was positively associated with tibial cortical area and radial total, trabecular, and volumetric density (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This first report using pQCT and DXA in men with KS or anorchia treated from adolescence showed normal volumetric BMD but reduction in cortical area and thickness, only at the 66% tibia site. Our study also demonstrated for the first time that men with KS or anorchia have increased visceral adiposity despite T treatment.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Endocrinology Research Group (S.C.W.), Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G5 0UN, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (D.S., P.R.E.), School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Medicine (D.S.), Northwest Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, Victoria 3021, Australia; Hormone Research (A.L., S.T., M.Z.), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Endocrinology (M.Z.), Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Sze Choong
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Developmental Endocrinology Research Group (S.C.W.), Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G5 0UN, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (D.S., P.R.E.), School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Medicine (D.S.), Northwest Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, Victoria 3021, Australia; Hormone Research (A.L., S.T., M.Z.), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Endocrinology (M.Z.), Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: Developmental Endocrinology Research Group (S.C.W.), Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G5 0UN, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (D.S., P.R.E.), School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Medicine (D.S.), Northwest Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, Victoria 3021, Australia; Hormone Research (A.L., S.T., M.Z.), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Endocrinology (M.Z.), Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Angelina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Developmental Endocrinology Research Group (S.C.W.), Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G5 0UN, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (D.S., P.R.E.), School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Medicine (D.S.), Northwest Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, Victoria 3021, Australia; Hormone Research (A.L., S.T., M.Z.), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Endocrinology (M.Z.), Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Smriti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.affiliation: Developmental Endocrinology Research Group (S.C.W.), Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G5 0UN, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (D.S., P.R.E.), School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Medicine (D.S.), Northwest Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, Victoria 3021, Australia; Hormone Research (A.L., S.T., M.Z.), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Endocrinology (M.Z.), Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Ebeling
authors.affiliation: Developmental Endocrinology Research Group (S.C.W.), Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G5 0UN, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (D.S., P.R.E.), School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Medicine (D.S.), Northwest Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, Victoria 3021, Australia; Hormone Research (A.L., S.T., M.Z.), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Endocrinology (M.Z.), Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zacharin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D006061:Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D013737:Testis / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013739:Testosterone / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone