title: A simple method for controlled reduction duraplasty during cranioplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bone flap re-approximation during cranioplasty can be complicated by underlying pseudomeningocele or meningoencephalocele. A technique for controlled reduction duraplasty to aid bone flap positioning is suggested.
  
  
  METHODS
  A simple method using bipolar electrocautery in a predetermined radial pattern from the center of defect is described. Localized tissue contraction allows controlled reduction in the surface area and degree of protrusion. This in turn facilitates bone flap positioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main advantage of this technique is slow and evenly distributed pressure conferred by controlled tissue contraction using multiple radial coagulation lines. No technical difficulties or complications have occurred with this method during cranioplasty for 11 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This simple technique for controlled reduction duraplasty can provide an easy and efficient method for bone flap re-approximation, and add to the existing techniques for a commonly performed procedure.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Victor X D
authors.initials: VX
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: a Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pirouzmand
mesh_terms: D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps
keywords: cranial defect; cranioplasty; duraplasty; skull defect