title: Rosmarinic acid and arbutin suppress osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting superoxide andNFATc1downregulation in RAW 264.7 cells.
abstract: The present study investigated the effect of the natural polyphenols, rosmarinic acid and arbutin, on osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells. Rosmarinic acid and arbutin suppressed osteoclast differentiation and had no cytotoxic effect on osteoclast precursor cells. Rosmarinic acid and arbutin inhibited superoxide production in a dose-dependent manner. mRNA expression of the master regulator of osteoclastogenesis, nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and the osteoclast marker genes, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and cathepsin-K, decreased following treatments with rosmarinic acid and arbutin. Furthermore, resorption activity decreased with the number of osteoclasts. These results suggest that rosmarinic acid and arbutin may be useful for the prevention and treatment of bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, through mechanisms involving inhibition of superoxide and downregulation ofNFATc1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Akina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan.
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
keywords: arbutin; osteoclast; osteoclastogenesis; rosmarinic acid; superoxide