title: Modulation-format-independent OSNR monitoring insensitive to cascaded filtering effects by low-cost coherent receptions and RF power measurements.
abstract: Optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring is indispensable for ensuring robust and flexible optical networks that provide failure diagnosis, dynamic lightpath provisioning and modulation format adaptation. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a low-cost, modulation-format-independent OSNR monitoring scheme utilizing reduced-complexity coherent receptions, electrical filtering and radio frequency (RF) power measurements. By measuring the RF power of the coherently received baseband signals at three different frequency components, the proposed OSNR monitor is also insensitive to spectral narrowing induced by cascaded wavelength selective switches (WSSs). We experimentally demonstrate accurate data-format-transparent and filtering-effect-insensitive OSNR monitoring for 25-Gbaud dual-polarization (DP-) transmissions with QPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM signals over various distances with different amount of filtering effects by cascaded WSSs. We further characterize the influence of different system parameters, such as the bandwidth of the electrical low-pass filter, the laser frequency offset and laser linewidth on the accuracy of the proposed OSNR monitor. The robustness of the proposed OSNR monitoring scheme to fiber nonlinearities, calibration parameter mismatches and variations of WSS parameters are also investigated.
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Kangping
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Alan Pak Tao
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Yanzhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Liangchuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li