title: A Cost-effective, Gelatin-Based Phantom Model for Learning Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Procedures of the Head and Neck.
abstract: The rise in popularity of ultrasound imaging has seen a corresponding increase in demand for effective training tools such as phantom models. They are especially useful for teaching and practice of invasive procedures, such as fine-needle aspiration of lesions of the head and neck. We have created 2 gelatin models out of inexpensive, commonly available materials that can be used in sequence to learn head and neck fine-needle aspiration. Fundamental skills can be learned first on the flat, rectangular model, whereas the second, cylindrical model more closely represents human anatomy and can be used to develop more advanced technique.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine (C.R., S.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine (V.A.D.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (V.A.D.), Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California USA. cmrichardson@llu.edu.
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine (C.R., S.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine (V.A.D.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (V.A.D.), Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California USA.
authors.forename: Stewart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine (C.R., S.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine (V.A.D.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (V.A.D.), Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California USA.
authors.forename: Vi Am
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Dinh
mesh_terms: D040761:Biomimetic Materials; D002140:California; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D061765:Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005780:Gelatin; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011871:Radiology / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education* / Q000295:instrumentation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D005780:Gelatin
keywords: fine-needle aspiration; gelatin model; head and neck ultrasound; phantom mode