title: Recovering organic matters and ions from wastewater by genetically engineered Bacillus subtilis biomass.
abstract: Water pollution causes substantial damage to the environment and to human health, and the current methods to treat pollution suffer from high cost and low efficiency, resulting in increased environmental damages. Using genetic modification and functional selection, we developed a novel biosorbent from Genetically Engineered Bacillus subtilis (GEBS) cells. At a ratio of biosorbent to direct blue dye of about 1:1.25 in a water solution, the dye pigments can be completely adsorbed in 40 s, decreasing COD to zero. Contrary to other biosorbents, ions such as Fe(2+) and Cu(2+) have significant advantages in terms of the adsorbing efficiency. The GEBS biomass can therefore capture both organics and ions from wastewater simultaneously and achieve co-precipitation in 2-10 min, which are features critical for practical applications of wastewater treatment. In addition, we used six different eluting solutions to regenerate used biomass, all resulting in renewed, highly efficient color and COD elimination capacities, with the best elution solution being NaHCO3 and Na2CO3. For practical applications, we showed a high COD elimination rate when using the GEBS biomass to treat raw water from textile enterprises, paper mill, and petrochemical industries. Compared with currently available adsorbing agents, the GEBS cells can adsorb organic and ion waste much faster and with much higher efficiency, can be regenerated and recycled efficiently, and may have broad applications in treating organic water pollution.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Microorganisms and Biotransformation, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China. Electronic address: zhuwei@mail.scuec.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Microorganisms and Biotransformation, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Microorganisms and Biotransformation, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Microorganisms and Biotransformation, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Sainan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Microorganisms and Biotransformation, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Chaoyuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Angimmune LLC, Rockville, MD, USA; Zhoushan CSP Biosciences, Inc., Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Xinli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption / Q000502:physiology; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018533:Biomass; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007477:Ions; D059027:Recycling; D062065:Wastewater / Q000382:microbiology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D007477:Ions; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Co-precipitation; Genetically engineered Bacillus subtilis; Organic wastewater treatment; Promotion; Recycling; Regeneration