title: Inhibitory effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) polyphenol extracts on the bacterial growth and survival of clinical isolates of pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
abstract: In the present study major polyphenols of pomegranate arils and peel by-products were extracted in 50% (v/v) aqueous ethanol, characterized and used in microbiological assays in order to test antimicrobial activity against clinically isolated human pathogenic microorganisms. Total concentration of polyphenols and in vitro antioxidant properties were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH methods, respectively. The most abundant bioactive molecules, including anthocyanins, catechins, tannins, gallic and ellagic acids were identified by RP-HPLC-DAD, also coupled to off-line matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). The inhibitory spectrum of extracts against test microorganisms was assessed by the agar well-diffusion method. Data herein indicated that both pomegranate aril and peel extracts have an effective antimicrobial activity, as evidenced by the inhibitory effect on the bacterial growth of two important human pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, which are often involved in foodborne illness.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pagliarulo
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Vito
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Picariello
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; Fondazione SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Colicchio
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabiria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pastore
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy. Electronic address: mgvolpe@isa.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Volpe
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: Antimicrobial effects; Clinical isolates of pathogenic microorganisms; HPLC-DAD; Mass spectrometry; Pomegranate polyphenols