title: Prevalent fragility fractures as risk factor for skeletal muscle function deficit and dysmobility syndrome in post-menopausal women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fragility fractures are a major burden for health and social care in elderly people. In order to identify earlier the "frail elders", new concepts of "dysmobility syndrome" and skeletal muscle function deficit (SMFD), including sarcopenia, osteoporosis, obesity, and mobility limitation, leading to a higher risk of fractures, have been recently introduced. There are very few studies investigating the association between fragility fractures and both the dysmobility syndrome and the SMFD.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of our study is to investigate the role of previous fragility fractures as a risk factor in determining the dysmobility syndrome and/or the SMFD in post-menopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study, we retrospectively examined data from the medical records of post-menopausal women aged 50 or older. We divided the study population in two groups. The first group includes women with a previous fragility fracture (cases) and the other group includes women without any previous osteoporotic fracture (controls). We identified the subjects with "dysmobility syndrome", "dynapenic SMFD", "sarcopenic SMFD", and "mixed SMFD" in both groups. Data collected refer to a 6-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We retrieved data of 121 post-menopausal women, 77 (63.64%) had already sustained a fragility fracture at any site (cases). The risk for dysmobility syndrome was significantly higher (adjusted OR for age and serum 25-OH vitamin D3 of 2.46) in the cases compared with the controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An early diagnosis of conditions limiting mobility, including dysmobility syndrome, might be useful to identify, among patients with osteoporotic fractures, those who might have a higher risk of a new fragility fracture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. giovanni.iolascon@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iolascon
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antimo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Giamattei
authors.affiliation: Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Largo Lauro De Bosis 15, 00195, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Migliaccio
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gimigliano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D002762:Cholecalciferol
keywords: Dysmobility syndrome; Fragility fractures; Osteoporosis; Sarcopenia; Skeletal muscle function deficit