title: Tissue engineering the cardiac microenvironment: Multicellular microphysiological systems for drug screening.
abstract: The ability to accurately detect cardiotoxicity has become increasingly important in the development of new drugs. Since the advent of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, researchers have explored their use in creating an in vitro drug screening platform. Recently, there has been increasing interest in creating 3D microphysiological models of the heart as a tool to detect cardiotoxic compounds. By recapitulating the complex microenvironment that exists in the native heart, cardiac microphysiological systems have the potential to provide a more accurate pharmacological response compared to current standards in preclinical drug screening. This review aims to provide an overview on the progress made in creating advanced models of the human heart, including the significance and contributions of the various cellular and extracellular components to cardiac function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. Electronic address: yosuke@wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Yosuke K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Energy, Environment, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. Electronic address: scg@wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
keywords: 3D tissue; Cardiotoxicity; In vitro drug screening; Stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte