title: Tocopherols and tocotrienols in serum and liver of dairy cows receiving conjugated linoleic acids or a control fat supplement during early lactation.
abstract: The fat-soluble vitamin E comprises the 8 structurally related compounds (congeners) α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol (with a saturated side chain) and α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocotrienol (with a 3-fold unsaturated side chain). Little is known regarding the blood and liver concentrations of the 8 vitamin E congeners during the transition from pregnancy to lactation in dairy cows. We thus quantified tocopherols (T) and tocotrienols (T3) in serum and liver and hepatic expression of genes involved in vitamin E metabolism in pluriparous German Holstein cows during late gestation and early lactation and investigated whether dietary supplementation (from d 1 in milk) with conjugated linoleic acids (CLA; 100g/d; each 12% of trans-10,cis-12 and cis-9,trans-11 CLA; n=11) altered these compared with control-fat supplemented cows (CTR; n=10). Blood samples and liver biopsies were collected on d -21, 1, 21, 70, and 105 (liver only) relative to calving. In both groups, the serum concentrations of αT, γT, βT3, and δT3 increased from d -21 to d 21 and remained unchanged between d 21 and 70, but were unaffected by CLA. The concentrations of the different congeners of vitamin E in liver did not differ between the CTR and the CLA groups. In both groups, the concentrations of the vitamin E forms in liver changed during the course of the study. The hepatic mRNA abundance of genes controlling vitamin E status did not differ between groups, but α-tocopherol transfer protein and tocopherol-associated protein mRNA increased with time of lactation in both. In conclusion, the concentrations of vitamin E congeners and the expression of genes related to vitamin E status follow characteristic time-related changes during the transition from late gestation to early lactation but are unaffected by CLA supplementation at the dosage used.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 5166616471 Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sadri
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dänicke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: University for Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rehage
authors.affiliation: University of Hohenheim, Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: sauerwein@uni-bonn.de.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sauerwein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D024508:Tocotrienols; C017763:alpha-tocopherol transfer protein; D014810:Vitamin E; D024505:Tocopherols
keywords: conjugated linoleic acid; dairy cow; tocopherol; tocotrienol