title: Prolonged Suppression of Neuropathic Pain by Sequential Delivery of Lidocaine and Thalidomide Drugs Using PEGylated Graphene Oxide.
abstract: The management of patients with neuropathic pain is challenging. Monotherapy with a single pain relief drug may encounter different difficulties, such as short duration of efficacy and hence too many times of drug administration, and inadequate drug delivery. Recently, nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems have been proved to provide promising strategies for efficient drug loading, delivery, and release. In the present study, we developed poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether functionalized graphene oxide (GO) bearing two commonly used drugs of lidocaine (LDC) and thalidomide (THD) as an agent for the treatment of neuropathic pain. The sequential drug release of LDC and THD from the developed LDC-THD-GO nanosheets exhibited a synergistic effect on neuropathic pain in vitro and in vivo, as evidenced by the increased pain threshold in mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesic response tests, and the improved inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and nitric oxide. We believed that the present study herein would hold promise for future development of a new generation of potent agents for neuropathic pain relief.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China. Electronic address: tysong1234@163.com.
authors.forename: Tieying
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Kunfeng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology, The Sixth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50054, China.
authors.forename: Wenli
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
authors.forename: Yunliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Pengxu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Ruyu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Chunping
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 50051, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ya
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D016207:Cytokines; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010087:Oxides; D013792:Thalidomide; D006108:Graphite; D008012:Lidocaine
keywords: CNS; biomaterials; cell biology; cell culture; controlled release/delivery; drug interactions; drug transport; facilitated diffusion/transport; in vitro models; nanotechnology