title: Directing cell migration and organization via nanocrater-patterned cell-repellent interfaces.
abstract: Although adhesive interactions between cells and nanostructured interfaces have been studied extensively, there is a paucity of data on how nanostructured interfaces repel cells by directing cell migration and cell-colony organization. Here, by using multiphoton ablation lithography to pattern surfaces with nanoscale craters of various aspect ratios and pitches, we show that the surfaces altered the cells' focal-adhesion size and distribution, thus affecting cell morphology, migration and ultimately localization. We also show that nanocrater pitch can disrupt the formation of mature focal adhesions to favour the migration of cells towards higher-pitched regions, which present increased planar area for the formation of stable focal adhesions. Moreover, by designing surfaces with variable pitch but constant nanocrater dimensions, we were able to create circular and striped cellular patterns. Our surface-patterning approach, which does not involve chemical treatments and can be applied to various materials, represents a simple method to control cell behaviour on surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.|Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hojeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Sangmo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Willie Mae
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Reese
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.|Department of Bioengineering and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Loskill
authors.affiliation: Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Costas P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Grigoropoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.|Department of Bioengineering and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Healy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D022001:Focal Adhesions / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties