title: Monitoring and Diagnostic Approaches for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.
abstract: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of the leading causes of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Given the high prevalence and poor survival of SSc-PAH, and that aggressive management of mild disease may be associated with better outcomes, screening is critical. Right heart catheterization (RHC) is the gold standard for the definitive diagnosis of PAH, and should be performed in those patients in whom this diagnosis is suspected. Once a diagnosis of PAH is confirmed by RHC, treatment with PAH-specific therapies should be initiated as soon as possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1000 Welch Road, Suite 203, MC 5755, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valenzuela
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Pavilion C, 2nd Floor, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA.
authors.forename: Saranya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nandagopal
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Pasquerilla Health Center, 6th Floor 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
authors.forename: Virginia D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Steen
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1000 Welch Road, Suite 203, MC 5755, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Electronic address: shauwei@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Lorinda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000209:etiology; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Diagnosis; Monitoring; Pulmonary arterial hypertension; Systemic sclerosis