title: Clinical significance of serum interleukin-29, interleukin-32, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in patients with gastric cancer.
abstract: Many studies suggested that cytokines interleukin (IL)-29, IL-32, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are implicated in the pathogenesis of malignancies. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical significance of the serum levels of IL-29, IL-32, and TNF-α in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Fifty-eight GC patients and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled into this study. The median age at diagnosis was 59.5 years (range 32-82 years). Tumor localization of the majority of the patients was antrum (n = 42, 72.4 %), and tumor histopathology of the majority of the patients was diffuse (n = 43, 74.1 %). The majority of the patients had stage IV disease (n = 41, 70.7 %). Thirty-six (62.1 %) patients had lymph node involvement. The median follow-up time was 66 months (range 1 to 97.2 months). The baseline serum IL-29 concentrations were not different between patients and controls (p = 0.627). The baseline serum IL-32 and TNF-α concentrations of the GC patients were significantly higher (for IL-32, p = 0.014; for TNF-α, p = 0.001). Gender, localization, histopathology, tumor, and lymph node involvement were not found to be correlated with serum IL-29, IL-32, and TNF-α concentrations (p > 0.05). Patients without metastasis (p = 0.01) and patients who responded to chemotherapy (p = 0.04) had higher serum IL-29 concentrations. Patients older than 60 years had higher serum IL-32 (p = 0.002). Serum IL-29, IL-32, and TNF-α levels were not associated with outcome (p = 0.30, p = 0.51, and p = 0.41, respectively). In conclusion, serum levels of IL-32 and TNF-α may be diagnostic markers, and serum IL-29 levels may be associated with good prognosis in patients with GC.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, Capa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey. kayhanerturk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kayhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Erturk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, Capa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tastekin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, Capa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serilmez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, Capa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bilgin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, Capa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hamza Ugur
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Bozbey
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, Capa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sezai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vatansever
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda; C496971:IL32 protein, human
keywords: Gastric cancer; Interleukin-29; Interleukin-32; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha