title: Distribution of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Malaysian Children Attending University Dental Clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a condition of hypomineralized enamel of systemic origin affecting first permanent molars and frequently permanent incisors. It is considered a global problem and data from South-East Asian countries, including Malaysia are lacking. Hence the aim of this study were to investigate the distribution and severity of MIH in a group of children aged 7-12 year olds attending pediatric dental clinic at Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hundred and fifty four children age 7-12 year-old with mean age of 9.14 ±1.682 had their first permanent molars and permanent incisors were examined at Faculty of Dentistry, UiTM using European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry 2003 (EAPD) criteria for diagnosis of MIH. Children at least one first permanent molar affected were considered as having MIH. Data were recorded and statistically analysed using descriptive analysis and Chi square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty six of the total examined children (n=154) had MIH (16.9%). There was no statistical difference between males and females in the prevalence of MIH. However, a statistical significant difference was found by age groups. The first permanent molars were more frequently affected (58%) as compared to permanent incisors. Mandibular molars were to have the highest rate of MIH (15.5%). The right and left sides were equally affected. Mild defects were the most frequent lesion type (96.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed that MIH is a common condition (16.9%). Molars were more frequently affected than incisors with mild defects were the most common lesion status. Further studies on this defect amongst Malaysian children are worthwhile.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faisal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haron
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ghanim
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Abu-Hassan
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Malaysia; Molar incisor hypomineralization; children; distribution; severity