title: Follicular fluid and mural granulosa cells microRNA profiles vary in in vitro fertilization patients depending on their age and oocyte maturation stage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether there is any difference in the follicular fluid (FF) microRNA (miRNA) profiles from in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients according to their age and oocyte maturation stage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  IVF clinic/hospital facilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 30 women with primary infertility undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment and excluded patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, severe male factor, and low ovarian reserve.
  
  
  METHODS
  After the collection of FF and granulosa cells from each patient, the samples were processed for total RNA extraction. RNA was pooled into different groups (three samples per pool) for microarray analysis to evaluate the expression of a total of 866 human miRNAs. Individual samples were analyzed to validate the pooled microarray results using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation of the expression of a total of 866 human miRNAs in FF and granulosa cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified only one differentially expressed miRNA, hsa-miR-424, which is present in higher proportions in FF from patients with advanced age. When we compared the FF from metaphase II (MII) versus GV (germinal vesicle) oocytes, we found 13 differentially expressed miRNAs (two up- and 11 downregulated). When we compared FF from MII versus MI, we found seven differentially expressed miRNAs in MII (three up- and four downregulated).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have described the FF miRNA profiles according to IVF patients' age and the maturation stage of their oocytes. This descriptive study may aid our understanding of the physiology and regulation of oocyte maturation and could identify some potential miRNA biomarkers for this process.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Not applicable.
authors.affiliation: Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Instituto Universitario IVI, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Núñez
authors.affiliation: Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Instituto Universitario IVI, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quiñonero
authors.affiliation: Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Instituto Universitario IVI, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de la Orden
authors.affiliation: Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Instituto Universitario IVI, Valencia, Spain; INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simón
authors.affiliation: Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Instituto Universitario IVI, Valencia, Spain; Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pellicer
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Díaz-García
authors.affiliation: Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Instituto Universitario IVI, Valencia, Spain; INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: francisco.dominguez@ivi.es.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Domínguez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology; D009866:Oogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Follicular fluid; biomarker; granulosa cells; miRNA; oocytes