title: The impact of oral contraceptives on cardiometabolic parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is much controversy regarding the use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) on cardiometabolic parameters, which is why this longitudinal population-based study was conducted to assess the impact of OCP use and its duration on cardiometabolic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 5532 reproductive-aged participants of the Tehran lipid and glucose study, 3160 women who met our inclusion criteria were subdivided according to the duration of OCPs consumption into four sub-groups: (1) Non-users; (2) <11 month users; (3) 12-35 month users, and (4) ≥36 month users, and their cardiometabolic parameters were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistical significant differences were observed between the cardiometabolic parameters of these sub-groups, after further adjustment for confounding factors including age, parity, and education, except for mean low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol which was significantly higher in women who used OCPs for >36 months in comparison to non-OCP users. The odds ratio of hypercholesterolemia was significantly higher in women who used OCPs for >36 months in comparison to non-OCP users; being 1.5 times higher than non-users (95 % CI 1.01-2.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results showed that if used for less than 3 years, OCPs have no cardiometabolic effects.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 24 Parvaneh St., Yaman St., Velenjak, PO Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farahmand
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 24 Parvaneh St., Yaman St., Velenjak, PO Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. ramezani@endocrine.ac.ir.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ramezani Tehrani
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 24 Parvaneh St., Yaman St., Velenjak, PO Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rostami Dovom
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 24 Parvaneh St., Yaman St., Velenjak, PO Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azizi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors; Contraceptive pills; Hypertension; Lipoproteins; Metabolic syndrome; Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS)