title: Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration in Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. from Leaf-Derived Callus Induced with 6-Benzylaminopurine.
abstract: A somatic embryogenesis system was developed for Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. from leaf explants obtained from fresh flushes of a mature tree. Callus was induced from the midrib region of leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 6-benzylaminopurine. Callus induction and somatic embryogenesis was significantly influenced by the size, physiological age, and orientation of leaf explants on the culture medium and plant growth regulators. Adaxial-side-up orientation of leaf explants significantly promoted embryogenesis in comparison with abaxial-side-up orientation. Maximum number of somatic embryos was induced on MS medium supplemented with 8.88 μM 6-benzylaminopurine. Scanning electron microscopy of embryogenic callus revealed somatic embryo origin and the development of globular-, heart-, and cotyledonary-stage somatic embryos. The frequency of maturation as well as germination of somatic embryos was higher on MS medium containing 8.88 μM 6-benzylaminopurine than on medium without 6-benzylaminopurine. Plantlets which developed from somatic embryos were acclimatized successfully with 90 % survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India, reetikasingh.bhu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Reetika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Manoj Kumar
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.forename: Nishi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumari
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000064:Acclimatization / Q000187:drug effects; D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D007701:Kinetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D058439:Plant Somatic Embryogenesis Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D011687:Purines; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D032127:Sapindus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D011687:Purines; D013395:Sucrose; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C480551:benzylaminopurine; D007701:Kinetin