title: Positively Biased Self-Perceptions in Children with ADHD: Unique Predictor of Future Maladjustment.
abstract: This study assessed children's overestimations of self-competence (positively biased self-perceptions or positive bias [PB]) relative to parent/teacher ratings of children's competence in predicting children's adjustment in a new setting. Eighty-five children (13 boys and 11 girls with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD]; 30 boys and 31 girls who were typically developing [TD]), ages 6.8 to 9.8 years (M = 8.13; SD = 0.82), attended a 2-week summer day camp grouped into same-age, same-sex classrooms with previously unacquainted peers and counselors. Prior to camp, PB was assessed by creating standardized discrepancy scores between children's self-ratings relative to parent or teacher ratings of the children's social and behavioral competence. The relative ability of these discrepancy scores to predict peer preference and oppositionality at camp in relation to parent or teacher ratings alone was evaluated. For children with ADHD, both discrepancy scores and informant ratings of competence were uniquely predictive of peer preference and oppositionality assessed during camp. For TD children, only informant ratings of competence were predictive of outcomes at camp. These results suggest that PB may be a unique predictor of maladjustment within a novel environment for children with ADHD, but not TD children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z4, Canada. mary.jia@psych.ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z4, Canada. yjiang@psych.ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z4, Canada. mikami@psych.ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Amori Yee
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Mikami
mesh_terms: D001076:Aptitude; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D012649:Self Concept; D012917:Social Adjustment
keywords: ADHD; Oppositionality; Peer preference; Positive bias