title: Prostate cancer volume estimations based on transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy in order to predict clinically significant prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumor diameter is a reliable parameter to estimate tumor volume in solid organ cancers; its use in prostate cancer is controversial since it exhibits a more irregular pattern of growth. This study aimed to examine the association between the tumor volume estimations based on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsy results and the tumor volume measured on the pathological specimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 237 patients who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) were included in this retrospective study. The differences and correlations between cancer volume estimations based on TRUS guided biopsy findings and cancer volume estimations based on post-prostatectomy pathology specimens were examined. In addition, diagnostic value of TRUS guided biopsy-based volume estimations in order to predict clinically significant cancer (>0.5 cc) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean cancer volume estimated using TRUS biopsy results was lower (5.5±6.5 cc) than the mean cancer volume calculated using prostatectomy specimens (6.4±7.6 cc) (p<0.041).TRUS guided biopsy examination resulted in 5 false positive and 15 false negative cases. There was a significant but weak correlation between the two parameters (r=0.62, p<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of TRUS guided biopsy in predicting the presence of clinically significant cancer was 93.4% (95% CI, 89.1-96.1) and 50.0% (95% CI, 20.1-79.9), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TRUS guided biopsy-derived estimations seem to have a limited value to predict pathologically established tumor volume. Further studies are warranted to identify additional methods that may more accurately predict actual pathological characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Milas 75. Yil State Hospital, Mugla, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Konyalioglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tarhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cakmak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emel Ebru
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Pala
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferruh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zorlu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D061765:Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D047368:Tumor Burden; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods