title: Hyponatremia: a significant factor in a poor prognosis for cirrhosis with Child A/B after variceal eradication.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To identify prognostic factors prospectively in cirrhosis after the eradication of esophageal varices (EV).
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 52 cirrhosis patients (Child-Pugh A 24, B 28) who showed the eradication of EV after the endoscopic sclerotherapy (median observation period, 25.5 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients showed a recurrence of EV. The cumulative overall survival rate was 92.2% at 1 year, 70.9% at 3 years, and 47.2% at 5 years. Univariate analysis showed that serum sodium concentration (hazard ratio [HR] 0.724, P = 0.0006), serum aspartate transaminase (HR 1.019, P = 0.0075), serum alanine transaminase (HR 1.025, P = 0.0239), and serum creatinine (HR 11.311, P = 0.044) levels before treatment were significant factors for a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that serum sodium concentration (HR 0.711, P = 0.0022) was the only significant factor. The cumulative survival rate was lower in patients with hyponatremia (<135 mEq/l, a best cut-off value; 83.3% at 1 year, and 33.3% at 3 years), than in those without (93.3% at 1 year, 77.3% at 3 years and 47.2% at 5 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-treatment hyponatremia is a significant prognostic factor in cirrhosis with Child A/B after the eradication of EV by the endoscopic sclerotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiyono
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okugawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yokosuka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Cirrhosis; Endoscopic treatment; Esophageal varices; Hyponatremia; Prognosis