title: Distribution of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in wood and bark age classes of willows and poplars used for phytoextraction on soils contaminated by risk elements.
abstract: Fast-growing clones of Salix and Populus have been studied for remediation of soils contaminated by risk elements (RE) using short-rotation coppice plantations. Our aim was to assess biomass yield and distributions of elements in wood and bark of highly productive willow (S1--[Salix schwerinii × Salix viminalis] × S. viminalis, S2--Salix × smithiana clone S-218) and poplar (P1--Populus maximowiczii × Populus nigra, P2--P. nigra) clones with respect to aging. The field experiment was established in April 2008 on moderately Cd-, Pb- and Zn- contaminated soil. Shoots were harvested after four seasons (February 2012) and separated into annual classes of wood and bark. All tested clones grew on contaminated soils, with highest biomass production and lowest mortality exhibited by P1 and S2. Concentrations of elements, with exception of Ca and Pb, decreased with age and were higher in bark than in wood. The Salix clones were characterised by higher removal of Cd, Mn and Zn compared to the Populus clones. Despite generally higher RE content in young shoots, partly due to lower wood/bark ratios and higher RE concentrations in bark, the overall removal of RE was higher in older wood classes due to higher biomass yield. Thus, longer rotations seem to be more effective when phytoextraction strategy is considered. Of the four selected clones, S1 exhibited the best removal of Cd and Zn and is a good candidate for phytoextraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zárubová
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic. hejcman@fzp.czu.cz.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hejcman
authors.affiliation: Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Stanislava
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vondráčková
authors.affiliation: Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Zámek 1, 262 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Libor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mrnka
authors.affiliation: Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jiřina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Száková
authors.affiliation: Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tlustoš
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D004602:Elements; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000378:metabolism*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000378:metabolism*; D032107:Populus / Q000378:metabolism*; D032108:Salix / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D014934:Wood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004602:Elements; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Cadmium; Heavy metals; Lead; Phosphorus; Phytoremediation; Populus spp; Salix spp; Zinc