title: Understanding action control of parental support behavior for child physical activity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Parental support is the critical family-level variable linked to child physical activity (PA), yet the antecedents of support are poorly understood, and its relationship with intention is modest. The purpose of this study was to apply a framework designed to evaluate the intention-behavior gap, known as multiprocess action control (M-PAC), to understand parental support for regular child PA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mothers (N = 1,253) with children 5-12 years of age completed measures of attitudes, perceived control over support, behavioral regulation tactics (e.g., planning, self-monitoring), and intention to support. Over half (58%) reported on subsequent support behaviors 6 months later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three intention-behavior profiles emerged: (a) nonintenders (26.4%; n = 331), (b) unsuccessful intenders (36.6%; n = 458), and (c) successful intenders (33%; n = 414). Congruent with M-PAC, a discriminant function analysis showed that affective attitude about support (r = .18), perceived behavioral control over support (r = .55), and behavioral regulation (r = .55) distinguished between all 3 intention-behavior profiles. A disaggregated analysis of specific behavioral regulation tactics showed that most distinguished all 3 profiles, yet planning, information seeking, and monitoring were the critical correlates of the discriminant function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of mothers had positive intentions to support regular child PA, yet over half failed to enact this support. Difficulty of intention translating into support behavior arises from compromised control over support, self-regulation skills, and perceptions that the support experience is unenjoyable. Interventions aimed at strengthening these factors are recommended to improve parental support action control.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria.
authors.forename: Ryan E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Spence
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta.
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Management, University of Lethbridge.
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Faulkner
authors.affiliation: School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University.
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Latimer-Cheung
authors.affiliation: College of Business, Ohio University.
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D001290:Attitude; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D009043:Motor Activity; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012944:Social Support