title: The Impact of Diabetes on Brain Function in Childhood and Adolescence.
abstract: A constant supply of glucose to the brain is critical for normal cerebral metabolism. The dysglycemia of type 1 diabetes (T1D) can affect activity, survival, and function of neural cells. Clinical studies in T1D have shown impairments in brain morphology and function. The most neurotoxic milieu seems to be young age and/or diabetic ketoacidosis at onset, severe hypoglycemia under the age of 6 years followed by chronic hyperglycemia. Adverse cognitive outcomes seem to be associated with poorer mental health outcomes. It is imperative to improve outcomes by investigating the mechanisms of injury so that neuroprotective strategies independent of glycemia can be identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia. Electronic address: fergus.cameron@rch.org.au.
authors.forename: Fergus J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Cameron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Adolescents; Brain; Children; Cognition; Type 1 diabetes