title: HUMAN MICROBIOTA. Small molecules from the human microbiota.
abstract: Developments in the use of genomics to guide natural product discovery and a recent emphasis on understanding the molecular mechanisms of microbiota-host interactions have converged on the discovery of small molecules from the human microbiome. Here, we review what is known about small molecules produced by the human microbiota. Numerous molecules representing each of the major metabolite classes have been found that have a variety of biological activities, including immune modulation and antibiosis. We discuss technologies that will affect how microbiota-derived molecules are discovered in the future and consider the challenges inherent in finding specific molecules that are critical for driving microbe-host and microbe-microbe interactions and understanding their biological relevance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. donia@princeton.edu fischbach@fischbachgroup.org.
authors.forename: Mohamed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Donia
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and the California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. donia@princeton.edu fischbach@fischbachgroup.org.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fischbach
mesh_terms: D000898:Antibiosis; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001688:Biological Products / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D064307:Microbiota; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010455:Peptides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D013729:Terpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001430:Bacteriocins; D001688:Biological Products; D004768:Enterotoxins; D006017:Glycolipids; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010455:Peptides; D013729:Terpenes