title: An improved assay for (68)Ga-hydroxide in (68)Ga-DOTATATE formulations intended for neuroendocrine tumour imaging.
abstract: The objective of this study was to identify a more rapid assay for (68)Ga(OH)3 impurity in (68)Ga-DOTATATE formulations. Three methods were used to prepare (68)Ga(OH)3 reference material (pharmacopoeial, bench titration and automated radiosynthesis), and four quality control methods for its assessment (thin layer chromatography, membrane filtration, HPLC and solid phase extraction). The optimal method of preparing (68)Ga(OH)3 was by titrating (68)Ga(3+) with buffered sodium hydroxide solutions to pH 5.6 ± 0.2. The precipitate was quantitatively isolated by membrane filtration (0.02 µm)/hydrochloric acid (HCl; pH 5.6) solvent, and also it remained 100% at the origin on instant thin layer chromatography with silica gel paper/HCl (pH 5.6) solvent. For (68)Ga-DOTATATE samples, the thin layer chromatography technique was used with a single paper strip developed separately on two occasions, once in HCl (pH 5.6) and next in methanol solvent. This so-called double-developed (DD) method separated (68)Ga(OH)3 impurity located at the origin, from (68)Ga-DOTATATE plus (68)Ga(3+) at ~Rf 0.4, and it was superior to the other methods. It assayed for the impurity similarly to the pharmacopoeial method. The advantages of the DD method were that it required inexpensive test materials and it reproducibly determined % (68)Ga(OH)3 in (68)Ga-DOTATATE in 12 min, 13 min earlier than the pharmacopoeial method. This time efficiency resulted in a surplus of 12% (68)Ga-DOTATATE counts in the product vial, and this provided a contingency of radioactivity or time for the injection/imaging processes in the Nuclear Medicine Department.
authors.affiliation: RAH Radiopharmacy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Nuclear Medicine Department, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: Masood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: RAH Radiopharmacy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Nuclear Medicine Department, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: RAH Radiopharmacy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Nuclear Medicine Department, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsopelas
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004340:Drug Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005710:Gallium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000032:analysis*; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D005710:Gallium Radioisotopes; D006878:Hydroxides; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C513399:gallium Ga 68 dotatate
keywords: 68Ga-DOTATATE; 68Ga-hydroxide; assay; radiopharmaceuticals