title: Viral exposures and MS outcome in a prospective cohort of children with acquired demyelination.
abstract: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with increased multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. Recently, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been proposed as a protective factor against MS development. We determined EBV, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus and CMV seroprevalence in 247 prospectively followed children with acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS). Remote EBV infection was more common in children with MS than those with monophasic ADS while CMV infection was more common in children with monophasic ADS. Children displaying evidence of remote EBV without CMV infection were at highest risk of subsequent MS diagnosis. Viral infection repertoire detected at ADS provides important prognostic information.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, USA naila.makhani@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Naila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Makhani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Banwell
authors.affiliation: Departments of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tellier
authors.affiliation: The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yea
authors.affiliation: The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McGovern
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto and The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Mahony
authors.affiliation: Calamba Doctors' Hospital, Philippines.
authors.forename: Jean M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ahorro
authors.affiliation: Montreal Neurological Institute and McGill University, Canada.
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: A Dessa
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sadovnick
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Ruth A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Marrie
authors.affiliation: Montreal Neurological Institute and McGill University, Canada.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bar-Or
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000821:virology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: Epstein–Barr virus; Multiple sclerosis; cytomegalovirus; pediatric; risk factors