title: Isolation of Insecticidal Constituent from Ruta graveolens and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies against Stored-Food Pests (Coleoptera).
abstract: Isolates from essential oil extracted from the flowers and leaves of Ruta graveolens and commercial phenolic analogs were evaluated using fumigant and contact toxicity bioassays against adults of the stored-food pests Sitophilus zeamais, Sitophilus oryzae, and Lasioderma serricorne. The insecticidal activity of these compounds was then compared with that of the synthetic insecticide dichlorvos. To investigate the structure-activity relationships, the activity of 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol and its analogs was examined against these stored-food pests. Based on the 50% lethal dose, the most toxic compound against S. zeamais was 3-isopropylephenol, followed by 2-isopropylphenol, 4-isopropylphenol, 5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol, 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, 3-methylphenol, and 2-methylphenol. Similar results were observed with phenolic compounds against S. oryzae. However, when 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol isolated from R. graveolens oil and its structurally related analogs were used against L. serricorne, little or no insecticidal activity was found regardless of bioassay. These results indicate that introducing and changing the positions of functional groups in the phenol skeleton have an important effect on insecticidal activity of these compounds against stored-food pests.
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, Department of Crop Life Safety, National Academy of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 565-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, Department of Crop Life Safety, National Academy of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 565-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Guei
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea. hoiseon@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hoi-Seon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000187:drug effects*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D061353:Food Storage; D007306:Insecticides / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D032105:Ruta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D048889:Weevils / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005520:Food Preservatives; D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile