title: Prognostic Factors for Long-Term Survival in Patients with Renal-Cell Carcinoma After Radiofrequency Ablation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the long-term survival and prognostic factors in patients with renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) who were treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of the records of all patients who underwent RFA of biopsy-proven RCC from February 2006 to December 2010 was performed in our institution. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the prognostic factors for long-term survival after RFA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RFA was performed in 122 patients (102 men, 20 women) with preoperative imaging available. Mean patient age was 58.5 years (standard deviation [SD]: 14.5), and mean tumor size was 3.4 cm (SD: 1.1). Tumor stage was T1a 93 (76.2%) or T1b 29 (23.8%). The mean follow-up period for RFA was 64.9 months (±11.6) (range 9-83 mos). In total, 5-year cancer-specific survival, 5-year disease-free survival (DFS), 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS), 5-year metastasis-free survival, and 5-year overall survival (OS) of this cohort was 98.3%, 90.8%, 94.2%, 99.2%, and 98.4%, respectively. In comparison with patients in >3 cm group, patients in ≤3 cm group had better 5-year DFS (P = 0.009), 5-year OS (P = 0.036) and 5-year RFS (P = 0.011). Age and tumor size affected survival rates significantly at univariate analysis (P = 0.031, P = 0.033). Only tumor size was shown to have independent prognostic value in multivariate analysis (P = 0.034).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In appropriately selected patients, RFA is an effective treatment option that provides comparable long-term survival. With use of RFA, there is a high probability of long-term survival of patients with small tumor size.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Tieshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Xiaozhi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Changwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Hongqian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018579:Patient Selection; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden