title: Characterization of an Antibacterial Compound, 2-Hydroxyl Indole-3-Propanamide, Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Batter.
abstract: Lactic acid bacteria are known to produce numerous antimicrobial compounds that are active against various pathogens. Here, we have purified and characterized a novel low-molecular-weight (LMW) antimicrobial compound produced by Lactobacillus and Pediococcus isolated from fermented idly and uttapam batter. The LMW compound was extracted from cell-free supernatant using ice-cold acetone, purified by gel permeation and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. It exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria sparing the probiotic strains like Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The molecular weight of the LMW compound was identified as 204 Da using LC-MS-ESI. In addition, the structure of the compound was predicted using spectroscopic methods like FTIR and NMR and identified as 2-hydroxyl indole-3-propanamide. The LMW compound was differentiated from its related compound, tryptophan, by Salkowski reaction and thin-layer chromatography. This novel LMW compound, 2-hydroxyl indole-3-propanamide, may have an effective application as an antibiotic which can spare prevailing probiotic organisms but target only the pathogenic strains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India, jeevskj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kadirvelu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jeevaratnam
authors.forename: Venkatasubramanian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vidhyasagar
authors.forename: Perumal Jayaprabha
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Agaliya
authors.forename: Appukuttan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saraniya
authors.forename: Muthukandan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umaiyaparvathy
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005433:Flour / Q000382:microbiology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007773:Lactates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C000607923:2-hydroxyl indole-3-propanamide; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007211:Indoles; D007773:Lactates; D014364:Tryptophan