title: Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling of distribution, bioaccumulation and excretion of POPs in Greenland sledge dogs (Canis familiaris).
abstract: We used PBPK (physiologically-based pharmacokinetic) modelling to investigate distribution, bioaccumulation and excretion of the seven POPs (persistent organic pollutants) CB-99, CB-153, HCB, oxychlordane, p,p'-DDE, BDE-47 and BDE-99 in 4 adult captive Greenland sledge dog (Canis familiaris) bitches fed minke whale (Balaenoptera acuterostrata) blubber for 500-635 days. The PBPK modelled POP concentrations in adipose tissue, liver, kidney and plasma were mostly within a factor 2 of actual measured tissue levels even for those at the lower concentration end. The excretion route for oxychlordane and CB-153 was modelled to be via faeces while lung alveolar excretion dominated for BDE-47, BDE-99, HCB, p,p'-DDE and CB-99. Furthermore the model suggested the retained mass of POPs after 500 and 635 days of exposure, respectively, to be relatively low despite these POPs being highly recalcitrant. The retention increased in the following order (% of total intake); p,p'-DDE (1%)<BDE-47 (6%)<CB-99 (14%)<HCB (16%)<CB-153 (18%)<BDE-99 (26%)<oxychlordane (34%). Overall; these results indicate that PBPK modelling may be a strong tool in risk assessment of POPs in arctic mammals.
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Frederiksborgvej, 399, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Electronic address: cs@bios.au.dk.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sonne
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Frederiksborgvej, 399, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gustavson
authors.affiliation: Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Environment Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Letcher
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Frederiksborgvej, 399, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rune
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dietz
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006116:Greenland; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009928:Organ Specificity; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009930:Organic Chemicals
keywords: PCBs; POPs; Persistent Organic Pollutants; Polar bear; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Sledge dogs.