title: Combined Usefulness of the Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting the Long-Term Adverse Events in Patients Who Have Undergone Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with a Drug-Eluting Stent.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the combined usefulness of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting the long-term adverse events in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a drug-eluting stent (DES).
  
  
  METHODS
  798 patients with stable angina, unstable angina and non-ST elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) who underwent elective successful PCI with DES were consecutively enrolled. The value of PLR and NLR in predicting adverse coronary artery disease (CAD) events and the correlations between these markers and adverse events (all-cause mortality, cardiac death, and nonfatal myocardial infarction) were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The follow-up period was 62.8 ± 28.8 months. When patients were classified into four groups according to the optimal cut-off values for the PLR and NLR on receiver operating characteristic analysis, patients with a high PLR (>128) and high NLR (>2.6) had the highest occurrence of adverse events among the groups. On Cox multivariate analysis, the NLR >2.6 [hazard ratio (HR) 2.352, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.286 to 4.339, p = 0.006] and the PLR >128 (HR 2.372, 95% CI 1.305 to 3.191, p = 0.005) were independent predictors of long-term adverse events after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, both a PLR >128 and a NLR >2.6 were the strongest predictors of adverse events (HR 2.686, 95% CI 1.452 to 4.970, p = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High pre-intervention PLR and NLR, especially when combined, are independent predictors of long-term adverse clinical outcomes such as all-cause mortality, cardiac death, and myocardial infarction in patients with unstable angina and NSTEMI who have undergone successful PCI with DES.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kosin University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Im
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soe Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ann
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Gillian Balbir
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ae-Young
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Her
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Seok
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D060050:Angina, Stable / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology*; D002452:Cell Count; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology*; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors