title: Economic Burden of HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Adverse Events in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate health care costs associated with medical events identified as antiretroviral therapy (ART)-attributable adverse events (AEs).
  
  
  METHODS
  During September 2006 to June 2012, adults with ≥1 HIV International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code (042/V08), ≥1 claim for ART prescription (March 2007-June 2011; index date), and continuous health plan enrollment for ≥6 months pre- and ≥12 months postindex were included (IMS' PharMetrics Plus Health Plan Claims Database). Patients with events of interest/ART claim during preindex period or with pregnancy/hepatitis C virus diagnosis/hepatitis B virus/cancer/tuberculosis during the study period were excluded. Postindex medical events were defined as first diagnosis code of event with ART claim ≤60 days prior to start of the event.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences in median total all-cause health care costs observed for diabetes/insulin resistance management (US$14,547 median all-cause health care costs during time periods identified as diabetes/insulin resistance medical events versus US$11,237 without diabetes/insulin resistance events; P=.0021), lipid disorders (US$12,825 versus US$10,033; P=.0004), and renal disorders (US$1389 versus US$0; P<.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Health care costs of ART AEs should be key consideration for payers/providers in HIV management.
authors.affiliation: IMS Health, Fairfax, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Mitch
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dekoven
authors.affiliation: IMS Health, Fairfax, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Makin
authors.affiliation: Yoh Services LLC, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Slaff
authors.affiliation: IMS Health, Fairfax, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.affiliation: Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA emaiese@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Maiese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics*; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: adverse events; antiretroviral therapy; economic burden; pharmacoeconomics