title: Confocal Raman microscopy to monitor extracellular matrix during dental pulp stem cells differentiation.
abstract: Regenerative medicine brings promising applications for mesenchymal stem cells, such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Confocal Raman microscopy, a noninvasive technique, is used to study osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Integrated Raman intensities in the 2800 to 3000 cm⁻¹ region (C-H stretching) and the 960  cm⁻¹ peak (ν₁ PO₄³⁻) were collected (to image cells and phosphate, respectively), and the ratio of two peaks 1660 over 1690  cm⁻¹ (amide I bands) to measure the collagen cross-linking has been calculated. Raman spectra of DPSCs after 21 days differentiation reveal several phosphate peaks: ν₁ (first stretching mode) at 960  cm⁻¹, ν₂ at 430  cm⁻¹, and ν₄ at 585  cm⁻¹ and collagen cross-linking can also be calculated. Confocal Raman microscopy enables monitoring osteogenic differentiation in vitro and can be a credible tool for clinical stem cell based research.
authors.affiliation: Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanoscience (LBN), EA 4203, Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, Montpellier 34193, France.
authors.forename: Hamideh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salehi
authors.affiliation: Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanoscience (LBN), EA 4203, Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, Montpellier 34193, France.
authors.forename: Pierre-Yves
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Collart-Dutilleul
authors.affiliation: Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR 5221 CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier 34095, France.
authors.forename: Csilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gergely
authors.affiliation: Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanoscience (LBN), EA 4203, Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, Montpellier 34193, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric J G
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Cuisinier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D003094:Collagen; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen