title: BMP-2, PDGF-BB, and bone marrow mesenchymal cells in a macroporous β-TCP scaffold for critical-size bone defect repair in rats.
abstract: The aim of this work was to study the bone repair induced by bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) incorporated in a macroporous beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) system fabricated by robocasting, and to identify the most beneficial combination in a critical rat calvaria defect. BMP-2 was formulated in microspheres to provide a prolonged, local concentration, whereas PDGF-BB, which acts during the initial stage of defect repair, was incorporated in a thin layer of crosslinked alginate. Approximately 80% of PDGF-BB and 90% of BMP-2 were released into the defect during the first 2 d and 3 weeks, respectively. Histological analyses indicated a minor synergistic effect in the BMP-2-MSC groups. In contrast, significant antagonism was found with combined BMP-2 and PDGF-BB defect treatment. The high-grade repair induced by BMP-2 rules out any advantage from combining BMP-2 with PDGF-BB or MSCs, at least with this scaffold and defect model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Del Rosario
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Évora
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: Araceli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Évora
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077214:Becaplermin; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016062:Porosity; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D004343:Drug Implants; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D000077214:Becaplermin