title: Gender and Obesity Specific MicroRNA Expression in Adipose Tissue from Lean and Obese Pigs.
abstract: Obesity is a complex condition that increases the risk of life threatening diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Studying the gene regulation of obesity is important for understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the obesity derived diseases and may lead to better intervention and treatment plans. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs regulating target mRNA by binding to their 3'UTR. They are involved in numerous biological processes and diseases, including obesity. In this study we use a mixed breed pig model designed for obesity studies to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs in subcutaneous adipose tissue by RNA sequencing (RNAseq). Both male and female pigs are included to explore gender differences. The RNAseq study shows that the most highly expressed miRNAs are in accordance with comparable studies in pigs and humans. A total of six miRNAs are differentially expressed in subcutaneous adipose tissue between the lean and obese group of pigs, and in addition gender specific significant differential expression is observed for a number of miRNAs. The differentially expressed miRNAs have been verified using qPCR. The results of these studies in general confirm the trends found by RNAseq. Mir-9 and mir-124a are significantly differentially expressed with large fold changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue between lean and obese pigs. Mir-9 is more highly expressed in the obese pigs with a fold change of 10 and a p-value < 0.001. Mir-124a is more highly expressed in the obese pigs with a fold change of 114 and a p-value < 0.001. In addition, mir-124a is significantly higher expressed in abdominal adipose tissue in male pigs with a fold change of 119 and a p-value < 0.05. Both miRNAs are also significantly higher expressed in the liver of obese male pigs where mir-124a has a fold change of 12 and mir-9 has a fold change of 1.6, both with p-values < 0.05.
authors.affiliation: Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Caroline M Junker
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mentzel
authors.affiliation: Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Anthon
authors.affiliation: Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mette J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.affiliation: Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karlskov-Mortensen
authors.affiliation: Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Camilla S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bruun
authors.affiliation: Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Claus B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.affiliation: Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gorodkin
authors.affiliation: Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cirera
authors.affiliation: Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Merete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fredholm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs