title: The expression of miR-181a-5p and miR-371b-5p in chondrosarcoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chondrosarcomas are malignant tumors of chondrocytes that affect bones and joints, and it represents the third most common type of primary bone tumors. Chondrosarcoma is difficult to treat because it is relatively resistant to both chemotherapy and radiation. Thus, surgery remains the best available treatment. It is important to find new diagnostic markers and improve treatment options.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  miRNAs are small non-coding transcripts (19-25 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression via targeting complementary sequences within messenger RNAs (mRNAs). miRNAs have been shown to be involved in regulation of many biochemical pathways. Dysregulated expression of many miRNAs has also been associated with multiple human diseases, such as cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  18 surgical chondrosarcoma specimens were obtained from patients. RNA extractions were performed from decalcified paraffin embedded tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of miR-181a and miR-371b in patients with chondrosarcoma by using RT-PCR and to evaluate the relationship between these miRNAs and chondrosarcoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  miR-181a was found to be upregulated in chondrosarcoma specimens whereas no significant alteration was found for miR-371b expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It has been proposed that miRNA expression studies might be used as diagnostic, prognostic marker in cancer. miRNA expression data produced in our study may contribute future chondrosarcoma diagnosis and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. serhatmutlu@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kirkbes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eroglu
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kabukcuoglu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kabukcuoglu
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Duymus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: ISık
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ulasli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C554834:MIRN371 microRNA, human; C540193:MIrn181 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger