title: Prevalence and Clinicopathological Characteristics of BRAF Mutations in Chinese Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was designed to identify the prevalence of BRAF mutations in Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and to reveal the association between BRAF mutations and clinicopathological characteristics in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  From October 2007 to February 2013, patients with newly diagnosed primary lung adenocarcinoma were detected for mutations in BRAF, EGFR, KRAS, HER2 and ALK. Clinicopathological characteristics, including sex, age, TNM stage, tumor differentiation, smoking status, histological subtypes, and survival information were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1358 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, 20 patients were harboring BRAF mutations, including five BRAF V600E mutations and 15 BRAF non-V600E mutations. Among these, BRAF N581I and BRAF G593S were newly reported. BRAF mutations were associated with smoking status (odds ratio 3.28; 95 % CI 1.33-8.08; p = 0.008). In patients less than 60 years of age, BRAF mutations tended to have poor differentiation in tumor samples (70.0 vs. 35.1 %; p = 0.014), and were more likely to relapse (70 vs. 28 %; p = 0.008). A significant difference was found in relapse-free survival (RFS) between BRAF mutations and other mutations, but not in overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of BRAF mutations in Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma was approximately 1.5 %. BRAF mutations were more frequent in current smokers. Patients harboring BRAF mutations had a higher rate of recurrence and worse RFS compared with other patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Difan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yunjian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Shanbo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ranxia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.|Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.|Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xuxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Haichuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Deng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xinghua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. Sun_yihua76@hotmail.com.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Sun_yihua76@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yihua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. hqchen1@yahoo.com.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. hqchen1@yahoo.com.|Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. hqchen1@yahoo.com.|Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. hqchen1@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Haiquan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000231:Adenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf