title: Comparison of Subjective Refraction under Binocular and Monocular Conditions in Myopic Subjects.
abstract: To compare subjective refraction under binocular and monocular conditions, and to investigate the clinical factors affecting the difference in spherical refraction between the two conditions. We examined thirty eyes of 30 healthy subjects. Binocular and monocular refraction without cycloplegia was measured through circular polarizing lenses in both eyes, using the Landolt-C chart of the 3D visual function trainer-ORTe. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to assess the relations among several pairs of variables and the difference in spherical refraction in binocular and monocular conditions. Subjective spherical refraction in the monocular condition was significantly more myopic than that in the binocular condition (p < 0.001), whereas no significant differences were seen in subjective cylindrical refraction (p = 0.99). The explanatory variable relevant to the difference in spherical refraction between binocular and monocular conditions was the binocular spherical refraction (p = 0.032, partial regression coefficient B = 0.029) (adjusted R(2) = 0.230). No significant correlation was seen with other clinical factors. Subjective spherical refraction in the monocular condition was significantly more myopic than that in the binocular condition. Eyes with higher degrees of myopia are more predisposed to show the large difference in spherical refraction between these two conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenaga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazutaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Kitasato, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Handa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Kitasato, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Wakako
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Kitasato, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Takushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamorita
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009216:Myopia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology