title: The Cytokinome Profile in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Type 2 Diabetes.
abstract: Understanding the dynamics of the complex interaction network of cytokines, defined as ''cytokinome'', can be useful to follow progression and evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from its early stages as well as to define therapeutic strategies. Recently we have evaluated the cytokinome profile in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection and/or cirrhosis suggesting specific markers for the different stages of the diseases. Since T2D has been identified as one of the contributory cause of HCC, in this paper we examined the serum levels of cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, as well as of other cancer and diabetes biomarkers in a discovery cohort of patients with T2D, chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and/or CHC-related HCC comparing them with a healthy control group to define a profile of proteins able to characterize these patients, and to recognize the association between diabetes and HCC. The results have evidenced that the serum levels of some proteins are significantly and differently up-regulated in all the patients but they increased still more when HCC develops on the background of T2D. Our results were verified also using a separate validation cohort. Furthermore, significant correlations between clinical and laboratory data characterizing the various stages of this complex disease, have been found. In overall, our results highlighted that a large and simple omics approach, such as that of the cytokinome analysis, supplemented by common biochemical and clinical data, can give a complete picture able to improve the prognosis of the various stages of the disease progression. We have also demonstrated by means of interactomic analysis that our experimental results correlate positively with the general metabolic picture that is emerging in the literature for this complex multifactorial disease.
authors.affiliation: CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Capone
authors.affiliation: CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guerriero
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Informatics-SIM/AOU-Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Colonna
authors.affiliation: Unita`Operativa Malattie Infettive, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale ''San Giuseppe Moscati", Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maio
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mangia
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marfella
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paolisso
authors.affiliation: Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Izzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Potenza
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Borriello SAS, Avellino, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tomeo
authors.affiliation: CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Castello
authors.affiliation: CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costantini
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines