title: Genetic linkage facilitates cloning of Ert-m regulating plant architecture in barley and identified a strong candidate of Ant1 involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis.
abstract: The erectoides-m anthocyanin-less 1 (ert-m ant1) double mutants are among the very few examples of induced double mutants in barley. From phenotypic observations of mutant plants it is known that the Ert-m gene product regulates plant architecture whereas the Ant1 gene product is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. We used a near-isogenic line of the cultivar Bowman, BW316 (ert-m.34), to create four F2-mapping populations by crosses to the barley cultivars Barke, Morex, Bowman and Quench. We phenotyped and genotyped 460 plants, allowing the ert-m mutation to be mapped to an interval of 4.7 cM on the short arm of barley chromosome 7H. Bioinformatic searches identified 21 candidate gene models in the mapped region. One gene was orthologous to a regulator of Arabidopsis thaliana plant architecture, ERECTA, encoding a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase. Sequencing of HvERECTA in barley ert-m mutant accessions identified severe DNA changes in 15 mutants, including full gene deletions in ert-m.40 and ert-m.64. Both deletions, additionally causing anthocyanin deficiency, were found to stretch over a large region including two putative candidate genes for the anthocyanin biosynthesis locus Ant1. Analyses of ert-m and ant1 single- and double-deletion mutants suggest Ant1 as a closely linked gene encoding a R2R3 myeloblastosis transcription factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 22362, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Shakhira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zakhrabekova
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dockter
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ahmann
authors.forename: Ilka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Braumann
authors.forename: Simon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Gough
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wendt
authors.forename: Udda
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lundqvist
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mascher
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hansson
mesh_terms: D026921:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D001467:Hordeum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D026921:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; D000872:Anthocyanins; D010940:Plant Proteins