title: Risk factors and biofilm detection on central venous catheters of patients attended at tertiary hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determinate the significance of risk factors with the presence of biofilm on catheters of patients attended at tertiary hospital cares.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 126 patients were included, data collection by observing the handling of the CVC, clinical history and microbiological isolation methods of CVCs tips (Roll-plate, sonication and scanning electron microscopy) were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Certain factors, such as the lack of proper hand washing, the use of primary barriers and preparing medications in the same hospital service, showed an important relationship between biofilm formation in CVCs. The sonication method presented that most of the samples had isolation of multispecies 29 samples (64%); in contrast with the roll-plate method, just one sample (3%) was isolated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The importance of the strict aseptic techniques of insertion and of the handlings of CVC was highlighted, the failure of both techniques was related to the biofilm formation and was evidenced using the scanning electron microscopy. Since this tool is not available in most hospitals, we present the correlation of those evidences with other standard microbiological methods and risk factors, which are necessary for the sensible detection of the different steps of the biofilm formation on CVC and their correct interpretation with clinical evidences.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pérez-Zárate
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Metalurgia, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aragón-Piña
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ruth Elena
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Soria-Guerra
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Multidisciplinario de la Maestría en Endodoncia, Facultad de Estomatología, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: González-Amaro
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pérez-Urizar
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Epidemiología del Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto", San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis Fernando
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Pérez-González
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico. Electronic address: fidel@uaslp.mx.
authors.forename: Fidel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martinez-Gutierrez
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D062905:Central Venous Catheters / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013010:Sonication; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
keywords: Biofilm; Catheter-related infections (CRI); Central venous catheter (CVC); Roll plate method; Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Sonication