title: Relation between low 50-g glucose challenge test results and small-for-gestational-age infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is no consensus opinion regarding a possible relation between low 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) results and small-for-gestational-age infants (SGA). This study aimed to clarify the relation between low 50-g GCT results and SGA, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, using a large clinical dataset.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our retrospective cohort study evaluated the obstetric records of women who delivered at Kofu Municipal Hospital (Japan) between January 2011 and December 2013. The exclusion criteria were gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetes in pregnancy, and GCT results of ≥140 mg/dL. Based on these criteria, we included 1603 women who had undergone a GCT between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, and divided the subjects into a low-GCT group (≤90 mg/dL) and a non-low-GCT group (91-139 mg/dL). The χ(2) -test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the association between low GCT results and SGA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean subject age was 30.4 ± 5.4 years, with 45.1% nulliparity (n = 723) and 1538 (96.0%) term deliveries. The incidence of SGA was 10.7% (172/1603), and 17.9% (287/1603) of the women had low GCT results. Low GCT results were significantly associated with an increased risk of SGA (odds ratio, 1.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-2.42), after controlling for maternal age, pre-pregnancy maternal weight, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, and pregnancy-induced hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that there is a significant association between low GCT results and SGA. However, further studies are needed to explore the detailed mechanisms of this association.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kofu Municipal Hospital, Kofu.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kofu Municipal Hospital, Kofu.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine.
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007564:Japan; D008423:Maternal Age; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: glucose challenge test; maternal weight; pregnancy outcome; screening; small for gestational age