title: Severe Illness from Methyl Bromide Exposure at a Condominium Resort--U.S. Virgin Islands, March 2015.
abstract: On March 22, 2015, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) was notified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of four cases of suspected acute methyl bromide toxicity among family members vacationing at a condominium resort in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Methyl bromide is a pesticide that has been banned in the United States for use in homes and other residential settings. An investigation conducted by the U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Health (VIDOH), the U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources (DPNR), and EPA confirmed that methyl bromide had been used as a fumigant on March 18 in the building where the family had been residing, 2 days before they were transported to the hospital; three family members had life-threatening illness. On March 25, 2015, a stop-use order for methyl bromide was issued by DPNR to the pest control company that had performed the fumigation. Subsequent investigation revealed that previous fumigation with methyl bromide had occurred on October 20, 2014, at the same condominium resort. In addition to the four ill family members, 37 persons who might have been exposed to methyl bromide as a result of the October 2014 or March 2015 fumigations were identified by VIDOH and ATSDR. Standardized health questionnaires were administered to 16 of the 20 persons for whom contact information was available; six of 16 had symptoms consistent with methyl bromide exposure, including headache and fatigue. Pest control companies should be aware that use of methyl bromide is banned in homes and other residential settings, and clinicians should be aware of the toxicologic syndrome that exposure to methyl bromide can cause.
authors.forename: Prathit A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Mary Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Michelle T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Watters
authors.forename: Leah T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Graziano
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vaouli
authors.forename: Larry F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Cseh
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Risher
authors.forename: Maureen F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: Tai C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hunte-Ceasar
authors.forename: Esther M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005651:Fumigation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014767:United States Virgin Islands; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; C005218:methyl bromide