title: Cardiometabolic risk in Thai adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: obese versus non-obese.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiposity is an inflammatory condition contributing to the morbidity and mortality of several disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare cardiometabolic risk factors between obese and non-obese Thai patients with T2DM MATERIAL AND METHOD: The cross-sectional study was done in 20 obese (BM >25 kg/m2) and 20 non-obese (BMI 23 kg/m2) T2DM Researchers measured fasting plasma glucose and lipids, serum levels of insulin, leptin, adiponectin, and soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptors type 1 and 2 (sTNF-R] andsTNF-R2). Insulin sensitivity check index (QUICIKI) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thai obese adults with T2DMhad greater amounts ofsTNF-R2 and HOMA-IR, higher ratios of leptin/adiponectin, and more incidences of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia in comparison to non-obese counterparts. Additionally, HOMA-IR values in non-obese T2DMwere greater than those reported among non-diabetic Thai adults. A reverse association between inflammatory markers (both sTNF-Rs) andHDLC was detected. Leptin/adiponectin ratios correlated directly with HOMA-IR, serum insulin, plasma triglycerides and BMI, whereas HOMA-IR did not relate to any studied plasma lipid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrated an increased cardiometabolic risk in obese T2DM adults than non-obese T2DM adults among the Thai population. The leptin/adiponectin ratio may be more relevant to predict the risk of cardiovascular events in T2DMpatients than HOMA-IR.
authors.forename: Supornpim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chearskul
authors.forename: Apiradee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sriwijitkamol
authors.forename: Suwattanee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kooptiwut
authors.forename: Smarn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ornreabroi
authors.forename: Malika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Churintaraphan
authors.forename: Namoiy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Samprasert
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides