title: ER and Golgi stresses increase ER-Golgi SNARE Syntaxin5: Implications for organelle stress and βAPP processing.
abstract: Unresolved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress causes neuronal death and has been implicated in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms by which stress signals propagate from the ER through the Golgi apparatus and their effects on the transport and processing of AD-related proteins, such as β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP), are unknown. We recently found that in the NG108-15 cell line, ER stress upregulates ER-Golgi-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptors (ER-Golgi SNAREs) Syx5 and Bet1. In the present study, we examined the effects of apoptosis and ER stress inducers on the expression of ER-Golgi SNARE proteins and cell viability in a primary culture of rat hippocampal neurons. An apoptosis inducer significantly downregulated the expression of ER-Golgi SNARE Syx5. ER-stress inducers upregulated the expression of Syx5 isoforms and Bet1 proteins via de novo synthesis of their mRNA transcripts. Knockdown of Syx5 during apoptosis or ER stress induction enhanced vulnerability of neurons. Additionally, we examined the effects of Golgi stress on Syx5 expression and βAPP processing. Golgi stress also induced upregulation of ER-Golgi SNARE Syx5, and concomitantly, suppressed amyloid-β peptide secretion. These findings suggest that Syx5 is a potential stress responsive factor that participates in βAPP processing and the survival pathways of neuronal cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Physiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan. Electronic address: ksuga@ks.kyorin-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Physiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Physiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Physiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akagawa
mesh_terms: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002470:Cell Survival; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015388:Organelles / Q000378:metabolism*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D050765:Qa-SNARE Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050767:Qc-SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY
chemical_list: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; C098783:BET1 protein, rat; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D050765:Qa-SNARE Proteins; D050767:Qc-SNARE Proteins
keywords: ER stress; Golgi stress; Hippocampus; Neuron; SNARE; Syntaxin5