title: Repetitive acute intermittent hypoxia does not promote generalized inflammatory gene expression in the rat CNS.
abstract: Modest protocols of repetitive acute intermittent hypoxia (rAIH) enhance motor function in patients with chronic incomplete spinal injury. Since chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) elicits neuroinflammation, there is potential for rAIH to have similar effects. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that rAIH has minimal impact on microglial inflammatory gene expression, but up-regulates key neurotrophic factor expression in a CNS region-specific manner. Using real time PCR, we evaluated mRNA levels of inflammatory and neurotrophic factors in immunomagnetically-isolated microglia from rat frontal cortex, brainstem and upper and lower cervical spinal cord following rAIH (ten, 5-min episodes, thrice weekly, 4 weeks). In agreement with our hypothesis, rAIH had no significant impact on microglial inflammatory gene expression in any region studied. On the other hand, neurotrophic factor expression was altered in a gene- and region-specific pattern. These results have important implications for the safety of rAIH as a potential therapy to enhance neuroplasticity and motor function in patients with spinal injury or other neurologic disorders.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Comparative Biosciences, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Departments of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
authors.forename: Megan E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Departments of Comparative Biosciences, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
authors.forename: Rebecca S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kimyon
authors.affiliation: Departments of Comparative Biosciences, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
authors.forename: Gordon S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: Departments of Comparative Biosciences, Madison, WI 53706, United States. Electronic address: jjwatters@wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Jyoti J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Watters
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000276:immunology*; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000276:immunology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000276:immunology*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger