title: Effects of chromium malate on glycometabolism, glycometabolism-related enzyme levels and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats: A dose-response and curative effects study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of chromium malate on glycometabolism, glycometabolism-related enzyme levels and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats, and dose-response and curative effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The model of type 2 diabetes rats was developed, and daily treatment with chromium malate was given for 4 weeks. A rat enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to assay glycometabolism, glycometabolism-related enzyme levels and lipid metabolism changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the antihyperglycemic activity increased with administration of chromium malate in a dose-dependent manner. The serum insulin level, insulin resistance index and C-peptide level of the chromium malate groups at a dose of 17.5, 20.0 and 20.8 μg chromium/kg bodyweight were significantly lower than that of the model, chromium trichloride and chromium picolinate groups. The hepatic glycogen, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucokinase levels of the chromium malate groups at a dose of 17.5, 20.0 and 20.8 μg chromium/kg bodyweight were significantly higher than that of the model, chromium trichloride and chromium picolinate groups. Chromium malate at a dose of 20.0 and 20.8 μg chromium/kg bodyweight significantly changed the total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides levels compared with the chromium trichloride and chromium picolinate groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that chromium malate exhibits greater benefits in treating type 2 diabetes, and the curative effect of chromium malate is superior to chromium trichloride and chromium picolinate.
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Guanghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Huiyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Liuqing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiangyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: Chromium malate; Glycometabolism; Lipid metabolism