title: Association of Cytochrome-17 (MspA1) Gene Polymorphism with Risk of Gall Bladder Stones and Cancer in North India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholelithiasis is associated in 54%-98% of patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder, and a high incidence among females suggests a role of female hormones in the etiology of the disease. Cytochrome P450C17α (CYP-17) is a key enzyme involved in estrogen metabolism and polymorphisms in CYP-17 are associated with altered serum levels of estrogens. Thus, we investigated whether the CYP-17 MspA1 gene polymorphism might impact on risk of gall bladder cancers or gallstones, as well as to determine if this gene polymorphism might be linked with estrogen serum levels and lipid profile among the North Indian gall bladder cancer or gallstone patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  CYP-17 gene polymorphisms (MspA1) were genotyped with PCR-RFLP in cancer patients (n=96), stone patients (n=102), cancer+stone patients (n=52) and age/sex matched control subjects (n=256). Lipid profile was estimated using a commercial kit and serum estrogen was measured using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the patients in all groups were females. The lipid profile and estrogen level were significantly higher among the study as compared to control groups. The frequency of mutant allele A2 of CYP17 MspA1 gene polymorphism was higher among cancer (OR=5.13, 95% CI+3.10-8.51, p=0.0001), stone (OR=5.69, 95%CI=3.46-9.37, p=0.0001) and cancer+stone (OR=3.54, 95%CI=1.90-6.60, p=0.0001) when compared with the control group. However there was no significant association between genotypes of CYP17 MspA1 gene polymorphism and circulating serum level of estrogen and lipid profile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher frequency of mutant genotype A1A2 as well as mutant allele A2 of CYP-17 gene polymorphism is significantly associated with risk of gallbladder cancer and stones. Elevated levels of estrogen and an altered lipid profile can be used as predictors ofgall bladder stones and cancer in post menopausal females in India.
authors.affiliation: Department of physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India E-mail : dr.shraddha22@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Shipra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.forename: Sarita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Shraddha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Amit Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Madeshiya
authors.forename: Devendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Abbas Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.forename: Abhjeet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D042882:Gallstones / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics*; D015996:Survival Rate; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase