title: Response of human pulps to different in-office bleaching techniques: preliminary findings.
abstract: This study evaluated a whitening effect and the likely side effect (tooth sensitivity and pulp response) of human teeth subjected to different in-office bleaching (IOB) techniques and materials, mainly the presence of calcium in the IOB materials. A calcium-free (CF) and a calcium-containing (CC) 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) gels were evaluated. The CF was refreshed every 15 minutes, three times (CF 3-15) or in a single 45-min application (CF 1-45) at one bleaching appointment. The CC was used only in a single 45-min application (CC 1-45). Each technique was applied in 5 mandibular incisors scheduled for extraction for different patients. In control group, no tooth bleaching was performed. The tooth colour (TC) and tooth sensitivity (TS) were recorded at baseline and after IOB. The teeth were extracted 2 days after the application of IOB and subjected to histological analysis. The data was submitted to appropriate statistical analysis (α=0.05). The changes of TC were similar between groups and statistically different from the control (p<0.05). However, TS of groups bleached with CF was statistically higher than that recorded for CC and the control (p<0.05). In CF 3-15 and CF 1-45 groups, the coronal pulp tissue exhibited partial necrosis associated with tertiary dentin deposition. In CC 1-45 group smaller area of necrosis occurred only in three bleached teeth in which tertiary dentin deposition was observed. The calcium-containing 35%HP gel could be preferable for in-office bleaching because it caused less tooth sensibility and pulp damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: Douglas Augusto
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Roderjan
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stanislawczuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Josimeri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hebling
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto de Souza
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: Alessandro D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Loguercio
mesh_terms: D003116:Color; D003782:Dental Pulp; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity; D006801:Humans; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000009:adverse effects; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents