title: Label-free electrochemical DNA sensor using "click"-functionalized PEDOT electrodes.
abstract: Here we describe a label-free electrochemical DNA sensor based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-modified (PEDOT-modified) electrodes. An acetylene-terminated DNA probe, complementary to a specific "Hepatitis C" virus sequence, was immobilized onto azido-derivatized conducting PEDOT electrodes using "click" chemistry. DNA hybridization was then detected by differential pulse voltammetry, evaluating the changes in the electrochemical properties of the polymer produced by the recognition event. A limit of detection of 0.13 nM was achieved using this highly selective PEDOT-based genosensor, without the need for labeling techniques or microelectrode fabrication processes. These results are promising for the development of label-free and reagentless DNA hybridization sensors based on conducting polymeric substrates. Biosensors can be easily prepared using any DNA sequence containing an alkyne moiety. The data presented here reveal the potential of this DNA sensor for diagnostic applications in the screening of diseases, such as "Hepatitis C", and genetic mutations.
authors.affiliation: Nanobioengineering group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Electronics Department, University of Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain. Electronic address: tgalan@ibecbarcelona.eu.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Galán
authors.affiliation: Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, Australia. Electronic address: Beatriz.PrietoSimon@unisa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Prieto-Simón
authors.affiliation: Nanobioengineering group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Fundació Bosch i Gimpera, Baldiri Reixac, 4-8, Parc Científic Barcelona, Torre D, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: malvira@ibecbarcelona.eu.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alvira
authors.affiliation: Networking Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain. Electronic address: ramon.eritja@iqac.csic.es.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eritja
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry II and New Materials, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, d-89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Götz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry II and New Materials, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, d-89081 Ulm, Germany. Electronic address: peter.baeuerle@uni-ulm.de.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bäuerle
authors.affiliation: Nanobioengineering group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Electronics Department, University of Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain. Electronic address: jsamitier@ibecbarcelona.eu.
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Samitier
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry; D057930:Click Chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D004566:Electrodes; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D011108:Polymers; C121383:poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene); D004247:DNA
keywords: Azido-EDOT; Click chemistry; DNA biosensor; Differential pulse voltammetry; Electrochemistry; Hepatitis C virus