title: Tobacco Research in the Military: Reflections on 20 Years of Research in the United States Air Force.
abstract: The U.S. military is one of the world's largest employers. Approximately 30% of active duty military personnel smoke cigarettes and more than 14% use smokeless tobacco. The military has historically supported tobacco use and more recently is attempting to combat its use. Through 20 years of collaborative research with the United States Air Force, we have learned that smoking bans are effective, recruits who have never previously smoked cigarettes initiate tobacco use, smokeless tobacco serves as a gateway for smoking initiation, smoking is associated with discharge, smoking adds significant proximal training costs, tobacco use increases during deployment, and tobacco quitline counseling with a provision of medication is effective. Our findings may provide groundwork for future tobacco control efforts in the U.S. military.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 66 Pauline, Suite 633, Memphis, TN 38163.
authors.forename: G Wayne
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Talcott
authors.affiliation: Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905.
authors.forename: Jon O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Ebbert
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 66 Pauline, Suite 633, Memphis, TN 38163.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Klesges
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 66 Pauline, Suite 633, Memphis, TN 38163.
authors.forename: Brittany D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Linde
authors.affiliation: 60 MDOS/SGOW, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis Air Force Base, CA 94535.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Seals
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 66 Pauline, Suite 633, Memphis, TN 38163.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Krukowski
authors.affiliation: Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, 2200 Bergquist Drive, Suite 1, Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236.
authors.forename: Emily A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Grieser
authors.affiliation: Air Force Medical Support Agency, Surgeon General of the Air Force, Healthcare Operations (SG3), 7700 Arlington Boulevard, Suite 5158, Falls Church, VA 22042.
authors.forename: John Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, 2200 Bergquist Drive, Suite 1, Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236.
authors.forename: Denise M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Martin-Zona
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods*; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008889:Military Personnel; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology