title: Clavien-Dindo classification and risk factors of gastrectomy-related complications: an analysis of 1049 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the present study was to explore the major risk factors of surgical complications using the Clavien-Dindo classification.
  
  
  METHODS
  The case-control design was used. A total of 1049 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in Hunan Cancer Hospital between October 2010 and August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed, including 122 patients (11.6%) with complications and 927 patients (88.4%) with no complications. Risk factors were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following radical gastrectomy, 122 patients (11.6%) experienced a total of 151 complications. The incidence of Stages II, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb and V complications was 9.6% (n = 101), 2.5% (n = 26), 1.0% (n = 11), 0.8% (n = 8), 0% (n = 0), and 0.5% (n = 5), respectively. The incidence of severe complications (Stage ≥ IIIa) was 4.8% (n = 50). Multivariate analysis showed that combined resection (Odds Ratio [OR] = 3.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.71~6.60, P < 0.01), perioperative blood transfusion (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.38-3.29, P < 0.01), and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.16-3.40, P = 0.01) were independent risk factors of complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined resection, perioperative blood transfusion, and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) are positively correlated with complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, Central South University 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Pingli
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Kunyan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Jingshi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Yongzhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Tang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ming
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Hailong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Haizhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Chaohui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zuo
keywords: Clavien-Dindo classification; Gastric cancer; gastrectomy complications