title: Final 5-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Everolimus- and Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents for Coronary Revascularization in Daily Practice: The COMPARE Trial (A Trial of Everolimus-Eluting Stents and Paclitaxel Stents for Coronary Revascularization in Daily Practice).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to report the 5-year outcomes of everolimus-eluting stents (EES) and paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) in an all-comers population undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The medium-term 1 and 2-year results of the prospective randomized COMPARE trial (A Trial of Everolimus-Eluting Stents and Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents for Coronary Revascularization in Daily Practice) showed superior clinical outcomes with EES compared with PES in an all-comers PCI population. Whether this benefit is sustained over longer-term follow-up is unknown. Furthermore, systematic long-term follow-up data on these metallic drug eluting stents with durable polymers are scarce.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomly assigned 1,800 patients undergoing PCI to EES or PES. The pre-specified composite primary endpoint was death, myocardial infarction (MI), or target vessel revascularization (TVR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up at 5 years was completed in 1,791 (99.5%) patients. Treatment with EES compared with PES led to a relative risk reduction of the primary endpoint by 27% (18.4% vs. 25.1%, p = 0.0005), driven by lower rates of MI (7.0% vs. 11.5%, p = 0.001) and TVR (7.4% vs. 11.4%, p = 0.003), but not with mortality (9.0% vs. 10.3%, relative risk 0.88, p = 0.36). Moreover, patients treated with EES compared with PES had lower rates of definite/probable stent thrombosis at 5 years (3.1% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.005). The hazard curves for TVR, MI, and stent thrombosis diverge over the first 3 years and, subsequently, progress in parallel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The early- and medium-term superiority of EES over PES measured both by safety and efficacy endpoints is sustained at 5 years in this all-comer population. (A Trial of Everolimus-Eluting Stents and Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents for Coronary Revascularization in Daily Practice [COMPARE]; NCT01016041).
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: smitsp@maasstadziekenhuis.nl.
authors.forename: Pieter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Georgios J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Vlachojannis
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eugene Patrick
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: McFadden
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kees-Jan
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Royaards
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jochem
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wassing
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kaiyum Sheik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Joesoef
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Mieghem
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van de Ent
mesh_terms: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D000068338:Everolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D009426:Netherlands; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012307:Risk Factors; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D008670:Metals; D000068338:Everolimus; D017239:Paclitaxel
keywords: coronary artery disease; drug-eluting stent; everolimus-eluting stent; long-term follow-up; paclitaxel-eluting stent; randomized trial