title: Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia of the Testis, Bilateral Testicular Cancer, and Aberrant Histologies.
abstract: Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) is a precursor lesion for testicular germ cell tumors, most of which are early stage. ITGCN is also associated with testicular cancer or ITGCN in the contralateral testis, leading to a risk of bilateral testicular malignancy. Testicular biopsy detects most cases, and orchiectomy is the treatment of choice in patients with unilateral ITGCN. Low-dose radiation therapy is recommended in patients with bilateral ITGCN or ITGCN in the solitary testis, but the long-term risks of infertility and hypogonadism need to be discussed with the patient. Rare histologies of primary testicular cancer are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Pranav
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Genitourinary Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Jasreman
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dhillon
authors.affiliation: Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. Electronic address: wade.sexton@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Wade J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sexton
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000453:epidemiology; D019468:Disease Management; D018237:Germinoma / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009385:Neoplastic Processes; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Bilateral testicular cancer; Cryptorchidism; Infertility; Intratubular germ cell neoplasia; Microlithiasis; Rare histologies; Testicular biopsy; Testicular germ cell tumor