title: MicroRNAs predict and modulate responses to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.
abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Chemotherapy regimens consisting of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with either oxaliplatin or irinotecan are the first-line options for treatment of metastatic CRC. However, primary or acquired resistance to these chemotherapeutics is a major clinical challenge. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. miRNAs play important roles in many cancer-related processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion, and their dysregulation is implicated in colorectal tumourigenesis. Pertinent to chemotherapy, increasing evidence has revealed that miRNAs can be directly linked to chemosensitivity in CRC. In this review, we summarize current evidence concerning the role of miRNAs in prediction and modulation of cellular responses to 5-FU, oxaliplatin and irinotecan in CRC. We also discuss the possible targets and intracellular pathways involved in these processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100042, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100042, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State-Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
authors.forename: Matthew T V
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: State-Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.|Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
authors.forename: William K K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077150:Oxaliplatin
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D000077146:Irinotecan; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin