title: The Co-occurring Syndrome-Coexisting Erectile Dysfunction and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Their Clinical Correlates in Aging Men: Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a descriptive profile of men with coexistent erectile dysfunction (ED) and/or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), ED only or BPH only compared to those with neither condition and to identify the determinants of coexisting disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-report and/or medication use measures defining ED and BPH were assessed in men aged ≥40 years (N = 2142) between 2001 and 2004 using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Descriptive analyses examined the ED and/or BPH covariate distribution. Logistic regressions calculated odds ratios (ORs, 95% confidence interval) comparing men with ED and/or BPH, BPH only, or ED only to men with neither condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 393 men with BPH, 57.8% had coexistent ED, confirming the moderately strong co-occurrence of the conditions (P <.0001). Coexisting ED and/or BPH occurred in 10.6% of participants, whereas 24.4% and 7.7% reported ED and BPH. After age 60, the odds of reporting ED, BPH, or ED/BPH vs neither almost tripled per decade of increasing age, corresponding to prevalence increases. The unadjusted odds of ED and/or BPH vs no disease increased 1.3 times per prostate-specific antigen unit (ng/mL) increase and 1.1 times per C-reactive protein unit (mg/dL) increase. Other predisposing factors for ED and/or BPH included higher body mass index (OR = 2.5), increased antidiabetic (OR = 2.9) or proton pump inhibitor use (OR = 2.3), increased healthcare visits (≥4; OR = 3.5), and more frequent urinary voiding difficulties (OR = 9.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Co-occurring ED and/or BPH is evident in ~10% of men ≥40 years old and is associated with significant clinical correlates. Clinicians need to pay greater attention to this clinically important syndrome in aging men.
authors.affiliation: New England Research Institutes, Inc., Watertown, MA. Electronic address: kegan@neriscience.com.
authors.forename: Kathryn B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Egan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Arthur L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL.
authors.forename: Kevin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: McVary
authors.affiliation: Global Statistical Sciences and Advanced Analytics, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: New England Research Institutes, Inc., Watertown, MA.
authors.forename: Minhyung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company USA, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: New England Research Institutes, Inc., Watertown, MA.
authors.forename: Raymond C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rosen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity / Q000639:trends; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013577:Syndrome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology