title: An Integrated Approach Using Spatial Analysis to Study the Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis in Area of Recent Transmission.
abstract: Some epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis in the municipality of Formiga, Brazil, an important touristic site, were evaluated. Those included phlebotomine sand fly vectors, canine infection, and geoprocessing analysis for determining critical transmission areas. Sand flies (224 insects) belonging to ten different species were captured. The most captured species included Lutzomyia longipalpis (35.3%), Lutzomyia cortelezzii (33.5%), and Lutzomyia whitmani (18.3%). A significant correlation between sand fly densities and climatic conditions was detected. Serological diagnosis (DPP and ELISA) was performed in 570 dogs indicating a prevalence of 5.8%. After sequencing the main species circulating in the area were Leishmania infantum and Leishmania braziliensis. Spatial analysis demonstrated that vegetation and hydrography may be related to sand fly distribution and infected dogs. The municipality of Formiga has proven leishmaniasis vectors and infected dogs indicating the circulation of the parasite in the city. Correlation of those data with environmental and human cases has identified the critical areas for control interventions (south, northeast, and northwest). In conclusion, there is current transmission of visceral and canine human cases and the city is on the risk for the appearance of cutaneous cases.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima 1715, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Júlia Alves
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Rua Gabriel Abrão, 79081-746 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo de Castro
authors.initials: Ede C
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima 1715, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Dilermando
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Andrade-Filho
authors.affiliation: Fundação Educacional de Divinópolis, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Avenida Paraná 3001, 35501-170 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Mara
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.affiliation: Fundação Educacional de Divinópolis, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Avenida Paraná 3001, 35501-170 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mayron Henrique Gomes
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Maria Sampaio
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: George Luis Lins
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Machado-Coelho
authors.affiliation: Centro Universitário de Formiga, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo de Senna 328, 35570-000 Formiga, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Pinheiro
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Praça Dom Helvécio 74, 36307-352 São João Del Rei, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Madureira
authors.affiliation: Fundação Educacional de Divinópolis, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Avenida Paraná 3001, 35501-170 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tânia Cristina
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Christian Resende
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima 1715, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Pedro
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima 1715, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil ; Fundação Educacional de Divinópolis, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Avenida Paraná 3001, 35501-170 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Margonari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004285:Dogs; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D007891:Leishmania / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D010691:Phlebotomus / Q000502:physiology; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D062206:Spatial Analysis; D013045:Species Specificity