title: Continuities and changes in infant attachment patterns across two generations.
abstract: This study examined the intergenerational continuities and changes in infant attachment patterns within a higher-risk longitudinal sample of 55 female participants born into poverty. Infant attachment was assessed using the Strange Situation when participants were 12 and 18 months as well as several decades later with participants' children. Paralleling earlier findings from this sample on the stability of attachment patterns from infancy to young adulthood, results provided evidence for intergenerational continuities in attachment disorganization but not security. Children of adults with histories of infant attachment disorganization were at an increased risk of forming disorganized attachments. Although changes in infant attachment patterns across the two generations were not correlated with individuals' caregiving experiences or interpersonal stresses and supports during childhood and adolescence, higher quality social support during adulthood was associated with intergenerational changes from insecure to secure infant-caregiver attachment relationships.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , USA.
authors.forename: K Lee
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Raby
authors.forename: Ryan D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: L Alan
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sroufe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations / Q000523:psychology*; D009769:Object Attachment; D011203:Poverty; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: continuity and change; infant attachment disorganization; infant attachment security; intergenerational transmission; social support