title: Multicenter imaging outcomes study of The Cancer Genome Atlas glioblastoma patient cohort: imaging predictors of overall and progression-free survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite an aggressive therapeutic approach, the prognosis for most patients with glioblastoma (GBM) remains poor. The aim of this study was to determine the significance of preoperative MRI variables, both quantitative and qualitative, with regard to overall and progression-free survival in GBM.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively identified 94 untreated GBM patients from the Cancer Imaging Archive who had pretreatment MRI and corresponding patient outcomes and clinical information in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Qualitative imaging assessments were based on the Visually Accessible Rembrandt Images feature-set criteria. Volumetric parameters were obtained of the specific tumor components: contrast enhancement, necrosis, and edema/invasion. Cox regression was used to assess prognostic and survival significance of each image.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated 10 imaging features and 2 clinical variables to be significantly associated with overall survival. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that tumor-enhancing volume (P = .03) and eloquent brain involvement (P < .001) were independent prognostic indicators of overall survival. In the multivariable Cox analysis of the volumetric features, the edema/invasion volume of more than 85 000 mm(3) and the proportion of enhancing tumor were significantly correlated with higher mortality (Ps = .004 and .003, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative MRI parameters have a significant prognostic role in predicting survival in patients with GBM, thus making them useful for patient stratification and endpoint biomarkers in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Pattana
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wangaryattawanich
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Masumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatami
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Jixin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Ginu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flanders
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kirby
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wintermark
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Erich S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Ali Shojaee
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bakhtiari
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Markus M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Luedi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Syed S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hashmi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: James Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Scott N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Freymann
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Chad A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Holder
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Pascal O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Zinn
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.W., M.H., J.W., G.T., A.S.B., M.M.L., R.R.C.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (P.W.); Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology/ENT, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.F.); Bioinformatics Analyst III, Clinical Monitoring Research Program (CMRP), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.K.); Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California (M.W.); Cancer Research, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington (E.S.H.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.H.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California (D.L.R.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (J.Y.C.); Neuroradiology Section, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (S.N.H.); Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (J.F.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (C.A.H.); Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.O.Z.); Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (R.R.C.).
authors.forename: Rivka R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Colen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: TCGA; glioblastoma; imaging; overall survival; progression free survival