title: Prevalence of Individuals Experiencing the Effects of Stroke in Canada: Trends and Projections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous estimates of the number and prevalence of individuals experiencing the effects of stroke in Canada are out of date and exclude critical population groups. It is essential to have complete data that report on stroke disability for monitoring and planning purposes. The objective was to provide an updated estimate of the number of individuals experiencing the effects of stroke in Canada (and its regions), trending since 2000 and forecasted prevalence to 2038.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prevalence, trends, and projected number of individuals experiencing the effects of stroke were estimated using region-specific survey data and adjusted to account for children aged <12 years and individuals living in homes for the aged.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2013, we estimate that there were 405 000 individuals experiencing the effects of stroke in Canada, yielding a prevalence of 1.15%. This value is expected to increase to between 654 000 and 726 000 by 2038. Trends in stroke data between 2000 and 2012 suggest a nonsignificant decrease in stroke prevalence, but a substantial and rising increase in the number of individuals experiencing the effects of stroke. Stroke prevalence varied considerably between regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous estimates of stroke prevalence have underestimated the true number of individuals experiencing the effects of stroke in Canada. Furthermore, the projected increases that will result from population growth and demographic changes highlight the importance of maintaining up-to-date estimates.
authors.affiliation: From the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.K.); H. Krueger & Associates Inc, Delta, British Columbia, Canada (H.K., J.K.); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B.); Ontario Stroke Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B., C.O'C.); Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.B., D.C.); Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada (D.C.); Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, UHN-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); and Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H.). hans@krueger.ca.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Krueger
authors.affiliation: From the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.K.); H. Krueger & Associates Inc, Delta, British Columbia, Canada (H.K., J.K.); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B.); Ontario Stroke Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B., C.O'C.); Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.B., D.C.); Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada (D.C.); Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, UHN-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); and Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H.).
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koot
authors.affiliation: From the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.K.); H. Krueger & Associates Inc, Delta, British Columbia, Canada (H.K., J.K.); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B.); Ontario Stroke Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B., C.O'C.); Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.B., D.C.); Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada (D.C.); Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, UHN-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); and Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H.).
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: From the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.K.); H. Krueger & Associates Inc, Delta, British Columbia, Canada (H.K., J.K.); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B.); Ontario Stroke Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B., C.O'C.); Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.B., D.C.); Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada (D.C.); Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, UHN-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); and Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H.).
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
authors.affiliation: From the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.K.); H. Krueger & Associates Inc, Delta, British Columbia, Canada (H.K., J.K.); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B.); Ontario Stroke Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B., C.O'C.); Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.B., D.C.); Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada (D.C.); Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, UHN-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); and Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H.).
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayley
authors.affiliation: From the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.K.); H. Krueger & Associates Inc, Delta, British Columbia, Canada (H.K., J.K.); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B.); Ontario Stroke Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H., M.B., C.O'C.); Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.B., D.C.); Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada (D.C.); Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, UHN-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada (M.B.); and Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.E.H.).
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corbett
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003625:Data Collection / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: disabled persons; epidemiology; health surveys; prevalence; stroke