title: Comparison of contrast enhancement and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in healthy and cancerous breast tissue.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and compare with other contrast enhancement values and diffusion-weighted MRI parameters in healthy and cancerous breast tissue at the clinical level.
  
  
  METHODS
  This HIPAA-compliant, IRB approved retrospective study enrolled 77 patients (38 patients with breast cancer - mean age 51.8 ± 10.0 years; 39 high-risk patients for screening evaluation - mean age 46.3 ± 11.7 years), who underwent contrast-enhanced 3T breast MRI. Contrast enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging were performed to quantify BPE, lesion contrast enhancement, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) metrics in fibroglandular tissue (FGT) and lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BPE did not correlate with ADC values. Mean BPE for the lesion-bearing patients was higher (43.9%) compared to that of the high-risk screening patients (28.3%, p=0.004). Significant correlation (r=0.37, p<0.05) was found between BPE and lesion contrast enhancement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No significant association was observed between parenchymal or lesion enhancement with conventional apparent diffusion metrics, suggesting that proliferative processes are not co-regulated in cancerous and parenchymal tissue.
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Sackler Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: Gene.Cho@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Gene Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; New York University Langone Medical Center - Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moy
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Sungheon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Klautau Leite
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baete
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Babb
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Sodickson
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Eric E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Sigmund
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle / Q000379:methods; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology; D044584:Carcinoma, Ductal / Q000473:pathology; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000473:pathology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: 3 Tesla; Background parenchymal enhancement; Breast MR; Diffusion-weighted imaging; Dynamic contrast enhancement