title: Case Report: Pulmonary Alveolar Calcification as a Result of Severe Hypercalcemia due to Acute Lymphoblatic Leukemia.
abstract: Severe hypercalcemia is a rare metabolic disorder in pediatric medicine. This report describes a rare case of severe hypercalcemia and its clinical manifestations in a 2-year-old toddler. The radiological findings caused by hypercalcemia and osteolysis were emblematic of the osteolytic lesions. Hypercalcemia led to massive pulmonary alveolar calcification. The hypercalcemia was successfully treated with pamidronate, a bisphosphonate drug class. Further investigation resulted in a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The patient is currently on chemotherapy and has a favorable prognosis. Although severe hypercalcemia alone is an unusual finding as the first sign for ALL, this should be considered, not to mention the radiological images resulted from calcium deposits.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Santa Catarina Hospital , São Paulo, 01310 000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Colleti Junior
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Oncology Group, Santa Catarina Hospital , São Paulo, 01310 000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carla Armelin Benites
authors.affiliation: Radiology Center, Santa Catarina Hospital, São Paulo, 01310 000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spadaccia Dos Santos Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Santa Catarina Hospital , São Paulo, 01310 000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Norberto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Antonio Freddi
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Santa Catarina Hospital , São Paulo, 01310 000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Santa Catarina Hospital , São Paulo, 01310 000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Werther
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Brunow de Carvalho
keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; hypercalcemia; osteolytic lesions; paediatric case report; pulmonary alveolar calcification