title: Multiple astrovirus MLB1, MLB2, VA2 clades, and classic human astrovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan.
abstract: This study investigated the genetic variability of astroviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan in 2012 to 2013. A total of 330 fecal specimens collected from children with diarrhea were tested for astroviruses using RT-PCR and nucleotide sequencing techniques. Among the tested specimens, 54 (16.4%) were positive for astrovirus. Three different phylogenetic clades were detected. MLB was the most predominant clade (35 samples), followed by classic astrovirus (17 samples), and VA astrovirus (2 samples). Two types of MLB were identified (MLB1 and MLB2), while classic astroviruses were HAstV1 and HAstV4. Two VA astroviruses were identified as VA2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.|Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.|Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Pattara
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khamrin
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Aksara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thongprachum
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.|Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okitsu
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Niwat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maneekarn
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.|Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ushijima
mesh_terms: D019350:Astroviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D001257:Mamastrovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
keywords: Japan; acute gastroenteritis; astrovirus clades; diarrhea in children