title: Long-term outcomes in patients undergoing vitrectomy for retinal detachment due to viral retinitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the outcomes in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) secondary to viral retinitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective, consecutive, noncomparative, interventional case series of 12 eyes in ten patients with RRD secondary to viral retinitis. Results of vitreous or aqueous biopsy, effect of antiviral therapeutics, time to retinal detachment, course of visual acuity, and anatomic and surgical outcomes were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 1,259 cases of RRD during the study period, with 12 cases of RRD secondary to viral retinitis (prevalence of 0.95%). Follow-up was available for a mean period of 4.4 years. Varicella zoster virus was detected in six eyes, herpes simplex virus in two eyes, and cytomegalovirus in two eyes. Eight patients were treated with oral valacyclovir and two patients with intravenous acyclovir. Lack of optic nerve involvement correlated with improved final visual acuity of 20/100 or greater. Pars plana vitrectomy (n=12), silicone-oil tamponade (n=11), and scleral buckling (n=10) provided successful anatomic retinal reattachment in all cases, with no recurrent retinal detachment and no cases of hypotony during the follow-up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Varicella zoster virus was the most frequent cause of viral retinitis, and lack of optic nerve involvement was predictive of a favorable visual acuity prognosis. Vitrectomy with silicone-oil tamponade and scleral buckle placement provided stable anatomical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: David Rp
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Eric K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tarantola
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Tegins
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Herbert Culver
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Boldt
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Gehrs
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Elliott H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Folk
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA ; Omics Laboratory, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Vinit B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Mahajan
keywords: acute retinal necrosis; herpetic retinitis; retinal detachment; viral retinitis; vitrectomy