title: Management of mixed arterial venous lower extremity ulceration: A review.
abstract: Mixed arterial venous disease is estimated to affect up to 26% of patients with lower extremity ulcerations. However, its clinical significance and pathophysiology are incompletely understood. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment modality, whether conservative or operative. In this review paper, we describe the current understanding of the pathophysiology of mixed arterial venous lower extremity ulcers. Guidelines for diagnostic tests for patients with mixed arterial venous diseases are discussed. We review some of the newer biological skin substitutes for conservative wound care. Finally, we propose a treatment algorithm based on current available data.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA nhedayati@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hedayati
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA.
authors.forename: Yung-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Link
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007871:Leg Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014456:Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: arterial occlusive diseases; peripheral artery disease; ulcer; venous insufficiency