title: Evaluation of cutaneous wound healing activity of Malva sylvestris aqueous extract in BALB/c mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Malva sylvestris aqueous extract on cutaneous wound healing in BALB/c mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty seven male BALB/c mice (2.5 months of age) were used. A cut wound (superficial fascia depth) was made locally. The mice were then divided into three groups: the first, second and third groups received topical administration of M. sylvestris 1% aqueous extract, silver sulfadiazine topical cream and cold cream (positive and negative control groups), respectively. On days 4, 7 and 10 excisional biopsies were performed and wound healing was evaluated histopathologically. The data were analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On days 4 and 7, the numbers of inflammatory cells in the silver sulfadiazine and M. sylvestris-treated groups were significantly lower than the control group and keratinization at the edges of the wound in both groups was significantly higher than the control group. On the tenth day of the study, the Malva-treated mice showed better healing features and less fibrosis and scar formation, and also fewer hair follicles were damaged in this group. On the tenth day of the study, the numbers of inflammatory cells in M. sylvestris and silver sulfadiazine-treated groups were significantly lower than the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study supports the beneficial effects of M. sylvestris on the wound healing process and suggests a potential clinical application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran ; Medical Toxicology Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afshar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
authors.forename: Behdad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ravarian
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zardast
authors.affiliation: Medical Toxicology Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Adel
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Moallem
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hasanpour
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Fard
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoomeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valavi
keywords: Malva sylvestris; Mice; Skin; Wound healing