title: Sodium Butyrate, a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Reverses Behavioral and Mitochondrial Alterations in Animal Models of Depression Induced by Early- or Late-life Stress.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of sodium butyrate on depressive-like behavior and mitochondrial alteration parameters in animal models of depression induced by maternal deprivation or chronic mild stress in Wistar rats. maternal deprivation was established by separating pups from their mothers for 3 h daily from postnatal day 1 to day 10. Chronic mild stress was established by water deprivation, food deprivation, restraint stress, isolation and flashing lights. Sodium butyrate or saline was administered twice a day for 7 days before the behavioral tests. Depressive behavior was evaluated using the forced swim test. The activity of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes (succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase) and of mitochondrial chain complexes (I, II, II-III and IV) was measured in the striatum of rats. From these analyses it can be observed that sodium butyrate reversed the depressive-like behavior observed in both animal models of depression. Additionally, maternal deprivation and chronic mild stress inhibited mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and increased the activity of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes. Sodium butyrate treatment reversed -maternal deprivation and chronic mild stress- induced dysfunction in the striatum of rats. In conclusion, sodium butyrate showed antidepressant effects in maternal deprivation and chronic mild stress-treated rats, and this effect can be attributed to its action on the neurochemical pathways related to depression.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Sinalizacao Neural e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Unidade Academica de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brasil, 88806000. samiravalvassori@unesc.net.
authors.forename: Samira S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Valvassori
authors.forename: Wilson R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Budni
authors.forename: Gustavo C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Dal-Pont
authors.forename: Daniela V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Bavaresco
authors.forename: Gislaine Z
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Réus
authors.forename: André F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Cinara L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Camila B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Furlanetto
authors.forename: Emilio L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Streck
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quevedo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D046353:Immobility Response, Tonic / Q000187:drug effects; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008426:Maternal Deprivation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D020148:Butyric Acid; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase