title: Temperate forest and open landscapes are distinct alternative states as reflected in canopy height and tree cover.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
authors.forename: Remi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vergnon
authors.affiliation: Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J Hans C
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cornelissen
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate research, Atmospheric Environmental Research, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stijn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hantson
authors.affiliation: Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holmgren
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Egbert H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: van Nes
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: marten.scheffer@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Marten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scheffer
mesh_terms: D063245:Plant Development / Q000502:physiology*; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D014197:Trees / Q000254:growth & development*
keywords: remote sensing; savanna; shrubs; tipping points; trees