title: Characterization of a Raman spectroscopy probe system for intraoperative brain tissue classification.
abstract: A detailed characterization study is presented of a Raman spectroscopy system designed to maximize the volume of resected cancer tissue in glioma surgery based on in vivo molecular tissue characterization. It consists of a hand-held probe system measuring spectrally resolved inelastically scattered light interacting with tissue, designed and optimized for in vivo measurements. Factors such as linearity of the signal with integration time and laser power, and their impact on signal to noise ratio, are studied leading to optimal data acquisition parameters. The impact of ambient light sources in the operating room is assessed and recommendations made for optimal operating conditions. In vivo Raman spectra of normal brain, cancer and necrotic tissue were measured in 10 patients, demonstrating that real-time inelastic scattering measurements can distinguish necrosis from vital tissue (including tumor and normal brain tissue) with an accuracy of 87%, a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 89%.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada.
authors.forename: Joannie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Desroches
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada ; Brain Tumour Research Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Dept. of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 University St., Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jermyn
authors.affiliation: Neuronavigation Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University St., Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Kelvin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mok
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada.
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lemieux-Leduc
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mercier
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: St-Arnaud
authors.affiliation: EMVision LLC, 1471 F Road, Loxahatchee, Florida, 33470, USA.
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Urmey
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, McGill University, 3801 University St., Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Guiot
authors.affiliation: EMVision LLC, 1471 F Road, Loxahatchee, Florida, 33470, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marple
authors.affiliation: Brain Tumour Research Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Dept. of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 University St., Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Petrecca
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leblond
keywords: (170.5660) Raman spectroscopy; (170.6510) Spectroscopy, tissue diagnostics