title: MRI appearance of the superior transverse scapular ligament.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The superior transverse scapular ligament (STSL) forms the roof of the suprascapular notch, which is the most common location of entrapment of the suprascapular nerve, a cause of shoulder pain and weakness. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of visualization of the STSL on routine shoulder MRIs, to identify the sequences and imaging planes on which it is visualized most frequently, and to describe its typical MRI appearance, none of which have been previously addressed in the radiologic literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-one consecutive shoulder MRIs were reviewed for the presence or absence of the STSL, including the imaging plane and sequence that best depicted the ligament. Dimensions of the ligament were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty four of 121 shoulder MRIs were technically adequate for visualization of the STSL, and it was identified on 51 of these studies (94%). There was no statistically significant difference between 1.5-T and 3-T systems. The best individual sequence for visualizing the STSL was the sagittal T1-weighted sequence, in which the STSL was visible on 75/80 technically adequate sequences (94%). The sagittal plane was the best plane for visualizing the STSL, in which it was visible on 65/69 technically adequate studies (94%). The STSL on average measured 12.8 ± 1.5 mm in transverse dimension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The STSL can be visualized on the majority of shoulder MRIs and is best seen on sagittal T1-weighted images on our imaging protocol. Evaluation of the STSL can potentially help in identifying pathologic conditions affecting the suprascapular nerve.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 6E, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. fsimeone@mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: F Joseph
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Simeone
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 6E, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. mbredella@mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Miriam A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bredella
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 6E, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. cychang@mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Connie Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 6E, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. mtorriani@mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torriani
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 6E, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. ajhuang@mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Ambrose J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009408:Nerve Compression Syndromes / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: MRI; STSL; Shoulder; Superior transverse scapular ligament