title: Mobile Videoconferencing Apps for Telemedicine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The quality and performance of several videoconferencing applications (apps) tested on iOS (Apple, Cupertino, CA) and Android (Google, Mountain View, CA) mobile platforms using Wi-Fi (802.11), third-generation (3G), and fourth-generation (4G) cellular networks are described.
  
  
  METHODS
  The tests were done to determine how well apps perform compared with videoconferencing software installed on computers or with more traditional videoconferencing using dedicated hardware. The rationale for app assessment and the testing methodology are described.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings are discussed in relation to operating system platform (iOS or Android) for which the apps were designed and the type of network (Wi-Fi, 3G, or 4G) used. The platform, network, and apps interact, and it is impossible to discuss videoconferencing experienced on mobile devices in relation to one of these factors without referencing the others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apps for mobile devices can vary significantly from other videoconferencing software or hardware. App performance increased over the testing period due to improvements in network infrastructure and how apps manage bandwidth.
authors.affiliation: Office of High Performance Computing and Communication, National Library of Medicine , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Office of High Performance Computing and Communication, National Library of Medicine , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Wei-Li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Office of High Performance Computing and Communication, National Library of Medicine , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Locatis
authors.affiliation: Office of High Performance Computing and Communication, National Library of Medicine , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ackerman
mesh_terms: D040421:Cell Phone; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D063731:Mobile Applications; D013685:Telecommunications / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000295:instrumentation*; D049269:Videoconferencing / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: mobile health; technology; telecommunications; telemedicine