title: Gold nanorods as a theranostic platform for in vitro and in vivo imaging and photothermal therapy of inflammatory macrophages.
abstract: Inflammatory macrophages play pivotal roles in the development of atherosclerosis. Theranostics, a promising approach for local imaging and photothermal therapy of inflammatory macrophages, has drawn increasing attention in biomedical research. In this study, gold nanorods (Au NRs) were synthesized, and their in vitro photothermal effects on the macrophage cell line (Ana-1 cells) under 808 nm near infrared reflection (NIR) were investigated by the CCK8 assay, calcein AM/PI staining, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), silver staining and in vitro micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging. These Au NRs were then applied to an apolipoprotein E knockout (Apo E) mouse model to evaluate their effects on in vivo CT imaging and their effectiveness as for the subsequent photothermal therapy of macrophages in femoral artery restenosis under 808 nm laser irradiation. In vitro photothermal ablation treatment using Au NRs exhibited a significant cell-killing efficacy of macrophages, even at relatively low concentrations of Au NRs and low NIR powers. In addition, the in vivo results demonstrated that the Au NRs are effective for in vivo imaging and photothermal therapy of inflammatory macrophages in femoral artery restenosis. This study shows that Au nanorods are a promising theranostic platform for the diagnosis and photothermal therapy of inflammation-associated diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Jinbao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Zhiyou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kaichuang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Yuxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fukang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Xinrui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lijia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Junqing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xinwu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D010789:Phototherapy; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D006046:Gold