title: Flexural and Microtensile Bond Strength of Bulk Fill Materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural and μTBS of bulk-fill materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bulk-fill materials SDR, X-trabase (XTR) and TetricEvoCeramBulkFill (EVO) were used in this study. To test flexural strength, 25x2x2mm samples were prepared and tested with three point bending test. To test the microtensile bond strength (μTBS), two blocks (4x4x4mm) were prepared for each material. In Group A+B, acid-etching was applied to the surface of one of these blocks and no acid-etching was applied in Group B. After applying bonding agent, two blocks were placed into the mold and composite resin (COMP; Tetric N-Ceram) was applied with incremental layering. To evaluate the μTBS of primary dentin, the bulk-fill materials were applied to flat dentin up to 4mm. The new blocks and the teeth were sectioned to obtain sticks and the sticks were loaded in tension until failure. Flexural and microtensile bond strength was calculated based on failure load.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ranking of materials with regards to flexural strength values were SDR>XTR>EVO>COMP,respectively. In GroupA+B, the μTBS values were XTR>SDR>EVO and were XTR>EVO>SDR in GroupB (p>0.05). The μTBS values of these materials to dentin were XTR>EVO>SDR (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, the use of a bonding agent without acid-etching showed positive interactions between base materials and composite resin and there were no significant differences in μTBS of these materials to dentin.
authors.affiliation: From Cumhuriyet University Faculty Of Dentistry Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Sivas/Turkiye.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Öznurhan
authors.affiliation: From Cumhuriyet University Faculty Of Dentistry Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Sivas/Turkiye.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ünal
authors.affiliation: From Cumhuriyet University Faculty Of Dentistry Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Sivas/Turkiye.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kapdan
authors.affiliation: From Cumhuriyet University Faculty Of Dentistry Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Sivas/Turkiye.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Öztürk
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D055117:Curing Lights, Dental / Q000145:classification; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D018583:Pliability; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D008689:Methacrylates; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C425843:Prime and Bond NT; C553871:Surefil SDR Flow; C501891:Tetric EvoCeram; C121818:Tetric ceram; C529733:X-tra fil composite resin; D014867:Water; C030242:phosphoric acid
keywords: Evoceram Bulk-Fill; Flexural Strength; SDR; X-Trabase; microtensile bond strength