title: The Effect of Lavender Oil in Patients with Renal Colic: A Prospective Controlled Study Using Objective and Subjective Outcome Measurements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the usability of lavender oil as an adjuvant in the medical treatment of pain due to renal stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred patients age 19-64 years diagnosed with renal colic were included in the study. Group 1 (n=50) received standard medical therapy (diclofenac sodium, 75 mg intramuscularly); group 2 (n=50) received aromatherapy (lavender oil) in addition to the standard medical treatment. In both groups, the severity of the pain was graded between 0 (no pain) and 10 (severe pain) by using the visual analogue scale (VAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The VAS values at the beginning and at 10 and 30 minutes in group 1 were 7.70±1.61, 5.02±2.20, and 2.89±1.96, respectively; in group 2, the values were 7.83±2.02, 4.42±2.46, and 2.20±1.74, respectively. The VAS values for the male patients in group 1 at the beginning and at 10 and 30 minutes were 7.61±1.47, 4.80±2.00, and 2.67±1.74; in the female patients, the values were 7.81±1.80, 5.40±2.41, and 3.72±1.94. For the male patients in group 2, the VAS values at the beginning and at 10 and 30 minutes were 8.25±2.01, 4.93±2.72, and 2.96±1.90, respectively; for the female patients, the values were 7.52±1.94, 4.15±1.95, and 1.21±0.91, respectively. Results are presented as mean±SD. Although there was no significant difference between the VAS values at the beginning and at 10 minutes in both groups, the VAS values at 30 minutes in the group receiving aromatherapy plus conventional treatment were statistically significantly low.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the use of aromatherapy, which is a nonpharmacologic treatment method, as an adjuvant to conventional treatment methods will help decrease pain, particularly in female patients.
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat, Turkey .
authors.forename: Hilal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Irmak Sapmaz
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat, Turkey .
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.affiliation: 1 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat, Turkey .
authors.forename: Ufuk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Taş
authors.affiliation: 2 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat, Turkey .
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esen
authors.affiliation: 3 Clinic of Internal Medicine, Tokat State Hospital , Tokat, Turkey .
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barut
authors.affiliation: 4 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat, Turkey .
authors.forename: Battal Tahsin
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Somuk
authors.affiliation: 2 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat, Turkey .
authors.forename: Tufan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alatlı
authors.affiliation: 5 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat, Turkey .
authors.forename: Safiye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ayan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019341:Aromatherapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D027523:Lavandula / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D059408:Pain Management; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056844:Renal Colic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; C045718:lavender oil