title: Cortical thickness in de novo patients with Parkinson disease and mild cognitive impairment with consideration of clinical phenotype and motor laterality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive deficits. Several magnetic resonance imaging approaches have been applied to investigate brain atrophy in PD. The aim of this study was to detect early structural cortical and subcortical changes in de novo PD whilst distinguishing cognitive status, clinical phenotype and motor laterality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen de novo PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), 18 de novo PD without MCI (PD-NC) and 18 healthy control subjects were evaluated. In the PD-MCI group, nine were tremor dominant and nine were postural instability gait disorder (PIGD) phenotype; 11 had right-sided symptom dominance and seven had left-sided symptom dominance. FreeSurfer was used to measure cortical thickness/folding, subcortical structures and to study group differences as well as the association with clinical and neuropsychological data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parkinson's disease with MCI showed regional thinning in the right frontal, right middle temporal areas and left insula compared to PD-NC. A reduction of the volume of the left and right thalamus and left hippocampus was found in PD-MCI compared to PD-NC. PD-MCI PIGD showed regional thinning in the right inferior parietal area compared to healthy controls. A decreased volume of the left thalamus was reported in PD-MCI with right-sided symptom dominance compared to PD-NC and PD-MCI with left-sided symptom dominance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When MCI was present, PD patients showed a fronto-temporo-parietal pattern of cortical thinning. This cortical pattern does not appear to be influenced by motor laterality, although one-sided symptom dominance may contribute to volumetric reduction of specific subcortical structures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology Unit, Versilia Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, Lucca, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Danti
authors.affiliation: Medical Physics Section, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy.|Department of Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Toschi
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering 'Guglielmo Marconi', University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diciotti
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology Unit, Versilia Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, Lucca, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tessa
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, AUSL Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poletti
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology Unit, Versilia Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, Lucca, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Del Dotto
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology Unit, Versilia Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, Lucca, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lucetti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010641:Phenotype; D013788:Thalamus / Q000473:pathology
keywords: MR imaging; Parkinson's disease; clinical phenotypes; cortical thickness and cortical folding; mild cognitive impairment; motor laterality