title: Mamao Pomace Extract Alleviates Hypertension and Oxidative Stress in Nitric Oxide Deficient Rats.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress plays a major role in pathogenesis of hypertension. Antidesma thwaitesianum (local name: Mamao) is a tropical plant distributed in the tropical/subtropical areas of the world, including Thailand. Mamao pomace (MP), a by-product generated from Mamao fruits, contains large amounts of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive and antioxidative effects of MP using hypertensive rats. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), in drinking water (50 mg/kg) for three weeks. MP extract was orally administered daily at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg. L-NAME administration induced marked increase in blood pressure, peripheral vascular resistance, and oxidative stress. MP treatment significantly prevented the increase in blood pressure, hindlimb blood flow and hindlimb vascular resistance of L-NAME treated hypertensive rats (p < 0.05). The antihypertensive effect of MP treatment was associated with suppression of superoxide production from carotid strips and also with an increase in eNOS protein expression and nitric oxide bioavailability. The present results provide evidence for the antihypertensive effect of MP and suggest that MP might be useful as a dietary supplement against hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. upa_ku@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Upa
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kukongviriyapan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. veerapol@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Veerapol
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kukongviriyapan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. patc_pan@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Patchareewan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pannangpetch
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. wanida_ams@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Wanida
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Donpunha
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. jinsri@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Jintana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sripui
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Amporn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sae-Eaw
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand. kukkaiorachorn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Orachorn
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Boonla
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006614:Hindlimb; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
keywords: Antidesma thwaitesianum; Mamao pomace; antioxidant; endothelial dysfunction; hypertension; l-NAME; nitric oxide; oxidative stress