title: PLAID: a Syndrome of Complex Patterns of Disease and Unique Phenotypes.
abstract: PLCG2 associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation (PLAID) is a complex dominantly inherited disease characterized almost universally by cold urticaria, and variably by recurrent bacterial infection, autoimmunty and skin granuloma formation. Several striking phenotypes can emerge from this disease, and the pathophysiology leads to a complex mix of loss and gain of function in cellular signaling. This review discusses the key phenotypic characteristics and pathophysiologic observations seen in PLAID, and contrasts PLAID to several related disorders in order to best contextualize this fascinating disease.
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Pathogenesis of Allergy Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, 10 Center Drive, NIH Building 10-CRC 5-3950, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. jdmilner@niaid.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Milner
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000235:genetics; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000235:genetics; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology; D006099:Granuloma / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D013577:Syndrome; D014581:Urticaria / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies
keywords: Cold urticaria; PLAID syndrome; antibody deficiency; granuloma