title: Imaging of Retrochiasmal and Higher Cortical Visual Disorders.
abstract: Retrochiasmal visual pathways include optic tracts, lateral geniculate nuclei, optic radiations, and striate cortex (V1). Homonymous hemianopsia and field defect variants with relatively normal visual acuity suggest that the lesions involve retrochiasmal pathways. From V1, visual input is projected to higher visual association areas that are responsible for perception of objects, faces, colors, and orientation. Visual association areas are classified into ventral and dorsal pathways. Damage to the ventral stream results in visual object agnosia, prosopagnosia, and achromatopsia. Balint syndrome, visual inattention, and pure alexia are examples of dorsal stream disorders. Posterior cortical atrophy can involve ventral and dorsal streams, often preceding dementia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7800, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7800, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Imaging Service, South Texas Veterans, 7400 Merton Minter, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address: tantiwongkos@uthscsa.edu.
authors.forename: Bundhit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tantiwongkosi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, 757 Westwood Plaza, Suite 1621D, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salamon
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D009897:Optic Chiasm / Q000473:pathology*; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Lateral geniculate nucleus; MR imaging; Optic radiation; Optic tract; Striate cortex; Visual association areas; Visual cortex