title: Designing Hydrophobically Modified Polysaccharide Derivatives for Highly Efficient Enzyme Immobilization.
abstract: In this contribution, a hydrophobically modified polysaccharide derivative is synthesized in an eco-friendly solvent water by conjugation of benzylamine with the backbone of the biopolymer. Owing to the presence of aromatic moieties, the resulting water-soluble polysaccharide derivative self-assembles spontaneously and selectively from solution on the surface of nanometric thin films and sheets of polystyrene (PS). The synthetic polymer modified in this way bears a biocompatible nanolayer suitable for the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), a heme-containing metalloenzyme often employed in biocatalysis and biosensors. Besides the detailed characterization of the polysaccharide derivative, a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are used to investigate the binding efficiency and interaction of HRP with the tailored polysaccharide interfaces. Subsequent enzyme activity tests reveal details of the interaction of HRP with the solid support. The novel polysaccharide derivative and its use as a material for the selective modification of PS lead to a beneficial, hydrophilic environment for HRP, resulting in high enzymatic activities and a stable immobilization of the enzyme for biocatalytic and analytic purposes.
authors.affiliation: †Institute for Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Tamilselvan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.affiliation: †Institute for Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Raffael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rathner
authors.affiliation: ‡Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reishofer
authors.affiliation: †Institute for Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria.|§ARENA - Association for Resource-Efficient and Sustainable Technologies, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.affiliation: $Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Elschner
authors.affiliation: ‡Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spirk
authors.affiliation: $Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heinze
authors.affiliation: βInstitute for Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stana-Kleinschek
authors.affiliation: βInstitute for Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Rupert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kargl
mesh_terms: D001596:Benzylamines / Q000737:chemistry; D055162:Biocatalysis; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001596:Benzylamines; D001704:Biopolymers; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011137:Polystyrenes; D014867:Water; C030796:benzylamine; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase