title: Chitinase-3-like-1/YKL-40 as marker of circulating tumor cells.
abstract: Ex vivo expansion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients enabled systematic screening of secreted cytokines. Permanent CTC cultures of different patients shared secretion of chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1)/YKL-40, known to be upregulated in a range of tumor entities and to be associated with increased metastasis and decreased survival. This protein lacks enzymatic activity and its mechanism of promoting tumor dissemination has not been resolved. Results from SCLC CTC cultures suggest CHI3L1 as marker and important effector of tumor cell dissemination in the peripheral blood. Furthermore, this protein may link chronic inflammation of the lung, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: 1 Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology, A-1090 Vienna, Austria ; 2 Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for COPD and Respiratory Epidemiology, 1140 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.affiliation: 1 Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology, A-1090 Vienna, Austria ; 2 Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for COPD and Respiratory Epidemiology, 1140 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.affiliation: 1 Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology, A-1090 Vienna, Austria ; 2 Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for COPD and Respiratory Epidemiology, 1140 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Burghuber
keywords: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC); YKL-40; chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); circulating tumor cells (CTCs); prognostic marker; secretome