title: Developing a new methodology to characterize in vivo the passive mechanical behavior of abdominal wall on an animal model.
abstract: The most common surgical repair of abdominal wall hernia goes through implanting a mesh that substitutes the abdominal muscle/fascia while it is healing. To reduce the risk of relapse or possible complications, this mesh needs to mimic the mechanical behavior of the muscle/fascia, which nowadays is not fully determined. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology to characterize in vivo the passive mechanical behavior of the abdominal wall. For that, New Zealand rabbits were subjected to pneumoperitoneum tests, taking the inner pressure from 0 mmHg to 12 mmHg, values similar to those used in human laparoscopies. Animals treated were divided into two groups: healthy and herniated animals with a surgical mesh (polypropylene Surgipro(TM) Covidien) previously implanted. All experiments were recorded by a stereo rig composed of two synchronized cameras. During the postprocessing of the images, several points over the abdominal surface were tracked and their coordinates extracted for different levels of internal pressure. Starting from that, a three dimensional model of the abdominal wall was reconstructed. Pressure-displacement curves, radii of curvature and strain fields were also analysed. During the experiments, animals tissue mostly deformed during the first levels of pressure, showing the noticeable hyperelastic passive behavior of abdominal muscles. Comparison between healthy and herniated specimen displayed a strong stiffening for herniated animals in the zone where the high density mesh was situated. Cameras were able to discern this change, so this method can be used to measure the possible effect of other meshes.
authors.affiliation: Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, Mechanical Department, c/ María de Luna s/n, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: rsimon@unizar.es.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simón-Allué
authors.affiliation: Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, Mechanical Department, c/ María de Luna s/n, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: J M M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Montiel
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bellón
authors.affiliation: Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, Mechanical Department, c/ María de Luna s/n, Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Calvo
mesh_terms: D034841:Abdominal Cavity / Q000601:surgery; D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000601:surgery; D000818:Animals; D059685:Herniorrhaphy; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008422:Materials Testing; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D011312:Pressure; D011817:Rabbits; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
keywords: Abdominal wall; In vivo studies; Mechanical properties; Photogrammetry