title: In Vitro T-Cell Generation From Adult, Embryonic, and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Many Roads to One Destination.
abstract: T lymphocytes are critical mediators of the adaptive immune system and have the capacity to serve as therapeutic agents in the areas of transplant and cancer immunotherapy. While T cells can be isolated and expanded from patients, T cells derived in vitro from both hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer great potential advantages in generating a self-renewing source of T cells that can be readily genetically modified. T-cell differentiation in vivo is a complex process requiring tightly regulated signals; providing the correct signals in vitro to induce T-cell lineage commitment followed by their development into mature, functional, single positive T cells, is similarly complex. In this review, we discuss current methods for the in vitro derivation of T cells from murine and human HSPCs and hPSCs that use feeder-cell and feeder-cell-free systems. Furthermore, we explore their potential for adoption for use in T-cell-based therapies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Beau R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Webber
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohtashami
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Heather E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Stefanski
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zúñiga-Pflücker
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Blazar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation
keywords: CD34 +; Cell culture; Cord blood; Differentiation; Embryonic stem cells; Hematopoietic stem cells; Induced pluripotent stem cells; T cells