title: Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and growth until adulthood after very premature birth.
abstract: The accretion of bone mass is often impaired in preterm infants, which may contribute to postnatal growth failure. We tested the effects of the vitamin D receptor single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) c1521g, Fok1, Bsm1, and Taq1 on linear growth up until adulthood in 341 subjects born very prematurely (i.e., <32 weeks of gestation) from the Dutch Project On Preterm and Small-for-gestational-age infants cohort. The GG genotype of the c1521g SNP was associated with a 0.36 [95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.02-0.69] SD taller adult stature and the ff genotype of the Fok1 SNP with a 0.38 SD (95 % CI, 0.02-0.75) taller adult stature. Interaction between these genotypes on stature was observed from the age of 1 year onward (albeit nonsignificantly before the age of 5 years), with adult height being 1.54 (95 % CI, 0.44-2.63) SD taller in subjects carrying both genotypes. The Bsm1 and Taq1 variants were both associated with faster catch-up growth until 2 years of age. Statistical correction for potential confounders did not change our results. We conclude that homozygosity for the minor alleles of both c1521g and Fok1 is associated with a taller adult stature in subjects born very prematurely. The minor alleles of Bsm1 and Taq1 are associated with faster catch-up growth in infancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.finken@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Martijn J J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Finken
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marlies
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schrevel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeanine J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Houwing-Duistermaat
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Haaglanden, P.O.Box 432, 2512 VA, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aan V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Kharagjitsingh
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Friedo W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O.Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bobby P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Koeleman
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bart O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Roep
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001827:Body Height / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol
keywords: Follow-up studies; Growth; Height; Preterm birth; Vitamin D receptor