title: Consumption Patterns of Fruit and Vegetable Juices and Dietary Nutrient Density among French Children and Adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fruit and vegetable consumption is a marker of higher-quality diets; less is known about the contribution of 100% fruit and vegetable juices (FVJ) to diet quality.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore FVJ consumption patterns in relation to dietary nutrient density among French children (aged 3-14 years old) and adults (≥21 years old).
  
  
  METHODS
  Analyses were based on the nationally representative 2013 CCAF (Comportements et Consommations Alimentaires en France) survey of 1930 respondents, stratified by age group, FVJ consumption, and socioeconomic status (SES). Dietary nutrient density was based on the Nutrient Rich Food (NRF9.3) index, adjusted for gender and age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean total consumption of fruits and vegetables was 2.6 servings/day for children and 3.8 servings/day for adults. Mean population consumption of FVJ was 83 mL/day for children and 54.6 mL/day for adults, equivalent to 0.4 servings/day and 0.3 servings/day respectively. FVJ consumers had higher quality diets than did non-consumers, after adjusting for covariates. The respective NRF9.3 values were 486.4 ± 4.3 vs. 428.7 ± 7.5 for children and 460.7 ± 4.4 vs. 435.4 ± 4.4 for adults. FVJ consumers had similar or higher intakes of fruits and vegetables than did non-consumers. The socioeconomic gradient for FVJ consumption was much weaker (p < 0.046) than for whole fruit (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a nationally representative sample of French children and adults, fruit and vegetable consumption fell short of recommended values. Higher FVJ consumption was associated with higher-quality diets and better compliance with the French National Plan for Nutrition and Health (PNNS).
authors.affiliation: CREDOC, Centre de Recherche pour l'EtuDe et l'Observation des Conditions de vie, 142 rue du Chevaleret, Paris 75013, France. francou@credoc.fr.
authors.forename: Aurée
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Francou
authors.affiliation: CREDOC, Centre de Recherche pour l'EtuDe et l'Observation des Conditions de vie, 142 rue du Chevaleret, Paris 75013, France. hebel@credoc.fr.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hebel
authors.affiliation: VAB-nutrition, 1 rue Claude Danziger, Clermont-Ferrand 63100, France. veronique.braesco@vab-nutrition.com.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Braesco
authors.affiliation: Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, P.O.Box 353410, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. adrewnow@fhcrc.org.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Drewnowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D004034:Diet Surveys; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D005638:Fruit; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: consumption patterns; fruit; nutrient density; vegetable