title: Targeting Feeding and Eating Behaviors: Development of the Feeding Dynamic Intervention for Caregivers of 2- to 5-Year-Old Children.
abstract: Targeting feeding dynamics, a concept centered on the roles and interaction of the caregiver and child in a feeding relationship, may have significant potential for obesity intervention. The aim of this paper is to describe the 3-phase development of the Feeding Dynamics Intervention (FDI), an acceptability and feasibility study on implementing the feeding dynamic roles (Study 1), development of the FDI content (Study 2), and a pilot study on use of the 6-lesson FDI to promote behaviors consistent with a feeding dynamic approach (Study 3). Sample population was mothers with young children, 2-5 years old. An effect size (Hedges' g) greater than 0.20 was seen in more than half (57%) of maternal feeding behaviors, with the largest effect sizes (Hedges' g ≥ 0.8) occurring with behaviors that represent the mother adopting her roles of determining what food is served, not using food as a reward, and not controlling her child's intake. There was a significant decline in Pressure to Eat behaviors (2.9 versus 2.2, p < 0.01) and Monitoring (4.1 versus 3.5, p < 0.001). The FDI emerged as an acceptable and implementable intervention. Future studies need to investigate effects of the FDI on the child's eating behaviors, self-regulation of energy intake, and anthropometrics.
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Ihuoma U
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Eneli
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, 225 Psychology Building, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Tracy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Tylka
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Rosanna P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Watowicz
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hummel
authors.affiliation: Ohio Action for Healthy Kids, 370 South Fifth Street, Columbus, OH 43215, USA.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 300 North Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA ; Human Nutrition Program, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, 1700 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Julie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lumeng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D017028:Caregivers / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D002652:Child Behavior; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015397:Program Evaluation