title: Clinical research: Should patients pay to play?
abstract: Permitting patients to pay for participation in clinical research threatens the principles of social value and fair subject selection as well as robust clinical trial design.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146-6303, USA.
authors.forename: Ezekiel J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Emanuel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146-6303, USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joffe
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioethics, Clinical Center, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grady
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioethics, Clinical Center, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wendler
authors.affiliation: Department of Philosophy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2155, USA.
authors.forename: Govind
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Persad
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics; D006805:Human Experimentation / Q000941:ethics*; D006801:Humans; D018579:Patient Selection / Q000941:ethics*; D010361:Patients; D012945:Social Values