title: Use of Probiotics to Control Aflatoxin Production in Peanut Grains.
abstract: Probiotic microorganisms (Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii, S. cerevisiae UFMG 905, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii UFV H2b20) were evaluated as biological control agents to reduce aflatoxin and spore production by Aspergillus parasiticus IMI 242695 in peanut. Suspensions containing the probiotics alone or in combinations were tested by sprinkling on the grains followed by incubation for seven days at 25°C. All probiotic microorganisms, in live and inactivated forms, significantly reduced A. parasiticus sporulation, but the best results were obtained with live cells. The presence of probiotics also altered the color of A. parasiticus colonies but not the spore morphology. Reduction in aflatoxin production of 72.8 and 65.8% was observed for S. boulardii and S. cerevisiae, respectively, when inoculated alone. When inoculated in pairs, all probiotic combinations reduced significantly aflatoxin production, and the best reduction was obtained with S. boulardii plus L. delbrueckii (96.1%) followed by S. boulardii plus S. cerevisiae and L. delbrueckii plus S. cerevisiae (71.1 and 66.7%, resp.). All probiotics remained viable in high numbers on the grains even after 300 days. The results of the present study suggest a different use of probiotics as an alternative treatment to prevent aflatoxin production in peanut grains.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Bloco J, 4º Andar, Sala 171, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil ; Laboratório de Microbiologia Ambiental e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, ALC No. 14 Campus Universitário, Avenida NS 15 Bloco II Sala 05, 77.001-090 Palmas, TO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Fonseca Moreira
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Ambiental e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, ALC No. 14 Campus Universitário, Avenida NS 15 Bloco II Sala 05, 77.001-090 Palmas, TO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joenes Mucci
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Peluzio
authors.affiliation: Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Laboratório de Micologia e Micotoxinas, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro 80, 30510010 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.affiliation: Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Laboratório de Micologia e Micotoxinas, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro 80, 30510010 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jovita Eugênia Gazzinelli Cruz
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Madeira
authors.affiliation: Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Laboratório de Micologia e Micotoxinas, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro 80, 30510010 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marize Oliveira
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Ambiental e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, ALC No. 14 Campus Universitário, Avenida NS 15 Bloco II Sala 05, 77.001-090 Palmas, TO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula Benevides
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: de Morais
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Bloco J, 4º Andar, Sala 171, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Augusto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Ambiental e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, ALC No. 14 Campus Universitário, Avenida NS 15 Bloco II Sala 05, 77.001-090 Palmas, TO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raphael Sanzio
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pimenta
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Bloco J, 4º Andar, Sala 171, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jacques Robert
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Nicoli
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010367:Arachis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins