title: Erosive esophageal reflux vs. non erosive esophageal reflux: oral findings in 71 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this clinical study was to assess the prevalence of acidic oral mucosal lesions and periodontal conditions in patients suffering from erosive esophageal reflux disease (ERD) compared with non erosive esophageal reflux disease (NERD) patients, both treated with long term proton pump inhibitors (PPI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one patients with diagnosed GERD were studied: i.e. 29 ERD and 42 NERD patients. Thorough visual examination of the oral mucosa and a periodontal evaluation was performed. The primary outcome was defined as a statistically significant difference, between the two groups, in the presence of acidic lesions of the oral mucosa and specific periodontal parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study failed to demonstrate statistically significant differences between ERD and NERD patients with respect to the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions. However, significantly more ERD patients suffered from severe periodontitis (CAL ≥ 5 mm) as compared to NERD patients. Accordingly, it may be assumed that PPI-use had no adverse effects on the prevalence of acidic oral mucosal lesions and on periodontal destruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study it may be concluded that ERD and NERD patients need separate evaluation with respect to periodontal destruction. Moreover, long term PPI medication had no adverse clinical impact on acidic oral mucosal lesions and periodontal destruction. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the role of reflux in the periodontal destruction of ERD individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, München, Germany. herbert.deppe@mkg.med.tum.de.|Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgie, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, D-81675, München, Germany. herbert.deppe@mkg.med.tum.de.
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deppe
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, München, Germany. th.mucke@gmx.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mücke
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany. sw@med-imbei.uni-saarland.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagenpfeil
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, München, Germany. kesting@mkg.med.tum.de.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kesting
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, München, Germany. anna.rozej@campus.lmu.de.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rozej
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medical Department II, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, München, Germany. monther.bajbouj@lrz.tum.de.
authors.forename: Monther
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bajbouj
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, University of Berne, Bern, Switzerland. anton.sculean@zmk.unibe.ch.
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sculean
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004890:Erythema / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005744:Gastric Acid; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D019226:Oral Ulcer / Q000209:etiology; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000209:etiology; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000209:etiology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000209:etiology; D023861:Photography, Dental / Q000379:methods; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000209:etiology; D014060:Tongue Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors