title: Molecular Signatures of Reduced Nerve Toxicity by CeCl3 in Phoxim-exposed Silkworm Brains.
abstract: CeCl3 can reduce the damage caused by OP pesticides, in this study we used the brain of silkworms to investigate the mechanism of CeCl3 effects on pesticide resistance. The results showed that phoxim treatments led to brain damages, swelling and death of neurons, chromatin condensation, and mitochondrial damage. Normal nerve conduction was severely affected by phoxim treatments, as revealed by: increases in the contents of neurotransmitters Glu, NO, and ACh by 63.65%, 61.14%, and 98.54%, respectively; decreases in the contents of 5-HT and DA by 53.19% and 43.71%, respectively; reductions in the activities of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)/Mg(2+)-ATPase, and AChE by 85.27%, 85.63%, and 85.63%, respectively; and increase in the activity of TNOS by 22.33%. CeCl3 pretreatment can significantly reduce such damages. Results of DGE and qRT-PCR indicated that CeCl3 treatments significantly upregulated the expression levels of CYP4G23, cyt-b5, GSTs-σ1, ace1, esterase-FE4, and β-esterase 2. Overall, phoxim treatments cause nerve tissue lesions, neuron death, and nerve conduction hindrance, but CeCl3 pretreatments can promote the expression of phoxim resistance-related genes in silkworm brains to reduce phoxim-induced damages. Our study provides a potential new method to improve the resistance of silkworms against OP pesticides.
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Binbin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Fanchi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Kaizun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianghai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingsheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: 1] School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China [2] National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Weide
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: 1] School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China [2] National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D012831:Bombyx / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002563:Cerium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D019476:Insect Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D020011:Protective Agents; D002563:Cerium; C003135:phoxim; C026690:cerous chloride