title: Self-Stratified Antimicrobial Acrylic Coatings via One-Step UV Curing.
abstract: We designed and synthesized a novel quaternary ammonium methacrylate compound (QAC-2) bearing a perfluoroalkyl tail on one end and an acrylic moiety on the other. Via one-step UV curing of QAC-2 and methyl methacrylate (MMA) with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker, we obtained cross-linked coatings with excellent antimicrobial property, as demonstrated by the total kill against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) at a QAC-2 concentration as low as ∼0.06 mol % (∼0.4 wt %) relative to MMA, which was substantially lower than the QAC amount needed in the coatings containing QACs with a hydrocarbon tail. A zone of inhibition test confirmed that the antimicrobial effect was on the basis of contact killing and there was no leaching of antimicrobial species from the cross-linked coating. The high antimicrobial potency in QAC-2-containing films was the consequence of strong surface enrichment of the fluorinated QAC, as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University , P.O. Box 8064, Statesboro, Georgia 30460, United States.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University , P.O. Box 8042, Statesboro, Georgia 30460, United States.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Millians
authors.affiliation: Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.
authors.forename: Saide
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University , P.O. Box 8042, Statesboro, Georgia 30460, United States.
authors.forename: Tiehang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University , P.O. Box 8064, Statesboro, Georgia 30460, United States.
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ming
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects; D013499:Surface Properties; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C004919:ethylene dimethacrylate; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate
keywords: Antimicrobial coating; UV curing; perfluorinated reactive QAC; quaternary ammonium compound (QAC); self-stratification