title: Effects of condylar head surface changes on mandibular position in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated condylar surface changes in patients after temporomandibular (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, and used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to investigate the relationship between condylar surface and mandibular position changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients diagnosed with TMJ OA and receiving non-surgical treatments for TMJ OA were enrolled in this study. Patients were assigned to study groups according to the affected side. Those in the unilateral osteoarthritis (OAU) group (n = 20; 8 males and 12 females; aged 22.0 ± 11.5 years) had a unilateral condyle with TMJ OA, and those in the OAB group had bilateral TMJ OA (n = 16; 1 male and 15 females; aged 25.7 ± 6.4 years). Condylar surface and mandibular position changes were investigated by the superimposition of three-dimensional reconstructed images and CBCT data, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For condylar surface changes, the average absolute deviation was 0.32 ± 0.08 mm for the OA side and 0.18 ± 0.03 mm for the non-OA side, a significant difference between sides (p < 0.05). In the bilateral osteoarthritis (OAB) group, the average absolute deviation was 0.35 ± 0.08 mm for the left side and 0.33 ± 0.09 mm for the right side. For mandibular position changes, measurement points that moved more than 2 mm were Pog, Me, and Mental foramen in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study results show that the mandible with both condyles affected moved backward and downward after TMJ OA treatment. In the patient ngroup with unilateral TMJ OA, there was deviation on the affected side and downward movement (p < 0.05).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Head: Prof. W.S. Son, PhD, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Head: Prof. W.S. Son, PhD, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Byung
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Head: Prof. W.S. Son, PhD, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea; Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Geumoro 20, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan, 626 787, South Korea. Electronic address: kimyongil@pusan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yong-Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Head: Prof. S.M. Ok, PhD, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ok
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Head: Prof. W.S. Son, PhD, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Sik
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Head: Prof. W.S. Son, PhD, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Sung
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Son
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002680:Chin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Condyle; Mandibular position; Osteoarthritis; TMJ