title: Using social media as a strategy to address 'sophomore slump' in second year nursing students: A qualitative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An important contributing factor to the shortfall in the nursing workforce is the high attrition rate of students from nursing programmes. Recently, researchers have begun to examine the 'sophomore slump' phenomenon, related to students' sense of low self-efficacy associated with learning in their second year of study, that may be related to attrition.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Academic success is heavily influenced by self-efficacy, or a student's belief in their ability to be successful. Strategies that enhance self-efficacy include peer learning, which increases students' engagement and reinforces self-regulated learning. Social networking sites such as Facebook provide students the opportunity to take part in peer learning and may promote students' self-efficacy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to develop a Facebook forum that utilised peer learning, to build self-efficacy related to learning, of students commencing into the second year of a three year nursing programme.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students commencing into year two of a Bachelor of Nursing programme were invited to join a Facebook forum to support their study. One hundred and ninety-eight students accepted the invitation. Data was collected over a twelve-week period. Text from the Facebook forum was downloaded and analysed thematically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis suggests that Facebook forums may be a useful peer learning strategy to build students' self-efficacy related to study in the second year of nursing study. Students shared mastery experiences, provided modelling experiences, and used verbal persuasion to reframe problems which suggested that it helped build students' self-efficacy, and alleviated some of the physiological response associated with stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that social media platforms are important tools by which students can engage in peer learning to build self-efficacy around their nursing studies. This may in part help address the 'sophomore slump' phenomenon, enhance students' learning experiences more widely, and impact on students' decisions to remain in nursing programmes.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing & Midwifery, University of Queensland, Mater Education Centre, Level 4 Corporate Services, Raymond Tce, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia 4101. Electronic address: m.tower@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tower
authors.affiliation: Nathan Campus, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia. Electronic address: e.blacklock@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Eddie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blacklock
authors.affiliation: Nathan Campus, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia. Electronic address: bernadette.m.watson@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.affiliation: Nathan Campus, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia. Electronic address: c.heffernan@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heffernan
authors.affiliation: Nathan Campus, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia. Electronic address: g.tronoff@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Glenyss
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tronoff
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D010379:Peer Group; D036301:Qualitative Research; D020377:Self Efficacy; D061108:Social Media; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Nursing student retention; Peer learning; Self-efficacy in learning; Social media for learning; Sophomore slump