title: Knowledge and attitude of health-care professionals in hospitals towards pharmacovigilance in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drug safety has major implications for patients' lives. However, this concept is still considered new to some healthcare professionals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to investigate the knowledge and awareness of Saudi healthcare professionals to pharmacovigilance (PV). Setting Governmental and private hospitals at three main cities in Saudi Arabia (Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey among healthcare professionals (pharmacists, physicians, and nurses) within 12 Saudi hospitals was conducted between November and December 2012. The questionnaire consisted of 18 questions assessing the knowledge, awareness, and attitude of healthcare professionals (HCPs) towards science and the concept of PV. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The data were analyzed using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS 9.3). Main outcome measure Knowledge, attitude and practice of HCPs toward pharmacovigilance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three-hundred and thirty-two healthcare professionals completed the survey (response rate 72 %), 110 (34 %) physicians, 106 (33 %) pharmacists, and 104 (32 %) nurses. More than half of the participants (55 %) did not know the correct definition of PV. Two-thirds of the respondents, 207 (65.5 %), had knowledge of the aim of post-marketing surveillance, yet only 113 (36.9 %) were aware that the National Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety Center is the official body for monitoring adverse drug reaction in Saudi Arabia. In addition, 34.7 % agreed that lack of time could be a major barrier for reporting. The majority of the respondents (78.4 %) believed that reporting was a professional obligation and hospitals should have a drug safety department.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a limited knowledge of pharmacovigilance that could have affected reporting incidence. Educational intervention and a practical training program need to be applied by the drug regulatory body as well as health authorities to enhance the pharmacovigilance and drug safety culture in Saudi Arabia.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia. Thamer.alshammary@gmail.com.|Medication Safety Research Chair, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia. Thamer.alshammary@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Thamir M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Alshammari
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khaled K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Alamri
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Yazeed A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Ghawa
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Noura F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Alohali
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shaza A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Abualkol
authors.affiliation: Medication Safety Research Chair, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.|College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hisham S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Aljadhey
mesh_terms: D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D060735:Pharmacovigilance; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Healthcare professional; Hospital; Knowledge and attitude; Pharmacovigilance; Saudi Arabia