title: Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Criteria for biomarkers and endophenotypes of schizophrenia part I: Neurophysiology.
abstract: The neurophysiological components that have been proposed as biomarkers or as endophenotypes for schizophrenia can be measured through electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), polysomnography (PSG), registration of event-related potentials (ERPs), assessment of smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) and antisaccade paradigms. Most of them demonstrate deficits in schizophrenia, show at least moderate stability over time and do not depend on clinical status, which means that they fulfil the criteria as valid endophenotypes for genetic studies. Deficits in cortical inhibition and plasticity measured using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques seem promising markers of outcome and prognosis. However the utility of these markers as biomarkers for predicting conversion to psychosis, response to treatments, or for tracking disease progression needs to be further studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Cochin (site Tarnier), University of Paris-Descartes, INSERM U 894 Centre Psychiatry and Neurosciences , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Thibaut
authors.forename: Nash N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Boutros
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jarema
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oranje
authors.forename: Alkomiet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Zafiris Jeffrey
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Daskalakis
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wichniak
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riederer
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Falkai
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D004568:Electrodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D058068:Endophenotypes; D006801:Humans; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012955:Societies, Medical
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: biomarkers; diagnosis; electrophysiological measures; endophenotypes; schizophrenia