title: Effect of heat-processing on the antioxidant and prooxidant activities of β-carotene from natural and synthetic origins on red blood cells.
abstract: Extraction of bioactives is a cause of structural changes in these molecules. In this work, the bioactivity of commercial natural β-carotenes, one softly extracted without heat-assistance from Momordica cochinchinensis (BCG), one conventionally extracted from another natural source (BCC), and a synthetic one (BCS), was assessed during an additional heat-treatment mimicking formulation. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated after heat-treatment at different concentrations through hemolysis of horse red blood cells. The thermal 15-cis-isomerization of β-carotene, characterized by DAD-HPLC, resulted in a 2.5- to 4.8-fold increase in the anti-hemolytic effect but this was undetected in chemical assay, at 4 μM. At 100 μM, BCC lost its antioxidant properties and became pro-oxidant. This effect might be caused by long-chain-oxidized-products of BCC. Results demonstrated that a short heat-treatment improves the bioactivity of β-carotene but longer treatments made BCC prooxidant, showing that samples that underwent drastic extraction processes could not tolerate additional steps for functional food production.
authors.affiliation: UMR PAM (Food and Microbial Process) AgroSup Dijon/Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France. Electronic address: phanhanh.ub@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hanh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Phan-Thi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherches appliquées Spiral/Kirial International, 3 rue des Mardors, 21560 Couternon, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherches appliquées Spiral/Kirial International, 3 rue des Mardors, 21560 Couternon, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prost
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherches appliquées Spiral/Kirial International, 3 rue des Mardors, 21560 Couternon, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prost
authors.affiliation: UMR PAM (Food and Microbial Process) AgroSup Dijon/Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Waché
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D006736:Horses; D006358:Hot Temperature; D029775:Momordica / Q000737:chemistry*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019207:beta Carotene
keywords: Bioavailability; Blood cells; Heat-treatment; Isomerization; KRL; Momordica cochinchinensis (gac); β-Carotene