title: Characterization of the Nencki Affective Picture System by discrete emotional categories (NAPS BE).
abstract: The Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS; Marchewka, Żurawski, Jednoróg, & Grabowska, Behavior Research Methods, 2014) is a standardized set of 1,356 realistic, high-quality photographs divided into five categories (people, faces, animals, objects, and landscapes). NAPS has been primarily standardized along the affective dimensions of valence, arousal, and approach-avoidance, yet the characteristics of discrete emotions expressed by the images have not been investigated thus far. The aim of the present study was to collect normative ratings according to categorical models of emotions. A subset of 510 images from the original NAPS set was selected in order to proportionally cover the whole dimensional affective space. Among these, using three available classification methods, we identified images eliciting distinguishable discrete emotions. We introduce the basic-emotion normative ratings for the Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS BE), which will allow researchers to control and manipulate stimulus properties specifically for their experimental questions of interest. The NAPS BE system is freely accessible to the scientific community for noncommercial use as supplementary materials to this article.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Centre, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3, Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland. m.riegel@nencki.gov.pl.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riegel
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Żurawski
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Centre, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3, Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wierzba
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Centre, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3, Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.|Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Abnoss
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moslehi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Centre, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3, Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.|Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Klocek
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Applied Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horvat
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.|University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grabowska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Michałowski
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jednoróg
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Centre, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3, Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marchewka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001143:Arousal; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Affective ratings; Anger; Arousal; Basic emotion; Disgust; Fear; Happiness; Nencki Affective Picture System; Sadness; Surprise; Valence; Visual stimuli