title: Mangiferin Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells in Ischemic Mouse Retina via SIRT1.
abstract: To investigate whether mangiferin can increase the viability of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in ischemic mouse retina, and to determine the possible mechanism of neuroprotection.
  
  
  
  C57BL/6J mice underwent constant elevation of intraocular pressure for 60 min and received saline or mangiferin (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally once daily until sacrifice. HIF-1α, GFAP and SIRT1 expression was assessed at 1, 4, and 7 days after retinal ischemia. Bax and Bcl-2 expression was also analyzed at 1 and 4 days. RGC survival was assessed by labeling flat-mounted retinas with Brn3a at 2 weeks after retinal ischemia. The effect of co-treatment with mangiferin and sirtinol (SIRT1 inhibitor) was also evaluated.
  
  
  
  The expression of HIF-1α and GFAP was upregulated in saline-treated retinas within 7 days after ischemia. Mangiferin treatment suppressed this upregulation. The expression of SIRT1 was downregulated in saline-treated ischemic retinas. This downregulation was reversed by mangiferin treatment, resulting in a significant difference from saline-treated ischemic retinas. In mangiferin-treated ischemic retinas, Bax expression was downregulated, whereas Bcl-2 expression was upregulated in comparison with saline-treated ischemic retinas. Mangiferin treatment protected ischemic retinas against RGC loss. Treatment of sirtinol decreased the neuroprotective effect of mangiferin.
  
  
  
  Our findings suggest that mangiferin has a neuroprotective effect on RGC through downregulation of HIF-1a and GFAP, and upregulation of SIRT1 in ischemic mouse retinas. We suggest that mangiferin might be a potential neuroprotective agent against RGC loss under oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital , Gwangju , Korea .|c Department of Pathology , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital , Gwangju , Korea .
authors.forename: Mi-Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital , Gwangju , Korea .
authors.forename: Hwan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: b Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea and.|c Department of Pathology , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital , Gwangju , Korea .|c Department of Pathology , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002452:Cell Count; D002470:Cell Survival; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D044004:Xanthones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D044004:Xanthones; C013592:mangiferin; C470545:Sirt1 protein, mouse; D056564:Sirtuin 1
keywords: Mangiferin; SIRT1; neuroprotection; oxidative stress; retinal ganglion cell