title: Follow-up in Gynecological Malignancies: A State of Art.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main purpose of this article is to explore the current practice for follow-up of gynecological cancer, pointing out the different procedures, to determine the most clinically and cost-effective surveillance strategies after the primary treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the follow up strategies for ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer. All of the topics discussed below arose from the "ESGO State of Art Conference-Follow-up in gynaecological malignancies" in Turin, (September 11-13, 2014; http://torino2014.esgo.org/).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physical but these practices should be integrated with biomarkers or imaging strategies. Currently, most recommendations about follow-up are based on retrospective studies and expert opinion, and there is some disagreement on surveillance strategies due to lack of evidence-based knowledge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All surveillance procedures should be evidence-based with a clearly defined purpose: there is a need for prospective studies to compare the effectiveness of different follow-up regimens measuring overall survival, detection of recurrence, quality of life (QoL), and costs as outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zola
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Macchi
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cibula
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kimmig
authors.forename: Tiziano
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maggino
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kesic
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000191:economics* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000191:economics* / Q000592:standards*; D011788:Quality of Life