title: [Physical interactions in MRI: Some rules of thumb for their reduction].
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most powerful and at the same time gentlest clinical imaging techniques at the present time; however, the enormous physical complexity as well as simple inattentiveness (projectile effect) implicate a significant risk potential and place high demands on the MR operator to ensure a safe workflow. A sound knowledge of the potential MR interactions is the foundation for a safe and profitable operation for all parties.The first part of this article deals with the three most important sources of physical interaction, i.e. static magnetic field, gradient and high-frequency (HF) fields. The paper discusses the differences between each type of field with respect to the impact on human beings, the interactions with magnetic and electrically conducting objects/implants and the relevant safety standards. Each section is followed by simple rules of thumb to minimize potentially unwanted physical MRI interactions.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Radiologie, Krankenhaus Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau, Röntgenstr. 1, 06120, Halle (Saale), Deutschland, martin.muehlenweg@web.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mühlenweg
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schaefers
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trattnig
mesh_terms: D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008670:Metals; D061214:Patient Safety; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals