title: POZylation: a new approach to enhance nanoparticle diffusion through mucosal barriers.
abstract: The increasing use of nanoparticles in the pharmaceutical industry is generating concomitant interest in developing nanomaterials that can rapidly penetrate into, and permeate through, biological membranes to facilitate drug delivery and improve the bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Here, we demonstrate that the permeation of thiolated silica nanoparticles through porcine gastric mucosa can be significantly enhanced by their functionalization with either 5 kDa poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) or poly(ethylene glycol). Nanoparticle diffusion was assessed using two independent techniques; Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, and fluorescence microscopy. Our results show that poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(ethylene glycol) have comparable abilities to enhance diffusion of silica nanoparticles in mucin dispersions and through the gastric mucosa. These findings provide a new strategy in the design of nanomedicines, by surface modification or nanoparticle core construction, for enhanced transmucosal drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, PO Box 224, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AD, UK. v.khutoryanskiy@reading.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Edward D H
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Mansfield
authors.forename: Katy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sillence
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hole
authors.forename: Adrian C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Vitaliy V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Khutoryanskiy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004058:Diffusion; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D005752:Gastric Mucins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005752:Gastric Mucins; D011073:Polyamines; C511916:poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline); D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012822:Silicon Dioxide