title: Leukocyte-platelet-rich plasma diminishes bone matrix deposition in rat calvaria treated with autograft due to simultaneous increase in immunohistochemical expression of Indian Hedgehog, transforming growth factor-β, and parathyroid-1 receptor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the immunohistochemical presence of Indian Hedgehog (IHH), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and parathyroid-1 receptor (PTH1R) in calvaria bone repair, and compared these results with the histological bone matrix features in defects treated with autograft in the presence or absence of L-PRP.
  
  
  METHODS
  An artificial bone defect measuring 5 × 1 mm was produced in the calvaria of 28 Wistar rats. Randomly the defects were treated with autograft and autograft mixed with L-PRP. The animals were euthanized at 15 and 40 days post-surgery. Data were analyzed by Student-Newman-Keuls test (p ≤ .05) for immunohistochemical interpretation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed that the histological characteristic of bone matrix deposited in the defect was different in the defects treated with L-PRP. The group that received only the autograft demonstrated larger haversian bone matrix deposited, whereas the group that received autograft mixed with L-PRP revealed trabecular bone deposition. These results coincided with significantly higher immunopositivity for IHH, TGF-β1, and PTH1R in the L-PRP group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that L-PRP altered the biological characteristic of the autograft, increasing the bone cells IHH+ but inducing a trabecular bone associated with intense quantities of TGF-β and PTH1R.
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel Xavier
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Cerci
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovanna Schirmer
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Portela
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emanuelle Juliana
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Ricardo de Almeida
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Grossi
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Cesar
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zielak
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Melissa Rodrigues
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafaela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scariot
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana Miranda
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Deliberador
authors.affiliation: Department of Masters and Ph.D Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil. Electronic address: afgiovanini@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Allan Fernando
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Giovanini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064592:Autografts / Q000637:transplantation*; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D000071556:Cancellous Bone / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D006253:Haversian System / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044168:Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1 / Q000032:analysis*; D012886:Skull / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D044168:Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1; C546888:Shh protein, rat; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
keywords: Bone regeneration; IHH; PTH1R; Platelet-rich plasma; TGF-β