title: Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the Patient-Rated Wrist Hand Evaluation (PRWHE-A) in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study was to 1) perform a cross-cultural Arabic translation for the Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation (PRWHE-A) using standardized guidelines and, 2) to test the psychometrics properties of the translated measure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 48 patients with variety of hand disabilities, a mean age of 47 ± 16 years were recruited and assessed two times. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for assessing test-retest reliability of the PRWHE-A and its subscales while Cronbach's alpha (CA) was used for assessing the internal consistency. Construct validity was assessed by examining the strength of the correlation between the PRWHE-A and the Arabic version of the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH-A).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PRWHE-A demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (ICC= 0.97) and internal consistency (CA= 0.96). The DASH-A demonstrated moderately to low correlation (r= 0.64) with the PRWHE-A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicated that PRWHE-A is a reliable and valid assessment tool and can be used in patients with different wrist/hand disabilities whose primary language is Arabic.
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 1C7, Canada. Electronic address: hasanf@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Fatmah N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Hasani
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 1C7, Canada; Clinical Research Lab, Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Health Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Joy C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: MacDermid
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 1C7, Canada.
authors.forename: Ada
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 1C7, Canada.
authors.forename: Michelle E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kho
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003469:Culture; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D014175:Translating; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Cross-cultural adaptation; DASH; Hand; PRWHE; Self-report; The Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand; The Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation