title: The wits appraisal using three reference planes and its interaction with the ANB angle among a sub-set of Nigerians".
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Conjoint analysis of orthodontic patients using the Subspinale (A-point) Nasion-Supramentale (B point) (ANB) angle and the Wits appraisal is popular in many practices. This study aimed to present reference values for the Wits appraisal among Nigerians using three horizontal reference planes namely the bisected occlusal plane (BOP), the functional occlusal plane (FOP) and the maxillomandibular angle bisector (MM° bisector) plane. It also assessed the relationship of the Wits appraisal with the ANB angle and its interaction with clinical measures of sagittal skeletal relations among subjects with malocclusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred participants with normal occlusion and 120 with malocclusion were recruited in the study. Cephalometric radiographs were taken for all participants. Each radiograph was manually traced on a 0.003 matted cellulose acetate tracing paper using a sharpened 2H pencil. The Wits appraisal and ANB angle were determined. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 19.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 20.7 ± 4.9 years for those with normal occlusion and 18.8 ± 6.5 years in the malocclusion group. There were 91 (41.4%) males and 129 (58.6%) females. Mean values for the Wits appraisal using the BOP as reference, was--1.27 ± 2.91mm, with the FOP, it was -3.54 ± 3.24mm, while with the MM° bisector plane, it was--.75? ± .94mm. The ANB angle showed highest correlation with the MM'°bisector plane Wits value(P< 0 .001). CCONCLUSION: hen the clinical and angular cephalometric findings are at variance, the ANB angle is best moderated by the MM'° isector plane Wits appraisal.
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Ifesanya
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Adeyemi
authors.forename: O D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Otuyemi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D009549:Nigeria; D012016:Reference Values