title: [Blood cultures in the paediatric emergency department. Guidelines and recommendations on their indications, collection, processing and interpretation].
abstract: Blood culture (BC) is the gold standard when a bacteraemia is suspected, and is one of the most requested microbiological tests in paediatrics. Some changes have occurred in recent years: the introduction of new vaccines, the increasing number of patients with central vascular catheters, as well as the introduction of continuous monitoring BC systems. These changes have led to the review and update of different factors related to this technique in order to optimise its use. A practice guideline is presented with recommendations on BC, established by the Spanish Society of Paediatric Emergency Care and the Spanish Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases. After reviewing the available scientific evidence, several recommendations for each of the following aspects are presented: BC indications in the Emergency Department, how to obtain, transport and process cultures, special situations (indications and interpretation of results in immunosuppressed patients and/or central vascular catheter carriers, indications for anaerobic BC), differentiation between bacteraemia and contamination when a BC shows bacterial growth and actions to take with a positive BC in patients with fever of unknown origin.
authors.affiliation: Grupo para el estudio de la bacteriemia, Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP), Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP). Electronic address: shernandez@hsjdbcn.org.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hernández-Bou
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica (SEIP).
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Álvarez Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Grupo para el estudio de la bacteriemia, Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP), Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP).
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Campo Fernández
authors.affiliation: Grupo para el estudio de la bacteriemia, Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP), Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP).
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: García Herrero
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gené Giralt
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giménez Pérez
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica (SEIP).
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piñeiro Pérez
authors.affiliation: Grupo para el estudio de la bacteriemia, Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP), Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP).
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gómez Cortés
authors.affiliation: Grupo para el estudio de la bacteriemia, Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP), Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP).
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica (SEIP).
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Menasalvas Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Grupo para el estudio de la bacteriemia, Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP), Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría (SEUP).
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: García García
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica (SEIP).
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodrigo Gonzalo de Liria
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000071997:Blood Culture / Q000592:standards*; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000592:standards*; D002648:Child; D003663:Decision Trees; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006801:Humans
keywords: Bacteraemia; Bacteriemia; Blood culture; Contaminación; Contamination; Emergency department; Fever of unknown origin; Fiebre sin foco; Hemocultivo; Interpretación; Interpretation; Specimen collection; Técnica extracción; Urgencias