title: Microleakage in Resin Composite Restoration following Antimicrobial Pre-treatments with 2% Chlorhexidine and Clearfil Protect Bond.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate microleakage in resin composite restorations after antimicrobial pre - treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty freshly extracted non carious human premolars were procured. In all forty premolar specimens, class V preparation of standard dimension were prepared and were randomly divided into three experimental and one control group. In all control and experimental groups the class V preparations were restored with FILTEK Z350 composite restorative material. The experimental groups included different self etching primers and 2% Chlorhexidine gluconate. The control group included Xeno III and no antimicrobial pre-treatment was done for the control group. Thereafter these specimens were thermocycled, dried and sealed with nail varnish, leaving 1mm around the restoration and immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 hours and then the specimens were subjected for microleakage evaluation. The results were statistically analyzed by Kruskal Wallis Test and Mann Whitney 'U' test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicate that group II (2% chlorhexidine gluconate group) had the minimum mean value (15.05) and group III(Clearfil protect Bond group) and IV(control group) had the maximum mean microleakage at the enamel margin (23.00). At the gingival margin the lowest mean microleakage values were obtained with group I (Clearfil SE bond group) and group II (2% chlorhexidine gluconate) (20.25) and highest with group III and group IV (20.85). The difference was not statistically significant both at the enamel margin and the dentin margin (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this in-vitro study, we conclude that: None of the materials tested in this study completely eliminated microleakage at the enamel and at the gingival margin.All of the tested materials provided better sealing at the enamel margin than at the gingival margin.
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Royal Dental College, Chalissery, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Hisham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hameed
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Royal Dental College, Chalissery, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Biju P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Royal Dental College, Chalissery, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: V M Mohammed
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Sagir
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Royal Dental College, Chalissery, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Kennet J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Chiriyath
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Royal Dental College, Chalissery, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Jones
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathias
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Orthodontics, Royal Dental College, Chalissery, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Shaji
keywords: Antimicrobial pre-treatment; class V cavity; microleakage; self-etching primers