title: Quercetin intraperitoneal administration ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to unravel pharmacological effects of quercetin (Q) on systemic inflammation in septic mice, and compare it to quercetin-3-glucuronide (Q3G), a major metabolite of Q.
  
  
  METHODS
  A suitable sepsis mouse model was first established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intraperitoneally (i.p.). Q or Q3G was administered i.p. to septic mice in a prophylactic or therapeutic manner. Pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine secretion profiles by peritoneal macrophages of the mice were measured using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice which received 8mg/kg BW LPS i.p. for 12h resulted in intermediate systemic inflammation, suggesting a useful mild septic mouse model. At non-toxic doses, Q or Q3G (0.06 or 0.15μmol/mouse) i.p. injected in a prophylactic manner significantly (P<0.05) increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 secretions by peritoneal macrophages of the LPS-induced septic mice. Q, but not Q3G, i.p. injected in a therapeutic manner significantly (P<0.05) increased IL-10 secretions by peritoneal macrophages of the septic mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that Q, but not Q3G, has pharmacological effects to ameliorate systemic inflammation. These results are the first to show that Q has potent potential against sepsis in both prophylactic and therapeutic manners in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan ROC.
authors.forename: Yi-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan ROC. Electronic address: jinlin@nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jin-Yuarn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D011794:Quercetin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011794:Quercetin
keywords: Intraperitoneal administration; Lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation; Macrophages; Pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines; Quercetin; Quercetin-3-glucuronide