title: Fasted Exercise and Increased Dietary Protein Reduces Body Fat and Improves Strength in Jockeys.
abstract: The present study assessed the effects of a diet and exercise intervention in jockeys on body composition, metabolism, bone and mental health. 10 jockeys followed an individually prescribed 6-wk diet (Carbohydrate=2.5-3.5 g/kg, Protein=2.5 g/kg, Fat=1.0 g/kg). Body mass (59.2±4.6 vs. 57.6±4.5 kg), fat mass (7.5±3.5 vs. 6.2±2.6) and body fat (13.1±5.9 vs. 11.5±4.9%) all decreased (P<0.05) from pre to post-intervention whilst lean mass (47.1±5.3 vs. 47.0±5.5 kg) was maintained (P=0.80). RMR (1703±329 vs. 1975±313 kcal.d(-1)), VO2max (3.8±0.8 vs. 4.1±0.7 L/min(- 1)) chest strength (65±11 vs. 71±13 kg), leg strength (160±28 vs. 175±29 kg) and jumping height (40±6 vs. 48±5 cm) significantly increased (P<0.05). Bone health (DXA) did not change (P>0.05) at hip (-1.04±1.29 vs. - 0.76±0.71) or lumbar sites (-1.32±0.76 vs. - 1.31±0.77). Psychometrics (GHQ-12 and EAT-26) remained unchanged (10.3±4.3 vs. 8.9±3.8 and 14.8±9.6 vs. 11.0±5.6, P>0.05, respectively). This approach represents a marked difference from jockeys' habitual weight-making that largely involves dehydration and food deprivation.
authors.affiliation: Liverpool John Moores University, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: The Culverhay Surgery, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.affiliation: The Priory Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.affiliation: Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Clinical Biochemistry, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: Aintree University Hospital, Radiology, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Liverpool John Moores University, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Langan-Evans
authors.affiliation: Liverpool John Moores University, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Routledge
authors.affiliation: Liverpool John Moores University, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.affiliation: Liverpool John Moores University, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.affiliation: Liverpool John Moores University, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Close
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition; D015519:Bone Density; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005215:Fasting; D006339:Heart Rate; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011594:Psychometrics; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004044:Dietary Proteins