title: Qian Five Rhinoceros Gindeng (QFRG) protects against development of immune thrombocytopenia via miR-181a inhibition of TLR-4 expression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been considered to be effective auxiliary strategy for the treatment of hemocytopenia including immune thrombocytopenia. However, the molecular mechanism is still not understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  In present study, Qian Five Rhinoceros Gindeng (QFRG) mainly containing buffalo horn, rehmannia root, radix rubia, trogopterus dung and radix salviae miltiorrhizae administrated to thrombocytopenia mice induced by injection of MWReg30. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), Toll Like Receptors (TLRs) and cytokines were assayed in monocytes separated from mice peripheral blood. The relationship between miRNAs and TLRs was investigated in Mouse leukaemic monocyte macrophage cell line RAW264.7.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mice with administration of QFRG had a significant increase in platelet count, and miR-181a of monocytes was markedly up-regulated in QFRG treated group. QFRG also decreased the levels of TLR4, IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, miR-181a inhibitor reversed the effects of QFRG on platelet count, TLR4 and cytokines. Overexpression of miR-181a in lipopolysaccharide-induced showed a decrease of TLR4, IL-6 and TNF-α level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QFRG protects against development of immune thrombocytopenia via miR-181a inhibition of TLR-4 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, The First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Zhou
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, The First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Ru-Feng
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, The First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, The First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Hua
keywords: Rhinoceros horn; immune thrombocytopenia; toll like receptor; traditional Chinese medicine