title: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease induced by exposure to biomass smoke is associated with a Th2 cytokine production profile.
abstract: Smoking and exposure to biomass smoke induce the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and the activation of T helper cells. The resulting inflammatory response contributes to the development of COPD. Clinical heterogeneity exists among COPD patients, particularly between patients with disease associated with tobacco smoking (TS-COPD) and those exposed to biomass smoke (BE-COPD). The aim of this study was to identify whether exposure to tobacco and biomass smokes promotes different Th responses that contribute to clinical variability. The study only included women. The frequency of Th17 cells in patients with TS-COPD was significantly higher than in patients with BE-COPD and healthy controls (HC). In contrast, patients with BE-COPD had higher levels of Th2 cells than TS-COPD and HC. In accordance, IL-4 serum concentration was higher in BE-COPD than in TS-COPD. Our data indicates that the different responses induced by these two irritants may underlie the clinical heterogeneity between TS- and BE-COPD patients.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: helenasolleiro@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Solleiro-Villavicencio
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico. Electronic address: h.quintanacarrillo@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Quintana-Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de HLA, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: dcb_rfalfanv@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ramcés
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Falfán-Valencia
authors.affiliation: Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: manecbba@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: María Inés
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Vargas-Rojas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018533:Biomass; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012907:Smoking / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke; D015847:Interleukin-4
keywords: Biomass smoke; COPD; Cigarette smoke; Cytokines; T helper cells