title: Evidence for CVD 103-HgR as an effective single-dose oral cholera vaccine.
abstract: We propose the ideal oral cholera vaccine (OCV) should be an inexpensive, single, oral dose that rapidly confers immunity for a long duration, and is well tolerated by individuals vulnerable to cholera. Vaccine trials in industrialized countries of a single oral dose of 5 × 10(8) colony forming units (CFU) of the live, attenuated cholera strain CVD 103-HgR have shown 88-97% serum vibriocidal antibody seroconversion rates, a correlate of protection and documented vaccine efficacy of ≥80% using volunteer challenge studies with wild-type cholera. For individuals of developing countries, a 5 × 10(9) CFU dose of CVD 103-HgR is necessary to elicit similar antibody responses. Presently, a reformulation of CVD 103-HgR is in late-stage clinical development for prospective US FDA licensure; making a cholera vaccine for US travelers potentially accessible in 2016. The availability of CVD 103-HgR should be a welcome addition to the currently available OCVs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Suite 480, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Wilbur H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D002771:Cholera / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022121:Cholera Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014195:Travel; D064166:Vaccine Potency; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D022121:Cholera Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; C414990:cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR