title: Plasma long non-coding RNA, CoroMarker, a novel biomarker for diagnosis of coronary artery disease.
abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but whether circulating lncRNAs can serve as a coronary artery disease (CAD), biomarker is not known. The present study screened lncRNAs by microarray analysis in the plasma from CAD patients and control individuals and found that 265 lncRNAs were differentially expressed. To find specific lncRNAs as possible CAD biomarker candidates, we used the following criteria for 174 up-regulated lncRNAs: signal intensity ≥8, fold change >2.5 and P<0.005. According to these criteria, five intergenic lncRNAs were identified. After validation by quantitative PCR (qPCR), one lncRNA was excluded from the candidate list. The remaining four lncRNAs were independently validated in another population of 20 CAD patients and 20 control individuals. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that lncRNA AC100865.1 (referred to as CoroMarker) was the best of these lncRNAs. CoroMarker levels were also stable in plasma. The predictive value of CoroMarker was further assessed in a larger cohort with 221 CAD patients and 187 control individuals. Using a diagnostic model with Fisher's criteria, taking the risk factors into account, the optimal sensitivity of CoroMarker for CAD increased from 68.29% to 78.05%, whereas the specificity decreased slightly from 91.89% to 86.49%. CoroMarker was stable in plasma because it was mainly in the extracellular vesicles (EVs), probably from monocytes. We conclude that CoroMarker is a stable, sensitive and specific biomarker for CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yujia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Gengze
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xinjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yukai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xinquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Junyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Chuanwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Xiongwen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, U.S.A. Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Pedro A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Jose
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China chunyuzeng167@163.com linzhou007@126.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China chunyuzeng167@163.com linzhou007@126.com.
authors.forename: Chunyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D022661:RNA, Untranslated
keywords: cardiac biomarkers; circulating lncRNA; coronary artery disease; diagnosis; long non-coding RNA