title: A new species of Simulium (Chirostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Mantiqueira mountain range, southeastern Brazil.
abstract: Simulium (Chirostilbia) vitribasi n. sp. from the Mantiqueira mountain range, in São Paulo and Minas Gerais states, southeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated based on male, female, pupal and larval morphologies. The pupae of the new species is similar to the one of Simulium pertinax Kollar, one of the most voracious black fly species in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil and a target of control programs in these regions. But the pupa of the new species has a large basal fenestra in the gills that distinguishes it from all other S. (Chirostilibia) species. The other life stages of the new species also have morphological characters that distinguish it from the other species in the subgenus: male has scutum black, with patches of thick, golden hairs; female has scutum similar to that of the male, without banding or other markers, abdominal tergites I and II whitish and sternite VIII dark, heavily sclerotized; anal lobe almost as wide as long, with thin, long hairs on its outer margin; larva body cuticle has wide scale-like setae, with lobulated distal margins. Females were not observed biting humans during the fieldwork.
authors.affiliation: Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil. Electronic address: nhamada@inpa.gov.br.
authors.forename: Neusa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.affiliation: Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil. Electronic address: jeanemarcelle@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jeane Marcelle Cavalcante
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: mateuspepi@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Mateus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pepinelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008297:Male; D011679:Pupa / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D045483:Rivers; D012843:Simuliidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification
keywords: Aquatic insects; Atlantic Forest; Black fly; Paraná River drainage; Taxonomy