title: Soft tissue histomorphology at implants with a transmucosal modified surface. A study in minipigs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate soft tissue histomorphology and quality around implants with a modified transgingival collar surface comparatively to a machined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven Straumann Standard Tissue Level implants belonging to the following groups (nine of each group): Ti modSLA with machined collar (Ti-M), Ti modSLA with machined, acid-etched surface collar (Ti-modMA), and TiZr modSLA with machined, acid-etched surface collar (TiZr-modMA) were placed in the mandible of six minipigs. After 8 weeks of healing, buccal sections were obtained and processed for histological evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histometric soft tissue outcomes were similar for the three types of implants. The percentage of connective tissue attached to implant surface and its length was longer at TiZr-modMA with respect to Ti-M implants. The number of inflammatory cells was slightly higher at the TiZr-modMA with respect to Ti-M implant. The percentage of area occupied by perpendicular collagen fibers was slightly higher for the modified surfaces in comparison with the machined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modified implant collar surfaces at Ti and TiZr implants showed a soft tissue interface similar to machined. A tendency of increasing number of perpendicular collagen fibers and improved connective tissue contact was found at the modified implant surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Periodontology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liñares
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Permuy
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dard
authors.affiliation: Periodontology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blanco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001699:Biometry; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: biological width; collagen fibers; minipig model; modified implant surface