title: Effect of different levels of mangosteen peel powder supplement on the performance of dairy cows fed concentrate containing yeast fermented cassava chip protein.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effect of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel powder (MSP) supplementation on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and milk production in lactating dairy cows fed a concentrate containing yeast fermented cassava chip protein (YEFECAP). Four crossbred dairy cows (50 % Holstein-Friesian and 50 % Thai native breed) in mid-lactation, 404 ± 50.0 kg of body weight and 90 ± 5 day in milk with daily milk production of 9 ± 2.0 kg/day, were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to receive 4 dietary treatments. The treatments were different levels of MSP supplementation at 0, 100, 200, and 300 g/head/day. Rice straw was used as a roughage source and fed ad libitum to all cows, and concentrate containing YEFECAP at 200 g/kg concentrate was offered corresponding to concentrate to milk yield ratio at 1:2. Results revealed that feed intake, apparent nutrient digestibility, ruminal pH and temperature, and total volatile fatty acid were not significantly affected by MSP supplementation (P > 0.05). However, increasing levels of MSP supplementation increased molar proportion of propionate while ammonia-nitrogen, acetate, and acetate to propionate ratio were decreased (P < 0.01). Moreover, milk production and economic return were increased linearly (P < 0.01) with the increasing level of MSP supplementation. The present findings suggested that supplementation of MSP especially at 300 g/head/day with concentrate containing YEFECAP at 200 g/kg could improve rumen fermentation efficiency, milk production and protein content, and economical return of lactating dairy cows fed on rice straw.
authors.affiliation: Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.|Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology-Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Phang Khon, Sakon Nakhon, 47160, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sineenart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polyorach
authors.affiliation: Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. metha@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Metha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wanapat
authors.affiliation: Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kampanat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Phesatcha
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Unit, Department of Education, National Institute of Education, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Sungchhang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D029762:Garcinia mangostana; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002365:Manihot; D008892:Milk / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012275:Oryza; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary; D011897:Random Allocation; D012417:Rumen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D028321:Plant Preparations; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary
keywords: Dairy cows; Mangosteen peel powder; Milk production; Rumen ecology; Yeast fermented cassava chip protein