title: Novel approach to pleurodesis with 50 % glucose for air leakage after lung resection or pneumothorax.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pleurodesis is performed in patients demonstrating air leakage after lung resection and in those with pneumothorax who must avoid surgery. However, there have so far been very few reports of pleurodesis with 50 % glucose. We herein examined the feasibility and effectiveness of this novel pleurodesis technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five patients after lung resection and 11 pneumothorax patients without surgery were treated with pleurodesis using 50 % glucose. Approximately, 200 mL of 50 % glucose solution was injected into the pleural space and repeated until the air leakage stopped. Cases in which the air leakage did not stop after three injections were considered to be unsuccessful and subsequently treated with conventional pleurodesis using OK-432.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-nine patients were successfully treated with 50 % glucose, although 7 patients required further treatment with OK-432. The unsuccessful group had some pulmonary comorbidities (P < 0.001), and the pleural effusion volume after pleurodesis was less than that in the successful group (P < 0.001). Although the air leakage did not stop in unsuccessful patients, the amount of air leakage markedly decreased. A temporary elevation of the blood sugar level was observed in 20 patients, but no other side effects had appeared.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pleurodesis with 50 % glucose is an easy, safe, and effective treatment modality. It is therefore considered to be a useful alternative method for pleurodesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan. kousukefujino_0330@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yamato
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Motooka
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osumi
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidekatsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Koei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kumamoto Red Cross Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minamikyushu Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minamikyushu Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Jyoeji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wakimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minamikyushu Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000388:Air; D057868:Anastomotic Leak / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010994:Pleura; D018700:Pleurodesis / Q000379:methods*; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose
keywords: 50 % Glucose solution; Lung resection; Pleurodesis; Pneumothorax; Postoperative care