title: Omega-3 fatty acids and adipose tissue function in obesity and metabolic syndrome.
abstract: The n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) have been reported to improve obesity-associated metabolic disorders including chronic inflammation, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia. Growing evidence exits about adipose tissue as a target in mediating the beneficial effects of these marine n-3 PUFAs in adverse metabolic syndrome manifestations. Therefore, in this manuscript we focus in reviewing the current knowledge about effects of marine n-3 PUFAs on adipose tissue metabolism and secretory functions. This scope includes n-3 PUFAs actions on adipogenesis, lipogenesis and lipolysis as well as on fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis. The effects of n-3 PUFAs on adipose tissue glucose uptake and insulin signaling are also summarized. Moreover, the roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and AMPK activation in mediating n-3 PUFAs actions on adipose tissue functions are discussed. Finally, the mechanisms underlying the ability of n-3 PUFAs to prevent and/or ameliorate adipose tissue inflammation are also revised, focusing on the role of n-3 PUFAs-derived specialized proresolving lipid mediators such as resolvins, protectins and maresins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain.
authors.forename: Leyre
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martínez-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Laiglesia
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Huerta
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: J Alfredo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain. Electronic address: mjmoreno@unav.es.
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Moreno-Aliaga
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Marine origin omega-3 fatty acids; adipogenesis; adipokines; adipose tissue; glucose metabolism; lipid metabolism; metabolic syndrome; obesity; omega-3-derived proresolving lipid mediators