title: Toward a biomarker of oxidative stress: a fluorescent probe for exogenous and endogenous malondialdehyde in living cells.
abstract: Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a significant biomarker of oxidative stress. Variations of MDA level in biological systems often represent pathological changes that are related with many types of diseases. Although a variety of techniques have been developed for MDA detection, the probing of this biomarker in living cells remains unexplored. Herein, we report a turn-on fluorescent probe, MDAP-1, with a synergistic photoinduced electron transfer (PET)-hydrogen bonding mechanism, which for the first time realizes MDA sensing under physiological conditions with excellent sensitivity and specificity. The probe responds to MDA with a fluorescence enhancement factor (FEF) of up to >170-fold and a large Stokes shift (∼180 nm). Further biological evaluations show that MDAP-1 is able to detect both endogenous and exogenous MDA in living cells. It can be used to track the generation of MDA under oxidative stress, as stimulated by H2O2. We believe the results of this work will be helpful to the studies of MDA-related biological events and the elucidation of the underlying pathological mechanism in the future.
authors.affiliation: †School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and §College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: †School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and §College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
authors.forename: Lingyu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: †School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and §College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: †School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and §College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: †School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and §College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
authors.forename: Tengfei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: †School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and §College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: †School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and §College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
authors.forename: Guofu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: †School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and §College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008314:Malonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D015415:Biomarkers; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C000607471:MDAP-1; D008314:Malonates; D008315:Malondialdehyde