title: Total Analysis of Microcystins in Fish Tissue Using Laser Thermal Desorption-Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LDTD-APCI-HRMS).
abstract: Microcystins (MCs) are cyanobacterial toxins encountered in aquatic environments worldwide. Over 100 MC variants have been identified and have the capacity to covalently bind to animal tissue. This study presents a new approach for cell-bound and free microcystin analysis in fish tissue using sodium hydroxide as a digestion agent and Lemieux oxidation to obtain the 2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutyric acid (MMPB) moiety, common to all microcystin congeners. The use of laser diode thermal desorption-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization coupled with Q-Exactive mass spectrometry (LDTD-APCI-HRMS) led to an analysis time of approximately 10 s per sample and high-resolution detection. Digestion/oxidation and solid phase extraction recoveries ranged from 70 to 75% and from 86 to 103%, respectively. Method detection and quantification limits values were 2.7 and 8.2 μg kg(-1), respectively. Fish samples from cyanobacteria-contaminated lakes were analyzed, and concentrations ranging from 2.9 to 13.2 μg kg(-1) were reported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roy-Lachapelle
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Solliec
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sinotte
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deblois
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauvé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005396:Fish Products / Q000032:analysis; D005399:Fishes; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D060106:Lakes; D052998:Microcystins / Q000032:analysis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011792:Quebec; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D052998:Microcystins
keywords: HRMS; LDTD-APCI; cyanotoxins; fish; microcystins