title: Safety and Effectiveness of Whole Body Cooling Therapy for Neonatal Encephalopathy on Transport.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a transport protocol using active and passive methods for therapeutic whole body cooling of the neonate with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of neonates who received whole body cooling during transport by our pediatric/neonatal transport team between December 2008 and April 2012 was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-three of 66 (95%) neonates arrived within a safety temperature range of 33.0°C-37°C, and 3 (5%) were hypothermic (31.9°C-32.8°C). No clinical complications of cooling during transport were identified. Twenty-five (38%) and 57(86%) achieved therapeutic cooling upon admission and ≤ 6 hours after birth, respectively. Factors associated with cooling > 6 hours included a later time of initial referral (2.44 vs. 1.07 hours, P = .01), a later rendezvous time (4.17 vs. 1.92 hours, P = .002), and a later admission time (6.46 vs. 3.99 hours, P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whole body cooling of neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy can be effectively and safely performed during interfacility transport.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Children-s Mercy Hospitals and Clinics and the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA. Electronic address: emmcnellis@cmh.edu.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McNellis
authors.affiliation: Graduate Medical Education, The Children-s Mercy Hospitals and Clinics and the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Tyler
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Children-s Mercy Hospitals and Clinics and the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Howard W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kilbride
mesh_terms: D017732:Air Ambulances; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000209:etiology; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000628:therapy*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D061665:Time-to-Treatment