title: (18)F-FDG PET/CT and Melanoma: Staging, Immune Modulation and Mutation-Targeted Therapy Assessment, and Prognosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Monoclonal antibodies that target the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint protein and its associated ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, and targeted inhibitors of mutated signal transduction molecules such as BRAF inhibitors show immense promise in treating patients with melanoma. We discuss the use of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for assessing therapy effectiveness, staging advanced disease, and determining prognosis of patients with melanoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDG PET/CT is useful in staging disease, assessing therapy, and determining prognosis in patients with melanoma.
authors.affiliation: 1 Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 601 N Caroline St, JHOC 3235, Baltimore, MD 21287.
authors.forename: Powell
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perng
authors.affiliation: 1 Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 601 N Caroline St, JHOC 3235, Baltimore, MD 21287.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.affiliation: 1 Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 601 N Caroline St, JHOC 3235, Baltimore, MD 21287.|2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.|3 Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.|4 Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Rathan M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: FDG PET/CT; immune modulation therapy; melanoma