title: Comparison of short-term effects between face mask and skeletal anchorage therapy with intermaxillary elastics in patients with maxillary retrognathia.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the short-term dental and skeletal effects of a face mask (FM) with those of skeletal anchorage (SA) therapy with intermaxillary elastics in prepubertal patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion.
  
  
  
  Fifty patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and maxillary deficiency were divided into two groups. In the FM group, an FM was applied by a bite plate with a force of 400g for each side. In the SA group, mini-plates were placed between mandibular lateral incisors and canines, and mini-implants were inserted between maxillary second premolars and first molars. A bite plate was inserted into the upper arch, and Class III elastics were applied with a force of 200g between each mini-plate and mini-implant.
  
  
  
  Mean treatment durations were 0.52±0.09 years for FM and 0.76±0.09 years for SA. After the treatment, statistically significant increases in SNA°, ANB°, A-y, 1-NA, SnGoGn°, Co-A, Co-Gn, and A-Nperp, and reductions in SNB° and FH┴N-Pg were observed in both groups, and these changes were similar in both groups. In the FM group, 1-NB decreased significantly, and in the SA group, it increased significantly (P < 0.05).
  
  
  
  The undesired dentoalveolar effects of the FM treatment were eliminated with SA treatment, except with regard to lower incisor inclination. Favourable skeletal outcomes can be achieved by SA therapies, which could be an alternative to the extraoral appliances frequently applied to treat skeletal Class III patients with maxillary deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Sifa University, Izmir, Turkey, cahide@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cahide
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ağlarcı
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and.
authors.forename: Elçin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Esenlik
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fındık
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D020724:Elastomers; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000628:therapy*; D008397:Masks; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008963:Molar; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011861:Radiography, Dental; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D020724:Elastomers