title: Retrospective evaluation of methionine intoxication associated with urinary acidifying products in dogs: 1,525 cases (2001-2012).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the signalment, clinical findings, timing of signs, outcome, and prognosis in a population of dogs exposed to methionine through the ingestion of urine acidifying products.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective observational study from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal Poison Control Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,197 case calls yielding 1,525 dogs identified with presumed methionine ingestion.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Records of dogs with presumptive methionine ingestion were reviewed from the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Animal Poison Control Center database. Ingested methionine doses ranged from 3.9 mg/kg to 23,462 mg/kg. Clinical signs developed in 47% of dogs. The most common clinical signs were gastrointestinal (GI) and neurologic. The mean onset of GI signs was 2.8 hours following ingestion. The mean onset of neurologic signs was 6.8 hours following ingestion. GI signs were identified with ingested doses ≥22.5 mg/kg. Vomiting was the most common GI sign. Neurologic signs were identified with ingested doses ≥94.6 mg/kg. Ataxia was the most common neurologic sign. Resolution of clinical signs occurred within 48 hours of ingestion, and no fatalities were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prognosis for dogs with methionine intoxication is excellent. Vomiting and ataxia were the most common clinical signs associated with methionine toxicosis.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Critical Care of Los Angeles, Culver City, CA.
authors.forename: Mara C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.affiliation: Advanced Critical Care of Los Angeles, Culver City, CA.
authors.forename: Tolina T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: and the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Animal Poison Control Center, Champaign, IL.
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wismer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000633:toxicity*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008715:Methionine
keywords: gastrointestinal tract; intoxication; toxicology; toxins; treatment