title: Combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 for effective harvest of endothelial progenitor cells from peripheral blood and in vitro formation of primitive endothelial networks.
abstract: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) derived from the circulation may be used to enhance neovascularization. Since the combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) and CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 efficiently mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells into peripheral circulation, it may increase the pool of endogenously circulating EPC. We tested this hypothesis by administering GCSF and AMD3100 to adult rabbits and rats, isolating mononuclear cells from peripheral blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, and characterizing the blood-derived EPC based on morphology, immunophenotyping, gene expression and other functional analyses. These EPC showed clonal growth similar to that of human umbilical vein endothelial cells when cultured in complete EGM-2 medium on collagen I-precoated culture plates. The EPC exhibited a typical cobblestone-like morphology and were relatively homogeneous by the third passage. The cells expressed the typical endothelial marker CD31 based on flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, formed capillary-like structures when cultured in Matrigel, internalized DiI-acetylated low-density lipoprotein, bound Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1, and expressed CD31 and several other endothelial markers (VEGFR2, VE-cadherin, Tie-2, eNOS, vWF) at significantly higher levels than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. These results suggest that the combination of GCSF and AMD3100 can efficiently release stem cells into peripheral circulation and generate EPC that show the desired morphological, immunophenotypic and functional characteristics. This minimally invasive approach may be useful for autologous cell transplantation for postnatal neovasculogenesis and tissue repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. xiangzhou@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Fu-Guo
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Qiang
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Cen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Frankie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001596:Benzylamines; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods*; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D000080027:Cyclams; D066026:Endothelial Progenitor Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D000072916:Peripheral Blood Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001596:Benzylamines; D015415:Biomarkers; D000080027:Cyclams; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D037121:Plant Lectins; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; C036850:Ulex europaeus lectins; C032629:acetyl-LDL; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; C088327:plerixafor
keywords: Circulating endothelial progenitor cells; Endothelial progenitor cells; Stem cell mobilization peripheral blood stem cell transplantation