title: Changes in type 1 diabetes health indicators from high school to college.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluate trajectories of type 1 diabetes health indicators from high school through the first year of college.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-four students with type 1 diabetes who maintained pediatric endocrinology care during the first year of college.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood glucose monitoring frequency, body mass index (BMI), and clinic attendance data were collected via retrospective medical chart review in spring 2012. Group-based trajectory models evaluated diabetes-related health indicators over time and identified distinct growth trajectory groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMI increased and clinic attendance decreased in the first year of college. Trajectories for other health indicators were heterogeneous and stable over time; 69% of students were classified as having stable good glycemic control. Racial minority youth and youth on conventional insulin regimens were disproportionally represented in higher-risk groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes health indicators are stable or decline upon college entrance. Results signal the need for targeted support for college students with type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: a Children's National Health System Washington, DC.|b Department of Pediatrics , George Washington University School of Medicine Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monaghan
authors.affiliation: a Children's National Health System Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Megan McCormick
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: a Children's National Health System Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: a Children's National Health System Washington, DC.|b Department of Pediatrics , George Washington University School of Medicine Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Fran R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Cogen
authors.affiliation: a Children's National Health System Washington, DC.|c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , George Washington University School of Medicine Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Jichuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D020380:Needs Assessment; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D060305:Transition to Adult Care; D014481:United States; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin
keywords: Adherence; clinical medicine; diabetes; young adults