title: All-or-(N)One - an epistemological characterization of the human tumorigenic neuronal paralogous FAM72 gene loci.
abstract: FAM72 is a novel neuronal progenitor cell (NPC) self-renewal supporting protein expressed under physiological conditions at low levels in other tissues. Accumulating data indicate the potential pivotal tumourigenic effects of FAM72. Our in silico human genome-wide analysis (GWA) revealed that the FAM72 gene family consists of four human-specific paralogous members, all of which are located on chromosome (chr) 1. Unique asymmetric FAM72 segmental gene duplications are most likely to have occurred in conjunction with the paired genomic neighbour SRGAP2 (SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase activating protein), as both genes have four paralogues in humans but only one vertebra-emerging orthologue in all other species. No species with two or three FAM72/SRGAP2 gene pairs could be identified, and the four exclusively human-defining ohnologues, with different mutation patterns in Homo neanderthalensis and Denisova hominin, may remain under epigenetic control through long non-coding (lnc) RNAs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Systems, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kutzner
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Subrata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pramanik
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Pok-Son
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: klaus@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005796:Genes; D056426:Genetic Loci; D023281:Genomics; D015186:Hominidae / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D059125:Neanderthals / Q000235:genetics; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011506:Proteins; D056916:Segmental Duplications, Genomic
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C531184:FAM72A protein, human; C000609761:FAM72B protein, human; C000609760:FAM72C protein, human; C000609762:FAM72D protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins
keywords: FAM72; cancer; homo; neuron; p17