title: Lipid Emulsion in Treatment of Local Anesthetic Toxicity.
abstract: Epidural, spinal, regional, local, and intravenous administration of local anesthetics (LAs) is a cornerstone of anesthetic practice. LA toxicity is a grave consequence that is of great significance to anesthesia providers. Outcomes of LA toxicity range from inconvenient symptoms such as tinnitus, twitching, and hypotension to seizures; cardiovascular or respiratory collapse; and death. Lipid emulsion has emerged as a potential "magic bullet" in treating LA toxicity. This literature review provides background information and proposed mechanisms of action for LAs and lipid emulsion as well as animal experiments and a case report that speak to the effectiveness of lipid emulsion in the face of LA toxicity.
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neubrander
authors.forename: Zachary
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Vorst
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sheffield
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D024802:Nurse's Role; D013527:Perioperative Nursing; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous
keywords: lipid emulsion; lipid rescue; local anesthetic; regional anesthesia; toxicity