title: Preliminary results after upper cervical chiropractic care in patients with chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency and multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical and X-ray results of the Upper Cervical Chiropractic care through the specific adjustments (corrections) of C1-C2 on patients with chronic venous cerebral-spinal insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied a sample of 77 patients before and after the Upper Cervical Chiropractic care, and we analyzed: A) The change of the X-ray parameters; B) The clinical results using a new set of questions. The protocol of the C1- C2 upper Cervical Chiropractic treatment, specific for these patients, lasts four months. From a haemodynamic point of view we divided the patients in 3 types: Type 1 - purely vascular with intravenous alterations; Type 2 - "mechanical" with of external venous compressions; Type 3 - mixed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found an improvement in all kinds of subluxations after the treatment with respect to the pre-treatment X-ray evaluation, with a significant statistical difference. The differences between the clinical symptoms before and after the specific treatment of C1-C2 are statistically significant with p<0.001 according to the CHI-Square test revised by Yates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preliminary X-ray and clinical improvements of the Upper Cervical Chiropractic corrections on C1- C2 on these patients with CCSVI and MS encourage us to continue with our studies. We believe that the Upper Cervical correction on C1-C2 could be the main non-invasive treatment of the CCSVI mechanical type in patients with MS. Further studies are required to evaluate the correlation between the Upper Cervical Chiropractic correction on C1-C2 on the cerebral venous drainage and the cerebro-spinal fluid.
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandolesi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marceca
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moser
authors.forename: Tarcisio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niglio
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: d'Alessandro
authors.forename: Matteo Marco
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ciccone
authors.forename: Annapaola
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zito
authors.forename: Dimitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mandolesi
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: d'Alessandro
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fedele
mesh_terms: D002684:Chiropractic; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*