title: In Vivo and In Vitro Feasibility Studies of Intraocular Use of Polyethylene Glycol-Based Synthetic Sealant to Close Retinal Breaks in Porcine and Rabbit Eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Absorbable polyethylene glycol-based synthetic sealant (PEG sealant) polymerizes under xenon illumination and forms a clear, flexible, and firmly adherent hydrogel. The intraocular biocompatibility of PEG sealant and efficacy for closing retinal breaks were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an in vitro study, retinal detachment with a tear was created in porcine eyecups after vitreous gel removal. Polyethylene glycol-based synthetic sealant was applied to cover the tear and polymerized with a 40-second application of xenon light. Retinal adhesion strength was tested by forcefully squirting balanced salt solution (BSS) onto the retinal tear. Polyethylene glycol-based synthetic sealant was soaked in the BSS, incubated at 37°C, and the pH measured periodically over 72 hours. In an in vivo study, PEG sealant was injected into the vitreous cavity of the left eyes of rabbits. Ophthalmologic examinations were performed and bilateral ERGs were recorded simultaneously before and 28 days after injection. The eyes were enucleated for histological evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adhesion of PEG sealant to the retina was good in BSS. A forceful squirt of BSS onto the retinal tear covered with PEG sealant did not detach the retina; the retinal tear without PEG sealant detached immediately. The pH of the BSS containing PEG sealant was between 7.2 and 8.2. No inflammatory reaction was observed in the eyes throughout 28 days of follow-up. The ERGs recorded before and after injection showed typical patterns. Histological examinations did not reveal any abnormality or inflammation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polyethylene glycol-based synthetic sealant appeared to effectively seal retinal breaks and was not toxic to the eye.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Sujin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumiki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Arai Eye Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan 3The Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
authors.forename: Mikki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: The Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 4Boston Eye Group, Brookline, Massachusetts, United States.
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshika
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004596:Electroretinography; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011817:Rabbits; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013552:Swine; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols