title: Imaging of Optic Neuropathy and Chiasmal Syndromes.
abstract: Optic neuropathy involves loss of visual acuity, color vision, and visual field defect with a swollen, pale, anomalous, or normal optic disc seen on fundoscopy. Chiasmal disorders classically present with gradual onset of vision loss, bitemporal hemianopsia, and occasionally, endocrinopathy if the pituitary gland and/or hypothalamus are the causes or are involved. Advance in neuroimaging, especially magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, can reveal pathologic conditions previously detected only clinically. Some entities have imaging characteristics, leading to appropriate treatment without requiring tissue biopsies. Imaging also provides disease surveillance and posttreatment assessment, with computed tomography and MR imaging being complementary to each other.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7800, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7800, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Imaging Service, South Texas Veterans, 7400 Merton Minter, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address: tantiwongkos@uthscsa.edu.
authors.forename: Bundhit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tantiwongkosi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.
authors.forename: Mahmood F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Mafee
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D009897:Optic Chiasm / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013577:Syndrome; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*
keywords: Chiasm; MR imaging; Optic neuropathy; Vision loss; Visual field defect