title: Are Mindfulness and Self-Compassion Associated with Sleep and Resilience in Health Professionals?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the relationship between trainable qualities (mindfulness and self-compassion), with factors conceptually related to burnout and quality of care (sleep and resilience) in young health professionals and trainees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Large Midwestern academic health center.
  
  
  METHODS
  213 clinicians and trainees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sleep and resilience were assessed by using the 8-item PROMIS Sleep scale and the 6-item Brief Resilience Scale. Mindfulness and self-compassion were assessed using the 10-item Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale, Revised and the 12-item Self-Compassion Scale. Health was assessed with Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health measures, and stress was assessed with the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. After examination of descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations, multiple regression analyses were done to determine whether mindfulness and self-compassion were associated with better sleep and resilience.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respondents had an average age of 28 years; 73% were female. Professions included dieticians (11%), nurses (14%), physicians (38%), social workers (24%), and other (12%). Univariate analyses showed normative values for all variables. Sleep disturbances were significantly and most strongly correlated with perceived stress and poorer health, but also with less mindfulness and self-compassion. Resilience was strongly and significantly correlated with less stress and better mental health, more mindfulness, and more self-compassion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In these young health professionals and trainees, sleep and resilience are correlated with both mindfulness and self-compassion. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether training to increase mindfulness and self-compassion can improve clinicians' sleep and resilience or whether decreasing sleep disturbances and building resilience improves mindfulness and compassion.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, College of Nursing: School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus, OH.|2 Center for Integrative Health and Wellness, Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Kathi J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.affiliation: 2 Center for Integrative Health and Wellness, Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus, OH.|3 Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Xiaokui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: 3 Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus, OH.|4 The OSU Sleep Heart Program, Department of Medicine, and Davis Heart-Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Rami
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khayat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004645:Empathy; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015146:Midwestern United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D064866:Mindfulness / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult