title: Antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Cedrelopsis grevei on cypermethrin induced oxidative stress and liver damage in male mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The liver is the most sensitive and main target organ of pesticide toxicity and damage, they play an essential role in metabolism and detoxification of pesticides. Due to these functions, hepatotoxicity continues to be among the main threats to public health, and they remain problems throughout the world. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Cedrelopsis grevei leaves against cypermethrin (Cyp) induced oxidative stress and liver damage in male mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The extracts were subjected to different analyses (phenolics, tannin, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and reducing power assays). For hepatoprotective evaluation, male mice were daily exposed to Cyp and/or C. grevei by gavages for 28 days. Hepatoprotective effects were demonstrated by significant alterations in serum liver dysfunction biomarker enzymes, liver lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The antioxidant activity of C. grevei methanolic extract was the highest with an IC50<225 μg/ml by DPPH assay. The high dose of methanolic extract (300 mg/kg. b.wt.) was effective to attenuate the perturbations in the tested enzymes. Histopathological examination in the liver tissue of those mice, demonstrated that a co-administration of methanolic extract (150 & 300 mg/kg/day) showed marked improvement in its histological structure in comparison to Cyp-treated group alone and represented by nil to moderate degree in inflammatory cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In view of the data of the present study, it can deduce that cypermethrin caused oxidative damage and liver dysfunction in male mice. C. grevei extract has protective effects on cypermethrin-induced lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and liver damage. Results indicated that administration of C. grevei is useful, easy, and economical to protect humans against pesticide toxicity. The results presented here can be considered as the first information on the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of C. grevei extracts. In a future study, we will identify and investigate the components responsible for the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of C. grevei.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Toxicology Research Unit (ETRU), Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth Street (former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. abdeltawab.mossa@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abdel-Tawab H
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Mossa
authors.affiliation: Environmental Toxicology Research Unit (ETRU), Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth Street (former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. tarekhl@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Tarek M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Heikal
authors.affiliation: Faculté de pharmacie de Toulouse, Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul-Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France. belaibameriam@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Meriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belaiba
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Phytochimie et Standardisation, IMRA, BP, 3833 Antananarivo 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar. guyraoel@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Emmanuel Guy
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Raoelison
authors.affiliation: Nat'Ex Biotech. Bat 7, 55 avenue Louis Breguet, 31400, Toulouse, France. hferhout@natex-biotech.com.
authors.forename: Hicham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ferhout
authors.affiliation: Faculté de pharmacie de Toulouse, Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul-Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France. jalloul.bouajila@univ-tlse3.fr.
authors.forename: Jalloul
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bouajila
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D027821:Rutaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017160:cypermethrin