title: Remote Usability Testing and Satisfaction with a Mobile Health Medication Inquiry System in CKD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inappropriate medication use is common in the care of patients with CKD. The feasibility of a simple mobile health tool designed to advise patients on safe medication usage in CKD was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants with predialysis CKD (defined as eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)) in the Safe Kidney Care Cohort Study were recruited for home usability testing of a novel medication inquiry system between January and September of 2013. Testing was through two mobile platforms: (1) short messaging service text or (2) personal digital assistant (e.g., iPod Touch). Twenty participants (one half assigned to one device and one half assigned to the other device) were enrolled and received an in-center tutorial on device usage before the end of the study visit. Participants were subsequently mailed three sample pill bottles with the name of randomly selected medications and asked to input these medications into the medication inquiry system. The medication inquiry system response options were as follows: (1) safe in CKD, (2) not safe in CKD, (3) use with caution/speak with your health care provider, or (4) error message (for an incorrectly inputted medication). Participants were asked to record the response issued by the medication inquiry system for each medication sent for usability testing. A user satisfaction survey was administered after completion of the protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All participants owned a mobile telephone, but few owned a smartphone. Of 60 total medication queries, there were only three recorded errors, two of which occurred in the short messaging service texting group. Overall satisfaction with the application was high, with slightly higher satisfaction noted in the personal digital assistant group compared with the short messaging service group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mobile health medication inquiry system application had general ease of use and high acceptance across two platforms among individuals representative of the CKD population. Tailored mobile health technology may improve medication safety in CKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Duke University of School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Department of Medicine, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; clarissa.diamantidis@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Clarissa J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Diamantidis
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and.
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and.
authors.forename: Marni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoffe
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.affiliation: Data Warehouse and Analytics, St. Joseph Health System, Anaheim, California;
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: Principal and Co-Founder, Novel Health Strategies, LLC, Columbia, Maryland;
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.affiliation: Principal and Co-Founder, Novel Health Strategies, LLC, Columbia, Maryland;
authors.forename: Wanda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.affiliation: Institute for Drug Safety, Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; and.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001292:Attitude to Computers; D040421:Cell Phone; D034201:Computers, Handheld; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D057220:Health Literacy; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D060145:Text Messaging
keywords: CKD; mobile health; patient safety