title: Provision of information leaflet before urodynamic study reduces the pre-examination anxiety level.
abstract: To find out if information leaflets reduce anxiety levels before urodynamic studies (UDS).
  
  
  
  One hundred and four patients (age 60 ± 15 years) who were referred for multichannel UDS were prospectively recruited and randomized into 2 groups: (1) received a leaflet containing detailed information regarding the examination; (2) did not receive a leaflet. Patients who were unable to complete the questionnaire due to mental disorders and patients who had previously undergone UDS were excluded. The leaflets were mailed to the patients in group 1 one month before the examination. This leaflet included information on how the examination would be performed, its purpose, recommended preparation, potential complications, and common events that might occur in association with the examination, such as incontinence. Emotional distress was measured by the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI)-a validated questionnaire composed of 20 items measuring anxiety. These measures are divided into two psychological domains: (1) positive well being; (2) psychological distress. Patients filled out the SAI immediately before entering the examination room.
  
  
  
  Demographics and clinical and psychological co-morbidities were similar between the groups. The "psychological distress" score was significantly lower in group 1 (13.1 ± 2.9 vs. 24.8 ± 5.8, P < 0.001), whereas there was no difference in the "positive well being" score.
  
  
  
  We recommend providing patients with an information leaflet on UDS since it significantly reduces anxiety levels. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:805-808, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Urology Departement, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: Kobi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stav
authors.affiliation: Urology Departement, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: Yoram I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Departement, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: Ilia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Beberashvili
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Social Science Faculty, the Hebrew Jerusalem University, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Hadas Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Sella
authors.affiliation: Urology Departement, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: Amnon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zisman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D003950:Diagnostic Techniques, Urological / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010174:Pamphlets; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: anxiety; psychological; stress; urodynamics