title: Differential effects of prenatal stress on metabolic programming in diet-induced obese and dietary-resistant rats.
abstract: Stress during pregnancy is a known contributing factor for the development of obesity in the offspring. Since maternal obesity is on the rise, we wanted to identify the effects of prenatal stress in the offspring of diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and compare them with the offspring of dietary-resistant (DR) rats. We hypothesized that prenatal stress would make both DIO and DR offspring susceptible to obesity, but the effect would be more pronounced in DIO rats. Pregnant DIO and DR rats were divided into two groups: nonstressed controls (control) and prenatal stress (subjected to restraint stress, three times/day from days 14 to 21 of gestation). After recording birth weight and weaning weight, male offspring were weaned onto a chow diet for 9 wk and shifted to a high-fat (HF) diet for 1 wk. At the end of the 10th wk the animals were euthanized, and visceral adipose mass, blood glucose, serum insulin, and C-peptide levels were measured. Prenatal stress resulted in hyperinsulinemia and higher C-peptide levels without altering caloric intake, body weight gain, or fat mass in the DIO offspring after 1 wk of HF intake, but not in DR offspring. To determine the mechanism underlying the hyperinsulinemia, we measured the levels of CEACAM1 that are responsible for insulin clearance. CEACAM1 levels in the liver were reduced in prenatally stressed DIO offspring after the HF challenge, suggesting that preexisting genetic predisposition in combination with prenatal stress increases the risk for obesity in adulthood, especially when offspring are fed a HF diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Balasubramanian
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and.
authors.forename: Pratibha A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Varde
authors.affiliation: Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Simon Labib
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.affiliation: Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio.
authors.forename: Sonia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Najjar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; and.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: MohanKumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and shebamk@uga.edu.
authors.forename: Sheba M J
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: MohanKumar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; C486183:Ceacam1 protein, mouse; D007328:Insulin
keywords: carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1; diet-induced obese; dietary resistant; fetal programming; hyperinsulinemia