title: Evaluation of a one-piece ceramic implant used for single-tooth replacement and three-unit fixed partial dentures: a prospective cohort clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of a one-piece zirconia oral implant after 1 year of function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two centers included 60 subjects in need of implant-supported single-tooth restorations or three-unit bridges. A total of 71 zirconia one-piece implants were placed and immediately restored with a temporary reconstruction for at least 2 months. The final veneered zirconia restorations were then cemented and followed for 6 months and 1 year after insertion of the restorations. At each visit, a clinical evaluation was performed to analyze biological parameters of the implants and the neighboring teeth. A standardized periapical radiograph was taken at implant insertion, at the placement of the restorations and at the 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty patients with 71 implants (48 in the mandible, 23 in the maxilla) were included in this study and provided with 11 bridges and 49 crowns. Two patients with three implants (one bridge and one single crown) could not be evaluated. One patient lost his implant 5 weeks after implant insertion. Based on 58 patients, the mean survival rate was 98.3% after one year when the implants of the two patients that did not show up were not counted as lost. The mean marginal bone loss from implant insertion to the 1-year follow-up after the final prosthetic restoration was 0.78 mm with a standard deviation of 0.79 mm. The probing depth around the implants increased from 2.7 mm at insertion of the prosthetic reconstruction to 3.5 mm one year after insertion. The probing depth around the adjacent teeth remained stable at 2.5 mm. At the 1-year recall, the difference was significant. The clinical attachment levels at implants and teeth were not different at the 1-year follow-up with 3.1 mm at tooth and implant sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presently tested one-piece ceramic implant was successful in replacing single tooth and three-unit gaps after one year of function. Further long-term data are necessary to verify these initial findings.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ronald E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grohmann
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.|Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sailer
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Yann-Niclas
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Steinhart
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Aurel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fehér
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hämmerle
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg Rudolf
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Strub
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kohal
mesh_terms: D002484:Cementation; D002516:Ceramics; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide
keywords: Zirconia; bone; ceramic; clinical; dental implants; human; osseointegration