title: Return of functional mobility after an open tibial fracture: a sensor-based longitudinal cohort study using the Hamlyn Mobility Score.
abstract: In this study we quantified and characterised the return of functional mobility following open tibial fracture using the Hamlyn Mobility Score. A total of 20 patients who had undergone reconstruction following this fracture were reviewed at three-month intervals for one year. An ear-worn movement sensor was used to assess their mobility and gait. The Hamlyn Mobility Score and its constituent kinematic features were calculated longitudinally, allowing analysis of mobility during recovery and between patients with varying grades of fracture. The mean score improved throughout the study period. Patients with more severe fractures recovered at a slower rate; those with a grade I Gustilo-Anderson fracture completing most of their recovery within three months, those with a grade II fracture within six months and those with a grade III fracture within nine months. Analysis of gait showed that the quality of walking continued to improve up to 12 months post-operatively, whereas the capacity to walk, as measured by the six-minute walking test, plateaued after six months. Late complications occurred in two patients, in whom the trajectory of recovery deviated by > 0.5 standard deviations below that of the remaining patients. This is the first objective, longitudinal assessment of functional recovery in patients with an open tibial fracture, providing some clarification of the differences in prognosis and recovery associated with different grades of fracture.
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, 3rd Floor Paterson Centre, Praed Street, Paddington, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kwasnicki
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, 3rd Floor Paterson Centre, Praed Street, Paddington, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hettiaratchy
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Okogbaa
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, 3rd Floor Paterson Centre, Praed Street, Paddington, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, 3rd Floor Paterson Centre, Praed Street, Paddington, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: G-Z
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, 3rd Floor Paterson Centre, Praed Street, Paddington, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Darzi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000379:methods*; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: lower limb trauma; open tibial fracture; reconstruction; sensing; mobility