title: [Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: epidemiology and risk factors].
abstract: Despite the availability of potent drugs and the availability of vaccine, tuberculosis remains until today one of the most worrying infectious diseases because of both its morbidity and mortality. This serious health problem is further complicated by the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant strains (XDR). The number of MDR and XDR strains has continued to increase in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the risk factors leading to the emergence of MDR-TB strains to improve its overall management. Most studies indicate that the irregular previous treatment of tuberculosis with poor adherence is the main risk factor found. Other risk factors such as digestive issues, age, sex, and immunosuppression have been reported by several studies. In Tunisia, MDR-TB prevalence remains low with 0.8% among new cases and 12% among the restatements but control of this disease is necessary and remains essentially preventive. It is based on real preventive strategies planned according to local and updated regional data.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire régional d'hygiène, CHU Hedi Chaker, route el ain km 4.5 chez Habib djmal tabac, 3042 Sfax, Tunisie; Faculté de pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisie. Electronic address: doaafourati@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smaoui Fourati
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire régional d'hygiène, CHU Hedi Chaker, route el ain km 4.5 chez Habib djmal tabac, 3042 Sfax, Tunisie; Faculté de pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisie.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mzid
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire régional d'hygiène, CHU Hedi Chaker, route el ain km 4.5 chez Habib djmal tabac, 3042 Sfax, Tunisie; Faculté de pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisie.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marouane
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire régional d'hygiène, CHU Hedi Chaker, route el ain km 4.5 chez Habib djmal tabac, 3042 Sfax, Tunisie; Faculté de pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisie.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kammoun
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire régional d'hygiène, CHU Hedi Chaker, route el ain km 4.5 chez Habib djmal tabac, 3042 Sfax, Tunisie; Faculté de pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisie.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Messadi-Akrout
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents
keywords: Facteurs de risque; MDR-TB; Pulmonary tuberculosis; Resistance; Risk factors; Résistance; Tuberculose pulmonaire