title: Treatment of degloving injury involving multiple fingers with combined abdominal superficial fascial flap, dorsalis pedis flap, dorsal toe flap, and toe-web flap.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our aim was to summarize the treatment of degloving injury involving multiple fingers using combined abdominal superficial fascial flap, dorsalis pedis flap, dorsal toe flap, and toe-web flap.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each degloved finger was debrided under microscopic guidance and embedded in the superficial layer of the abdominal fascia. The abdominal skin was sutured to the skin on the back and side of the hand to promote circumferential healing. After removal, the only remaining injured region was on the flexor surface, and this was repaired by multiple dorsal toe flaps, toe-web flaps, and dorsalis pedis flaps to provide blood vessels and sensory nerves. All fingers had proper flap thickness 3-6 months after surgery, and required only lateral Z-plasty modification with web deepening and widening to narrow the fingers and extend their relative length.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We completed flap-graft and finger narrowing for 25 fingers in eight patients. Abdominal skin flaps and dorsal toe flaps were grafted, and resulted in both firmness and softness, providing finger flexibility. The dorsal toe flap provided good blood circulation and sensory nerves, and was used to cover the finger-flexor surface to regain sensation and stability when holding objects. During the 1-8 years of follow-up, sensation on the finger-flexor side recovered to the S3-4 level, and patient satisfaction based on the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire was 4-5. Flap ulcers or bone/tendon necrosis were not observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of degloving injury involving multiple fingers with combined abdominal superficial fascial flap, dorsalis pedis flap, dorsal toe flap, and toe-web flap was effective and reliable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microsurgery, PLA 205 Hospital, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fengshan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Microsurgery, PLA 205 Hospital, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guangnan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microsurgery, PLA 205 Hospital, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gaoshan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Microsurgery, PLA 205 Hospital, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.affiliation: Department of Microsurgery, PLA 205 Hospital, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mao
keywords: abdominal thin flap; combined dorsalis pedis flap; degloving fingers; dorsal toe flap; graft; toe-web flap