title: Degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by P. aeruginosa and characterization of some metabolites.
abstract: Degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), a nitroaromatic explosive found in the soil and ground water, was investigated using Pseudomonas aeruginosa in in vitro experiments . Biodegradable abilitiy of this bacteria was performed with 50 and 75 mg L (-1) TNT concentrations in a defined liquid medium for 96 h time period. Treatment of TNT in supernatant samples taken at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h from agitated vessels was followed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In cultures supplemented with 50 and 75 mgL (-1) TNT, after 96 h of incubation 46% and 59% reduction were detected respectively. Two metabolites as degradation intermediates with nitrite release into the medium, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) and 4-aminodinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), were elucidated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These findings clearly indicate that Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be used in bioremediation of TNT contaminated sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kilis 7 Aralik University, Kilis, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hatice Aysun
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Mercimek
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sadik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dincer
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kilis 7 Aralik University, Kilis, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gulcihan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guzeldag
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kilis 7 Aralik University, Kilis, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysenur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozsavli
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology Education, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Matyar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Turkey.
authors.forename: Afet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arkut
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fikret
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kayis
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Melis Sumengen
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ozdenefe
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D001711:Biotransformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003470:Culture Media; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D003470:Culture Media; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes; D014303:Trinitrotoluene; C035207:4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene; C016403:2,4-dinitrotoluene
keywords: Pseudomonas sp; TNT; biotransformation; nitroaromatic explosives