title: Evaluation of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T cell populations, IL-10 production, and their correlation with clinical and biochemical parameters in sickle cell anemia patients with leg ulcers.
abstract: Leg ulcers (LUs) are a debilitating complication of sickle cell anemia (SCA), with inflammation known to play a crucial role in their pathogenesis. Many studies have described the roles of T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 pathways in SCA; however, defects in anti-inflammatory responses are poorly understood. We evaluated interleukin (IL)-10 levels in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in SCA patients with leg ulcers (SCALU) and without leg ulcers (SCAWH) in addition to CD4(+) CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T cell populations and their its IL-10 expression. In stimulated and unstimulated PBMC cultures, SCALU patients produced higher levels of IL-10 than those in the SCAWH group. Higher levels of IL-10 in SCALU patients correlated with a history of osteonecrosis in stimulated and unstimulated cultures when compared with those in SCAWH. Immunophenotyping revealed that SCALU patients had a higher proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+), Tr1 and CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)IL-10(+) T cells than other groups. Our findings revealed that IL-10 levels were increased in unstimulated cells from the SCALU group, and that this group also presented with a predominant CD4(+) CD25(+)FoxP3(+) cell population despite many of those cells being IL-10 negative.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Novel Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center for Therapeutic Innovation (NUPIT), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Moacyr Jesus Barreto Melo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rêgo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Novel Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center for Therapeutic Innovation (NUPIT), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael Ramos
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Novel Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center for Therapeutic Innovation (NUPIT), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michelly Cristiny
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Hemotherapy Foundation of Pernambuco (HEMOPE), Recife 52011-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aderson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: da Silva Araújo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Planning and Synthesis of Drugs (LPSF), Research Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivan da Rocha
authors.initials: Ida R
authors.lastname: Pitta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hematology, Central Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego Arruda
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Falcão
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hematology, Central Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos André Cavalcanti
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bezerra
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Novel Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center for Therapeutic Innovation (NUPIT), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil. Electronic address: mgrpitta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maira Galdino da Rocha
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pitta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D007871:Leg Ulcer / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000473:pathology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Immunophenotyping; Inflammation; Interleukin 10; Leg ulcer; Sickle cell anemia; T regulatory cells