title: The Language of Driving: Advantages and Applications of Symbolic Data Reduction for Analysis of Naturalistic Driving Data.
abstract: Recent advances in onboard vehicle data recording devices have created an abundance of naturalistic driving data. The amount of data exceeds the resources available for analysis; this situation forces researchers to focus on analyses of critical events and to use simple heuristics to identify those events. Critical event analysis eliminates the context that can be critical in understanding driver behavior and can reduce the generalizability of the analysis. This work introduced a method of naturalistic driving data analysis that would allow researchers to examine entire data sets by reducing the sets by more than 90%. The method utilized a symbolic data reduction algorithm, symbolic aggregate approximation (SAX), which reduced time series data to a string of letters. SAX can be applied to any continuous measurement, and SAX output can be reintegrated into a data set to preserve categorical information. This work explored the application of SAX to speed and acceleration data from a naturalistic driving data set and demonstrated SAX's integration with other methods that could begin to tame the complexity of naturalistic data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mechanical Engineering, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706.
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mechanical Engineering, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, 2006 Roy J. Carver Pavilion.
authors.forename: Nazan S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Aksan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, 105 River Street, S-145 College of Public Health Building, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242.
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, 2006 Roy J. Carver Pavilion.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tippin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, 2006 Roy J. Carver Pavilion.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizzo