title: UPLC-ESI-TOF MS-Based Metabolite Profiling of the Antioxidative Food Supplement Garcinia buchananii.
abstract: Comparative antioxidative analyses of aqueous ethanolic extracts from leaf, root, and stem of Garcinia buchananii revealed high activity of all three organs. To investigate the metabolite composition of the different parts of G. buchananii, an untargeted metabolomics approach using UPLC-ESI-TOF MS with simultaneous acquisition of low- and high-collision energy mass spectra (MS(e)) was performed. Unsupervised statistics (PCA) highlighted clear differences in the metabolomes of the three organs. OPLS-DA revealed (2R,3S,2″R,3″R)-GB-1, (2R,3S)-morelloflavone, and (2R,3S)-volkensiflavone as the most decisive marker compounds discriminating leaf from root and stem extract. Leaves represent the best source to isolate GB-1, morelloflavone, and volkensiflavone. Root extract is the best organ to isolate xanthones and stem bark extract the best source to isolate (2R,3S,2″R,3″R)-manniflavanone; the identified polyisoprenylated benzophenones are characteristic compounds for the leaf organ. Morelloflavone, volkensiflavone, and garcicowin C were isolated for the first time from G. buchananii, identified via MS, NMR, and CD spectroscopy, and showed in H2O2 scavenging, H/L-TEAC, and H/L-ORAC assays moderate to strong in vitro antioxidative activities.
authors.affiliation: †Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie und Molekulare Sensorik, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Timo D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.affiliation: †Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie und Molekulare Sensorik, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lösch
authors.affiliation: †Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie und Molekulare Sensorik, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wakamatsu
authors.affiliation: §Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States.
authors.forename: Onesmo B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Balemba
authors.affiliation: †Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie und Molekulare Sensorik, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: †Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie und Molekulare Sensorik, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hofmann
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis*; D029760:Garcinia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Garcinia buchananii; MS; S-plot; antioxidants; biflavanoid; metabolites; profiling