title: Toroidal Packaging of pDNA into Block Ionomer Micelles Exerting Promoted in Vivo Gene Expression.
abstract: Selectively spooling single plasmid DNA (pDNA), as a giant polyelectrolyte, into a nanosized toroidal structure or folding it into a rod-like structure has been accomplished by polyion complexation with block catiomers to form polymeric micelles in varying NaCl concentrations. The interactive potency between the pDNA and block catiomers was determined to play a critical role in defining the ultimate structure of the pDNA; the formation of toroidal or rod-like structures was achieved by complexation in 600 or 0 mM NaCl solutions, respectively. Compared with the rod-like structure, the toroidal structure possessed superior biological functions capable not only of elevating in vitro transcription but also of elevating in vivo gene transduction efficiency. This demonstrated the great utility of the toroidal pDNA packaging as a distinct structured gene carrier. Furthermore, the fact that the NaCl concentration at which the toroidal structure was specifically formed corresponds to seawater stimulates interest in this ordered nanostructure as a possible inherent structure for DNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Yanmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.|Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO , 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Osada
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Qixian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Theofilus A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Tockary
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Anjaneyulu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dirisala
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.|Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.|Division of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kataoka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression; D051379:Mice; D008823:Micelles; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014161:Transduction, Genetic / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008823:Micelles