title: Prognostic Value of Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in Predicting Major Cardiac Events in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The metabolic syndrome increases cardiovascular mortality. We report the mid-term prognostic value of dobutamine echocardiography for metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A dobutamine echocardiography protocol was performed in patients aged 18 years of age or older who suffered from chest pain and who were followed-up for two years. The patients were divided in two groups, with and without metabolic syndrome. Statistical analyses were performed using ROC curves and survival analysis; the Begg-Greenes method was used to correct for verification bias. We included 128 patients, 66 with metabolic syndrome and 62 without.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-one patients with metabolic syndrome and 36 without had positive dobutamine echocardiography test results (p = 0.77). Coronary artery disease was found in 27 patients with metabolic syndrome and in 29 without metabolic syndrome; percutaneous revascularization was required in 24 and 26 patients, respectively (p = 0.29). Cardiovascular events occurred in 28 patients during follow-up (19 in metabolic syndrome vs. 9 in non-metabolic syndrome; p = 0.17). The odds ratio of major cardiovascular events in the metabolic syndrome group was 5.8 (95% CI: 1.74-19.60); in the control group it was 8.6 (95% CI: 2.53-29.59).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dobutamine echocardiography for metabolic syndrome has high sensitivity but is not a determining factor for mid-term prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General de Zona No.21, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social IMSS, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández-González
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No.1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social IMSS, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solorio
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No.1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social IMSS, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Manuel Crisóstomo
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Solís-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No.1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social IMSS, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Mariscal
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No.1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social IMSS, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murillo-Ortíz
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No.1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social IMSS, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Olvera
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004280:Dobutamine; D025401:Echocardiography, Stress / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004280:Dobutamine