title: Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum pathogenicity island 2 mutant as a live attenuated vaccine candidate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum) causes Pullorum disease (PD), a severe systemic disease of poultry and results in considerable economic losses in developing countries. In order to develop a safe and immunogenic vaccine, the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of S06004ΔSPI2, a Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2) deleted mutant of S. Pullorum was evaluated in 2-day old chickens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Single intramuscular vaccination with S06004ΔSPI2 (2 × 10(7) CFU) of chickens revealed no differences in body weight or clinical symptoms compared to control group. S06004ΔSPI2 bacteria can colonize and persistent in liver and spleen of vaccinated chickens approximately 14 days, and specific humoral and cellular immune responses were significantly induced. Vaccination of chickens offered efficient protection against S. Pullorum strain S06004 and S. Gallinarum strain SG9 challenge, respectively, at 10 days post vaccination (dpv) based on mortality and clinical symptoms compared to control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that S06004ΔSPI2 appears to be a highly immunogenic and efficient live attenuated vaccine candidate.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P R China.
authors.forename: Junlei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P R China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P R China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P R China.
authors.forename: Qiuchun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P R China.
authors.forename: Shizhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P R China.
authors.forename: Zhiming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P R China. jiao@yzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002645:Chickens; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000378:metabolism*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C440638:SPI-2 protein, Salmonella; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated