title: Technological Evolution in the Development of Therapeutic Antibodies.
abstract: Immunotherapy is defined as the use of the immune system or components of it, such as key immune molecules, to fight diseases or invading infectious agents. Modern biotechnology provides industrial versions of immune molecules (components of the immune system) naturally produced by the human body. Immune molecules such as monoclonal antibodies are used as therapeutics in several disease conditions. In recent years a new group of antibody based molecules has been developed to replace monoclonal antibodies, given their ability to overcome some of the limitations of the latter. The first clinical trials with these new molecules have been very encouraging and the promise is that they will be released to the market very soon. This in turn has stimulated more research on new versions of antibody based therapeutics by biotechnological companies supported by the pharmaceutical industry and in many cases in collaboration with academic institutions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.|Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.|Universidad de Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
authors.forename: Óscar Raúl
authors.initials: ÓR
authors.lastname: Fajardo-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
authors.forename: Jorge Angel Isidro
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ascacio-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación Científica y Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, B.C., Mexico.
authors.forename: Alexei Fedórovish
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Licea-Navarro
authors.affiliation: Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis Mario
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Villela-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.|Vitagenesis, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
authors.forename: Hugo Alberto
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Barrera-Saldaña
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D004345:Drug Industry; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007155:Immunologic Factors