title: Differences in levels of physical activity between White and South Asian populations within a healthcare setting: impact of measurement type in a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigate differences between White and South Asian (SA) populations in levels of objectively measured and self-reported physical activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Leicestershire, UK, 2010-2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline data were pooled from two diabetes prevention trials that recruited a total of 4282 participants from primary care with a high risk score for type 2 diabetes. For this study, 2843 White (age=64±8, female=37%) and 243 SA (age=58±9, female=34%) participants had complete physical activity data and were included in the analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Moderate-intensity to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and walking activity were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and a combination of piezoelectric pedometer (NL-800) and accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X) were used to objectively measure physical activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to White participants, SA participants self-reported less MVPA (30 vs 51 min/day; p<0.001) and walking activity (11 vs 17 min/day; P=0.001). However, there was no difference in objectively measured ambulatory activity (5992 steps/day vs 6157 steps/day; p=0.75) or in time spent in MVPA (18.0 vs 21.5 min/day; p=0.23). Results were largely unaffected when adjusted for age, sex and social deprivation. Compared to accelerometer data, White participants overestimated their time in MVPA by 51 min/day and SA participants by 21 min/day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SA and White groups undertook similar levels of physical activity when measured objectively despite self-reported estimates being around 40% lower in the SA group. This emphasises the limitations of comparing self-reported lifestyle measures across different populations and ethnic groups.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Reports baseline data from: Walking Away from Type 2 Diabetes (ISRCTN31392913) and Let's Prevent Diabetes (NCT00677937).
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Henson
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Edwardson
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Danielle H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Bodicoat
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Melanie J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East Midlands, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Kamlesh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khunti
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001208:Asia; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People
keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGY; SPORTS MEDICINE