title: Adverse drug reactions to self-medication: a study in a pharmacovigilance database.
abstract: Although self-medication is widely developed, there are few detailed data about its adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study investigated the main characteristics of ADRs with self-medication recorded in the Midi-Pyrénées PharmacoVigilance between 2008 and 2014. Self-medication included first OTC drugs and second formerly prescribed drugs later used without medical advice (reuse of previously prescribed drugs). Among the 12 365 notifications recorded, 160 (1.3%) were related to SM with 186 drugs. Around three-forth of the ADRs were 'serious'. Mean age was 48.8 years with 56.3% females. The most frequent ADRs were gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric and main drug classes involved NSAIDs, analgesics, and benzodiazepines. Phytotherapy-homeopathy accounted for 9.1% of drugs.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.
authors.forename: Aurélia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berreni
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montastruc
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bondon-Guitton
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abadie
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Durrieu
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chebane
authors.affiliation: Académie Nationale de Médecine, 16 Rue Bonaparte, 75272, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Giroud
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.
authors.forename: Haleh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bagheri
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Informations sur le Médicament, Pharmacopôle Midi-Pyrénées, CIC INSERM 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules-Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France.|Académie Nationale de Médecine, 16 Rue Bonaparte, 75272, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Montastruc
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016208:Databases, Factual; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects*; D060735:Pharmacovigilance; D063487:Prescription Drug Misuse / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012651:Self Medication / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004366:Nonprescription Drugs
keywords: adverse drug reactions; analgesics; benzodiazepines; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents; pharmacovigilance; self-medication