title: Magnetic Resonance Angiography of the Upper Extremity.
abstract: The magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) toolbox includes a wide array of versatile methods for diagnosis and therapy planning in patients with a variety of upper extremity vascular pathologies. MRA can provide excellent image quality with high spatial and high temporal resolution without the disadvantages of ionizing radiation, iodinated contrast, and operator dependency. Contrast-enhanced techniques are preferred for their robustness, image quality, and shorter scan times. This article provides an overview of the available MRA techniques and a description of the clinical entities that are well suited for evaluation with contrast-enhanced MRA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA; Department of Radiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg 20246, Germany. Electronic address: p.bannas@uke.de.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bannas
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: François
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2281, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
authors.forename: Scott B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Reeder
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Contrast-enhanced MRA; MR angiography; MRA; Magnetic resonance imaging; Peripheral arteries; Upper extremity