title: Ochronotic arthritis of bilateral knees: a case report.
abstract: Alkaptonuria ochronosis is a rare metabolic disease in which the body does not have enough enzyme called homogentisic acid oxidase. Due to the homogentisic acid oxidase deficiency, homogentisic acid accumulates in cartilage and connective tissues which leads to ochronotic arthritis. We reported a case of bilateral ochronotic arthritis verified by clinical presentation, imaging, arthroscopic and histological findings. The patient achieved a satisfying therapeutic outcome after arthroscopic debridement followed by intra-articular injection of sodium haluronate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
authors.forename: Jianzhao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
authors.forename: Fuying
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Operation Theater, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
authors.forename: Zengchao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
authors.forename: Decheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shao
keywords: Osteoarthritis; alkaptonuria; arthroscopy; ochronotic arthritis