title: Effect of GA-sensitivity on wheat early vigor and yield components under deep sowing.
abstract: Establishment of seedlings is a key factor in achievement of uniform field stands and, consequently, stable yields. Under Mediterranean conditions, soil moisture in the upper layer is limited and seedlings may be exposed to frequent dehydration events. The presence of the Reduced height (Rht)-B1b and Rht-D1b semi-dominant dwarfing alleles results in insensitivity to gibberellin (GAI) and, hence, poor emergence from deep sowing. Introduction of alternative dwarfing genes and, thereby, preservation of the gibberellin response (GAR) and coleoptile length, contributes to better emergence from deep sowing. Initially 47 wheat cultivars carrying different Rht alleles were screened for their ability to emerge from deep sowing, and then 17 of them were selected for detailed physiological characterization in the field. The modern wheat lines containing GAI alleles showed significantly lower percentages of emergence from deep sowing than the GAR lines, i.e., 52 and 74%, respectively. Differences in early developmental stages were associated with grain yield, as indicated by a reduction of 37.3% in the modern GAI cultivars. Our results demonstrate the potential of alternative dwarfing genes for improving seedling establishment and grain yields in Mediterranean-like environments.
authors.affiliation: The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Avishay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amram
authors.affiliation: The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot, Israel ; Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - Volcani Center Bet Dagan, Israel.
authors.forename: Aviya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fadida-Myers
authors.affiliation: The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Golan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - Volcani Center Bet Dagan, Israel.
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nashef
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - Volcani Center Bet Dagan, Israel.
authors.forename: Roi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ben-David
authors.affiliation: The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peleg
keywords: Rht; coleoptile length; erratic precipitation pattern; gibberellin; seedling establishment; semi-dwarf wheat; yield components