title: Memory deficit associated with increased brain proinflammatory cytokine levels and neurodegeneration in acute ischemic stroke.
abstract: The present study aimed to investigate behavioral changes and neuroinflammatory process following left unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO), a model of cerebral ischemia. Post-ischemic behavioral changes following 15 min UCCAO were recorded 24 hours after reperfusion. The novel object recognition task was used to assess learning and memory. After behavioral test, brains from sham and ischemic mice were removed and processed to evaluate central nervous system pathology by TTC and H&E techniques as well as inflammatory mediators by ELISA. UCCAO promoted long-term memory impairment after reperfusion. Infarct areas were observed in the cerebrum by TTC stain. Moreover, the histopathological analysis revealed cerebral necrotic cavities surrounded by ischemic neurons and hippocampal neurodegeneration. In parallel with memory dysfunction, brain levels of TNF-a, IL-1b and CXCL1 were increased post ischemia compared with sham-operated group. These ﬁndings suggest an involvement of central nervous system inﬂammatory mediators and brain damage in cognitive impairment following unilateral acute ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anilton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helton
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucíola
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barcelos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.affiliation: Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milene Alvarenga
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rachid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000503:physiopathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines