title: The Role of Dietary Protein and Fat in Glycaemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes: Implications for Intensive Diabetes Management.
abstract: A primary focus of the management of type 1 diabetes has been on matching prandial insulin therapy with carbohydrate amount consumed. However, even with the introduction of more flexible intensive insulin regimes, people with type 1 diabetes still struggle to achieve optimal glycaemic control. More recently, dietary fat and protein have been recognised as having a significant impact on postprandial blood glucose levels. Fat and protein independently increase the postprandial glucose excursions and together their effect is additive. This article reviews how the fat and protein in a meal impact the postprandial glycaemic response and discusses practical approaches to managing this in clinical practice. These insights have significant implications for patient education, mealtime insulin dose calculations and dosing strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia, Megan.Paterson@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paterson
authors.forename: Kirstine J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.forename: Carmel E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Smart
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shafat
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005223:Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019518:Postprandial Period
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005223:Fats; D007328:Insulin