title: TRPM7 and its role in neurodegenerative diseases.
abstract: Calcium (Ca(2+)) and magnesium (Mg(2+)) ions have been shown to play an important role in regulating various neuronal functions. In the present review we focus on the emerging role of transient potential melastatin-7 (TRPM7) channel in not only regulating Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) homeostasis necessary for biological functions, but also how alterations in TRPM7 function/expression could induce neurodegeneration. Although eight TRPM channels have been identified, the channel properties, mode of activation, and physiological responses of various TRPM channels are quite distinct. Among the known 8 TRPM channels only TRPM6 and TRPM7 channels are highly permeable to both Ca(2+) and Mg(2+); however here we will only focus on TRPM7 as unlike TRPM6, TRPM7 channels are abundantly expressed in neuronal cells. Importantly, the discrepancy in TRPM7 channel function and expression leads to various neuronal diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD). Further, it is emerging as a key factor in anoxic neuronal death and in other neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, by understanding the precise involvement of the TRPM7 channels in different neurodegenerative diseases and by understanding the factors that regulate TRPM7 channels, we could uncover new strategies in the future that could evolve as new drug therapeutic targets for effective treatment of these neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Basic Science ; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota ; Grand Forks , ND USA.
authors.forename: Yuyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: a Department of Basic Science ; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota ; Grand Forks , ND USA.
authors.forename: Pramod
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sukumaran
authors.affiliation: a Department of Basic Science ; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota ; Grand Forks , ND USA.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schaar
authors.affiliation: a Department of Basic Science ; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota ; Grand Forks , ND USA.
authors.forename: Brij B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C486583:TRPM7 protein, human; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium
keywords: calcium, magnesium, neurodegenerative diseases, TRPM7 channels