title: Maternal/neonatal vitamin D deficiency: a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterms?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the possible association between maternal/neonatal 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) levels and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty-two preterm infants ⩽32 weeks of gestation who were diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome were enrolled. 25-OHD levels were determined in maternal/neonatal blood samples that were obtained at the time of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 100 infants were included and 31 (31%) developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Both maternal and neonatal 25-OHD levels in the BPD group were significantly lower compared with those in the no-BPD group (P=0.0001). A positive correlation was detected between maternal and neonatal 25-OHD levels. All of the infants with BPD had a 25-OHD level <10 ng ml(-1), which represented severe deficiency. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that maternal/neonatal vitamin D levels were a significant predictor of BPD (odds ratio (OR): 0.76 and 0.61, respectively, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated for the first time that lower maternal and neonatal vitamin 25-OHD levels were associated with BPD development in preterm infants. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to delineate the possible link between vitamin D deficiency and BPD.
authors.affiliation: Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Teaching and Research Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çetinkaya
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Department of Neonatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Çekmez
authors.affiliation: Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Teaching and Research Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erener-Ercan
authors.affiliation: Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Teaching and Research Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buyukkale
authors.affiliation: Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Teaching and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demirhan
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aydemir
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Aydin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature / Q000097:blood*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight / Q000097:blood*; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D016017:Odds Ratio; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014421:Turkey; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D