title: Optically heated ultra-fast-cycling gas chromatography module for separation of direct sampling and online monitoring applications.
abstract: This work describes an ultrafast-cycling gas chromatography module (fast-GC module) for direct-sampling gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sample can be introduced into the fast-GC module using a common GC injector or any GC × GC modulator. The new fast-GC module offers the possibility to conduct a complete temperature cycle within 30 s. Its thermal mass is minimized by using a specially developed home-built fused silica capillary column stack and a halogen lamp for heat generation, both placed inside a gold-coated quartz glass cylinder. A high airflow blower enables rapid cooling. The new device is highly flexible concerning the used separation column, the applied temperature program, and the integration into existing systems. An application of the fast-GC module is shown in this work by thermal analysis coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TA-GC-MS). The continuously evolving gases of the TA are modulated by a liquid CO2 modulator. Because of the rapid cycling of the fast-GC module, it is possible to obtain the best separation while maintaining the online character of the TA. Restrictions in separation and retention time shifting, known from isothermal and normal ramped fast-GC systems, are overcome.
authors.affiliation: Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock , 18057 Rostock, Germany.|Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group "Comprehensive Molecular Analytics", Helmholtz Zentrum München , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock , 18057 Rostock, Germany.|Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group "Comprehensive Molecular Analytics", Helmholtz Zentrum München , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wohlfahrt
authors.affiliation: Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group "Comprehensive Molecular Analytics", Helmholtz Zentrum München , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.|University of Augsburg , Chair of Resource Strategy, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Janos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.affiliation: Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group "Comprehensive Molecular Analytics", Helmholtz Zentrum München , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matuschek
authors.affiliation: Photonion GmbH , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Mohammad R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Saraji-Bozorgzad
authors.affiliation: Netzsch-Geraetebau GmbH , 95100 Selb, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Denner
authors.affiliation: Airsense Analytics GmbH , 19061 Schwerin, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walte
authors.affiliation: Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock , 18057 Rostock, Germany.|Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group "Comprehensive Molecular Analytics", Helmholtz Zentrum München , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zimmermann