title: Multienzyme Inkjet Printed 2D Arrays.
abstract: The use of printing to produce 2D arrays is well established, and should be relatively facile to adapt for the purpose of printing biomaterials; however, very few studies have been published using enzyme solutions as inks. Among the printing technologies, inkjet printing is highly suitable for printing biomaterials and specifically enzymes, as it offers many advantages. Formulation of the inkjet inks is relatively simple and can be adjusted to a variety of biomaterials, while providing nonharmful environment to the enzymes. Here we demonstrate the applicability of inkjet printing for patterning multiple enzymes in a predefined array in a very straightforward, noncontact method. Specifically, various arrays of the enzymes glucose oxidase (GOx), invertase (INV) and horseradish peroxidase (HP) were printed on aminated glass surfaces, followed by immobilization using glutardialdehyde after printing. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used for imaging the printed patterns and to ascertain the enzyme activity. The successful formation of 2D arrays consisting of enzymes was explored as a means of developing the first surface confined enzyme based logic gates. Principally, XOR and AND gates, each consisting of two enzymes as the Boolean operators, were assembled, and their operation was studied by SECM.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
authors.forename: Efrat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gdor
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
authors.forename: Shay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shemesh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
authors.forename: Shlomo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Magdassi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mandler
mesh_terms: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D043324:beta-Fructofuranosidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D043324:beta-Fructofuranosidase
keywords: biomolecular logic gates; enzymes; patterning; printing; scanning electrochemical microscopy