title: Hypertrophic Lichenoid Eruption in a Child Successfully Treated Using Acitretin and Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review.
abstract: A 9-year-old boy presented with a history of keratotic violaceous plaques on the limbs and face for 8 years that had gradually progressed to erosive nodules on the extremities for 2 years. Several biopsies revealed hyperkeratosis, liquefactive degeneration of the basal layer, and a bandlike predominantly lymphocytic infiltrate. Based on the clinical and histologic findings, the patient was diagnosed with keratosis lichenoides chronica, a rare chronic dermatosis that is particularly uncommon in childhood. There are fewer than 20 reported cases of pediatric-onset keratosis lichenoides chronica in the current literature, with occurrence of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of primary keratosis lichenoides chronica lesions being even rarer. Here we present a unique pediatric-onset case accompanied by pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia that posed a significant treatment challenge to dermatologists. Significant improvement in the pseudoepitheliomatous skin lesions was achieved after treatment with oral acitretin capsules and surgical excision with skin grafting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Songmei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Yanting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Huling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Xinwu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Adult and Pediatric Dermatology, Concord, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Jennifer P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Toyohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Shengxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D017255:Acitretin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007641:Keratolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007642:Keratosis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D017514:Pityriasis Lichenoides / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D016038:Skin Transplantation
chemical_list: D007641:Keratolytic Agents; D017255:Acitretin