title: Diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, yellow fever and hepatitis B seroprevalence among HIV1-infected migrants. Results from the ANRS VIHVO vaccine sub-study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few data are available on the seroprotection status of HIV1-infected patients with respect to vaccine-preventable diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe, in a population of HIV1-infected migrants on stable, effective ART therapy, the seroprevalence of diphtheria, poliomyelitis, tetanus, yellow fever antibodies and serostatus for hepatitis B, and to identify factors associated with seroprotection. Vaccine responses against diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis and yellow fever were also studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sub-Saharan African patients participating in the ANRS-VIHVO cohort were enrolled prior to travel to their countries of origin. Serologic analyses were performed in a central laboratory before and after the trip. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with initial seroprotection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  250 patients (99 men and 151 women) were included in the seroprevalence study. Median age was 45 years (IQR 39-52), median CD4 cell count was 440/μL (IQR 336-571), and 237 patients (95%) had undetectable HIV1 viral load. The initial seroprevalence rates were 69.0% (95%CI 63.2-74.7) for diphtheria, 70.7% (95%CI 65.0-76.3) for tetanus, and 85.9% (95%CI 81.6-90.2) for yellow fever. Only 64.4% (95%CI 58.5-70.3) of patients had protective antibody titers against all three poliomyelitis vaccine strains before travel. No serological markers of hepatitis B were found in 18.6% of patients (95%CI 13.7-23.3). Patient declaration of prior vaccination was the only factor consistently associated with initial seroprotection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a low prevalence of seroprotection against diphtheria, poliomyelitis, tetanus and hepatitis B. HIV infected migrants living in France and traveling to their native countries need to have their vaccine schedule completed.
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe hospitalier Cochin Broca Hôtel-Dieu, Unité de biostatistiques et d'épidémiologie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mullaert
authors.affiliation: Inserm, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Avicenne, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, F-93000, Bobigny, France; Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abgrall
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lele
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin - Broca Hôtel Dieu, Laboratoire d'immunologie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Batteux
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin - Broca Hôtel Dieu, CIC Cochin Pasteur, Paris, France; Inserm, CIC 1417, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Lilia Ben
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Slama
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin - Broca Hôtel Dieu, Laboratoire d'immunologie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Meritet
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin - Broca Hôtel Dieu, Laboratoire d'immunologie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebon
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Hôpital Avicenne, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, F-93000, Bobigny, France; Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bouchaud
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe hospitalier Cochin Broca Hôtel-Dieu, Unité de biostatistiques et d'épidémiologie, Paris, France; Inserm, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grabar
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin - Broca Hôtel Dieu, CIC Cochin Pasteur, Paris, France; Inserm, CIC 1417, Paris, France. Electronic address: odile.launay@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Odile
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Launay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017954:Africa South of the Sahara; D004165:Diphtheria / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000276:immunology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013742:Tetanus / Q000276:immunology*; D014171:Transients and Migrants; D014195:Travel; D015004:Yellow Fever / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: Diphtheria; HIV; Hepatitis B; Migrants; Poliomyelitis; Tetanus; Vaccination; Yellow fever