title: Pre- and postnatal bisphenol A treatment does not alter the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) of weanling male and female rats.
abstract: Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) may interfere with brain sexual differentiation. Altered numbers of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) cells in the rodent anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) after developmental BPA treatment have been reported; however, definitive conclusions are lacking. The current study incorporated many of the guidelines suggested for endocrine disrupter research. Specifically, ethinyl estradiol (EE2) served as a reference estrogen, exogenous environmental estrogen exposure was controlled, BPA was administered orally, and subjects consumed a low phytoestrogen diet. Here, on gestational days 6-21, Sprague-Dawley rats (10-15/group) were gavaged with 2.5 or 25.0 µg BPA/kg/day or 5.0 or 10.0 µg EE2/kg/day or the vehicle (5 ml of 0.3% aqueous carboxymethylcellulose/kg/day). A naïve control group was weighed and restrained, but not gavaged. Beginning on postnatal day (PND) 1 and continuing until PND 21, the 4 pups/sex/litter were orally treated with the same dose their dam had received. On PND 21, 1/sex/litter was perfused and the brain removed. TH immunoreactivity (TH-ir) was counted in 8 images/pup by a technician blind to treatment status. ANOVA results indicated significantly higher TH-ir cells/mm(2) in females (main effect of sex: p<0.01); however, there was no significant effect of treatment or a significant interaction of treatment with sex. In a separate untreated group of PND 21 Sprague-Dawley pups, AVPV volume was quantified and no significant sexual dimorphism was apparent. Similar to our reported results of behavioral assessments, the BPA treatment paradigm used here (2.5 or 25.0 µg BPA/kg/day administered orally) does not appear to cause significant alterations in AVPV TH-ir.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. Electronic address: Sherry.Ferguson@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Sherry A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. Electronic address: Merle.Paule@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Merle G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Paule
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. Electronic address: Zhen.He@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002452:Cell Count; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007032:Hypothalamus, Anterior / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014886:Weaning; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D010636:Phenols; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Anteroventral paraventricular nucleus (AVPV); Bisphenol A; Postnatal; Prenatal; Rat; Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)