title: Analysis of MC4R rs17782313, POMC rs1042571, APOE-Hha1 and AGRP rs3412352 genetic variants with susceptibility to obesity risk in North Indians.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity is a multi-factorial disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The physiological pathways associated with obesity are complex and involve several genes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this survey is to evaluate the association of genetic variants of melanocortin-4-receptor (MC4R), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), apolipoprotein E (APOE) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) with obesity in the North Indian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  MC4R rs17782313, POMC rs1042571, APOE-Hha1 and AGRP rs3412352 polymorphisms were investigated for their association in 396 obese individuals with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2) and 300 healthy non-obese individuals with BMI < 30 kg/m(2). Genotyping was performed using Taqman probes and PCR-RFLP methods. Single locus logistic regression analysis was conducted using (SPSS), ver.19 and PLINK software Version 1.01 and high order genetic interactions associated with obesity risk were analysed using MDR software (version 2.3.0.2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genotypes of MC4R rs17782313, POMC rs1042571 and APOE-Hha1 were significantly associated with obese individuals (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) when compared with non-obese individuals (BMI < 30 kg/m(2)). No association of AGRP rs34123523 was seen with obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The best interaction model for predicting obesity risk by MDR analysis was the three factor model including POMC (C > T), MC4R (T > C) and APOE (Hha1) polymorphisms. Genetic variants in MC4R, POMC and APOE genes might play significant roles in predisposing obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) in the North Indian population.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Genetics , Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences , Rae Bareli Road , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India .|b Department of Physiology , King George's Medical University , Chowk, Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India .
authors.forename: Apurva
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Genetics , Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences , Rae Bareli Road , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India .
authors.forename: Balraj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mittal
authors.affiliation: b Department of Physiology , King George's Medical University , Chowk, Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India .|c Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Israel , and.
authors.forename: Jai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: d Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital , Darbhanga , Bihar , India.
authors.forename: Pranjal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: b Department of Physiology , King George's Medical University , Chowk, Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India .
authors.forename: Neena
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D054369:Agouti-Related Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D056426:Genetic Loci; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D016015:Logistic Models; D058011:Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin / Q000235:genetics*; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012984:Software
chemical_list: C515198:AGRP protein, human; D054369:Agouti-Related Protein; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin
keywords: Heterogeneous disorder; multifactor dimensionality reduction; predisposition