title: Impaired quality of life in treatment-seeking obese children of Dutch, Moroccan, Turkish and Surinamese descent.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of overweight and obese multi-ethnic children compared with normal-weight children; and to investigate differences in HRQOL between self- and parent-proxy reports and ethnic groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Out-patient clinic where children and their parents filled out a validated HRQOL questionnaire (KIDSCREEN-52) and height, weight, waist circumference and fat percentage were measured.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overweight and obese children, aged 8-18 years (mean BMI Z-score 3·2 (sd 0·6)), from the obesity out-patient clinic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and eight self- and 213 parent-proxy reported questionnaires were completed. Global HRQOL and the Physical Wellbeing, Moods & Emotions and Self-Perception subscales were markedly reduced in our multi-ethnic obese cohort, relative to the Dutch reference values. Parent proxies reported significantly lower on the global HRQOL and the Physical Wellbeing, Moods & Emotions and Bullying subscales. In Caucasian children, multivariate analyses showed that BMI was associated with the quality-of-life subscales Moods & Emotions, Self-Perception and Bullying.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HRQOL was markedly reduced in our multi-ethnic overweight and obese out-patient clinic cohort, with significantly lower parent-proxy scores compared with self-reported scores. We believe intervention programmes aiming to improve HRQOL should be directed to both parents and children, while ethnic-specific programmes to enhance HRQOL seem of less importance.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pediatrics,Slotervaart Hospital,Louwesweg 6,1066 EC Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nalini N E
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Radhakishun
authors.affiliation: 3Department of Medical Psychology,VU University,Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maartje
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.affiliation: 4Department of Internal Medicine,Leiden University Medical Center,Leiden,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mariska
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Vliet
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pediatrics,Slotervaart Hospital,Louwesweg 6,1066 EC Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ines A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: von Rosenstiel
authors.affiliation: 5Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology,Slotervaart Hospital,Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jos H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Beijnen
authors.affiliation: 6Department of Internal Medicine,Slotervaart Hospital,Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dees P M
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Brandjes
authors.affiliation: 2Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine,VU University Medical Centre (VUMC),Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diamant
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009018:Morocco / Q000208:ethnology; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010045:Outpatients; D050177:Overweight / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D010290:Parents; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D013532:Suriname / Q000208:ethnology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000208:ethnology; D055105:Waist Circumference; D044465:White People
keywords: Ethnicity; Obesity; Parent; Quality of life