title: Carbon accumulation and sequestration of lakes in China during the Holocene.
abstract: Understanding the responses of lake systems to past climate change and human activity is critical for assessing and predicting the fate of lake carbon (C) in the future. In this study, we synthesized records of the sediment accumulation from 82 lakes and of C sequestration from 58 lakes with direct organic C measurements throughout China. We also identified the controlling factors of the long-term sediment and C accumulation dynamics in these lakes during the past 12 ka (1 ka = 1000 cal yr BP). Our results indicated an overall increasing trend of sediment and C accumulation since 12 ka, with an accumulation peak in the last couple of millennia for lakes in China, corresponding to terrestrial organic matter input due to land-use change. The Holocene lake sediment accumulation rate (SAR) and C accumulation rate (CAR) averaged (mean ± SE) 0.47 ± 0.05 mm yr(-1) and 7.7 ± 1.4 g C m(-2)  yr(-1) in China, respectively, comparable to the previous estimates for boreal and temperate regions. The SAR for lakes in the East Plain of subtropical China (1.05 ± 0.28 mm yr(-1) ) was higher than those in other regions (P < 0.05). However, CAR did not vary significantly among regions. Overall, the variability and history of climate and anthropogenic interference regulated the temporal and spatial dynamics of sediment and C sequestration for lakes in China. We estimated the total amount of C burial in lakes of China as 8.0 ± 1.0 Pg C. This first estimation of total C storage and dynamics in lakes of China confirms the importance of lakes in land C budget in monsoon-influenced regions.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.|Sustainable Resource Management, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 6P9, Canada.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.|Zoige Peatland and Global Change Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hongyuan, 624400, China.
authors.forename: Huai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA.
authors.forename: Zicheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Resource Management, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 6P9, Canada.
authors.forename: Jianghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Ecological Forecasting and Global Change, College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forest University, Yangling, 712100, China.
authors.forename: Qiu'an
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Ecological Forecasting and Global Change, College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forest University, Yangling, 712100, China.|Institute of Environment Sciences, Department of Biology Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, C3H 3P8, Canada.
authors.forename: Changhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yanfen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Nanjin Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
authors.forename: Boqiang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis*; D057965:Carbon Sequestration; D002681:China; D002980:Climate; D057231:Climate Change; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D060106:Lakes / Q000032:analysis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon
keywords: aquatic ecosystems; carbon stock; climate change; global carbon cycle; human activities