title: Polio-Like Illness Associated With Outbreak of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children.
abstract: Poliomyelitis is a historically devastating neurological complication of poliovirus infection. Poliovirus vaccines have decreased the incidence of poliomyelitis to 209 global cases in 2014, with new cases of acute flaccid myelitis primarily associated with nonpolio enteroviruses. Recently, during outbreaks of enterovirus D68 throughout North America and Europe, cases of acute flaccid myelitis have been reported, suggesting another nonpolio enterovirus associated with acute flaccid myelitis. The authors describe 3 patients diagnosed with acute flaccid myelitis during a province-wide outbreak of enterovirus D68 with the virus detected in 2 of the patients. Given the significant morbidity associated with acute flaccid myelitis and potential for nonpolio enterovirus to cause outbreaks, prompt identification and notification of public health authorities are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crone
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, and Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Provincial Laboratory for Public Health of Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tellier
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Xing-Chang
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Otto G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Vanderkooi
authors.affiliation: Section of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Jong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Mah
authors.affiliation: Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Aleksandra.mineyko@albertahealthservices.ca.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mineyko
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D030016:Enterovirus D, Human; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009187:Myelitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology
keywords: acute flaccid myelitis; acute flaccid paralysis; enterovirus D68; myelitis; poliovirus