title: Effect of surfactants and temperature on germination and vegetative growth of Beauveria bassiana.
abstract: Three non-ionic surfactants: Tween20, Tween80 and Breakthru (®) were screened for their effects on spore germination and mycelial growth rates and for their influence on three isolates of Beauveria bassiana spore germination at various temperatures. Tween20 and Tween80 were compatible with all the B. bassiana isolates in the germination studies, but inhibited germination at higher surfactant concentrations, irrespective of the conidial concentrations . Breakthru (®) had an inhibitory effect on germination even at the lowest concentration of 0.1% on all the B. bassiana isolates. The effects of the surfactants on spore germination did not correspond with their effects on colony growth. Conidial viability within the same formulation declined significantly with increases in temperature, irrespective of the surfactant. The optimal temperature for conidial germination of B. bassiana isolates was approximately 25 °C with an upper limit at 30 °C. Isolate 7320 was identified as the least affected by the different surfactants. This isolate was able to germinate rapidly in a broad temperature range of 25-30 °C after 24 h, this characteristic being an essential factor in controlling house fly populations in poultry houses.
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Lizzy A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mwamburi
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Laing
authors.affiliation: School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Ray M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D052982:Beauveria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D025282:Mycelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D013501:Surface-Active Agents
keywords: Beauveria bassiana; conidia germination; mycelial growth; surfactant; temperature