title: Refining analgesia strategies using lasers.
abstract: Sound programs for the humane care and use of animals within research facilities incorporate experimental refinements such as multimodal approaches for pain management. These approaches can include non-traditional strategies along with more established ones. The use of lasers for pain relief is growing in popularity among companion animal veterinary practitioners and technologists. Therefore, its application in the research sector warrants closer consideration.
authors.affiliation: Capital Preclinical Scientific Research Consultants, LLC, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hampshire
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D007834:Lasers / Q000592:standards*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence