title: Association of IL28B genotypes with metabolic profiles and viral clearance rate in chronic hepatitis C patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  IL28B genotypes have a strong impact on treatment outcomes of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and on-treatment viral kinetics. Since metabolic regulation and interferon response are highly integrated, metabolic profiles may play an important role in the link between IL28B genotypes and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Thus, the association of IL28B rs8099917 genotypes with metabolic profiles and the impact of metabolic profiles on hepatitis C viral kinetic parameters were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control analysis including 278 CHC patients and 280 subjects without chronic HCV infection was performed. The associations of IL28B rs8099917 genotype with pretreatment metabolic profiles and early viral kinetic parameters were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to HCV genotype 1 patients, the differences in metabolic profiles were more significant in genotype 2 patients. HCV genotype 2 patients with TT genotype had higher serum total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels than those with GT genotype, and the differences remained significant when adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (p = 0.005 for total cholesterol; p = 0.006 for HDL). In addition, patients with higher serum TG, higher fasting blood glucose, and lower HDL had a lower viral clearance rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL28B genotypes may affect lipid profiles of CHC patients, especially in HCV-genotype 2 patients. Patients with higher serum fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and lower HDL have a lower viral clearance rate during pegylated interferon plus ribavirin therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Jer
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Division of Personalized Nutrition and Medicine, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, Jefferson, USA.
authors.forename: Hung-Chia
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center of Mathematical Modeling and Scientific Computing, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jenher
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeng
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Jer
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ding-Shinn
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. kaojh@ntu.edu.tw.|Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. kaojh@ntu.edu.tw.|Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. kaojh@ntu.edu.tw.|Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. kaojh@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jia-Horng
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kao
keywords: HCV RNA; Hepatitis C virus; IL28B genotype; Mathematical model; Metabolic profiles; Pegylated interferon; Viral kinetics