title: A retrospective analysis of environmental risk factors for the diagnosis of deep stromal abscess in 390 horses in North Central Florida from 1991 to 2013.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this investigation was to identify potential environmental risk factors for the diagnosis of equine deep stromal abscesses (DSA) in the subtropical climate at the University of Florida Veterinary Medical Center (UFVMC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases included were selected from the UFVMC medical record and imaging database, and included all cases of equine DSA diagnosed during the period from December 1991 to December 2013 in patients residing in north central Florida. Patient date of diagnosis and atmospheric data was obtained for north central Florida for the corresponding time period. Univariate and multivariate general linear models were generated testing effects and interactions between environmental conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When year, sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) and wind were analyzed in the presence of each other, a one-mile per hour increase in wind (P = 0.005) significantly increased the number of DSA cases by 1.63 cases per year. When the influence of temperature was evaluated in conjunction with year and nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), the number of cases decreased by 0.1534 per year for every degree increase in temperature (°C) (P = 0.039).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wind speed is the first significant atmospheric risk factor to be identified for DSA formation in the horse. The importance of environmental variance in the incidence of DSA indicates that the pathogenesis of DSA formation may be multifactorial, interdependent and provides support in some horses for the micropuncture hypothesis of DSA formation related to the involvement of environmental conditions causing precorneal tear film and epithelial damage.
authors.affiliation: SACS, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
authors.forename: Laura R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Proietto
authors.affiliation: Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 100101, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0101, USA.
authors.forename: Caryn E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Plummer
authors.affiliation: Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 100101, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0101, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.affiliation: Chronic Disease Research Group, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.affiliation: LACS, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16 Avenue, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
authors.forename: Dennis E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D014887:Weather
keywords: NO
  2; air quality; deep stromal abscess; fungi; horse; keratitis