title: Determination of Elemental Composition of Malabar spinach, Lettuce, Spinach, Hyacinth Bean, and Cauliflower Vegetables Using Proton Induced X-Ray Emission Technique at Savar Subdistrict in Bangladesh.
abstract: The concentrations of 18 different elements (K, Ca, Fe, Cl, P, Zn, S, Mn, Ti, Cr, Rb, Co, Br, Sr, Ru, Si, Ni, and Cu) were analyzed in five selected vegetables through Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique. The objective of this study was to provide updated information on concentrations of elements in vegetables available in the local markets at Savar subdistrict in Bangladesh. These elements were found in varying concentrations in the studied vegetables. The results also indicated that P, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, and Zn were found in all vegetables. Overall, K and Ca exhibited the highest concentrations. Cu and Ni exhibited the lowest concentrations in vegetables. The necessity of these elements was also evaluated, based on the established limits of regulatory standards. The findings of this study suggest that the consumption of these vegetables is not completely free of health risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Fahad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: A F M Mahmudul
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Mahiuddin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Nizam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Rezaul
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Mirzanagar, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Ferdous
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Farhan
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Khalik
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Sazzad
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Lokman
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.affiliation: Accelerator Facilities Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka (AECD), Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Joynal
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Abedin
mesh_terms: D001459:Bangladesh; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D004602:Elements; D031423:Hyacinthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D018545:Lactuca / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / Q000379:methods*; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000737:chemistry*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004602:Elements