title: Influence of the leptin and cortisol levels on craving and smoking cessation.
abstract: Leptin inhibits cortisol release and may increase the craving for cigarettes, hindering the process of smoking cessation. We evaluate the influence of the initial concentration of cortisol and serum leptin on craving and smoking status in individuals after one month of treatment for smoking cessation. The leptin concentration was adjusted by the Initial Body Mass Index (BMI) (leptin/BMI) and the initial percentage of body fat (%BF) (leptin/%BF). The craving was assessed using the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges-Brief (QSU-Brief). The QSU-Brief was assessed about a score of factor 1 (positive reinforcement by tobacco), and factor 2 (negative reinforcement by tobacco). Correlation was found between QSU-Brief (Factor 1 and 2) with the initial concentration of leptin/BF% among those who continued to smoke. There was a negative correlation between cortisol levels and leptin/%BF in individuals who remained smokers after 1 month. There was a positive correlation between leptin/BMI and leptin/%BF with the QSU-Brief (Factor 2) of 1 month in women who remained smokers (r=0.565; p=0.023) and the QSU-Brief (Factor 2) initial among the abstinent women (r=0.551; p=0.033). The highest concentrations of leptin were associated with greater craving and difficulty in achieve abstinence.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: arthurdasilvagomes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Arthur da Silva
authors.initials: Ada S
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Brazilian Health, Medical School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mayla Cardoso Fernandes
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Toffolo
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Brazilian Health, Medical School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Henriqueta Vieira van
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Keulen
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia Márcia
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Castro e Silva
authors.affiliation: Institute Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora. Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Institute Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sheila Cristina Potente Dutra
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Luquetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Institute Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa Loures
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.affiliation: Social and Clinical Nutrition Department, Nutrition School, Federal University of Ouro Preto. Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina Pinheiro
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Volp
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Institute Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - Juiz de Fora, MG. Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: aline.aguiar@ufjf.edu.br.
authors.forename: Aline Silva
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: de Aguiar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D066249:Craving / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020738:Leptin; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Behavior addictive; Leptin; Smoking; Substance withdrawal syndrome