title: Evaluation of bone remodeling around single dental implants of different lengths: a mechanobiological numerical simulation and validation using clinical data.
abstract: Algorithmic models have been proposed to explain adaptive behavior of bone to loading; however, these models have not been applied to explain the biomechanics of short dental implants. Purpose of present study was to simulate bone remodeling around single implants of different lengths using mechanoregulatory tissue differentiation model derived from the Stanford theory, using finite elements analysis (FEA) and to validate the theoretical prediction with the clinical findings of crestal bone loss. Loading cycles were applied on 7-, 10-, or 13-mm-long dental implants to simulate daily mastication and bone remodeling was assessed by changes in the strain energy density of bone after a 3, 6, and 12 months of function. Moreover, clinical findings of marginal bone loss in 45 patients rehabilitated with same implant designs used in the simulation (n = 15) were computed to validate the theoretical results. FEA analysis showed that although the bone density values reduced over time in the cortical bone for all groups, bone remodeling was independent of implant length. Clinical data showed a similar pattern of bone resorption compared with the data generated from mathematical analyses, independent of implant length. The results of this study showed that the mechanoregulatory tissue model could be employed in monitoring the morphological changes in bone that is subjected to biomechanical loads. In addition, the implant length did not influence the bone remodeling around single dental implants during the first year of loading.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Salles
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Sotto-Maior
authors.affiliation: b Department of Environmental Engineering , Federal University of Paraná , Curitiba , Brazil.
authors.forename: Emílio Graciliano Ferreira
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Mercuri
authors.affiliation: c Department of Health Sciences Center , Unigranrio University , Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
authors.forename: Plinio Mendes
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Senna
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil.
authors.forename: Neuza Maria Souza Picorelli
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Assis
authors.affiliation: d Department of Implantology , São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center , Campinas , Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Francischone
authors.affiliation: e Department of Prosthodontic and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School , Campinas State University , Campinas , Brazil.
authors.forename: Altair Antoninha
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Del Bel Cury
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: bone remodeling; dental implants; mechanobiological