title: Multivalency at Interfaces: Supramolecular Carbohydrate-Functionalized Graphene Derivatives for Bacterial Capture, Release, and Disinfection.
abstract: A supramolecular carbohydrate-functionalized two-dimensional (2D) surface was designed and synthesized by decorating thermally reduced graphene sheets with multivalent sugar ligands. The formation of host-guest inclusions on the carbon surface provides a versatile strategy, not only to increase the intrinsic water solubility of graphene-based materials, but more importantly to let the desired biofunctional binding groups bind to the surface. Combining the vital recognition role of carbohydrates and the unique 2D large flexible surface area of the graphene sheets, the addition of multivalent sugar ligands makes the resulting carbon material an excellent platform for selectively wrapping and agglutinating Escherichia coli (E. coli). By taking advantage of the responsive property of supramolecular interactions, the captured bacteria can then be partially released by adding a competitive guest. Compared to previously reported scaffolds, the unique thermal IR-absorption properties of graphene derivatives provide a facile method to kill the captured bacteria by IR-laser irradiation of the captured graphene-sugar-E. coli complex.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Zhenhui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Systems Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.|Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bharate
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Systems Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.|Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Chian-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ziem
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Electron Microscopy and Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Fabeckstrasse 36a, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Böttcher
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Electron Microscopy and Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Fabeckstrasse 36a, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.affiliation: Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry of the University of Freiburg , Stefan-Meier-Strasse 31, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beckert
authors.affiliation: Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hatting
authors.affiliation: Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry of the University of Freiburg , Stefan-Meier-Strasse 31, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mülhaupt
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Systems Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.|Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Seeberger
authors.affiliation: Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haag
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D010087:Oxides; D006108:Graphite
keywords: Multivalency; carbohydrates; host−guest chemistry; self-assembly; thermally reduced graphene oxide