title: Relevance of retrovirus quantification in cerebrospinal fluid for neurologic diagnosis.
abstract: Different human retroviruses, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV), can cause neurologic infection. However, a definitive diagnosis may be hampered by several factors. Quantification of the viral or proviral load in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be helpful in the diagnosis of nervous system disorders due to retroviral infection and may influence the treatment approach. The present work discusses retrovirus infection and neurologic impairment, as well as the usefulness of the determination of the HIV and HTLV proviral or viral load in cerebrospinal fluid in cases of neurologic disorder, in light of recent advances in this field. This study also discusses the different molecular techniques for quantifying the proviral load (real-time quantitative PCR, droplet digital PCR, and semi-nested real-time reverse transcription PCR) that are currently available.
authors.affiliation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Laboratory, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 3°andar, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil. carolrosadas@gmail.com.|Laboratório de Líquido Cefalorraquiano, Serviço de Patologia Clínica, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 3 ± andar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil. carolrosadas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosadas
authors.affiliation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Laboratory, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 3°andar, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil. mpuccioni@hucff.ufrj.br.|Neuroinfection Unit, Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Mariz e Barros, 775, Rio de Janeiro, 20270-004, Brazil. mpuccioni@hucff.ufrj.br.|Laboratório de Líquido Cefalorraquiano, Serviço de Patologia Clínica, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 3 ± andar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil. mpuccioni@hucff.ufrj.br.
authors.forename: Marzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puccioni-Sohler
mesh_terms: D006678:HIV / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000821:virology; D057089:Pathology, Molecular / Q000379:methods*; D019562:Viral Load