title: Antibody response to revaccination among adult non-responders to primary Hepatitis B vaccination in China.
abstract: About 10% adult failed to develop antibody response after primary hepatitis B vaccination, and revaccination may be an option to improve immune response, but the antibody responses to revaccination in adult non-responders have not been fully examined. Adult non-responders to primary 3-dose hepatitis B vaccination were randomly divided into 2 groups and revaccinated with 20 μg hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) derived from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (HepB-SC) or 20 μg HepB derived from Chinese hamster ovary cells (HepB-CHO), respectively, at 0-, 1-, 6- month. Seroconversion rate and titer of antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) was measured one month after the 1st and 3rd revaccination dose. Anti-HBs seroconversion rates significantly increased from 54.98% [95% confidence interval (CI) 48.60%-61.24%] after the 1st revaccination dose to 89.24% (95% CI: 84.74%-92.79%) after the 3rd revaccination dose (P < 0.001), and the geometric mean titer (GMT) of anti-HBs increased from 12.18 mIU/ml (95%CI: 7.81-18.98 mIU/ml) to 208.31 mIU/ml (95% CI: 148.87-291.47 mIU/ml) (P = 0.008).Compared with those with anti-HBs titer <2 mIU/ml after primary vaccination, those with antibody titer ≥ 2 mIU/ml after primary vaccination had higher seroconversion rate after the 1st dose revaccination (38.36% vs. 78.10%, P < 0.001) and after the 3rd dose of revaccination (84.25% vs. 96.19%, P = 0.003), and had higher antibody titer after the 1st dose of revaccination (3.32 mIU/ml vs. 74.21 mIU/ml, P < 0.0001) and after the 3rd dose of revaccination (145.73 mIU/ml vs. 342.34 mIU/ml, P = 0.01). Anti-HBs titer was significantly higher in those revaccinated with HepB-CHO than those revaccinated with HepB-SC after the 3rd dose (131.46 mIU/ml vs. 313.38 mIU/ml, P = 0.01). Revaccination on adult HepB non-responders increased the immune response to HepB and may confer further protection against hepatitis B virus infection. If possible, revaccination might be an option to HepB non-responders to secure more protection.
authors.affiliation: a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Jinan , China.|b Academy of Preventive Medicine; Shandong University ; Jinan , China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Jinan , China.|b Academy of Preventive Medicine; Shandong University ; Jinan , China.
authors.forename: Jiaye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Jinan , China.|b Academy of Preventive Medicine; Shandong University ; Jinan , China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Jinan , China.|b Academy of Preventive Medicine; Shandong University ; Jinan , China.
authors.forename: Bingyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Jinan , China.|b Academy of Preventive Medicine; Shandong University ; Jinan , China.
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: c Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: c Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Fuqiang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: c Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Guomin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: c Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Fuzhen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: c Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Jinan , China.|b Academy of Preventive Medicine; Shandong University ; Jinan , China.
authors.forename: Aiqiang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
keywords: adult non-responders; antibody response; hepatitis B vaccine; revaccination