title: Double primary non-small cell lung cancer with synchronous small cell lung cancer N2 nodes: a case report.
abstract: Synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC) is rare and very hard to distinguish from metastatic disease. Recent studies indicate the presence of this entity in the lung, with no mention to the involvement of the mediastinum. An extremely rare case of a 68-year-old male with double primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the left upper lobe and N2 positive nodes for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is presented. Modern diagnostic criteria as well as aggressive curative strategies are encouraged, in order to achieve better survival rates for such patients.
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Apostolos S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gogakos
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paliouras
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rallis
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Fotios
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chatzinikolaou
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Persefoni
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xirou
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsirgogianni
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Drosos
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsavlis
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sachpekidis
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Kosmas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsakiridis
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mpakas
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zarogoulidis
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zissimopoulos
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zarogoulidis
authors.affiliation: 1 Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Department of Pathology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 5 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 6 Nuclear Medicine Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barbetakis
keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); immunohistochemistry; small cell lung cancer (SCLC); synchronous primary lung cancer; thoracic surgery