title: Gut microbiota richness promotes its stability upon increased dietary fibre intake in healthy adults.
abstract: Gut microbiota richness and stability are important parameters in host-microbe symbiosis. Diet modification, notably using dietary fibres, might be a way to restore a high richness and stability in the gut microbiota. In this work, during a 6-week nutritional trial, 19 healthy adults consumed a basal diet supplemented with 10 or 40 g dietary fibre per day for 5 days, followed by 15-day washout periods. Fecal samples were analysed by a combination of 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing, intestinal cell genotoxicity assay, metatranscriptomics sequencing approach and short-chain fatty analysis. This short-term change in the dietary fibre level did not have the same impact for all individuals but remained significant within each individual gut microbiota at genus level. Higher microbiota richness was associated with higher microbiota stability upon increased dietary fibre intake. Increasing fibre modulated the expression of numerous microbiota metabolic pathways such as glycan metabolism, with genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes active on fibre or host glycans. High microbial richness was also associated with high proportions of Prevotella and Coprococcus species and high levels of caproate and valerate. This study provides new insights on the role of gut microbial richness in healthy adults upon dietary changes and host microbes' interaction.
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-5413
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tap
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Furet
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bensaada
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Philippe
authors.affiliation: CHU Grenoble, Bioénergétique-INSERM U1055, Université J. Fourier, Grenoble, 38000, France.|CRNH Rhône-Alpes, Pierre Benite, 69310, France.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rabot
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lakhdari
authors.affiliation: Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7257, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Marseille, F-13288, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lombard
authors.affiliation: Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7257, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Marseille, F-13288, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henrissat
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Corthier
authors.affiliation: CHU Grenoble, Bioénergétique-INSERM U1055, Université J. Fourier, Grenoble, 38000, France.|CRNH Rhône-Alpes, Pierre Benite, 69310, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fontaine
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doré
authors.affiliation: INRA, Micalis Institute, UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leclerc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000068016:Eubacteriales / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018720:Prevotella / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013559:Symbiosis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S