title: Enzymatic Alterations and Genotoxic Effects Produced by Sublethal Concentrations of Organophosphorous Temephos in Poecilia reticulata.
abstract: The responses of biochemical and genetic parameters were evaluated in tissues of Poecilia reticulata exposed to sublethal and environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.005, 0.01, or 0.02 mg/L of the organophosphorous (OP) pesticide temephos (TE) for 168 h. Activities of enzymes brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and liver carboxylesterase (CbE) were determined. Nuclear abnormalities (NA) and micronucleus (MN) frequency in gill erythrocytes were also measured. No mortality was observed over the experimental period; however, brain AChE activities were decreased significantly in guppies in all TE treatment groups after 72 h of exposure. Hepatic CbE activities of fish were increased in all TE treatment groups at 96, 120, and 144 h of exposure. The frequencies of MN and NA in fish gill erythrocytes displayed a marked rise after 168 h of exposure to concentrations of 0.01 or 0.02 mg/L TE. Thus, determination of these parameters may be employed as potential indices of exposure to TE using this sentinel organism for monitorining.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Environmental Health, Laboratory of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus , Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors.forename: Boscolli Barbosa
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: b Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis , Federal University of Uberlândia, Umuarama Campus , Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors.forename: Edimar Olegário
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: de Campos Júnior
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D043182:Carboxylesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology; D008297:Male; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D011036:Poecilia / Q000378:metabolism*; D000002:Temefos / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007306:Insecticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D043182:Carboxylesterase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D000002:Temefos