title: Prediction of response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy and establishment of individualized therapy in advanced rectal cancer.
abstract: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has become the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. However, no specific biomarker has been identified to predict a response to preoperative CRT. The aim of the present study was to assess the gene expression patterns of patients with advanced rectal cancer to predict their responses to preoperative CRT. Fifty-nine rectal cancer patients were subjected to preoperative CRT. Patients were randomly assigned to receive CRT with tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1 group, n=30) or tegafur-uracil (UFT group, n=29). Gene expression changes were studied with cDNA and miRNA microarray. The association between gene expression and response to CRT was evaluated. cDNA microarray showed that 184 genes were significantly differentially expressed between the responders and the non‑responders in the S-1 group. Comparatively, 193 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the responders in the UFT group. TBX18 upregulation was common to both groups whereas BTNL8, LOC375010, ADH1B, HRASLS2, LOC284232, GCNT3 and ALDH1A2 were significantly differentially lower in both groups when compared with the non-responders. Using miRNA microarray, we found that 7 and 16 genes were significantly differentially expressed between the responders and non-responders in the S-1 and UFT groups, respectively. miR-223 was significantly higher in the responders in the S-1 group and tended to be higher in the responders in the UFT group. The present study identified several genes likely to be useful for establishing individualized therapies for patients with rectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hotchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Higashijima
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Takasu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Teraoku
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011897:Random Allocation; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010094:Oxonic Acid; D011725:Pyridines; D005641:Tegafur; C525067:MIR223, human; C104201:gimeracil