title: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Nanocrystals with Controlled Yttria Content.
abstract: In this study, we demonstrate for the first time the hydrothermal synthesis of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanocrystals with controlled yttria content (x = 3-12 mol %; xYSZ) with negligible aggregation from aqueous solution. The nanocrystals were grown via the hydrothermal treatment of basic Zr(IV) and Y(III) carbonate complex aqueous solutions in the presence of a cationic ligand, N(CH3)4(+). The nanocrystals were characterized in detail by dynamic light scattering, ζ-potential measurement, X-ray diffraction, specific surface area measurement based on the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller theory, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Shorter reaction times and higher Y2O3 content produce aqueous solutions with higher transparencies containing nanocrystals with sizes of 10 nm or less. Nanocrystals with the target composition were obtained by hydrothermal reaction for longer than 3 h, regardless of the Y2O3 content. The main phase is tetragonal for (3-6)YSZ and cubic with disordered oxygen vacancies for (8-12)YSZ. The characteristics of the nanocrystalline material synthesized are consistent with those of bulk YSZ crystals, indicating the growth of high-quality nanocrystals.
authors.affiliation: †Division of Environmental Engineering Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515 Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: †Division of Environmental Engineering Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515 Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.affiliation: ‡Daiichi Kigenso Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd, 1-6-38, Hirabayashi-minami, Suminoe, Osaka 559-0025 Japan.
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.affiliation: ‡Daiichi Kigenso Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd, 1-6-38, Hirabayashi-minami, Suminoe, Osaka 559-0025 Japan.
authors.forename: Sadahiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yagishita
authors.affiliation: §Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, 11-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuruma
authors.affiliation: §Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, 11-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: §Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, 11-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe