title: Has the employment status of people living with HIV changed since the early 2000s?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In a context marked by major changes in the field of HIV and in the general socioeconomic context, this study aimed at investigating changes in the employment situation of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in France since the early 2000s.
  
  
  METHODS
  Repeated cross-sectional survey among two nationally representative samples of PLWHIV followed at hospital in France in 2003 (N = 2932) and 2011 (N = 3022).
  
  
  METHODS
  Differences between 2003 and 2011 in (1) rates of employment, unemployment, and inactivity and (2) rates of work cessation and access to work following HIV diagnosis were measured using two-step multivariate Poisson regression models adjusted for individual sociodemographic determinants of position on the labor market, and then additionally for health status characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, among working-age PLWHIV 60.9% in 2003 and 59.6% in 2011 were employed; 12.6 and 15.8%, respectively, were unemployed; and 26.5 and 24.6%, respectively, were inactive. Adjusting for sociodemographic determinants of position on the labor market, while employment rate was not different in 2011 compared with 2003, inactivity rate significantly decreased (adjusted prevalence rate ratio: 0.83, 95% confidence interval: [0.72-0.96]) and unemployment rate significantly increased (1.28 [1.04-1.57]). After additional adjustment for health status characteristics, the difference was no longer significant for inactivity (0.89 [0.77-1.03]) but remained significant for unemployment (1.55 [1.24-1.93]). Compared with 2003, in 2011 transitions to unemployment following HIV diagnosis tended to be more frequent (1.58 [0.92-2.68]) and access to work was significantly less frequent (0.57 [0.33-0.99]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improvements in HIV care have not translated into improvements in PLWHIV's situation regarding employment.
authors.affiliation: aINSERM bSorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Social Epidemiology, Paris cINSERM, U1018, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology of Occupational and Social Determinants of Health, Villejuif dVersailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Villejuif eINSERM, UMR912, Economics and Social Sciences Applied to Health & Analysis of Medical Information (SESSTIM) fAix Marseille University, UMR_S912, IRD gORS PACA, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Margot
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Annequin
authors.forename: France
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lert
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spire
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dray-Spira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014478:Unemployment