title: High Glucose Concentration Promotes Vancomycin-Enhanced Biofilm Formation of Vancomycin-Non-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in Diabetic Mice.
abstract: We previously demonstrated that vancomycin treatment increased acquisition of eDNA and enhanced biofilm formation of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus through a cidA-mediated autolysis mechanism. Recently we found that such enhancement became more significant under a higher glucose concentration in vitro. We propose that besides improper antibiotic treatment, increased glucose concentration environment in diabetic animals may further enhance biofilm formation of drug-resistant S. aureus. To address this question, the diabetic mouse model infected by vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) was used under vancomycin treatment. The capacity to form biofilms was evaluated through a catheter-associated biofilm assay. A 10- and 1000-fold increase in biofilm-bound bacterial colony forming units was observed in samples from diabetic mice without and with vancomycin treatment, respectively, compared to healthy mice. By contrast, in the absence of glucose vancomycin reduced propensity to form biofilms in vitro through the increased production of proteases and DNases from VRSA. Our study highlights the potentially important role of increased glucose concentration in enhancing biofilm formation in vancomycin-treated diabetic mice infected by drug-resistant S. aureus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Pathogenic Bacteria, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fusing St., Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jwu-Ching
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Pathogenic Bacteria, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fusing St., Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kowit-Yu
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, No.62, Shenjhong Rd., Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001786:Blood Glucose; D014640:Vancomycin; D005947:Glucose