title: Lycopene attenuates dichlorvos-induced oxidative damage and hepatotoxicity in rats.
abstract: Because of the widespread use of dichlorvos (DDVP) for domestic applications, evaluation of their toxic effects is of major concern to public health. Lycopene may lower oxidative stress by a mechanism that is not fully elucidated. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective efficacy of lycopene in terms of normalization of altered biochemical parameters following DDVP treatment in rats. Animals were divided into four groups. The first group was used as control, while groups 2, 3, and 4 were orally treated with lycopene (10 mg kg(-1) body weight (b.w.)), DDVP (1.6 mg kg(-1) b.w.), and DDVP plus lycopene, respectively. Results showed that oral administration of DDVP for 30 days increased the levels of lipid peroxidation markers such as malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonanal, and protein carbonyl content in liver. Also, a decrease in levels of vitamin C, vitamin E, and reduced glutathione was detected due to DDVP administration. These were accompanied by a decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase in the liver tissue. Moreover, DDVP increased the activities of serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and lipoxygenase, and the levels of bilirubin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and DNA-protein crosslinks, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, while decreased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our results provide new insights into the biochemical studies of relation between DDVP hepatotoxicity and lycopene treatment. Administration of lycopene to DDVP-treated rats reverted the status of hepatic markers to near-normal levels. These data suggest that lycopene can protect against the liver damage induced by DDVP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dammam University, Dammam, Kingdom Saudi Arabia ahmedmokhtar8@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Am Abu
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El-Saad
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom Saudi Arabia Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hazani
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: El-Gaaly
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004006:Dichlorvos; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002338:Carotenoids; D004006:Dichlorvos; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: Dichlorvos; antioxidants; liver; lycopene; oxidative stress