title: Prognostic analysis of primary mucin-producing adenocarcinoma of the lung: a comprehensive retrospective study.
abstract: Although primary mucin-producing adenocarcinoma of the lung is uncommon, each subtype has distinct clinical, pathological, molecular, and prognostic characteristics. This study aimed to determine correlations between clinical and pathological features and genetic phenotypes with the prognosis. We immunohistochemically examined the protein levels of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), Napsin A, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and genetically examined epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS mutations in these mucin-producing tumors. A total of 75 cases of mucin-producing adenocarcinoma of the lung were examined. ALK protein positivity was 33.3 % (25/75), and primarily occurred in solid predominant with mucin production subtype (SA). KRAS mutations occurred in 22.7 % (17/75) of patients, predominantly in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA). Positive TTF-1 and Napsin A expression was more common in SA, while they were both negative in IMA. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year progression-free survival rates of mucin-producing lung adenocarcinoma were 85, 64, and 38 %, respectively; the overall survival rates were 90, 67, and 50 %, respectively. Larger tumors, advanced stage, and lymph node metastasis were associated with poor prognosis. Mucinous minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (m-MIA) had the best prognosis, followed by IMA, SA, and acinar or papillary predominant adenocarcinoma with mucin production (A/P). KRAS mutations were an independent positive prognostic factor for postoperative progress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 28# Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.|Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.
authors.forename: Nanying
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Che
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.
authors.forename: Zichen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, 97# Machang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China. zhqing56@sina.com.
authors.forename: Haiqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 28# Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China. weilx301@263.net.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009077:Mucins
keywords: Genetic phenotype; Lung adenocarcinoma; Mucin-producing adenocarcinoma; Pathological subtype; Survival