title: Texture analysis on MR images helps predicting non-response to NAC in breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the performance of a predictive model of non-response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with breast cancer based on texture, kinetic, and BI-RADS parameters measured from dynamic MRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who underwent pre-treatment MRI were studied. Morphological parameters and biological markers were measured. Pathological complete response was defined as the absence of invasive and in situ cancer in breast and nodes. Pathological non-responders, partial and complete responders were identified. Dynamic imaging was performed at 1.5 T with a 3D axial T1W GRE fat-suppressed sequence. Visual texture, kinetic and BI-RADS parameters were measured in each lesion. ROC analysis and leave-one-out cross-validation were used to assess the performance of individual parameters, then the performance of multi-parametric models in predicting non-response to NAC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A model based on four pre-NAC parameters (inverse difference moment, GLN, LRHGE, wash-in) and k-means clustering as statistical classifier identified non-responders with 84 % sensitivity. BI-RADS mass/non-mass enhancement, biological markers and histological grade did not contribute significantly to the prediction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-NAC texture and kinetic parameters help predicting non-benefit to NAC. Further testing including larger groups of patients with different tumor subtypes is needed to improve the generalization properties and validate the performance of the predictive model.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, IREC (Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research) - IMAG, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, B1200, Belgium. nicolas.michoux@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Michoux
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, B1200, Belgium. stephane.vandenbroeck@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van den Broeck
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, B1200, Belgium. lacostelaure@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lacoste
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, B1200, Belgium. latifa.fellah@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fellah
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, B1200, Belgium. christine.galant@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galant
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, B1200, Belgium. martine.berliere@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berlière
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, B1200, Belgium. isabelle.leconte@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leconte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor