title: Rice Bran Protein Hydrolysates Improve Insulin Resistance and Decrease Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Rats Fed a High Carbohydrate-High Fat Diet.
abstract: A high carbohydrate-high fat (HCHF) diet causes insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MS). Rice bran has been demonstrated to have anti-dyslipidemic and anti-atherogenic properties in an obese mouse model. In the present study, we investigated the beneficial effects of rice bran protein hydrolysates (RBP) in HCHF-induced MS rats. After 12 weeks on this diet, the HCHF-fed group was divided into four subgroups, which were orally administered RBP 100 or 500 mg/kg, pioglitazone 10 mg/kg, or tap water for a further 6 weeks. Compared with normal diet control group, the MS rats had elevated levels of blood glucose, lipid, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Treatment with RBP significantly alleviated all those changes and restored insulin sensitivity. Additionally, RBP treatment increased adiponectin and suppressed leptin levels. Expression of Ppar-γ mRNA in adipose tissues was significantly increased whereas expression of lipogenic genes Srebf1 and Fasn was significantly decreased. Levels of mRNA of proinflammatory cytokines, Il-6, Tnf-α, Nos-2 and Mcp-1 were significantly decreased. In conclusion, the present findings support the consumption of RBP as a functional food to improve insulin resistance and to prevent the development of metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraparp Highway, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. kampeeporn@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Kampeebhorn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boonloh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraparp Highway, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. veerapol@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Veerapol
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kukongviriyapan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraparp Highway, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. bunkon@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Bunkerd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kongyingyoes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. upa_ku@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Upa
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kukongviriyapan
authors.affiliation: Department of Food technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. suptha@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Supawan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thawornchinsombut
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraparp Highway, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. patc_pan@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Patchareewan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pannangpetch
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D055951:Functional Food; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D016207:Cytokines; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007328:Insulin; D047495:PPAR gamma; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates
keywords: inflammatory cytokines; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; rice bran protein hydrolysates (RBP)