title: Epigenetics and therapeutic targets mediating neuroprotection.
abstract: The rapidly evolving science of epigenetics is transforming our understanding of the nervous system in health and disease and holds great promise for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches targeting neurological diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that epigenetic factors and mechanisms serve as important mediators of the pathogenic processes that lead to irrevocable neural injury and of countervailing homeostatic and regenerative responses. Epigenetics is, therefore, of considerable translational significance to the field of neuroprotection. In this brief review, we provide an overview of epigenetic mechanisms and highlight the emerging roles played by epigenetic processes in neural cell dysfunction and death and in resultant neuroprotective responses. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Neuroprotection.
authors.affiliation: Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. Electronic address: irfan@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Irfan A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Stem Cell Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Center for Epigenomics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. Electronic address: mark.mehler@einstein.yu.edu.
authors.forename: Mark F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Mehler
mesh_terms: D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D057890:Epigenomics; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D000066829:Neuroprotection / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Chromatin remodeling; DNA methylation; Heat shock factor-1; Neurodegeneration; Post-transcriptional; Preconditioning; RE-1 silencing transcription factor; Sirtuins; Stress responses