title: Molecular characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 viruses isolated from Baikal teals found dead during a 2014 outbreak in Korea.
abstract: Nineteen highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses were isolated from wild birds in the Donglim reservoir in Gochang, Jeonbuk province, Korea, which was first reported to be an outbreak site on January 17, 2014. Most genes from the nineteen viruses shared high nucleotide sequence identities (i.e., 99.7% to 100%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that these viruses were reassortants of the HPAI H5 subtype and the H4N2 strain and that their hemagglutinin clade was 2.3.4.4, which originated from Eastern China. The hemagglutinin protein contained Q222 and G224 at the receptor-binding site. Although the neuraminidase protein contained I314V and the matrix 2 protein contained an S31N substitution, other mutations resulting in oseltamivir and amantadine resistance were not detected. No substitutions associated with increased virulence and enhanced transmission in mammals were detected in the polymerase basic protein 2 (627E and 701D). Non-structural-1 was 237 amino acids long and had an ESEV motif with additional RGNKMAD amino acids in the C terminal region. These viruses caused deaths in the Baikal teal, which was unusual, and outbreaks occurred at the same time in both poultry and wild birds. These data are helpful for epidemiological understanding of HPAI and the design of prevention strategies.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Seol-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Mycroorganism Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resource, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Moonsuk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Chanjin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Eung-Roh
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Jongkyung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: In-Jung
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Deok
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Do
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyunghee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Seon
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D004372:Ducks; D000071225:Influenza A Virus, H5N8 Subtype / Q000235:genetics*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: H5N8; avian influenza; phylogenetic analysis; surveillance; wild bird