title: Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein Analogs as Osteoporosis Therapies.
abstract: The only bone anabolic agent currently available for osteoporosis treatment is parathyroid hormone (PTH)-either its N-terminal 1-34 fragment or the whole molecule of 1-84 aminoacids-whose intermittent administration stimulates new bone formation by targeting osteoblastogenesis and osteoblast survival. PTH-related protein (PTHrP) is an abundant factor in bone which shows N-terminal homology with PTH and thus exhibits high affinity for the same PTH type 1 receptor in osteoblasts. Therefore, it is not surprising that intermittently administered N-terminal PTHrP peptides induce bone anabolism in animals and humans. Furthermore, the C-terminal region of PTHrP also elicits osteogenic features in vitro in osteoblastic cells and in various animal models of osteoporosis. In this review, we discuss the current concepts about the cellular and molecular mechanisms whereby PTHrP may induce anabolic actions in bone. Pre-clinical studies and clinical data using N-terminal PTHrP analogs are also summarized, pointing to PTHrP as a promising alternative to current bone anabolic therapies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avda. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain. pesbrit@fjd.es.|Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. pesbrit@fjd.es.|Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. pesbrit@fjd.es.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Esbrit
authors.affiliation: Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avda. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.|Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.|Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Portal-Núñez
authors.affiliation: Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Nogués
authors.affiliation: Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Díez-Pérez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein
keywords: Bone anabolic therapy; Bone formation; PTHrP