title: Allopathic and traditional health practitioners' collaboration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Professional collaboration between traditional and allopathic health practitioners in South Africa is proposed in the Traditional Health Practitioners Act and could benefit and complement healthcare delivery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore and describe the collaborative relationship between allopathic and traditional health practitioners regarding the legalisation of traditional healing, and these health practitioners' views of their collaborative and professional relationship, as role-players in the healthcare delivery landscape in South Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative design was followed. The research population comprised 28 participants representing three groups: allopathic health practitioners (n = 10), traditionalhealers (n = 14), and traditional healers who are also allopathic health practitioners (n = 4). Purposive and snowball sampling was used. Data collection involved unstructured interviews, a focus group interview and modified participant observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicate both allopathic and traditional health practitioners experienced negative attitudes towards each other. Mutual understanding (in the form of changing attitudes and communication) was considered crucial to effective collaboration between these two health systems. Participants made suggestions regarding capacity building.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering realities of staff shortages and the disease burden in South Africa, facilitating collaboration between allopathic and traditional health practitioners is recommended. Recommendations could be used to develop strategies for facilitating professional collaboration between traditional and allopathic health practitioners in order to complement healthcare delivery.
authors.forename: Dalena
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Rooyen
authors.forename: Blanche
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pretorius
authors.forename: Nomazwi M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Tembani
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. wilma.tenham@nmmu.ac.za.
authors.forename: Wilma
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: ten Ham
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional / Q000379:methods; D036301:Qualitative Research; D013019:South Africa; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires