title: Volume and shape analysis of subcortical brain structures and ventricles in euthymic bipolar I disorder.
abstract: Previous structural magnetic resonance imaging (S-MRI) studies of bipolar disorder have reported variable morphological changes in subcortical brain structures and ventricles. This study aimed to establish trait-related subcortical volumetric and shape abnormalities in a large, homogeneous sample of prospectively confirmed euthymic bipolar I disorder (BD-I) patients (n=60), compared with healthy volunteers (n=60). Participants were individually matched for age and gender. Volume and shape metrics were derived from manually segmented S-MR images for the hippocampus, amygdala, caudate nucleus, and lateral ventricles. Group differences were analysed, controlling for age, gender and intracranial volume. BD-I patients displayed significantly smaller left hippocampal volumes and significantly larger left lateral ventricle volumes compared with controls. Shape analysis revealed an area of contraction in the anterior head and medial border of the left hippocampus, as well as expansion in the right hippocampal tail medially, in patients compared with controls. There were no significant associations between volume or shape variation and lithium status or duration of use. A reduction in the head of the left hippocampus in BD-I patients is interesting, given this region's link to verbal memory. Shape analysis of lateral ventricular changes in patients indicated that these are not regionally specific.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Quigley
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scanlon
authors.affiliation: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Liam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kilmartin
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; Translational MRI, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven & Radiology, University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Emsell
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Langan
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hallahan
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Conor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Mairead
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waldron
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hehir
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ridge
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kenney
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Stefani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Donoghue
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Rory
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nannery
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Srinath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ambati
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Gareth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Dara M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: colm.mcdonald@nuigalway.ie.
authors.forename: Colm
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McDonald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000473:pathology*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
keywords: Amygdala; Bipolar disorder; Caudate nucleus; Hippocampus; Magnetic resonance imaging