title: Progress in the application of molecular biomarkers in gliomas.
abstract: Gliomas are a common adult central nervous system tumor, and glioblastoma (GBM), which has a poor prognosis, is the most lethal of all gliomas. The overall survival of GBM patients is only 12-14 months after diagnosis. With progress in the precision of personal medication, therapeutic options for various tumors have become gradually dependent on the molecular profiles of patients. GBM is one of the tumors in which treatment response relies largely on the molecular characteristics of the tumor. Therefore, awareness of the genetic background of each patient will help decision-making regarding the best treatment strategy to use. In this review, a novel molecular classification of gliomas based on recent findings of their genetic characteristics is introduced. Representative molecular markers, such as IDH1 mutation, 1p19q co-deletion, MGMT promoter methylation and EGFRvIII amplification, are described. Furthermore, the development of non-coding RNAs and omics studies of GBM are briefly discussed. Finally, a novel concept for non-invasive detection that could facilitate both diagnosis and treatment monitoring is presented. There is no doubt that the use of molecular profiling by biomarkers will indeed improve the overall survival and quality of life of GBM patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: wangj@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.
authors.forename: Hong-kai
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Hua-fu
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China. Electronic address: chenzhp@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Zhong-ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: tony.to@polyu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Shing-shun Tony
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: To
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases / Q000235:genetics*; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005910:Glioma / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D057285:Precision Medicine; D011379:Prognosis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C410723:epidermal growth factor receptor VIII; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; C543588:IDH1 protein, human; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; C515491:MGMT protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes
keywords: Biomarkers; Glioblastoma; Glioma; Predictive; Prognosis