title: Bone biology, signaling pathways, and therapeutic targets for osteoporosis.
abstract: Major advances have occurred recently in the treatment of osteoporosis in recent years. Most patients are currently treated with bisphosphonates, denosumab, raloxifene, or teriparatide, and in some countries, strontium ranelate. Strontium ranelate and calcitonin have recently had their use restricted due to cardiovascular concerns and malignancy, respectively. The available agents have generally provided excellent options that effectively reduce fracture risk. New targets are being sought based on appreciation of the bone biology and signaling pathways involved in bone formation and resorption. These agents will directly target these signaling pathways, and further expand the options available for treatment of osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic E18-A, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. Electronic address: nicmiamd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Iñiguez-Ariza
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic E18-A, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. Electronic address: clarke.bart@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Bart L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D000069448:Denosumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019379:Teriparatide / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D019379:Teriparatide; D000069448:Denosumab
keywords: Anti-Dickkopf antibody; Anti-sclerostin antibody; Cathepsin K inhibitors; Osteoporosis; PTH; PTHrP