title: Health resource utilization associated with skeletal-related events: results from a retrospective European study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bone complications, also known as skeletal-related events (SREs), are common in patients with bone metastases secondary to advanced cancers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide a detailed estimate of the health resource utilization (HRU) burden associated with SREs across eight European countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible patients from centers in Austria, the Czech Republic, Finland, Greece, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, and Switzerland with bone metastases or lesions secondary to breast cancer, prostate, or lung cancer or multiple myeloma who had experienced at least one SRE (defined as radiation to bone, long-bone pathologic fracture, other bone pathologic fracture, surgery to bone or spinal cord compression) were entered into this study. HRU data were extracted retrospectively from the patients' charts from 3.5 months before the index SRE until 3 months after the index SRE (defined as an SRE preceded by an SRE-free period of at least 6.5 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the mean number of inpatient stays per SRE increased from baseline by approximately 0.5-1.5 stays, with increases in the total duration of inpatient stays of approximately 6-37 days per event. All SREs were associated with substantial increases from baseline in the frequency of procedures and the number of outpatient and day-care visits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SREs are associated with substantial HRU owing to considerable increases in the number and duration of inpatient stays, and in the number of procedures, outpatient visits, and day-care visits. These data collectively provide a valuable summary of the real-world SRE burden on European healthcare systems.
authors.affiliation: CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. jean-jacques.body@chu-brugmann.be.
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Body
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nova de Lisboa, National School of Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Haga Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harm
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sleeboom
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services Management, National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maniadakis
authors.affiliation: University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Terpos
authors.affiliation: Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Yves Pascal
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Acklin
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jindrich
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Finek
authors.affiliation: Centre for Observational Research, Amgen Ltd, Uxbridge, UK.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gunther
authors.affiliation: Health Economics, Amgen (Europe) GmbH, Zug, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hechmati
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics, Amgen Ltd, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mossman
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Oncologia do Hospital de Santa Maria, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: ZOZ MSWiA Z Warmińsko Mazurskim Centrum Onkologii, Olszytn, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rogowski
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hareth
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nahi
authors.affiliation: Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Moos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000473:pathology; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Bone metastases; Breast cancer; Health resource utilization (HRU); Lung cancer; Prostate cancer; Skeletal-related event (SRE)