title: Reduction of Tetrathionate by Mammalian Thioredoxin Reductase.
abstract: Tetrathionate, a polythionate oxidation product of microbial hydrogen sulfide and reactive oxygen species from immune cells in the gut, serves as a terminal electron acceptor to confer a growth advantage for Salmonella and other enterobacteria. Here we show that the rat liver selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase (Txnrd1, TR1) efficiently reduces tetrathionate in vitro. Furthermore, lysates of selenium-supplemented murine macrophages also displayed activity toward tetrathionate, while cells lacking TR1 were unable to reduce tetrathionate. These studies suggest that upregulation of TR1 expression, via selenium supplementation, may modulate the gut microbiome, particularly during inflammation, by regulating the levels of tetrathionate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Narayan
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
authors.forename: Avinash K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kudva
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
authors.forename: K Sandeep
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Prabhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D012643:Selenium / Q000378:metabolism; D013776:Tetrathionic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013776:Tetrathionic Acid; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; D012643:Selenium