title: Biomechanical analysis of engineered bone with anti-BMP2 antibody immobilized on different scaffolds.
abstract: Recently we have demonstrated the ability of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 immobilized on different scaffolds to mediate bone formation, a process referred to as Antibody Mediated Osseous Regeneration (AMOR). One of the key properties of regenerated bone is its biomechanical strength, in particular in load-bearing areas. This study sought to test the hypothesis that the biomechanical strength of regenerated bone depends of the mode of regeneration, as well as the scaffold used. Four different scaffolds, namely titanium granules (Ti), alginate hydrogel, anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM), and absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) were functionalized with anti-BMP-2 or isotype control mAb and implanted into rat critical-size calvarial defects. The morphology, density and strength of the regenerated bone were evaluated after 8 weeks. Results demonstrated that scaffolds functionalized with anti-BMP-2 mAb exhibited varying degrees of bone volume and density. Ti and ABBM achieved the highest bone volume, density, and strength of bone. When anti-BMP-2 mAb was immobilized on Ti or ABBM, the strength of the regenerated bone were 80% and 77% of native bone respectively, compared with 60% of native bone in sites implanted with rh-BMP-2. Control interventions with isotype mAb did not promote considerable bone regeneration and exhibited significantly lower mechanical properties. SEM analysis showed specimens immobilized with anti-BMP-2 mAb formed new bone with organized structure bridging the crack areas. Altogether, the present data demonstrated that the morphological and mechanical properties of bone bioengineered through AMOR could approximate that of native bone, when appropriate scaffolds are used. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1465-1473, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: Division of Restorative Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Jin-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Phark
authors.affiliation: Division of Restorative Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Sillas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paulino da Silva
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Navid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharifzadeh
authors.affiliation: Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moshaverinia
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. zadeh@usc.edu.
authors.forename: Homayoun H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zadeh
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020100:Hydrogels; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D003094:Collagen
keywords: antibody-mediated bone regeneration; biomaterials; bone morphogenetic protein; mechanical properties; monoclonal antibody; tissue engineering