title: A retrospective review of required projects in systems-based practice in a single anesthesiology residency: a 10-year experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has emphasized in its core competencies and more recently, in its Milestones Project, that residents understand the importance of systems-based practice (SBP). The objectives of the study are to evaluate the quality of residents' SBP projects and to determine the degrees that were subsequently implemented.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective educational observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university-based anesthesiology training institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty-nine anesthesiology residents in their final (postgraduate year 4) year of training who completed SBP projects for the last 10 years (2004-2013).
  
  
  METHODS
  A structured SBP course was provided for postgraduate year 4 anesthesiology residents with deadlines set such as project identification, data collection, and proposal draft. Each resident's written SBP proposal received inputs by 2 members of the department executive steering committee. The SBP projects concluded with oral presentations by each resident to the department executive steering committee, who provided overall scores.
  
  
  METHODS
  All SBP projects were categorized into 7 categories: safety initiatives, economic analysis, process analysis, policy change recommendations, education initiatives, teamwork/communication, and operating room efficiency. Evaluation scores using a Likert scale (1-9, where 9 is the best) were analyzed. The rate of implementation of project ideas within the department based on the presentations to the executive committee was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 149 projects, policy change recommendations was the most frequently chosen category (46 projects; 30.9%), followed by process analysis (36 projects; 24.2%). The overall evaluation score was 7.6 ± 0.6 (mean ± SD). A total of 53 projects (35.6%) were implemented in the department. There was no statistical difference between SBPs with implementation vs SBPs without implementation in terms of evaluation scores, year of the presentation, or categories.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This SBP project has given residents the opportunity to participate in a hospital system change aiming to improve efficiency and safety.
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology and the Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address: sakait@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Division of Chronic Pain, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address: emericktd@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Trent D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Emerick
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Medical Education, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address: patelrm@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Rita M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003142:Communication; D003479:Curriculum; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000191:economics; D004521:Educational Measurement; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D009873:Operating Rooms / Q000458:organization & administration; D061214:Patient Safety; D057766:Policy; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Medical education; Medical education systems-based practice; Outcomes; Professionalism