title: Revision of the Simulium (Simulium) melanopus species-group (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Sabah, Malaysia.
abstract: Species of the Simulium (Simulium) melanopus species-group in Sabah are taxonomically revised by examining type specimens of S. (S.) crassimanum S. (S.) laterale, and S. (S.) nigripilosum, all described from females by Edwards in 1933, and newly collected samples from the vicinity of Mt. Kinabalu. The females of these three species are redescribed, and their males and pupae are described for the first time based on adults reared from pupae. Simulium (S.) liewi Takaoka, 2007 and S. (S.) kinabaluense Smart & Clifford, 1969 are synonymized with S. (S.) crassimanum and S. (S.) laterale, respectively. Simulium (S.) cheedhangi Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Ya'cob, 2015 is newly recorded from Sabah. Two new related species, S. (S.) lardizabalae and S. (S.) timpohonense, are described from males reared from pupae. Keys to identify eight species of the S. melanopus species-group in Sabah are provided for females, males, pupae and mature larvae.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Email: takaoka@oita-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takaoka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Mohd
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sofian-Azirun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Zubaidah
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ya'cob
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Chee Dhang
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Koon Weng
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: International Tropical Forestry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: International Tropical Forestry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Maria Lourdes
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lardizabal
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D049628:Body Size; D005260:Female; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D011679:Pupa / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development; D012843:Simuliidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development