title: Microenvironment abnormalities and lymphomagenesis: Immunological aspects.
abstract: Innate and adaptive immune cells within the microenvironment identify and eliminate cells displaying signs of malignant potential. Immunosurveillance effector Natural Killer (NK) cells and Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) identify malignant cells through germline receptors such as NKG2D and in the case of CTLs, presentation of antigen through the T cell receptor. Manipulation of immunosurveillance through altered tumor-identifying ligand expression or secretion, resistance to cytotoxicity, or compromised cytotoxic cell activity through immune tolerance mechanisms all contribute to failure of these systems to prevent cancer development. This review examines the diverse mechanisms by which alterations in the immune microenvironment can promote lymphomagenesis.
authors.affiliation: Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK. Electronic address: j.gribben@qmul.ac.uk.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Gribben
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D056747:Immunomodulation; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015166:Monitoring, Immunologic; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019139:Tumor Escape; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology
keywords: Anergy; CD8; Cytotoxic; IL-10; Immunosurveillance; Lymphomagenesis; Microenvironment; NKG2D; Natural killer; PD-1; Regulatory; TGFβ; Tumorigenesis