title: Human epicardial adipose tissue has a specific transcriptomic signature depending on its anatomical peri-atrial, peri-ventricular, or peri-coronary location.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a visceral and perivascular fat that has been shown to act locally on myocardium, atria, and coronary arteries. Its abundance has been linked to coronary artery disease (CAD) and atrial fibrillation. However, its physiological function remains highly debated. The aim of this study was to determine a specific EAT transcriptomic signature, depending on its anatomical peri-atrial (PA), peri-ventricular (PV), or peri-coronary location.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Samples of EAT and thoracic subcutaneous fat, obtained from 41 patients paired for cardiovascular risk factors, CAD, and atrial fibrillation were analysed using a pangenomic approach. We found 2728 significantly up-regulated genes in the EAT vs. subcutaneous fat with 400 genes being common between PA, PV, and peri-coronary EAT. These common genes were related to extracellular matrix remodelling, inflammation, infection, and thrombosis pathways. Omentin (ITLN1) was the most up-regulated gene and secreted adipokine in EAT (fold-change >12, P < 0.0001). Among EAT-enriched genes, we observed different patterns depending on adipose tissue location. A beige expression phenotype was found in EAT but PV EAT highly expressed uncoupled protein 1 (P = 0.01). Genes overexpressed in peri-coronary EAT were implicated in proliferation, O-N glycan biosynthesis, and sphingolipid metabolism. PA EAT displayed an atypical pattern with genes implicated in cardiac muscle contraction and intracellular calcium signalling pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study opens new perspectives in understanding the physiology of human EAT and its local interaction with neighbouring structures.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Heart and Nutrition Department, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 1166, Paris F-75006, France INSERM, Nutriomics (team6 and Team3), UMR_S U1166, Paris F-75013, France Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Department 'Nutrition, Obésité et Risque Thrombotique', INSERM, UMR 1062, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gaborit
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Heart and Nutrition Department, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 1166, Paris F-75006, France INSERM, UMRS_S1138, Paris F-75006, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Venteclef
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Heart and Nutrition Department, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 1166, Paris F-75006, France INSERM, Nutriomics (team6 and Team3), UMR_S U1166, Paris F-75013, France Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Department 'Nutrition, Obésité et Risque Thrombotique', INSERM, UMR 1062, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ancel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Heart and Nutrition Department, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 1166, Paris F-75006, France INSERM, Nutriomics (team6 and Team3), UMR_S U1166, Paris F-75013, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pelloux
authors.affiliation: Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Hospital,13005 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Vlad
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gariboldi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Heart and Nutrition Department, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 1166, Paris F-75006, France Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart Department, 73013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leprince
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Heart and Nutrition Department, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 1166, Paris F-75006, France Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart Department, 73013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amour
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Heart and Nutrition Department, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 1166, Paris F-75006, France INSERM, Nutriomics (team6 and Team3), UMR_S U1166, Paris F-75013, France Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart Department, 73013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Hatem
authors.affiliation: Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Medical Evaluation Department, CIC-CPCET, 13005 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jouve
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Department 'Nutrition, Obésité et Risque Thrombotique', INSERM, UMR 1062, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France anne.dutour@ap-hm.fr karine.clement@psl.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dutour
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Heart and Nutrition Department, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 1166, Paris F-75006, France INSERM, Nutriomics (team6 and Team3), UMR_S U1166, Paris F-75013, France anne.dutour@ap-hm.fr karine.clement@psl.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Clément
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010496:Pericardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D059467:Transcriptome
keywords: Beige fat; Ectopic fat; Epicardial adipose tissue; Epicardial fat; Microarrays