title: Effect of oligosaccharides extract from palm kernel expeller on growth performance, gut microbiota and immune response in broiler chickens.
abstract: This study examined the prebiotic effects of oligosaccharides extract from palm kernel expeller (OligoPKE) on growth performance, cecal microbiota and immune response of broiler chickens. A total of ninety 1-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb-500) were randomly allocated to three treatment groups of six pens (replicates) with five birds per pen. Dietary treatments were: (i) basal diet as control, (ii) basal diet plus 0.5% OligoPKE, and (iii) basal diet plus 1% OligoPKE. Birds growth traits (ADG, ADFI and G:F) were measured during the starter (1-21 day), finisher (22-35 day) and the entire experimental periods. Blood and cecal digesta samples were collected from chickens at 21 and 35 days of age (DOA). Microbial quantification of the digesta samples, white blood cells including heterophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil counts and immunoglobulin (IgA and IgM) were also determined. OligoPKE had no effect on ADG and ADFI throughout the study period, but chickens fed OligoPKE supplemented diet had better (P < 0.05) G:F during finisher and overall rearing periods. Supplementing OligoPKE did not significantly alter the birds' microbiota of the cecal digesta. At 21 DOA, blood IgA concentration increased significantly when birds fed 1% OligoPKE in diet recorded compared to the control treatment. Similar observations were also recorded in birds at 35 DOA. Hematological data showed that heterophil and basophil counts of chickens fed OligoPKE supplement were lower than those in control group at 21 DOA. Our findings suggested that OligoPKE improved immune responses in broiler chickens, especially at younger age when the immune system is not still fully developed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siamak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faseleh Jahromi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia jbliang@upm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Juan Boo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Idrus
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zulkifli
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abdoreza Soleimani
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Farjam
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70010 Valenzano, Italy.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Laudadio
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70010 Valenzano, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tufarelli
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides; D056692:Prebiotics
keywords: broiler; immune system; oligosaccharides; palm kernel expeller; prebiotics