title: Analysis of the Human Prostate-Specific Proteome Defined by Transcriptomics and Antibody-Based Profiling Identifies TMEM79 and ACOXL as Two Putative, Diagnostic Markers in Prostate Cancer.
abstract: To better understand prostate function and disease, it is important to define and explore the molecular constituents that signify the prostate gland. The aim of this study was to define the prostate specific transcriptome and proteome, in comparison to 26 other human tissues. Deep sequencing of mRNA (RNA-seq) and immunohistochemistry-based protein profiling were combined to identify prostate specific gene expression patterns and to explore tissue biomarkers for potential clinical use in prostate cancer diagnostics. We identified 203 genes with elevated expression in the prostate, 22 of which showed more than five-fold higher expression levels compared to all other tissue types. In addition to previously well-known proteins we identified two poorly characterized proteins, TMEM79 and ACOXL, with potential to differentiate between benign and cancerous prostatic glands in tissue biopsies. In conclusion, we have applied a genome-wide analysis to identify the prostate specific proteome using transcriptomics and antibody-based protein profiling to identify genes with elevated expression in the prostate. Our data provides a starting point for further functional studies to explore the molecular repertoire of normal and diseased prostate including potential prostate cancer markers such as TMEM79 and ACOXL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; OncoMark Ltd, NovaUCD, Belfield Innovation Park, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: O'Hurley
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Christer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.affiliation: Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Linn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fagerberg
authors.affiliation: Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Björn M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hallström
authors.affiliation: Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stadler
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tolf
authors.affiliation: Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.affiliation: Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jochen M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schwenk
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jirström
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Urological Cancers, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bjartell
authors.affiliation: UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.affiliation: Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uhlén
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pontén
mesh_terms: D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics; D040901:Proteomics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011817:Rabbits; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C585426:Tmem79 protein, human; C000607521:ACOXL protein, human; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase