title: Abnormal traction of the vitreous detected by swept-source optical coherence tomography is related to the maculopathy associated with optic disc pits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Maculopathy associated with optic disc pits (ODP), which sometimes causes severe visual loss, usually appears in late childhood or early adulthood. However, it has long been unclear how the disease begins to develop at these ages. We evaluated the relationship between vitreous structure and maculopathy associated with ODP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients (seven eyes) with ODP were diagnosed between July 1990 and May 2013. Fundus photographs and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) images were evaluated retrospectively, and the vitreous at the vitreoretinal interface was visualized by reconstructing three-dimensional SS-OCT images. Vitrectomy was performed in the eyes with maculopathy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the six patients, five had ODP in one eye each and one patient had bilateral ODP. The pits were mainly located in the temporal quadrant, and maculopathy, including retinoschisis and retinal detachment, was detected in five eyes associated only with the temporal pits. A flat retinal detachment was observed in four eyes and identified within the vascular arcade except in one eye. A posterior precortical vitreous pocket (PPVP) was observed in all eyes except in one eye without maculopathy. Reconstructing images from SS-OCT showed the vitreoretinal interface abnormalities around the optic disc and the macular area in all eyes, which was completely different from the vitreoretinal interface in the normal pediatric eye. Vitrectomy was performed in four eyes with retinal detachment to resect the abnormal vitreous traction. Posterior vitreous detachment was created in two eyes. Retinal reattachment was achieved in three eyes, and subretinal fluid receded in one eye. The visual acuity improved in all four eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abnormal traction of the vitreous due to an abnormality of the vitreoretinal interface, which may be strengthened by the development of a PPVP, generates the maculopathy associated with ODP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. azuma-n@ncchd.go.jp.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azuma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003103:Coloboma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000002:abnormalities*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000267:Tissue Adhesions; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000379:methods; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Maculopathy; Optic disc pit; Posterior precortical vitreous pocket; Vitrectomy; Vitreoretinal interface abnormality; Vitreous traction