title: Overexpression of TMEM158 contributes to ovarian carcinogenesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transmembrane protein 158 (TMEM158) is a recently identified upregulated gene during Ras-induced senescence. Its association with various cancers has been recently reported. However, the expression and biological function of TMEM158 in ovarian cancer is still unclear. This study was aimed to elucidate the roles of TMEM158 in cell proliferation, adhesion and cell invasion of ovarian cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed TMEM158 mRNA level in ovarian cancer tissues and adjacent no-tumorous tissues by real-time PCR. We then suppressed TMEM158 expression of ovarian cancer cells by RNA interference and examined the effects of TMEM158 knockdown on cancerous transformation of ovarian cancer cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RNA-sequencing data of the ovarian cancer cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas project (TCGA) and our real-time PCR data showed that TMEM158 was overexpressed in ovarian cancer. Knockdown of TMEM158 by RNA interference in ovarian cancer cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, which may be due to the increase of G1-phase arrest. Silencing of TMEM158 also inhibited cell adhesion, cell invasion as well as tumorigenicity in nude mice. Moreover, knockdown of TMEM158 notably repressed cell adhesion via down-regulating the expression intercellular adhesion molecule1 (ICAM1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule1 (VCAM1). Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway was also remarkably impaired by TMEM158 silencing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggests that TMEM158 may work as an oncogene for ovarian cancer and that inhibition of TMEM158 may be a therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. mdcheng18@263.net.|Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. mdcheng18@263.net.
authors.forename: Zhongping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Jingguojr@163.com.|Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Jingguojr@163.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Lichenjr@163.com.|Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Lichenjr@163.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Ningluojr@163.com.|Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Ningluojr@163.com.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Weihongyangjr@163.com.|Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Weihongyangjr@163.com.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Xiaoyanqujr@163.com.|Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China. Xiaoyanqujr@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; C449281:TMEM158 protein, human; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins