title: Systemic administration of strontium or NBD peptide ameliorates early stage cartilage degradation of mouse mandibular condyles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether mandibular condylar cartilage degradation induced by experimentally abnormal occlusion could be ameliorated via systemic administration of strontium or NBD peptide.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were used. From the seventh day after mock operation or unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) treatment, the control and UAC mice were further respectively pharmacologically treated for 2 weeks or 4 weeks of saline (CON + Saline and UAC + Saline groups), SrCl2 (CON + SrCl2 and UAC + SrCl2 groups) or NBD peptide (CON + NBD peptide and UAC + NBD peptide groups). Changes in condylar cartilage and subchondral bone were assessed 21 and 35 days after mock operation or UAC procedure by histology and micro-CT. Real-time PCR and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to evaluate changes in expression levels of col2a1, aggrecan, ADAMTS-5, tnf-α, il-1β, nfkbia, nuclear factor-kappaB phospho-p65 in condylar cartilage, and rankl/rank/opg in both condylar cartilage and subchondral bone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cartilage degradation with decreased col2a1 and aggrecan expression, and increased ADAMTS-5, tnf-α/il1-β, nfkbia and NF-κB phospho-p65 was observed in UAC + Saline groups. Subchondral bone loss with increased osteoclast numbers and decreased opg/rankl ratio was found in UAC + Saline groups compared to age-match CON + Saline groups. Cartilage degradation and subchondral bone loss were reversed by treatment of SrCl2 or NBD peptide while the same dosage in control mice induced few changes in condylar cartilage and subchondral bone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate reverse effect of systemic administration of strontium or NBD peptide on UAC-induced condylar cartilage degradation and subchondral bone loss.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.|Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Y-D
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: H-X
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: L-F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: H-Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: J-J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Y-P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: M-Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071116:ADAMTS5 Protein; D053674:Aggrecans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005260:Female; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008310:Malocclusion; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013324:Strontium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053674:Aggrecans; C447413:Col2a1 protein, mouse; D024043:Collagen Type II; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; C467063:NBD peptide, mouse; C000606205:Nfkbia protein, mouse; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D010455:Peptides; D011509:Proteoglycans; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; C505687:Tnfrsf11a protein, mouse; C506031:Tnfrsf11b protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000071116:ADAMTS5 Protein; C498489:Adamts5 protein, mouse; D013324:Strontium
keywords: Cartilage; Dental occlusion; NBD (NEMO-binding domain) peptide; Osteoarthritis; Strontium; Subchondral bone; Temporomandibular joint