title: Effect of Phosphate Addition on Cadmium Precipitation and Adsorption in Contaminated Arable Soil with a Low Concentration of Cadmium.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the phosphorus (P) level required to induce cadmium (Cd) precipitation in a contaminated arable soil with low concentrations of Cd and (2) the primary mechanism of Cd immobilization at different P levels. Phosphorus was added at levels of 0 800, 1600, and 16,000 mg P kg(-1) to a soil containing 5.57 mg Cd kg(-1). The concentration of 1 M NH4OAc extractable Cd decreased significantly with P levels up to 1600 mg kg(-1) due to an increase in soil pH and negative charge of soil (p<0.001). A further decrease in 1 M NH4OAc extractable Cd concentration was noted when P was increased to 16,000 mg P kg(-1) and may have been the result of Cd precipitation. This study suggest that adding P at high levels may help in the formation of geochemically stable Cd minerals in soil containing low levels of this heavy metal.
authors.affiliation: Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, 1110 Rotunda Lane North, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
authors.forename: Sung Un
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, 1110 Rotunda Lane North, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
authors.forename: Vance N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Gyun
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Mong
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyean Cheal
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea.
authors.forename: Keun Ki
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hong Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea. soilchem@pusan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Chang Oh
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium
keywords: Adsorption; Cadmium; Cd minerals; Phosphate; Precipitation