title: Review and demonstration of ultra-low-emittance photocathode measurements.
abstract: This paper reports the development of a simple and reliable apparatus for measuring ultra-low emittance, or equivalently the mean transverse energy from cryogenically cooled photocathodes. The existing methods to measure ultra-low emittance from photocathodes are reviewed. Inspired by the available techniques, we have implemented two complementary methods, the waist scan and voltage scan, in one system giving consistent results. Additionally, this system is capable of measuring the emittance at electric fields comparable to those obtained in DC photoinjectors.
authors.affiliation: CLASSE, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA.
authors.forename: Hyeri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: CLASSE, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA.
authors.forename: Siddharth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karkare
authors.affiliation: CLASSE, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cultrera
authors.affiliation: CLASSE, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: CLASSE, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA.
authors.forename: Ivan V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Bazarov