title: Metabolomic Applications to the Characterization of the Mode-of-Action of CDK Inhibitors.
abstract: Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate cell cycle progression, and some of them are also involved in the control of cellular transcription. Dysregulation of these critical cellular processes, due to the aberrant expression of some of these proteins, is common in many neoplastic malignancies. Consequently, the development of chemical compounds capable of inhibiting the biological activity of CDKs represents an attractive strategy in the anticancer area. CDK inhibition can trigger apoptosis and could be particularly useful in hematological malignancies, which are more sensitive to inhibition of cell cycle and apoptosis induction. Over the last few years, a number of pharmacological inhibitors of CDKs (CDKIs) belonging to different chemical families have been developed, and some of them have been tested in clinical trials. Given the complexity of the role of CDKs in cell functioning, it would be desirable to develop new tools that could facilitate a better understanding of the new insights into CDK functions and the mode-of-actions of CDKIs. In this context, this chapter describes an experimental approach to evaluate the metabolic consequences of CDKIs at the cellular level based on metabolomics by NMR. More specifically, a description of a strategy to characterize the biochemical effects of CDKIs acting on mammalian cells is provided, including protocols for the extraction of hydrophilic and lipophilic metabolites, the acquisition of 1D and 2D metabolomic Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments, the identification and quantification of metabolites, and the annotation of the results in the context of biochemical pathways.
authors.affiliation: Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, Advanced Therapies Program, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, Valencia, 46012, Spain.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palomino-Schätzlein
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pineda-Lucena
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D050756:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D050756:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases