title: Hypoglycemic Activity through a Novel Combination of Fruiting Body and Mycelia of Cordyceps militaris in High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is currently ranked among leading causes of death worldwide in which type 2 DM is reaching an epidemic proportion. Hypoglycemic medications for type 2 DM have either proven inadequate or posed adverse effects; therefore, the Chinese herbal products are under investigation as an alternative treatment. In this study, a novel combination of fruiting body and mycelia powder of herbal Cordyceps militaris number 1 (CmNo1) was administered to evaluate their potential hypoglycemic effects in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced type 2 DM in C57BL/6J mice. Body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and blood biochemistry indexes were measured. Results indicated that CmNo1 lowered the blood glucose level by increasing insulin sensitivity, while no change in body weight was observed. Increased protein expression of IRS-1, pIRS-1, AKT, pAKT, and GLUT-4 in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue was found indicating restoration of insulin signaling. Additionally, PPAR-γ expression in adipose tissue restored the triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Finally, our results suggest that CmNo1 possesses strong hypoglycemic, anticholesterolemic, and antihypertriglyceridemic actions and is more economical alternate for DM treatment.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan ; Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sung-Hsun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Szu-Yu Tina
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Shan
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Navneet Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Yongkang District, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiunn-Jye
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chuu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sy-Jye
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Win-Ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D032661:Cordyceps; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D025282:Mycelium; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; C526295:Irs1 protein, mouse; D047495:PPAR gamma; D028321:Plant Preparations; C495693:Slc2a4 protein, mouse; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt