title: Influence of Cu-Ti thin film surface properties on antimicrobial activity and viability of living cells.
abstract: The paper describes properties of thin-film coatings based on copper and titanium. Thin films were prepared by co-sputtering of Cu and Ti targets in argon plasma. Deposited coatings consist of 90at.% of Cu and 10at.% of Ti. Characterization of the film was made on the basis of investigations of microstructure and physicochemical properties of the surface. Methods such as scanning electron microscopy, x-ray microanalysis, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, optical profilometry and wettability measurements were used to assess the properties of deposited thin films. An impact of Cu-Ti coating on the growth of selected bacteria and viability of the living cells (line L929, NCTC clone 929) was described in relation to the structure, surface state and wettability of the film. It was found that as-deposited films were amorphous. However, in such surroundings the nanocrystalline grains of 10-15nm and 25-35nm size were present. High surface active area with a roughness of 8.9nm, had an effect on receiving relatively high water contact angle value (74.1°). Such wettability may promote cell adhesion and result in an increase of the probability of copper ion transfer from the film surface into the cell. Thin films revealed bactericidal and fungicidal effects even in short term-contact. High activity of prepared films was directly related to high amount (ca. 51 %) of copper ions at 1+ state as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results have shown.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland. Electronic address: damian.wojcieszak@pwr.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Damian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wojcieszak
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaczmarek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antosiak
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazur
authors.affiliation: Department for Experimental Surgery and Biomaterials Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Poniatowskiego 2, 50-326 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rybak
authors.affiliation: Department for Experimental Surgery and Biomaterials Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Poniatowskiego 2, 50-326 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rusak
authors.affiliation: Department for Experimental Surgery and Biomaterials Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Poniatowskiego 2, 50-326 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osekowska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poniedzialek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gamian
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Bogumila
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Szponar
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis / Q000379:methods; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017155:Wettability; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003300:Copper; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Antimicrobial; Cell viability; Cu–Ti; Cytotoxic; Magnetron sputtering; Surface properties; Thin film