title: Development of a standard gas generating vial comprised of a silicon oil-polystyrene/divinylbenzene composite sorbent.
abstract: In this work, a highly reproducible standard gas generating vial is proposed. The vial is comprised of a silicon diffusion pump oil spiked with an appropriate calibration compound, such as modified McReynolds probes (benzene, 2-pentanone, pyridine, 1-nitropropane, 1-pentanol, and n-octane), and then mixed with polystyrene/divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) particles. The concentrations of these compounds in gaseous headspace were found to substantially decrease in comparison to previously developed hydrocarbon pump oil based vials; hence, the amount of standard loaded onto SPME fibers was at most, half that of the previous vial design. Depletion for all compounds after 208 successive extractions was shown to be less than 3.5%. Smaller quantities of standards being used resulted in a vial that depleted slower while remaining statistically repeatable over a wider number of runs. Indeed, it was found that depletion could be largely predicted by using a mass balance theoretical model. This behavior allowed a further increase in the number of loadings that could be performed repeatedly. At a 95% level of confidence, the ANOVA test demonstrated that the prepared vials were statistically identical, with no significant intra- or inter-batch differences. In addition, it was found that vials stored under different conditions (e.g. under light exposure, room temperature, and within a refrigerator) were stable over 10 weeks. Silicon based vials proved to be ideal for performing instrument quality control and loading of internal standards onto fibers, both of which are of great importance when performing on-site analysis using portable GC-MS instrumentation and high throughput determinations in laboratory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Grandy
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: German A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gómez-Ríos
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: janusz@uwaterloo.ca.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pawliszyn
mesh_terms: D001554:Benzene / Q000737:chemistry; D002138:Calibration; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation; D005740:Gases; D009595:Nitroparaffins / Q000737:chemistry; D009795:Octanes / Q000737:chemistry; D000439:Pentanols / Q000737:chemistry; D010422:Pentanones / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011407:Propane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D009595:Nitroparaffins; D009795:Octanes; D000439:Pentanols; D010422:Pentanones; D011137:Polystyrenes; C432006:divinylbenzene-polystyrene copolymer; C035314:1-nitropropane; C076402:2-pentanone; D001554:Benzene; C024999:n-pentanol; D011407:Propane; C026728:octane; D012825:Silicon
keywords: Headspace; In-vial; Polymeric sorbent; Portable; Standard generation