title: A Case-control Study of Environmental Risk Factors for Nonsyndromic Cleft of the Lip and/or Palate in Xuzhou, China.
abstract: In this study, we sought to determine the association between environmental factors and nonsyndromic cleft of the lip and/or palate (NSCLP) to understand the etiology of the disease. A total of 200 NSCLP cases and 327 controls were recruited at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xuzhou City. We conducted face-to-face interviews with the mothers of both cases and controls. The factors increasing the risk of NSCLP were a positive family history [odds ratio (OR)=56.74], pesticide exposure (OR=8.90), and indoor decoration pollution (OR=4.32). On the other hand, the factors decreasing the risk of NSCLP were a high education level (OR=0.22) and supplementation of folic acid (OR=0.23) and multivitamins (OR=0.16). Positive family history, pesticide exposure, and indoor decoration pollution are associated with the risk of NSCLP. In contrast, high education level and folic acid and multivitamin supplementation are protective factors against NSCLP.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Li Fang
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiao Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Ji Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Ya Peng
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jin Peng
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xuzhou City, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Qing Rong
authors.initials: QR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xuzhou City, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yi Qun
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xuzhou City, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yu Juan
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Obstetrical Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xuzhou City, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Mei Rong
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Hong Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Li Chun
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005492:Folic Acid