title: Inhibition of ASCT2 is essential in all-trans retinoic acid-induced reduction of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells.
abstract: Vitamin A has preventive effects on obesity. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the active form of vitamin A, inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells in an experimental adipogenesis model. We found that ATRA suppressed up-regulation of the amino acid transporter, Asct2, in adipogenerating 3T3-L1 cells. We observed that Asct2 was up-regulated at 1 day after adipogenesis stimuli. The Asct2 inhibitor l-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide (GPNA) decreased lipid accumulation. Glutamine-free conditions also suppressed adipogenesis. Suppression of adipogenesis by ATRA may be through Asct2 reduction. These results indicate that Asct2 could be a target for obesity prevention and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Natsumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Chisato
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kitanaka
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sagara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
keywords: ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid; Adipocyte; All-trans retinoic acid; Asct2; DIM, dexamethasone, insulin and 3-isobutylmethylxanthine; FXR, farnesoid X Receptor; GPNA, l-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide; Gapdh, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Obesity; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; RAR, retinoic acid receptor; RXR, retinoid X receptor; l-glutamine