title: Subgroups of fibromyalgia patients using the 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria and the modified 2010 preliminary diagnostic criteria: the al-Ándalus project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to investigate the symptom profiles in subsets of fibromyalgia patients according to the subgroups created from the satisfaction of the 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) diagnostic criteria (1990c) and/or the modified 2010 ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria (m-2010c).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 913 (84 men) participants took part in this cross-sectional study. Participants were grouped as follows: i) 285 who did not fulfil any ACR diagnostic criteria (non-fibromyalgia); ii) 73 who fulfilled the 1990c only; iii) 96 who fulfilled the m-2010c only; iv) 459 who fulfilled both ACR diagnostic criteria. Experimental and clinical pain, chronic pain self-efficacy, pain catastrophising, fibromyalgia severity, fatigue, health-related quality of life, depression, state anxiety and physical fitness were assessed by means of several questionnaires and tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the differences were consistent across all study outcomes (all, overall p<0.001), showing that the subgroup fulfilling both diagnostic criteria had the worst profile of all the subgroups, whereas those fulfilling any diagnostic criteria (non-fibromyalgia participants) had the most favourable results. Furthermore, the subgroup fulfilling the m-2010c only had a worse profile than the subgroup fulfilling the 1990c only, and presented similar but slightly better results than those fulfilling both diagnostic criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results reinforce the understanding of fibromyalgia as a heterogeneous condition. Subgrouping of fibromyalgia patients is highly recommendable, since these subgroups show diverse clinical pictures and therefore treatment options should be individually tailored to their specific profile. The combination of 1990c and the m-2010c is potentially useful to identify subgroups of fibromyalgia patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. vsegura@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Segura-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soriano-Maldonado
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Inmaculada C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Álvarez-Gallardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; and Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Estévez-López
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences Education, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carbonell-Baeza
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delgado-Fernández
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001526:Behavioral Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013030:Spain; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D063189:Symptom Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards