title: Central role of neutrophil in the pathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis.
abstract: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is an acute abdominal disease with the strong systemic inflammatory response, and rapidly progresses from a local pancreatic damage into multiple organ dysfunction. For many decades, the contributions of neutrophils to the pathology of SAP were traditionally thought to be the chemokine and cytokine cascades that accompany inflammation. In this review, we focus mainly on those recently recognized aspects of neutrophils in SAP processes. First, emerging evidence suggests that therapeutic interventions targeting neutrophils significantly lower tissue damage and protect against the occurrence of pancreatitis. Second, trypsin activation promotes the initial neutrophils recruitment into local pancreas, and subsequently neutrophils infiltration in turn triggers trypsin production. Finally, neutrophils have the unique ability to release neutrophil extracellular traps even in the absence of pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Department, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated the First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Wen
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Digestive Department, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated the First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xiao
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Digestive Department, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated the First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014357:Trypsin
keywords: NETs; neutrophils; severe acute pancreatitis; trypsin activation