title: Assessment of CD27 expression as a tool for active and latent tuberculosis diagnosis.
abstract: There are still no reliable tests to distinguish active tuberculosis (TB) from latent TB infection (LTBI). Assessment of CD27 modulation on CD4⁺ T-cells has been suggested as a tool to diagnose different TB stages.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To use several cytometric approaches to evaluate CD27 expression on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific CD4⁺ T-cells to differentiate TB stages.
  
  
  METHODS
  55 HIV-uninfected subjects were enrolled: 13 active TB; 12 cured TB; 30 LTBI. Whole blood was stimulated with RD1-proteins or Cytomegalovirus-lysate (CMV). Interferon (IFN)-γ response was evaluated by cytometry. The proportion of CD27(±) within the IFN-γ⁺ CD4⁺ T-cells or RATIO of the CD27-median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD4⁺ T-cells over the CD27 MFI of IFN-γ⁺ CD4⁺ T-cells was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The greatest diagnostic accuracy in discriminating active TB vs. LTBI or cured TB was reached by evaluating the CD27(+) CD45RA(-) cells within the IFN-γ⁺ CD4⁺ T-cell subset (76.92 sensitivity for both, and 90% and 91.67% specificity, respectively), although the use of the CD27 MFI RATIO allows for stricter data analysis, independent of the operator.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the study of CD27 expression using different approaches, whether it involves evaluation of CD45RA expression or not, is a robust biomarker for discriminating TB stages.
authors.affiliation: Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, Rome 00149, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Petruccioli
authors.affiliation: Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, Rome 00149, Italy.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Petrone
authors.affiliation: Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, Rome 00149, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vanini
authors.affiliation: Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, Rome 00149, Italy.
authors.forename: Gilda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cuzzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, INMI, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Assunta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Navarra
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department, INMI, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gualano
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department, INMI, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palmieri
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, INMI, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Girardi
authors.affiliation: Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, Rome 00149, Italy. Electronic address: delia.goletti@inmi.it.
authors.forename: Delia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goletti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D015415:Biomarkers; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens
keywords: Biomarker; CD27; Diagnosis; LTBI; Tuberculosis