title: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in Virgin Women With Tubo-ovarian Abscess: A Single-Center Experience and Literature Review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in virgin women and investigate the clinical characteristics of the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review and literature review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary academic center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Virgin women who were confirmed to have PID via surgery from 2002 to 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  The evaluation of medicosurgical history, clinical progress, surgical record, and pathologic reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 122 patients diagnosed with PID via surgery, 5 women were virgins (4.1%). The median age was 21 years (range, 14-24 years), and all patients presented with abdominal pain. The median diameter of the pelvic abscess pocket on preoperative imaging was 4.5 cm (range, 2.6-15 cm). Only 1 case was preoperatively diagnosed as a tubo-ovarian abscess; the others were expected to be benign ovarian tumors, such as endometrioma and dermoid cysts. No possible source of infection was identified for any patient, except 1 who had a history of an appendectomy because of a ruptured appendix. The results of the histopathological analysis of the excisional biopsy performed during surgery in 4 cases were consistent with acute suppurative inflammation. After postoperative antibiotic use, the conditions of all patients stabilized, and they were discharged from the hospital on median postoperative day 9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PID in virgin women is rare, but it should be considered in all women with abdominal pain, regardless of sexual history.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Woong
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jklee38@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jae-Kwan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D000038:Abscess / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012746:Sexual Abstinence; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Nonsexually active; Pelvic inflammatory disease; Tubo-ovarian abscess; Virgin