title: Novel Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Based Sulfonic Acid as an Efficient Catalyst in the Selective Dehydration of Fructose into 5-HMF: the Role of Solvent and Surface Chemistry.
abstract: Novel ionic liquid derived ordered mesoporous carbons functionalized with sulfonic acid groups IOMC-ArSO3H and GIOMC-ArSO3H were prepared, characterized, and examined in the dehydration reaction of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) both in aqueous and nonaqueous systems. To study and correlate the surface properties of these carbocatalysts and some other SBA-15 typed solid acids with 5-HMF yield, hydrophilicity index (H-index) were employed in the fructose dehydration. Our study systematically declared that almost a criterion may be expected for application of solid acids in which by increasing H-index value up to 0.8 the HMF yield enhances accordingly. More increase in H-index up to 1.3 did not change the HMF yield profoundly. Although, it has been shown that the catalyst with larger H-index (∼1.3) resulted in higher activity both in aqueous and 2-propanol systems, during the recycling process deactivation occurs because of more water uptake and the catalysts with optimum amount of H-index (∼0.8) is more robust in the dehydration of fructose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) , PO-Box 45195-1159, Gava-zang, Zanjan 45137-6731, Iran.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) , PO-Box 45195-1159, Gava-zang, Zanjan 45137-6731, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) , PO-Box 45195-1159, Gava-zang, Zanjan 45137-6731, Iran.
authors.forename: Hesam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Behzadnia
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Facility for Electron Microscopy Research McGill University ; Montreal, Quebec H3A2A7, Canada.
authors.forename: Hojatollah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vali
keywords: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; hydrophilicity index; nanocasting; ordered mesoporous carbon; solid acid