title: Impact of growth temperature and surface type on the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms to disinfectants.
abstract: Biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus on food-contact-surfaces represents a significant risk for the public health. In this context, the present study investigates the relationship between the environmental conditions of biofilm formation and the resistance to disinfectants. Therefore, a static biofilm reactor, called NEC-Biofilm System, was established in order to study the effect of growth temperature (20, 30 and 37°C), and of the surface type (stainless steel and polycarbonate), on biofilm resistance to disinfectants. These conditions were selected to mimic the biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces of food processing industries. The antibiofilm assays were performed on biofilms grown during 24 h. The results showed that the growth temperature influenced significantly the biofilm resistance to disinfectants. These data also revealed that the growth temperature has a significant effect on the biofilm structure of both bacteria. Furthermore, the increase of the biofilm growth temperature increased significantly the algD transcript level in sessile P. aeruginosa cells, whereas the icaA one was not affected in S. aureus cells. Overall, our findings show that the biofilm structure and matrix cannot fully explain the biofilm resistance to disinfectant agents. Nevertheless, it underlines the intimate link between environmental conditions, commonly met in food sectors, and the biofilm resistance to disinfectants.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Régional de Recherche en Agroalimentaire et Biotechnologies: Institut Charles Viollette, Bâtiment Polytech'Lille, Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France; Laboratoire SCIENTIS, Parc Biocitech - 102, Avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France.
authors.forename: Marwan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Régional de Recherche en Agroalimentaire et Biotechnologies: Institut Charles Viollette, Bâtiment Polytech'Lille, Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France; INRA-UMR UMET 8207 - Equipe PIHM, CNRS-INRA, Université de Lille, 369 rue jules Guesde, BP20039, 59651 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Oussama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khelissa
authors.affiliation: IRI - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire, Parc de la Haute Borne - 50 av de Halley, BP70478-59658 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire SCIENTIS, Parc Biocitech - 102, Avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benoliel
authors.affiliation: IRI - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire, Parc de la Haute Borne - 50 av de Halley, BP70478-59658 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heliot
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Régional de Recherche en Agroalimentaire et Biotechnologies: Institut Charles Viollette, Bâtiment Polytech'Lille, Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dhulster
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Régional de Recherche en Agroalimentaire et Biotechnologies: Institut Charles Viollette, Bâtiment Polytech'Lille, Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France; INRA-UMR UMET 8207 - Equipe PIHM, CNRS-INRA, Université de Lille, 369 rue jules Guesde, BP20039, 59651 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France. Electronic address: nour-eddine.chihib@univ-lille1.fr.
authors.forename: Nour-Eddine
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Chihib
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000295:instrumentation; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D013193:Stainless Steel; C005506:polycarbonate
keywords: Biofilm resistance; Disinfectant; Food environment; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus