title: Topical tretinoin in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus: an advisable option?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness and safety of a 24-week application of tretinoin 0.025% cream, with an alternate-day regimen, in achieving control of VLS signs and symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  17 patients affected with VLS were included. The main efficacy parameters were the response rate, as defined by protocol parameters, the rate of patients achieving an improvement from baseline of ≥75% in the subjective and objective scores, and the mean reduction in subjective and objective scores throughout the treatment. The safety of the treatment was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By the end of the 24-week treatment, 12 patients (70.6%) experienced a response; 35.3% and 17.6% of patients achieved an improvement of at least 75% in subjective and objective scores, respectively. Mean scores of itching, leukoderma (pallor) and hyperkeratosis decreased significantly in the study patients, and none presented itching-related excoriations. Erythema increased compared with baseline. Six patients (35.29%) experienced some side effects related to tretinoin, mainly mild erythema and burning. None of the subjects discontinued the treatment because of side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tretinoin 0.025% cream applied for 24 weeks may represent a useful alternative option to corticosteroids in the treatment of active VLS, acting particularly on hyperkeratosis and pallor.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Dermatologia e Malattie Infettive Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borghi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Dermatologia e Malattie Infettive Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corazza
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Dermatologia e Malattie Infettive Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minghetti
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Dermatologia e Malattie Infettive Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Annarosa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Virgili
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007724:Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D014212:Tretinoin
keywords: active treatment; efficacy; safety; topical tretinoin; vulvar lichen sclerosus