title: Evaluation of isokinetic trunk muscle strength in adolescents with normal and abnormal postures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess existing differences in the isokinetic trunk muscle strength in males and females aged between 10 and 11 years depending on body posture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 145 children (67 males and 78 females) divided into 2 age groups: 10-year-old males (x¯ = 9.98 ± 2.34 years) and females (x¯ = 9.85 ± 2.94 years) and 11-year-old males (x¯ = 11.14 ± 2.22 years) and females (x¯ = 11.15 ± 2.32 years). Posture in the sagittal plane was assessed by photogrammetry using the moiré projection technique. Based on a classification system, the participants were divided into subgroups of males and females with normal and abnormal postures. Trunk muscle strength was measured using isokinetic dynamometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A high prevalence of abnormal posture in children aged between 10 and 11 years was observed, primarily represented by an excessive curvature of the spine in the sagittal plane. The males and females with poor posture recorded lower values in isokinetic trunk muscle strength.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the study point to the need for the application of suitable physiotherapy treatment (corrective measures/exercises) to treat musculoskeletal disorders to compensate for the loss of trunk flexor muscle strength in children with improper posture.
authors.affiliation: Academic Teacher, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Academy of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland. Electronic address: kasiabar@autograf.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barczyk-Pawelec
authors.affiliation: Academic Teacher, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy in Locomotor Dysfunction, Academy of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy Rafał
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Piechura
authors.affiliation: Academic Teacher, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy in Conservative and Interventional Medicine, Academy of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Wioletta
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dziubek
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy in Conservative and Interventional Medicine, Academy of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rożek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000886:Anthropometry; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D053581:Muscle Strength Dynamometer; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D011044:Poland; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D013121:Spinal Curvatures; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D035441:Thoracic Wall
keywords: Moire Topography; Muscle Strength; Posture