title: The ACC/AHA 2013 pooled cohort equations compared to a Korean Risk Prediction Model for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the performance of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2013 Pooled Cohort Equations in the Korean Heart Study (KHS) population and to develop a Korean Risk Prediction Model (KRPM) for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events.
  
  
  METHODS
  The KHS cohort included 200,010 Korean adults aged 40-79 years who were free from ASCVD at baseline. Discrimination, calibration, and recalibration of the ACC/AHA Equations in predicting 10-year ASCVD risk in the KHS cohort were evaluated. The KRPM was derived using Cox model coefficients, mean risk factor values, and mean incidences from the KHS cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the discriminatory analysis, the ACC/AHA Equations' White and African-American (AA) models moderately distinguished cases from non-cases, and were similar to the KRPM: For men, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs) were 0.727 (White model), 0.725 (AA model), and 0.741 (KRPM); for women, the corresponding AUROCs were 0.738, 0.739, and 0.745. Absolute 10-year ASCVD risk for men in the KHS cohort was overestimated by 56.5% (White model) and 74.1% (AA model), while the risk for women was underestimated by 27.9% (White model) and overestimated by 29.1% (AA model). Recalibration of the ACC/AHA Equations did not affect discriminatory ability but improved calibration substantially, especially in men in the White model. Of the three ASCVD risk prediction models, the KRPM showed best calibration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ACC/AHA Equations should not be directly applied for ASCVD risk prediction in a Korean population. The KRPM showed best predictive ability for ASCVD risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Keum Ji
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yangsoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Joo
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Hee
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Bae
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Seung
authors.affiliation: The Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Kyu
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Duk
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Seoul National University College of Medicine, Bundang Hospital, Sungnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jidong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Yong
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Hi
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genomic Cohort, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Baek
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Chan
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heejin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimm
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chungmo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sungha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA. Electronic address: jsunha@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Sun Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D044466:Asian People; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012372:ROC Curve; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; Cohort study; Prediction; Validation