title: PHI in the Early Detection of Prostate Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate changes in the serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), %free PSA and -2proPSA biomarkers, and prostate health index (PHI) in the diagnostic algorithm of early prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Immunoanalytical Laboratory of the University Hospital in Pilsen examined sera from 263 patients being treated at the Hospital's Urology Department with suspected prostate cancer who had undergone biopsies and were divided into a benign and malignant group. The monitored biomarkers were measured using chemiluminescence. All statistical analyses were calculated using the SAS software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found statistically significantly increased levels of -2proPSA, PHI and PSA and decreased levels of %freePSA in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by prostate biopsy vs. patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (median values: -2proPSA: 16 vs. 21 ng/l, PHI: 35 vs. 62, total PSA: 7.2 vs. 7.7 μg/l and %free PSA: 16.7 vs. 11.7%). Receiver operating characteristic curves showed the best performance for PHI compared to other markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The assessment of -2proPSA and the calculation of PHI appear to be of great benefit for a more accurate differential diagnosis of benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Immunoanalytical Laboratory, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic fuchsovar@fnplzen.cz.
authors.forename: Radka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fuchsova
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Immunoanalytical Laboratory, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Topolcan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Immunoanalytical Laboratory, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jindra
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Windrichova
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hora
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dolejsova
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Immunoanalytical Laboratory, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ladislav
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pecen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Immunoanalytical Laboratory, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kasik
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Immunoanalytical Laboratory, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Immunoanalytical Laboratory, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Casova
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Immunoanalytical Laboratory, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smejkal
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
keywords: PHI; PSA; biopsy; prostate cancer; −2proPSA