title: Neuropeptide S Increases locomotion activity through corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 in substantia nigra of mice.
abstract: Neuropeptide S (NPS), the endogenous ligand of NPS receptor (NPSR), was reported to be involved in the regulation of arousal, anxiety, locomotion, learning and memory. The basal ganglia play a crucial role in regulating of locomotion-related behavior. Here, we found that NPSR protein of mouse was distributed in the substantia nigra (SN) and globus pallidus (LGP) by immunohistochemical analysis. However, less is known about the direct locomotion-related effects of NPS in both SN and LGP. Therefore, we investigated the role of NPS in locomotion processes, using the open field test. The results showed that NPS infused into the SN (0.03, 0.1, 1nmol) or LGP (0.01, 0.03, 0.1nmol) dose-dependently increased the locomotor activity in mice. SHA 68 (50mg/kg), an antagonist of NPSR, blocked the locomotor stimulant effect of NPS in both nuleus. Meanwhile, these effects of NPS were also counteracted by the CRF1 receptor antagonist antalarmin (30mg/kg, i.p.). In addition, we found that the expression of c-Fos was significantly increased after NPS was delivered into SN. In conclusion, these results indicate that NPS-NPSR system may regulate locomotion together with the CRF1 system in SN.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: H X
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. Electronic address: changmin@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. Electronic address: wangrui@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism*; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1
chemical_list: D009479:Neuropeptides; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011758:Pyrroles; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; C103016:antalarmin; C539972:neuropeptide S, mouse; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1
keywords: CRF1; Locomotion; NPS; NPSR; Substantia nigra; c-Fos