title: Thyroid Hormone Potentially Benefits Multiple Sclerosis via Facilitating Remyelination.
abstract: Myelin destruction due to inflammatory damage of oligodendrocytes (OLs) in conjunction with axonal degeneration is one of the major histopathological hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS), a common autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Therapies over the last 20 years mainly focus on the immune system and, more specifically, on the modulation of immune cell behavior. It seems to be effective in MS with relapse, while it is of little benefit to progressive MS in which neurodegeneration following demyelination outweighs inflammation. Otherwise, remyelination, as a result of oligodendrocyte production from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), is considered to be a potential target for the treatment of progressive MS. In this review, positive effects of remyelination on MS will be discussed in view of the critical role played by thyroid hormone (TH), focusing on the following points: (1) promising treatment of TH on MS that potentially targets to remyelination; (2) the active role of TH that is able to promote remyelination; (3) the regulative role of TH that works on endogenous stem and precursor cells; (4) the effect of TH on gene transcription; and (5) a working hypothesis which is developed that TH can alleviate MS by promoting remyelination, and the mechanism of which is its regulative role in gene transcription of OPCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.|Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, NO. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Battalion 14 of Cadet Brigade, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
authors.forename: Ziyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Battalion 10 of Cadet Brigade, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
authors.forename: Haochen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China. yaozhx@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Zhongxiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000074586:Remyelination / Q000187:drug effects*; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D013963:Thyroid Hormones
keywords: Multiple sclerosis (MS); Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs); Remyelination; Thyroid hormone (TH)