title: Relationship between education levels and booster counselling sessions on smoking cessation among Chinese smokers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although various effective interventions are available to help individuals quit smoking, the effect of educational levels on cessation rates has rarely been studied, and of the few intervention studies on this topic, the results have been conflicting.
  
  
  METHODS
  From October 2008 to August 2013, a partly retrospective non-randomised study was conducted in a smoking cessation clinic of a large general hospital in Beijing, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 547 Chinese smokers who sought treatment were divided into two groups: a face-to-face counselling group (FC, n=149) and an FC group subjected to four telephone follow-up sessions (FCF, n=398).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We evaluated self-reported cessation rates by day 7 and after 6 and 12 months and stratified the two groups by education levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 7-day and 6-month and 12-month continuous cessation rates of smokers of low education levels in the FC group at the time of the 12-month follow-up were 12.5%, 7.1% and 7.1%, respectively, which were lower than those of the highly educated smokers (16.1%, 12.9% and 9.7%, respectively). The results were opposite for the FCF group. The corresponding results for the highly educated smokers of the FCF group were 25.0%, 17.2% and 10.3%, respectively, which were lower than those for the smokers of low education levels (28.3%, 22.9% and 18.1%, respectively). However, significant differences were observed only among the FCF group participants who had experienced 12 months of continuous abstinence, and the crude OR for these individuals was recorded at 0.52 (0.29 to 0.93), p=0.03. A stepwise logistic regression showed that education levels may play a role in various intervention methods. Being married and higher Fagerström test scores were also predictors of cessation tendencies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Education levels may affect the benefits of booster counselling sessions on smoking cessation among Chinese smokers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Acupuncture, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Acupuncture, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiration, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qinghui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiration, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Changxi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000068476:Beijing; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGY; PUBLIC HEALTH; SOCIAL MEDICINE