title: Sonodynamic action of chlorin e6 on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
abstract: Bacteria remain a great threat to human health. In the present study, we examined whether sonodynamic action of chlorin e6 had antibacterial activity on gram-positive bacterial strain Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and gram-negative bacterial strain Escherichia coli (E. coli). Colony forming unit (CFU) assay showed that sonodynamic treatment of chlorin e6 induced a 2-log reduction in CFU of E. coli cells, 7-log reduction in CFU of S. aureus. Fluorescent microscopy observed that dead cells remarkably increased whereas live cells decreased after sonodynamic treatment of chlorin e6 on S. aureus cells. We first demonstrated that sonodynamic action of chlorin e6 has antibacterial effect on both gram-positive and negative bacteria, more powerful on gram-positive bacteria.
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. Electronic address: xcshan@163.com.
authors.forename: Chuanshan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Jinghui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Xinna
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. Electronic address: awnleung@cuhk.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Albert Wingnang
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Leung
mesh_terms: D002735:Chlorophyllides; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013010:Sonication; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002735:Chlorophyllides; D011166:Porphyrins; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; C062985:phytochlorin
keywords: Chlorin e6; Escherichia coli; Sonodynamic action; Staphylococcus aureus