title: Biosignatures of Exposure/Transmission and Immunity.
abstract: A blood test that captures cumulative exposure over time and assesses levels of naturally acquired immunity (NAI) would provide a critical tool to monitor the impact of interventions to reduce malaria transmission and broaden our understanding of how NAI develops around the world as a function of age and exposure. This article describes a collaborative effort in multiple International Centers of Excellence in Malaria Research (ICEMRs) to develop such tests using malaria-specific antibody responses as biosignatures of transmission and immunity. The focus is on the use of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax protein microarrays to identify a panel of the most informative antibody responses in diverse malaria-endemic settings representing an unparalleled spectrum of malaria transmission and malaria species mixes before and after interventions to reduce malaria transmission.
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: D Huw
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Phil
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Felgner
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.forename: Aarti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Arlo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Randall
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tetteh
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Drakeley
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Greenhouse
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D008288:Malaria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000276:immunology; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000276:immunology; D040081:Protein Array Analysis
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D015415:Biomarkers