title: Magnesium and iron deficiencies alter Cd accumulation in Salix viminalis L.
abstract: Evidence exists that Cd and certain nutrient elements, such as Fe and Mg, could share similar mechanisms of plant uptake and accumulation. Here we report that Mg and Fe deficiency in mature plants of Salix viminalis, grown in hydroponic solutions containing 5 µg ml(-1) of Cd, caused a significant increase in Cd accumulation in roots, stems and leaves. Cd (µg g(-1) dry weight) was determined following three treatments: 1) Cd treatment in complete nutrient solution; 2) Cd treatment with Fe deficiency; and 3) Cd treatment with Mg deficiency, yielding, respectively: in young leaves (65.3, 76.1, and 92.2), mature leaves (51.5 to 76.3 and 87.1), upper stems (80.6, 116.8, and 130.6) lower stems (67.2, 119, and 102.3), roots (377.1, 744.8, and 442,5). Our results suggest that Cd utilizes the same uptake and transport pathways as Mg and Fe. Evidence exists that Mg and Fe uptake and translocation could be further facilitated by plants as an adaptive response to deficiency of these elements. Such physiological reaction could additionally stimulate Cd accumulation. Although Cd uptake was mostly confined in roots, high Cd content in aerial plant parts (51.5-130.6 µg g(-1)) indicates that the analysed Salix viminalis genotype is suitable for phytoextraction.
authors.affiliation: a Department for Biology and Ecology , Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića , Novi Sad , Serbia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borišev
authors.affiliation: a Department for Biology and Ecology , Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića , Novi Sad , Serbia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pajević
authors.affiliation: a Department for Biology and Ecology , Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića , Novi Sad , Serbia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nikolić
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova , Novi Sad , Serbia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orlović
authors.affiliation: a Department for Biology and Ecology , Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića , Novi Sad , Serbia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Župunski
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova , Novi Sad , Serbia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pilipović
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova , Novi Sad , Serbia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kebert
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018527:Hydroponics; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000378:metabolism; D032108:Salix / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D007501:Iron; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: heavy metals; ion interactions; phytoextraction; phytoremediation; willows