title: Saccular dysfunction in children with sensorineural hearing loss and auditory neuropathy/auditory dys-synchrony.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  There is a correlation between the AN/AD disorder and the saccular dysfunction in children with severe sensorineural hearing loss, which means that saccular dysfunction can be a concomitant sign of AN/AD. In conclusion, the term of audio-vestibular dys-synchrony (AVS) is a more suitable description for this condition.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Patients with auditory neuropathy/auditory dys-synchrony (AN/AD) characteristically demonstrate poor neural responses from the vestibulocochlear nerve and brainstem while displaying evidence of intact outer hair cells function. Therefore, the objective of this study is studying of the relationship of the saccular dysfunction with AN/AD disorder in children with sensorineural hearing loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 100 children with bilateral severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing losses underwent audiologic tests and cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) at the Audiology Department of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (Hamadan, Iran).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven children with bilateral severe sensorineural hearing loss were given to unilateral AN/AD disorder (11 ears), and two children (4 ears) had bilateral AN/AD (total = 13 children). The ears with AN/AD took the form of unrepeatable or absent waves of ABR and presence of OAEs. The statistical analysis of an independent t-test between AN/AD ears as compared to non-AN/AD ears of these 13 children showed that the mean latencies of p13 and the mean latencies of n23 and the mean peak-to-peak amplitude had significant differences.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation , Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyede Faranak
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Emami
authors.affiliation: b 2 Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farahani
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006313:Hearing Loss, Central / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012444:Saccule and Utricle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D058585:Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000503:physiopathology; D000160:Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: auditory dys-synchrony; auditory neuropathy; otoacoustic emissions; saccule; vestibular evoked myogenic potentials