title: Detection and enumeration of circulating tumor cells based on their invasive property.
abstract: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are in limited numbers and heterogeneous, making their detection, isolation, and enumeration a major challenge. To overcome these difficulties, we developed a novel method to detect and enumerate CTCs with invasive property. Our assay consists of three simple steps: enrichment, Matrigel invasion assay, and immunostaining. We have validated this method using mouse xenograft tumor models and confirmed its utility in human cancer patients. Our method does not require special equipment and antigen expression for CTC selection, is less likely to be affected by the heterogeneity of the CTCs, and could be applicable to virtually all cancers. Most important, our method enumerates invasive CTCs, which may allow more accurate correlations with clinical outcome and treatment response compared with other CTC detection methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Haizhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Yannis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Xingtong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Reuben
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Yongzhuang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Huaxi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Guojun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Yihua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Vineet
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Xiangwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000737:chemistry; D002452:Cell Count; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule; D006801:Humans; D018189:Immunomagnetic Separation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule
keywords: cell invasion assay; circulating tumor cells; functional property; metastasis