title: Adipose tissue macrophages in non-rodent mammals: a comparative study.
abstract: The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue in rodents and primates contains mesenchymal stem cells and immune cells. SVF cells have complex metabolic, immune and endocrine functions with biomedical impact. However, in other mammals, the amount of data on SVF stem cells is negligible and whether the SVF hosts immune cells is unknown. In this study, we show that the SVF is rich in immune cells, with a dominance of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in cattle (Bos primigenius taurus), domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), domestic sheep (Ovis aries), domestic cat (Felis catus) and domestic dog (Canis familiaris). ATMs of these species are granulated lysosome-rich cells with lamellipodial protrusions and express the lysosome markers acid phosphatase 5 (ACP-5) and Mac-3/Lamp-2. Using ACP-5 and Mac-3/Lamp-2 as markers, we additionally detected ATMs in other species, such as the domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Feline and canine ATMs also express the murine macrophage marker F4/80 antigen. In the lean condition, the alternative macrophage activation marker CD206 is expressed by feline and canine ATMs and arginase-1 by feline ATMs. Obesity is associated with interleukin-6 and interferon gamma expression and with overt tyrosine nitration in both feline and canine ATMs. This resembles the obesity-induced phenotype switch of murine and human ATMs. Thus, we show, for the first time, that the presence of ATMs is a general trait of mammals. The interaction between the adipose cells and SVF immune cells might be evolutionarily conserved among mammals.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ampem
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA.
authors.forename: Hind
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azegrouz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathology and Bacteriology, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Árpád
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Bacsadi
authors.affiliation: Frédéric Joliot-Curie National Institute of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Lajos
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Balogh
authors.affiliation: Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Julianna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thuróczy
authors.affiliation: Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. tamas.roeszer@uni-ulm.de.
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Röszer
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D048430:Cell Shape; D005260:Female; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D052119:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008322:Mammals / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D012377:Rodentia; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D052119:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
keywords: Adipose tissue; Alternative activation; Inflammation; Macrophages; Mammals; Metabolism