title: Chemical and cytological analysis of cerebral spinal fluid after intrathecal injection of hypodense fluorescein.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intrathecal fluorescein has been effective for topographic diagnosis of rhinoliquorrhea. Nonetheless, there are no reports on the study of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) after use of intrathecal fluorescein.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A prospective study attempting to evaluate CSF through chemical and cytological analysis, after injection of fluorescein.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective analysis of 24 samples of CSF after intrathecal injection of fluorescein for topographic diagnosis of CSF fistulae, collected at the time of puncture and after 24 and 48h, divided by cellularity: Group 1, up to five cells, and Group 2, with more than five cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The yellow-greenish color of CSF remained after 48h in 36%, evidencing permanence of fluorescein. No changes in protein and glucose levels were observed between 0-24h and 0-48h. In group 2, an increase in cell count was observed between 24h and 48h (p=0.019). In both groups, there was an increase of neutrophils between 0 and 48h (p=0.048) and a decrease between 24 and 48h (p=0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intrathecal fluorescein provoked discreet meningeal reactions, such as an increase of cells between 24 and 48h and an increase of neutrophils at 24h, with a subsequent decrease at 48h with no correlation with symptomatology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: resguimaraes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Roberto Eustáquio Santos
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department de Otolaryngology, Hospital Professor Edmundo Vasconcelos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aldo Eden Cassol
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Stamm
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre Varella
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Giannetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Fernando Tormin Borges
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Crosara
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celso Gonçalves
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helena Maria Gonçalves
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea; Fluorescein; Fluoresceína; Fístula; Leakage; Líquido cefalorraquidiano