title: Reduced linoleic acid intake in early postnatal life improves metabolic outcomes in adult rodents following a Western-style diet challenge.
abstract: The global increase in dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake has been suggested to contribute to the rise in obesity incidence. We hypothesized that reduced n-6 PUFA intake during early postnatal life improves adult body composition and metabolic phenotype upon a Western diet challenge. Male offspring of C57Bl/6j mice and Wistar rats were subjected to a control diet (CTRL; 3.16 En% linoleic acid [LA]) or a low n-6 PUFA diet (low LA; 1.36 En% LA) from postnatal days (PNs) 2 to 42. Subsequently, all animals were switched to a Western-style diet (2.54 En% LA) until PN98. We monitored body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and glucose homeostasis by an intravenous glucose and insulin tolerance test in rats and by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in mice. At PN98, plasma lipids, glucose, insulin, and adipokines were measured and adipocyte number and size were analyzed. In mice, the postnatal low-LA diet decreased fat accumulation during the adult Western-style diet challenge (-27% compared with CTRL, P < .001). Simultaneously, it reduced fasting triglyceride levels and lowered fasting resistin and leptin levels. In rats, the low-LA diet did not affect adult body composition, but decreased the number of retroperitoneal adipocytes and increased the number of large adipocytes. In conclusion, lowering dietary n-6 PUFA intake in early life protected against detrimental effects of an obesogenic diet in adulthood on metabolic homeostasis and fat mass accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584, CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: annemarie.oosting@danone.com.
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oosting
authors.affiliation: Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584, CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kegler
authors.affiliation: Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584, CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bert J M
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: van de Heijning
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital-University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Post Office Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henkjan J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Verkade
authors.affiliation: Nutricia Research, Matrix Building #05-01B, Singapore 138671, Singapore.
authors.forename: Eline M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: van der Beek
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D066273:Diet, Western; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006706:Homeostasis; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin; D014280:Triglycerides; D019787:Linoleic Acid
keywords: Fatty acids; Infant nutritional sciences; Mice; Obesity; Omega-6; Prevention; Rats