title: [Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, pneumorachis, and pneumoretroperitoneum revealing an unknown foreign body aspiration].
abstract: Subcutaneous emphysema develops from the spread of air essentially from the mediastinum into the subcutaneous tissue causing progressive distension and infiltration. Diagnostic and therapeutic delay expose the patient to massive air effusion and risk of compression of cervical and mediastinal structures. The initial mechanism is a breach in the tracheobronchial tree with air diffusion into the interstitial space and along the perivascular spaces toward the mediastinum, and then spread and dissection in the subcutaneous tissue. A tracheobronchial foreign body is a very rare cause of emphysema and is often localized. An association with a combination of epidural emphysema, pneumopericardium, or pneumoretroperitoneum is exceptional. Here, we present a unique case associating massive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, pneumorrhachis, and pneumoretroperitoneum in a 3.5-year-old child complicating an unrecognized aspirated foreign body. The extraction of the foreign body resulted in gradual regression of the symptoms and the disappearance of these emphysematous locations.
authors.affiliation: Service de néonatologie et réanimation néonatale, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, CHU Hassan II, 30000 Fès, Maroc. Electronic address: fhmami@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hmami
authors.affiliation: Service de néonatologie et réanimation néonatale, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, CHU Hassan II, 30000 Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oulmaati
authors.affiliation: Service de radiologie, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, CHU Hassan II, 30000 Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boubou
authors.affiliation: Service de pneumo-allergologie, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, CHU Hassan II, 30000 Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chakib Benjelloun
authors.affiliation: Service de pédiatrie, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, CHU Hassan II, 30000 Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hida
authors.affiliation: Service de néonatologie et réanimation néonatale, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, CHU Hassan II, 30000 Fès, Maroc.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouharrou
mesh_terms: D001980:Bronchi; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011026:Pneumopericardium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D063205:Pneumorrhachis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011859:Radiography; D013352:Subcutaneous Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome