title: Fabrication of mucoadhesive chitosan coated polyvinylpyrrolidone/cyclodextrin/clotrimazole sandwich patches for oral candidiasis.
abstract: This study aims to fabricate clotrimazole (CZ)-composite sandwich nanofibers using electrospinning. The CZ-loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) fiber was coated with chitosan-cysteine (CS-SH)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to increase the mucoadhesive properties and to achieve a sustained release of the drug from the nanofibers. The nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The nanofibers mechanical and mucoadhesive properties, drug release, antifungal activity and cytotoxicity were also assessed. The fibers were in the nanoscale with good mucoadhesive properties. The XRPD revealed a molecular dispersion of amorphous CZ in the nanofibers. The initial fast release of CZ from the nanofibers was achieved. Moreover, the sandwich nanofibers coated for longer times resulted in slower release rates compared with the shorter coating times. The CZ-loaded nanofibers killed the Candida significantly faster than the commercial CZ lozenges at 5, 15 and 30 min and were safe for a 2-h incubation. Therefore, these nanofibers may be promising candidates for the treatment of oral candidiasis.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
authors.forename: Prasopchai
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tonglairoum
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
authors.forename: Tanasait
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ngawhirunpat
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
authors.forename: Theerasak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rojanarata
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
authors.forename: Suwanee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panomsuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Ruchadaporn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaomongkolgit
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. Electronic address: opanasopit_p@su.ac.th.
authors.forename: Praneet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Opanasopit
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002175:Candida / Q000201:enzymology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002460:Cell Line; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D011205:Povidone / Q000737:chemistry*; D057968:Transdermal Patch
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D003505:Cyclodextrins; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D048271:Chitosan; D011205:Povidone; D003022:Clotrimazole
keywords: Clotrimazole; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Mucoadhesion; Nanofibers; Oral candidiasis; Thiolated chitosan