title: Intraductal Radiofrequency Ablation Followed by Locoregional Tumor Treatments for Treating Occluded Biliary Stents in Non-Resectable Malignant Biliary Obstruction: A Single-Institution Experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the safety and feasibility of intraductal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) followed by locoregional tumor treatments in patients with non-resectable malignant biliary obstruction and stent re-occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen patients with malignant biliary obstruction and blocked metal stents were studied retrospectively. All had intraductal RFA followed by locoregional tumor treatments and were monitored clinically and radiologically. The practicality, safety, postoperative complications, jaundice remission, stent patency and survival time were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combination treatment was successful for all patients. There were no severe complications during RFA or local treatments. All patients had stent patency restored, with a decline in serum bilirubin. Three patients had recurrent jaundice by 195, 237 and 357 days; two patients underwent repeat intraductal RFA; and one required an internal-external biliary drain. The average stent patency time was 234 days (range 187-544 days). With a median follow-up of 384 days (range 187-544 days), six patients were alive, while eight had died. There was no mortality at 30 days. The 3, 6, 12 and 18 month survival rates were 100%, 100%, 64.3% and 42.9%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraductal RFA followed by locoregional tumor treatments for occluded metal stents is safe and practically feasible and potential increase stent patency and survival times.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xu-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian-Zhuang
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Teng-Fei
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian-Hao
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peng-Fei
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D002780:Cholestasis, Intrahepatic / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001663:Bilirubin