title: Concentrations and patterns of polychlorinated naphthalenes in surface sediment samples from Wuxi, Suzhou, and Nantong, in East China.
abstract: The concentrations and patterns of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) were determined in surface sediment samples from Wuxi, Suzhou, and Nantong, in the Yangtze River Delta (East China), which has become urbanized rapidly. The total PCN (tri- to octachlorinated naphthalenes) concentrations in the samples from Wuxi, Suzhou, and Nantong were 0.89-40, 2.8-4600, and 0.60-34 ng/gdry weight, respectively. Unexpectedly high PCN concentrations were found in four of the sediment samples. The PCN concentrations were much higher in the samples from the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal than in the samples from the Yangtze River. The toxic equivalent (TEQ) concentrations (determined from the concentrations of the "dioxin-like" PCNs) ranged from 1.45×10(-7) to 2.16 ng TEQ/g, and the congeners CN-66/67 and CN-73 were the predominant contributors to the TEQs. Independent samples t-tests were performed, and no significant differences were found between the PCN concentrations in the samples from the metropolitan area and the development zone when the four development-zone samples that contained very high PCN concentrations were excluded. The PCN profiles were dominated by the hexa- to octachlorinated naphthalene homologs. The CN-66/67 to CN-71/72 and CN-66 to CN-67 concentration ratios were used to identify specific PCN sources. Emissions from chemical and other industrial plants were found to have strongly influenced the PCN concentrations in sediment in the study area.
authors.affiliation: College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution Control, National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 100029 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Linli
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution Control, National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 100029 Beijing, China. Electronic address: lfzhang@cneac.com.
authors.forename: Lifei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution Control, National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 100029 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution Control, National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 100029 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yeru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China. Electronic address: lxiaoxiu0548@sina.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoxiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D054879:Halogenation; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009281:Naphthalenes; C031721:naphthalene
keywords: Nantong; Polychlorinated naphthalenes; Sediment; Suzhou; Wuxi