title: Effect of T2* correction on contrast kinetic model analysis using a reference tissue arterial input function at 7 T.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to investigate the effect of T2* correction on estimation of kinetic parameters from T1-weighted dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI data when a reference-tissue arterial input function (AIF) is used.
  
  
  METHODS
  DCE-MRI data were acquired from seven mice with 4T1 mouse mammary tumors using a double gradient echo sequence at 7 T. The AIF was estimated from a region of interest in the muscle. The extended Tofts model was used to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters in the enhancing part of the tumor, with and without T2* correction of the lesion and AIF. The parameters estimated with T2* correction of both the AIF and lesion time-intensity curve were assumed to be the reference standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the whole population, there was significant difference (p < 0.05) in transfer constant (K(trans)) between T2* corrected and not corrected methods, but not in interstitial volume fraction (ve). Individually, no significant differences were found in K(trans) and ve of four and six tumors, respectively, between the T2* corrected and not corrected methods. In contrast, K(trans) was significantly underestimated, if the T2* correction was not used, in other tumors for which the median K(trans) was larger than 0.4 min(-1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T2* effect on tumors with high K(trans) may not be negligible in kinetic model analysis, even if AIF is estimated from reference tissue where the concentration of contrast agent is relatively low.
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freed
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Kerryanne
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Winters
authors.affiliation: Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA. Gene.Kim@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Sungheon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: Arterial input function; Contrast kinetic model; DCE-MRI; Reference tissue; effect