title: Assessment of pharmacokinetic interaction between piracetam and l-carnitine in healthy subjects.
abstract: A rapid, sensitive and specific method for quantifying piracetam in human plasma using Piracetam d-8 as the internal standard (IS) is described. The analyte and the IS were extracted from plasma by one-step precipitation of protein using an acetonitrile (100%). The extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The method had a chromatographic run time of 3.8 min and a linear calibration curve over the range 0.5-50 µg/mL (r > 0.99). This LC-MS-MS procedure was used to assess the bioavailability of two piracetam formulations: piracetam + l-carnitine (Piracar®; 270/330 mg tablet) and piracetam (Nootropil®; 800 mg tablet) in healthy volunteers of both sexes. The geometric means with corresponding 90% confidence interval (CI) for test/reference percentage ratios were 88.49% (90% CI = 81.19 - 96.46) for peak concentration/dose and 102.55% (90% CI = 100.62 - 104.51) for AUCinf /dose. The limit of quantitation of 0.5 µg/mL is well suited for pharmacokinetic studies in healthy volunteers. It was concluded that piracetam (Piracar®; 270/330 mg tablet) has a bioavailability equivalent to the piracetam (Nootropil®; 800 mg tablet) formulation with regard to both the rate and the extent of absorption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University Camilo Castelo Branco, SP, Brazil.|Galeno Research Unit, Latino Coelho St, 1301, Parque Taquaral, 13087-010, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University Camilo Castelo Branco, SP, Brazil.|Faculty of Odontology, Dental Research Center São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela Traldi
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Zaffalon
authors.affiliation: Galeno Research Unit, Latino Coelho St, 1301, Parque Taquaral, 13087-010, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Sérgio
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Odontology, Dental Research Center São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Cama
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ramacciato
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Odontology, Dental Research Center São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rogério Heládio Lopes
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Motta
authors.affiliation: Galeno Research Unit, Latino Coelho St, 1301, Parque Taquaral, 13087-010, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gagliano-Jucá
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Camilo Castelo Branco, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anibal Gil
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University Camilo Castelo Branco, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Cássio
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de Almeida Magalhães
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University Camilo Castelo Branco, SP, Brazil.|Department of Pharmacology, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Nucci
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001682:Biological Availability; D002331:Carnitine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D010889:Piracetam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013607:Tablets; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013607:Tablets; D002331:Carnitine; D010889:Piracetam
keywords: LC/MS/MS; bioavailability; pharmacokinetics; tandem mass spectrometry