title: Post-Natal Persistent Infection With Classical Swine Fever Virus in Wild Boar: A Strategy for Viral Maintenance?
abstract: In this study, fifteen wild boar piglets were intranasally inoculated <10 h after birth with the moderately virulent classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strain Catalonia 01. At 5 days post-inoculation, seven other animals within 48 h of birth were put in contact with them. Viral replication and innate and specific immune responses were evaluated. Of the inoculated animals, 46.67% remained post-natally persistently infected and were apparently healthy with neither humoral nor cellular immunological responses specific to CSFV and with high viral loads in their blood, organs and body secretions. Moreover, the present data extend the time period to 48 h after birth when a moderately virulent CSFV strain could lead to post-natal persistent infection given the generation of persistently infected wild boars in the contact group (33.33%). The innate immune response to the virus, as measured by type I IFN-α in serum, was mostly not impaired in the persistently infected wild boars. Interestingly, a decrease and lack of IFN-γ-producing cells against CSFV and PHA was observed. In endemic countries where wild swine species are increasing and low and moderate virulence CSFV strains are prevalent, the possible generation of this form of disease cannot be ruled out.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentáries, (IRTA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.|Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cabezón
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentáries, (IRTA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.|Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colom-Cadena
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentáries, (IRTA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muñoz-González
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentáries, (IRTA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez-Simó
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentáries, (IRTA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bohórquez
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentáries, (IRTA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.|Departament d'Agricultura, Ramaderia, Pesca, Alimentació i Medi natural (DAAM), Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosell
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentáries, (IRTA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lavín
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentáries, (IRTA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ganges
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D006691:Classical Swine Fever / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006692:Classical Swine Fever Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000097:blood; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha
keywords: classical swine fever virus; immune response; post-natal persistent infection; wild boar