title: The associations between PD-1, CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis: a meta-analysis and systemic review.
abstract: Previous surveys had evaluated the effects of the PD-1, CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but the results remained controversial. To briefly examine these consequences, a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the relationships between PD-1 rs11568821, rs2227982, rs2227981, CTLA-4 +49 A/G and -318 C/T polymorphisms and AS risk. The available articles dated to December 2014 were searched in the PUBMED, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. The data of the genotypes and/or alleles for the PD-1 rs11568821, rs2227982, rs2227981, CTLA-4 +49 A/G and -318 C/T polymorphisms in the AS and control subjects were extracted, and statistical analysis was conducted by STATA 11.2 software. Summary odds ratios (ORs) with their 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) were calculated to determine the strength of associations with fixed-effects or random-effects models. A total of eight published studies were finally involved in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of PD-1 rs2227982 polymorphism under the T allele versus C allele (OR 1.744, 95 % CI 1.477-2.059, P < 0.0001), TT+TC versus CC (OR 2.292, 95 % CI 1.654-3.175, P < 0.0001), TT versus CC (OR 1.883, 95 % CI 1.299-2.729, P = 0.001) revealed a significant association with AS. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the rs2227982 polymorphism in the PD-1 gene might contribute to AS susceptibility. However, further studies with large sample sizes and among different ethnicity populations should be required to confirm this association.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Si
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Chuiwen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Ziyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Chaojun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Shulan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
authors.forename: Fengchun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China. yongzhelipumch@126.com.
authors.forename: Yongzhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000235:genetics*; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
keywords: Ankylosing spondylitis; CTLA-4; Meta-analysis; PD-1; Polymorphisms