title: Bridging the qualitative-quantitative divide: Experiences from conducting a mixed methods evaluation in the RUCAS programme.
abstract: Quantitative and qualitative approaches to planning and evaluation in education for sustainable development have often been treated by practitioners from a single research paradigm. This paper discusses the utility of mixed method evaluation designs which integrate qualitative and quantitative data through a sequential transformative process. Sequential mixed method data collection strategies involve collecting data in an iterative process whereby data collected in one phase contribute to data collected in the next. This is done through examples from a programme addressing the 'Reorientation of University Curricula to Address Sustainability (RUCAS): A European Commission Tempus-funded Programme'. It is argued that the two approaches are complementary and that there are significant gains from combining both. Using methods from both research paradigms does not, however, mean that the inherent differences among epistemologies and methodologies should be neglected. Based on this experience, it is recommended that using a sequential transformative mixed method evaluation can produce more robust results than could be accomplished using a single approach in programme planning and evaluation focussed on education for sustainable development.
authors.affiliation: University of Crete, 74100 Rethymnon, Crete, Greece. Electronic address: makrakis@edc.uoc.gr.
authors.forename: Vassilios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Makrakis
authors.affiliation: University of Crete, 74100 Rethymnon, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Nelly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kostoulas-Makrakis
mesh_terms: D003479:Curriculum; D036262:Empirical Research; D006801:Humans; D019359:Knowledge; D007858:Learning; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012107:Research Design; D012951:Socialization; D014495:Universities / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards
keywords: Education for sustainable development; Mixed methods; Paradigm; Qualitative; Quantitative; RUCAS