title: Ready, pause, go: regulation of RNA polymerase II pausing and release by cellular signaling pathways.
abstract: Promoter-proximal pausing by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a well-established mechanism to control the timing, rate, and possibly the magnitude of transcriptional responses. Recent studies have shown that cellular signaling pathways can regulate gene transcription and signaling outcomes by controlling Pol II pausing in a wide array of biological systems. Identification of the proteins and small molecules that affect the establishment and release of paused Pol II is shedding new light on the mechanisms and biology of Pol II pausing. This review focuses on the interplay between cellular signaling pathways and Pol II pausing during normal development and under disease conditions.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics of Blood Development Laboratory, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Xiuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Signaling and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: W Lee
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics of Blood Development Laboratory, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address: Xiaoying.Bai@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D012319:RNA Polymerase II