title: Change of gene expression on protein uptake composition and hindlimb-suspension in rat skeletal muscle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was to investigate changes in BCAT and BCKDH genes by Hindlimb-Suspension (HS) and protein intake composition (casein, Whey protein) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following 5-day preliminary feeding, forty-eight male 5 weeks old Sprague Dawley albino rats (110g) divided into 17% protein intake group (24 rats) and 30% protein intake group (24 rats), and each group divided further into Hindlimb-Suspension group (HS; 12 rats) and control group(CON; 12 rats). Eventually, this study was performed with Whey protein intake group (HS; 6 rats, CON; 6 rats) and casein intake group (HS; 6 rats, CON; 6 rats). For analysis purposes, total RNA was extracted from isolated skeletal muscles, and mRNA expression was analyzed using Real Time PCR. Two-way ANOVA was performed to examine the difference in BCATm and BCKDH mRNA expression on protein uptake and myoatrophy. post-hoc test was perform on interaction if any, and significance level was set at p<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, BCATm and BCKDH gene analysis in rat skeletal muscles by hindlimb-suspension and protein intake composition resulted in significant higher BCATm expression in 30% dietary protein group and hindlimb-suspension group that control group. In addition, regarding BCKDH, BCKDH was significantly higher in hindlimb-suspended 30% protein intake group than control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, protein intake and myoatrophy demonstrated close relationship in skeletal muscles. Therefore, it is likely to affect effectively in prevention or recovery of exercise induced muscle disorder. This effect is considered to be applied to maintain and improve health of not only athletes but also the general public. Additionally it would be applied in convalescent rehabilitation due to skeletal muscle atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wookwang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kiwon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lim
keywords: BCAT; BCKDH; Rat Skeletal muscle; Real-Time PCR; Whey protein