title: Efficacy assessment of biocides or repellents for the control of Sarcoptes scabiei in the environment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sarcoptes scabiei infection is a contagious disease affecting both humans and animals. The transmission occurs either by direct contact or from the environment where mites could survive several days remaining infective. The number of products available for environmental control of S. scabiei is very limited. The objective of the present study was to assess the efficacy of biocides or repellents against S. scabiei var suis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tested products included pyrethroids: permethrin, esdepallethrin and bioresmethrin, bifenthrin, cypermethrin and imiprothrin, cyfluthrin, tetramethrin and sumithrin. We also tested repellents: DEET, icaridin and IR3535. Sarcoptes scabiei var suis mites were collected from experimentally-infected pigs. For each test, 20 live mites of all motile stages were placed in a plastic Petri dish and sprayed uniformly by each product. Control mites were sprayed by distilled water. The study was performed in triplicate under room conditions and the mites were inspected under a stereomicroscope at intervals (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60 min, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 24 h) after exposure to the products.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the products, except the combination of tetramethrin and sumithrin (A-PAR), were able to kill all mites within 24 h. The median survival time was 50 ± 30.4 min, 120 ± 309 min, 10 ± 5.9 min, 40 ± 36.8 min, 15 ± 7.3 min, 180 ± 417 min and 1440 ± 600 min when mites were exposed to permethrin 4 %, permethrin 0.6%, esdepallethrin and bioresmethrin, bifenthrin, cypermethrin and imiprothrin, cyfluthrin, tetramethrin and sumithrin, respectively. The median survival time was 20 ± 6.5 min, 15 ± 4.3 min, 30 ± 42.1 min and 15 ± 4.9 min for DEET 25, DEET 50, icaridin 20 and IR3535 20%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study could support evidence-based use of biocides and repellents in households, hospitals and farms.
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China. fang_fang2016@126.com.|Research group Dynamyc, EnvA, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort & Créteil, France. fang_fang2016@126.com.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Research group Dynamyc, EnvA, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort & Créteil, France. cberni@hotmail.fr.|Dermatology Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, UPEC, Créteil, France. cberni@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernigaud
authors.affiliation: Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France. candykerdalidec@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Kerdalidec
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Candy
authors.affiliation: Research group Dynamyc, EnvA, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort & Créteil, France. elmel@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: Elise
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Melloul
authors.affiliation: Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France. arezki.izri@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Arezki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Izri
authors.affiliation: Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France. remy.durand@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Rémy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.affiliation: Research group Dynamyc, EnvA, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort & Créteil, France. francoise.botterel@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Botterel
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, UPEC, Créteil, France. olivier.chosidow@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chosidow
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China. wyhuang@gxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Weiyi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China. jguillot@vet-alfort.fr.|Research group Dynamyc, EnvA, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort & Créteil, France. jguillot@vet-alfort.fr.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guillot
mesh_terms: D056810:Acaricides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010571:Pest Control; D012520:Sarcoptes scabiei / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012532:Scabies / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D056810:Acaricides; D004202:Disinfectants