title: Classical and non-classical proangiogenic factors as a target of antiangiogenic therapy in tumor microenvironment.
abstract: Angiogenesis is sustained by classical and non-classical proangiogenic factors (PFs) acting in tumor microenvironment and these factors are also potential targets of antiangiogenic therapies. All PFs induce the overexpression of several signaling pathways that lead to migration and proliferation of endothelial cells contributing to tumor angiogenesis and survival of cancer cells. In this review, we have analyzed each PF with its specific receptor/s and we have summarized the available antiangiogenic drugs (e.g. monoclonal antibodies) targeting these PFs, some of these agents have already been approved, others are currently in development for the treatment of several human malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marech
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leporini
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, Clinical Surgery Unit, University "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ammendola
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porcelli
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Cosmo Damiano
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Gadaleta
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovambattista
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Sarro
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy. Electronic address: giroran@tiscalinet.it.
authors.forename: Girolamo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ranieri
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins
keywords: Cancer; Endothelial cells; Novel antiangiogenic therapies; Proangiogenic factors; Tumor angiogenesis