title: Role of Maternal Allergy on Immune Markers in Colostrum and Secretory Immunoglobulin A in Stools of Breastfed Infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although protection against infectious diseases has been observed among breastfed infants as compared to formula-fed infants, possible benefits of breastfeeding by allergic mothers for allergy prevention remain controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to determine whether maternal allergy would influence immune markers (secretory immunoglobulin A [sIgA], interleukin-8 [IL-8], soluble CD14 [sCD14]) in colostrum and the associations between maternal allergy and fecal sIgA levels in breastfed infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study subjects were enrolled from the Prediction of Allergies in Taiwanese Children (PATCH) birth cohort study. Colostrum samples were obtained from 98 lactating mothers. Stool samples were collected from 108 infants within 5 days after birth and at 2 and 4 months of age. We compared concentrations of sIgA, IL-8, and sCD14 in colostrum between mothers with and without a history of allergic disease and allergic sensitization. We also compared fecal sIgA levels between breastfed and formula-fed infants and between infants with allergic and nonallergic mothers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sIgA concentrations were significantly higher in colostrum from allergic mothers than from nonallergic mothers (P = .01) and from allergic mothers who were immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitized compared to nonallergic mothers who were not IgE sensitized (P = .023). Breastfed infants had significantly higher fecal sIgA levels as compared to formula-fed infants, regardless of whether their lactating mothers had an allergy (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that breastfeeding is associated with increased infants' fecal sIgA levels and may have potential protective effects to the infants during the first 4 months of life, regardless of whether their lactating mothers have allergies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Man-Chin
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan Division of Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Chieh
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Han
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sui-Ling
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan Division of Chest, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shen-Hao
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Yung
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan Division of Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuo-Wei
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan Division of Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan long@adm.cgmh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Jing-Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001942:Breast Feeding; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003126:Colostrum / Q000276:immunology*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000378:metabolism*; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D065840:Protective Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D016209:Interleukin-8; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
keywords: allergy; breastfeeding; colostrum; infants; interleukin-8; secretory immunoglobulin A; soluble CD14; stool