title: EDTA-Cross-Linked β-Cyclodextrin: An Environmentally Friendly Bifunctional Adsorbent for Simultaneous Adsorption of Metals and Cationic Dyes.
abstract: The discharge of metals and dyes poses a serious threat to public health and the environment. What is worse, these two hazardous pollutants are often found to coexist in industrial wastewaters, making the treatment more challenging. Herein, we report an EDTA-cross-linked β-cyclodextrin (EDTA-β-CD) bifunctional adsorbent, which was fabricated by an easy and green approach through the polycondensation reaction of β-cyclodextrin with EDTA as a cross-linker, for simultaneous adsorption of metals and dyes. In this setting, cyclodextrin cavities are expected to capture dye molecules through the formation of inclusion complexes and EDTA units as the adsorption sites for metals. The adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis, SEM, EDX, ζ-potential, and TGA. In a monocomponent system, the adsorption behaviors showed a monolayer adsorption capacity of 1.241 and 1.106 mmol g(-1) for Cu(II) and Cd(II), respectively, and a heterogeneous adsorption capacity of 0.262, 0.169, and 0.280 mmol g(-1) for Methylene Blue, Safranin O, and Crystal Violet, respectively. Interestingly, the Cu(II)-dye binary experiments showed adsorption enhancement of Cu(II), but no significant effect on dyes. The simultaneous adsorption mechanism was further confirmed by FT-IR, thermodynamic study, and elemental mapping. Overall, its facile and green fabrication, efficient sorption performance, and excellent reusability indicate that EDTA-β-CD has potential for practical applications in integrative and efficient treatment of coexistenting toxic pollutants.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.|National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University , 410081 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Feiping
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
authors.forename: Eveliina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Repo
authors.affiliation: National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University , 410081 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Dulin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University , 410081 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
authors.forename: Shila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sillanpää
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002412:Cations; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D005840:Gentian Violet / Q000737:chemistry; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D013784:Textiles; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D008670:Metals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D004492:Edetic Acid; D005840:Gentian Violet; C031215:betadex; D008751:Methylene Blue