title: Tropical and travel-associated norovirus: current concepts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We highlight recent advances relevant to understanding norovirus infections in the tropics, both in populations living in developing settings and travelers to these regions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Because of the decrease in diarrheal disease associated with the global rollout of vaccines against rotavirus, norovirus is emerging as the predominant cause of diarrhea morbidity among children in the tropics, and evidence suggests that it contributes to adult disease in endemic populations and travelers. In addition to identifying potential target populations for preventive measures, we provide an update on norovirus vaccine development and concepts related to their implementation in low-income and middle-income countries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These current concepts related to norovirus-attributable disease burden, clinical significance, and economic impact can potentially be applied to tailoring efforts to prevent and mitigate the effects of this important enteropathogen.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA bDepartment of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan cAsociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru dCentre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, UK eDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA fLaboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Sarah-Blythe
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.forename: Mayuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mirelman
authors.forename: Caryn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bern
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gilman
mesh_terms: D017250:Caliciviridae Infections; D003967:Diarrhea; D005759:Gastroenteritis; D006801:Humans; D029322:Norovirus; D014195:Travel; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines