title: [Risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in patients with abdominal surgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk of post-operative pneumonia is a latent complication. A study was conducted to determine its risk factors in abdominal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was performed that included analysing the variables of age and gender, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and smoking, serum albumin, type of surgery and anaesthesia, emergency or elective surgery, incision site, duration of surgery, length of hospital stay, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and time on mechanical ventilation. The adjusted odds ratio for risk factors was obtained using multivariate logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 91 (9.6%) patients with pneumonia and 851 (90.4%) without pneumonia. Age 60 years or over (OR=2.34), smoking (OR=9.48), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR=3.52), emergency surgery (OR=2.48), general anaesthesia (OR=3.18), surgical time 120 minutes or over (OR=5.79), time in intensive care unit 7 days or over (OR=1.23), time on mechanical ventilation greater than or equal to 4 days (OR=5.93) and length of post-operative hospital stay of 15 days or over (OR=1.20), were observed as independent predictors for the development of postoperative pneumonia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Identifying risk factors for post-operative pneumonia may prevent their occurrence. The length in the intensive care unit of greater than or equal to 7 days (OR=1.23; 95% CI 1.07 - 1.42) and a length postoperative hospital stay of 15 days or more (OR=1.20; 95% CI 1.07 - 1.34) were the predictive factors most strongly associated with lung infection in this study.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital Regional «Dr. Valentín Gómez Farías», Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los trabajadores del Estado, Zapopan, Jalisco, México. Electronic address: gevaristo5@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Evaristo-Méndez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital Regional «Dr. Valentín Gómez Farías», Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los trabajadores del Estado, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: César Haydn
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Rocha-Calderón
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery*; D000008:Abdominal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Cirugía; Factores de riesgo; Neumonía; Pneumonia; Risk factors; Surgery