title: Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Chromatography of Lipids in Bilberry.
abstract: A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method has been developed for the extraction of lipids in bilberry. Experimental design was used to optimize pressure, temperature and extraction time using CO2as solvent. Best SFE condition for total lipids was 450 bar, 60 °C and 45 min. The SFE method was compared to conventional Bligh & Dyer (B&D) extraction. The amount of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was found to be 4.84 ± 0.06 mg and 4.564 ± 0.003 mg per g of the freeze-dried bilberry sample for the developed SFE and B&D methods, respectively, while the amount of total lipids was found to be 54.40 ± 6.06 mg and 65.70 ± 0.67 mg per g of sample for SFE and B&D, respectively. This discrepancy between FAME and total lipids could be explained by the presence of wax esters, sterol esters, carotenoids and phospholipids, as determined by supercritical fluid chromatography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Firas
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jumaah
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandahl
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Charlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Turner
keywords: Bilberry; Fatty acids; GC–MS; Lipids; Supercritical fluid chromatography; Supercritical fluid extraction