title: Histologic Outcomes of Uninfected Human Immature Teeth Treated with Regenerative Endodontics: 2 Case Reports.
abstract: A growing body of evidence exists showing the possibility of growing vital tissues in the root canal spaces of teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices. However, there is very limited histologic information regarding characteristics of tissues formed in the root canal space of human teeth after regenerative endodontics. The aim of this study was to examine clinically and histologically the outcomes of human immature teeth treated with regenerative endodontics. Two healthy birooted human maxillary first premolar teeth scheduled for extraction were included. Preoperative radiographs confirmed that these teeth had immature apices. Vitality tests showed the presence of vital pulps in these teeth. After receiving consent forms, the teeth were isolated with a rubber dam, and the pulps were completely removed. After the formation of blood clots in the canals, the teeth were covered with mineral trioxide aggregate. Four months later, the teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated, extracted, and examined histologically. Both patients remained asymptomatic after treatment. Radiographic examination of the teeth showed signs of root development after treatment. Histologic examination of tissues growing into the root canal space of these teeth shows the presence of connective tissue, bone and cementum formation, and thickening of roots. Based on our findings, it appears that when canals of teeth with open apices are treated with regenerative endodontics, tissues of the periodontium grow into the root canals of these teeth.
authors.affiliation: Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nosrat
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Ghazvin University of Medical Sciences, Ghazvin, Iran; Department of Endodontics, Shahed Dental School, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kolahdouzan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Shahed Dental School, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ghazvin University of Medical Sciences, Ghazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Ehsan A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Mehrizi
authors.affiliation: Private Practice in Endodontics, Columbia, Maryland.
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Advanced Specialty Education Program in Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California. Electronic address: mtorabinejad@llu.edu.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torabinejad
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D010087:Oxides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011861:Radiography, Dental; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012390:Root Canal Therapy; D017640:Silicates / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate
keywords: Immature tooth; pulp regeneration; regenerative endodontics; stem cell