title: Microscopic Pattern of Bone Fractures as an Indicator of Blast Trauma: A Pilot Study.
abstract: The assessment of fractures is a key issue in forensic anthropology; however, very few studies deal with the features of fractures due to explosion in comparison with other traumatic injuries. This study focuses on fractures resulting from blast trauma and two types of blunt force trauma (manual compression and running over), applied to corpses of pigs; 163 osteons were examined within forty fractures by the transmission light microscopy. Blast lesions showed a higher percentage of fracture lines through the Haversian canal, whereas in other types of trauma, the fractures went across the inner lamellae. Significant differences between samples hit by blast energy and those runover or manually compressed were observed (p<0.05). The frequency of pattern A is significantly higher in exploded bones than in runover and compressed. Microscopic analysis of the fracture line may provide information about the type of trauma, especially for what concerns blast trauma.
authors.affiliation: LABANOF, Laboratorio di Antropologia e Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, V. Mangiagalli 37, Milano, Italy.|Laboratory of Biological and Molecular Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, 60200, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marketa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pechníková
authors.affiliation: LABANOF, Laboratorio di Antropologia e Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, V. Mangiagalli 37, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mazzarelli
authors.affiliation: LABANOF, Laboratorio di Antropologia e Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, V. Mangiagalli 37, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poppa
authors.affiliation: LABANOF, Laboratorio di Antropologia e Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, V. Mangiagalli 37, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gibelli
authors.affiliation: Polizia Scientifica Canton Ticino, Viale Franscini 3, 6500, Bellinzona (CH), Switzerland.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scossa Baggi
authors.affiliation: LABANOF, Laboratorio di Antropologia e Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, V. Mangiagalli 37, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cattaneo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001753:Blast Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D018732:Forensic Anthropology; D018460:Fractures, Comminuted / Q000473:pathology*; D050815:Fractures, Compression / Q000473:pathology; D006253:Haversian System / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D023421:Models, Animal; D010865:Pilot Projects
keywords: blast trauma; bone trauma; forensic anthropology; forensic science; fracture morphology; osteons