title: Efficient production of lumichrome by Microbacterium sp. strain TPU 3598.
abstract: Lumichrome is a photodegradation product of riboflavin and is available as a photosensitizer and fluorescent dye. To develop new efficient methods of lumichrome production, we isolated bacterial strains with high lumichrome productivity from soil. The strain with highest productivity was identified as Microbacterium sp. strain TPU 3598. Since this strain inductively produced lumichrome when cultivated with riboflavin, we developed two different methods, a cultivation method and a resting cell method, for the production of large amounts of lumichrome using the strain. In the cultivation method, 2.4 g (9.9 mmol) of lumichrome was produced from 3.8 g (10.1 mmol) of riboflavin at the 500-ml scale (98% yield). The strain also produced 4.7 g (19.4 mmol) of lumichrome from 7.6 g (20.2 mmol) of riboflavin (96% yield) by addition of riboflavin during cultivation at the 500-ml scale. In the resting cell method, 20 g of cells (wet weight) in 100 ml of potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, produced 2.4 g of lumichrome from 3.8 g of riboflavin (98% yield). Since the lumichrome production by these methods was carried out in suspension, the resulting lumichrome was easily purified from the cultivation medium or reaction mixture by centrifugation and crystallization. Thus, the biochemical methods we describe here are a significant improvement in terms of simplicity and yield over the existing chemical, photolytic, and other biochemical methods of lumichrome production.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, Japan; Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, Japan; Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, Japan asano@pu-toyama.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asano
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001711:Biotransformation; D002498:Centrifugation; D003460:Crystallization; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D005415:Flavins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005415:Flavins; C001559:7,8-dimethylalloxazine; D012256:Riboflavin