title: Bulk intermixing-type perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃/TiO₂ nanorod hybrid solar cells.
abstract: To replace high-temperature sintered scaffold materials in conventional CH3NH3PbI3-based solar cells, this study demonstrates a new device structure of a bulk intermixing (BI)-type CH3NH3PbI3/TiO2 nanorod (NR) hybrid solar cell, where dispersed TiO2 NRs from chemical synthesis are intermixed with the perovskite absorbing layer to form a BI-type perovskite/TiO2 NR hybrid for device fabrication. Through interface engineering between the TiO2 NR surface and the photoactive perovskite material of CH3NH3PbI3 by ligand exchange treatment, a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 12% was achieved based on the simple BI-type CH3NH3PbI3/TiO2 NR hybrid device structure. The proposed hybrids not only provide great flexibility for deposition on various substrates through spin coating at low temperatures but also enable layer-by-layer deposition for the future development of perovskite-based multi-junction solar cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, Taiwan. chunwei@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Shao-Sian
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ying-Chiao
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chin-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Cheng-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Chia-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yu-Pei
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jou-Chun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Di-Yan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chia-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yun-Chieh
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Chun-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chen