title: Standardized Six-Step Approach to the Performance of the Focused Basic Obstetric Ultrasound Examination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to validate the feasibility and accuracy of a new standardized six-step approach to the performance of the focused basic obstetric ultrasound examination, and compare the new approach to the regular approach performed in the scheduled obstetric ultrasound examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  A new standardized six-step approach to the performance of the focused basic obstetric ultrasound examination, to evaluate fetal presentation, fetal cardiac activity, presence of multiple pregnancy, placental localization, amniotic fluid volume evaluation, and biometric measurements, was prospectively performed on 100 pregnant women between 18(+0) and 27(+6) weeks of gestation and another 100 pregnant women between 28(+0) and 36(+6) weeks of gestation. The agreement of findings for each of the six steps of the standardized six-step approach was evaluated against the regular approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all ultrasound examinations performed, substantial to perfect agreement (Kappa value between 0.64 and 1.00) was observed between the new standardized six-step approach and the regular approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new standardized six-step approach to the focused basic obstetric ultrasound examination can be performed successfully and accurately between 18(+0) and 36(+6) weeks of gestation. This standardized approach can be of significant benefit to limited resource settings and in point of care obstetric ultrasound applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abuhamad
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Yili
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abuhamad
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sinkovskaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kanaan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Platt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007746:Labor Presentation; D010920:Placenta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000592:standards*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult