title: Haematological abnormalities in mitochondrial disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to assess the kind of haematological abnormalities that are present in patients with mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) and the frequency of their occurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  The blood cell counts of a cohort of patients with syndromic and non-syndromic MIDs were retrospectively reviewed. MIDs were classified as 'definite', 'probable' or 'possible' according to clinical presentation, instrumental findings, immunohistological findings on muscle biopsy, biochemical abnormalities of the respiratory chain and/or the results of genetic studies. Patients who had medical conditions other than MID that account for the haematological abnormalities were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 46 patients ('definite' = 5; 'probable' = 9; 'possible' = 32) had haematological abnormalities attributable to MIDs. The most frequent haematological abnormality in patients with MIDs was anaemia. 27 patients had anaemia as their sole haematological problem. Anaemia was associated with thrombopenia (n = 4), thrombocytosis (n = 2), leucopenia (n = 2), and eosinophilia (n = 1). Anaemia was hypochromic and normocytic in 27 patients, hypochromic and microcytic in six patients, hyperchromic and macrocytic in two patients, and normochromic and microcytic in one patient. Among the 46 patients with a mitochondrial haematological abnormality, 78.3% had anaemia, 13.0% had thrombopenia, 8.7% had leucopenia and 8.7% had eosinophilia, alone or in combination with other haematological abnormalities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MID should be considered if a patient's abnormal blood cell counts (particularly those associated with anaemia, thrombopenia, leucopenia or eosinophilia) cannot be explained by established causes. Abnormal blood cell counts may be the sole manifestation of MID or a collateral feature of a multisystem problem.
authors.affiliation: Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Austria.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Finsterer
authors.affiliation: First Medical Department, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Austria.
authors.forename: Marlies
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frank
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D004579:Electron Transport; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D009132:Muscles / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000097:blood; D013922:Thrombocytosis / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: anaemia; leucopenia; oxidative phosphorylation; thrombocytosis; thrombopenia