title: MAP1B and NOS1 genes are associated with working memory in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: Diverse efforts have been done to improve the etiologic understanding of mental disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It becomes clear that research in mental disorders needs to move beyond descriptive syndromes. Several studies support recent theoretical models implicating working memory (WM) deficits in ADHD complex neuropsychology. The aim of this study was to examine the association between rs2199161 and rs478597 polymorphisms at MAP1B and NOS1 genes with verbal working memory in children and adolescents with ADHD. A total of 253 unrelated ADHD children/adolescents were included. The sample was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th edition criteria. Digit Span from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition was used to assess verbal WM. The raw scores from both forward and backward conditions of Digit Span were summed and converted into scaled scores according to age. The means of scaled Digit Span were compared according to genotypes by ANOVA. Significant differences in Digit Span scores between MAP1B genotype groups (rs2199161: F = 5.676; p = 0.018) and NOS1 (rs478597: F = 6.833; p = 0.009) genes were detected. For both polymorphisms, the CC genotype carriers showed a worse performance in WM task. Our findings suggest possible roles of NOS1 and MAP1B genes in WM performance in ADHD patients, replicating previous results with NOS1 gene in this cognitive domain in ADHD children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angélica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salatino-Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Glaucia C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Akutagava-Martins
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Estela M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Bruxel
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Júlia P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Genro
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zeni
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kieling
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Institute for Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Polanczyk
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.|Institute for Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. mara.hutz@ufrgs.br.|Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Caixa Postal 15053, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil. mara.hutz@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Mara H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hutz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: C475491:MAP1B protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C496320:NOS1 protein, human; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
keywords: ADHD; Endophenotype; Neurodevelopmental genes; Working memory