title: Pathophysiology of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG): an updated review.
abstract: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a challenging skin condition to identify and treat because of its multifactorial pathogenesis. It is a rare cutaneous manifestation diagnosed clinically by exclusion of infection, neoplasia, thrombophilia, and other inflammatory conditions. Pathogenetic and treatment studies are scarce. Abnormalities in the function of inflammatory cytokines, the immune system, and neutrophils combined with specific genetic mutations predispose patients to develop this complex disease process. Early recognition of patients at risk for pyoderma gangrenosum, the necessity to improve its early diagnosis, and the future outlook of targeted and personalized therapies relies on the improved comprehension of the complex pathogenesis of pyoderma gangrenosum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
authors.forename: Sara F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Braswell
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
authors.forename: Tassia C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Kostopoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Electronic address: aortegaloayza2@mcvh-vcu.edu.
authors.forename: Alex G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ortega-Loayza
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D017511:Pyoderma Gangrenosum / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: cytokines; genetics; inflammation; neutrophilic dermatoses; pathogenesis; pyoderma gangrenosum