title: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure differently affects allergic asthma exacerbations and its amelioration by intranasal curcumin in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is ubiquitous in the environment and can therefore, exacerbate allergic responses. Studies have suggested immunoregulatory effects of LPS according to route, dose and stage of exposure. Present study has examined whether dose and stage of LPS exposure (during sensitization and challenge with OVA) exacerbates airway inflammations, antigen specific-IgE level, histamine release, Th1/Th2 cytokine response. Further, anti-asthmatic potential of curcumin, through intranasal route has been evaluated for the first time in LPS induced airway inflammation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged mouse asthma model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Balb/c mice were first sensitized with OVA on 1st and 8th day and exposed to two LPS doses (0.1/1.0 μg) separately on 2nd day and then further exposed to LPS with OVA-aerosol (from 9 to 14 day). Further, lower LPS dose (0.1 μg) was chosen for OVA exposed mouse model of asthma exacerbation study. Intranasal curcumin was administered from 9th to 14th day before every LPS exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to LPS (0.1 μg) exacerbates airway inflammations in terms of IgE level, Th2-cytokine response (IL-4 and IL-5), histamine release, EPO and MPO activities and oxidative stress. Intranasal curcumin has effectively ameliorated airway exacerbations whereas dexamethasone, a known glucocorticosteroid, was not promising as compared to intranasal curcumin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Schedule and dose of LPS exposure determines asthma exacerbations and intranasal curcumin could be better immunomodulatory agent in LPS exposed asthma exacerbations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors.forename: Asha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dash
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. Electronic address: rashmirs98@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006632:Histamine / Q000097:blood; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D006632:Histamine; D010047:Ovalbumin; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Asthma exacerbations; Lipopolysaccharide; Neutrophils