title: Deuterium oxide dilution and body composition in overweight and obese schoolchildren aged 6-9 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To correlate different methods of body composition assessment in overweight or obese schoolchildren, using deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution as a reference.
  
  
  METHODS
  Percentage of total body water (%TBW), fat free mass (%FFM), and body fat (%BF) were assessed by D2O and tetrapolar electrical bioimpedance analysis (BIA) in 54 obese and overweight students aged 6-9 years. Skinfold thickness (ST), body mass index (BMI), conicity index (CI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and waist-to-hip (WHR) ratio were also used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean values for body composition were 38.4%±8.4% BF, 44.9%±6.1% TBW and 61.6%±8.4% FFM. There was no significant difference in body weight, body fat mass (FM), TBW, and FFM between genders. Regarding D2O, ST underestimated %BF, and overestimated %FFM in both genders (p<0.05). BIA overestimated %TBW in the group as a whole and in males (p<0.05). The only positive and strong correlations occurred in females regarding the WC (σ=0.679), CI (r=0.634), and WHtR (r=0.666).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this sample of obese and overweight children, there were strong correlations between body composition measured by D2O and some indices and anthropometric indicators in females, but there was no positive and strong correlation of fat tissue with the indices/indicators at all ages and in both genders.
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: wendellbila1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wendell Costa
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Bila
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Everton de
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexsandro Sobreira
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Galdino
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferriolli
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pfrimer
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joel Alves
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lamounier
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001834:Body Water; D002648:Child; D017666:Deuterium Oxide; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity; D050177:Overweight; D012737:Sex Factors; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology; D065927:Waist-Height Ratio
chemical_list: D017666:Deuterium Oxide
keywords: Body composition; Child; Composição corporal; Criança; Deuterium; Deutério; Obesidade; Obesity; Overweight; Sobrepeso