title: Resolution enhancement in MR spectroscopy of red bone marrow fat via intermolecular double-quantum coherences.
abstract: High-resolution (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is generally inaccessible in red bone marrow (RBM) tissues using conventional MRS techniques. This is because signal from these tissues suffers from severe inhomogeneity in the main static B0 field originated from the intrinsic honeycomb structures in trabecular bone. One way to reduce effects of B0 field inhomogeneity is by using the intermolecular double quantum coherence (iDQC) technique, which has been shown in other systems to obtain signals insensitive to B0 field inhomogeneity. In the present study, we employed an iDQC approach to enhance the spectral resolution of RBM. The feasibility and performance of this method for achieving high resolution MRS was verified by experiments on phantoms and pig vertebral bone samples. Unsaturated fatty acid peaks which overlap in the conventional MRS were well resolved and identified in the iDQC spectrum. Quantitative comparison of fractions of three types of fatty acids was performed between iDQC spectra on the in situ RMB and conventional MRS on the extracted fat from the same RBM. Observations of unsaturated fatty acids with iDQC MRS may provide valuable information and may hold potential in diagnosis of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids