title: An Examination of Mixed Martial Arts Spectators' Motives and their Sports Media Consumption in Poland.
abstract: The study attempted to analyse the concept of spectators' motives at mixed martial arts (MMA) events in Poland. In addition, we investigated the relation between motives and sports media consumption. The sample consisted of 273 people attending three similar, regional MMA events. Exploratory factor analysis was used to refine the structure of motives. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a reasonable fit of the obtained model (RMSEA = 0.41). Using ANOVA we found three significant differences in assessment of motives, based on gender. The factor of aesthetics and knowledge was ranked the highest for men and women. Men rated drama and violence, while women perceived socializing and crowd experience, and drama, as the following factors. Path analysis indicated that these motives explained 56% of variance in media consumption for men and 57% for women. The findings showed that the motive of vicarious achievement was the main predictor of media consumption for men, while aesthetics and knowledge were the key predictors for women. The results and ideas for further research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organization and History of Physical Culture, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zembura
authors.affiliation: - Warsaw School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Żyśko
keywords: combat sports; motivations; spectator behaviour