title: Prevalence and Intensity of Paramphistomum Spp. In Cattle from South-Eastern Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parasitological investigations on paramphistomosis were carried out over a 12-month period in the southeast of Iran to determine the prevalence and intensity of this disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1000 cattle, Sistani breed (n= 450) and Brahman breed (n= 550) of all sex and age groups were inspected at random for the presence of paramphistomidae flukes in Zabol slaughterhouse from December 2012 to October 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Paramphistomes were found in 369 of 1000 necropsied cows (36.9%; 95% CI: 30.1-41.9%), with significant higher prevalence of infection in Brahman breed than in Sistani breed (51% vs 19.3%). No significant correlation between prevalence, intensity of infection, sex and age of cattle was noted. Despite the difference in the seasonal variations of prevalence, and the relation between the intensity of infection and season, these were not statistically significant. The mean intensity of infection in Brahman breed was higher (652.66 ± 281.5) than Sistani breed (123.32 ± 32.2). The identification of stained trematodes to the species revealed 40, 20, 20, 15 and 5% Gastrothylax crumenifer, Cotylophoron cotylophorom, Paramphistomum cervi, Carmyerius spatiosus, Explanatum explanatum, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results will contribute to our understanding of the epidemiology of paramphistomumosis in southeastern Iran.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khedri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Radfar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Borji
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
keywords: Cattle; Iran; Paramphistomidae flukes; Prevalence