title: Identification of a Male-Produced Pheromone Component of the Citrus Longhorned Beetle, Anoplophora chinensis.
abstract: The Asian wood-boring beetle Anoplophora chinensis (Forster) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an important pest of hardwood trees in its native range, and has serious potential to invade other areas of the world through worldwide commerce in woody plants and wood products. This species already has been intercepted in North America, and is the subject of ongoing eradication efforts in several countries in Europe. Attractants such as pheromones would be immediately useful as baits in traps for its detection. Because long-range pheromones are frequently conserved among closely related species of cerambycids, we evaluated two components of the volatile pheromone produced by males of the congener A. glabripennis (Motschulsky), 4-(n-heptyloxy)butan-1-ol and 4-(n-heptyloxy)butanal, as potential pheromones of A. chinensis. Both compounds subsequently were detected in headspace volatiles from male A. chinensis, but not in volatiles from females. Only 4-(n-heptyloxy)butanol elicited responses from beetle antennae in coupled gas chromatography-electroantennogram analyses, and this compound attracted adult A. chinensis of both sexes in field bioassays. These data suggest that 4-(n-heptyloxy)butan-1-ol is an important component of the male-produced attractant pheromone of A. chinensis, which should find immediate use in quarantine monitoring for this pest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, 13210, United States of America.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, 13210, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wickham
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Protection, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Dejun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, 61801, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lawrence M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hanks
authors.affiliation: Departments of Entomology and Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jocelyn G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Millar
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, 13210, United States of America.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Teale
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D057506:Arthropod Antennae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000440:Butanols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002681:China; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007300:Insect Control; D008297:Male; D010675:Pheromones / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C000607562:4-(n-heptyloxy)butanol; D000447:Aldehydes; D000440:Butanols; D010675:Pheromones