title: Association between Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Polymorphisms and the Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome in a North African Population.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the distribution of PON1 Q192R and L55M polymorphisms and activities in a North African population and to determine their association with cardiovascular complications. The prevalence of the QQ, QR, RR, LL, LM, and MM genotypes in the study population was 55.4%, 34.09%, 9.83%, 41.97%, 48.20%, and 9.83% respectively. The Q, R, L, and M alleles had a gene frequency of 0.755, 0.245, 0.67, and 0.33, respectively. The PON1 192 RR genotype was significantly more prevalent among ACS patients than among healthy subjects. There was a 4.33-fold increase in the risk of ACS in subjects presenting the PON1 192 RR genotype compared to those with the QQ genotype (OR=4.33; 95% CI=1.27-17.7). There was a significantly different distribution of PON1 L55M in the ACS patient groups (UA, STEMI, NSTEMI). Moreover, individuals presenting the PON1 55MM genotype present a higher risk for ACS than those with LL genotype (OR=3.69; 95% CI=1.61-11.80). Paraoxonase activities were significantly lower in coronary patients than in healthy subjects. The decrease in PON1 activity was inversely correlated with the number of concomitant risk factors for CVD (r=0.57, p<0.0001). The results of the present study suggested that the PON1 R and M alleles may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiac ischemia in our North African population and that a decrease in PON1 activity may be a valuable marker for monitoring the development of the atherosclerosis process and the associated cardiovascular complications.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry & Neuroscience, Applied Biochemistry and Toxicology Team, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco; Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Abdelghani
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bounafaa
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Sliman University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
authors.forename: Hicham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Berrougui
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Noreddine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghalim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry & Neuroscience, Applied Biochemistry and Toxicology Team, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco.
authors.forename: Boubker
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nasser
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry & Neuroscience, Applied Biochemistry and Toxicology Team, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco.
authors.forename: Abdallah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bagri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry & Neuroscience, Applied Biochemistry and Toxicology Team, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco.
authors.forename: Abderrahmane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moujahid
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Souad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikhlef
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Camponova
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Service, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Najoua
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamoul
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Olivier Kamtchueng
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Simo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry & Neuroscience, Applied Biochemistry and Toxicology Team, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco.
authors.forename: Abdelkhalid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Essamadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Abdelouahed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khalil
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009018:Morocco; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human