title: Effects and outcomes of third-party reproduction: parents.
abstract: Third-party reproduction has introduced a host of changing family constellations. Research has shown that children conceived through third-party reproduction are doing well psychologically and developmentally, but what about their parents? How have they coped with the transition to third-party reproduction? Has the experience impacted their marital stability or the quality of their parenting? This review will address parents of children conceived through oocyte donation, parents of children conceived through gestational surrogacy, and gay male parents of children conceived through oocyte donation and gestational surrogacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. Electronic address: Dorothy.greenfeld@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Dorothy A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Greenfeld
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D003376:Counseling; D046148:Donor Selection; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000941:ethics; D018587:Oocyte Donation / Q000523:psychology; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011247:Pregnancy; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology*; D013533:Gestational Carriers / Q000523:psychology; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Third party reproduction; gay fathers; gestational surrogacy; oocyte donation; parenthood