title: Predictors of Dietary Supplement Use by U.S. Coast Guard Personnel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Personnel in Armed Forces entities such as the US Coast Guard (USCG) engage in strenuous tasks requiring high levels of physiological and psychological fitness. Previous reports have found increased prevalence of dietary supplement (DS) use by military personnel to meet the demands of their occupation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed DS prevalence and patterns of use in USCG personnel and compared these findings to reports from other Armed Forces personnel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Use of DS by USCG personnel (n = 1059) was assessed by survey at USCG installations. Data were weighted by age, sex, and rank to be representative of total USCG demographics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy percent of USCG personnel reported using a DS at least 1 time/wk. Thirty-three percent used 1-2 DS ≤ 1 time/wk, 18% 3-4 DS ≥ 1 time/wk, and almost 19% ≥ 5 DS ≥ 1 time/wk. Average expenditure on DSs by UCSG personnel was $40/mo. More than 47% of USCG personnel used a multivitamin and mineral, 33% consumed protein supplements, 22% used individual vitamins and minerals, 23% reported taking combination products, and 9% consumed herbal supplements. Increased use of DS use was associated with high intensity operational occupations, participating in high volumes of aerobic exercise and strength training. Use of DS was not associated with age, education or body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Occupation is an important determinate of DS use. Prevalence of DS use by USCG personnel is greater than reported for other Armed Forces personnel and reflects high levels of participation in aerobic and strength training activities.
authors.affiliation: Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, 01760, United States of America; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, Maryland, 21017, United States of America.
authors.forename: Krista G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center; Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lori Lyn
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Price
authors.affiliation: Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, 01760, United States of America.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: McGraw
authors.affiliation: Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, 01760, United States of America.
authors.forename: Harris R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Lieberman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016272:Occupational Health; D010809:Physical Fitness; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055070:Resistance Training; D064133:Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D008903:Minerals; D028321:Plant Preparations; D014815:Vitamins