title: Endoscopic Management of Foreign Bodies in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Foreign object ingestion and food bolus impaction are a common clinical problem. We report our clinical experiences in endoscopic management for adults, foreign body ingestion, and food bolus impaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review study was conducted on adult patients with foreign body ingestion and food bolus impaction between January 2011 and November 2014. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 198 patients (226 incidents) were included in the study (male/female: 1.54/1; age 57 ± 16 years). Among them, 168 foreign bodies were found successfully (74.3%). 75.6% of the foreign bodies were located in the esophagus. Food bolus impaction was most common (41.6%). 93.5% of foreign bodies in current study cohort were successfully extracted and 5 patients required surgical interventions. Comparisons between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients revealed that locations of foreign bodies in the pharynx and esophagus were the significant relevant factors (P < 0.001). Shorter time taken to initiate endoscopic interventions increased detection rate (289.75 ± 465.94 versus 471.06 ± 659.93 minutes, P = 0.028).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic management is a safe and highly effective procedure in extracting foreign body ingestion and food bolus impaction. Prompt endoscopic interventions can increase the chance of successful foreign bodies' detection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Chien
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Ting
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lung-Sheng
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sheng-Chieh
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yuan-Hung
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Cheng
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Kun
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsing-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Huang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shue-Shian
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Keng-Liang
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Seng-Kee
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chuah
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Chen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Tai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003710:Demography; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D041742:Upper Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*