title: Quantifying the anthropogenic and climatic contributions to changes in water discharge and sediment load into the sea: A case study of the Yangtze River, China.
abstract: Based on data from the Datong hydrological station and 147 meteorological stations, the influences of climate change and human activities on temporal changes in water discharge and sediment load were examined in the Yangtze River basin from 1953 to 2010. The Mann-Kendall test, abrupt change test (Mann-Kendall and cumulative anomaly test), and Morlet wavelet method were employed to analyze the water discharge and sediment load data measured at the Datong hydrological station. The results indicated that the annual mean precipitation and water discharge exhibited decreasing trends of -0.0064 mm/10 yr and -1.41×10(8) m3/yr, respectively, and that the water sediment load showed a significant decreasing trend of -46.5×10(6) t/yr. Meanwhile, an abrupt change in the water discharge occurred in 2003. The sediment load also exhibited an abrupt change in 1985. From 1970 to 2010, the climate change and human activities contributed 72% and 28%, respectively, to the water discharge reduction. The human-induced decrease in the sediment load was 914.03×10(6) t/yr during the 1970s and 3301.79×10(6) t/yr during the 2000s. The contribution from human activities also increased from 71% to 92%, especially in the 1990s, when the value increased to 92%. Climate change and human activities contributed 14% and 86%, respectively, to the sediment load reduction. Inter-annual variations in water discharge and sediment load were affected by climate oscillations and human activities. The effect of human activities on the sediment load was considerably greater than those on water discharge in the Yangtze River basin.
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Yifei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China. Electronic address: zouxq@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Xinwanghao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Chenglong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Dehao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: Climate change; Human activities; Sediment load; Water discharge; Yangtze River