title: Idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis: spectrum of imaging findings with emphasis on its association with IgG4-related disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to review the clinicoradiological features of idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis (FM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of six patients with idiopathic FM were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common presenting symptom was cough. There were three localized forms and three diffuse forms. Definitive histological diagnosis was most commonly made with mediastinoscopy. Interestingly, three of our patients had disease manifestations of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) outside the mediastinum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The imaging findings of idiopathic FM vary depending on the involved mediastinal structures. Therapeutic options include medical treatment, stenting, or surgery. Radiologists should pay attention to the possible association of idiopathic FM with extrathoracic manifestations of the IgG4-RD spectrum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: luisgorospe@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gorospe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ayala-Carbonero
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María Ángeles
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Fernández-Méndez
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arrieta
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma María
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Molina
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabañero-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mañas-Baena
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008297:Male; D008480:Mediastinitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: Fibrosing mediastinitis; IgG4-related disease; MDCT; Mediastinal fibrosis; Mediastinum