title: Development of the Assessment of Belief Conflict in Relationship-14 (ABCR-14).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nurses and other healthcare workers frequently experience belief conflict, one of the most important, new stress-related problems in both academic and clinical fields.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, using a sample of 1,683 nursing practitioners, we developed The Assessment of Belief Conflict in Relationship-14 (ABCR-14), a new scale that assesses belief conflict in the healthcare field. Standard psychometric procedures were used to develop and test the scale, including a qualitative framework concept and item-pool development, item reduction, and scale development. We analyzed the psychometric properties of ABCR-14 according to entropy, polyserial correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, average variance extracted, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and multidimensional item response theory (MIRT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the analysis supported a three-factor model consisting of 14 items. The validity and reliability of ABCR-14 was suggested by evidence from high construct validity, structural validity, hypothesis testing, internal consistency reliability, and concurrent validity. The result of the MIRT offered strong support for good item response of item slope parameters and difficulty parameters. However, the ABCR-14 Likert scale might need to be explored from the MIRT point of view. Yet, as mentioned above, there is sufficient evidence to support that ABCR-14 has high validity and reliability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ABCR-14 demonstrates good psychometric properties for nursing belief conflict. Further studies are recommended to confirm its application in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kibi International University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kyougoku
authors.affiliation: Doctor Course, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kibi International University, Okayama, Japan; Oosugi Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Mutsumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teraoka
authors.affiliation: Doctor Course, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kibi International University, Okayama, Japan; Kyouseikai Sakurai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ooura
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Care, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000523:psychology*; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires