title: The incidence of hiatal hernia and technical feasibility of repair during bariatric surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence and outcomes of hiatal hernias (HH) that are repaired concomitantly during bariatric surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified patients who had concomitant HH repair during bariatric surgery from 2010 to 2014. Data collected included baseline demographics, perioperative parameters, type of HH repair, and postoperative outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 83 underwent concomitant HH during study period. The male-to-female ratio was 1:8, mean age was 57.2 ± 10.0 years, and mean body mass index was 44.5 ± 7.9 kg/m(2). A total of 61 patients had laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and 22 had laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. HH was diagnosed before bariatric surgery in 32 (39%) subjects, whereas 51 (61%) were diagnosed intraoperatively. Primary hernia repair was performed with anterior reconstruction in 45 (54%) patients, posterior in 21 (25%), and additional mesh placement in 7 (8%). A total of 24 early minor postoperative symptoms were reported. At 12 month follow-up, mean body mass index improved to 30.0 ± 6.2 kg/m(2), and anti-reflux medication was decreased from 84% preoperatively to 52%. Late postoperative complications were observed in 3 patients. A comparative analysis with a matched 1:1 control group displayed no significant differences in operative time (P = .07), duration of stay (P = .9), intraoperative complications, or early (P = .09) and late post-operative symptoms (P = .3). In addition, no differences were noted in terms of weight-loss outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The true incidence of HH may be underestimated before bariatric surgery. Combined repair of HH during bariatric surgery appears safe and feasible.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Mena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boules
authors.affiliation: Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ricard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corcelles
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Alfredo D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Guerron
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Daigle
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: El-Hayek
authors.affiliation: Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Phillip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.affiliation: Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Stacy A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Brethauer
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. Electronic address: krohm@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kroh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006551:Hernia, Hiatal / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D059685:Herniorrhaphy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome