title: Region-specific disturbed iron distribution in early idiopathic Parkinson's disease measured by quantitative susceptibility mapping.
abstract: In Parkinson's disease (PD), iron elevation in specific brain regions as well as selective loss of dopaminergic neurons is a major pathologic feature. A reliable quantitative measure of iron deposition is a potential biomarker for PD and may contribute to the investigation of iron-mediated PD. The primary purpose of this study is to assess iron variations in multiple deep grey matter nuclei in early PD with a novel MRI technique, quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). The inter-group differences of susceptibility and R2* value in deep grey matter nuclei, namely head of caudate nucleus (CN), putamen (PUT), global pallidus (GP), substantia nigra (SN), and red nucleus (RN), and the correlations between regional iron deposition and the clinical features were explored in forty-four early PD patients and 35 gender and age-matched healthy controls. Susceptibility values were found to be elevated within bilateral SN and RN contralateral to the most affected limb in early PD compared with healthy controls (HCs). The finding of increased susceptibility in bilateral SN is consistent with work on a subgroup of patients at the earliest clinical detectable state (Hoehn and Yahr [1967]: Neurology 17:427-442; Stage I). However, increased R2* values were only seen within SN contralateral to the most affected limb in the PD group when compared with controls. Furthermore, bilateral SN magnetic susceptibility positively correlated with disease duration and UPDRS-III scores in early PD. This finding supports the potential value of QSM as a non-invasive quantitative biomarker of early PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Naying
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Huawei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: MR Research, GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: MR Research, GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhongping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.|Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Kemin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Fuhua
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011699:Putamen / Q000378:metabolism; D012012:Red Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007501:Iron
keywords: deep grey matter nuclei; early Parkinson's disease; iron deposition; magnetic resonance imaging; quantitative susceptibility mapping