title: Efficient Sorption and Removal of Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) from Aqueous Solution by Metal Hydroxides Generated in Situ by Electrocoagulation.
abstract: Removal of environmentally persistent perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), that is, perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs, C4 ∼ C10) were investigated through sorption on four metal hydroxide flocs generated in situ by electrocoagulation in deionized water with 10 mM NaCl as supporting electrolyte. The results indicated that the zinc hydroxide flocs yielded the highest removal efficiency with a wide range concentration of PFOA/PFOS (1.5 μM ∼ 0.5 mM) at the zinc dosage <150 mg L(-1) with the energy consumption <0.18 Wh L(-1). The sorption kinetics indicated that the zinc hydroxide flocs had an equilibrium adsorbed amount (qe) up to 5.74/7.69 mmol g(-1) (Zn) for PFOA/PFOS at the initial concentration of 0.5 mM with an initial sorption rate (v0) of 1.01 × 10(3)/1.81 × 10(3) mmol g(-1) h(-1). The sorption of PFOA/PFOS reached equilibrium within <10 min. The sorption mechanisms of PFAAs on the zinc hydroxide flocs were proposed based on the investigation of various driving forces. The results indicated that the hydrophobic interaction was primarily responsible for the PFAAs sorption. The electrocoagulation process with zinc anode may have a great potential for removing PFAAs from industrial wastewater as well as contaminated environmental waterbody.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P.R. China.|College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia , Griffin, Georgia 30223, United States.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yujuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhihan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia , Griffin, Georgia 30223, United States.
authors.forename: Qingguo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004058:Diffusion; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D005427:Flocculation; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012996:Solutions; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006878:Hydroxides; D008670:Metals; D012996:Solutions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; D015032:Zinc