title: The Effect of Latent Toxoplasma gondii Infection on the Immune Response in HIV-Infected Patients.
abstract: A relationship between latent toxoplasmosis and the immune system during HIV disease is poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this follow-up study was to characterize immunological parameters in HIV-infected patients with latent toxoplasmosis and noninfected individuals. A total of 101 HIV-infected patients were enrolled in the study. The patients were classified into two groups based on anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies: a group of 55 toxoplasma-positive persons (TP) and a group of 46 toxoplasma-negative persons (TN). Absolute counts of several lymphocyte subsets decreased in the TP group, namely, T cells (p = 0.007), B cells (p = 0.002), NK cells (p = 0.009), CD4 T cells (p = 0.028), and CD8 T cells (p = 0.004). On the other hand, the percentage of CD8 T cells expressing CD38 and HLA-DR significantly increased during the follow-up in the TP group (p = 0.003, p = 0.042, resp.) as well as the intensity of CD38 and HLA-DR expression (MFI) on CD8 T cells (p = 0.001, p = 0.057, resp.). In the TN group, analysis of the kinetics of immunological parameters revealed no significant changes over time. In conclusion, the results suggest that latent T. gondii infection modulates the immune response during HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Budínova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic ; Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Beran
authors.affiliation: National Reference Laboratory for Toxoplasmosis, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kodym
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maly
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Budínova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic ; Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Alzbeta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davidova
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Budínova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reinvartova
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Budínova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jilich
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Budínova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic ; Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holub
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Budínova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic ; Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hanus
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rozsypal
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines