title: Extrarenal nephroblastoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nephroblastoma is one of the most common solid tumours in children. The occurrence of extrarenal nephroblastoma is exceedingly rare. What can be defined as extrarenal Wilms' tumor must satisfy the following criteria: histologically confirmed nephroblastoma and extrarenal location.
  
  
  METHODS
  Current data on extrarenal nephroblastoma based on a selective review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The retroperineal location is reported to be typical in males, whereas the inguinal region is believed to predominate in females. There are no characteristic manifestations of extrarenal nephroblastoma. The symptoms depend on the location and stage upon diagnosis. US, CT and MRI are used to detect tumours in the retroperiteneal space, inguinal, sacro-coccal and scrotal area. However, extrarenal nephroblastoma does not show characteristic radiological features.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In absence of typical clinical presentation or conclusive imaging tests, the diagnosis is based on histology after the resection of the tumor. The recommended management of the extrarenal nephroblastoma is similar to the treatment of intrarenal nephroblastoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Apoznański
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawicz-Birkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Mateusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palczewski
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department of Urology, 4th Clinical Military Hospital, Department of Palliative Care Nursing, University of Medicine, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szydełko
keywords: extrarenal location; nephroblastoma