title: [Microalbuminuria in pediatric patients diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by the presence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney failure. It is the leading cause of acute kidney failure in children under 3 years of age. A variable number of patients develop proteinuria, hypertension, and chronic renal failure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the renal involvement in pediatric patients diagnosed with HUS using the microalbumin/creatinine ratio.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive concurrent cohort study that analyzed the presence of microalbuminuria in patients diagnosed with HUS between January 2001 and March 2012, who evolved without hypertension and normal renal function (clearance greater than 90ml/min using Schwartz formula). Demographic factors (age, sex), clinical presentation at time of diagnosis, use of antibiotics prior to admission, and need for renal replacement therapy were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 24 patients studied, 54% were male. The mean age at diagnosis was two years. Peritoneal dialysis was required in 45%, and 33% developed persistent microalbuminuria. Antiproteinuric treatment was introduce in 4 patients, with good response. The mean follow-up was 6 years (range 6 months to 11 years). The serum creatinine returned to normal in all patients during follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The percentage of persistent microalbuminuria found in patients with a previous diagnosis of HUS was similar in our group to that described in the literature. Antiproteinuric treatment could delay kidney damage, but further multicenter prospective studies are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Becaria de Pediatría, Universidad de Chile, Campus Sur, Santiago de Chile, Chile. Electronic address: mpaz.cubillos@gmail.com.
authors.forename: María Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cubillos C
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Nefrología Pediátrica, Hospital de niños Exequiel González Cortés, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Del Salas
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Nefrología Pediátrica, Hospital de niños Exequiel González Cortés, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Unidad de Nefrología Pediátrica, División de Pediatría, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: Pedro O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Zambrano
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Acute Renal Failure; Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome; Microalbumin/Creatinine Ratio; Peritoneal Dialysis; diálisis peritoneal; insuficiencia renal aguda; síndrome hemolítico urémico; Índice microalbuminuria/creatininuria