title: Effect of pedaling cadence on muscle oxygenation during high-intensity cycling until exhaustion: a comparison between untrained subjects and triathletes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the muscle oxygenation between trained and untrained subjects during heavy exercise until exhaustion at two extreme pedaling cadences using a NIRS system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine untrained male subjects and nine male competitive triathletes cycled until exhaustion at an intensity corresponding to 90 % of the power output achieved at peak oxygen uptake at 40 and 100 rpm. Gas exchanges were measured breath-by-breath during each exercise. Muscle (de)oxygenation was monitored continuously by near-infrared spectroscopy on the Vastus Lateralis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Muscle deoxygenation (∆deoxy[Hb + Mb], i.e., O2 extraction) and ∆total[Hb + Mb] were significantly higher at 40 rpm compared to 100 rpm during the exercise in untrained subjects but not in triathletes (p < 0.05). The time performed until exhaustion was significantly higher at 40 than at 100 rpm in untrained subjects (373 ± 55 vs. 234 ± 37 s, respectively) but not in triathletes (339 ± 69 vs. 325 ± 66 s).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that high aerobic fitness (1) allows for better regulation between [Formula: see text]O2M and VO2M following the change in pedaling cadence, and (2) is the most important factor in the relationship between pedaling cadence and performance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire CIAMS, Equipe MHAPS, Univ Paris Sud-Univ Orléans, 45067, Orléans, France. zorgati.houssem@gmx.fr.|UFR Collegium Sciences et Techniques, Pôle disciplinaire STAPS, 2 Allée du Château, BP 6237, 45062, Orléans Cedex 2, France. zorgati.houssem@gmx.fr.
authors.forename: Houssem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zorgati
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire CIAMS, Equipe MHAPS, Univ Paris Sud-Univ Orléans, 45067, Orléans, France. katia.collomp@univ-orleans.fr.|UFR Collegium Sciences et Techniques, Pôle disciplinaire STAPS, 2 Allée du Château, BP 6237, 45062, Orléans Cedex 2, France. katia.collomp@univ-orleans.fr.|Département des Analyses, AFLD, Chatenay-Malabry, France. katia.collomp@univ-orleans.fr.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Collomp
authors.affiliation: Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, 2 Watersportlaan, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. jan.boone@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boone
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire CIAMS, Equipe MHAPS, Univ Paris Sud-Univ Orléans, 45067, Orléans, France. alexandre.guimard@univ-orleans.fr.|UFR Collegium Sciences et Techniques, Pôle disciplinaire STAPS, 2 Allée du Château, BP 6237, 45062, Orléans Cedex 2, France. alexandre.guimard@univ-orleans.fr.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guimard
authors.affiliation: PRISME, Univ Orléans, 12 rue de Blois, BP 6744, 45067, Orléans, France. olivier.buttelli@univ-orleans.fr.|UFR Collegium Sciences et Techniques, Pôle disciplinaire STAPS, 2 Allée du Château, BP 6237, 45062, Orléans Cedex 2, France. olivier.buttelli@univ-orleans.fr.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Buttelli
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences du Sport et de l'Education Physique, UDSL, EA4488 Activité Physique - Muscle - Santé, 9 rue de l'université, 59790, Ronchin, France. patrick.mucci@univ-lille2.fr.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mucci
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine du Sport et d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHR Orléans La Source, 45032, Orléans Cedex 1, France. virgile.amiot@chr-orleans.fr.
authors.forename: Virgile
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Amiot
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire CIAMS, Equipe MHAPS, Univ Paris Sud-Univ Orléans, 45067, Orléans, France. fabrice.prieur@univ-orleans.fr.|UFR Collegium Sciences et Techniques, Pôle disciplinaire STAPS, 2 Allée du Château, BP 6237, 45062, Orléans Cedex 2, France. fabrice.prieur@univ-orleans.fr.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Prieur
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D005082:Physical Exertion; D057185:Sedentary Behavior
keywords: Aerobic fitness; Muscle oxygenation; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Pedal frequency; Pedal rate; Performance