title: Maslinic Acid, a Triterpene from Olive, Affects the Antioxidant and Mitochondrial Status of B16F10 Melanoma Cells Grown under Stressful Conditions.
abstract: Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural compound whose structure corresponds to a pentacyclic triterpene. It is abundant in the cuticular lipid layer of olives. MA has many biological and therapeutic properties related to health, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities. However, no studies have been performed to understand the molecular mechanism induced by this compound in melanoma cancer. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of MA in melanoma (B16F10) cells grown in the presence or absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS). We performed cell proliferation measurements, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements using dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123) and activities of catalase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase. These changes were corroborated by expression assays. FBS absence reduced cell viability decreasing IC50 values of MA. The DHR 123 data showed an increase in the ROS level in the absence of FBS. Furthermore, MA had an antioxidant effect at lower assayed levels measured as DHR and antioxidant defense. However, at higher dosages MA induced cellular damage by apoptosis as seen in the results obtained.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain ; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed I University of Oujda, 60000 Oujda, Morocco.
authors.forename: Khalida
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mokhtari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Rufino-Palomares
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain ; Department of i+D+I, Biomaslinic S.L., Polígono Industrial de Escúzar, 18130 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pérez-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Reyes-Zurita
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Simón Bolívar University of Caracas, Caracas 1080, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Celeny
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Figuera
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: García-Salguero
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biology, Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peragón
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lupiáñez