title: Determination of Ochratoxin A in Wheat and Maize by Solid Bar Microextraction with Liquid Chromatography and Fluorescence Detection.
abstract: Solid bar microextraction (SBME), followed by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD), for the quantification of ochratoxin A in wheat and maize was developed. Ground wheat and maize grains were extracted with acetonitrile-water-acetic acid (79:20:1, v/v/v), followed by defatting with cyclohexane, and subjected to SBME-LC-FLD analysis. SBME devices were constructed by packing 2 mg sorbent (C18) into porous polypropylene micro-tubes (2.5 cm length, 600 μm i.d., and 0.2 μm pore size). SBME devices were conditioned with methanol and placed into 5 mL stirred sample solutions for 70 min. After extraction, OTA was desorbed into 200 μL of methanol for 15 min, the solution was removed in vacuum, the residue was dissolved in 50 μL of methanol-water (1:1, v/v) and ochratoxin A content was determined by HPLC-FLD. Under optimized extraction conditions, the limit of detection of 0.9 μg·kg(-1) and 2.5 μg·kg(-1) and the precision of 3.4% and 5.0% over a concentration range of 1 to 100 μg·kg(-1) in wheat and maize flour, respectively, were obtained.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan. nnahmad@googlemail.com.
authors.forename: Nabil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Al-Hadithi
authors.affiliation: Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany. philip.koessler@uni-kassel.de.|Department of Soil Biology and Plant Nutrition, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstrasse 1a, Witzenhausen 37213, Germany. philip.koessler@uni-kassel.de.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kössler
authors.affiliation: Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany. pkarlov@gwdg.de.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karlovsky
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005453:Fluorescence; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A
keywords: ochratoxin A; solid bar microextraction (SBME); solid phase microextraction (SPME)