title: PRKX, a Novel cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Member, Plays an Important Role in Development.
abstract: The human protein kinase X gene (PRKX) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) are both c-AMP-dependent serine/threonine protein kinases within the protein kinase AGC subgroup. Of all the protein kinases in this group, PRKX is the least studied. PRKX has been isolated from patients with chondrodysplasia punctate and is involved in numerous processes, including sexual differentiation and fertilization, normal kidney development and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), blood maturation, neural development, and angiogenesis in vitro. Although the role of PRKX in development and disease has been reported recently, the underlying mechanism of PRKX activity is largely unknown. In addition, based on the expression pattern of PRKX and the extensive role of PKA in disease and development, PRKX might have additional crucial functions that have not been addressed in the literature. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and developmental functions of PRKX that have been reported by recent studies. In particular, we elucidate the structural and functional differences between PRKX and PKA, as well as the possible roles of PRKX in development and related diseases. Finally, we propose future studies that could lead to important discoveries of more PRKX functions and the underlying mechanisms involved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China, 610500.
authors.forename: Sizhou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurochemisty, NY State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, 10314.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia CC, CUNY, Long Island City, New York, 11101.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alberts
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurochemisty, NY State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, 10314.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D026801:Synteny
chemical_list: C109450:PRKX protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
keywords: CELL MIGRATION AND ADHESION; HUMAN DEVELOPMENT; PROTEIN KINASE X; cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE