title: Cyclospora cayetanensis infection in transplant traveller: a case report of outbreak.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclospora cayetanensis is a protozoan parasite causing intestinal infections. A prolonged course of infection is often observed in immunocompromised individuals. In Europe, less than 100 cases of C. cayetanensis infection have been reported to date, almost all of which being diagnosed in individuals after travelling abroad.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We described cases of three businessmen who developed acute traveller's diarrhoea after they returned to Poland from Indonesia. One of the travellers was a renal transplant recipient having ongoing immunosuppressive treatment. In each case, acute and prolonged diarrhoea and other intestinal disorders occurred. Oocysts of C. cayetanensis were identified in faecal smears of two of the travellers (one immunosuppressed and one immunocompetent). Diagnosis was confirmed by the successful amplification of parasite DNA (18S rDNA). A co-infection with Blastocystis hominis was identified in the immunocompetent man.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infection of C. cayetanensis shall be considered as the cause of prolonged acute diarrhoea in immunocompromised patients returning from endemic regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Street, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland. mabed@biol.uw.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bednarska
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Street, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland. anabena@biol.uw.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bajer
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Street, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland. rwelc@biol.uw.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Welc-Falęciak
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Roentgena Street 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland. pawlas@coi.waw.pl.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pawełas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D021744:Cyclospora / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D021866:Cyclosporiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000469:parasitology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D014195:Travel
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S