title: Brain stimulation improves cognitive control by modulating medial-frontal activity and preSMA-vmPFC functional connectivity.
abstract: Previous research has demonstrated that brain stimulation can improve inhibitory control. However, the neural mechanisms underlying such artificially induced improvement remain unclear. In this study, by coupling anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) with functional MRI, we found that atDCS over preSMA effectively improved stopping speed, which was associated with increased BOLD response in the preSMA and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Furthermore, such atDCS-induced BOLD increase in vmPFC was positively correlated with participants' improvement in stopping efficiency, and the functional connectivity between preSMA and vmPFC increased during successful stop. These results suggest that the rapid behavioral improvement from preSMA brain stimulation involves modulated medial-frontal activity and preSMA-vmPFC functional connectivity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan.|Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiaxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.|Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Daisy L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Juan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D065908:Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: fMRI; preSMA; response inhibition; tDCS; vmPFC