title: CD59 mediates cartilage patterning during spontaneous tail regeneration.
abstract: The regeneration-competent adult animals have ability to regenerate their lost complex appendages with a near-perfect replica, owing to the positional identity acquired by the progenitor cells in the blastema, i.e. the blastemal cells. CD59, a CD59/Ly6 family member, has been identified as a regulator of positional identity in the tail blastemal cells of Gekko japonicus. To determine whether this function of CD59 is unique to the regenerative amniote(s) and how CD59 mediates PD axis patterning during tail regeneration, we examined its protective role on the complement-mediated cell lysis and intervened CD59 expression in the tail blastemal cells using an in vivo model of adenovirus transfection. Our data revealed that gecko CD59 was able to inhibit complement-mediated cell lysis. Meanwhile, CD59 functioned on positional identity through expression in cartilage precursor cells. Intervening positional identity by overexpression or siRNA knockdown of CD59 resulted in abnormal cartilaginous cone patterning due to the decreased differentiation of blastemal cells to cartilage precursor cells. The cartilage formation-related genes were found to be under the regulation of CD59. These results indicate that CD59, an evolutionarily transitional molecule linking immune and regenerative regulation, affects tail regeneration by mediating cartilage patterning.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Man
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaosong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D018957:CD59 Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D016466:CHO Cells; D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003412:Cricetulus; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020868:Gene Silencing; D008116:Lizards / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D013623:Tail / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018957:CD59 Antigens; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; D003094:Collagen; D003165:Complement System Proteins