title: Spatial Variation of Aerosol Chemical Composition and Organic Components Identified by Positive Matrix Factorization in the Barcelona Region.
abstract: The spatial distribution of PM1 components in the Barcelona metropolitan area was investigated using on-road mobile measurements of atmospheric particle- and gas-phase compounds during the DAURE campaign in March 2009. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) applied to organic aerosol (OA) data yielded 5 factors: hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), cooking OA (COA), biomass burning OA (BBOA), and low volatility and semivolatile oxygenated OA (LV-OOA and SV-OOA). The area under investigation (∼500 km(2)) was divided into six zones (city center, harbor, industrial area, precoastal depression, 2 mountain ranges) for measurements and data analysis. Mean zonal OA concentrations are 4.9-9.5 μg m(-3). The area is heavily impacted by local primary emissions (HOA 14-38%, COA 10-18%, BBOA 10-12% of OA); concentrations of traffic-related components, especially black carbon, are biased high due to the on-road nature of the measurements. The formation of secondary OA adds more than half of the OA burden outside the city center (SV-OOA 14-40%, LV-OOA 17-42% of OA). A case study of one measurement drive from the shore to the precoastal mountain range furthest downwind of the city center indicates the importance of nonfossil over anthropogenic secondary OA based on OA/CO.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) , Villigen 5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) , Villigen 5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Peter F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: DeCarlo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) , Villigen 5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Maarten F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Heringa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) , Villigen 5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chirico
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) , Villigen 5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) , Villigen 5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crippa
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona 08034, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Querol
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) , Villigen 5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Baltensperger
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) , Villigen 5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: André S H
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Prévôt
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis*; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D018533:Biomass; D002947:Cities; D003296:Cooking; D005843:Geography; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D013030:Spain; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D052638:Particulate Matter