title: Further Trends in Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Comparison of Risk Factors for Symptoms Using Quality of Work Life Data From the 2002, 2006, and 2010 General Social Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report trends for the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three Quality of Work Life surveys examine the risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings similar for several risk factors, but differences across the reporting years may reflect economic conditions. Respondent numbers in 2010 were reduced, some risk factors had pattern changes, and there were sex and age differences. Trend analysis showed most significant changes were for the "work fast" risk factor. New 2010 "physical effort" item showed sex differences, and items reflective of total worker health showed strong associations with "back pain" and "pain in arms."
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intervention strategies should focus on physical exposures and psychosocial risk factors (work stress, safety climate, job satisfaction, supervisor support, work fast, work freedom, work time) that have been consistently related to reports of musculoskeletal disorders. Economic conditions will influence some psychosocial risk factors.
authors.affiliation: From the US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Safety and Occupational Health, Division of Applied Research and Technology, Organizational Science and Human Factors Branch, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Dick
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: Ming-Lun
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Edward F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Krieg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001132:Arm; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001416:Back Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005082:Physical Exertion; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult