title: Carbonic anhydrase 1 is a promising biomarker for early detection of non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: This study aimed to identify candidate biomarkers associated with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sera from three groups, a lung cancer group (n = 11), benign control group (n = 12), and normal control group (n = 10), were collected and pooled. Protein expression profiles were analyzed by a combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). These methods were used to separate, screen, and identify proteins that were differentially expressed between stage I NSCLC and controls. Differentially expressed proteins were validated by both Western blot and ELISA in an expanded sample size (22, 18, and 18 in three groups, respectively). MALDI-MS identified 12 differentially expressed proteins in the lung cancer group compared to the two control groups. Expression of carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) was validated by Western blot. CA1 was significantly elevated in the lung cancer group compared to controls. ELISA results confirmed that CA1 in the lung cancer group (3.18 ± 1.27 ng/mL, n = 22) was highly expressed in stage I NSCLC patients compared to those in the benign control group (2.21 ± 0.71 ng/mL, n = 18) and the normal control group (2.04 ± 0.63 ng/mL, n = 18) (P = 0.001). In conclusion, we provide evidence that CA1 is highly expressed in the sera of stage I NSCLC patients. Additionally, CA1 might serve as a novel biomarker for early detection of NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jiefang South Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China. wangdb649@sina.com.
authors.forename: Dong-Bin
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Ke
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China.
authors.forename: Cai-Xia
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000097:blood*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I; C000614026:CA1 carbonic anhydrase, human; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases
keywords: Biological markers; Carbonic anhydrase 1; ELISA; Lung cancer; MALDI-MS