title: Socioeconomic Status and the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Among Adults in Northwest China.
abstract: The purpose of the study was to investigate (1) the associations of socioeconomic status, lifestyle risk factors, and the prevalence of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and (2) the mediating effects of lifestyle risk factors on the association of socioeconomic status and the prevalence of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults in northwest China.
  
  
  
  Based on a correlational design and random multistage sampling in communities (N = 3243), data were collected through face-to-face interviews and anthropometric measurements. Education, occupation, and income were considered indicators of socioeconomic status.
  
  
  
  Approximately 7.5% persons interviewed had newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Chi-square analyses showed that higher socioeconomic indicators (higher income, nonmanual occupation) were associated with increased risk. Lifestyle risk factors, including alcohol use, unhealthy diet, and higher body mass index, were significantly positively associated with type 2 diabetes. Adjusting for demographic characteristics, hierarchical logistic regression analyses showed that unhealthy diet and high body mass index were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  
  Higher incomes and nonmanual occupations were related to a greater prevalence of type 2 diabetes, and high body mass index mediated these associations. These findings suggest that interventions for type 2 diabetes in China should be targeted at populations with high socioeconomic status and nonmanual occupations to reduce lifestyle risk factors and prevent diabetes.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, China (Ms S. Zhu)
authors.forename: Shuzhen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA (Dr Hu, Dr McCoy)
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA (Dr Hu, Dr McCoy)
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Province, China (Mr Li)
authors.forename: Guangwu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, China (Mr J. Zhu, Ms Peng)
authors.forename: Jianyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, China (Ms S. Zhu)|School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Province, China (Ms Lei, Mr Yuan)
authors.forename: Meirong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Province, China (Ms Lei, Mr Yuan)
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, China (Mr J. Zhu, Ms Peng)
authors.forename: Jingxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province, China (Ms Kong)
authors.forename: Linglin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors