title: [Association between intracellular zinc levels and nutritional status in HIV-infected and uninfected children exposed to the virus].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malnutrition, growth retardation and opportunistic infections outlast the metabolic, immune and gastrointestinal disorders produced by HIV. Zinc deficiency has been associated with deteriorating nutritional status, growth failure, and risk of infection. The aim of this study is to determine the association between zinc levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the nutritional status of HIV-infected and uninfected children exposed to the virus.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analytical, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 17 infected and 17 exposed children, aged 2-10 years. Anthropometric measurements, clinical and nutritional history, 24h recall, measurement of physical activity, and zinc in PBMC by flow cytometry analysis were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Height according to age, energy consumption and adequacy of energy, protein and dietary zinc were significantly higher in children exposed to the virus compared to those infected with HIV (P <.05). No significant differences were found in BMI, levels of zinc in monocytes, CD4 + and CD4- lymphocytes between the two study groups (P >.05). However, the median levels of zinc in monocytes of infected patients was higher (218.6) compared to the control group (217.0). No association was found between zinc intake and levels of intracellular zinc.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The deterioration of nutritional status and growth retardation in children were associated with HIV, but not with the levels of intracellular zinc. The dietary intake of this nutrient was not associated with levels of zinc in monocytes or CD4 + and CD4- lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: erika.gomez1@udea.edu.co.
authors.forename: Erika María
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Gómez G
authors.affiliation: Grupo Impacto de los Componentes Alimentarios en la Salud, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: María Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Maldonado C
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Citometría, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rojas L
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Gladys
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Posada J
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009752:Nutritional Status; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015032:Zinc
keywords: Children; Dietary Intake; Human Immunodeficiency Virus: HIV; Niños; Nutritional Status; VIH; Zinc; estado nutricional; ingesta de alimentos; virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana; zinc