title: Contributions of mindful eating, intuitive eating, and restraint to BMI, disordered eating, and meal consumption in college students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mindful eating and intuitive eating are promoted as means to circumvent potentially maladaptive dietary restraint while maintaining a healthy weight. Although theoretically related, no studies have examined the correlations between intuitive eating, mindful eating, and restraint in the same sample. This study sought to examine these constructs and their correlations with body mass index (BMI), eating-disordered behaviors, and meal consumption in a college sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (N = 125) completed a laboratory taste-test meal and measures of each eating-related construct using the EDDS, IES, MEQ, and TFEQ-Restraint Subscale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mindful eating, intuitive eating, and restraint were not strongly correlated. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that restraint and intuitive eating accounted for significant variance in disordered eating and BMI. Elevated restraint was associated with increased BMI and disordered eating; elevated intuitive eating was associated with decreased BMI and disordered eating. Mindful eating did not correlate with any outcome variables. Follow-up analyses suggested that specific intuitive eating subscales accounted for unique variance in the relation between intuitive eating and disordered eating. Intuitive eating was the only construct that was significantly associated with meal consumption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intuitive eating and restraint appear to be only weakly correlated, and each is differentially associated with meal consumption. Mindful eating does not appear to relate to outcome variables.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA. lmanderson@albany.edu.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5535-1498
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA.|Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schaumberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
authors.forename: Sasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dmochowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
authors.forename: Drew A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet / Q000523:psychology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals / Q000523:psychology*; D064866:Mindfulness; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: BMI; College sample; Intuitive eating; Mindful eating; Restraint; Taste-test meal