title: High prevalence and infection levels of Nosema ceranae in bumblebees Bombus atratus and Bombus bellicosus from Uruguay.
abstract: Nosema ceranae is one of the most prevalent pathogens in Apis mellifera and has recently been found in multiple host species including several species of bumblebees. Prevalence and infection intensity of N. ceranae was determined in two species of native bumblebees from Uruguay. Nosema ceranae was the only microsporidia identified and mean prevalence was 72% in Bombus atratus and 63% in Bombus bellicosus, values much higher than those reported elsewhere. The presence of this pathogen in bumblebees may be threatening not only for bumblebee populations, but also to the rest of the native pollinator community and to honeybees.
authors.affiliation: Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Rocha, Uruguay. Electronic address: arbulonatalia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arbulo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Antúnez
authors.affiliation: Sección Etología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salvarrey
authors.affiliation: Sección Etología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Branchiccela
authors.affiliation: Centro Apícola Regional, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla La Mancha, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Centro Apícola Regional, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla La Mancha, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higes
authors.affiliation: Sección Etología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Invernizzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D016818:Nosema; D015995:Prevalence; D014583:Uruguay
keywords: Microsporidia; Nosemosis; Parasites