title: Effects of Aftermarket Control Technologies on Gas and Particle Phase Oxidative Potential from Diesel Engine Emissions.
abstract: Particulate matter (PM) originating from diesel combustion is a public health concern due to its association with adverse effects on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer. This study investigated emissions from three stationary diesel engines (gensets) and varying power output (230 kW, 400 kW, and 600 kW) at 50% and 90% load to determine concentrations of gaseous (GROS) and PM reactive oxygen species (PMROS). In addition, the influence of three modern emission control technologies on ROS emissions was evaluated: active and passive diesel particulate filters (A-DPF and P-DPF) and a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC). PMROS made up 30-50% of the total ROS measured without aftermarket controls. All applied controls removed PMROS by more than 75% on average. However, the oxidative potential of PM downstream of these devices was not diminished at the same rate and particles surviving the A-PDF had an even higher oxidative potential on a per PM mass basis compared to the particles emitted by uncontrolled gensets. Further, the GROS as compared to PMROS emissions were not reduced with the same efficiency (<36%). GROS concentrations were highest with the DOC in use, indicating continued formation of GROS with this control. Correlation analyses showed that PMROS and to a lesser extent GROS have a good correlation with semivolatile organic carbon (OC1) subfraction. In addition, results suggest that chemical composition, rather than PM size, is responsible for differences in the PM oxidative potential.
authors.affiliation: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.
authors.forename: Jelica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pavlovic
authors.affiliation: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States.
authors.forename: Amara L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Holder
authors.affiliation: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States.
authors.forename: Tiffany L B
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Yelverton
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D005742:Gasoline / Q000032:analysis*; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005740:Gases; D005742:Gasoline; D052638:Particulate Matter; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D001335:Vehicle Emissions