title: The relationship between chronotype and mood fluctuation in the general population.
abstract: There is a lack of evidence for the relationship between chronotype and subthreshold mood fluctuation. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between chronotypes and mood fluctuation in the general population. Participants (n=302) who have had no experience of major mood episodes were included. The Korean version of the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) was used to classify participants according to three chronotypes. Mood fluctuation was measured using the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) and the Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale (BSDS). Mean scores achieved by the three chronotype groups on the MDQ and the BSDS were compared. There were no significant differences in the frequency of positive responses on the MDQ for the three chronotype groups. However, there was a significant group difference in total BSDS scores. The eveningness group had significantly higher BSDS-D scores than did either the morningness or the intermediate group have. In addition, the eveningness group had significantly higher BSDS-M scores than the morningness group. After adjusting for age by the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), there were still significant group differences in total BSDS scores. The present results suggest that eveningness may be more related to mood fluctuation than morningness. The eveningness may be an important factor related to soft bipolarity or mood fluctuation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jeong Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: esmun@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Eunsoo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Je
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Min Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dae Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Min Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoonmi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: In Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D000068105:Bipolar and Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011581:Psychological Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale; Chronotype; Composite Scale of Morningness; Eveningness; Mood fluctuation; Soft bipolarity