title: Response Assessment of Thermal Papers from Four Continents to Fingerprint Development by Heat.
abstract: Latent fingerprint deposits on thermal paper sourced from the U.S., China, the U.K., and Australia have been visualized by heating. U.S. and Chinese sourced paper produced two distinct types of fingerprint development. In one type (type 1), the paper dye colors where the deposit is present (as previously reported) and in the other type (type 2) the 'inverse' of this gives paper coloring only in areas not coincident with the deposit. Both development types gave identifiable fingerprints, the majority fading within 24 h of heating. Fingerprint development from U.K. and Australian sourced paper was exclusively type 1 and resistant to fading. Temperatures for fingerprint visualization were higher for U.S. paper (64-71°C) and Chinese paper (75-95°C) than for U.K. and Australian sourced paper (43-50°C). Particularly for Chinese sourced paper, these temperatures were within a few degrees of the normal paper color temperature. A mechanism for type 2 fingerprint development is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, George Porter Building, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, U.K.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bond
keywords: forensic science; heating; identification; latent fingerprint; print visualization; thermal paper