title: The Role of Parenting Practices in the Home Environment among Underserved Youth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The home environment, which includes parenting practices, is an important setting in which children develop their health behaviors. We examined the role of parenting practices in the home environment among underserved youth.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined baseline data of a family-focused pediatric obesity intervention. Parenting practices (monitoring, discipline, limit setting of soda/snacks [SS] and screen media [SM], pressure to eat, and reinforcement) and availability of fruits/vegetables (FV) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), family meals, television (TV) watching during meals, TVs in the home, owning active video games/sports equipment, and household food security were assessed in 301 parent/caregivers of overweight/obese children (ages 7-12 years; BMI≥85th percentile). Associations were evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parents/caregivers (ages 22-67 years) were largely Hispanic/Latino (74.1%), female (92.4%), and reported high levels of limit setting SS and low levels of pressure to eat. Parent age, gender, country of birth, and years living in the United States accounted for differences among several parenting practices. Adjusted logistic regression models identified several statistically significant associations, including: Monitoring was positively associated with availability FV (odds ratio [OR]=2.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25, 3.82); limit setting SS was inversely associated with availability of SSBs (OR=0.40; 95% CI, 0.21, 0.75); and limit setting SM was inversely associated with TV viewing during family meals (OR=0.51; 95% CI, 0.31, 0.85). Nearly 40% of our population was food insecure, and food insecurity was positively associated with pressure to eat (OR=1.77; 95% CI, 1.01, 3.15).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parenting practices play an important role in the home environment, and longitudinal studies are needed to examine these associations in the context of family-focused pediatric obesity interventions.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Conlon
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: Aileen P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: McGinn
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lounsbury
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Pediatrics, Children's Health Services , Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: Pamela M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Diamantis
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Pediatrics, Children's Health Services , Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: Adriana E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Groisman-Perelstein
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wylie-Rosett
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: Carmen R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Isasi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D001628:Beverages; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013690:Television; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D018910:Video Games; D044465:White People