title: HMGA1 overexpression is associated with a particular subset of human breast carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Breast cancer represents the second leading cause of cancer mortality among American women and accounts for more than 40 000 deaths annually. High-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of human malignant tumours, including breast carcinomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate HMGA1 detection as an indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis of human breast carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  HMGA1 expression has been analysed by immunohistochemistry in a large series of breast carcinoma resections (1338) combined on a tissue microarray mainly including the ductal carcinoma variant. The results were then correlated with clinicopathological parameters of patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HMGA1 overexpression was found in the large majority of breast carcinoma samples and its overexpression positively correlated with HER-2/neu amplification and progesterone receptor, while a negative correlation was found with oestrogen receptor. Conversely, no HMGA1 expression was found in normal breast tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data reported here indicate that HMGA1 is overexpressed in human breast carcinomas and its levels are associated with a particular endocrine status.
authors.affiliation: Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale (IEOS) "G. Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Romina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sepe
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piscuoglio
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintavalle
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Perrina
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quagliata
authors.affiliation: Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale (IEOS) "G. Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Formisano
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Luigi Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Terracciano
authors.affiliation: Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale (IEOS) "G. Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fusco
authors.affiliation: Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale (IEOS) "G. Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Pierlorenzo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pallante
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D024003:HMGA Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D024003:HMGA Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human
keywords: BREAST CANCER; CARCINOMA; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY