title: Evaluation of short-interfering RNAs treatment in experimental rabies due to wild-type virus.
abstract: We have evaluated the efficacy of short-interfering RNAs targeting the nucleoprotein gene and also the brain immune response in treated and non-treated infected mice. Mice were inoculated with wild-type virus, classified as dog (hv2) or vampire bat (hv3) variants and both groups were treated or left as controls. No difference was observed in the lethality rate between treated and non-treated groups, although clinical evaluation of hv2 infected mice showed differences in the severity of clinical disease (p=0.0006). Evaluation of brain immune response 5 days post-inoculation in treated hv2 group showed no difference among the analyzed genes, whereas after 10 days post-inoculation there was increased expression of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 12, interferon gamma, and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 associated with higher expression of N gene in the same period (p<0.0001). In hv2 non-treated group only higher interferon beta expression was found at day 5. The observed differences in results of the immune response genes between treated and non-treated groups is not promising as they had neither impact on mortality nor even a reduction in the expression of N gene in siRNA treated animals. This finding suggests that the use of pre-designed siRNA alone may not be useful in rabies treatment.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (DHVSP-FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Michele
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Appolinario
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (DHVSP-FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Susan Dora
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Allendorf
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (DHVSP-FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina Gea
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Peres
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (DHVSP-FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clovis Reynaldo
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (DHVSP-FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Acacia Ferreira
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (DHVSP-FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Marcelo Azevedo de Paula
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (DHVSP-FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Carlos Figueiredo
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pantoja
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (DHVSP-FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: jane@fmvz.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Megid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000821:virology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011818:Rabies / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D011820:Rabies virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: Bat virus; Dog virus; Rabies; siRNA