title: Apelinergic system in endothelial cells and its role in angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia.
abstract: Apelin is a peptide known to have a vital role in cardiovascular diseases. It has been proven to induce proliferation and tube formation in endothelial cells, stabilise contacts between endothelial cells, and mediate pericyte recruitment. Since apelin level is reduced early after myocardial infarction, a supportive therapy with apelin is being investigated for its beneficial effect on blood vessel formation. It is becoming apparent, however, that the final effect of apelin often depends on stimuli the cell receives and the cross-talk with other molecules inside the cell. Hence, understanding the apelin pathway potentially can help us to improve angiogenic therapy. This review summarises recent knowledge regarding molecules involved in apelin signalling while focusing on their roles in angiogenesis within the ischemic environment after myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Integrated Center of Cellular Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Novakova
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Gurpreet S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Sandhu
authors.affiliation: Division of Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dragomir-Daescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine - Cardiology, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: martin.klabusay@mou.cz.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klabusay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: Angiogenesis; Apelin; Apelin-12 (PubChem CID: 479167); Apelin-13 (PubChem CID: 71433878); Apelin-36 (PubChem CID: 16130451); Endothelial cells; Myocardial infarction; Signalling pathways; [Pyr1]-apelin-13 (PubChem CID: 25078060)