title: Characteristics of particle-bound polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in atmosphere used in carbon black feeding process at a tire manufacturing plant.
abstract: Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were estimated for different particle size distributions in a carbon black feeding process at a tire manufacturing plant on 15 days in March and April of 2014. A total of 75 integrated air samples were collected using a micro-orifice uniform deposition impactor (MOUDI). Particle-bound PCDD/Fs were analyzed using a high-resolution gas chromatograph/high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRGC/HRMS). Concentrations of thoracic particles and total particles produced in the carbon black feeding process of a tire manufacturing plant were measured in ranges of 0.19-2.61 and 0.28-4.22 mg/m(3), respectively. On all sampling days, the three most abundant species of PCDD/Fs were OCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, and OCDF. The mean concentrations of total PCDD/Fs were 0.74-6.83 pg/m(3) within five particle size ranges. Total I-TEQ in particulate matter (PM)<1.0 was 2.2 and 3.2 times higher than those in PM>18 and PM2.5-10, respectively. However, the total I-TEQ of thoracic PM contributed approximately 74 % of the total I-TEQ of total PM. The assessment of health risk indicates that exposure to fractions of thoracic PM by inhalation poses a significant cancer risk (>10(-6)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kuen-Yuan
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China. chlai2@ctust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chia-Hsiang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yen-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ting-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Yen
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000378:metabolism*; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007221:Industry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D053260:Soot / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D004147:Dioxins; D052638:Particulate Matter; D053260:Soot; C023614:dibenzofuran; C020887:dibenzo(1,4)dioxin
keywords: Carbon black; Dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs); Health risk assessment; Particles; Tire manufacturing plant