title: Outcomes of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection Followed by Rehabilitation in Cases of Cerebral Palsy With Upper Extremity Involvement.
abstract: We evaluated the efficiency of botulinum toxin type A injection followed by a rehabilitation program including individual therapy, group therapy, and occupational therapy in cases of cerebral palsy with upper extremity involvement. A total of 29 injections were performed on 25 patients, and the patients were placed on rehabilitation program. At 3-month and 6-month assessments, there was a significant improvement in lateral grip strength, 9 Hole Peg test, Upper Limb Physician's Rating Scale and pediatric functional independence measure total scores. There were significant decreases in active range of motion in elbow extension, supination, and wrist extension, and Modified Ashworth Scale in elbow flexion, elbow pronation, and wrist flexion at 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month assessments. Combination of group therapy with traditional therapy methods after injection is effective in cases of cerebral palsy with upper extremity involvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale, Turkey drburcub@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Burcu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karaca
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilition, Ministry of Health Dıskapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ece
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ünlü
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Health Ankara Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülşen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Köse
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Ministry of Health Dıskapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gönen
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilition, Ministry of Health Dıskapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aytül
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Çakcı
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A
keywords: botulinum toxin type A; cerebral palsy; rehabilitation; spasticity; upper extremity