title: Hypotony Maculopathy: Clinical Presentation and Therapeutic Methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypotony maculopathy is ocular hypotony complicated by papilledema and/or folding of the retina and choroid in the posterior pole. Our objective was to examine the current literature regarding hypotony maculopathy and treatment methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of the English-language literature was conducted by performing a broad search of PubMed from 1972 through 2015 using the keywords hypotony maculopathy and hypotony. Additional articles were identified from bibliographies of relevant articles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypotony maculopathy was infrequent before the introduction of antimetabolite agents in glaucoma-filtering surgery, and the incidence of this entity is now up to 20%. Risk factors for developing hypotony maculopathy include male gender, young age, myopia, and primary filtering surgery. Correctly identifying the etiology of hypotony is essential for successful treatment. Treatment of hypotony maculopathy includes procedures to elevate the intraocular pressure, thus reversing the collapse of the scleral wall and chorioretinal wrinkling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review discusses the definition, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, incidence and risk factors, prevention and treatment of hypotony maculopathy.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Hospital and Health System, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Merina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Hospital and Health System, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Thasarat S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Vajaranant
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Hospital and Health System, Chicago, IL, USA. aaref@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Ahmad A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Aref
keywords: Glaucoma filtration surgery; Hypotony; Hypotony maculopathy; Retina