title: Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis in a renal transplant recipient manifesting as hemorrhagic, ring-enhancing mass lesions.
abstract: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis has been infrequently described in immunocompromised patients. Here, we report a unique case of biopsy-proven EBV encephalitis in a renal transplant recipient presenting with altered mental status, prominent visual disturbances, and hemorrhagic, ring-enhancing mass lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was successfully treated with a prolonged course of antivirals. This case illustrates the difficulty in interpretation of cerebrospinal fluid EBV polymerase chain reaction assay, given the lack of specificity in immunocompromised patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6914-4959
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Babik
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katrak
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chin-Hong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology
keywords: Epstein-Barr virus; encephalitis; ganciclovir; immunocompromise; post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder; primary central nervous system lymphoma; renal transplant; valganciclovir