title: The Effect of a Combination of Implant Controller and Handpiece from Different Manufacturers on the Torque Value.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the accuracy of applied torque of different implant controller and handpiece combinations by using an electronic torque gauge.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four combinations of the following devices were tested: Surgic XT controller (NSK), XIP10 controller (Saeshin), X-SG20L handpiece (NSK), CRB26LX handpiece (Saeshin). For five torque settings, 30 measurements were recorded at 30 revolutions per minute by using an electronic torque gauge fixed to jigs, and means were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Applied torques were generally higher than the set torque of 10 and 20 Ncm and lower than the set values of 40 and 50 Ncm. The average torque deviations differed significantly among the combinations (P < .05). At 10 and 20 Ncm, the Surgic XT/X-SG20L combination yielded the closest value to the intended torque, followed by the XIP10/X-SG20L combination. At 30 Ncm, the XIP10/X-SG20L combination showed the nearest value. At 40 Ncm, the Surgic XT/X-SG20L, XIP10/CRB26LX, and XIP10/X-SG20L combinations showed deviations within 10%. At 50 Ncm, all the combinations showed lower applied torque than the set value. Large standard deviations were observed in the Surgic XT/CRB26LX (13.288) and Surgic XT/X-SG20L (7.858) combinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different combinations of implant controllers and handpieces do not generate significant variations in applied torque. The actual torque varies according to the torque setting. It is necessary to calibrate devices before use to reduce potentially problematic torque.
authors.forename: Du-Hyeong
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong-Gun
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sam-Pyo
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Young-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Kyu-Bok
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D003748:Dental Equipment; D003757:Dental Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D011476:Prosthodontics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants