title: Combined bleaching and hydrolysis for isolation of cellulose nanofibrils from waste sackcloth.
abstract: A convenient and low cost process to prepare cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) from waste sackcloth by using H2O2/HNO3 solution as both bleaching agent and hydrolysis medium was recommended. The resultant CNF with high crystallinity was initially synthesized by the chemical disintegration process for the removal of non-cellulosic components and the crystallinity of CNF was 68.11% compared with that of sackcloth fibers (48.28%). The decomposition temperature of CNF was about 340°C, which indicated that the thermal stability of the fibers was increased after the combined bleaching and hydrolysis. Subsequently, the homogenous CNF colloidal suspensions in water, ethanol and acetone were obtained after sonication treatment. The CNF in water suspensions with 20-50nm in width and hundreds of nanometers in length was ultimately prepared under the conditions of different ultrasonic time.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Yaoquan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Shaomei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China. Electronic address: fengxin@shu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
authors.forename: Liyi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D057886:Bleaching Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D057886:Bleaching Agents; D020100:Hydrogels; D014866:Waste Products; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: Cellulose nanofibrils; Colloidal suspensions; Dispersion stability; Hydrogels; Waste sackcloth