title: Noncoding RNAs, Emerging Regulators of Skeletal Muscle Development and Diseases.
abstract: A healthy and independent life requires skeletal muscles to maintain optimal function throughout the lifespan, which is in turn dependent on efficient activation of processes that regulate muscle development, homeostasis, and metabolism. Thus, identifying mechanisms that modulate these processes is of crucial priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have emerged as a class of previously unrecognized transcripts whose importance in a wide range of biological processes and human disease is only starting to be appreciated. In this review, we summarize the roles of recently identified miRNAs and lncRNAs during skeletal muscle development and pathophysiology. We also discuss several molecular mechanisms of these noncoding RNAs. Undoubtedly, further systematic understanding of these noncoding RNAs' functions and mechanisms will not only greatly expand our knowledge of basic skeletal muscle biology, but also significantly facilitate the development of therapies for various muscle diseases, such as muscular dystrophies, cachexia, and sarcopenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing 400010, China ; Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing 400010, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Liang
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Da-Zhi
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000235:genetics*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated