title: Effects of amlodipine on ischaemia/reperfusion injury in the rat testis.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of amlodipine (AML) in rat testicular torsion/detorsion damage. In this study, rats were divided into eight groups: (i) sham; (ii) testicular ischaemia, 2 h of ischaemia; (iii) testicular ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R), 2 h of ischaemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion; (iv) ischaemia + AML (5 mg kg(-1)) administered 30 min before ischaemia; (v) ischaemia + AML (10 mg kg(-1)) administered 30 min before ischaemia; (vi) and (vii) I/R + AML (5 mg kg(-1)) and I/R + AML (10 mg kg(-1)) administered 1.5 h after the induction of ischaemia, respectively, and at the end of a 2-h ischaemia period and a 2-h reperfusion period applied; and (viii) sham + AML (10 mg kg(-1)). Significant decreases in levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione were observed in ischaemia and reperfusion groups when compared with healthy controls. These antioxidant levels increased in AML groups while malondialdehyde levels significantly decreased. While increases in tumour necrosis factor-alpha and transforming growth factor-beta levels were found in the torsion and detorsion groups, significant decreases in the levels of these inflammatory cytokines were observed in the treatment groups. These results demonstrate that AML significantly produced protective effects on testis tissue damage that occurs in the torsion/detorsion model via biochemical, histopathological and molecular pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Halici
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Topcu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cadirci
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karakus
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bayir
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Selli
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D017311:Amlodipine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Amlodipine; ischaemia/reperfusion; rat; testis