title: Benefits of dietary phytochemical supplementation on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage: Is including antioxidants enough?
abstract: The purpose of this review was to critically discuss studies that investigated the effects of supplementation with dietary antioxidant phytochemicals on recovery from eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. The performance of physical activities that involve unaccustomed eccentric muscle actions-such as lowering a weight or downhill walking-can result in muscle damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These events may be accompanied by muscle weakness and delayed-onset muscle soreness. According to the current evidences, supplementation with dietary antioxidant phytochemicals appears to have the potential to attenuate symptoms associated with eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. However, there are inconsistencies regarding the relationship between muscle damage and blood markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, the effectiveness of strategies appear to depend on a number of aspects inherent to phytochemical compounds as well as its food matrix. Methodological issues also may interfere with the proper interpretation of supplementation effects. Thus, the study may contribute to updating professionals involved in sport nutrition as well as highlighting the interest of scientists in new perspectives that can widen dietary strategies applied to training.
authors.affiliation: Program of PostGraduation in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Electronic address: giovil@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Vilma Simões
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Pereira Panza
authors.affiliation: Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Diefenthaeler
authors.affiliation: Program of PostGraduation in Nutrition, Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edson Luiz
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: da Silva
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D063806:Myalgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010945:Plants, Edible / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D064209:Phytochemicals
keywords: Delayed-oneset muscle soreness; Eccentric exercise; Inflammation; Muscle damage; Oxidative stress; Phytochemicals; Strength loss