title: Identification of Risk Factors for Arrhythmia Post Transcatheter Closure of Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Arrhythmias are frequently observed after transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD), especially in the early postprocedure period. Independent risk factors associated with postclosure arrhythmias are still elusive. The current study aimed to identify such risk factors via regression analysis with a long-term follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of 553 patients from June 2003 to December 2010 who received symmetric Amplatzer-type pmVSD occluders for pmVSD in our center were followed for 2-8 years. The complications during the follow-up period were classified as early (within 1 year), continuous (persisted >1 year), or late (recurrent or onset after 1 year). We first evaluated the potential risk factors (age, procedure time, size of the defect, size of the occluder, diameter of the defect, distance of lesion to aortic rim, distance of lesion to tricuspid rim, presence of aneurysm, orifice size on aneurysm, arrhythmia before procedure, procedure time) by comparing complicated and uncomplicated cases using univariate analysis, then logistic analysis for independent risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 90 cases of early, 59 cases of continuous, and 13 cases of late complications. The size of the occluder was identified as an independent risk factor for early, continuous, and late arrhythmias. Preexisting arrhythmias were found to be risk factors for early and late arrhythmias, while the distance between the defect and the tricuspid rim was identified as a risk factor for continuous arrhythmias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The size of the occluder, preexisting arrhythmias, and the distance between the defect and the tricuspid rim were found to be risk factors for arrhythmias after transcatheter closure of pmVSD. Selection of properly sized occluders might be crucial to reduce postclosure complications.
authors.forename: Yifei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yimin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Chaomin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, 3rd section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China. kaiyuzhou313@163.com.
authors.forename: Kaiyu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055989:Septal Occluder Device / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome