title: Advanced oxidation protein products are more related to metabolic syndrome components than biomarkers of lipid peroxidation.
abstract: Although advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) have been reported as the most appropriate parameter for determination of oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a direct comparison between protein and lipid peroxidation has not been performed yet. The aim of this study was to compare protein peroxidation with lipid peroxidation measured by 2 different methodologies (tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence and ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange assay). The hypothesis of this study was that AOPPs would be more related to MetS than to oxidative markers of lipid peroxidation. This cross-sectional study evaluated 76 patients with MetS and 20 healthy subjects. Prooxidant-antioxidant index (PAI) assessed as AOPP/total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter ratio progressively increased (P < .05) according to the number of MetS components, whereas AOPPs and total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter increased (P < .05) when 5 components were compared with 3 components. Spearman test showed a positive correlation between AOPPs and waist circumference (r = 0.318, P < .01), fasting glucose (r = 0.250, P < .05), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (r = 0.043, P < .01), triacylglycerol (r = 0.713, P < .0001), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (r = 0.275, P < .05), and uric acid (r = 0.356, P < .01), whereas there was an inverse correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -0.399, P < .001). Prooxidant-antioxidant index demonstrated a positive correlation with waist circumference (r = 0.386, P < .01), fasting glucose (r = 0.388, P < .01), fasting insulin (r = 0.344, P < .05), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (r = 0.519, P < .001), triacylglycerol (r = 0.687, P < .0001), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (r = 0.278, P < .05), and uric acid (r = 0.557, P < .0001), whereas there was an inverse correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -0.480, P < .0001). In conclusion, protein peroxidation determined by AOPPs, and especially by PAI, is more related to MetS components than lipid peroxidation. In addition, PAI progressively increased with the number of MetS components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Venturini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: deianame@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Andréa Name Colado
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Simão
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isaias
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dichi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products / Q000097:blood*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D014527:Uric Acid; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Antioxidant defenses; Lipid peroxidation; Metabolic syndrome; Oxidative stress; Protein oxidation