title: Aqueous Sulfate Separation by Crystallization of Sulfate-Water Clusters.
abstract: An effective approach to sulfate separation from aqueous solutions is based on the crystallization of extended [SO4(H2O)5(2-)]n sulfate-water clusters with a bis(guanidinium) ligand. The ligand was generated in situ by hydrazone condensation in water, thereby bypassing the need for elaborate syntheses, tedious purifications, and organic solvents. Crystallization of sulfate-water clusters represents an alternative approach to the now established sulfate separation strategies that involve encapsulation of the "naked" anion.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119 (USA). custelceanr@ornl.gov.
authors.forename: Radu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Custelcean
authors.affiliation: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119 (USA).|Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Buehler Hall 1420 Circle Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996-1600 (USA).
authors.forename: Neil J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119 (USA).|Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station-A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165 (USA).
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Seipp
keywords: anions; cluster compounds; guanidines; hydrates; hydrazones