title: Neuroprotection by Cocktails of Dietary Antioxidants under Conditions of Nerve Growth Factor Deprivation.
abstract: Dietary antioxidants may be useful in counteracting the chronic inflammatory status in neurodegenerative diseases by reducing oxidative stress due to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we newly described the efficacy of a number of dietary antioxidants (polyphenols, carotenoids, thiolic compounds, and oligoelements) on viability of neuronal PC12 cells following Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) deprivation, a model of age-related decrease of neurotrophic support that triggers neuronal loss. Neuroprotection by antioxidants during NGF deprivation for 24 h was largely dependent on their concentrations: all dietary antioxidants were able to efficiently support cell viability by reducing ROS levels and restoring mitochondrial function, while preserving the neuronal morphology. Moreover, ROS reduction and neuroprotection during NGF withdrawal were also achieved with defined cocktails of 3-6 different antioxidants at concentrations 5-60 times lower than those used in single treatments, suggesting that their antioxidant activity was preserved also at very low concentrations. Overall, these data indicate the beneficial effects of antioxidants against oxidative stress induced by decreased NGF availability and suggest that defined cocktails of dietary factors at low concentrations might be a suitable strategy to reduce oxidative damage in neurodegenerative diseases, while limiting possible side effects.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Miluscia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berbenni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fragni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giampaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leoni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Viggiani
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy ; SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Vita Maria
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Ippolito
authors.affiliation: Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Marilena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Larocca
authors.affiliation: Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Rocco
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossano
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy ; SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy ; NeuroMI Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alberghina
authors.affiliation: Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riccio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy ; SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy ; NeuroMI Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Colangelo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism; D000066829:Neuroprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor