title: External validation of extended prostate biopsy nomogram.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Historical nomograms for the prediction of cancer on prostate biopsy, developed in the sextant biopsy era are no more accurate today. The aim of this study was an independent external validation of a 10-core biopsy nomogram by Chun et al. (2007).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 322 patients who presented for their initial biopsy in a tertiary care center and had all the necessary data available were included in the retrospective analysis. To validate the nomogram, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plots were constructed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Area under the ROC curve calculated for our data using the nomogram was 0.773, similar to that reported originally. However, the nomogram systematically overestimated prostate cancer risk, which, for our data, could be resolved by subtracting 24 points from the total number of points of the nomogram.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The nomogram yielded overall good predictive accuracy as measured by the area under the ROC curve, but it systematically overestimated PC probability in individual patients. However, we showed how the nomogram could easily be adapted to our patient sample, resolving the bias issue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, 2 Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Charles University Praha, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hrbáček
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, 2 Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Charles University Praha, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Minárik
authors.affiliation: Centre of Bioinformatics, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Praha, Czech Republic ; Department of Cybernetics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Praha, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sieger
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, 2 Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Charles University Praha, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Babjuk
keywords: nomogram; prostate biopsy; prostatic neoplasms