title: Comparing measures of overall and central obesity in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors among US Hispanic/Latino adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  US Hispanics/Latinos have high prevalence of obesity and related comorbidities. We compared overall and central obesity measures in associations with cardiometabolic outcomes among US Hispanics/Latinos.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multivariable regression assessed cross-sectional relationships of six obesity measures with cardiometabolic outcomes among 16,415 Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMI was moderately correlated with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; women, r = 0.37; men, r = 0.58) and highly correlated with other obesity measures (r ≥ 0.87) (P < 0.0001). All measures of obesity were correlated with unfavorable levels of glycemic traits, blood pressure, and lipids, with similar r-estimates for each obesity measure (P < 0.05). Multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) for diabetes (women, 6.7 [3.9, 11.5]; men, 3.9 [2.2, 6.9]), hypertension (women, 2.4 [1.9, 3.1]; men, 2.5 [1.9, 3.4]), and dyslipidemia (women, 2.1 [1.8, 2.4]; men, 2.2 [1.9, 2.6]) were highest for individuals characterized as overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) and with abnormal WHR (women ≥0.85; men, ≥0.90), compared with those with normal BMI and WHR (P < 0.0001). Among normal-weight individuals, abnormal WHR was associated with increased cardiometabolic condition prevalence (P < 0.05), particularly diabetes (women, PR = 4.0 [2.2, 7.1]; men, PR = 3.0 [1.6, 5.7]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obesity measures were associated with cardiometabolic risk factors to a similar degree in US Hispanics/Latinos. WHR is useful to identify individuals with normal BMI at increased cardiometabolic risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Qibin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Garrett
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Strizich
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: Rebeca E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Giacinto
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: Sheila F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Castañeda
authors.affiliation: Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sotres-Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Amber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pirzada
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Maria M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Llabre
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schneiderman
authors.affiliation: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Larissa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Avilés-Santa
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult