title: High systemic levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: fuel to the flames in inflammatory osteoarthritis?
abstract: There is increasing evidence that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol plays a role in the pathology of OA. Specifically, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), which has been shown to play an essential role during development of atherosclerosis, could be involved in processes such as synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction and bone deformations. OxLDL can activate synovial cells such as macrophages, endothelial cells and synovial fibroblasts, resulting in release of growth factors, MMP and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this review article, we discuss the role of LDL and oxLDL in OA joint pathology and share our viewpoint of possible mechanisms by which these proteins could influence the development and progression of OA. The proposed theory could provide insight into the aetiopathology of OA and give rise to new potential treatments.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wouter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Munter
authors.affiliation: Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: van der Kraan
authors.affiliation: Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wim B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.affiliation: Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands peter.vanLent@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: Peter L E M
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: van Lent
mesh_terms: D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D016207:Cytokines; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein
keywords: cholesterol; inflammation; joint pathology; low density lipoproteins; macrophages; metabolic syndrome; osteoarthritis; oxidized low density lipoproteins; statins; synovium