title: Vaccinia virus strain LC16m8 defective in the B5R gene keeps strong protection comparable to its parental strain Lister in immunodeficient mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Attenuated vaccinia virus strain, LC16m8, defective in the B5R envelope protein gene, is used as a stockpile smallpox vaccine strain in Japan against bioterrorism: the defect in the B5R gene mainly contributes to its highly attenuated properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  The protective activity of LC16m8 vaccine against challenge with a lethal dose of vaccinia Western Reserve strain was assessed in wild-type and immunodeficient mice lacking CD4, MHC class I, MHC class II or MHC class I and II antigens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The immunization with LC16m8 induced strong protective activity comparable to that of its parent strain, Lister (Elstree) strain, in wild-type mice from 2 days to 1 year after vaccination, as well as in immunodeficient mice at 2 or 3 weeks after vaccination. These results implicated that the defect in the B5R gene hardly affected the potential activity of LC16m8 to induce innate, cell-mediated and humoral immunity, and that LC16m8 could be effective in immunodeficient patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LC16m8 with truncated B5 protein has an activity to induce immunity, such as innate immunity and subsequent cell-mediated and humoral immunity almost completely comparable to the activity of its parental strain Lister.
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokote
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan. Electronic address: shinmura-ya@kaketsuken.or.jp.
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shinmura
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanehara
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maruno
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuranaga
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.affiliation: Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage Ward, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: So
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashizume
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D023482:Bioterrorism; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007564:Japan; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D012899:Smallpox / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D062205:Strategic Stockpile; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C074512:42kDa protein, Vaccinia virus
keywords: Bioterrorism; Efficacy evaluation study; Immunodeficient subject; LC16m8; Smallpox vaccine; WHO stockpile vaccine