title: Purinergic neurone-glia signalling in cognitive-related pathologies.
abstract: Neuroglia, represented by astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, NG glia and microglia are homeostatic, myelinating and defensive cells of the brain. Neuroglial cells express various combinations of purinoceptors, which contribute to multiple intercellular signalling pathways in the healthy and diseased nervous system. Neurological diseases are invariably associated with profound neuroglial remodelling, which is manifest by reactive gliosis, pathological remodelling and functional atrophy of various types of glial cells. Gliopathology is disease and region specific and produces multiple glial phenotypes that may be neuroprotective or neurotoxic. In this review we summarise recent knowledge on the role of glial purinergic signalling in cognitive-related neurological diseases. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Purines in Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration'.
authors.affiliation: Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: Peter.Illes@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Illes
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK; Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain; Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain; University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia. Electronic address: Alexej.Verkhratsky@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Alexei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verkhratsky
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D058469:Receptors, Purinergic P2X / Q000378:metabolism*; D058470:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D058469:Receptors, Purinergic P2X; D058470:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
keywords: Astrocyte; Cognition; Dementia; Microglia; Neurodegeneration; Neuropsychiatric diseases; Oligodendrocyte; Purinergic signalling; Purinoceptors