title: Substantial Receptor-induced Structural Rearrangement of Rotavirus VP8*: Potential Implications for Cross-Species Infection.
abstract: Rotavirus-cell binding is the essential first step in rotavirus infection. This binding is a major determinant of rotavirus tropism, as host cell invasion is necessary to initiate infection. Initial rotavirus-cell interactions are mediated by carbohydrate-recognizing domain VP8* of the rotavirus capsid spike protein VP4. Here, we report the first observation of significant structural rearrangement of VP8* from human and animal rotavirus strains upon glycan receptor binding. The structural adaptability of rotavirus VP8* delivers important insights into how human and animal rotaviruses utilize the wider range of cellular glycans identified as VP8* binding partners. Furthermore, our studies on rotaviruses with atypical genetic makeup provide information expected to be critical for understanding the mechanisms of animal rotavirus gene emergence in humans and support implementation of epidemiologic surveillance of animal reservoirs as well as future vaccination schemes.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia. h.blanchard@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
authors.forename: Gavan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Holloway
authors.affiliation: Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Itzstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
authors.forename: Barbara S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Coulson
authors.affiliation: Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia. x.yu@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Blanchard
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D058507:Host Specificity; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000187:drug effects; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D002241:Carbohydrates; D011991:Receptors, Virus; C060339:VP4 protein, Rotavirus
keywords: carbohydrates; receptor recognition; rotavirus; structural rearrangement