title: Barriers to overcome for effective cancer control in Africa.
abstract: Cancer control in Africa is complicated due to large differences in cancer incidence between countries caused by differences in exposure to known risk factors. For example, substantial differences are seen when selected cancers in north Africa are compared with those in sub-Saharan Africa. In the future, population growth and demographic shifts are likely to have profound effects on the prevalence of cancer across the continent. Likewise, many factors outside of health care such as language differences, conflict, and poverty can affect cancer control efforts. Although cooperation in cancer control efforts is desirable, differences in cultural and geopolitical factors that characterise African countries and their populations, together with the sheer size of the continent, present unique challenges to effective cancer control. This Series paper discusses factors related to the size, diversity, and conditions within Africa that present barriers to optimal collaboration in cancer control efforts across the continent.
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: harfordjb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Joe B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Harford
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000191:economics; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000191:economics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D011157:Population Dynamics; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012068:Religion and Medicine; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014857:Warfare