title: An "oxhorn"-shaped V-Y advancement flap unilaterally pedicled on a nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system for nasal reconstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laterally based nasalis myocutaneous flaps pedicled on the superior nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), which contains the bilateral dorsal nasal arteries, have not been utilized for the reconstruction of nasal defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  According to the location and size of the nasal defects, a V-Y advancement nasalis myocutaneous flap was designed along the proximal alar groove and nasolabial fold. The flap was superficially elevated from the perichondrium, and the nasal SMAS above the flap was dissected as the unilateral pedicle. After the flap was rotated and advanced to the defect, the secondary defect was primarily closed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 20 cases of nasal defects, including six cases of nasal dorsum, five cases of nasal tip, four cases of nasal tip-alar junctions and five cases of nasal tip-dorsum junctions, were reconstructed using this method. The defect size ranged from 0.8 × 0.8 cm to 2 × 1.8 cm. All of the flaps survived with satisfactory aesthetics and function. All of the patients were postoperatively followed up for 6-12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of the V-Y advancement nasalis myocutaneous flaps pedicled on a nasal SMAS is appropriate for the reconstruction of small to medium sized nasal tips and peri-tip defects, and it can achieve satisfactory results due to its simple design, convenient transfer, reliable blood supply and concealed incision.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Da
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: xingxin57@163.com.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064827:Myocutaneous Flap; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D000069259:Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System / Q000637:transplantation*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Nasal defects; Nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system; Nasalis myocutaneous flap; V–Y advancement