title: Plasma DPP4 Activities Are Associated With Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women With Normal Glucose Tolerance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are risk factors for osteoporosis. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a newly identified adipokine related to these risk factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between plasma DPP4 activities and osteoporosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Guilin, China. A total of 744 postmenopausal women with normal glucose tolerance were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma DPP4 activity, inflammatory markers, blood lipids, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), active GLP-1, bone turnover markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured in all participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants in the highest quartile of DPP4 activity had higher triglyceride, total cholesterol, HOMA-IR, IL-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and osteocalcin and lower BMD (lumbar spine and femoral neck) and active GLP-1 compared with participants in the lowest quartile (P < .05). DPP4 activities were associated positively with triglyceride, total cholesterol, HOMA-IR, IL-6, hs-CRP, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and osteocalcin and negatively with active GLP-1 and BMD (P < .05). In the highest DPP4 quartile, osteoporosis risk was significantly higher (odds ratio, 3.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.66-5.43) than in the lowest quartile after adjustment for potential confounders. The risk for osteoporosis increased more with higher levels of DPP4 activity, HOMA-IR, IL-6, and hs-CRP (P < .05), but not with higher levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol or lower levels of active GLP-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that increased DPP4 activities are independently associated with osteoporosis. The mechanisms may be partly explained by the effect of DPP4 on inflammation and insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Z., L.Y., J.Y.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Diabetic Centre of Control and Prevention (Y.L.), The People's Liberation Army 520 Hospital, Sichuan 621000, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine (H.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine (T.Z., X.Z.), Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; and Medical Examination Center (S.Q.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tianpeng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Z., L.Y., J.Y.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Diabetic Centre of Control and Prevention (Y.L.), The People's Liberation Army 520 Hospital, Sichuan 621000, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine (H.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine (T.Z., X.Z.), Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; and Medical Examination Center (S.Q.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liuxue
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Z., L.Y., J.Y.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Diabetic Centre of Control and Prevention (Y.L.), The People's Liberation Army 520 Hospital, Sichuan 621000, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine (H.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine (T.Z., X.Z.), Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; and Medical Examination Center (S.Q.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yihong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Z., L.Y., J.Y.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Diabetic Centre of Control and Prevention (Y.L.), The People's Liberation Army 520 Hospital, Sichuan 621000, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine (H.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine (T.Z., X.Z.), Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; and Medical Examination Center (S.Q.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Z., L.Y., J.Y.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Diabetic Centre of Control and Prevention (Y.L.), The People's Liberation Army 520 Hospital, Sichuan 621000, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine (H.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine (T.Z., X.Z.), Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; and Medical Examination Center (S.Q.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Z., L.Y., J.Y.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Diabetic Centre of Control and Prevention (Y.L.), The People's Liberation Army 520 Hospital, Sichuan 621000, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine (H.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine (T.Z., X.Z.), Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; and Medical Examination Center (S.Q.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Z., L.Y., J.Y.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Diabetic Centre of Control and Prevention (Y.L.), The People's Liberation Army 520 Hospital, Sichuan 621000, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine (H.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine (T.Z., X.Z.), Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China; and Medical Examination Center (S.Q.), Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shenghua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; C042807:DPP4 protein, human; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4