title: Association of a novel TAS2R38 haplotype with alcohol intake among Mexican-Mestizo population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alcohol intake has been associated with the bitter taste receptor T2R38. TAS2R38 gene expresses two common haplotypes: PAV and AVI. It has been reported that AVI homozygotes consume more alcohol than heterozygotes and PAV homozygotes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the TAS2R38 haplotypes among Mexican-Mestizo population and to analyze its association with alcohol intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional study, a total of 375 unrelated Mestizo individuals were genotyped for TAS2R38 polymorphisms (A49P, V262A and I296V) by a Real-Time PCR System (TaqMan). Haplotype frequencies were calculated. Association of TAS2R38 haplotypes with alcohol intake was estimated in drinkers (DRS) and nondrinkers (NDRS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two haplotypes accounted for over 96% of all haplotypes(AVV, 60%, and PAI, 36.5%). The frequency of AVV homozygotes was significantly higher in DRS than NDRS(47.2 vs. 32.2%, respectively; p < 0.05). Additionally, the AVV/AVV genotype was associated with alcohol intake when compared with heterozygotes and PAI homozygotes (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.13-2.84, p < 0.05 and OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.11-4.48; p < 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, two TAS2R38 haplotypes(AVV and PAI) prevailed in Mexican-Mestizo population. The novel AVV haplotype was associated with alcohol intake. The high prevalence of this allelic profile in our population could help to explain, at least in part, the preference for alcohol among the Mexicans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico and Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ramos-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico and Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico and Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martinez-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico and Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Aldaco
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico and Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ojeda-Granados
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico and Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Maricruz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sepulveda-Villegas
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico and Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panduro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006239:Haplotypes; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics*; D013649:Taste / Q000235:genetics; D055697:Taste Perception / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult; D000098706:Taste Receptors, Type 2
chemical_list: D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000098706:Taste Receptors, Type 2