Soluble ST2 and galectin-3 in pediatric patients without heart failure.
OBJECTIVE
Soluble ST2 (ST2) and galectin-3 (Gal3) are biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis and remodeling. This study provides a foundation for the use of ST2 and Gal3 in pediatric patients by assessing values of these biomarkers among children without heart failure.


METHODS
Sera from 240 children, 40 males and 40 females from each of three age groups, (2-6 years, 7-11 years, and 12-17 years) without heart failure were identified from residual clinical testing. Serum ST2 and Gal3 were measured by ELISA.


RESULTS
Serum ST2 increased with age among males, but not females. However, the difference was not statistically significant at the 95th or 97.5th percentiles. No relationship was found between serum Gal3 concentrations and age or gender. Central 95th percentiles (2.5th to 97.5th) were 9-50 ng/mL for ST2 and 7-33 ng/mL for Gal3.


CONCLUSIONS
We have presented baseline, normative data for ST2 and Gal3 in children. This will allow for study of the utility of these biomarkers in children with heart disease.
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. Electronic address: meeusen.jeffrey@mayo.edu.
Jeffrey W
JW
Meeusen
Division of Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Jonathan N
JN
Johnson
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Amber
A
Gray
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Patricia
P
Wendt
Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
John L
JL
Jefferies
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Allan S
AS
Jaffe
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Leslie J
LJ
Donato
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Amy K
AK
Saenger
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006333:Heart Failure; D006801:Humans; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D008297:Male; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D037502:Galectin 3; C079241:IL1RL1 protein, human; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface
Biomarkers; Cardiomyopathy; Natriuretic peptides; Reference range