Primary Ewing sarcoma of vulva, confirmed with molecular cytogenetic analysis: A rare case report with diagnostic and treatment implications.
Primary vulvar Ewing sarcoma (ES)/PNET is an uncommonly documented tumor, especially with molecular results. A 10-year-old girl presented with left vulvar swelling, a year ago. Her abdominopelvic ultrasound revealed a 12 cm × 8 cm sized, mixed echogenic blood-filled lesion in the left vulva; radiologically considered as a hematoma. Vulvectomy revealed a multinodular grey-brown tumor, microscopically comprising malignant round cells. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells diffusely expressed MIC2/CD99 and Fli1 and subsequently displayed EWSR1 rearrangement, confirming diagnosis of ES/PNET. Subsequently, PET-CT scan revealed residual local lesion with lung metastases. The patient was induced on EFT 2001 chemotherapy protocol. Three months after chemotherapy completion, there was no metabolically active disease on PET scan. Four months later, MRI disclosed recurrent primary and metastatic pulmonary lesions. She was planned for scar excision and adjuvant radiotherapy, but unfortunately defaulted further treatment. This forms the eighth case of primary vulvar ES/PNET confirmed with molecular cytogenetic result, underscoring therapeutic value of objective diagnosis in such cases.
Department of Surgical Pathology, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Bharat
B
Rekhi
Girish
G
Chinnaswamy
Tushar
T
Vora
Sneha
S
Shah
Venkatesh
V
Rangarajan
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D005260:Female; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008853:Microscopy; D012512:Sarcoma, Ewing / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014844:Vulva / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor