Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Apigenin on LPS-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and AP-1 Factors in Human Lung Epithelial Cells.
Apigenin is one of the plant flavonoids present in fruits and vegetables, acting as an important nutraceutical component. It is recognized as a potential antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory molecule. In the present study, the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of apigenin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and activator protein-1 (AP-1) factors in human lung A549 cells was investigated. The anti-inflammatory activity of apigenin on LPS-induced inflammation was determined by analyzing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and different AP-1 factors. Apigenin significantly inhibited the LPS-induced expression of iNOS, COX-2, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), and AP-1 proteins (c-Jun, c-Fos, and JunB) including nitric oxide production. Study confirms the anti-inflammatory effect of apigenin by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory mediators and AP-1 factors involved in the inflammation and its importance in the treatment of lung inflammatory diseases.
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, 560 056, Karnataka, India.
Rajeshwari H
RH
Patil
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, 560 056, Karnataka, India.|Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Karnataka State Women's University, Jnanashakthi Campus, Vijayapura, 586 108, Karnataka, India.
R L
RL
Babu
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, 560 056, Karnataka, India.
M
M
Naveen Kumar
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, 560 056, Karnataka, India.
K M
KM
Kiran Kumar
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, 560 056, Karnataka, India.
Shubha M
SM
Hegde
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, 560 056, Karnataka, India.
Rashmi
R
Nagesh
Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
Govindarajan T
GT
Ramesh
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, 560 056, Karnataka, India. sharma@bub.ernet.in.
S Chidananda
SC
Sharma
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047310:Apigenin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism*
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D047310:Apigenin; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human
A549; AP-1 factors; LPS; apigenin; pro-inflammatory mediators