Self-Guided Supramolecular Cargo-Loaded Nanomotors with Chemotactic Behavior towards Cells.
Delivery vehicles that are able to actively seek and precisely locate targeted tissues using concentration gradients of signaling molecules have hardly been explored. The directed movement toward specific cell types of cargo-loaded polymeric nanomotors along a hydrogen peroxide concentration gradient (chemotaxis) is reported. Through self-assembly, bowl-shaped poly(ethylene glycol)-b-polystyrene nanomotors, or stomatocytes, were formed with platinum nanoparticles entrapped in the cavity while a model drug was encapsulated in the inner compartment. Directional movement of the stomatocytes in the presence of a fuel gradient (chemotaxis) was first demonstrated in both static and dynamic systems using glass channels and a microfluidic flow. The highly efficient response of these motors was subsequently shown by their directional and autonomous movement towards hydrogen peroxide secreting neutrophil cells.
Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen (The Netherlands).
Fei
F
Peng
Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen (The Netherlands).
Yingfeng
Y
Tu
Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen (The Netherlands). j.vanhest@science.ru.nl.
Jan C M
JC
van Hest
Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen (The Netherlands). d.wilson@science.ru.nl.
Daniela A
DA
Wilson
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D002633:Chemotaxis; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010316:Particle Size; D010984:Platinum / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D010984:Platinum; D004317:Doxorubicin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
active drug delivery; chemotaxis; nanomotors; self-assembly