Characterization of the Intestinal Lactobacilli Community following Galactooligosaccharides and Polydextrose Supplementation in the Neonatal Piglet.
Recently, prebiotic supplementation of infant formula has become common practice; however the impact on the intestinal microbiota has not been completely elucidated. In this study, neonatal piglets were randomized to: formula (FORM, n = 8), formula supplemented with 2 g/L each galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and polydextrose (PDX, F+GP, n = 9) or a sow-reared (SOW, n = 12) reference group for 19 days. The ileal (IL) and ascending colon (AC) microbiota were characterized using culture-dependent and -independent methods. 16S amplicon sequencing identified no differences at the genera level in the IL. Interestingly, six genera in the AC were significantly different between FORM and F+GP (P<0.05): Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Parabacteroides, Oscillospira, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium and Catabacter. In particular, the relative abundance of AC Lactobacillus was higher (P = 0.04) in F+GP as compared to FORM. Culture-dependent analysis of the IL and AC lactobacilli communities of FORM and F+GP revealed a Lactobacillus spp. composition similar to 16S amplicon sequencing. Additional analysis demonstrated individual Lactobacillus isolates were unable to ferment PDX. Conversely, a majority of lactobacilli isolates could ferment GOS, regardless of piglet diet. In addition, the ability of lactobacilli isolates to ferment the longer chain GOS fragments (DP 3 or greater), which are expected to be present in the distal intestine, was not different between FORM and F+GP. In conclusion, prebiotic supplementation of formula impacted the AC microbiota; however, direct utilization of GOS or PDX does not lead to an increase in Lactobacillus spp.
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States of America.
Jennifer L
JL
Hoeflinger
Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States of America.
Dimitri O
DO
Kashtanov
Research and Testing Laboratory, 4321 Marsha Sharp FWY, Lubbock, TX, 79407, United States of America.
Stephen B
SB
Cox
Research and Testing Laboratory, 4321 Marsha Sharp FWY, Lubbock, TX, 79407, United States of America.
Scot E
SE
Dowd
Mead Johnson Nutrition, 400 West Lloyd Expressway, Evansville, IN, 47712, United States of America.
Zeina E
ZE
Jouni
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States of America; Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States of America.
Sharon M
SM
Donovan
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States of America; Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States of America.
Michael J
MJ
Miller
D000818:Animals; D005936:Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013552:Swine
D005936:Glucans; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D056692:Prebiotics; C033375:polydextrose