The Surgeon's Contribution to Image-Guided Oncology.
BACKGROUND
Advances in surgical and in imaging technology permit the performance of complex tumour resections in a safe and oncologically correct manner. To date, this has mainly implicated refined preoperative imaging methods, such as three-dimensional computer-assisted planning (3D-CASP). With the advent of modern hybrid operating rooms, intraoperative imaging has spread and various techniques of intraoperative image guidance have been developed.


METHODS
We review recent advances in intraoperative image guidance. We also delineate the role of intraoperative imaging techniques such as intraoperative ultrasound and computed tomography for real-time image guidance in laparoscopic liver surgery.


RESULTS
Our review shows that advances in intraoperative imaging accompany the increasing use of laparoscopic approaches in visceral surgery. For the liver surgeon working laparoscopically, the loss of tactile sensation and the complex three-dimensional anatomy of the human liver make 3D-imaging techniques and intraoperative image guidance indispensable. We describe the role of 3D-CASP in preoperative surgical planning in liver surgery.


CONCLUSIONS
An innovative imaging strategy for identifying liver segments during laparoscopic liver surgery by applying a fluorescent imaging method is proposed.
Deutsche Akademie für Mikrotherapie (DAfMT)/International School of Image-Guided Interventions, Magdeburg, Germany ; Department of Surgery, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Christoph
C
Benckert
Deutsche Akademie für Mikrotherapie (DAfMT)/International School of Image-Guided Interventions, Magdeburg, Germany ; Department of Surgery, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Christiane
C
Bruns
3D-CASP; Augmented reality; Computed tomography; Fluorescent imaging; Hybrid operating room; IOUS; Image guidance; Intraoperative ultrasound; Laparoscopic liver surgery; Magnetic resonance imaging; Three-dimensional computer-assisted surgical planning