Perceptions of pharmacists and patients on information provision and their influence on patient satisfaction in Japanese community pharmacies.
OBJECTIVE
The provision of information is now considered a major area in pharmacist-patient interactions. However, few reports have simultaneously evaluated patient and pharmacist perceptions with regard to the pharmacist's information provision. The aims were to clarify the perceptions of pharmacists and patients regarding information provision and the level of influence of those perceptions on patient satisfaction.


METHODS
A cross-sectional survey with respect to information provision was conducted for patients and pharmacists in community pharmacies in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. In total, 407 patient-pharmacist pairs were included in a t-test and multilevel analysis.


RESULTS
The levels of patient perception regarding information provision were significantly higher than the levels of pharmacist perception in all variables. The pharmacists' perceived level of information provision concerning medication effects had a negative and significant association with patient satisfaction, while the patients' perceived level of information provision by the pharmacist had a positive and significant association with patient satisfaction. Higher patient expectations regarding the level of information provision concerning medication side effects and older age of the pharmacist were adversely related to patient satisfaction. Both pharmacist and patient perceptions of the information provision by pharmacists personalized to the patient had positive associations with patient satisfaction.


CONCLUSIONS
Pharmacist perceptions related to the information provision were not associated with patient satisfaction. The present study highlights accurate information provision, building good patient-pharmacist relationships, and improving pharmaceutical care in community pharmacy settings.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Hiroko
H
Takaki
Medical Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Takeru
T
Abe
Department of Health Services Management and Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Akihito
A
Hagihara
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010465:Perception; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000523:psychology*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D055815:Young Adult
information provision; multilevel analysis; patient perception; patient satisfaction; pharmacist perception; pharmacist-patient interactions