Vibrational fingerprint mapping reveals spatial distribution of functional groups of lignin in plant cell wall.
Highly lignified vascular plant cell walls represent the majority of cellulosic biomass. Complete release of the biomass to deliver renewable energy by physical, chemical, and biological pretreatments is challenging due to the "protection" provided by polymerized lignin, and as such, additional tools to monitor lignin deposition and removal during plant growth and biomass deconstruction would be of great value. We developed a hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering microscope with 9 cm(-1) spectral resolution and submicrometer spatial resolution. Using this platform, we mapped the aromatic ring of lignin, aldehyde, and alcohol groups in lignified plant cell walls. By multivariate curve resolution of the hyperspectral images, we uncovered a spatially distinct distribution of aldehyde and alcohol groups in the thickened secondary cell wall. These results collectively contribute to a deeper understanding of lignin chemical composition in the plant cell wall.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, China.|Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Bin
B
Liu
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Ping
P
Wang
Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Jeong Im
JI
Kim
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Delong
D
Zhang
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, China.
Yuanqin
Y
Xia
Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Clint
C
Chapple
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.|Department of Chemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Ji-Xin
JX
Cheng
D000438:Alcohols / Q000378:metabolism; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism*; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods*; D009154:Mutation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014732:Vibration
D000438:Alcohols; D000447:Aldehydes; D008031:Lignin