SUMO-Enriched Proteome for Drosophila Innate Immune Response.
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification modulates the expression of defense genes in Drosophila, activated by the Toll/nuclear factor-κB and immune-deficient/nuclear factor-κB signaling networks. We have, however, limited understanding of the SUMO-modulated regulation of the immune response and lack information on SUMO targets in the immune system. In this study, we measured the changes to the SUMO proteome in S2 cells in response to a lipopolysaccharide challenge and identified 1619 unique proteins in SUMO-enriched lysates. A confident set of 710 proteins represents the immune-induced SUMO proteome and analysis suggests that specific protein domains, cellular pathways, and protein complexes respond to immune stress. A small subset of the confident set was validated by in-bacto SUMOylation and shown to be bona-fide SUMO targets. These include components of immune signaling pathways such as Caspar, Jra, Kay, cdc42, p38b, 14-3-3ε, as well as cellular proteins with diverse functions, many being components of protein complexes, such as prosß4, Rps10b, SmD3, Tango7, and Aats-arg. Caspar, a human FAF1 ortholog that negatively regulates immune-deficient signaling, is SUMOylated at K551 and responds to treatment with lipopolysaccharide in cultured cells. Our study is one of the first to describe SUMO proteome for the Drosophila immune response. Our data and analysis provide a global framework for the understanding of SUMO modification in the host response to pathogens.
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.
Mithila
M
Handu
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.
Bhagyashree
B
Kaduskar
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.
Ramya
R
Ravindranathan
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.
Amarendranath
A
Soory
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.
Ritika
R
Giri
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.
Vijay Barathi
VB
Elango
Institute of Bioinformatics, 566 066 Bangalore, India.
Harsha
H
Gowda
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India girish@iiserpune.ac.in girish.iiserpune@gmail.com.
Girish S
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-3140
GS
Ratnaparkhi
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004330:Drosophila / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D058207:Sumoylation
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D020543:Proteome
NF-kappaB; SUMO; immunity; proteome; regulation; signaling