Clinical Use of Quantitative Computed Tomography-Based Advanced Techniques in the Management of Osteoporosis in Adults: the 2015 ISCD Official Positions-Part III.
The International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) has developed new official positions for the clinical use of computed tomography (CT) scans acquired without a calibration phantom, for example, CT scans obtained for other diagnosis such as colonography. This also addresses techniques suggested for opportunistic screening of osteoporosis. The ISCD task force for quantitative CT reviewed the evidence for clinical applications of these new techniques and presented a report with recommendations at the 2015 ISCD Position Development Conference. Here we discuss the agreed upon ISCD official positions with supporting medical evidence, rationale, controversy, and suggestions for further study. Advanced techniques summarized as statistical parameter mapping methods were also reviewed. Their future use is promising but the clinical application is premature. The clinical use of QCT of the hip is addressed in part I and of finite element analysis of the hip and spine in part II.
Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Bioclinica, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: klaus.engelke@imp.uni-erlangen.de.
Klaus
K
Engelke
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Thomas
T
Lang
Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
Sundeep
S
Khosla
Bone Quality and Health Center, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Ling
L
Qin
Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Philippe
P
Zysset
Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
William D
WD
Leslie
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
John A
JA
Shepherd
Park Nicollet Clinic/HealthPartners, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
John T
JT
Shousboe
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000077:Acetabulum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000328:Adult; D015519:Bone Density; D002138:Calibration; D032921:Consensus; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008403:Mass Screening; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
Asynchronous and internal calibration; opportunistic screening; osteoporosis; quantitative computed tomography (QCT); statistical parameter mapping (SPM)