Radioiodine Scan Index: A Simplified, Quantitative Treatment Response Parameter for Metastatic Thyroid Carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to develop and validate a simplified, novel quantification method for radioiodine whole-body scans (WBSs) as a predictor for the treatment response in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients with distant metastasis.


METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed serial WBSs after radioiodine treatment from 2008 to 2011 in patients with metastatic DTC. For standardization of TSH simulation, only a subset of patients whose TSH level was fully enhanced (TSH > 80 mU/l) was enrolled. The radioiodine scan index (RSI) was calculated by the ratio of tumor-to-brain uptake. We compared correlations between the RSI and TSH-stimulated serum thyroglobulin (TSH_s_Tg) level and between the RSI and Tg reduction rate of consecutive radioiodine treatments.


RESULTS
A total of 30 rounds of radioiodine treatment for 15 patients were eligible. Tumor histology was 11 papillary and 4 follicular subtypes. The TSH_s_Tg level was mean 980 ng/ml (range, 0.5-11,244). The Tg reduction rate after treatment was a mean of -7 % (range, -90 %-210 %). Mean RSI was 3.02 (range, 0.40-10.97). RSI was positively correlated with the TSH_s_Tg level (R(2) = 0.3084, p = 0.001) and negatively correlated with the Tg reduction rate (R(2) = 0.2993, p = 0.037). The regression equation to predict treatment response was as follows: Tg reduction rate = -14.581 × RSI + 51.183.


CONCLUSIONS
Use of the radioiodine scan index derived from conventional WBS is feasible to reflect the serum Tg level in patients with metastatic DTC, and it may be useful for predicting the biologic treatment response after radioiodine treatment.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk 2-ga, Jung gu Daegu, Republic of Korea 700-721 ; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Raphael Hospital, 303, Jungang-daero, Jung-gu Daegu, Republic of Korea 700-803.
Jong-Ryool
JR
Oh
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk 2-ga, Jung gu Daegu, Republic of Korea 700-721.
Byeong-Cheol
BC
Ahn
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk 2-ga, Jung gu Daegu, Republic of Korea 700-721.
Shin Young
SY
Jeong
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk 2-ga, Jung gu Daegu, Republic of Korea 700-721.
Sang-Woo
SW
Lee
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk 2-ga, Jung gu Daegu, Republic of Korea 700-721.
Jaetae
J
Lee
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma; Metastasis; Quantification; Radioiodine whole-body scan; Treatment response