ER Stress and Angiogenesis.
Proper tissue vascularization is vital for cellular function as it delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and immune cells and helps to clear cellular debris and metabolic waste products. Tissue angiogenesis occurs to satisfy energy requirements and cellular sensors of metabolic imbalance coordinate vessel growth. In this regard, the classical pathways of the unfolded protein response activated under conditions of ER stress have recently been described to generate angiomodulatory or angiostatic signals. This review elaborates on the link between angiogenesis and ER stress and discusses the implications for diseases characterized by altered vascular homeostasis, such as cancer, retinopathies, and atherosclerosis.
Departments of Ophthalmology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada.
François
F
Binet
Departments of Ophthalmology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; Department of Neurology-Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada. Electronic address: mike.sapieha@umontreal.ca.
Przemyslaw
P
Sapieha
D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D056811:Unfolded Protein Response; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C528229:ERN1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D004722:Endoribonucleases