Correlation between presence of Leishmania RNA virus 1 and clinical characteristics of nasal mucosal leishmaniosis.
BACKGROUND
Mucosal leishmaniosis (ML) is a severe clinical form of leishmaniosis. Complex factors related to the parasite and the host are attributed to the development of mucosal lesions. Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) can disrupt immune response, and may be the main determinant of severity of the disease; it should be investigated.


OBJECTIVE
To study the existence of clinical differences between patients with ML with endosymbiosis by LRV1 and. those without it.


METHODS
A cross-sectional cohort study with clinical evaluation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Leishmania, species classification, and search of LRV1 was performed. Only patients with confirmed diagnosis of ML by positive PCR and with nasal mucosa injuries were included in this analysis.


RESULTS
Out of 37 patients, 30 (81.1%) were diagnosed with Leishmania braziliensis, five (13.5%) with Leishmania guyanensis, and two (5.4%) with mixed infection of L. braziliensis and L. guyanensis. LVR1 virus was present in 26 (70.3%) of the cases.


CONCLUSIONS
Correlation between clinical phenotype and presence of LRV1 was not observed, although the frequency of the virus is two-fold higher in mucosal lesions than that found in the literature on skin lesions in the same geographical area.
Health Science, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. Electronic address: marcosmassayuki@uol.com.br.
Marcos Massayuki
MM
Ito
Fundação Osvaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
Lilian Motta
LM
Catanhêde
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
Tony Hiroshi
TH
Katsuragawa
Health Science, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
Cipriano Ferreira da
CF
Silva Junior
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Luis Marcelo Aranha
LM
Camargo
Fundação Osvaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
Ricardo de Godoi
Rde G
Mattos
Fundação Osvaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Juan Miguel
JM
Vilallobos-Salcedo
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007891:Leishmania / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology*; D007897:Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D019199:Leishmaniavirus / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000469:parasitology*; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
Leishmania braziliensis; Leishmania guyanensis; Leishmaniavirus; Leishmaniavírus; Leishmaniose; Leishmaniose mucocutânea; Leishmaniosis; Leishmaniosis mucocutaneous