Oxidative stress in dogs with multicentric lymphoma: Effect of chemotherapy on oxidative and antioxidant biomarkers.
BACKGROUND
Lymphoma is one of the most common types of cancer in dogs, characterized by the proliferation of lymphoid cells. The treatment of this type of cancer is usually based on drugs with high toxicity, which can cause severe side effects.


OBJECTIVE
Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure the levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in dogs with multicentric lymphoma before and after chemotherapy.


METHODS
For this purpose, serum samples of 25 dogs diagnosed with multicentric lymphoma and 15 healthy dogs were used. The animals were exposed to CHOP chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone) and serum samples were collected 5 weeks after treatment.


RESULTS
High levels of TBARS, AOPP, and FRAP were observed in sera of dogs with multicentric lymphoma when compared to healthy dogs (P < 0.01), and even higher levels (TBARS and AOPP) were found after chemotherapy i.e. treatment exacerbated the oxidative stress levels. On the other hand, FRAP levels did not differ statistically between animals with lymphoma before and after treatment (P > 0.05). Exacerbated oxidative stress was observed in dogs with multicentric lymphoma Group II (Stage IV-V: involvement of lymph nodes and organs) compared to those in Group I (Stage I-III: only affected lymph nodes) of the disease, as well as the dogs with clinical signs and T immunophenotype. Another important result was observed after chemotherapy, where FRAP levels were higher in dogs that showed complete disease remission compared to animals with progressive disease.


CONCLUSIONS
Therefore, dogs with lymphoma showed protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, as well as increased total antioxidants before and after chemotherapy compared to the control group.
Nathieli B
NB
Bottari
Thiago D
TD
Munhoz
Vanessa D
VD
Torbitz
Alexandre A
AA
Tonin
Letícia A
LA
Anai
Lívia M S
LM
Semolin
Paulo C
PC
Jark
Yãnaí S
YS
Bollick
Rafael N
RN
Moresco
Raqueli T
RT
França
Sonia T A
ST
Lopes
Lenita M
LM
Stefani
Mirela
M
Tinucci-Costa
Aleksandro S
AS
Da Silva
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D004285:Dogs; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012074:Remission Induction; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014750:Vincristine / Q000009:adverse effects
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011239:Prednisolone; D010100:Oxygen
Antioxidants; Cancer; Dog; Lymphoma; Oxidant