Short-term Regulation of Resistin in vivo by Oral Lipid Ingestion and in vitro by Fatty Acid Stimulation.
OBJECTIVE
Dysbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines is a hallmark of metabolic syndrome but their nutrition-dependent regulation in healthy individuals is poorly characterized. We investigated pro-inflammatory resistin and anti-inflammatory adiponectin regulation during oral lipid ingestion (OLI) in healthy adults. Response of resistin upon free fatty acid (FFA) stimulation was investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.


METHODS
100 healthy volunteers underwent OLI. Venous blood was drawn after 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours (h). Subjects were characterized by anthropometric and standard laboratory parameters. Serum concentrations of adiponectin and resistin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Adipocytes were stimulated with FFA and concentrations of adipokines were measured by ELISA.


RESULTS
Irrespective of BMI and gender, OLI led to a significant reduction of resistin serum levels in a stepwise manner whereas adiponectin concentrations remained unchanged. There were positive correlations of resistin with waist/hip ratio and visfatin levels, as was calculated by regression analysis. Resistin concentrations were significantly higher in smokers when compared to non-smokers. Adiponectin concentrations were higher in females and in users of hormonal contraception. Adiponectin levels showed a positive correlation with heart rate and HDL cholesterol and a negative correlation with age, waist/hip-ratio, BMI, diastolic/systolic blood pressure, visfatin levels and LDL/HDL-ratio. Resistin secretion was significantly induced by palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid in adipocytes.


CONCLUSIONS
OLI is a physiological repressor of systemic resistin release whereas FFA upregulate resistin release in vitro from adipocytes.
Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Germany.
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Schmid
Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, Germany.
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Leszczak
Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, Germany.
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Ober
Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Germany.
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Karrasch
Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Germany.
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Schäffler
D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood
C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; C499919:Adipoq protein, mouse; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; C499624:RETN protein, human; D052243:Resistin; C499623:Retn protein, mouse