Effects of Remifentanil Preconditioning on Osteoblasts under Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Condition.
BACKGROUND
Ischemia-reperfusion of bone occurs in a variety of clinical conditions, such as orthopedic arthroplasty, plastic gnathoplasty, spinal surgery, and amputation. Usually, cellular models of hypoxia-reoxygenation reflect in vivo models of ischemia-reperfusion. With respect to hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions, the effects of remifentanil on osteogenesis have received little attention. Therefore, we investigated the effects of remifentanil on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts during hypoxic-reoxygenation.


METHODS
After remifentanil (0.1, 1 ng/mL) preconditioning for 2 hours, human osteoblasts were cultured under 1% oxygen tension for 24 hours. Thereafter, the cells were reoxygenated for 12 hours at 37 °C. The naloxone groups were treated with naloxone for 30 minutes before remifentanil treatment. We measured cell viability via MTT assay. Osteoblast maturation was determined by assay of bone nodular mineralization. Quantitative PCR and western blot methods were used to determine BMP-2, osteocalcin, Akt, type I collagen, osterix, TGF-β1, HIF-1α, and RUNX2 expression levels.


RESULTS
Osteoblast viability and bone nodular mineralization by osteoblasts is recovered by remifentanil preconditioning from hypoxia-reoxygenation insult. During hypoxic-reoxygenation condition, remifentanil preconditioning induced the expression of BMP-2, osteocalcin, Akt, type I collagen, osterix, TGF-β1, HIF-1α, and RUNX2 in osteoblasts.


CONCLUSIONS
Under hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions, remifentanil preconditioning enhanced the cell viability and maturation of osteoblasts, and stimulated the expression of proteins associated with osteoblast proliferation and differentiation of the osteoblast. Our results suggest that remifentanil may help in the treatment of bone stress injuries.
1. Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea.
Seung-Wan
SW
Baik
2. Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea.
Bong-Soo
BS
Park
2. Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea.
Yong-Ho
YH
Kim
3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea.
Yong-Deok
YD
Kim
4. Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea.
Cheul-Hong
CH
Kim
4. Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea.
Ji-Young
JY
Yoon
1. Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea.
Ji-Uk
JU
Yoon
D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009270:Naloxone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077208:Remifentanil; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology
D010880:Piperidines; D009270:Naloxone; D000077208:Remifentanil; D010100:Oxygen
hypoxia-reoxygenation; osteoblast; remifentanil