Effects of different surface treatments on bond strength of an indirect composite to bovine dentin.
BACKGROUND
Several surface treatments could be used to improve the bond strength (BS) between indirect composites and cement.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the BS of an indirect composite submitted to different surface treatments, cemented to bovine dentin.


METHODS
One hundred and fifty conical cavities were prepared in slices of bovine dentin and bulk filled with the composite.


METHODS
After curing and removal from the cavity, the restorations were treated according to the groups (n = 10): C-untreated, S-Sandblasting; SS-Sandblasting + silane; F-hydrofluoric acid; FS-hydrofluoric acid + silane; SF-Sandblasting + hydrofluoric acid; SFS-Sandblasting + hydrofluoric acid + silane; E-ethanol; ES-ethanol + silane; SE-Sandblasting + ethanol; SES-Sandblasting + ethanol + silane; P-H2O2; PS-H2O2 + silane; SP-Sandblasting + H2O2; SPS-Sandblasting + H2O2 + silane. After cementation, push-out test was performed in a universal testing machine.


METHODS
Data were submitted to nonparametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests, α = 0.05). The failure mode was observed under a stereomicroscope and the topography by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).


RESULTS
Sandblasted groups led to the highest BS values, (P < 0.001), except for the SFS group. SE, SES, and SPS led to higher BS values than S and SS groups (P < 0.05). F, E and P groups showed the lowest BS values. The number of cohesive or mixed failures was related to higher BS values. SEM evaluation showed major irregularities only for sandblasted groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Sandblasting was a safe surface treatment for the indirect composite, increasing the BS values. Hydrofluoric acid applied after sandblasting damaged the BS values and should not be recommended while ethanol and H2O2, when applied after sandblasting, were effective in increasing BS values.
Analytical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Laiza Tatiana
LT
Poskus
Rosana Sampaio
RS
Meirelles
Victor Blunck
VB
Schuina
Liana Matos
LM
Ferreira
Eduardo Moreira
EM
da Silva
Jose Guilherme Antunes
JG
Guimarães
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry
D003188:Composite Resins; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide