Effect of sex, dietary glycerol or dietary fat during late fattening, on fatty acid composition and positional distribution of fatty acids within the triglyceride in pigs.
The effect of sex, source of saturated fat (lard v. palm oil) and glycerol inclusion in the fattening diet on composition and fatty acid positional distribution in the triglyceride molecule was studied in pigs from 78 to 110 kg BW. Average daily gain and carcass characteristics, including ham and loin weight, were not affected by dietary treatment but sex affected backfat depth (P < 0.01). A significant interaction between sex and glycerol inclusion was observed; dietary glycerol increased lean content in gilts but not in barrows (P < 0.05 for the interaction). Individual and total saturated fatty acid (SFA) concentrations were greater in barrows than in gilts. In contrast, the concentration of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and of C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, C20:3n-9 and C20:4n-6 in the intramuscular fat (IMF) was higher (P < 0.05) in gilts than in barrows. Sex did not affect total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) concentration in the IMF. The proportion of SFA in the subcutaneous fat (SF) was higher in barrows than in gilts (P < 0.001). Within the individual SFA, sex affected only the concentrations of C14:0 and C16:0 (P < 0.001). Dietary fat did not affect total SFA or PUFA concentrations of the IMF but the subcutaneous total MUFA concentration tended to be higher (P = 0.079) in pigs fed lard than in pigs fed palm oil. Dietary glycerol increased total MUFA and C18:1n-9 concentration in the IMF and increased total MUFA and decreased C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3 and total PUFA concentrations in the SF. The data indicate that altering the fatty acid composition of the triglyceride molecule at the 2-position, by dietary intervention during the fattening phase, is very limited.
1Departamento de Producción Animal,Universidad Complutense de Madrid,28040 Madrid,Spain.
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J
Segura
2Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología,Universidad Complutense de Madrid,28040 Madrid,Spain.
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MI
Cambero
3CEI Campus Moncloa,UCM-UPM,28040 Madrid,Spain.
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L
Cámara
5Incarlopsa,Tarancón,16400,Cuenca,Spain.
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C
Loriente
3CEI Campus Moncloa,UCM-UPM,28040 Madrid,Spain.
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GG
Mateos
1Departamento de Producción Animal,Universidad Complutense de Madrid,28040 Madrid,Spain.
C J
CJ
López-Bote
D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000032:analysis; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides; D005990:Glycerol
dietary fat; glycerol; intramuscular fat; pig; positional fatty acid distribution.