A Comparison of Antibacterial Activity of Selected Thyme (Thymus) Species by Means of the Dot Blot Test with Direct Bioautographic Detection.
Bioautography carried out with the aid of thin-layer chromatographic adsorbents can be used to assess antibacterial activity in samples of different origin. It can either be used as a simple and cost-effective detection method applied to a developed chromatogram, or to the dot blot test performed on a chromatographic plate, where total antibacterial activity of a sample is scrutinized. It was an aim of this study to compare antibacterial activity of 18 thyme (Thymus) specimens and species (originating from the same gardening plot and harvested in the same period of time) by means of a dot blot test with direct bioautography. A two-step extraction of herbal material was applied, and at step two the polar fraction of secondary metabolites was obtained under the earlier optimized extraction conditions [methanol-water (27+73, v/v), 130°C]. This fraction was then tested for its antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis bacteria. It was established that all investigated extracts exhibited antibacterial activity, yet distinct differences were perceived in the size of the bacterial growth inhibition zones among the compared thyme species. Based on the results obtained, T. citriodorus "golden dwarf" (sample No. 5) and T. marschallianus (sample No. 6) were selected as promising targets for further investigations and possible inclusion in a herbal pharmacopeia, which is an essential scientific novelty of this study.
University of Silesia, Institute of Chemistry, Department of General Chemistry and Chromatography, 9 Szkolna St, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
Marta
M
Orłowska
Teresa
T
Kowalska
Mieczysław
M
Sajewicz
Wioleta
W
Jesionek
Irena M
IM
Choma
Barbara
B
Majer-Dziedzic
Grażyna
G
Szymczak
Monika
M
Waksmundzka-Hajnos
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046930:Thymus Plant
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts