Nurses' perceptions of their professional practice environment: a cross-sectional study.
OBJECTIVE
To describe nurses' perceptions concerning their professional practice environment in mainland China and identify factors associated with these views.


BACKGROUND
Globally, the environments in which nurses work influence the quality of nursing practice and health care.


METHODS
A cross-sectional descriptive survey using both paper- and online-based delivery modes was used.


METHODS
A convenience sampling method was used. The survey questionnaire was composed of sociodemographic items and the 38-item Chinese version of Professional Practice Environment survey. The content of the paper-based questionnaire was identical to the online survey. Pearson's chi-square test was conducted to compare the demographic characteristics of these two data sets. Descriptive statistics analysis included frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Multiple linear regression analysis using the Backwards method was applied to identify independent predictors of each subscale of the 38-item Chinese version of Professional Practice Environment.


RESULTS
A total of 573 questionnaires were analysed. The mean score of each subscale of the 38-item Chinese version of Professional Practice Environment in this study ranged from 2·66-3·05. All subscales except work motivation (3·05, standard deviation: 0·44) scored less than 3·0. Areas rated as most in need of improvement included control over practice, interpersonal interaction, supportive leadership and handling conflict, and staff relationships with physicians and autonomy.


CONCLUSIONS
This study has identified nurses' perspectives regarding their workplaces in contemporary China. These data have provided an important baseline for developing and implementing culturally appropriate strategies to improve the working environment of Chinese nurses.


CONCLUSIONS
A supportive and enabling work environment promotes professional development and the safety and quality of health care. Addressing these factors is important in optimising work place environments.
Nursing Department of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Yingjuan
Y
Cao
Centre for Cardiovascular and Chronic Care, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Michelle
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5484-8224
M
DiGiacomo
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Yenna
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-4086
Y
Salamonson
Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Jinan, China.
Ye
Y
Li
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Baosha
B
Huai
Centre for Cardiovascular and Chronic Care, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.|School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Patricia M
PM
Davidson
D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006272:Health Facility Environment; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000523:psychology*; D010465:Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017132:Workplace
mainland China; nursing; professional practice environment