Regulation of mRNA stability by ARE-binding proteins in synaptic plasticity and memory.
Formation of long-term memories requires coordinated gene expression, which can be regulated at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. Post-transcriptional stabilization and destabilization of mRNAs provides precise temporal and spatial regulation of gene expression, which is critical for consolidation of synaptic plasticity and memory. mRNA stability is regulated by interactions between the cis-acting elements of mRNAs, such as adenine-uridine-rich elements (AREs), and the trans-acting elements, ARE-binding proteins (AUBPs). There are several AUBPs in the nervous system. Among AUBPs, Hu/ELAV-like proteins and AUF1 are the most studied mRNA stabilizing and destabilizing factors, respectively. Here, we summarize compelling evidence for critical roles of these AUBPs in synaptic plasticity, as well as learning and memory, in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Furthermore, we also briefly review the deregulations of AUBPs in neurological disorders.
Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: yongseok@cau.ac.kr.
Yong-Seok
YS
Lee
Department of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea.
Jin-A
JA
Lee
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: kaang@snu.ac.kr.
Bong-Kiun
BK
Kaang
D000818:Animals; D051959:ELAV Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D000081035:Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D0; D034502:Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D057567:Memory, Long-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000235:genetics*; D020871:RNA Stability; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*
D051959:ELAV Proteins; C000630986:HNRNPD protein, human; D000081035:Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D0; D034502:Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D; D012333:RNA, Messenger
AUF1; ELAV; Long-term facilitation; Long-term potentiation; RNA-binding protein