Functional fluorescent nonporous silica nanoparticles as carriers for Pt(IV) anticancer prodrugs.
Multilayer fluorescent nonporous silica nanoparticles (SNPs) with an external shell containing primary amino groups were used as delivery systems for Pt(IV) candidate antitumor prodrugs. Spherical SNPs of three different sizes (diameter around 120, 100, and 50 nm) were loaded with two different complexes, namely (OC-6-33)-diamminebis(4-carboxybutanoato)dichloridoplatinum(IV) (1) and (OC-6-44)-diammine(4-carboxybutanoato)dichloridoethanolatoplatinum(IV) (2), through the formation of amide bonds between the pendant amino groups on SNPs and the free carboxylic groups of the complexes. Complex 1 proved to cause heavy and irreversible agglomeration of SNPs; likely, the presence of two reactive carboxylic functionalities induces the formation of cross-links between the amino-decorated SNPs. On the contrary, the conjugates 2-SNP, obtained from the monofunctionalized 2, afforded aqueous nano-suspensions reasonably stable toward aggregation. These solutions showed a limited Pt release in water in the absence of any reducing agents, mainly in form of a Pt(IV) derivative generated by the hydrolysis of the Si-O-Si bond of the functionalized arms attached to silica. In the presence of ascorbic acid, the reduction Pt(IV) → Pt(II) caused the release of the active metabolite cisplatin. Conjugates 2-SNP exhibited much better antiproliferative activity on the Pt-sensitive ovarian A2780 cell line than parent cisplatin and free 2, due to their more efficient cellular uptake.
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy. Electronic address: mauro.ravera@uniupo.it.
Mauro
M
Ravera
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
Elena
E
Perin
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
Elisabetta
E
Gabano
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
Ilaria
I
Zanellato
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
Guido
G
Panzarasa
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
Katia
K
Sparnacci
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
Michele
M
Laus
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
Domenico
D
Osella
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D011355:Prodrugs; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
Antiproliferative activity; Drug delivery; Enhanced permeability and retention effect; Nonporous silica nanoparticles; Pt(IV) prodrug