Resting state in Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies: commonalities and differences.
OBJECTIVE
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) are two dementias with overlapping phenotypes. Clinically, these are differentiated by the one-year precedence rule between the onset of dementia with respect to Parkinsonism. In this report we aimed to find differences between DLB and PDD in functional connectivity (FC) using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging, which we hypothesised would reflect the underlying pathological differences between DLB and PDD.


METHODS
The study cohort comprised of 18 patients with DLB, 12 with PDD and 17 healthy control (HC) groups. Eight cortical and four subcortical seeds were chosen, and time series extracted to estimate correlation maps. We also implemented a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis to assess regional grey matter differences. FC analysis was corrected for age, sex and regional grey matter differences.


RESULTS
The FC analysis showed greater alterations in DLB than in PDD for seeds placed within the fronto-parietal network (FPN), whilst in contrast, for the supplementary motor area seed FC alterations were more apparent in PDD than in DLB. However, when comparing DLB and PDD, no significant differences were found. In addition, VBM analysis revealed greater atrophy in PDD than HC and DLB in the bilateral motor cortices and precuneus respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
PDD and DLB demonstrate similar FC alterations in the brain. However, attention- and motor-related seeds revealed subtle differences between both conditions when compared with HC, which may relate to the neuropathology and chronological precedence of core symptoms in the Lewy body dementias.
Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.|Institute of Ageing, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Luis R
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3419-0792
LR
Peraza
Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Sean J
SJ
Colloby
Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Michael J
MJ
Firbank
Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
G Shirmin
GS
Greasy
Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Ian G
IG
McKeith
Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.|Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Marcus
M
Kaiser
Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.|Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
John
J
O'Brien
Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
John-Paul
JP
Taylor
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D020961:Lewy Body Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000473:pathology*
attention; cognitive fluctuations; default mode; fMRI; networks