Coffee Intake, Recurrence, and Mortality in Stage III Colon Cancer: Results From CALGB 89803 (Alliance).
OBJECTIVE
Observational studies have demonstrated increased colon cancer recurrence in states of relative hyperinsulinemia, including sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and increased dietary glycemic load. Greater coffee consumption has been associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes and increased insulin sensitivity. The effect of coffee on colon cancer recurrence and survival is unknown.


METHODS
During and 6 months after adjuvant chemotherapy, 953 patients with stage III colon cancer prospectively reported dietary intake of caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and nonherbal tea, as well as 128 other items. We examined the influence of coffee, nonherbal tea, and caffeine on cancer recurrence and mortality using Cox proportional hazards regression.


RESULTS
Patients consuming 4 cups/d or more of total coffee experienced an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for colon cancer recurrence or mortality of 0.58 (95% CI, 0.34 to 0.99), compared with never drinkers (Ptrend = .002). Patients consuming 4 cups/d or more of caffeinated coffee experienced significantly reduced cancer recurrence or mortality risk compared with abstainers (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.91; Ptrend = .002), and increasing caffeine intake also conferred a significant reduction in cancer recurrence or mortality (HR, 0.66 across extreme quintiles; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.93; Ptrend = .006). Nonherbal tea and decaffeinated coffee were not associated with patient outcome. The association of total coffee intake with improved outcomes seemed consistent across other predictors of cancer recurrence and mortality.


CONCLUSIONS
Higher coffee intake may be associated with significantly reduced cancer recurrence and death in patients with stage III colon cancer.
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Brendan J
BJ
Guercio
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Kaori
K
Sato
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Donna
D
Niedzwiecki
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Xing
X
Ye
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Leonard B
LB
Saltz
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Robert J
RJ
Mayer
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Rex B
RB
Mowat
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Renaud
R
Whittom
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Alexander
A
Hantel
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Al
A
Benson
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Daniel
D
Atienza
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Michael
M
Messino
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Hedy
H
Kindler
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Alan
A
Venook
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Frank B
FB
Hu
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Shuji
S
Ogino
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Kana
K
Wu
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Walter C
WC
Willett
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Edward L
EL
Giovannucci
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
Jeffrey A
JA
Meyerhardt
Brendan J. Guercio, Shuji Ogino, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard Medical School; Kaori Sato, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Frank B. Hu, Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino and Edward L. Giovannucci, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al Benson, Northwestern University; Hedy Kindler, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Daniel Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; and Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA. charles_fuchs@dfci.harvard.edu.
Charles S
CS
Fuchs
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002110:Caffeine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000379:methods; D003069:Coffee; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004032:Diet; D008019:Life Style; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013662:Tea
D002110:Caffeine; D003069:Coffee; D013662:Tea