The effect of differentiation agents on inflammatory and oxidative responses of the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH.
Obtaining a suitable experimental cellular model is a major problem for neuroscience studies. Neuroblastoma cell lines have been often applied in studies related to pathological disorders of nervous system. However, in the search for an ideal model, these cells must be differentiated to cancel their tumor character. The subsequent reactions that are caused by differentiation are not always indifferent to the same model. We evaluated the effect of two well known substances, used for SH-N-SK cell line differentiation, retinoic acid (RA) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), on the induction of pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative reactions in these cells. Cells differentiated with PMA were able to produce significantly higher amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines whereas the release of nitric oxide radicals was similar to that in undifferentiated cells. On the contrary, in RA-differentiated cells no significant changes in cytokine production were observed and the nitric oxide release was decreased. Additionally, the RA-differentiated neuronal model was more sensible to lipopolysaccharide stimulation, producing pro-inflammatory cytokines abundantly. These results suggest that RA-differentiated SH-N-SK cells provide a more suitable experimental model for the study of molecular and cellular mechanisms of the inflammation and oxidative stress in neuronal cells.
Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
Anna
A
Niewiarowska-Sendo
Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
Katarzyna
K
Patrzalek
Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
Andrzej
A
Kozik
Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
Ibeth
I
Guevara-Lora
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053179:Caspase 7 / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*; D010641:Phenotype; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000737:chemistry; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000737:chemistry
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D005609:Free Radicals; D009573:Nitrites; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014212:Tretinoin; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505520:CASP7 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053179:Caspase 7; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D010100:Oxygen