Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intracranial extension in the era of intensity-modulated radiotherapy: case-control study using propensity score matching method.
The objective of the study was to evaluate long-term survival outcomes and toxicity of T4 classification nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with intracranial extension (IE group) or without intracranial extension (non-IE group) after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using the propensity score matching method. After generating propensity scores given the covariates of age, sex, N classification, and concurrent chemotherapy, 132 patients in each group were matched. The 5-year local failure-free survival rate and the 5-year overall survival rate in the IE group were lower than the patients in the non-IE group (74.6 vs. 88.9 %, p = .008; 51.1 vs. 71.9 %, p = .005). Grade 2 hypothyroidism was more common in the IE group (13.2 vs. 3.4 %, p = .029). For patients with T4 classification NPC after IMRT, patients with intracranial extension need more attention to the thyroid gland function and are more likely to experience local failure and death than patients without intracranial extension.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.|Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.|Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China.
Cai-Neng
CN
Cao
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. jingweiluo2013@163.com.
Jing-Wei
JW
Luo
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Li
L
Gao
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Guo-Zhen
GZ
Xu
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Jun-Lin
JL
Yi
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Xiao-Dong
XD
Huang
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Su-Yan
SY
Li
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Jian-Ping
JP
Xiao
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Zhong
Z
Zhang
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D057216:Propensity Score; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000473:pathology; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
IMRT; Intracranial extension; Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; Survival; Toxicity