Recruitment of dorsal midbrain catecholaminergic pathways in the recovery from nerve injury evoked disabilities.
BACKGROUND
The periaqueductal gray region (PAG) is one of several brain areas identified to be vulnerable to structural and functional change following peripheral nerve injury. Sciatic nerve constriction injury (CCI) triggers neuropathic pain and three distinct profiles of changes in complex behaviours, which include altered social and sleep-wake behaviours as well as changes in endocrine function. The PAG encompasses subgroups of the A10 dopaminergic and A6 noradrenergic cell groups; the origins of significant ascending projections to hypothalamic and forebrain regions, which regulate sleep, complex behaviours and endocrine function. We used RT-PCR, western blots and immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase to determine whether (1) tyrosine hydroxylase increased in the A10/A6 cells and/or; (2) de novo synthesis of tyrosine hydroxylase, in a 'TH-naïve' population of ventral PAG neurons characterized rats with distinct patterns of behavioural and endocrine change co-morbid with CCI evoked-pain.


RESULTS
Evidence for increased tyrosine hydroxylase transcription and translation in the constitutive A10/A6 cells was found in the midbrain of rats that showed an initial 2-3 day post-CCI, behavioural and endocrine change, which recovered by days 5-6 post-CCI. Furthermore these rats showed significant increases in the density of TH-IR fibres in the vPAG.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data provide evidence for: (1) potential increases in dopamine and noradrenaline synthesis in vPAG cells; and (2) increased catecholaminergic drive on vPAG neurons in rats in which transient changes in social behavior are seen following CCI. The data suggests a role for dopaminergic and noradrenergic outputs, and catecholaminergic inputs of the vPAG in the expression of one of the profiles of behavioural and endocrine change triggered by nerve injury.
School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Sydney, C42, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe, NSW, 2141, Australia. david.mor@sydney.edu.au.
David
D
Mor
School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Sydney, C42, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe, NSW, 2141, Australia. jkan5634@uni.sydney.edu.au.
James W M
JW
Kang
School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. junkfreepete@gmail.com.
Peter
P
Wyllie
School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. vthiru@brizbrain.com.au.
Vignaraja
V
Thirunavukarasu
School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. hhou6530@uni.sydney.edu.au.
Hayden
H
Houlton
School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. paustin@anatomy.usyd.edu.au.
Paul J
PJ
Austin
School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. keay@anatomy.usyd.edu.au.
Kevin A
KA
Keay
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009417:Nerve Tissue / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010487:Periaqueductal Gray / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020127:Recovery of Function; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D002395:Catecholamines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase