Inflammatory Cytokine Profile Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the serum concentration of IL-6, IL-10, TNF, IL-8, resistin, and adiponectin in type 1 diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome and to determine the cut-off point of the estimated glucose disposal rate that accurately differentiated these groups.


METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of all patients in our type 1 diabetes clinic from January 2012 to January 2013. Patients were considered to have metabolic syndrome when they fulfilled the joint statement criteria and were evaluated for clinical, biochemical, and immunological features.


METHODS
We determined serum IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF with flow cytometry and adiponectin and resistin concentrations with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in patients with and without metabolic syndrome. We also compared estimated glucose disposal rate between groups.


RESULTS
We tested 140 patients. Forty-four percent fulfilled the metabolic syndrome criteria (n = 61), 54% had central obesity, 30% had hypertriglyceridemia, 29% had hypoalphalipoproteinemia, and 19% had hypertension. We observed that resistin concentrations were higher in patients with MS.


CONCLUSIONS
. We found a high prevalence of MS in Mexican patients with T1D. The increased level of resistin may be related to the increased fat mass and could be involved in the development of insulin resistance.
Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtémoc 330, Colonia Doctores, 06720 Mexico City, MEX, Mexico.
Aldo
A
Ferreira-Hermosillo
Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtémoc 330, Colonia Doctores, 06720 Mexico City, MEX, Mexico.
Mario
M
Molina-Ayala
Experimental Endocrinology Investigation Unit, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtémoc 330, Colonia Doctores, 06720 Mexico City, MEX, Mexico.
Claudia
C
Ramírez-Rentería
Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtémoc 330, Colonia Doctores, 06720 Mexico City, MEX, Mexico.
Guadalupe
G
Vargas
Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtémoc 330, Colonia Doctores, 06720 Mexico City, MEX, Mexico.
Baldomero
B
Gonzalez
Immunochemistry Medical Investigation Unit, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtémoc 330, Colonia Doctores, 06720 Mexico City, MEX, Mexico.
Armando
A
Isibasi
Immunochemistry Medical Investigation Unit, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtémoc 330, Colonia Doctores, 06720 Mexico City, MEX, Mexico.
Irma
I
Archundia-Riveros
Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtémoc 330, Colonia Doctores, 06720 Mexico City, MEX, Mexico.
Victoria
V
Mendoza
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000378:metabolism; D008800:Mexico; D015995:Prevalence; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D016207:Cytokines; C499624:RETN protein, human; D052243:Resistin; D005947:Glucose