Patient-Centered Outcomes and Revision Rate in Patients Undergoing ACL Reconstruction Using Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft Compared With Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Allograft: A Matched Case-Control Study.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether outcomes after ACL reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) autograft are similar to those of BPTB allograft, while controlling for graft, surgical technique, and surgeon.


METHODS
This study was approved by the institutional review board at The Vail Valley Medical Center in Vail, Colorado. Patients 18 to 70 years old who underwent primary ACL reconstruction were included. Patients in each group were matched by age and gender. Patient demographic data, surgical data, and subjective data were collected prospectively. Subjective questionnaires were administered at a minimum of 2 years after ACL reconstruction.


RESULTS
This study included 192 knees (191 patients; 143 male, 48 female; mean age, 33 years; range, 18 to 57 years), with 96 knees in each group. No autografts required ACL revision. The revision rate for allograft group was 14% (n = 11; mean age, 23 years; range, 18 to 40 years). Of 11 revisions, 9 (82%) were ≤25 years old. In allograft group, patients ≤25 years old were 23 times (95% confidence interval, 4.4 to 123.0) more likely to require revision ACL reconstruction than patients >25 years (P < .001). Follow-up was available for 87% of patients (n = 156/180). Mean follow-up time in the allograft group was 4.7 years (range, 2.0 to 9.8 years), and in the autograft group, 8.6 years (range, 2.0 to 16.2 years; P < .001). There was no significant difference between allografts and autografts for mean Lysholm (85.6 v 83.4; P = .43), mean Tegner (6.0 v 5.4; P = .09), or mean patient satisfaction (9.0 v 8.8; P = .57). Lysholm score correlated to Tegner (rho = 0.404; P < .001) and patient satisfaction with outcome (rho = 0.443; P ≤ .001). Tegner was correlated with age at surgery (rho = -0.274; P < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
There was no significant difference in patient-centered outcomes based on graft type; however, the allograft group required more revisions. Patient satisfaction was high for both groups. ACL reconstruction using BPTB autograft or allograft produces similar outcomes; however, revision rates were higher for allografts.


METHODS
Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Center for Outcomes-Based Orthopaedic Research, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.
J R
JR
Steadman
Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Center for Outcomes-Based Orthopaedic Research, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.. Electronic address: Lauren.Matheny@sprivail.org.
Lauren M
LM
Matheny
Joint Implant Surgeons Inc, Albany, Ohio, U.S.A.
Jason M
JM
Hurst
Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Center for Outcomes-Based Orthopaedic Research, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.
Karen K
KK
Briggs
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D064591:Allografts; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Q000379:methods*; D064592:Autografts; D050376:Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafting; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D065466:Lysholm Knee Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult