Abnormal Gamma Oscillations in N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Hypofunction Models of Schizophrenia.
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction in parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) inhibitory neurons (INs) may contribute to symptoms in patients with schizophrenia (SZ). This hypothesis was inspired by studies in humans involving NMDAR antagonists that trigger SZ symptoms. Animal models of SZ using neuropharmacology and genetic knockouts have successfully replicated some of the key observations in human subjects involving alteration of gamma band oscillations (GBO) observed in electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography signals. However, it remains to be seen if NMDAR hypofunction in PV+ neurons is fundamental to the phenotype observed in these models. In this review, we discuss some of the key computational models of GBO and their predictions in the context of NMDAR hypofunction in INs. While PV+ INs have been the main focus of SZ studies in animal models, we also discuss the implications of NMDAR hypofunction in other types of INs using computational models for GBO modulation in the visual cortex.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California. Electronic address: jadi@salk.edu.
Monika P
MP
Jadi
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California.
M Margarita
MM
Behrens
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Terrence J
TJ
Sejnowski
D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D059330:GABAergic Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D065818:Gamma Rhythm; D006801:Humans; D007395:Interneurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000378:metabolism; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology
D010320:Parvalbumins; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Computational models; Gamma oscillations; Inhibition; NMDA hypofunction; Parvalbumin; Schizophrenia