The Feasibility of Simultaneous Orthogonal Plane Imaging with Tilt for Short-Axis Evaluation of the Pulmonic Valve by Transesophageal Echocardiography.
Simultaneous orthogonal plane imaging with tilt enables the display of two 2D, real-time images and the evaluation of structures that cannot be seen by conventional single-plane transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) imaging. After a step-wise examination protocol, we used simultaneous orthogonal plane imaging to obtain the short-axis view of the pulmonic valve (PV) and assessed flow in both images simultaneously using color Doppler imaging in 100 consecutive patients undergoing intraoperative TEE. Our goals were to assess the ability of this technique to visualize all 3 leaflets of the PV, assess feasibility of planimetry to measure valve area, and assess flow using color Doppler imaging. All study images were obtained by anesthesiologists who are diplomates in Advanced Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography. All 3 leaflets of the PV were successfully visualized in the short-axis view in 65% of cases, 2 leaflets were visualized in 32% of cases, and only 1 leaflet could be imaged in 3%. The flow across the valve could be evaluated using color Doppler imaging in all cases. Planimetry for valve area was possible when all 3 leaflets were seen. It is important to inspect the PV during a routine TEE examination; however, the orientation of the PV in respect to the esophagus makes this evaluation challenging. We present a simple protocol to evaluate the PV in long-axis and short-axis views simultaneously that can potentially help evaluate for pathologies involving the PV.
From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia.
Sanjay
S
Dwarakanath
Manuel R
MR
Castresana
Amanda Y
AY
Behr
Mary E
ME
Arthur
D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D011664:Pulmonary Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*