Structural insights into the O2 reduction mechanism of multicopper oxidase.
Multicopper oxidases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyse the oxidation of various substrates via the reduction of O2 to H2O. The enzymes contain a common active centre consisting of four copper ions. The key component for O2 reduction is the trinuclear copper centre comprising one type II and a pair of type III copper ions. Although the crystal structures of many multicopper oxidases have been determined by X-ray crystallography, the geometric parameters in the trinuclear copper centre are different for each study. Recent studies have revealed that the redox state of copper ions is altered by X-ray irradiation. The reported crystal structures may represent mixtures of different stages of the catalytic reactions. In this review, we discuss recent findings related to the structure of the active site in multicopper oxidases.
Faculty of Education, Kagawa University, 1-1 Saiwai, Takamatsu, Kagawa 760-8522, Japan; RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan and komori@ed.kagawa-u.ac.jp.
Hirofumi
H
Komori
RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan and Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Koto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan hig@sci.u-hyogo.ac.jp.
Yoshiki
Y
Higuchi
D000818:Animals; D055162:Biocatalysis / Q000528:radiation effects; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D042845:Laccase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009572:Nitrite Reductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D014965:X-Rays
D003300:Copper; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D042845:Laccase; D009572:Nitrite Reductases
X-ray crystallography; laccase; multicopper oxidase; oxygen reduction; three-dimensional structure