Memory trace replay: the shaping of memory consolidation by neuromodulation.
The consolidation of memories for places and events is thought to rely, at the network level, on the replay of spatially tuned neuronal firing patterns representing discrete places and spatial trajectories. This occurs in the hippocampal-entorhinal circuit during sharp wave ripple events (SWRs) that occur during sleep or rest. Here, we review theoretical models of lingering place cell excitability and behaviorally induced synaptic plasticity within cell assemblies to explain which sequences or places are replayed. We further provide new insights into how fluctuations in cholinergic tone during different behavioral states might shape the direction of replay and how dopaminergic release in response to novelty or reward can modulate which cell assemblies are replayed.
School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK. Electronic address: LA.Atherton.2009@my.bristol.ac.uk.
Laura A
LA
Atherton
Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, OX1 3TH, UK.
David
D
Dupret
School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
Jack R
JR
Mellor
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D000069077:Memory Consolidation / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology
acetylcholine; dopamine; hippocampus; replay; sharp-wave ripples; synaptic plasticity