Dietary Lipids Inform the Gut and Brain about Meal Arrival via CD36-Mediated Signal Transduction.
Sensing mechanisms for nutrients, in particular dietary fat, operate in the mouth, brain, and gastrointestinal tract and play a key role in regulating feeding behavior and energy balance. Critical to these regulatory mechanisms are the specialized receptors present on taste buds on the tongue, on neurons in specialized centers in the brain, and on epithelial and enteroendocrine cells in the intestinal mucosa. These receptors recognize nutrients and respond by inducing intracellular signals that trigger release of bioactive compounds that influence other organs and help coordinate the response to the meal. Components of dietary fat that are recognized by these receptors are the long-chain fatty acids that act as ligands for 2 G protein-coupled receptors, GPR40 and GPR120, and the fatty acid (FA) translocase/CD36. Recent evidence that emphasizes the important role of CD36 in orosensory, intestinal, and neuronal sensing of FAs under physiologic conditions is highlighted in the review. How this role intersects with that of GPR120 and GPR40 in the regulation of food preference and energy balance is briefly discussed.
Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI ssundare@med.umich.edu.
Sinju
S
Sundaresan
Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; and.
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Abumrad
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D062407:Meals; D008954:Models, Biological; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D012528:Satiety Response; D015398:Signal Transduction
D018955:CD36 Antigens; D004041:Dietary Fats; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins
OEA; cAMP; calcium; cholecystokinin; chylomicron; fat taste; secretin