Pre-operative evaluation in pediatric patients with cortical dysplasia.
BACKGROUND
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is an important cause of refractory seizures and catastrophic epilepsy in infants and children who had epilepsy surgery.


OBJECTIVE
This manuscript will discuss age-related unique clinical characteristics in evaluation of infants and young children because the understanding of these age-related features is critical in selecting children who can benefit from epilepsy surgery. In addition, we will review the non-invasive tools available for the presurgical evaluation of children with FCD and their individual contribution to the formulation of the presurgical hypothesis.
Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave / S51, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. pestane@ccf.org.
Elia M
EM
Pestana Knight
Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave / S51, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Jorge
J
Gonzalez-Martinez
Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave / S51, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Ajay
A
Gupta
D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D054220:Malformations of Cortical Development / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D010372:Pediatrics; D011300:Preoperative Care
Epileptic syndrome; Epileptogenic zone; Focal cortical dysplasia; Pediatric epilepsy presurgical evaluation