Structure, importance and recording of therapeutic information in the medical record: a multicentre observational study.
OBJECTIVE
Structuring the diagnostic section of the medical record (MR) improves diagnosis and communication between doctors. However, little is known about the therapeutic section of the MR. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the extent to which MRs are structured for therapeutic information, to determine which therapeutic data registrars and clinical consultants consider should be recorded in the MR and to what extent registrars record this information themselves.


METHODS
A multicentre observational study was carried out in the internal medicine outpatient clinics of five teaching hospitals in the Netherlands. Preformatted structure, importance and actual recording of therapeutic information was compared with a reference list of 35 therapeutic items based on the WHO Guide to Good Prescribing (e.g. drug name, indication for drug).


RESULTS
The preformatted structure of four paper MRs and one electronic MR was assessed. Eight of the 35 therapeutic items were listed in the paper MRs and 18 items in the electronic MR. Registrars and consultants agreed on the importance of recording most of the therapeutic items in the MR, 25 and 27 out of the 35 items, respectively; however, registrars recorded only 11 of the 35 items in the paper MR and 20 of the 35 items in the electronic MR.


CONCLUSIONS
The structure and content of paper and electronic MRs are not adequate. While both registrars and consultants agree on the importance of recording therapeutic items in the MR, registrars fail to record most of this information in practice. The results of this study can be used as starting point for the discussion regarding the necessity of structured recording of therapeutic information in the MR and its possible benefits with regard to medication safety and training of the new generation of prescribers.
Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacotherapy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|RECIPE (Research & Expertise Center In Pharmacotherapy Education), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jelle
J
Tichelaar
Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacotherapy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|RECIPE (Research & Expertise Center In Pharmacotherapy Education), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Robert J
RJ
van Unen
Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacotherapy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|RECIPE (Research & Expertise Center In Pharmacotherapy Education), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
David J
DJ
Brinkman
Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacotherapy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Pieter H M
PH
Fluitman
Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacotherapy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|RECIPE (Research & Expertise Center In Pharmacotherapy Education), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Michiel A
MA
van Agtmael
Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacotherapy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|RECIPE (Research & Expertise Center In Pharmacotherapy Education), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Theo P G M
TP
de Vries
Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacotherapy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|RECIPE (Research & Expertise Center In Pharmacotherapy Education), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Milan C
MC
Richir
D004282:Documentation / Q000379:methods*; D057286:Electronic Health Records / Q000458:organization & administration; D055991:Health Records, Personal; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine; D009426:Netherlands; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital
medical record; pharmacotherapy; preformatted structure; prescribing; structuring; therapeutic information