Single-shot spectro-temporal characterization of XUV pulses from a seeded free-electron laser.
Intense ultrashort X-ray pulses produced by modern free-electron lasers (FELs) allow one to probe biological systems, inorganic materials and molecular reaction dynamics with nanoscale spatial and femtoscale temporal resolution. These experiments require the knowledge, and possibly the control, of the spectro-temporal content of individual pulses. FELs relying on seeding have the potential to produce spatially and temporally fully coherent pulses. Here we propose and implement an interferometric method, which allows us to carry out the first complete single-shot spectro-temporal characterization of the pulses, generated by an FEL in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range. Moreover, we provide the first direct evidence of the temporal coherence of a seeded FEL working in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range and show the way to control the light generation process to produce Fourier-limited pulses. Experiments are carried out at the FERMI FEL in Trieste.
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.|Laboratory of Quantum Optics, University of Nova Gorica, Nova, Gorica 5001, Slovenia.
Giovanni
G
De Ninno
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.
David
D
Gauthier
Laboratoire dOptique AppliquÂee, UMR 7639, ENSTA-CNRS-Ecole, France.
Benoît
B
Mahieu
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.
Primož Rebernik
PR
Ribič
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.
Enrico
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9570-6361
E
Allaria
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.
Paolo
P
Cinquegrana
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.
Miltcho Bojanov
MB
Danailov
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.
Alexander
A
Demidovich
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.|Università degli Studi di Trieste, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale Europa 1, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
Eugenio
E
Ferrari
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.|Theory GroupENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy.
Luca
L
Giannessi
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Penco
Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy.
Paolo
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6736-2821
P
Sigalotti
Laboratory of Quantum Optics, University of Nova Gorica, Nova, Gorica 5001, Slovenia.
Matija
M
Stupar