Safety, immunogenicity and infectivity of new live attenuated influenza vaccines.
Live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) are believed to be immunologically superior to inactivated influenza vaccines, because they can induce a variety of adaptive immune responses, including serum antibodies, mucosal and cell-mediated immunity. In addition to the licensed cold-adapted LAIV backbones, a number of alternative LAIV approaches are currently being developed and evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. This review summarizes recent progress in the development and evaluation of LAIVs, with special attention to their safety, immunogenicity and infectivity for humans, and discusses their perspectives for the future.
a Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 12 Acad. Pavlov Street, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Irina
I
Isakova-Sivak
Larisa
L
Rudenko
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D058873:Pandemics / Q000517:prevention & control; D014611:Vaccination; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated
immunogenicity; licensure criteria; live attenuated influenza vaccine; pandemic influenza; safety; seasonal influenza; vaccine virus shedding