Solvent-Free Click-Mechanochemistry for the Preparation of Cancer Cell Targeting Graphene Oxide.
Polyethylene glycol-functionalized nanographene oxide (PEGylated n-GO) was synthesized from alkyne-modified n-GO, using solvent-free click-mechanochemistry, i.e., copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The modified n-GO was subsequently conjugated to a mucin 1 receptor immunoglobulin G antibody (anti-MUC1 IgG) via thiol-ene coupling reaction. n-GO derivatives were characterized with Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Bradford assay, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Cell targeting was confirmed in vitro in MDA-MB-231 cells, either expressing or lacking MUC1 receptors, using flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and multiphoton (MP) fluorescence microscopy. Biocompatibility was assessed using the modified lactate dehydrongenase (mLDH) assay.
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Noelia
N
Rubio
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Kuo-Ching
KC
Mei
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Rebecca
R
Klippstein
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Pedro M
PM
Costa
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Naomi
N
Hodgins
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Julie Tzu-Wen
JT
Wang
Biomaterials, Biomimetics and Biophotonics Division, Dental Institute, King's College London , London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
Frederic
F
Festy
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Vincenzo
V
Abbate
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Robert C
RC
Hider
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Ka Lung Andrew
KL
Chan
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
Khuloud T
KT
Al-Jamal
D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D057930:Click Chemistry / Q000379:methods*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004705:Endocytosis; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
D018396:Mucin-1; D010087:Oxides; D012997:Solvents; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006108:Graphite
antibody; breast cancer; drug delivery; nanomedicine; toxicity