Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anticholinesterase Activities of Smallanthus sonchifolius Landraces and Correlation with Their Phytochemical Profiles.
The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile of leaf methanol extracts of fourteen Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) landraces and their antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antidiabetic activities that could lead to the finding of more effective agents for the treatment and management of Alzheimer's disease and diabetes. For this purpose, antioxidant activity was assessed using different tests: ferric reducing ability power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (˙NO) and superoxide (O2˙-) scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. Anticholinesterase activity was investigated by quantifying the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities, whereas antidiabetic activity was investigated by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition tests. To understand the contribution of metabolites, phytochemical screening was also performed by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) system. Among all, methanol extract of PER09, PER04 and ECU44 landraces exhibited the highest relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI). ECU44 was found to be rich in 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) and 3,5-di-O-CQA and displayed a good α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, showing the lowest IC50 values. Flavonoids, instead, seem to be involved in the AChE and BChE inhibition. The results of this study revealed that the bioactive compound content differences could be determinant for the medicinal properties of this plant especially for antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.
Department of Science, Basilicata University, 85100 Potenza, Italy. daniela.russo@unibas.it.
Daniela
D
Russo
Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (REQUIMTE/LAQV), Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. valentao@ff.up.pt.
Patrícia
P
Valentão
Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (REQUIMTE/LAQV), Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. pandrade@ff.up.pt.
Paula B
PB
Andrade
Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic. fernandez@ftz.czu.cz.
Eloy C
EC
Fernandez
Department of Science, Basilicata University, 85100 Potenza, Italy. luigi.milella@unibas.it.
Luigi
L
Milella
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D000975:Antioxidants; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000516:alpha-Amylases
Smallanthus sonchifolius; anti-cholinesterase activity; anti-diabetic activity; antioxidant activity; phytochemical profile