Characterization of the phenolic fraction from Argentine wine and its effect on viability and polysaccharide production of Pediococcus pentosaceus.
OBJECTIVE
To qualitatively and quantitatively characterize a low molecular weight phenolic fraction (LMF) of Malbec wine from Cafayate, Argentina, and evaluate its effect on viability and exopolysaccharide production of Pediococcus pentosaceus 12p, a wine spoilage bacterium.


RESULTS
The phenolic compounds detected were, in general, comparable to data previously reported but hydroxycinnamic acids were detected at higher concentrations than determined in other studies. Addition of LMF at identical concentrations present in wine or a four times concentrated LMF mixture to a synthetic wine-like medium produced a diminution in bacterial viability and exopolysaccharide production in the supernatant culture. Transmission electron microscopy revealed damage of bacterial cell integrity after 96 h of incubation only in the presence of four times concentrated LMF.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the first time a low molecular weight phenolic fraction has been characterized in Cafayate wine and it has demonstrated a marked antimicrobial effect on an exopolysaccharide-producing wine spoilage bacterium.
Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. gstivala@fbqf.unt.edu.ar.
María Gilda
MG
Stivala
Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. tuly@fbqf.unt.edu.ar.
Margarita Beatriz
MB
Villecco
Laboratorio de Aromas y Sustancias Naturales, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), San Martín 3853, 5507, Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. mfanzone@mendoza.inta.gov.ar.
Martín
M
Fanzone
Laboratorio de Aromas y Sustancias Naturales, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), San Martín 3853, 5507, Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. vjofre@mendoza.inta.gov.ar.
Viviana
V
Jofré
Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. pedroaredes@fbqf.unt.edu.ar.
Pedro
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7130-4245
P
Aredes-Fernández
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010636:Phenols; D011134:Polysaccharides
Antimicrobial activity; Exopolysaccharide; Low molecular weight phenolic fraction; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Wine