Recognizing the impact of ambient air pollution on skin health.
Ambient air pollution is a known public health hazard that negatively impacts non-cutaneous organs; however, our knowledge regarding the effects on skin remains limited. Current scientific evidence suggests there are four mechanisms by which ambient air pollutants cause adverse effects on skin health: (i) generation of free radicals, (ii) induction of inflammatory cascade and subsequent impairment of skin barrier, (iii) activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and (iv) alterations to skin microflora. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview on ambient air pollutants and their relevant sources, and highlight current evidence of the effects on skin.
Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Mancebo
Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Wang
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D005740:Gases / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena
D000393:Air Pollutants; D005609:Free Radicals; D005740:Gases; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D052638:Particulate Matter; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon