Heparin/heparan sulfates bind to and modulate neuronal L-type (Cav1.2) voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels.
Our previous studies revealed that L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (Cav1.2 L-VDCCs) are modulated by the neural extracellular matrix backbone, polyanionic glycan hyaluronic acid. Here we used isothermal titration calorimetry and screened a set of peptides derived from the extracellular domains of Cav1.2α1 to identify putative binding sites between the channel and hyaluronic acid or another class of polyanionic glycans, such as heparin/heparan sulfates. None of the tested peptides showed detectable interaction with hyaluronic acid, but two peptides derived from the first pore-forming domain of Cav1.2α1 subunit bound to heparin. At 25 °C the binding of the peptide P7 (MGKMHKTCYN) was at ~50 μM, and that of the peptide P8 (GHGRQCQNGTVCKPGWDGPKHG) was at ~21 μM. The Cav1.2α1 first pore forming segment that contained both peptides maintained a high affinity for heparin (~23 μM), integrating their enthalpic and entropic binding contributions. Interaction between heparin and recombinant as well as native full-length neuronal Cav1.2α1 channels was confirmed using the heparin-agarose pull down assay. Whole cell patch clamp recordings in HEK293 cells transfected with neuronal Cav1.2 channels revealed that enzymatic digestion of highly sulfated heparan sulfates with heparinase 1 affects neither voltage-dependence of channel activation nor the level of steady state inactivation, but did speed up channel inactivation. Treatment of hippocampal cultures with heparinase 1 reduced the firing rate and led to appearance of long-lasting bursts in the same manner as treatment with the inhibitor of L-VDCC diltiazem. Thus, heparan sulfate proteoglycans may bind to and regulate L-VDCC inactivation and network activity.
Department of Drug Discovery - Validation, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova Italy.
Gianpiero
G
Garau
Department of Drug Discovery - Validation, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova Italy.
Paola
P
Magotti
Molecular Physiology Group, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany.
Martin
M
Heine
Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova Italy; Laboratory for Brain Extracellular Matrix Research, University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
Svetlana
S
Korotchenko
Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova Italy; Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Patricia Marie-Jeanne
PM
Lievens
Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Symbion, Fruebjergvej 3, Box 39, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Vladimir
V
Berezin
Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova Italy; Laboratory for Brain Extracellular Matrix Research, University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; Molecular Neuroplasticity Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), D 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Electronic address: alexander.dityatev@dzne.de.
Alexander
A
Dityatev
D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D016466:CHO Cells; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003412:Cricetulus; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019763:Heparin Lyase / Q000494:pharmacology; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D004110:Diltiazem; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D006493:Heparin; D019763:Heparin Lyase; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D014633:Valine; C419385:L-type calcium channel alpha(1C); C056639:2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid
Channel inactivation; Extracellular matrix; Heparan sulfate proteoglycans; L-type Ca(2+) channels; Neuron