Identification of stable QTLs for vegetative and reproductive traits in the microvine (Vitis vinifera L.) using the 18 K Infinium chip.
BACKGROUND
The increasing temperature associated with climate change impacts grapevine phenology and development with critical effects on grape yield and composition. Plant breeding has the potential to deliver new cultivars with stable yield and quality under warmer climate conditions, but this requires the identification of stable genetic determinants. This study tested the potentialities of the microvine to boost genetics in grapevine. A mapping population of 129 microvines derived from Picovine x Ugni Blanc flb, was genotyped with the Illumina® 18 K SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) chip. Forty-three vegetative and reproductive traits were phenotyped outdoors over four cropping cycles, and a subset of 22 traits over two cropping cycles in growth rooms with two contrasted temperatures, in order to map stable QTLs (Quantitative Trait Loci).


RESULTS
Ten stable QTLs for berry development and quality or leaf area were identified on the parental maps. A new major QTL explaining up to 44 % of total variance of berry weight was identified on chromosome 7 in Ugni Blanc flb, and co-localized with QTLs for seed number (up to 76 % total variance), major berry acids at green lag phase (up to 35 %), and other yield components (up to 25 %). In addition, a minor QTL for leaf area was found on chromosome 4 of the same parent. In contrast, only minor QTLs for berry acidity and leaf area could be found as moderately stable in Picovine. None of the transporters recently identified as mutated in low acidity apples or Cucurbits were included in the several hundreds of candidate genes underlying the above berry QTLs, which could be reduced to a few dozen candidate genes when a priori pertinent biological functions and organ specific expression were considered.


CONCLUSIONS
This study combining the use of microvine and a high throughput genotyping technology was innovative for grapevine genetics. It allowed the identification of 10 stable QTLs, including the first berry acidity QTLs reported so far in a Vitis vinifera intra-specific cross. Robustness of a set of QTLs was assessed with respect to temperature variation.
Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. clea.houel@hotmail.fr.|INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. clea.houel@hotmail.fr.
Cléa
C
Houel
Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. ratthaphon.chatbanyong@supagro.fr.|INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. ratthaphon.chatbanyong@supagro.fr.
Ratthaphon
R
Chatbanyong
INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. agnes.doligez@supagro.inra.fr.
Agnès
A
Doligez
Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. markus.rienth@changins.ch.|INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. markus.rienth@changins.ch.|Fondation Jean Poupelain, 30 rue Gâte Chien, F-16100, Javrezac, France. markus.rienth@changins.ch.|Changins, Haute Ecole de Viticulture et Oenologie, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland. markus.rienth@changins.ch.
Markus
M
Rienth
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 208, I-33100, Udine, Italy. serena.foria@uniud.it.
Serena
S
Foria
Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. nathalie.luchaire@supagro.fr.|Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LEPSE, F- 34060, Montpellier, France. nathalie.luchaire@supagro.fr.
Nathalie
N
Luchaire
INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. catherine.roux@supagro.inra.fr.
Catherine
C
Roux
INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. angelique.adiveze@supagro.inra.fr.
Angélique
A
Adivèze
Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. gilbert.lopez@supagro.fr.
Gilbert
G
Lopez
INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. marc.farnos@supagro.inra.fr.
Marc
M
Farnos
Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LEPSE, F- 34060, Montpellier, France. anne.pellegrino@supagro.fr.
Anne
A
Pellegrino
INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. patrice.this@supagro.inra.fr.
Patrice
P
This
INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. charles.romieu@supagro.inra.fr.
Charles
C
Romieu
Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France. laurent.torregrosa@supagro.fr.
Laurent
L
Torregrosa
D057231:Climate Change; D005638:Fruit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D012098:Reproduction; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*