The Antinociceptive and Antiinflammatory Properties of 3-furan-2-yl-N-p-tolyl-acrylamide, a Positive Allosteric Modulator of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Mice.
BACKGROUND
Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) facilitate endogenous neurotransmission and/or enhance the efficacy of agonists without directly acting on the orthosteric binding sites. In this regard, selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor type II PAMs display antinociceptive activity in rodent chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. This study investigates whether 3-furan-2-yl-N-p-tolyl-acrylamide (PAM-2), a new putative α7-selective type II PAM, attenuates experimental inflammatory and neuropathic pains in mice.


METHODS
We tested the activity of PAM-2 after intraperitoneal administration in 3 pain assays: the carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain, the complete Freund adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain, and the chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in mice. We also tested whether PAM-2 enhanced the effects of the selective α7 agonist choline in the mouse carrageenan test given intrathecally. Because the experience of pain has both sensory and affective dimensions, we also evaluated the effects of PAM-2 on acetic acid-induced aversion by using the conditioned place aversion test.


RESULTS
We observed that systemic administration of PAM-2 significantly reversed mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in inflammatory and neuropathic pain models in a dose- and time-dependent manner without motor impairment. In addition, by attenuating the paw edema in inflammatory models, PAM-2 showed antiinflammatory properties. The antinociceptive effect of PAM-2 was inhibited by the selective competitive antagonist methyllycaconitine, indicating that the effect is mediated by α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Furthermore, PAM-2 enhanced the antiallodynic and antiinflammatory effects of choline, a selective α7 agonist, in the mouse carrageenan test. PAM-2 was also effective in reducing acetic acid-induced aversion in the conditioned place aversion assay.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that the administration of PAM-2, a new α7-selective type II PAM, reduces the neuropathic and inflammatory pain sensory and affective behaviors in the mouse. Thus, this drug may have therapeutic applications in the treatment and management of chronic pain.
From the *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; †Experimental Animals Breeding and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; ‡Department of Biopharmacy, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Neuroengineering, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; §Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; and ‖Department of Medical Education, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, California.
Deniz
D
Bagdas
Katarzyna M
KM
Targowska-Duda
Jhon J
JJ
López
Edwin G
EG
Perez
Hugo R
HR
Arias
M Imad
MI
Damaj
D000178:Acrylamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000494:Allosteric Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor / Q000819:agonists* / Q000502:physiology*
C000593312:3-furan-2-yl-N-p-tolylacrylamide; D000178:Acrylamides; D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005663:Furans; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor