Preparation and characterization of green bricks using pharmaceutical industrial wastes.
This paper reports on recycling of industrial wastes (three pharmaceutical industrial sludges) into environmental friendly value-added materials. Stabilization/Solidification (S/S or bricks) process was applied to make a safer way for the utilization of pharmaceutical waste. The additives in this study include binders (cement, lime and bentonite) and strengthening material (pulverized fuel ash (PFA), silica fume and quarry dust) was used at different compositions. Bricks were cured for 28 days, and the following analysis-like compressive strength, leachability of heavy metals, mineralogical phase identity by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal behaviour by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) had done. All the bricks were observed to achieve the standard compressive strength as required for construction according to BIS standards. Metal concentration in the leachate has reached the dischargeable limits according to Brazilian standards. Results of this study demonstrate that production of bricks is a promising and achievable productive use of pharmaceutical sludge.
Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, 500 085, India.|Civil Engineering Department, Malla Reddy Engineering College, Hyderabad, 500 085, India.
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Yamuna Rani
Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, 500 085, India.|Civil Engineering Department, Malla Reddy Engineering College, Hyderabad, 500 085, India.
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Bhagawan
Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, 500 085, India. drvhimabindu@gmail.com.|Civil Engineering Department, Malla Reddy Engineering College, Hyderabad, 500 085, India. drvhimabindu@gmail.com.
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Himabindu
Department of Civil Engineering, JNTUH College of Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, 500 085, India.|Civil Engineering Department, Malla Reddy Engineering College, Hyderabad, 500 085, India.
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Venkateswara Reddy
Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, 500 085, India.|Civil Engineering Department, Malla Reddy Engineering College, Hyderabad, 500 085, India.
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Saritha
D019245:Compressive Strength; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis; D004345:Drug Industry; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry; D059027:Recycling / Q000379:methods; D012722:Sewage; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012722:Sewage
Compressive strength; Metal leachability; Pharmaceutical sludge; Solidification/Stabilization