Cytoprotective Effects of Lysophospholipids from Sea Cucumber Holothuria atra.
Lysophospholipids are important signaling molecules in animals and metazoan cells. They are widely distributed among marine invertebrates, where their physiological roles are unknown. Sea cucumbers produce unique lysophospholipids. In this study, two lysophospholipids were detected in Holothuria atra for the first time, lyso-platelet activating factor and lysophosphatidylcholine, with nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometric analyses. The lipid fraction of H. atra contained lyso-platelet activating factor and lysophosphatidylcholine, and inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis in the macrophage cell line J774A.1. The antioxidant activity of the lysophospholipid-containing lipid fraction of H. atra was confirmed with the oxygen radical absorbance capacity method. Our results suggest that the lysophospholipids from H. atra are potential therapeutic agents for the inflammation induced by oxidative stress.
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
Yoshifumi
Y
Nishikawa
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
Ayumi
A
Furukawa
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
Ikumi
I
Shiga
Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro Hokkaido, Japan.
Yoshikage
Y
Muroi
Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro Hokkaido, Japan.
Toshiaki
T
Ishii
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
Yayoi
Y
Hongo
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
Shunya
S
Takahashi
Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Tatsuya
T
Sugawara
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
Hiroyuki
H
Koshino
Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
Masao
M
Ohnishi
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D047332:Holothuria / Q000737:chemistry*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*
D008246:Lysophospholipids; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide