Residence in Proximity of an Iron Foundry and Risk of Lung Cancer in the Municipality of Trieste, Italy, 1995-2009.
We assessed the risk of lung cancer in people living near the iron foundry located within the city of Trieste, Northeastern Italy. Between 1995 and 2009, all incident cases of lung cancer and corresponding population were considered. A deposition model of the foundry-specific emissions of SO2 defined: "nearby", "urban", and "outlying" areas. Rate ratios (RRs) and annual percent changes (APCs) were computed. Among nearby residents, significantly increased risks of lung cancer were noted in men below age 75 years (RR = 1.35 vs. urban area; 95% CI: 1.03-1.77). In women, and in men aged 75 years or older, no significant RRs were observed. Conversely, people living in the outlying area appeared to be at lower risk than residents in the urban area- in all age groups, in men (RR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78-0.98) and in women (RR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62-0.88). Negative statistically significant APC was recorded in men living in urban areas (-2.6%), whereas in women APC significantly increased among those living in the urban area (+2.3%). Multiple interpretations for this observation are plausible, since several factors might have modified and/or confounded the risk of lung cancer, including air pollution from other sources and road traffic, occupational and smoking patterns.
SOC Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. epidemiology@cro.it.
Ettore
E
Bidoli
Istituto di Igiene ed Epidemiologia clinica, DSMB Università degli Studi di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. fabio.barbone@uniud.it.|DSM Università degli Studi di Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy. fabio.barbone@uniud.it.|SOC Igiene ed Epidemiologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. fabio.barbone@uniud.it.
Fabio
F
Barbone
Agenzia Regionale Protezione Ambientale, Friuli Venezia Giulia, 33057 Palmanova (UD), Italy. paolo.collarile@arpa.fvg.it.
Paolo
P
Collarile
Direzione Centrale Salute, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Servizio Regionale di Epidemiologia, 33100 Udine, Italy. francesca.valent@regione.fvg.it.
Francesca
F
Valent
Direzione Centrale Salute, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Servizio Regionale di Epidemiologia, 33100 Udine, Italy. loris.zanier@regione.fvg.it.
Loris
L
Zanier
Agenzia Regionale Protezione Ambientale, Friuli Venezia Giulia, 33057 Palmanova (UD), Italy. fulvio.daris@arpa.fvg.it.
Fulvio
F
Daris
SOC Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. agini@cro.it.
Andrea
A
Gini
SOC Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. birris@cro.it.
Silvia
S
Birri
SOC Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. serrainod@cro.it.|Registro Tumori del Friuli Venezia Giulia, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. serrainod@cro.it.
Diego
D
Serraino
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007501:Iron; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008669:Metallurgy; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons
D000393:Air Pollutants; D007501:Iron
air pollution; geocoded; iron foundry; lung cancer; northeastern Italy