Rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Crotalaria verrucosa leaves against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti: what happens around? An analysis of dragonfly predatory behaviour after exposure at ultra-low doses.
Aedes aegypti is a primary vector of dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease infecting 50-100 million people every year. Here, we biosynthesised mosquitocidal silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using the aqueous leaf extract of Crotalaria verrucosa. The green synthesis of AgNP was studied by UV-vis spectroscopy, SEM, EDX and FTIR. C. verrucosa-synthesised AgNPs were toxic against A. aegypti larvae and pupae. LC50 of AgNP ranged from 3.496 ppm (I instar larvae) to 17.700 ppm (pupae). Furthermore, we evaluated the predatory efficiency of dragonfly nymphs, Brachydiplax sobrina, against II and III instar larvae of A. aegypti in an aquatic environment contaminated with ultra-low doses of AgNP. Under standard laboratory conditions, predation after 24 h was 87.5% (II) and 54.7% (III). In an AgNP-contaminated environment, predation was 91 and 75.5%, respectively. Overall, C. verrucosa-synthesised AgNP could be employed at ultra-low doses to reduce larval population of dengue vectors enhancing predation rates of dragonfly nymphs.
a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
Kadarkarai
K
Murugan
a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
C P
CP
Sanoopa
a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
Pari
P
Madhiyazhagan
a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
Devakumar
D
Dinesh
a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
Jayapal
J
Subramaniam
a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
Chellasamy
C
Panneerselvam
a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
Mathath
M
Roni
a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
Udaiyan
U
Suresh
b Department of Environmental Biology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.
Marcello
M
Nicoletti
c Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah A
AA
Alarfaj
c Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
Murugan A
MA
Munusamy
d Department of Reproduction , National Research Institute for Child Health and Development , Tokyo , Japan.
Akon
A
Higuchi
e Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology , University Putra Malaysia , Seri Kembangan , Malaysia.
Suresh
S
Kumar
f Department of Agricultural Biotechnology , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
Haribalan
H
Perumalsamy
f Department of Agricultural Biotechnology , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
Young-Joon
YJ
Ahn
g Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.
Giovanni
G
Benelli
D000330:Aedes; D000818:Animals; D029864:Crotalaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D004199:Disease Vectors; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry; D007814:Larva; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009032:Mosquito Control; D063191:Odonata / Q000502:physiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011235:Predatory Behavior; D011679:Pupa; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry
D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012834:Silver
Arbovirus; Brachydiplax sobrina; EDX; FTIR; SEM; green synthesis; nanobiotechnologies