Gastric Electrical Stimulation and Sacral Electrical Stimulation: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study of Dual-Device Treatment.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to investigate sacral electrical stimulation (SES) and gastric electrical stimulation (GES) by comparing upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) symptoms and quality of life, before treatment and in the long term after treatment. We hypothesized that dual-device treatment would greatly improve upper and lower gastrointestinal and genitourinary symptoms, as well as quality of life.


METHODS
Fifty-four patients who underwent dual-device treatment (GES and SES) were enrolled in this study. Patients who had surpassed 24 months since the second-device insertion were included. Patients were evaluated before and after both devices were implanted and given a symptom questionnaire regarding their upper GI, lower GI, and GU symptoms and their quality of life.


RESULTS
With combined treatment, a statistically significant improvement was seen in upper GI, lower GI, and GU symptoms and quality of life. However, fecal incontinence and fecal urgency improvements did not reach statistical significance, likely due to the small sample size.


CONCLUSIONS
The implantation of two stimulators appears to be safe and effective to improve patients' quality of life for those with upper GI symptoms, bowel problems, and bladder dysfunction.
Division of Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. a0agra05@louisville.edu.
Anubhav
A
Agrawal
Division of Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. slfran12@louisville.edu.
Sean Lamar
SL
Francis
Division of Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. nicolette.deveneau@louisville.edu.
Nicolette Elizabeth
NE
Deveneau
St. Francis Women's Health Center, Federal Way, WA, USA. sjain@digestivehlth.com.
Shaily
S
Jain
White-Wilson Medical Center, Fort Walton Beach, FL, USA. cabrasle@white-wilson.com.
Christopher
C
Abrasley
GI Associates, Jackson, MS, USA. trippe.mcneese@gastrodocs.com.
Jason Trippe
JT
McNeese
University of Rochester Medical Center and Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA. shivangi_kothari@urmc.rochester.edu.
Shivangi T
ST
Kothari
University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA. clahr@umc.edu.
Christopher J
CJ
Lahr
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 550 S. Jackson Street, ACB A3L15, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. thomas.abell@louisville.edu.
Thomas L
TL
Abell
D000328:Adult; D003672:Defecation; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D018589:Gastroparesis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000294:innervation*; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013270:Stomach / Q000294:innervation*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014563:Urodynamics
Enterra®; Gastroparesis; Incontinence; Interstim®; Neurostimulator