INTRODUCTION OF PASTEURIZED/RAW COW'S MILK DURING THE SECOND SEMESTER OF LIFE AS A RISK FACTOR OF TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS.
OBJECTIVE
to demonstrate that type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in school children and adolescents is associated with the early introduction of pasteurized/raw cow's milk in the second semester of life.


METHODS
this non-probabilistic study included 150 subjects (75 patients and 75 controls), divided according to sex and age (range, 6 to 16 years). T1DM was considered to be a dependent variable, and pasteurized/ raw cow's milk (P/RCM) was considered to be an independent variable in the study. The statistical analyses included chi-squared test, odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals.


RESULTS
the subjects were 51% male, age 11 ± 3.2 years, and 80% were breastfed, 18% were exclusively breastfed, and 13% received pasteurized/raw cow's milk. The children receiving P/RCM had a higher risk of T1DM [OR, 3.9 (1.2-12.8)]. The presence of T1DM was three times higher in those consuming P/RCM vs. those receiving follow-up formula [RM, 3.2 (1.03-10.07)].


CONCLUSIONS
introducing pasteurized/raw cow's milk in the second semester of life increased by four times the likelihood of developing T1DM in children and adolescents.
Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara (Jalisco).. vasquez.garibay@gmail.com.
Edna F
EF
Villagrán-García
Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara (Jalisco).. erika26hurtado@gmail.com.
Erika F
EF
Hurtado-López
Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta 750, SL. Guadalajara, Jalisco.. vasquez.garibay@gmail.com.
Edgar M
EM
Vasquez-Garibay
Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara (Jalisco).. rogeliotroyo@hotmail.com.
Rogelio
R
Troyo-Sanromán
Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco (México).. liubaaguirre@yahoo.com.
Liuba M
LM
Aguirre-Salas
Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara (Jalisco).. alfredolarrosaharo@hotmail.com.
Alfredo
A
Larrosa-Haro
Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara (Jalisco).. ruthveronica84@hotmail.com.
Ruth V
RV
León-Robles
D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002417:Cattle; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D012307:Risk Factors
D001786:Blood Glucose