Modifications of perineuronal nets and remodelling of excitatory and inhibitory afferents during vestibular compensation in the adult mouse.
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are aggregates of extracellular matrix molecules surrounding several types of neurons in the adult CNS, which contribute to stabilising neuronal connections. Interestingly, a reduction of PNN number and staining intensity has been observed in conditions associated with plasticity in the adult brain. However, it is not known whether spontaneous PNN changes are functional to plasticity and repair after injury. To address this issue, we investigated PNN expression in the vestibular nuclei of the adult mouse during vestibular compensation, namely the resolution of motor deficits resulting from a unilateral peripheral vestibular lesion. After unilateral labyrinthectomy, we found that PNN number and staining intensity were strongly attenuated in the lateral vestibular nucleus on both sides, in parallel with remodelling of excitatory and inhibitory afferents. Moreover, PNNs were completely restored when vestibular deficits of the mice were abated. Interestingly, in mice with genetically reduced PNNs, vestibular compensation was accelerated. Overall, these results strongly suggest that temporal tuning of PNN expression may be crucial for vestibular compensation.
Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.|Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
Alessio
A
Faralli
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
Federico
F
Dagna
Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.|Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
Andrea
A
Albera
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Yoko
Y
Bekku
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Toshitaka
T
Oohashi
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
Roberto
R
Albera
Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.|Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
Ferdinando
F
Rossi
Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy. daniela.carulli@unito.it.|Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy. daniela.carulli@unito.it.
Daniela
D
Carulli
D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000293:injuries; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D004856:Postural Balance; D020127:Recovery of Function; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D050495:Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014726:Vestibular Nuclei / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000099249:Proteoglycan Link Protein
D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; D050495:Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins; C480570:Hapln4 protein, mouse; D000099249:Proteoglycan Link Protein; C493477:Slc17a6 protein, mouse; C493465:Slc17a7 protein, mouse; C492244:Viaat protein, mouse
Axonal plasticity; Bral2; Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans; Perineuronal nets; Vestibular compensation; Vestibular nuclei