The efficacy of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression: A meta-analysis update.
OBJECTIVE
The efficacy of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) for depression is debated. Recently, a number of large-scale and high-quality studies have been conducted. We examined the efficacy of STPP by updating our 2010 meta-analysis.


RESULTS
After a thorough literature search, 54 studies (33 randomized clinical trials) totaling 3946 subjects were included. STPP was significantly more effective than control conditions at post-treatment on depression, general psychopathology and quality of life measures (d=0.49 to 0.69). STPP pre-treatment to post-treatment changes (d=0.57 to 1.18) indicated significant improvements on all outcome measures, which either significantly improved further (d=0.20 to 1.04) or were maintained from post-treatment to follow-up. No significant differences were found between individual STPP and other psychotherapies at post-treatment (d=-0.14) and follow-up (d=-0.06) in analyses that were adequately powered to detect a clinically relevant difference. STPP was significantly more efficacious than other psychotherapies on anxiety measures at both post-treatment (d=0.35) and follow-up (d=0.76).


CONCLUSIONS
We found clear indications that STPP is effective in the treatment of depression in adults. Although more high-quality studies are needed, particularly to assess the efficacy of STPP compared to control conditions at follow-up and to antidepressants, these findings add to the evidence-base of STPP for depression.
VU University Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University and VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: e.driessen@vu.nl.
Ellen
E
Driessen
VU University Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Lisa M
LM
Hegelmaier
Dalhousie University, Centre for Emotions and Health, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Allan A
AA
Abbass
Adelphi University, The Derner Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies, NY, USA.
Jacques P
JP
Barber
VU University Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jack J M
JJ
Dekker
Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Henricus L
HL
Van
VU University Amsterdam, University Library, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Elise P
EP
Jansma
VU University Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University and VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Pim
P
Cuijpers
D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D064889:Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic / Q000379:methods*
Depression; Efficacy; Meta-analysis; STPP; Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy