Evaluation of antioxidant and neuroprotective effect of Hippophae rhamnoides (L.) on oxidative stress induced cytotoxicity in human neural cell line IMR32.
OBJECTIVE
Hippophae rhamnoides is an edible, nutrient rich plant found in the northern regions of India. It belongs to the family Elaeagnaceae and is well known for its traditional pharmacological activities. The present study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of H. rhamnoides.


METHODS
The hydroalcoholic extract of H. rhamnoides was evaluated for free radical scavenging activity using DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging and ferric thiocyanate assays. In vitro neuroprotective activity was assessed on human neuroblastoma cell line-IMR32 against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced cytotoxicity. The neuroprotective effect was determined by measuring the cell viability through tetrazolium dye MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) reducing assay and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Also the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity was assessed using dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) assay by flowcytometer.


RESULTS
The results of the study demonstrated that H. rhamnoides extract possesses potential free radical scavenging activity. The IC50 value for DPPH and OH radical scavenging assay was 70.92 μg/ml and 0.463 mg/ml, also the extract was also found to have considerable level of lipid peroxidation activity. The neuroprotective effect of H. rhamnoides was confirmed by its cell viability enhancing capacity against hydrogen peroxide induced cell cytotoxicity. The extract acted on IMR32 cells in a dose dependent manner as observed through PI and MTT assays. The percentage intracellular ROS activity was reduced by 60-70% in treated cells compared to H2O2 control.


CONCLUSIONS
Thus the outcome of the study suggests that H. rhamnoides acts as a neuroprotectant against oxidative stress induced neurodegeneration.
Interdisciplinary School of Indian System of Medicine, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India.
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Shivapriya
Interdisciplinary School of Indian System of Medicine, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India.
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Ilango
Interdisciplinary School of Indian System of Medicine, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India ; Department of Kriya Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P 221005, India.
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Dubey
Cell viability; Cytotoxicity; Hippophae rhamnoides; Human neural cell line; Neuroprotective; Oxidative stress