Improvement in Touch Sensation after Stroke is Associated with Resting Functional Connectivity Changes.
BACKGROUND
Distributed brain networks are known to be involved in facilitating behavioral improvement after stroke, yet few, if any, studies have investigated the relationship between improved touch sensation after stroke and changes in functional brain connectivity.


OBJECTIVE
We aimed to identify how recovery of somatosensory function in the first 6 months after stroke was associated with functional network changes as measured using resting-state connectivity analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.


METHODS
Ten stroke survivors underwent clinical testing and resting-state fMRI scans at 1 and 6 months post-stroke. Ten age-matched healthy participants were included as controls.


RESULTS
Patients demonstrated a wide range of severity of touch impairment 1 month post-stroke, followed by variable improvement over time. In the stroke group, significantly stronger interhemispheric functional correlations between regions of the somatosensory system, and with visual and frontal areas, were found at 6 months than at 1 month post-stroke. Clinical improvement in touch discrimination was associated with stronger correlations at 6 months between contralesional secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) and inferior parietal cortex and middle temporal gyrus, and between contralesional thalamus and cerebellum.


CONCLUSIONS
The strength of connectivity between somatosensory regions and distributed brain networks, including vision and attention networks, may change over time in stroke survivors with impaired touch discrimination. Connectivity changes from contralesional SII and contralesional thalamus are associated with improved touch sensation at 6 months post-stroke. These functional connectivity changes could represent future targets for therapy.
Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke Division, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
Louise C
LC
Bannister
School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
Sheila G
SG
Crewther
Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke Division, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Defence Science and Technology Organisation , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
Maria
M
Gavrilescu
Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke Division, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
Leeanne M
LM
Carey
intrinsic functional connectivity; magnetic resonance imaging; neuronal plasticity; somatosensory disorders; stroke recovery; tactile