Optical coherence tomography and pathological myopia: an update of the literature.
The purpose of this paper is to give an updated review of the last clinical entities in pathological myopia proposed by means of new generation optical coherence tomography (OCT), including enhanced depth imaging (EDI-OCT) and swept source OCT (SS-OCT). PubMed and Google engine search were carried out using the terms "pathological myopia" associated with "coherence tomography," "enhanced depth imaging," and "swept source OCT." Latest publications up to Jan 2015 about myopia-related complications, including open-angle chronic glaucoma, peripapillary retinal changes, acquired macular diseases, and choroidal neovascularization, have been reviewed. New OCT technologies have led to a greater insight in pathophysiology of high-grade myopia. However, further investigation is needed in order to prevent irreversible visual loss and optic nerve damage.
Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy. cicinelli.mariavittoria@hsr.it.
Maria Vittoria
MV
Cicinelli
Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Luisa
L
Pierro
Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Marco
M
Gagliardi
Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Francesco
F
Bandello
D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis; D047728:Myopia, Degenerative / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*
Dome-shaped macula; Myopic CNV; Myopic macular hole; Optical coherence tomography; Pathologic myopia