Sound transmission in porcine thorax through airway insonification.
Many pulmonary injuries and pathologies may lead to structural and functional changes in the lungs resulting in measurable sound transmission changes on the chest surface. Additionally, noninvasive imaging of externally driven mechanical wave motion in the chest (e.g., using magnetic resonance elastography) can provide information about lung structural property changes and, hence, may be of diagnostic value. In the present study, a comprehensive computational simulation (in silico) model was developed to simulate sound wave propagation in the airways, lung, and chest wall under normal and pneumothorax conditions. Experiments were carried out to validate the model. Here, sound waves with frequency content from 50 to 700 Hz were introduced into airways of five porcine subjects via an endotracheal tube, and transmitted waves were measured by scanning laser Doppler vibrometry at the chest wall surface. The computational model predictions of decreased sound transmission with pneumothorax were consistent with experimental measurements. The in silico model can also be used to visualize wave propagation inside and on the chest wall surface for other pulmonary pathologies, which may help in developing and interpreting diagnostic procedures that utilize sound and vibration.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St, 2039 ERF, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA. ypeng6@uic.edu.
Ying
Y
Peng
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St, 2039 ERF, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
Zoujun
Z
Dai
University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.|Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA.
Hansen A
HA
Mansy
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St, 2039 ERF, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
Brian M
BM
Henry
University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.|Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA.
Richard H
RH
Sandler
Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
Robert A
RA
Balk
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St, 2039 ERF, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
Thomas J
TJ
Royston
D000054:Acceleration; D000162:Acoustics; D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000503:physiopathology; D013016:Sound; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013909:Thorax / Q000502:physiology*
Animal modeling; Computational modeling; Lung acoustics; Pneumothorax; Sound transmission