Biomineralization processes of calcite induced by bacteria isolated from marine sediments.
Biomineralization is a known natural phenomenon associated with a wide range of bacterial species. Bacterial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation by marine isolates was investigated in this study. Three genera of ureolytic bacteria, Sporosarcina sp., Bacillus sp. and Brevundimonas sp. were observed to precipitate calcium carbonate minerals. Of these species, Sporosarcina sp. dominated the cultured isolates. B. lentus CP28 generated higher urease activity and facilitated more efficient precipitation of calcium carbonate at 3.24 ± 0.25 × 10(-4) mg/cell. X-ray diffraction indicated that the dominant calcium carbonate phase was calcite. Scanning electron microscopy showed that morphologies of the minerals were dominated by cubic, rhombic and polygonal plate-like crystals. The dynamic process of microbial calcium carbonate precipitation revealed that B. lentus CP28 precipitated calcite crystals through the enzymatic hydrolysis of urea, and that when ammonium ion concentrations reached 746 mM and the pH reached 9.6, that favored calcite precipitation at a higher level of 96 mg/L. The results of this research provide evidence that a variety of marine bacteria can induce calcium carbonate precipitation, and may influence the marine carbonate cycle in natural environments.
China University of Geosciences, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China.
Shiping
S
Wei
China University of Geosciences, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China.
Hongpeng
H
Cui
China University of Geosciences, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China.
Zhenglong
Z
Jiang
China University of Geosciences, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China.
Hao
H
Liu
China University of Geosciences, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China.
Hao
H
He
China University of Geosciences, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China, School of Marine Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China.
Nianqiao
N
Fang
D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D001407:Bacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000378:metabolism*; D042063:Caulobacteraceae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D058644:Sporosarcina / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014508:Urea; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
calcite; calcium carbonate precipitation; marine bacteria; urease