Estimating usual intakes mainly affects the micronutrient distribution among infants, toddlers and pre-schoolers from the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey.
OBJECTIVE
To compare estimates from one day with usual intake estimates to evaluate how the adjustment for within-person variability affected nutrient intake and adequacy in Mexican children.


METHODS
In order to obtain usual nutrient intakes, the National Cancer Institute's method was used to correct the first 24 h dietary recall collected in the entire sample (n 2045) with a second 24 h recall collected in a sub-sample (n 178). We computed estimates of one-day and usual intakes of total energy, fat, Fe, Zn and Na.


METHODS
2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey.


METHODS
A total of 2045 children were included: 0-5·9 months old (n 182), 6-11·9 months old (n 228), 12-23·9 months old (n 537) and 24-47·9 months old (n 1098). From these, 178 provided an additional dietary recall.


RESULTS
Although we found small or no differences in energy intake (kJ/d and kcal/d) between one-day v. usual intake means, the prevalence of inadequate and excessive energy intake decreased somewhat when using measures of usual intake relative to one day. Mean fat intake (g/d) was not different between one-day and usual intake among children >6 months old, but the prevalence of inadequate and excessive fat intake was overestimated among toddlers and pre-schoolers when using one-day intake (P6 months.


CONCLUSIONS
There was overall low variability in energy and fat intakes but higher for micronutrients. Because the usual intake distributions are narrower, the prevalence of inadequate/excessive intakes may be biased when estimating nutrient adequacy if one day of data is used.
1Department of Nutrition,Gillings School of Global Public Health,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Carolina Population Center,137 East Franklin Street,Room 6311,Chapel Hill,NC 27516-3997,USA.
Carmen
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-922X
C
Piernas
2Carolina Population Center,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,NC,USA.
Donna R
DR
Miles
3Nestle Infant Nutrition Global R&D,Florham Park,NJ,USA.
Denise M
DM
Deming
3Nestle Infant Nutrition Global R&D,Florham Park,NJ,USA.
Kathleen C
KC
Reidy
1Department of Nutrition,Gillings School of Global Public Health,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Carolina Population Center,137 East Franklin Street,Room 6311,Chapel Hill,NC 27516-3997,USA.
Barry M
BM
Popkin
D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
D004041:Dietary Fats; D018977:Micronutrients
Children; Nutrient adequacy; Usual intake; Variability