Expert-novice differences in SMR activity during dart throwing.
Previous evidence suggests that augmented sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) activity is related to the superior regulation of processing cognitive-motor information in motor performance. However, no published studies have examined the relationship between SMR and performance in precision sports; thus, this study examined the relationship between SMR activity and the level of skilled performance in tasks requiring high levels of attention (e.g., dart throwing). We hypothesized that skilled performance would be associated with higher SMR activity. Fourteen dart-throwing experts and eleven novices were recruited. Participants were requested to perform 60 dart throws while EEG was recorded. The 2(Group: Expert, Novice)×2(Time window: -2000 ms to -1000 ms, -1000 ms to 0 ms) ANOVA showed that the dart-throwing experts maintained a relatively higher SMR power than the novices before dart release. These results suggest that SMR might reflect the adaptive regulation of cognitive-motor processing during the preparatory period.
Cluster of Excellence Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC), Bielefeld University, Inspiration 1, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany. Electronic address: ming-yang.cheng@uni-bielefeld.de.
Ming-Yang
MY
Cheng
Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da'an Dist., Taipei City 106, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: musehung@gmail.com.
Chiao-Ling
CL
Hung
Graduate Institute of Sport Pedagogy, University of Taipei, No. 101, Section 2, Zhongcheng Rd., Shilin District, Taipei City 111, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: crhwang@tpec.edu.tw.
Chung-Ju
CJ
Huang
Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Township, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: yukaichangnew@gmail.com.
Yu-Kai
YK
Chang
Department of Kinesiology University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA. Electronic address: llo@umd.edu.
Li-Chuan
LC
Lo
Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da'an Dist., Taipei City 106, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: supertlor@gmail.com.
Cheng
C
Shen
Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da'an Dist., Taipei City 106, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: ernesthungkimo@yahoo.com.tw.
Tsung-Min
TM
Hung
D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes / Q000523:psychology*; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000523:psychology*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D000068957:Games, Recreational / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
Attention; EEG; Efficiency; Precision sports; Sensorimotor rhythm