FIZZ1-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation from adipocytes and its potential role in dermal fibrosis and lipoatrophy.
Subcutaneous lipoatrophy characteristically accompanies dermal fibrosis with de novo emergence of myofibroblasts such as in systemic sclerosis or scleroderma. Recently dermal adipocytes were shown to have the capacity to differentiate to myofibroblasts in an animal model. Transforming growth factor β can induce this phenomenon in vitro; however its in vivo significance is unclear. Because found in inflammatory zone 1 (FIZZ1) is an inducer of myofibroblast differentiation but an inhibitor of adipocyte differentiation, we investigated its potential role in adipocyte transdifferentiation to myofibroblast in dermal fibrosis. FIZZ1 caused significant and rapid suppression of the expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in adipocytes, consistent with dedifferentiation with loss of lipid and Oil Red O staining. The suppression was accompanied subsequently with stimulation of α-smooth muscle actin and type I collagen expression, indicative of myofibroblast differentiation. In vivo FIZZ1 expression was significantly elevated in the murine bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis model, which was associated with significant reduction in adipocyte marker gene expression and subcutaneous lipoatrophy. Finally, FIZZ1 knockout mice exhibited significantly reduced bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis with greater preservation of the subcutaneous fat than wild-type mice. These findings suggested that the FIZZ1 induction of adipocyte transdifferentiation to myofibroblast might be a key pathogenic mechanism for the accumulation of myofibroblasts in dermal fibrosis.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Vanessa
V
Martins
Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Francina
F
Gonzalez De Los Santos
Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Zhe
Z
Wu
Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Vera
V
Capelozzi
Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: shphan@umich.edu.
Sem H
SH
Phan
Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: tianliu@umich.edu.
Tianju
T
Liu
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D054338:Cell Transdifferentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D058628:Myofibroblasts / Q000473:pathology*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C413576:Retnla protein, mouse