Gastric bypass-induced weight loss alters obesity-associated patterns of plasma pentraxin-3 and systemic inflammatory markers.
BACKGROUND
Systemic inflammation contributes to obesity-associated complications. The short pentraxin C-reactive protein (CRP) is a validated inflammatory marker, whereas long pentraxin-3 (PTX3) limits inflammation and is adaptively stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines in vitro. Severely obese (SO) patients (body mass index [BMI]>40] have the highest obesity-associated complications and increasingly undergo surgical treatment. SO-associated changes in plasma PTX3 and their interactions with systemic inflammation are, however, unknown.


OBJECTIVE
We sought to determine potential alterations in plasma PTX3 and their associations with changes in inflammatory markers before and after weight loss induced by laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB).


METHODS
University hospital in Trieste, Italy.


METHODS
Plasma PTX3, CRP, and cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 were measured in (1) 24 individuals with severe, class III obesity (SO; age = 42 ± 1 yr, female/male = 18/6, BMI = 45 ± 1 kg/m(2)) before and 3, 6, and 12 months after LRYGB; and (2) age- and sex-matched normal-weight (N; n = 56, BMI = 22 ± .2 kg/m(2)) or class I obese individuals (O; n = 44, BMI = 31.2 ± .3 kg/m(2)).


RESULTS
SO, but not O, had higher plasma PTX3 compared with N, associated with highest proinflammatory cytokines and CRP (P<.05 versus N-O). In all patients, plasma interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α were associated positively with PTX3 (P<.05). Plasma CRP and proinflammatory cytokines declined during LRYGB-induced weight loss. In contrast, high PTX3 further increased and remained elevated (P<.05 versus basal).


CONCLUSIONS
Obesity level and energy balance modulate interactions between PTX3 and systemic inflammation. Elevated PTX3 is a novel, potentially adaptive alteration associated with proinflammatory cytokines in SO. Their differential changes conversely suggest circulating PTX3 as a novel negative inflammatory marker in SO undergoing LRYGB-induced weight loss.
Internal Medicine, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy. Electronic address: barazzon@units.it.
Rocco
R
Barazzoni
General Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Silvia
S
Palmisano
Internal Medicine, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Gianluca
G
Gortan Cappellari
General Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Michela
M
Giuricin
General Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Elisa
E
Moretti
Internal Medicine, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Pierandrea
P
Vinci
Internal Medicine, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Annamaria
A
Semolic
Internal Medicine, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Gianfranco
G
Guarnieri
Internal Medicine, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Michela
M
Zanetti
General Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, and Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti," Trieste, Italy.
Nicolò de
Nd
Manzini
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism*; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*; D000099153:Pentraxins
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D000099153:Pentraxins
Inflammation; LRYGB; Obesity; Pentraxin-3