Reproductive Patterns in the Non-Breeding Season in Asinina de Miranda Jennies.
This study aims to characterize the reproductive patterns in Asinina de Miranda jennies during the non-breeding season. Reproductive activity was surveyed in 12 females, aged between 3 and 18 years old, using ultrasound and teasing with a jack. The animals were monitored from September to April, six in each consecutive year. Of these 12 females, nine showed disruption to the normal pattern of ovarian activity during the non-breeding season. Loss of normal cyclicity included anoestrus (41.7%), silent ovulatory oestrus (25%), and persistence of corpus luteum (8.3%). Only three females maintained a regular cyclic pattern with oestrous behaviour during the non-breeding season. Anoestrus began in early November and lasted for an average of 147 ± 28 days (113-191 days), ending near to the spring equinox. Onset of silent oestrous cycles began more erratically, between October and February. In both groups the first behavioural ovulation of the year occurred around the time of the spring equinox. Disrupted reproductive activity was preceded by a shorter oestrous cycle only in females entering anoestrus. The mean follicle size in the first ovulation of the year was larger than in the reproductive season (44.7 ± 2.45 mm vs 39.2 ± 3.60 mm) in anoestrous jennies with protracted oestrus. Though age and body condition score (BCS) were associated, changes in BCS below a threshold of four points (for anoestrus) and five points (for silent oestrus) contributed greatly to disruption of reproductive cycles. BCS in females with regular oestrous cycles during the winter season remained unchanged or exceeded five points prior to the winter solstice.
Hospital Veterinário, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.|Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.|Associação Para o Estudo e Proteção do Gado Asinino (AEPGA), Atenor, Portugal.
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Quaresma
Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
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Silva
Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
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http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5225-4510
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Payan-Carreira
D000780:Anestrus / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001823:Body Composition; D001947:Breeding; D018397:Equidae / Q000502:physiology*; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D011174:Portugal; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012621:Seasons; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D014463:Ultrasonography