Acute Toxicity and Dermal and Eye Irritation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of the Seeds of "Zapote" Pouteria mammosa (L.) Cronquist.
The common use of Pouteria mammosa (L.) Cronquist, "Mamey or Zapote," in food and ethnobotanic medicine shows its low or absent toxicity as fruit extracts prepared from seeds. However, it is essential to conduct security trials to scientifically support their use in drug therapy. This study evaluated the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract (25%) Acute Oral Toxicity, obtained from the seeds of P. mammosa, in Sprague Dawley rats and dermal and eye irritability in New Zealand rabbits. The 404 and 405 acute dermal and eye irritation/corrosion guidelines were used, as well as the 423 Acute Oral Toxicity guideline, Acute Toxic Class Method of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The aqueous extract was located in the following category: not classified as toxic (CTA 5), while hydroalcoholic extract at 25% was classified as dangerous (CTA 4). Both extracts can be used without side reaction that irritates the skin which permitted classification as potentially not irritant. P. mammosa in the two extracts caused mild and reversible eye irritation, and it was classified as slightly irritating.
Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365 Pavilhão Herman Lent, Sala 14, Térreo, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Bolsista com Financiamento CAPES/MES-Cuba Projeto 130/11, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil 4365, Secretaria Académica, Pavilhão Arthur Neiva, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Oriente, Patricio Lumumba y Avenida de Las Américas, 90500 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Carlos M S
CM
Dutok
Centro de Toxicología y Biomedicina, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, Autopista Nacional Km. 1.5, Apartado 4033, 90400 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Clara Azalea
CA
Berenguer-Rivas
Centro de Toxicología y Biomedicina, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, Autopista Nacional Km. 1.5, Apartado 4033, 90400 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Elizabeth
E
Rodríguez-Leblanch
Centro de Toxicología y Biomedicina, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, Autopista Nacional Km. 1.5, Apartado 4033, 90400 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Liliana
L
Pérez-Jackson
Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365 Pavilhão Herman Lent, Sala 14, Térreo, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Bolsista com Financiamento CAPES/MES-Cuba Projeto 130/11, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil 4365, Secretaria Académica, Pavilhão Arthur Neiva, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Oriente, Patricio Lumumba y Avenida de Las Américas, 90500 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Idelsy
I
Chil-Nuñez
Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Oriente, Patricio Lumumba y Avenida de Las Américas, 90500 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Julio César
JC
Escalona-Arranz
Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Oriente, Patricio Lumumba y Avenida de Las Américas, 90500 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Bernardo
B
Reyes-Tur
Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365 Pavilhão Herman Lent, Sala 14, Térreo, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Margareth M C
MM
Queiroz
D000438:Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032132:Pouteria / Q000737:chemistry*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
D000438:Alcohols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water