Lutein intake at the age of 1 year and cardiometabolic health at the age of 6 years: the Generation R Study.
Lutein is a carotenoid with strong antioxidant properties. Previous studies in adults suggest a beneficial role of lutein on cardiometabolic health. However, it is unknown whether this relation also exists in children; therefore, we aimed to assess the relation between lutein intake at 13 months of age and cardiometabolic outcomes at the age of 6 years. We included 2044 Dutch children participating in a population-based prospective cohort study. Diet was measured at 13 months of age with an FFQ. Lutein intake was standardised for energy and β-carotene intake. Blood pressure, anthropometrics, serum lipids and insulin were measured at the age of 6 years. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed to measure total and regional fat and lean mass. A continuous cardiometabolic risk factor score was created, including the components body fat percentage, blood pressure, insulin, HDL-cholesterol and TAG. Age- and sex-specific standard deviation scores were created for all outcomes. Multivariable linear regression was performed, including socio-demographic and lifestyle variables. Median (energy-standardised) lutein intake was 1317 mcg/d (95% range 87, 6069 mcg/d). There were no consistent associations between lutein intake at 13 months and anthropometrics and body composition measures at 6 years of age. In addition, lutein intake was not associated with a continuous cardiometabolic risk factor score, nor was it associated with any of the individual components of the cardiometabolic risk factor score. Results from this large population-based prospective cohort study do not support the hypothesis that lutein intake early in life has a beneficial role for later cardiometabolic health.
1Generation R Study Group,Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC,University Medical Center,3000 CA,Rotterdam,The Netherlands.
Elisabeth T M
ET
Leermakers
2Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC,University Medical Center,3000 CA,Rotterdam,The Netherlands.
Jessica C
JC
Kiefte-de Jong
2Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC,University Medical Center,3000 CA,Rotterdam,The Netherlands.
Albert
A
Hofman
1Generation R Study Group,Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC,University Medical Center,3000 CA,Rotterdam,The Netherlands.
Vincent W V
VW
Jaddoe
1Generation R Study Group,Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC,University Medical Center,3000 CA,Rotterdam,The Netherlands.
Oscar H
OH
Franco
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002657:Child Development; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D014975:Lutein / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000975:Antioxidants; D019207:beta Carotene; D014975:Lutein
Body composition; Cardiometabolic health; Carotenoids; Children; DBP diastolic blood pressure; Epidemiology; Lutein; SBP systolic blood pressure; SDS 
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