Alcohol Expectancies and Inhibition Conflict as Moderators of the Alcohol-Unprotected Sex Relationship: Event-Level Findings from a Daily Diary Study Among Individuals Living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa.
Literature from sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere supports a global association between alcohol and HIV risk. However, more rigorous studies using multiple event-level methods find mixed support for this association, suggesting the importance of examining potential moderators of this relationship. The present study explores the assumptions of alcohol expectancy theory and alcohol myopia theory as possible moderators that help elucidate the circumstances under which alcohol may affect individuals' ability to use a condom. Participants were 82 individuals (58 women, 24 men) living with HIV who completed daily phone interviews for 42 days which assessed daily sexual behavior and alcohol consumption. Logistic generalized estimating equation models were used to examine the potential moderating effects of inhibition conflict and sex-related alcohol outcome expectancies. The data provided some support for both theories and in some cases the moderation effects were stronger when both partners consumed alcohol.
Department of Community Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA. skiene@mail.sdsu.edu.|Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive (MC-4162), San Diego, CA, 92182, USA. skiene@mail.sdsu.edu.
Susan M
SM
Kiene
Human Sciences Research Council, Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health, Cape Town, South Africa.|Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Leickness C
LC
Simbayi
Department of Social Anthropology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Amber
A
Abrams
Human Sciences Research Council, Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health, Cape Town, South Africa.
Allanise
A
Cloete
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000523:psychology; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012931:Social Environment; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
Alcohol myopia; Alcohol outcome expectancies; Event-level; South Africa