The effect of various model parameters on enamel caries lesions in a dose-response model in situ.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this exploratory double-blinded, randomized, cross-over, in situ study was to compare the effects of various model parameters ('intervention', 'brushing', 'position') on enamel caries lesions in a dose-response model.


METHODS
In each of four experimental legs of four weeks 16 participants wore intraoral mandibular appliances with four 'plaque-retaining' and four 'easily cleanable' positioned pre-demineralized bovine enamel specimens in the vestibular flanges mimicking proximal and buccal surfaces, respectively (n=512). The four randomly allocated interventions (either application only or brushing) included the following dentifrices: AlF3 1360ppmF(-)+chlorhexidine 0.05% (Lacalut aktiv, LA1360), NaF 1,450ppmF(-)(Blend-a-Med ProExpert), NaF 500ppm F(-) and 0ppm F(-) as negative control (NC) (both experimental, based on Blend-a-Med ProExpert).


RESULTS
Differences in integrated mineral loss (ΔΔZ) and lesion depth (ΔLD) were calculated between values before and after the in situ period using transversal microradiography. Significant differences for ΔΔZ [adjusted mean (95% CI))] were found between NC, NaF500 and LA1360for both 'plaque-retaining' [-1830 (-2371;1289); -986 (-1530;442); -2 (-548;544)vol%×μm] as well as 'easily cleanable' specimens [-399 (-682; -116); -391 (-672; -110); -16 (-302;270)vol%×μm]. Values for NaF1450 revealed a similar dose-response as LA1360.Values for LA1360 and NaF1450 did not differ significantly (p>0.05; ANCOVA).
The design of the present in situ study was able to reveal a fluoride dose-response to hamper further demineralization of enamel specimens for 'easily cleanable' and 'plaque-retaining' sites being brushed or not. Particularly 'plaque-retaining' sites seem to be recommendable for measuring potential anticaries efficacy in situ.
Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
H
H
Meyer-Lueckel
Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany. Electronic address: rwierichs@ukaachen.de.
R J
RJ
Wierichs
Clinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universitätzu Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
B
B
Gninka
Clinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universitätzu Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
P
P
Heldmann
Clinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universitätzu Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
C E
CE
Dörfer
Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Assmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin.
S
S
Paris
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002417:Cattle; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible; D008875:Middle Aged; D010710:Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000188:drug therapy; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000379:methods
D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D010710:Phosphates; C012980:fluorophosphate; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides; D002710:Chlorhexidine
CHX; Chlorhexidine; Demineralization; Fluoride dose-response; In situ; Lacalutaktiv