Identification and characterization of transcript variants of chicken peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma regulates adipogenesis. The genomic structure of the chicken peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (cPPARγ) gene has not been fully characterized, and only one cPPARγ gene mRNA sequence has been reported in genetic databases. Using 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends, we identified five different cPPARγ mRNAs that are transcribed from three transcription initiation sites. The open reading frame analysis showed that these five cPPARγ transcript variants (cPPARγ1 to 5) could encode two cPPARγ protein isoforms (cPPARγ1 and cPPARγ2), which differ only in their N-terminal region. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that, of these five cPPARγ transcript variants, cPPARγ1 was ubiquitously highly expressed in various chicken tissues, including adipose tissue, liver, kidney, spleen and duodenal; cPPARγ2 was exclusively highly expressed in adipose tissue; cPPARγ3 was highly expressed in adipose tissue, kidney, spleen and liver; cPPARγ4 and cPPARγ5 were ubiquitously weakly expressed in all the tested tissues, and comparatively, cPPARγ5 was highly expressed in adipose tissue, heart, liver and kidney. The comparison of the expression of the five cPPARγ transcript variants showed that adipose tissue cPPARγ1 expression was significantly higher in the fat line than in the lean line from 2 to 7 wk of age (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Adipose tissue cPPARγ3 expression was significantly higher in the fat line than in the lean line at 3, 5 and 6 wk of age (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), but lower at 4 wk of age (P < 0.05). Adipose tissue cPPARγ5 expression was significantly higher in the fat line than in the lean line at 3, 4, and 6 wk of age (P < 0.01) and at 2 and 7 wk of age (P < 0.05). This is the first report of transcript variants and protein isoforms of cPPARγ gene. Our findings provided a foundation for future investigations of the function and regulation of cPPARγ gene in adipose tissue development.
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
Kui
K
Duan
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China.
Yingning
Y
Sun
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
Xiaofei
X
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China wangning@neau.edu.cn.
Tianmu
T
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
Wenjian
W
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
Jiyang
J
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
Guihua
G
Wang
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
Shouzhi
S
Wang
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
Li
L
Leng
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
Hui
H
Li
Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China wangning@neau.edu.cn.
Ning
N
Wang
D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D016415:Sequence Alignment
D030161:Avian Proteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; D020033:Protein Isoforms
PPARγ; adipose; chicken; transcript variant