Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured Ophicordyceps sinensis from different origins by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis. Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis. A total of 56 primary metabolites were identified and quantified from O. sinensis samples. The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia. Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups. The variation in metabolic profiling among artificial mycelia was greater than that among wild O. sinensis. Furthermore, wild samples from different origins were clearly distinguished by the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids. This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains. The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
Food and Health Engineering Research Center of State Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Jianshuang
J
Zhang
Food and Health Engineering Research Center of State Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Xin
X
Zhong
Food and Health Engineering Research Center of State Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Shaosong
S
Li
Food and Health Engineering Research Center of State Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; State Key Laboratory for Biological Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Guren
G
Zhang
Food and Health Engineering Research Center of State Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. Electronic address: lsslx@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Xin
X
Liu
D000409:Alanine / Q000378:metabolism; D032661:Cordyceps / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008353:Mannitol / Q000378:metabolism; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000378:metabolism; D014199:Trehalose / Q000378:metabolism
D008353:Mannitol; D013012:Sorbitol; D014199:Trehalose; D000409:Alanine; D006909:Hydroxyproline
Geographical origins; Metabolic profiling; NMR; Ophicordyceps sinensis