Diverse Reductive Dehalogenases Are Associated with Clostridiales-Enriched Microcosms Dechlorinating 1,2-Dichloroethane.
The achievement of successful biostimulation of active microbiomes for the cleanup of a polluted site is strictly dependent on the knowledge of the key microorganisms equipped with the relevant catabolic genes responsible for the degradation process. In this work, we present the characterization of the bacterial community developed in anaerobic microcosms after biostimulation with the electron donor lactate of groundwater polluted with 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA). Through a multilevel analysis, we have assessed (i) the structural analysis of the bacterial community; (ii) the identification of putative dehalorespiring bacteria; (iii) the characterization of functional genes encoding for putative 1,2-DCA reductive dehalogenases (RDs). Following the biostimulation treatment, the structure of the bacterial community underwent a notable change of the main phylotypes, with the enrichment of representatives of the order Clostridiales. Through PCR targeting conserved regions within known RD genes, four novel variants of RDs previously associated with the reductive dechlorination of 1,2-DCA were identified in the metagenome of the Clostridiales-dominated bacterial community.
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy ; Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Giuseppe
G
Merlino
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Annalisa
A
Balloi
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy ; Laboratory for Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Massimo
M
Marzorati
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Francesca
F
Mapelli
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Aurora
A
Rizzi
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Davide
D
Lavazza
Research Center for Non-Conventional Energy, Istituto Eni Donegani, Environmental Technologies, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy.
Francesca
F
de Ferra
Research Center for Non-Conventional Energy, Istituto Eni Donegani, Environmental Technologies, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy.
Giovanna
G
Carpani
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy ; Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Daniele
D
Daffonchio
D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002713:Chlorine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D000068016:Eubacteriales / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D005025:Ethylene Dichlorides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000382:microbiology*; D054879:Halogenation; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D064307:Microbiota / Q000502:physiology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013045:Species Specificity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
D005025:Ethylene Dichlorides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002713:Chlorine; C024565:ethylene dichloride; D006867:Hydrolases