Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analysis of Serum Samples following Curcuma longa Extract Supplementation in High-Fructose and Saturated Fat Fed Rats.
We explored, using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics and fatty acids profiling, the effects of a common nutritional complement, Curcuma longa, at a nutritionally relevant dose with human use, administered in conjunction with an unbalanced diet. Indeed, traditional food supplements have been long used to counter metabolic impairments induced by unbalanced diets. Here, rats were fed either a standard diet, a high level of fructose and saturated fatty acid (HFS) diet, a diet common to western countries and that certainly contributes to the epidemic of insulin resistance (IR) syndrome, or a HFS diet with a Curcuma longa extract (1% of curcuminoids in the extract) for ten weeks. Orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) on the serum NMR profiles and fatty acid composition (determined by GC/MS) showed a clear discrimination between HFS groups and controls. This discrimination involved metabolites such as glucose, amino acids, pyruvate, creatine, phosphocholine/glycerophosphocholine, ketone bodies and glycoproteins as well as an increase of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and a decrease of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Although the administration of Curcuma longa did not prevent the observed increase of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and insulin levels, discriminating metabolites were observed between groups fed HFS alone or with addition of a Curcuma longa extract, namely some MUFA and n-3 PUFA, glycoproteins, glutamine, and methanol, suggesting that curcuminoids may act respectively on the fatty acid metabolism, the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway and alcohol oxidation. Curcuma longa extract supplementation appears to be beneficial in these metabolic pathways in rats. This metabolomic approach highlights important serum metabolites that could help in understanding further the metabolic mechanisms leading to IR.
Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7313, Marseille, France.
Fabrice
F
Tranchida
Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7313, Marseille, France.
Laetitia
L
Shintu
Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7313, Marseille, France.
Zo
Z
Rakotoniaina
Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire de Nutrition-Diététique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France.
Léopold
L
Tchiakpe
Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7313, Marseille, France.
Valérie
V
Deyris
Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) QualiSud, Université de La Réunion, Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs Réunion Océan Indien (ESIROI), Saint Denis, France.
Abel
A
Hiol
Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7313, Marseille, France; Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Unité Propre de Recherche (UPR) 2301, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Stefano
S
Caldarelli
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D030024:Curcuma / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D066248:High Fructose Corn Syrup / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D055432:Metabolomics; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D066248:High Fructose Corn Syrup; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose; D002784:Cholesterol