Circadian Regulation of Macronutrient Absorption.
Various intestinal functions exhibit circadian rhythmicity. Disruptions in these rhythms as in shift workers and transcontinental travelers are associated with intestinal discomfort. Circadian rhythms are controlled at the molecular level by core clock and clock-controlled genes. These clock genes are expressed in intestinal cells, suggesting that they might participate in the circadian regulation of intestinal functions. A major function of the intestine is nutrient absorption. Here, we will review absorption of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids and circadian regulation of various transporters involved in their absorption. A better understanding of circadian regulation of intestinal absorption might help control several metabolic disorders and attenuate intestinal discomfort associated with disruptions in sleep-wake cycles.
Department of Cell Biology and Pediatrics, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA, and VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, New York, USA Mahmood.Hussain@downstate.edu.
M Mahmood
MM
Hussain
Department of Cell Biology and Pediatrics, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA, and VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
Xiaoyue
X
Pan
D056926:CLOCK Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D057906:Circadian Clocks / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005502:Food; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000235:genetics*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C043912:peptide permease; D056926:CLOCK Proteins
circadian rhythms; clock genes; glucose transporters; lipid absorption; peptide transporters