Smoking Cessation and Socioeconomic Status: An Update of Existing Evidence from a National Evaluation of English Stop Smoking Services.
Smokers from lower socioeconomic groups are less likely to be successful in stopping smoking than more affluent smokers, even after accessing cessation programmes. Data were analysed from 3057 clients of nine services. Routine monitoring data were expanded with CO validated smoking status at 52-week follow-up. Backwards logistic regression modelling was used to consider which factors were most important in explaining the relationship between SES and quitting. The odds ratio of stopping smoking among more affluent clients, compared with more disadvantaged clients, after taking into account design variables only, was 1.85 (95% CI 1.44 to 2.37) which declined to 1.44 (1.11 to 1.87) when all controls were included. The factors that explained more than 10% of the decline in the odds ratio were age, proportion of friends and family who smoked, nicotine dependence, and taking varenicline. A range of factors contribute to lower cessation rates for disadvantaged smokers. Some of these can be modified by improved smoking cessation service provision, but others require contributions from wider efforts to improve material, human, and social capital.
Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK ; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, UK.
Rosemary
R
Hiscock
UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, UK ; Institute for Social Marketing, School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
Fiona
F
Dobbie
UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, UK ; Institute for Social Marketing, School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
Linda
L
Bauld
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D037001:Directive Counseling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult