Single-photon decision maker.
Decision making is critical in our daily lives and for society in general and is finding evermore practical applications in information and communication technologies. Herein, we demonstrate experimentally that single photons can be used to make decisions in uncertain, dynamically changing environments. Using a nitrogen-vacancy in a nanodiamond as a single-photon source, we demonstrate the decision-making capability by solving the multi-armed bandit problem. This capability is directly and immediately associated with single-photon detection in the proposed architecture, leading to adequate and adaptive autonomous decision making. This study makes it possible to create systems that benefit from the quantum nature of light to perform practical and vital intelligent functions.
Photonic Network Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan.
Makoto
M
Naruse
1] Université Grenoble Alpes, Inst. NEEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France [2] CNRS, Inst. NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
Martin
M
Berthel
1] Université Grenoble Alpes, Inst. NEEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France [2] CNRS, Inst. NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
Aurélien
A
Drezet
1] Université Grenoble Alpes, Inst. NEEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France [2] CNRS, Inst. NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
Serge
S
Huant
1] Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguru-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan [2] PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012, Japa.
Masashi
M
Aono
Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan.
Hirokazu
H
Hori
WPI Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
Song-Ju
SJ
Kim
D000465:Algorithms; D015233:Models, Statistical; D058612:Nanodiamonds / Q000737:chemistry; D017785:Photons
D058612:Nanodiamonds