An Injectable PEG-BSA-Coumarin-GOx Hydrogel for Fluorescence Turn-on Glucose Detection.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder, requiring vigilant monitoring of blood glucose levels. In this study, an injectable fluorescent enzymatic hydrogel was designed for rapid glucose detection. The leakage-free glucose-responsive hydrogel was constructed by the covalent linkage of a multi-arm poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG), bovine serum albumin (BSA), glucose oxidase (GOx), and 4-(aminomethyl)-6,7-dimethoxycoumarin (Coumarin-NH2). The GOx serves as glucose-recognition element and the pH-sensitive Coumarin-NH2 as a fluorescence turn-on reporter. The material properties of the fluorescent hydrogel were systematically characterized which show high elasticity with good mechanical strength. Upon the addition of glucose, the as-developed fluorescent hydrogel shows a fast response time, good sensitivity, and good reproducibility at physiological pH and ambient temperature. The glucose-sensing mechanism is based on the oxidation of the glucose by GOx that generates protons to change the local pH. Consequently, protonation of the covalently immobilized and pH-sensitive Coumarin-NH2 turns on the fluorescence of the coumarin. The fluorescence hydrogel developed holds great promise as an injectable, implantable glucose-sensing biomaterials for in vivo continuous glucose monitoring.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
Gayathri
G
Srinivasan
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
Jun
J
Chen
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
Joseph
J
Parisi
Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
Christian
C
Brückner
Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.|Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
Xudong
X
Yao
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA. ylei@engr.uconn.edu.|Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA. ylei@engr.uconn.edu.
Yu
Y
Lei
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003374:Coumarins / Q000737:chemistry*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*
D003374:Coumarins; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D020100:Hydrogels; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C030123:coumarin; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose; C000595209:polyethylene glycol 1000
Fluorescence; Glucose; Glucose oxidase; Glucose sensing; Hydrogel; Switch-on fluorescent chemosensors