A Novel Mutation in the CYP11B1 Gene Causes Steroid 11β-Hydroxylase Deficient Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia with Reversible Cardiomyopathy.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to steroid 11β-hydroxylase deficiency is the second most common form of CAH, resulting from a mutation in the CYP11B1 gene. Steroid 11β-hydroxylase deficiency results in excessive mineralcorticoids and androgen production leading to hypertension, precocious puberty with acne, enlarged penis, and hyperpigmentation of scrotum of genetically male infants. In the present study, we reported 3 male cases from a Saudi family who presented with penile enlargement, progressive darkness of skin, hypertension, and cardiomyopathy. The elder patient died due to heart failure and his younger brothers were treated with hydrocortisone and antihypertensive medications. Six months following treatment, cardiomyopathy disappeared with normal blood pressure and improvement in the skin pigmentation. The underlying molecular defect was investigated by PCR-sequencing analysis of all coding exons and intron-exon boundary of the CYP11B1 gene. A novel biallelic mutation c.780 G>A in exon 4 of the CYP11B1 gene was found in the patients. The mutation created a premature stop codon at amino acid 260 (p.W260 (∗) ), resulting in a truncated protein devoid of 11β-hydroxylase activity. Interestingly, a somatic mutation at the same codon (c.779 G>A, p.W260 (∗) ) was reported in a patient with papillary thyroid cancer (COSMIC database). In conclusion, we have identified a novel nonsense mutation in the CYP11B1 gene that causes classic steroid 11β-hydroxylase deficient CAH. Cardiomyopathy and cardiac failure can be reversed by early diagnosis and treatment.
Department of Pediatrics, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha 62523, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammad A
MA
Alqahtani
Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
Ayed A
AA
Shati
Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
Minjing
M
Zou
Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
Ali M
AM
Alsuheel
Department of Pediatrics, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha 62523, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah A
AA
Alhayani
Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
Saleh M
SM
Al-Qahtani
Department of Pediatrics, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha 62523, Saudi Arabia.
Hessa M
HM
Gilban
Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
Brain F
BF
Meyer
Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
Yufei
Y
Shi