Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity, Cytotoxicity, and Genotoxicity of Chresta martii (Asteraceae).
Chresta martii (Asteraceae), found in the Xingó region, northeastern Brazil, is used in the treatment of gastrointestinal (GIT) and liver disorders and malaria. However, there are few studies regarding efficacy and safety of use for this species. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine in vivo acute toxicity and in vitro cytotoxicity of organic extracts of C. martii as well as in vivo genotoxicity of its semipurified fraction. Dried aerial parts of C. martii were extracted using three organic solvents (cyclohexane [ECCm], ethyl acetate [EACm], and ethanol [EECm]), and these extracts were examined for acute toxicity (50-2000 mg/kg ip or po) and cytotoxicity (50 μg/ml) in carcinogenic human cell lines (HL-60, NCIH-292, and MCF-7). The EACm, which showed evidence of toxicity (in vivo and in vitro), was fractionated on a silica column, yielding four fractions (F1-F4). The F1 was utilized for genotoxicity (50 mg/kg ip), by in vivo micronucleus (MN) assay. ECCm showed no indication of acute toxicity or occurrence of death, while the LD50 estimated for the extracts (EACm and EECm) was 500 mg/kg po and 200 mg/kg ip. The EACm (50 μg/ml) inhibited growth of tumor cells HL-60 (96.54%), NCIH-292 (73.43%), and MCF-7 (15%). The F1 fraction induced MN formation in polychromatic erythrocytes of Swiss Webster mice. Organic extracts from C. martii exhibited acute toxicity classified as mild to moderate, in addition to cytotoxicity (in vitro), while the F1 semipurified fraction induced genotoxicity (in vivo).
a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Laboratory of Pharmacology of Bioactive Products, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
E S
ES
Franco
b Department of Parasitology , Laboratory de Mutagenesis/Research Center Aggeu Magalhães/FIOCRUZ , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
M E B
ME
Mélo
c Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Laboratory of Cell Proliferation-UFPE , Pernambuco , Brazil.
G C G
GC
Militão
b Department of Parasitology , Laboratory de Mutagenesis/Research Center Aggeu Magalhães/FIOCRUZ , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
R E T
RE
Rocha
b Department of Parasitology , Laboratory de Mutagenesis/Research Center Aggeu Magalhães/FIOCRUZ , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
L T G A
LT
Silva
a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Laboratory of Pharmacology of Bioactive Products, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
B J A
BJ
Jatobá
c Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Laboratory of Cell Proliferation-UFPE , Pernambuco , Brazil.
P B N
PB
Silva
f Department of Antibiotics , Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products-UFPE , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
A L B D
AL
Santana
d Sobral Laboratory of Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará-UFC , Ceará , Ceará , Brazil.
A A R
AA
Silva
e Department of Antibiotics , Laboratory of Bioassays for Research on Drugs-UFPE , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
T G
TG
Silva
f Department of Antibiotics , Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products-UFPE , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
M S
MS
Nascimento
a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Laboratory of Pharmacology of Bioactive Products, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil.
M B S
MB
Maia
D000818:Animals; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D001938:Brazil; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts