More than Light Alcohol Consumption Predicts Early Cessation from Employment in French Middle-Aged Men.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association between alcohol consumption and different causes of work cessation and estimate the loss of occupational activity among high consumers compared with low consumers.


METHODS
From the prospective study of men employed in the French gas and electric company, 8442 men during a median follow-up of 8.4 years reported on their alcohol consumption. Information on work cessation was collected from the company administrative records. Hazard Ratios (HRs) by cause of work cessation (death, disability, retirement before or after age 55) were estimated using a competing risk method.


RESULTS
An increasing quantity of daily alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk of death, disability and retirement before age 55 (P trend ≤ 0.01, = 0.03 and ≤ 0.01, respectively), but not of retirement after age 55 (P trend = 0.56). Moreover, compared with low consumption, moderate, high or very high daily intakes were associated with an increased risk of early work cessation (combination of the three causes: death, disability and retirement before age 55) (HR = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-1.25; HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.12-1.35 and HR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.15-1.92 respectively). Between ages 50 and 60, we estimated that high or very high consumers could gain 6.04 months of occupational activity if they drank like low consumers.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results provide evidence of a dose-effect relationship between alcohol consumption and early work cessation.
UMS 011 Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts, INSERM, Villejuif, France Université Versailles St-Quentin, Versailles, France sophie.morois@neuf.fr.
Sophie
S
Morois
Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte et du sujet âgé, Paris, France Inserm, U894, Centre Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France.
Cédric
C
Lemogne
UMS 011 Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts, INSERM, Villejuif, France Université Versailles St-Quentin, Versailles, France.
Annette
A
Leclerc
Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte et du sujet âgé, Paris, France Inserm, U894, Centre Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France.
Frédéric
F
Limosin
UMS 011 Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts, INSERM, Villejuif, France Université Versailles St-Quentin, Versailles, France.
Stephen
S
Goldberg
UMS 011 Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts, INSERM, Villejuif, France Université Versailles St-Quentin, Versailles, France Inserm, U1168, VIMA, Villejuif, France.
Marcel
M
Goldberg
UMS 011 Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts, INSERM, Villejuif, France Université Versailles St-Quentin, Versailles, France.
Eléonore
E
Herquelot
UMS 011 Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts, INSERM, Villejuif, France Université Versailles St-Quentin, Versailles, France Inserm, U1168, VIMA, Villejuif, France.
Marie
M
Zins
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000639:trends*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004651:Employment / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012179:Retirement / Q000639:trends*; D014478:Unemployment / Q000639:trends*