Pathways involving traumatic losses, worry about family, adult separation anxiety and posttraumatic stress symptoms amongst refugees from West Papua.
There is some evidence that adult separation anxiety disorder (ASAD) symptoms are closely associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) amongst refugees exposed to traumatic events (TEs), but the pathways involved remain to be elucidated. A recent study suggests that separation anxiety disorder precedes and predicts onset of PTSD. We examined a path model testing whether ASAD symptoms and worry about family mediated the path from traumatic losses to PTSD symptoms amongst 230 refugees from West Papua. Culturally adapted measures were applied to assess TE exposure and symptoms of ASAD and PTSD. A structural equation model indicated that ASAD symptoms played an important role in mediating the effects of traumatic losses and worry about family in the pathway to PTSD symptoms. Although based on cross-sectional data, our findings suggest that ASAD symptoms may play a role in the path from traumatic losses to PTSD amongst refugees. We propose an evolutionary model in which the ASAD and PTSD reactions represent complementary survival responses designed to protect the individual and close attachments from external threats.
Psychiatry Research and Teaching Unit, School of Psychiatry and Ingham Institute, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: alvin.tay@unsw.edu.au.
Alvin Kuowei
AK
Tay
Psychiatry Research and Teaching Unit, School of Psychiatry and Ingham Institute, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia.
Susan
S
Rees
Simpson Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Jack
J
Chen
Psychiatry Research and Teaching Unit, School of Psychiatry and Ingham Institute, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia.
Moses
M
Kareth
Psychiatry Research and Teaching Unit, School of Psychiatry and Ingham Institute, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia.
Derrick
D
Silove
D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D001010:Anxiety, Separation / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D000069581:Exposure to Violence / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D005195:Family Relations / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D010219:Papua New Guinea / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012036:Refugees / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology
Adult separation anxiety; Loss; Posttraumatic stress; Refugees; West Papua; Worry