PACAP as a neuroprotective factor in ischemic neuronal injuries.
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a 27- or 38-amino acid neuropeptide, which belongs to the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide/glucagon/secretin family. PACAP and its three receptor subtypes are expressed in neural tissues, with PACAP known to exert pleiotropic effects on the nervous system. This review provides an overview of current knowledge regarding the neuroprotective effects, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential of PACAP in response to ischemic brain injuries.
Global Research Center for Innovative Life Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan. Electronic address: shioda@med.showa-u.ac.jp.
Seiji
S
Shioda
Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
Tomoya
T
Nakamachi
D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051236:Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism
C495401:ADCYAP1 protein, human; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D051236:Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide
CRMP2; DNA microarray analysis; Ischemia; Neuronal death; PACAP; PACAP receptors