title: Effect of vaccine administration modality on immunogenicity and efficacy.
abstract: The many factors impacting the efficacy of a vaccine can be broadly divided into three categories: features of the vaccine itself, including immunogen design, vaccine type, formulation, adjuvant and dosing; individual variations among vaccine recipients and vaccine administration-related parameters. While much literature exists related to vaccines, and recently systems biology has started to dissect the impact of individual subject variation on vaccine efficacy, few studies have focused on the role of vaccine administration-related parameters on vaccine efficacy. Parenteral and mucosal vaccinations are traditional approaches for licensed vaccines; novel vaccine delivery approaches, including needless injection and adjuvant formulations, are being developed to further improve vaccine safety and efficacy. This review provides a brief summary of vaccine administration-related factors, including vaccination approach, delivery route and method of administration, to gain a better understanding of their potential impact on the safety and immunogenicity of candidate vaccines.
authors: a 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.|b 2 China-US Vaccine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors: Lu
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: c 3 Wang Biologics, LLC, Chesterfield, MO 63017, USA ; Current affiliation: Bayer HealthCare, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: d 4 Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
authors: Shixia
authors: S
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines
keywords: administration; efficacy; immunogenicity; vaccination; vaccine; vaccine delivery