title: The shrimp mitochondrial FoF1-ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1).
abstract: The whiteleg shrimp species Litopenaeus vannamei is exposed to cyclic changes of the dissolved oxygen concentration of seawater and must neutralize the adverse effects of hypoxia by using ATP as energy source. In crustaceans, the mitochondrial FOF1-ATP synthase is pivotal to the homeostasis of ATP and function prevalently as a FOF1-ATPase. Hitherto, it is unknown whether these marine invertebrates are equipped with molecules able to control the FOF1-ATPase inhibiting the ATP consumption. In this study, we report two variants of the mitochondrial FOF1-ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1) ubiquitously expressed across tissues of the Litopenaeus vannamei transcriptome: the IF1_Lv1 and the IF1_Lv2. The IF1_Lv1, with a full-length sequence of 550 bp, encodes a 104 aa long protein and its mRNA amounts are significantly affected by hypoxia and re-oxygenation. The IF1_Lv2, with a sequence of 654 bp, encodes instead for a protein of 85 aa. Both proteins share a 69 % homology and contain a conserved minimal inhibitory sequence (IATP domain) along with a G-rich region on their N-terminus typical of the invertebrate. In light of this characterization IF1 is here discussed as an adaptive mechanism evolved by this marine species to inhibit the FOF1-ATPase activity and avoid ATP dissipation to thrive in spite of the changes in oxygen tension.
authors: Bioenergetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo (CIAD) A. C., Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, PO Box 1735, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
authors: Cindy
authors: C
authors: Chimeo
authors: Laboratorio Fisiologia de Organismos Acuaticos. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors: Analia Veronica
authors: AV
authors: Fernandez-Gimenez
authors: Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK.|University College London Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, Royal College Street NW1 0TU, London, UK.
authors: Michelangelo
authors: M
authors: Campanella
authors: Bioenergetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo (CIAD) A. C., Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, PO Box 1735, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
authors: Ofelia
authors: O
authors: Mendez-Romero
authors: Bioenergetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo (CIAD) A. C., Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, PO Box 1735, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. amuhlia@ciad.mx.
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Muhlia-Almazan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000097795:ATPase Inhibitory Protein
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases; D000097795:ATPase Inhibitory Protein
keywords: Hypoxia; IF1, FoF1-ATPase; Inhibitor; Shrimp; Transcriptional regulation