title: Heterogeneity of T Cell Responses to Pandemic pH1N1 Monovalent Vaccine in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women.
abstract: We investigated the Th1 protective and regulatory T and B cell (Treg and Breg) responses to pH1N1 monovalent influenza vaccine (IIV1) in HIV-infected pregnant women on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 52 study participants were cryopreserved before and after vaccination and analyzed by flow cytometry. pH1N1-specific Th1, Treg, and Breg responses were measured in PBMCs after in vitro stimulation with pH1N1 and control antigen. The cohort analysis did not detect changes in pH1N1-Th1, Treg, or Breg subsets postvaccination. However, individual analyses distinguished subjects who mounted vigorous Th1 responses postvaccination from others who did not. Postvaccination, high pH1N1-Th1 correlated with high pH1N1-Treg and Breg responses, suggesting that low influenza effector responses did not result from excessive vaccine-induced immune regulation. High postvaccination pH1N1-Th1 responses correlated with baseline high PHA- and pH1N1-IFN-γ ELISpot and circulating CD4(+)CD39(+)% and CD8(+)CD39(+)% Treg, with low CD8(+) cell numbers and CD19(+)FOXP3(+)% Breg, but not with CD4(+) cell numbers or HIV viral load. These data highlight the heterogeneity of T cell responses to vaccines in HIV-infected individuals on cART. Predictors of robust Th1 responses to IIV include CD8(+) cell numbers, T cell functionality, and circulating Breg and Treg.
authors: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, Colorado.
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Weinberg
authors: 2 Statistical and Data Analysis Center, Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research , Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Petronella
authors: P
authors: Muresan
authors: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, Colorado.
authors: Kelly
authors: K
authors: Richardson
authors: 2 Statistical and Data Analysis Center, Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research , Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Terence
authors: T
authors: Fenton
authors: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, Colorado.
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Dominguez
authors: 3 Frontier Science and Technology Research Foundation , Buffalo, New York.
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Bloom
authors: 4 Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: D Heather
authors: DH
authors: Watts
authors: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, Colorado.
authors: Mark J
authors: MJ
authors: Abzug
authors: 5 State University of New York Health Science Center at Stony Brook , Stony Brook, New York.
authors: Sharon A
authors: SA
authors: Nachman
authors: 1 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, Colorado.
authors: Myron J
authors: MJ
authors: Levin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D058501:Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D007371:Interferon-gamma