title: The Influence of Parenting Style and Child Temperament on Child-Parent-Dentist Interactions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the interaction between parenting style and child's temperament as modulators of anxiety and behavior in children during the dental procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy four- to six-year-olds (n equals 288), with carious primary molars scheduled to receive amalgam fillings were selected. The Primary Caregivers Practices Report was used to assess the parenting style, and the Children's Behavior Questionnaire-Very Short Form was used to evaluate child temperament. Children were managed using common behavior management strategies. Child behavior and anxiety during the procedure were assessed using the Frankl behavior rating scale and the verbal skill scale, respectively. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation among variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Authoritative parenting style was positively related to positive child's behavior (P<.05) and negatively related to child's anxiety (P<.05). A positive relationship existed between permissive subscale and negative behaviors (P<.05) and child's anxiety (P<.05). There was a significant direct effect of authoritative parenting style on the effortful control trait (P<.05) and permissive parent style on the child negative affectivity (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parenting style appeared to mediate child temperament and anxiety, and was related to the child's behavior. Parenting style should be considered in the selection of behavior guidance techniques.
authors: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Naser Asl
authors: NA
authors: Aminabadi
authors: Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran. alireza_sigharydeljavan@yahoo.com.
authors: Alireza Sighari
authors: AS
authors: Deljavan
authors: Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Zahra
authors: Z
authors: Jamali
authors: Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Fatemeh Pournaghi
authors: FP
authors: Azar
authors: Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Sina Ghertasi
authors: SG
authors: Oskouei
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods; D001318:Authoritarianism; D032763:Behavior Control; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000379:methods; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D003812:Dentist-Patient Relations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008340:Mandibular Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting; D010541:Permissiveness; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D013694:Temperament; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003723:Dental Amalgam