title: Antioxidative and immunological responses in the haemolymph of wolf spider Xerolycosa nemoralis (Lycosidae) exposed to starvation and dimethoate.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the intensity of enzymatic antioxidative parameters [catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSTPx), glutathione reductase (GR), total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] and percentage of high granularity cells as well as low to medium granularity cells in haemolymph of wolf spiders Xerolycosa nemoralis exposed to starvation and dimethoate under laboratory conditions. Only in starved males, haemolymph included a lower percentage of high granularity cells, accompanied by high activity of CAT and GSTPx, than in the control. Exposure of males to dimethoate increased CAT activity, after single application, and significantly enhanced GR activity, after five-time application. In females, five-time contact with dimethoate elevated the percentage of high granularity cells. As in comparison to females, male X. nemoralis were more sensitive to the applied stressing factors, it may be concluded that in natural conditions both food deficiency and chemical stress may diminish the immune response of their organisms.
authors: Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland.
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Stalmach
authors: Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland. Electronic address: grazyna.wilczek@us.edu.pl.
authors: Grażyna
authors: G
authors: Wilczek
authors: Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, Krakow 30-387, Poland.
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Homa
authors: Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland.
authors: Elżbieta
authors: E
authors: Szulinska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004117:Dimethoate / Q000633:toxicity*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013112:Spiders / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D004117:Dimethoate
keywords: Antioxidative enzymes; Dimethoate; Haemocytes; Spiders; Starvation