title: Epigenetic control of cardiovascular health by nutritional polyphenols involves multiple chromatin-modifying writer-reader-eraser proteins.
abstract: Nowadays, epigenetic mechanisms involving DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNA regulation emerge as important players in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Epigenetics may provide the missing link between environment, genome and disease phenotype and be responsible for the strong interindividual variation in disease risk factors underlying CVD. Daily diet is known to have a major influence on both the development and the prevention of CVD. Interestingly, the dietary lifestyle of our (grand)parents and of us contributes to CVD risk by metabolic (re)programming of our epigenome in utero, after birth or during life. In contrast to genetic mutations, the plasticity of CVD related epigenetic changes makes them attractive candidates for nutritional prevention or pharmacological intervention. Although a growing number of epidemiologic studies have shown a link between the ingestion of nutritional polyphenols and cardiovascular health benefits, potential involvement of epigenetic mechanisms has been underexplored. In this review, we will give an overview of epigenetic alterations in atherosclerosis, with the focus on DNA and histone modifications by chromatin-modifying proteins. Finally, we illustrate that cocoa flavanols and other classes of dietary molecules may promote cardiovascular health by targeting multiple classes of chromatin writer-reader-eraser proteins related to histone acetylation-methylation and DNA methylation.
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Declerck
authors: Katarzyna
authors: K
authors: Szarc vel Szic
authors: Ajay
authors: A
authors: Palagani
authors: Karen
authors: K
authors: Heyninck
authors: Guy
authors: G
authors: Haegeman
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Morand
authors: Dragan
authors: D
authors: Milenkovic
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium. wim.vandenberghe@uantwerpen.be.
authors: Wim
authors: W
authors: Vanden Berghe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004032:Diet; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006304:Health Status; D006657:Histones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D010945:Plants, Edible / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; D059808:Polyphenols