title: Nanoparticles: A Neurotoxicological Perspective.
abstract: The delivery of drugs to brain is a daunting task due to the presence of multiple protective barriers. Nanoparticles (NPs), due to their ability to deliver and accumulate drugs in brain by crossing the blood brain barrier, have emerged as effective brain targeting drug delivery system. The major drawback of NPs obstructing their application in brain related diseases is neurotoxicity which leads to memory deficit, behavioural changes, changes in the structure and membrane potential of the neurons. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with nanoparticle induced neurotoxicity is essential to solve the problem. NPs induce cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and epigenetic changes. This review focuses on nanoparticles, their physicochemical characteristics, manifestations of neurotoxicity and the mechanisms through which neurotoxicity is induced. This review may help in improving the understanding of the mechanisms associated with nanoparticle induced neurotoxicity so as to devise ways to overcome the associated neurotoxicity.
authors: Anuradha
authors: A
authors: Pandey
authors: Vajir
authors: V
authors: Malek
authors: Visakh
authors: V
authors: Prabhakar
authors: Yogesh Aanat
authors: YA
authors: Kulkarni
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani 333, 031, Rajasthan, India. anil.gaikwad@pilani.bits-pilani.ac.in.
authors: Anil Bhanudas
authors: AB
authors: Gaikwad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*