title: Three-Dimensional Changes of Maxilla after Secondary Alveolar Cleft Repair: Differences Between rhBMP-2 and Autologous Iliac Crest Bone Grafting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 has been used as an alternative to autologous bone transferring, a standard method of treatment. However, its potential adverse effect on anterior maxillary arch is unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to quantify sagittal and transversal changes of anterior maxilla after secondary alveolar cleft repair using traditional iliac crest bone grafting versus rhBMP-2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve unilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. In group 1, patients underwent traditional iliac crest bone grafting transferring (n = 4), and in group 2, patients underwent alveolar cleft reconstruction using collagen matrix with lyophilized rhBMP-2 (n = 8). Computed tomography (CT) imaging was performed preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively, using a previously standardized protocol. A three-dimensional (3D) CT cephalometric analysis of the linear and angular measurements of the sagittal and transverse maxilla planes was performed to assess intra- and intergroup maxillary changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intra- and intergroup comparisons of the pre- and postoperative 3D CT cephalometric linear and angular measurements of the sagittal and transverse maxilla planes showed no significant (all P > 0.05) differences among all studied variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no significant anterior maxilla changes after maxillary cleft repair either using iliac crest bone grafting or rhBMP-2.
authors: Craniofacial Surgery Unit, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and Institute of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, SOBRAPAR Hospital, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Cassio Eduardo
authors: CE
authors: Raposo-Amaral
authors: Craniofacial Surgery Unit, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and Institute of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, SOBRAPAR Hospital, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Denadai
authors: Craniofacial Surgery Unit, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and Institute of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, SOBRAPAR Hospital, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Nivaldo
authors: N
authors: Alonso