title: Effect of drought stress on the development of endosperm starch granules and the composition and physicochemical properties of starches from soft and hard wheat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this study were to: (1) observe the effects of drought stress (DS) on the structural development of endosperm starch granules; (2) investigate the effects of DS on composition and physicochemical properties of starches; and (3) compare the different responses to DS between soft and hard wheat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DS resulted in large A-type starch granules at 12 d after anthesis (DAA) and a high percentage of B-type starch granules at 18 DAA in endosperm cells of the two wheat cultivars. DS decreased the 1000-grain weight, total starch and amylose contents, and amylose-to-amylopectin ratio of both starches. DS also decreased the percentage of B-type starch granules in NM13 and increased the number of hollows on the surface of A-type starch granules in XM33. DS further increased the swelling power and affected pasting properties of both starches. DS also significantly enhanced the hydrolysis degrees of starches by pancreatic α-amylase, Aspergillus niger amyloglucosidase, and HCl in NM13. DS altered the contents of rapidly digestible, slowly digestible, and resistant starches in native, gelatinised, and retrograded starches.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, DS can affect the development of endosperm starch granules and the physicochemical properties of starches, thus affecting the qualities of the final wheat products. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
authors: Xurun
authors: X
authors: Yu
authors: Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, 226541, China.
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Li
authors: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
authors: Leilei
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
authors: Xinyu
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
authors: Wenjun
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
authors: Yunjie
authors: Y
authors: Gu
authors: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
authors: Zhong
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Xiong
mesh_terms: D000687:Amylopectin; D000688:Amylose; D005504:Food Analysis; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D013213:Starch; D000688:Amylose; D000687:Amylopectin
keywords: composition; development; drought stress; physicochemical properties; starch; wheat