title: Carbonic Anhydrase XII as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although recent studies described important roles for carbonic anhydrase (CA) XII in epithelial carcinogenesis and tumor behavior, a consensus has not yet been reached regarding its clinicopathological significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the present study, we investigated its prognostic significance in ESCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  An immunohistochemical analysis was performed on 70 primary tumor samples obtained from ESCC patients who underwent esophagectomy, and the relationships between the expression of CA XII and various clinicopathological features or prognosis were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemical staining showed that CA XII was primarily found in the cell membranes of carcinoma cells. Although the expression of CA XII was related to the pT category, it had no prognostic impact. We then examined the expression of CA XII according to the pT category. In pT2-3 ESCC, the 3-year survival rate of patients with the high grade expression of CA XII (29.1 %) was significantly lower than that of patients with the low grade expression of CA XII (70.3 %). Furthermore, a multivariate analysis demonstrated that the expression of CA XII was one of the most important independent prognostic factors following radical esophagectomy in pT2-3 ESCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the expression of CA XII may be a valuable prognostic factor for patients with advanced ESCC. The results of the present study provide an insight into the role of CA XII as a biomarker in ESCC.
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Fumiaki
authors: F
authors: Ochi
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Shiozaki
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Ichikawa
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Fujiwara
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Shingo
authors: S
authors: Nakashima
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Takemoto
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Kosuga
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Hirotaka
authors: H
authors: Konishi
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Shuhei
authors: S
authors: Komatsu
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Kazuma
authors: K
authors: Okamoto
authors: 2. Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Mitsuo
authors: M
authors: Kishimoto
authors: 3. Departments of Molecular Cell Physiology and Bio-Ionomics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan ; 4. Japan Institute for Food Education and Health, St. Agnes' University, Kyoto, 602-8013, Japan.
authors: Yoshinori
authors: Y
authors: Marunaka
authors: 1. Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors: Eigo
authors: E
authors: Otsuji
keywords: CA XII; Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; Prognostic factor