title: Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake.
abstract: Lipid supplements (oilseeds vegetables) are included in ruminant diet to increase its energy density and improve fatty acid composition of milk and consequently of fresh cheese. Milk and cheeses were evaluated from crossbred Holstein × Zebu, fed diets enriched with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% inclusion levels of palm kernel cake in concentrated supplement, which were supplied daily (3.0 kg). Milk and fresh cheese (p = 0.001) fatty acids C12:0 exhibited quadratic negative values. Milk fatty acids C13:0, C20:0, C18:2t10c12, and C20:2n-6 presented positive quadratic values. The milk C18:2n-6 decreased linearly and in fresh cheese exhibited an increasing linear effect (p = 0.016). However, the fatty acids grouped in milk fat were not affected. The medium-chain fatty acids varied negatively and quadratically (p = 0.045). There was no effect on milk and fresh cheese chemical composition (p > 0.05). The milk fat was increased (p = 0.0065) quadratically (minimum point of 24.7%). Thus, the addition of palm kernel cake to cow diets negatively altered the fatty acid profile, it raises the percentage of lauric (C12) and tridecanoic (C13) acids fat which is not beneficial to human health from a nutraceutical perspective, although it did not influence the atherogenicity index.
authors: School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, Brazil. ronaldooliveira@ufba.br.
authors: Ronaldo
authors: R
authors: Oliveira
authors: Department of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, Brazil. mariomarcosfaria@hotmail.com.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Faria
authors: Department of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, Brazil. rluizvaz@gmail.com.
authors: Raimundo
authors: R
authors: Silva
authors: Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus 6490000, Brazil. leilson@ufpi.edu.br.
authors: Leilson
authors: L
authors: Bezerra
authors: Department of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, Brazil. gleidsongiordano@ufba.br.
authors: Gleidson
authors: G
authors: Carvalho
authors: School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, Brazil. jagualyson@bol.com.br.
authors: Alyson
authors: A
authors: Pinheiro
authors: Department of Animal Science, State University of Bahia, Itapetinga 45700000, Brazil. jsimionato@utfpr.edu.br.
authors: Juliana
authors: J
authors: Simionato
authors: Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Federal University of de Mato Grosso, Rondonópolis 78735636, Brazil. agleao@yahoo.com.br.
authors: André
authors: A
authors: Leão
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis*; D003612:Dairying; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D007536:Isomerism; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000737:chemistry; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated
keywords: CLA; Elaeis guineensis; atherogenicity index; fatty acid profile; unsaturated