title: Correlates and Experiences of HIV Stigma in Prisoners Living With HIV in Indonesia: A Mixed-Method Analysis.
abstract: In Indonesia, the syndemic nature of HIV, drug use, and incarceration may influence experiences of stigma for HIV-infected prisoners. This mixed-method study explores HIV stigma in prisoners living with HIV in Indonesia. Randomly selected male HIV-infected prisoners (n = 102) from two large prisons in Jakarta completed in-depth interviews and a structured HIV stigma survey. Quantitative results found four groups of HIV-infected prisoners with significantly higher HIV stigma levels, including those: (a) with drug-related offenses, (b) seeking help to decrease drug use, (c) diagnosed with HIV before the current incarceration, and (d) who had not disclosed their HIV status to family members or friends. Qualitative results highlighted the prominent role of HIV stigma in decisions to disclose HIV status to family members, partners, and other prisoners. Interventions should address HIV stigma in HIV-infected prisoners in Indonesia to achieve HIV treatment as prevention goals.
authors: Gabriel J
authors: GJ
authors: Culbert
authors: Valerie A
authors: VA
authors: Earnshaw
authors: Ni Made Swasti
authors: NM
authors: Wulanyani
authors: Martin P
authors: MP
authors: Wegman
authors: Agung
authors: A
authors: Waluyo
authors: Frederick L
authors: FL
authors: Altice
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology*; D011330:Prisons; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012650:Self Disclosure; D012747:Sexual Partners; D063508:Social Discrimination; D057545:Social Stigma; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014342:Truth Disclosure
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: HIV; Indonesia; antiretroviral therapy; drug use; prisoners; stigma