title: Gene Expression Profiling of Development and Anthocyanin Accumulation in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) Based on Transcriptome Sequencing.
abstract: Red-fleshed kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch. 'Hongyang') is a promising commercial cultivar due to its nutritious value and unique flesh color, derived from vitamin C and anthocyanins. In this study, we obtained transcriptome data of 'Hongyang' from seven developmental stages using Illumina sequencing. We mapped 39-54 million reads to the recently sequenced kiwifruit genome and other databases to define gene structure, to analyze alternative splicing, and to quantify gene transcript abundance at different developmental stages. The transcript profiles throughout red kiwifruit development were constructed and analyzed, with a focus on the biosynthesis and metabolism of compounds such as phytohormones, sugars, starch and L-ascorbic acid, which are indispensable for the development and formation of quality fruit. Candidate genes for these pathways were identified through MapMan and phylogenetic analysis. The transcript levels of genes involved in sucrose and starch metabolism were consistent with the change in soluble sugar and starch content throughout kiwifruit development. The metabolism of L-ascorbic acid was very active, primarily through the L-galactose pathway. The genes responsible for the accumulation of anthocyanin in red kiwifruit were identified, and their expression levels were investigated during kiwifruit development. This survey of gene expression during kiwifruit development paves the way for further investigation of the development of this uniquely colored and nutritious fruit and reveals which factors are needed for high quality fruit formation. This transcriptome data and its analysis will be useful for improving kiwifruit genome annotation, for basic fruit molecular biology research, and for kiwifruit breeding and improvement.
authors: Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Haikou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors: Wenbin
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors: Yifei
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors: Shaohua
authors: S
authors: Zeng
authors: Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors: Gong
authors: G
authors: Xiao
authors: Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Haikou, China.
authors: Gan
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China.
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Peng
authors: Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors: Hongwen
authors: H
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D029042:Actinidia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D005638:Fruit / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D010940:Plant Proteins