title: The short-term response of Arabidopsis thaliana (C3) and Zea mays (C4) chloroplasts to red and far red light.
abstract: Light quality has various effects on photochemistry and protein phosphorylation in Zea mays and Arabidopsis thaliana thylakoids due to different degrees of light penetration across leaves and redox status in chloroplasts. The effect of the spectral quality of light (red, R and far red, FR) on the function of thylakoid proteins in Zea mays and Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated. It was concluded that red light stimulates PSII activity in A. thaliana thylakoids and in maize bundle sheath (BS) thylakoids, but not in mesophyll (M) thylakoids. The light quality did not change PSI activity in M thylakoids of maize. FR used after a white light period increased PSI activity significantly in maize BS and only slightly in A. thaliana thylakoids. As shown by blue native (BN)-PAGE followed by SDS-PAGE, proteins were differently phosphorylated in the thylakoids, indicating their different functions. FR light increased dephosphorylation of LHCII proteins in A. thaliana thylakoids, whereas in maize, dephosphorylation did not occur at all. The rate of phosphorylation was higher in maize BS than in M thylakoids. D1 protein phosphorylation increased in maize and decreased in A. thaliana upon irradiation with both R and growth light (white light, W). Light variations did not change the level of proteins in thylakoids. Our data strongly suggest that response to light quality is a species-dependent phenomenon. We concluded that the maize chloroplasts were differently stimulated, probably due to different degrees of light penetration across the leaf and thereby the redox status in the chloroplasts. These acclimation changes induced by light quality are important in the regulation of chloroplast membrane flexibility and thus its function.
authors: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
authors: Maksymilian
authors: M
authors: Zienkiewicz
authors: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Drożak
authors: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
authors: Wioleta
authors: W
authors: Wasilewska
authors: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
authors: Ilona
authors: I
authors: Bacławska
authors: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
authors: Ewa
authors: E
authors: Przedpełska-Wąsowicz
authors: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland. romanela@biol.uw.edu.pl.
authors: Elżbieta
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7359-0537
authors: E
authors: Romanowska
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000528:radiation effects; D008027:Light; D020524:Thylakoids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*
keywords: Acclimation to light quality; Bundle sheath chloroplasts; Mesophyll chloroplasts; PSI; PSII; Protein phosphorylation; Red and far red light; Thylakoids