title: Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum alters gut luminal metabolism through modification of the gut microbial community.
abstract: Probiotics are well known as health-promoting agents that modulate intestinal microbiota. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Using gnotobiotic mice harboring 15 strains of predominant human gut-derived microbiota (HGM), we investigated the effects of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 (BB536-HGM) supplementation on the gut luminal metabolism. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics showed significantly increased fecal levels of pimelate, a precursor of biotin, and butyrate in the BB536-HGM group. In addition, the bioassay revealed significantly elevated fecal levels of biotin in the BB536-HGM group. Metatranscriptomic analysis of fecal microbiota followed by an in vitro bioassay indicated that the elevated biotin level was due to an alteration in metabolism related to biotin synthesis by Bacteroides caccae in this mouse model. Furthermore, the proportion of Eubacterium rectale, a butyrate producer, was significantly higher in the BB536-HGM group than in the group without B. longum BB536 supplementation. Our findings help to elucidate the molecular basis underlying the effect of B. longum BB536 on the gut luminal metabolism through its interactions with the microbial community.
authors: Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan.|RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.|Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Hirosuke
authors: H
authors: Sugahara
authors: Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Toshitaka
authors: T
authors: Odamaki
authors: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.|Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan.
authors: Shinji
authors: S
authors: Fukuda
authors: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.|Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Tamotsu
authors: T
authors: Kato
authors: Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Jin-zhong
authors: JZ
authors: Xiao
authors: Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Fumiaki
authors: F
authors: Abe
authors: Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.|RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Kikuchi
authors: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.|Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Ohno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001710:Biotin / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects; D055432:Metabolomics; D051379:Mice; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013045:Species Specificity; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014867:Water; D001710:Biotin