title: Helicobacter pylori and gastric mucin expression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and mucin expression in gastric mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  English Medical literature searches were conducted for gastric mucin expression in H. pylori infected people vs uninfected people. Searches were performed up to December 31(th) 2014, using MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and CENTRAL. Studies comparing mucin expression in the gastric mucosa in patients positive and negative for H. pylori infection, were included. Meta-analysis was performed by using Comprehensive meta-analysis software (Version 3, Biostat Inc., Englewood, NJ, United States). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated compared mucin expression in individual studies by using the random effects model. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using the Cochran Q-test, and it was considered to be present if the Q-test P value was less than 0.10. I(2) statistic was used to measure the proportion of inconsistency in individual studies, with I(2) > 50% representing substantial heterogeneity. We also calculated a potential publication bias.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven studies, which represent 53 sub-studies of 15 different kinds of mucin expression, were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Every kind of mucin has been considered as one study. When a specific mucin has been studied in more than one paper, we combined the results in a nested meta-analysis of this particular mucin: MUC2, MUC6, STn, Paradoxical con A, Tn, T, Type 1 chain mucin, LeA, SLeA, LeB, AB-PAS, MUC1, and MUC5AC. The odds ratio of mucin expression in random analysis was 2.33, 95%CI: 1.230-4.411, P = 0.009, higher expression in H. pylori infected patients. Odds ratio for mucin expression in H. pylori positive patients was higher for MUC6 (9.244, 95%CI: 1.567-54.515, P = 0.014), and significantly lower for MUC5AC (0.447, 95%CI: 0.211-0.949, P = 0.036). Thus, H. pylori infection may increase MUC6 expression and decrease MUC5AC expression by 924% and 52%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H. pylori inhibits MUC5AC expression in the gastric epithelium, and facilitates colonization. In contrast, increased MUC6 expression may help inhibiting colonization, using MUC6 antibiotics properties.
authors: Yaron Niv, Department of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel.
authors: Yaron
authors: Y
authors: Niv
mesh_terms: D005752:Gastric Mucins / Q000032:analysis*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D055271:Mucin 5AC / Q000032:analysis; D055272:Mucin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio
chemical_list: D005752:Gastric Mucins; C524678:MUC5AC protein, human; C524734:MUC6 protein, human; D055271:Mucin 5AC; D055272:Mucin-6
keywords: Gastric mucin; Helicobacter pylori; Secretion; Stomach