title: Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Thoughts and Suicide Attempts in People Prescribed Pharmaceutical Opioids for Chronic Pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main objectives of the paper were (1) to examine the prevalence of suicidality in a large community-based chronic pain sample taking prescribed opioids for chronic pain; and (2) to examine general and pain-specific factors that predict such ideation, and the transition from ideation to making a suicide attempt (ideation-to-action).
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline data from the Pain and Opioids IN Treatment (POINT) study with a cohort of 1514 community-based people prescribed opioids for chronic noncancer pain across Australia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Past 12-month suicidal ideation was reported by 36.5% of the cohort and 16.4% had made a lifetime suicide attempt (2.5% in the last 12 mo), after the onset of their pain condition. Suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was independently associated with a past suicide attempt [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=4.82; 95% confidence interval, 2.43-9.56] and past 12-month depression (AOR=4.07, 95% confidence interval, 1.88-8.78). Only a lower pain self-efficacy score was independently associated with past 12-month ideation-to-action (AOR=0.98, 95%CI0.88-0.99). Notably, only general-suicide risk factors were associated with 12-month suicidal ideation; but for past year ideation-to-action, pain-specific factors also had independent associations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study is one of the first to comprehensively examine general and pain-specific risk factors for suicidality in a large chronic pain sample in which suicidal ideation was common. A low pain self-efficacy score was the only factor independently associated past 12-month ideation-to-action.
authors: *National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre ‡Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW †School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas. §Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia ∥National Addiction Centre, Kings College, London, England.
authors: Gabrielle
authors: G
authors: Campbell
authors: Raimondo
authors: R
authors: Bruno
authors: Shane
authors: S
authors: Darke
authors: Fiona
authors: F
authors: Shand
authors: Wayne
authors: W
authors: Hall
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Farrell
authors: Louisa
authors: L
authors: Degenhardt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid