title: Versatile ligands for high-performance liquid chromatography: An overview of ionic liquid-functionalized stationary phases.
abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs), a class of unique substances composed purely by cation and anions, are renowned for their fascinating physical and chemical properties, such as negligible volatility, high dissolution power, high thermal stability, tunable structure and miscibility. They are enjoying ever-growing applications in a great diversity of disciplines. IL-modified silica, transforming the merits of ILs into chromatographic advantages, has endowed the development of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) stationary phase with considerable vitality. In the last decade, IL-functionalized silica stationary phases have evolved into a series of branches to accommodate to different HPLC modes. An up-to-date overview of IL-immobilized stationary phases is presented in this review, and divided into five parts according to application mode, i.e., ion-exchange, normal-phase, reversed-phase, hydrophilic interaction and chiral recognition. Specific attention is channeled to synthetic strategies, chromatographic behavior and separation performance of IL-functionalized silica stationary phases.
authors: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors: Mingliang
authors: M
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
authors: Abul K
authors: AK
authors: Mallik
authors: Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Takafuji
authors: Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
authors: Hirotaka
authors: H
authors: Ihara
authors: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China. Electronic address: hdqiu@licp.cas.cn.
authors: Hongdeng
authors: H
authors: Qiu
keywords: Enantioseparation; High-performance liquid chromatography; Hydrophilic interaction; Ionic liquids; Reversed-phase; Stationary phase