title: Incidence and Predictors of Increased Coronary Calcium Scores in Liver Transplant Recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular complications in liver transplant recipients are common. A coronary calcium score >400 determined by coronary computed tomographic angiography (coronary CT) provides useful information for predicting postoperative cardiovascular complications in liver transplant recipients. However, little is known about the association between risk factors and increased coronary calcium scores in coronary CT preformed as a preoperative cardiovascular evaluation before liver transplantation. We evaluated the incidence and cardiovascular risk factors of a coronary calcium score >400 in liver transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2013 and 2014, 548 liver transplant recipients were analyzed retrospectively. Preoperative cardiovascular assessments and laboratory data were collected with coronary calcium scores. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors of a coronary calcium score >400 in coronary CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total mean coronary calcium score was 103 ± 358. Of the 548 recipients, 41 (7.5%) had a coronary calcium score >400. The mean coronary calcium score in patients with a coronary calcium score >400 was 999.7 ± 892.1, and the mean coronary calcium score in patients with a coronary calcium score ≤ 400 was 30.1 ± 70.9. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, predictors of a coronary calcium score >400 in liver transplant recipients were age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, P = .029), male sex (OR = 14.42, P = .009), and diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.04, P = .040).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that old age, male sex, and diabetes mellitus were predictors of a coronary calcium score >400, which is associated with cardiovascular complications after liver transplantation. This study can provide useful information for preoperative cardiovascular evaluation in liver transplant recipients.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Y-G
authors: YG
authors: Kong
authors: Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: T-Y
authors: TY
authors: Ha
authors: Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: J-W
authors: JW
authors: Kang
authors: Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Hwang
authors: Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: S-G
authors: SG
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kyk@amc.seoul.kr.
authors: Y-K
authors: YK
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium