title: Donor Unrestricted T Cells: A Shared Human T Cell Response.
abstract: The now-famous term "restriction" derived from experiments in which T cells from Donor A failed to recognize Ags presented by cells from Donor B. Restriction results from interdonor variation in MHC genes. Donor restriction dominates immunologists' thinking about the T cell response because it governs organ transplantation and hinders the discovery of disease-associated Ags. However, other T cells can be considered "donor unrestricted" because their targets, CD1a, CD1b, CD1c, CD1d, or MR1, are expressed in a similar form among all humans. A striking feature of donor unrestricted T cells is the expression of invariant TCRs with nearly species-wide distribution. In this article, we review new evidence that donor unrestricted T cells are common in humans. NKT cells, mucosa-associated invariant T cells, and germline-encoded mycolyl-reactive T cells operate outside of the familiar principles of the MHC system, providing a broader picture of T cell function and new opportunities for therapy.
authors: Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CL Utrecht, the Netherlands i.vanrhijn@uu.nl.
authors: Ildiko
authors: I
authors: Van Rhijn
authors: Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and.
authors: D Branch
authors: DB
authors: Moody
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology*; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006649:Histocompatibility Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018448:Models, Immunological; D055611:Natural Killer T-Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014019:Tissue Donors
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; D006649:Histocompatibility Antigens; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell