title: Clinical application of a novel developed pressure bladder indicator in lumbar epidural puncture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A novel pressure bladder indicator was developed, and this study aimed to evaluate the clinical application of the pressure bladder indicator by measuring the epidural space pressure and bladder working pressure on patients undergoing lumbar epidural puncture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, prospective, double-blinded study
  
  
  METHODS
  130 patients
  
  
  METHODS
  The Second Hospital of Shandong University
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 60 patients undergoing surgical procedures under lumbar epidural anesthesia were enrolled to detect epidural pressure, and other 70 patients who were undergoing lumbar epidural anesthesia or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia were enrolled to evaluate the pressure bladder indicator.
  
  
  METHODS
  After successful breakthrough of ligamentum flavum by traditional methods, a pressure transducer was connected to an epidural needle tail and a monitor to measure the epidural pressure at L1-L5 in 60 patients. The working pressure of the bladder was also measured by a transducer. Then lumbar epidural puncture was performed with the pressure bladder indicator in other 70 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lumbar epidural pressure of the 60 patients was 9.8 ± 4.3 mm Hg, and the bladder working pressure of the pressure bladder indicator was 122 ± 15 mm Hg. All these 70 patients were confirmed with successful bladder indication and lumbar epidural puncture. Thus, the coincidence ratio was 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel developed pressure bladder indicator was a reliable and useful technique to conduct successful lumbar epidural puncture.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Department of Anesthesiology, No. 401 Hospital of PLA, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors: Xiaofeng
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, No. 401 Hospital of PLA, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors: E-er-dun
authors: EE
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, No. 401 Hospital of PLA, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Yan
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China. Electronic address: kezhonglikzl@163.com.
authors: Kezhong
authors: K
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004824:Epidural Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D011312:Pressure; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013129:Spinal Puncture / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Epidural space; Lumbar epidural puncture; Pressure; Pressure bladder indicator