title: Urinary incontinence: prevalence, pattern, and opportunistic screening in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Urinary incontinence is a source of health-related poor quality of life. It is, however, rarely disclosed, except when specifically enquired about by the healthcare provider. This study determined the prevalence of urinary incontinence and opportunistic screening for it in women attending a general outpatient clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,250 consenting women attending a general outpatient clinic in Ile-Ife, a semi-urban town in Southwest Nigeria, were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Confidential post-consultation interviews were performed in each patient to determine whether they had been asked about urinary incontinence and whether they felt that they ought to have been asked. The Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID) was administered to determine the prevalence and pattern of urinary incontinence. Results were expressed as proportions and compared using the Chi-squared test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The subjects' ages ranged from 20 to 100 years (mean = 46.8 ± 17.7 years). Sixty-five women had urinary incontinence (prevalence = 5.2 %). QUID classified 30 (2.4 %), 23 (1.8 %), and 12 (1.0 %) of them as having urge, stress, and mixed incontinence respectively. None of them self-reported incontinence to their physicians. Only 9 incontinent (13.8 %) and 44 continent women (3.7 %) had opportunistic screening (p < 0.001). Fifty of the incontinent women (76.9 %) felt that their physician ought to have asked them about it. Forty-eight of them (73.8 %) did not consider incontinence a sufficient reason for presentation in hospital, but the majority (90.7 %) desired treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary incontinence was occasionally present, but usually undisclosed by women attending the general outpatient clinic, unless when specifically asked by their physicians. Opportunistic screening is therefore recommended in this setting.
authors: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. segunbadejoko@yahoo.co.uk.|Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. segunbadejoko@yahoo.co.uk.
authors: Olusegun O
authors: OO
authors: Badejoko
authors: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Sekinat
authors: S
authors: Bola-Oyebamiji
authors: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Ibraheem O
authors: IO
authors: Awowole
authors: Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.|Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Abubakar A
authors: AA
authors: Salako
authors: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.|Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Solomon O
authors: SO
authors: Ogunniyi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D053202:Urinary Incontinence, Urge / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Female; Incontinence; Pattern; Prevalence; Screening; Urinary