title: Chromosome arrangement, differentiation of growth kinetics and volatile molecule profiles in Kluyveromyces marxianus strains from Italian cheeses.
abstract: Thirty-nine strains of Kluyveromyces marxianus from Pecorino di Farindola cheese in comparison with 3 strains from Parmigiano Reggiano cheese, 1 from fermented milk, 3 from cow whey and two type strains K. marxianus CBS 834(T) and Kluyveromyces lactis CBS 683(T) were tested for genetic and metabolic characteristics. Intraspecific diversity of chromosome arrangements was evaluated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Among K. marxianus strains chromosome polymorphisms were evident with 11 patterns that differed in size and number of the chromosomal bands. The number of the bands varied from 4 to 7 with sizes ranging from about 1.0 to 2.7 Mb. Twelve strains were selected for determining their growth capacity and volatile compound production in two wheys (raw cheese whey and ricotta cheese whey) under limited oxygen availability. The growth kinetics highlighted four different biotypes and the influence of whey composition on K. marxianus development. The main volatile compounds detected after the growth were alcohols, acids, esters, ketones and aldehydes. Ethanol was the most abundant in both wheys. Aldehydes and other minor compounds were produced only when the strains were inoculated in ricotta cheese whey, while esters, butanoic, decanoic and octanoic acids were qualitatively and quantitatively more present in raw cheese whey. This study highlights a great genetic and metabolic biodiversity within Pecorino di Farindola K. marxianus strains and it could be exploited to improve the knowledge of this yeast for biotechnological uses.
authors: Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via C.R. Lerici 1, 64023 Mosciano Sant' Angelo, TE, Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Fasoli
authors: Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via C.R. Lerici 1, 64023 Mosciano Sant' Angelo, TE, Italy. Electronic address: rtofalo@unite.it.
authors: Rosanna
authors: R
authors: Tofalo
authors: Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors: Rosalba
authors: R
authors: Lanciotti
authors: Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via C.R. Lerici 1, 64023 Mosciano Sant' Angelo, TE, Italy.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Schirone
authors: Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Patrignani
authors: Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via C.R. Lerici 1, 64023 Mosciano Sant' Angelo, TE, Italy.
authors: Giorgia
authors: G
authors: Perpetuini
authors: Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Grazia
authors: Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via C.R. Lerici 1, 64023 Mosciano Sant' Angelo, TE, Italy.
authors: Aldo
authors: A
authors: Corsetti
authors: Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via C.R. Lerici 1, 64023 Mosciano Sant' Angelo, TE, Italy.
authors: Giovanna
authors: G
authors: Suzzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D001709:Biotechnology; D002417:Cattle; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology*; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D023061:Gene Order; D007716:Kluyveromyces / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000067796:Whey / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Cheese; Dairy yeasts; Kluyveromyces marxianus; PFGE analysis; Parmigiano Reggiano; Pecorino di Farindola; Volatile organic compounds