title: Effects of Dietary Contamination by Zearalenone and Its Metabolites on Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone: Impact on the Reproductive Performance of Breeding Cows.
abstract: We investigated the effects of in vivo exposure to low zearalenone levels on the anti-Müllerian hormone endocrine levels and the reproductive performance of cattle. Urine and blood samples and reproductive records were collected from two Japanese Black breeding female cattle herds with dietary zearalenone contamination below the threshold levels (<1 ppm) at 30 days after calving. Urinary zearalenone, α-zearalenol and β-zearalenol concentrations were measured by chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and serum anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations were determined along with serum biochemical parameters. Urinary concentrations of α-zearalenol were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in cattle in Herd 1 than in cattle in Herd 2, reflecting the different amounts of zearalenone in the diet of the two herds. Although the number of 5-mm and 10-mm follicles of the herds and their fertility after artificial insemination were similar, the serum anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations in herds 1 and 2 were 438.9 ± 48.6 pg/ml and 618.9 ± 80.0 pg/ml, respectively, with a trend towards a significant difference (p = 0.053), which may indicate differences in the antral follicle populations between herds. Thus, zearalenone intake from dietary feed, even when below the threshold zearalenone contamination level permitted in Japan, may affect the ovarian antral follicle populations, but not the fertility, of post-partum cows.
authors: Laboratory of Farm Animal Production Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.|Shepherd Central Livestock Clinic, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Fushimi
authors: Laboratory of Farm Animal Production Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Takagi
authors: INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France.|CNRS, UMR7247, Nouzilly, France.|Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France.|IFCE, Nouzilly, France.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Monniaux
authors: Faculty of Fisheries, The Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Uno
authors: Faculty of Fisheries, The Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Kokushi
authors: Laboratory of Farm Animal Production Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Shinya
authors: Field Center of Animal Science and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Kawashima
authors: Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Otoi
authors: Laboratory of Farm Animal Production Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Deguchi
authors: Division of Veterinary Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan, the Netherlands.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Fink-Gremmels
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D005506:Food Contamination; D007564:Japan; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015025:Zearalenone; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone