title: Considerations on the use of enzyme-assisted extraction in combination with pressurized liquids to recover bioactive compounds from algae.
abstract: Pressurized liquids, PLE, and enzyme-assisted extraction, EAE, have been tested to improve the extraction of phlorotannins from the seaweed Sargassum muticum. Enzymatic treatment with proteases and carbohydrases, alkaline hydrolysis and PLE with ethanol:water as extracting solvent have been studied in terms of extraction yield, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (TEAC assay). Results demonstrated that the application of PLE alone provided the highest yields and relevant antioxidant activity. An experimental design was employed to further optimize the PLE extraction conditions; optimum parameters included the use of 160 °C and 95% ethanol. Under these conditions, values of 21.9%, 94.0mg gallic acid equivalents g(-1), 5.018 mg phloroglucinol equivalents g(-1) and 1.275 mmol trolox equivalents g(-1) were obtained for extraction yield, total phenols, total phlorotannins and TEAC, respectively. A preliminary chemical characterization by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry provided insight in terms of the mechanisms involved in the different processes.
authors: Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: Andrea del Pilar
authors: Adel P
authors: Sánchez-Camargo
authors: Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: Lidia
authors: L
authors: Montero
authors: LEMAR UMR CNRS UBO IRD IFREMER 6539, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, Plouzané 29280, France.
authors: Valérie
authors: V
authors: Stiger-Pouvreau
authors: LEMAR UMR CNRS UBO IRD IFREMER 6539, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, Plouzané 29280, France.
authors: Anaëlle
authors: A
authors: Tanniou
authors: Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: Cifuentes
authors: Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: m.herrero@csic.es.
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Herrero
authors: Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Ibáñez
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D044647:Sargassum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Enzyme-assisted extraction; Experimental design; HPLC-DAD–MS/MS; PLE; Phlorotannins; Sargassum muticum