title: The expression of MAGE-C1 and MAGE-C2 in breast cancer and their clinical significance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our study aims to analyze the expression pattern, mechanism, and prognostic significance of melanoma-associated antigen MAGE-C1 and MAGE-C2 in breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the expressions of MAGE-C1 and MAGE-C2 in breast benign disease specimens, tumor-free breast specimens, and breast cancer specimens; their correlation with clinicopathologic parameters and recurrence-free survival was elucidated. We examined the influence of DNA methylase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR) together with histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A on the expression of MAGE-C1 and MAGE-C2 in breast cancer cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proteins for MAGE-C1 and MAGE-C2 expressions were 38.3% and 58.3% in breast cancer specimens, messenger RNA for MAGE-C1 and MAGE-C2 expressions were 43.3% and 61.7%, respectively. MAGE-C1 and MAGE-C2 expressions were positively associated with high tumor grade and reduced recurrence-free survival; MAGE-C2 expression was also associated with tumor embolus and histologic type. 5-aza-CdR treatment alone could induce expression of MAGE-C2, whereas trichostatin A was able to synergistically enhance 5-aza-CdR-mediated MAGE-C2 transcription.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MAGE-C1 and MAGE-C2 maybe potential targets for tumor immunotherapy, and their expressions are associated with advanced breast cancer and poor outcome.
authors: Department of Immunology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12th, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shuyun
authors: S
authors: Hou
authors: Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12th, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Meixiang
authors: M
authors: Sang
authors: Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12th, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Lianmei
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ran
authors: R
authors: Hou
authors: Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12th, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: baoenshan1962@hotmail.com.
authors: Baoen
authors: B
authors: Shan
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C110905:MAGEC1 protein, human; C405429:MAGEC2 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins
keywords: 5-Aza-CdR; Breast cancer; MAGE-C1; MAGE-C2; Prognosis; TSA