title: Toxic Identification and Evaluation of Androgen Receptor Antagonistic Activities in Acid-Treated Liver Extracts of High-Trophic Level Wild Animals from Japan.
abstract: Sulfuric acid-treated liver extracts of representative high-trophic level Japanese animals were analyzed by toxic identification and evaluation (TIE) with chemically activated luciferase expression (CALUX) and chemical analysis to elucidate androgen receptor (AR) antagonistic activities and potential contributions of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The activities were detected in striped dolphins (n = 5), Stejneger's beaked whales (n = 6), golden eagle (n = 1), and Steller's sea eagle (n = 1) with CALUX-flutamide equivalents (FluEQs) as follow: 38 (20-52), 47 (21-96), 5.0, and 80 μg FluEQ/g-lipid, respectively. The AR antagonism was detected in limited number of specimens at lower levels for finless porpoise, raccoon dog, and common cormorant. Theoretical activities (Theo-FluEQs) were calculated using the concentration of OCPs and PCBs and their IC25-based relative potency (REP) values. These total contribution to CALUX-FluEQ was 126%, 84%, 53%, 55%, and 44% for striped dolphin, Steller's sea eagle, Stejneger's beaked whale, finless porpoise, and golden eagle, respectively, and the main contributor was p,p'-DDE. However, most of the activities for raccoon dog (7.6%) and common cormorant (17%) could not be explained by OCPs and PCBs. This suggests other unknown compounds could function as AR antagonists in these terrestrial species.
authors: Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan.|School of Nursing, University of Shizuoka , Yada 52-1, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Misaki
authors: Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) , Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba 305-8506, Ibaraki Japan.
authors: Go
authors: G
authors: Suzuki
authors: Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan.
authors: Nguyen Minh
authors: NM
authors: Tue
authors: Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan.
authors: Shin
authors: S
authors: Takahashi
authors: Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan.
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Someya
authors: Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) , Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba 305-8506, Ibaraki Japan.
authors: Hidetaka
authors: H
authors: Takigami
authors: National Museum of Nature and Science, Hyakunin-cho 3-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan.
authors: Yuko
authors: Y
authors: Tajima
authors: National Museum of Nature and Science, Hyakunin-cho 3-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan.
authors: Tadasu K
authors: TK
authors: Yamada
authors: Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University , Bunkyo-cho 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
authors: Masao
authors: M
authors: Amano
authors: Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan.
authors: Tomohiko
authors: T
authors: Isobe
authors: Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan.
authors: Shinsuke
authors: S
authors: Tanabe
mesh_terms: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000378:metabolism; D001717:Birds; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000032:analysis; D020307:Eagles; D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D020387:Food Chain; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D007564:Japan; D008110:Liver Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D019576:Porpoises; D046031:Raccoon Dogs; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D014907:Whales / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D008110:Liver Extracts; D010575:Pesticides; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls