title: Accumulation of CD5+CD19+B lymphocytes expressing PD-1 and PD-1L in hypertrophied pharyngeal tonsils.
abstract: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is one of the most important inhibitory co-receptors expressed predominantly on activated T and B lymphocytes whose expression could be sustained by permanent antigenic stimulation accompanying chronic or recurrent tonsillitis. The expression of PD-1 and PD-1L was analyzed using flow cytometry on hypertrophied tonsils collected from 57 children. We observed high expression of PD-1 and PD-1L on certain lymphocytes subpopulations of hypertrophied tonsils; among T cells, the expression of PD-1 on protein level was higher on CD4+cells (70.3 %) than on CD8+cells (35 %). Interestingly, a limited expression of PD-1 was observed on CD19+B lymphocytes (6.5 %), while CD5+CD19+B cells overexpressed PD-1 (52.5 %). Moreover, the expression of PD-1L was also higher on CD5+CD19+B cells (16.5 %) than on CD19+B cells (3.5 %) and on CD4+T cells (20 %) than on CD8+T cells (10 %). PD-1 and PD-1L expressions correlated only on CD5+CD19+cells. In conclusion, high expression of PD-1 and PD-1L on T and B cells could represent hallmark of immune system adaptation to chronic antigenic exposition in patients with tonsillitis.
authors: Experimental Hematooncology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20093, Lublin, Poland.
authors: Paulina
authors: P
authors: Wlasiuk
authors: Otoneurology Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 2, 20093, Lublin, Poland.
authors: Artur
authors: A
authors: Niedzielski
authors: Experimental Hematooncology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20093, Lublin, Poland.
authors: Katarzyna
authors: K
authors: Skorka
authors: Experimental Hematooncology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20093, Lublin, Poland.
authors: Agnieszka
authors: A
authors: Karczmarczyk
authors: Experimental Hematooncology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20093, Lublin, Poland.
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Zaleska
authors: Experimental Hematooncology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20093, Lublin, Poland.
authors: Malgorzata
authors: M
authors: Zajac
authors: Experimental Hematooncology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20093, Lublin, Poland.
authors: Maciej
authors: M
authors: Putowski
authors: Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 2, 20093, Lublin, Poland.
authors: Elzbieta
authors: E
authors: Pac-Kozuchowska
authors: Experimental Hematooncology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20093, Lublin, Poland. krzysztof.giannopoulos@gmail.com.
authors: Krzysztof
authors: K
authors: Giannopoulos
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D018956:CD5 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D061027:Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018941:Antigens, CD19; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C000604811:CD19 molecule, human; C423236:CD274 protein, human; D018956:CD5 Antigens; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; C556977:PDCD1LG2 protein, human; D061027:Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
keywords: CD5+CD19+ B cells; Chronic antigenic stimulation; PD-1; PD-1L; Tonsillitis