title: Increase in Dickkopf-1 Serum Level in Recent Spondyloarthritis. Data from the DESIR Cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate DKK-1 and SOST serum levels among patients with recent inflammatory back pain (IBP) fulfilling ASAS criteria for SpA and associated factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The DESIR cohort is a prospective, multicenter French cohort of 708 patients with early IBP (duration >3 months and <3 years) suggestive of AxSpA. DKK-1 and SOST serum levels were assessed at baseline and were compared between the subgroup of patients fulfilling ASAS criteria for SpA (n = 486; 68.6%) and 80 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean SOST serum levels were lower in ASAS+ patients than healthy controls (49.21 ± 25.9 vs. 87.8 ± 26 pmol/L; p<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, age (p = 5.4 10-9), CRP level (p<0.0001) and serum DKK-1 level (p = 0.001) were associated with SOST level. Mean DKK-1 serum levels were higher in axial SpA patients than controls (30.03 ± 15.5 vs. 11.6 ± 4.2 pmol/L; p<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, DKK-1 serum levels were associated with male gender (p = 0.03), CRP level (p = 0.006), SOST serum level (p = 0.002) and presence of sacroiliitis on radiography (p = 0.05). Genetic association testing of 10 SNPs encompassing the DKK-1 locus failed to demonstrate a significant contribution of genetics to control of DKK-1 serum levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DKK-1 serum levels were increased and SOST levels were decreased among a large cohort of patients with early axial SpA compared to healthy controls. DKK-1 serum levels were mostly associated with biological inflammation and SOST serum levels.
authors: Institut Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1184, Université Paris-Sud 11, Le kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors: Gaetane
authors: G
authors: Nocturne
authors: Service de rhumatologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Pavy
authors: Institut Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1184, Université Paris-Sud 11, Le kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors: Saida
authors: S
authors: Boudaoud
authors: Service de rhumatologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors: Raphaèle
authors: R
authors: Seror
authors: Service de rhumatologie, CHU, Tours, France; UMR CNRS 7292, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; CIC-INSERM 1415, Tours, France.
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Goupille
authors: Service d'endocrinologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Chanson
authors: Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Désirée
authors: D
authors: van der Heijde
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Floris
authors: F
authors: van Gaalen
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 6, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France.
authors: Francis
authors: F
authors: Berenbaum
authors: Institut Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1184, Université Paris-Sud 11, Le kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service de rhumatologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors: Xavier
authors: X
authors: Mariette
authors: Service de Rhumatologie B, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Karine
authors: K
authors: Briot
authors: Service de radiologie, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France.
authors: Antoine
authors: A
authors: Feydy
authors: Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Créteil, France.
authors: Pascal
authors: P
authors: Claudepierre
authors: Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Dieudé
authors: Rosalind Russell / Ephraim P Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America.
authors: Joanne
authors: J
authors: Nithitham
authors: Rosalind Russell / Ephraim P Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America.
authors: Kimberly E
authors: KE
authors: Taylor
authors: Rosalind Russell / Ephraim P Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America.
authors: Lindsey A
authors: LA
authors: Criswell
authors: Service de Rhumatologie B, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Maxime
authors: M
authors: Dougados
authors: Service de Rhumatologie B, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Roux
authors: Institut Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1184, Université Paris-Sud 11, Le kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service de rhumatologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
authors: Corinne
authors: C
authors: Miceli-Richard
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000328:Adult; D001416:Back Pain / Q000097:blood; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D025241:Spondylarthritis / Q000097:blood*; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; C501126:DKK1 protein, human; D005819:Genetic Markers; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C422903:SOST protein, human