title: Frequency of transmitted drug resistance mutations among treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals at a tertiary care centre in South India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Morbidity and mortality among HIV-1-infected individuals has been dramatically reduced by the implementation of combinational antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the efficiency of these therapies is compromised due to HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRMs).
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected a total of 127 samples from ART-naïve HIV-infected individuals and sequenced the pol gene and analysed for drug resistance mutations using the Calibrated Population Resistance (CPR) tool in the Stanford database.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the 127 clinical samples (100 %) were identified as HIV-1 subtype C. Based on the CPR tool, three strains (2.4 %) had TDRMs, and these were K101E, Y181C and G190A. Our findings correlated well with the WHO surveys conducted in Asia, including India, which consistently reported <5 % TDRM among the specific populations assessed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In countries like India, regular monitoring of TDRMs will provide better information for clinical practice improvement and policy making.
authors: Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. kannangair@cmcvellore.ac.in.
authors: Rajesh
authors: R
authors: Kannangai
authors: Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Shoba
authors: S
authors: David
authors: Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Vijayanand C
authors: VC
authors: Sundaresan
authors: Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Jaiprasath
authors: J
authors: Sachithanandham
authors: Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Mani
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
authors: Ooriapadickal Cherian
authors: OC
authors: Abraham
authors: Department of Dermatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
authors: Susanne Alexander
authors: SA
authors: Pulimood
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
authors: Priscilla
authors: P
authors: Rupali
authors: Sri Sakthi Amma Institute of Biomedical Research Institute, Vellore, India.
authors: Gopalan
authors: G
authors: Sridharan
mesh_terms: D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus