title: Single-Use Energy Sources and Operating Room Time for Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the intraoperative direct costs of a single-use energy device with reusable energy devices during laparoscopic hysterectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial (Canadian Task Force Classification I).
  
  
  METHODS
  An academic hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six women who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy from March 2013 to September 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each patient served as her own control. One side of the uterine attachments was desiccated and transected with the single-use device (Ligasure 5-mm Blunt Tip LF1537 with the Force Triad generator). The other side was desiccated and transected with reusable bipolar forceps (RoBi 5 mm), and transected with monopolar scissors using the same Covidien Force Triad generator. The instrument approach used was randomized to the attending physician who was always on the patient's left side. Resident physicians always operated on the patient's right side and used the converse instruments of the attending physician.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Start time was recorded at the utero-ovarian pedicle and end time was recorded after transection of the uterine artery on the same side. Costs included the single-use device; amortized costs of the generator, reusable instruments, and cords; cleaning and packaging of reusable instruments; and disposal of the single-use device. Operating room time was $94.14/min. We estimated that our single use-device cost $630.14 and had a total time savings of 6.7 min per case, or 3.35 min per side, which could justify the expense of the device. The single-use energy device had significant median time savings (-4.7 min per side, p < .001) and total intraoperative direct cost savings ($254.16 per case).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single-use energy device that both desiccates and cuts significantly reduced operating room time to justify its own cost, and it also reduced total intraoperative direct costs during laparoscopic hysterectomy in our institution. Operating room cost per minute varies between institutions and must be considered before generalizing our results.
authors: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri. Electronic address: holloran@slu.edu.
authors: M Brigid
authors: MB
authors: Holloran-Schwartz
authors: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors: Jeffrey A
authors: JA
authors: Gavard
authors: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors: Jared C
authors: JC
authors: Martin
authors: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Blaskiewicz
authors: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
authors: Patrick P
authors: PP
authors: Yeung
mesh_terms: D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004598:Electrosurgery / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017743:Equipment Reuse / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009873:Operating Rooms; D061646:Operative Time
keywords: Costs; Laparoscopic hysterectomy; Operating room time; Reusable energy devices; Single-use energy device