title: Differential expression of hypothalamic, metabolic and inflammatory genes in response to short-term calorie restriction in juvenile obese- and lean-prone JCR rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Childhood obesity is an important early predictor of adult obesity and associated comorbidities. Common forms of obesity are underpinned by both environmental and genetic factors. However, the rising prevalence of obesity in genetically stable populations strongly suggests that contemporary lifestyle is a premier factor to the disease. In pediatric population, the current treatment/prevention options for obesity are lifestyle interventions such as caloric restriction (CR) and increase physical activity. In obese individuals, CR improves many metabolic parameters in peripheral tissues. Little is known about the effect of CR on the hypothalamus. This study aimed to assess the effect of CR on hypothalamic metabolic gene expression of young obese- and lean-prone animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male juvenile JCR:LA-cp obese-prone rats were freely fed (Obese-FF) or pair fed (Obese-FR) to lean-prone, free-feeding animals (Lean-FF). A group of lean-prone rats (Lean-FR) were matched for relative average degree of CR to Obese-FR rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In free-feeding conditions, obese-prone rats consumed more energy than lean-prone rats (P<0.001) and showed greater increases in body weight, fat mass, plasma glucose, insulin and lipids (P<0.01). These metabolic differences were associated with alterations of feeding-related neuropeptides expression in the hypothalamus, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. When submitted to the same degree of CR, the two genotypes responded differently; hypothalamic inflammatory and oxidative stress gene expression was improved in Obese-FR, while it was worsened in Lean-FR rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate in JCR rats that the metabolic and inflammatory response of the brain to CR is genotype dependent.
authors: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Diane
authors: Department of Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: W D
authors: WD
authors: Pierce
authors: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Mangat
authors: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Borthwick
authors: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Nelson
authors: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Russell
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: C D
authors: CD
authors: Heth
authors: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: R L
authors: RL
authors: Jacobs
authors: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: D F
authors: DF
authors: Vine
authors: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: S D
authors: SD
authors: Proctor