title: Synergic effect of GSTP1 and blood manganese concentrations in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
abstract: We used data from 100 age- and sex-matched case-control pairs (age 2-8 years) from Jamaica to investigate whether there is an interaction between glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes and blood manganese concentrations (BMC) in relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our findings, indicate that among children who had the Ile/Ile genotype for GST pi 1 (GSTP1), those with BMC ≥ 12µg/L had about 4 times higher odds of ASD than those with BMC < 12µg/L, (P=0.03) under a co-dominant genetic model. After adjusting for potential confounders, among the subgroup of children with genotype Ile/Ile, those with BMC ≥ 12µg/L had about six times higher odds of ASD than those with BMC < 12µg/L, (P=0.04). The results were similar when a recessive genetic model was used. These findings suggest a possible synergic effect of BMC andGSTP1in ASD. Since our analysis included a variety of genetic models and was not adjusted for multiple testing, replication in other populations is warranted.
authors: Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030,USA ; Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors: Mohammad H
authors: MH
authors: Rahbar
authors: Department of Child & Adolescent Health, The University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica.
authors: Maureen
authors: M
authors: Samms-Vaughan
authors: Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors: Jianzhong
authors: J
authors: Ma
authors: Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Bressler
authors: Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors: Aisha S
authors: AS
authors: Dickerson
authors: Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors: Manouchehr
authors: M
authors: Hessabi
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
authors: Katherine A
authors: KA
authors: Loveland
authors: Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors: Megan L
authors: ML
authors: Grove
authors: Department of Child & Adolescent Health, The University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica.
authors: Sydonnie
authors: S
authors: Shakespeare-Pellington
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica.
authors: Compton
authors: C
authors: Beecher
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica ; Caribbean Genetics (CARIGEN), The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica.
authors: Wayne
authors: W
authors: McLaughlin
authors: Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Boerwinkle
keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes; Interactions; Jamaica; Manganese; Oxidative stress