title: Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease in Xinjiang Multi-Ethnic Region of China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence and risk factors of congenital heart disease among Xinjiang, northwestern part of China is currently unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  This multiple-ethnic, community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and distribution of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Xinjiang, northwestern part of China. Four major ethnics, Uygur, Han, Kazak, and Hui children in this region were investigated during February 2010 and May 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 14,530 children (0-18 yr) were examined. Of these children, 240 (boys, 43.8%, and girls, 56.3%) were identified with CHD, giving an overall prevalence of 16.5‰ (17.7‰ in Uygur, 6.9‰ in Han, 11.4‰ in Kazak, and 38.1‰ in Hui Chinese, respectively). Ventricular septal defect (VSD, 29.2%), atrial septal defect (ASD, 20.8%), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA, 13.7%), acleistocardia (13.7%), Bicuspid aortic valve (7.9%), pulmonary valve stenosis (5.4%), and tetralogy of fallot (TOF, 4.2%) were common cyanotic and cyanotic defects observed. Compared to non-CHD children, children with CHD had a higher percentage of history of abortion, CHD history of family, consanguinity and premature birth (all P<0.05). In CHD children, 24% of mothers caught a cold, 10% had a febrile illness and 6.7% received antibiotic treatment during the first trimester of pregnancy, that were higher than non-CHD group (all P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall prevalence of CHD in four ethnic children at ages 0-18 yr in Xinjiang was 16.5‰. VSD, ASD and TOF were the most common acyanotic and cyanotic congenital heart defects, respectively. This study also identified some modifiable risk factors that may contribute to the incidence of CHD among the 4 ethnic groups.
authors: Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Fen
authors: F
authors: Liu
authors: Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Yi-Ning
authors: YN
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Xie
authors: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Xiao-Mei
authors: XM
authors: Li
authors: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Zhen-Yan
authors: ZY
authors: Fu
authors: Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Bang-Dang
authors: BD
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Chun-Fang
authors: CF
authors: Shan
authors: Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors: Yi-Tong
authors: YT
authors: Ma
authors: Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
authors: Xiao-Ming
authors: XM
authors: Gao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003490:Cyanosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors