title: Greater basal skeletal muscle AMPKα phosphorylation in men than in women: Associations with anaerobic performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate the association of gender, fibre type composition, and anaerobic performance with the basal skeletal muscle signalling cascades regulating muscle phenotype.
  
  
  METHODS
  Muscle biopsies were obtained from 25 men and 10 women all young and healthy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Protein phosphorylation of Thr(172)AMPKα, Ser(221)ACCβ, Thr(286)CaMKII as well as total protein abundance of PGC-1α, SIRT1, and CnA were measured by Western blot and anaerobic performance by the Wingate test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Percent type I myosin heavy chain (MHC I) was lower in men (37.1 ± 10.4 vs. 58.5 ± 12.5, P < .01). Total, free testosterone and free androgen index were higher in men (11.5, 36.6 and 40.6 fold, respectively, P < .01). AMPKα phosphorylation was 2.2-fold higher in men compared to women (P < .01). Total Ser(221)ACCβ and Thr(286)CaMKII fractional phosphorylation tended to be higher in men (P = .1). PGC1-α and SIRT1 total protein expression was similar in men and women, whereas CnA tended to be higher in men (P = .1). Basal AMPKα phosphorylation was linearly related to the percentage of MHC I in men (r = 0.56; P < .01), but not in women. No association was observed between anaerobic performance and basal phosphorylations in men and women, analysed separately.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, skeletal muscle basal AMPKα phosphorylation is higher in men compared to women, with no apparent effect on anaerobic performance.
authors: a Department of Physical Education , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Campus Universitario de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
authors: Amelia
authors: A
authors: Guadalupe-Grau
authors: a Department of Physical Education , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Campus Universitario de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
authors: Lorena
authors: L
authors: Rodríguez-García
authors: a Department of Physical Education , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Campus Universitario de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Torres-Peralta
authors: a Department of Physical Education , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Campus Universitario de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Morales-Álamo
authors: a Department of Physical Education , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Campus Universitario de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
authors: Jesús Gustavo
authors: JG
authors: Ponce-González
authors: a Department of Physical Education , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Campus Universitario de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
authors: Ismael
authors: I
authors: Pérez-Suarez
authors: a Department of Physical Education , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Campus Universitario de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.|b Genetic Unit , Childhood Hospital-Materno Infantil de Las Palmas , Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
authors: Alfredo
authors: A
authors: Santana
authors: a Department of Physical Education , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Campus Universitario de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
authors: Jose Al
authors: JA
authors: Calbet
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012737:Sex Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C526180:PRKAA1 protein, human; D019703:Calcineurin; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains
keywords: AMPK; anaerobic performance; gender; muscle phenotype; muscle signalling