title: The effects of dietary lead on growth, bioaccumulation and antioxidant capacity in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus.
abstract: Three different diets amended with lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] (100, 500 and 1000mg Pb/kg dry weight) and a Pb-free control diet (1.03mg Pb/kg dry weight) were fed to sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) for 30 days. The patterns of Pb accumulation over time were determined in various tissues (body wall, intestine and respiratory tree), as well as growth performance and antioxidant enzymes activities. Pb accumulation in body wall and intestine increased with time in all dietary Pb treatments. When fed the highest Pb diet, the body wall exhibited the greatest Pb burden (16.37mg Pb/kg tissue wet weight), while Pb content in the intestine (2.68mg Pb/kg tissue wet weight) and the respiratory tree (1.78mg Pb/kg tissue wet weight) were lower than Pb content in the body wall by day 30. The body weight gain (BWG), specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rate (SR) had not been affected by 30 days oral administration of Pb supplemented diet. However, the antioxidant enzymes activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)] of test groups were lower than control group in body wall and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the body wall was opposite after 30 days in sea cucumbers. In summary, this work reports toxic effects in sea cucumber, A. japonicus, after dietary exposure to Pb.
authors: Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: sea_bream@hotmail.com.
authors: Tongjun
authors: T
authors: Ren
authors: Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
authors: Yuzhe
authors: Y
authors: Han
authors: Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China.
authors: Mingling
authors: M
authors: Liao
authors: Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
authors: Fuqiang
authors: F
authors: Wang
authors: Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
authors: Zhiqiang
authors: Z
authors: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000633:toxicity*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000633:toxicity*; D012616:Sea Cucumbers / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009566:Nitrates; D007854:Lead; C017461:lead nitrate; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant capacity; Bioaccumulation; Growth performance; Lead; Sea cucumber