title: Ultrasound in psoriatic arthritis. Can it facilitate a best routine practice in the diagnosis and management of psoriatic arthritis?
abstract: Important advances from both therapeutic and clinical assessment have recently been reported in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Moreover, the constant challenge to provide a more comprehensive assessment of this heterogeneous disease results in a variety of clinical instruments that help the clinician for a global evaluation of both disease activity and responsiveness. The current European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations on the use of imaging suggest the use of ultrasound (US) in chronic arthritis to increase the diagnostic accuracy and improvement of its management as compared to clinical examination alone. Although US findings are not firmly established in daily clinical practice, it demonstrated several positive aspects such as good sensitivity and specificity, acceptable reliability, and adequate sensitivity to change, especially in the peripheral PsA. Additionally, recent works introduced the role of US in the assessment of skin and nails opening interesting area of research. The aim of this paper is to describe the potential role of US in the assessment of PsA and to discuss the current evidence supporting its application in daily clinical practice.
authors: Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, Mexico. dr.gmarwin@gmail.com.|Clinica Reumatologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Jesi, Ancona, Italy. dr.gmarwin@gmail.com.|Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, CP 143898, Mexico City, Mexico. dr.gmarwin@gmail.com.
authors: Marwin
authors: M
authors: Gutierrez
authors: Clinica Reumatologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Jesi, Ancona, Italy. adraghessi@yahoo.com.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Draghessi
authors: Clinica Reumatologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Jesi, Ancona, Italy. chiara.bertolazzi@gmail.com.
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Bertolazzi
authors: Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria and University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. e.gianluca@libero.it.
authors: Gian Luca
authors: GL
authors: Erre
authors: Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, Mexico. vasculitisreumato@gmail.com.
authors: Lina Maria
authors: LM
authors: Saldarriaga-Rivera
authors: Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, Mexico. allorey@yahoo.com.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: López-Reyes
authors: Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, Mexico. javier_astrofan@hotmail.com.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Fernández-Torres
authors: Servicio de Reumatología del Hospital Nacional de Clínicas, Cordoba, Argentina. marceaudisio@gmail.com.
authors: Marcelo J
authors: MJ
authors: Audisio
authors: Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, Mexico. carpineda@yahoo.com.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Pineda
mesh_terms: D015535:Arthritis, Psoriatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D019468:Disease Management; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009262:Nails / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012867:Skin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013710:Tendons / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Enthesitis; Onychopathy; Psoriasis; Psoriatic arthritis; Synovitis; Tenosynovitis; Ultrasound