title: Structural basis of pathogen recognition by an integrated HMA domain in a plant NLR immune receptor.
abstract: Plants have evolved intracellular immune receptors to detect pathogen proteins known as effectors. How these immune receptors detect effectors remains poorly understood. Here we describe the structural basis for direct recognition of AVR-Pik, an effector from the rice blast pathogen, by the rice intracellular NLR immune receptor Pik. AVR-PikD binds a dimer of the Pikp-1 HMA integrated domain with nanomolar affinity. The crystal structure of the Pikp-HMA/AVR-PikD complex enabled design of mutations to alter protein interaction in yeast and in vitro, and perturb effector-mediated response both in a rice cultivar containing Pikp and upon expression of AVR-PikD and Pikp in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. These data reveal the molecular details of a recognition event, mediated by a novel integrated domain in an NLR, which initiates a plant immune response and resistance to rice blast disease. Such studies underpin novel opportunities for engineering disease resistance to plant pathogens in staple food crops.
authors: Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Maqbool
authors: Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Japan.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Saitoh
authors: Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Franceschetti
authors: Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: C E M
authors: CE
authors: Stevenson
authors: Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Japan.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Uemura
authors: Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Japan.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Kanzaki
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: S
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-0315
authors: S
authors: Kamoun
authors: Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Japan.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Terauchi
authors: Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: M J
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3835
authors: MJ
authors: Banfield
mesh_terms: D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D008958:Models, Molecular; D012275:Oryza / Q000276:immunology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic
keywords: biophysics; effector protein; integrated sensor domain; plant biology; plant disease resistance; rice; rice blast disease; structural biology