title: Evaluation of a Novel Artificial Tear in the Prevention and Treatment of Dry Eye in an Animal Model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate effects of a novel multi-ingredient artificial tear formulation containing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in a murine dry eye model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dry eye was induced in mice (C57BL/6) using an intelligently controlled environmental system (ICES). CMC+HA (Optive Fusion™), CMC-only (Refresh Tears(®)), and HA-only (Hycosan(®)) artificial tears and control phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were administered 4 times daily and compared with no treatment (n = 64 eyes per group). During regimen 1 (prevention regimen), mice were administered artificial tears or PBS for 14 days (starting day 0) while they were exposed to ICES, and assessed on days 0 and 14. During regimen 2 (treatment regimen), mice exposed to ICES for 14 days with no intervention were administered artificial tears or PBS for 14 days (starting day 14) while continuing exposure to ICES, and assessed on days 0, 14, and 28. Corneal fluorescein staining and conjunctival goblet cell density were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Artificial tear-treated mice had significantly better outcomes than control groups on corneal staining and goblet cell density (P < 0.01). Mice administered CMC+HA also showed significantly lower corneal fluorescein staining and higher goblet cell density, compared with CMC (P < 0.01) and HA (P < 0.05) in both regimens 1 and 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The artificial tear formulation containing CMC and HA was effective in preventing and treating environmentally induced dry eye. Improvements observed for corneal fluorescein staining and conjunctival goblet cell retention suggest that this combination may be a viable treatment option for dry eye disease.
authors: 1 School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China .
authors: Yujing
authors: Y
authors: She
authors: 1 School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China .
authors: Jinyang
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: 1 School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China .
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Xiao
authors: 1 School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China .
authors: Huihui
authors: H
authors: Lu
authors: 2 Allergan Clinical Research , Allergan, Inc., Irvine, California.
authors: Haixia
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: 2 Allergan Clinical Research , Allergan, Inc., Irvine, California.
authors: Peter A
authors: PA
authors: Simmons
authors: 2 Allergan Clinical Research , Allergan, Inc., Irvine, California.
authors: Joseph G
authors: JG
authors: Vehige
authors: 1 School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China .
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000473:pathology; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000737:chemistry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D065346:Lubricant Eye Drops / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D065346:Lubricant Eye Drops; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; D019793:Fluorescein