title: Anxiety symptoms in Korean elderly individuals: a two-year longitudinal community study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although late-life anxiety occurs frequently and is associated with higher morbidity, few longitudinal studies have been concerned with the evaluation thereof. We investigated the prevalence, incidence, and persistence of anxiety and related factors over a two-year period in community-dwelling Korean elderly individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,204 Korean elderly individuals were evaluated at baseline, and 909 were followed up two years later. The community version of the Geriatric Mental State Schedule was used to estimate anxiety at both baseline and follow-up interviews. We defined "prevalence" as the rate of anxiety symptoms (for both anxiety cases and sub-threshold anxiety) at baseline; "incidence" as the rate of anxiety symptoms at follow-up in those without baseline anxiety symptoms; and "persistence" as the rate of anxiety symptoms at follow-up in those with baseline anxiety symptoms. Associations between various covariates and anxiety status were examined using multivariate logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence, incidence, and persistence of anxiety symptoms were 38.1%, 29.3%, and 41.1%, respectively. Prevalent anxiety symptoms were associated independently with female, rented housing, more stressful life event and medical illness, physical inactivity, depression, insomnia, and lower cognitive function. Incident anxiety symptoms were predicted by older age, female gender, depression, and insomnia; persistent anxiety symptoms were predicted by older age, more medical illness, and baseline depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since depression was associated with prevalent, incident, and persistent anxiety symptoms, effective detection and management thereof is important in older adults to reduce anxiety. Furthermore, preventive collaborative care should be considered, particularly for older, female, insomniac patients.
authors: Department of Psychiatry,Chonnam National University Medical School,Gwangju,South Korea.
authors: Hee-Ju
authors: HJ
authors: Kang
authors: Department of Psychiatry,Chonnam National University Medical School,Gwangju,South Korea.
authors: Kyung-Yeol
authors: KY
authors: Bae
authors: Department of Psychiatry,Chonnam National University Medical School,Gwangju,South Korea.
authors: Sung-Wan
authors: SW
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Psychiatry,Chonnam National University Medical School,Gwangju,South Korea.
authors: Il-Seon
authors: IS
authors: Shin
authors: Department of Psychiatry,Chonnam National University Medical School,Gwangju,South Korea.
authors: Jin-Sang
authors: JS
authors: Yoon
authors: Department of Psychiatry,Chonnam National University Medical School,Gwangju,South Korea.
authors: Jae-Min
authors: JM
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Key words: anxiety; aged; depression; insomnia; longitudinal study