title: The contribution of subsidized food commodities to total energy intake among US adults.
abstract: The contribution of subsidized food commodities to total food consumption is unknown. We estimated the proportion of individual energy intake from food commodities receiving the largest subsidies from 1995 to 2010 (corn, soyabeans, wheat, rice, sorghum, dairy and livestock).
  
  
  
  Integrating information from three federal databases (MyPyramid Equivalents, Food Intakes Converted to Retail Commodities, and What We Eat in America) with data from the 2001-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we computed a Subsidy Score representing the percentage of total energy intake from subsidized commodities. We examined the score's distribution and the probability of having a 'high' (≥70th percentile) v. 'low' (≤30th percentile) score, across the population and subgroups, using multivariate logistic regression.
  
  
  
  Community-dwelling adults in the USA.
  
  
  
  Participants (n 11 811) aged 18-64 years.
  
  
  
  Median Subsidy Score was 56·7 % (interquartile range 47·2-65·4 %). Younger, less educated, poorer, and Mexican Americans had higher scores. After controlling for covariates, age, education and income remained independently associated with the score: compared with individuals aged 55-64 years, individuals aged 18-24 years had a 50 % higher probability of having a high score (P<0·0001). Individuals reporting less than high-school education had 21 % higher probability of having a high score than individuals reporting college completion or higher (P=0·003); individuals in the lowest tertile of income had an 11 % higher probability of having a high score compared with individuals in the highest tertile (P=0·02).
  
  
  
  Over 50 % of energy in US diets is derived from federally subsidized commodities.
authors: 1Division of Diabetes Translation,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,4770 Buford Highway,Atlanta,GA 30341,USA.
authors: Karen R
authors: KR
authors: Siegel
authors: 1Division of Diabetes Translation,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,4770 Buford Highway,Atlanta,GA 30341,USA.
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: McKeever Bullard
authors: 1Division of Diabetes Translation,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,4770 Buford Highway,Atlanta,GA 30341,USA.
authors: Mohammed K
authors: MK
authors: Ali
authors: 2Hubert Department of Global Health,Emory University,Atlanta,GA,USA.
authors: Aryeh D
authors: AD
authors: Stein
authors: 1Division of Diabetes Translation,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,4770 Buford Highway,Atlanta,GA 30341,USA.
authors: Henry S
authors: HS
authors: Kahn
authors: 2Hubert Department of Global Health,Emory University,Atlanta,GA,USA.
authors: Neil K
authors: NK
authors: Mehta
authors: 2Hubert Department of Global Health,Emory University,Atlanta,GA,USA.
authors: Amy
authors: A
authors: Webb Girard
authors: 2Hubert Department of Global Health,Emory University,Atlanta,GA,USA.
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Narayan
authors: 1Division of Diabetes Translation,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,4770 Buford Highway,Atlanta,GA 30341,USA.
authors: Giuseppina
authors: G
authors: Imperatore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000383:Agriculture / Q000191:economics*; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005380:Financing, Government; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Diabetes; Dietary intake; National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys; Obesity; Subsidized food commodities