title: Enantioselective and Synergetic Toxicity of Axial Chiral Herbicide Propisochlor to SP2/0 Myeloma Cells.
abstract: The axial chiral herbicide propisochlor is used to control weeds. Different enantiomers of a compound usually have different biological activities. It is unclear how the toxicities of the propisochlor enantiomers differ. Propisochlor enantiomers, separated by high-performance liquid chromatography, were tested on SP2/0 myeloma cells. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were measured, and interactions between the enantiomers were evaluated. The rac-propisochlor, pure R-(+) isomer, and pure S-(-) isomer inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. The rac-propisochlor, R-(+) isomer, and S-(-) isomer half maximal effective concentration values after 24 h of incubation were 111 ± 0.15, 68 ± 0.09, and 99 ± 0.21 μM, respectively. R-(+) isomer induced the most apoptosis. R-(+) isomer was ∼1.63 times more cytotoxic than rac-propisochlor and ∼1.46 times more cytotoxic than S-(-) isomer. Antagonistic cytotoxic interactions were found between R-(+) and S-(-) isomers. This is the first time the toxicities of these enantiomers and antagonism between the enantiomers have been reported. The antagonism indicates that the ecotoxicological effects of the enantiomers should be investigated.
authors: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yao
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xuan
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China.
authors: Chunhong
authors: C
authors: Liu
authors: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ruili
authors: R
authors: Yang
authors: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhenlin
authors: Z
authors: Xu
authors: Central Laboratory, Navy General Hospital , Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.
authors: Lijun
authors: L
authors: Zhou
authors: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yuanming
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hongtao
authors: H
authors: Lei
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D006540:Herbicides; C470819:propisochlor
keywords: SP2/0; axial chirality; cytotoxicity; enantiomers; propisochlor