title: Administration of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 suppresses macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice.
abstract: Administration of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 (LG2055) has been shown to prevent body weight gain and it also down-regulates the expression of the Ccl2 gene in adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice. The CC chemokine ligand 2 has a crucial role in macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, which is known to exacerbate inflammation. However, it is not yet known how LG2055 affects the invasion of macrophages into adipose tissue. C57BL/6J male mice were fed a normal-fat diet (10 % energy fat), high-fat diet (HFD; 45 % energy fat), or HFD containing LG2055 for 12 weeks. After the feeding period, gene expression and macrophage population in adipose tissue were analysed by real-time PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. Body weight and abdominal fat weight were not altered by feeding LG2055. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the population of macrophages in adipose tissue was significantly reduced by feeding LG2055 compared with HFD only. Furthermore, the ratio of classically activated inflammatory macrophages (M1 macrophages) to total macrophages was significantly decreased in the LG2055-fed group. The expressions of Ccl2, Ccr2 and Lep were down-regulated and that of Il6, Tnf and Nos2 tended to be down-regulated in adipose tissue by feeding LG2055. In addition, fasting glucose levels were significantly decreased in the LG2055-fed group. These data suggest that administration of LG2055 might attenuate inflammation, which is caused by the intake of an HFD, through the inhibition of macrophage invasion into adipose tissue.
authors: Milk Science Research Institute,Megmilk Snow Brand Co. Ltd,1-1-2 Minamidai,Kawagoe,Saitama 350-1165,Japan.
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Ukibe
authors: Milk Science Research Institute,Megmilk Snow Brand Co. Ltd,1-1-2 Minamidai,Kawagoe,Saitama 350-1165,Japan.
authors: Masaya
authors: M
authors: Miyoshi
authors: Milk Science Research Institute,Megmilk Snow Brand Co. Ltd,1-1-2 Minamidai,Kawagoe,Saitama 350-1165,Japan.
authors: Yukio
authors: Y
authors: Kadooka
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D002149:Energy Intake; D007249:Inflammation / Q000628:therapy; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007778:Lactobacillus; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000628:therapy; D054390:Receptors, CCR2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C491768:Ccl2 protein, mouse; C515335:Ccr2 protein, mouse; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse
keywords: CFU colony-forming units; HFD high-fat diet; HFLGD HFD containing LG2055; HOMA-IR homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; Inflammation; LAB lactic acid bacteria; LG2055 Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055; Macrophages; NFD normal-fat diet; Obesity; Probiotics; SVF stromal vascular fraction