title: Higher Trophic Levels Overwhelm Climate Change Impacts on Terrestrial Ecosystem Functioning.
abstract: Forest floor food webs play pivotal roles in carbon cycling, but they are rarely considered in models of carbon fluxes, including soil carbon dioxide emissions (respiration), under climatic warming. The indirect effects of invertebrates on heterotrophic (microbial and invertebrate) respiration through interactions with microbial communities are significant and will be altered by warming. However, the interactive effects of invertebrates and warming on heterotrophic respiration in the field are poorly understood. In this study we combined field and common garden laboratory approaches to examine relationships between warming, forest floor food web structure, and heterotrophic respiration. We found that soil animals can overwhelm the effects of warming (to 5 degrees Celsius above ambient) on heterotrophic respiration. In particular, the presence of higher trophic levels and burrowing detritivores strongly determined heterotrophic respiration rates in temperate forest soils. These effects were, however, context-dependent, with greater effects in a lower-latitude site. Without isolating and including the significant impact of invertebrates, climate models will be incomplete, hindering well-informed policy decisions.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, United States of America.
authors: Shannon L
authors: SL
authors: Pelini
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, United States of America.
authors: Audrey M
authors: AM
authors: Maran
authors: Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA, 01366, United States of America.
authors: Angus R
authors: AR
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, United States of America; Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA, 01366, United States of America.
authors: Justine
authors: J
authors: Kaseman
authors: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States of America.
authors: Thomas W
authors: TW
authors: Crowther
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019069:Cell Respiration; D057231:Climate Change; D017753:Ecosystem; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D012987:Soil