title: Implication of sperm chromosomal abnormalities in recurrent abortion and multiple implantation failure.
abstract: Currently, some infertility treatment centres provide sperm karyotype analysis, although the impact of sperm chromosomal abnormalities on fertility is not yet fully understood. Several studies using fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) to analyse sperm chromosomal constitution discovered that the incidence of aneuploidy is increased in individuals with a history of repeated abortion or implantation failure and is even higher in cases of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), abnormal somatic karyotype or in spermatozoa retrieved directly from the testis or epididymis, showing that the application of FISH in these cases may be of some benefit for improving the reproductive outcome. This article presents the results of clinical trials of FISH analysis on spermatozoa, the medical indications for performing this examination, its results in infertile patients and the advantages when performing genetic counselling prior to treatment. Also discussed is the possibility of applying the latest techniques of genetic analysis in these cases and the potential benefits for improving the prognosis of male infertility.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital EPE Espirito Santo, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal. Electronic address: laracaseiro@gmail.com.
authors: Ana Lara
authors: AL
authors: Caseiro
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital EPE Espirito Santo, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Regalo
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital EPE Espirito Santo, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal.
authors: Elisa
authors: E
authors: Pereira
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital EPE Espirito Santo, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal.
authors: Telma
authors: T
authors: Esteves
authors: Infertility Department, Hospital Espirito Santo EPE, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811, Évora, Portugal.
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Fernandes
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital EPE Espirito Santo, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal.
authors: Joaquim
authors: J
authors: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000235:genetics*; D000782:Aneuploidy; D053627:Asthenozoospermia / Q000235:genetics; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005817:Genetic Counseling; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000235:genetics*; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities*
keywords: chromosomal abnormalities; implantation failure; male infertility; recurrent abortion; sperm FISH