title: The processing of voice identity in developmental prosopagnosia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Developmental prosopagnosia is a disorder of face recognition that is believed to reflect impairments of visual mechanisms. However, voice recognition has rarely been evaluated in developmental prosopagnosia to clarify if it is modality-specific or part of a multi-modal person recognition syndrome.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to examine whether voice discrimination and/or recognition are impaired in subjects with developmental prosopagnosia.
  
  
  METHODS
  73 healthy controls and 12 subjects with developmental prosopagnosia performed a match-to-sample test of voice discrimination and a test of short-term voice familiarity, as well as a questionnaire about face and voice identification in daily life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven subjects with developmental prosopagnosia scored within the normal range for voice discrimination and voice recognition. One was impaired on discrimination and borderline for recognition, with equivalent scores for face and voice recognition, despite being unaware of voice processing problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most subjects with developmental prosopagnosia are not impaired in short-term voice familiarity, providing evidence that developmental prosopagnosia is usually a modality-specific disorder of face recognition. However, there may be heterogeneity, with a minority having additional voice processing deficits. Objective tests of voice recognition should be integrated into the diagnostic evaluation of this disorder to distinguish it from a multi-modal person recognition syndrome.
authors: Human Vision and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: r.liu@alumni.ubc.ca.
authors: Ran R
authors: RR
authors: Liu
authors: Human Vision and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: sherryse.corrow@eyecarecentre.org.
authors: Sherryse L
authors: SL
authors: Corrow
authors: Human Vision and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: raikap@gmail.com.
authors: Raika
authors: R
authors: Pancaroglu
authors: Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA. Electronic address: bradley.c.duchaine@dartmouth.edu.
authors: Brad
authors: B
authors: Duchaine
authors: Human Vision and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: jasonbarton@shaw.ca.
authors: Jason J S
authors: JJ
authors: Barton
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D020238:Prosopagnosia / Q000523:psychology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D014831:Voice; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Familiarity; Multi-modal; Person recognition; Semantic; Voice perception