title: Intranasal nanoemulsion-based inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccines protect against viral challenge in cotton rats.
abstract: Respiratory Syncytial Virus is a leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants, the elderly and individuals with compromised immune systems. Despite decades of research, there is currently no available vaccine for RSV. Our group has previously demonstrated that intranasal immunization of mice with RSV inactivated by and adjuvanted with W805EC nanoemulsion elicits robust humoral and cellular immune responses, resulting in protection against RSV infection. This protection was achieved without the induction of airway hyper-reactivity or a Th2-skewed immune response. The cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus has been used for years as an excellent small animal model of RSV disease. Thus, we extended these rodent studies to the more permissive cotton rat model. Intranasal immunization of the nanoemulsion-adjuvanted RSV vaccines induced high antibody titers and a robust Th1-skewed cellular response. Importantly, vaccination provided sterilizing cross-protective immunity against a heterologous RSV challenge and did not induce marked or severe histological effects or eosinophilia in the lung after viral challenge. Overall, these data demonstrate that nanoemulsion-formulated whole RSV vaccines are both safe and effective for immunization in multiple animal models.
authors: a Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences; University of Michigan Medical School ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Jessica J
authors: JJ
authors: O'Konek
authors: a Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences; University of Michigan Medical School ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.|b The Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine; Medical School; University of Michigan ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Paul E
authors: PE
authors: Makidon
authors: a Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences; University of Michigan Medical School ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Jeffrey J
authors: JJ
authors: Landers
authors: a Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences; University of Michigan Medical School ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Zhengyi
authors: Z
authors: Cao
authors: c NanoBio Corporation ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Carrie-Anne
authors: CA
authors: Malinczak
authors: c NanoBio Corporation ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Jessie
authors: J
authors: Pannu
authors: c NanoBio Corporation ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Sun
authors: c NanoBio Corporation ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Vira
authors: V
authors: Bitko
authors: c NanoBio Corporation ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Ciotti
authors: c NanoBio Corporation ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Tarek
authors: T
authors: Hamouda
authors: d Drug Development Preclinical Services, LLC ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Zbigniew W
authors: ZW
authors: Wojcinski
authors: e Department of Pathology ; University of Michigan ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Nicholas W
authors: NW
authors: Lukacs
authors: c NanoBio Corporation ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Fattom
authors: a Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences; University of Michigan Medical School ; Ann Arbor , MI USA.
authors: James R
authors: JR
authors: Baker
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D001988:Bronchiolitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D056738:Cross Protection / Q000276:immunology; D004655:Emulsions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000276:immunology; D016205:Sigmodontinae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004655:Emulsions; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins
keywords: RSV; adjuvant; immunogenicity; intranasal vaccination; nanoemulsion; vaccine