title: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity among children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are the second-most frequent drugs that cause hypersensitivity reactions among children. Studies related to NSAIDs hypersensitivity in children are limited. In this study, we aimed to evaluate children admitted with suspicion of NSAIDs reaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1, 2011, and November 30, 2014, we included patients with suspicion of NSAIDs hypersensitivity in our clinic. For evaluation, skin tests and oral provocation tests with the drug (suspected or alternative) were proposed. Reactions were classified and defined according to the latest European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology position paper on NSAID hypersensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 123 patients (with 136 drug reactions) were admitted to our clinic with suspected NSAID hypersensitivity. The mean (standard deviation) age of the patients, 67 female (55%), was 83.10 ± 56.05 months. Thirteen patients described reactions to more than one chemically unrelated NSAID, and 110 patients described reactions with chemically similar drugs. Eight patients were not included because they did not have provocation tests. Thus, 115 patients were evaluated. A hundred and thirty provocations were performed. Twenty patients (17.4%) were diagnosed with NSAID hypersensitivity (13 patients diagnosed by provocation tests and 7 patients diagnosed according to their history). The most frequently encountered agent was ibuprofen (50% [10/20]). Eighty percent (16 patients) of the reactions were considered "non-cross-reactive type." Fifteen patients (75%) were classified as having single-NSAID-induced urticaria and/or angioedema, three patients were classified as having NSAID-induced urticaria and/or angioedema, one patient was classified as having NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease, and the other patients were classified as having single-NSAID-induced delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detailed history and drug provocation tests are important to verify NSAID hypersensitivity. The most common type is the non-cross-reactive type, and, in our study, the most common responsible drug was ibuprofen.
authors: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara Children's Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Hakan
authors: H
authors: Guvenir
authors: Emine
authors: E
authors: Dibek Misirlioglu
authors: Emine
authors: E
authors: Vezir
authors: Muge
authors: M
authors: Toyran
authors: Tayfur
authors: T
authors: Ginis
authors: Ersoy
authors: E
authors: Civelek
authors: Can N
authors: CN
authors: Kocabas
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000485:Allergens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007114:Immunization; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012882:Skin Tests
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000082:Acetaminophen; D007052:Ibuprofen