title: Aurantimicrobium minutum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel ultramicrobacterium of the family Microbacteriaceae, isolated from river water.
abstract: A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile, curved (selenoid), rod-shaped actinobacterium, designated KNCT, was isolated from the 0.2 μm-filtrate of river water in western Japan. Cells of strain KNCT were ultramicrosized (0.04-0.05 μm3). The strain grew at 15-37 °C, with no observable growth at 10 °C or 40 °C. The pH range for growth was 7-9, with weaker growth at pH 10. Growth was impeded by the presence of NaCl at concentrations greater than 1 %. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain KNCT showed relatively high sequence similarity (97.2 %) to Alpinimonas psychrophila Cr8-25T in the family Microbacteriaceae. However, strain KNCT formed an independent cluster with cultured, but as-yet-unidentified, species and environmental clones on the phylogenetic tree. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 (41.0 %), iso-C16 : 0 (21.8 %), C16 : 0 (18.0 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0 (12.9 %), and the major menaquinones were MK-11 (71.3 %) and MK-12 (13.6 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and two unknown glycolipids. The cell-wall muramic acid acyl type was acetyl. The peptidoglycan was B-type, and contained 3-hydroxyglutamic acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, alanine and lysine, with the latter being the diagnostic diamino acid. The G+C content of the genome was unusually low for actinobacteria (52.1 mol%), compared with other genera in the family Microbacteriaceae. Based on the phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic evidence, strain KNCT represents a novel species of a new genus within the family Microbacteriaceae, for which the name Aurantimicrobium minutum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is KNCT ( = NBRC 105389T = NCIMB 14875T).
authors: Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.|Superlative Postdoctoral Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8471, Japan.
authors: Ryosuke
authors: R
authors: Nakai
authors: Transdisciplinary Research Integration Center, Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.
authors: Tomoya
authors: T
authors: Baba
authors: Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.|Department of Genetics, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.
authors: Hironori
authors: H
authors: Niki
authors: Technical Department, TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd, 330 Nagasaki, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka 424-0065, Japan.
authors: Miyuki
authors: M
authors: Nishijima
authors: Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Naganuma
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry; D007564:Japan; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000737:chemistry; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D045483:Rivers / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006017:Glycolipids; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2