title: Risk Factors for Thrombosis Development in Mexican Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To identify inherited factors: Protein C (PC), protein S (PS), antithrombin (AT), plasminogen (Plg), the activated PC resistance (APCR), prothrombin (PT) mutation G20210 A (PTG20210 A) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677 T polymorphism (MTHFR C677 T), as well as acquired-risk factors such as: diabetes mellitus, surgeries, smoking, obesity, hypertension, trauma, alcoholism, family history; and their association, in Mexican patients with diagnostic of thrombophilia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall, 200 patients diagnosed with thrombophilia and 100 healthy controls. Commercial kits were used for the coagulometric tests and polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism for molecular alterations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alterations were found with an estimated prevalence to PC 0.65%, AT 2.04% and Plg 2.5%, APCR 2%, PT 20210 2%, and MTHFR 65%. The C677 T polymorphism of the MTHFR did not associate with acquired-risk factors so we can suppose that it is an independent risk factor. For the patients that only presented acquired-risk factors (21 of 200), the association smoking-alcoholism showed to be the cause of thrombosis with high risk. The following were also associated: smoking with AT, PC, and alcoholism; obesity with Plg; smoking with alcoholism, and PS deficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk factors for both primary and secondary and their association were present as a cause of thrombosis in the patients studied, and the possibility to suffer a recurrent thrombosis.
authors: Pathology Central Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Secretaria de Salud (INR), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: César
authors: C
authors: Zavala-Hernández
authors: Genetic Department, INR, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: edgarhz1969@yahoo.com.mx.
authors: Edgar
authors: E
authors: Hernández-Zamora
authors: Hemostasis and Thrombosis Clinic, Hospital General de México, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Martínez-Murillo
authors: Medical Research Unit in Thrombosis, Hemostasis and Atherogenesis, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Abraham
authors: A
authors: Majluf-Cruz
authors: Cytology Laboratory, Morphology Department, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB IPN), Mexico City, Mexico; Hemostasis and Thrombosis Clinic, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Jorge
authors: J
authors: Vela-Ojeda
authors: Hemostasis and Thrombosis Clinic, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Jaime
authors: J
authors: García-Chávez
authors: Cytology Laboratory, Morphology Department, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB IPN), Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: elbareyesm@gmail.com.
authors: Elba
authors: E
authors: Reyes-Maldonado
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000235:genetics*; D008800:Mexico; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000172:deficiency*; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011516:Prothrombin; D010958:Plasminogen; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)