title: HIV-1 infections with multiple founders are associated with higher viral loads than infections with single founders.
abstract: Given the variation in the HIV-1 viral load (VL) set point across subjects, as opposed to a fairly stable VL over time within an infected individual, it is important to identify the characteristics of the host and virus that affect VL set point. Although recently infected individuals with multiple phylogenetically linked HIV-1 founder variants represent a minority of HIV-1 infections, we found--n two different cohorts--hat more diverse HIV-1 populations in early infection were associated with significantly higher VL 1 year after HIV-1 diagnosis.
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Holly
authors: H
authors: Janes
authors: Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Joshua T
authors: JT
authors: Herbeck
authors: US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.|The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors: Sodsai
authors: S
authors: Tovanabutra
authors: US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.|The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors: Rasmi
authors: R
authors: Thomas
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.|Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Frahm
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Ann
authors: A
authors: Duerr
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Hural
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Lawrence
authors: L
authors: Corey
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Steve G
authors: SG
authors: Self
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Susan P
authors: SP
authors: Buchbinder
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.|Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.|Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.|Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: M Juliana
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2276-7117
authors: MJ
authors: McElrath
authors: Royal Thai Army Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: O'Connell
authors: US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
authors: Robert M
authors: RM
authors: Paris
authors: Thai Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
authors: Supachai
authors: S
authors: Rerks-Ngarm
authors: Royal Thai Army Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Sorachai
authors: S
authors: Nitayaphan
authors: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Punnee
authors: P
authors: Pitisuttihum
authors: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Jaranit
authors: J
authors: Kaewkungwal
authors: US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.|The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors: Merlin L
authors: ML
authors: Robb
authors: US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
authors: Nelson L
authors: NL
authors: Michael
authors: Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: James I
authors: JI
authors: Mullins
authors: US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
authors: Jerome H
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Peter B
authors: PB
authors: Gilbert
authors: US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.|The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors: Morgane
authors: M
authors: Rolland
mesh_terms: D018703:Founder Effect; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D019562:Viral Load