title: Accounting for the daily locations visited in the study of the built environment correlates of recreational walking (the RECORD Cohort Study).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Understanding how built environment characteristics influence recreational walking is of the utmost importance to develop population-level strategies to increase levels of physical activity in a sustainable manner.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study analyzes the residential and non-residential environmental correlates of recreational walking, using precisely geocoded activity space data.
  
  
  METHODS
  The point-based locations regularly visited by 4365 participants of the RECORD Cohort Study (Residential Environment and CORonary heart Disease) were collected between 2011 and 2013 in the Paris region using the VERITAS software (Visualization and Evaluation of Regular Individual Travel destinations and Activity Spaces). Zero-inflated negative binomial regressions were used to investigate associations between both residential and non-residential environmental exposure and overall self-reported recreational walking over 7 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Density of destinations, presence of a lake or waterway, and neighborhood education were associated with an increase in the odds of reporting any recreational walking time. Only the density of destinations was associated with an increase in time spent walking for recreational purpose. Considering the recreational locations visited (i.e., sports and cultural destinations) in addition to the residential neighborhood in the calculation of exposure improved the model fit and increased the environment-walking associations, compared to a model accounting only for the residential space (Akaike Information Criterion equal to 52797 compared to 52815).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Creating an environment supportive to walking around recreational locations may particularly stimulate recreational walking among people willing to use these facilities.
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis, d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 75012 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique,F-75012 Paris, France; Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada. Electronic address: camille.perchoux@umontreal.ca.
authors: Camille
authors: C
authors: Perchoux
authors: Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Kestens
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis, d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 75012 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique,F-75012 Paris, France; Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), 35043 Rennes, France.
authors: Ruben
authors: R
authors: Brondeel
authors: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis, d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 75012 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique,F-75012 Paris, France.
authors: Basile
authors: B
authors: Chaix
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010297:Paris; D011998:Recreation; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D057566:Self Report; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014186:Transportation; D016138:Walking / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Activity space; Built environment; Physical activity; Recreational walking; Urban area