title: Multiplanar reconstructed CT images increased depiction of intracranial hemorrhages in pediatric head trauma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The benefits of multiplanar reconstructed images (MPR) of unenhanced axial head computed tomography (CT) data have not been established in trauma patients younger than 3 years old, a population in which a reliable history and physical examination may be most difficult. We retrospectively evaluated unenhanced head CTs in pediatric trauma patients to investigate the various benefits of MPR in this age group.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 221 unenhanced head CTs performed for any case of head trauma (HT) on children younger than 3 years old were independently reviewed by two radiologists. Studies were reviewed first in the standard axial plane alone and then with the addition of MPR. Reviewers were asked to determine if the MPR affected the ability to make findings of hemorrhage, incidental findings, and artifacts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MPR improved the detection of hemorrhage in 14 cases (6.5 %, p-value < 0.01) and incidental findings in five cases (2.3 %, p-value < 0.05) as well as helped prove artifacts in five cases (2.3 %, p-value < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine use of MPR in HT patients younger than 3 years old has the potential to increase the detection of acute and incidental imaging findings.
authors: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
authors: Stacey
authors: S
authors: Langford
authors: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
authors: Ashok
authors: A
authors: Panigrahy
authors: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
authors: Srikala
authors: S
authors: Narayanan
authors: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
authors: Misun
authors: M
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
authors: Charles
authors: C
authors: Fitz
authors: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
authors: Lynda
authors: L
authors: Flom
authors: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
authors: Vincent Kyu
authors: VK
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA. giulio.zuccoli@gmail.com.
authors: Giulio
authors: G
authors: Zuccoli
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: Abusive head trauma; Brain hemorrhage, traumatic; Craniocerebral trauma; Pediatrics