title: Analysis of the Japanese Diabetes Risk Score and fatty liver markers for incident diabetes in a Japanese cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effectiveness of the Japanese Diabetes Risk Score (JPDRISC) and fatty liver markers for predicting incident diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We created the JPDRISC. The study periods I and II were January 2007 to May 2009 and June 2009 to December 2011, respectively. A total of 2084 people (1389 men, 695 women; mean age: 46 years) were included. People with diabetes in the Period I and those with ethanol intake >140 g/week were excluded. A total of 1515 people were included. Fatty liver using ultrasonography scores (FLUS) were assigned.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean observation period was 26.3 months, and 24 people had developed diabetes between the Periods I and II. In logistic regression analysis, the JPDRISC (OR=1.197, 95% C.I.: 1.062-1.350, p=0.003) and FLUS (OR=2.591, 95% C.I.: 1.411-4.758, p=0.002) in the Period I were independent determinants of incident diabetes. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, sensitivity and specificity for incident diabetes were 0.885 and 0.536, respectively, in people with both FLUS≥1 and the total JPDRISC≥6 in the Period I. The sensitivity was better than the JPDRISC alone (sensitivity 0.696) and FLUS alone (sensitivity 0.750).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  JPDRISC and FLUS were independently associated with incident diabetes and their combination is useful.
authors: Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan; Jikei University Harumi Triton Clinic, Jikei University School of Medicine, 1-8-8 W3 Harumi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0053, Japan. Electronic address: shkatoh@jikei.ac.jp.
authors: Shuichi
authors: S
authors: Katoh
authors: Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 164A, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: markku.peltonen@thl.fi.
authors: Markku
authors: M
authors: Peltonen
authors: Jikei University Harumi Triton Clinic, Jikei University School of Medicine, 1-8-8 W3 Harumi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0053, Japan; Health-Care Center, Gastroenterology & Division of Oncology, Institute of DNA Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan. Electronic address: zeniya@jikei.ac.jp.
authors: Mikio
authors: M
authors: Zeniya
authors: Jikei University Harumi Triton Clinic, Jikei University School of Medicine, 1-8-8 W3 Harumi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0053, Japan. Electronic address: kaji@jikei.ac.jp.
authors: Masanobu
authors: M
authors: Kaji
authors: Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan; Jikei University Harumi Triton Clinic, Jikei University School of Medicine, 1-8-8 W3 Harumi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0053, Japan. Electronic address: ysaka@jikei.ac.jp.
authors: Yoichi
authors: Y
authors: Sakamoto
authors: Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan. Electronic address: kazu-utsunomiya@jikei.ac.jp.
authors: Kazunori
authors: K
authors: Utsunomiya
authors: Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 164A, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Universario LaPaz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28048, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Doktor-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, A-3500, Krems, Austria; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: jaakko.tuomilehto@thl.fi.
authors: Jaakko
authors: J
authors: Tuomilehto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D019540:Area Under Curve; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D002802:Cholinesterases
keywords: Diabetes risk score; Incident diabetes; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Ultrasonography