title: Localized lower extremity ischemic preconditioning prevents against local thrombus formation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has many beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. However, whether localized lower extremity IPC could be protective against the thrombogenic activity generated by lower extremity ischemia is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  41 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to either a IPC group or a sham group. The lower extremity blood inflow was previously treated with 4 cycles of 5 min ischemia followed by 5 min of reperfusion by clamping the abdominal aortic just before ligature of the left iliac vein(LIV) in the IPC group. Rats in the sham group had a 40-minute blank before left iliac vein ligation. The rats were euthanized at day 2 after ligation and the thrombosed LIV was carefully dissected out, while thrombi harvested from the LIV were measured with weight (g), length (mm) and weight/length (mg/mm). Influence of IPC on coagulation function was also tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  21 and 20 rats were randomly assigned to einter the IPC group or the control group. Left iliac vein thrombosis was successfully generated in all 41 rats. IPC significantly protects the rats from experimental lower extremity thrombosis. Compared to control group, generated thrombus in rats in the IPC group showed significantly lower weight (2.73 ± 0.16 mg vs 1.82 ± 0.13 mg, P < 0.001), length (2.99 ± 0.17 mm vs 2.44 ± 0.08 mm, P < 0.009) and density (0.95 ± 0.05 mg/mm vs 0.75 ± 0.05 mg/mm, P = 0.01). Influence on coagulation function by IPC itself was not significant (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated that localized lower extremity IPC could reduce DVT formation in rats in an in vivo experimental thrombosis model.
authors: 1 The Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Joint Disease, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors: Ye
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Mao
authors: Jingwei
authors: J
authors: Lu
authors: Lan
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Wanli
authors: W
authors: Lu
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Jiang
authors: Huajian
authors: H
authors: Teng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning / Q000379:methods*; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: Ischemic preconditioning; deep venous thrombosis; experimental thrombosis model; lower extremity; rat