title: Adenylyl cyclase localization to the uropod of aggregating Dictyostelium cells requires RacC.
abstract: The localization of adenylyl cyclase A (ACA) to uropod of cells is required for the stream formation during Dictyostelium development. RacC is a Dictyostelium orthologue of Cdc42. We identified a streaming defect of racC(-) cells as they are clearly less polarized and form smaller and fragmented streams. ACA-YFP is mainly associated with intracellular vesicular structures, but not with the plasma membrane in racC(-) cells. racC(-) cells have a slightly higher number of vesicles than Ax3 cells, suggesting that the defect of ACA trafficking is not simply due to the lack of vesicle formation. While the ACA-YFP vesicles traveled with an average velocity of 9.1 μm/min in Ax3 cells, a slow and diffusional movement without direction with an average velocity of 4 μm/min was maintained in racC(-) cells. Images acquired by using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis revealed that a significantly decreased number of ACA-YFP vesicles appeared near the cell membrane, indicating a defect in ACA-YFP vesicle trafficking. These results suggest an important role of RacC in the rapid and directional movements of ACA vesicles on microtubules to the plasma membrane, especially to the back of polarized cell.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Jung
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Cao
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA; The School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China. Electronic address: chang.chung@vanderbilt.edu.
authors: C Y
authors: CY
authors: Chung
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000502:physiology; D022081:Cell Surface Extensions / Q000378:metabolism*; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000502:physiology*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology*; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases
keywords: Adenylyl cyclase; Chemotaxis; Dictyostelium; RacC; Trafficking