title: Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Simulated Competition Part I: Metabolic, Hormonal, Cellular Damage, and Heart Rate Responses.
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze physiological responses in Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes during simulated competition. To this end, 10 athletes (age: 28 ± 4 years, body mass: 81.8 ± 7.4 kg, body fat: 13.0 ± 4.8%, systematic practice: 11 ± 4 years) were analyzed in simulated competition (4 matches of 10 minutes). Blood samples were taken to assess energy demand, hormonal responses, and cell damage. Additionally, the heart rate variability (HRV) response was analyzed. The main results show that in simulated competition, during the last matches, athletes had lower lactate (p < 0.001), epinephrine (p < 0.001), norepinephrine (p < 0.001), and insulin (p = 0.002) concentrations. Increases observed in creatine kinase (p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (p < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.007), and creatinine (p < 0.001) seen, especially, in the last matches are indicative of possible cell damage. The HRV reflected a decrease in the RR medium (average of the normal R-R intervals) (p = 0.001) during the competition. Thus, it is concluded that successive matches from competition generate a gradual decrease of adrenergic and glycolytic activities, which is accompanied by a gradual increase in cell damage markers and decrease in the RR medium of the HRV.
authors: 1School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Center of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Sports, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil; 3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and 4Department of Human Physiology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors: Leonardo V
authors: LV
authors: Andreato
authors: Ursula F
authors: UF
authors: Julio
authors: Valeria L G
authors: VL
authors: Panissa
authors: João V D C
authors: JV
authors: Esteves
authors: Felipe
authors: F
authors: Hardt
authors: Solange M F
authors: SM
authors: de Moraes
authors: Camila O
authors: CO
authors: de Souza
authors: Emerson
authors: E
authors: Franchini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001938:Brazil; D003163:Competitive Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D016139:Martial Arts / Q000502:physiology*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019344:Lactic Acid; D013739:Testosterone; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D006854:Hydrocortisone