title: Antimicrobial and Antileishmanial Activities of Diterpenoids Isolated from the Roots of Salvia deserta.
abstract: Four diterpenes with biological activity were isolated from Salvia deserta roots. Taxodione was considered leishmanicidal with an IC50 value of 1.46 µM (0.46 mg/L) against Leishmania donovani and also exhibited antifungal and antimicrobial activities. Ferruginol displayed the greatest activity [24-h IC50 of 4.5 µM (1.29 mg/L)] against the fish pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus iniae. The crude extract fraction that contained the isolated compounds 7-O-acetylhorminone and horminone showed stronger in vitro antibacterial activity (1.3 mg/L for Staphylococcus aureus and 1.1 mg/L for methicillin-resistant S. aureus) than the compounds tested alone. 7-O-Acetylhorminone and horminone exhibited a synergistic effect against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (FIC of 0.2), and horminone had better activity against S. aureus with respect to other compounds isolated from S. deserta roots. In larvicidal bioassays, these extracts and isolated pure compounds did not show any activity at the highest dose of 125 mg/L against 1-d-old Aedes aegypti larvae.
authors: Institute of Biosciences (IB), UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Búfalo
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, Mississippi, U. S. A.
authors: Charles L
authors: CL
authors: Cantrell
authors: National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, U. S. A.
authors: Melissa R
authors: MR
authors: Jacob
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, Mississippi, U. S. A.
authors: Kevin K
authors: KK
authors: Schrader
authors: National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, U. S. A.
authors: Babu L
authors: BL
authors: Tekwani
authors: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Timiriazeva, Republic of Kazakhstan.
authors: Tatyana S
authors: TS
authors: Kustova
authors: National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, U. S. A.
authors: Abbas
authors: A
authors: Ali
authors: Institute of Biosciences (IB), UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Carmen S F
authors: CS
authors: Boaro
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D027544:Salvia
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000962:Antimalarials; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts