title: Apocynin improving cardiac remodeling in chronic renal failure disease is associated with up-regulation of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids.
abstract: Cardiac remodeling is one of the most common cardiac abnormalities and associated with a high mortality in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. Apocynin, a nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibitor, has been showed cardio-protective effects. However, whether apocynin can improve cardiac remodeling in CRF and what is the underlying mechanism are unclear. In the present study, we enrolled 94 participants. In addition, we used 5/6 nephrectomized rats to mimic cardiac remodeling in CRF. Serum levels of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and its mainly metabolic enzyme-soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) were measured. The results showed that the serum levels of EETs were significantly decreased in renocardiac syndrome participants (P < 0.05). In 5/6 nephrectomized CRF model, the ratio of left ventricular weight / body weight, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, and cardiac interstitial fibrosis were significantly increased while ejection fraction significantly decreased (P < 0.05). All these effects could partly be reversed by apocynin. Meanwhile, we found during the process of cardiac remodeling in CRF, apocynin significantly increased the reduced serum levels of EETs and decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of sEH in the heart (P < 0.05). Our findings indicated that the protective effect of apocynin on cardiac remodeling in CRF was associated with the up-regulation of EETs. EETs may be a new mediator for the injury of kidney-heart interactions.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.|Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors: Kun
authors: K
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Cardiology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530000, China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors: Xiaoqiang
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou 510120, China.|Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors: Qingqing
authors: Q
authors: Cai
authors: Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.|Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors: Jingfeng
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.|Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D015126:8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D000098:Acetophenones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000368:Aged; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D059347:Cardio-Renal Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D015854:Up-Regulation; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C107016:14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid; D000098:Acetophenones; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D000804:Angiotensin II; C056165:acetovanillone; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases; D015126:8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid
keywords: Pathology Section; apocynin; cardiac remodeling; chronic renal failure; epoxyeicosatrienoic acids