title: Isolated facial diplegia in Guillain-Barré syndrome: Bifacial weakness with paresthesias.
abstract: Bifacial weakness with paresthesias (BFP) is a subtype of Guillain-Barré syndrome defined by rapidly progressive bilateral facial weakness in the absence of other cranial neuropathies, ataxia, or limb weakness. Many patients also complain of distal limb paresthesias and display diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes. BFP is a localized form of Guillain-Barré syndrome and is thought to be caused exclusively by demyelinating- rather than axonal-type neuropathy. Patients with BFP do not display anti-ganglioside IgG antibodies. Since it is rare, many physicians are unfamiliar with BFP, as bilateral facial weakness is more commonly associated with sarcoidosis, Lyme disease, or meningeal pathology. Many patients diagnosed with bilateral Bell palsy may instead have BFP. In this review, we highlight the clinical features of BFP and outline diagnostic criteria.
authors: Department of Neurology, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, GL1 3NN, UK.|Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors: Benjamin R
authors: BR
authors: Wakerley
authors: Brain & Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors: Nobuhiro
authors: N
authors: Yuki
mesh_terms: D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000150:complications*; D020275:Guillain-Barre Syndrome / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000150:complications; D010292:Paresthesia / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Bell palsy; Guillain-Barré syndrome; Miller Fisher syndrome; bifacial weakness; facial diplegia; paraesthesia