title: Efficacy of progesterone for moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
abstract: Progesterone has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in multiple animal models of brain injury, whereas the efficacy and safety in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains contentious. Here, a total of seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 2492 participants were included to perform this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, there was no significant decrease to be found in the rate of death or vegetative state for patients with acute TBI (RR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.70, 1.09, p = 0.24). Furthermore, progesterone was not associated with good recovery in comparison with placebo (RR = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.88, 1.14, p = 0.95). Together, our study suggested that progesterone did not improve outcomes over placebo in the treatment of acute TBI.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029 China.
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Gaochun Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China.
authors: Hongquan
authors: H
authors: He
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029 China.
authors: Zheng
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029 China.
authors: Yinglong
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029 China.
authors: Honglu
authors: H
authors: Chao
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029 China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Ji
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029 China.
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018458:Persistent Vegetative State / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D015995:Prevalence; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011374:Progesterone