title: Occurrence of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Wild Hosts in Nonmanaged Woodlands and Soybean Fields in North Carolina and Virginia.
abstract: Nonmanaged plants occurring along forest edges and in suburban settings were sampled for brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), in North Carolina (NC) and Virginia (VA) over the course of three growing seasons. Commercial soybeans (Glycine max), an attractive cultivated host, were also sampled in 2014 in NC and in VA from 2010-2014. Very few H. halys were found on nonmanaged plants or soybean fields in the coastal plain region of either state, but substantial populations were recorded in the piedmont and mountain regions. From 2011 to 2013, H. halys comprised from 51 to 97% of all stink bug species observed on nonmanaged plants in the piedmont and mountain regions. In VA, the distribution expanded from detection in 12 counties in 2010 to 53 counties in 2014, with economically damaging levels occurring in the piedmont region. During these studies, H. halys were observed to complete one and a partial second generation per year in western NC and southwestern VA, similar to that previously observed in regions farther north. Several plants were identified as preferred hosts, with tree of heaven, catalpa, yellowwood, paulownia, cherry, walnut, redbud, and grape having consistently high numbers of H. halys. Knowing that these plants are preferred by H. halys during certain stages of the insects' development will aid in the search for H. halys in new areas, as well as serve as one predictor of the likelihood of a certain area to attract and sustain large H. halys populations.
authors: Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, 455 Research Dr., Mills River, NC 28759.
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Bakken
authors: Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, 455 Research Dr., Mills River, NC 28759.
authors: S C
authors: SC
authors: Schoof
authors: Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, 455 Research Dr., Mills River, NC 28759.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Bickerton
authors: Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech University, 170 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061.
authors: K L
authors: KL
authors: Kamminga
authors: Virginia Tech Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 33446 Research Drive, Painter, Virginia 23420.
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Jenrette
authors: Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 6321 Holland Rd., Suffolk, VA 23437.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Malone
authors: Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 2360 Rainwater Rd., Tifton, GA 31793.
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Abney
authors: Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 6321 Holland Rd., Suffolk, VA 23437.
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Herbert
authors: Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Vernon G. James Research & Extension Center, 207 Research Station Rd., Plymouth, NC 27962.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Reisig
authors: Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech University, 170 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061.
authors: T P
authors: TP
authors: Kuhar
authors: Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, 455 Research Dr., Mills River, NC 28759. jim_walgenbach@ncsu.edu.
authors: J F
authors: JF
authors: Walgenbach
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D065928:Forests; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D009657:North Carolina; D009758:Nymph / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D010063:Ovum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012621:Seasons; D013025:Glycine max / Q000254:growth & development*; D014768:Virginia
keywords: Halyomorpha halys; brown marmorated stink bug; host plant; invasive species; phenology