title: Modulatory Effects of Oral Bovine Lactoferrin on the IgA Response at Inductor and Effector Sites of Distal Small Intestine from BALB/c Mice.
abstract: Bovine lactoferrin (bLf) up-modulates intestinal IgA that is essential for homeostasis and which might confer protection to the distal small intestine that is vulnerable to inflammation. This study analyzed the effects of bLf administered orally on the IgA response at inductive (Peyer's patches) and effector (lamina propria) sites of the distal small intestine in mice. Groups of five healthy male BALB/c mice were orally treated with 5 mg of bLf for 7, 14, 21, or 28 days. Then, mice were killed and the distal small intestine was dissected. Intestinal fluid samples were analyzed to determine IgA and IgM levels by enzyme-immuno assay. Peyer's patches and lamina propria were analyzed for IgA(+) or IgM(+) plasma cells, B, CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T cells as well as CD4(+) T cells positive for either pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon-γ and interleukin (IL)-12] or for IgA-producing ILs (IL-4, -5, -10 and -6) by cytofluorometry. Antibodies, antibody-secreting cells, and B and T responses in both Peyer's patches and lamina propria were higher in bLf-treated than bLf-untreated mice. The generation of IL-10 and IL-6 CD4(+) T cells in Peyer's patches or TNF-α and IL-12 CD4(+) T cells in lamina propria showed similar response patterns. On days 14 and 28, cytokine/IL CD4(+) T cell responses were increased in Peyer's patches or decreased in lamina propria. The effect of bLf on the elicitation of IgA indicates a potential application of bLf as a nutraceutical to control inflammation in the distal small intestine.
authors: Research and Graduate Studies Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, CP 11340, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors: Ivonne Maciel
authors: IM
authors: Arciniega-Martínez
authors: Research and Graduate Studies Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, CP 11340, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Campos-Rodríguez
authors: Department of Biological Systems, Autonomous Metropolitan University Campus Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso No 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, CP 04960, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors: María Elisa
authors: ME
authors: Drago-Serrano
authors: Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Prolongación Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, CP 11340, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors: Luvia Enid
authors: LE
authors: Sánchez-Torres
authors: Research and Graduate Studies Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, CP 11340, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors: Teresita Rocío
authors: TR
authors: Cruz-Hernández
authors: Research and Graduate Studies Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, CP 11340, Mexico, DF, Mexico. aresendiza@ipn.mx.
authors: Aldo Arturo
authors: AA
authors: Reséndiz-Albor
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000378:metabolism; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007781:Lactoferrin
keywords: Bovine lactoferrin; IgA; Ileum; Intestinal lamina propria; Intestinal modulation; Peyer’s patches