title: Surface evolution of manganese chloride aqueous droplets resulting in self-suppressed evaporation.
abstract: The exchange kinetics of liquid water, which are of fundamental interest and have potential applications, remain unclear. A fantastic and extraordinary phenomenon was observed during the evaporation of a water droplet doped with manganese chloride. As observed from the evolution of this type of droplet, a thin film was formed on the surface with an exothermic phase transition, resulting in self-suppressed evaporation. The MnCl2-doped water droplets were maintained in a relative humidity (RH) of 50% at 40 °C for more than a week and for longer than two months at a temperature of 25 °C. In contrast, a pure water droplet can only be sustained for a few minutes. The self-suppressed evaporation of doped water may be due to the special hydration of the accumulated manganese and chloride ions at the surface, decreasing the surface tension.
authors: Nano Science and Technology Program / Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Xiping
authors: X
authors: Zeng
authors: Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North 1st St, Haidian, Beijing, China.
authors: Yifan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Nano Science and Technology Program / Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Zengzilu
authors: Z
authors: Xia
authors: Nano Science and Technology Program / Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Nano Science and Technology Program / Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Cong
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400044, China.
authors: Yingzhou
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian, Beijing, China.
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Shen
authors: Nano Science and Technology Program / Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Weijia
authors: W
authors: Wen