title: Personalised lamellar keratoplasty and keratopigmentation in Asian corneal leucoma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a personalised lamellar keratoplasty (LK) associated with the keratopigmentation (KTP) technique for corneal leucoma among Asian patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This report was a non-randomised, retrospective clinical study performed in 32 consecutive eyes of 32 patients to improve cosmetic appearance. Twenty-two patients underwent LK combined with KTP, either by intralamellar or superficial route. Ten patients underwent the single personalised keratopigmentation method. The subjective and objective cosmetic results, ocular irritation, colour fading, neovascularisation formation and incidence of immune rejection were evaluated until three years after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No complications occurred, and the corneal leucoma was successfully stained with India ink in all 32 patients. Most of the patients showed good cosmetic appearance. Pain, conjunctival congestion, corneal edema and foreign body sensation disappeared gradually within two to three weeks after surgery in all patients. Graft swelling, non-healing, or detaching was not observed during follow-up. However, two patients had slight opacity three years after LK. Colour fading was observed in one patient who underwent intralamellar corneal staining 10 months after surgery. Re-staining was performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KTP combined with personalised LK is an effective personalised technique that presents long-standing colour staining and good cosmetic efficacy.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065, P. R. China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065, P. R. China.
authors: Jun-Hui
authors: JH
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065, P. R. China.
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065, P. R. China.
authors: Zhen-Xing
authors: ZX
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065, P. R. China.
authors: Shen-Fei
authors: SF
authors: Tang
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065, P. R. China.
authors: Ran-Ran
authors: RR
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Jilin University Bethune Second Hospital 1085 Yatai Street, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
authors: Gui-Qin
authors: GQ
authors: Sui
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065, P. R. China.
authors: Yan-Long
authors: YL
authors: Bi
keywords: Lamellar keratoplasty; corneal leucoma; keratopigmentation; partial lamellar keratoplasty