title: Oxidative stress in Nipah virus-infected human small airway epithelial cells.
abstract: Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic emerging pathogen that can cause severe and often fatal respiratory disease in humans. The pathogenesis of NiV infection of the human respiratory tract remains unknown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by airway epithelial cells in response to viral infections contribute to lung injury by inducing inflammation and oxidative stress; however, the role of ROS in NiV-induced respiratory disease is unknown. To investigate whether NiV induces oxidative stress in human respiratory epithelial cells, we used oxidative stress markers and monitored antioxidant gene expression. We also used ROS scavengers to assess their role in immune response modulation. Oxidative stress was confirmed in infected cells and correlated with the reduction in antioxidant enzyme gene expression. Infected cells treated by ROS scavengers resulted in a significant decrease of the (F2)-8-isoprostane marker, inflammatory responses and virus replication. In conclusion, ROS are induced during NiV infection in human respiratory epithelium and contribute to the inflammatory response. Understanding how oxidative stress contributes to NiV pathogenesis is crucial for therapeutic development.
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Escaffre
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors: Hailey
authors: H
authors: Halliday
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors: Viktoriya
authors: V
authors: Borisevich
authors: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.|Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Casola
authors: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.|Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.|Department of Rare and Emerging Viral Infections and Response, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Rockx
mesh_terms: D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D045405:Nipah Virus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers