title: Hard coral (Porites lobata) extracts and homarine on cytochrome P450 expression in Hawaiian butterflyfishes with different feeding strategies.
abstract: Dietary specialists tend to be less susceptible to the effects of chemical defenses produced by their prey compared to generalist predators that feed upon a broader range of prey species. While many researchers have investigated the ability of insects to detoxify dietary allelochemicals, little research has been conducted in marine ecosystems. We investigated metabolic detoxification pathways in three species of butterflyfishes: the hard coral specialist feeder, Chaetodon multicinctus, and two generalist feeders, Chaetodon auriga and Chaetodon kleinii. Each species was fed tissue homogenate of the hard coral Porites lobata or the feeding deterrent compound homarine (found in the coral extract), and the expression and catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A-like and CYP2-like enzymes were examined after one-week of treatment. The P. lobata homogenate significantly induced content and catalytic activity of CYP2-like and CYP3A-like forms, by 2-3 fold and by 3-9 fold, respectively, in C. multicinctus. Homarine caused a significant decrease of CYP2-like and CYP3A-like proteins at the high dose in C. kleinii and 60-80% mortality in that species. Homarine also induced CYP3A-like content by 3-fold and catalytic activity by 2-fold in C. auriga, while causing non-monotonic increases in CYP2-like and CYP3A-like catalytic activity in C. multicinctus. Our results indicate that dietary exposure to coral homogenates and the feeding deterrent constituent within these homogenates caused species-specific modulation of detoxification enzymes consistent with the prey selection strategies of generalist and specialist butterflyfishes.
authors: Department of Environmental Science, University of California, Riverside, 2258 Geology, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA. Electronic address: amald008@ucr.edu.
authors: Aileen
authors: A
authors: Maldonado
authors: Department of Environmental Science, University of California, Riverside, 2258 Geology, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
authors: Amber
authors: A
authors: Johnson
authors: National Center for Natural Products Research and Department of BioMolecular Science, University of Mississippi, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS 38677, USA.
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Gochfeld
authors: National Center for Natural Products Research and Department of BioMolecular Science, University of Mississippi, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS 38677, USA.
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Slattery
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1330, USA.
authors: Gary K
authors: GK
authors: Ostrander
authors: Department of Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, Ag. Science 218, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
authors: Jon-Paul
authors: JP
authors: Bingham
authors: Department of Environmental Science, University of California, Riverside, 2258 Geology, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Schlenk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006254:Hawaii; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010473:Perciformes; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010848:Picolinic Acids; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C010981:homarine
keywords: Allelochemical; Chaetodon; Coral; Cytochrome P450; Generalist; Specialist