title: Development, reliability, and validity testing of Toddler NutriSTEP: a nutrition risk screening questionnaire for children 18-35 months of age.
abstract: Nutrition is vital for optimal growth and development of young children. Nutrition risk screening can facilitate early intervention when followed by nutritional assessment and treatment. NutriSTEP (Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler) is a valid and reliable nutrition risk screening questionnaire for preschoolers (aged 3-5 years). A need was identified for a similar questionnaire for toddlers (aged 18-35 months). The purpose was to develop a reliable and valid Toddler NutriSTEP. Toddler NutriSTEP was developed in 4 phases. Content and face validity were determined with a literature review, parent focus groups (n = 6; 48 participants), and experts (n = 13) (phase A). A draft questionnaire was refined with key intercept interviews of 107 parents/caregivers (phase B). Test-retest reliability (phase C), based on intra-class correlations (ICC), Kappa (κ) statistics, and Wilcoxon tests was assessed with 133 parents/caregivers. Criterion validity (phase D) was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves by comparing scores on the Toddler NutriSTEP to a comprehensive nutritional assessment of 200 toddlers with a registered dietitian (RD). The Toddler NutriSTEP was reliable between 2 administrations (ICC = 0.951, F = 20.53, p < 0.001); most questions had moderate (κ ≥ 0.6) or excellent (κ ≥ 0.8) agreement. Scores on the RD nutrition risk rating and the Toddler NutriSTEP were correlated (r = 0.67, p < 0.000). The area under the ROC curve for moderate and high RD risk ratings were 84.6% and 82.7%, respectively. Cut-points of ≥21 (sensitivity 86%; specificity 61%) (moderate risk) and ≥26 (sensitivity 95%; specificity 63%) (high risk) were determined. The Toddler NutriSTEP questionnaire is both reliable and valid for screening for nutritional risk in toddlers.
authors: a Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors: Janis
authors: J
authors: Randall Simpson
authors: b Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors: Jillian
authors: J
authors: Gumbley
authors: b Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors: Kylie
authors: K
authors: Whyte
authors: b Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors: Jane
authors: J
authors: Lac
authors: c Noojmowin Teg Health Centre, Little Current, ON P0P 1K0, Canada.
authors: Crystal
authors: C
authors: Morra
authors: b Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors: Lee
authors: L
authors: Rysdale
authors: d York Region Public Health, Newmarket, ON L3Y 6Z1, Canada.
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Turfryer
authors: e Thunder Bay District Health Unit, ON P7B 6E7, Canada.
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: McGibbon
authors: f Sudbury & District Health Unit, Sudbury, ON P3E 6H3, Canada.
authors: Joanne
authors: J
authors: Beyers
authors: g Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Keller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002657:Child Development; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: NutriSTEP; dépistage du risque nutritionnel; fiabilité; nutrition risk screening; reliability; toddlers; tout-petits; validity; validité