title: Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells: Impact of Particle Size on Their Absorption, Accumulation, and Toxicity.
abstract: Inorganic nanomaterials have been increasingly utilized in many consumer products, which has led to concerns about their potential toxicity. At present, there is limited knowledge about the gastrointestinal fate and cytotoxicity of ingested inorganic nanoparticles. This study determined the influence of particle size and concentration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on their absorption, accumulation, and cytotoxicity in model intestinal epithelial cells. As the mean particle diameter of the AuNPs decreased (from 100 to 50 to 15 nm), their rate of absorption by the intestinal epithelium cells increased, but their cellular accumulation in the epithelial cells decreased. Moreover, accumulation of AuNPs caused cytotoxicity in the intestinal epithelial cells, which was evidenced by depolarization of mitochondria membranes. These results provide important insights into the relationship between the dimensions of AuNPs and their gastrointestinal uptake and potential cytotoxicity.
authors: Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst , Amherst, Massachusetts, United States.
authors: Mingfei
authors: M
authors: Yao
authors: Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst , Amherst, Massachusetts, United States.
authors: Lili
authors: L
authors: He
authors: Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst , Amherst, Massachusetts, United States.|Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: David Julian
authors: DJ
authors: McClements
authors: Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst , Amherst, Massachusetts, United States.|College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hang
authors: H
authors: Xiao
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D006046:Gold
keywords: absorption; accumulation; gold nanoparticles; intestinal epithelial cells; mitochondria potential; particle size; toxicity