title: The Effect of Metabolic Syndrome on the Success and Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolitotomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the success and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred ten patients who had undergone PNL for kidney stones in our clinic between May 2012 and May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they had diagnostic criteria for MetS. All patients had lower pole kidney stones between 15 and 20 mm. Complication rates between groups were evaluated using a modified Clavien grading system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group1 was a standard PNL group and group 2 consisted of patients with MetS. Mean stone size was 293.25 ± 102.4 mm(2) for group 1 and 301.10 ± 169.5 mm(2) for group 2 (p < 0.05). Mean hospitalization days, fluoroscopy duration, and mean hematocrit loss were significantly higher in group 2. Mean operative time and need for blood transfusions were higher in group 2 but statistically insignificant. One hundred twenty five patients in group 1 (96.1%) and 72 patients in group 2 (90%) obtained stone-free state.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study results reveal an increase in complications and morbidity for patients with MetS during PNL.
authors: 1 Department of Urology, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey .
authors: Ismail
authors: I
authors: Nalbant
authors: 2 Department of Urology, Dicle University Medical Faculty, Diyarbakir, Turkey .
authors: Onur
authors: O
authors: Dede
authors: 3 Department of Urology, Numune Teaching and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey .
authors: Nevzat Can
authors: NC
authors: Sener
authors: 1 Department of Urology, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey .
authors: Ufuk
authors: U
authors: Ozturk
authors: 4 Department of Urology, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey .
authors: Suleyman
authors: S
authors: Yesil
authors: 1 Department of Urology, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey .
authors: A Nihat
authors: AN
authors: Karakoyunlu
authors: 1 Department of Urology, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey .
authors: M Abdurrahim
authors: MA
authors: Imamoglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D061646:Operative Time; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome