title: Advantage of endoscopic mucosal resection with a cap for rectal neuroendocrine tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the outcomes of endoscopic mucosal resection with a cap (EMR-C) with those of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and sixteen lesions in 114 patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumor (NET) resected with EMR-C or ESD were included in the study. This study was performed at Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital between July 2009 and August 2014. We analyzed endoscopic complete resection rate, pathologic complete resection rate, procedure time, and adverse events in the EMR-C (n = 65) and ESD (n = 51) groups. We also performed a subgroup analysis by tumor size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean tumor size was 4.62 ± 1.66 mm in the EMR-C group and 7.73 ± 3.14 mm in the ESD group (P < 0.001). Endoscopic complete resection rate was 100% in both groups. Histologic complete resection rate was significantly greater in the EMR-C group (92.3%) than in the ESD group (78.4%) (P = 0.042). Mean procedure time was significantly longer in the ESD group (14.43 ± 7.26 min) than in the EMR-C group (3.83 ± 1.17 min) (P < 0.001). Rates of histologic complete resection without complication were similar for tumor diameter ≤ 5 mm (EMR-C, 96%; ESD, 100%, P = 0.472) as well as in cases of 5 mm < tumor diameter ≤ 10 mm (EMR-C, 80%; ESD, 71.0%, P = 0.524).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EMR-C may be simple, faster, and more effective than ESD in removing rectal NETs and may be preferable for resection of small rectal NETs.
authors: Su Bum Park, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Cheol Woong Choi, Su Jin Kim, Hyeong Seok Nam, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors: Su Bum
authors: SB
authors: Park
authors: Su Bum Park, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Cheol Woong Choi, Su Jin Kim, Hyeong Seok Nam, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors: Hyung Wook
authors: HW
authors: Kim
authors: Su Bum Park, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Cheol Woong Choi, Su Jin Kim, Hyeong Seok Nam, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors: Dae Hwan
authors: DH
authors: Kang
authors: Su Bum Park, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Cheol Woong Choi, Su Jin Kim, Hyeong Seok Nam, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors: Cheol Woong
authors: CW
authors: Choi
authors: Su Bum Park, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Cheol Woong Choi, Su Jin Kim, Hyeong Seok Nam, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors: Su Jin
authors: SJ
authors: Kim
authors: Su Bum Park, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Cheol Woong Choi, Su Jin Kim, Hyeong Seok Nam, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, South Korea.
authors: Hyeong Seok
authors: HS
authors: Nam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020776:Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D019160:Endosonography; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D061646:Operative Time; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden
keywords: Complete resection; Complication; Endoscopic mucosal resection with cap; Endoscopic submucosal dissection; Neuroendocrine tumor