title: Effect of over-the-counter fluoridated products regimens on root caries inhibition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fluoridated dentifrice (FD) and mouthwash (FM) under different treatment regimens on root caries (RC) inhibition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dual-species biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei were grown on the surface of bovine root dentine slabs which were exposed during 3 consecutive days to one of the following treatments: T1-distilled and deionized water 3×/day; T2-FD (1450ppmF) 2×/day; T3-FD 2×/day+FM (226ppmF) 1×/day; T4-FD 3×/day. Viable microorganisms counts were performed after 4 days of biofilm formation. Percentage of surface microhardness change (%SMC), lesion depth (LD; μm), integrated mineral loss (IML; vol%×μm) and the percentages of change (Δ%) in the ratio of fluorapatite (FAp/amide) and hydroxiapatite (HAp/amide) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minor changes were found on microbial counts in response to different treatments (p<0.05). %SMC in T4 was statistically lower compared with T2, but with no significant difference compared with T3. LD of slabs treated with T4 was statistically lower compared with T2 and T3, which were not significantly different between them. No significant differences were found for IML, FAp and HAp among the fluoridated treatments (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of FD 3×/day may be more effective than the use of FD 2×/day or the tested association between FD and FM on RC inhibition.
authors: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil. Electronic address: rodrigoarthur.ufrgs@gmail.com.
authors: Rodrigo Alex
authors: RA
authors: Arthur
authors: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil. Electronic address: vessabm@gmail.com.
authors: Vanessa Balbé
authors: VB
authors: Martins
authors: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil. Electronic address: carol.longaraydeoliveira@yahoo.com.br.
authors: Caroline Longaray
authors: CL
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil. Electronic address: vicente.leitune@ufrgs.br.
authors: Vicente Castelo Branco
authors: VC
authors: Leitune
authors: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil. Electronic address: fabricio.collares@ufrgs.br.
authors: Fabrício Mezzomo
authors: FM
authors: Collares
authors: São Paulo University (USP), Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil. Electronic address: acm@fob.usp.br.
authors: Ana Carolina
authors: AC
authors: Magalhães
authors: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil. Electronic address: marisa.maltz@gmail.com.
authors: Marisa
authors: M
authors: Maltz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites / Q000032:analysis; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D002417:Cattle; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000188:drug therapy; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects; D005459:Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000187:drug effects; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000494:pharmacology; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology; D017213:Root Caries / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D014070:Tooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D017001:Tooth Demineralization; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D003802:Dentifrices; D009067:Mouthwashes; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; C025105:fluorapatite; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Artificial caries; Biofilm; Dentine; Fluoride; Mouthwash; Root caries; Toothpastes