title: Guard cell hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide mediate elevated CO2 -induced stomatal movement in tomato.
abstract: Climate change as a consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 influences plant photosynthesis and transpiration. Although the involvement of stomata in plant responses to elevated CO2 has been well established, the underlying mechanism of elevated CO2 -induced stomatal movement remains largely unknown. We used diverse techniques, including laser scanning confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, biochemical methodologies and gene silencing to investigate the signaling pathway for elevated CO2 -induced stomatal movement in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Elevated CO2 -induced stomatal closure was dependent on the production of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE 1 (RBOH1)-mediated hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and NITRATE REDUCTASE (NR)-mediated nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells in an abscisic acid (ABA)-independent manner. Silencing of OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1) compromised the elevated CO2 -induced accumulation of H2 O2 and NO, upregulation of SLOW ANION CHANNEL ASSOCIATED 1 (SLAC1) gene expression and reduction of stomatal aperture, whereas silencing of RBOH1 or NR had no effects on the expression of OST1. Our results demonstrate that as critical signaling molecules, RBOH1-dependent H2 O2 and NR-dependent NO act downstream of OST1 that regulate SLAC1 expression and elevated CO2 -induced stomatal movement. This information is crucial to deepen the understanding of CO2 signaling pathway in guard cells.
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Shi
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors: Huan
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors: Guanqun
authors: G
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors: Yaru
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors: Yanhong
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors: Xiaojian
authors: X
authors: Xia
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA.
authors: Zhixiang
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors: Jingquan
authors: J
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000187:drug effects; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D050901:Nitrate Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D050901:Nitrate Reductase
keywords: CO2 signaling; Solanum lycopersicum (tomato); climate change; elevated CO2; hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); nitric oxide (NO); redox; stomatal movement