title: Characteristics of maize biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures and its effects on organic carbon, nitrogen and enzymatic activities after addition to fluvo-aquic soil.
abstract: In this study, the characteristics of maize biochar produced at different pyrolysis temperatures (300, 450 and 600°C) and its effects on organic carbon, nitrogen and enzymatic activities after addition to fluvo-aquic soil were investigated. As pyrolysis temperature increased, ash content, pH, electrical conductivity, surface area, pore volume and aromatic carbon content of biochar increased while yield, ratios of oxygen:carbon and hydrogen: carbon and alkyl carbon content decreased. During incubation, SOC, total N, and ammonium-N contents increased in all biochar-amended treatments compared with the urea treatment; however, soil nitrate-N content first increased and then decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature of the applied biochar. Extracellular enzyme activities associated with carbon transformation first increased and then decreased with biochars pyrolyzed at 450 and 600°C. Protease activity markedly increased with increased pyrolysis temperatures, whereas pyrolysis temperature had limited effect on soil urease activity. The results indicated that the responses of extracellular enzymes to biochar were dependent on the pyrolysis temperature, the enzyme itself and incubation time as well.
authors: Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, MOA, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Xiubin
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, MOA, Beijing 100081, China. Electronic address: zhouwei02@caas.cn.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Zhou
authors: Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, MOA, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Guoqing
authors: G
authors: Liang
authors: Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, MOA, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Dali
authors: D
authors: Song
authors: China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
authors: Xiaoya
authors: X
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D012987:Soil; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Biochar; Extracellular enzyme; Fluvo-aquic soil; Nitrogen fertilizer; Pyrolysis temperature