title: Surface Polar Lipids Differ in Male and Female Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae).
abstract: The polar lipids on the surface of the Old World sand fly, Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli), were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Blood-fed females and nonblood-fed females and males were separately analyzed and compared. The major polar lipids were found to be long-chain diols and fatty acids. Relatively high levels of diacylglycerols were found in blood-fed females and in males. A wide variety of lipids were found at low levels, including esters, sterols, monoacylglycerols, and hydroxy fatty acids. Blood-fed females had several lyso lipids and N-acyl amino acids that were not found on unfed females or males. These substances may be surfactants used in blood feeding. Heneicosenoic acid was found on females at more than twice the level of males, suggesting it could be a component of a female pheromone. Four substances were identified on males at twofold higher levels than on females: tetradienoic acid, methoxyhexadecasphinganine, butyl octadecanoate, and diacylglycerol(14:1/12:0/0:0). These could be short-range pheromones involved in courtship, and they will be further analyzed in future behavioral bioassays.
authors: Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249. Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229. robert.renthal@utsa.edu.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Renthal
authors: Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Kerrville, TX 78029.
authors: Andrew Y
authors: AY
authors: Li
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229.
authors: Xiaoli
authors: X
authors: Gao
authors: Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Kerrville, TX 78029.
authors: Adalberto A Pérez
authors: AA
authors: De León
mesh_terms: D060105:Animal Shells / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D010691:Phlebotomus / Q000737:chemistry*; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids
keywords: blood feeding; courtship pheromone; high resolution mass spectrometry