title: Athletes trained using stable compared to unstable surfaces exhibit distinct postural control profiles when assessed by traditional and nonlinear measures.
abstract: Athletes are assumed to exhibit better balance than non-athletes; however, few studies have examined the role of different types of sports on balance measures. Two athlete groups that experience divergent sport-specific balance training are stable- (i.e. basketball) and unstable-surface athletes (i.e. surfers). The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of stable- compared to unstable-surface sports on postural stability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight non-athletes (NON), eight stable-surface athletes (SSA) and eight unstable-surface athletes (USA) performed five 20-s quiet standing trials while ground reaction forces were recorded. Approximate entropy (ApEn), total excursion and root mean square distances (RMS) of the center of pressure position were calculated. Univariate ANOVAs with post hoc tests were conducted for each variable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ApEn values were lower in SSA compared to NON in the ML direction (p=0.012) and USA had lower ApEn values compared to SSA in the AP direction (p=0.036). The USA had smaller AP RMS compared to SSA (p=0.002) while the USA had greater ML RMS (p=0.008) and resultant RMS values compared to SSA (p=0.025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that USA and SSA may exhibit direction-specific differences in balance strategy due to feedback paradigm.
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC, USA; Department of Physiology, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC, USA. Electronic address: dpowell@campbell.edu.
authors: Douglas W
authors: DW
authors: Powell
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
authors: D S Blaise
authors: DS
authors: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D019277:Entropy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D004856:Postural Balance; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D016474:Weight-Bearing; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Athletes; Balance; Center of pressure; Posture; Sway; Training