title: Gene polymorphisms of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor beta in allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a polygenic inflammatory disorder of the upper respiratory airway with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), as two cytokines with pleiotropic effects on both innate and adaptive immunity, play important roles in allergic responses. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the associations of five polymorphisms of IL-10 and TGF-β genes with AR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-eight patients with AR along with 140 healthy volunteers with no history of AR and with the same ethnicity of the patients were recruited in this study. Genotyping was done for three polymorphisms in promoter region of IL-10 gene (rs1800896, rs1800871, rs1800872), and two polymorphisms in the exonic region of TGF-β1 gene (rs1982037, rs1800471) using PCR sequence-specific-primers method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A allele and AA genotype in rs1800896 of IL-10 and TT genotype in rs1982037 in TGF-β were significantly less frequent in the patients than in controls. While the C allele and the CG genotype in rs1800471 in TGF-β1 were associated with a higher susceptibility to AR. C/C and T/C haplotypes (rs1982037, rs1800471) in TGF-β1 gene and A/C/A, A/T/C and G/C/A haplotypes (rs1800896, rs1800871, rs1800872) in IL-10 gene were found with higher frequencies in patients than controls. Patients with CC genotype in rs1800871 in Il-10 had significantly lower levels of IgE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that certain genetic variants in IL-10 and TGF-β polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to AR as well as some clinical parameters in the patients with AR.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Nasiri
authors: Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Hirbod-Mobarakeh
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Movahedi
authors: Hematology Department, School of Allied Medical Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Farhadi
authors: Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Ansaripour
authors: Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: A A
authors: AA
authors: Amirzargar
authors: Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: rezaei_nima@tums.ac.ir.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Rezaei
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000235:genetics*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Allergic rhinitis; Genetic susceptibility; Interleukin-10; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Transforming growth factor beta