title: Update on paravertebral blocks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this review was to update the reader on the developments and advancements that have transpired in the previous few years and to encourage an open dialogue amongst readers and researchers alike.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tremendous progress has been made investigating the part paravertebral blocks play, not only in acute pain management but also in management of nonsurgical pain. It starts with discussing the recent advances pertaining to paravertebral blocks (PVBs) in breast, thoracic and cardiac surgery and then leads on to its evolving presence in pediatric surgery. The review also discusses utilization of thoracic paravertebral blocks in managing acute and chronic nonsurgical pain. Finally, it concludes with mention of new techniques and procedures to perform PVBs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impact of paravertebral analgesia on cancer pain and prevention of metastasis could be huge once enough data have accumulated. The steady influx of data on PVBs has led to the resurgence of this block in almost every area of acute pain management.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors: Richa
authors: R
authors: Wardhan
mesh_terms: D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods*; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy