title: Point mutation impairs centromeric CENH3 loading and induces haploid plants.
abstract: The chromosomal position of the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENH3 (also called "CENP-A") is the assembly site for the kinetochore complex of active centromeres. Any error in transcription, translation, modification, or incorporation can affect the ability to assemble intact CENH3 chromatin and can cause centromere inactivation [Allshire RC, Karpen GH (2008) Nat Rev Genet 9 (12):923-937]. Here we show that a single-point amino acid exchange in the centromere-targeting domain of CENH3 leads to reduced centromere loading of CENH3 in barley, sugar beet, and Arabidopsis thaliana. Haploids were obtained after cenh3 L130F-complemented cenh3-null mutant plants were crossed with wild-type A. thaliana. In contrast, in a noncompeting situation (i.e., centromeres possessing only mutated or only wild-type CENH3), no uniparental chromosome elimination occurs during early embryogenesis. The high degree of evolutionary conservation of the identified mutation site offers promising opportunities for application in a wide range of crop species in which haploid technology is of interest.
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Raheleh
authors: R
authors: Karimi-Ashtiyani
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Takayoshi
authors: T
authors: Ishii
authors: KWS SAAT SE, 37555 Einbeck, Germany.
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Niessen
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Nils
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3011-8731
authors: N
authors: Stein
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Heckmann
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Maia
authors: M
authors: Gurushidze
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Ali Mohammad
authors: AM
authors: Banaei-Moghaddam
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Fuchs
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Veit
authors: V
authors: Schubert
authors: KWS SAAT SE, 37555 Einbeck, Germany.
authors: Kerstin
authors: K
authors: Koch
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Oda
authors: O
authors: Weiss
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Dmitri
authors: D
authors: Demidov
authors: KWS SAAT SE, 37555 Einbeck, Germany.
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Schmidt
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany;
authors: Jochen
authors: J
authors: Kumlehn
authors: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany; houben@ipk-gatersleben.de.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Houben
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000076247:Centromere Protein A; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005838:Genotype; D006238:Haploidy; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics; D001467:Hordeum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000378:metabolism; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D017354:Point Mutation; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D000076247:Centromere Protein A; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D006657:Histones; D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: CENH3 loading; CENH3 mutant; chromosome elimination; haploid induction; plant breeding