title: Improving distillation method and device of tritiated water analysis for ultra high decontamination efficiency.
abstract: It is important that monitoring environmental tritiated water for understanding the contamination dispersion of the nuclear facilities. Tritium is a pure beta radionuclide which is usually measured by Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC). The average energy of tritum beta is only 5.658 keV that makes the LSC counting of tritium easily be interfered by the beta emitted by other radionuclides. Environmental tritiated water samples usually need to be decontaminated by distillation for reducing the interference. After Fukushima Nucleaer Accident, the highest gross beta concentration of groundwater samples obtained around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station is over 1,000,000 Bq/l. There is a need for a distillation with ultra-high decontamination efficiency for environmental tritiated water analysis. This study is intended to improve the heating temperature control for better sub-boiling distillation control and modify the height of the container of the air cooling distillation device for better fractional distillation effect. The DF of Cs-137 of the distillation may reach 450,000 which is far better than the prior study. The average loss rate of the improved method and device is about 2.6% which is better than the bias value listed in the ASTM D4107-08. It is proven that the modified air cooling distillation device can provide an easy-handling, water-saving, low cost and effective way of purifying water samples for higher beta radionuclides contaminated water samples which need ultra-high decontamination treatment.
authors: Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taiwan. Electronic address: fanghsinfa@gmail.com.
authors: Hsin-Fa
authors: HF
authors: Fang
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hus University, Taiwan.
authors: Chu-Fang
authors: CF
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taiwan.
authors: Chien-Kung
authors: CK
authors: Lin
mesh_terms: D003666:Decontamination / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D057168:Distillation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D062406:Fukushima Nuclear Accident; D060587:Groundwater / Q000032:analysis; D007564:Japan; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014316:Tritium / Q000032:analysis*; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D014316:Tritium
keywords: Air cooling; Decontamination efficiency; Distillation; Gross beta; Tritiated water