title: mHealth: An updated systematic review with a focus on HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis long term management using mobile phones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the utilization of mobile phone technology for treatment adherence, prevention, education, data collection, monitoring long-term management of HIV/AIDS and TB patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Articles published in English language from January 2005 until now from PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, WHO databases, and clinical trials were included. Data extraction is based on medication adherence, quality of care, prevention, education, motivation for HIV test, data collection from HIV lab test results and patient monitoring. Articles selected for the analysis cover RCTs and non RCTs related to the use of mobile phones for long-term care and treatment of HIV/AIDS and TB patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 90 articles selected for the analysis, a large number of studies, 44 (49%) were conducted in developing countries, 24 (26%) studies from developed countries, 12 (13%) are systematic reviews and 10 (11%) did not mention study location. Forty seven (52.2%) articles focused on treatment, 11 (12.2%) on quality of care, 8 (9%) on prevention, 13 (14.4%) on education, 6 (6.6%) on data collection, and 5 (5.5%) on patient monitoring. Overall, 66 (73%) articles reported positive effects, 21 (23%) were neutral and 3 (4%) reported negative results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mobile phone technology is widely reported to be an effective tool for HIV/AIDS and TB long-term care. It can substantially reduce disease burden on health care systems by rendering more efficient prevention, treatment, education, data collection and management support.
authors: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors: Balla Rama
authors: BR
authors: Devi
authors: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors: Shabbir
authors: S
authors: Syed-Abdul
authors: Department of Pharmacy Practice, ISF College of Pharmacy, India.
authors: Arun
authors: A
authors: Kumar
authors: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors: Usman
authors: U
authors: Iqbal
authors: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors: Phung-Anh
authors: PA
authors: Nguyen
authors: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Yu-Chuan Jack
authors: YC
authors: Li
authors: School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China. Electronic address: jj@tmu.edu.tw.
authors: Wen-Shan
authors: WS
authors: Jian
mesh_terms: D040421:Cell Phone / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D063731:Mobile Applications / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: HIV/AIDS; Long-term management; mHealth