title: Role of phytochemicals in colorectal cancer prevention.
abstract: Although the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been declining in recent decades, it remains a major public health issue as a leading cause of cancer mortality and morbidity worldwide. Prevention is one milestone for this disease. Extensive study has demonstrated that a diet containing fruits, vegetables, and spices has the potential to prevent CRC. The specific constituents in the dietary foods which are responsible for preventing CRC and the possible mechanisms have also been investigated extensively. Various phytochemicals have been identified in fruits, vegetables, and spices which exhibit chemopreventive potential. In this review article, chemopreventive effects of phytochemicals including curcumin, polysaccharides (apple polysaccharides and mushroom glucans), saponins (Paris saponins, ginsenosides and soy saponins), resveratrol, and quercetin on CRC and the mechanisms are discussed. This review proposes the need for more clinical evidence for the effects of phytochemicals against CRC in large trials. The conclusion of the review is that these phytochemicals might be therapeutic candidates in the campaign against CRC.
authors: Yu-Hua Li, Yang Sun, Feng Zhang, Lei Fan, Qi-Bing Mei, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine in Qinba Mountains, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors: Yu-Hua
authors: YH
authors: Li
authors: Yu-Hua Li, Yang Sun, Feng Zhang, Lei Fan, Qi-Bing Mei, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine in Qinba Mountains, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors: Yin-Bo
authors: YB
authors: Niu
authors: Yu-Hua Li, Yang Sun, Feng Zhang, Lei Fan, Qi-Bing Mei, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine in Qinba Mountains, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Yu-Hua Li, Yang Sun, Feng Zhang, Lei Fan, Qi-Bing Mei, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine in Qinba Mountains, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: Yu-Hua Li, Yang Sun, Feng Zhang, Lei Fan, Qi-Bing Mei, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine in Qinba Mountains, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors: Chang-Xu
authors: CX
authors: Liu
authors: Yu-Hua Li, Yang Sun, Feng Zhang, Lei Fan, Qi-Bing Mei, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine in Qinba Mountains, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Fan
authors: Yu-Hua Li, Yang Sun, Feng Zhang, Lei Fan, Qi-Bing Mei, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine in Qinba Mountains, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors: Qi-Bing
authors: QB
authors: Mei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D017365:Spices; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D064209:Phytochemicals
keywords: Cancer prevention; Colorectal cancer; Fruits; Phytochemicals; Spices; Vegetables