title: ZnO/graphite composites and its antibacterial activity at different conditions.
abstract: The paper reports laboratory preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of ZnO/graphite nanocomposites. Zinc chloride and sodium carbonate served as precursors for synthesis of zinc oxide, while micromilled and natural graphite were used as the matrix for ZnO nanoparticles anchoring. During the reaction of ZnCl2 with saturated aqueous solution of Na2CO3a new compound is created. During the calcination at the temperature of 500 °C this new precursors decomposes and ZnO nanoparticles are formed. Composites ZnO/graphite with 50 wt.% of ZnO particles were prepared. X-ray powder diffraction and Raman microspectroscopy served as phase-analytical methods. Scanning electron microscopy technique was used for morphology characterization of the prepared samples and EDS mapping for visualization of elemental distribution. A developed modification of the standard microdilution test was used for in vitro evaluation of daylight induced antibacterial activity and antibacterial activity at dark conditions. Common human pathogens served as microorganism for antibacterial assay. Antibacterial activity of ZnO/graphite composites could be based on photocatalytic reaction; however there is a role of Zn(2+) ions on the resulting antibacterial activity which proved the experiments in dark condition. There is synergistic effect between Zn(2+) caused and reactive oxygen species caused antibacterial activity.
authors: Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic; Regional Materials Science and Technology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic. Electronic address: katerina.dedkova@vsb.cz.
authors: Kateřina
authors: K
authors: Dědková
authors: Department of Thermal Engineering, Faculty of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Barbora
authors: B
authors: Janíková
authors: AGEL Laboratory, Zalužanského 1192/15, 703 84 Ostrava-Vítkovice, Czech Republic.
authors: Kateřina
authors: K
authors: Matějová
authors: Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Kristina
authors: K
authors: Čabanová
authors: TESCAN Brno, s.r.o., Libušina třída 1, 623 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors: Rostislav
authors: R
authors: Váňa
authors: Department of Physical Chemistry and Theory of Technological Processes, Faculty of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Aleš
authors: A
authors: Kalup
authors: Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Marianna
authors: M
authors: Hundáková
authors: Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic; Regional Materials Science and Technology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
authors: Jana
authors: J
authors: Kukutschová
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D006108:Graphite; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Nanostrucured composites; Raman spectroscopy; S. aureus; Standard microdilution method; XRPD