title: Analysis of psychopathological comorbidity behind the common symptoms and signs of endometriosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was aimed to investigate quality of life, negative emotions, such as anger, anxiety and depression, and possible psychopathological comorbidity in patients affected by endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We undertook a prospective, cohort study between October 2013 and February 2014. We selected patients with histologically confirmed ovarian endometriosis (Endometriosis Group) and with other benign adnexal diseases (Control Group) who underwent laparoscopic surgery. Participants underwent a psychometric assessment using the following self-report instruments: Symptom Checklist-90-R, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Quality of Life Index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Endometriosis Group was formed by 166 patients (mean age: 36±6 yrs) matched with 48 controls (mean age: 38.4±12.8 yrs). Somatization (p=0.02), depression (p=0.01), sensitivity (p=0.04) and phobic anxiety (p=0.04) were higher in Endometriosis Group than in Control Group. Endometriosis Group was further characterized by significantly higher levels of anxiety than Control Group (p=0.03) as assessed by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. Regarding Quality of Life Index, a significant health decline in Endometriosis Group compared with Control Group (p=0.008) was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher levels of somatization, depression, sensitivity and anxiety were found in Endometriosis Group compared with Control Group.
authors: Department of Pediatric, Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. Electronic address: antlagana@unime.it.
authors: Antonio Simone
authors: AS
authors: Laganà
authors: Department of Pediatric, Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Condemi
authors: Department of Pediatric, Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Retto
authors: Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors: Maria Rosaria Anna
authors: MR
authors: Muscatello
authors: Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Bruno
authors: Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors: Rocco Antonio
authors: RA
authors: Zoccali
authors: Department of Pediatric, Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors: Onofrio
authors: O
authors: Triolo
authors: Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors: Clemente
authors: C
authors: Cedro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Anger; Anxiety; Depression; Endometriosis; Psychopathological comorbidity; Quality of life