title: Characteristics of patients treated for orbital cellulitis: An analysis of inpatient data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Orbital cellulitis represents a spectrum of diseases, some of which may progress to potentially serious complications. The authors used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to analyze the epidemiologic features of pediatric and adult patients admitted for the treatment of orbital cellulitis and to examine associations with surgical management.
  
  
  METHODS
  The NIS was queried for patients admitted for treatment of orbital cellulitis from 2002 to 2010. Patient demographics, length of stay, hospital charges, and concomitant diagnoses were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 14,149 cases of orbital cellulitis identified with 1,717 (12.1%) having undergone surgical management. Surgical patients were older (29.6 ± 23.4) and more commonly male (62.0%) (P = 0.004 and < 0.001, respectively). Patients who had surgical intervention had longer length of stay and higher hospital charges than nonsurgical patients (P < 0.001). Our study showed that the proportion of pediatric patients age 10 to 19 years (22.1%) undergoing surgery was four times that of patients < 5 years of age (5.1%) (P < 0.001). Patients with concomitant diagnoses of acute and chronic sinusitis, acute osteomyelitis, exophthalmos, diplopia, and conjunctival edema had significantly increased odds ratio of surgical intervention. Frontal sinusitis was the site most commonly associated with surgical intervention among sinusitis patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study describes the characteristics of pediatric and adult patients admitted for orbital cellulitis from a national perspective. Patients 10 to 19 years of age were most likely to undergo surgical management. Acute and chronic sinusitis, acute osteomyelitis, exophthalmos, diplopia, and conjunctival edema were concomitant diagnoses associated with significantly increased odds ratio of surgical intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  2C. Laryngoscope, 126:554-559, 2016.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
authors: Emily
authors: E
authors: Marchiano
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
authors: Milap D
authors: MD
authors: Raikundalia
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
authors: Eric T
authors: ET
authors: Carniol
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
authors: Kristen A
authors: KA
authors: Echanique
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
authors: Evelyne
authors: E
authors: Kalyoussef
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.|Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey.
authors: Soly
authors: S
authors: Baredes
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.|Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey.|Department of Neurological Surgery.|Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.
authors: Jean Anderson
authors: JA
authors: Eloy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D054517:Orbital Cellulitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents
keywords: Orbital cellulitis; acute osteomyelitis; acute sinusitis; chronic sinusitis; conjunctival edema; diplopia; exophthalmos; nationwide inpatient sample