title: Frequency of Unnecessarily Biopsies among Patients with Suspicion of Prostate Cancer in Syrian Men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of prostate cancer is considered high in many countries, and screening tests are very important in order to detect prostate cancer in its early stages; however false positivity with these screening tests means that a lot of patients undergo unnecessary biopsy, which is an invasive procedure, for the confirmatory test. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of unnecessary biopsy cases in patients referred for prostate biopsy in one of the most important and overload cancer centers in Syria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective data for a period of four years between January 2009 and December 2012 were collected in Al- Bayrouni University Medical hospital in Damascus, Syria. The patients from whom data were collected were referred to our histopathological department because of elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) serum or an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE). All patients underwent prostatic TRUS-guided biopsies. Diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was based on histopathological examination and prostate cancers cases were graded and scored according to the Gleason score system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the 406 patients referred to biopsy, the mean±SD age was 58.4 ±23.3 years. The mean ± SD PSA level was 49.2±21.5 ng/ ml. Of the total we found 237 patients diagnosed with PCa (58. 4%), 166 patients with BPH (40.9%) and 3 cases were unable to be diagnosed (0.7%) because of biopsy collection errors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that a high percentage of patients are undergoing unnecessary biopsy, which suggests that the performed screening tests had a high level of false positive and may need re-evaluation.
authors: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria E-mail : dalaba33@yahoo.com.
authors: Dala-Maria
authors: DM
authors: Bachour
authors: Emil
authors: E
authors: Chahin
authors: Sahar
authors: S
authors: Al-Fahoum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001706:Biopsy; D051517:Digital Rectal Examination; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013593:Syria
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen