title: Introduction to the Retina.
abstract: Here, we briefly introduce and survey the retina including terminology and naming conventions. We consider anatomical structures of the retina including gross and microscopic anatomy of the fundus, layers of the retina, retinal cell types, and neuronal wiring of the retina. We discuss briefly biochemistry of the visual transduction cascade and the Vitamin A cycle. We introduce physiological processes including outer segment disk shedding and origins of electrical signals detected by the electroretinogram. This sets the stage for a more in-depth look at specific aspects of retinal structure and function in subsequent sections in this chapter.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Electronic address: ophtheg@emory.edu.
authors: Hans E
authors: HE
authors: Grossniklaus
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors: Eldon E
authors: EE
authors: Geisert
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Nickerson
mesh_terms: D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D055537:Light Signal Transduction; D008954:Models, Biological; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*; D012374:Rod Cell Outer Segment / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Development; Glaucoma; Mouse models; Retina; Retinoids; Visual cycle; Zebrafish