title: Impacts of Deepwater Horizon oil and associated dispersant on early development of the Eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica.
abstract: The explosion of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil platform resulted in large amounts of crude oil and dispersant Corexit 9500A® released into the Gulf of Mexico and coincided with the spawning season of the oyster, Crassostrea virginica. The effects of exposing gametes and embryos of C. virginica to dispersant alone (Corexit), mechanically (HEWAF) and chemically dispersed (CEWAF) DWH oil were evaluated. Fertilization success and the morphological development, growth, and survival of larvae were assessed. Gamete exposure reduced fertilization (HEWAF: EC201h=1650μg tPAH50L(-1); CEWAF: EC201h=19.4μg tPAH50L(-1); Corexit: EC201h=6.9mgL(-1)). CEWAF and Corexit showed a similar toxicity on early life stages at equivalent nominal concentrations. Oysters exposed from gametes to CEWAF and Corexit experienced more deleterious effects than oysters exposed from embryos. Results suggest the presence of oil and dispersant during oyster spawning season may interfere with larval development and subsequent recruitment.
authors: Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA; Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Vignier
authors: Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Donaghy
authors: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Soudant
authors: Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), College of William and Mary, Department of Aquatic Health Sciences, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA.
authors: F L E
authors: FLE
authors: Chu
authors: Abt Associates, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Morris
authors: Abt Associates, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
authors: M W
authors: MW
authors: Carney
authors: Abt Associates, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Lay
authors: Abt Associates, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Krasnec
authors: Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Centre Bretagne - ZI de la Pointe du Diable - CS, 10070-29280 Plouzané, France.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Robert
authors: Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA. Electronic address: voletya@uncw.edu.
authors: A K
authors: AK
authors: Volety
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008800:Mexico; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: CEWAF; Corexit; Deepwater Horizon oil; Fertilization; Oyster; PAH