title: Relevance of canopy drip for the accumulation of nitrogen in moss used as biomonitors for atmospheric nitrogen deposition in Europe.
abstract: High atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) impacts functions and structures of N limited ecosystems. Due to filtering and related canopy drip effects forests are particularly exposed to N deposition. Up to now, this was proved by many studies using technical deposition samplers but there are only some few studies analysing the canopy drip effect on the accumulation of N in moss and related small scale atmospheric deposition patterns. Therefore, we investigated N deposition and related accumulation of N in forests and in (neighbouring) open fields by use of moss sampled across seven European countries. Sampling and chemical analyses were conducted according to the experimental protocol of the European Moss Survey. The ratios between the measured N content in moss sampled inside and outside of forests were computed and used to calculate estimates for non-sampled sites. Potentially influencing environmental factors were integrated in order to detect their relationships to the N content in moss. The overall average N content measured in moss was 20.0mgg(-1) inside and 11.9mgg(-1) outside of forests with highest N values in Germany inside of forests. Explaining more than 70% of the variance, the multivariate analyses confirmed that the sampling site category (site with/without canopy drip) showed the strongest correlation with the N content in moss. Spatial variances due to enhanced dry deposition in vegetation stands should be considered in future monitoring and modelling of atmospheric N deposition.
authors: University of Vechta, Driverstraße 22, 49377 Vechta, Germany. Electronic address: michaela.meyer@uni-vechta.de.
authors: Michaela
authors: M
authors: Meyer
authors: University of Vechta, Driverstraße 22, 49377 Vechta, Germany. Electronic address: winfried.schroeder@uni-vechta.de.
authors: Winfried
authors: W
authors: Schröder
authors: University of Vechta, Driverstraße 22, 49377 Vechta, Germany. Electronic address: stefan.nickel@uni-vechta.de.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Nickel
authors: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, Case 39, 75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: sleblond@mnhn.fr.
authors: Sébastien
authors: S
authors: Leblond
authors: Natural Resources Institute Finland, P.O. Box 18, FI-01301 Vantaa, Finland. Electronic address: antti.lindroos@luke.fi.
authors: Antti-Jussi
authors: AJ
authors: Lindroos
authors: Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen, Mars-la-Tour Str. 1-13, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany. Electronic address: Karsten.Mohr@LWK-Niedersachsen.de.
authors: Karsten
authors: K
authors: Mohr
authors: Natural Resources Institute Finland, P.O. Box 413, FI-90014, University of Oulu, Finland. Electronic address: jarmo.poikolainen@luke.fi.
authors: Jarmo
authors: J
authors: Poikolainen
authors: University of Navarra, Irunlarrea No 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Electronic address: chusmi@unav.es.
authors: Jesus Miguel
authors: JM
authors: Santamaria
authors: Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: mitja.skudnik@gozdis.si.
authors: Mitja
authors: M
authors: Skudnik
authors: FUB Research Group for Environmental Monitoring, Alte Jonasstraße 83, CH-8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland. Electronic address: fub@fub-ag.ch.
authors: Lotti
authors: L
authors: Thöni
authors: Nationalparkverwaltung Bayerischer Wald, Freyunger Straße 2, 94481 Grafenau, Germany. Electronic address: Burkhard.Beudert@npv-bw.bayern.de.
authors: Burkhard
authors: B
authors: Beudert
authors: Umweltbundesamt Deutschland, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 29, 63225 Langen, Germany. Electronic address: helga.fries@uba.de.
authors: Helga
authors: H
authors: Dieffenbach-Fries
authors: Georg-August University, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: Hubert.SchulteBisping@forst.uni-goettingen.de.
authors: Hubert
authors: H
authors: Schulte-Bisping
authors: University of Vienna, CVL, Rennweg 14, 1020 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: Harald.Zechmeister@univie.ac.at.
authors: Harald G
authors: HG
authors: Zechmeister
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D044002:Bryophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe; D065928:Forests; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D014197:Trees
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Bioaccumulation; Canopy drip; Nitrogen; Throughfall deposition