title: Effects of light deprivation in physical performance and psychophysiological responses to a time-to-exhaustion exercise test.
abstract: Studies have shown that there is no effect of light deprivation in closed-loop exercise performance, however less is known about the open-loop exercise performance. Thus, we verified if light deprivation may affect performance and psychophysiological responses to a time-to-exhaustion (TE), constant intensity exercise test. Twelve men performed TE tests (at 80% WPEAK of maximal incremental test) in control and light-deprived condition. Gaseous exchange (VE and VO2), heart rate (HR) and vastus lateralis electromyography (EMG) were continuously assessed, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and associative thoughts to exercise (ATE) were obtained every 60s. Responses at absolute time of exercise matched by the shortest time to exhaustion, and responses at exhaustion were compared between conditions (P<0.05). Exhaustion was shortened (5.0 ± 1.6 min vs 6.4 ± 2.4 min) and RPE slope was elevated in light deprivation, when compared to control (P<0.05). Responses of VE, VO2 and RPE were greater at exhaustion in light deprivation TE test than at the equivalent, paired time in control test. However, responses were similar at exhaustion of both TE tests; the exception was the lower EMG when the light was deprived. The light deprivation shortened the exhaustion and increased RPE in TE test, until the attainment of similar maximal psychophysiological responses.
authors: Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Brazil; School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Fabiano A
authors: FA
authors: Pinheiro
authors: Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, Physical Education Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, PE, Brazil.
authors: Tony M
authors: TM
authors: Santos
authors: School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Ugrinowitsch
authors: Sports Science Institute of South Africa, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
authors: Timothy D
authors: TD
authors: Noakes
authors: Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Brazil; School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: piresfo@usp.br.
authors: Flávio O
authors: FO
authors: Pires
mesh_terms: D003624:Darkness / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004576:Electromyography; D005080:Exercise Test; D005221:Fatigue / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011601:Psychophysics; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology; D012683:Sensory Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D013850:Thinking; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Exercise regulation; Open-loop exercise; Ratings of perceived exertion; Visual stimuli