title: Episodic memory in normal aging and Alzheimer disease: Insights from imaging and behavioral studies.
abstract: Age-related cognitive changes often include difficulties in retrieving memories, particularly those that rely on personal experiences within their temporal and spatial contexts (i.e., episodic memories). This decline may vary depending on the studied phase (i.e., encoding, storage or retrieval), according to inter-individual differences, and whether we are talking about normal or pathological (e.g., Alzheimer disease; AD) aging. Such cognitive changes are associated with different structural and functional alterations in the human neural network that underpins episodic memory. The prefrontal cortex is the first structure to be affected by age, followed by the medial temporal lobe (MTL), the parietal cortex and the cerebellum. In AD, however, the modifications occur mainly in the MTL (hippocampus and adjacent structures) before spreading to the neocortex. In this review, we will present results that attempt to characterize normal and pathological cognitive aging at multiple levels by integrating structural, behavioral, inter-individual and neuroimaging measures of episodic memory.
authors: Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA - UMR 7364 - CNRS/UDS) - 21 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France. Electronic address: dtromp@unistra.fr.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Tromp
authors: Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA - UMR 7364 - CNRS/UDS) - 21 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France; Centre d'Investigations Neurocognitives et Neurophysiologiques (CI2N - UMS 3489 - CNRS/UDS) - 21 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Dufour
authors: Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA - UMR 7364 - CNRS/UDS) - 21 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Lithfous
authors: Centre d'Investigations Neurocognitives et Neurophysiologiques (CI2N - UMS 3489 - CNRS/UDS) - 21 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Pebayle
authors: Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA - UMR 7364 - CNRS/UDS) - 21 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France. Electronic address: o.despres@unistra.fr.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Després
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D000066492:Cognitive Aging / Q000502:physiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D061212:Memory, Episodic
keywords: Alzheimer disease; Episodic memory; Normal aging; PET; fMRI