title: Climate Change and Infectious Disease Risk in Western Europe: A Survey of Dutch Expert Opinion on Adaptation Responses and Actors.
abstract: There is growing evidence of climate change affecting infectious disease risk in Western Europe. The call for effective adaptation to this challenge becomes increasingly stronger. This paper presents the results of a survey exploring Dutch expert perspectives on adaptation responses to climate change impacts on infectious disease risk in Western Europe. Additionally, the survey explores the expert sample's prioritization of mitigation and adaptation, and expert views on the willingness and capacity of relevant actors to respond to climate change. An integrated view on the causation of infectious disease risk is employed, including multiple (climatic and non-climatic) factors. The results show that the experts consider some adaptation responses as relatively more cost-effective, like fostering interagency and community partnerships, or beneficial to health, such as outbreak investigation and response. Expert opinions converge and diverge for different adaptation responses. Regarding the prioritization of mitigation and adaptation responses expert perspectives converge towards a 50/50 budgetary allocation. The experts consider the national government/health authority as the most capable actor to respond to climate change-induced infectious disease risk. Divergence and consensus among expert opinions can influence adaptation policy processes. Further research is necessary to uncover prevailing expert perspectives and their roots, and compare these.
authors: International Centre for Integrated assessment and Sustainable development (ICIS), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. su-mia.akin@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors: Su-Mia
authors: SM
authors: Akin
authors: International Centre for Integrated assessment and Sustainable development (ICIS), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. p.martens@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors: Pim
authors: P
authors: Martens
authors: International Centre for Integrated assessment and Sustainable development (ICIS), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. m.huynen@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors: Maud M T E
authors: MM
authors: Huynen
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D057231:Climate Change; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D018570:Risk Assessment
keywords: climate change; climate change adaptation; infectious diseases; public health