title: De novo analysis of the transcriptome of Pratylenchus zeae to identify transcripts for proteins required for structural integrity, sensation, locomotion and parasitism.
abstract: The root lesion nematode Pratylenchus zeae, a migratory endoparasite, is an economically important pest of major crop plants (e.g. cereals, sugarcane). It enters host roots, migrates through root tissues and feeds from cortical cells, and defends itself against biotic and abiotic stresses in the soil and in host tissues. We report de novo sequencing of the P. zeae transcriptome using 454 FLX, and the identification of putative transcripts encoding proteins required for movement, response to stimuli, feeding and parasitism. Sequencing generated 347,443 good quality reads which were assembled into 10,163 contigs and 139,104 singletons: 65% of contigs and 28% of singletons matched sequences of free-living and parasitic nematodes. Three-quarters of the annotated transcripts were common to reference nematodes, mainly representing genes encoding proteins for structural integrity and fundamental biochemical processes. Over 15,000 transcripts were similar to Caenorhabditis elegans genes encoding proteins with roles in mechanical and neural control of movement, responses to chemicals, mechanical and thermal stresses. Notably, 766 transcripts matched parasitism genes employed by both migratory and sedentary endoparasites in host interactions, three of which hybridized to the gland cell region, suggesting that they might be secreted. Conversely, transcripts for effectors reported to be involved in feeding site formation by sedentary endoparasites were conspicuously absent. Transcripts similar to those encoding some secretory-excretory products at the host interface of Brugia malayi, the secretome of Meloidogyne incognita and products of gland cells of Heterodera glycines were also identified. This P. zeae transcriptome provides new information for genome annotation and functional analysis of possible targets for control of pratylenchid nematodes.
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Group, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.|Nemgenix Pty Ltd, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Fosu-Nyarko
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Group, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
authors: Jo-Anne C H
authors: JA
authors: Tan
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Group, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
authors: Reetinder
authors: R
authors: Gill
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Group, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
authors: Vaughan G
authors: VG
authors: Agrez
authors: Division of Nematology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
authors: Uma
authors: U
authors: Rao
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Group, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
authors: Michael G K
authors: MG
authors: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017238:Genes, Helminth; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008124:Locomotion / Q000235:genetics*; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D010271:Parasites / Q000235:genetics*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000502:physiology; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012677:Sensation / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics*; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D015801:Helminth Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Pratylenchus spp.; nematode effectors; parasitism genes; root lesion nematode; transcriptome