title: Preoperative and surgical factors associated with postoperative intensive care unit admission following operative treatment for degenerative lumbar spine disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluate the factors associated with postoperative ICU admission in patients undergoing surgical management of degenerative lumbar spine disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing surgery for degenerative lumbar spine disease were enrolled into a prospective registry over a 2-year period. Preoperative variables (age, gender, ASA grade, ODI%, CAD, HTN, MI, CHF, DM, BMI, depression, anxiety) and surgical variables (instrumentation, arthrodesis, estimated blood loss, length of surgery) were collected prospectively. Postoperative ICU admission details were retrospectively determined from the electronic medical record. Student's t test (continuous variables) and Chi-square test (categorical variables) were used to determine the association of each preoperative and surgical variable with ICU admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  808 Patients (273 laminectomy, 535 laminectomy and fusion) were evaluated. Forty-one (5.1%) patients were found to have postoperative ICU admissions. Reasons for admission included blood loss (12.2%), cardiac (29.3%), respiratory (19.5%), neurologic (31.7%), and other (7.3%). For preoperative variables, female gender (P < 0.001), history of CAD (P = 0.003), history of MI (P = 0.008), history of CHF (P = 0.001), age (P = 0.025), and ASA grade (P = 0.008) were significantly associated with ICU admission. For surgical variables, estimated blood loss (P < 0.001) and length of surgery (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with ICU admission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age, female gender, ASA grade, cardiac comorbidities, intraoperative blood loss, and length of surgery were associated with increased risk of postoperative ICU admission. Knowledge of these factors can aid surgeons in patient selection and preoperative discussion with patients about potential need for unexpected admission to the ICU.
authors: Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute, Medical Center East, South Tower - Suite 4200, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
authors: Harrison F
authors: HF
authors: Kay
authors: Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute, Medical Center East, South Tower - Suite 4200, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
authors: Silky
authors: S
authors: Chotai
authors: Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute, Medical Center East, South Tower - Suite 4200, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
authors: Joseph B
authors: JB
authors: Wick
authors: Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute, Medical Center East, South Tower - Suite 4200, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
authors: David P
authors: DP
authors: Stonko
authors: Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute, Medical Center East, South Tower - Suite 4200, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: McGirt
authors: Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute, Medical Center East, South Tower - Suite 4200, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. clinton.j.devin@vanderbilt.edu.
authors: Clinton J
authors: CJ
authors: Devin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007796:Laminectomy; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D012737:Sex Factors; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Intensive care unit; Lumbar; Predictors; Risk factors; Spine surgery