title: Caregiver coaching program effect: Reducing heart failure patient rehospitalizations and improving caregiver outcomes among African Americans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  (1) Test whether FamHFcare intervention could reduce patients' heart failure (HF)-related rehospitalizations and improve family caregiver outcomes; (2) calculate effect size on caregiver outcomes; and (3) evaluate the FamHFcare.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Few interventions target family caregivers for HF home care.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a mixed method design with stratification and random assignment of 20 African American HF patient/caregiver dyads. Descriptive, univariate parametric/non-parametric, and post-hoc analyses were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 6 months, compared to standard care, the intervention group had significantly fewer HF rehospitalizations (M-W z = -1.8, p = 0.03), while caregiver confidence (M-W z = 2.8, p = 0.003) and social support scores (M-W z = 2.4, p = 0.01) were significantly higher, and caregiver depression (M-W z = -2.4, p = 0.01) were significantly lower. Caregivers rated the FamHFcare as helpful (M = 46.8 ± 4.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FamHFcare intervention was associated with fewer HF patient rehospitalizations and improved caregiver outcomes.
authors: University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Mail Stop 4043, Kansas City, KS 66160-7502, USA. Electronic address: upiamjariyakul@kumc.edu.
authors: Ubolrat
authors: U
authors: Piamjariyakul
authors: University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Mail Stop 4043, Kansas City, KS 66160-7502, USA.
authors: Marilyn
authors: M
authors: Werkowitch
authors: University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Biostatistics, USA.
authors: Jo
authors: J
authors: Wick
authors: University of Kansas Hospital, Mid America Cardiology, USA.
authors: Christy
authors: C
authors: Russell
authors: University of Kansas Hospital, Mid America Cardiology, USA.
authors: James L
authors: JL
authors: Vacek
authors: University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, USA.
authors: Carol E
authors: CE
authors: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000208:ethnology / Q000451:nursing*; D006699:Home Care Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000639:trends*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods*; D012944:Social Support; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: African Americans; Caregivers; Culturally-sensitive intervention; Ethnic minorities; Heart failure; Rehospitalizations