title: One-year progression of diabetic subclinical macular edema in eyes with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy: location of the increase in retinal thickness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the 1-year progression of retinal thickness (RT) increase occurring in eyes with subclinical macular edema in type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight type 2 diabetic eyes/patients with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR; levels 20 and 35 in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) classified as presenting subclinical macular edema at baseline completed the 1-year follow-up period, from a sample of 194 followed in a 12-month observational and prospective study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01145599). Automated segmentation of the retinal layers in these eyes was performed, followed by verification and correction by a human grader.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest increase in RT over the 1-year follow-up period for the 48 eyes/patients with subclinical macular edema was found in the inner nuclear layer (INL). Progression to clinical macular edema was also associated with increased thickening of other retinal layers aside from the INL. The microvascular disease activity shown by microaneurysm (MA) turnover ≥6 was associated with progression from subclinical to clinical macular edema.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increases in RT occurring over a period of 1 year in diabetic eyes with mild NPDR and subclinical macular edema occur mainly in the INL. The development of clinical macular edema appears to be associated with increased thickening of other retinal layers and microvascular disease activity.
authors: Fundacix00F3;n para el Fomento de la Investigacix00F3;n Sanitaria y Biomx00E9;dica (FISABIO-Oftalmologx00ED;a), Valencia, Spain.
authors: Amparo Navea
authors: AN
authors: Tejerina
authors: Stela
authors: S
authors: Vujosevic
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Varano
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Egan
authors: Sobha
authors: S
authors: Sivaprasad
authors: Geeta
authors: G
authors: Menon
authors: Pascale
authors: P
authors: Massin
authors: Frank D
authors: FD
authors: Verbraak
authors: Henrik
authors: H
authors: Lund-Andersen
authors: Jose P
authors: JP
authors: Martinez
authors: Ignasi
authors: I
authors: Jurgens
authors: Erica
authors: E
authors: Smets
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Coriat
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Wiedemann
authors: Vitor
authors: V
authors: Ágoas
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Querques
authors: Frank G
authors: FG
authors: Holz
authors: Sandrina
authors: S
authors: Nunes
authors: Dalila
authors: D
authors: Alves
authors: Catarina
authors: C
authors: Neves
authors: Torcato
authors: T
authors: Santos
authors: Luisa
authors: L
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Bandello
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Cunha-Vaz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055351:Retinal Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence