title: Wnt/Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β/β-catenin Signaling Activation Mediated Sevoflurane Preconditioning-induced Cardioprotection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sevoflurane preconditioning (SP) has been shown to invoke potent myocardial protection in animal studies and clinical trials. However, the mechanisms underlying SP are complex and not yet well understood. We investigated the hypothesis that the cardioprotection afforded by SP is mediated via the Wnt/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)/β-catenin signaling pathway.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two models were established: a Langendorff perfused rat heart model and the H9C2 cell hypoxia/reoxygenation model. Both rats and H9C2 cells were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows: S group, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group, DMSO group, IWP group, SP group, and SP + IWP group. Hemodynamic parameters, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in coronary effluent and cell culture supernatant, and the infarct size were measured to evaluate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injuries. To determine the activity of Wnt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, the expressions of Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3β, and β-catenin were measured by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SP improved cardiac function recovery, reduced infarct size (18 ± 2% in the SP group compared with 35 ± 4% in the I/R group; P < 0.05), decreased LDH activity in coronary effluent, and culture supernatant. IWP-2, an inhibitor of Wnt, abolished the cardioprotection by SP. In addition, Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the expressions of Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3β, and β-catenin significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the I/R group, compared with the S group; and compared to I/R group, SP significantly (P < 0.05) increased Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3β, and β-catenin expressions. Pretreatment with IWP-2 significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Wnt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed for thefirst time that cardioprotection afforded by SP may be mediated partly via the Wnt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
authors: Jin-Dong
authors: JD
authors: Liu
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Deng
authors: Huan-Huan
authors: HH
authors: Tian
authors: Yun-Ting
authors: YT
authors: Pang
authors: Gan-Lin
authors: GL
authors: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D051176:beta Catenin; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; C000605508:Gsk3b protein, rat; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3