title: Exercise on Progenitor Cells in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the acute effect of aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) on the release of endothelial progenitor cell (EPCs, CD34+/KDR+/CD45 dim) and vascular function in type 1 diabetes (T1DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen men with T1DM and 5 nondiabetic controls were randomly assigned to 40-min AE (60% VO 2peak) and RE sessions (60% 1-RM). The study had a crossover design, and interventions were 1 wk apart. Venous occlusion plethysmography (blood flow, reactive hyperemia, and vascular resistance) and blood collection (EPC levels, flow cytometry) were done immediately before and after exercise sessions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were 30.3 ± 1.6 yr-old, HbA1c 7.7% ± 0.2%; controls were 26.8 ± 2.3 yr-old. Groups did not differ in EPC levels at baseline or in relation to exercise. Over time, exercise did not induce changes in patients with T1DM, whereas, in controls, EPCs were decreased after AE (-10.7%, P = 0.017) and increased after RE (+12.2%, P = 0.004). Compared with baseline, blood flow increased and vascular resistance decreased after RE in both groups. Reactive hyperemia was increased 10 min after AE and RE sessions in patients with T1DM (36.5% and 42.0%, respectively) and in controls (35.4% and 74.3%), but no group differences were observed between groups in response to exercise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the increased vascular reactivity in both groups after both exercise sessions, EPCs were only influenced by exercise in controls. The unchanged number of EPCs in T1DM after exercise sessions might indicate a blunted endothelium regenerating capacity, revealing an early deterioration of the functional arterial characteristics not disclosed by only evaluating vascular functional variables.
authors: 1Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; 2Graduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; 3Department of Clinical Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; 4Molecular and Protein Analysis Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; 5Endocrine Division of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; and 6Internal Medicine Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL.
authors: Gustavo
authors: G
authors: Waclawovsky
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Umpierre
authors: Franciele R
authors: FR
authors: Figueira
authors: Eliandra S
authors: ES
authors: De Lima
authors: Ana P
authors: AP
authors: Alegretti
authors: Laiana
authors: L
authors: Schneider
authors: Ursula S
authors: US
authors: Matte
authors: Ticiana C
authors: TC
authors: Rodrigues
authors: Beatriz D
authors: BD
authors: Schaan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D066026:Endothelial Progenitor Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D055070:Resistance Training; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin