title: Measuring Disability: Comparing the Impact of Two Data Collection Approaches on Disability Rates.
abstract: The usual approach in disability surveys is to screen persons with disability upfront and then ask questions about everyday problems. The objectives of this paper are to demonstrate the impact of screeners on disability rates, to challenge the usual exclusion of persons with mild and moderate disability from disability surveys and to demonstrate the advantage of using an a posteriori cut-off. Using data of a pilot study of the WHO Model Disability Survey (MDS) in Cambodia and the polytomous Rasch model, metric scales of disability were built. The conventional screener approach based on the short disability module of the Washington City Group and the a posteriori cut-off method described in the World Disability Report were compared regarding disability rates. The screener led to imprecise rates and classified persons with mild to moderate disability as non-disabled, although these respondents already experienced important problems in daily life. The a posteriori cut-off applied to the general population sample led to a more precise disability rate and allowed for a differentiation of the performance and needs of persons with mild, moderate and severe disability. This approach can be therefore considered as an inclusive approach suitable to monitor the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
authors: Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology-IBE, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich 81377, Germany. carla.sabariego@med.lmu.de.
authors: Carla
authors: C
authors: Sabariego
authors: Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology-IBE, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich 81377, Germany. cornelia.oberhauser@med.lmu.de.
authors: Cornelia
authors: C
authors: Oberhauser
authors: Social Protection and Labor, Human Development Network, The World Bank, Washington, DC 20433, USA. aposarac@worldbank.org.
authors: Aleksandra
authors: A
authors: Posarac
authors: Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil 6207, Switzerland. jerome.bickenbach@paraplegie.ch.
authors: Jerome
authors: J
authors: Bickenbach
authors: Classification, Terminology and Standards, Department of Health Statistics and Informatics, World Health Organization, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. kostanjsekn@who.int.
authors: Nenad
authors: N
authors: Kostanjsek
authors: Department of Health Statistics and Information Systems, World Health Organization, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. chatterjis@who.int.
authors: Somnath
authors: S
authors: Chatterji
authors: Ageing and Life Course Unit, World Health Organization, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. officera@who.int.
authors: Alana
authors: A
authors: Officer
authors: Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology-IBE, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich 81377, Germany. michaela.coenen@med.lmu.de.
authors: Michaela
authors: M
authors: Coenen
authors: National Institute of Statistics, Phnom Penh 12301, Cambodia. lay.chhan@gmail.com.
authors: Lay
authors: L
authors: Chhan
authors: Blindness and Deafness Prevention, Disability and Rehabilitation (BDD), World Health Organization, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. acieza@who.int.
authors: Alarcos
authors: A
authors: Cieza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002160:Cambodia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003625:Data Collection; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006806:Human Rights; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects
keywords: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; data collection; disability evaluation; disability surveys; health surveys; screeners