title: Terminal dribbling in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms: relationship with International Prostate Symptom Score and with intravesical prostatic protrusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Terminal dribbling is one of the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) that has not been widely studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between terminal dribbling (TD) and other parameters such as International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of male patients with LUTS aged 40 years and older were prospectively collected. Data regarding TD defined by the International Continence Society standardization subcommittee, IPSS, prostate-specific antigen, total prostate volume, and IPP on transrectal ultrasonography were obtained. TD was confirmed by the subsequent uroflowmetry (uroflowmetry-confirmed TD). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the parameters affecting TD and uroflowmetry-confirmed TD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 578 men, 226 patients (39.1%) complained of TD and 157 patients (27.2%) had objective findings of TD on uroflowmetry. In the logistic regression analysis, IPSS voiding subscore were correlated with TD (Odds ratio 1.06). In addition, IPP was the only significant risk factor for uroflowmetry-confirmed TD (Odds ratio 2.83). Each question of IPSS is not correlated with TD or uroflowmetry-confirmed TD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the symptom of TD is well correlated with IPSS voiding subscore, objective evidence of TD on uroflowmetry had strong correlation with IPP. TD should be investigated further to reveal its clinical impact and guide a proper management.
authors: Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. piacekjh@hanmail.net.
authors: Jae Heon
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Urology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. colllateralll@gmail.com.|Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. colllateralll@gmail.com.
authors: Ji Sung
authors: JS
authors: Shim
authors: Department of Urology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. doc71377@gmail.com.|Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. doc71377@gmail.com.
authors: Hoon
authors: H
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. dgmoon@korea.ac.kr.
authors: Du Geon
authors: du G
authors: Moon
authors: Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jeongkl@kumc.or.kr.
authors: Jeong Gu
authors: JG
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jjkim98@korea.ac.kr.
authors: Je Jong
authors: JJ
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Urology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. urobae@genetherapy.or.kr.|Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. urobae@genetherapy.or.kr.
authors: Jae Hyun
authors: JH
authors: Bae
authors: Department of Urology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. jaeyoungpark@korea.ac.kr.|Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jaeyoungpark@korea.ac.kr.
authors: Jae Young
authors: JY
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*