title: Ca(2+) and CaM are involved in Al(3+) pretreatment-promoted fluoride accumulation in tea plants (Camellia sinesis L.).
abstract: Tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. kuntze) is known to be a fluoride (F) and aluminum (Al(3+)) hyper-accumulator. Previous study showed that pre-treatment of Al(3+) caused a significant increase of F accumulation in tea plants. However, less is known about the intricate network of Al(3+) promoted F accumulation in tea plants. In this study, the involvement of endogenous Ca(2+) and CaM in Al(3+) pretreatment-promoted F accumulation in tea plants was investigated. Our results showed that Al(3+) induced the inverse change of intracellular Ca(2+) fluorescence intensity and stimulated Ca(2+) trans-membrane transport in the mature zone of tea root. Also, a link between internal Ca(2+) and CaM was found in tea roots under the presence of Al(3+). In order to investigate whether Ca(2+) and CaM were related to F accumulation promoted by Al(3+) pretreatment, Ca(2+) chelator EGTA and CaM antagonists CPZ and TFP were used. EGTA, CPZ, and TFP pretreatment inhibited Al(3+)-induced increase of Ca(2+) fluorescence intensity and CaM content in tea roots, and also significantly reduced Al(3+)-promoted F accumulation in tea plants. Taken together, our results suggested that the endogenous Ca(2+) and CaM are involved in Al(3+) pretreatment-promoted F accumulation in tea roots.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. Electronic address: zhanxianchen360@163.com.
authors: Xian-Chen
authors: XC
authors: Zhang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. Electronic address: hjgao@ahau.edu.cn.
authors: Hong-Jian
authors: HJ
authors: Gao
authors: School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. Electronic address: Honghong.Wu@utas.edu.au.
authors: Hong-Hong
authors: HH
authors: Wu
authors: College of Resource & Environment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. Electronic address: yangtianyuan2008@163.com.
authors: Tian-Yuan
authors: TY
authors: Yang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. Electronic address: zzz@ahau.edu.cn.
authors: Zheng-Zhu
authors: ZZ
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA. Electronic address: JMao@odu.edu.
authors: Jing-Dong
authors: JD
authors: Mao
authors: State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. Electronic address: wanxiaochun360@163.com.
authors: Xiao-Chun
authors: XC
authors: Wan
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D028244:Camellia / Q000378:metabolism*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D000535:Aluminum; D005459:Fluorides; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Al(3+); Calcium; Calmodulin; Fluoride; Tea plant