title: Examination of the Sequence between Laser Printing and Rollerball Pen Writing Without an Intersecting Stroke.
abstract: Examining the sequences of printing and writing is a significant method of determining the authenticity and validity of documents. Forensic document examiners have extensively studied crossing lines, which has produced useful information. However, the sequence for laser printing and rollerball pen writing without crossing strokes has not been studied. To solve this problem, volunteers were invited to write characters on A4 paper with different rollerball pens using two sequences. Four laser printers applied print to these sheets, and the materials were examined using an Optem A-Zoom2 video tomography microscope. Consequently, distinguishing features were noted between the materials produced in both sequences. These features might provide a scientific basis for accurately determining the sequence between laser printing and rollerball pen writing in the absence of intersecting strokes.
authors: School of Law, Zhongnan University of Economics & Law, Wuhan, 430073, China.|Department of Investigation, Hubei University of Police, Wuhan, 430034, China.
authors: Shaofang
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Investigation, Hubei University of Police, Wuhan, 430034, China.
authors: Caijun
authors: C
authors: Lu
authors: School of Law, Zhongnan University of Economics & Law, Wuhan, 430073, China.|Department of Investigation, Hubei University of Police, Wuhan, 430034, China.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Wang
keywords: forensic science; laser printing; questioned documents; rollerball pen writing; sequence; without intersecting stroke