title: No association between fiber intake and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The findings of epidemiologic studies on the association between fiber intake and prostate cancer risk remain conflicting. We aimed to examine this association by conducting a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relevant studies were identified by PubMed (1966 to March 2015) and Embase (1974 to March 2015) database search through March 2015. We included epidemiological studies that reported relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between dietary fiber intake and prostate cancer risk. Random effects models were used to calculate the summary risk estimates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the highest compared with the lowest dietary fiber intake, a significantly decreased risk with prostate cancer was observed in case-control studies (OR = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68-0.96), but not in cohort studies (RR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.77-1.11). The combined risk estimate of all studies was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.77, 1.01). A significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (p = 0.005). There was no evidence of significant publication bias based on Begg's funnel plot (p = 0.753) or Egger's test (p = 0.946).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This meta-analysis suggests the absence of evidence for association between dietary fiber intake and prostate cancer risk.
authors: Department of Urology, Jiaxing Affilated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China. shengt78@sina.com.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Sheng
authors: Department of Urology, Jiaxing Affilated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China. urosrl@126.com.
authors: Rui-lin
authors: RL
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Urology, Jiaxing Affilated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China. shaohuan55@163.com.
authors: Huan
authors: H
authors: Shao
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Jiaxing Affilated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 1501, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, 314001, China. doctormth@126.com.
authors: Tian-hong
authors: TH
authors: Ma
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*