title: Differential responses of gut microbiota to the same prebiotic formula in oligotrophic and eutrophic batch fermentation systems.
abstract: The same prebiotics have produced inconsistent effects on microbiota when evaluated in different batch fermentation studies. To understand the reasons behind these discrepancies, we compared impact of one prebiotic formula on the same inoculated fecal microbiota in two frequently used batch systems: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, oligotrophic) and basal culture medium (BCM, eutrophic). The microbiota was monitored using 454 pyrosequencing. Negative controls (no prebiotic) of both systems showed significant shifts in the microbiota during fermentation, although their pH remained relatively stable, especially in BCM, with increases in Bilophila and Escherichia/Shigella but a decrease in Faecalibacterium. We identified prebiotic responders via redundancy analysis by including both baseline and negative controls. The key positive and negative responders in the two systems were very different, with only 8 consistently modulated OTUs (7 of the 28 positive responders and 1 of the 35 negative responders). Moreover, some OTUs within the same genus responded to the prebiotic in opposite ways. Therefore, to obtain a complete in vitro evaluation of the modulatory effects of a prebiotic on microbiota, it is necessary to use both oligotrophic and eutrophic systems, compare treatment groups with both baseline and negative controls, and analyze the microbiota changes down to the OTU level.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors: Wenmin
authors: W
authors: Long
authors: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors: Zhengsheng
authors: Z
authors: Xue
authors: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors: Qianpeng
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors: Zhou
authors: Z
authors: Feng
authors: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Bridgewater
authors: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors: Linghua
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.|Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Perfect (China) Co. Ltd. Joint Research Center on Microbiota and Health.
authors: Liping
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors: Xiaoyan
authors: X
authors: Pang
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism*; D005068:Eutrophication / Q000502:physiology*; D005285:Fermentation / Q000502:physiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000382:microbiology*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D056692:Prebiotics