title: Orthostatic Blood Pressure Behavior in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment Predicts Conversion to Dementia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the patterns of blood pressure (BP) behavior during orthostasis in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with those of controls and to investigate whether orthostatic BP behavior differs between individuals with MCI who convert to dementia and those who do not.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal study with 3 years of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Memory clinic in Dublin, Ireland, between 2007 and 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-dwelling individuals with MCI (n = 150) and controls (n = 75).
  
  
  METHODS
  Orthostatic BP was examined using the active standing test with a beat-to-beat continuous BP monitoring device in addition to neuropsychological testing. Hazard ratios (HRs) from parametric survival models were used to determine whether conversion to dementia was independently associated with baseline orthostatic BP variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Individuals with MCI were more likely than controls to have a systolic BP (SBP) deficit of greater than 30% 30 seconds after standing (P = .01). Thirty percent of participants with MCI (n = 43) converted to dementia within the 3-year follow-up period. Individuals with MCI with a SBP deficit greater than 30% 30 seconds after standing were twice as likely to convert to dementia as those without the deficit (HR = 2.77, 95% confidence interval = 1.02-7.50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human beings have evolved an elaborate neurological control system to maintain cerebral perfusion during orthostatic challenge. In people with MCI, this response is impaired and renders them twice as likely to convert to dementia.
authors: Mercer's Institute of Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Tomoaki
authors: T
authors: Hayakawa
authors: The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Christine A
authors: CA
authors: McGarrigle
authors: Mercer's Institute of Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Robert F
authors: RF
authors: Coen
authors: Mercer's Institute of Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.|Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Soraghan
authors: Mercer's Institute of Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.|Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Foran
authors: Mercer's Institute of Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.|Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Brian A
authors: BA
authors: Lawlor
authors: Mercer's Institute of Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.|The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.|Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Rose Anne
authors: RA
authors: Kenny
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis
keywords: aging; cerebral hypoperfusion; dementia; mild cognitive impairment; orthostatic hypotension