title: Transient hypothyroidism associated with viral Human Parechovirus encephalitis in a newborn.
abstract: Human Parechovirus type 3 (HPeV-3) is a neurotropic virus which can cause neonatal encephalitis, presenting as encephalopathy with seizures and diffuse white matter lesions on brain imaging. Neurodevelopmental outcome is linked to the extent of white matter abnormalities. We report on a neonate with clinical and biochemical findings of transient central hypothyroidism associated with HPeV-3 encephalitis. The co-occurrence of transient hypothyroidism and viral encephalitis has not been reported in newborns before. Transient suppression of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroidal axis is described in critically ill babies as the nonthyroidal-illness syndrome. Assessment of thyroid function in neonatal cases of HPeV-3 infection is required to conclude whether a transient hypothyroidism as in nonthyroidal-illness syndrome may be triggered by viral meningo-encephalitis and if treatment may influence neurodevelopmental outcome.
authors: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: anneleen.dereymaeker@uzleuven.be.
authors: Anneleen
authors: A
authors: Dereymaeker
authors: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neonatology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: sophie.vanhaesebrouck@ugent.be.
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Vanhaesebrouck
authors: Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: katrien.jansen@uzleuven.be.
authors: Katrien
authors: K
authors: Jansen
authors: Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: lieven.lagae@uzleuven.be.
authors: Lieven
authors: L
authors: Lagae
authors: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan 6, 3584, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.s.devries@umcutrecht.nl.
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: de Vries
authors: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Gunnar
authors: G
authors: Naulaers
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D003409:Congenital Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008590:Meningoencephalitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D030061:Parechovirus; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D013974:Thyroxine
keywords: Human Parechovirus; Hypothyroidism; Neonatal encephalopathy; Viral meningo-encephalitis; White matter lesions