title: A novel cell-printing method and its application to hepatogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cell-embedded mesh structures.
abstract: We report a cell-dispensing technique, using a core-shell nozzle and an absorbent dispensing stage to form cell-embedded struts. In the shell of the nozzle, a cross-linking agent flowed continuously onto the surface of the dispensed bioink in the core nozzle, so that the bioink struts were rapidly gelled, and any remnant cross-linking solution during the process was rapidly absorbed into the working stage, resulting in high cell-viability in the bioink strut and stable formation of a three-dimensional mesh structure. The cell-printing conditions were optimized by manipulating the process conditions to obtain high mechanical stability and high cell viability. The cell density was 1 × 10(7) mL(-1), which was achieved using a 3-wt% solution of alginate in phosphate-buffered saline, a mass fraction of 1.2 wt% of CaCl2 flowing in the shell nozzle with a fixed flow rate of 0.08 mL min(-1), and a translation velocity of the printing nozzle of 10 mm s(-1). To demonstrate the applicability of the technique, preosteoblasts and human adipose stem cells (hASCs) were used to obtain cell-laden structures with multi-layer porous mesh structures. The fabricated cell-laden mesh structures exhibited reasonable initial cell viabilities for preosteoblasts (93%) and hASCs (92%), and hepatogenic differentiation of hASC was successfully achieved.
authors: Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, South Korea.
authors: Seung Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Ahn
authors: Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, South Korea.
authors: Hyeong Jin
authors: HJ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Ji-Seon
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Hyeon
authors: H
authors: Yoon
authors: Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Wook
authors: W
authors: Chun
authors: Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, South Korea.
authors: Geun Hyung
authors: GH
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D007281:Ink; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D011327:Printing / Q000379:methods*; D012212:Rheology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*