title: Influence of different formulations on chlorpyrifos behavior and risk assessment in bamboo forest of China.
abstract: The effects of two formulations (emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and granule (G)) on the distribution, degradation, sorption, and residue risk of chlorpyrifos (CHP) were investigated in two producing areas of bamboo shoot. The results showed that CHP was mainly distributed in the topsoil (0-5 cm, P < 0.05), with the proportion of CHP in the total quantity ranging from 76.0 to 100.0 % (G) and 12.0 to 98.1 % (EC), respectively. The degradation of CHP-EC in soils (half-life 27.7-36.4 days) was faster than that of CHP-G in soils (half life above 120-150 days). The main metabolite of CHP, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), was found in soil samples. CHP showed good sorption ability in the two tested soils, with the sorption coefficient (KF) of 43.76 and 94.43 mg/kg. The terminal residues of CHP in bamboo shoots were in the range of 15.2-75.6 (G) and 10.4-35.7 μg/kg (EC), respectively. The soil type had a notable effect on the CHP behaviors in soil (P < 0.05, especially for CHP-G), but it did not affect the metabolite of CHP. Although some positive bamboo shoot samples (CHP residue exceeding maximum residue limits) were found, the hazard quotients did not exceed 7 %, which meant there was a negligible risk associated with the exposure to CHP via the consumption of bamboo shoots.
authors: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, 311400, China.|Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
authors: Yihua
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, 311400, China.
authors: Runhong
authors: R
authors: Mo
authors: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, 311400, China.
authors: Fubin
authors: F
authors: Tang
authors: Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Fu
authors: Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China. yrguo_zju@163.com.
authors: Yirong
authors: Y
authors: Guo
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D065928:Forests; D006207:Half-Life; D057230:Limit of Detection; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D011728:Pyridones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018570:Risk Assessment; D031787:Sasa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D011728:Pyridones; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C012587:3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol; D004390:Chlorpyrifos
keywords: 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol; Bamboo shoot; Chlorpyrifos; Degradation; Formulation; Residue risk