title: Preparation and characterization of a microencapsulated polyethylene glycol cross-linked polyhemoglobin.
abstract: Many complications are associated to the therapeutic use of blood, among which are not only transfusion adverse events but also other issues such as lack of donors and high costs for collecting, testing, preserving, and distributing blood packages. Therefore, a clinically viable "blood substitute" is considered the holy grail of traumatology and may greatly benefit medicine. One of the most successful approaches to date is conjugating hemoglobin with polyethylene glycol (PEG). This conjugation aims mainly at overcoming free cell hemoglobin toxicity, which makes its use as oxygen carrier in pure form unfeasible. To improve PEG-hemoglobin conjugates feasibility, we propose applying dual functional PEG cross-linking hemoglobin molecules encapsulated by a protein carrier. The new oxygen carrier showed mean values of the hydrodynamic diameter, dispersity, and zeta potential of 1370 nm, 0.029 and -36 mV, respectively, evidencing the successful synthesis of PEG bis(N-succinimidyl succinate) and polyhemoglobin as well as the structuring of protein carrier.
authors: Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 B16, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.|Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, DF, 70.040-020, Brazil.
authors: Marcos C
authors: MC
authors: Knirsch
authors: Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Genoa University, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145, Genoa, Italy.
authors: Filippo
authors: F
authors: Dell'Anno
authors: Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580 B18, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors: Dennis
authors: D
authors: Chicoma
authors: Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 B16, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors: Marco Antonio
authors: MA
authors: Stephano
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580 B15, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors: Nádia A
authors: NA
authors: Bou-Chacra
authors: Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Research Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Vascular Biology, DISC, Genoa University and IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
authors: Domenico
authors: D
authors: Palombo
authors: Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Genoa University, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145, Genoa, Italy. converti@unige.it.
authors: Attilio
authors: A
authors: Converti
authors: Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 B16, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors: Bronislaw
authors: B
authors: Polakiewicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000737:chemistry*; D055767:Immobilized Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001802:Blood Substitutes; D006454:Hemoglobins; D055767:Immobilized Proteins; C037158:polyhemoglobin; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C000595209:polyethylene glycol 1000
keywords: Gelatin; Microparticle; Oxygen carrier; Polyethylene glycol; Polyhemoglobin