title: Measuring compassion in nurses and other healthcare professionals: An integrative review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Compassion is an essential part of nursing practice. However recent high profile public inquiries have uncovered failings in the NHS and revealed a need for nursing education to assure that both undergraduate and postgraduate healthcare professionals receive training in compassion.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to review how compassion is being measured in nurses and other healthcare professionals.
  
  
  METHODS
  An integrative review methodology was used. The literature was searched systematically, using electronic databases, internet searches, recommendations by experts in the field, and manual searches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six papers on measuring compassion in healthcare were included in the final analysis. Several overarching themes were identified as the main elements of compassion being measured. These included: being empathetic, recognising and ending suffering, being caring, communicating with patients, connecting to and relating with patients, being competent, attending to patients needs/going the extra mile, and involving the patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further research is needed to develop and test tools that nurse and healthcare educators can use to assess the levels of compassion in their undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as making this available to qualified nurses in practice.
authors: Middlesex University, Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, UK. Electronic address: r.papadopoulos@mdx.ac.uk.
authors: Irena
authors: I
authors: Papadopoulos
authors: Middlesex University, Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, UK.
authors: Sheila
authors: S
authors: Ali
mesh_terms: D004645:Empathy; D006801:Humans; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Compassion measuring tools; Culturally competent compassion; Culture and compassion