title: In vitro study of novel gadolinium-loaded liposomes guided by GBI-10 aptamer for promising tumor targeting and tumor diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: Novel gadolinium-loaded liposomes guided by GBI-10 aptamer were developed and evaluated in vitro to enhance magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis of tumor. Nontargeted gadolinium-loaded liposomes were achieved by incorporating amphipathic material, Gd (III) [N,N-bis-stearylamidomethyl-N'-amidomethyl] diethylenetriamine tetraacetic acid, into the liposome membrane using lipid film hydration method. GBI-10, as the targeting ligand, was then conjugated onto the liposome surface to get GBI-10-targeted gadolinium-loaded liposomes (GTLs). Both nontargeted gadolinium-loaded liposomes and GTLs displayed good dispersion stability, optimal size, and zeta potential for tumor targeting, as well as favorable imaging properties with enhanced relaxivity compared with a commercial MRI contrast agent (CA), gadopentetate dimeglumine. The use of GBI-10 aptamer in this liposomal system was intended to result in increased accumulation of gadolinium at the periphery of C6 glioma cells, where the targeting extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C is overexpressed. Increased cellular binding of GTLs to C6 cells was confirmed by confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and MRI, demonstrating the promise of this novel delivery system as a carrier of MRI contrast agent for the diagnosis of tumor. These studies provide a new strategy furthering the development of nanomedicine for both diagnosis and therapy of tumor.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Meng-Jie
authors: MJ
authors: Gu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Kun-Feng
authors: KF
authors: Li
authors: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Lan-Xin
authors: LX
authors: Zhang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Huan
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Li-Si
authors: LS
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhuo-Zhao
authors: ZZ
authors: Zheng
authors: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Nan-Yin
authors: NY
authors: Han
authors: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhen-Jun
authors: ZJ
authors: Yang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Tian-Yuan
authors: TY
authors: Fan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry*; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000737:chemistry; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D008081:Liposomes; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: GBI-10 aptamer; gadolinium; liposomes; magnetic resonance imaging; tenascin-C; tumor targeting