title: Exploring the influence of context in a community-based facilitation intervention focusing on neonatal health and survival in Vietnam: a qualitative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the Neonatal health - Knowledge into Practice (NeoKIP) trial in Vietnam, local stakeholder groups, supported by trained laywomen acting as facilitators, promoted knowledge translation (KT) resulting in decreased neonatal mortality. In general, as well as in the community-based NeoKIP trial, there is a need to further understand how context influences KT interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, the objective of this study was to explore the influence of context on the facilitation process in the NeoKIP intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  A secondary content analysis was performed on 16 Focus Group Discussions with facilitators and participants of the stakeholder groups, applying an inductive approach to the content on context through naïve understanding and structured analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three main-categories of context found to influence the facilitation process in the NeoKIP intervention were: (1) Support and collaboration of local authorities and other communal stakeholders; (2) Incentives to, and motivation of, participants; and (3) Low health care coverage and utilization. In particular, the role of local authorities in a KT intervention was recognized as important. Also, while project participants expected financial incentives, non-financial benefits such as individual learning were considered to balance the lack of reimbursement in the NeoKIP intervention. Further, project participants recognized the need to acknowledge the needs of disadvantaged groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides insight for further understanding of the influence of contextual aspects to improve effects of a KT intervention in Vietnam. We suggest that future KT interventions should apply strategies to improve local authorities' engagement, to identify and communicate non-financial incentives, and to make disadvantaged groups a priority. Further studies to evaluate the contextual aspects in KT interventions in LMICs are also needed.
authors: Hanoi School of Public Health, 138 Giang Vo Street, Ba Dinh District, Ha Noi, Vietnam. dmd@hsph.edu.vn.|International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. dmd@hsph.edu.vn.
authors: Duc M
authors: DM
authors: Duong
authors: International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. anna.bergstrom@kbh.uu.se.|Division of Global Health/IHCAR, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels vag 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. anna.bergstrom@kbh.uu.se.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Bergström
authors: School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, SE-791 88, Falun, Sweden. Lars.Wallin@ki.se.|Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. Lars.Wallin@ki.se.
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Wallin
authors: Hanoi School of Public Health, 138 Giang Vo Street, Ba Dinh District, Ha Noi, Vietnam. bth@hsph.edu.vn.
authors: Ha T T
authors: HT
authors: Bui
authors: International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. leif.eriksson@kbh.uu.se.
authors: Leif
authors: L
authors: Eriksson
authors: School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, SE-791 88, Falun, Sweden. Anncatrine.Eldh@ki.se.|Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. Anncatrine.Eldh@ki.se.
authors: Ann Catrine
authors: AC
authors: Eldh
mesh_terms: D002662:Child Health Services; D003153:Community Health Services; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006284:Health Plan Implementation; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D014744:Vietnam