title: Risk factors for perioperative ischemic stroke in cardiac surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2010 to December 2012, 519 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery were analyzed prospectively. The sample was divided into two groups: patients with stroke per and postoperative were allocated in Group GS (n=22) and the other patients in the group CCONTROL (n=497). The following variables were compared between the groups: gender, age, carotid stenosis > 70%, diabetes on insulin, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral arteriopathy, unstable angina, kidney function, left ventricular function, acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary arterial hypertension, use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Ischemic stroke was defined as symptoms lasting over 24 hours associated with changes in brain computed tomography scan. The variables were compared using Fisher's exact test, Chi square, Student's t-test and logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stroke occurred in 4.2% of patients and the risk factors statistically significant were: carotid stenosis of 70% or more (P=0.03; OR 5.07; IC 95%: 1.35 to 19.02), diabetes on insulin (P=0.04; OR 2.61; IC 95%: 1.10 to 6.21) and peripheral arteriopathy (P=0.03; OR 2.61; 95% CI: 1.08 to 6.28).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk factors for ischemic stroke were carotid stenosis of 70% or more, diabetes on insulin and peripheral arteriopathy.
authors: Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, BR.
authors: Mário Augusto Cray da
authors: MA
authors: Costa
authors: Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, BR.
authors: Maria Fernanda
authors: MF
authors: Gauer
authors: Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, BR.
authors: Ricardo Zaneti
authors: RZ
authors: Gomes
authors: Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, BR.
authors: Marcelo Derbli
authors: MD
authors: Schafranski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059035:Perioperative Period; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000150:complications; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D016896:Treatment Outcome