title: The Effects of Dextromethorphan on Driving Performance and the Standardized Field Sobriety Test.
abstract: Dextromethorphan (DXM) is abused most commonly among adolescents as a recreational drug to generate a dissociative experience. The objective of the study was to assess driving with and without DXM ingestion. The effects of one-time maximum daily doses of DXM 120 mg versus a guaifenesin 400 mg dose were compared among 40 healthy subjects using a crossover design. Subjects' ability to drive was assessed by their performance in a driving simulator (STISIM® Drive driving simulator software) and by conducting a standardized field sobriety test (SFST) administered 1-h postdrug administration. The one-time dose of DXM 120 mg did not demonstrate driving impairment on the STISIM® Drive driving simulator or increase SFST failures compared to guaifenesin 400 mg. Doses greater than the currently recommended maximum daily dose of 120 mg are necessary to perturb driving behavior.
authors: Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, 94592.
authors: Paul J
authors: PJ
authors: Perry
authors: Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, 94592.
authors: Kristian
authors: K
authors: Fredriksen
authors: Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, 94592.
authors: Stephanie
authors: S
authors: Chew
authors: Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, 94592.
authors: Eric J
authors: EJ
authors: Ip
authors: Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, 94592.
authors: Ingrid
authors: I
authors: Lopes
authors: Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, 94592.
authors: Shadi
authors: S
authors: Doroudgar
authors: Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, 94592.
authors: Kelan
authors: K
authors: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000996:Antitussive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001334:Automobile Driving; D003198:Computer Simulation; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003915:Dextromethorphan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000066448:Driving Under the Influence; D005100:Expectorants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006140:Guaifenesin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection
chemical_list: D000996:Antitussive Agents; D005100:Expectorants; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D006140:Guaifenesin; D003915:Dextromethorphan
keywords: antitussive; cough suppressant; dextromethorphan; driving performance; driving simulator; forensic science; over-the-counter medications; standardized field sobriety test