title: Phenotypic and Molecular Epidemiology of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii Complex Strains Spread at Nemazee Hospital of Shiraz, Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii (ACB) complex are Gram-negative opportunistic bacteria with low virulence properties. Their resistance to antibiotics has become a matter of concern in hospital infections.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of ACB isolates collected from the Nemazee hospital of Shiraz. In addition, Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to determine the genetic patterns of these strains.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 93 strains of ACB complex were isolated from patients of Nemazee hospital, Shiraz, Iran. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates to the following 15 antibiotics were determined: gentamicin, ticarcillin, ceftazidime, co-trimoxazole, imipenem, piperacillin tazobactam, amikacin, aztreonam, sulbactam, meropenem, tobramycin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, colistin, polymyxin B. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis was used to determine the clonal relationship of these strains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the isolates were found to be resistant to cefotaxime, co-trimoxazole, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, ceftazidime and ticarcillin (90%), and the least resistance was observed to colistin and polymyxin B. Among the 93 tested samples, 35 antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and 47 PFGE patterns were obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High resistance to antibiotics was observed among the strains of ACB complex and the least resistance was towards colistin and polymyxin B, indicating that these antibiotics could be effective for treatment, in case there is no other choice. Using PFGE, the similarity between some strains of Acinetobacter was determined, which indicated epidemics in different parts of the hospital; such epidemics can in turn lead to increased incidence of Acinetobacter infections.
authors: Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran.
authors: Mojtaba
authors: M
authors: Anvarinejad
authors: Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran.
authors: Aziz
authors: A
authors: Japoni
authors: Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran.
authors: Mohammad Ali
authors: MA
authors: Davarpanah
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran.
authors: Hossein
authors: H
authors: Mahmudi
authors: Department of Sciences for Health Promotion "G. D'Alessandro", Palermo, Italy.
authors: Caterina
authors: C
authors: Mammina
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran.
authors: Afsaneh
authors: A
authors: Vazin
keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; Drug Resistance; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field