title: Antinociceptive and Antioxidant Activities of Phytol In Vivo and In Vitro Models.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of phytol using chemical and thermal models of nociception in mice and to assess its antioxidant effects in vitro. Phytol was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to mice at doses of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, phytol significantly reduced the number of contortions compared to the control group (P < 0.001). In the formalin test, phytol reduced significantly the amount of time spent in paw licking in both phases (the neurogenic and inflammatory phases), this effect being more pronounced in the second phase (P < 0.001). Phytol also provoked a significant increase in latency in the hot plate test. These antinociceptive effects did not impaire the motor performance, as shown in the rotarod test. Phytol demonstrated a strong antioxidant effect in vitro in its capacity to remove hydroxyl radicals and nitric oxide as well as to prevent the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Taken as a whole, these results show the pronounced antinociceptive effects of phytol in the nociception models used, both through its central and peripheral actions, but also its antioxidant properties demonstrated in the in vitro methods used.
authors: Unity Academy of Hearth, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), 58109-900 Cuité, PB, Brazil.
authors: Camila Carolina de Menezes Patrício
authors: CC
authors: Santos
authors: Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
authors: Mirian Stiebbe
authors: MS
authors: Salvadori
authors: Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
authors: Vanine Gomes
authors: VG
authors: Mota
authors: Laboratory of Research in Experimental Neurochemistry of Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutics Science, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), 64.049-550 Teresina, PB, Brazil.
authors: Luciana Muratori
authors: LM
authors: Costa
authors: Laboratory of Research in Experimental Neurochemistry of Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutics Science, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), 64.049-550 Teresina, PB, Brazil.
authors: Antonia Amanda Cardoso
authors: AA
authors: de Almeida
authors: Laboratory of Research in Experimental Neurochemistry of Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutics Science, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), 64.049-550 Teresina, PB, Brazil.
authors: Guilherme Antônio Lopes
authors: GA
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Laboratory of Research in Experimental Neurochemistry of Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutics Science, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), 64.049-550 Teresina, PB, Brazil.
authors: Jéssica Pereira
authors: JP
authors: Costa
authors: Department of Physiology, Federal University Paraíba (UFPB), 58051-900 João Pessoa, PI, Brazil.
authors: Damião Pergentino
authors: 0000-0002-4520-6577
authors: DP
authors: de Sousa
authors: Laboratory of Research in Experimental Neurochemistry of Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutics Science, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), 64.049-550 Teresina, PB, Brazil.
authors: Rivelilson Mendes
authors: RM
authors: de Freitas
authors: Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
authors: Reinaldo Nóbrega
authors: RN
authors: de Almeida