title: A three-dimensional comparison of the pharyngeal airway after mandibular distraction osteogenesis and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this retrospective study was to examine the radiological changes in the pharyngeal airway following mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO) and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2005 and 2009, a total of 41 nonsyndromic patients underwent a mandibular osteotomy (nDO = 23; nBSSO = 18). Digital volume tomography images were created for preoperative and postoperative evaluations of both groups. The Dolphin 3D program was used for comparative analysis of the pharyngeal airways.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After DO, the airway volumes (VOL) improved by 6.8 mL. In comparison, an improvement of 5.9 mL was observed as result of BSSO. The minimum axial areas (AREA) of the enlargements increased by 109.1 mm(2) with DO and 103.1 mm(2) with BSSO. The airway areas (SA) increased by 193.8 mm(2) with DO and 185.2 mm(2) with BSSO. There were no significant differences between two surgical procedures in terms of the parameters describe above (pVOL = 0.358; pAREA = 0.752; pSA = 0.777). However, the initial preoperative values (pVOL = 0.020; pAREA = 0.005) and the patients' ages (pAREA = 0.042; pSA = 0.007) did have significant effects on the postoperative values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both DO and BSSO expanded the pharyngeal airways of all nonsyndromic patients.
authors: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Partnership Dr. Tödtmann & Dr. Herzog, Rostock, Germany; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, HELIOS Kliniken Schwerin (Head: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. Reinhard Bschorer MD, DDS, PhD), Wismarsche Straβe 393-397, 19049 Schwerin, Germany. Electronic address: daniel.schneider@uni-rostock.de.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Schneider
authors: Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of Rostock, Germany.
authors: Peer W
authors: PW
authors: Kämmerer
authors: Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
authors: Gerhard
authors: G
authors: Schön
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, HELIOS Kliniken Schwerin (Head: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. Reinhard Bschorer MD, DDS, PhD), Wismarsche Straβe 393-397, 19049 Schwerin, Germany. Electronic address: reinhard.bschorer@helios-kliniken.de.
authors: Reinhard
authors: R
authors: Bschorer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000379:methods*; D059229:Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus / Q000379:methods*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Airway change; Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy; Mandibular distraction osteogenesis; Orthognathic surgery; Pharyngeal airway; Upper airway