title: A controlled antibiotic release system to prevent orthopedic-implant associated infections: An in vitro study.
abstract: A new device for local delivery of antibiotics is presented, with potential use as a drug-eluting fixation pin for orthopedic applications. The implant consists of a stainless steel hollow tubular reservoir packed with the desired antibiotic. Release takes place through several orifices previously drilled in the reservoir wall, a process that does not compromise the mechanical properties required for the implant. Depending on the antibiotic chosen and the number of orifices, the release profile can be tailored from a rapid release of the load (ca. 20h) to a combination of rapid initial release and slower, sustained release for a longer period of time (ca. 200h). An excellent bactericidal action is obtained, with 4-log reductions achieved in as little as 2h, and total bacterial eradication in 8h using 6-pinholed implants filled with cefazolin.
authors: Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, C/ Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Gimeno
authors: Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, C/ Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Pinczowski
authors: Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, C/ Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Pérez
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Giorello
authors: Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, C/ María de Luna s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors: Miguel Ángel
authors: MÁ
authors: Martínez
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jesus.santamaria@unizar.es.
authors: Jesús
authors: J
authors: Santamaría
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: arruebom@unizar.es.
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Arruebo
authors: Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, C/ Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors: Lluís
authors: L
authors: Luján
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001858:Bone Nails / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D002437:Cefazolin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004058:Diffusion; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004343:Drug Implants; D065546:Drug Liberation; D007700:Kinetics; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D011208:Powders; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D012995:Solubility; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013232:Steel
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004343:Drug Implants; D011208:Powders; D013232:Steel; D002437:Cefazolin
keywords: Antibiotic; Controlled release; Hollow steel implant; Medical device; Orthopedic surgery; Staphylococcus aureus