title: An infection of human adenovirus 31 affects the differentiation of preadipocytes into fat cells, its metabolic profile and fat accumulation.
abstract: The primary issue undertaken in this study was to test the hypothesis that preadipocytes would have intrinsically elevated propensity to differentiate into mature adipocytes due to HAdV31 infection. To prove that, the metabolic and molecular mechanisms responsible for HAdV31-induced adipogenesis were examined. 3T3L1 cells (mouse embryonic fibroblast, adipose like cell line) were used as a surrogate model to analyze an increased proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of preadipocytes infected with human adenovirus. An expression of E4orf1, C/EBP-β, PPAR-γ, GAPDH, aP2, LEP, and fatty acid synthase genes, intracellular lipid accumulation as well as cytokine release from the fat cells were assessed. Data showed that HAdV31 increased an expression of C/EBP-β and PPAR-γ genes leading to an enhanced differentiation of preadipocytes into fat cells. Besides, overexpression of GAPDH and fatty acid synthase, and decreased expression of leptin caused an increased accumulation of intracellular lipids. Secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 from HAdV31-infected cells was strongly decreased, leading to unlimited virus replication. The results obtained from this study provided the evidences that HAdV31, likewise previously documented HAdV36, is a subsequent human adenovirus affecting the differentiation and lipid accumulation of 3T3L1 cells.
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors: Iwona
authors: I
authors: Bil-Lula
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Krzywonos-Zawadzka
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.|Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors: Grzegorz
authors: G
authors: Sawicki
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.|Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors: Mieczysław
authors: M
authors: Woźniak
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology*; D050156:Adipogenesis; D000818:Animals; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000235:genetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000235:genetics; D055442:Metabolome; D051379:Mice; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D047495:PPAR gamma; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases
keywords: gene expression; human adenovirus 31; infection; intracellular lipids