title: Unilateral Renal Ischemia as a Model of Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Fibrosis in Cats.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to define the acute and chronic effects of 1-hour unilateral in vivo renal ischemia on renal function and histology in cats. Twenty-one adult purpose-bred research cats were anesthetized, and 1 kidney underwent renal artery and vein occlusion for 1 hour. Serum creatinine and urea concentrations, urine protein:creatinine ratio, urine-specific gravity, glomerular filtration rate, hematocrit, platelet concentration and function, and white blood cell count were measured at baseline and variable time points after ischemia. Renal histopathology was evaluated on days 3, 6, 12, 21, 42, and 70 postischemia; changes in smooth muscle actin and interstitial collagen were examined. Following ischemia, whole animal glomerular filtration rate was significantly reduced (57% of baseline on day 6; P < .05). At the early time points, the ischemic kidneys exhibited severe acute epithelial necrosis accompanied by evidence of regeneration of tubules predominantly within the corticomedullary junction. At later periods, postischemic kidneys had evidence of tubular atrophy and interstitial inflammation with significantly more smooth muscle actin and interstitial collagen staining and interstitial fibrosis when compared with the contralateral control kidneys. This study characterizes the course of ischemic acute kidney injury in cats and demonstrates that ischemic acute kidney injury triggers chronic fibrosis, interstitial inflammation, and tubular atrophy in feline kidneys. These late changes are typical of those observed in cats with naturally occurring chronic kidney disease.
authors: Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA cws@uga.edu.
authors: C W
authors: CW
authors: Schmiedt
authors: Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
authors: B M
authors: BM
authors: Brainard
authors: Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Hinson
authors: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
authors: S A
authors: SA
authors: Brown
authors: Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002415:Cats; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen
keywords: acute kidney injury; cat; chronic kidney disease; fibrosis; interstitial nephrosclerosis; ischemia; kidney; nephritis; renal insufficiency; smooth muscle actin