title: Expression of Raf kinase inhibitor protein is downregulated in response to Newcastle disease virus infection to promote viral replication.
abstract: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes a severe and economically significant disease affecting almost the entire poultry industry worldwide. However, factors that affect NDV replication in host cells are poorly understood. Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) is a physiological inhibitor of c-RAF kinase and NF-κB signalling, known for their functions in the control of immune response as well as tumour invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we investigated the consequences of overexpression of host RKIP during viral infection. We demonstrate that NDV infection represses RKIP expression thereby promoting virus replication. Experimental upregulation of RKIP in turn acts as a potential antiviral defence mechanism in host cells that restricts NDV replication by repressing the activation of Raf/MEK/ERK and IκBα/NF-κB signalling pathways. Our results not only extend the concept of linking NDV-host interactions, but also reveal RKIP as a new class of protein-kinase-inhibitor protein that affects NDV replication with therapeutic potential.
authors: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
authors: Renfu
authors: R
authors: Yin
authors: College of Quartermaster Technology Science, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
authors: Xinxin
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
authors: Yuhai
authors: Y
authors: Bi
authors: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
authors: Guangyao
authors: G
authors: Xie
authors: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
authors: Pingze
authors: P
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Meng
authors: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
authors: Lili
authors: L
authors: Ai
authors: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
authors: Rongyi
authors: R
authors: Xu
authors: China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Nanjing Road 369, Qingdao, Shandong 266032, PR China.
authors: Yuzhang
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg/Munich, Germany.
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Stoeger
authors: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
authors: Zhuang
authors: Z
authors: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein