title: Body mass index mediates inflammatory response to acute dietary challenges.
abstract: METHODS
  Acute metabolic challenges provide an opportunity to identify mechanisms of metabolic and nutritional health. In this study, we assessed the transcriptomic response to oral glucose and lipid challenges in a cohort of individuals ranging in age and BMI. The main goal is to identify whether BMI can mediate the metabolic and transcriptional response to dietary challenges, and the differences between lipid and glucose tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred fourteen healthy adults were assigned to the challenges and twenty-three individuals were selected for further transcriptomic proofing, using microarray analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Through linear-mixed models and network analysis, different sets of transcripts and pathways were identified that responded to the challenges depending on BMI. Different transcripts that responded to the lipid and glucose tests, independently of BMI, were also identified. In the network analysis, inflammatory and adhesion processes were strongly represented for both challenges.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that BMI is strongly linked to the transcriptomic and metabolic response to acute challenges. The emerging biological processes are mainly inflammation-related pathways, highlighting an interconnection between obesity, inflammation/adhesion, and response to nutritional challenge. The comparison between lipid and glucose challenges shows how these trigger a substantially different molecular response.
authors: The Microsoft Research, University of Trento Centre for Computational Systems Biology (COSBI), Rovereto, Italy.
authors: Alice
authors: A
authors: Matone
authors: Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.|Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Colm M
authors: CM
authors: O'Grada
authors: Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.|Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Eugene T
authors: ET
authors: Dillon
authors: Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Ciara
authors: C
authors: Morris
authors: Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Miriam F
authors: MF
authors: Ryan
authors: Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Marianne
authors: M
authors: Walsh
authors: Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Eileen R
authors: ER
authors: Gibney
authors: Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.|UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Lorraine
authors: L
authors: Brennan
authors: Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Gibney
authors: The Microsoft Research, University of Trento Centre for Computational Systems Biology (COSBI), Rovereto, Italy.|Department of Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
authors: Melissa J
authors: MJ
authors: Morine
authors: Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.|Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.|UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Helen M
authors: HM
authors: Roche
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059467:Transcriptome
keywords: BMI; Inflammation; Metabolic markers; Nutritional health; OGTT; OLTT; Transcriptomics