title: Resistance training improves isokinetic strength and metabolic syndrome-related phenotypes in postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of resistance training (RT) on metabolic syndrome-related phenotypes in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two postmenopausal women (65.0±4.2 years) underwent 12 weeks of whole body progressive training with intensity prescribed based on rating of perceived exertion. Dominant knee extension strength was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer before and after the intervention. Moreover, all volunteers had blood samples collected for lipid profile, glycemic control, and C-reactive protein analyses. Waist circumference and arterial blood pressure were also measured at baseline and after the training period. Student's t-tests for paired samples and repeated measures ANOVA were used to compare dependent variables, and statistical significance was set at P<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Isokinetic muscle strength significantly increased (P<0.01) with training. It was observed that waist circumference as well as total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels significantly decreased with training (P<0.01). Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, an important marker of cardiovascular disease incidence, was also significantly reduced (from 3.91±0.91 to 3.60±0.74; P<0.01) after the program. Blood glucose, basal insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance were also significantly reduced (P<0.01). No significant alterations were observed for resting blood pressure, triglycerides, or C-reactive protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the observed results, it can be concluded that a 12-week progressive RT program, besides increasing isokinetic muscle strength, induces beneficial alterations on metabolic syndrome-related phenotypes in postmenopausal women. These findings highlight this mode of exercise as an important component of public health promotion programs for aged women. RT improves isokinetic strength and metabolic syndrome-related phenotypes in postmenopausal women.
authors: Department of Physical Education, Instituto Federal de Brasília, Brasília DF, Brazil.
authors: Pedro Ferreira Alves
authors: PF
authors: Oliveira
authors: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: André Bonadias
authors: AB
authors: Gadelha
authors: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Gauche
authors: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Flávio Macedo Lahud
authors: FM
authors: Paiva
authors: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Martim
authors: M
authors: Bottaro
authors: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Lauro C
authors: LC
authors: Vianna
authors: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Ricardo Moreno
authors: RM
authors: Lima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D017698:Postmenopause; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: OMNI-RES; aging; cardiometabolic risk; strength training