title: Molecular Approaches to Identify Helicobacter pylori Antimicrobial Resistance.
abstract: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is needed to adapt Helicobacter pylori treatment to obtain the best results. Beside the standard phenotypic methods, molecular methods are increasingly used. The value of these molecular tests is that they are quick, independent of the transport conditions, easy to standardize, and commercial kits are available. In this article, these methods are reviewed, focusing on the determination of H pylori resistance to macrolides and fluoroquinolones, and mentioning also the methods used for tetracycline and rifampin.
authors: Bacteriology Laboratory, INSERM U853, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33000, France. Electronic address: francis.megraud@chu-bordeaux.fr.
authors: Francis
authors: F
authors: Mégraud
authors: Bacteriology Laboratory, INSERM U853, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33000, France.
authors: Lucie
authors: L
authors: Bénéjat
authors: Bacteriology Laboratory, INSERM U853, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33000, France.
authors: Esther Nina
authors: EN
authors: Ontsira Ngoyi
authors: Bacteriology Laboratory, INSERM U853, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33000, France.
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Lehours
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: Dual priming oligonucleotide; Fluorescent in situ hybridization; Fluoroquinolones; Macrolides; Polymerase chain reaction; Real-time polymerase chain reaction; Rifampins; Tetracyclines