title: Biofilm formation and genetic diversity of Salmonella isolates recovered from clinical, food, poultry and environmental sources.
abstract: In the present study, Salmonella isolates (n=40) recovered from clinical, food, poultry and environmental sources were characterized for serotype identification, genetic diversity and biofilm formation capability. Serotype identification using multiplex PCR assay revealed six isolates to be Salmonella Typhimurium, 14 as Salmonella Enteritidis, 11 as Salmonella Typhi, and the remaining nine isolates unidentified were considered as other Salmonella spp. Most of the Salmonella isolates (85%) produced biofilm on polystyrene surfaces as assessed by microtitre plate assay. About 67.5% isolates were weak biofilm producers and 17.5% were moderate biofilm producers. There was no significant difference in biofilm-forming ability among the Salmonella isolates recovered from different geographical regions or different sources. Among the genetic methods, Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC) PCR revealed greater discriminatory power (DI, 0.943) followed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (DI, 0.899) and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR (DI, 0.873). However, composite analysis revealed the highest discrimination index (0.957). Greater discrimination of S. Typhimurium and S. Typhi was achieved using PFGE, while ERIC PCR was better for S. Enteritidis and other Salmonella serotypes. A strong positive correlation (r=0.992) was observed between biofilm formation trait and clustered Salmonella isolates in composite genetic analysis.
authors: Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 India.
authors: Amruta
authors: A
authors: Nair
authors: Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 India. Electronic address: deepak.rawool@yahoo.com.
authors: Deepak B
authors: DB
authors: Rawool
authors: Institute of Medical Microbiology, Biomedizinisches Forschungszentrum Seltersberg, Schubertstr. 81, Giessen 35392, Germany.
authors: Swapnil
authors: S
authors: Doijad
authors: Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur 440006, India.
authors: Krupali
authors: K
authors: Poharkar
authors: Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 India.
authors: Vysakh
authors: V
authors: Mohan
authors: National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur 493225, India.
authors: Sukhadeo B
authors: SB
authors: Barbuddhe
authors: K.N.P. College of Veterinary Science, Shirval 412801, India.
authors: Rahul
authors: R
authors: Kolhe
authors: Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur 440006, India.
authors: Nitin V
authors: NV
authors: Kurkure
authors: Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 India.
authors: Ashok
authors: A
authors: Kumar
authors: Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 India.
authors: S V S
authors: SVS
authors: Malik
authors: Nehru Arts and Science College, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641001, India.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Balasaravanan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018441:Biofilms; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D011200:Poultry; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D012703:Serotyping
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: Biofilm formation; ERIC PCR; Genetic diversity; PFGE; RAPD PCR; Salmonella