title: MEMS-based multiphoton endomicroscope for repetitive imaging of mouse colon.
abstract: We demonstrate a handheld multiphoton endomicroscope with 3.4 mm distal diameter that can repetitively image mouse colon in vivo. A 2D resonant MEMS mirror was developed to perform beam scanning in a Lissajous pattern. The instrument has an effective numerical aperture of 0.63, lateral and axial resolution of 2.03 and 9.02 μm, respectively, working distance of 60 μm, and image field-of-view of 300 × 300 μm(2). Hoechst was injected intravenously in mice to stain cell nuclei. We were able to collect histology-like images in vivo at 5 frames/sec, and distinguish between normal and pre-malignant colonic epithelium.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Xiyu
authors: X
authors: Duan
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Haijun
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Zhen
authors: Z
authors: Qiu
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Bishnu P
authors: BP
authors: Joshi
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Asha
authors: A
authors: Pant
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Arlene
authors: A
authors: Smith
authors: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Katsuo
authors: K
authors: Kurabayashi
authors: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Kenn R
authors: KR
authors: Oldham
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Thomas D
authors: TD
authors: Wang
keywords: (060.2350) Fiber optics imaging; (110.0110) Imaging systems; (170.0170) Medical optics and biotechnology; (170.2150) Endoscopic imaging; (190.4180) Multiphoton processes