title: Advances in Boerhaavia diffusa hairy root technology: a valuable pursuit for identifying strain sensitivity and up-scaling factors to refine metabolite yield and bioactivity potentials.
abstract: The present study reports the Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root induction in of an ethno-medicinally significant herb-Boerhaavia diffusa L., for elucidating the underlying competence regarding its biosynthetic (i.e. boeravinone B and eupalitin) and bioactivity (antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory) potentials. Host plant-specific receptiveness towards A. rhizogenes strains and disparity in compatibility threshold of leaf and nodal explants were evident. Only leaf explants responded, attaining hairy root induction with the ATCC 15834 followed by A4 and SA79 strains in reducing order of transformation efficiency. The growth behaviours differed amongst independent rhizoclones, and two clones of A4 (RBH) and ATCC 15834 (RBT8) origin demonstrated higher growth potentials. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of rol genes confirmed their transformed nature. Optimization of the appropriate solvent and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography parameters relating to the targeted metabolite production in the selected RBH and RBT8 clones revealed higher accumulation of eupalitin with the RBH clone having the best result of 1.44 times greater yield over the control root. Compared to the selected rhizoclones, the control roots however showed higher boeravinone B content. Devising a modified "stirred-tank" reactor through equipping with marine impellers and ring spargers facilitated high-density RBH root biomass yield with 6.1-fold and 1.15-fold yield increment of the boeravinone B and eupalitin respectively compared to shake-flask cultures. Considering the control roots, the RBH clone revealed analogous antioxidant/antibacterial activities with improved anti-inflammatory potential. The hairy root mediated higher production of boeravinone B and eupalitin could be achieved for the first time in bioreactor.
authors: Plant Biotechnology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CIMAP Campus, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Ruby
authors: R
authors: Gupta
authors: Plant Biotechnology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CIMAP Campus, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Pallavi
authors: P
authors: Pandey
authors: Plant Biotechnology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CIMAP Campus, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Sailendra
authors: S
authors: Singh
authors: Molecular Bioprospection Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR- CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Dhananjay Kumar
authors: DK
authors: Singh
authors: Molecular Bioprospection Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR- CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Archana
authors: A
authors: Saxena
authors: Molecular Bioprospection Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR- CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Suaib
authors: S
authors: Luqman
authors: Molecular Bioprospection Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR- CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Dnyaneshwar U
authors: DU
authors: Bawankule
authors: Plant Biotechnology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India. suchitrabanerjee07@yahoo.com.
authors: Suchitra
authors: S
authors: Banerjee
mesh_terms: D060054:Agrobacterium / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D019149:Bioreactors; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D039281:Nyctaginaceae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; C560379:boeravinone B
keywords: A. rhizogenes strains; Bioactivities; Bioreactor; Boerhaavia diffusa; Hairy roots; Metabolites