title: Nebivolol Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury on Liver But Not on Distant Organs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury may occur after large tumor resection and liver transplantation procedures. Nitric oxide was shown to have protective effects on ischemia/reperfusion injury. Nebivolol is a compound that has been reported to improve nitric oxide release. We evaluated the effects of nebivolol in a rat liver ischemia/reperfusion model.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each). Group I underwent only laparotomy, Group II was administered nebivolol and then underwent laparotomy, Group III underwent laparotomy and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion, and Group IV was administered nebivolol and then underwent laparotomy and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. Serum AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine levels, and TAS and TOS levels of liver, lung, and kidney tissues were determined. Histopathological determination was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nebivolol significantly reduced liver function tests in group IV, but it did not improve renal functions. Oxidative stress and abnormal histopathological findings were found to be reduced in liver tissue in group IV. Although the oxidative stress was increased after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion, nebivolol could not reduce the oxidative stress in kidney tissue. There were no significant differences between group III and group IV in terms of the histopathological changes in kidney tissue. There were no significant differences in lung tissue between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that nebivolol has protective effects on liver but not on distant organs in a hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury model. These experimental findings indicate that nebivolol may be useful in the treatment of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
authors: a Department of General Surgery, Dicle University Medical Faculty , Diyarbakır , Turkey.
authors: Burak Veli
authors: BV
authors: Ulger
authors: b Department of General Surgery, Akdeniz University Medical Faculty , Antalya , Turkey.
authors: Halil
authors: H
authors: Erbis
authors: c Department of Pathology, Dicle University Medical Faculty , Diyarbakır , Turkey.
authors: Gul
authors: G
authors: Turkcu
authors: d Department of Biochemistry, Dicle University Medical Faculty , Diyarbakır , Turkey.
authors: Aysun
authors: A
authors: Ekinci
authors: b Department of General Surgery, Akdeniz University Medical Faculty , Antalya , Turkey.
authors: Mehmet Akif
authors: MA
authors: Turkoglu
authors: e Department of Histology, Dicle University Medical Faculty , Diyarbakır , Turkey.
authors: Cenap
authors: C
authors: Ekinci
authors: f Department of Internal Medicine, Akdeniz University Medical Faculty , Antalya , Turkey.
authors: Vural Taner
authors: VT
authors: Yilmaz
authors: a Department of General Surgery, Dicle University Medical Faculty , Diyarbakır , Turkey.
authors: Bilsel
authors: B
authors: Bac
mesh_terms: D058665:Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D000068577:Nebivolol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D058665:Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Agonists; D000068577:Nebivolol
keywords: hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury; kidney; lung; liver; nebivolol; nitric oxide