title: Radiological Evaluation and Endovascular Treatment of Hemoptysis.
abstract: Hemoptysis can be a life-threatening condition that warrants urgent investigation and intervention. Common causes include bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis, and malignancy. Computed tomography angiography is an accurate imaging modality for assessment of hemoptysis. The bronchial arteries are the source of bleeding in most cases of hemoptysis, and bronchial artery embolization is the treatment of choice. The aim of this article is to summarize the pathophysiology, causes, initial management, and diagnostic approach of hemoptysis. Endovascular treatment of hemoptysis, technique, embolic materials, outcomes, complications, and follow-up of patients are discussed.
authors: Department of diagnostic Radiology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: alex.ramirez.mej@gmail.com.
authors: Alex Roberto
authors: AR
authors: Ramírez Mejía
authors: Department of Interventional Radiology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors: José Vicente
authors: JV
authors: Méndez Montero
authors: Department of Interventional Radiology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Marco Leyva
authors: ML
authors: Vásquez-Caicedo
authors: Department of diagnostic Radiology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Bustos García de Castro
authors: Department of diagnostic Radiology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Beatriz
authors: B
authors: Cabeza Martínez
authors: Department of diagnostic Radiology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Joaquín
authors: J
authors: Ferreirós Domínguez
mesh_terms: D001981:Bronchial Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D006469:Hemoptysis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed