title: In Vivo and In Vitro performance of Conventional Methods, DIAGNOdent, and an Electronic Caries Monitor for Occlusal Caries Detection in Primary Teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical and laboratory performances of an electronic caries monitor (ECM-IV) and the DIAGNOdent device with that of conventional methods, including visual (VE) and radiographic examinations (RE), for the detection of occlusal caries in primary teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three different observers examined 200 primary molars before extraction (in vivo), immediately after extraction (in vitro 1), and 14 days after extraction (in vitro 2). Examinations were performed visually, radiographically using the DIAGNOdent and ECM-IV devices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among all the methods, the ECM-IV yielded the highest sensitivity and Az (Area under the ROC curve) values at the enamel (D1) threshold and visual examination for dentin (D3) threshold. For reproducibility, the ECM-IV presented the highest Kappa values at the D1 threshold, and the DIAGNOdent presented the highest Kappa values at the D3 threshold. Both devices presented high intraclass correlation coefficient values, although DIAGNOdent showed higher values than ECM-IV in all stages of the study and for all observers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering the importance of early identification of caries in primary teeth, the use of the ECM and DIAGNOdent devices, together with conventional examination methods, will increase the rate of identification of occlusal caries during routine clinic visits.
authors: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey. ebrukucukyilmaz@hotmail.com.
authors: Ebru
authors: E
authors: Kucukyilmaz
authors: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, in Konya, Turkey.
authors: Yagmur
authors: Y
authors: Sener
authors: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, in Konya, Turkey.
authors: Murat Selim
authors: MS
authors: Botsali
mesh_terms: D019540:Area Under Curve; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D003804:Dentin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D055615:Electrical Equipment and Supplies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007834:Lasers; D010808:Physical Examination; D012372:ROC Curve; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*