title: Haustorium Formation in Medicago truncatula Roots Infected by Phytophthora palmivora Does Not Involve the Common Endosymbiotic Program Shared by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobia.
abstract: In biotrophic plant-microbe interactions, microbes infect living plant cells, in which they are hosted in a novel membrane compartment, the host-microbe interface. To create a host-microbe interface, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rhizobia make use of the same endosymbiotic program. It is a long-standing hypothesis that pathogens make use of plant proteins that are dedicated to mutualistic symbiosis to infect plants and form haustoria. In this report, we developed a Phytophthora palmivora pathosystem to study haustorium formation in Medicago truncatula roots. We show that P. palmivora does not require host genes that are essential for symbiotic infection and host-microbe interface formation to infect Medicago roots and form haustoria. Based on these findings, we conclude that P. palmivora does not hijack the ancient intracellular accommodation program used by symbiotic microbes to form a biotrophic host-microbe interface.
authors: 1 Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands;
authors: Rik
authors: R
authors: Huisman
authors: 2 Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University;|3 Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO Box 800.56 3508 TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Klaas
authors: K
authors: Bouwmeester
authors: 1 Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands;
authors: Marijke
authors: M
authors: Brattinga
authors: 2 Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University;
authors: Francine
authors: F
authors: Govers
authors: 1 Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands;
authors: Ton
authors: T
authors: Bisseling
authors: 1 Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands;
authors: Erik
authors: E
authors: Limpens
mesh_terms: D017343:Genes, Plant; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D046913:Medicago truncatula / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000502:physiology*; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology*; D012231:Rhizobium / Q000502:physiology*; D013559:Symbiosis