title: Morus nigra leaf extract improves glycemic response and redox profile in the liver of diabetic rats.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and alterations in the carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. DM is associated with increased oxidative stress and pancreatic beta cell damage, which impair the production of insulin and the maintenance of normoglycemia. Inhibiting oxidative damage and controlling hyperglycemia are two important strategies for the prevention of diabetes. The pulp and leaf extracts of mulberry (Morus nigra L.) have abundant total phenolics and flavonoids, and its antioxidant potential may be an important factor for modulating oxidative stress induced by diabetes. In this study, DM was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (135 mg kg(-1)). Female Fischer rats were divided into four groups: control, diabetic, diabetic pulp, and diabetic leaf extract. Animals in the diabetic pulp and diabetic leaf extract groups were treated for 30 days with M. nigra L. pulp or leaf extracts, respectively. At the end of treatment, animals were euthanized and, liver and blood samples were collected for analysis of biochemical and metabolic parameters. Our study demonstrated that treatment of diabetic rats with leaf extracts decreased the superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase (CAT) ratio and carbonylated protein levels by reducing oxidative stress. Moreover, the leaf extract of M. nigra L. decreased the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity, increased insulinemia, and alleviated hyperglycemia-induced diabetes. In conclusion, our study found that the leaf extract of M. nigra L. improved oxidative stress and complications in diabetic rats, suggesting the utility of this herbal remedy in the prevention and treatment of DM.
authors: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35.400-000, Brazil. dani.caldeiracosta@gmail.com.
authors: Carolina Morais
authors: CM
authors: Araujo
authors: Karine de Pádua
authors: Kde P
authors: Lúcio
authors: Marcelo Eustáquio
authors: ME
authors: Silva
authors: Mauro César
authors: MC
authors: Isoldi
authors: Gustavo Henrique Bianco
authors: GH
authors: de Souza
authors: Geraldo Célio
authors: GC
authors: Brandão
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Schulz
authors: Daniela Caldeira
authors: DC
authors: Costa
mesh_terms: D000496:Alloxan; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000496:Alloxan; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2