title: Molecular imaging and neural networks in impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Impulse control disorders (ICDs) may arise in Parkinson's disease (PD) in relation to the use of dopamine agonists (DA). A dysfunction of reward circuits is considered the main underlying mechanism. Neuroimaging has been largely used in this setting to understand the structure of the reward system and its abnormalities brought by exogenous stimulation in PD. Dopaminergic changes, such as increased dopamine release, reduced dopamine transporter activity and other changes, have been shown to be a consistent feature of ICDs in PD. Beyond the striatum, alterations of prefrontal cortical function may also impact an individuals' propensity for impulsivity. Neuroimaging is advancing our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the development of these behavioral addictions. An increased understanding of these disorders may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets, or the identification of risk factors for the development of these disorders.
authors: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Unit & Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson Disease, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute, UHN, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Aracil-Bolaños
authors: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Unit & Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson Disease, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute, UHN, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: antonio.strafella@uhn.ca.
authors: A P
authors: AP
authors: Strafella
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Impulse control disorders; Molecular imaging; Parkinson's disease