title: Streaking artifact reduction for quantitative susceptibility mapping of sources with large dynamic range.
abstract: Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a novel MRI technique for the measurement of tissue magnetic susceptibility in three dimensions. Although numerous algorithms have been developed to solve this ill-posed inverse problem, the estimation of susceptibility maps with a wide range of values is still problematic. In cases such as large veins, contrast agent uptake and intracranial hemorrhages, extreme susceptibility values in focal areas cause severe streaking artifacts. To enable the reduction of these artifacts, whilst preserving subtle susceptibility contrast, a two-level QSM reconstruction algorithm (streaking artifact reduction for QSM, STAR-QSM) was developed in this study by tuning a regularization parameter to automatically reconstruct both large and small susceptibility values. Compared with current state-of-the-art QSM methods, such as the improved sparse linear equation and least-squares (iLSQR) algorithm, STAR-QSM significantly reduced the streaking artifacts, whilst preserving the sharp boundaries for blood vessels of mouse brains in vivo and fine anatomical details of high-resolution mouse brains ex vivo. Brain image data from patients with cerebral hematoma and multiple sclerosis further illustrated the superiority of this method in reducing streaking artifacts caused by large susceptibility sources, whilst maintaining sharp anatomical details. STAR-QSM is implemented in STI Suite, a comprehensive shareware for susceptibility imaging and quantification.
authors: Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors: Hongjiang
authors: H
authors: Wei
authors: Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors: Russell
authors: R
authors: Dibb
authors: Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yawen
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Jianrong
authors: J
authors: Xu
authors: Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors: Nian
authors: N
authors: Wang
authors: Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.|Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors: Chunlei
authors: C
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology; D006406:Hematoma / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012984:Software
keywords: cerebral hematoma; multiple sclerosis; quantitative susceptibility mapping; streaking artifact reduction