title: Ultrasensitive and accelerated detection of ciguatoxin by capillary electrophoresis via on-line sandwich immunoassay with rotating magnetic field and nanoparticles signal enhancement.
abstract: A sensitive and rapid on-line immunoassay for the determination of ciguatoxin CTX3C was developed based on a capillary mixing system, which was integrated with capillary electrophoresis (CE) separation and electrochemical (EC) detection. In the sandwich immunoassay system, anti-CTX3C-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were used as immunosensing probes, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and anti-CTX3C antibody were bound onto the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and used as recognition elements. Online formation of immunocomplex was realized in capillary inlet end with an external rotating magnetic field. Compared with classical HPLC-MS and ELISA, the assay adopting AuNPs as multienzyme carriers and online sandwich immunoassay format with rotating magnetic field exhibited higher sensitivity and shorter assay time. The linear range of the assay for CTX3C was from 0.6 to 150 ng/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.9948 (n = 2), and the detection limit (S/N = 3) was 0.09 ng/L. The developed assay showed satisfying reproducibility and stability, and it was successfully applied for the quantification of CTX3C in fish samples.
authors: Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China. Electronic address: qustzhzhx@126.com.
authors: Zhaoxiang
authors: Z
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
authors: Chaoying
authors: C
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
authors: Wenxiu
authors: W
authors: Luan
authors: Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250103, PR China.
authors: Xiufeng
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China. Electronic address: xiliangluo@hotmail.com.
authors: Xiliang
authors: X
authors: Luo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D002922:Ciguatoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D057230:Limit of Detection; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D059346:Magnets / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C466858:ciguatoxin 3C; D002922:Ciguatoxins; D006046:Gold
keywords: Capillary electrophoresis; Ciguatoxin; Electrochemical detection; Nanoparticle; Sandwich immunoassay