title: A Review of Emerging Technologies for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) along with the poor health outcomes and the escalated costs of treatment and care poses the need to focus on prevention, early detection and improved management of the disease. The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the latest accomplishments in sensors for glucose and lifestyle monitoring along with clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) facilitating self-disease management and supporting healthcare professionals in decision making.
  
  
  METHODS
  A critical literature review analysis is conducted focusing on advances in: 1) sensors for physiological and lifestyle monitoring, 2) models and molecular biomarkers for predicting the onset and assessing the progress of DM, and 3) modeling and control methods for regulating glucose levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glucose and lifestyle sensing technologies are continuously evolving with current research focusing on the development of noninvasive sensors for accurate glucose monitoring. A wide range of modeling, classification, clustering, and control approaches have been deployed for the development of the CDSS for diabetes management. Sophisticated multiscale, multilevel modeling frameworks taking into account information from behavioral down to molecular level are necessary to reveal correlations and patterns indicating the onset and evolution of DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Integration of data originating from sensor-based systems and electronic health records combined with smart data analytics methods and powerful user centered approaches enable the shift toward preventive, predictive, personalized, and participatory diabetes care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The potential of sensing and predictive modeling approaches toward improving diabetes management is highlighted and related challenges are identified.
authors: Konstantia
authors: K
authors: Zarkogianni
authors: Eleni
authors: E
authors: Litsa
authors: Konstantinos
authors: K
authors: Mitsis
authors: Po-Yen
authors: PY
authors: Wu
authors: Chanchala D
authors: CD
authors: Kaddi
authors: Chih-Wen
authors: CW
authors: Cheng
authors: May D
authors: MD
authors: Wang
authors: Konstantina S
authors: KS
authors: Nikita
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D020000:Decision Support Systems, Clinical; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose