title: Radial fundus autofluorescence in the periphery in patients with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the peripheral autofluorescence images and clinical features of patients with retinal dystrophy who showed radial fundus autofluorescence (FAF) at the posterior pole.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively reviewed pooled wide-field FAF images of 711 patients with retinal dystrophy and 56 family members.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven eyes of seven women exhibited radial FAF at the posterior pole. Wide-field FAF showed extension of the radial pattern to the periphery in all eyes except one. One woman showed radial hyper-FAF only in the periphery, not at the posterior pole. These eight individuals were X-linked retinitis pigmentosa patients or carriers. The tapetal-like reflex was not observed in their color fundus photographs. The peripheral visual field showed wedge-shaped restriction in some individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wide-field FAF imaging can depict radial FAF not only at the posterior pole but also in the periphery in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa carriers. The authors therefore agree with previous reports that radial FAF may be a hallmark of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Ogino
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Maho
authors: M
authors: Oishi
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Oishi
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Morooka
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Masako
authors: M
authors: Sugahara
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan ; Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Norimoto
authors: N
authors: Gotoh
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Masafumi
authors: M
authors: Kurimoto
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Nagahisa
authors: N
authors: Yoshimura
keywords: RPGR gene; X-linked retinitis pigmentosa; radial pattern; wide-field fundus autofluorescence