title: Stable isotope labeling strategy based on coding theory.
abstract: We describe a strategy for stable isotope-aided protein nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, called stable isotope encoding. The basic idea of this strategy is that amino-acid selective labeling can be considered as "encoding and decoding" processes, in which the information of amino acid type is encoded by the stable isotope labeling ratio of the corresponding residue and it is decoded by analyzing NMR spectra. According to the idea, the strategy can diminish the required number of labelled samples by increasing information content per sample, enabling discrimination of 19 kinds of non-proline amino acids with only three labeled samples. The idea also enables this strategy to combine with information technologies, such as error detection by check digit, to improve the robustness of analyses with low quality data. Stable isotope encoding will facilitate NMR analyses of proteins under non-ideal conditions, such as those in large complex systems, with low-solubility, and in living cells.
authors: Laboratory for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.|JST CREST, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
authors: Takuma
authors: T
authors: Kasai
authors: Laboratory for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.|Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8573, Japan.
authors: Seizo
authors: S
authors: Koshiba
authors: Laboratory for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.|Cell-Free Technology Application Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center (RInC), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.|SI Innovation Center, Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation, 2008-2 Wada, Tama-shi, Tokyo, 206-0001, Japan.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Yokoyama
authors: Laboratory for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan. kigawa@riken.jp.|JST CREST, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan. kigawa@riken.jp.|Cell-Free Technology Application Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center (RInC), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan. kigawa@riken.jp.|Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan. kigawa@riken.jp.
authors: Takanori
authors: T
authors: Kigawa
mesh_terms: D007553:Isotope Labeling; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Amino-acid selective stable isotope labeling; Cell-free protein synthesis; Coding theory; Combinatorial selective labeling; Signal assignment