title: Animal models of pituitary neoplasia.
abstract: Pituitary neoplasias can occur as part of a complex inherited disorder, or more commonly as sporadic (non-familial) disease. Studies of the molecular and genetic mechanisms causing such pituitary tumours have identified dysregulation of >35 genes, with many revealed by studies in mice, rats and zebrafish. Strategies used to generate these animal models have included gene knockout, gene knockin and transgenic over-expression, as well as chemical mutagenesis and drug induction. These animal models provide an important resource for investigation of tissue-specific tumourigenic mechanisms, and evaluations of novel therapies, illustrated by studies into multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), a hereditary syndrome in which ∼ 30% of patients develop pituitary adenomas. This review describes animal models of pituitary neoplasia that have been generated, together with some recent advances in gene editing technologies, and an illustration of the use of the Men1 mouse as a pre clinical model for evaluating novel therapies.
authors: Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
authors: K E
authors: KE
authors: Lines
authors: Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Stevenson
authors: Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK. Electronic address: rajesh.thakker@ndm.ox.ac.uk.
authors: R V
authors: RV
authors: Thakker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: C105373:MEN1 protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins
keywords: Adenoma; Carcinoma; Mouse; Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1; Pituitary; Rat