title: Molecular basis of cleft palates in mice.
abstract: Cleft palate, including complete or incomplete cleft palates, soft palate clefts, and submucosal cleft palates, is the most frequent congenital craniofacial anomaly in humans. Multifactorial conditions, including genetic and environmental factors, induce the formation of cleft palates. The process of palatogenesis is temporospatially regulated by transcription factors, growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and membranous molecules; a single ablation of these molecules can result in a cleft palate in vivo. Studies on knockout mice were reviewed in order to identify genetic errors that lead to cleft palates. In this review, we systematically describe these mutant mice and discuss the molecular mechanisms of palatogenesis.
authors: Noriko Funato, Masataka Nakamura, Research Center for Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Funato
authors: Noriko Funato, Masataka Nakamura, Research Center for Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
authors: Masataka
authors: M
authors: Nakamura
authors: Noriko Funato, Masataka Nakamura, Research Center for Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
authors: Hiromi
authors: H
authors: Yanagisawa
keywords: Incomplete cleft palate; Knockout mice; Palatal shelf; Palatogenesis; Submucosal cleft palate; Tbx1