title: Integral approaches to wastewater treatment plant upgrading for odor prevention: Activated Sludge and Oxidized Ammonium Recycling.
abstract: Traditional physical/chemical end-of-the-pipe technologies for odor abatement are relatively expensive and present high environmental impacts. On the other hand, biotechnologies have recently emerged as cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives but are still limited by their investment costs and land requirements. A more desirable approach to odor control is the prevention of odorant formation before being released to the atmosphere, but limited information is available beyond good design and operational practices of the wastewater treatment process. The present paper reviews two widely applicable and economic alternatives for odor control, Activated Sludge Recycling (ASR) and Oxidized Ammonium Recycling (OAR), by discussing their fundamentals, key operating parameters and experience from the available pilot and field studies. Both technologies present high application potential using readily available plant by-products with a minimum plant upgrading, and low investment and operating costs, contributing to the sustainability and economic efficiency of odor control at wastewater treatment facilities.
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
authors: José M
authors: JM
authors: Estrada
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands; CH2M, Level 7, 9 Help Street, Chatswood, NSW 2067, Australia.
authors: N J R
authors: NJ
authors: Kraakman
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Lebrero
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, 47011 Valladolid, Spain. Electronic address: mutora@iq.uva.es.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Muñoz
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D009812:Odorants / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D059027:Recycling; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Activated Sludge Recycling; Centrate recycling; Hydrogen sulfide; Nitrate; Odor control