title: Geographic isolation drives divergence of uncorrelated genetic and song variation in the Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush (Catharus frantzii; Aves: Turdidae).
abstract: Montane barriers influence the evolutionary history of lineages by promoting isolation of populations. The effects of these historical processes are evident in patterns of differentiation among extant populations, which are often expressed as genetic and behavioral variation between populations. We investigated the effects of geographic barriers on the evolutionary history of a Mesoamerican bird by studying patterns of genetic and vocal variation in the Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush (Turdidae: Catharus frantzii), a non-migratory oscine bird that inhabits montane forests from central Mexico to Panama. We reconstructed the phylogeographic history and estimated divergence times between populations using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. We found strong support for the existence of four mitochondrial lineages of C. frantzii corresponding to isolated mountain ranges: Sierra Madre Oriental; Sierra Madre del Sur; the highlands of Chiapas, Guatemala, and El Salvador; and the Talamanca Cordillera. Vocal features in C. frantzii were highly variable among the four observed clades, but vocal variation and genetic variation were uncorrelated. Song variation in C. frantzii suggests that sexual selection and cultural drift could be important factors driving song differentiation in C. frantzii.
authors: Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-399, México, D. F. 04510, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, UNAM, Mexico. Electronic address: marcoortiz@ciencias.unam.mx.
authors: Marco F
authors: MF
authors: Ortiz-Ramírez
authors: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA.
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Andersen
authors: Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-233, México, D. F. 04510, Mexico.
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: Zaldívar-Riverón
authors: Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
authors: Juan Francisco
authors: JF
authors: Ornelas
authors: Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-399, México, D. F. 04510, Mexico.
authors: Adolfo G
authors: AG
authors: Navarro-Sigüenza
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000531:Altitude; D000818:Animals; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002489:Central America; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D065928:Forests; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D020308:Songbirds / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D014828:Vocalization, Animal / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
keywords: Catharus; Mesoamerica; Phylogeography; Song variation