title: Influence of Melatonin on the Proliferative and Apoptotic Responses of the Prostate under Normal and Hyperglycemic Conditions.
abstract: The antitumor properties of melatonin (MLT) are known for prostate cancer cells. This study investigated whether MLT affects prostate maturation and interferes with tissue injuries induced by diabetes. MLT was administered to Wistar rats from 5 weeks of age in the drinking water (10 μg/kg b.w.), and diabetes was induced at the 13th week by streptozotocin (4.5 mg/100g b.w., i.p.). The animals were euthanized in the 14th and 21st weeks. MLT reduced the immunostained cells for androgen receptor (AR) by 10% in younger rats. Diabetes decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. MLT treatment impeded apoptosis (p = 0.02) and augmented proliferation (p = 0.0008) and PCNA content in prostate following long-term diabetes due to restoration of testosterone levels and expression of melatonin receptor type 1B. The effect of MLT (500 µM, 5 mM, and 10 mM) on androgen-dependent (22Rv1) and androgen-independent (PC3) cancer cells and human prostate epithelial cells (PNTA1) under normal and hyperglycemic conditions (HG, 450 mg/dL) was analyzed. Contrary to PNTA1 and 22Rv1 cells, MLT improved the proliferation of PC3 cells in hyperglycemic medium. The combined data indicated that MLT had proliferative and antiapoptotic effects in prostate cells subjected to HG levels and it seems to involve specific MLT pathways rather than AR.
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Avenue Bertrand Russel, 6109 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Marina G
authors: MG
authors: Gobbo
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Urological Research, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
authors: Nishtman
authors: N
authors: Dizeyi
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Urological Research, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
authors: Per-Anders
authors: PA
authors: Abrahamsson
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Urological Research, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
authors: Per-Anders
authors: PA
authors: Bertilsson
authors: Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Viviane Sanches
authors: VS
authors: Masitéli
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Avenue Bertrand Russel, 6109 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Eloisa Zanin
authors: EZ
authors: Pytlowanciv
authors: Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Sebastião R
authors: SR
authors: Taboga
authors: Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Rejane M
authors: RM
authors: Góes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D001835:Body Weight; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D003470:Culture Media; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044123:Receptor, Melatonin, MT2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003470:Culture Media; D006728:Hormones; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D044123:Receptor, Melatonin, MT2; D008550:Melatonin