title: Biodiversity conservation should focus on no-take Marine Reserves: 94% of Marine Protected Areas allow fishing.
abstract: Conservation needs places where nature is left wild; but only a quarter of coastal countries have no-take Marine Reserves. 'Marine Protected Areas' (MPAs) have been used to indicate conservation progress but we found that 94% allow fishing and thus cannot protect all aspects of biodiversity. Biodiversity conservation should focus on Marine Reserves, not MPAs.
authors: Institute of Marine Science, Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: m.costello@auckland.ac.nz.
authors: Mark J
authors: MJ
authors: Costello
authors: Institute of Marine Science, Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors: Bill
authors: B
authors: Ballantine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005398:Fisheries / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005399:Fishes; D009792:Oceans and Seas
keywords: ecosystems; fisheries; ocean; sustainability