title: Gut feelings of safety: tolerance to the microbiota mediated by innate immune receptors.
abstract: To enable microbial colonization of the gut mucosa, the intestinal immune system must not only react to danger signals but also recognize cues that indicate safety. Recognition of safety, paradoxically, is mediated by the same environmental sensors that are involved in signaling danger. Indeed, in addition to their well-established role in inducing inflammation in response to stress signals, pattern recognition receptors and a variety of metabolic sensors also promote gut-microbiota symbiosis by responding to "microbial symbiosis factors", "resolution-associated molecular patterns", markers of energy extraction and other signals indicating the absence of pathogenic infection and tissue damage. Here we focus on how the paradoxical roles of immune receptors and other environmental sensors define the microbiota signature of an individual.
authors: Department of History of Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, China.
authors: Bartlomiej
authors: B
authors: Swiatczak
authors: Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
authors: Irun R
authors: IR
authors: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000235:genetics; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C507779:MYD88 protein, human; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition
keywords: gut; immune tolerance; microbiota; pattern recognition receptors; symbiosis