title: Rhizobial strains isolated from nodules of Medicago marina in southwest Spain are abiotic-stress tolerant and symbiotically diverse.
abstract: The isolation and characterisation of nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria from Medicago marina, a tolerant legume species, were studied in two areas from southwest Spain. A total of 30 out of 82 isolates with distinct ERIC-PCR fingerprints were analysed on the basis of molecular (PCR-RFLP of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (IGS) with two endonucleases, analysis of the 16S rDNA and symbiotic nodC gene sequences, plasmid profiles and SDS-PAGE of LPS, including the partial sequence of the housekeeping gene glnII and the symbiotic gene nodA of some representatives), physiological (utilisation of sole carbon sources, tolerance to antibiotics, NaCl, heavy metals, temperature and pH) and symbiotic parameters (efficacy on M. marina, M. minima, M. murex, M. orbicularis, M. polymorpha, M. sativa and M. truncatula). All the bacteria isolated from M. marina nodules belonged to Ensifer meliloti, except for one strain that belonged to E. medicae. To determine the nodulation range of M. marina, 10 different Ensifer species were tested for their ability to nodulate on this plant. E. kummerowiae CCBAU 71714 and the E. medicae control strain M19.1 were the only Ensifer species tested that developed nitrogen-fixing nodules on this plant. Most of the M. marina-nodulating strains showed tolerance to stress factors and all of them shared the presence of a gene similar to cadA, a gene that encodes for a PIB-type ATPase, which is a transporter belonging to the large superfamily of ATP-driven pumps involved in the transport of metals across cell membranes.
authors: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes 6, Sevilla 41012, Spain. Electronic address: calias@us.es.
authors: Cynthia
authors: C
authors: Alías-Villegas
authors: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes 6, Sevilla 41012, Spain. Electronic address: cubo@us.es.
authors: M Teresa
authors: MT
authors: Cubo
authors: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes 6, Sevilla 41012, Spain. Electronic address: victorialara@live.com.
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Lara-Dampier
authors: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes 6, Sevilla 41012, Spain. Electronic address: bellogin@us.es.
authors: Ramón A
authors: RA
authors: Bellogín
authors: Centro Las Torres-Tomejil (IFAPA), Apartado Oficial, Alcalá del Río, Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address: mariag.camachomartinez@juntadeandalucia.es.
authors: María
authors: M
authors: Camacho
authors: Centro Las Torres-Tomejil (IFAPA), Apartado Oficial, Alcalá del Río, Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address: francisco.temprano@juntadeandalucia.es.
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Temprano
authors: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes 6, Sevilla 41012, Spain. Electronic address: espuny@us.es.
authors: M Rosario
authors: MR
authors: Espuny
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D029902:Medicago / Q000382:microbiology*; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D010957:Plasmids / Q000032:analysis; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S / Q000235:genetics; D012230:Rhizobiaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D053204:Root Nodules, Plant / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D013030:Spain; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; C060771:NodC protein, Rhizobiales
keywords: Diversity; E. medicae; E. meliloti; Medicago marina; Sinorhizobium/Ensifer; cadA