title: Improvement of the degradation of sulfate rich wastewater using sweetmeat waste (SMW) as nutrient supplement.
abstract: External dosing of sweetmeat waste (SMW) dosing into exhausted upflow packed bed bioreactor (PBR) resulted in prompt reactivation of SO4(2-) removal. Different SMW concentrations in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD)/SO4(2-) ratios (1, 2, 4 and 8) were introduced into four identical PBR where process stability was found within 3 weeks of operation. SO4(2-) removal was proportional to COD/SO4(2-) ratios up to 4 at which maximum sulfate removal (99%) was achieved at a rate of 607 mg/d. The value of COD consumption:SO4(2-)removal was much higher at ratio 4 than 8 whereas, ratio 2 was preferred over all. Net effluent acetate concentration profile and total microbial population attached to the reactor matrices were corresponding to COD/SO4(2-) ratio as 4>8>2>>1. Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) population was found to be inversely proportional to COD/SO4(2-) ratio in which acetate oxidizing SRB and fermentative bacteria were the dominant.
authors: Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
authors: Bidus Kanti
authors: BK
authors: Das
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
authors: Shantonu
authors: S
authors: Roy
authors: Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
authors: Subhabrata
authors: S
authors: Dev
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
authors: Debabrata
authors: D
authors: Das
authors: Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India. Electronic address: jayantaism@gmail.com.
authors: Jayanta
authors: J
authors: Bhattacharya
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000032:analysis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D019149:Bioreactors; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005285:Fermentation; D019649:Food Industry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D013431:Sulfates / Q000032:analysis*; D013440:Sulfides / Q000032:analysis; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007220:Industrial Waste; D013431:Sulfates; D013440:Sulfides
keywords: COD/SO(4)(2−) ratio; External dosing; Sulfate reducing bacteria; Sulfate removal; Sweetmeat waste