title: Sodium tanshinone II A sulfonate ameliorates microcirculatory disturbance of small intestine by attenuating the production of reactie oxygen species in rats with sepsis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether sodium tanshinone II A sulfonate (STS), the main effective component of Salvia miltiorrhiza is effective in relieving the microcirculatory disturbance of small intestine by suppressing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rats with sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A rat model of sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Rats (n =40) were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham-operated group (sham, n =10), sepsis group (CLP, n =10), STS treatment group (STS, n =10) and ROS scavenger dimethylthiourea (DMTU, n =10) group. Animals in the STS group were injected with STS (1 mg/kg) for 10 min through the right external jugular vein after the CLP operation, and animals in the CLP group were given the same volume of normal saline after the CLP operation. Animals in the DMTU group were intraperitoneally injected with 5 mL/kg of 20% DMTU 1 h before CLP. The histopathologic changes in the intestinal tissues and changes of mesenteric microcirculation were observed. The levels of ROS in intestinal tissues from each group were qualitatively evaluated using a fluorescent microscope. The expressions of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK1), phosphorylated ASK1 (phospho-ASK1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK), phosphorylated p38 MAPK (phospho-p38 MAPK) and tissue factor (TF) were determined by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was shown that there were obvious microcirculatory disturbance (P <0.05) and tissue injuries in intestinal tissues after CLP operation. The levels of ROS production, phospho-ASK1, phospho-p38 MAPK and TF were increased. Both STS and DMTU suppressed ROS, phospho-ASK1, phospho-p38 MAPK and TF production, and ameliorated the microcirculatory disturbance and tissues injury (P <0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  STS can ameliorate the microcirculatory disturbance of the small intestine by attenuating the production of ROS in rats with sepsis.
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Lu
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Wan
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Feng
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. tjjzkzw512@163.com.
authors: Hua-Wen
authors: HW
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D048848:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010616:Phenanthrenes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C024894:tanshinone II A sodium sulfonate; D013925:Thromboplastin; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048848:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5
keywords: Chinese medicine; microcirculation; reactive oxygen species; sepsis; tanshinone II A