Prevalence and characteristics of MIH in school children residing in an endemic fluorosis area of India: an epidemiological study.
OBJECTIVE
This was to study the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) among school children residing in a fluorosis endemic area in Tamilnadu (Salem, India).


METHODS
A target sample of 5000 children of age ranging between 9 and 14 years, comprising 250 children from each of 20 blocks of Salem, participated in this study. The examination was completed in their respective schools by a calibrated examiner using EAPD criteria.


RESULTS
Of 4989 children examined, 384 children had MIH. A prevalence of 7.3 %. The MIH found in girls was 8.9 % compared with 6.1 % in boys. Single-tooth involvement of MIH was seen predominantly in incisors (2.24 %), whereas with molars usually three teeth were involved (1.1 %). MIH with caries involvement was found in 51 % of the teeth.


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of MIH in the endemic fluorosis district was found to be 7.3 %. A gradual increase in MIH was seen with age due to post enamel breakdown. Caries involvement was also seen in more than 50 % of the MIH-involved teeth. This prevalence study for molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is rare in the literature, especially in a fluorosis endemic district in Tamilnadu.
Department of Pedodontics & Preventive dentistry, Vinayaka Missons Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, 636308, Tamilnadu, India. drrameshk@gmail.com.
R
R
Krishnan
Department of Oral pathology, Vinayaka Missons Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamilnadu, India.
M
M
Ramesh
Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, 403202, Goa, India.
P
P
Chalakkal
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors
EAPD index; Endemic fluorosis; Epidemiology; Molar incisor hypomineralisation