Molecular Weight, Protein Binding Affinity and Methane Mitigation of Condensed Tannins from Mangosteen-peel (Garcinia mangostana L).
The objectives of this study were to determine the molecular weight of condensed tannins (CT) extracted from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L) peel, its protein binding affinity and effects on fermentation parameters including total gas, methane (CH4) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) production. The average molecular weight (Mw) of the purified CT was 2,081 Da with a protein binding affinity of 0.69 (the amount needed to bind half the maximum bovine serum albumin). In vitro gas production declined by 0.409, 0.121, and 0.311, respectively, while CH4 production decreased by 0.211, 0.353, and 0.549, respectively, with addition of 10, 20, and 30 mg CT/500 mg dry matter (DM) compared to the control (p<0.05). The effects of CT from mangosteen-peel on in vitro DM degradability (IVDMD) and in vitro N degradability was negative and linear (p<0.01). Total VFA, concentrations of acetic, propionic, butyric and isovaleric acids decreased linearly with increasing amount of CT. The aforementioned results show that protein binding affinity of CT from mangosteen-peel is lower than those reported for Leucaena forages, however, the former has stronger negative effect on IVDMD. Therefore, the use of mangosteen-peel as protein source and CH4 mitigating agent in ruminant feed requires further investigations.
King Mongkut Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Chumphon Campus, Pathio, Chumphon 86160, Thailand .
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Paengkoum
King Mongkut Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Chumphon Campus, Pathio, Chumphon 86160, Thailand .
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Phonmun
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia .
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Liang
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia .
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Huang
School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China .
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Tan
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia .
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Jahromi
Condensed Tannins; Mangosteen-peel; Methane Production; Molecular Weight; Protein Binding Affinity