Association of Characteristics, Deficits, and Outcomes of Residents Placed on Probation at One Institution, 2002-2012.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the population of residents placed on probation, identify learner characteristics associated with being placed on probation, and describe immediate and long-term career outcomes for those placed on probation as compared with matched controls.


METHODS
The authors collected data for residents at the University of Colorado School of Medicine placed on probation from July 2002 to June 2012, including postgraduate year placed on probation, deficits identified, mandated evaluation for physical and mental health, duration of probation, disability accommodations requested, and number of additional training months required. They were retrospectively compared with 102 controls matched for specialty, matriculation, and postgraduate year. Variables assessed included demographics, academic performance, license status, specialty, state board certification, and board citations.


RESULTS
Of 3,091 residents, 3.3% were placed on probation (88 residents; 14 fellows). Compared with controls, those on probation were more likely to be international medical graduates, married, not Caucasian, older (all P < .001), male (P = .01), to have transferred from another graduate medical education training program, and to have taken time off between medical school and residency (all P < .001). Among those currently in practice, 53 (63.9%) were board certified compared with 93 (100%) of the controls. Placement on probation was associated with failure to graduate and lack of board certification. All 7 graduates cited by state medical boards were in the probation group.


CONCLUSIONS
Further research is needed to understand these associations and to determine whether changes in curricula or remediation programs may alter these outcomes.
J. Guerrasio is associate professor, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and director for remediation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. E. Brooks is assistant professor, Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado. C.M. Rumack is professor, Department of Radiology, and associate dean for graduate medical education, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. A. Christensen is director of finance and administration, Office of Graduate Medical Education, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. E.M. Aagaard is professor, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and associate dean for educational strategy, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
Jeannette
J
Guerrasio
Elizabeth
E
Brooks
Carol M
CM
Rumack
Alicia
A
Christensen
Eva M
EM
Aagaard
D000328:Adult; D002321:Career Choice; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002568:Certification; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003120:Colorado; D004647:Employee Discipline; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D028743:Professional Misconduct; D014481:United States