Characterizing individual differences in reward sensitivity from the brain networks involved in response inhibition.
A "disinhibited" cognitive profile has been proposed for individuals with high reward sensitivity, characterized by increased engagement in goal-directed responses and reduced processing of negative or unexpected cues, which impairs adequate behavioral regulation after feedback in these individuals. This pattern is manifested through deficits in inhibitory control and/or increases in RT variability. In the present work, we aimed to test whether this profile is associated with the activity of functional networks during a stop-signal task using independent component analysis (ICA). Sixty-one participants underwent fMRI while performing a stop-signal task, during which a manual response had to be inhibited. ICA was used to mainly replicate the functional networks involved in the task (Zhang and Li, 2012): two motor networks involved in the go response, the left and right fronto-parietal networks for stopping, a midline error-processing network, and the default-mode network (DMN), which was further subdivided into its anterior and posterior parts. Reward sensitivity was mainly associated with greater activity of motor networks, reduced activity in the midline network during correct stop trials and, behaviorally, increased RT variability. All these variables explained 36% of variance of the SR scores. This pattern of associations suggests that reward sensitivity involves greater motor engagement in the dominant response, more distractibility and reduced processing of salient or unexpected events, which may lead to disinhibited behavior.
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
Paola
P
Fuentes-Claramonte
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain. Electronic address: avila@uji.es.
César
C
Ávila
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
Aina
A
Rodríguez-Pujadas
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
Víctor
V
Costumero
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
Noelia
N
Ventura-Campos
Departamento de Psicología y Sociología, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Zaragoza, Doctor Cerrada, 1-3, 50005 Zaragoza, Spain.
Juan Carlos
JC
Bustamante
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
Patricia
P
Rosell-Negre
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
Alfonso
A
Barrós-Loscertales
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time; D012201:Reward; D055815:Young Adult
Cognition; Executive function; Independent component analysis; Magnetic resonance imaging; Reward sensitivity; Stop-signal task