Occurrence, bioaccumulation and risk assessment of dioxin-like PCBs along the Chenab river, Pakistan.
This study aimed to assess the occurrence, distribution and dietary risks of seven dl-PCBs (dioxin-like PCBs) in eleven collected fish species from Chenab river, Pakistan. ∑7dl-PCBs (ng g(-1), wet weight) burden was species-specific and the maximum average concentrations were found in Mastacembelus armatus (5.43), and Rita rita (5.1). Correlation of each dl-PCBs with δ(15)N%, indicated a food chain accumulation process of these chemicals into Chenab river, Pakistan. Species-specific toxicity of each dl-PCBs (WHO-PCBs TEQ) was calculated and higher values were found in three carnivore fish species i.e., M. armatus (2.5 pg TEQ g(-1)), R. rita (2.47 pg TEQ g(-1)), Securicola gora (2.98 pg TEQ g(-1)) and herbivore fish species i.e., Cirrhinus mrigala (2.44 pg TEQ g(-1)). The EDI (Estimated Daily Intake) values in most cases exceeded the WHO benchmark (4 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) bw d(-1)) evidencing a potential health risk for consumers via fish consumption from Chenab river.
Public Health and Environment Division, Department of Biosciences, COMSAT Institute of Information & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: ali_ebl2@yahoo.com.
Syed Ali Musstjab Akber Shah
SA
Eqani
Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Istituto per la Dinamica dei Processi Ambientali (CNR-IDPA), Venezia, Italy.
Alessandra
A
Cincinelli
State Key Lab of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Organic Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China.
Adeel
A
Mehmood
Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Riffat Naseem
RN
Malik
State Key Lab of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Organic Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China.
Gan
G
Zhang
D000818:Animals; D001822:Body Burden; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism; D005506:Food Contamination; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D010154:Pakistan; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D004147:Dioxins; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Dietary risks; Dioxin like-PCBs; Fish; Pakistan; River Chenab