Executive dysfunction in psychosis following traumatic brain injury (PFTBI).
BACKGROUND
Executive dysfunction is well established in patients with traumatic brain injury and in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, assessments of executive function in psychosis following traumatic brain injury (PFTBI) are limited and inconsistent, and often do not reflect the deficits demonstrated in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) or SCZ. We sought to determine the extent of executive dysfunction in PFTBI relative to three comparison cohorts.


METHODS
Measures of executive function were administered to dually diagnosed patients with PFTBI (n = 10) including tests of mental inhibition and switching, processing speed, and attention: the Stroop Task, Trail Making Test (TMT), and the Attention subtest of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Demographically comparable patients with TBI (n = 10), SCZ (n = 23), and healthy controls (n = 23) underwent an identical battery.


RESULTS
Significant executive dysfunction was evident in patients with PFTBI on all measures. Relative to all three comparison cohorts patients with PFTBI performed most poorly.


CONCLUSIONS
These data present novel evidence of substantially impaired executive function across four task types in PFTBI and suggest that TBI and psychosis have an additive influence on executive function deficits. Treatment programs requiring substantial executive engagement are not suitable for patients dually diagnosed with PFTBI.
a Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre (BPsyC) , Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne , VIC , Australia.
Rachel
R
Batty
Andrew
A
Francis
Neil
N
Thomas
Malcolm
M
Hopwood
Jennie
J
Ponsford
Lisa
L
Johnston
Susan
S
Rossell
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001288:Attention; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D055815:Young Adult
Executive dysfunction; Neuropsychology; Psychosis; Schizophrenia; Traumatic brain injury