The effects of 2-methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol on hematological changes induced by 2-butoxyethanol.
BACKGROUND
Alkoxyethanols (ethylene glycol alkyl ethers) are used as mixtures in a variety of industrial and household products. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the effects of 2-methoxyethanol (ME) and 2-ethoxyethanol (EE) on hematological changes induced by 2-butoxyethanol (BE) in rats.


METHODS
Experiments were performed on male Wistar rats treated subcutaneously with BE, ME, and EE alone (in the dose of 0.75 mM/kg/day and 1.25 mM/kg/day) and their mixtures with the molar ratio 1:1, for 4 weeks. Hematological analyses were performed on the day 0, 4, 11, 18, and 29. Hemoglobin (HGB) concentration in the urine was also determined in the rats treated with BE alone and co-exposed to BE and ME and also BE and EE.


RESULTS
The rats co-exposed to BE and ME or BE and EE demonstrated significantly less pronounced hematological changes in comparison with animals treated with BE alone at the beginning of exposure. At the later period the hematological alterations in the same animals were markedly pronounced and progressing with exposure time. The rats co-exposed to BE and ME or BE and EE did not demonstrate hemoglobinuria.


CONCLUSIONS
ME or EE co-administered to rats with BE lead to the amelioration in the majority of the hematological parameters at the beginning of the exposure. The hematological changes at the end of the co-exposure to BE and ME or BE and EE were markedly pronounced. The effects observed in this study appear to be related with metabolic interactions of the examined ether. Med Pr 2015;66(3):303-315.
Jagiellonian University / Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Poland (Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemical Toxicology / Collegium Medicum, Wydział Farmaceutyczny, Zakład Biochemii Toksykologicznej). beata.starek@gmail.com.
Beata
B
Starek-Świechowicz
Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute / Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Warszawa, Poland (Department of Chemical, Aerosol and Biological Hazards, Laboratory of Toxicology / Zakład Zagrożeń Chemicznych, Aerozolowych i Biologicznych, Laboratorium Toksykologiczne).
Katarzyna
K
Miranowicz-Dzierżawska
Jagiellonian University / Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Poland (Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemical Toxicology / Collegium Medicum, Wydział Farmaceutyczny, Zakład Biochemii Toksykologicznej).
Bogusława
B
Budziszewska
Jagiellonian University / Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Poland (Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemical Toxicology / Collegium Medicum, Wydział Farmaceutyczny, Zakład Biochemii Toksykologicznej).
Andrzej
A
Starek
D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000633:toxicity*; D006401:Hematologic Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D006403:Hematologic Tests; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012997:Solvents / Q000633:toxicity*
D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D006401:Hematologic Agents; D012997:Solvents; C005219:methyl cellosolve; C017096:n-butoxyethanol; C021296:2-ethoxyethanol
2-butoksyethanol; 2-ethoxyethanol; 2-methoxyethanol; combined exposure; interactions; rats