Functions and regulation of the multitasking FANCM family of DNA motor proteins.
Members of the conserved FANCM family of DNA motor proteins play key roles in genome maintenance processes. FANCM supports genome duplication and repair under different circumstances and also functions in the ATR-mediated DNA damage checkpoint. Some of these roles are shared among lower eukaryotic family members. Human FANCM has been linked to Fanconi anemia, a syndrome characterized by cancer predisposition, developmental disorder, and bone marrow failure. Recent studies on human FANCM and its orthologs from other organisms have provided insights into their biological functions, regulation, and collaboration with other genome maintenance factors. This review summarizes the progress made, with the goal of providing an integrated view of the functions and regulation of these enzymes in humans and model organisms and how they advance our understanding of genome maintenance processes.
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA;
Xiaoyu
X
Xue
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA;
Patrick
P
Sung
Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Xiaolan
X
Zhao
D000818:Animals; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004260:DNA Repair; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000201:enzymology; D005199:Fanconi Anemia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology
C518295:FANCM protein, human; D004265:DNA Helicases
BLM; FANCM; Fml1; MHF; Mph1; crossover control; replication fork regression