Effect of Maillard Conjugates on the Physical Stability of Zein Nanoparticles Prepared by Liquid Antisolvent Coprecipitation.
Protein nanoparticles are often not very stable in a complex food matrix because they are primarily stabilized by electrostatic repulsion. In this study, we envisaged the stabilization of zein nanoparticles through Maillard conjugation reactions with polysaccharides of different molecular mass. Zein nanoparticles (0.5% w/v) containing resveratrol (0.025% w/v grape skin extract) were produced by liquid antisolvent precipitation and coated with Maillard conjugates (MC) of sodium caseinate and different molecular mass carbohydrates during particle production. Zein nanoparticles coated with conjugated polysaccharides of 2.8, 37, and 150 kDa had diameters of 198 ± 5, 176 ± 6, and 180 ± 3 nm, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency (∼83%) was not affected by conjugation, but the conjugates significantly improved particle stability against changes in pH (2.0-9.0), CaCl2 addition (up to 100 mM), and heat treatment (30-90 °C, 30 min). Zein nanoparticles coated by MC may therefore be suitable delivery systems for hydrophobic bioactive molecules in a wide range of commercial products.
Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.|Department of Food Technology, Ænoltec research group, Public University of Navarre , Campus Arrosadia s/n, Pamplona 31006, Spain.
Gabriel
G
Davidov-Pardo
Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.|Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven , Leuven 3000, Belgium.
Iris J
IJ
Joye
Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.|Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia.
Mauricio
M
Espinal-Ruiz
Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.|Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
David Julian
DJ
McClements
D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D003911:Dextrans / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D015028:Zein / Q000737:chemistry*
D002364:Caseins; D003911:Dextrans; D004337:Drug Carriers; D015028:Zein
Maillard; antisolvent precipitation; encapsulation; nanoparticles; resveratrol; zein