Inflammation and Oral Cancer: An Update Review on Targeted Therapies.
In the recent past, numerous inflammation-mediated molecular pathways have been explored and studied as important events in carcinogenesis with respect to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). These pathways are engaged in numerous stages during tumorigenesis; which includes processes, like initiation, promotion, malignant conversion, invasion and metastasis. The inflammation-mediated/related carcinogenesis pathways reported in OSCC involves COX-2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p38a MAP kinase, NF-kB, STAT, RhoC, PPARy, etc. Many researchers are trying to target these pathways to explore more effective therapeutic interventions in OSCC. The aim of the present paper is to briefly discuss these pathways, with special emphasis on the therapeutic utilities. The therapeutic targets for the aforementioned pathways were searched in databases pubmed and scopus with no restriction to date of publication. Articles published in English medical literature on OSCC were selected for discussion. The recent combinations, modifications in dosage and frequency, or the use of new anti-inflammatory compounds, may exemplify the next generation care for OSCC.
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Gargi S
GS
Sarode
Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth Pune, Maharashtra, India, Phone: +919922491465, e-mail: drsachinsarode@gmail.com.
Sachin C
SC
Sarode
EK 2 Emirates building, Muhaisnah 4, United Arab Emirates Dubai.
Anuprita
A
Patil
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Rahul
R
Anand
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Shankar Gouda
SG
Patil
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Roopa S
RS
Rao
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Dominic
D
Augustine
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents
AP-1; Cancer-associated inflammation; Connective tissue growth factor; COX-2; Epidermal growth factor receptor; MAP kinase; NF-κB; Oral cancer; p38α; PPARγ; RhoC; STAT-3