Novel insights into the development of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis patients.
The prognostic impact of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in liver cirrhosis remains controversial among studies, primarily because the risk stratification of PVT is often lacking. A definition of clinically significant PVT should be proposed and actively improved. Moreover, the risk factors for the development of PVT in liver cirrhosis should be fully recognized to screen and identify high-risk patients. Currently, well-recognized risk factors include a reduced portal vein flow velocity, a worse liver function, splenectomy, liver transplantation, and factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations. Novel risk factors include an increased flow volume of portosystemic collateral vessel, thrombopoietin receptor agnonists, and non-selective beta-blockers. In contrast to the traditional perspectives, the abnormalities of procoagulant and anticoagulant factors may not contribute to the development of PVT in liver cirrhosis. Further studies should explore the role of other risk factors, such as antiphospholipid antibodies, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene mutation, hyperhomocysteinemia, and myeloproliferative neoplasms.
a 1 Liver Cirrhosis Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, China.
Xingshun
X
Qi
a 1 Liver Cirrhosis Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, China.
Hongyu
H
Li
a 1 Liver Cirrhosis Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, China.
Xu
X
Liu
a 1 Liver Cirrhosis Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, China.
Hui
H
Yao
b 2 Department of Liver Diseases and Digestive Interventional Radiology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Guohong
G
Han
c 3 Department of Digestive Diseases, No. 2 Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710003, China.
Fengrong
F
Hu
d 4 Department of Gastroenterology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, 110045, China.
Lichun
L
Shao
a 1 Liver Cirrhosis Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, China.
Xiaozhong
X
Guo
D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008102:Liver Circulation; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D010641:Phenotype; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000503:physiopathology; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control
D005819:Genetic Markers
etiology; liver cirrhosis; portal vein thrombosis; prognosis; risk factor