An Up-regulation of IRF-1 After a Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Neuronal Apoptosis.
IRF-1, a kind of transcription factor, is expressed in many cell types, except in early embryonal cells. IRF-1 has played an essential role in various physiological and pathological processes, including tumor immune surveillance, viral infection, development of immunity system and pro-inflammatory injury. However, the expression and function of IRF-1 in spinal cord injury (SCI) are still unknown. In this study, we have performed an acute SCI model in adult rats and investigated the dynamic changes of IRF-1 expression in the spinal cord. Western blot have shown that IRF-1 protein levels gradually increased, reaching a peak at day 3 and then gradually declined to a normal level at day 14 after SCI. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IRF-1 immunoreactivity was found in neurons, but not in astrocytes and microglia. Additionally, colocalization of IRF-1/active caspase-3 was detected in neurons. In vitro, IRF-1 depletion, by short interfering RNA, obviously decreases neuronal apoptosis. In conclusion, this is the first description of IRF-1 expression in spinal cord injury. Our results suggested that IRF-1 might play crucial roles in CNS pathophysiology after SCI.
Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200000, China.
Jian
J
Zhao
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
Chen
C
Chen
Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200000, China.
Jian-Ru
JR
Xiao
Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200000, China.
Hai-Feng
HF
Wei
Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200000, China.
Xu-hui
XH
Zhou
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
Xing-Xing
XX
Mao
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
Wei-dong
WD
Zhang
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
Rong
R
Qian
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
Xin-lei
XL
Chen
Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
Ming-qing
MQ
He
Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Second People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China. njh306@163.com.|Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Second People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China. njh306@163.com.
Xiao-Wei
XW
Yu
Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200000, China. drzhaojian123@163.com.
Jian
J
Zhao
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; C494259:Irf1 protein, rat
Apoptosis; Interferon regulatory factor 1; Neuron; Spinal cord injury