Distinctive roles of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in hyperlipidemic pancreatitis.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate how the saturated and unsaturated fatty acid composition influences the susceptibility of developing acute pancreatitis.


METHODS
Primary pancreatic acinar cells were treated with low and high concentrations of different saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and changes in the cytosolic Ca(2+) signal and the expression of protein kinase C (PKC) were measured after treatment.


RESULTS
Unsaturated fatty acids at high concentrations, including oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and arachidonic acid, induced a persistent rise in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations in acinar cells. Unsaturated fatty acids at low concentrations and saturated fatty acids, including palmitic acid, stearic acid, and triglycerides, at low and high concentrations were unable to induce a rise in Ca(2+) concentrations in acinar cells. Unsaturated fatty acids at high concentrations but not saturated fatty acids induced intra-acinar cell trypsin activation and cell damage and increased PKC expression.


CONCLUSIONS
At sufficiently high concentrations, unsaturated fatty acids were able to induce acinar cells injury and promote the development of pancreatitis. Unsaturated fatty acids may play a distinctive role in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis through the activation of PKC family members.
Yu-Ting Chang, Ming-Chu Chang, Shu-Chen Wei, Jau-Min Wong, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 101, Taiwan.
Yu-Ting
YT
Chang
Yu-Ting Chang, Ming-Chu Chang, Shu-Chen Wei, Jau-Min Wong, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 101, Taiwan.
Ming-Chu
MC
Chang
Yu-Ting Chang, Ming-Chu Chang, Shu-Chen Wei, Jau-Min Wong, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 101, Taiwan.
Chien-Chih
CC
Tung
Yu-Ting Chang, Ming-Chu Chang, Shu-Chen Wei, Jau-Min Wong, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 101, Taiwan.
Shu-Chen
SC
Wei
Yu-Ting Chang, Ming-Chu Chang, Shu-Chen Wei, Jau-Min Wong, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 101, Taiwan.
Jau-Min
JM
Wong
D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D046790:Pancreas, Exocrine / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D014357:Trypsin
Acute pancreatitis; Calcium; Hypertriglyceridemia; Saturated fatty acid; Unsaturated fatty acid