Chimeric porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus containing shuffled multiple envelope genes confers cross-protection in pigs.
The extensive genetic diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains is a major obstacle for vaccine development. We previously demonstrated that chimeric PRRSVs in which a single envelope gene (ORF3, ORF4, ORF5 or ORF6) was shuffled via DNA shuffling had an improved heterologous cross-neutralizing ability. In this study, we incorporate all of the individually-shuffled envelope genes together in different combinations into an infectious clone backbone of PRRSV MLV Fostera(®) PRRS. Five viable progeny chimeric viruses were rescued, and their growth characteristics were characterized in vitro. In a pilot pig study, two chimeric viruses (FV-SPDS-VR2,FV-SPDS-VR5) were found to induce cross-neutralizing antibodies against heterologous strains. A subsequent vaccination/challenge study in 72 pigs revealed that chimeric virus FV-SPDS-VR2 and parental virus conferred partial cross-protection when challenged with heterologous strains NADC20 or MN184B. The results have important implications for future development of an effective PRRSV vaccine that confers heterologous protection.
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Debin
D
Tian
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Yan-Yan
YY
Ni
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Lei
L
Zhou
The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.
Tanja
T
Opriessnig
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Dianjun
D
Cao
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 5001, USA.
Pablo
P
Piñeyro
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Danielle M
DM
Yugo
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Christopher
C
Overend
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Qian
Q
Cao
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
C
C
Lynn Heffron
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 5001, USA.
Patrick G
PG
Halbur
Zoetis Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
Douglas S
DS
Pearce
Zoetis Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
Jay G
JG
Calvert
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Electronic address: xjmeng@vt.edu.
Xiang-Jin
XJ
Meng
D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D056738:Cross Protection / Q000276:immunology*; D023061:Gene Order; D016679:Genome, Viral; D007114:Immunization; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D016865:Reassortant Viruses; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013552:Swine; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication
D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins
Cross-protection; DNA shuffling; Envelope genes; Heterologous strains; Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV); Vaccines