N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Inflammation in Obesity: Local Effect and Systemic Benefit.
Overwhelming consensus emerges among countless evidences that obesity is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation in the adipose tissue (AT), which subsequently develops into a systemic inflammatory state contributing to obesity-associated diseases. N-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), known as important modulators participating in inflammatory process, turn out to be an effective mitigating strategy dealing with local and systemic inflammation observed in obesity. Some of the effects of n-3 PUFA are brought about by regulation of gene expression through interacting with nuclear receptors and transcription factors; other effects are elicited by modulation of the amount and type of mediator derived from PUFAs. The metabolic effects of n-3 PUFA mainly result from their interactions with several organ systems, not limited to AT. Notably, the attenuation of inflammation in hard-hit AT, in turn, contributes to reducing circulating concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and detrimental metabolic derivatives, which is beneficial for the function of other involved organs. The present review highlights a bridging mechanism between n-3 PUFA-mediated inflammation relief in AT and systemic benefits.
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Yue
Y
Wang
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Feiruo
F
Huang
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3