miRNAs and SAMHD1 regulation in vitro and in a model of HIV CNS disease.
Pilakka-Kanthikeel et al. recently reported higher levels of the retroviral restriction factor sterile alpha motif and histidine/aspartic acid domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) in astrocytes than in microglia, suggesting that SAMHD1 levels might explain in part the relatively refractory nature of astrocytes to retroviral replication. These findings are consistent with our studies of simian and human immunodeficiency virus infection of astrocytes and macrophages. Similarly, a role for two host microRNAs in post-transcriptional regulation of SAMHD1 agrees with our in vitro results and those of others. However, data from an animal model of HIV neurologic disorders may not be consistent with robust miRNA-mediated regulation of SAMHD1 in vivo.
Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, BRB Suite 831, Baltimore, MD, 21025, USA. kwitwer1@jhmi.edu.
Kenneth W
KW
Witwer
Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, BRB Suite 831, Baltimore, MD, 21025, USA. Erin_Buchanan@nymc.edu.
Erin L
EL
Buchanan
Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, BRB Suite 831, Baltimore, MD, 21025, USA. SLMyers@cvm.tamu.edu.
Stephanie L
SL
Myers
Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, BRB Suite 831, Baltimore, MD, 21025, USA. mmcalexander14@gmail.com.
Melissa A
MA
McAlexander
D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
D035683:MicroRNAs; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins