Immunosuppression associated with chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment.
Chronic inflammation contributes to cancer development via multiple mechanisms. One potential mechanism is that chronic inflammation can generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment that allows advantages for tumor formation and progression. The immunosuppressive environment in certain chronic inflammatory diseases and solid cancers is characterized by accumulation of proinflammatory mediators, infiltration of immune suppressor cells and activation of immune checkpoint pathways in effector T cells. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of how immunosuppression contributes to cancer and how proinflammatory mediators induce the immunosuppressive microenvironment via induction of immunosuppressive cells and activation of immune checkpoint pathways.
Laboratory for Inflammation and Cancer, The Biodesign Institute and.
Dingzhi
D
Wang
Laboratory for Inflammation and Cancer, The Biodesign Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, PO Box 875001, 1001 S. McAllister Ave., Tempe, AZ 85287, USA and Department of Research and Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA duboisrn@asu.edu.
Raymond N
RN
DuBois
D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology*