The Effect of Changing Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations on Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Analysis of Participants of a Preventive Health Program.
Several studies have shown that a poor vitamin D status may increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome, which leaves the question whether improving one's vitamin D status may reduce the risk for the syndrome. Here we investigate the effect of temporal changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations on metabolic syndrome among Canadians enrolled in a preventive health program that promotes vitamin D supplementation. We accessed and analyzed data of 6682 volunteer participants with repeated observations on serum 25(OH)D concentrations and metabolic syndrome. We applied logistic regression to quantify the independent contribution of baseline serum 25(OH)D and temporal increases in serum 25(OH)D to the development of metabolic syndrome. In the first year in the program, participants, on average, increased their serum 25(OH)D concentrations by 37 nmol/L. We observed a statistical significant inverse relationship of increases in serum 25(OH)D with risk for metabolic syndrome. Relative to those without improvements, those who improved their serum 25(OH)D concentrations with less 25 nmol/L, 25 to 50 nmol/L, 50 to 75 nmol/L, and more 75 nmol/L had respectively 0.76, 0.64, 0.59, 0.56 times the risk for metabolic syndrome at follow up. These estimates were independent of the effect of baseline serum 25(OH)D concentrations on metabolic syndrome. Improvement of vitamin D status may help reduce the public health burden of metabolic syndrome, and potential subsequent health conditions including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta 3-50 University Terrace, 8303-112 street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4, Canada. TruongMinh.Pham@ualberta.ca.
Truong-Minh
TM
Pham
Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta 3-50 University Terrace, 8303-112 street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4, Canada. ekwaru@ualberta.ca.
John Paul
JP
Ekwaru
Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta 3-50 University Terrace, 8303-112 street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4, Canada. zohreh@ualberta.ca.
Solmaz
S
Setayeshgar
Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta 3-50 University Terrace, 8303-112 street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4, Canada. Paul.Veugelers@ualberta.ca.
Paul J
PJ
Veugelers
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000416:Alberta / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology
D015415:Biomarkers; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
longitudinal study; metabolic syndrome; serum 25(OH)D; vitamin D; vitamin D supplementation