Intravitreal Steroids for the Prevention of PVR After Surgery for Retinal Detachment.
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) can occur in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) or after RRD surgery, and it is the most common cause of failure of this surgery, accounting for about 75% of all primary failures. Complex biological pathways induce PVR development, with growth factors and cytokines from the vitreous and from the serum (as a result of the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier) stimulating RPE and Muller cells transformation and proliferation, and membrane formation and contraction. Identification of pre-operative risk factors, recognition of the early signs of PVR, use of adequate surgical techniques and of pharmacological therapy can reduce the PRV incidence. Steroids can influence the inflammatory and proliferative components of PVR, by reducing the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier, and the proliferation of Müller cell and of RPE cells. Some new formulation of intravitreal steroids are promising tool for the prevention of the PVR formation in eyes treated by vitreoretinal surgery.
Eye Clinic, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania, Italy. caterinagagliano@nestweb.it.
Caterina
C
Gagliano
Mario D
MD
Toro
Teresio
T
Avitabile
Santo
S
Stella
Maurizio G
MG
Uva
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D003907:Dexamethasone; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide