Culture and properties of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: characteristics in vitro and immunosuppression in vivo.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the two sources of adipose and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs and AMSCs) in immune regulation and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of AMSCs on Con A induced hepatitis and the possible mechanism involved in it.


METHODS
We isolated bone marrow and adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells respectively and compared their differences on T lymphocyte activation, proliferation and suppression. We also test the anti-apoptosis ability of AMSCs on LO2 cell line. The effects of intravenous infusion of AMSCs on liver damage were also tested and we detected donor AMSCs in liver of recipient and their effects on the activity of intrahepatic NKT cells.


RESULTS
BMSCs and AMSCs were similar in cell phenotype and the difference existed only in the expression of CD106. The results showed that the capacity of suppressing T cells proliferation and activation was weakened in AMSCs. AMSCs ameliorated liver damage and this effect was time and dose dependent. We detected donor AMSCs in liver of recipient which suggested tissue damage could be a clue for AMSCs migration. We also found AMSCs suppress the activity of intrahepatic NKT cells, but this suppress effects was not restricted in liver only, but the whole body.


CONCLUSIONS
Cell origin and abundance are decisive factors in stem cells applications and with the same premise of AMSCs and BMSCs, adipose tissue is a more promising origin source of stem cells. The immunoregulatory features of MSCs might play an important role in various MSCs cellular therapies.
Department of Orthopedics of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052, China.
Fujiang
F
Cao
Department of Orthopedics of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052, China.
Tao
T
Liu
Department of Orthopedics of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052, China.
Yunqiang
Y
Xu
Department of Orthopedics of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052, China.
Dongdong
D
Xu
Department of Orthopedics of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052, China.
Shiqing
S
Feng
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010641:Phenotype
Immune regulation; adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs); bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs); cellular therapy; hepatitis; immunoregulatory; natural killer T cells (NKT)