[Influence of trigeminal nerve lesion on facial growth: study of two cases of Goldenhar syndrome].
BACKGROUND
This cases report confirms the hypothesis that embryonic and maxillofacial growth are influenced by the peripheral nervous system, including the trigeminal nerve (V). So, it's interesting to use the stigma of the trigeminal nerve as landmarks to analyze the maxillofacial volume and understand its growth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity of the three-dimensional cephalometric analysis of Treil based on trigeminal landmarks.


METHODS
The first case is a caucasian female child with Goldenhar syndrome. The second case is a caucasian male adult affected by the same syndrome. In both cases, brain MRI showed an unilateral trigeminal nerve lesion, ipsilateral to the facial dysmorphia.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this radiological study tend to prove the primary role of the trigeminal nerve in craniofacial growth. These cases demonstrate the validity of the theory of Moss. They are one of anatomo-functional justifications of the three-dimensional cephalometric biometry of Treil based on trigeminal nerve landmarks.
Département d'Orthopédie Dento-Faciale, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 chemin des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Pierre
P
Darris
Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Moléculaire et d'Imagerie de Synthèse, 37 allées Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse, France.
Jacques
J
Treil
Département d'Orthopédie Dento-Faciale, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 chemin des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Christine
C
Marchal-Sixou
Département d'Orthopédie Dento-Faciale, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 chemin des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse, France - Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Moléculaire et d'Imagerie de Synthèse, 37 allées Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse, France.
Pascal
P
Baron
D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005150:Facial Hemiatrophy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006053:Goldenhar Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000209:etiology; D008334:Mandible / Q000002:abnormalities; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010579:Petrous Bone / Q000002:abnormalities; D020433:Trigeminal Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014278:Trigeminal Nuclei / Q000473:pathology; D015050:Zygoma / Q000002:abnormalities