Are homeschooled adolescents less likely to use alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs?
BACKGROUND
Nearly two million school-aged children in US are currently homeschooled. This study seeks to examine homeschooled adolescents' attitudes toward, access to, and use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs (ATOD) compared to their non-homeschooled peers.


METHODS
The study uses data between 2002 and 2013 from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) for school-attending respondents aged 12-17 (n=200,824). Participants were questioned regarding peer use of licit and illicit substances, ease of accessing illicit substances, and past 12-month substance use. Survey adjusted binary logistic regression analyses were systematically executed to compare non-homeschooled adolescents with homeschooled adolescents with respect to views toward, access to, and use of substances.


RESULTS
Findings indicate that homeschooled adolescents were significantly more likely to strongly disapprove of their peers drinking (AOR=1.23) and trying (AOR=1.47) and routinely using (AOR=1.59) marijuana. Homeschooled adolescents were significantly less likely to report using tobacco (AOR=0.76), alcohol (AOR=0.50), cannabis (AOR=0.56) and other illicit drugs and to be diagnosed with an alcohol (AOR=0.65) or marijuana (AOR=0.60) use disorder. Finally, homeschooled adolescents were also less likely to report easier access to illicit drugs and to be approached by someone trying to sell drugs compared to non-homeschooled peers.


CONCLUSIONS
Homeschooled adolescents' views, access, use and abuse of ATOD are uniquely different from those of non-homeschooled adolescents. Findings point to the need to more extensively examine the underlying mechanisms that may account for these differences.
School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3550 Lindell Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63103, United States. Electronic address: mvaughn9@slu.edu.
Michael G
MG
Vaughn
School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Blvd D3500, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
Christopher P
CP
Salas-Wright
School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3550 Lindell Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63103, United States.
Kristen P
KP
Kremer
School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3550 Lindell Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63103, United States.
Brandy R
BR
Maynard
Meadows Center for Preventing Educational Risk, University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway D4900, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
Greg
G
Roberts
Meadows Center for Preventing Educational Risk, University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway D4900, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
Sharon
S
Vaughn
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D004493:Education / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
Adolescents; Alcohol; Homeschool; Illicit drugs; Marijuana; Substance use; Substance use disorders; Tobacco