Interaction between HCMV infection and PAX9 gene polymorphisms in low birth weight infants.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the interaction between human cytomegalovirus infection and PAX9 gene polymorphisms in low birth weight (LBW) infants.


METHODS
Nested-PCR was used to detect human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR (RFLP-PCR) was then used to detect polymorphisms at rs2073244 and rs4904210 on the PAX9 gene in 65 HCMV-positive infant cases and 65 HCMV-negative infant controls. Cases and controls were compared for differences in the rates of LBW using the χ(2) test. Genetic and environmental interactions were assessed by comparing rates of LBW between the cases and controls in stratified analyses and logistic regressions.


RESULTS
The study confirmed that HCMV infection is significantly associated with LBW (OR = 5.519, χ(2) = 20.924, p < 0.05) and suggested that some PAX9 polymorphisms may promote the induction of LBW by HCMV infection. The AG and GG genotypes at rs2073244 and the CC genotype at rs4904210, with interaction coefficients greater than unity suggest that they may strengthen the association between HCMV infection and LBW.


CONCLUSIONS
Congenital HCMV infection can cause LBW and some PAX9 polymorphisms can increase the risk of LBW in HCMV-infected infants. The results may provide new clues into the relationship among HCMV infection, PAX9 polymorphisms and LBW as well as a foundation for additional molecular epidemiological and biochemical research in the future.
a Center for Reproductive Health and Birth Defects, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , PR China .
Ning
N
Cheng
b Department of Environmental Health Sciences , School of Public Health, Yale University , New Haven , CT , USA , and.|c Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , PR China.
Dennis
D
Wang
a Center for Reproductive Health and Birth Defects, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , PR China .
Zhihui
Z
Zhou
c Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , PR China.
Zhiyuan
Z
Cheng
a Center for Reproductive Health and Birth Defects, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , PR China .
Li
L
Dong
c Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , PR China.
Rongqiang
R
Zhang
b Department of Environmental Health Sciences , School of Public Health, Yale University , New Haven , CT , USA , and.
Yawei
Y
Zhang
b Department of Environmental Health Sciences , School of Public Health, Yale University , New Haven , CT , USA , and.
Tongzhang
T
Zheng
a Center for Reproductive Health and Birth Defects, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , PR China .|c Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , PR China.
Yana
Y
Bai
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D051764:PAX9 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
D051764:PAX9 Transcription Factor; C497323:PAX9 protein, human
HCMV; PAX9; PCR-RFLP; interaction; low birth weight; molecular epidemiology; nested-PCR