Pexophagy and peroxisomal protein turnover in plants.
Peroxisomes are dynamic, vital organelles that sequester a variety of oxidative reactions and their toxic byproducts from the remainder of the cell. The oxidative nature of peroxisomal metabolism predisposes the organelle to self-inflicted damage, highlighting the need for a mechanism to dispose of damaged peroxisomes. In addition, the metabolic requirements of plant peroxisomes change during development, and obsolete peroxisomal proteins are degraded. Although pexophagy, the selective autophagy of peroxisomes, is an obvious mechanism for executing such degradation, pexophagy has only recently been described in plants. Several recent studies in the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana implicate pexophagy in the turnover of peroxisomal proteins, both for quality control and during functional transitions of peroxisomal content. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the occurrence, roles, and mechanisms of pexophagy in plants.
Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA. Electronic address: pgy1@rice.edu.
Pierce G
PG
Young
Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA. Electronic address: bartel@rice.edu.
Bonnie
B
Bartel
D049069:ATP-Dependent Proteases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000235:genetics*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000074437:Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor; D000074435:Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059748:Proteolysis; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D054875:Ubiquitination
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C000590561:PEX5 protein, Arabidopsis; D000074437:Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor; D000074435:Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D049069:ATP-Dependent Proteases; C000595960:LON2 protein, Arabidopsis
Autophagy; LON protease; Organelle quality control; Peroxisome; Pexophagy; Protein degradation