Heterologous Reconstitution of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Arabidopsis.
Reconstitution of nonnative, very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (VLC-PUFA) biosynthetic pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana was undertaken. The introduction of three primary biosynthetic activities to cells requires the stable coexpression of multiple proteins within the same cell. Herein, we report that C22 VLC-PUFAs were synthesized from C18 precursors by reactions catalyzed by Δ(6)-desaturase, an ELOVL5-like enzyme involved in VLC-PUFA elongation, and Δ(5)-desaturase. Coexpression of the corresponding genes (McD6DES, AsELOVL5, and PtD5DES) under the control of the seed-specific vicilin promoter resulted in production of docosapentaenoic acid (22:5 n-3) and docosatetraenoic acid (22:4 n-6) as well as eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) and arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) in Arabidopsis seeds. The contributions of the transgenic enzymes and endogenous fatty acid metabolism were determined. Specifically, the reasonable synthesis of omega-3 stearidonic acid (18:4 n-3) could be a useful tool to obtain a sustainable system for the production of omega-3 fatty acids in seeds of a transgenic T3 line 63-1. The results indicated that coexpression of the three proteins was stable. Therefore, this study suggests that metabolic engineering of oilseed crops to produce VLC-PUFAs is feasible.
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370 Nongsaengnyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 560-500, Republic of Korea.
Sun Hee
SH
Kim
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370 Nongsaengnyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 560-500, Republic of Korea.
Kyung Hee
KH
Roh
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370 Nongsaengnyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 560-500, Republic of Korea.
Jong-Sug
JS
Park
National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Seodun-dong, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea.
Kwang-Soo
KS
Kim
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370 Nongsaengnyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 560-500, Republic of Korea.
Hyun Uk
HU
Kim
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370 Nongsaengnyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 560-500, Republic of Korea.
Kyeong-Ryeol
KR
Lee
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370 Nongsaengnyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 560-500, Republic of Korea.
Han-Chul
HC
Kang
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370 Nongsaengnyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 560-500, Republic of Korea.
Jong-Bum
JB
Kim
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000235:genetics*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D060847:Metabolic Engineering; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C026219:docosapentaenoic acid; C062895:stearidonic acid