Effects of ZnO Nanoparticles on Dimethoate-Induced Toxicity in Mice.
The extensive applications of ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO) and dimethoate have increased the risk of people's coexposure to nano ZnO and dimethoate. Therefore, we evaluated in this study the effects of nano or bulk ZnO on dimethoate-induced toxicity in mice. The serum biochemical parameters, biodistributions, oxidative stress responses, and histopathological changes in mice were measured after intragastric administration of nano or bulk ZnO and/or dimethoate for 14 days. Oral administration of nano or bulk ZnO at a dose of 50 mg/kg did not cause obvious injury in mice. In contrast, oral administration of dimethoate at a dose of 15 mg/kg induced observable oxidative damage in mice. Co-administration of nano or bulk ZnO with dimethoate significantly increased Zn accumulation by 30.7 ± 1.7% or 29.7 ± 2.4% and dimethoate accumulation by 42.8 ± 2.1% or 46.6 ± 2.9% in the liver, respectively. The increased accumulations of dimethoate and Zn in the liver reduced its cholinesterase activity from 5.64 ± 0.45 U/mg protein to 4.67 ± 0.42 U/mg protein or 4.76 ± 0.45 U/mg protein for nano or bulk ZnO, respectively. Furthermore, the accumulations of dimethoate and Zn in liver also increased hepatic oxidative stress, resulting in severe liver damage. Both nano and bulk ZnO dissolved quickly in acidic gastric fluid, regardless of particle size; therefore, they had nearly identical enhanced effects on dimethoate-induced toxicity in mice.
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
Xincheng
X
Yan
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
Rui
R
Rong
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
Shanshan
S
Zhu
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
Mingchun
M
Guo
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
Shang
S
Gao
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
Shasha
S
Wang
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
Xiaolong
X
Xu
D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D004117:Dimethoate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000737:chemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010316:Particle Size; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry
D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D002802:Cholinesterases; D015032:Zinc; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D004117:Dimethoate
ZnO nanoparticles; combined toxicity; dimethoate; oxidative stress