On the Estimation of Heritability with Family-Based and Population-Based Samples.
For a family-based sample, the phenotypic variance-covariance matrix can be parameterized to include the variance of a polygenic effect that has then been estimated using a variance component analysis. However, with the advent of large-scale genomic data, the genetic relationship matrix (GRM) can be estimated and can be utilized to parameterize the variance of a polygenic effect for population-based samples. Therefore narrow sense heritability, which is both population and trait specific, can be estimated with both population- and family-based samples. In this study we estimate heritability from both family-based and population-based samples, collected in Korea, and the heritability estimates from the pooled samples were, for height, 0.60; body mass index (BMI), 0.32; log-transformed triglycerides (log TG), 0.24; total cholesterol (TCHL), 0.30; high-density lipoprotein (HDL), 0.38; low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 0.29; systolic blood pressure (SBP), 0.23; and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 0.24. Furthermore, we found differences in how heritability is estimated--in particular the amount of variance attributable to common environment in twins can be substantial--which indicates heritability estimates should be interpreted with caution.
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea ; Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.
Youngdoe
Y
Kim
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Young
Y
Lee
Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
Sungyoung
S
Lee
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Nam Hee
NH
Kim
Chunlab Inc., Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
Jeongmin
J
Lim
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Young Jin
YJ
Kim
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Ji Hee
JH
Oh
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Haesook
H
Min
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Meehee
M
Lee
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Hyeon-Jeong
HJ
Seo
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
So-Hyun
SH
Lee
Department of Epidemiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
Joohon
J
Sung
Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-380, Republic of Korea.
Nam H
NH
Cho
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Bong-Jo
BJ
Kim
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Bok-Ghee
BG
Han
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7281, USA.
Robert C
RC
Elston
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
Sungho
S
Won
The Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, KCDC, Osong 361-951, Republic of Korea.
Juyoung
J
Lee
D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics*; D001827:Body Height / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D019655:Quantitative Trait, Heritable; D012044:Regression Analysis; D056910:Republic of Korea; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic / Q000235:genetics; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol