Short-term exposure to fine and coarse particles and mortality: A multicity time-series study in East Asia.
Few studies on size-specific health effects of particulate matter have been conducted in Asia. We examined the association between both fine and coarse particles (PM2.5 and PM10-2.5) and mortality across 11 East Asian cities from 4 countries (Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and China). We performed a two-stage analysis: we generated city-specific estimates using a time-series analysis with a generalized additive model (Quasi-Poisson distribution), and estimated the overall effects by conducting a meta-analysis. Each 10-μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 (lag01) was associated with an increase of 0.38% (95% confidence interval = 0.21%-0.55%) in all causes mortality, 0.96% (0.46%-1.46%) in cardiovascular mortality, and 1% (0.23%-1.78%) in respiratory mortality. Each 10-μg/m(3) increase in PM10-2.5 (lag01) was associated with cardiovascular mortality (0.69%, [0.05%-1.33%]), although this association attenuated after controlling for other pollutants, especially PM2.5. Increased mortality was associated with increasing PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 concentrations over 11 East Asian cities.
Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, South Korea.
Hyewon
H
Lee
Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
Yasushi
Y
Honda
Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Japan.
Masahiro
M
Hashizume
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
Yue Leon
YL
Guo
Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chang-Fu
CF
Wu
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Haidong
H
Kan
Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, South Korea.
Kweon
K
Jung
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University of Medical Research Center, South Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Youn-Hee
YH
Lim
Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, South Korea; Asian Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability, Seoul National University, South Korea.
Seungmuk
S
Yi
Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, South Korea; Asian Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability, Seoul National University, South Korea. Electronic address: hokim@snu.ac.kr.
Ho
H
Kim
D000368:Aged; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D002947:Cities / Q000453:epidemiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D005202:Asia, Eastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009026:Mortality; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D016012:Poisson Distribution
D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
Air pollution; Coarse particles; Fine particles; Mortality; Particulate matter