Development of operational immunologic tolerance with neonatal gene transfer in nonhuman primates: preliminary studies.
Achieving persistent expression is a prerequisite for effective genetic therapies for inherited disorders. These proof-of-concept studies focused on adeno-associated virus (AAV) administration to newborn monkeys. Serotype rh10 AAV expressing ovalbumin and green fluorescent protein (GFP) was administered intravenously at birth and compared with vehicle controls. At 4 months postnatal age, a second injection was administered intramuscularly, followed by vaccination at 1 year of age with ovalbumin and GFP. Ovalbumin was highest 2 weeks post administration in the treated monkey, which declined but remained detectable thereafter; controls demonstrated no expression. Long-term AAV genome copies were present in myocytes. At 4 weeks, neutralizing antibodies to rh10 were present in the experimental animal only. With AAV9 administration at 4 months, controls showed transient ovalbumin expression that disappeared with the development of strong anti-ovalbumin and anti-GFP antibodies. In contrast, increased and maintained ovalbumin expression was noted in the monkey administered AAV at birth, without antibody development. After vaccination, the experimental monkey maintained levels of ovalbumin without antibodies, whereas controls demonstrated high levels of antibodies. These preliminary studies suggest that newborn AAV administration expressing secreted and intracellular xenogenic proteins may result in persistent expression in muscle, and subsequent vector administration can result in augmented expression without humoral immune responses.
Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Tai
Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hu
California National Primate Research Center and Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Lee
California National Primate Research Center and Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Martinez
Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Cantero
Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Kim
California National Primate Research Center and Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Tarantal
Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Lipshutz
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000276:immunology; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D010865:Pilot Projects
D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D010047:Ovalbumin