The Effect of a 12-Week Omega-3 Supplementation on Body Composition, Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Elderly Individuals with Decreased Muscle Mass.
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (PUFA) supplementation on the parameters of body composition, muscle strength and physical performance in elderly people with decreased muscle mass (DMM). Fifty three elderly people with an ALM index (the ratio of appendicular lean mass to squared height) either below (-2SD: low muscle mass-LMM) or between (-1SD and -2SD: the risk of LMM-rLMM) the ALM index for the young Polish reference population were randomly assigned to PUFA-treated groups (LMM-PUFA, rLMM-PUFA) or control groups (LMM-control, rLMM-control). PUFA-treated groups received capsules containing 1.3 g of PUFA and 10 mg of vitamin E, while the control groups received 11 mg of vitamin E daily for 12 weeks. Body composition (BIA analysis), muscle strength (hand grip measured with dynamometer) and physical performance (Timed Up and Go test-TUG) were assessed before and after supplementation. No statistically significant differences were observed either in muscle mass or in the hand grip and TUG in any group. The post-pre difference (mean ± SD) in ALM index was as follows (kg/m²): LMM-PUFA: 0.00 ± 0.30, rLMM-PUFA: 0.00 ± 0.22, LMM-control: 0.03 ± 0.36, rLMM-control: -0.03 ± 0.20. In our study, a 12 week supplementation of PUFA did not affect the evaluated parameters in elderly individuals with DMM.
Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 61-245, Poland. romakrzyminska@interia.pl.
Roma
R
Krzymińska-Siemaszko
Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-806, Poland. czepulis@ump.edu.pl.
Natasza
N
Czepulis
Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan 60-624, Poland. dietetyk.martalewandowicz@gmail.com.
Marta
M
Lewandowicz
Department of Geriatric and Gerontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-781, Poland. ezasad@ump.edu.pl.
Ewa
E
Zasadzka
Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-572, Poland. asuwalska@gmail.com.
Aleksandra
A
Suwalska
Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-806, Poland. jwitow@ump.edu.pl.
Janusz
J
Witowski
Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 61-245, Poland. kwt@tobis.pl.
Katarzyna
K
Wieczorowska-Tobis
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D011044:Poland; D013997:Time Factors
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3
aging; intervention; omega-3; sarcopenia