Intratumoral CD3+ T-lymphocytes immunoexpression and its association with c-Kit, angiogenesis, and overall survival in malignant canine mammary tumors.
In this study 80 malignant CMT were submitted to immunohistochemical detection of CD3, c-kit, VEGF, and CD31, together with clinicopathological parameters of tumor aggressiveness. CD3+ T-cells and c-kit overexpression revealed a positive correlation with VEGF (r = 0.503, P < 0.0001; r = 0.284, P = 0.023 for CD3 and c-kit, resp.) and CD31 (r = 0.654, P < 0.0001; r = 0.365, P = 0.003 for CD3 and c-kit, resp.). A significant association (P = 0.039) and a positive correlation (r = 0.263, P = 0.039) between CD3 and c-kit were also observed. High CD3/VEGF, c-kit/VEGF, and CD3/c-kit tumors were associated with elevated grade of malignancy (P < 0.0001 for all groups), presence of intravascular emboli (P < 0.0001 for CD3/VEGF and CD3/c-kit; P = 0.002 for c-kit/VEGF), and presence of lymph node metastasis (P < 0.0001 for all groups). Tumors with high CD3/VEGF (P = 0.006), c-kit/VEGF (P < 0.0001), and CD3/c-kit (P = 0.002) were associated with poor prognosis. Interestingly high c-kit/VEGF tumors retained their significance by multivariate analysis arising as independent prognostic factor.
CECAV, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal ; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Maria Isabel
MI
Carvalho
CECAV, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal ; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Isabel
I
Pires
School of Life Sciences and the Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Marlene
M
Dias
CECAV, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal ; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Justina
J
Prada
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal ; Centro Hospitalar Veterinário, Rua Manuel Pinto de Azevedo 118, 4100-320 Porto, Portugal.
Hugo
H
Gregório
Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Travessa Silva Porto 174, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal ; Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal ; Center for the Study of Animal Sciences, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
Luis
L
Lobo
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal ; Center for the Study of Animal Sciences, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal ; Center for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Felisbina
F
Queiroga
D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000276:immunology*; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017252:CD3 Complex; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit