Prognosis Relevance of Serum Cytokines in Pancreatic Cancer.
The overall survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is extremely low. Although gemcitabine is the standard used chemotherapy for this disease, clinical outcomes do not reflect significant improvements, not even when combined with adjuvant treatments. There is an urgent need for prognosis markers to be found. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential value of serum cytokines to find a profile that can predict the clinical outcome in patients with pancreatic cancer and to establish a practical prognosis index that significantly predicts patients' outcomes. We have conducted an extensive analysis of serum prognosis biomarkers using an antibody array comprising 507 human cytokines. Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox's proportional hazard models were used to analyze prognosis factors. To determine the extent that survival could be predicted based on this index, we used the leave-one-out cross-validation model. The multivariate model showed a better performance and it could represent a novel panel of serum cytokines that correlates to poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. B7-1/CD80, EG-VEGF/PK1, IL-29, NRG1-beta1/HRG1-beta1, and PD-ECGF expressions portend a poor prognosis for patients with pancreatic cancer and these cytokines could represent novel therapeutic targets for this disease.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Carolina
C
Torres
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Ana
A
Linares
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Maria José
MJ
Alejandre
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Rogelio J
RJ
Palomino-Morales
Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
Octavio
O
Caba
Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain.
Jose
J
Prados
Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain.
Antonia
A
Aránega
Oncology Service, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain.
Juan R
JR
Delgado
Oncology Service, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain.
Antonio
A
Irigoyen
Oncology Service, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain.
Joaquina
J
Martínez-Galán
Department of Computer Architecture and Computer Technology (CITIC-UGR), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Francisco M
FM
Ortuño
Department of Computer Architecture and Computer Technology (CITIC-UGR), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Ignacio
I
Rojas
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Sonia
S
Perales
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D015996:Survival Rate
D016207:Cytokines