Metabolic Profiling and Enzyme Analyses Indicate a Potential Role of Antioxidant Systems in Complementing Glyphosate Resistance in an Amaranthus palmeri Biotype.
Metabolomics and biochemical assays were employed to identify physiological perturbations induced by a commercial formulation of glyphosate in susceptible (S) and resistant (R) biotypes of Amaranthus palmeri. At 8 h after treatment (HAT), compared to the respective water-treated control, cellular metabolism of both biotypes were similarly perturbed by glyphosate, resulting in abundance of most metabolites including shikimic acid, amino acids, organic acids and sugars. However, by 80 HAT the metabolite pool of glyphosate-treated R-biotype was similar to that of the control S- and R-biotypes, indicating a potential physiological recovery. Furthermore, the glyphosate-treated R-biotype had lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage, higher ROS scavenging activity, and higher levels of potential antioxidant compounds derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. Thus, metabolomics, in conjunction with biochemical assays, indicate that glyphosate-induced metabolic perturbations are not limited to the shikimate pathway, and the oxidant quenching efficiency could potentially complement the glyphosate resistance in this R-biotype.
Amith S
AS
Maroli
Crop Production Systems Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture , Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, United States.
Vijay K
VK
Nandula
Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture , University, Mississippi 38677, United States.
Franck E
FE
Dayan
Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture , University, Mississippi 38677, United States.
Stephen O
SO
Duke
Patrick
P
Gerard
Nishanth
N
Tharayil
D027721:Amaranthus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053209:Herbicide Resistance; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology; D055432:Metabolomics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012765:Shikimic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000097797:Glyphosate
D000596:Amino Acids; D000975:Antioxidants; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012765:Shikimic Acid; D000097797:Glyphosate
Amaranthus palmeri; antioxidant enzymes; caffeoylquinic acid; feruloylquinic acid; herbicide resistance; nontargeted metabolomics; reactive oxygen species (ROS)