Deacetylation affects the physical properties and bioactivity of acemannan, an extracted polysaccharide from Aloe vera.
Acemannan, an acetylated polymannose from Aloe vera, induces tissue repair. We investigated the role of acemannan's acetyl-groups on its physical and biological properties. Deacetylated acemannan (DeAcAM) was prepared and characterized. The physical properties and microscopic structure of DeAcAM were evaluated using water solubility, contact angle, X-ray diffraction, and scanning-electron microscopy. The activity of DeAcAM on cell proliferation and gene expression were assessed. Acemannan and DeAcAM structures were simulated and the acemannan tetramer diad and its completely deacetylated structure were also determined. Increased acemannan deacetylation reduced its water solubility and hydrophilicity. Complete deacetylation altered acemannan's conformation to a partial crystal structure. The bioactivity of acemannan was reduced corresponding to its deacetylation. Acemannan induced cell proliferation, and VEGF and Collagen I expression; however, 100% DeAcAM did not. The simulated structures of the acemannan diad and the completely deacetylated diad were different. We conclude acetyl-groups affect acemannan's structure and physical/biological properties.
Dental Biomaterials Science Program, Graduate School, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address: nongjaroen2525@gmail.com.
Jaroenporn
J
Chokboribal
Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address: wanpen.ta@chula.ac.th.
Wanpen
W
Tachaboonyakiat
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address: spolkit@chula.ac.th.
Polkit
P
Sangvanich
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address: vithaya.r@chula.ac.th.
Vithaya
V
Ruangpornvisuti
Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand. Electronic address: suwimon_pj@hotmail.com.
Suwimon
S
Jettanacheawchankit
Research Unit of Herbal Medicine, Biomaterial and Material for Dental Treatment, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address: pasutha.T@chula.ac.th.
Pasutha
P
Thunyakitpisal
D000107:Acetylation; D000504:Aloe / Q000737:chemistry*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008351:Mannans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D055585:Physical Phenomena; D012995:Solubility; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D024042:Collagen Type I; D008351:Mannans; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014867:Water; C058414:acemannan
Acemannan; Aloe vera; Bioactivity; Deacetylation; Semi-empirical AM1 method