Magnesium Status in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.
The interest in poor magnesium (Mg) status as risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing due to its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. A systematic PubMed literature search of studies investigating Mg status was undertaken comparing AD to healthy controls (HCs) or patients with medical illness (medical controls [MCs]). Standardized mean differences (SMDs) ± 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for all outcomes. Of 192 potentially eligible studies, 13 were included (559 patients with AD, 381 HCs, and 126 MCs). Compared to HCs, patients with AD had significantly lower Mg in cerebrospinal fluid (2 studies; SMD = -0.35;P= .02) and in hair (2 studies; SMD = -0.75;P= .0001). No differences between AD and controls were evident for serum Mg. In conclusion, AD seems to be associated with a lower Mg status when compared to HCs, while the scarcity of studies limited the findings about MCs.
Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy ilmannato@gmail.com.
Nicola
N
Veronese
Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
Anna
A
Zurlo
Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Marco
M
Solmi
Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Claudio
C
Luchini
Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
Caterina
C
Trevisan
Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
Giulia
G
Bano
Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.
Enzo
E
Manzato
Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Sergi
BioFact Environmental Health Research Center, Lerum, Sweden.
Ragnar
R
Rylander
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*
D008274:Magnesium
Alzheimer’s disease; aging; dementia; healthy controls; magnesium