Hunger and satiety responses to high-fat meals of varying fatty acid composition in women with obesity.
OBJECTIVE
Determine subjective and physiological appetite responses and ad libitum intake to high-fat (HF) meals rich in either monounsaturated (MUFAs), polyunsaturated (PUFAs), or saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in women with obesity.


METHODS
In this single-blind crossover study, three HF meals (70% of energy) rich in MUFAs, PUFAs, or SFAs in 16 women with obesity were tested. At each visit, anthropometrics and a fasting blood sample were collected. Participants then consumed one of the HF meals, and postprandial blood draws and visual analog scale (VAS) measures were collected over 5 h. An ad libitum buffet lunch was provided 5 h after the HF meal.


RESULTS
Decrease in ghrelin was significantly greater for PUFA (P < 0.05) and MUFA (P < 0.01) vs. SFA while the increase in peptide YY was significantly greater for PUFA vs. both SFA and MUFA (P < 0.05). Change in glucagon-like peptide-1, VAS measurements, or total energy consumed at the buffet showed no differences between HF meals (ns).


CONCLUSIONS
Fatty acid composition differentially affected physiological markers of hunger and satiety. However, it was unable to show changes in subjective appetite ratings or changes in energy intake when alterations were made to fatty acid composition from an acute HF meal.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
Jada L
JL
Stevenson
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
Hui C
HC
Clevenger
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
Jamie A
JA
Cooper
D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000187:drug effects; D016037:Single-Blind Method
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D054439:Ghrelin; D019894:Peptide YY; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1