Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Impact of Ink Industry Effluent on Germination of Maize (Zea mays), Barley (Hordeum vulgare) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor).
The present study focuses on effects of untreated and treated ink industry wastewater on germination of maize, barley and sorghum. Wastewater had a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and metal content compared to treated effluent. Germination decreased with increasing COD concentration. Speed of germination also followed the same trend, except for maize seeds exposed to untreated effluent (E), which germinated slightly faster than controls. These alterations of seedling development were mirrored by changes in soluble protein content. E exerted a positive effect on soluble protein content and maximum levels occurred after 10 days with treated effluent using coagulation/flocculation (TEc/f) process and treated effluent using combined process (coagulation/flocculation/biosorption) (TEc/f/b). Likewise, activity of α-amylase was influenced by effluent composition. Its expression depended on the species, exposure time and applied treatment. Nevertheless, current results indicated TEc/f/b had no observable toxic effects on germination and could be a beneficial alternative resource to irrigation water.
Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Science de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
Chaâbene
C
Zayneb
Unité de Toxicologie-Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé/Faculté des Science de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
Khanous
K
Lamia
Unité de Bioconversion des Enzymes/Ecole National des Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Ellouze
E
Olfa
Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Science de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
Jebahi
J
Naïma
Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany.
C Douglas
CD
Grubb
Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Science de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
Khemakhem
K
Bassem
Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Science de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
Mejdoub
M
Hafedh
Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Science de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia. amineelleuch@hotmail.com.
Elleuch
E
Amine
D057914:Agricultural Irrigation; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D005427:Flocculation; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D007281:Ink; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D045868:Sorghum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods; D003313:Zea mays / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism
D007220:Industrial Waste; D010940:Plant Proteins; D062065:Wastewater; D000516:alpha-Amylases
Effluent treatment; Seedling mortality; Soluble protein; Speed of germination; α-amylase