Veratric Acid Inhibits LPS-Induced IL-6 and IL-8 Production in Human Gingival Fibroblasts.
Veratric acid, one of the major benzoic acid isolated from vegetables and fruits, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of veratric acid on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). HGFs were pretreated with veratric acid 1 h before LPS stimulation. The productions of IL-6 and IL-8 were detected by ELISA. The expression of iNOS, COX-2, PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB were detected by western blotting. The results showed that veratric acid inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production, as well as iNOS and COX-2 expression. Veratric acid also inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation. In addition, veratric acid was found to suppress LPS-induced PI3K and AKT phosphorylation. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of veratric acid is due to its ability to inhibit PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China.
Qi-Bao
QB
Wang
Dental Implant Center, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China.
Lan-Ying
LY
Sun
Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China.
Zuo-de
ZD
Gong
Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China. duyi211@163.com.
Yi
Y
Du
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014641:Vanillic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; C009333:veratric acid; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D014641:Vanillic Acid
IL-8; NF-κB; PI3K; human gingival fibroblasts; veratric acid