A comprehensive 1,000 Genomes-based genome-wide association meta-analysis of coronary artery disease.
Existing knowledge of genetic variants affecting risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) is largely based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis of common SNPs. Leveraging phased haplotypes from the 1000 Genomes Project, we report a GWAS meta-analysis of ∼185,000 CAD cases and controls, interrogating 6.7 million common (minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.05) and 2.7 million low-frequency (0.005 < MAF < 0.05) variants. In addition to confirming most known CAD-associated loci, we identified ten new loci (eight additive and two recessive) that contain candidate causal genes newly implicating biological processes in vessel walls. We observed intralocus allelic heterogeneity but little evidence of low-frequency variants with larger effects and no evidence of synthetic association. Our analysis provides a comprehensive survey of the fine genetic architecture of CAD, showing that genetic susceptibility to this common disease is largely determined by common SNPs of small effect size.
Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Majid
M
Nikpay
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Anuj
A
Goel
Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Hong-Hee
HH
Won
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Leanne M
LM
Hall
Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.|DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.
Christina
C
Willenborg
William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Stavroula
S
Kanoni
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.|Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
Danish
D
Saleheen
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Theodosios
T
Kyriakou
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.|NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
Christopher P
CP
Nelson
CTSU, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jemma C
JC
Hopewell
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.|NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
Thomas R
TR
Webb
Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.|DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, München, Germany.
Lingyao
L
Zeng
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Abbas
A
Dehghan
Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.|Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Maris
M
Alver
Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Sebastian M
SM
Armasu
Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.|Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Diabetes & Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Kirsi
K
Auro
Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Andrew
A
Bjonnes
Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Daniel I
DI
Chasman
State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Shufeng
S
Chen
Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Ian
I
Ford
Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Nora
N
Franceschini
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, München, Germany.|Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Christian
C
Gieger
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Christopher
C
Grace
Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Stefan
S
Gustafsson
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
Jie
J
Huang
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Shih-Jen
SJ
Hwang
Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea.
Yun Kyoung
YK
Kim
Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
Marcus E
ME
Kleber
CTSU, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
King Wai
KW
Lau
State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Xiangfeng
X
Lu
The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.|The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Yingchang
Y
Lu
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.|Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland.
Leo-Pekka
LP
Lyytikäinen
Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Evelin
E
Mihailov
Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Alanna C
AC
Morrison
Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.|Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.|Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Diabetes & Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Natalia
N
Pervjakova
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Liming
L
Qu
Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Lynda M
LM
Rose
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Elias
E
Salfati
Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Richa
R
Saxena
Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.|LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.
Markus
M
Scholz
Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.|Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Albert V
AV
Smith
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Emmi
E
Tikkanen
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Andre
A
Uitterlinden
State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Xueli
X
Yang
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.|Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.
Weihua
W
Zhang
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Wei
W
Zhao
Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Mariza
M
de Andrade
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Paul S
PS
de Vries
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Natalie R
NR
van Zuydam
Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Sonia S
SS
Anand
Platform for Genome Analytics, Institutes of Neurogenetics & Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.|Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine, London, UK.
Lars
L
Bertram
LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.|Heart Center Leipzig, Cardiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Frank
F
Beutner
Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
George
G
Dedoussis
Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
Philippe
P
Frossard
INSERM, UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
Dominique
D
Gauguier
NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.|Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
Alison H
AH
Goodall
The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Omri
O
Gottesman
Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.
Marc
M
Haber
Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea.
Bok-Ghee
BG
Han
Hypertension Division, Fuwai Hospital, National Center For Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Jianfeng
J
Huang
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Shapour
S
Jalilzadeh
Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.|Klinikum rechts der Isar, München, Germany.
Thorsten
T
Kessler
DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.|Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Inke R
IR
König
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Lars
L
Lannfelt
Institut für Epidemiologie, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Wolfgang
W
Lieb
Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Lars
L
Lind
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Cecilia M
CM
Lindgren
Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Marja-Liisa
ML
Lokki
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Patrik K
PK
Magnusson
Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, Pakistan.
Nadeem H
NH
Mallick
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Narinder
N
Mehra
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, München, Germany.|Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
Thomas
T
Meitinger
Red Crescent Institute of Cardiology, Hyderabad, Pakistan.
Fazal-Ur-Rehman
FU
Memon
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Andrew P
AP
Morris
Department of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Markku S
MS
Nieminen
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Nancy L
NL
Pedersen
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, München, Germany.|Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Annette
A
Peters
Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Loukianos S
LS
Rallidis
Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.|Red Crescent Institute of Cardiology, Hyderabad, Pakistan.
Asif
A
Rasheed
Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
Maria
M
Samuel
Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Svati H
SH
Shah
Department of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Juha
J
Sinisalo
William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.|Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Kathleen E
KE
Stirrups
Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.|Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Stella
S
Trompet
State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.|National Human Genome Center at Beijing, Beijing, China.
Laiyuan
L
Wang
National Institue of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
Khan S
KS
Zaman
Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.|Associazione per lo Studio della Trombosi in Cardiologia, Pavia, Italy.
Diego
D
Ardissino
Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.|Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Eric
E
Boerwinkle
Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Ingrid B
IB
Borecki
The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Erwin P
EP
Bottinger
Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Julie E
JE
Buring
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.|Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.|Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
John C
JC
Chambers
CTSU, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Rory
R
Collins
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
L Adrienne
LA
Cupples
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.|Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
John
J
Danesh
The Berlin Aging Study II; Research Group on Geriatrics; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Ilja
I
Demuth
Grupo de Epidemiología y Genética Cardiovascular, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
Roberto
R
Elosua
MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Stephen E
SE
Epstein
Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.|Division of Endocrinology and Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Tõnu
T
Esko
Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Mary F
MF
Feitosa
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Oscar H
OH
Franco
Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy.
Maria Grazia
MG
Franzosi
Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Christopher B
CB
Granger
State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Dongfeng
D
Gu
Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.|Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Vilmundur
V
Gudnason
Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Alistair S
AS
Hall
Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics Group, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Anders
A
Hamsten
Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Tamara B
TB
Harris
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Stanley L
SL
Hazen
Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.|DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, München, Germany.
Christian
C
Hengstenberg
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Albert
A
Hofman
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Erik
E
Ingelsson
Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA.
Carlos
C
Iribarren
Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.|Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Wouter
JW
Jukema
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.|Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland.
Pekka J
PJ
Karhunen
Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea.
Bong-Jo
BJ
Kim
Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.|Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.|Cardiovascular Science, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Jaspal S
JS
Kooner
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Iftikhar J
IJ
Kullo
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.|Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland.
Terho
T
Lehtimäki
The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.|The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.|The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Ruth J F
RJF
Loos
Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.
Olle
O
Melander
Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.|Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Andres
A
Metspalu
Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.|Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, Mannheim, Germany.|Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Winfried
W
März
Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Colin N
CN
Palmer
Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.|Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.|Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Diabetes & Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Markus
M
Perola
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.|Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Thomas
T
Quertermous
Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.|Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Daniel J
DJ
Rader
Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Paul M
PM
Ridker
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.|Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Samuli
S
Ripatti
University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Robert
R
Roberts
Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Veikko
V
Salomaa
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.|Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.|Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
Dharambir K
DK
Sanghera
Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.|Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Stephen M
SM
Schwartz
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Udo
U
Seedorf
Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Alexandre F
AF
Stewart
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
David J
DJ
Stott
LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.|Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany.
Joachim
J
Thiery
Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.|Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Pierre A
PA
Zalloua
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.|National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.|Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Christopher J
CJ
O'Donnell
Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Muredach P
MP
Reilly
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.|Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Themistocles L
TL
Assimes
Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
John R
JR
Thompson
Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.|DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.
Jeanette
J
Erdmann
CTSU, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Robert
R
Clarke
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Hugh
H
Watkins
Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.|Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Sekar
S
Kathiresan
Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Ruth
R
McPherson
William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.|Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Panos
P
Deloukas
Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.|DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, München, Germany.
Heribert
H
Schunkert
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.|NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
Nilesh J
NJ
Samani
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Martin
M
Farrall
D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D015894:Genome, Human; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype