A geometric method for the detection and correction of segmentation leaks of anatomical structures in volumetric medical images.
OBJECTIVE
Patient-specific models of anatomical structures and pathologies generated from volumetric medical images play an increasingly central role in many aspects of patient care. A key task in generating these models is the segmentation of anatomical structures and pathologies of interest. Although numerous segmentation methods are available, they often produce erroneous delineations that require time-consuming modifications.


METHODS
We present a new geometry-based algorithm for the reliable detection and correction of segmentation errors in volumetric medical images. The method is applicable to anatomical structures consisting of a few 3D star-shaped components. First, it detects segmentation errors by casting rays from the initial segmentation interior to its outer surface. It then classifies the segmentation surface into correct and erroneous regions by minimizing an energy functional that incorporates first- and second-order properties of the rays lengths. Finally, it corrects the segmentation errors by computing new locations for the erroneous surface points by Laplace deformation so that the new surface has maximum smoothness with respect to the rays-length gradient magnitude.


RESULTS
Our evaluation on initial segmentations of 16 abdominal aortic aneurysm and 12 lung tumors in CT scans obtained by both adaptive region-growing and active contours level-set segmentation improved the volumetric overlap error by 66 and 70.5% respectively, with respect to the ground-truth.


CONCLUSIONS
The advantages of our method are that it is independent of the initial segmentation algorithm that covers a variety of anatomical structures and pathologies, that it does not require a shape prior, and that it requires minimal user interaction.
Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram Campus, 91904 , Jerusalem, Israel.
Achia
A
Kronman
Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram Campus, 91904 , Jerusalem, Israel. josko@cs.huji.ac.il.
Leo
L
Joskowicz
D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000592:standards*
Laplace deformation; Medical image segmentation; Segmentation errors correction; Volumetric images