Progress and perspectives in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a disease of acute onset characterized by hypoxemia and infiltrates on chest radiographs that affects both adults and children of all ages. It is an important cause of respiratory failure in pediatric intensive care units and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, until recently, the definitions and diagnostic criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome have focused on the adult population. In this article, we review the evolution of the definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome over nearly five decades, with a special focus on the new pediatric definition. We also discuss recommendations for the implementation of mechanical ventilation strategies in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in children and the use of adjuvant therapies.
School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, US.
Alexandre Tellechea
AT
Rotta
Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, BR.
Jefferson Pedro
JP
Piva
Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Pediátrico, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, BR.
Cinara
C
Andreolio
Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR.
Werther Brunow
WB
de Carvalho
Departamento de Pediatria, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, BR.
Pedro Celiny Ramos
PC
Garcia
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology