Role of Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Prognostic Evaluation of Acute Pancreatitis.
Acute pancreatitis is a potentially life threatening disease. The spectrum of severity of the illness ranges from mild self-limiting disease to a highly fatal severe necrotizing pancreatitis. Despite intensive research and improved patient care, overall mortality still remains high, reaching up to 30-40% in cases with infected pancreatic necrosis. Although little is known about the exact pathogenesis, it has been widely accepted that premature activation of digestive enzymes within the pancreatic acinar cell is the trigger that leads to autodigestion of pancreatic tissue which is followed by infiltration and activation of leukocytes. Extensive research has been done over the past few decades regarding their role in diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of severe acute pancreatitis. Although many standalone biochemical markers have been studied for early assessment of severity, C-reactive protein still remains the most frequently used along with Interleukin-6. In this review we have discussed briefly the pathogenesis and the role of different biochemical markers in the diagnosis and severity evaluation in acute pancreatitis.
Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 019, India.
Susanta
S
Meher
Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 019, India.
Tushar Subhadarshan
TS
Mishra
Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 019, India.
Prakash Kumar
PK
Sasmal
Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 019, India.
Satyajit
S
Rath
Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 019, India.
Rakesh
R
Sharma
Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 019, India.
Bikram
B
Rout
Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 019, India.
Manoj Kumar
MK
Sahu