MavN is a Legionella pneumophila vacuole-associated protein required for efficient iron acquisition during intracellular growth.
Iron is essential for the growth and virulence of most intravacuolar pathogens. The mechanisms by which microbes bypass host iron restriction to gain access to this metal across the host vacuolar membrane are poorly characterized. In this work, we identify a unique intracellular iron acquisition strategy used by Legionella pneumophila. The bacterial Icm/Dot (intracellular multiplication/defect in organelle trafficking) type IV secretion system targets the bacterial-derived MavN (more regions allowing vacuolar colocalization N) protein to the surface of the Legionella-containing vacuole where this putative transmembrane protein facilitates intravacuolar iron acquisition. The ΔmavN mutant exhibits a transcriptional iron-starvation signature before its growth is arrested during the very early stages of macrophage infection. This intracellular growth defect is rescued only by the addition of excess exogenous iron to the culture medium and not a variety of other metals. Consistent with MavN being a translocated substrate that plays an exclusive role during intracellular growth, the mutant shows no defect for growth in broth culture, even under severe iron-limiting conditions. Putative iron-binding residues within the MavN protein were identified, and point mutations in these residues resulted in defects specific for intracellular growth that are indistinguishable from the ΔmavN mutant. This model of a bacterial protein inserting into host membranes to mediate iron transport provides a paradigm for how intravacuolar pathogens can use virulence-associated secretion systems to manipulate and acquire host iron.
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.
Dervla T
DT
Isaac
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111;
Rita K
RK
Laguna
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111;
Nicole
N
Valtz
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111 ralph.isberg@tufts.edu.
Ralph R
RR
Isberg
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000382:microbiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D016952:Legionella pneumophila / Q000502:physiology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D021381:Protein Transport; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D020298:U937 Cells; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D007501:Iron
Icm/Dot; Legionella; MavN; iron; vacuole