Blood Contamination in Saliva: Impact on the Measurement of Salivary Oxidative Stress Markers.
Salivary oxidative stress markers represent a promising tool for monitoring of oral diseases. Saliva can often be contaminated by blood, especially in patients with periodontitis. The aim of our study was to examine the impact of blood contamination on the measurement of salivary oxidative stress markers. Saliva samples were collected from 10 healthy volunteers and were artificially contaminated with blood (final concentration 0.001-10%). Next, saliva was collected from 12 gingivitis and 10 control patients before and after dental hygiene treatment. Markers of oxidative stress were measured in all collected saliva samples. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and antioxidant status were changed in 1% blood-contaminated saliva. Salivary AOPP were increased in control and patients after dental treatment (by 45.7% and 34.1%, p < 0.01). Salivary AGEs were decreased in patients after microinjury (by 69.3%, p < 0.001). Salivary antioxidant status markers were decreased in both control and patients after dental treatment (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). One % blood contamination biased concentrations of salivary oxidative stress markers. Saliva samples with 1% blood contamination are visibly discolored and can be excluded from analyses without any specific biochemic detection of blood constituents. Salivary markers of oxidative stress were significantly altered in blood-contaminated saliva in control and patients with gingivitis after dental hygiene treatment.
Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Natália
N
Kamodyová
Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Comenius University, Heydukova 10, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Lenka
L
Baňasová
Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Katarína
K
Janšáková
Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Ivana
I
Koborová
Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia ; Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlárska 7, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Ľubomíra
Ľ
Tóthová
Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Comenius University, Heydukova 10, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Peter
P
Stanko
Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia ; Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlárska 7, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia ; Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia ; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Peter
P
Celec
D000328:Adult; D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D013048:Specimen Handling
D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; D015415:Biomarkers; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced