Flax Fiber Hydrophobic Extract Inhibits Human Skin Cells Inflammation and Causes Remodeling of Extracellular Matrix and Wound Closure Activation.
Inflammation is the basis of many diseases, with chronic wounds amongst them, limiting cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. Our previous preclinical study of flax fiber applied as a wound dressing and analysis of its components impact on the fibroblast transcriptome suggested flax fiber hydrophobic extract use as an anti-inflammatory and wound healing preparation. The extract contains cannabidiol (CBD), phytosterols, and unsaturated fatty acids, showing great promise in wound healing. In in vitro proliferation and wound closure tests the extract activated cell migration and proliferation. The activity of matrix metalloproteinases in skin cells was increased, suggesting activation of extracellular components remodeling. The expression of cytokines was diminished by the extract in a cannabidiol-dependent manner, but β-sitosterol can act synergistically with CBD in inflammation inhibition. Extracellular matrix related genes were also analyzed, considering their importance in further stages of wound healing. The extract activated skin cell matrix remodeling, but the changes were only partially cannabidiol- and β-sitosterol-dependent. The possible role of fatty acids also present in the extract is suggested. The study shows the hydrophobic flax fiber components as wound healing activators, with anti-inflammatory cannabidiol acting in synergy with sterols, and migration and proliferation promoting agents, some of which still require experimental identification.
Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
Monika
M
Styrczewska
Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
Anna
A
Kostyn
Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland ; Linum Foundation, Stablowicka 147/149, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland.
Anna
A
Kulma
Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
Grazyna
G
Majkowska-Skrobek
Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
Daria
D
Augustyniak
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Anna
A
Prescha
Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Plant Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24A, 53-363 Wroclaw, Poland.
Tadeusz
T
Czuj
Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland ; Linum Foundation, Stablowicka 147/149, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland ; Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Plant Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24A, 53-363 Wroclaw, Poland.
Jan
J
Szopa
D002185:Cannabidiol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
D010936:Plant Extracts; D012855:Sitosterols; D002185:Cannabidiol; C025473:gamma-sitosterol