Opportunities for utilization of non-conventional energy sources for biomass pretreatment.
The increasing concerns over the depletion of fossil resources and its associated geo-political issues have driven the entire world to move toward sustainable forms of energy. Pretreatment is the first step in any biochemical conversion process for the production of valuable fuels/chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass to eliminate the lignin and produce fermentable sugars by hydrolysis. Conventional techniques have several limitations which can be addressed by using them in tandem with non-conventional methods for biomass pretreatment. Electron beam and γ (gamma)-irradiation, microwave and ultrasound energies have certain advantages over conventional source of energy and there is an opportunity that these energies can be exploited for biomass pretreatment.
CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP), Bio-Fuels Division (BFD), Dehradun 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
Rawel
R
Singh
CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP), Bio-Fuels Division (BFD), Dehradun 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
Bhavya B
BB
Krishna
CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP), Bio-Fuels Division (BFD), Dehradun 248005, India.
Jitendra
J
Kumar
CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP), Bio-Fuels Division (BFD), Dehradun 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India. Electronic address: thalladab@yahoo.com.
Thallada
T
Bhaskar
D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D004736:Energy-Generating Resources; D005285:Fermentation; D005720:Gamma Rays; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry; D008872:Microwaves; D014465:Ultrasonics
C036909:lignocellulose; D008031:Lignin
Biomass; Electron beam irradiation; Microwave; Pretreatment; Ultrasound