New Compounds Targeting the Androgen Receptor for Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer.
The androgen receptor (AR) signalling pathway remains a key driver of prostate cancer progression despite castrate levels of testosterone in advanced disease. The androgen biosynthesis inhibitor abiraterone and the anti-androgen enzalutamide have been shown to prolong survival in randomized clinical trials both pre-and post-docetaxel chemotherapy and are now in routine clinical use. With the use of these drugs and other novel survival-prolonging therapeutics, patients with advanced prostate cancer are now living longer with better quality of life. This article will review pre-clinical and clinical data for AR-targeting therapeutics for advanced prostate cancer with a focus on mechanisms of resistance and future directions for research.
Rita
R
Assi
Sally
S
Temraz
Ali
A
Shamseddine
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut, Lebanon. dm25@aub.edu.lb.
Deborah
D
Mukherji
D000736:Androstenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001549:Benzamides; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009570:Nitriles; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000736:Androstenes; D001549:Benzamides; D009570:Nitriles; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin; C540278:enzalutamide; C089740:abiraterone