Influence of Accelerated Solvent Extraction and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction on the Anthocyanin Profile of Different Vaccinium Species in the Context of Statistical Models for Authentication.
Anthocyanins are frequently discussed as marker compounds for fruit product authenticity. Proper analysis including sample preparation for the determination of anthocyanin concentrations is crucial for the comparability of authenticity data. The present study determined the influence of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), using two different solvent compositions on the anthocyanin profile of bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.), and American cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.). Besides differences in total anthocyanin concentrations in the extracts, significant deviations (p ≤ 0.05) in the individual anthocyanin concentration were observed, resulting in differing anthocyanin proportions. Linear discriminant analysis comparing the differences caused by the extraction method to the natural differences within a set of 26 bilberry and lowbush blueberry samples of different origins was conducted. It revealed that profile variations induced by the extraction methods are in a similar scale to profile variations as a result of geographic and climatic differences.
Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Chair of Food Technology and Food Biotechnology, University of Bonn , Römerstrasse 164, D-53117 Bonn, Germany.
Peter
P
Heffels
Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Chair of Food Technology and Food Biotechnology, University of Bonn , Römerstrasse 164, D-53117 Bonn, Germany.
Fabian
F
Weber
Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Chair of Food Technology and Food Biotechnology, University of Bonn , Römerstrasse 164, D-53117 Bonn, Germany.
Andreas
A
Schieber
D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D029796:Vaccinium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification
D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts
UHPLC; Vaccinium spp.; anthocyanins; authenticity; bilberry; cranberry; extraction; linear discriminant analysis