Temporal Trends and Pattern Changes of Short- and Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins in Marine Mammals from the South China Sea over the Past Decade.
Temporal trends of short- (SCCPs) and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) were examined in blubber samples of 50 finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) and 25 Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) collected from the South China Sea between 2004 and 2014. Elevated levels of SCCPs and MCCPs were detected in all blubber samples of both cetacean species. Concentrations of SCCPs ranged from 280 to 3900 ng·g(-1) dry weight (dw) in porpoises and from 430 to 9100 ng·g(-1) dw in dolphins, while concentrations of MCCPs ranged from 320 to 8600 ng·g(-1) dw in porpoises and from 530 to 23 000 ng·g(-1) dw in dolphins. Significantly higher concentrations were present in dolphins than porpoises due to their exposure levels in their living habitats. Strongly linear correlations existed between SCCPs and MCCPs, but there were no significant concentration differences between the genders of the two cetacean species in the same sampling year. Significantly temporal increasing trends of ∑SCCPs and ∑MCCPs have been observed in both porpoise and dolphin samples over the past decade, which reflect the influence of histories of production and usage on the bioaccumulation of CPs in marine mammals in China. An apparent temporal shift trend from SCCPs to MCCPs was also observed in CP accumulation profiles. Complex environmental fractionation from localized sources in the study region via atmospheric transport, oceanic/offshore water transport, and trophic transfer have resulted in different CP accumulation levels and homologue patterns in the two cetacean species. This is the first report of systematic temporal trends of SCCPs and MCCPs in marine mammals.
State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong , Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.|School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.|State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.
Lixi
L
Zeng
State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong , Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
James C W
JC
Lam
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.|Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University , Wuhan 430056, China.
Yawei
Y
Wang
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.
Guibin
G
Jiang
State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong , Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Paul K S
PK
Lam
D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004289:Dolphins; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D054879:Halogenation; D006723:Hong Kong; D008297:Male; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010232:Paraffin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019576:Porpoises; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010232:Paraffin