A pilot study comparing in-person and web-based motivational interviewing among adults with a first-time DUI offense.
BACKGROUND
Driving under the influence (DUI) is a significant problem, and there is a pressing need to develop interventions that reduce future risk.


METHODS
We pilot-tested the acceptance and efficacy of web-motivational interviewing (MI) and in-person MI interventions among a diverse sample of individuals with a first-time DUI offense. Participants (N = 159) were 65 percent male, 40 percent Hispanic, and an average age of 30 (SD = 9.8). They were enrolled at one of three participating 3-month DUI programs in Los Angeles County and randomized to usual care (UC)-only (36-h program), in-person MI plus UC, or a web-based intervention using MI (web-MI) plus UC. Participants were assessed at intake and program completion. We examined intervention acceptance and preliminary efficacy of the interventions on alcohol consumption, DUI, and alcohol-related consequences.


RESULTS
Web-MI and in-person MI participants rated the quality of and satisfaction with their sessions significantly higher than participants in the UC-only condition. However, there were no significant group differences between the MI conditions and the UC-only condition in alcohol consumption, DUI, and alcohol-related consequences. Further, 67 percent of our sample met criteria for alcohol dependence, and the majority of participants in all three study conditions continued to report alcohol-related consequences at follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Participants receiving MI plus UC and UC-only had similar improvements, and a large proportion had symptoms of alcohol dependence. Receiving a DUI and having to deal with the numerous consequences related to this type of event may be significant enough to reduce short-term behaviors, but future research should explore whether more intensive interventions are needed to sustain long-term changes.
RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA. karenc@rand.org.
Karen Chan
KC
Osilla
RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA. paddock@rand.org.
Susan M
SM
Paddock
Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Box 90251, Durham, NC, 27708-0251, USA. tjleininger@gmail.com.
Thomas J
TJ
Leininger
RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA. damico@rand.org.
Elizabeth J
EJ
D'Amico
RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA. bewing@rand.org.
Brett A
BA
Ewing
RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA. kwatkins@rand.org.
Katherine E
KE
Watkins
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000628:therapy; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D000066448:Driving Under the Influence / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D015141:Los Angeles; D008297:Male; D062405:Motivational Interviewing / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors