Reactive oxygen species-activated nanomaterials as theranostic agents.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from the endogenous oxidative metabolism or from exogenous pro-oxidant exposure. Oxidative stress occurs when there is excessive production of ROS, outweighing the antioxidant defense mechanisms which may lead to disease states. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the most abundant and stable forms of ROS, implicated in inflammation, cellular dysfunction and apoptosis, which ultimately lead to tissue and organ damage. This review is an overview of the role of ROS in different diseases. We will also examine ROS-activated nanomaterials with emphasis on hydrogen peroxide, and their potential medical implications. Further development of the biocompatible, stimuli-activated agent responding to disease causing oxidative stress, may lead to a promising clinical use.
Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Kye S
KS
Kim
Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-756, South Korea.
Dongwon
D
Lee
Department of Electronic Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-756, South Korea.
Chul Gyu
CG
Song
Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Peter M
PM
Kang
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D017209:Apoptosis; D001895:Boron / Q000737:chemistry; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010070:Oxalates / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011126:Polypropylenes / Q000737:chemistry; D011392:Proline / Q000737:chemistry; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry*; D012643:Selenium / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*
D000975:Antioxidants; D004952:Esters; D010070:Oxalates; D011126:Polypropylenes; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013440:Sulfides; D013481:Superoxides; D011392:Proline; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D012643:Selenium; D001895:Boron; D012825:Silicon
hydrogen peroxide; nanomaterials; nanoparticles; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; theranostics