Response of vitamins A, E, hematological and serum biochemical markers in Crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) exposed to environmental Pb(2+) and Cd(2+).
Toxicity of Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) is a widespread issue in the world; however, few studies have been conducted to understand their effect at environmentally realistic concentration in a mixture. In the present study, Crucian carp was exposed to Pb(2+) (30 µg·l(-1)), Cd(2+) (100 µg·l(-1)) and their mixture (30+100 µg·l(-1)) for 96 h and 21 d period to assess changes in the liver and muscle vitamin A and E content, and hematological and serum biochemical parameters. The results indicated significant decline in the level of antioxidant vitamins A, E and alterations in the hematological and serum biochemical indices. The toxicity revealed anemia, impairment of the liver and kidney with evident responses after 21 d exposure due to additive effect of Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) in mixture. Moreover, the differential response of vitamins A, E and blood parameters to low levels of waterborne Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) in freshwater fish can be used as biomarkers for monitoring contamination of aquatic environment.
College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
Sher Ali
SA
Khan
College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
Peiyuan
P
Zhou
College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
Xiaoyu
X
Liu
College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
Hong
H
Li
College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
Jingna
J
Li
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
Zia Ur
ZU
Rehman
National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
Ijaz
I
Ahmad
D000740:Anemia / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002347:Carps / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005618:Fresh Water; D006405:Hematology; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism*
D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D002104:Cadmium; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D007854:Lead