Ratiometric Biosensor for Aggregation-Induced Emission-Guided Precise Photodynamic Therapy.
Photodynamic therapy faces the barrier of choosing the appropriate irradiation region and time. In this paper, a matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) responsive ratiometric biosensor was designed and synthesized for aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-guided precise photodynamic therapy. It was found that the biosensor presented the MMP-2 responsive AIE behavior. Most importantly, it could accurately differentiate the tumor cells from the healthy cells by the fluorescence ratio between freed tetraphenylethylene and protoporphyrin IX (PpIX, internal reference). In vivo study demonstrated that the biosensor could preferentially accumulate in the tumor tissue with a relative long blood retention time. Note that the intrinsic fluorescence of PpIX and MMP-2-triggered AIE fluorescence provided a real-time feedback which guided precise photodynamic therapy in vivo efficiently. This strategy demonstrated here opens a window in the precise medicine, especially for phototherapy.
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry and ‡The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China.
Kai
K
Han
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry and ‡The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China.
Shi-Bo
SB
Wang
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry and ‡The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China.
Qi
Q
Lei
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry and ‡The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China.
Jing-Yi
JY
Zhu
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry and ‡The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China.
Xian-Zheng
XZ
Zhang
D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011524:Protoporphyrins; C028025:protoporphyrin IX; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
MMP-2 responsive; aggregation-induced emission; photodynamic therapy; ratiometric biosensor; tumor