Effect of concurrent training on gender-specific biochemical variables and adiposity in obese adolescents.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effects of a 20-week concurrent training (20 WCT) intervention program on gender-specific body composition and metabolic variables in obese adolescents.


METHODS
Sample was composed of twenty-five obese adolescents, aged between 12 and 15 (13.4 ± 0.96) years. Fat-free mass (FFM), percentage trunk fat mass (TFM%) and percentage fat mass (%FM) were evaluated through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Measurement of intra-abdominal adiposity (IAAT) was performed using ultrasound. Blood pressure was measured and blood samples analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglycerides (TG) and plasma glucose. All participants performed the concurrent training (combination of weight training and aerobic training) three times per week, one hour per day, for 20 weeks. Descriptive analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures were used to compare baseline, 10 week and 20 week moments using the Bonferroni post-hoc test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Significant decrease in TC, LDL-c and TFM% were verified in both genders after the 10 initial weeks of concurrent training.


RESULTS
A significant increase in height was found in both the male and female groups (p = 0.001 and p = 0.047, respectively), after 20 weeks of concurrent training. In addition, several modifications were observed in body composition and metabolic variables, with a significant decrease in BMI (p = 0.002 and p = 0.017), BMI z-score (p = 0.033 and p = 0.004), FM% (p = 0.002 and p = 0.002), TFM% (p = 0.009 and p = 0.018), TC (p = 0.042 and p = 0.001) and LDL-c (p = 0.006 and p = 0.001) in the male and female groups, respectively, after 20 weeks of intervention when compared with baseline.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results identified that concurrent training was an effective intervention for treating metabolic variable and body composition disorders, in both genders, by decreasing adiposity with consequent improvement in BMI and BMI z-scores, and enhancement in lipid profile variables.
Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP, BR.
Barbara de Moura Mello
Bde M
Antunes
Departamento de Educação Física, Unesp, Presidente Prudente, SP, BR.
Diego Giuliano Destro
DG
Christofaro
Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP, BR.
Paula Alves
PA
Monteiro
Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP, BR.
Loreana Sanches
LS
Silveira
Departamento de Educação Física, Unesp, Presidente Prudente, SP, BR.
Rômulo Araújo
RA
Fernandes
Centro de Pesquisa em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PT.
Jorge
J
Mota
Departamento de Educação Física, Unesp, Presidente Prudente, SP, BR.
Ismael Forte
IF
Freitas Júnior
D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity / Q000502:physiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol