Calpain in Breast Cancer: Role in Disease Progression and Treatment Response.
The calpains are a family of intracellular cysteine proteases that function in a wide array of cellular activities, including cytoskeletal remodelling, survival and apoptosis. The ubiquitously expressed micro (µ)-calpain and milli (m)-calpain are archetypal family members that require calcium for function and can be inhibited by their endogenous inhibitor calpastatin. This review describes the role of the calpain system in the prognosis of breast cancer and disease progression, in addition to the role of the calpain system in the response to breast cancer treatments, including chemotherapeutic, endocrine and targeted therapies.
Academic Clinical Oncology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Sarah J
SJ
Storr
Nicola
N
Thompson
Xuan
X
Pu
Yimin
Y
Zhang
Stewart G
SG
Martin
D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002154:Calpain / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis
D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C033668:calpastatin; D002154:Calpain