Frankincense and myrrh suppress inflammation via regulation of the metabolic profiling and the MAPK signaling pathway.
Frankincense and myrrh are highly effective in treatment of inflammatory diseases, but lacking of thetherapy mechanisms. We undertook this study to evaluate the effects on Adjuvant-induced Arthritis(AIA) rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms by analyzing the metabolic profiling and signalingpathway evaluated by expression of inflammatory cytokines, c-jun and c-fos and corresponding phosphorylationlevels. [corrected]. The results stated the elevated expression levels of TNFα, PGE2, IL-2, NO, and MDA in serum and swelling paw of AIA rats were significantly decreased after treatment, which exerted more remarkable inhibitive effects of combined therapy. The metbolic profiling of plasma and urine were clearly improved and twenty-one potential biomarkers were identified. Moreover, the inhibited effects of five bioactive components on cytokine transcription in PHA stimulated-PBMC showed the MAPK pathway might account for this phenomenon with considerable reduction in phosphorylated forms of all the three MAPK (ERK1/2, p38 and JNK) and down regulation of c-jun and c-fos.
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Shulan
S
Su
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Jinao
J
Duan
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Ting
T
Chen
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Xiaochen
X
Huang
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Erxin
E
Shang
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Li
L
Yu
Basic Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Kaifeng
K
Wei
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Yue
Y
Zhu
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Jianming
J
Guo
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Sheng
S
Guo
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Pei
P
Liu
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Dawei
D
Qian
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Yuping
Y
Tang
D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D029744:Commiphora / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D065260:Frankincense / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055432:Metabolomics; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D065260:Frankincense