Timeless Interacts with PARP-1 to Promote Homologous Recombination Repair.
Human Timeless helps stabilize replication forks during normal DNA replication and plays a critical role in activation of the S phase checkpoint and proper establishment of sister chromatid cohesion. However, it remains elusive whether Timeless is involved in the repair of damaged DNA. Here, we identify that Timeless physically interacts with PARP-1 independent of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. We present high-resolution crystal structures of Timeless PAB (PARP-1-binding domain) in free form and in complex with PARP-1 catalytic domain. Interestingly, Timeless PAB domain specifically recognizes PARP-1, but not PARP-2 or PARP-3. Timeless-PARP-1 interaction does not interfere with PARP-1 enzymatic activity. We demonstrate that rapid and transient accumulation of Timeless at laser-induced DNA damage sites requires PARP-1, but not poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and that Timeless is co-trapped with PARP-1 at DNA lesions upon PARP inhibition. Furthermore, we show that Timeless and PARP-1 interaction is required for efficient homologous recombination repair.
School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Si
S
Xie
Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden.
Oliver
O
Mortusewicz
Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong.
Hoi Tang
HT
Ma
Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden.
Patrick
P
Herr
Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong.
Randy Y C
RY
Poon
Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong.
Randy R Y
RR
Poon
Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: thomas.helleday@scilifelab.se.
Thomas
T
Helleday
School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Electronic address: cmqian@hku.hk.
Chengmin
C
Qian
D001665:Binding Sites; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D006367:HeLa Cells; D059765:Homologous Recombination; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D059767:Recombinational DNA Repair; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C509769:TIMELESS protein, human; C499320:PARP1 protein, human; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases