Intervention effects on safety compliance and citizenship behaviors: Evidence from the Work, Family, and Health Study.
We tested the effects of a work-family intervention on employee reports of safety compliance and organizational citizenship behaviors in 30 health care facilities using a group-randomized trial. Based on conservation of resources theory and the work-home resources model, we hypothesized that implementing a work-family intervention aimed at increasing contextual resources via supervisor support for work and family, and employee control over work time, would lead to improved personal resources and increased employee performance on the job in the form of self-reported safety compliance and organizational citizenship behaviors. Multilevel analyses used survey data from 1,524 employees at baseline and at 6-month and 12-month postintervention follow-ups. Significant intervention effects were observed for safety compliance at the 6-month, and organizational citizenship behaviors at the 12-month, follow-ups. More specifically, results demonstrate that the intervention protected against declines in employee self-reported safety compliance and organizational citizenship behaviors compared with employees in the control facilities. The hypothesized mediators of perceptions of family-supportive supervisor behaviors, control over work time, and work-family conflict (work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict) were not significantly improved by the intervention. However, baseline perceptions of family-supportive supervisor behaviors, control over work time, and work-family climate were significant moderators of the intervention effect on the self-reported safety compliance and organizational citizenship behavior outcomes.
Department of Psychology, Portland State University.
Leslie B
LB
Hammer
Department of Psychology, Ohio University.
Ryan C
RC
Johnson
Department of Psychology, Portland State University.
Tori L
TL
Crain
Department of Psychology, Portland State University.
Todd
T
Bodner
Krannert School of Management, Purdue University.
Ellen Ernst
EE
Kossek
Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University.
Kelly D
KD
Davis
Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota.
Erin L
EL
Kelly
Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University.
Orfeu M
OM
Buxton
RTI International, Research Triangle Park.
Georgia
G
Karuntzos
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
L Casey
LC
Chosewood
Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University.
Lisa
L
Berkman
D000328:Adult; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015279:Organizational Culture; D011897:Random Allocation; D012449:Safety; D012919:Social Behavior