Flat microliter membrane-based microbial fuel cell as "on-line sticker sensor" for self-supported in situ monitoring of wastewater shocks.
Novel flat membrane-based microbial fuel cell (MMFC) sensors were developed by compacting two filter membranes coated with carbon ink. High micro-porosity and hydrophilicity of membranes offered the distinct advantages of short acclimation period (couple hours), simple compact configuration with microliter size, and high sensitivity and stability. MMFC sensors were examined at two toxic shocks (chromium and nickel) in a batch-mode test chamber, and rapidly responded to shock types and concentrations. The variation of voltage output was correlated with open circuit potential (OCP). Filter membranes facilitated bacterial attachment and shortened acclimation. The MMFC sensors showed good reusability and recovered several days after toxic shocks. The robustness of MMFC sensors was validated through 1-month tests. The stability of sensor signals was examined with coefficient of variance (CV) statistical analysis. The flat microliter MMFC has a great potential as "on-line sticker sensor" for real time in situ monitoring of wastewater quality.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
Zhiheng
Z
Xu
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
Bingchuan
B
Liu
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
Qiuchen
Q
Dong
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
Yu
Y
Lei
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
Yan
Y
Li
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
Jian
J
Ren
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
Jeffrey
J
McCutcheon
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States. Electronic address: baikun@engr.uconn.edu.
Baikun
B
Li
D000064:Acclimatization; D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources / Q000382:microbiology*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002857:Chromium / Q000737:chemistry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry
D002857:Chromium; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009532:Nickel; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
Membrane; Microbial fuel cell; On line sticker biosensor; Open circuit potential (OCP); Wastewater shock