Chemiluminescence of creatinine/H2O2/Co(2+) and its application for selective creatinine detection.
Creatinine is an important biomarker in clinical diagnosis and biomonitoring programs as well as urinary metabolomic/metabonomics research. Current methods are either nonselective, time consuming or require heavy and expensive instruments. In this study, chemiluminescence of creatinine with hydrogen peroxide has been reported for the first time, and its chemiluminescence is remarkably enhanced in the presence of cobalt ions. By utilizing these phenomena, we have developed a sensitive and selective chemiluminescence method for creatinine determination by coupling with flow injection analysis. The calibration curve is linear in the range of 1×10(-7)-3×10(-5)mol/L with a limit of detection (S/N=3) of 7.2×10(-8)mol/L, which is adequate for detecting creatinine in the clinically accepted range. The relative standard deviation for seven measurements of 3×10(-5)mol/L creatinine is 1.2%. The chemiluminescence method was then utilized to detect creatinine in human urine samples after simple dilution with water. It takes less than 1min each measurement and the recoveries for spiked urine samples were 100-103%. The interference study demonstrates that some common species in urine, such as amino acids, ascorbic acid and creatine, have negligible effects on creatinine detection. The present method does not use expensive instruments, enzymes and separation technique. This method has the advantages of sensitivity, selectivity, simplicity, rapidity, and low cost. It holds great promise for basic or comprehensive metabolic panel, drug screening, anti-dopping, and urinary metabolomic/metabonomics research.
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China; Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Saima
S
Hanif
Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Peter
P
John
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China.
Wenyue
W
Gao
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China.
Muhammad
M
Saqib
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China.
Liming
L
Qi
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China. Electronic address: guobaoxu@ciac.ac.cn.
Guobao
G
Xu
D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D003035:Cobalt / Q000737:chemistry; D003404:Creatinine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D049449:Luminescence
D007477:Ions; D003035:Cobalt; D003404:Creatinine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
Chemiluminescence; Cobalt ions; Creatinine; Flow injection analysis; Hydrogen peroxide