EPA- and DHA-derived resolvins' actions in inflammatory bowel disease.
Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic diseases divided into two major forms, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, which are both associated with a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies have shown that the resolution of inflammatory conditions is a biosynthetically active process where new pro-resolution lipid mediators derived from omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), such as E- and D-series resolvins, protectins, and macrophage mediator in resolving inflammation (maresins), have potent anti-inflammatory activity and serve as specialised mediators that play an important role in the resolution of inflammation. Recent studies have also shown the role of resolvins in referred hyperalgesia associated with different inflammatory processes, such as the visceral pain caused by inflammatory bowel disease. There are many reports describing the principal effects of EPA- and DHA-derived mediators in experimental models of inflammatory bowel diseases. This review focuses on the recent studies on the important role played by pro-resolution lipid mediators in controlling the inflammatory process associated with inflammatory bowel diseases.
Centre of Innovation and Preclinical Studies (CIEnP), Av Luiz Boiteux Piazza 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88056-000, Brazil.
Raquel Cristina
RC
Schwanke
Centre of Innovation and Preclinical Studies (CIEnP), Av Luiz Boiteux Piazza 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88056-000, Brazil.
Rodrigo
R
Marcon
Centre of Innovation and Preclinical Studies (CIEnP), Av Luiz Boiteux Piazza 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88056-000, Brazil.
Allisson Freire
AF
Bento
Centre of Innovation and Preclinical Studies (CIEnP), Av Luiz Boiteux Piazza 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88056-000, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88049-900, Brazil. Electronic address: joao.calixto@cienp.org.br.
João B
JB
Calixto
D000818:Animals; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D059225:Nociception; D059265:Visceral Pain / Q000150:complications
D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Experimental models; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Omega-3 fatty acid; Pro-resolution; Resolvins