Prevalence of Metabolically Healthy Obese and Metabolically Obese but Normal Weight in Adults Worldwide: A Meta-Analysis.
The objective of the present study was to summarize the prevalence and influencing factors of metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically obese but normal weight (MONW) among people ≥ 18 years old in the general population worldwide. We searched for studies of the prevalence of MHO and MONW published in English and Chinese up to October 2013. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated by a random-effects model according to a Q test. The effects of gender, region, age, sample size, smoking, and alcohol consumption on MHO and MONW were analyzed. Differences between subgroups were assessed by chi-square test. Publication bias was estimated by Egger's test. Studies of MHO and MONW showed heterogeneity (I(2)=99.4% and I(2)=99.7%, respectively). The overall prevalence of MHO and MONW was 7.27% (95% CI 5.92-8.90%) and 19.98% (95% CI 16.54-23.94%), respectively. American populations had the highest MHO prevalence and European populations the highest MONW prevalence. Different patterns of MHO and MONW were observed in the subgroup analysis with respect to gender, age, sample size, smoking, alcohol consumption, and metabolically healthy criteria. The prevalence of both MHO and MONW were affected by gender, region, age, sample size, smoking, alcohol consumption, and metabolically healthy criteria, but studies showed high heterogeneity.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
B
B
Wang
School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
R
R
Zhuang
Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
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X
Luo
Department of Prevention and Health Care, Military Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
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L
Yin
Department of Prevention and Health Care, Military Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
C
C
Pang
Department of Prevention and Health Care, Military Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
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T
Feng
Department of Blood Transfusion, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, P. R. China.
H
H
You
Department of Public Health Surveillance and Advisory, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
Y
Y
Zhai
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
Y
Y
Ren
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
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L
Zhang
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
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L
Li
Department of Prevention and Health Care, Military Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
J
J
Zhao
Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
D
D
Hu
D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D017594:Publication Bias