Effect of surfactants or a water soluble polymer on the crystal transition of clarithromycin during a wet granulation process.
To generate products containing a stable form of clarithromycin (CAM) (form II) regardless of the initial crystal form of CAM or type of granulation solvent, the effects of five surfactants, or a water-soluble polymer (macrogol 400) were determined on the crystal transition of CAM. The metastable form (form I) was kneaded with water, after adding surfactants, or a water-soluble polymer. Form II was also kneaded with ethanol, after adding the same additives. The resulting samples were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction. Form I was completely converted to form II by a wet granulation using water with additives bearing polyoxyethylene chains such as polysorbate 80 (PS80), polyoxyl 40 stearate or macrogol 400. The granulation of the form II using ethanol with these additives did not result in a crystal transition to form I. Furthermore, CAM tablets were manufactured using granules with PS80, and these crystal forms and dissolution behaviors were investigated. As a result, the wet granulation of CAM with PS80 gave CAM tablets containing only form II and PS80 did not have any adverse effects on tablet characteristics. Therefore, these data suggests that the crystal form of CAM can be controlled to be form II using a wet granulation process with additives bearing polyoxyethylene chains regardless of the initial crystal form of CAM or type of granulation solvent.
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Pharmaceutical Development Department, Sawai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-30, Miyahara 5-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-0003, Japan.
Kenji
K
Nozawa
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
Yasunori
Y
Iwao
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
Shuji
S
Noguchi
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan. Electronic address: s-itai@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp.
Shigeru
S
Itai
D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003460:Crystallization; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004356:Drug Storage; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013607:Tablets / Q000737:chemistry; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D013607:Tablets; D014867:Water; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C000595213:polyethylene glycol 400; D017291:Clarithromycin
Clarithromycin; Crystal transition; Surfactant; Water-soluble polymer; Wet granulation