Phimosis with Preputial Fissures as a Predictor of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Adults.
Diabetes is usually asymptomatic in its early stage. Early diagnosis may improve outcomes by enabling initiation of treatment before end organ damage has progressed. The aim of this study was to determine whether the clinical sign of phimosis with preputial fissures is predictive of type 2 diabetes in patients not previously diagnosed with diabetes. Twenty-eight patients with acquired phimosis and preputial fissures were collected prospectively. Twenty-eight controls with acquired phimosis without preputial fissures were selected. Statistically significant differences were found in body mass index, random plasma glucose, glucosuria and glycosylated haemoglobin levels, but not in age, family history of diabetes, hypertension and classical hyperglycaemic symptoms. Diabetes was confirmed in all 28 patients in the preputial fissures group, but only 2 (7.1%) patients in the non-preputial fissures group (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, phimosis with preputial fissures may be a specific sign of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus.
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, , , Taiwan.
Yun-Ching
YC
Huang
Yao-Kuang
YK
Huang
Chih-Shou
CS
Chen
Alan W
AW
Shindel
Ching-Fang
CF
Wu
Jian-Hui
JH
Lin
Kuo-Hsiung
KH
Chiu
Tzu-Hsin
TH
Yang
Chung-Sheng
CS
Shi
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002944:Circumcision, Male; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D052816:Foreskin / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010688:Phimosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human