In silico analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of endophytic bacteria, isolated from the aerial parts and seeds of important agricultural crops.
Because of human population growth, increased food production and alternatives to conventional methods of biocontrol and development of plants such as the use of endophytic bacteria and fungi are required. One of the methods used to study microorganism diversity is sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, which has several advantages, including universality, size, and availability of databases for comparison. The objective of this study was to analyze endophytic bacterial diversity in agricultural crops using published papers, sequence databases, and phylogenetic analysis. Fourteen papers were selected in which the ribosomal 16S rRNA gene was used to identify endophytic bacteria, in important agricultural crops, such as coffee, sugar cane, beans, corn, soybean, tomatoes, and grapes, located in different geographical regions (America, Europe, and Asia). The corresponding 16S rRNA gene sequences were selected from the NCBI database, aligned using the Mega 5.2 program, and phylogenetic analysis was undertaken. The most common orders present in the analyzed cultures were Bacillales, Enterobacteriales, and Actinomycetales and the most frequently observed genera were Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Microbacterium. Phylogenetic analysis showed that only approximately 1.56% of the total sequences were not properly grouped, demonstrating reliability in the identification of microorganisms. This study identified the main genera found in endophytic bacterial cultures from plants, providing data for future studies on improving plant agriculture, biotechnology, endophytic bacterium prospecting, and to help understand relationships between endophytic bacteria and their interactions with plants.
Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, PR, Brasil.
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C
Bredow
Laboratório de Genética de Microrganismos "Prof. Dr. João Lúcio de Azevedo", Departamento de Genética (LGN).
J L
JL
Azevedo
Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, PR, Brasil.
J A
JA
Pamphile
Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, PR, Brasil.
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CA
Mangolin
Intituto Federal Catarinense, São Francisco do Sul, SC, Brasil.
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SA
Rhoden
D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D044822:Biodiversity; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000382:microbiology*; D060026:Endophytes; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005843:Geography; D010802:Phylogeny; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D012639:Seeds / Q000382:microbiology*
D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S