Higher-Order and Bifactor Models of the Drinking Motives Questionnaire.
The Drinking Motives Questionnaire, previously postulated and documented to exhibit a measurement structure of four correlated factors (social, enhancement, conformity, and coping), is a widely administered assessment of reasons for consuming alcohol. In the current study ( N = 552), confirmatory factor analyses tested the plausibility of several theoretically relevant factor structures. Fit indices corroborated the original four-factor model, and also supported a higher-order factor model involving a superordinate motives factor that explicated four subordinate factors. A bifactor model that permitted items to double load on valence type (positive or negative reinforcement) and source type (external or internal) generated mixed results, suggesting that this 2 × 2 motivation paradigm was not entirely tenable. Optimal fit was obtained for a bifactor model depicting a general factor and four specific factors of motives. Latent factors derived from this structure exhibited criterion validity in predicting frequency and quantity of alcohol usage in a structural equation model. Findings are interpreted in the context of theoretical implications of the instrument, alternative factor structures of drinking motives, and assessment applications.
1 University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
Andrew
A
Lac
2 Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA.
Candice D
CD
Donaldson
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000523:psychology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D012925:Social Conformity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
alcohol; bifactor analysis; drinking motives; factor analysis; higher-order factor analysis