Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia intestinalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Captive Non-Human Primates in Qinling Mountains.
Non-human primates (NHPs) are confirmed as reservoirs of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia intestinalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi. In this study, 197 fresh fecal samples from 8 NHP species in Qinling Mountains, northwestern China, were collected and examined using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method. The results showed that 35 (17.8%) samples were positive for tested parasites, including Cryptosporidium spp. (3.0%), G. intestinalis (2.0%), and E. bieneusi (12.7%). Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 6 fecal samples of Macaca mulatta, and were identified as C. parvum (n=1) and C. andersoni (n=5). Subtyping analysis showed Cryptosporidium spp. belonged to the C. andersoni MLST subtype (A4, A4, A4, and A1) and C. parvum 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) subtype IId A15G2R1. G. intestinalis assemblage E was detected in 3 M. mulatta and 1 Saimiri sciureus. Intra-variations were observed at the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), beta giardin (bg), and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) loci, with 3, 1, and 2 new subtypes found in respective locus. E. bieneusi was found in Cercopithecus neglectus (25.0%), Papio hamadrayas (16.7%), M. mulatta (16.3%), S. sciureus (10%), and Rhinopithecus roxellana (9.5%), with 5 ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genotypes: 2 known genotypes (D and BEB6) and 3 novel genotypes (MH, XH, and BSH). These findings indicated the presence of zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi in NHPs in Qinling Mountains. This is the first report of C. andersoni in NHPs. The present study provided basic information for control of cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, and microsporidiosis in human and animals in this area.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Shuai-Zhi
SZ
Du
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Guang-Hui
GH
Zhao
Xi'an Qinling Wildlife Park, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China.
Jun-Feng
JF
Shao
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Yan-Qin
YQ
Fang
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Ge-Ru
GR
Tian
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China.
Long-Xian
LX
Zhang
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China.
Rong-Jun
RJ
Wang
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China.
Hai-Yan
HY
Wang
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China.
Meng
M
Qi
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
San-Ke
SK
Yu
D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000469:parasitology*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D021862:Enterocytozoon / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D018419:Primate Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D011323:Primates / Q000145:classification / Q000469:parasitology
Cryptosporidium spp.; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Giardia intestinalis; Qinling Mountains; captive non-human primate