Embryonic stages in cerebellar afferent development.
The cerebellum is important for motor control, cognition, and language processing. Afferent and efferent fibers are major components of cerebellar circuitry and impairment of these circuits causes severe cerebellar malfunction, such as ataxia. The cerebellum receives information from two major afferent types - climbing fibers and mossy fibers. In addition, a third set of afferents project to the cerebellum as neuromodulatory fibers. The spatiotemporal pattern of early cerebellar afferents that enter the developing embryonic cerebellum is not fully understood. In this review, we will discuss the cerebellar architecture and connectivity specifically related to afferents during development in different species. We will also consider the order of afferent fiber arrival into the developing cerebellum to establish neural connectivity.
Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Rm129, BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada ; College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Manitoba Institute of Child Health (MICH), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada.
Maryam
M
Rahimi-Balaei
Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Rm129, BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada.
Pegah
P
Afsharinezhad
Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Rm129, BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada.
Karen
K
Bailey
Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Rm129, BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada.
Matthew
M
Buchok
Program in Physiology and Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
Behzad
B
Yeganeh
Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Rm129, BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada ; College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Manitoba Institute of Child Health (MICH), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada.
Hassan
H
Marzban
Cerebellar primordium; Climbing fiber; Mossy fiber; Neuromodulatory fiber