Jasmonic Acid, Abscisic Acid, and Salicylic Acid Are Involved in the Phytoalexin Responses of Rice to Fusarium fujikuroi, a High Gibberellin Producer Pathogen.
Fusarium fujikuroi, the causal agent of bakanae disease, is the main seedborne pathogen on rice. To understand the basis of rice resistance, a quantitative method to simultaneously detect phytohormones and phytoalexins was developed by using HPLC-MS/MS. With this method dynamic profiles and possible interactions of defense-related phytohormones and phytoalexins were investigated on two rice cultivars, inoculated or not with F. fujikuroi. In the resistant cultivar Selenio, the presence of pathogen induced high production of phytoalexins, mainly sakuranetin, and symptoms of bakanae were not observed. On the contrary, in the susceptible genotype Dorella, the pathogen induced the production of gibberellin and abscisic acid and inhibited jasmonic acid production, phytoalexins were very low, and bakanae symptoms were observed. The results suggested that a wide range of secondary metabolites are involved in plant defense against pathogens and phytoalexin synthesis could be an important factor for rice resistance against bakanae disease.
Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector (AGROINNOVA) and ‡Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino , Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
Ilenia
I
Siciliano
Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector (AGROINNOVA) and ‡Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino , Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
Greice
G
Amaral Carneiro
Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector (AGROINNOVA) and ‡Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino , Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
Davide
D
Spadaro
Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector (AGROINNOVA) and ‡Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino , Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
Angelo
A
Garibaldi
Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector (AGROINNOVA) and ‡Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino , Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
Maria Lodovica
ML
Gullino
D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005670:Fusarium / Q000502:physiology*; D018525:Germination; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000032:analysis; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D000094162:Phytoalexins
D003517:Cyclopentanes; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005419:Flavonoids; D005875:Gibberellins; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C099724:sakuranetin; C011006:jasmonic acid; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D020156:Salicylic Acid; D000094162:Phytoalexins
Fusarium fujikuroi; HPLC−MS/MS; bakanae disease; phytoalexins; phytohormones; rice