Genomic imprinting in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis: A review.
Genomic imprinting is a genetic process where only one allele of a particular gene is expressed in a parent-of-origin dependent manner. Epigenetic changes in the DNA, such as methylation or acetylation of histones, are primarily thought to be responsible for silencing of the imprinted allele. Recently, global CpG methylation changes have been identified in psoriatic skin in comparison to normal skin, particularly near genes known to be upregulated in psoriasis such as KYNU, OAS2, and SERPINB3. Furthermore, imprinting has been associated with multi-chromosomal human disease, including diabetes and multiple sclerosis. This paper is the first to review the clinical and genetic evidence that exists in the literature for the association between imprinting and general skin disorders, including atopic dermatitis and psoriatic disease. Atopy was found to have evidence of imprinting on chromosomes 6, 11, 14, and 13. The β subunit of the IgE receptor on chromosome 11q12-13 may be imprinted. Psoriatic disease may be related to imprinting effects on chromosome 6 for psoriasis and 16 for psoriatic arthritis.
University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 1001 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, United States. Electronic address: cathemn1@uci.edu.
Catherine M
CM
Nguyen
University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, 2340 Sutter St, Box 0808, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
Wilson
W
Liao
D000818:Animals; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D040941:Heredity; D006801:Humans; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
Atopic Dermatitis; Eczema; Epigenetics; Genomic Imprinting; Psoriasis; Psoriatic Arthritis