Neurons and T cells: Understanding this interaction for inflammatory neurological diseases.
Central nervous system (CNS) inflammation occurs in a large number of neurological diseases. The type and magnitude of CNS inflammation, as well as the T-cell contribution, vary depending on the disease. Different animal models of neurological diseases have shown that T cells play an important role in CNS inflammation. Furthermore, recent studies of human neurological disorders have indicated a significant role for T cells in disease pathology. Nevertheless, how individual T-cell subsets affect neuronal survival, damage and/or loss remains largely unclear. In this review we discuss the processes by which T cells mediate either beneficial or deleterious effects within the CNS, with emphasis on the direct interaction between T cells and neurons, as occurs in multiple sclerosis, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and viral encephalitis. The therapeutic approaches targeting T cells and their mediators as treatment for neurological diseases are also described here.
INSERM U1043 - CNRS UMR 5282, Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse, France.|Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.|Institute of Biomedical Sciences I, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Lidia
L
Yshii
INSERM U1043 - CNRS UMR 5282, Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse, France.|Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
Christina
C
Gebauer
INSERM U1043 - CNRS UMR 5282, Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse, France.|Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
Raphaël
R
Bernard-Valnet
INSERM U1043 - CNRS UMR 5282, Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse, France.|Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
Roland
R
Liblau
D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D009474:Neurons; D020362:Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
Autoimmunity; Central nervous system; Inflammation; Neurodegeneration; Neurons; T cells; Viral infection