Lactation and digestion in dairy cows fed ensiled total mixed ration containing steam-flaked or ground rice grain.
The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of feeding ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked (SF) or ground brown rice (Oryza satira L.; BR) on feed intake, lactation performance, digestion, ruminal fermentation and nitrogen (N) utilization in dairy cows. Eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in a crossover design with two dietary treatments: diets containing either SF or fine ground (FG) BR at 24% of dietary dry matter. Dietary treatment did not affect dry matter intake or milk yield and composition. The whole-tract digestibility of organic matter and fiber decreased, and the digestibility of starch increased with the replacement of SF with FG in ensiled TMR, but these differences were small between diets. Crude protein digestibility was not different between diets. The processing method of BR did not affect ruminal pH, total volatile acid concentration, or volatile fatty acid proportion in cows. The N intake, milk N secretion, fecal and urinary N excretion and N retention were not influenced by dietary treatment. These results show that feeding ensiled TMR containing FG instead of SF reduces fiber digestibility but has little impact on lactation and N utilization when diets contained 24% on a dry matter basis.
NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, Japan.
Makoto
M
Miyaji
Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan.
Hiroki
H
Matsuyama
D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003612:Dairying; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004063:Digestion; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D007774:Lactation; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza; D012417:Rumen / Q000502:physiology; D012820:Silage
D009584:Nitrogen
ensiled total mixed ration; lactating cow; processing method; rice grain