Polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera Improve Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Rats.
This study investigated the effects of polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera (PEP) on glucose metabolism in a rat model of diabetes mellitus (DM). PEP (0, 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to rats for four weeks. After treatment, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin (INS) levels were measured, and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. The morphopathological changes in the pancreas were observed. Serum samples were collected to measure the oxidant-antioxidant status. The mRNA expression levels of glucokinase (GCK) and insulin receptor (InsR) in liver tissue and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) and adiponectin (APN) in adipose tissue were determined. Compared with the model group, the FBG and INS levels were lower, the ISI was higher, and the number of islet β-cells was significantly increased in all the PEP groups. In the medium- and high-dose PEP groups, MDA levels decreased, and the enzymatic activities of SOD and GSH-Px increased. The mRNA expression of InsR and GCK increased in all the PEP groups; APN mRNA expression increased in the high-dose PEP group, and GLUT-4 mRNA expression increased in adipose tissue. These findings suggest that PEP is a potential therapeutic agent that can be utilized to treat DM.
Department of Nutrition and Health Care, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
Wenting
W
Lin
Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China ; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
Wenxiang
W
Wang
Department of Nutrition and Health Care, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
Dongdong
D
Liao
Department of Nutrition and Health Care, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
Damiao
D
Chen
Department of Nutrition and Health Care, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
Pingping
P
Zhu
Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan ; Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Environmental Research and Public Health, Nagasaki 2-1306-11, Japan.
Guoxi
G
Cai
Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
Aoyagi
A
Kiyoshi
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005941:Glucokinase; D011972:Receptor, Insulin