Trends in Exposure to Chemicals in Personal Care and Consumer Products.
Synthetic organic chemicals can be used in personal care and consumer products. Data on potential human health effects of these chemicals are limited-sometimes even contradictory-but because several of these chemicals are toxic in experimental animals, alternative compounds are entering consumer markets. Nevertheless, limited information exists on consequent exposure trends to both the original chemicals and their replacements. Biomonitoring (measuring concentrations of chemicals or their metabolites in people) provides invaluable information for exposure assessment. We use phthalates and bisphenol A-known industrial chemicals-and organophosphate insecticides as case studies to show exposure trends to these chemicals and their replacements (e.g., other phthalates, non-phthalate plasticizers, various bisphenols, pyrethroid insecticides) among the US general population. We compare US trends to national trends from Canada and Germany. Exposure to the original compounds is still prevalent among these general populations, but exposures to alternative chemicals may be increasing.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS F17, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. aic7@cdc.gov.
Antonia M
AM
Calafat
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS F19, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. lbv5@cdc.gov.
Liza
L
Valentin-Blasini
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS F53, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. xay5@cdc.gov.
Xiaoyun
X
Ye
D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D002170:Canada; D003257:Consumer Product Safety / Q000592:standards; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005858:Germany; D006795:Household Products / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D010226:Parabens / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D010968:Plasticizers / Q000032:analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003358:Cosmetics; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D007306:Insecticides; D010755:Organophosphates; D010226:Parabens; D010636:Phenols; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D010968:Plasticizers; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
Biomonitoring; Bisphenol; DINCH; Endocrine disruptors; Exposure; Insecticides; Pesticides; Phthalates