Development and validation of the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Satisfaction Questionnaire (GESQ).
OBJECTIVE
Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of the quality of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a specific patient satisfaction questionnaire for patients undergoing GI endoscopy--the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Satisfaction Questionnaire (GESQ).


METHODS
We developed and validated the GESQ within the context of a national multi-institution nurse endoscopy trial, based in secondary care, in three stages: (1) item generation with a panel of patients and professionals following a detailed literature review to identify the most relevant items from existing scales; (2) development and piloting of a draft questionnaire on a sample of patients referred for GI endoscopy; and (3) testing of the questionnaire within a large multicenter pragmatic randomized trial. We undertook psychometric analysis of the questionnaire to identify the underlying dimensions and assessed the questionnaire for reliability and validity.


RESULTS
The final version of the GESQ contains 21 items. Principal components analysis revealed four subscales with high internal consistency: skills and hospital (seven items; Cronbach's alpha 0.83), pain and discomfort during and after endoscopy (four items; Cronbach's alpha 0.84), information before endoscopy (five items; Cronbach's alpha 0.80), and information after endoscopy (five items; Cronbach's alpha 0.76).


CONCLUSIONS
The four identified subscales are clinically relevant and correspond to domains of patient satisfaction identified in previous studies. Our development and validation of the GESQ confirmed that it is a valid, reliable, interpretable, and acceptable tool to measure satisfaction in patients who have undergone a GI endoscopy.
College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
Hayley A
HA
Hutchings
College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
Wai-Yee
WY
Cheung
College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
Laith
L
Alrubaiy
Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
Dharmaraj
D
Durai
College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
Ian T
IT
Russell
College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
John G
JG
Williams
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011594:Psychometrics; D058996:Quality Improvement; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires