The short-term protective effects of lycopene on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
OBJECTIVE
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury may occur due to nephron-sparing surgery in patients with a solitary kidney or restricted renal parenchymas. Prophylactic agents do not always achieve their intended effects and may exhibit side effects. The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective effects of lycopene against hypoxia-induced renal damage.


METHODS
Twelve Wistar rats were used in the study. Female Wistar rats were divided into two groups of six rats each; the first group served as the control, and the second group was treated for two days with oral lycopene (4 mg/kg per day) before surgery. All Wistar rats were subjected to right nephrectomy and abdominal aorta clamping for 45 minutes to induce ischemia, followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. Blood samples were collected from all rats twice before surgery and 24-hours after surgery for analyses of serum urea, creatinine, sodium, and potassium levels. Left nephrectomies were performed following reperfusion. Then histopathological scores were estimated, and malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels in renal tissue samples were measured, and compared between groups.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences between the control, and the lycopene group with respect to postischemic urea, creatinine, or potassium levels. A significant difference between the groups was observed with respect to postischemic sodium levels (p=0.028). Pathological scores were higher in the control group than in the lycopene group (p<0.05). Mean tissue MDA levels in the control group were higher than in the lycopene group (p=0.055). The mean tissue GSH-Px levels were similar in the control, and lycopene groups. The mean GSH levels in the control group were higher than in the lycopene group (p>0.05). The mean tissue SOD levels were similar in the control, and lycopene groups. The mean CAT levels in the control group were higher than in the lycopene group (p>0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Lycopene may have a protective effect on the short-term biochemical and histopathological parameters following renal ischemia/perfusion injury.
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Abdulkadir
A
Pektaş
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Hakan
H
Gemalmaz
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Muharrem
M
Balkaya
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Cengiz
C
Ünsal
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Çiğdem
Ç
Yenisey
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Naciye
N
Kılıçarslan
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes Unıversity, Aydın, Turkey.
Nil
N
Çulhacı
Ischemia-reperfusion injury; lycopene; renal ischemia