Visualizing dopamine released from living cells using a nanoplasmonic probe.
We report the development of an ultrasensitive nanoplasmonic probe for discriminative detection and imaging of dopamine released from living cells. The sensing mechanism is based on the dopamine-induced seeded-growth of Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) that leads to the shift of the plasmon band. This platform allows for the detection of dopamine with a detection limit down to 0.25 pM within 1 min. This nanoplasmonic assay is further applied to visualize the release of dopamine from living rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells under ATP-stimulation with dark-field microscopy (DFM). The DFM results together with real time fluorescence imaging of PC12 cells stained with the Fluo calcium indicator, suggested that ATP stimulated-release of dopamine is concomitant with the Ca(2+) influx, and the influx of Ca(2+) is through ATP-activated channels instead of the voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel (VGC).
Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Centre, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China. lidi@sinap.ac.cn.
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Qin
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Wang
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Li
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Peng
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Xu
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Wang
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Shi
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Fan
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Li
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats
D006046:Gold; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium; D004298:Dopamine