The benefits of elective spinal implant removal: a retrospective study of 137 patients.
OBJECTIVE
While spinal instrumentations are becoming more common, the advantages of elective spinal implant removal remain ambiguous. We hypothesized that elective implant removal of the posterior spine is beneficial.


METHODS
A retrospective study evaluated 137 consecutive trauma patients with elective implant removal of the posterior spine. If additional cages were present, they were not removed. Primary outcomes were the change in pre- and post-operative pain, fingertip-floor distance (FFD), and Cobb angles. Some secondary outcomes consisted of complications, work disability, and pelvic incidence (PI). Different stabilization approaches and cage sizes were compared.


RESULTS
The presence and amount of pain as well as the FFD showed significant improvement. There was no loss of reduction. Delayed wound healing was observed in 9%, but only 3% needed revision. Thoracic fascial dehiscences were seen only in patients (9%) that had stand-alone posterior surgery. Larger cages were associated with increased work disability. An increased PI was associated with less post-operative pain and decreased FFD.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study, trauma patients benefited from elective implant removal of the posterior spine due to lower presence and level of pain, improved function and low revision rates; irrespective of an initial combined or stand-alone posterior approach or varying cage sizes. However, stand-alone posterior instrumentation may be accompanied by increased rates of fascial dehiscence surgeries and larger cages may lead to increased work disability. Increased PI may be associated with less pain after spinal implant removal.
Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland. thorsten.jentzsch@gmail.com.
Thorsten
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-3314
T
Jentzsch
Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
Vinicius
V
Gomes de Lima
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Burkhardt
B
Seifert
Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
Kai
K
Sprengel
Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
Clément M L
CM
Werner
D000328:Adult; D020878:Device Removal; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D004651:Employment; D000071938:Fasciotomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013529:Surgical Wound Dehiscence / Q000601:surgery
Cage size; Fascial dehiscences; Pain and fingertip-floor-distance; Pelvic incidence (PI); Trauma patients, spondylodesis and dorsal instrumentation