Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Remission: the Role of Mini Gastric Bypass/One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy at 1 Year of Follow-up. A European survey.
BACKGROUND
A retrospective study was undertaken to define the efficacy of both mini gastric bypass or one anastomosis gastric bypass (MGB/OAGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission in morbidly obese patients (pts).


METHODS
Eight European centers were involved in this survey. T2DM was preoperatively diagnosed in 313/3252 pts (9.62%). In 175/313 patients, 55.9% underwent MGB/OAGB, while in 138/313 patients, 44.1% received SG between January 2006 and December 2014.


RESULTS
Two hundred six out of 313 (63.7 %) pts reached 1 year of follow-up. The mean body mass index (BMI) for MGB/OAGB pts was 33.1 ± 6.6, and the mean BMI for SG pts was 35.9 ± 5.9 (p < 0.001). Eighty-two out of 96 (85.4%) MGB/OAGB pts vs. 67/110 (60.9%) SG pts are in remission (p < 0.001). No correlation was found in the % change vs. baseline values for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in relation to BMI reduction, for both MGB/OAGB or SG (ΔFPG 0.7 and ΔHbA1c 0.4 for MGB/OAGB; ΔFPG 0.7 and ΔHbA1c 0.1 for SG). At multivariate analysis, high baseline HbA1c [odds ratio (OR) = 0.623, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.419-0.925, p = 0.01], preoperative consumption of insulin or oral antidiabetic agents (OR = 0.256, 95% CI 0.137-0.478, p = <0.001), and T2DM duration >10 years (OR = 0.752, 95% CI 0.512-0.976, p = 0.01) were negative predictors whereas MGB/OAGB resulted as a positive predictor (OR = 3.888, 95% CI 1.654-9.143, p = 0.002) of diabetes remission.


CONCLUSIONS
A significant BMI decrease and T2DM remission unrelated from weight loss were recorded for both procedures if compared to baseline values. At univariate and multivariate analyses, MGB/OAGB seems to outperform significantly SG. Four independent variables able to influence T2DM remission at 12 months have been identified.
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Via S. Pansini 5, Building 12, 80131, Naples, Italy. mario.musella@unina.it.
Mario
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7669-5115
M
Musella
Leeuwarden Medical Center, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Jan
J
Apers
St. Franziskus Hospital, Cologne, Germany.
Karl
K
Rheinwalt
Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.
Rui
R
Ribeiro
AORN "A. Cardarelli", Naples, Italy.
Emilio
E
Manno
Clinica "Castelli", Bergamo, Italy.
Francesco
F
Greco
Břeclav Hospital, Břeclav, Czech Republic.
Michal
M
Čierny
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Via S. Pansini 5, Building 12, 80131, Naples, Italy.
Marco
M
Milone
AORN "G. Garibaldi", Catania, Italy.
Carla
C
Di Stefano
Leeuwarden Medical Center, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Sahin
S
Guler
St. Franziskus Hospital, Cologne, Germany.
Isa Mareike
IM
Van Lessen
Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.
Anabela
A
Guerra
AORN "A. Cardarelli", Naples, Italy.
Mauro Natale
MN
Maglio
Clinica "Castelli", Bergamo, Italy.
Riccardo
R
Bonfanti
Břeclav Hospital, Břeclav, Czech Republic.
Radoslava
R
Novotna
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Via S. Pansini 5, Building 12, 80131, Naples, Italy.
Guido
G
Coretti
AORN "G. Garibaldi", Catania, Italy.
Luigi
L
Piazza
D000328:Adult; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
Bariatric surgery; European multicenter survey; MGB/OAGB; Mini gastric bypass/one anastomosis gastric bypass; Remission; SG; Sleeve gastrectomy; T2DM; Type 2 diabetes mellitus