Antimicrobial biosynthetic potential and genetic diversity of endophytic actinomycetes associated with medicinal plants.
Endophytic actinomycetes are one of the primary groups that share symbiotic relationships with medicinal plants and are key reservoir of biologically active compounds. In this study, six selective medicinal plants were targeted for the first time for endophytic actinomycetes isolation from Gibbon Wild Life Sanctuary, Assam, India, during winter and summer and 76 isolates were obtained. The isolates were found to be prevalent in roots followed by stem and leaves. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed 16 genera, including rare genera, Verrucosispora, Isoptericola and Kytococcus, which have never been previously reported as endophytic. The genus Streptomyces (66%) was dominant in both seasons. Shannon's diversity index showed that Azadirachta indica (1.49), Rauwolfia serpentina (1.43) and Emblica officinalis (1.24) were relatively good habitat for endophytic actinomycetes. Antimicrobial strains showed prevalence of polyketide synthase (PKS) type-II (85%) followed by PKS type-I (14%) encoded in the genomes. Expression studies showed 12-fold upregulation of PKSII gene in seventh day of incubation for Streptomyces antibioticus (EAAG90). Our results emphasize that the actinomycetes assemblages within plant tissue exhibited biosynthetic systems encoding for important biologically active compounds.
Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India.
Anwesha
A
Gohain
Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India.
Animesh
A
Gogoi
Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India.
Rajal
R
Debnath
Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India.
Archana
A
Yadav
Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram 796004, India.
Bhim P
BP
Singh
Glyco-Biotechnology Group, Department of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91CF50, Ireland.
Vijai K
VK
Gupta
Centre for Bioinformatics Studies, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India.
Rajeev
R
Sharma
Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India rsaikia19@gmail.com.
Ratul
R
Saikia
D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000898:Antibiosis; D031601:Azadirachta / Q000382:microbiology; D044822:Biodiversity; D060026:Endophytes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D007194:India; D008848:Micromonosporaceae; D029842:Phyllanthus emblica / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000382:microbiology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000382:microbiology*; D048630:Polyketide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D011926:Rauwolfia / Q000382:microbiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000235:genetics; D013303:Streptomyces antibioticus / Q000235:genetics; D013559:Symbiosis
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D048630:Polyketide Synthases
16S rRNA gene; biosynthetic gene; endophytic actinomycetes; polyketide synthase