Inhibition of lung cancer cells A549 and H460 by curcuminoid extracts and nanoemulsions prepared from Curcuma longa Linnaeus.
The objectives of this study were to explore the inhibition mechanism of lung cancer cells A549 and H460 by curcuminoid extracts and nanoemulsions prepared from Curcuma longa Linnaeus. In addition, human bronchus epithelial cell line BEAS-2B (normal cell) was selected for comparison. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to separate and quantify the various curcuminoids in C. longa extract, including curcumin (1,714.5 μg/mL), demethoxycurcumin (1,147.4 μg/mL), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (190.2 μg/mL). A high-stability nanoemulsion composed of Tween 80, water, and curcuminoid extract was prepared, with mean particle size being 12.6 nm. The cell cycle was retarded at G2/M for both the curcuminoid extract and nanoemulsion treatments; however, the inhibition pathway may be different. H460 cells were more susceptible to apoptosis than A549 cells for both curcuminoid extract and nanoemulsion treatments. Growth of BEAS-2B remained unaffected for both the curcuminoid extract and nanoemulsion treatments, with a concentration range from 1 to 4 μg/mL. Also, the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 followed a dose-dependent increase for both A549 and H460 cells for both the treatments, accompanied by a dose-dependent increase in cytochrome C expression and a dose-dependent decrease in CDK1 expression. Interestingly, a dose-dependent increase in cyclin B expression was shown for A549 cells for both the treatments, while a reversed trend was found for H460 cells. Both mitochondria and death receptor pathways may be responsible for apoptosis of both A549 and H460 cells.
Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Hong-Bin
HB
Chang
Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Bing-Huei
BH
Chen
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry; D003474:Curcumin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D056744:Cyclin B1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036381:Diarylheptanoids; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004655:Emulsions; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
C534699:CCNB1 protein, human; D056744:Cyclin B1; D036381:Diarylheptanoids; D004655:Emulsions; D010936:Plant Extracts; C034786:bisdemethoxycurcumin; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; C528899:CDK1 protein, human; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D003474:Curcumin; C050229:demethoxycurcumin
Curcuma longa Linnaeus; apoptosis mechanism; cell cycle; curcuminoid extract; curcuminoid nanoemulsion; lung cancer cell