In vitro COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme inhibitory activities of iridoids from Penstemon barbatus, Castilleja tenuiflora, Cresentia alata and Vitex mollis.
A group of sixteen iridoids isolated from plants used as anti-inflammatory remedies in Mexican folk medicine were evaluated for their potential to inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes. From these assays, loganic acid (10) was identified as the most promising compound with both COX-1 (36.0 ± 0.6%) and COX-2 (80.8 ± 4.0%) inhibition at 10 μM. Compound 10 shows a better inhibition against the COX-2 enzyme. Other iridoids tested in the present study showed weak or no inhibition against these enzymes. Furthermore, herein are presented key interactions of iridoid 10 with COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes through molecular docking studies. These studies suggest that 10 exhibits anti-inflammatory activity due to COX inhibition.
Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
M Ángeles
MÁ
Ramírez-Cisneros
Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. Electronic address: myolanda@uaem.mx.
María Yolanda
MY
Rios
Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
A Berenice
AB
Aguilar-Guadarrama
School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada.
Praveen P N
PP
Rao
Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Rola
R
Aburto-Amar
Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Verónica
V
Rodríguez-López
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D039823:Iridoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D031670:Orobanchaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D032263:Penstemon / Q000737:chemistry*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D020950:Vitex / Q000737:chemistry*
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D039823:Iridoids; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
Cyclooxygenase-1; Cyclooxygenase-2; Iridoids; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Prostaglandin