A population-based study on the association between the intake of soft drinks and periodontal disease in Taiwanese adults aged 35-44 years (KCIS no. 33).
To elucidate the association between the intake of soft drinks and periodontal disease (PD) among Taiwanese middle-aged adults.



The cross-sectional design was employed to assess a dose-response relationship between the intake of soft drinks and PD after controlling for relevant confounding factors, with adjusted odds ratios obtained from a multivariate logistic regression model.



Keelung Community-based Integrated Screening (KCIS) programme, Keelung, Taiwan.



Participants (n 10 213) aged 35-44 years who had undergone oral checks for PD between 2005 and 2009.



A dose-response relationship between the intake of soft drinks and elevated risk for PD defined by community periodontal index ≥3 (the current status of PD) was noted (P=0·02 by trend test). Compared with infrequent intake of soft drinks (≤2 times/week), the adjusted OR increased from 1·05 (95 % CI 0·92, 1·20) for the frequency of 3-4 times/week to 1·17 (95 % CI 1·03, 1·34) for the frequency of ≥5 times/week. A similar trend (P<0·01) was also observed for PD defined by loss of attachment ≥1 (representing the long-term cumulative gum damage due to PD).



A dose-response relationship between the intake frequency of soft drinks and PD was observed in Taiwanese middle-aged adults. Such evidence could be used in health promotion to support reductions in soft drink intake.
1Department of Health Industry Management,College of Healthcare Management,Kainan University,Taoyuan,Republic of China.
Jean Ching-Yuan
JC
Fann
2QC Dental Clinic,Taipei,Republic of China.
Hongmin
H
Lai
5Department of Health Care Management,College of Management,Chang Gung University,Taoyuan,Republic of China.
Sherry Yueh-Hsia
SY
Chiu
4School of Oral Hygiene,College of Oral Medicine,Taipei Medical University,Taipei,Republic of China.
Amy Ming-Fang
AM
Yen
4School of Oral Hygiene,College of Oral Medicine,Taipei Medical University,Taipei,Republic of China.
Sam Li-Sheng
SL
Chen
6Division of Biostatistics,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine,College of Public Health,National Taiwan University,Room 533,No. 17 Hsuchow Road,Taipei 100,Republic of China.
Hsiu-Hsi
HH
Chen
D000328:Adult; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
Community periodontal index; Loss of attachment; Periodontal disease; Soft drinks