title: Impact of Enzymatic and Microbial Bioprocessing on Protein Modification and Nutritional Properties of Wheat Bran.
abstract: Besides providing dietary fiber, wheat bran is a recognized source of protein and is considered a very valuable substitute for other protein-rich sources in the food and feed industry. Nonetheless, several factors affect protein bioavailability, including bran's layered structure. This study showed the influence on the release and protein modification of wheat bran of different bioprocessing methods involving the activation of endogenous enzymes of bran, the addition of an enzyme mixture having carbohydrase activity, and microbial fermentation. Bioprocessing in acidic conditions significantly enhanced the solubilization of protein from wheat bran, reaching the highest value in the treatment where the sole endogenous protease activity was activated. Bioprocessing through controlled fermentation allowed a more intense proteolysis and strongly impacted the in vitro digestibility of proteins. The combined use of starter cultures and cell-wall-degrading enzymes was characterized by the highest increase of phytase activity and total phenols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arte
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari , Via G. Amendola 165/a, Bari 70126, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Rizzello
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari , Via G. Amendola 165/a, Bari 70126, Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verni
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland , P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nordlund
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Kati
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katina
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coda
mesh_terms: D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D004063:Digestion; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry*; D052196:Levilactobacillus brevis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004718:Saccharomycetales / Q000378:metabolism*; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010940:Plant Proteins; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C019822:carbohydrase
keywords: bioprocessing; bran; phytase activity; protein; proteolysis