title: Clinical comparison of two different plating methods in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for clavicular midshaft fractures: A randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes between two different plating methods (superior vs. anteroinferior) in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for acute displaced clavicular shaft fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized controlled trial was performed in a single centre. Nineteen patients were treated with superior plating and 18 with anteroinferior plating using the MIPO technique. A 3.5-mm locking reconstruction plate was bent preoperatively and applied to either the anteroinferior or superior aspect of the clavicle through two separate incisions. The operating time, time to union, the proportional length difference, complications, and functional outcome of the shoulder joint were evaluated using the Constant score and the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant difference in the Constant score and UCLA score. The mean time to union was 16.8 weeks for superior plating and 17.1 weeks for anteroinferior plating (p=0.866). The average operation time was 77.2min in superior plating and 79.4min in anteroinferior plating (p=0.491). One patient in the superior plating group showed plate failure. Despite no significant difference, one patient had nonunion in the superior plating group (p>0.999).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From a clinical perspective, although MIPO with anteroinferior plating provides better outcomes especially in complications without statistically significant difference, both plating methods provided satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level I, a single-centre, prospective, randomized controlled trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hoon-Sang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shon
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hagine@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Kyung-Hag
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Si-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D002968:Clavicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018579:Patient Selection; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Anteroinferior plating; Clavicular midshaft fracture; MIPO; Superior plating