title: Preclinical pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion studies of a novel anti-candidal agent-thiosemicarbazide derivative of isoniazid (TSC-INH) by validated UPLC-MS/MS assay.
abstract: A simple and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS assay was developed and validated for rapid determination of thiosemicarbazide derivative of isoniazid (TSC-INH), a potent anti-candidal agent in rat plasma, tissues, urine and feces. All biological samples were prepared by protein precipitation method using celecoxib as an internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was achieved on Acquity BEH™ C18 (50×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column using gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) at flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The MRM transitions were monitored at m/z 305.00→135.89 for TSC-INH and m/z 380.08→316.03 for IS in ESI negative mode. All validation parameter results were within the acceptable range described in guideline for bioanalytical method validation. The pharmacokinetic study showed that the compound TSC-INH was orally active with 66% absolute bioavailability in rats. It was rapidly absorbed with peak plasma concentration of 1985.92 ng/mL achieved within 1 h after single oral dose (10 mg/kg) administration. TSC-INH exhibited rapid distribution across the body with highest levels in liver and lungs. Penetration in brain tissues suggests that TSC-INH crossed the blood brain barrier. Only 5.23% of the orally administered drug was excreted as unconverted form in urine and feces implying that TSC-INH was metabolized extensively before excretion. With the preliminary knowledge of in vivo pharmacokinetics and disposition properties, this study will be beneficial for further development of compound TSC-INH in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box No. 2457 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Bioavailability Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box No.2457 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: muziqbal@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Muzaffar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box No. 2457 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Bioavailability Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box No.2457 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Essam
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ezzeldin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box No. 2457 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mashooq A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box No.2457 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raish
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box No. 2457 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Al-Rashood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012663:Semicarbazides / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012663:Semicarbazides; C005151:thiosemicarbazide; D007538:Isoniazid
keywords: Candidiasis; Excretion; Pharmacokinetics; TSC-INH; Tissue distribution; UPLC–MS/MS