title: Cardiac index after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction measured with phase-contrast cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Phase-contrast CMR (PC-CMR) might provide a fast and robust non-invasive determination of left ventricular function in patients after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cine sequences in the left-ventricular (LV) short-axis and free-breathing, retrospectively gated PC-CMR were performed in 90 patients with first acute STEMI and 15 healthy volunteers. Inter- and intra-observer agreement was determined. The correlations of clinical variables (age, gender, ejection fraction, NT pro-brain natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP] with cardiac index (CI) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For CI, there was a strong agreement of cine CMR with PC-CMR in healthy volunteers (r: 0.82, mean difference: -0.14 l/min/m(2), error ± 23 %). Agreement was lower in STEMI patients (r: 0.61, mean difference: -0.17 l/min/m(2), error ± 32 %). In STEMI patients, CI measured with PC-CMR showed lower intra-observer (1 % vs. 9 %) and similar inter-observer variability (9 % vs. 12 %) compared to cine CMR. CI was significantly correlated with age, ejection fraction and NT-proBNP values in STEMI patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The agreement of PC-CMR and cine CMR for the determination of CI is lower in STEMI patients than in healthy volunteers. After acute STEMI, CI measured with PC-CMR decreases with age, LV ejection fraction and higher NT-proBNP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Cine CMR and PC-CMR correlate well in healthy volunteers. • Agreement is lower in STEMI patients. • Cardiac Output should be measured with one method longitudinally. • Cardiac output decreases with age after myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. gert.klug@tirol-kliniken.at.
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Klug
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Sebastian Johannes
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Reinstadler
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Hans-Josef
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Feistritzer
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kremser
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Johannes P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Schwaiger
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reindl
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mair
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayr
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Wolfgang-Michael
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Metzler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001011:Aorta / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000072657:ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Age; Cardiac index; Cine CMR; Phase-contrast CMR; ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction