title: Physical Activity and Lung Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate the association between lifetime physical activity and risk of lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted in southern Brazil. Case subjects were recruited from oncology services of 4 hospitals. Control subjects were selected from the same hospitals, but from different services (traumatology and emergency). Both case subjects (n = 81) and control subjects (n = 168) were interviewed using a questionnaire about sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric information and family history of cancer. Control subjects were matched to case subjects according to sex and age (± 5 years). Detailed information on smoking was collected. Physical activity was measured using the Lifetime Physical Activity Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the case subjects, 89% were either current or former smokers; among control subjects, this value was 57%. Participants in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of all-domains physical activity had odds ratios of 0.54 (95% CI, 0.21-1.40), 0.25 (95% CI, 0.08-0.72), and 0.24 (95% CI, 0.07-0.83) for lung cancer, compared with the lowest quartile, after adjusting for confounding. In the fully adjusted models, leisure-time physical activity was not associated with lung cancer risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lifetime all-domains physical activity may reduce the risk of lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Laura Resem
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Brizio
authors.forename: Pedro C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hallal
authors.forename: I-Min
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Marlos Rodrigues
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Domingues
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires