title: [Inducing effects of different microenvironments on the differentiation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells into neuron-like cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of different microenvironments on the differentiation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into neuron-like cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mouse iPSCs were cultured in suspension and became embryoid bodies (EBs), and then the EBs were randomly divided into all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) group, brain slice co-culture group, and brain tissue homogenate supernatant group. The above three groups were induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells. Morphological changes were observed under an inverted microscope. Immunofluorescence staining technology was used for cell identification. The expressions of nestin, microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three different culture conditions could all induce mouse iPSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells. These neuron-like cells could be marked by neuron markers like nestin and MAP2. The levels of nestin, MAP2 and GFAP proteins in the ATRA group were significantly higher than those in both the brain slice co-culture group and the brain tissue homogenate supernatant group, but there was no significant difference between the brain slice co-culture group and the brain tissue homogenate supernatant group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both brain slice microenvironment and brain tissue homogenate supernatant can induce the differentiation of mouse iPSCs into neuron-like cells, but the effect is inferior to ATRA.
authors.affiliation: Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, China.
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, China.
authors.forename: Keli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, China.
authors.forename: Fuqing
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D051379:Mice; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D064231:Nestin / Q000032:analysis; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D055153:Stem Cell Niche; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C079240:Mtap2 protein, mouse; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C577485:Nes protein, mouse; D064231:Nestin; C528900:glial fibrillary astrocytic protein, mouse; D014212:Tretinoin