title: Microbial diversity in a submarine carbonate edifice from the serpentinizing hydrothermal system of the Prony Bay (New Caledonia) over a 6-year period.
abstract: Active carbonate chimneys from the shallow marine serpentinizing Prony Hydrothermal Field were sampled 3 times over a 6 years period at site ST09. Archaeal and bacterial communities composition was investigated using PCR-based methods (clone libraries, Denaturating Gel Gradient Electrophoresis, quantitative PCR) targeting 16S rRNA genes, methyl coenzyme M reductase A and dissimilatory sulfite reductase subunit B genes. Methanosarcinales (Euryarchaeota) and Thaumarchaea were the main archaeal members. The Methanosarcinales, also observed by epifluorescent microscopy and FISH, consisted of two phylotypes that were previously solely detected in two other serpentinitzing ecosystems (The Cedars and Lost City Hydrothermal Field). Surprisingly, members of the hyperthermophilic order Thermococcales were also found which may indicate the presence of a hot subsurface biosphere. The bacterial community mainly consisted of Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Alpha-, Gamma-, Beta-, and Delta-proteobacteria and of the candidate division NPL-UPA2. Members of these taxa were consistently found each year and may therefore represent a stable core of the indigenous bacterial community of the PHF chimneys. Firmicutes isolates representing new bacterial taxa were obtained by cultivation under anaerobic conditions. Our study revealed diverse microbial communities in PHF ST09 related to methane and sulfur compounds that share common populations with other terrestrial or submarine serpentinizing ecosystems.
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Postec
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quéméneur
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Méline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bes
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benaïssa
authors.affiliation: Institut pour la Recherche et le Développement Centre de Nouméa Nouméa-Nouvelle-Calédonie, France.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Payri
authors.affiliation: Institut pour la Recherche et le Développement Centre de Nouméa Nouméa-Nouvelle-Calédonie, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.affiliation: Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, Université de Toulouse/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/IRD Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Monnin
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110 Marseille, France ; Institut pour la Recherche et le Développement Centre de Nouméa Nouméa-Nouvelle-Calédonie, France.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guentas-Dombrowsky
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ollivier
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7154 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gérard
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7154 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pisapia
authors.affiliation: Institut de Minéralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condensés, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris, France.
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gérard
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7154 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ménez
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Gaël
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erauso
keywords: Prony; alkaline; hydrothermal; microbial communities; serpentinization