title: Bioactive versus bare platinum coils for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bioactive coils were introduced in 2002 in an attempt to improve aneurysm healing and durability of angiographic results. Evidence demonstrating superior efficacy to justify the routine use of bioactive coils over bare coils is limited. We compared the periprocedural and clinical outcome after bioactive and bare platinum coiling for intracranial aneurysms.
  
  
  METHODS
  MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Knowledge Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing bioactive and bare coils. The methodological quality was evaluated to assess bias risk. Periprocedural outcomes and mid-term outcomes were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five independent RCTs comparing bioactive (n=1084) and bare coils (n=1084) were identified. Periprocedural outcome was similar for both groups. Bioactive coiling increased the rate of complete aneurysm occlusion (47% vs 40%; RR 1.17 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.31); p=0.006) and reduced the rate of residual aneurysm neck at 10 months compared with bare coiling in the mid-term (26% vs 31%; RR 0.82 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.96); p=0.01). There were no differences in aneurysm recurrence, aneurysm rupture, stroke, neurological death, modified Rankin Scale score and reinterventions. Subgroup analysis for the three RCTs on hydrogel coils demonstrated reduction of residual aneurysms compared with bare coiling (25% vs 34%; RR 0.76 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.99); p=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bioactive coils ensure a higher rate of medium-term complete aneurysm occlusion while reducing the rate of residual neck aneurysms compared with bare coiling in the mid-term. Hydrogel coils reduce residual aneurysms compared with bare coils. While there is level 1a evidence to show more complete aneurysm occlusion, longer term follow-up is needed to determine if this translates into clinical significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Joris A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Broeders
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Usama
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ahmed Ali
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular and Neuroradiology Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Molyneux
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Neurointerventional Cath Lab MSW Hospital, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Poncyljusz
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Laboratory of Interventional Neuroradiology Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Notre-Dame Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raymond
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
authors.forename: Phillip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Steinfort
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000628:therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010984:Platinum; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D010984:Platinum
keywords: Aneurysm; Bioactive; Coil