title: Effect of gadolinium on hepatic fat quantification using multi-echo reconstruction technique with T2* correction and estimation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether hepatic fat quantification is affected by administration of gadolinium using a multiecho reconstruction technique with T2* correction and estimation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients underwent the investigational sequence for hepatic fat quantification at 3.0T MRI once before and twice after administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine (0.1 mmol/kg). A one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance with pairwise comparisons was conducted to evaluate the systematic bias of fat fraction (FF) and R2* measurements between three acquisitions. Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the agreements between pre- and post-contrast FF measurements in the liver. A P value <0.05 indicated statistically significant difference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FF measurements of liver, spleen and spine revealed no significant systematic bias between the three measurements (P > 0.05 for all). Good agreements (95 % confidence interval) of FF measurements were demonstrated between pre-contrast and post-contrast1 (-0.49 %, 0.52 %) and post-contrast2 (-0.83 %, 0.77 %). R2* increased in liver and spleen (P = 0.039, P = 0.01) after administration of gadolinium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although under the impact of an increased R2* in liver and spleen post-contrast, the investigational sequence can still obtain stable fat quantification. Therefore, it could be applied post-contrast to substantially increase the efficiency of MR examination and also provide a backup for the occasional failure of FF measurements pre-contrast.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Fat quantification with IDEAL-based investigational sequence remains stable after gadolinium administration. • It can be integrated into tri-phase liver MRI without adding scan time. • This helps optimize MR protocols and provides more useful information for clinicians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, #5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
authors.forename: Mingmei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, #5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, #5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, #5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, #5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
authors.forename: Xiangfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, #5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China. wuxinhuai_100700@126.com.
authors.forename: Xinhuai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D013154:Spleen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: Fat quantification; Gadopentetate dimeglumine; IDEAL; Multiecho reconstruction; T2* correction