title: Partnering with patients using social media to develop a hypertension management instrument.
abstract: Hypertension is a lifelong condition; thus, long-term adherence to lifestyle modification, self-monitoring, and medication regimens remains a challenge for patients. The aim of this study was to develop a patient-reported hypertension instrument that measured attitudes, lifestyle behaviors, adherence, and barriers to hypertension management using patient-reported outcome data. The study was conducted using the Open Research Exchange software platform created by PatientsLikeMe. A total of 360 participants completed the psychometric phase of the study; incomplete responses were obtained from 147 patients, and 150 patients opted out. Principal component analysis with orthogonal (varimax) rotation was executed on a data set with all completed responses (N = 249) and applied to 43 items. Based on the review of the factor solution, eigenvalues, and item loadings, 16 items were eliminated and model with 29 items was tested. The process was repeated two more times until final model with 14 items was established. In interpreting the rotated factor pattern, an item was said to load on any given component if the factor loading was ≥0.40 for that component and was <0.40 for the other. In addition to the newly generated instrument, demographic and self-reported clinical characteristics of the study participants such as the type of prescribed hypertension medications, frequency of blood pressure monitoring, and comorbid conditions were examined. The Open Research Exchange platform allowed for ongoing input from patients through each stage of the 14-item instrument development.
authors.affiliation: Villanova University, College of Nursing, Villanova, PA, USA. Electronic address: Tamara.kear@villanova.edu.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kear
authors.affiliation: PatientsLikeMe, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.affiliation: Villanova University, College of Nursing, Villanova, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
mesh_terms: D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010358:Patient Participation; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D061108:Social Media; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Assessment tool; blood pressure; patient-reported outcomes; social networking