title: A prospective randomized comparative study of cold forceps polypectomy by using narrow-band imaging endoscopy versus cold snare polypectomy in patients with diminutive colorectal polyps.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A previous study reported that cold snare polypectomy (CSP) was superior to cold forceps polypectomy (CFP) for the removal of diminutive colorectal polyps (DCPs) (≤5 mm) when the techniques were assessed for completeness of resection. However, completeness is expected to be greater with CFP when strict investigation of the remnant polyp is performed. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of CFP with narrow-band imaging (NBI) evaluation of polypectomy sites for removal of DCPs, compared with CSP.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial at a tertiary-care referral hospital. Of the 380 patients screened, 146 patients with 231 DCPs were enrolled. CFP was used to resect DCPs until no remnant polyp was visible by NBI endoscopy. The primary noninferiority endpoint was histologic eradication of polyps, with a noninferiority margin of -10%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A size of >3 mm was seen in 129 polyps (55.8%). The overall rates of histologic eradication were 90.5% in the CFP group and 93.0% in the CSP group (difference, 2.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -9.67 to 4.62). However, when confined to the polyps >3 mm, the histologic eradication rate was 86.8% and 93.4% (95% CI, -17.2 to 3.6), respectively. Polyp size, histology, location, and time taken for polypectomy did not differ between the groups. The failure rate of tissue retrieval was higher in the CSP than in the CFP group (7.8% vs 0.0%, respectively; P =.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, >90% of all DCPs were completely resected by using CFP with NBI evaluation of polypectomy sites, showing noninferiority compared with CSP. However, in polyps measuring >3 mm, CFP failed to show noninferiority versus CSP. CFP appears to be the proper method for resection of DCPs 1 to 3 mm in size if no remnant polyp is visible by NBI endoscopy, but CFP is likely to be insufficient for larger polyps. (
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT02201147.).
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bong Min
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Pil
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Sung
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062048:Narrow Band Imaging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D047368:Tumor Burden