title: Semantic and phonological contributions to short-term repetition and long-term cued sentence recall.
abstract: The function of verbal short-term memory is supported not only by the phonological loop, but also by semantic resources that may operate on both short and long time scales. Elucidation of the neural underpinnings of these mechanisms requires effective behavioral manipulations that can selectively engage them. We developed a novel cued sentence recall paradigm to assess the effects of two factors on sentence recall accuracy at short-term and long-term stages. Participants initially repeated auditory sentences immediately following a 14-s retention period. After this task was complete, long-term memory for each sentence was probed by a two-word recall cue. The sentences were either concrete (high imageability) or abstract (low imageability), and the initial 14-s retention period was filled with either an undemanding finger-tapping task or a more engaging articulatory suppression task (Exp. 1, counting backward by threes; Exp. 2, repeating a four-syllable nonword). Recall was always better for the concrete sentences. Articulatory suppression reduced accuracy in short-term recall, especially for abstract sentences, but the sentences initially recalled following articulatory suppression were retained better at the subsequent cued-recall test, suggesting that the engagement of semantic mechanisms for short-term retention promoted encoding of the sentence meaning into long-term memory. These results provide a basis for using sentence imageability and subsequent memory performance as probes of semantic engagement in short-term memory for sentences.
authors.affiliation: Baycrest Centre, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada. jmeltzer@research.baycrest.org.|Departments of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S, Canada. jmeltzer@research.baycrest.org.
authors.forename: Jed A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-1901
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.affiliation: Baycrest Centre, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Nathan S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.affiliation: Baycrest Centre, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deschamps
authors.affiliation: Baycrest Centre, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Rosie C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Leigh
authors.affiliation: Baycrest Centre, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Panamsky
authors.affiliation: Baycrest Centre, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silberberg
authors.affiliation: Baycrest Centre, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Noushin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Madani
authors.affiliation: Baycrest Centre, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Kira A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Links
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D057567:Memory, Long-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D010700:Phonetics; D012660:Semantics; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cued recall; Long-term memory; Phonological; Semantic; Sentence repetition; Short-term memory; Working memory