title: Insights into the Genetic Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes from Genome-Wide Association Studies of Obesity-Related Traits.
abstract: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are common and complex metabolic diseases, which are caused by an interchange between environmental and genetic factors. Recently, a number of large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our knowledge of the genetic architecture and biological mechanisms of these diseases. Currently, more than ~250 genetic loci have been found for monogenic, syndromic, or common forms of T2D and/or obesity-related traits. In this review, we discuss the implications of these GWAS for obesity and T2D, and investigate the overlap of loci for obesity-related traits and T2D, highlighting potential mechanisms that affect T2D susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 7BN, Oxford, UK. tugce.karaderi@well.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Tugce
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karaderi
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 7BN, Oxford, UK. alexd@well.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Alexander W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Drong
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 7BN, Oxford, UK. celi@broadinstitute.org.|Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. celi@broadinstitute.org.|Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. celi@broadinstitute.org.
authors.forename: Cecilia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lindgren
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D056426:Genetic Loci; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin
keywords: Adiponectin; Beta-cell function; Body mass index; Fat distribution; Fat percent; Genome-wide association study; Insulin resistance; Leptin; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Obesity; Pericardial fat; Sexual dimorphism; Subcutaneous fat; Type 2 diabetes; Visceral fat; Waist-to-hip ratio