title: Insights into the degradation of chlorimuron-ethyl by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia D310-3.
abstract: In this study, the effects of cultivation conditions on the degradation of chlorimuron-ethyl by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia D310-3, which exhibits a high chlorimuron-ethyl-degrading capability, were investigated. To improve the biodegradation efficiency, the cultivation conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design (BBD). The maximum biodegradation rate (89.9%) was obtained at the optimal conditions (culture time, 6 d; substrate concentration, 50.21 mg L(-1); pH, 5.95; temperature, 30.15 °C). The Andrews model was used to describe the dynamic change regularity of the specific degradation rate as the substrate concentration increased, and the values of the maximum specific degradation rate (q(max)), half-saturation constant (K(S)) and inhibition constant (K(i)) were 78.87 d(-1), 9180.97 mg L(-1) and 0.28 mg L(-1), respectively. Eight degradation products were captured and identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, and three possible degradation pathways are proposed based on the results of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), LC-MS and FTIR analyses as well as results reported in relevant literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic study of the degradation pathway of chlorimuron-ethyl by S. maltophilia D310-3. This study provides valuable information for further exploration of the microbial degradation of other sulfonylurea herbicides.
authors.affiliation: College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
authors.forename: Hailian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.affiliation: College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
authors.forename: Tongyang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of First Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaosong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China. Electronic address: chunyanli@neau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D007700:Kinetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; C112343:chlorimuron ethyl
keywords: Biodegradation pathway; Chlorimuron-ethyl; LC-MS; Response surface methodology; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia