title: Alteration of Plant Primary Metabolism in Response to Insect Herbivory.
abstract: Plants in nature, which are continuously challenged by diverse insect herbivores, produce constitutive and inducible defenses to reduce insect damage and preserve their own fitness. In addition to inducing pathways that are directly responsible for the production of toxic and deterrent compounds, insect herbivory causes numerous changes in plant primary metabolism. Whereas the functions of defensive metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenes, and glucosinolates have been studied extensively, the fitness benefits of changes in photosynthesis, carbon transport, and nitrogen allocation remain less well understood. Adding to the complexity of the observed responses, the feeding habits of different insect herbivores can significantly influence the induced changes in plant primary metabolism. In this review, we summarize experimental data addressing the significance of insect feeding habits, as related to herbivore-induced changes in plant primary metabolism. Where possible, we link these physiological changes with current understanding of their underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the potential fitness benefits that host plants receive from altering their primary metabolism in response to insect herbivory.
authors.affiliation: Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research (S.Z., Y.-R.L., V.T., G.J.) and School of Integrated Plant Sciences (S.Z., Y.-R.L.), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
authors.forename: Shaoqun
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3643-7875
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research (S.Z., Y.-R.L., V.T., G.J.) and School of Integrated Plant Sciences (S.Z., Y.-R.L.), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
authors.forename: Yann-Ru
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4716-4323
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research (S.Z., Y.-R.L., V.T., G.J.) and School of Integrated Plant Sciences (S.Z., Y.-R.L.), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
authors.forename: Vered
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5912-779X
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tzin
authors.affiliation: Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research (S.Z., Y.-R.L., V.T., G.J.) and School of Integrated Plant Sciences (S.Z., Y.-R.L.), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 gj32@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9675-934X
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jander
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D060434:Herbivory / Q000502:physiology*; D007313:Insecta / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009584:Nitrogen