title: Motor development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare both global and specific domains of motor development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with that of typically developing children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred children (50 children with clinical diagnoses of ADHD, according to the DSM-IV-TR and 150 typically developing controls), aged 5 to 10 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. The Motor Development Scale was used to assess fine and global motricity, balance, body schema, and spatial and temporal organization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between-group testing revealed statistically significant differences between the ADHD and control groups for all domains. The results also revealed a deficit of nearly two years in the motor development of children with ADHD compared with the normative sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study shows that ADHD is associated with a delay in motor development when compared to typically developing children. The results also suggested difficulties in certain motor areas for those with ADHD. These results may point to plausible mechanisms underlying the relationship between ADHD and motor difficulties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Movement, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, BR.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rosa Neto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Motor Behavior, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Juliana B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Goulardins
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, AU.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rigoli
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, AU.
authors.forename: Jan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Piek
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Motor Behavior, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Jorge A de
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001828:Body Image; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013037:Spatial Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric