title: Neural immune modulation and immunotherapy assisted by focused ultrasound induced blood-brain barrier opening.
abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) has long been regarded as an immune-privileged site, with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limiting the entering of systemic immune cells and components. Exposure of low-energy focused ultrasound (FUS) with the presence of microbubbles has been found to provide a temporary and targeted opening of the BBB without inflicting brain damage or inflammation, and is thus an attractive means of delivering CNS therapeutic agents and raising the potential for targeted CNS immunotherapy. Based on our recent studies on enhancing brain-tumor immune-related therapy via this mechanism, (1) we summarize current approaches using FUS-induced BBB opening to promote immune regulation and project potential directions for FUS-induced CNS immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery ; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine; Chang Gung University ; Taoyuan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pin-Yuan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery ; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine; Chang Gung University ; Taoyuan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuo-Chen
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: b Department of Electrical Engineering ; Chang Gung University ; Taoyuan , Taiwan.|c Medical Imaging Research Center; Institute for Radiological Research; Chang Gung University; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital ; Taoyuan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hao-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*
keywords: blood-brain barrier; focused ultrasound; immune modulation; immunotherapy