title: Potential effects of vildagliptin on biomarkers associated with prothrombosis in diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the risks linked with susceptibility of thrombosis. We tried to inspect the effect of a novel oral antidiabetic agent, vildagliptin, in preventing prothrombosis associated with DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  DM was produced by a dose of streptozotocin (STZ) or in albino wistar rats. Rats were treated orally with pioglitazone, standard treatment and vildagliptin alone and in combination for 3 weeks. Finally, the varied levels of coagulation biomarkers, including activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT) and fibrinogen and inflammatory parameters, nitric oxide (NO), C-reactive protein (CRP) and TNF-α and lipid profile were estimated along with platelet count and total leukocyte count (TLC). In vitro fibrinolytic activity of both the drugs was also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vildagliptin significantly reduced cholesterol, triglycerides, TLC, CRP and TNF-α and increased aPTT and NO levels in STZ diabetic rats. However, pioglitazone was more successful in reducing fibrinogen and platelet count. Nevertheless, combination of the drugs was also effective than pioglitazone or vildagliptin alone in improvising hypercoagulation and inflammatory biomarkers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is evident from the present study that vildagliptin has an influence on the biomarkers linked to the progression of thrombosis and may delay thrombogenesis linked to DM. Hence, vildagliptin alone and in combination might prove as an encouraging therapy for DM-linked thrombosis marked by inflammation and hypercoagulation.
authors.affiliation: a 1 M. Pharm Research Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi- 110062, India.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: b 2 M.Pharm Research Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi- 110062, India.
authors.forename: Saba
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: c 3 Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi- 110062, India.
authors.forename: Bibhu Prasad
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Panda
authors.affiliation: d 4 Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi- 110062, India aknajmi@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohd
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.affiliation: d 4 Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi- 110062, India aknajmi@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Abul Kalam
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Najmi
mesh_terms: D000218:Adamantane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D010976:Platelet Count; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000077597:Vildagliptin
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D009570:Nitriles; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D013311:Streptozocin; D005340:Fibrinogen; D000077597:Vildagliptin; D000218:Adamantane; D000077205:Pioglitazone
keywords: coagulation markers; diabetes mellitus; hypercoagulation; pioglitazone; thrombosis; vildagliptin