title: The SIGN Nail: Factors in a Successful Device for Low-Resource Settings.
abstract: Surgeons in low-resource settings manage an increasing number of patients presenting with high-energy fractures. The number of surgeons and the operating time available are frequently not adequate to treat these fractures in a timely manner. A common cause of delay in treating fractures is waiting for the patient to accumulate sufficient funding to pay for the surgery, including the surgical implant. The donation of the SIGN intramedullary nail interlocking screw system obviates a major delay in timing of surgery. The SIGN intramedullary nail has been designed to be used in low-resource settings as it can be placed without fluoroscopy or electricity. The SIGN-trained surgeons are very skillful in hand reaming the canal, placing the nail, and interlocking screws without fluoroscopy. As more is learned about fracture healing, the SIGN system continues to evolve. The SIGN system is expanding to include deformity correction and soft tissue coverage.
authors.affiliation: *Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; and †SIGN Fracture Care International, Richland, WA.
authors.forename: Billy Thomson
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Haonga
authors.forename: Lewis G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Zirkle
mesh_terms: D001858:Bone Nails / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006295:Health Resources / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007391:International Cooperation; D008297:Male; D011203:Poverty; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography; D012307:Risk Factors; D013636:Tanzania; D014481:United States