title: Does exposure to aircraft noise increase the mortality from cardiovascular disease in the population living in the vicinity of airports? Results of an ecological study in France.
abstract: The impact of aircraft noise on health is of growing concern. We investigated the relationship between this exposure and mortality from cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. We performed an ecological study on 161 communes (commune being the smallest administrative unit in France) close to the following three major French airports: Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Lyon Saint-Exupéry, and Toulouse-Blagnac. The mortality data were provided by the French Center on Medical Causes of Death for the period 2007-2010. Based on the data provided by the French Civil Aviation Authority, a weighted average exposure to aircraft noise (L den AEI) was computed at the commune level. A Poisson regression model with commune-specific random intercepts, adjusted for potential confounding factors including air pollution, was used to investigate the association between mortality rates and L den AEI. Positive associations were observed between L den AEI and mortality from cardiovascular disease [adjusted mortality rate ratio (MRR) per 10 dB(A) increase in L den AEI = 1.18; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.25], coronary heart disease [MRR = 1.24 (1.12-1.36)], and myocardial infarction [MRR = 1.28 (1.11-1.46]. Stroke mortality was more weakly associated with L den AEI [MRR = 1.08 (0.97-1.21]. These significant associations were not attenuated after the adjustment for air pollution. The present ecological study supports the hypothesis of an association between aircraft noise exposure and mortality from cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and myocardial infarction. However, the potential for ecological bias and the possibility that this association could be due to residual confounding cannot be excluded.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment (UMRESTTE), Université de Lyon, Lyon, Transport, Health and Safety Department of the French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks (IFSTTAR), Bron, Université Lyon 1, UMRESTTE, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Sophie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Evrard
authors.forename: Liacine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bouaoun
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Champelovier
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laumon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000401:Aircraft; D059028:Airports; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D002423:Cause of Death; D055669:Ecological and Environmental Phenomena; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009624:Noise, Transportation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis