title: Immune response to Hepatitis B vaccine in patients with celiac disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: It is debated whether patients with celiac disease (CD) have non-protective antibody responses to HBV vaccination more frequently than non-affected subjects. To perform a literature review and meta-analysis on protective response to HBV vaccination in CD patients. RCTs and observational controlled studies were eligible. Outcome of interest was an anti-HBs (HBsAb) titer ≥ 10 IU/L after last vaccine dose. Comparative index was rate ratio (RR). Heterogeneity between studies was addressed and funnel plots were analyzed. Meta-regression models were applied to investigate effect size due to study-specific variables. Twelve retrospective studies on a total of 1,447 participants and 4 prospective studies on 184 subjects were selected. The RR was 0.732 (95% C.I.: 0.664-0.808) and 0.777 (95% C.I.: 0.629-0.960) in the prospective and retrospective studies, respectively. The I(2), indicating heterogeneity, was 51.1% in retrospective, 39.8% in prospective studies. Non-protective antibody responses occurred more frequently in patients than controls. Due to limitations in the available studies, additional trials to evaluate post-vaccination HBsAb titer in CD patients are needed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Diagnostics ; Section of Immunology; University of Verona ; Verona , Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Opri
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medicine ; Section of Hematology; University of Verona ; Verona , Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Veneri
authors.affiliation: c Infectious Diseases; University of Padua ; Padua , Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mengoli
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pathology and Diagnostics ; Section of Immunology; University of Verona ; Verona , Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zanoni
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines
keywords: HBsAb; celiac disease; hepatitis B; immune response; meta-analysis; review; vaccination