title: Nitrogen in Hydroponic Growing Medium of Tomato Affects the Demographic Parameters of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
abstract: We evaluated the effects of different nitrogen levels (380, 310, 240, and 174 ppm) on the life history parameters of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on hydroponically cultured tomato plants. Our data show that there is a positive correlation between the nitrogen content and the demographic parameters, as the intrinsic rate of increase of T. vaporariorum was the lowest (0.059 ± 0.007 day(-1)) at 174 ppm and the highest (0.088 ± 0.005 day(-1)) at 380 ppm of nitrogen. The net reproduction rate (R 0), finite rate of increase (λ), and mean developmental time (T) were significantly influenced by the nitrogen levels. The mean longevity of males and females showed a positive relationship with the nitrogen level, ranging from 64.8 ± 3.96 to 76.3 ± 2.44 for males and 61.6 ± 5.35 to 71.2 ± 2.44 for females, observed in the lowest and highest nitrogen levels, respectively. The relationship between nitrogen fertilization and T. vaporariorum management on tomato crops is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Plant Protection, Fac of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina Univ, Hamedan, Iran.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Dept of Plant Protection, Fac of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina Univ, Hamedan, Iran. hmadadi@basu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madadi
authors.affiliation: Dept of Plant Protection, Fac of Agriculture, Ferdowsi Univ of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Dept of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Univ of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delshad
authors.affiliation: Dept of Horticultural Science, Fac of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina Univ, Hamedan, Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dashti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005308:Fertilizers; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000254:growth & development*; D018527:Hydroponics; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Greenhouse whiteflies; life table; nitrogen level; survival; tomato