title: Oxidative stress, bioelements and androgen status in testes of rats subacutely exposed to cadmium.
abstract: The objective of our study was to examine testicular toxicity of cadmium (Cd), focusing on oxidative stress (OS), essential metals and androgenic status and morphological changes. Male Wistar rats [controls and four Cd-subgroups (n = 6) organized according to the exposure (1, 3, 10 and 21 days)] were intraperitoneally (i.p.) treated with 1 mg CdCl2/kg/day. Testicular Cd deposition was noticed from the 1st day. After 10 and 21 days, copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) increased by 60-109% and 43-67%, respectively, while zinc (Zn) decreased by 24-33%. During 1-21 days of the exposure, decrease in testicular total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activities occurred gradually by 30-78% and 15-84%, respectively, while superoxide anion radical (O2(-)) increased gradually by 114-271%. After 10-21 days, decrease in testicular catalase (CAT) activity appeared by 13-31%. After 21 days, malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased by 44% and the ratio of oxidized glutathione/reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH) increased by 130% in testes of the rats exposed to Cd. Additionally, decreased testicular testosterone level and the relative testes mass, along with induced microscopic and macroscopic changes were occured, what can be explained as the consequence of instantly developed OS, impaired essential metals status and Cd testicular deposition.
authors.affiliation: Department for Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Djuric
authors.affiliation: Department for Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Begic
authors.affiliation: Department for Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Borko
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gobeljic
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stanojevic
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Milica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ninkovic
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vojvodic
authors.affiliation: Department for Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pantelic
authors.affiliation: Department for Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia.
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zebic
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prokic
authors.affiliation: Military Medical Center "Karaburma", Severni bulevar 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Bratislav
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dejanovic
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stojanovic
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 9, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pavlica
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 9, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dusan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Djukic
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saso
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Djurdjevic
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction, Fertility and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Milos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pavlovic
authors.affiliation: Department for Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Topic
authors.affiliation: Department for Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vujanovic
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stevnovic
authors.affiliation: Department for Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: mirjana.djukic.cipa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Djukic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002104:Cadmium; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Bio-metals; Cadmium; Oxidative stress; Testicular toxicity; Testosterone