title: Effect of Spinosad Resistance on Transmission of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus by the Western Flower Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).
abstract: Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is transmitted by Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in a persistent-propagative manner. We previously observed significant results in terms of feeding behavior of spinosad-susceptible (Ivf03) and -resistant (Spin-R) strains of F. occidentalis using electrical penetration graph. TSWV transmission by the two strains was compared in the present study. The results showed that the titer of TSWV-N RNA (a part of S RNA of TSWV and encoding the nucleocapsid protein) in Ivf03 and Spin-R strains was not significantly different after a 48-h inoculation access period. The TSWV transmission rate did not significantly differ between the two strains and was 51.0% for Ivf03 and 44.4% for Spin-R. The virus transmission rate was significantly higher for males than females of both strains. The virus transmission rate for males and females of Ivf03 was 68.1 and 33.8%, respectively; however, in case of Spin-R, it was 60 and 28.8% for males and females, respectively. Additionally, number of probes and duration of probes were generally greater for viruliferous females of Ivf03 than for viruliferous females of Spin-R but the total number and duration of noningestion probes did not significantly differ between males of the two strains. The latter finding behavior may help explain the similar transmission rates for the susceptible and resistant strains.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pesticide Science, Agriculture University of Hunan, Changsha, P. R. China (lxyzww@126.com; zhouxm1972@126.com), Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China (zhibao090102@163.com; xiewen@caas.cn; xubaoyun@caas.cn; zhangyoujun@caas.cn; wangshaoli@caas.cn; wuqingjun@caas.cn), These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors (lxyzww@126.com; zhibao090102@163.com).
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China (zhibao090102@163.com; xiewen@caas.cn; xubaoyun@caas.cn; zhangyoujun@caas.cn; wangshaoli@caas.cn; wuqingjun@caas.cn), These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors (lxyzww@126.com; zhibao090102@163.com), Department of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China (zhibao090102@163.com; weiguoshu03@aliyun.com) and.
authors.forename: Yanran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China (zhibao090102@163.com; xiewen@caas.cn; xubaoyun@caas.cn; zhangyoujun@caas.cn; wangshaoli@caas.cn; wuqingjun@caas.cn).
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China (zhibao090102@163.com; xiewen@caas.cn; xubaoyun@caas.cn; zhangyoujun@caas.cn; wangshaoli@caas.cn; wuqingjun@caas.cn).
authors.forename: Baoyun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China (zhibao090102@163.com; xiewen@caas.cn; xubaoyun@caas.cn; zhangyoujun@caas.cn; wangshaoli@caas.cn; wuqingjun@caas.cn).
authors.forename: Youjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China (zhibao090102@163.com; xiewen@caas.cn; xubaoyun@caas.cn; zhangyoujun@caas.cn; wangshaoli@caas.cn; wuqingjun@caas.cn).
authors.forename: Shaoli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China (zhibao090102@163.com; weiguoshu03@aliyun.com) and.
authors.forename: Guoshu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pesticide Science, Agriculture University of Hunan, Changsha, P. R. China (lxyzww@126.com; zhouxm1972@126.com).
authors.forename: Xiaomao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China (zhibao090102@163.com; xiewen@caas.cn; xubaoyun@caas.cn; zhangyoujun@caas.cn; wangshaoli@caas.cn; wuqingjun@caas.cn), wuqingjun@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Qingjun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000821:virology*; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009758:Nymph / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D061149:Thysanoptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology*; D017865:Tospovirus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; C415329:spinosad
keywords: Frankliniella occidentalis; electrical penetration graph; feeding behavior; spinosad resistance; virus transmission ability