title: Modeling and experimental validation of hydrodynamics in an ultrasonic batch reactor.
abstract: Simulation of hydrodynamics in ultrasonic batch reactor containing immobilized enzymes as catalyst is done. A transducer with variable power and constant frequency (24 kHz) is taken as source of ultrasound (US). Simulation comprises two steps. In first step, acoustic pressure field is simulated and in second step effect of this field on particle trajectories is simulated. Simulation results are compared with experimentally determined particle trajectories using PIV Lab (particle image velocimetry). Effect of varying ultrasonic power, positioning and number of ultrasonic sources on particle trajectories is studied. It is observed that catalyst particles tend to orientate according to pattern of acoustic pressure field. An increase in ultrasonic power increases particle velocity and also brings more particles into motion. Simulation results are found to be in agreement with experimentally determined data.
authors.affiliation: University of Technology Hamburg, Institute of Process and Plant Engineering, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 4 (C), 21073 Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: muhammad.ajmal@tu-harburg.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ajmal
authors.affiliation: University of Technology Hamburg, Institute of Process and Plant Engineering, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 4 (C), 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rusli
authors.affiliation: University of Technology Hamburg, Institute of Process and Plant Engineering, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 4 (C), 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fieg
mesh_terms: D055162:Biocatalysis; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D000441:Hexanols / Q000737:chemistry; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D013010:Sonication; D013696:Temperature; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D000441:Hexanols; D019301:Oleic Acid; C093667:Novozyme 435; D008049:Lipase
keywords: Enzymes; Esterification; Hydrodynamic; Sonotrode; Ultrasound