title: Toxicities of the anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint antibodies.
abstract: Immune checkpoint antibodies that augment the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 pathway have demonstrated antitumor activity across multiple malignancies, and gained recent regulatory approval as single-agent therapy for the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma and nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Knowledge of toxicities associated with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, as well as effective management algorithms for these toxicities, is pivotal in order to optimize clinical efficacy and safety. In this article, we review selected published and presented clinical studies investigating single-agent anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and trials of combination approaches with other standard anticancer therapies, in multiple tumor types. We summarize the key adverse events reported in these studies and their management algorithms.
authors.affiliation: Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore jarushka_14@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Naidoo
authors.affiliation: Providence Portland Medical Center and Earl A. Chiles Research Institute, Portland.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Page
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Connell
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lacouture
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Postow
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wolchok
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology*; D005076:Exanthema / Q000139:chemically induced; D005221:Fatigue / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
keywords: adverse event; anti-PD-1; anti-PD-L1; immune checkpoint antibody; toxicity