title: Recurrent miscarriage is associated with the dopamine receptor (DRD2) genotype.
abstract: The purpose of this research is to compare the prevalence of dopamine receptor D2 polymorphisms in women with recurrent miscarriage (RM) and healthy patients. Fifty-four women were enrolled in this case-control study. We performed DNA extraction of peripheral blood, followed by polymerase chain reaction to confirm single-strand polymorphisms and to sequence two polymorphisms: polymorphism 1 (rs6275) and polymorphism 2 (rs6277) in exon 7 of the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2). The frequency of DRD2 polymorphism 2 (rs6277) was increased in the subjects with RM. An analysis of the DRD2 genotypes demonstrated an odds ratio of 2.37 (1.05-5.36, 95% confidence interval) for the polymorphism 2 (rs6277) in RM. The mean of the serum prolactin level was higher in the patients with RM (12.5 ng/ml) than in healthy women (8.1 ng/ml) p = 0.03. An excess homozygosity of the DRD2 polymorphism suggests a genetic predisposition to RMs, which could result in a mild serum prolactin increase. Thus, because of the potential role of prolactin in reproductive regulation, this polymorphism could play an important role in early pregnancy implantation and pregnancy maintenance.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
authors.forename: João Paolo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bilibio
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
authors.forename: Úrsula
authors.initials: Ú
authors.lastname: Matte
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Conto
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
authors.forename: João Sabino
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cunha-Filho
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C581293:DRD2 protein, human; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D011388:Prolactin
keywords: Abortion; dopamine receptor D2; polymorphism; prolactin; recurrent miscarriage