title: The Assessment of Oral Microflora Exposed to 3% Ethanolic Extract of Brazilian Green Propolis Preparation Used for Hygiene Maintenance following Minor Oral Surgeries.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a topically administered hygienic preparation containing a 3% ethanolic extract of Brazilian green propolis (EEP-B) on oral microflora spectrum changes in a group of patients who underwent common oral surgery procedures. Two gel samples were compared: the tested gel containing an active ingredient, that is, a 3% EEP-B (gel GA), and a placebo as the negative control (gel GC). The collection of microbiological material included 14 patients requiring surgical extraction of wisdom molars and short endosseous implant installation. Clinical examinations were carried out as follow-up, that is, baseline and after 5-6 weeks' time. During the first and subsequent assessment, swabs were taken from the mucosal surface. The number of microorganism species was found to have increased following the application of GC gel over the period of 5-6 weeks. This mainly affected Gram-positive rods and bacilli as well as Gram-negative rods. Application of the GA gel enriched with 3% EEP-B caused a profound reduction in the amount of Neisseria spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. strains. Elimination of seven species of microorganisms was observed: Streptococcus acidominimus, Streptococcus oralis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Veillonella parvula, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, and Lactobacillus acidophilus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Plac Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morawiec
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mertas
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Microbiology and Virology, School of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Wojtyczka
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Plac Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Niedzielska
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Plac Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Arkadiusz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dziedzic
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Plac Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bubiłek-Bogacz
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Plac Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sender
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Plac Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wróbel
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Plac Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanasiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University in Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wesołowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Król
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D011429:Propolis / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D011429:Propolis