title: Targeted and ultrasound-triggered cancer cell injury using perfluorocarbon emulsion-loaded liposomes endowed with cancer cell-targeting and fusogenic capabilities.
abstract: This study investigated the targeting and ultrasound-triggered injury of cancer cells using anticancer drug-free liposomes that contained an emulsion of perfluoropentane (ePFC5) and were co-modified with avidin as a targeting ligand for cancer cells and the hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ) envelope to promote liposome fusion with the cells. These liposomes are designated as ePFC5-loaded avidin/HVJ liposomes. ePFC5-loaded liposomes were sensitized to ultrasound irradiation. Liposomes modified with avidin alone (avidin liposomes) showed binding to MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, and liposomes modified with HVJ envelope alone (HVJ liposomes) were found to fuse with MCF-7 cells. The irradiation of MCF-7 cells with 1 MHz ultrasound (30s, 1.2 W/cm(2), duty ratio 30%) combined with ePFC5-loaded avidin/HVJ liposomes resulted in a decrease in cell viability at 1h after irradiation to 43% of that of controls without ultrasound irradiation or liposomes. The cell viability was lower than that of cells treated with ultrasound irradiation with ePFC5-loaded avidin liposomes or ePFC5-loaded HVJ liposomes. This indicates that co-modification of liposome with avidin and HVJ envelope could enhance ultrasound-induced cell injury in the presence of ePFC5-loaded liposomes.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Yamato
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan. Electronic address: ktkenji@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan. Electronic address: nshimizu@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D001360:Avidin / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004655:Emulsions; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D029082:Sendai virus / Q000378:metabolism; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves; D014835:Volatilization; D010420:Pentanes
chemical_list: D001360:Avidin; D004655:Emulsions; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D008081:Liposomes; C008806:perfluoropentane; D010420:Pentanes
keywords: Avidin; Cancer cells; HVJ envelope; Liposome; Perfluorocarbon; Ultrasound