title: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in children due to hypervirulent strains PCR-ribotype 027: An emblematic report of two cases.
abstract: In this report, the first two cases of pediatric Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) due to the hypervirulent PCR-ribotype 027 in Italy are described as emblematic of the role of both the infecting C. difficile strain and patient status in the occurrence and clinical manifestation of CDI in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: patrizia.spigaglia@iss.it.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spigaglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbanti
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Elio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castagnola
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pathology Laboratory Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bandettini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D021521:Ribotyping; D014774:Virulence
keywords: Antibiotics; C. difficile; Children; GVHD; HSCT; PCR-ribotype 027