title: A Demonstration Project in New York and Virginia: Retrofitting Cost-Effective Roll-over Protective Structures (CROPS) on Tractors.
abstract: The NIOSH cost-effective roll-over protective structure (CROPS) demonstration project sought to determine whether three prototype roll-over protective structures (ROPS) designed to be retrofitted on Ford 8N, Ford 3000, Ford 4000, and Massey Ferguson 135 tractors could be installed in the field and whether they would be acceptable by the intended end users (farmers). There were a total of 50 CROPS. demonstrators (25 in New York and 25 in Virginia), with 45 observers attending the New York CROPS demonstrations and 36 observers attending the Virginia CROPS demonstrations, for a total of 70 participants in New York and 61 in Virginia. The oldest retrofitted tractors were 77 to 62 years old, while the newest retrofitted tractors were 40 to 37 years old. The most frequently retrofitted tractor in the CROPS demonstration project was a Ford 3000 series tractor (n = 19; 38%), followed by Ford 4000 (n = 11; 22%), Massey Ferguson 135 (n = 11; 22%), and Ford 8N (n = 9; 18%). A major issue of CROPS retrofitting was the rear wheel fenders. The effort involved in disassembling the fenders (removing the old bolts was often faster by cutting them with a torch), modifying the fender mounting brackets, and then reinstalling the fenders with the CROPS generally required the most time. In addition, various other semi-permanent equipment attachments, such as front-end loaders, required additional time and effort to fit with the CROPS. Demonstrators were asked to rank the reasons why they had not retrofitted their tractors with ROPS until they had enrolled in the CROPS demonstration program. ROPS "cost too much" was ranked as the primary reason for participants in both states (80% for New York and 88% for Virginia). The second highest ranked reasons were "ROPS wasn't available" for Virginia (80%) and "hassle to find ROPS" for New York (69%). The third highest ranked reasons were "not enough time to find ROPS" for New York (67%) and "hassle to find ROPS" for Virginia (79%). All demonstrators and observers indicated that they were glad to have participated in the CROPS project.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hard
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cantis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sorensen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bayes
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Madden
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wyckoff
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maass
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000383:Agriculture / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004869:Equipment Safety / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009314:National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. / Q000592:standards; D009518:New York; D011482:Protective Devices / Q000191:economics; D014481:United States; D014768:Virginia