title: A chest drainage system with a real-time pressure monitoring device.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tube thoracostomy is a common procedure. A chest bottle may be used to both collect fluids and monitor the recovery of the chest condition. The presence of the "tidaling phenomenon" in the bottle can be reflective of the extent of patient's recovery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  However, current practice essentially depends on gross observation of the bottle. The device used here is designed for a real-time monitoring of change in pleural pressure to allow clinicians to objectively determine when the lung has recovered, which is crucially important in order to judge when to remove the chest tube.
  
  
  METHODS
  The device is made of a pressure sensor with an operating range between -100 to +100 cmH2O and an amplifying using the "Wheatstone bridge" concept. Recording and analysis was performed with LABview software. The data can be shown in real-time on screen and also be checked retrospectively. The device was connected to the second part of a three-bottle drain system by a three-way connector.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The test animals were two 40-kg pigs. We used a thoracoscopic procedure to create an artificial lung laceration with endoscopic scissors. Active air leaks could result in vigorous tidaling phenomenon up to 20 cmH2O. In the absence of gross tidaling phenomenon, the pressure changes were around 0.25 cmH2O.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This real-time pleural pressure monitoring device can help clinicians objectively judge the extent of recovery of the chest condition. It can be used as an effective adjunct with the current chest drain system.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 3 Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 4 Department of General Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 5 Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 3 Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 4 Department of General Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 5 Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsang-Pai
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 3 Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 4 Department of General Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 5 Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ho
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 3 Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 4 Department of General Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 5 Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tung-Sung
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 3 Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 4 Department of General Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 5 Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Chang
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 3 Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 4 Department of General Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ; 5 Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
keywords: Tube thoracostomy; pleural effusion; pneumothorax