title: Characteristics of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in Geneva during colonization or infection.
abstract: This study determined the antibiotic susceptibility profile and genetic mechanisms of β-lactam resistance in 27 clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated at the University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using Etest and the disc diffusion method in accordance with CLSI guidelines. All of the strains were defined as multi-drug resistant (MDR) and were susceptible to colistin and moderately susceptible to tigecycline. Uniplex PCR assays were used to detect the following β-lactamase genes: four class D carbapenem-hydrolysing oxacillinases (blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24 and blaOXA-58), four class B metallo-β-lactamases genes (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaSPM and blaNDM) and two class A carbapenemases (blaKPC and blaGES). All of the strains were positive for blaOXA-51 (intrinsic resistance), 14/27 strains carried blaOXA-23, 2/27 strains carried a blaOXA-24-like gene, and 4/27 strains had a blaOXA-58 gene. blaGES-11 was found in three strains, and NDM-1-harbouring strains were identified in three patients. All of the A. baumannii isolates were typed by rep-PCR (DiversiLab) and excluded any clonality. Altogether, this analysis suggests a very high genetic diversity of imported MDR A. baumannii.
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Lab, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. abdessalam.cherkaoui@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: Abdessalam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cherkaoui
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Lab, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. stephane.emonet@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Emonet
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Lab, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. gesuele.renzi@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: Gesuele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Renzi
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Lab, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. jacques.schrenzel@hcuge.ch.|Genomic Research Laboratory, Service of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. jacques.schrenzel@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schrenzel
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D058889:Molecular Typing; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase