title: Spontaneous malformations of the cerebellar vermis: Prevalence, inheritance, and relationship to lobule/fissure organization in the C57BL/6 lineage.
abstract: The complex neuronal circuitry of the cerebellum is embedded within its lamina, folia, and lobules, which together play an important role in sensory and motor function. Studies in mouse models have demonstrated that both cerebellar lamination and lobule/fissure development are under genetic control. The cerebellar vermis of C57BL/6 mice exhibits spontaneous malformations of neuronal migration of posterior lobules (VIII-IX; molecular layer heterotopia); however, the extent to which other inbred mice also exhibit these malformations is unknown. Using seven different inbred mouse strains and two first filial generation (F1) hybrids, we show that only the C57BL/6 strain exhibits heterotopia. Furthermore, we observed heterotopia in consomic and recombinant inbred strains. These data indicate that heterotopia formation is a weakly penetrant trait requiring homozygosity of one or more C57BL/6 alleles outside of chromosome 1 and the sex chromosomes. Additional morphological analyses showed no relationship between heterotopia formation and other features of lobule/fissure organization. These data are relevant toward understanding normal cerebellar development and disorders affecting cerebellar foliation and lamination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, United States.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Van Dine
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, United States.
authors.forename: N Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Siu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, United States.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, United States.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cuoco
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT 06514, United States.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Betz
authors.affiliation: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12201, United States.
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Bolivar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, United States.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, United States. Electronic address: rramos02@nyit.edu.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ramos
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D065814:Cerebellar Vermis / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000254:growth & development*; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D054220:Malformations of Cortical Development / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C501485:Mlh1 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1
keywords: C57BL/6; cerebellum; foliation; heterotopia; malformation