title: Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality, and Markers of Subclinical Arterial Disease in Healthy Men and Women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Short and long sleep duration are associated with increased risk of clinical cardiovascular events, but the association between sleep duration and subclinical cardiovascular disease is not well established. We examined the association between sleep duration and sleep quality with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) in a large sample of young and middle-aged asymptomatic adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study of adult men and women who underwent a health checkup examination, including assessment of sleep duration and quality and coupled with either CAC (n=29 203) or brachial-ankle PWV (n=18 106). The multivariate-adjusted CAC score ratios (95% confidence interval) comparing sleep durations of ≤5, 6, 8, and ≥9 hours with 7 hours of sleep were 1.50 (1.17-1.93), 1.34 (1.10-1.63), 1.37 (0.99-1.89), and 1.72 (0.90-3.28), respectively (P for quadratic trend=0.002). The corresponding average differences in brachial-ankle PWV were 6.7 (0.75-12.6), 2.9 (-1.7 to 7.4), 10.5 (4.5-16.5), and 9.6 (-0.7 to 19.8) cm/s, respectively (P for quadratic trend=0.019). Poor subjective sleep quality was associated with CAC in women but not in men, whereas the association between poor subjective sleep quality and brachial-ankle PWV was stronger in men than in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this large study of apparently healthy men and women, extreme sleep duration and poor subjective sleep quality were associated with increased prevalence of CAC and higher PWV. Our results underscore the importance of an adequate quantity and quality of sleep to maintain cardiovascular health.
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Chan-Won
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Yoosoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cainzos-Achirica
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Seungho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Hyun-Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Kyung Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Yuni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Jiin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Yiyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rampal
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Youngji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Joao A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Hocheol
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.).
authors.forename: Eliseo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guallar
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.). eju.sung@samsung.com jcho@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Juhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: From the Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center (C.-W.K., Y. Chang, S. Ryu, H.-S.J., K.E.Y., Y. Choi, J.A., Y.B., J.C.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S. Ryu), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Departments of Epidemiology (D.Z., M.C.-A., Y.Z., S. Rampal, E.G., J.C.) and Medicine (E.G.), Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cardiology, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (M.C.-A.); Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (S. Rampal); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.A.L.); Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.S., E.S.); Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (Y. Chang, S. Ryu, J.C.); and Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.C.). eju.sung@samsung.com jcho@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Eunju
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011673:Pulsatile Flow / Q000502:physiology; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012016:Reference Values; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: coronary calcification; pulse wave velocity; sleep duration; sleep quality; subclinical atherosclerosis