title: Changes in the human plasma and urinary metabolome associated with acute dietary exposure to sucrose and the identification of potential biomarkers of sucrose intake.
abstract: METHODS
  The intake of sucrose is of public health concern but limited information is available on the metabolic effects of short-term exposure. Our aim was to use metabolomics to investigate the metabolic impact of acute sucrose exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We performed a randomized, parallel, single-dose feeding study on healthy females (n = 90, aged 29.9 ± 4.7 years, BMI 23.3 ± 2.5 kg/m(2) ) consuming either 0, 50, or 100 g sucrose in 500 mL water. Blood and urine samples were taken before and 24 h post sucrose intake. Urine and plasma samples underwent detailed metabolite profiling analysis using established protocols. Flow-injection electrospray MS fingerprinting analysis showed that 3 h after intake was the most informative time point in urine and plasma and out of 120 explanatory signals, highlighted 16 major metabolite signals in urine and 25 metabolite signals in plasma that were discriminatory and correlated with sucrose intake over time. The main confirmed metabolites positively correlated with intake were sucrose, fructose, and erythronic acid, while those negatively correlating with intake included fatty acids and derivatives, acyl-carnitines, and ketone bodies. GC-TOF-MS profiling analysis confirmed the fingerprinting data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute exposure to sucrose identified a number of metabolites correlated with sucrose intake and several compounds attributed to metabolic fasting.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beckmann
authors.affiliation: Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK.
authors.forename: Annemiek M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Joosen
authors.affiliation: Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK.
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.affiliation: MRC-Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Owen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mugridge
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taillart
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK.
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Draper
authors.affiliation: Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK.|Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lodge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D002087:Butyrates / Q000097:blood; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000097:blood; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D013395:Sucrose / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002087:Butyrates; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; C121691:erythronic acid; D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose
keywords: Biomarkers; Erythronic acid; Metabolism; Metabolomics; Sucrose