title: Halorubrum yunnanense sp. nov., isolated from  a subterranean salt mine.
abstract: Two halophilic archaeal strains, Q85(T) and Q86, were isolated from a subterranean salt mine in Yunnan, China. Cells were rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative and motile. Colonies were red, smooth, convex and round (1.0-2.0 mm in diameter). The orthologous 16S rRNA and rpoB9 gene sequences of these two strains were almost identical (99.5 and 99.7 % similarities). Their closest relatives were Halorubrum kocurii BG-1(T) (98.0-98.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Halorubrum aidingense 31-hong(T) (97.6–97.7 %) and Halorubrum lipolyticum 9-3T (97.5-97.6 %). The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strains Q85(T) and Q86 was 90 %, while that between Q85(T) and other related Halorubrum strains was less than 30 % (29 % for H. kocurii BG-1(T), 25 % for H. aidingense 31-hong(T) and 22 % for H. lipolyticum 9-3(T)). Optimal growth of the two novel strains was observed with 20 % (w/v) NaCl and at 42–45 8C under aerobic conditions, with a slight difference in optimum Mg2+ concentration (0.7 M for Q85(T),0.5 M for Q86) and a notable difference in optimum pH (pH 7.5 for Q85(T), pH 6.6 for Q86). Anaerobic growth occurred with nitrate, but not with L-arginine or DMSO. The major polar lipids of the two strains were identical, including phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate and sulfated diglycosyl diether, which are the major lipids of the genus Halorubrum. The G+C contents of strains Q85(T) and Q86 were 66.3 and 66.8 %, respectively. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties of strains Q85(T) and Q86, a novel species, Halorubrum yunnanense sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is Q85(T) (=5CGMCC 1.15057(T)=JCM 30665(T)).
authors.affiliation: University Key Laboratory of Crop High Quality and High Effective Cultivation and Safety Control in Yunnan Province, Honghe University, Mengzi 66110, Yunnan, PR China.|State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
authors.forename: Shaoxing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong-Can
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
authors.forename: Dahe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: University Key Laboratory of Crop High Quality and High Effective Cultivation and Safety Control in Yunnan Province, Honghe University, Mengzi 66110, Yunnan, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D001482:Base Composition; D002681:China; D019641:DNA, Archaeal / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000235:genetics; D019766:Genes, Archaeal; D055352:Halorubrum / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008906:Mining; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000737:chemistry; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D010858:Pigmentation; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012965:Sodium Chloride
chemical_list: D019641:DNA, Archaeal; D005227:Fatty Acids; C407124:PGP-Me; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012965:Sodium Chloride