title: Nitrogen removal and water microbiota in grass carp culture following supplementation with Bacillus licheniformis BSK-4.
abstract: This experiment was designed to study the effects of Bacillus licheniformis BSK-4 on nitrogen removal and microbial community structure in a grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) culture. The selected strain Bacillus licheniformis BSK-4 significantly decreased nitrite, nitrate and total nitrogen levels in water over an extended, whereas increased ammonia level. Pyrosequencing showed that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were dominant in grass carp culture water. Compared with the control group, the number of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were increased, while Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased in treatment group. At the genus level, some genera, such as Bacillus, Prosthecobacter, Enterococcus, etc., appear only in the treatment, while many other genera exist only in the control group; Lactobacillus, Luteolibacter, Phenylobacterium, etc. were increased in treatment group compared to those in control group. As above, the results suggested that supplementation with B. licheniformis BSK-4 could remove some nitrogen and cause alterations of the microbial composition in grass carp water.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.|College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Khui Hung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yibing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Life Science College of Shaoxing University, 312000, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Luoqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. shuma@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Miaoan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. weifenli@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Weifen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D001407:Bacillus / Q000378:metabolism*; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002347:Carps / Q000254:growth & development*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014867:Water; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: 454-Pyrosequencing; Bacillus licheniformis BSK-4; Grass carp; Microbial community structure; Nitrogen removal