title: Effect of the laryngeal tube on the no-flow-time in a simulated two rescuer basic life support setting with inexperienced users.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intubation with a laryngeal tube (LT) is a recommended alternative to endotracheal intubation during advanced life support (ALS). LT insertion is easy; therefore, it may also be an alternative to bag-mask ventilation (BMV) for untrained personnel performing basic life support (BLS). Data from manikin studies support the influence of LT on no-flow-time (NFT) during ALS.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a prospective, randomized manikin study using a two-rescuer model to compare the effects of ventilation using a LT and BMV on NFT during BLS. Participants were trained in BMV and were inexperienced in the use of a LT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in total NFT with the use of a LT and BMV (LT: mean 83.1 ± 37.3 s; BMV: mean 78.7 ± 24.5 s; p = 0.313), but we found significant differences in the progression of the scenario: in the BLS-scenario, the proportion of time spent performing chest compressions was higher when BMV was used compared to when a LT was used. The quality of chest compressions and the ventilation rate did not differ significantly between the two groups. The mean tidal volume and mean minute volume were significantly larger with the use of a LT compared with the use of BMV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, in a two-rescuer BLS scenario, NFT is longer with the use of a LT (without prior training) than with the use of BMV (with prior training). The probable reasons for this result are higher tidal volumes with the use of a LT leading to longer interruptions without chest compressions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine III, University Hospital of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany. jochen.schroeder@uk-halle.de.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bucher
authors.affiliation: Institute for Emergency Medicine and Management in Medicine-INM, Klinikum der Universität München, Schillerstr. 53, 80336, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008348:Manikins; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: Basic life support (BLS); Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); Laryngeal; Manikin study; No-flow-time; Tube (LT)