title: Relationship between sarcopenic obesity-related phenotypes and inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women.
abstract: Ageing is associated with changes in body composition that may result in sarcopenic obesity (SO). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are important inflammatory markers related to ageing. SO has been examined as an important public health problem, but its association with inflammatory markers has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between SO-related phenotypes and inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women. A total of 130 women (66·7 ± 5·2 years) underwent body composition evaluation using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Volunteers were classified according to a SO definition previously described in the literature. Waist circumference (WC) and handgrip strength (HG) were also measured. Blood samples were collected for CRP, tumour necrosis factor and IL-6 measurements. All the inflammatory markers were higher in SO individuals when compared to non-SO; however, only IL-6 reached statistical significance (median 3·34 versus 1·37 pg ml-1; P<0·05). Also, CRP was significantly correlated (P<0·01) with body mass index (rs= 0·34), fat mass (FM; rs= 0·25) and WC (rs= 0·33). Similarly, IL-6 levels were significantly correlated (P<0·05) to age (rs= 0·19), FM (rs= 0·19) and WC (rs= 0·17). HG was found to be significantly reduced among subjects with higher IL-6 levels (P = 0·02). In summary, the combination of reduced muscle mass and excess body fat (i.e. SO) is associated with elevated inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women. Moreover, CRP and IL-6 are associated with SO-related phenotypes in this population.
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.|Technical School of Health of Planaltina, Brasília, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maurílio Tiradentes
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Dutra
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna Pereira
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Avelar
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunogerontology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius Carolino
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Martim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bottaro
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Jacó
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Otávio Toledo
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Nóbrega
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moreno Lima
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D010641:Phenotype; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: cytokines; fat; inflammation; sarcopenia; strength