title: Paroxetine in Postmortem Fluids and Tissues from Nine Aviation Accident Victims.
abstract: Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor commonly prescribed for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. While the use of paroxetine is considered relatively safe, negative side effects, including nausea, drowsiness, insomnia and dizziness, can adversely affect a pilot's ability to safely operate an aircraft. The use of paroxetine may increase suicidal behavior and suicidal ideation. When relying on postmortem specimens for toxicological evaluation, a general understanding of drug distribution throughout postmortem specimens is important. This laboratory has determined the distribution of paroxetine in postmortem tissues and fluids from nine aviation accident fatalities. Specimens were processed using an n-butyl chloride liquid/liquid extraction followed by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometeric analysis. Blood paroxetine concentrations obtained from these cases ranged from 0.019 to 0.865 µg/mL. The distribution of paroxetine, expressed as mean specimen/blood ratio, was 1.67 ± 1.16 urine (n = 4), 0.08 ± 0.04 vitreous humor (n = 6), 5.77 ± 1.37 liver (n = 8), 9.66 ± 2.58 lung (n = 9), 1.44 ± 0.57 kidney (n = 8), 3.80 ± 0.69 spleen (n = 8), 0.15 ± 0.04 muscle (n = 8), 4.27 ± 2.64 brain (n = 7) and 1.05 ± 0.43 heart (n = 8). The large standard deviations associated with the paroxetine distribution coefficients suggest that paroxetine can experience significant postmortem concentration changes.
authors.affiliation: Bioaeronautical Sciences Research Laboratory, Civil Aerospace Medical Institute, AAM-610, Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Federal Aviation Administration, 6500 S. MacArthur Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73169, USA russell.j.lewis@faa.gov.
authors.forename: Russell J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Bioaeronautical Sciences Research Laboratory, Civil Aerospace Medical Institute, AAM-610, Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Federal Aviation Administration, 6500 S. MacArthur Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73169, USA.
authors.forename: Philip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.affiliation: Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Tarrant County Medical Examiner's Office, Fort Worth, TX 76196, USA.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000060:Accidents, Aviation; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry*; D053593:Forensic Toxicology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000032:analysis*; D011180:Postmortem Changes
chemical_list: D017374:Paroxetine