title: Type 1 Diabetes and Increased Risk of Subsequent Asthma: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.
abstract: The association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and asthma remains controversial and has led to new interest in these 2 disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations among young people with T1DM and asthma and offer a clinical demonstration of the balance between Th1 and Th2 responses.We conducted a retrospective cohort study by using data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) system of Taiwan. The cohort consisted of 3545 T1DM cases and 14,180 controls established during the 1998 to 2011 period. Of the 3545 T1DM patients, 55.1% were girls and 26.5% were in the age group <8 years.The overall incidence of asthma was 47% higher in the T1DM cohort than in the control cohort (6.49 vs 4.42 per 1000 person-y), with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.34 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-1.62). Moreover, T1DM patients who visited the emergency room (ER) more than twice for diabetes had a higher adjusted HR of 17.4 (95% CI = 12.9-23.6) of developing asthma. The adjusted HR of asthma was 38.6 (95% CI = 28.5-52.2) in T1DM patients who had been hospitalized more than twice for diabetes.We observed a significantly higher incidence of asthma in young patients with T1DM than in the general population. Among young people of T1DM with more ER visits or frequent hospitalization because of diabetes mellitus were associated with risk of asthma, may indicate that poor glycemic control significantly contributes to asthma risk.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Chest Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Guanshan Branch, Taitung, Taiwan (Y-TH); Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feng Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan (Y-TH); Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (W-CC, W-CL, T-CS, W-CC, C-HC); Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (W-CL, T-CS, C-HC,C-HK); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (C-LL); College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-LL); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (C-HK).
authors.forename: Yung-Tsung
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: Wen-Chien
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Wei-Chih
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Cheng-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Te-Chun
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Wei-Chun
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chia-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chia-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*