title: The effects of advertisements that sexually objectify women on state body dissatisfaction and judgments of women: The moderating roles of gender and internalization.
abstract: Experimental studies have demonstrated that exposure to idealized images of women increases state body image disturbance. However, little work has experimentally examined the effects of exposure to images that sexually objectify women, especially as it relates to women and men's state body dissatisfaction and judgments of women. In the current study, 437 women and men were randomly assigned to view advertisements that sexually objectify women and portray appearance ideals, or to view non-appearance-related advertisements. Results indicated that state body dissatisfaction increased for women and men exposed to advertisements that sexually objectified women, although this effect was larger for women. Trait internalization of appearance ideals moderated this effect, indicating that women and men with higher internalization exhibited greater state body dissatisfaction after viewing women sexually objectified in advertisements. Exposure to women sexually objectified in advertisements did not affect women's or men's attractiveness or competence ratings of women in university advertisements.
authors.affiliation: The College of Saint Rose, Department of Psychology, 432 Western Ave, Albany, NY 12203, USA; University of South Florida, Department of Psychology, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. Electronic address: krawczyr@strose.edu.
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krawczyk
authors.affiliation: University of South Florida, Department of Psychology, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
authors.forename: J Kevin
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000329:Advertising; D001828:Body Image / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D000067029:Physical Appearance, Body; D012737:Sex Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Gender; Internalization of appearance ideals; Media exposure; Sexual objectification; State body dissatisfaction