title: Risk factors associated with mortality in patients infected with influenza A/H1N1 in Mexico.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Influenza virus pandemics vary dramatically in their severity and mortality. Thus, it is very important to identify populations with high risks of developing severe illness to reduce mortality in future pandemics. The purpose was to determine the mortality-associated risk factors in hospitalized Mexican patients infected with influenza A/H1N1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk factors associated with mortality were: male sex [odds ratio (OR) = 5.25, confidence interval (CI) = 1.22-28.95], medical attention delayed >3 days (OR = 9.9, CI = 1.51-64.52), anti-flu therapy delayed >3 days (OR = 10.0, CI = 1.07-93.43), admission to intensive care unit (ICU) (OR = 9.9, CI = 1.51-64.52) and creatinine levels >1.0 mg/dL when admitted to hospital (OR = 11.2, CI = 1.05-120.32). After adjusting for the effects of potentially confounding variables in a logistic regression model, delayed medical attention (OR = 13.91, CI = 1.09-41.42, p = 0.044) and ICU hospitalization (OR = 11.02, CI = 1.59-76.25, p = 0.015) were the only predictors of mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early medical attention is essential for reducing the mortality risk in patients with influenza A/H1N1, while a requirement for ICU management increases the risk.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology and Angiology Department, Herzzentrum am Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weßling-Straße 1, 28277, Bremen, Germany. arzt.matamarin@yahoo.de.
authors.forename: Luis Alberto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mata-Marín
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de Infectología, "La Raza" National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico. jamatamarin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mata-Marín
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pathology Department, Hospital General, "La Raza" National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico. cavasmove@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Velasco Claudia
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Vásquez-Mota
authors.affiliation: Central Blood Bank, "La Raza" National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico. carlaileana@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carla Ileana
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Arroyo-Anduiza
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de Infectología, "La Raza" National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico. jgaytanmtz@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Jesús Enrique
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gaytán-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de Infectología, "La Raza" National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico. manjarrez23@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Bulmaro
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Manjarrez-Téllez
authors.affiliation: Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Unit, "La Raza" National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico. qfbcarrera@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Luis Alberto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ochoa-Carrera
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de Infectología, "La Raza" National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico. escribo_a_jorge@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Jorge Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Ramírez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000502:physiology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000401:mortality* / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult