title: Provable quantum advantage in randomness processing.
abstract: Quantum advantage is notoriously hard to find and even harder to prove. For example the class of functions computable with classical physics exactly coincides with the class computable quantum mechanically. It is strongly believed, but not proven, that quantum computing provides exponential speed-up for a range of problems, such as factoring. Here we address a computational scenario of randomness processing in which quantum theory provably yields, not only resource reduction over classical stochastic physics, but a strictly larger class of problems which can be solved. Beyond new foundational insights into the nature and malleability of randomness, and the distinction between quantum and classical information, these results also offer the potential of developing classically intractable simulations with currently accessible quantum technologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Imperial College London Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Imperial College London Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Imperial College London Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rudolph