title: Reproducibility of incremental maximal cycle ergometer tests in healthy recreationally active subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Testing of the ventilatory threshold (VT) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) is relevant for the evaluation of a range of training studies, clinical trials and cross-sectional studies. Due to a possible learning effect, a familiarization test is often performed to increase test reproducibility. However, limited research has investigated this learning effect and reproducibility of maximal exercise testing. The most appropriate ways to determine VT and VO2peak are not clear, and this study evaluated two approaches (V-slope and a combined method) for the determination of VT and five time-averaging intervals (60, 30, 15, 10 and 5 s) for the determination of VO2peak to compare test results and reproducibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen recreational triathletes completed three identical incremental maximal cycle ergometer tests. The initial workload was 75 and 100 watt (W) for women and men, respectively, and the workload was increased by 4 W/10 s thereafter. No familiarization test was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VO2peak increased significantly as the time-averaging interval became shorter (e.g. 5-s interval 48·7 versus 60-s interval 44·8 ml O2kg-1min-1; overall P<0·001). All test results were similar for the three test rounds, indicating that repeated testing was not associated with any learning effect. The different VT measuring methods (CV 7·6 versus 7·7%, P = 0·58) and VO2peak time-averaging intervals (CV 3·7-4·4%, P = 0·99) did not influence test reliability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reproducibility of VT and VO2peak was not affected by measuring methods and time-averaging intervals. However, the time-averaging intervals significantly affect the absolute VO2peak values. Furthermore, no learning effect of maximal cycle ergometer testing was observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M 81, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark.|Centre for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kasper
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dideriksen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M 81, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark.|Centre for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ulla Ramer
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Mikkelsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015308:Anaerobic Threshold; D001642:Bicycling; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013177:Sports; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: V-slope method; anaerobic threshold; cardiopulmonary exercise test; fitness level; learning effect; oxygen consumption; ventilatory threshold