title: Effects of subcytotoxic cadmium on morphology of glial fibrillary acidic protein network in astrocytes derived from murine neural stem/progenitor cells.
abstract: The susceptibility of mouse neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) to heavy-metal cytotoxicity was assessed by measuring cell viability following exposure to heavy metal chlorides (ZnCl2, CdCl2, CuCl2, and HgCl2, respectively). We determined half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values, subcytotoxic doses, capacity for neural differentiation, and morphological features of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) network at the subcytotoxic doses of heavy metal ions. Experiments were performed using two protocols for the exposure at subcytotoxic doses of heavy metal ions; these protocols included simultaneous exposure with the induction of NSPC differentiation and sequential exposure after the induction for 1 week. Exposure to HgCl2 using both protocols reduced the ratio of neuronal NSPC differentiation. Although sequential exposure to CdCl2 reduced the size of GFAP network, simultaneous exposure did not induce any change. In conclusion, image analyses of the cytoskeletal morphology of NSPCs as a novel tool for assessing neurodevelopmental cytotoxicity enabled us to obtain new information about the localization of cytoskeletal proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan. Electronic address: morihide@b.s.osakafu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan.
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D008627:Mercuric Chloride / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; C528900:glial fibrillary astrocytic protein, mouse; D008627:Mercuric Chloride; D019256:Cadmium Chloride
keywords: Cadmium chloride; Developmental neurotoxicity; Glial fibrillary acidic protein; Morphology; Neural stem cell