title: Yellow Fever 17DD Vaccine Virus Infection Causes Detectable Changes in Chicken Embryos.
abstract: The yellow fever (YF) 17D vaccine is one of the most effective human vaccines ever created. The YF vaccine has been produced since 1937 in embryonated chicken eggs inoculated with the YF 17D virus. Yet, little information is available about the infection mechanism of YF 17DD virus in this biological model. To better understand this mechanism, we infected embryos of Gallus gallus domesticus and analyzed their histopathology after 72 hours of YF infection. Some embryos showed few apoptotic bodies in infected tissues, suggesting mild focal infection processes. Confocal and super-resolution microscopic analysis allowed us to identify as targets of viral infection: skeletal muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, nervous system cells, renal tubular epithelium, lung parenchyma, and fibroblasts associated with connective tissue in the perichondrium and dermis. The virus replication was heaviest in muscle tissues. In all of these specimens, RT-PCR methods confirmed the presence of replicative intermediate and genomic YF RNA. This clearer characterization of cell targets in chicken embryos paves the way for future development of a new YF vaccine based on a new cell culture system.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Paulo de Abreu
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Manso
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Barbara C E P
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Dias de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Carvalho
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: de Sequeira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yuli Rodrigues
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Maia de Souza
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jessica Maria dos Santos
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Igor José
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luzia Fátima Gonçalves
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila Tavares
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Guedes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre Araujo Cunha
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos da Silva
authors.initials: Mda S
authors.lastname: Freire
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Myrna Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bonaldo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pelajo-Machado
mesh_terms: D000825:Animal Structures / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014779:Virus Replication; D022341:Yellow Fever Vaccine; D015005:Yellow fever virus / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D022341:Yellow Fever Vaccine