title: Development of health-related quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression among persons diagnosed with cancer during adolescence: a 10-year follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main aim was to investigate the development of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and symptoms of anxiety and depression in a cohort diagnosed with cancer during adolescence from shortly after up to 10 years after diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (n = 61) completed the SF-36 and the HADS shortly; six, 12, and 18 months; and two, three, four, and 10 years (n = 28) after diagnosis. Polynomial change trajectories were used to model development.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polynomial change trajectories showed an initial increase which abated over time into a decrease which abated over time for the SF-36 subscales Mental Health and Vitality; an initial decline which abated over time into an increase for HADS anxiety; and an initial decline which abated over time into an increase which abated over time for HADS depression. The SF-36 mental component summary showed no change from two to 10 years after diagnosis whereas the SF-36 physical component summary showed an increase from two years after diagnosis which declined over time. Ten years after diagnosis 29% reported possible anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Development of HRQOL and symptoms of anxiety and depression appears to be non-linear among persons diagnosed with cancer during adolescence. Well into permanent survivorship an increase in symptoms of anxiety is shown and approximately a third of the participants report possible anxiety. The findings indicate the need for: studies designed to pinpoint the times of highest psychological risk, clinical follow-up focusing on psychological problems, and development of effective psychological interventions for survivors of adolescent cancer. © 2015 The Authors. Psycho-Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Malin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ander
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Grönqvist
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cernvall
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Pediatrics, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gunn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Engvall
authors.affiliation: Caring Sciences, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mariann
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hedström
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gustaf
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ljungman
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lyhagen
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Pediatrics, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mattsson
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: von Essen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D013997:Time Factors