title: Relationships between Genetic Diversity and Fusarium Toxin Profiles of Winter Wheat Cultivars.
abstract: Fusarium head blight is one of the most important and most common diseases of winter wheat. In order to better understanding this disease and to assess the correlations between different factors, 30 cultivars of this cereal were evaluated in a two-year period. Fusarium head blight resistance was evaluated and the concentration of trichothecene mycotoxins was analysed. Grain samples originated from plants inoculated with Fusarium culmorum and naturally infected with Fusarium species. The genetic distance between the tested cultivars was determined and data were analysed using multivariate data analysis methods. Genetic dissimilarity of wheat cultivars ranged between 0.06 and 0.78. They were grouped into three distinct groups after cluster analysis of genetic distance. Wheat cultivars differed in resistance to spike and kernel infection and in resistance to spread of Fusarium within a spike (type II). Only B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and nivalenol) produced by F. culmorum in grain samples from inoculated plots were present. In control samples trichothecenes of groups A (H-2 toxin, T-2 toxin, T-2 tetraol, T-2 triol, scirpentriol, diacetoxyscirpenol) and B were detected. On the basis of Fusarium head blight assessment and analysis of trichothecene concentration in the grain relationships between morphological characters, Fusarium head blight resistance and mycotoxins in grain of wheat cultivars were examined. The results were used to create of matrices of distance between cultivars - for trichothecene concentration in inoculated and naturally infected grain as well as for FHB resistance Correlations between genetic distance versus resistance/mycotoxin profiles were calculated using the Mantel test. A highly significant correlation between genetic distance and mycotoxin distance was found for the samples inoculated with Fusarium culmorum. Significant but weak relationships were found between genetic distance matrix and FHB resistance or trichothecene concentration in naturally infected grain matrices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Góral
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stuper-Szablewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buśko
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - NRI, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boczkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Walentyn-Góral
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wiśniewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Juliusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perkowski
keywords: Fusarium culmorum; Fusarium head blight; genetic diversity; resistance; trichothecenes; wheat