title: "An Environment Built to Include Rather than Exclude Me": Creating Inclusive Environments for Human Well-Being.
abstract: Contemporary discourses which challenge the notion of health as the "absence of disease" are prompting changes in health policy and practice. People with disability have been influential in progressing our understanding of the impact of contextual factors in individual and population health, highlighting the impact of environmental factors on functioning and inclusion. The World Health Organization's (WHO) more holistic definition of health as "wellbeing" is now applied in frameworks and legislation, and has long been understood in occupational therapy theory. In practice, however, occupational therapists and other professionals often address only local and individual environmental factors to promote wellbeing, within systems and societies that limit equity in population health and restrict inclusion in communities. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the supports and accommodations identified by a cohort of individuals (n-100) living with disability. A range of environmental facilitators and barriers were identified in peoples' experience of "inclusive community environs" and found to influence inclusion and wellbeing. The roles and responsibilities of individuals, professionals, and society to enact change in environments are discussed in light of these findings. Recommendations include a focus on the subjective experience of environments, and application of theory from human rights and inclusive economics to address the multiple dimensions and levels of environments in working towards inclusion and wellbeing.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia. natasha@natashalayton.com.au.
authors.forename: Natasha A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Layton
authors.affiliation: School of Human Services and Social Work, Griffith University, Meadowbrook 4131, Australia. emjsteel@gmail.com.|School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, the University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia. emjsteel@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Emily J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Steel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D004777:Environment; D006291:Health Policy; D006806:Human Rights / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D064702:International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D014944:World Health Organization
keywords: ICF; accessibility; disability; environmental factors; health policy; inclusion; occupational therapy; usability