title: Socioeconomic status and prevalence of self-reported diabetes among adults in Tehran: results from a large population-based cross-sectional study (Urban HEART-2).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus is an important public health challenge worldwide. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes varies across countries. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and to determine related factors including socioeconomic factors in a large random sample of Tehran population in 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 91,814 individuals aged over 20 years were selected randomly based on a multistage, cluster sampling. All participants were interviewed by trained personnel using standard questionnaires. Prevalence and Townsend deprivation indexes were calculated. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to construct wealth index. Logistic regression model was used in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimated prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 4.98 % overall, 4.76 %in men and 5.19 % in women (P < 0.003). In multivariate analysis, age, marital status (married and divorced/widow) and BMI were positively associated with the prevalence of self-reported diabetes. Of the socioeconomic variables, educational level and wealth status were negatively and Townsend Index was positively associated with diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study findings highlight low reported prevalence of diabetes among adults in Tehran. Subjects with low socioeconomic status (SES) had a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Weight gain and obesity were the most important risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes. Wealth index and educational level were better socioeconomic indicators for presenting the inequality in diabetes prevalence in relation to Townsend deprivation index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Oncopathology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asadi-Lari
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khosravi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nedjat
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mansournia
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Majdzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Vaez-Mahdavi
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faghihzadeh
authors.affiliation: Health Education and Promotion Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Haeri Mehrizi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. cheraghian2000@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cheraghian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D012923:Social Class; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Diabetes; Prevalence; Self-reporting; Socioeconomic status; Tehran