title: [German Version of the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory and its Short Form].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (CBSEI) is an instrument that measures women's perceived self-efficacy towards labour. It is used in 9 countries, a 32-item short form (CBSEI-C32) in 4 countries. German versions of the CBSEI and the CBSEI-C32 have not been developed thus far.
  
  
  METHODS
  A forward-backward translation was performed, followed by administration of both instruments to a sample of 155 participants of antenatal classes. Pregnant women answered questions regarding their medical history and user-friendliness of the instruments. 80 respondents completed the CBSEI, 75 the CBSEI-C32. Reliability via Cronbach alpha was calculated for the 4 subscales of the CBSEI and the 2 subscales of the short form. Validity was only assessed for the 2 scales of the CBSEI-C32 because all women (n=155) completed this instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2 Cronbach alpha values were greater than 0.74 (adequate), the others greater than 0.80 (good). Most of the factors of the CBSEI-C32 (75%) were above ≥0.5. Calculation of the item-to-total-correlations revealed that the exclusion of 3 items might be indicated for the German version. The short form showed a significant association between level of education and perceived self-efficacy (p=0.01). RESULTS in the area of user-friendliness were more encouraging for the CBSEI-C32 than for the CBSEI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The German version of the CBSEI is a useful instrument which may improve advice and counselling during prenatal care in Germany.
authors.affiliation: AG Hebammenwissenschaft, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: AG Hebammenwissenschaft, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stoll
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jäger
authors.affiliation: AG Hebammenwissenschaft, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D036801:Parturition / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020377:Self Efficacy; D057566:Self Report; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating