title: Effect of Chondroitin Sulphate on Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Disease Activity in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence rate of relapse in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing chondroitin sulphate (CS) treatment and its effect on the concentrations of several pro-inflammatory proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational, 12-month follow-up study in patients with IBD in remission, starting CS (Condrosan®, Bioiberica S.A.) treatment for osteoarthritis (OA). Crohn's Disease Activity Index and modified Truelove-Witts severity index were calculated for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) respectively. Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), -C, fibroblast growth factor 2, hepatocyte growth factor, angiopoietin (Ang)-1, Ang-2, transforming growth factor beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular adhesion molecule-1, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and PGE2 were quantified by ELISA. OA joint pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 37 patients (19 UC and 18 Crohn's disease) were included. The mean values for OA joint pain decreased after 12 months from 5.9 ± 2.8 to 3.0 ± 2.3 (p < 0.05). Only 1 patient (with UC) flared during follow-up. The incidence rate of relapse was 3.4% per patient-year of follow-up. Mean serum VEGFA levels increased between baseline (492 pg/ml) and 12-month treatment (799 pg/ml; p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of IBD relapse in patients under CS treatment was lower than that generally reported. This treatment might modulate VEGFA. CS decreases OA-related pain in patients with IBD.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigacix00F3;n Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP) and Centro de Investigacix00F3;n Biomx00E9;dica en Red de Enfermedades Hepx00E1;ticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Linares
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chaparro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algaba
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Román
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moreno Arza
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abad Santos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ochoa
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bermejo
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gisbert
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000209:etiology; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates