title: Benzofuranyl Esters: Synthesis, Crystal Structure Determination, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities.
abstract: A series of five new 2-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl 4-(un/substituted)benzoates 4(a-e), with the general formula of C₈H₅O(C=O)CH₂O(C=O)C₆H₄X, X = H, Cl, CH₃, OCH₃ or NO₂, was synthesized in high purity and good yield under mild conditions. The synthesized products 4(a-e) were characterized by FTIR, ¹H-, (13)C- and ¹H-(13)C HMQC NMR spectroscopic analysis and their 3D structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. These compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The tested compounds showed antimicrobial ability in the order of 4b < 4a < 4c < 4d < 4e and the highest potency with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 125 µg/mL was observed for 4e. The results of antioxidant activities revealed the highest activity for compound 4e (32.62% ± 1.34%) in diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 4d (31.01% ± 4.35%) in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and 4a (27.11% ± 1.06%) in metal chelating (MC) activity.
authors.affiliation: X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. chidankumar@aiet.org.in.|Department of Engineering Chemistry, Alva's Institute of Engineering & Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Mijar, Moodbidri 574225, Karnataka, India. chidankumar@aiet.org.in.
authors.forename: C S Chidan
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. lyeeth0923@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Li Yee
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Then
authors.affiliation: X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. chiatzeshyang@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tze Shyang
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.affiliation: Department of Sugar Technology & Chemistry, University of Mysore, Sir M. V. PG Center, Tubinakere, Mandya 571402, Karnataka, India. chandraju1@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Siddegowda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandraju
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak Campus, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia. yipfw@utar.edu.my.
authors.forename: Yip-Foo
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Win
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. shaida@usm.my.
authors.forename: Shaida Fariza
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. nshafiqah25@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nurul Shafiqah
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Hashim
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. ooilng@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Kheng Leong
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.affiliation: X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. ckquah@usm.my.
authors.forename: Ching Kheng
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Quah
authors.affiliation: X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. hfun.c@ksu.edu.sa.|Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. hfun.c@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Hoong-Kun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Fun
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000737:chemistry*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004952:Esters / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001572:Benzofurans; D004952:Esters
keywords: XRD; antimicrobial; antioxidant; benzofuran; spectroscopic analysis; substituent