title: Burden among Parkinson's disease care givers for a community based study from India.
abstract: Aim was to analyze predictors of burden among primary caregivers (CGs) of Indian Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. 150 PD patients were administered using Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y), Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Score (MADRS) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) in this cross-sectional evaluation study. CG burden was assessed by Caregiver's Burden Scale (CBS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), SF-36 and 20-item Burden Assessment Schedule (BAS). Linear regression methods were used to evaluate factors contributing to burden and stress. Mean age of CG was 50.38±16.04 (range: 25-83 yrs). Marital status of CGs was noted to have significant relationship with CBS score (F=9.525, P<0.0001). Siblings (brother/sister) reported the highest CBS score while the wives reported the least. Correlations were strong between CBS and HADS anxiety (r=0.228, P=0.0048) and HADS depression (r=0.2172, P=0.0076). High correlations were found in caregiving duration, patients' stage of illness and motor disability among all the scales (CBS, HADS, SF36) determined. Step-wise regression analysis showed UPDRS (beta=1.364-0.202 ranging among all scales) and H&Y stages (beta=2.786-7.257) to have the strongest influence on CGs. CGs of patients with depression (MADRS: P=0.007 (SF36 mental) and dementia (MMSE: P=0.01) experienced greater stress. Social and financial status was disrupted in ~60% to 80% of the CGs. Motor imbalances with disability of PD patients and severity of disease are the main factors contributing to burden and stress in CGs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Delhi University, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Jaya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanyal
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Delhi University, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Soumi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, National Neurosciences Centre, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Epsita
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, National Neurosciences Centre, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.affiliation: Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Raipur, India.
authors.forename: L V K S
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Bhaskar
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Delhi University, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: parkinsons_research@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Vadlamudi Raghavendra
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000451:nursing*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Burden; Caregiver; Caregiver burden scale; India; Parkinson's disease