title: Immunization of pregnant women: Future of early infant protection.
abstract: Children in early infancy do not mount effective antibody responses to many vaccines against commons infectious pathogens, which results in a window of increased susceptibility or severity infections. In addition, vaccine-preventable infections are among the leading causes of morbidity in pregnant women. Immunization during pregnancy can generate maternal immune protection as well as elicit the production and transfer of antibodies cross the placenta and via breastfeeding to provide early infant protection. Several successful vaccines are now recommended to all pregnant women worldwide. However, significant gaps exist in our understanding of the efficacy and safety of other vaccines and in women with conditions associated with increased susceptible to high-risk pregnancies. Public acceptance of maternal immunization remained to be improved. Broader success of maternal immunization will rely on the integration of advances in basic science in vaccine design and evaluation and carefully planned clinical trials that are inclusive to pregnant women.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ; Wayne State University ; Detroit , MI USA.|b Perinatology Research Branch; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ; National Institutes of Health ; Detroit , MI USA.
authors.forename: Azure N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Faucette
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ; Wayne State University ; Detroit , MI USA.|b Perinatology Research Branch; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ; National Institutes of Health ; Detroit , MI USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Pawlitz
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ; Wayne State University ; Detroit , MI USA.|b Perinatology Research Branch; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ; National Institutes of Health ; Detroit , MI USA.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ; Wayne State University ; Detroit , MI USA.|b Perinatology Research Branch; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ; National Institutes of Health ; Detroit , MI USA.
authors.forename: Fayi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ; Wayne State University ; Detroit , MI USA.|b Perinatology Research Branch; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ; National Institutes of Health ; Detroit , MI USA.|c Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Program; Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute ; Detroit , MI USA.|d Department of Immunology and Microbiology ; Wayne State University ; Detroit , MI USA.|e Department of Oncology ; Wayne State University ; Detroit , MI USA.|f Mucosal Immunology Studies Team; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health ; Bethesda , MD USA.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines
keywords: B cell; antibody; clinical trial; immunization; infection; mucosal immunity; neonatal Fc receptor; pregnancy; vaccine; vaccine safety