title: The Tobacco Status Project (TSP): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a Facebook smoking cessation intervention for young adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tobacco use remains the leading cause of premature morbidity and mortality in the United States. Young adults are less successful at quitting, use cessation treatment less often than smokers of other ages, and can be a challenge to retain in treatment. Social media, integrated into the lives of many young adults, represents a promising strategy to deliver evidence-based smoking cessation treatment to a large, diverse audience. The goal of this trial is to test the efficacy of a stage-based smoking cessation intervention on Facebook for young adults age 18 to 25 on smoking abstinence, reduction in cigarettes smoked, and thoughts about smoking abstinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a randomized controlled trial. Young adult smokers throughout the United States are recruited online and randomized to either the 3 month Tobacco Status Project intervention on Facebook or a referral to a smoking cessation website. The intervention consists of assignment to a secret Facebook group tailored to readiness to quit smoking (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation), daily Facebook contacts tailored to readiness to quit smoking, weekly live counseling sessions, and for those in preparation, weekly Cognitive Behavioral Therapy counseling sessions on Facebook. Primary outcome measure is biochemically-verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence from smoking at posttreatment (3 months), 6, and 12 months. Secondary outcome measures are reduction of 50 % or more in cigarettes smoked, 24 h quit attempts, and commitment to abstinence at each time point. A secondary aim is to test, within the TSP condition, the effect of a monetary incentive at increasing engagement in the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This randomized controlled trial is testing a novel Facebook intervention for treating young adults' tobacco use. If efficacious, the social media intervention could be disseminated widely and expanded to address additional health risks.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02207036 , May 13, 2014.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, Box TRC 0984, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Danielle.Ramo@ucsf.edu.|Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, 530 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Danielle.Ramo@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Danielle E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Ramo
authors.affiliation: Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, 530 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Johannes.Thrul@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thrul
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, Box TRC 0984, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Kevin.Delucchi@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Kevin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Delucchi
authors.affiliation: Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, 530 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Pamela.Ling@ucsf.edu.|Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, 1545 Divisadero Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Pamela.Ling@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Pamela M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, Box TRC 0984, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Sharon.Hall@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Sharon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, 1265 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. Jodi.Prochaska@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Judith J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Prochaska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012107:Research Design; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D061108:Social Media; D062789:Tobacco Products; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult