title: Determination of the toxicity of intravitreal minocycline in rabbit eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the retinal toxicity of intravitreal minocycline in rabbit eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intravitreal injection of minocycline with concentrations of 1000, 500, 250, 125 and 62.5 μg in 0.1 ml was performed in 10 New Zealand albino rabbits. Each concentration was injected into two rabbit eyes. For each dose, normal saline was injected in one contralateral eye and the other fellow eye remained non-injected. Electrophysiologic testing was performed before and 4 weeks after injections. The eyes were enucleated 4 weeks after injections and examined using light microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical examination was unremarkable after injections. Electroretinography recordings were significantly affected at all doses in at least one of the a- or b-waves of photopic or scotopic responses. Histopathologic examination revealed marked atrophy and loss of integrity in all retinal layers in all minocycline injected eyes. Contralateral eyes were normal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study, intravitreal minocycline was toxic to the retina in albino rabbits even at a concentration of 62.5 µg/0.1 ml.
authors.affiliation: a Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Khalil Ghasemi
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Falavarjani
authors.affiliation: a Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pourhabibi
authors.affiliation: a Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Kaveh Abri
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Aghdam
authors.affiliation: b Iran Eye Bank , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Seyed Bagher
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: a Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modarres
authors.affiliation: c Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran , and.
authors.forename: Abdolreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pazouki
authors.affiliation: d USC Eye Institute, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Hossein Nazari
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Khanamiri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004596:Electroretinography; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008911:Minocycline / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009799:Ocular Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008911:Minocycline
keywords: Intravitreal injection; minocycline; retinal toxicity