title: Nanotechnology-based drug delivery treatments and specific targeting therapy for age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: Nanoparticles combined with cells, drugs, and specially designed genes provide improved therapeutic efficacy in studies and clinical setting, demonstrating a new era of treatment strategy, especially in retinal diseases. Nanotechnology-based drugs can provide an essential platform for sustaining, releasing and a specific targeting design to treat retinal diseases. Poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid is the most widely used biocompatible and biodegradable polymer approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Many studies have attempted to develop special devices for delivering small-molecule drugs, proteins, and other macromolecules consistently and slowly. In this article, we first review current progress in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration. Then, we discuss the function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the pharmacological effects of anti-VEGF-A antibodies and soluble or modified VEGF receptors. Lastly, we summarize the combination of antiangiogenic therapy and nanomedicines, and review current potential targeting therapy in age-related macular degeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Tai-Chi
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Ophthalmology, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Kuo-Hsuan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital & Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chi-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Cheng-Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Jorn-Hon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Lin-Chung
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Woung
authors.affiliation: National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Ching-Yao
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Shih-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yan-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: chihchienym@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chih-Chien
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000502:physiology; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D036103:Nanotechnology; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D020381:Interleukin-17; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase
keywords: age-related macular degeneration; choroidal neovascularization; nanotechnology; target therapy; vascular endothelial growth factor