title: Extreme mitogenomic divergence between two syntopic specimens of Arremon aurantiirostris (Aves: Emberizidae) in central Panama suggests possible cryptic species.
abstract: We report the complete mitochondrial genome of two specimens of Orange-billed Sparrow Arremon aurantiirostris from Colón Province, in central Panama. The two specimens were collected on the same day, and at the same locality; however, they showed substantial divergence (6.3% average pairwise divergence among coding genes). A survey of ND2 sequence variation across Panama suggests that this divergence is the result of geographic differentiation and secondary contact. This high level of mitochondrial divergence among co-occurring individuals raises the possibility of multiple biological species in Orange-billed Sparrows. Our results are yet another demonstration that much remains to be discovered regarding avian biodiversity in Panama and throughout the Neotropics.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biology , Villanova University , Villanova , PA , USA .
authors.forename: Krisangel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biology , Villanova University , Villanova , PA , USA .
authors.forename: Cody
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Angeli
authors.affiliation: b Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP) , Panamá , República de Panamá , and.|c Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Panamá , República de Panamá
authors.forename: Celestino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.affiliation: b Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP) , Panamá , República de Panamá , and.
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Loaiza
authors.affiliation: b Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP) , Panamá , República de Panamá , and.
authors.forename: Luis Fernando
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: De León
authors.affiliation: c Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Panamá , República de Panamá
authors.forename: W Owen
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biology , Villanova University , Villanova , PA , USA .|b Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP) , Panamá , República de Panamá , and.|c Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Panamá , República de Panamá
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059646:Genome Size; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D010176:Panama; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D046370:Sparrows / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase
keywords: Mitogenome; neotropical bird; secondary contact