title: Effects of statin use on the response duration to androgen deprivation therapy in metastatic prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether statin use delays the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in patients with metastatic prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 171 patients with metastatic prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis who were treated with ADT between January 1997 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified into two groups: the nonstatin use group (A group) and the statin use group (B group). Multivariate analysis was performed on statin use and other factors considered likely to have an effect on the time to progression to CRPC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 67.1±9.1 years, and the mean follow-up period was 52 months. The mean initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 537 ng/mL. Of the 171 patients, 125 (73%) were in group A and 46 (27%) were in group B. The time to progression to CRPC was 22.7 months in group A and 30.5 months in group B, and this difference was significant (p=0.032). Blood cholesterol and initial PSA levels did not differ significantly according to the time to progression to CRPC (p=0.288, p=0.198). Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression method showed that not having diabetes (p=0.037) and using a statin (p=0.045) significantly increased the odds ratio of a longer progression to CRPC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Statin use in metastatic prostate cancer patients appears to delay the progression to CRPC. Large-scale, long-term follow-up studies are needed to validate this finding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaeyoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chunwoo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chanwoo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Taekmin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dalsan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In Gab
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hanjong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Choung-Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D065840:Protective Factors; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
keywords: Castration-resistant prostatic neoplasms; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductatse inhibitors; Metastatic prostatic neoplasm