title: Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Captive Wildlife at Zhengzhou Zoo, China.
abstract: Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are common gastrointestinal protists in humans and animals. Two hundred and three fecal specimens from 80 wildlife species were collected in Zhengzhou Zoo and their genomic DNA extracted. Three intestinal pathogens were characterized with a DNA sequence analysis of different loci. Cryptosporidium felis, C. baileyi, and avian genotype III were identified in three specimens (1.5%), the manul, red-crowned crane, and cockatiel, respectively. Giardia duodenalis was also found in five specimens (2.5%) firstly: assemblage B in a white-cheeked gibbon and beaver, and assemblage F in a Chinese leopard and two Siberian tigers, respectively. Thirteen genotypes of E. bieneusi (seven previously reported genotypes and six new genotypes) were detected in 32 specimens (15.8%), of which most were reported for the first time. A phylogenetic analysis of E. bieneusi showed that five genotypes (three known and two new) clustered in group 1; three known genotypes clustered in group 2; one known genotype clustered in group 4; and the remaining four genotypes clustered in a new group. In conclusion, zoonotic Cryptosporidium spp., G. duodenalis, and E. bieneusi are maintained in wildlife and transmitted between them. Zoonotic disease outbreaks of these infectious agents possibly originate in wildlife reservoirs.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.|International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
authors.forename: Junqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.|International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.|International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
authors.forename: Yankai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.|International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
authors.forename: Rongjun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhengzhou Zoo, Zhengzhou, 45000, China.
authors.forename: Tongyi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.|International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
authors.forename: Haiju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.|International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
authors.forename: Longxian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000469:parasitology*; D002681:China; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D021862:Enterocytozoon / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan
keywords: Genotyping