title: [Stages of grief in diabetes and metabolic control].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To identify type 2 diabetic patients, the stages of grief and its association with metabolic control.
  
  
  METHODS
  186 patients both sexes, without recent loss of a loved one or a terminal illness. We applied a previously validated instrument, which explored the stages of grief (denial, anger/disbelief, bargaining, depression, and acceptance). There was measured BMI, waist circumference, and 6-month averages of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The associations between the stages of grief and clinical variables showed that BMI is greater denial 33.1 ± 6.2 vs 28.9 ± 4.6 33.1 with p = 0.001, in disbelief stage glucose is greater 190 ± 67 vs 167 ± 51 with p < 0.05. The negotiation phase is associated with older age, 65.6 ± 10 vs 59.1 ± 11 years with p = 0.001 and higher cholesterol level against 229.4 ± 39.1 vs 206.6 ± 40 with p < 0.05. The stage of depression was associated with increased diagnostic time vs. 13.3 ± 8.9 vs 9.4 ± 7.1 years with p < 0.05 and the blood glucose level 198.9 ± 60, vs 164 ± 51 mg/dL p = 0.001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are logical associations between clinical variables and stages of grief. Identify the stages of grief, as an additional element in the evaluation of patients with diabetes will develop strategies to improve adherence to medical management and metabolic control.
authors.affiliation: Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México. rodmoc@prodigy.net.mx.
authors.forename: José Raymundo
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Moctezuma
authors.forename: María Elisa
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: López-Delgado
authors.forename: Alma Rosa
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Aguirre
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Luna
authors.forename: Luis Rafael
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: López-Ocaña
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chacón-Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006117:Grief; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011581:Psychological Tests; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Grief; Metabolic control; Type 2 diabetes mellitus