title: Cytotoxic effect of nanosilver particles on testicular tissue: Evidence for biochemical stress and Hsp70-2 protein expression.
abstract: Lastly, there are growing evidences that nanosilver (NS) particles highly induce cytotoxic impacts in vitro and in vivo. Here, we analyzed the dose dependent effect of NS on histological changes, biochemical alterations and endocrine statuses, sperm parameters as well as chaperone Hsp70-2 expression. NS particles (50-60nm) were administrated in 3 doses of 0.5, 1 and 5mg/kg, intraperitoneally, for 35 days. The 0.3mL normal saline was administrated in control-sham group. Histological alterations, sperm parameters, serum levels of LH, FSH and testosterone were evaluated. Germinal and Leydig cells RNA damage, Leydig cells steroidogenic foci, the testicular and sperm total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) levels, immunohistochemical (IHC) expression and mRNA level of Hsp70-2 were analyzed. The NS, dose dependently, resulted in enhanced germinal cells degeneration, necrosis, seminiferous tubules atrophy and decreased serum levels of LH, FSH and testosterone. Elevated germinal and Leydig cells RNA damage associated with increased sperm abnormalities were observed in NS-treated groups. Expression of Hsp70-2 was up-regulated in 0.5mg/kg, while its expression was decreased in 1 and 5mg/kg NS-treated groups. Testicular and sperm TAC levels reduced. However, the MDA and NO levels significantly (P<0.05) increased in all NS-treated groups. No histological and biochemical changes were detected in control-sham group. In conclusion, the NS particles exert their pathological impact via affecting testicular antioxidant and endocrine statuses, which in turn lead to diminished expression of Hsp70-2. Ultimately, by this mechanism NS particles adversely impact the cellular RNA, DNA and protein contents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Zari
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rezazadeh-Reyhani
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, Iran. Electronic address: Mazdak.razi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mazdak
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Razi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Malekinejad
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Rajabali
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sadrkhanlou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010316:Particle Size; D012834:Silver / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C490434:Hspa2 protein, mouse; D012834:Silver; D013739:Testosterone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone
keywords: Hsp70-2; Nanosilver; Oxidative stress; RNA damage; Sperm; Testis