title: miR-221 and miR-222 Simultaneously Target RECK and Regulate Growth and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although Helicobacter pylori infection is necessary for development of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), the underlying mechanism remains poorly defined. This study aimed to explore how miR-221 and miR-222 are dysregulated after H. pylori infection and how these 2 miRNAs are involved in pathological development of gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  qRT-PCR analysis was performed to quantify miR-221 and miR-222 expression in patients with H. pylori - induced chronic gastritis, H. pylori-negative healthy controls, and in gastric cancer tissues and the corresponding adjacent normal tissues. Cell models were used to verify the expression profile. Dual luciferase assay was performed to verify putative binding between miR-221 or miR-222 and RECK. A loss-and-gain function study was performed to assess the miR-221/miR-222-RECK axis in gastric cancer cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  H. pylori infection leads to significantly higher miR-221 and miR-222 expression. MiR-221 and miR-222 can bind the same sequence of RECK 3'UTR, thereby modulating its expression. Through simultaneous regulation over RECK, miR-221 and miR-222 can promote gastric cancer cell growth and invasion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The miR-221/miR-222-RECK axis might be an important path modulating H. pylori infection-related gastric cancer development.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Wenneng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Nian
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Huihua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Guoxin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D002470:Cell Survival; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; C525709:MIR221, human; C525710:MIR222, human; C115460:RECK protein, human