title: Spectral study of interaction between chondroitin sulfate and nanoparticles and its application in quantitative analysis.
abstract: In this work, the interaction between chondroitin sulfate (CS) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and silver nanoparticles (SNPs) was characterized for the first time. Plasma resonance scattering (PRS) and plasma resonance absorption (PRA) were used to investigate the characteristics of their spectrum. The results suggested that the CS with negative charge could interact with metal nanoparticles with negative charge and the adsorption of CS on the surface of SNPs was more regular than that of GNPs. The resonance scattering spectra also further confirmed the interaction between CS and SNPs. A new method for detection of CS based on the interaction was developed. CS concentrations in the range of 0.02-3.5 μg/mL were proportional to the decreases of absorbance of SNPs. Compared with other reported methods, the proposed method is simple and workable without complex process, high consumption and expensive equipments. The developed method was applied to the determination of the CS contents from different biological origins and the results were compared with those obtained by the method of Chinese Pharmacopeia. The effects of matrix in plasma and other glycosaminoglycans on the determination of CS were also investigated. The results showed that a small quantity of blood plasma had no effect on the determination of CS and when the concentration ratio of CS to heparin was more than 10:1, the influence of heparin on the detection of CS could be ignored. This work gave a specific research direction for the detection of CS in the presence of metal nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China.
authors.forename: Maojie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Quality Assurance Department, Shandong Lukang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jining 272021, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. Electronic address: liuxium@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiumei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China. Electronic address: guanglianzhou@126.com.
authors.forename: Guanglian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002021:Buffers; D002417:Cattle; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D012834:Silver; D006046:Gold; D006493:Heparin; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates
keywords: Chondroitin sulfate; Interaction; Nanoparticles; Quantitative analysis; Spectrum