title: Leisure and social participation in patients 4-10 years after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the long-term resumption of leisure and social activities in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) and to determine the role of executive dysfunction and aneurysms in anterior brain regions in particular.
  
  
  METHODS
  Leisure and social functioning of 200 patients with aSAH having anterior or posterior aneurysms was determined using the Role Resumption List (RRL). Executive functioning was investigated using the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) and sub-scales Social Convention (SC) and Executive Cognition (EC). Mood, fatigue and cognitive problems were investigated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Brain Injury Symptom Checklist (BISC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all patients, 46.5% reported complete return to previous leisure activities and 61.5% reported no changes in social interactions. HADS depression score, fatigue, DEX-EC sub-scale score and work status post-aSAH were predictors of leisure resumption. For social re-integration, HADS depression score, cognitive problems and fatigue were predictors. Aneurysm location did not influence leisure and social re-integration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A substantial number of the patients still experience problems in resuming previous activities in the chronic phase post-aSAH, influenced by cognitive, executive and depressive problems, as well as current work status and fatigue. Aneurysm location does not seem to influence this resumption.
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Neuropsychology and.
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Buunk
authors.affiliation: b Department of Neurosurgery , University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rob J M
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.affiliation: b Department of Neurosurgery , University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wencke S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Veenstra
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Neuropsychology and.
authors.forename: Jacoba M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Spikman
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007899:Leisure Activities / Q000523:psychology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D058992:Social Participation / Q000523:psychology*; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Activities of daily living; cognition; executive functioning; social re-integration