title: Comparative study of anti-angiogenic activities of luteolin, lectin and lupeol biomolecules.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiogenesis is a hallmark feature in the initiation, progression and growth of tumour. There are various factors for promotion of angiogenesis on one hand and on the other hand, biomolecules have been reported to inhibit cancer through anti-angiogenesis mechanism. Biomolecules, for instance, luteolin, lectin and lupeol are known to suppress cancer. This study aims to compare and evaluate the biomolecule(s) like luteolin, lupeol and lectin on CAM assay and HT-29 cell culture to understand the efficacy of these drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The biomolecules have been administered on CAM assay, HT-29 cell culture, cell migration assay. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis of the identified targets of these biomolecules have been performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Luteolin has been found to be better in inhibiting angiogenesis on CAM assay in comparison to lupeol and lectin. In line with this study when biomolecules was administered on cell migration assay via scratch assay method. We provided evidence that Luteolin was again found to be better in inhibiting HT-29 cell migration. In order to identify the target sites of luteolin for inhibition, we used software analysis for identifying the best molecular targets of luteolin. Using software analysis best target protein molecule of these biomolecules have been identified. VEGF was found to be one of the target of luteolin. Studies have found several critical point mutation in VEGF A, B and C. Hence docking analysis of all biomolecules with VEGFR have been performed. Multiple allignment result have shown that the receptors are conserved at the docking site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, it can be concluded that luteolin is not only comparatively better in inhibiting blood vessel in CAM assay, HT-29 cell proliferation and cell migration assay rather the domain of VEGFR is conserved to be targeted by luteolin, lupeol and lectin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India. rashmiambasta@gmail.com.|School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, University (VITU), Vellore, India. rashmiambasta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rashmi K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Ambasta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India. jhasaurabh017@gmail.com.|School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, University (VITU), Vellore, India. jhasaurabh017@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Saurabh Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India. dhiraj1188@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dhiraj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India. sharmarenu2707@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Renu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India. nirajkumarjha2011@gmail.com.|School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, University (VITU), Vellore, India. nirajkumarjha2011@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Niraj Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Jha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India. Pravir.Kumar@tufts.edu.|School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, University (VITU), Vellore, India. Pravir.Kumar@tufts.edu.|Neurology Department, Adjunct Faculty, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Pravir.Kumar@tufts.edu.
authors.forename: Pravir
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008024:Ligands; D047311:Luteolin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000094042:Lupanes
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D037102:Lectins; D008024:Ligands; D047311:Luteolin; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1; C010480:lupeol; D000094042:Lupanes