title: Predicting isoproturon long-term mineralization from short-term experiment: Can this be a suitable approach?
abstract: A worldwide used pesticide - isoproturon (IPU) - was selected to test whether short-term experiments can be used to predict long-term mineralization of IPU in soil. IPU-mineralization was measured for 39 and 265 days in four different agricultural soils with a low mineralization dynamic. Additionally, in one soil IPU dissipation, formation and dissipation of metabolites, formation of non-extractable residues (NER) and (14)C-microbial biomass from (14)C-IPU were monitored for 39 and 265 days. The data from short-term and long-term experiments were used for model fitting. The long-term dynamics of IPU mineralization were considerably overestimated by the short-term experiments in two soils with neutral pH, while in two other soils with low pH and lower mineralization, the long-term mineralization of IPU could be sufficiently predicted. Additional investigations in one of the soils with neutral pH showed that dissipation of IPU and metabolites could be correctly predicted by the short-term experiment. However, the formation of NER and (14)C-microbial biomass were remarkably overestimated by the short-term experiment. Further, it could be shown that the released NER and (14)C-microbial biomass were the main contributors of (14)CO2 formation at later incubation stages. Taken together, our results indicate that in soils with neutral pH short-term experiments were inadequate to predict the long-term mineralization of IPU.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dörfler
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Electronic address: schroll@helmholtz-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Reiner
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schroll
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005858:Germany; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C028904:isoproturon
keywords: (14)C-microbial biomass; Kinetics; Mineralization; Non-extractable residues; Prediction