title: Feasibility of Using Volumetric Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound with a 3-D Transducer to Evaluate Therapeutic Response after Targeted Therapy in Rabbit Hepatic VX2 Carcinoma.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) with a 3-D transducer to evaluate therapeutic responses to targeted therapy. Rabbits with hepatic VX2 carcinomas, divided into a treatment group (n = 22, 30 mg/kg/d sorafenib) and a control group (n = 13), were evaluated with DCE-US using 2-D and 3-D transducers and computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging at baseline and 1 d after the first treatment. Perfusion parameters were collected, and correlations between parameters were analyzed. In the treatment group, both volumetric and 2-D DCE-US perfusion parameters, including peak intensity (33.2 ± 19.9 vs. 16.6 ± 10.7, 63.7 ± 20.0 vs. 30.1 ± 19.8), slope (15.3 ± 12.4 vs. 5.7 ± 4.5, 37.3 ± 20.4 vs. 15.7 ± 13.0) and area under the curve (AUC; 1004.1 ± 560.3 vs. 611.4 ± 421.1, 1332.2 ± 708.3 vs. 670.4 ± 388.3), had significantly decreased 1 d after the first treatment (p = 0.00). In the control group, 2-D DCE-US revealed that peak intensity, time to peak and slope had significantly changed (p < 0.05); however, volumetric DCE-US revealed that peak intensity, time-intensity AUC, AUC during wash-in and AUC during wash-out had significantly changed (p = 0.00). CT perfusion imaging parameters, including blood flow, blood volume and permeability of the capillary vessel surface, had significantly decreased in the treatment group (p = 0.00); however, in the control group, peak intensity and blood volume had significantly increased (p = 0.00). It is feasible to use DCE-US with a 3-D transducer to predict early therapeutic response after targeted therapy because perfusion parameters, including peak intensity, slope and AUC, significantly decreased, which is similar to the trend observed for 2-D DCE-US and CT perfusion imaging parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jeehyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: jhkim2008@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jung Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Seok
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Youngsan-Ku, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Koo
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Ihn
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D007089:Image Enhancement; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011817:Rabbits; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D000077157:Sorafenib; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib
keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Liver cancer; Perfusion; Sorafenib; Ultrasonography