title: Physiologic MRI for assessment of response to therapy and prognosis in glioblastoma.
abstract: Aside from bidimensional measurements from conventional contrast-enhanced MRI, there are no validated or FDA-qualified imaging biomarkers for high-grade gliomas. However, advanced functional MRI techniques, including perfusion- and diffusion-weighted MRI, have demonstrated much potential for determining prognosis, predicting therapeutic response, and assessing early treatment response. They may also prove useful for differentiating pseudoprogression from true progression after temozolomide chemoradiation and pseudoresponse from true response after anti-angiogenic therapy. This review will highlight recent developments using these techniques and emphasize the need for technical standardization and validation in prospective studies in order for these methods to become incorporated into standard-of-care imaging for brain tumor patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (M.S.S.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island (J.L.B.); Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California (W.B.P.).
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shiroishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (M.S.S.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island (J.L.B.); Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California (W.B.P.).
authors.forename: Jerrold L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Boxerman
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (M.S.S.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island (J.L.B.); Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California (W.B.P.).
authors.forename: Whitney B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Pope
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis
keywords: diffusion; high-grade glioma; imaging biomarker; perfusion; physiologic imaging