title: Advances and needs for endotoxin-free production strains.
abstract: The choice of an appropriate microbial host cell and suitable production conditions is crucial for the downstream processing of pharmaceutical- and food-grade products. Although Escherichia coli serves as a highly valuable leading platform for the production of value-added products, like most Gram-negative bacteria, this bacterium contains a potent immunostimulatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS), referred to as an endotoxin. In contrast, Gram-positive bacteria, notably Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Corynebacterium, and yeasts have been extensively used as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) endotoxin-free platforms for the production of a variety of products. This review summarizes the currently available knowledge on the utilization of these representative Gram-positive bacteria for the production of eco- and bio-friendly products, particularly natural polyesters, polyhydroxyalkanoates, bacteriocins, and membrane proteins. The successful case studies presented here serve to inspire the use of these microorganisms as a main-player or by-player depending on their individual properties for the industrial production of these desirable targets.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan. staguchi@eng.hokudai.ac.jp.|CREST, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012 Japan. staguchi@eng.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.|CREST, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012 Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Kitakyushu National College of Technology, 5-20-1 Shii, Kokuraminami-ku, Kitakyushu, 802-0985, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouhei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsusaki
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000378:metabolism; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001702:Biopharmaceutics; D003352:Corynebacterium / Q000378:metabolism; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D017045:Lactococcus / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011091:Polyesters / Q000378:metabolism; D054813:Polyhydroxyalkanoates / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015003:Yeasts / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001430:Bacteriocins; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D004731:Endotoxins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011091:Polyesters; D054813:Polyhydroxyalkanoates
keywords: Bacteriocins; Food-grade Gram-positive bacteria; Lipopolysaccharide; Membrane proteins; Polyhydroxyalkanoates; Yeasts