title: Efficient alachlor degradation by the filamentous fungus Paecilomyces marquandii with simultaneous oxidative stress reduction.
abstract: The acceleration of alachlor degradation by Paecilomyces marquandii under controlled and optimized conditions of fungal cultivation in liquid batches was observed (by ca. 20% in comparison to the flask cultures). Acidic environment and oxygen limitation resulted in deterioration of herbicide elimination. Efficient xenobiotic degradation did not correlate with free radicals formation, but some conditions of bioreactor cultivation such as neutral pH and oxygen enriched atmosphere (pO2⩾30%) caused a decrease in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in mycelia. The changes in the glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AA) levels, also in the dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities showed active response of the tested fungus against alachlor induced oxidative stress. These results will contribute to the improvement of chloroacetanilides elimination by fungi and extend the knowledge concerning oxidative stress induction and fungal cellular defense.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Mirosława
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Słaba
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Różalska
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernat
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Szewczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Milena A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Piątek
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland. Electronic address: jdlugo@biol.uni.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Długoński
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010143:Paecilomyces / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D006540:Herbicides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000188:alachlor; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Alachlor; Biodegradation; Chloroacetanilides; Paecilomyces marquandii; ROS