title: Effectiveness of bulking agents for co-composting penicillin mycelial dreg (PMD) and sewage sludge in pilot-scale system.
abstract: Penicillin mycelial dreg (PMD) has a distinguishing characteristic of the high content of penicillin residue and nutrients. The existing handling of PMD used as feed additive of livestock and poultry is facing a direct challenge of penicillin transportation into environment due to the inadequate absorption through the digestive system. This work aims at examining the feasibility of co-composting of PMD with sewage sludge (SWS) in a pilot-scale system and evaluating the effect of four bulking agents. Seven treatments were co-composted over a 32-day period in 390-L reactors using the same PMD and SWS with different bulking agents, corresponding to the seven formulas (T-1: PMD + SWS + RS; T-2: PMD + SWS + WS; T-3: PMD + SWS + RS + SD; T-4: PMD + SWS + WS + SD; T-5: PMD + SWS + SD; T-6: PMD + SWS + RS + WS; control: PMD + SWS). The parameters monitored over this period included temperature, organic matter (OM), TN, NH4(+)-N, NO3(-)-N, pH, EC, penicillin residue, as well as germination index (GI). The results showed that co-composting PMD and SWS with BA is feasible. The highest rate of OM mineralization was observed in T-3, while below 30% for T-2, T-4, and T-5. Furthermore, the SD addition resulted in both the increase in the duration of thermophilic stage and maximum temperature and the decrease in TN losses, particularly in T-3, suggesting that the formula of the T-3 is very suitable option for the co-composting of PMD and SWS.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China.|School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243002, China.
authors.forename: Shihua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China. 05553@163.com.
authors.forename: Qinxue
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Wenyan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243002, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000737:chemistry*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil
keywords: Bulking agent; Co-composting; Penicillin mycelial dreg; Sewage sludge