title: Transplant to treatment-free remission: the evolving view of 'cure' in chronic myeloid leukemia.
abstract: Before the introduction of the BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was the leading indication for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), and allogeneic HSCT remains the only treatment recognized as curative for CML. The success of imatinib and other TKIs (e.g., nilotinib, dasatinib) has made allogeneic HSCT a later-line therapy that is reserved only for advanced-phase, high-risk, or TKI-resistant patients with CML. Accumulating evidence from clinical trials investigating treatment-free remission suggests that TKIs may also provide an operational cure for some patients with CML. Herein, we discuss the concept of cure in CML and the current roles of both HSCT and TKIs in the treatment of CML.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, and School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA Pathology (RAH campus), P.O. Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
authors.forename: Agnes S M
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: Eolia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brissot
authors.affiliation: e 5 Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 3927 Vanderbilt Clinic, Nashville, TN 37232-5505, USA.
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
authors.affiliation: e 5 Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 3927 Vanderbilt Clinic, Nashville, TN 37232-5505, USA.
authors.forename: Bipin N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Savani
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohty
mesh_terms: D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012074:Remission Induction; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000379:methods*
keywords: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant; chronic myeloid leukemia; cure; treatment-free remission; tyrosine kinase inhibitor