title: Differential Induction of Type I and Type III Interferons by Swine and Human Origin H1N1 Influenza A Viruses in Porcine Airway Epithelial Cells.
abstract: Interferons (IFNs) have been shown to inhibit influenza A virus (IAV) replication and play an essential role in controlling viral infection. Here we studied the kinetics and magnitude of induction of type I and type III IFN transcripts by primary porcine airway epithelial cells (pAECs) in response to swine and human origin IAV. We observed that swine influenza viruses (SIV) replicate more efficiently than the human pandemic influenza A/California/2009 (pH1N1 CA/09) in pAECs. Interestingly, we also found significant difference in kinetics of IFN-β, IFN-λ1 and IFN-λ3 gene expression by these viruses. While there was delay of up to 12 hours post infection (h p.i.) in induction of IFN genes in pAECs infected with swine IAV A/Sw/Illinois/2008 (H1N1 IL/08), human pH1N1 CA/09 rapidly induced IFN-β, IFN-λ1 and IFN-λ3 gene expression as early as 4 h p.i. However, the magnitude of IFN-β and IFN-λ3 induction at 24 h p.i. was not significantly different between the viral strains tested. Additionally, we found that swine H1N1 IL/08 was less sensitive to dsRNA induced antiviral response compared to human pH1N1 CA/09. Our data suggest that the human and swine IAVs differ in their ability to induce and respond to type I and type III interferons in swine cells. Swine origin IAV may have adapted to the pig host by subverting innate antiviral responses to viral infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Venkatramana D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roach
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Nathan A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Zaidman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panoskaltsis-Mortari
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jessica H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rotschafer
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: O'Grady
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Maxim C-J
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cheeran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D007372:Interferons / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D007372:Interferons