title: V-ATPase: a master effector of E2F1-mediated lysosomal trafficking, mTORC1 activation and autophagy.
abstract: In addition to being a master regulator of cell cycle progression, E2F1 regulates other associated biological processes, including growth and malignancy. Here, we uncover a regulatory network linking E2F1 to lysosomal trafficking and mTORC1 signaling that involves v-ATPase regulation. By immunofluorescence and time-lapse microscopy we found that E2F1 induces the movement of lysosomes to the cell periphery, and that this process is essential for E2F1-induced mTORC1 activation and repression of autophagy. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments reveal that E2F1 regulates v-ATPase activity and inhibition of v-ATPase activity repressed E2F1-induced lysosomal trafficking and mTORC1 activation. Immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that E2F1 induces the recruitment of v-ATPase to lysosomal RagB GTPase, suggesting that E2F1 regulates v-ATPase activity by enhancing the association of V0 and V1 v-ATPase complex. Analysis of v-ATPase subunit expression identified B subunit of V0 complex, ATP6V0B, as a transcriptional target of E2F1. Importantly, ATP6V0B ectopic-expression increased v-ATPase and mTORC1 activity, consistent with ATP6V0B being responsible for mediating the effects of E2F1 on both responses. Our findings on lysosomal trafficking, mTORC1 activation and autophagy suppression suggest that pharmacological intervention at the level of v-ATPase may be an efficacious avenue for the treatment of metastatic processes in tumors overexpressing E2F1.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.|Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Meo-Evoli
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.|Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
authors.forename: Eugènia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Almacellas
authors.affiliation: Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain.
authors.forename: Francesco Alessandro
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Massucci
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gentilella
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Bioquímica, Dep. Ciències Fisiològiques II, Facultat de Medicina, Campus Universitari de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ambrosio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.|Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.|Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA.
authors.forename: Sara C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kozma
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.|Unitat de Bioquímica, Dep. Ciències Fisiològiques II, Facultat de Medicina, Campus Universitari de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.|Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.|Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.|Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tauler
mesh_terms: D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; C493753:E2F1 protein, human; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases
keywords: E2F1; autophagy; lysosomes; mTORC1; v-ATPase