title: Silymarin and protein kinase A inhibitor modulate glucose-mediated mouse sperm motility: An in vitro study.
abstract: Glucose is suggested to play a key role in motility hyperactivation of mammalian spermatozoa. The current study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of silymarin and/or a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor (H-89) on glucose-mediated motility parameters of mouse spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were incubated in HEPES medium containing normal (NG; 5.5mM) or high (HG; 25 mM) glucose concentration. The results of computer-assisted analysis showed that samples incubated in HG resulted in a larger (p < 0.05) percentage of motile spermatozoa at 120 min (59.5 ± 14.8% vs. 34.0 ± 4.4%) compared to those incubated in NG. The average pathway velocity (VAP), curvilinear velocity (VCL), and straight-line velocity (VSL) exhibited similar patterns at 60 and 120 min when incubated in HG (p < 0.05). Treatments with silymarin (5, 10, 20 μg/mL) did not significantly affect sperm motility under NG conditions, but decreased the HG-enhanced motility, VAP, and VCL at 120 min (p < 0.05). H-89 (30 μM) reduced (p < 0.05) motility at 30 min examined in the NG or HG medium. At 90 min, H-89 also reduced (p < 0.05) the HG-enhanced motility of spermatozoa incubated with or without 20 μg/mL silymarin by 49% or 32%, respectively. In conclusion, the H-89-inhibition of glucose-mediated mouse sperm motility and certain types of velocity suggests that the glycolysis-PKA pathway is involved in the regulation of sperm motility. Silymarin may maintain sperm motility under NG conditions, but it inhibits glucose-activated sperm motility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: General Education, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Chern
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: thwu@tmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Tzu-Hua
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012661:Semen / Q000187:drug effects; D012838:Silymarin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007546:Isoquinolines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D012838:Silymarin; D013449:Sulfonamides; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D005947:Glucose; C063509:N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide
keywords: Computer-assisted semen analysis; Glucose; Mouse; Protein kinase A pathway; Sperm motility parameters