title: Effect of conventional and sugar free pediatric syrup formulations on primary tooth enamel hardness: An in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess and compare the effect of conventional and sugar free pediatric syrup formulations on primary tooth enamel hardness over a period of 14 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in vitro study was done on 40 noncarious deciduous teeth. 10 teeth in each group were dipped in 4 pediatric medicinal syrups (1 sugarfree and 3 conventional) for 1 min thrice daily for 14 days and the enamel surface micro hardness was checked at baseline, 7 th day and 14 th day by Vickers hardness testing machine. The pH, titratable acidity and buffering capacity of the syrups were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pH of syrups were above critical pH for demineralization of the tooth but tiratable acidity and buffering capacity differed. ANOVA test indicated that the reduction in mean micro hardness was maximum in Group D (Conventional Analgesic syrup) and least in Group A (Sugarfree cough syrup) on 7 th and 14 th day. On intergroup comparison there was no difference (P > 0.05) in micro hardness between Group B (Conventional Cough syrup) and Group C (Conventional Antibiotic). However, highly significant (P < 0.01) difference between the either pair of Group B with Group D, and Group C with Group D on 14 th day. The percentage reduction in micro hardness on 14 th day was maximum for Group D (24.4 ± 2.2) and minimum for Group A (14.0 ± 1.3) which was statistically significant (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sugar free pediatric medicines can be effective in reducing dental erosion and efforts should be made to incorporate sugar substitutes in formulation of pediatric medicines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Gaurao Vasant
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Mali
authors.forename: Arun Suresh
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dodamani
authors.forename: Gundabaktha Nagappa
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Karibasappa
authors.forename: Prashanth Vishwakarma
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Vardhaman Mulchand
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Jain
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000996:Antitussive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000996:Antitussive Agents; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013012:Sorbitol; D005947:Glucose