title: Assessment at UK medical schools varies substantially in volume, type and intensity and correlates with postgraduate attainment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the United Kingdom (UK), medical schools are free to develop local systems and policies that govern student assessment and progression. Successful completion of an undergraduate medical degree results in the automatic award of a provisional licence to practice medicine by the General Medical Council (GMC). Such a licensing process relies heavily on the assumption that individual schools develop similarly rigorous assessment policies. Little work has evaluated variability of undergraduate medical assessment between medical schools. That absence is important in the light of the GMC's recent announcement of the introduction of the UKMLA (UK Medical Licensing Assessment) for all doctors who wish to practise in the UK. The present study aimed to quantify and compare the volume, type and intensity of summative assessment across medicine (A100) courses in the United Kingdom, and to assess whether intensity of assessment correlates with the postgraduate attainment of doctors from these schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  Locally knowledgeable students in each school were approached to take part in guided-questionnaire interviews via telephone or Skype(TM). Their understanding of assessment at their medical school was probed, and later validated with the assessment department of the respective medical school. We gathered data for 25 of 27 A100 programmes in the UK and compared volume, type and intensity of assessment between schools. We then correlated these data with the mean first-attempt score of graduates sitting MRCGP and MRCP(UK), as well as with UKFPO selection measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median written assessment volume across all schools was 2000 min (mean = 2027, SD = 586, LQ = 1500, UQ = 2500, range = 1000-3200) and 1400 marks (mean = 1555, SD = 463, LQ = 1200, UQ = 1800, range = 1100-2800). The median practical assessment volume was 400 min (mean = 472, SD = 207, LQ = 400, UQ = 600, range = 200-1000). The median intensity (minutes per mark ratio) of summative written assessment was 1.24 min per mark (mean = 1.28, SD = 0.30, LQ = 1.11, UQ = 1.37, range = 0.85-2.08). An exploratory analysis suggested a significant correlation of total assessment time with mean first-attempt score on both the knowledge and the clinical assessments of MRCGP and of MRCP(UK).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are substantial differences in the volume, format and intensity of undergraduate assessment between UK medical schools. These findings suggest a potential for differences in the reliability of detecting poorly performing students, or differences in identifying and stratifying academically equivalent students for ranking in the Foundation Programme Application System (FPAS). Furthermore, these differences appear to directly correlate with performance in postgraduate examinations. Taken together, our findings highlight highly variable local assessment procedures that warrant further investigation to establish their potential impact on students.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. oliver.devine@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Oliver Patrick
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Devine
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK. andyharborne@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Andrew Christopher
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Harborne
authors.affiliation: UCL Medical School, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. i.mcmanus@ucl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: McManus
mesh_terms: D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004522:Educational Status; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008004:Licensure / Q000592:standards; D012577:Schools, Medical / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006113:United Kingdom