title: Extensive Analysis of GmFTL and GmCOL Expression in Northern Soybean Cultivars in Field Conditions.
abstract: The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene is a highly conserved florigen gene among flowering plants. Soybean genome encodes six homologs of FT, which display flowering activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, their contributions to flowering time in different soybean cultivars, especially in field conditions, are unclear. We employed six soybean cultivars with different maturities to extensively investigate expression patterns of GmFTLs (Glycine max FT-like) and GmCOLs (Glycine max CO-like) in the field conditions. The results show that GmFTL3 is an FT homolog with the highest transcript abundance in soybean, but other GmFTLs may also contribute to flower induction with different extents, because they have more or less similar expression patterns in developmental-, leaf-, and circadian-specific modes. And four GmCOL genes (GmCOL1/2/5/13) may confer to the expression of GmFTL genes. Artificial manipulation of GmFTL expression by transgenic strategy (overexpression and RNAi) results in a distinct change in soybean flowering time, indicating that GmFTLs not only impact on the control of flowering time, but have potential applications in the manipulation of photoperiodic adaptation in soybean. Additionally, transgenic plants show that GmFTLs play a role in formation of the first flowers and in vegetative growth.
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Guangyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jinlong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Mingyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Fulu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Linpo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhang-Ying
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bachmair
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Qingshan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Fu
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000502:physiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors