title: Deletion of arcA increased the production of acetyl-CoA-derived chemicals in recombinant Escherichia coli.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acetyl-CoA is used to produce many valuable metabolites in Escherichia coli. However, acetate overflow is a major shortcoming. Knockout of the global regulator gene, arcA, may solve this problem.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The arcA gene of E. coli BL21(DE3) was knocked out, and the production of phloroglucinol (PG) and 3-hydroxypropionate (3HP), both derived from acetyl-CoA, were used to evaluate its effect. The arcA mutants had higher cell yields and higher glucose utilization efficiencies than the corresponding control strains, and the productions of PG and 3HP were 0.92 g/l and 0.27 g/l, respectively; more than twice that of the control strains. Furthermore, arcA knockout also showed significant repression on formation of acetate, the major byproduct in fermentation. Acetate concentrations were decreased 69.4 % and 87 % by arcA knockout during the production of PG and 3HP, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The arcA gene knockout is a solution to acetate overflow and may improve production of a wide range of acetyl-CoA-derived metabolites.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xian
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
authors.forename: Yamei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China. liuhuizhou@qibebt.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Huizhou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China. zhaogao@qibebt.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Gao
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0002-5972
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A / Q000737:chemistry*; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005285:Fermentation; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C041610:arcA protein, E coli; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A; C031601:hydracrylic acid; D010696:Phloroglucinol
keywords: 3-Hydroxypropionate; Acetate-derived metabolites; Acetyl-CoA; Escherichia coli; Phloroglucinol; arcA