title: Thyroid dysfunction in Chinese hepatitis C patients: Prevalence and correlation with TPOAb and CXCL10.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship among pretreatment serum CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels and thyroid dysfunction (TD) in Chinese hepatitis C patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty-nine treatment-naive genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients with no history of TD or treatment with thyroid hormones were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin (PegIFNα-2a/RBV) treatment for 48 wk, followed by detection of clinical factors at each follow-up point. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies were analyzed using microsomal chemiluminescence, and serum HCV RNA was measured by real-time PCR assay at 0, 4, 12, 24 and 48 wk after the initiation of therapy and 24 wk after the end of therapy. To assess thyroid function, serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triodothyronine (FT3) and TPOAb/thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) levels were determined using chemiluminescent immunoassays every 3 mo. Serum CXCL10 levels were determined at baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of TD was 18.0%. Twenty-one (84.0%) out of twenty-five patients exhibited normal thyroid function at week 24 after therapy. The rate of sustained virological response to PegIFNα-2a/RBV in our study was 59.0% (82/139), independent of thyroid function. Pretreatment serum CXCL10 levels were significantly increased in patients with euthyroid status compared with patients with TD (495.2 ± 244.2 pg/mL vs 310.0 ± 163.4 pg/mL, P = 0.012). Patients with TD were more frequently TPOAb-positive than non-TD (NTD) patients (24.2% vs 12.3%, P = 0.047) at baseline. Three of the one hundred and fifteen patients without TPOAb at baseline developed TD at the end of treatment (37.5% vs 2.6%, P = 0.000). Female patients exhibited an increased risk for developing TD compared with male patients (P = 0.014).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower pretreatment serum CXCL10 levels are associated with TD, and TD prevalence increases in female patients and patients who are positive for TPOAb at baseline.
authors.affiliation: Ren-Wen Zhang, Cui-Ping Shao, Na Huo, Min-Ran Li, Hong-Li Xi, Min Yu, Xiao-Yuan Xu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Ren-Wen
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Ren-Wen Zhang, Cui-Ping Shao, Na Huo, Min-Ran Li, Hong-Li Xi, Min Yu, Xiao-Yuan Xu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Cui-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Ren-Wen Zhang, Cui-Ping Shao, Na Huo, Min-Ran Li, Hong-Li Xi, Min Yu, Xiao-Yuan Xu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: Ren-Wen Zhang, Cui-Ping Shao, Na Huo, Min-Ran Li, Hong-Li Xi, Min Yu, Xiao-Yuan Xu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Min-Ran
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Ren-Wen Zhang, Cui-Ping Shao, Na Huo, Min-Ran Li, Hong-Li Xi, Min Yu, Xiao-Yuan Xu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: Ren-Wen Zhang, Cui-Ping Shao, Na Huo, Min-Ran Li, Hong-Li Xi, Min Yu, Xiao-Yuan Xu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Ren-Wen Zhang, Cui-Ping Shao, Na Huo, Min-Ran Li, Hong-Li Xi, Min Yu, Xiao-Yuan Xu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044466:Asian People; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000097:blood*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000276:immunology*; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015995:Prevalence; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D015415:Biomarkers; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C056626:thyroid microsomal antibodies; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C056658:TPO protein, human; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a
keywords: CXC chemokine ligand 10; China; Peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin; Thyroid dysfunction; Thyroid peroxidase antibody