title: Temperature seasonality during fry out-migration influences the survival of hatchery-reared chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta.
abstract: Among years, fry-to-adult survival of hatchery-reared chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta was positively correlated with the length (in days) of the fry out-migration period with temperatures suitable for migration. Furthermore, survival decreased with increasing difference in mean temperature between May and June. Thus, prolonged out-migration periods increased the probability of survival from fry to adult, lending support to the hypothesis that long migration periods decrease the risk of mortality (bet-hedging), and increase the probability of migration when environmental conditions in fresh water and the ocean are suitable (match-mismatch).
authors.affiliation: Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, 2-2 Nakanoshima, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-0922, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, 2-2 Nakanoshima, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-0922, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakashima
mesh_terms: D025041:Animal Migration; D000818:Animals; D005618:Fresh Water; D017685:Oncorhynchus keta / Q000502:physiology*; D012621:Seasons; D012623:Seawater; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: match-mismatch hypothesis; mortality; optimal environmental window