title: Assessment of heavy metals contamination in sediments from three adjacent regions of the Yellow River using metal chemical fractions and multivariate analysis techniques.
abstract: Metal chemical fractions obtained by optimized BCR three-stage extraction procedure and multivariate analysis techniques were exploited for assessing 7 heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Zn and Ni) in sediments from Gansu province, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions of the Yellow River in Northern China. The results indicated that higher susceptibility and bioavailability of Cr and Cd with a strong anthropogenic source were due to their higher availability in the exchangeable fraction. A portion of Pb, Cd, Co, Zn, and Ni in reducible fraction may be due to the fact that they can form stable complexes with Fe and Mn oxides. Substantial amount of Pb, Co, Ni and Cu was observed as oxidizable fraction because of their strong affinity to the organic matters so that they can complex with humic substances in sediments. The high geo-accumulation indexes (I(geo)) for Cr and Cd showed their higher environmental risk to the aquatic biota. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that high toxic Cr and Cd in polluted sites (Cd in S10, S11 and Cr in S13) may be contributed to anthropogenic sources, it was consistent with the results of dual hierarchical clustering analysis (DHCA), which could give more details about contributing sources.
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, 100012, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Mengjing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Liyang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Xuening
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Xinyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China. Electronic address: liuying4300@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Assessment; Heavy metal; Multivariate analysis techniques; Sediment; The Yellow River