title: Identification of a VxP Targeting Signal in the Flagellar Na+ /K+ -ATPase.
abstract: Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase (NKA) participates in setting electrochemical gradients, cardiotonic steroid signaling and cellular adhesion. Distinct isoforms of NKA are found in different tissues and subcellular localization patterns. For example, NKA α1 is widely expressed, NKA α3 is enriched in neurons and NKA α4 is a testes-specific isoform found in sperm flagella. In some tissues, ankyrin, a key component of the membrane cytoskeleton, can regulate the trafficking of NKA. In the retina, NKA and ankyrin-B are expressed in multiple cell types and immunostaining for each is striking in the synaptic layers. Labeling for NKA is also prominent along the inner segment plasma membrane (ISPM) of photoreceptors. NKA co-immunoprecipitates with ankyrin-B, but on a subcellular level colocalization of these two proteins varies dependent on the cell type. We used transgenic Xenopus laevis tadpoles to evaluate the subcellular trafficking of NKA in photoreceptors. GFP-NKA α3 and α1 are localized to the ISPM, but α4 is localized to outer segments (OSs). We identified a VxP motif responsible for the OS targeting by using a series of chimeric and mutant NKA constructs. This motif is similar to previously identified ciliary targeting motifs. Given the structural similarities between OSs and flagella, our findings shed light on the subcellular targeting of this testes-specific NKA isoform.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Laird
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.|Current address: Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Modestos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modestou
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University School of Medicine and West Virginia University Eye Institute, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.|Current address: Section for Translational Research in Retina & Macular Degeneration, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Hongman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University School of Medicine and West Virginia University Eye Institute, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
authors.forename: Maxim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sokolov
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Sheila A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D017487:Ankyrins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D005407:Flagella / Q000201:enzymology*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007814:Larva / Q000201:enzymology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D030781:Organisms, Genetically Modified; D021122:Protein Subunits; D021381:Protein Transport; D012160:Retina / Q000201:enzymology*; D055211:Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Inner Segment / Q000201:enzymology*; D055214:Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segment / Q000201:enzymology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017487:Ankyrins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase
keywords: ATP1a3; ATP1a4; ATPase; Muller glia; ankyrin; cilia; flagella; photoreceptors; retina; sperm; synapse; trafficking