title: (-)-Oleocanthal rapidly and selectively induces cancer cell death via lysosomal membrane permeabilization.
abstract: (-)-Oleocanthal (OC), a phenolic compound present in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), has been implicated in the health benefits associated with diets rich in EVOO. We investigated the effect of OC on human cancer cell lines in culture and found that OC induced cell death in all cancer cells examined as rapidly as 30 minutes after treatment in the absence of serum. OC treatment of non-transformed cells suppressed their proliferation but did not cause cell death. OC induced both primary necrotic and apoptotic cell death via induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). We provide evidence that OC promotes LMP by inhibiting acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity, which destabilizes the interaction between proteins required for lysosomal membrane stability. The data presented here indicate that cancer cells, which tend to have fragile lysosomal membranes compared to non-cancerous cells, are susceptible to cell death induced by lysosomotropic agents. Therefore, targeting lysosomal membrane stability represents a novel approach for the induction of cancer-specific cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences; Hunter College of the City University of New York; New York, NY USA ; Department of Natural Sciences; LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York; Long Island City, NY USA.
authors.forename: Onica
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: LeGendre
authors.affiliation: Rutgers University Department of Nutritional Sciences; New Brunswick, NJ USA ; Monell Chemical Senses Center; Philadelphia, PA USA.
authors.forename: Paul As
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Breslin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences; Hunter College of the City University of New York; New York, NY USA ; Department of Pharmacology; Weill-Cornell Medical College; New York, NY USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Foster
keywords: apoptosis; extra virgin olive oil; lysosomal membrane permeabilization; necrosis; oleocanthal