title: Side Effects of Chloroquine and Primaquine and Symptom Reduction in Malaria Endemic Area (Mâncio Lima, Acre, Brazil).
abstract: Side effects of antimalarial drug can overlap with malaria symptoms. We evaluated 50 patients with vivax malaria in Mâncio Lima, Acre, treated with chloroquine and primaquine. Patients were evaluated for the presence of 21 symptoms before and after treatment and for reported side effects of these drugs after treatment was started. The most frequent symptoms before medication were headache, fever, chills, sweating, arthralgia, back pain, and weakness, which were present in between 40% and 76% of respondents. The treatment reduced the occurrence of these symptoms and reduced the lack of appetite, but gastrointestinal symptoms and choluria increased in frequency. There were no reports of pale stools before medication, but 12% reported the occurrence of this symptom after treatment started. Other symptoms such as blurred vision (54%), pruritus (22%), paresthesia (6%), insomnia (46%), and "stings" into the skin (22%) were reported after chloroquine was taken. The antimalarial drugs used to treat P. vivax malaria reduce much of the systemic and algic symptoms but cause mainly gastrointestinal side effects that may lead to lack of adherence to drug treatment. It is important to guide the patient for the appearance and the transience of such side effects in order to avoid abandoning treatment.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cássio Braga E
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Camargo
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Athaid David Escalante
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Cayotopa
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wagner Werner
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andreus Roberto
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Schlosser
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Ferreira
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mardelson Nery
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Breno Wilson Benevides
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Alcântara
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Filgueira-Júnior
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wagner de Jesus
authors.initials: Wde J
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mônica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: da Silva-Nunes