title: Prophylactic Subacute Administration of Zinc Increases CCL2, CCR2, FGF2, and IGF-1 Expression and Prevents the Long-Term Memory Loss in a Rat Model of Cerebral Hypoxia-Ischemia.
abstract: Prophylactic subacute administration of zinc decreases lipoperoxidation and cell death following a transient cerebral hypoxia-ischemia, thus suggesting neuroprotective and preconditioning effects. Chemokines and growth factors are also involved in the neuroprotective effect in hypoxia-ischemia. We explored whether zinc prevents the cerebral cortex-hippocampus injury through regulation of CCL2, CCR2, FGF2, and IGF-1 expression following a 10 min of common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO). Male rats were grouped as follows: (1) Zn96h, rats injected with ZnCl2 (one dose every 24 h during four days); (2) Zn96h + CCAO, rats treated with ZnCl2 before CCAO; (3) CCAO, rats with CCAO only; (4) Sham group, rats with mock CCAO; and (5) untreated rats. The cerebral cortex-hippocampus was dissected at different times before and after CCAO. CCL2/CCR2, FGF2, and IGF-1 expression was assessed by RT-PCR and ELISA. Learning in Morris Water Maze was achieved by daily training during 5 days. Long-term memory was evaluated on day 7 after learning. Subacute administration of zinc increased expression of CCL2, CCR2, FGF2, and IGF-1 in the early and late phases of postreperfusion and prevented the CCAO-induced memory loss in the rat. These results might be explained by the induction of neural plasticity because of the expression of CCL2 and growth factors.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Victor Manuel
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Blanco-Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soto-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Hospital Regional 1° de Octubre, ISSSTE, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 1669, 07760 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Barrios
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07000 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martinez-Fong
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brambila
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Maricela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torres-Soto
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana Karina
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Peralta
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Vazquez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Constantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tomás-Sanchez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: I Daniel
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Limón
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología, BUAP, 14 Sur 6301, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Eguibar
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología, BUAP, 14 Sur 6301, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Araceli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ugarte
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jeanett
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Castillo
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, 14 Sur y Avenida San Claudio, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Bertha Alicia
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Leon-Chavez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000523:psychology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002712:Chlorides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D057567:Memory, Long-Term / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D054390:Receptors, CCR2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; C515336:Ccr2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D002712:Chlorides; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C548904:insulin-like growth factor-1, rat; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; C016837:zinc chloride