title: Sensitive simultaneous determination of 19 fluorobenzoic acids in saline waters by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: A solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure using C18 stationary phase was optimized for the preconcentration of 19 fluorinated derivatives of benzoic acid (FBA): mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrafluorosubstituted in the ring, trifluoromethylbenzoic acid and 3,5-bistrifluoromethyl benzoic acid from undiluted salt-rich (>20%) reservoir waters. Quantitative (>90%) retention/elution of 16 out of 19 analyte compounds was achieved allowing a fourfold preconcentration factor accompanied by the elimination of >99% of salt. For the three most polar compounds (2,6-dFBA, 2,3,6-tFBA, and 2,4,6-tFBA) the non-quantitative recoveries (>70%) were corrected by dedicated custom-synthesized deuterated internal standards. The FBAs were determined by HPLC - MS/MS revisited in terms of a choice of column, elution conditions and MS/MS signal acquisition parameters allowing the baseline separation and a gain in sensitivity. For a sample intake of 4 mL, detection limits for all the compounds in a reservoir water sample containing more than 20% salt were between 0.01 and 0.05 ng/mL which represents a gain of a factor of 10-20 in comparison with the state-of the art LC-MS/MS procedures for samples of similar complexity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str, Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kubica
authors.affiliation: SOBEGI, Laboratoire Contrôle et Environnement, Pôle 4, Av. du Lac, 64150 Mourenx, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garraud
authors.affiliation: CNRS/UPPA, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE-IPREM), Hélioparc, 2, Avenue Pr. Angot, 64053 Pau, France. Electronic address: joanna.szpunar@univ-pau.fr.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szpunar
authors.affiliation: CNRS/UPPA, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE-IPREM), Hélioparc, 2, Avenue Pr. Angot, 64053 Pau, France; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lobinski
mesh_terms: D001565:Benzoates / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000032:analysis*; D000068357:Saline Waters / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001565:Benzoates; D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Fluorobenzoic acids; LC–MS/MS; Reservoir water; Solid-phase extraction