title: The Other Helicobacters.
abstract: In the past year, a substantial number of (putative) novel Helicobacter species have been described, including Helicobacter himalayensis colonizing the Himalayan marmot and Helicobacter apodemus, colonizing the Korean striped field mouse. In addition, a putative novel gastric Helicobacter species was identified in wild gorillas and chimpanzees, for which the name "Candidatus H. homininae" was proposed. A high incidence of gastric non-H. pylori Helicobacter infection was described in China and multiple case reports have described the involvement of enterohepatic Helicobacter species, especially Helicobacter cinaedi, in a wide range of diseases. Several studies in rodent models further elucidated the mechanisms underlying the development of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma during infection with gastric non-H. pylori Helicobacters. The effects of infection with gastric Helicobacters on the development of neuroinflammation were investigated and several enterohepatic Helicobacter species were shown to affect the composition of the gut microbiota, to influence vaccine efficiency as well as the progression of cancer in distant sites of the body.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Flahou
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rimbara
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigetarou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
authors.forename: Freddy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Haesebrouck
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Keigo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibayama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D016998:Helicobacter / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Animal models; Enterohepatic Helicobacter species; Gastric Helicobacter species; Host immune response; Pathogenesis of infection