title: Advances in endoscopic imaging in ulcerative colitis.
abstract: Modern strategies for the treatment of ulcerative colitis require more accurate tools for gastrointestinal imaging to better assess mucosal disease activity and long-term prognostic clinical outcomes. Recent advances in gastrointestinal luminal endoscopy are radically changing the role of endoscopy in every-day clinical practice and research trials. Advanced endoscopic imaging techniques including high-definition endoscopes, optical magnification endoscopy, and various chromoendoscopy techniques have remarkably improved endoscopic assessment of ulcerative colitis. More recently, optical biopsy techniques with either endocytoscopy or confocal laser endomicroscopy have shown great potential in predicting several histological changes in real time during ongoing endoscopy. Here, we review current applications of advanced endoscopic imaging techniques in ulcerative colitis and present the most promising upcoming headways in this field.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.
authors.forename: Gian Eugenio
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Tontini
authors.affiliation: a 1 Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.|b 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pastorelli
authors.affiliation: c 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Dudley Group Hospitals, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK.|d 4 Department of Medicine, St. George's University, Grenada, West Indies.
authors.forename: Sauid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishaq
authors.affiliation: e 5 Department of Medicine I, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neumann
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000639:trends; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000473:pathology*; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology*; D020685:Colonoscopes / Q000639:trends; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000639:trends; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000639:trends; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D002863:Chromogenic Compounds
keywords: advanced endoscopic imaging; chromoendoscopy; colitis-associated cancer; colonoscopy; ulcerative colitis