title: Fluorescent Nanoparticles from Several Commercial Beverages: Their Properties and Potential Application for Bioimaging.
abstract: The presence of nanoparticles in beverages has raised great concern in terms of potential impacts to consumer health. Herein, carbon dots in beverages kvass, pony malta, pilsner beer, Vivant Storm, and Profit were identified. They were shown to have a strong fluorescence under the excitation of ultraviolet light. The emission peaks shift to longer wavelengths accompanied by a remarkable fluorescence intensity decrease. The carbon dots are in the nanosized range and roughly spherical in appearance. Elemental analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated the composition of Kvass carbon dots to be C 83.17%, O 13.83%, and N 3.00%. No cytotoxicity was found at concentrations up to 20 mg/mL for human tongue squamous carcinoma cells, and they can be directly applied in both carcinoma and onion epidermal cell imaging. This work represents the first report of the carbon dots present in beverages, providing valuable insights into these nanoparticles for future biological imaging.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Biological Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University , 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, China.|Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Chengkun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Wenqiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Cientı́fica, Universidad Técnica de Manabı́ , Portoviejo, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Juan Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vera
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Cientı́fica, Universidad Técnica de Manabı́ , Portoviejo, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Oscar David
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Seni
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Cientı́fica, Universidad Técnica de Manabı́ , Portoviejo, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Demera
authors.affiliation: Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Biological Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University , 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, China.|Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.
authors.forename: Chenxu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Biological Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University , 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, China.|Instituto de Investigación Cientı́fica, Universidad Técnica de Manabı́ , Portoviejo, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Mingqian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D005453:Fluorescence; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon
keywords: beverage; carbon dots; cytotoxicity; fluorescence bioimaging