title: Risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage after brain AVM interventional therapy and its effects on prognosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study is to investigate risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage and their effects on prognosis in patients with brain intracranial arteriovenous malformation (AVM) after interventional therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 80 cases of brain AVM patients were admitted to our hospital and received interventional embolism treatment from December 2011 to July 2014. The patients all were confirmed by digital subtraction angiography. Risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage after interventional therapy were analyzed by multivariate analysis. The factors included age, sex, AVM diameter, vein drainage types, embolism area, etc. Meanwhile, the patients were followed up for 60 months after interventional embolism therapy, so as to assess the impact of related risk factors on prognosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By logistic regression analysis, it was found that age, AVM diameter, AVM combined with aneurysm, embolism area and venous drainage types were related risk factors those could lead to intracranial hemorrhage. Meanwhile, it was identified by receiver operating characteristic curve that embolism area, AVM diameter and AVM combined with aneurysm were risk factors had considerable influence on prognosis while the diagnosis significance of age and venous drainage types was poor (P > 0.05). The survival curves of embolism area and AVM diameter on prognosis had been identified by Kaplan-Meier analysis and it showed that embolism area < 50% and AVM diameter ≥ 3 cm had a better prognosis than embolism area ≥ 50% and AVM diameter < 3 cm (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A series of risk factors were related to intracranial hemorrhage and some of them had considerable influence on prognosis, which, could help to reduce the risk of intracranial hemorrhage and improve long-term survival rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guobin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dezhang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
keywords: Intracranial arteriovenous malformation; embolism; intervention; intracranial hemorrhage; prognosis