title: Immunopathology of synovitis: from histology to molecular pathways.
abstract: Increased knowledge about pathological processes active in inflammatory joint diseases is needed to initiate personalized medicine based on targeted treatments in the future. The molecular and cellular pathways that are active during joint inflammation may differ between the various inflammatory joint diseases, between different patient subgroups within one disease, or even between different stages of the disease in a single patient. In this review, we evaluate synovial inflammation in terms of descriptive histopathology through to more functional studies on human synovial tissue inflammation in RA and SpA, in phenotypic subgroups of RA and SpA patients, and during the disease course of both diseases.
authors.affiliation: Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands m.g.vandesande@amc.nl.
authors.forename: Marleen G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: van de Sande
authors.affiliation: Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dominique L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Baeten
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D025242:Spondylarthropathies / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D013585:Synovitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: cytokines and inflammatory mediators; fibroblasts; histopathology; inflammation; lymphocytes; macrophages; microarrays/gene expression profiling/transcriptome; rheumatoid arthritis; spondylarthropathies; spondyloarthritis; synovium