title: Identifying the causal mechanisms of the quiet eye.
abstract: Scientists who have examined the gaze strategies employed by athletes have determined that longer quiet eye (QE) durations (QED) are characteristic of skilled compared to less-skilled performers. However, the cognitive mechanisms of the QE and, specifically, how the QED affects performance are not yet fully understood. We review research that has examined the functional mechanism underlying QE and discuss the neural networks that may be involved. We also highlight the limitations surrounding QE measurement and its definition and propose future research directions to address these shortcomings. Investigations into the behavioural and neural mechanisms of QE will aid the understanding of the perceptual and cognitive processes underlying expert performance and the factors that change as expertise develops.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences , College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London , London , UK.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: b Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Causer
authors.affiliation: c School of Psychology , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Miall
authors.affiliation: d School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Grey
authors.affiliation: e Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.affiliation: a Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences , College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London , London , UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Gaze; attention; expertise; programming