title: Phenacyl Ethyl Carbazolium as a Long Wavelength Photoinitiator for Free Radical Polymerization.
abstract: A new phenacyl-type photoinitiator based on ethyl carbazole as a long wavelength photo-initiator is developed for free radical polymerization. Phenacyl ethyl carbazolium hexafluoroantimonate (PECH) photoinitiator is synthesized in a two-step, one-pot manner by quaternizing ethyl carbazole with phenacyl bromide and subsequent ion exchange reaction with potassium hexafluoroantimonate. Under irradiation, PECH tends to undergo homolytic bond cleavage bringing about initiating free radicals. However, as evidenced by cyclic voltammetry and real-time photobleaching studies, formation of initiating cationic species is highly unlikely as the photochemically formed charged carbazole units tend to couple.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Merve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sajjad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dadashi-Silab
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.|Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yagci
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000737:chemistry*; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D002227:Carbazoles; D005609:Free Radicals; D011108:Polymers; C013190:phenacyl bromide
keywords: ethyl carbazole; free radical polymerization; phenacyl salt photoinitiator; photopolymerization