title: Subcellular trafficking of guanylyl cyclase/natriuretic peptide receptor-A with concurrent generation of intracellular cGMP.
abstract: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) activates guanylyl cyclase/natriuretic peptide receptor-A (GC-A/NPRA), which lowers blood pressure and blood volume. The objective of the present study was to visualize internalization and trafficking of enhanced GFP (eGFP)-tagged NPRA (eGFP-NPRA) in human embryonic kidney-293 (HEK-293) cells, using immunofluorescence (IF) and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) of eGFP-NPRA. Treatment of cells with ANP initiated rapid internalization and co-localization of the receptor with early endosome antigen-1 (EEA-1), which was highest at 5 min and gradually decreased within 30 min. Similarly, co-localization of the receptor was observed with lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1); however, after treatment with lysosomotropic agents, intracellular accumulation of the receptor gradually increased within 30 min. Co-IP assays confirmed that the localization of internalized receptors occurred with subcellular organelles during the endocytosis of NPRA. Rab 11, which was used as a recycling endosome (Re) marker, indicated that ∼20% of receptors recycled back to the plasma membrane. ANP-treated cells showed a marked increase in the IF of cGMP, whereas receptor was still trafficking into the intracellular compartments. Thus, after ligand binding, NPRA is rapidly internalized and trafficked from the cell surface into endosomes, Res and lysosomes, with concurrent generation of intracellular cGMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center and School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Indra
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mani
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center and School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Renu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center and School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Satyabha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center and School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, U.S.A. kpandey@tulane.edu.
authors.forename: Kailash N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Pandey
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; C091715:atrial natriuretic factor receptor A; D006152:Cyclic GMP
keywords: endosomes; guanylyl cyclase/natriuretic peptide receptor-A; immunofluorescence; lysosomes; receptor internalization