title: Socioeconomic Status and Longitudinal Lung Function of Healthy Mexican Children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our aim was to estimate the longitudinal effect of Socioeconomic status (SES) on lung function growth of Mexican children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of Mexican children in third grade of primary school was followed with spirometry twice a year for 6 years through secondary school. Multilevel mixed-effects lineal models were fitted for the spirometric variables of 2,641 respiratory-healthy Mexican children. Monthly family income (in 2002 U.S. dollars [USD]) and parents' years completed at school were used as proxies of SES.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Individuals with higher SES tended to have greater height for age, and smaller sitting height/standing height and crude lung function. For each 1-year increase of parents' schooling, Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) and Forced vital capacity (FVC) increased 8.5 (0.4%) and 10.6 mL (0.4%), respectively (p <0.05) when models were adjusted for gender. Impact of education on lung function was reduced drastically or abolished on adjusting by anthropometric variables and ozone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher parental schooling and higher monthly family income were associated with higher lung function in healthy Mexican children, with the majority of the effect likely due to the increase in height-for-age.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Social Science in Health, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martínez-Briseño
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Social Science in Health, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernández-Plata
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Social Science in Health, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gochicoa-Rangel
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Social Science in Health, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Torre-Bouscoulet
authors.affiliation: Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rojas-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Alvarado
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Social Science in Health, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: García-Sancho
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Social Science in Health, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rogelio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pérez-Padilla
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012119:Respiration; D012923:Social Class; D013147:Spirometry