title: A Quarter Century of Organ Protection in Open Thoracoabdominal Repair.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) remains a challenging problem. We sought to examine our experience with thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic repairs over a 24-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient information was collected in a prospective database and analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariable analysis was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between January 1991 and December 2014, we repaired 1896 descending thoracic (DTAA) or TAAA in 1795 patients. Mean age was 64.2 ± 13.8, and 702 (37%) were women. Of 1896 operations, 646 (34.1%) were DTAA, 316 (16.7%) TAAA extent I, 310 (16.4%) TAAA extent II, 187 (9.9%) TAAA extent III, 348 (18.4%) TAAA extent IV, and 112 (5.9%) TAAA extent V. Adjunct [cerebrospinal fluid drainage (CSFD) + distal aortic perfusion (DAP)] was used in 78.4%. Mean preoperative glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 75.1 ± 14.9 mL/min/1.73 m. Renal dysfunction occurred in 461 (24.3%). Immediate neurodeficit (IND) occurred in 79 (4.2%) and delayed in 104 (5.5%). Of these, 47/104 (45%) recovered by discharge. Postoperative stroke was 95/1896 (5%). Early mortality was 302/1896 (15.9%). Mortality with GFR >95.3 was 28/457 (6.1%), and 131/432 (30.3%) was with GFR < 48.3 (P < 0.0001). Predictors of early mortality were age (P < 0.02), GFR (P < 0.0001), TAAA2 or 3 (P = 0.001), coronary artery disease (P = 0.001), and emergency (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Open DTAA and TAAA repair can be performed with acceptable early and late outcomes. This study provides important early- and long-term data on open repair, allowing for better risk stratification of patients with DTAA and TAAA. It is the high-risk subgroup that can now be targeted for endovascular techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Anthony L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Estrera
authors.forename: Harleen K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Sandhu
authors.forename: Kristofer M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Charlton-Ouw
authors.forename: Rana O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Afifi
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azizzadeh
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Hazim J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Safi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome