title: Microwave-accelerated bioassay technique for rapid and quantitative detection of biological and environmental samples.
abstract: Quantitative detection of molecules of interest from biological and environmental samples in a rapid manner, particularly with a relevant concentration range, is imperative to the timely assessment of human diseases and environmental issues. In this work, we employed the microwave-accelerated bioassay (MAB) technique, which is based on the combined use of circular bioassay platforms and microwave heating, for rapid and quantitative detection of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Shiga like toxin (STX 1). The proof-of-principle use of the MAB technique with the circular bioassay platforms for the rapid detection of GFAP in buffer based on colorimetric and fluorescence readouts was demonstrated with a 900W kitchen microwave. We also employed the MAB technique with a new microwave system (called the iCrystal system) for the detection of GFAP from mice with brain injuries and STX 1 from a city water stream. Control bioassays included the commercially available gold standard bioassay kits run at room temperature. Our results show that the lower limit of detection (LLOD) of the colorimetric and fluorescence based bioassays for GFAP was decreased by ~1000 times using the MAB technique and our circular bioassay platforms as compared to the commercially available bioassay kits. The overall bioassay time for GFAP and STX 1 was reduced from 4h using commercially available bioassay kits to 10min using the MAB technique.
authors.affiliation: Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, 1700 East Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, United States.
authors.forename: Muzaffer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.affiliation: Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, 1700 East Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, United States.
authors.forename: Maleeha F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.affiliation: Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, 1700 East Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, United States. Electronic address: Kadir.Aslan@morgan.edu.
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aslan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005453:Fluorescence; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008872:Microwaves; D022622:Shiga Toxin 1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D022622:Shiga Toxin 1; C528900:glial fibrillary astrocytic protein, mouse
keywords: Circular bioassay platform; ELISA; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Metal-enhanced fluorescence; Microwave-accelerated bioassays; Shiga like toxin; Silver island films