title: Determination of LC50 and sub-chronic neurotoxicity of diesel exhaust nanoparticles.
abstract: Air pollution is a major problem faced globally and is seen associated with central nervous system (CNS) disorders like neuropathology and neuro-inflammation. Here, we investigated the CNS disorders as a result of sub-chronic exposure (90 days) to diesel exhaust nanoparticles (DENPs) and explored the minimal levels of DENPs needed to exhibit the early mediators of neuro-inflammation and neuropathology. Male and female wistar rats (6 rats per group) were exposed to DENPs (1/5th, 1/10th and 1/15th LC50) by inhalation for 4h per day, 5 days per week over 90 days and neurotoxicity end-points were analyzed. DENP exposure caused elevation in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, amyloid beta 42 (Aβ 42), reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitrate (NO3(-)), nitrite (NO2(-)) and apurinic/apyrimidinic sites (AP) at varying degrees at different sections of rat brain. Hence, exposure to DENPs resulted in dose-dependent toxicity and was closely correlated to increased inflammation, DNA damage and oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University Chennai, Chennai 600 025, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durga
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University Chennai, Chennai 600 025, India. Electronic address: tdevasenabio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Devasena
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University Chennai, Chennai 600 025, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajasekar
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D059550:Toxicity Tests, Subchronic; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016207:Cytokines; D009573:Nitrites; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
keywords: Air pollution; Alzheimer's; Brain; Diesel exhaust particles; Neuro-inflammation