title: Differential Impacts of an Intimate Partner Violence Prevention Program Based on Child Marriage Status in Rural Côte d'Ivoire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about whether effectiveness of intimate partner violence prevention programming varies for women who were married as child brides, given their additional social vulnerabilities. This subanalysis sought to assess treatment heterogeneity based on child marriage status for an intervention seeking to reduce intimate partner violence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial assessing the incremental effectiveness of gender dialogue groups in addition to group savings on changing past-year intimate partner violence was conducted in Côte d'Ivoire (2010-2012). Stratified models were constructed based on child marriage status to assess for effect modification. Analysis was restricted to married women with data on age at marriage (n = 682).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For child brides (N = 202), there were no statistically or marginally significant decreases in physical and/or sexual violence, physical violence, or sexual violence. The odds of reporting economic abuse in the past year were lower in the intervention arm for child brides relative to control group child brides (odds ratio [OR] = .33; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .13-.85; p = .02). For nonchild brides (N = 480), women were less likely to report physical and/or sexual violence (OR = .54; 95% CI = .28-1.04; p = .06), emotional violence (OR = .44; 95% CI = .25-.77; p = .004), and economic abuse (OR = .36; 95% CI = .20-.66; p = .001) in the combined intervention arm than their group savings-only counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that intervention participants with a history of child marriage may have greater difficulty benefiting from interventions that seek to reduce intimate partner violence.
authors.affiliation: International Rescue Committee, Research, Evaluation, and Learning, New York, New York; Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Electronic address: Kathryn.falb@rescue.org.
authors.forename: Kathryn L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Falb
authors.affiliation: International Rescue Committee, Research, Evaluation, and Learning, New York, New York; FXB Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Jeannie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Annan
authors.affiliation: Innovations for Poverty Action, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kpebo
authors.affiliation: International Rescue Committee, Women's Protection and Empowerment, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.affiliation: Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Tiara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Willie
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Ziming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: Division of Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.affiliation: Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.
authors.forename: Jhumka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D000066511:Intimate Partner Violence / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage; D008875:Middle Aged; D012424:Rural Population; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Domestic violence; Early marriage; Economic empowerment; Effect modification; Gender-based violence