title: Translation and cultural adaptation of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) into Persian language.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we aimed to translate and test the validity and reliablity of the Persian version of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire in foot and ankle patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We translated the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire to Persian language according to the accepted guidelines, then assessed the psychometric properties including the validity and reliability on 308 patients with long-standing foot and ankle problems. To test the reliability, we calculated the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability and measured Cronbach's alpha to test the internal consistency. To test the construct validity of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire we also administered the Short-Form 36 to patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Construct validity was supported by significant correlation with SF36 subscales except for pain subscale of the persian MOXFQ with mental health of the SF36 (r=0.207). Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.79 for the total MOXFQ and ranged from 0.83 to 0.89 for the three subscales. Cronbach's alpha for pain, walking/standing, and social interaction was 0.86, 0.88, and 0.89, respectively, and was 0.79 for the total MOXFQ showing good internal consistency in each domain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Persian Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire health scoring system is a valid and reliable patient-reported instrument for foot and ankle problems.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmad-Abad Street, Mashhad 91766-99199, Iran. Electronic address: Mousaviana@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mousavian
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmad-Abad Street, Mashhad 91766-99199, Iran. Electronic address: Ebrahimzadehmh@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ebrahimzadeh
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmad-Abad Street, Mashhad 91766-99199, Iran. Electronic address: Birjandinejada@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Birjandinejad
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmad-Abad Street, Mashhad 91766-99199, Iran. Electronic address: Omidif@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Omidi-Kashani
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmad-Abad Street, Mashhad 91766-99199, Iran; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: kachoeear@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Amir Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kachooei
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D007802:Language; D008877:Middle East; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations; D014481:United States; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire; Persian; Reliability; Validity