title: Use of compounded hormone therapy in the United States: report of The North American Menopause Society Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A national survey was conducted to determine the extent of use of compounded hormone therapy (C-HT) and to characterize the differences between C-HT users and users of hormone therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA-HT users).
  
  
  METHODS
  This Internet survey enrolled 3,725 women aged 40 to 84 years who were postmenopausal or experiencing the menopause transition. The sample was weighted slightly by age, region, education, and race to reflect population attributes based on US Census data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 9% of women were current users of HT, and 28% of all respondents were ever-users of HT. C-HT users represented 31% of ever-users of HT, 35% of current users of HT, and 41% of ever-users aged 40 to 49 years. Approximately 13% of ever-users indicated current or past use of testosterone. The most cited reason for using HT was vasomotor symptoms (∼70%). Nonapproved indications for using HT were selected more often by C-HT users. There were four reports of endometrial cancer among the 326 C-HT users compared with none reported among the 738 FDA-HT users. Significance was not determined because of small numbers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This survey indicates substantial use of C-HT across the country and the possibility of higher rates of endometrial side effects with such products. There is a need for standardized data collection on the extent of use of compounded hormones and their potential risks.
authors.affiliation: 1North American Menopause Society, Mayfield Heights, OH 2Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine 3Division of Epidemiology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 5Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Margery L S
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gass
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stuenkel
authors.forename: Wulf H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Utian
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: LaCroix
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Shifren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004522:Educational Status; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013739:Testosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone