title: Zinc oxide nanostructure-modified textile and its application to biosensing, photocatalysis, and as antibacterial material.
abstract: Recently, one-dimensional nanostructures with different morphologies (such as nanowires, nanorods (NRs), and nanotubes) have become the focus of intensive research, because of their unique properties with potential applications. Among them, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials has been found to be highly attractive, because of the remarkable potential for applications in many different areas such as solar cells, sensors, piezoelectric devices, photodiode devices, sun screens, antireflection coatings, and photocatalysis. Here, we present an innovative approach to create a new modified textile by direct in situ growth of vertically aligned one-dimensional (1D) ZnO NRs onto textile surfaces, which can serve with potential for biosensing, photocatalysis, and antibacterial applications. ZnO NRs were grown by using a simple aqueous chemical growth method. Results from analyses such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the ZnO NRs were dispersed over the entire surface of the textile. We have demonstrated the following applications of these multifunctional textiles: (1) as a flexible working electrode for the detection of aldicarb (ALD) pesticide, (2) as a photocatalyst for the degradation of organic molecules (i.e., Methylene Blue and Congo Red), and (3) as antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli. The ZnO-based textile exhibited excellent photocatalytic and antibacterial activities, and it showed a promising sensing response. The combination of sensing, photocatalysis, and antibacterial properties provided by the ZnO NRs brings us closer to the concept of smart textiles for wearable sensing without a deodorant and antibacterial control. Perhaps the best known of the products that is available in markets for such purposes are textiles with silver nanoparticles. Our modified textile is thus providing acceptable antibacterial properties, compared to available commercial modified textiles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.|Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre (IFM), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.|Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University , Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hatamie
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.|Department of Mathematics, NED University of Engineering & Technology , Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Azam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre (IFM), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golabi
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre (IFM), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anthony P F
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre (IFM), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Beni
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre (IFM), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Wing Cheung
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.|Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University , Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Azar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sadollahkhani
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hatim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alnoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University , Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Behrooz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zargar
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sumaira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bano
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nur
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Willander
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002384:Catalysis; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis; D010777:Photochemistry; D013784:Textiles; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010575:Pesticides; D015034:Zinc Oxide