title: Development of technologies for placement of perineural catheters.
abstract: Continuous peripheral nerve block (CPNB) success is largely dependent on placement of the catheter close enough to the nerve to allow effective and sustained analgesia following painful surgeries with a minimum volume of local anesthetic. One of the most common problems associated with CPNB involves accurate placement of the catheter tip, migration, and dislodgement of the catheter. This is of increasing importance now that catheters are left in place for prolonged periods of time to provide postoperative analgesia, and patients with peripheral nerve catheters are being discharged home with ambulatory pumps. In response to the challenges of providing safe, effective, and consistently reliable analgesia, research and development in this field is expanding rapidly. This review article presents results from recent publications addressing the subject of peripheral nerve catheter localization.
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Outcomes Research Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, CCLCM of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Ave, E-30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. elsharh@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Hesham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elsharkawy
authors.affiliation: Pain Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Ankit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maheshwari
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Outcomes Research Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, CCLCM of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Ave, E-30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Ehab
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Farag
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Edward R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Mariano
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Outcomes Research Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, CCLCM of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Ave, E-30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Rosenquist
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D057785:Catheters; D006801:Humans; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local
keywords: Catheter localization; Development of technologies; Peripheral nerve catheter; Ultrasound-guided nerve block