title: Characterizing and optimizing magnetosome production of Magnetospirillum sp. XM-1 isolated from Xi'an City Moat, China.
abstract: Pure culture of magnetotactic bacteria is desirable to understand their physiology, evolution and biomineralization. Here, we report a new strain Magnetospirillum sp. XM-1 that was recently isolated and cultivated from the eutrophic city moat of Xi'an, China. Magnetosome biomineralization, crystallographic and magnetic properties of XM-1 were characterized by using a combination of transmission electron microscopy and rock magnetic methods. Cell growth and magnetite production was optimized by response surface methodology. We found that the Magnetospirillum strain XM-1 is different from the model strain Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 in terms of magnetite magnetosomes, optimal growth temperature and nutrient requirements. Sodium succinate, sodium nitrate and ferric citrate are the three most significant factors associated with the optimization of cell growth and magnetosome production for XM-1.
authors.affiliation: Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yinzhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Tongwei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratories for Agro-biotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratories for Agro-biotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
authors.forename: Jiesheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Electron Microscope Laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Yvan Vander
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Heyden
authors.affiliation: Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Electron Microscope Laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China yxpan@mail.iggcas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yongxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology; D055944:Magnetosomes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D042201:Magnetospirillum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D009566:Nitrates; C025314:ferric citrate; C031618:sodium nitrate; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide
keywords: Magnetospirillum sp. XM-1; magnetic properties; magnetite formation; magnetosome production; magnetotactic bacteria; response surface methodology optimization