title: Anthocyanin Absorption and Metabolism by Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells--A Review.
abstract: Anthocyanins from different plant sources have been shown to possess health beneficial effects against a number of chronic diseases. To obtain any influence in a specific tissue or organ, these bioactive compounds must be bioavailable, i.e., effectively absorbed from the gut into the circulation and transferred to the appropriate location within the body while still maintaining their bioactivity. One of the key factors affecting the bioavailability of anthocyanins is their transport through the gut epithelium. The Caco-2 cell line, a human intestinal epithelial cell model derived from a colon carcinoma, has been proven to be a good alternative to animal studies for predicting intestinal absorption of anthocyanins. Studies investigating anthocyanin absorption by Caco-2 cells report very low absorption of these compounds. However, the bioavailability of anthocyanins may be underestimated since the metabolites formed in the course of digestion could be responsible for the health benefits associated with anthocyanins. In this review, we critically discuss recent findings reported on the anthocyanin absorption and metabolism by human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition (nutriFOODchem), Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. senem.kamiloglu@ugent.be.|Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey. senem.kamiloglu@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Senem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamiloglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey. capanogl@itu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Capanoglu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition (nutriFOODchem), Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. charlotte.grootaert@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grootaert
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition (nutriFOODchem), Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Camp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001682:Biological Availability; D001692:Biological Transport; D018938:Caco-2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins
keywords: Caco-2 cells; anthocyanins; intestinal absorption; metabolism