title: General Characterization Methods for Photoelectrochemical Cells for Solar Water Splitting.
abstract: Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a very promising technology that converts water into clean hydrogen fuel and oxygen by using solar light. However, the characterization methods for PEC cells are diverse and a systematic introduction to characterization methods for PEC cells has rarely been attempted. Unlike most other review articles that focus mainly on the material used for the working electrodes of PEC cells, this review introduces general characterization methods for PEC cells, including their basic configurations and methods for characterizing their performance under various conditions, regardless of the materials used. Detailed experimental operation procedures with theoretical information are provided for each characterization method. The PEC research area is rapidly expanding and more researchers are beginning to devote themselves to related work. Therefore, the content of this Minireview can provide entry-level knowledge to beginners in the area of PEC, which might accelerate progress in this area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.|Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Xinjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. xlzheng@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Xiaolin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea. lutts@yonsei.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jong Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D004579:Electron Transport; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D013472:Sunlight; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: characterization methods; electrochemistry; hydrogen; photochemistry; water splitting