title: What do we know about treatment sequencing of abiraterone, enzalutamide, and chemotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a systematic review of the different therapeutic sequences in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Evidence acquisition on therapeutic sequences in mCRPC was performed by a MEDLINE search using combination of the following key words: "prostate cancer," "metastatic," "castration resistant," "enzalutamide," "abiraterone," "treatment sequencing," "cabazitaxel," "docetaxel." A total of 17 studies were included for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Different sequences have been reported for the treatment of mCRPC: docetaxel after abiraterone, cabazitaxel after docetaxel and abiraterone, abiraterone after cabazitaxel and docetaxel, abiraterone after docetaxel and enzalutamide, and enzalutamide after docetaxel and abiraterone. There are arguments from the preclinical observations suggesting a cross-resistance between docetaxel and abiraterone, and between abiraterone and enzalutamide in mCRPC. Despite limitations, several retrospective clinical reports support these data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No study of high level of evidence is available to support any recommendation on sequential treatment for mCRPC. There are only clues that prospective clinical studies need to confirm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital of Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933, Angers, France. souhil.lebdai@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Souhil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lebdai
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hopital Saint Lois, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Basset
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, CHU Nantes Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Branchereau
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris XII Val de Marne, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de La Taille
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Lille University Hospital, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Flamand
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, Université Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lebret
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Thibaut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murez
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, Université Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Neuzillet
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ploussard
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Audenet
mesh_terms: D000736:Androstenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001549:Benzamides; D000077143:Docetaxel; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009570:Nitriles; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000736:Androstenes; D001549:Benzamides; D009570:Nitriles; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin; C552428:cabazitaxel; C540278:enzalutamide; C089740:abiraterone
keywords: Abiraterone acetate; Cabazitaxel; Cross-resistance; Docetaxel; Enzalutamide; Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; Therapeutic sequence