title: Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus in Bogota (Colombia) Between 2003 and 2012.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV) or clubfoot is one of the most common congenital abnormalities(1,2). Early diagnosis by means of ultrasonography allows an opportune intervention and improves the deformity's correction prognosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe patients diagnosed with CTEV by means of prenatal sonographies between 2003 and 2012 in Bogotá (Colombia) at both the Institute de Ortopedia Infantil Roosevelt (IOIR) and one of the authors' private office.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive, retrospective study on the focus population was made. The equality of the data of the quantitative variables in distance measure was analysed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For the variables "prenatal diagnoses" and "days from the start of the treatment" the Mann-Whitney U test was used. Finally, an analysis was made by means of the SPSS Statistics software package, version 18.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  178 patients met the selection criteria. 34.3% of the patients had a prenatal diagnosis by ultrasonography (n=61). Regarding the number of prenatal ultrasounds performed, there were statistically significant differences between the patients with a CTEV prenatal diagnoses and those whose diagnoses came after birth, being higher in the first group (p<0.001). The number of days before the treatment started once the pre or postnatal diagnosis was done was also a subject of study. Significant differences were found in the treatment start between patients with a prenatal diagnosis (mean of 9.9 days) and those diagnosed after birth (mean of 30 days) (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  prenatal diagnosis by foetal ultrasonography contributes to an early detection of musculoskeletal abnormalities such as CTEV and promotes an early intervention of the patient.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopaedic surgeon Fundación Cardioinfantil.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rosselli
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopadic surgeon Instituto de ortopedia infantil Roosevelt .
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nossa
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic residents Instituto Ortopedia Infantil Roosevelt .
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huérfano
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic residents Instituto Ortopedia Infantil Roosevelt .
authors.forename: Germán
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Betancur
authors.affiliation: Research department Instituto de Ortopedia infantil Roosevelt , Bogotá , Colombia .
authors.forename: Yuli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guzmán
authors.affiliation: Research department Instituto de Ortopedia infantil Roosevelt , Bogotá , Colombia .
authors.forename: Cristal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castellanos
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopaedic surgeon Fundación Cardioinfantil.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morcuende
mesh_terms: D003025:Clubfoot / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003906:Developing Countries; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data