title: The Effects of the Severity of Periventricular Leukomalacia on the Neuropsychological Outcomes of Preterm Children.
abstract: This study investigates the developmental outcomes of preterm children according to severity of periventricular leukomalacia. One hundred preterm children with periventricular leukomalacia evident on brain magnetic resonance imaging and who had undergone neuropsychologic evaluation were selected. Intellectual disability was noted in 27.8% of the children with mild periventricular leukomalacia, 53.2% with moderate periventricular leukomalacia, and 77.1% with severe periventricular leukomalacia. The rates of major neurodevelopmental impairments such as cerebral palsy or intellectual disability were related to the severity of periventricular leukomalacia but not to gestational age or epilepsy. There were significant differences in the intelligence quotient (IQ) and social maturity quotient between 3 groups of periventricular leukomalacia. The performance IQ was significantly lower than the verbal IQ. Behavioral problems were noted in about one-third of the children but the rate was not related with the severity of periventricular leukomalacia. Our study revealed the significant associations between severity of periventricular leukomalacia and cognitive and social adaptive functions in the preterm children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ja Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Rha
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea pes1234@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Eun Sook
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007969:Leukomalacia, Periventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D012919:Social Behavior; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: intellectual ability; periventricular leukomalacia; preterm; social adaptive function