title: Rapid leaf development drives the seasonal pattern of volatile organic compound (VOC) fluxes in a 'coppiced' bioenergy poplar plantation.
abstract: Leaves of fast-growing, woody bioenergy crops often emit volatile organic compounds (VOC). Some reactive VOC (especially isoprene) play a key role in climate forcing and may negatively affect local air quality. We monitored the seasonal exchange of VOC using the eddy covariance technique in a 'coppiced' poplar plantation. The complex interactions of VOC fluxes with climatic and physiological variables were also explored by using an artificial neural network (Self Organizing Map). Isoprene and methanol were the most abundant VOC emitted by the plantation. Rapid development of the canopy (and thus of the leaf area index, LAI) was associated with high methanol emissions and high rates of gross primary production (GPP) since the beginning of the growing season, while the onset of isoprene emission was delayed. The highest emissions of isoprene, and of isoprene photo-oxidation products (Methyl Vinyl Ketone and Methacrolein, iox ), occurred on the hottest and sunniest days, when GPP and evapotranspiration were highest, and formaldehyde was significantly deposited. Canopy senescence enhanced the exchange of oxygenated VOC. The accuracy of methanol and isoprene emission simulations with the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature increased by applying a function to modify their basal emission factors, accounting for seasonality of GPP or LAI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence on Plant and Vegetation Ecology (PLECO), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium.|National Research Council, Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo, 00016, Roma, Italy.|Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), National Research Council, Via Madonna del piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50017, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brilli
authors.affiliation: Biometeorology Institute (IBIMET-CNR), National Research Council, Via G. Caproni 8, Firenze, 50145, Italy.
authors.forename: Beniamino
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gioli
authors.affiliation: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for the Soil-Plant System (RPS-CREA), Via della Navicella 2-4, Roma, 00184, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fares
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence on Plant and Vegetation Ecology (PLECO), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium.
authors.forename: Zenone
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Terenzio
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zona
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence on Plant and Vegetation Ecology (PLECO), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gielen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), National Research Council, Via Madonna del piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50017, Italy.|Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences (CNR-DISBA), National Research Council, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, 00185, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Loreto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence on Plant and Vegetation Ecology (PLECO), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ivan A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence on Plant and Vegetation Ecology (PLECO), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium.
authors.forename: Reinhart
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ceulemans
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D002070:Butadienes / Q000032:analysis; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D004777:Environment; D045782:Hemiterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D000432:Methanol / Q000032:analysis; D008954:Models, Biological; D010420:Pentanes / Q000032:analysis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D032107:Populus / Q000502:physiology*; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D002070:Butadienes; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D010420:Pentanes; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; C005059:isoprene; D002244:Carbon; D000432:Methanol
keywords: LAI; MEGAN; Populus; SOM; bioenergy