title: Effects of simulated microgravity on the expression of presynaptic proteins distorting the GABA/glutamate equilibrium--A proteomics approach.
abstract: Microgravity may cause cognition-related changes in the animal nervous system due to the resulting uneven flow of fluids in the body. These changes may restrict the long-term stay of humans in space for various purposes. In this study, a rat tail suspension model (30°) was used to explore the effects of 21 days of prolonged simulated microgravity (SM) on the expression of proteins involved in cognitive functions in the rat hippocampus. SM decreased the content of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and increased the content of glutamate (Glu) in the rat hippocampus. A comparative (18)O-labeled quantitative proteomics strategy was applied to detect the differential expression of synaptic proteins under SM. Fifty-three proteins were found to be differentially expressed under SM. Microgravity induces difficulty in the formation of the SNARE complex due to the down-regulation of vesicle-associated membrane protein 3(VAMP3) and syntaxin-1A. Synaptic vesicle recycling may also be affected due to the dysregulation of syntaxin-binding protein 5 (tomosyn), rab3A and its effector rim2. Both processes are disturbed, indicating that presynaptic proteins mediate a GABA/Glu imbalance under SM. These findings provide clues for understanding the mechanism of the GABA/Glu equilibrium in the hippocampus induced by microgravity in space and represent steps toward safe space travel.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Javed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Yahui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Yongqian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qing
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P.R., China.
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015536:Down-Regulation; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D050600:SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism*; D014893:Weightlessness / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
keywords: Animal proteomics; Hippocampus; Neurotransmitter release; Proteomics; SNARE complex; Simulated microgravity