title: Lipopolysaccharide transport to the cell surface: periplasmic transport and assembly into the outer membrane.
abstract: Gram-negative bacteria possess an outer membrane (OM) containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Proper assembly of the OM not only prevents certain antibiotics from entering the cell, but also allows others to be pumped out. To assemble this barrier, the seven-protein lipopolysaccharide transport (Lpt) system extracts LPS from the outer leaflet of the inner membrane (IM), transports it across the periplasm and inserts it selectively into the outer leaflet of the OM. As LPS is important, if not essential, in most Gram-negative bacteria, the LPS biosynthesis and biogenesis pathways are attractive targets in the development of new classes of antibiotics. The accompanying paper (Simpson BW, May JM, Sherman DJ, Kahne D, Ruiz N. 2015 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 370, 20150029. (doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0029)) reviewed the biosynthesis of LPS and its extraction from the IM. This paper will trace its journey across the periplasm and insertion into the OM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Janine M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: May
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Brent W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA ruiz.82@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Natividad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA kahne@chemistry.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kahne
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D019897:Periplasm / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008563:Membrane Lipids
keywords: beta-barrel; envelope biogenesis; lipopolysaccharide transport; lipoprotein; outer membrane