title: Mediastinoscopic esophagectomy for patients with early esophageal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to detect the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of mediastinoscopic esophagectomy for early esophageal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 194 patients who underwent mediastinoscopic esophagectomy for early esophageal cancer in our center from December 2005 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the surgery was performed successfully. The average duration of thoracic surgery was 48.2±7.8 min and the average intra-operative blood loss was 128.1±34.5 mL. An average of 3.1±1.6 lymph node stations were dissected, with an average number of dissected lymph nodes being 9.38±6.2, among which 4.2±5.4 were mediastinal lymph nodes. No peri-operative mortality was noted, and the rate of peri-operative morbidity was 13.4%. The median duration of follow-up was 39 [3-108] months, and the overall survival was 72.73%. The overall survival rates significantly differed among different T stages; more specifically, the 5-year survival was 95.23% in patients with stage T1a esophageal cancer, 70.15% for T1b, and 55.56% for T2 (P<0.001). The overall survival was significantly better in patients with negative lymph nodes than those with lymph nodes metastasis (P=0.003); more specifically, the 5-year survival rate was 84.9% for N0, 62.5% for N1, and 50.0% for N2 + N3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mediastinoscopic esophagectomy can achieve a similar effectiveness as the conventional thoracoscopic surgery for patients with early stage esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 213003, China.
authors.forename: Qian-Yun
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 213003, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Pei
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 213003, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 213003, China.
authors.forename: Nan-Qing
authors.initials: NQ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 213003, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 213003, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: Esophageal cancer; mediastinoscopic esophagectomy; mediastinoscopy; minimally invasive surgery