title: Effect of ski simulator training on kinematic and muscle activation of the lower extremities.
abstract: [Purpose] This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of an augmented reality-based ski simulator through analyzing the changes in movement patterns as well as the engagement of major muscles of the lower body. [Subjects] Seven subjects participated in the study. All were national team-level athletes studying at "K" Sports University in Korea who exhibited comparable performance levels and had no record of injuries in the preceding 6 months (Age 23.4 ± 3.8 years; Height 172.6 ± 12.1 cm; Weight 72.3 ± 16.2 kg; Experience 12.3 ± 4.8 years). [Methods] A reality-based ski simulator developed by a Korean manufacturer was used for the study. Three digital video cameras and a wireless electromyography system were used to perform 3-dimensional motion analysis and measure muscle activation level. [Results] Left hip angulation was found to increase as the frequency of the turns increased. Electromyography data revealed that the activation level of the quadriceps group's extension muscles and the biceps femoris group's flexing muscles had a crossing pattern. [Conclusion] Sustained training using an augmented reality-based ski simulator resulted in movements that extended the lower body joints, which is thought to contribute to increasing muscle fatigue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeheon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dohoon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kitae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Insik
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Division of Liberal Arts and Science, Korea National Sport University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeyoung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Korea National Sport University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jinhae
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: EMG; Kinematic; Ski simulator