title: Identification of Genes Putatively Involved in Chitin Metabolism and Insecticide Detoxification in the Rice Leaf Folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) Larvae through Transcriptomic Analysis.
abstract: The rice leaf roller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) is one of the most destructive agricultural pests. Due to its migratory behavior, it is difficult to control worldwide. To date, little is known about major genes of C. medinalis involved in chitin metabolism and insecticide detoxification. In order to obtain a comprehensive genome dataset of C. medinalis, we conducted de novo transcriptome sequencing which focused on the major feeding stage of fourth-instar larvae, and our work revealed useful information on chitin metabolism and insecticide detoxification and target genes of C. medinalis. We acquired 29,367,797 Illumina reads and assembled these reads into 63,174 unigenes with an average length of 753 bp. Among these unigenes, 31,810 were annotated against the National Center for Biotechnology Information non-redundant (NCBI nr) protein database, resulting in 24,246, 8669 and 18,176 assigned to Swiss-Prot, clusters of orthologous group (COG), and gene ontology (GO), respectively. We were able to map 10,043 unigenes into 285 pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway database (KEGG). Specifically, 16 genes, including five chitin deacetylases, two chitin synthases, five chitinases and four other related enzymes, were identified to be putatively involved in chitin biosynthesis and degradation, whereas 360 genes, including cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, esterases, and acetylcholinesterases, were found to be potentially involved in insecticide detoxification or as insecticide targets. The reliability of the transcriptome data was determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) for the selected genes. Our data serves as a new and valuable sequence resource for genomic studies on C. medinalis. The findings should improve our understanding of C. medinalis genetics and contribute to management of this important agricultural pest.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. yuhaizhong1988@163.com.
authors.forename: Hai-Zhong
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. wendefu1@163.com.
authors.forename: De-Fu
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China. wangwanlin0551@163.com.
authors.forename: Wan-Lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. andrewfredrick@163.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sericulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230061, China. zhangyanhao6667@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. jiapingxu@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jia-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002686:Chitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D017344:Genes, Insect; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic / Q000235:genetics*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism*; D007814:Larva; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D009036:Moths / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D002686:Chitin
keywords: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis; chitin metabolism; insecticide detoxification; insecticide target; transcriptome