title: New frontiers: discovering cilia-independent functions of cilia proteins.
abstract: In most vertebrates, mitotic spindles and primary cilia arise from a common origin, the centrosome. In non-cycling cells, the centrosome is the template for primary cilia assembly and, thus, is crucial for their associated sensory and signaling functions. During mitosis, the duplicated centrosomes mature into spindle poles, which orchestrate mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and orientation of the cell division axis. Intriguingly, both cilia and spindle poles are centrosome-based, functionally distinct structures that require the action of microtubule-mediated, motor-driven transport for their assembly. Cilia proteins have been found at non-cilia sites, where they have distinct functions, illustrating a diverse and growing list of cellular processes and structures that utilize cilia proteins for crucial functions. In this review, we discuss cilia-independent functions of cilia proteins and re-evaluate their potential contributions to "cilia" disorders.
authors.affiliation: Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Anastassiia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vertii
authors.affiliation: Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bright
authors.affiliation: CRBM - CNRS Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Benedicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Delaval
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA HehnlyH@upstate.edu Stephen.Doxsey@umassmed.edu.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hehnly
authors.affiliation: Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA HehnlyH@upstate.edu Stephen.Doxsey@umassmed.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doxsey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018385:Centrosome / Q000502:physiology; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D002923:Cilia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008870:Microtubules / Q000502:physiology; D008938:Mitosis; D011506:Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
keywords: Centrosome; Cilia; Ciliopathies; IFT; MTOC