title: ENT mucormycosis. Report of 4 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mucormycosis is an opportunist infection usually affecting immunocompromised patients. It is rare and often fatal. The pathogen is filamentous fungus of the mucorales order. Studies discuss the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of ENT mucormycosis, insisting on early clinical diagnosis, laboratory data not being contributive within satisfactory time limits.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study included 4 patients with ENT mucormycosis diagnosed over a 13-year period, from January 2000 to December 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 2 male and 2 female patients, aged from 3 to 77 years. Two patients were diabetic. There were 2 cases of sinonasal mucormycosis and 2 of otologic involvement. Diagnosis was founded on anatomopathologic and mycologic examination. A fatal issue occurred in 1 case with otocerebral involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Otorhinolaryngologic mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection, which needs to be borne in mind. Rhinocerebral lesions are the most common clinical manifestations. Involvement of the ear is very rare. Diagnosis is often difficult, but should be as early as possible. Treatment, initiated urgently, associates antifungal treatment, surgical resection and control of risk factors. The prognosis remains in all cases severe.
authors.affiliation: Service d'ORL, hôpital universitaire Farhat Hached, avenue Ibn Eljazzar, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia. Electronic address: kermani_wassim@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Wassim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kermani
authors.affiliation: Service d'ORL, hôpital universitaire Farhat Hached, avenue Ibn Eljazzar, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Rachida
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bouttay
authors.affiliation: Service d'ORL, hôpital universitaire Farhat Hached, avenue Ibn Eljazzar, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Malek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belcadhi
authors.affiliation: Service de radiologie, hôpital universitaire Farhat Hached, avenue Ibn Eljazzar, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Hounaida
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zaghouani
authors.affiliation: Service d'ORL, hôpital universitaire Farhat Hached, avenue Ibn Eljazzar, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Moncef
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ben Ali
authors.affiliation: Service d'ORL, hôpital universitaire Farhat Hached, avenue Ibn Eljazzar, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mouhamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdelkéfi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Fungal sinusitis; Histology; Mucorales; Treatment