title: Socioeconomic Disparities and Air Pollution Exposure: a Global Review.
abstract: The existing reviews and meta-analyses addressing unequal exposure of environmental hazards on certain populations have focused on several environmental pollutants or on the siting of hazardous facilities. This review updates and contributes to the environmental inequality literature by focusing on ambient criteria air pollutants (including NOx), by evaluating studies related to inequality by socioeconomic status (as opposed to race/ethnicity) and by providing a more global perspective. Overall, most North American studies have shown that areas where low-socioeconomic-status (SES) communities dwell experience higher concentrations of criteria air pollutants, while European research has been mixed. Research from Asia, Africa, and other parts of the world has shown a general trend similar to that of North America, but research in these parts of the world is limited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA. Anjumh@uw.edu.
authors.forename: Anjum
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hajat
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA. chsia12@uw.edu.
authors.forename: Charlene
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.affiliation: Departments of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 6623 SPH Tower 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA. marieo@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Marie S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: O'Neill
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D014943:Global Health; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000032:analysis; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D012923:Social Class; D012935:Social Justice / Q000191:economics*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Air pollution; Criteria air pollutants; Environmental inequality; Environmental justice; Social disadvantage; Socioeconomic status