title: The Design and Structure of Outer Membrane Receptors from Peroxisomes, Mitochondria, and Chloroplasts.
abstract: The eukaryotic cell is defined by compartments that allow specialization of function. This compartmental structure generates a new concept in cell biology compared with the simpler prokaryotic cell structure, namely the specific targeting of proteins to intracellular compartments. Protein targeting is achieved by the action of specialized signals on proteins destined for organelles that are recognized by cognate receptors. An understanding of the specificity of targeting signal recognition leading to import requires an understanding of the receptor structures. Here, we focus on the structures of receptors of different import machineries located on the outer membrane of three organelles: peroxisomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. This review provides an overview of the structural features of outer membrane import receptors that recognize targeting signals. Finally, we briefly discuss combinatorial approaches that might aid in understanding the structural factors mediating receptor targeting signal recognition.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Panigrahi
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Szymon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubiszewski-Jakubiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Whelan
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. Electronic address: alice.vrielink@uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vrielink
mesh_terms: D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008958:Models, Molecular; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D021381:Protein Transport; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
keywords: Targeting signals; chloroplast; mitochondria; outer membrane; peroxisome; protein import receptors