title: Loss of interleukin-21 leads to atrophic germinal centers in multicentric Castleman's disease.
abstract: Both multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) and immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) are systemic diseases, presenting with hypergammaglobulinemia and elevated serum levels of IgG4. However, with regard to histopathological findings, MCD shows atrophic germinal centers. On the other hand, expanded germinal centers are detected in IgG4-RD. We extracted germinal centers from specimens of each disorder by microdissection and analyzed the expression of mRNAs by real-time polymerase chain reaction to clarify the mechanisms underlying atrophied germinal centers in MCD. This analysis disclosed loss of interleukin (IL)-21 and B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-6 in the germinal centers of MCD. Loss of IL-21 is considered to be involved in the disappearance of Bcl-6 and leads to atrophied germinal centers in MCD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.|Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterlogy, Sapporo Dohkohkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yajima
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan. mocha@cocoa.plala.or.jp.
authors.forename: Motohisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.
authors.forename: Yui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.|Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nodoka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.
authors.forename: Chisako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naishiro
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohzoh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.|Ikeda Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shinomura
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001284:Atrophy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005871:Castleman Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018858:Germinal Center / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000172:deficiency*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000098546:Interleukin-21
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D000098546:Interleukin-21
keywords: Bcl-6; Follicular helper T cell; Germinal center; Interleukin-21; Multicentric Castleman’s disease