title: Sarcoma Resection With and Without Vascular Reconstruction: A Matched Case-control Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the impact of major vascular resection on sarcoma resection outcomes.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  En bloc resection and reconstruction of involved vessels is being increasingly performed during sarcoma surgery; however, the perioperative and oncologic outcomes of this strategy are not well described.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing sarcoma resection with (VASC) and without (NO-VASC) vascular reconstruction were 1:2 matched on anatomic site, histology, grade, size, synchronous metastasis, and primary (vs. repeat) resection. R2 resections were excluded. Endpoints included perioperative morbidity, mortality, local recurrence, and survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 2000 to 2014, 50 sarcoma patients underwent VASC resection. These were matched with 100 NO-VASC patients having similar clinicopathologic characteristics. The rates of any complication (74% vs. 44%, P = 0.002), grade 3 or higher complication (38% vs. 18%, P = 0.024), and transfusion (66% vs. 33%, P < 0.001) were all more common in the VASC group. Thirty-day (2% vs. 0%, P = 0.30) or 90-day mortality (6% vs. 2%, P = 0.24) were not significantly higher. Local recurrence (5-year, 51% vs. 54%, P = 0.11) and overall survival after resection (5-year, 59% vs. 53%, P = 0.67) were similar between the 2 groups. Within the VASC group, overall survival was not affected by the type of vessel involved (artery vs. vein) or the presence of histology-proven vessel wall invasion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vascular resection and reconstruction during sarcoma resection significantly increases perioperative morbidity and requires meticulous preoperative multidisciplinary planning. However, the oncologic outcome appears equivalent to cases without major vascular involvement. The anticipated need for vascular resection and reconstruction should not be a contraindication to sarcoma resection.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA †Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA ‡Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA §Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA ¶Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA ||Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Poultsides
authors.forename: Thuy B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zambrano
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Janson
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Mohler
authors.forename: Matthew W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Mell
authors.forename: Raffi S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Avedian
authors.forename: Brendan C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ganjoo
authors.forename: E John
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Norton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D058017:Vascular Grafting / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult