title: Histopathological effects of silver and copper nanoparticles on the epidermis, gills, and liver of Siberian sturgeon.
abstract: The influence of nanoparticles (NPs) on aquatic environments is still poorly documented. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of silver (AgNPs) and copper (CuNPs) nanoparticles on larval Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) after 21 days of exposure. Acute toxicity of AgNPs on Siberian sturgeon was investigated in a 96-h static renewal study and compared with the toxicity of CuNPs. The AgNPs and CuNPs 96 h mean lethal concentrations (96 h LC50) were 15.03 ± 2.91 and 1.41 ± 0.24 mg L(-1), respectively. Toxicity tests were done in triplicates for each concentration of AgNPs 0.1, 0.5, 1.5 mg L(-1) and CuNPs 0.01, 0.05, 0.15 mg L(-1). The control group was exposed in freshwater. The results indicate that AgNPs and CuNPs exposure negatively influenced survival; body length and mass; and morphology and physiology of the epidermis, gills, and liver of Siberian sturgeon larvae. Fish exposed to AgNPs and CuNPs showed similar pathological changes: irregular structure and pyknotic nuclei of epidermis, aplasia and/or fusion of lamellae, telangiectasis, epithelial necrosis and lifting of the gills, dilation of sinusoidal space, overfilled blood vessels, and pyknotic nuclei of the liver. Fish exposed to CuNPs only demonstrated hyaline degeneration in the gills epithelium and liver. The study shows that CuNPs were more toxic to Siberian sturgeon larvae than AgNPs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland. teresa_ostaszewska@sggw.pl.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ostaszewska
authors.affiliation: Division of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chojnacki
authors.affiliation: Division of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamaszewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sawosz-Chwalibóg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects; D005399:Fishes; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D012834:Silver; D003300:Copper
keywords: Acipenser baerii; AgNP; CuNP; Epidermis; Gills; Histopathology; Liver; Nanotoxicology