title: In vitro bioactivity of Bioroot™ RCS, via A4 mouse pulpal stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the biocompatibility and osteoinductive properties of Bioroot™ RCS (BR, Septodont, France) compared to Kerr's Pulp Canal Sealer™ (PCS, Kerr, Italy) using the mouse pulp-derived stem cell line A4, which have an osteo/odontogenic potential in vitro and contribute to efficient bone repair in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  A4 cells were cultured at the stem cell stage in the presence of solid disks of BR or PCS, whereas untreated A4 cells were used as control. After 3, 7, 10 days of direct contact with the sealers, cell viability was quantified using Trypan Blue exclusion assay. Immunolabelings were performed to assess the expression of odontoblast markers i.e. type 1 collagen, DMP1 or BSP. Finally, sealer-treated cells were induced toward osteo/odontogenic differentiation to assess the impact of the sealers on mineralization by Von Kossa staining. Statistical significance was evaluated by one-way analysis of variance and t-test (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BR did not alter the viability and morphology of A4 pulpal cells compared to control group (p>0.05); however, living cell percentage of PCS was significantly lower compared to control and BR groups (p<0.05). BR preserved the intrinsic ability of A4 cells to express type 1 collagen, DMP1 or BSP at the stem cell stage. It did not alter the integrity of collagen fibers surrounding the cells and promoted overexpression of BSP and DMP1 at the cell surface. In contrast to PCS, BR did not compromise the mineralization potential of pulpal A4 stem cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bioroot™ RCS was not as cytotoxic as PCS. It did not recruit the pulpal stem cells toward differentiation but preserve their osteo-odontogenic intrinsic properties. Bioroot™ RCS might provide more suitable environment to induce stem cells for hard tissue deposition.
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 1124 & Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
authors.forename: Sasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dimitrova-Nakov
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 1124 & Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uzunoglu
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 1124 & Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ardila-Osorio
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 1124 & Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baudry
authors.affiliation: Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés 94100, France.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 1124 & Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
authors.forename: Odile
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kellermann
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 1124 & Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France. Electronic address: michel.goldberg@parisdescartes.fr.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D003782:Dental Pulp; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D009805:Odontogenesis; D013234:Stem Cells
keywords: Biocompatibility; Cytotoxicity; Endodontic therapies; Mineralization; Root canal sealers; Stem cells