title: The impact of ecological momentary assessment on posttraumatic stress symptom trajectory.
abstract: Ecological momentary assessment includes continuous, real-time gathering of self-report data in a participant's natural environment. The current study evaluated the possible impact of this assessment strategy on severity of posttraumatic stress (PTS) in a sample of participants who reported experiencing a past traumatic event. Participants with clinically elevated PTS symptoms reported symptom severity at three time-points: during an initial screening, following an unmonitored period, and following two weeks of monitoring. During the monitoring period, participants carried an Android device which prompted them to report PTS symptoms and negative emotions six times daily. PTS severity scores were then compared across these three time-points. Results indicated that participating in the ecological momentary assessment protocol was associated with a significant reduction in PTS severity, whereas significant changes were not noted over the unmonitored control condition. The authors conclude that ecological momentary assessment may have therapeutic value even when not combined with formal intervention, and it may be a useful tool for improving the efficiency of a stepped-care approach to treating PTS symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, USA; University of Montana, Department of Psychology, Missoula, MT, USA. Electronic address: daniel.dewey@va.gov.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.affiliation: University of Montana, Department of Psychology, Missoula, MT, USA.
authors.forename: Molly K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.affiliation: Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Wilson J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.affiliation: Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Brian E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Bunnell
authors.affiliation: University of Montana, Department of Psychology, Missoula, MT, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schuldberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003625:Data Collection; D018450:Disease Progression; D004644:Emotions; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057566:Self Report; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Ecological momentary assessment; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Self-monitoring; Traumatic stress