title: Institutionalization and indiscriminate social behavior: Differential-susceptibility versus diathesis-stress models for the 5-HTTLPR and BDNF genotypes.
abstract: Institutionalization adversely impacts children's emotional functioning, proving related to attachment disorders, perhaps most notably that involving indiscriminate behavior, the subject of this report. In seeking to extend work in this area, this research on gene X environment (GXE) interplay investigated whether the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) and val66met Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) polymorphisms moderated the effect of institutional care on indiscriminate behavior in preschoolers. Eighty-five institutionalized and 135 home-reared Portuguese children were assessed using Disturbances of Attachment Interview (DAI). GXE results indicated that s/s homozygotes of the 5-HTTLPR gene displayed significantly higher levels of indiscriminate behavior than all other children if institutionalized, something not true of such children when family reared. These findings proved consistent with the diathesis-stress rather than differential-susceptibility model of person×environment interaction. BDNF proved unrelated to indiscriminate behavior. Results are discussed in relation to previous work on this subject of indiscriminate behavior, institutionalization and GXE interaction.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710 057 Braga, Portugal. Electronic address: ana.mesquita@psi.uminho.uminho.pt.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mesquita
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Electronic address: jbelsky@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Electronic address: zhdli@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710 057 Braga, Portugal. Electronic address: joana.baptista.mail@gmail.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baptista
authors.affiliation: Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710 057 Braga, Portugal. Electronic address: eduardaicorreia@ecsaude.uminho.pt.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carvalho-Correia
authors.affiliation: Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal. Electronic address: pmaciel@ecsaude.uminho.pt.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.affiliation: Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710 057 Braga, Portugal. Electronic address: isoares@psi.uminho.pt.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Soares
mesh_terms: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002674:Child, Institutionalized / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009769:Object Attachment; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011174:Portugal; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012919:Social Behavior
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; C579455:BDNF protein, human
keywords: 5-HTTLPR; BDNF; Diathesis-stress; Differential susceptibility; Indiscriminate behavior; Institutionalization