title: Klotho-related Molecules Upregulated by Smoking Habit in Apparently Healthy Men: A Cross-sectional Study.
abstract: While aging is unavoidable, the aging mechanism is still unclear because of its complexity. Smoking causes premature death and is considered as an environmental aging accelerator. In the present study, we focused on the influence of smoking to the serum concentration of anti-aging protein α-klotho (αKl) and the β-klotho-associated protein fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 in men. Subjects consisted of apparently healthy men over 40 years of age who underwent health examination. Physical and biochemical parameters, including the levels of several cytokines and growth factors, were obtained from the subjects. Among middle-aged men (46.1 ± 5.1 years), serum levels of FGF-21, soluble αKl (sαKl), and inflammation-related cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 were significantly higher in smokers than in never-smokers. Serum levels of FGF-21 increased and correlated with alanine transaminase, γ guanosine-5'-triphosphate, and total cholesterol only in smokers, suggesting FGF-21 as a metabolic disorder-related factor in smokers. In aged men (60.3 ± 1.7 years), although the serum levels of sαKl in never-smokers were low, smokers showed highly increased serum levels of sαKl. Serum levels of sαKl was correlated with IL-6 in middle-aged never-smokers, suggesting sαKl regulates IL-6. However, this correlation was disrupted in smokers and aged men.
authors.affiliation: Health Care Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Health Care Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Developmental Immunology, JST-CREST, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, and WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Health Care Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohama
authors.affiliation: Health Care Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Developmental Immunology, JST-CREST, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, and WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Health Care Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.affiliation: Health Care Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamauchi-Takihara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004777:Environment; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000097:blood; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000097:blood*; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D000090265:Klotho Proteins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; C414620:fibroblast growth factor 21; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D005966:Glucuronidase; D000090265:Klotho Proteins