title: Renal colic: current protocols for emergency presentations.
abstract: Flank pain caused by renal colic is a common presentation to emergency departments. This paper reviews the acute clinical assessment of these patients, outlines appropriate diagnostic strategies with labwork and imaging and updates the reader on conservative treatments, suitable choices for analgesia and indications for surgical intervention. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment instituted in the Emergency Department can rapidly and effectively manage this excruciatingly painful condition.
authors.affiliation: aDepartments of Urology and Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada bDepartment of Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Melbourne, Austin Health cOlivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute dPeter McCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leveridge
authors.forename: Frank T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: D'Arcy
authors.forename: Dermot
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Kane
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ischia
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Damien M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bolton
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lawrentschuk
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004638:Emergency Treatment; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D056844:Renal Colic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics