title: Exercise intervention in people with cancer undergoing adjuvant cancer treatment following surgery: A systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Remaining physically active during and after cancer treatment is known to improve associated adverse effects, improve overall survival and reduce the probability of relapse. This systematic review addresses the question: is an exercise training programme beneficial in people with cancer undergoing adjuvant cancer treatment following surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic database search of Embase, Ovid, Medline without Revisions, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov for any randomised controlled trials (RCT) or non-RCT addressing the effect of an exercise training programme in those having adjuvant cancer treatment following surgery was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The database search yielded 6489 candidate abstracts of which 94 references included the required terms. A total of 17 articles were included in this review. Exercise training is safe and feasible in the adjuvant setting and furthermore may improve measures of physical fitness and health related quality of life (HRQoL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first systematic review on exercise training interventions in people with cancer undergoing adjuvant cancer treatment following surgery. Due to the lack of adequately powered RCTs in this area, it remains unclear whether exercise training in this context improves clinical outcomes other physical fitness and HRQoL. It remains unclear what is the optimal timing of initiation of an exercise programme and what are the best combinations of elements within an exercise training programme to optimise training efficacy. Furthermore, it is unclear if initiating such exercise programmes at cancer diagnosis may have a long-lasting effect on physically activity throughout the subsequent life course.
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. Electronic address: Lisa.Loughney@uhs.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Loughney
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Academic Unit of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: West
authors.affiliation: Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Department of Musculoskeletal Biology and MRC, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
authors.forename: M P W
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Grocott
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, CE93, MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jack
mesh_terms: D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life
keywords: Adjuvant cancer treatment; Cancer; Exercise intervention; Surgery