title: Regulatory B cell: New member of immunosuppressive cell club.
abstract: Historically, the pivotal role of B cells or B lymphocytes in immunity has been attributed to the production of antibodies. They were also demonstrated to present antigens to T cells and to secrete cytokines, thereby acting as positive regulators in immune responses. A series of studies on autoimmune diseases, however, led researchers to find a unique subset of B cells, later described as "regulatory B cells" (Bregs), that has the ability to suppress immune responses. Bregs occur not only in autoimmune diseases, but also in inflammation and transplantation. Furthermore, recently published literatures suggested that Bregs contributed to the growth and metastasis of certain cancers. In this review, we will discuss these unique subsets of B cells in different kinds of disorders, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms of their immunoregulatory role that were collected from mice and humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, China. Electronic address: caoshui9999@163.com.
authors.forename: Shui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, China. Electronic address: renxiubao@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Xiubao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D060151:B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007167:Immunotherapy; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D016207:Cytokines
keywords: B cell-based therapy; Immuno-suppressive environment; Regulatory B cells; Tumor immunology