title: Herbal formulation, DIA-2 and Rosiglitazone ameliorates hyperglycemia and hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetic rats.
abstract: DIA-2 is a herbal mixture containing standardized extract of Allium sativum and Lagerstroemia speciosa. Recently we have reported the anti-diabetic effect of DIA-2 in high fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetic (T2D) rats. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of DIA-2 with Rosiglitazone (RG) on plasma biomarkers of hepatocellular injury, liver carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, glycogen content, oxidant/antioxidant status and histopathological changes in T2D rats. ALT and ALP levels were significantly decreased after DIA-2 and RG treatment compared to T2D rats. Total protein and albumin remained unaltered in all the groups. Significant decrease in AST levels were observed after DIA-2 (125 mg/kg) and RG treatment. Hepatic hexokinase activity was significantly increased after RG and DIA-2 treatment and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase activity were inversely correlated with hexokinase activity. Hepatic gucose-6-phosphatase activity was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced after DIA-2 (62.5 mg/kg) and RG treatment. Lipid peroxides levels was significantly decreased in the liver of DIA-2 (62.5; p < 0.01 & 125 mg/kg; p < 0.05) treated animals. Hepatic glycogen content (p < 0.05) and antioxidant enzymes [SOD (p < 0.01; 62.5 mg/kg); GPx and GSH (125 mg/kg; p < 0.01)] were significantly increased after DIA-2 treatment. RG treatment on hepatic glycogen, GPx (p < 0.01) and SOD, GSH (p < 0.05) levels were significant when compared to T2D rats. These biochemical parameters were also correlated with histopathological evaluation. The above findings revealed that administration of DIA-2 could ameliorate the biochemical and histopathological changes in liver of T2D rats indicating the protective role of DIA-2 against HFD/STZ induced diabetes. In addition, DIA-2 and RG treatment resulted in amelioration of hepatic steatosis in T2D rats.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Toxicology and Developmental Research, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. drkskesavan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kesavanarayanan
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Priya
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Selvakkumar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kavimani
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prathiba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone