title: Recovery of Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to identify and evaluate factors that may influence the recovery rate in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis was performed for patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss between 2009 and 2013. Those with an identified etiology were excluded. The patients were divided into four treatment groups: (i) systemic corticosteroids (SC) only, (ii) SC+low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), (iii) SC+hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), and (iv) SC+LMWH+HBO. Recovery was evaluated according to Siegel's criteria. Age, initial hearing level, onset, treatment and audiogram types, comorbidities, and associated tinnitus and vestibular symptoms were investigated for their impact on prognosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred five patients with ISSNHL were included. Recovery was seen in 59% of the patients. The complete recovery rate was significantly lower in patients older than 60 years and in patients presenting with profound hearing loss. Different audiogram curves had no significant effect on recovery. Sudden hearing loss was accompanied by tinnitus in 107 (52.1%) patients and vestibular symptoms in 55 (26.8%); however, neither was noted to affect prognosis. Different treatment combinations did not significantly affect prognosis. However, hypertension and a delay in treatment by more than 10 days from the onset of hearing loss were associated with a worse prognosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Profound hearing loss, older than 60 years, a delay in treatment by more than 10 days, and hypertension were negative prognostic factors in this study, whereas, the type of audiogram curve and addition of HBO to SC did not affect prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey. deniztunaedizer@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Deniz Tuna
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Edizer
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Çelebi
authors.forename: Bahtiyar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamit
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baki
authors.forename: Özgür
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Yiğit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone / Q000379:methods; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D003639:Hearing Loss, Sudden / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation / Q000379:methods*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D061665:Time-to-Treatment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight