title: iRGD-conjugated DSPE-PEG2000 nanomicelles for targeted delivery of salinomycin for treatment of both liver cancer cells and cancer stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop novel iRGD (internalizing Arg-Gly-Asp peptide)-conjugated DSPE-PEG2000 nanomicelles (M-SAL-iRGD) for delivery of salinomycin to both liver cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The characterization, antitumor activity and mechanism of action of M-SAL-iRGD were evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  M-SAL-iRGD possessed a small size of around 10 nm, and drug encapsulation efficacy higher than 90%. M-SAL-iRGD showed significantly increased cytotoxic effect toward both nontargeted M-SAL (salinomycin-loaded DSPE-PEG2000 nanomicelles) and salinomycin in both liver cancer cells and CSCs. The tissue distribution and antitumor assays in mice bearing liver cancer xenograft confirmed the superior penetration tumor efficacy and antitumor activity of M-SAL-iRGD. M-SAL-iRGD represent a potential effective nanomedicine against liver cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.|School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Zhirong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.|School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Zhiguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Bohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.|School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Yanqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008823:Micelles; D050997:Nanomedicine; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D039942:Neuropilin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011714:Pyrans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D000095662:Polyether Polyketides
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008081:Liposomes; D008823:Micelles; D039942:Neuropilin-1; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010455:Peptides; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011714:Pyrans; C519184:1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol 2000); C010327:salinomycin; D000095662:Polyether Polyketides; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid
keywords: cancer nanotechnology; cancer stem cells; iRGD; liver cancer; micelles