title: Effect of previous diagnoses of depression, menopause status, vasomotor symptoms, and neuroticism on depressive symptoms among climacteric women: A 30-month follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The research was designed to examine the impact of the previous diagnoses of depression, menopause status, vasomotor symptoms, and neuroticism on depressive symptoms among menopausal women in Taiwan over a 30-month follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A community-based sample of 190 middle-aged women was enrolled. The Menopausal Symptoms Scale, Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five Factor Inventory-Chinese version, and Ko's Depression Inventory were applied, and results were assessed. In addition, each woman underwent a semistructured diagnostic interview with the Chinese version of the Modified Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime to obtain her lifetime psychiatric history. After 30 months, 111 participants completed follow-up questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of the hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that depressive symptoms during the menopause transition predicted depressive symptoms over 30 months. After controlling for depressive symptoms during the menopause transition, the previous diagnoses of depression, menopause status, and vasomotor symptoms could not predict depressive symptoms over 30 months, whereas neuroticism still predicted depressive symptoms over 30 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The research suggested that neuroticism plays an important role in the persistence of depression among climacteric women after 30 months.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsiang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: jennyko@asia.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Huei-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jo Yung-Wei
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Da-An Women and Children Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fong-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Education, College of Social Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yuk-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Tung
mesh_terms: D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002979:Climacteric / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016014:Linear Models; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D000075384:Neuroticism; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013624:Taiwan; D013997:Time Factors; D014666:Vasomotor System / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: depressive symptoms; menopause status; neuroticism; previous diagnoses of depression; vasomotor symptoms