title: The relationship between cough-specific quality of life and abdominal muscle endurance, fatigue, and depression in patients with COPD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cough is a prevalent symptom that impacts quality of life in COPD. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cough-specific quality of life, abdominal muscle endurance, fatigue, and depression in stable patients with COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight patients with COPD (mean age 60.6±8.7 years) referred for pulmonary rehabilitation participated in this cross-sectional study. Sit-ups test was used for assessing abdominal muscle endurance. Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) was used to evaluate symptom-specific quality of life. Fatigue perception was evaluated with Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS). Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used for assessing depression level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LCQ total score was significantly associated with number of sit-ups; BDI score; FIS total; physical, cognitive, and psychosocial scores (P<0.05). Scores of the LCQ physical, social, and psychological domains were also significantly related with number of sit-ups, FIS total score, and BDI score (P<0.05). FIS total score and number of sit-ups explained 58% of the variance in LCQ total score (r=0.76, r (2)=0.577, F(2-20)=12.296, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic cough may adversely affect performance in daily life due to its negative effect on fatigue and decrease abdominal muscle endurance in patients with COPD. Decreased cough-related quality of life is related with increased level of depression in COPD patients. Effects of increased abdominal muscle endurance and decreased fatigue in COPD patients with chronic cough need further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hulya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arikan
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savci
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calik-Kutukcu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Naciye
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vardar-Yagli
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Melda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saglam
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inal-Ince
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Lutfi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coplu
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003371:Cough / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; cough; depression; fatigue; quality of life