title: Can we predict age at natural menopause using ovarian reserve tests or mother's age at menopause? A systematic literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review aimed to appraise data on prediction of age at natural menopause (ANM) based on antimüllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), and mother's ANM to evaluate clinical usefulness and to identify directions for further research.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted three systematic reviews of the literature to identify studies of menopause prediction based on AMH, AFC, or mother's ANM, corrected for baseline age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six studies selected in the search for AMH all consistently demonstrated AMH as being capable of predicting ANM (hazard ratio, 5.6-9.2). The sole study reporting on mother's ANM indicated that AMH was capable of predicting ANM (hazard ratio, 9.1-9.3). Two studies provided analyses of AFC and yielded conflicting results, making this marker less strong.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AMH is currently the most promising marker for ANM prediction. The predictive capacity of mother's ANM demonstrated in a single study makes this marker a promising contributor to AMH for menopause prediction. Models, however, do not predict the extremes of menopause age very well and have wide prediction interval. These markers clearly need improvement before they can be used for individual prediction of menopause in the clinical setting. Moreover, potential limitations for such use include variations in AMH assays used and a lack of correction for factors or diseases affecting AMH levels or ANM. Future studies should include women of a broad age range (irrespective of cycle regularity) and should base predictions on repeated AMH measurements. Furthermore, currently unknown candidate predictors need to be identified.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands 2Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands 3Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Shahid Behesti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak, Iran 4The Robinson Research Institute, School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Depmann
authors.forename: Simone L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Broer
authors.forename: Yvonne T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: van der Schouw
authors.forename: Fahimeh R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Tehrani
authors.forename: Marinus J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Eijkemans
authors.forename: Ben W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Mol
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Broekmans
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000502:physiology*; D065851:Ovarian Reserve / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone