title: Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and submaximal systolic blood pressure among young adult men: a reversed J-curve pattern relationship.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Exercise blood pressure is a marker of future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among individuals with or without high resting BP or any other cardiovascular disease (CVD) signs and symptoms at present. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between SBP during submaximal exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among young men. Further, we investigated the trend displayed by submaximal SBP (SSBP) across different levels of CRF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Graded exercise test (GXT) using a Modified Bruce protocol was performed on 204 men; SSBP was recorded at each stage of the protocol. Quintiles of CRF were established on the basis of peak oxygen consumption (VO2), with the first quintile (Q) being the lowest fit group and fifth Q the most fit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean VO2 peaks in Q 1 through 5 were 32.3, 39.1, 43.4, 48.1 and 55.5 ml/kg per min, respectively. In a model adjusted for age, race, body fat percentage, resting SBP, alcohol intake and smoking, the largest difference in SSBP was observed between men in Q 1 and 2, with 7.6 mmHg (P = 0.05), 9.4 mmHg (P = 0.02) and 9.5 mmHg (P = 0.04) lower SSBP at minutes 6, 8 and 10 of GXT, respectively. SSBP plateaus at Q 3, followed by an increase in the higher Qs, although still lower than Q1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a reverse J-curve pattern relationship between SSBP and CRF, with the lowest SSBP among men with fair or good CRF and highest among those with poor CRF.
  http://links.lww.com/HJH/A538.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina bSchool of Public Health, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA cCardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention, Director, Stress Testing Laboratory, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School - The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Vivek K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drenowatz
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hand
authors.forename: Carl J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lavie
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Madison
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demello
authors.forename: Steven N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Blair
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D055815:Young Adult