title: Fine Particulate Matter Constituents, Nitric Oxide Synthase DNA Methylation and Exhaled Nitric Oxide.
abstract: It remains unknown how fine particulate matter (PM2.5) constituents affect differently the fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO, a biomarker of airway inflammation) and the DNA methylation of its encoding gene (NOS2A). We aimed to investigate the short-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on NOS2A methylation and FeNO. We designed a longitudinal study among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with six repeated health measurements in Shanghai, China. We applied linear mixed-effect models to evaluate the associations. We observed that the inverse association between PM2.5 and methylation at position 1 was limited within 24 h, and the positive association between PM2.5 and FeNO was the strongest at lag 1 day. Organic carbon, element carbon, NO3(-) and NH4(+) were robustly and significantly associated with decreased methylation and elevated FeNO. An interquartile range increase in total PM2.5 and the four constituents was associated with decreases of 1.19, 1.63, 1.62, 1.17, and 1.14 in percent methylation of NOS2A, respectively, and increases of 13.30%,16.93%, 8.97%, 18.26%, and 11.42% in FeNO, respectively. Our results indicated that organic carbon, element carbon, NO3(-) and NH4(+) might be mainly responsible for the effects of PM2.5 on the decreased NOS2A DNA methylation and elevated FeNO in COPD patients.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Renjie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Lab of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences , Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Huichu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yunhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200023, China.
authors.forename: Wenxi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Cuicui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Lab of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences , Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Hongli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Zhuohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Texas A&M School of Public Health , College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professionals, College of Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.|Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Haidong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D019175:DNA Methylation; D045853:Exhalation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D052638:Particulate Matter; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002244:Carbon; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II