title: Seizure-triggered Takotsubo syndrome rarely causes SUDEP.
abstract: Since almost 20 y it is known that seizures may trigger Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Since then it has been repeatedly proposed that TTS could be the cause of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). A review of the so far reported cases of seizure-triggered TTS was carried out to see how often seizure-triggered TTS is fatal. Altogether 59 papers were identified which reported altogether 74 patients with seizure-triggered TTS. Age was reported in 70 patients and ranged from 18 to 82 y. Gender was reported in 70 cases and was female in 60 cases (86%). The type of triggering seizure was reported in 47 cases. In 28 patients (60%) the trigger was a generalized tonic clonic seizure, in 15 cases (32%) a generalized status epilepticus, and in 3 cases a complex partial seizure. The outcome was mentioned in 63 of the 74 patients. Full recovery was reported in 61 cases (97%), incomplete recovery in none of the patients, and a fatal outcome in 2 patients (3%). Fatalities are rare in patients experiencing seizure-triggered TTS. This is why seizure-triggered TTS does not seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of SUDEP.
authors.affiliation: Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Postfach 20, 1180 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: fifigs1@yahoo.de.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Finsterer
authors.affiliation: Cerebrovascular Unit, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute 'C.Besta', Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bersano
mesh_terms: D003645:Death, Sudden / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D012640:Seizures / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D054549:Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Cardiomyopathy; Complication; Epilepsy; Heart failure; Seizure; Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy; Takotsubo