title: Space-Bounded Church-Turing Thesis and Computational Tractability of Closed Systems.
abstract: We report a new limitation on the ability of physical systems to perform computation-one that is based on generalizing the notion of memory, or storage space, available to the system to perform the computation. Roughly, we define memory as the maximal amount of information that the evolving system can carry from one instant to the next. We show that memory is a limiting factor in computation even in lieu of any time limitations on the evolving system-such as when considering its equilibrium regime. We call this limitation the space-bounded Church-Turing thesis (SBCT). The SBCT is supported by a simulation assertion (SA), which states that predicting the long-term behavior of bounded-memory systems is computationally tractable. In particular, one corollary of SA is an explicit bound on the computational hardness of the long-term behavior of a discrete-time finite-dimensional dynamical system that is affected by noise. We prove such a bound explicitly.
authors.affiliation: Computer Science Department, Princeton University, 35 Olden Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Braverman
authors.affiliation: Computer Science Department, Princeton University, 35 Olden Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 220, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rojas