title: The determination of the radical power - an in vitro test for the evaluation of cosmetic products.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cosmetic formulations are influenced by environmental impacts and ageing, resulting in rancidity and change of colour and structure. These changes are caused by free radicals (FRs). The sensitivity of cosmetics generating FRs is a metric for its quality and should be determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electron spin resonance spectroscopy in combination with UV irradiation tested cosmetics such as creams, milks, lotions and fragrances. The probes were directly measured without expensive preparation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine formulations are tested for its radical generation and ranked corresponding to the radical power. The transformation of the FR properties of three formulations to skin is measured by the radical skin status factor (RSF) method. It shows that the higher the radical power (RP) is, the lower the radical status RSF of skin will be.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The knowledge of the sensitivity of cosmetics to generate FRs is necessary for its stabilization and prevention of potential damages to skin. It is a new way in development of cosmetics which has to be considered.
authors.affiliation: GEMATRIA Test Lab, Parkstraße 23, 13187, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Herrling
authors.affiliation: GEMATRIA Test Lab, Parkstraße 23, 13187, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.affiliation: GEMATRIA Test Lab, Parkstraße 23, 13187, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sandig
authors.affiliation: GEMATRIA Test Lab, Parkstraße 23, 13187, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D003358:Cosmetics; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D066298:In Vitro Techniques
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics
keywords: ESR spectroscopy; cosmetic formulation; free radicals; radical power; radical skin status factor