title: A 12-Week Exercise Program for Pregnant Women with Obesity to Improve Physical Activity Levels: An Open Randomised Preliminary Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether a 12-week supervised exercise program promotes an active lifestyle throughout pregnancy in pregnant women with obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this preliminary randomised trial, pregnant women (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) were allocated to either standard care or supervised training, from 15 to 27 weeks of gestation. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry at 14, 28 and 36 weeks, while fitness (oxygen consumption (VO2) at the anaerobic threshold), nutrition (caloric intake and macronutrients percentage) and anthropometry were assessed at 14 and 28 weeks of gestation. Analyses were performed using repeated measures ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of fifty (50) women were randomised, 25 in each group. There was no time-group interaction for time spent at moderate and vigorous activity (pinteraction = 0.064), but the exercise group's levels were higher than controls' at all times (pgroup effect = 0.014). A significant time-group interaction was found for daily physical activity (p = 0.023); similar at baseline ((22.0 ± 6.7 vs 21.8 ± 7.3) x 10(4) counts/day) the exercise group had higher levels than the control group following the intervention ((22.8 ± 8.3 vs 19.2 ± 4.5) x 10(4) counts/day, p = 0.020) and at 36 weeks of gestation ((19.2 ± 1.5 vs 14.9 ± 1.5) x 10(4) counts/day, p = 0.034). Exercisers also gained less weight than controls during the intervention period despite similar nutritional intakes (difference in weight change = -0.1 kg/week, 95% CI -0.2; -0.02, p = 0.016) and improved cardiorespiratory fitness (difference in fitness change = 8.1%, 95% CI 0.7; 9.5, p = 0.041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with standard care, a supervised exercise program allows pregnant women with obesity to maintain fitness, limit weight gain and attenuate the decrease in physical activity levels observed in late pregnancy.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01610323.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, Province of Québec, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec City, Province of Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bisson
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec City, Province of Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alméras
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, Province of Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Sébastien S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dufresne
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, Province of Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robitaille
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Province of Québec.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rhéaume
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, Province of Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bujold
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, Province of Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frenette
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec City, Province of Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, Province of Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002149:Energy Intake; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D037841:Pregnant People; D015430:Weight Gain