title: Construction of a novel inducing system with multi-layered alginate microcapsules to regulate differentiation of neural precursor cells from bone mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: Neural precursor cells (NPCs) are a promising cell source for the treatment of nervous system diseases; however, they are limited in their applications due to source-related ethical considerations or legislations. Therefore, a novel approach is necessary to obtain sufficient NPCs. Recently, the usage of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiated into neural cells has become a potential method to obtain NPCs. Moreover, growth factors (GFs) are emerging as inducers to evoke the differentiation of BMSCs into NPCs. For example, GFs may activate various signaling pathways related to neural differentiation, such as phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B, cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A, and Janus kinase/signal transducer activator of transcription. However, the utilization of growth factors still has some limitations such as high costs and low rates of neural differentiation. Neuroblastoma cells have been characterized as a potential pool for growth factors. Additionally, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a type of growth factor, has been demonstrated to be able to increase the differentiation and survival rate of NPCs. For better use of neuroblastoma cells and bFGF, we established a novel system involving multi-layered alginate-polylysine-alginate (APA) microcapsules to encapsulate neuroblastoma cells and bFGF, which may not only provide sufficient growth factors in a sustained manner but also avoid the carcinogenicity caused by neuroblastoma cells. Above all, we hypothesized that neuroblastoma cells and bFGF encapsulated in multilayered alginate microcapsules may efficiently induce the differentiation of BMSCs into NPCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, District Shahekou, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, District Shahekou, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, District Shahekou, Dalian 116023, PR China. Electronic address: nanf1974@163.com.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, District Shahekou, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, District Shahekou, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors.forename: Yushuang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, District Shahekou, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, District Shahekou, Dalian 116023, PR China.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D002214:Capsules / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D011107:Polylysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D002214:Capsules; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C051546:alginate-polylysine-alginate; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D011107:Polylysine; D020723:Glucuronic Acid