title: The Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance of Urinary FGFR3 Mutation Analysis in Bladder Cancer Surveillance: A Prospective Multicenter Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the diagnostic and prognostic performance of a noninvasive FGFR3 mutation analysis. After transurethral resection (TUR) of noninvasive bladder transitional cell carcinoma (B-TCC), recurrence occurs in 70% of patients, thus justifying cystoscopic surveillance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective multicenter study was carried out with a 2-year follow-up of patients with superficial B-TCC. Urine samples were collected before TUR and then before each cystoscopy during follow-up. Screening for the most prevalent FGFR3 mutations was done using urinary cells. The prognostic significance of an FGFR3 mutation at the time of the initial diagnosis was determined. The performance of the test in diagnosing and/or predicting recurrence during follow-up was assessed by calculating sensitivity and specificity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 191 patients studied, 74 (39%) had a positive analysis before TUR (FGFR3 mutation group). The presence of an FGFR3 mutation at the time of diagnosis was associated with a shorter time to recurrence (P = .02). During follow-up, 68 patients from the FGFR3 mutation group were evaluated. FGFR3 mutation analysis showed a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specificity of 0.87 when compared with the results of cystoscopy. A positive urine test was predictive of recurrence either at the time of the positive result or later during the 2-year follow-up, with a sensitivity of 0.70 and a specificity of 0.87.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among patients with an FGFR3 mutation in the initial tumor, a noninvasive urine test during follow-up can be valuable in diagnosing or predicting subsequent recurrence.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France; University Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Department of Biostatistics, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Couffignal
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Department of Urology, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Desgrandchamps
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Department of Urology, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mongiat-Artus
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Department of Urology, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ravery
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Department of Urology, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Idir
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ouzaid
authors.affiliation: GRC-05, University Institute of Cancerology (IUC), Departments of Urology Tenon and Pitié Hospitals, University Paris-6, Paris, France; AP-HP, Department of Urology, Pitié Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roupret
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Department of Urology, Pitié Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Phe
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Department of Urology, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Calin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ciofu
authors.affiliation: INSERM, ECEVE, UMR 1123, CIC-EC 11425, Paris, France; ECEVE, UMR 1123, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tubach
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France; University Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Department of Biostatistics, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: France
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mentre
authors.affiliation: GRC-05, University Institute of Cancerology (IUC), Departments of Urology Tenon and Pitié Hospitals, University Paris-6, Paris, France; AP-HP, Department of Urology, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cussenot
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France. Electronic address: bernard.grandchamp@bch.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grandchamp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine*; D003558:Cystoscopy; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051498:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000652:urine*; D013997:Time Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: C496365:FGFR3 protein, human; D051498:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3