title: Molecular epidemiology and surveillance of circulating rotavirus and adenovirus in Congolese children with gastroenteritis.
abstract: Infectious Diarrhea caused by rotavirus and adenovirus, is a leading cause of death in children in sub-Sahara Africa but there is limited published data on the diverse rotavirus genotypes and adenovirus serotypes circulating in the Republic of Congo. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of severe diarrhea caused by rotavirus A (RVA) and Adenovirus serotype 40 and 41 in Congolese children hospitalized with severe gastroenteritis. Stool samples were collected from 655 Congolese children less than 60 months of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis between June 2012 and June 2013. Rotavirus and adenovirus antigens were tested using commercially available ELISA kits and the RVA G- and P- genotypes were identified by seminested multiplex RT-PCR. Three hundred and four (46.4%) children were tested positive for RVA. Adenovirus infection was found in 5.5% of the 564 tested children. Rotavirus infection was frequently observed in children between 6-12 months (55.9%). The dry season months recorded increased RVA infection while no seasonality of adenovirus infection was demonstrated. The most common RVA genotypes were G1 (57.5%), G2 (6.4%), G1G2 mixture (15.5%), P[8] (58%), P[6] (13.2%), and P[8]P[6] mixture (26%). Additionally, the genotype G12P[6] was significantly associated with increased vomiting. This first study on Congolese children demonstrates a high prevalence and clinical significance of existing rotavirus genotypes. Adenovirus prevalence is similar to that of other Central African countries. This baseline epidemiology and molecular characterization study will contribute significantly to the RVA surveillance after vaccine implementation in the country.
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
authors.forename: Gontran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mayindou
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
authors.forename: Berge
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ngokana
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
authors.forename: Anissa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sidibé
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
authors.forename: Victoire
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Moundélé
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koukouikila-Koussounda
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
authors.forename: Jeannhey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Christevy Vouvoungui
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Capacity for Leadership Excellence and Research, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kwedi Nolna
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Thirumalaisamy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Velavan
authors.affiliation: Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.|Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ntoumi
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003223:Congo / Q000453:epidemiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D005838:Genotype; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Republic of Congo; adenovirus; gastroenteritis; genotypes