title: 'Physical Activity 4 Everyone' school-based intervention to prevent decline in adolescent physical activity levels: 12 month (mid-intervention) report on a cluster randomised trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adolescence is a recognised period of physical activity decline, particularly among low-income communities. We report the 12-month (midpoint) effects of a 2-year multicomponent physical activity intervention implemented in disadvantaged secondary schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cluster randomised trial was undertaken in 10 secondary schools located in disadvantaged areas in New South Wales, Australia. Students in Grade 7 were recruited, with follow-up in Grade 8. The intervention was guided by socioecological theory and included seven physical activity strategies, and six implementation adoption strategies. The primary outcome was mean minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day assessed using Actigraph GT3X accelerometers. Outcome data were analysed using repeated measures linear mixed models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 1150 (93%) students participated in the data collection (mean age 12 years, 48% boys) and 1050 (79%) students participated at 12-month follow-up. By the 12-month follow-up, the six implementation adoption strategies had been used to support schools to deliver four of the seven physical activity elements. There was a significant group-by-time interaction for mean minutes of MVPA per day in favour of the intervention group (adjusted difference between groups at follow-up=3.85 min, 95% CI (0.79 to 6.91), p ≤ 0.01), including significantly more vigorous physical activity (2.45 min, p ≤ 0.01), equating to 27 min more MVPA per week.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At 12-month follow-up, the intervention had reduced the decline in physical activity among adolescents from disadvantaged schools. The intervention may assist students to meet physical activity guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.affiliation: Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lubans
authors.affiliation: Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Early Start Research Institute and School of Education, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Okely
authors.affiliation: Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nathan
authors.affiliation: Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wolfenden
authors.affiliation: Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Jarrod
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiese
authors.affiliation: Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gillham
authors.affiliation: Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Jenna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hollis
authors.affiliation: Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiggers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D012574:Schools; D012923:Social Class; D035862:Vulnerable Populations
keywords: Adolescent; Physical activity; Research; School