title: Fascia and Primo Vascular System.
abstract: The anatomical basis for the concept of acupuncture points/meridians in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has not been resolved. This paper reviews the fascia research progress and the relationship among acupuncture points/meridians, primo vascular system (PVS), and fascia. Fascia is as a covering, with common origins of layers of the fascial system despite diverse names for individual parts. Fascia assists gliding and fluid flow and holds memory and is highly innervated. Fascia is intimately involved with nourishment of all cells of the body, including those of disease and cancer. The human body's fascia network may be the physical substrate represented by the meridians of TCM. The PVS is a newly found circulatory system; recent increased interest has led to new research and new discoveries in the anatomical and functional aspects of the PVS. The fasciology theory provides new insights into the physiological effects of acupuncture needling on basic cellular mechanisms including connective tissue mechanotransduction and regeneration. This view represents a theoretical basis and means for applying modern biomedical research to examining TCM principles and therapies, and it favors a holistic approach to diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China ; School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Kuan
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
authors.forename: Qin-Lao
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China ; Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan