title: Rapid development of cardiac dysfunction in a canine model of insulin resistance and moderate obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The worldwide incidence of obesity and diabetes continues to rise at an alarming rate. A major cause of the morbidity and mortality associated with obesity and diabetes is heart disease, yet the mechanisms that lead to cardiovascular complications remain unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed cardiac MRI to assess left ventricular morphology and function during the development of moderate obesity and insulin resistance in a well-established canine model (n = 26). To assess the influence of dietary fat composition, we randomised animals to a traditional lard diet (rich in saturated and monounsaturated fat; n = 12), a salmon oil diet (rich in polyunsaturated fat; n = 8) or a control diet (n = 6).
  
  
  RESULTS
  High-fat feeding with lard increased body weight and fasting insulin and markedly reduced insulin sensitivity. Lard feeding also significantly reduced left ventricular function, evidenced by a worsening of circumferential strain and impairment in left ventricular torsion. High-fat feeding with salmon oil increased body weight; however, salmon oil feeding did not impair insulin sensitivity or cardiac function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data emphasise the importance of dietary fat composition on both metabolic and cardiac function, and have important implications for the relationship between diet and health.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Josiane L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Broussard
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Cathryn M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kolka
authors.affiliation: Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Isaac Asare
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Bediako
authors.affiliation: Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Paszkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Szczepaniak
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Darko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stefanovski
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lidia S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Szczepaniak
authors.affiliation: Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA. richard.bergman@cshs.org.
authors.forename: Richard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Bergman
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D015994:Incidence; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D007328:Insulin; C030341:salmon oil; C029310:lard
keywords: Insulin resistance; Magnetic resonance imaging; Obesity; Subclinical heart disease; Type 2 diabetes