title: Sex- and Obesity-specific Association of Aromatase (CYP19A1) Gene Variant with Apolipoprotein B and Hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gender differences in cardiovascular disease risk have been attributed to sex hormones. The CYP19A1 protein (aromatase) plays a critical role in estrogen biosynthesis and thus affects body fat distribution and regulation. We examined the relationship between polymorphism of the CYP19A1 gene and lipoproteins, body mass index (BMI), insulin levels and HOMA index.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomly selected 2250 Turkish adults (aged 49.7 ± 11.9 years; 48.6% males) were genotyped for CYP19A1 rs10046 polymorphism using hybridization probes in Real-Time PCR LC480 device.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Distribution of the CYP19A1 rs10046 polymorphism was 28% (n = 630), 48.3 % (n = 1085) and 23.7% (n = 535) for the CC, CT and TT genotypes, respectively, and the T allele frequency was 0.48. In relation to apolipoprotein (apo)B levels, C homozygosity was associated with higher apoB in non-obese females, contrasting to being so in obese males only, and further in postmenopausal females. CC genotype in females was associated in linear regression analysis by 7.2 ± 3.3 mg/dL higher apoB than CT + TT genotypes, independent of age and BMI. Among premenopausal females, insulin levels (p = 0.007), BMI (p = 0.05) and HOMA index (p = 0.034) were higher in C homozygotes than in T-allele carriers. However, CYP19A1 TT genotype contributed to hypertension at an OR 1.80 (95% CI 1.12-2.91), independently of age, BMI and other confounders, in males alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CYP19A1 rs10046 polymorphism is associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as circulating apoB, insulin resistance and hypertension in a sex- and obesity-specific manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: neslic@istanbul.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Neslihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Coban
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Altan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onat
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guclu-Geyik
authors.affiliation: Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Department of Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gunay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Can
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Erginel-Unaltuna
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D001141:Aromatase / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D007328:Insulin; D001141:Aromatase; C561410:CYP19A1 protein, human
keywords: Apolipoprotein B; CYP19A1 polymorphism; Insulin resistance; Sex disparity; TARF study