title: Multiple ligand simultaneous docking (MLSD): A novel approach to study the effect of inhibitors on substrate binding to PPO.
abstract: Multiple ligand simultaneous docking, a computational approach is used to study the concurrent interactions between substrate and the macromolecule binding together in the presence of an inhibitor. The present investigation deals with the study of the effect of different inhibitors on binding of substrate to the protein Polyphenoloxidase (PPO). The protein was isolated from Mucuna pruriens and confirmed as tyrosinases involved in L-DOPA production. The activity was measured using different inhibitors at different concentrations taking catechol as substrate. A high-throughput binding study was conducted to compare the binding orientations of individual ligands and multiple ligands employing Autodock 4.2. The results of single substrate docking showed a better binding of urea with the binding energy of -3.48 kJ mol(-1) and inter molecular energy of -3.48 kJ mol(-1) while the results of MLSD revealed that ascorbic acid combined with the substrate showed better inhibition with a decreased binding energy of -2.37 kJ mol(-1).
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, University of Horticulture Sciences, Bagalkot 587102, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raghavendra
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, PG Department of Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science College, Shimoga 577203, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: adityaraosj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Aditya Rao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Davangere University, Shivagangothri, Davangere 577002, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Vadlapudi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, PG Department of Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science College, Shimoga 577203, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Ramesh
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008024:Ligands; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D031299:Mucuna / Q000201:enzymology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008024:Ligands; D004156:Catechol Oxidase
keywords: ADME-T; In silico studies; Inhibitors; LGA; MLSD; Polyphenoloxidase