title: Charge and agglomeration dependent in vitro uptake and cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
abstract: The influence of the surface charge and the state of agglomeration of ZnO nanoparticles on cellular uptake and viability are investigated. For this purpose, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by colloidal routes and their physicochemical properties were investigated in detail. Three different surface modifications were investigated, involving coatings with the amphiphilic polymer poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride)-graft-dodecyl, mercaptoundecanoic acid, and L-arginine, which provide the nanoparticles with either a negative or a positive zeta-potential. The hydrodynamic diameters and zeta-potentials of all three nanoparticle species were investigated at different pH values and NaCl concentrations by means of dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler anemometry, respectively. The three differently modified ZnO nanoparticle species of similar sizes were also investigated in respect to their cellular uptake by 3T3 fibroblasts and HeLa cells, and their effect on cell viability.
authors.affiliation: Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Abuelmagd M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abdelmonem
authors.affiliation: Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pelaz
authors.affiliation: Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kantner
authors.affiliation: Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nadja C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bigall
authors.affiliation: CIC Biomagune, San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Del Pino
authors.affiliation: Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; CIC Biomagune, San Sebastian, Spain. Electronic address: wolfgang.parak@physik.uni-marburg.de.
authors.forename: Wolfgang J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Parak
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D008299:Maleic Anhydrides / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D055672:Static Electricity; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C505222:11-mercaptoundecanoic acid; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008299:Maleic Anhydrides; D011108:Polymers; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; C000609390:poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride); D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Cytotoxicity; Inorganic nanoparticles; Organic surface coating