title: Tet oncogene family member 2 gene alterations in childhood acute myeloid leukemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mutations in the tet oncogene family member 2 gene (TET2) are frequently found in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Reports of TET2 mutations in children are limited. We assessed the prevalence of TET2 mutations in Taiwanese children with AML and analyzed their prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1997 and 2010, a total of 69 consecutive children with AML were enrolled at the National Taiwan University Hospital. The analysis for TET2 mutations was performed using direct sequencing. Clinical characteristics and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients with and without TET2 alterations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intronic and missense mutations were identified. No nonsense or frameshift mutations were observed. Two putative disease-causing missense mutations (S609C and A1865G) were identified in one patient. We estimated the prevalence of TET2 mutations in the current patient population to be 1.4%. The most common polymorphism was I1762V (45%), followed by V218M (12%), P29R (6%), and F868L (6%). Patients with polymorphism I1762V had an increased 10-year survival rate compared with patients without I1762V (48.4% vs. 25.7%, p = 0.049) by Chi-square test; OS was not different when examined using the Kaplan-Meier method (p = 0.104).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of TET2 mutations in children with AML compared with adults with AML was lower and less complex. Patient prognosis associated with TET2 mutations in children requires further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Meng-Ju
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ni-Chung
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shiann-Tarng
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Jou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Meng-Yao
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Hao
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kai-Hsin
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of China Medical University& Hospitals, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Tien
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: dtlin@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Dong-Tsamn
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D049308:Dioxygenases; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015996:Survival Rate; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D049308:Dioxygenases; C541081:TET2 protein, human
keywords: TET2; acute myeloid leukemia; bioinformatics; children; molecular biology