title: Dietary lipids modulate the expression of miR-107, a miRNA that regulates the circadian system.
abstract: METHODS
  The increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has been hypothesized to be the result of an increased exposure to a host of atherogenic environmental factors, paramount among them being unhealthy dietary habits. Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to have cardio protective effects, partially due to their ability to regulate gene expression. In this regard, increasing attention has been devoted to the role of miRNAs as regulators of multiple metabolic pathways whose deregulation has been associated with CVD risk. In this work we investigated whether miRNA expression was regulated by docosahexanoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid and cholesterol in Caco-2 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the modulated miRNAs, miR-107 was differentially expressed by all treatments and this modulation was independent of its hosting gene, panthothenate kinase 1, possibly through its own promoter, which contains binding sites for metabolically relevant transcription factors. Among the putative target genes of miR-107, we found some genes with key roles in circadian rhythm. Specifically, we demonstrated that binding of miR-107 to the circadian locomotor output cycles kaput gene results in the deregulation of the circadian rhythm of the cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since chronodisruption has been linked to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, obesity, and CVD, our findings suggest that miR-107 could represent a new approach for pharmacological treatment of these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Daimiel-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klett-Mingo
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Valentini
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Konstantinidou
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Micó
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.|Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Juan Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Aranda
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRyCIS), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martínez-Botas
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dávalos
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.|Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández-Hernando
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.|Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: José Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ordovás
keywords: Circadian rhythm; DHA; Dietary lipids; miR-107