title: [Effect of bifunctional IL2-GMCSF in promoting dendritic cell activation in vitro in simulated tumor-induced immune suppression].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the effect of bifunctional molecule IL2-GMCSF in promoting the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) cultured in tumor conditioned medium.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prepared a tumor conditioned medium using mouse melanoma cell line B16F10 supplemented with IL2-GMCSF, GM-CSF, IL-2, or the combination of the latter two. After culturing mouse DC cell line DC2.4 in the conditioned medium for 24 h, the DCs were examined for phagocytosis, proliferation, maturation phenotype, cytokine secretion, and signal pathway activation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DC2.4 cells displayed characteristics of immature DCs. After cell culture in the conditioned medium, the cells showed enhanced phagocytosis but significantly suppressed cell proliferation activity. Culture in the conditioned medium also promoted DC cell maturation and secretion of macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), but inhibited IL-12 secretion. Supplementation of the conditioned medium with IL2-GMCSF promoted phagocytosis, proliferation, maturation, and cytokine (including both IL-12 and MDC) secretion of DC2.4 cells. Compared with GM-CSF, IL2-GMCSF induced a higher level of NF-κB signal pathway activation but suppressed STAT3 activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with GM-CSF, IL2-GMCSF can better promote DC activation in the context of tumor-induced immune suppression, and thus shows potentials in anti-tumor therapy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.E-mail: wencaoxi@163.com.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Sudong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chaoying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D054422:Chemokine CCL22 / Q000378:metabolism; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D054422:Chemokine CCL22; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016328:NF-kappa B; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D018664:Interleukin-12; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor