title: Prevalence of Mental Disorders in the South-East of Spain, One of the European Regions Most Affected by the Economic Crisis: The Cross-Sectional PEGASUS-Murcia Project.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To describe the lifetime and 12-month prevalence, severity and age of onset distribution of DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) disorders and to explore the association between socio-demographic variables and economic stressors with mental disorders during the economic crisis in the general population of Murcia (Spain).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PEGASUS-Murcia Project is a cross-sectional face-to-face interview survey of a representative sample of non-institutionalized adults in Murcia administered between June 2010 and May 2012. DSM-IV disorders were assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Main outcome measures were lifetime and 12-month prevalence of Anxiety, Mood, Impulse and Substance Disorders, Severity and Age of Onset. Sociodemographic variables and stressful economic life events during the preceding 12 months were entered as independent variables in a logistic regression analysis. A total of 2,621 participants (67.4% response rate) were interviewed, 54.5% female, mean age 48.6 years. Twelve-month prevalence (95%CI) of disorders: anxiety 9.7% (7.6-12.2), mood 6.6% (5.5-8.1), impulse 0.3% (0.1-1.2) and substance use 1.0% (0.4-2.4) disorders. Lifetime prevalence: anxiety 15.0% (12.3-18.1), mood 15.6% (13.5-18.1), impulse 2.4% (1.4-4.0) and substance use 8.3% (6.2-11.0) disorders. Severity among 12-month cases: serious 29.2% (20.8-39.4), moderate 35.6% (24.0-49.1) and mild severity 35.2% (29.5-41.5). Women were 3.7 and 2.5 times more likely than men to suffer 12-month anxiety and mood disorders, respectively. Substance use was more frequent among men. Younger age and lower income were associated with higher prevalence. Respondents exposed to multiple and recent economic stressors had the highest risk of anxiety disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mental disorders in the adult population of Murcia during the economic crisis were more prevalent and serious than those in previous estimates for Spain. Prevalence was strongly associated with exposure to stressors related to the economic crisis.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM), Servicio Murciano de Salud. Departamento de Psicología Básica y Metodología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Navarro-Mateu
authors.affiliation: IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: M José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tormo
authors.affiliation: IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salmerón
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain; IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d´Investigacions Médiques, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vilagut
authors.affiliation: IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.affiliation: IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Fundación para la Formación e Investigación Sanitarias (FFIS) de la Región de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruíz-Merino
authors.affiliation: IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Fundación para la Formación e Investigación Sanitarias (FFIS) de la Región de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; IMIB BIOBANC-MUR, Biobanco-HUVA-AECC-FFIS, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Escámez
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Patología Digestiva, Fundación Española del Aparato Digestivo, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Júdez
authors.affiliation: IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ron C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain; IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d´Investigacions Médiques, Barcelona, Spain; Departamento de Salud y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alonso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D057172:Economic Recession; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult