title: Development of auditory skills after cochlear implantation in children with inner ear malformations.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  CI improves hearing thresholds and auditory skills in children with most types of inner ear malformations. However, the development of sound detection skills is not as good as it is in children without inner ear malformations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of inner ear malformations on development of auditory skills after cochlear implantation (CI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of 20 children with inner ear malformations who underwent cochlear implantation before 4 years of age and followed up for more than 2 years were retrospectively reviewed. Hearing thresholds, the Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (MAIS), and Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS) scores before and after CI were analyzed and compared with 20 age-matched deaf children who underwent CI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The children with inner ear malformations showed significant improvements in hearing thresholds and the MAIS and MUSS scores 1 year after CI (p < 0.01). However, their development of the MAIS scores was significantly delayed compared to children without inner ear malformations (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in development of the MUSS scores between them. Significant improvements in hearing thresholds and the MAIS and MUSS scores were observed in cochlear hypoplasia and incomplete partition (p < 0.05).
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Teru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamogashira
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akamatsu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kashio
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Shotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karino
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakigi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamasoba
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology*; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Inner ear malformations; auditory skill; cochlear implant; development