title: A phosphopantetheinyl transferase that is essential for mitochondrial fatty acid biosynthesis.
abstract: In this study we report the molecular genetic characterization of the Arabidopsis mitochondrial phosphopantetheinyl transferase (mtPPT), which catalyzes the phosphopantetheinylation and thus activation of mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (mtACP) of mitochondrial fatty acid synthase (mtFAS). This catalytic capability of the purified mtPPT protein (encoded by AT3G11470) was directly demonstrated in an in vitro assay that phosphopantetheinylated mature Arabidopsis apo-mtACP isoforms. The mitochondrial localization of the AT3G11470-encoded proteins was validated by the ability of their N-terminal 80-residue leader sequence to guide a chimeric GFP protein to this organelle. A T-DNA-tagged null mutant mtppt-1 allele shows an embryo-lethal phenotype, illustrating a crucial role of mtPPT for embryogenesis. Arabidopsis RNAi transgenic lines with reduced mtPPT expression display typical phenotypes associated with a deficiency in the mtFAS system, namely miniaturized plant morphology, slow growth, reduced lipoylation of mitochondrial proteins, and the hyperaccumulation of photorespiratory intermediates, glycine and glycolate. These morphological and metabolic alterations are reversed when these plants are grown in a non-photorespiratory condition (i.e. 1% CO2 atmosphere), demonstrating that they are a consequence of a deficiency in photorespiration due to the reduced lipoylation of the photorespiratory glycine decarboxylase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.|The NSF Engineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals (CBiRC), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA.|Conagen Inc., Bedford, MA, 01730, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The NSF Engineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals (CBiRC), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.|Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abramson
authors.affiliation: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA.|Conagen Inc., Bedford, MA, 01730, USA.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Man
authors.affiliation: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA.|Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Jinxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA.|Wuxi NewWay Biotech Co., Ltd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214043, China.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.|The NSF Engineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals (CBiRC), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.|Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Basil J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Nikolau
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism; D006016:Glycolates / Q000378:metabolism; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D034622:RNA Interference; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D017855:Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006016:Glycolates; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; C082662:phosphopantetheinyl transferase; C031149:glycolic acid; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D017855:Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups); D005998:Glycine
keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana; acyl carrier protein; fatty acid synthase; glycine decarboxylase; lipoic acid; mitochondria; phosphopantetheinyl transferase; photorespiration