title: Psychobiobehavioral Model for Preterm Birth in Pregnant Women in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
abstract: Preterm birth (PTB) is a final common outcome resulting from many interrelated etiological pathways; of particular interest is antenatal psychosocial distress (i.e., stress, anxiety, and depression). In LMI countries, both exposure to severe life stressors and rate of PTB are on average greater when compared with high-income countries. In LMI countries women are exposed to some of the most extreme psychosocial stress worldwide (e.g., absolute poverty, limited social resources). High prevalence of antenatal stress and depression have been observed in some studies from LMI countries. We propose a psychosocial, biological, and behavioral model for investigating the complex multisystem interactions in stress responses leading to PTB and explain the basis of this approach. We discuss ethical considerations for a psychosocial, biological, and behavioral screening tool to predict PTB from a LMI country perspective.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4 ; Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, TRW Building, 3rd Floor, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4Z6 ; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, Heritage Medical Research Building, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1 ; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4Z6.
authors.forename: Shahirose S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Premji
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 4562 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697-7085, USA.
authors.forename: Ilona S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mount Royal University, 4825 Mount Royal Gate SW, Calgary, AB, Canada T3E 6K6.
authors.forename: Aliyah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dosani Mawji
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University-East Africa, Opposite Aga Khan Primary School Plot (9/11), Colonel Muammar Gaddafi Road, P.O. Box 8842, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Zeenatkhanu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kanji
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University-Karachi, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Salima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University-Nairobi, 3rd Parklands Avenue off Limuru Road, P.O. Box 30270, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Musana
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Aga Khan University-Nairobi, 2nd Parklands Avenue, East Tower Block, Room 505, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Samia
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University-Karachi, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4 ; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, Heritage Medical Research Building, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Letourneau
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
authors.lastname: MiGHT Group
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological