title: Chemical Composition and Insecticidal Activities of the Essential Oil of Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) Kuntze Aerial Parts against Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel.
abstract: Water-distilled essential oil from Clinopodium chinense (Labiatae) aerial parts at the flowering stage was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Thirty-five compounds, accounting for 99.18% of the total oil, were identified, and the main components of the essential oil of C. chinense were spathulenol (18.54%), piperitone (18.9%), caryophyllene (12.04%), and bornyl acetate (8.14%). Based on bioactivity-directed fractionation, bornyl acetate, caryophyllene, and piperitone were identified from the essential oil. The essential oil possessed fumigant toxicity against booklice (Liposcelis bostrychophila) with a 50% lethal concentration (LC50) value of 423.39 μg/liter, while the isolated constituents, bornyl acetate and piperitone, had LC50 values of 351.69 and 311.12 μg/liter against booklice, respectively. The essential oil also exhibited contact toxicity against L. bostrychophila with an LC50 value of 215.25 μg/cm(2). Bornyl acetate, caryophyllene, and piperitone exhibited acute toxicity against booklice with LC50 values of 321.42, 275.00, and 139.74 μg/cm(2), respectively. The results indicated that the essential oil and its isolated constituents have potential for development into natural insecticides or fumigants for control of insects in stored grains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Heng Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin Chao
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Ecology, Lishui University, Zhejiang Province, Lishui 323000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xu Bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qi Zhi
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China. zhilongliu@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhi Long
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001892:Camphanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007313:Insecta / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry*; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D001892:Camphanes; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D007306:Insecticides; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C496656:piperitone; C071528:bornyl acetate; C013258:spathulenol; C024714:caryophyllene