title: The Influence of Lying Body Position on Handwriting.
abstract: Although the problem of handwriting variability due to lying body position has practical significance, particularly for last will cases, it has not been sufficiently studied. The presented experiment aimed to recognize how such posture may influence handwriting features. Samples of text and signatures were collected from 50 healthy individuals, aged 23-58, produced in three postures: typical sitting position (SP) and two different lying positions (LP1 & LP2). Using the SP sample of each individual as a specimen, eleven characteristics in LP1 and LP2 samples were evaluated as similar or different. Nine other features were measured with a specialized software, and their conformity was tested with Student's t-test. Although none of the characteristics differed significantly in most cases, variation occurred in pen pressure, margins, baselines, and heights of letters. Additionally, a series of blind tests revealed that lying position of the individuals did not hinder the possibility to identify their writings.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forensic Research, Westerplatte 9, PL 31-033, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dziedzic
mesh_terms: D006236:Handwriting; D006801:Humans; D011187:Posture; D011312:Pressure; D012919:Social Behavior; D012984:Software
keywords: consistency of writing; forensic handwriting examination; forensic science; natural variation in handwriting; questioned documents; writing conditions; writing position; writing posture