title: Genome-Wide Identification of the Invertase Gene Family in Populus.
abstract: Invertase plays a crucial role in carbohydrate partitioning and plant development as it catalyses the irreversible hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose. The invertase family in plants is composed of two sub-families: acid invertases, which are targeted to the cell wall and vacuole; and neutral/alkaline invertases, which function in the cytosol. In this study, 5 cell wall invertase genes (PtCWINV1-5), 3 vacuolar invertase genes (PtVINV1-3) and 16 neutral/alkaline invertase genes (PtNINV1-16) were identified in the Populus genome and found to be distributed on 14 chromosomes. A comprehensive analysis of poplar invertase genes was performed, including structures, chromosome location, phylogeny, evolutionary pattern and expression profiles. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the two sub-families were both divided into two clades. Segmental duplication is contributed to neutral/alkaline sub-family expansion. Furthermore, the Populus invertase genes displayed differential expression in roots, stems, leaves, leaf buds and in response to salt/cold stress and pathogen infection. In addition, the analysis of enzyme activity and sugar content revealed that invertase genes play key roles in the sucrose metabolism of various tissues and organs in poplar. This work lays the foundation for future functional analysis of the invertase genes in Populus and other woody perennials.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of the Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of the Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Berry Genomics Company Limited, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of the Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Pian
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of the Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xinmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000502:physiology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D003080:Cold Temperature; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D032107:Populus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D043324:beta-Fructofuranosidase / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D043324:beta-Fructofuranosidase