title: p38 MAP kinases in the heart.
abstract: p38 kinases are members of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) with established contribution to a wide range of signaling pathways and different biological processes. The prototypic p38 MAPK, p38α was originally identified as an essential signaling kinase for inflammatory cytokine production Extensive studies have now revealed that p38s have critical roles in many different tissues far beyond immune regulation and inflammatory responses. In this review, we will focus on the structure and molecular biology of p38s, and their specific roles in heart, especially regarding myocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and hypertrophic responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Physiology and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Physiology and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: yibinwang@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Yibin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000201:enzymology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Heart failure; Heart physiology; Stress-signaling; p38 MAP kinase