title: Nutritional status of HIV-infected women with tuberculosis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
abstract: METHODS
  Tuberculosis (TB) treatment clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify anthropometrics and intake of en-ergy and protein among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive women with TB.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV-positive women with newly diagnosed TB were assessed on their anthropometric characteristics and dietary intake. Energy and protein intake were determined using Tanzania food composition tables and compared with standard recommendations. Patients were re-evaluated after 4-6 months of anti-tuberculosis treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 43 women, the baseline median CD4 count was 209 cells/µl (range 8-721); 19 (44%) had a CD4 count of <200; 20 (47%) were on antiretroviral therapy. Body mass index was <18.5 kg/m(2) in 25 (58%); the median food insecurity score was 6. The median level of kcal/day was 1693 (range 1290-2633) compared to an estimated need of 2658; the median deficit was 875 kcal (range -65-1278). The median level of protein/day was 42 g (range 27-67) compared to 77 g estimated need; the median protein deficit was 35 g (range 10-50). The median weight gain among 29 patients after 4-6 months was 6 kg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIV-positive women with TB have substantial 24-h deficits in energy and protein intake, report significant food insecurity and gain minimal weight on anti-tuberculosis treatment. Enhanced dietary education together with daily supplementation of 1000 kcal with 40 g protein may be required.
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakari
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wamsele
authors.affiliation: Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: MacKenzie
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maro
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kimario
authors.affiliation: Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dowla
authors.affiliation: Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hendricks
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lukmanji
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Neke
authors.affiliation: Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waddell
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matee
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pallangyo
authors.affiliation: Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: von Reyn
keywords: HIV; Tanzania; nutrition; tuberculosis; women