title: Effect of S53P4 bone substitute on staphylococcal adhesion and biofilm formation on other implant materials in normal and hypoxic conditions.
abstract: To study the effect of bioactive glass bone substitute granules (S53P4) on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on other simultaneously used implant materials and the role of the hypoxic conditions to the adhesion. Bacterial and biofilm formation were studied on materials used both in middle ear prostheses and in fracture fixtures (titanium, polytetrafluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane and bioactive glass plates) in the presence or absence of S53P4 granules. The experiments were done either in normal atmosphere or in hypoxia simulating atmospheric conditions of middle ear, mastoid cavity and sinuses. We used two collection strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. In the presence of bioglass and hypoxic conditions the adhesion of the planktonic bacterial cells was decreased for most of the materials. The biofilm formation was decreased for S. epidermidis on titanium and polydimethylsiloxane in both atmospheric conditions and on bioglass plates in normoxia. For S. aureus the biofilm formation was decreased on bioglass plates and polytetrafluoroethylene in normoxia. Hypoxia produces a decrease in the biofilm formation only for S. aureus on polytetrafluoroethylene and for S. epidermidis on bioglass plates. However, in none of the cases bioactive glass increased the bacterial or biofilm adhesion. The presence of bioglass in normoxic and hypoxic conditions prevents the bacterial and biofilm adhesion on surfaces of several typical prosthesis materials in vitro. This may lead to diminishing postoperative infections, however, further in vivo studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 E, 00029, Helsinki, Finland. ramontanoira@hotmail.com.|Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain. ramontanoira@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pérez-Tanoira
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 E, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Pedrazuela
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 E, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hyyrynen
authors.affiliation: ORTON Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland.|ORTON Orthopedic Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soininen
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 E, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aarnisalo
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Mikko T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Nieminen
authors.affiliation: ORTON Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland.|ORTON Orthopedic Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: V-M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Tiainen
authors.affiliation: ORTON Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland.|ORTON Orthopedic Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.|COXA Hospital for Joint Replacement, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Konttinen
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 E, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kinnari
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D018441:Biofilms; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D010100:Oxygen