title: MiRNA-29c regulates cell growth and invasion by targeting CDK6 in bladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MicroRNAs are a class of endogenous single strand non-coding RNAs that are involved in many important physiological and pathological processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression levels of miR-29c in human bladder cancer and its potential role in disease pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression level of miR-29c was measured in 40 bladder cancer specimens and adjacent normal breast tissues by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Over-expression of miR-29c was established by transfecting mimics into T24.MTT assays, colony formation assays, transwell assays and cell cycle assays were used to explore the potential function of miR-29c inT24 bladder cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to analyze the regulation of putative target of miR-29c. The effects of modulating miR-29c on endogenous levels of this target were subsequently confirmed via qRT-PCR and Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of miR-29c in bladder cancer specimens was lower than adjacent normal tissues (P<0.01). Overexpression of miR-29c inhibited cellular growth, suppressed cellular migration and caused an accumulation of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, Dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-29c binds the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of CDK6, suggesting that CDK6 is a direct target of miR-29c. Furthermore, through qPCR and Western blot assays confirmed that overexpression of miR-29c reduced CDK6 mRNA and protein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  miR-29c could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells via regulating CDK6. in the future, it could be used as a therapeutic target for the treatment of bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shengsong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huarong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Denglong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: CDK6; MiR-29c; bladder cancer; proliferation