title: Transcriptomics Profiling of Alzheimer's Disease Reveal Neurovascular Defects, Altered Amyloid-β Homeostasis, and Deregulated Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs.
abstract: The underlying genetic variations of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) cases remain largely unknown. A combination of genetic variations with variable penetrance and lifetime epigenetic factors may converge on transcriptomic alterations that drive LOAD pathological process. Transcriptome profiling using deep sequencing technology offers insight into common altered pathways regardless of underpinning genetic or epigenetic factors and thus represents an ideal tool to investigate molecular mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of LOAD. We performed directional RNA sequencing on high quality RNA samples extracted from hippocampi of LOAD and age-matched controls. We further validated our data using qRT-PCR on a larger set of postmortem brain tissues, confirming downregulation of the gene encoding substance P (TAC1) and upregulation of the gene encoding the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (SERPINE1). Pathway analysis indicates dysregulation in neural communication, cerebral vasculature, and amyloid-β clearance. Beside protein coding genes, we identified several annotated and non-annotated long noncoding RNAs that are differentially expressed in LOAD brain tissues, three of them are activity-dependent regulated and one is induced by Aβ(1-42) exposure of human neural cells. Our data provide a comprehensive list of transcriptomics alterations in LOAD hippocampi and warrant holistic approach including both coding and non-coding RNAs in functional studies aimed to understand the pathophysiology of LOAD.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Magistri
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velmeshev
authors.forename: Madina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makhmutova
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Faghihi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; RNA sequencing; amyloid homeostasis; cerebral vasculature; long noncoding RNAs; natural antisense transcripts