title: Red Light Modulates Ultraviolet-Induced Gene Expression in the Epidermis of Hairless Mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate whether low-level light therapy (LLLT) was capable of modulating expression of ultraviolet (UV) light-responsive genes in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of 670 nm light-emitting diode (LED) array irradiation were investigated in a hairless SHK-1 mouse epidermis model. Mice were given a single dose of UVA/UVB light, or three doses of red light (670 nm @ 8 mW/cm(2) x 312 sec, 2.5 J/cm(2) per session) spread over 24 h along with combinations of pre- and post-UV treatment with red light. Levels of 14 UV-responsive mRNAs were quantified 24 h after UV irradiation by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The transcription of mRNAs encoding for cluster of differentiation molecule 11b (CD11b) (p < 0.05) and interferon (IFN)-γ (p < 0.012) increased after irradiation with red light alone, whereas expression level of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 (p < 0.02) was downregulated. Genes unresponsive to UV did not change their expression levels after exposure to red light either. Pretreatment with red light significantly modified response of Fos to UV exposure (p < 0.01). A synergy of UV and post-treatment with red light in reducing the transcription levels of CD11b (p < 0.05) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (p < 0.05) was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is an initial observation that in mouse red light LLLT more often than not causes opposite gene expression changes or reduces those caused by moderate UVA-UVB irradiation.
authors.affiliation: 1 Localized Therapeutics LLC , Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Myakishev-Rempel
authors.affiliation: 2 Rochester General Hospital , Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: Istvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stadler
authors.affiliation: 3 University of Rochester , Microbiology and Immunology, Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: Oksana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Polesskaya
authors.affiliation: 4 School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas, Virginia.
authors.forename: Alifiya S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Motiwala
authors.affiliation: 1 Localized Therapeutics LLC , Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Frances Barg
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Nardia
authors.affiliation: 3 University of Rochester , Microbiology and Immunology, Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.affiliation: 4 School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas, Virginia.|5 Research Center for Medical Genetics , Moscow, Russia n Federation.|6 Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Institutskii Pereulok, Moscow Region, Russia .
authors.forename: Ancha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baranova
authors.affiliation: 3 University of Rochester , Microbiology and Immunology, Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zavislan
authors.affiliation: 7 MD PLLC , Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lanzafame
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004817:Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D016761:Oncogene Proteins v-fos / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D016761:Oncogene Proteins v-fos