title: The Effect of Autophagy on Inflammation Cytokines in Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid loss of kidney function and an antigen-independent inflammatory process that causes tissue damage, which was one of the main manifestations of kidney ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Recent studies have demonstrated autophagy participated in the pathological process of acute kidney injury. In this study, we discuss how autophagy regulated inflammation response in the kidney I/R. AKI was performed by renal I/R. Autophagy activator rapamycin (Rap) and inhibitor 3-methyladenine (MA) were used to investigate the role of autophagy on kidney function and inflammation response. After the experiment, kidney tissues were obtained for the detection of autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3)II, Beclin1, and Rab7 and lysosome-associated membrane protein type (LAMP)2 protein by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PT-PCR) and Western blotting, and histopathology and tissue injury scores also. The blood was harvested to measure kidney function (creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels) after I/R. Cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, HMGB1, and IL-10 were measured after I/R. I/R induced the expression of LC3II, Beclin1, LAMP2, and Rab7. The activation and inhibition of autophagy by rapamycin and 3-MA were promoted and attenuated histological and renal function in renal I/R rats, respectively. Cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and HMGB1 were decreased, and IL-10 was further increased after activation of autophagy treated in I/R rats, while 3-MA exacerbated the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, HMGB1, and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in renal I/R. I/R can activated the autophagy, and autophagy increase mitigated the renal injury by decreasing kidney injury score, levels of Cr and BUN after renal I/R, and inflammation response via regulating the balance of pro-inflammation and anti-inflammation cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, 075000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongguang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanxi Tumor Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030013, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China. yuyonghao@126.com.
authors.forename: Yonghao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China. xiekeliang2009@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Keliang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000276:immunology*; D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000276:immunology*; D000071186:Beclin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D052119:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000276:immunology*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000090802:rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D000225:Adenine; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000071186:Beclin-1; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015850:Interleukin-6; D052119:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D020123:Sirolimus; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins; D000090802:rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins; C512829:Becn1 protein, rat; C104200:Hbp1 protein, rat; C526109:Anxa3 protein, rat; C000716466:rab7 GTP-binding proteins, rat; C025946:3-methyladenine
keywords: acute kidney injury; autophagy; cytokines; inflammation