title: The response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea convar. italica) varieties on foliar application of selenium: uptake, translocation, and speciation.
abstract: A model small-scale field experiment was set up to investigate selenium (Se) uptake by four different varieties of broccoli plants, as well as the effect of Se foliar application on the uptake of essential elements for plants calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn). Foliar application of sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) was carried out at two rates (25 and 50 g Se/ha), and an untreated control variant was included. Analyses of individual parts of broccoli were performed, whereby it was found that Se in the plant accumulates mainly in the flower heads and slightly less in the leaves, stems, and roots, regardless of the Se rate and broccoli variety. In most cases, there was a statistically significant increase of Se content in all parts of the plant, while there was no confirmed systematic influence of the addition of Se on the changing intake of other monitored elements. Selenization of broccoli leads to an effective increase in the Se content at a rate of 25 g/ha, whereas the higher rate did not result in a substantial increase of Se content compared to the lower rate in all varieties. Therefore, the rate of 25 g/ha can be recommended as effective to produce broccoli with an increased Se content suitable for consumption. Moreover, Se application resulted in an adequate increase of the main organic compounds of Se, such as selenocystine (SeCys2), selenomethionine (SeMet), and Se-methylselenocysteine (Se-MeSeCys).
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources , Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Kristýna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Šindelářová
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources , Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jiřina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Száková
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources , Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tremlová
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Chemical Engineering , University of Chemistry and Technology , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Oto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mestek
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources , Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lukáš
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Praus
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Chemical Engineering , University of Chemistry and Technology , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Antonín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaňa
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources , Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Najmanová
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources , Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tlustoš
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D001937:Brassica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000378:metabolism; D002414:Cations, Monovalent / Q000378:metabolism; D003553:Cystine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D035264:Flowers / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018036:Selenium Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017279:Selenocysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012645:Selenomethionine / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic
chemical_list: D002413:Cations, Divalent; D002414:Cations, Monovalent; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D018036:Selenium Compounds; D017279:Selenocysteine; C009226:selenocystine; D003553:Cystine; D012645:Selenomethionine; C002979:selenomethylselenocysteine
keywords: Se-methylselenocysteine; broccoli varieties; selenium; selenocystine; selenomethionine; supplementation