title: TGF-β1 Codon 10 T>C Polymorphism Influences Short-Term Functional and Cognitive Decline in Healthy Oldest-Old Individuals: The Pietà Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation and cytokine production are a common finding in aging, which probably exert influence on cognitive and functional abilities in elderly people. Transforming-growth-factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is an important multifunctional anti-inflammatory cytokine that displays immunomodulatory activities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This prospective investigation aimed to evaluate the TGF-β1 codon 10 T>C on functional and cognitive decline in subjects aged 75+ years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Functional Activities Questionnaire evaluated the functional performance and the cognitive assessment was evaluated through brief cognitive tests, consisting of: the Mini-Mental State Examination, animal category fluency test, and picture drawings memory test. All tests were administered twice, with a one-year interval.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Carriers of Tlower allele showed significant short-term decline in cognitive and functional performance, while individuals with CChigher genotype of TGF-β1 codon 10 T>C remained stable or showed improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that the lower production of TGF-β1 could predict a longitudinal functional and cognitive decline in oldest-old individuals.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Vanessa G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Henrique C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Vivian P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Lara
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Antônio L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maira T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caramelli
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Karina B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Gomes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003062:Codon; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011581:Psychological Tests; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
keywords: Aging; TGF-β1; cognition; functional performance; polymorphism