title: Autoantigen Microarray for High-throughput Autoantibody Profiling in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies to a broad range of self-antigens. Profiling the autoantibody repertoire using array-based technology has emerged as a powerful tool for the identification of biomarkers in SLE and other autoimmune diseases. Proteomic microarray has the capacity to hold large number of self-antigens on a solid surface and serve as a high-throughput screening method for the determination of autoantibody specificities. The autoantigen arrays carrying a wide variety of self-antigens, such as cell nuclear components (nucleic acids and associated proteins), cytoplasmic proteins, phospholipid proteins, cell matrix proteins, mucosal/secreted proteins, glomeruli, and other tissue-specific proteins, have been used for screening of autoantibody specificities associated with different manifestations of SLE. Arrays containing synthetic peptides and molecular modified proteins are also being utilized for identification of autoantibodies targeting to special antigenic epitopes. Different isotypes of autoantibodies, including IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE, as well as other Ig subtypes, can be detected simultaneously with multi-color labeled secondary antibodies. Serum and plasma are the most common biologic materials for autoantibody detection, but other body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, and saliva can also be a source of autoantibody detection. Proteomic microarray as a multiplexed high-throughput screening platform is playing an increasingly-important role in autoantibody diagnostics. In this article, we highlight the use of autoantigen microarrays for autoantibody exploration in SLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
authors.forename: Honglin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. Electronic address: susanzuo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA. Electronic address: Quan.Li@UTSouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Quan-Zhen
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology*; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Autoantibody profiling; Biomarker; High-throughput assay; Proteomic microarray; Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)