title: Study to Predict Vascular Dysfunctions in High Risk Young Adults- An Immediate Non-Invasive Investigation to Prevent Early Vascular Ageing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Normal vascular is associated with gradual change of vascular structure and function, resulting in increased arterial stiffening and decreased arterial compliance. Arterial stiffness is a marker of vascular ageing and a predictor of cardiovascular events. Premature or early vascular ageing is measured by pulse wave velocity or the arterial augmentation index based on pulse wave analysis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the predictor of vascular dysfunctions in high risk young adult offsprings of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertensive parents.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analytical cross-sectional studies were carried out in 90 subjects (45 males and 45 females), aged 18-25 years. They were divided into three groups based on their family history, known case of type 2 DM or hypertension in their parents. Group 1- control, Group 2- DM, Group 3-Hypertensive. In all subjects, anthropometrical data, blood pressure and peripheral pulse wave velocity were measured. One-way ANOVA was applied to determine the predictor factors of pulse wave velocity within and between groups. The following parameters were included in these analyses: age, gender, body mass index, hip waist index, heart rate, blood pressure and pulse wave velocity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A post-test analysis revealed that peripheral pulse wave velocity (PWV), early part of systolic phase (P1) was increased significantly than later part systolic phase (P2), p-value in both diabetic and hypertensive groups were compared with control group. (p≤0.001, ANOVA) Augmentation index (P2/P1) was also increased significantly in both diabetic and hypertensive groups than control group (p≤0.001, ANOVA).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of present study suggest that, although related, peripheral augmentation index AIx and PWV provide early identification of high risk groups. Implication of life style modification is the first intervention to consider in adults followed by drug therapy to control risk factors. Specifically, AIx might provide a more sensitive marker of arterial aging in younger individuals.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Chennai Medical College Hospital & Research Centre , Irungalur, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Rajajeyakumar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manivel
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of PSM, Government Dharmapuri Medical College , Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Pirabhu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ravanan
authors.affiliation: Consultant Cardiologist, Department of Cardiology, Ramakrishna Hospitals & Adjunct Professor, Dr.MGR. Medical University , Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Chenniappan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meenakshisundram
authors.affiliation: Tutor, Department of Physiology, Chennai Medical College Hospital & Research Centre , Irungalur, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Niranjana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dhanaprakasam
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Chennai Medical College Hospital & Research Centre , Irungalur, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Sivan Arul Selvan
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sundramoorthy
authors.affiliation: Student, Department of Physiology, Chennai Medical College Hospital & Research Centre , Irungalur, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Sushmita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sreekumar
authors.affiliation: Senior Medical Officer, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited , Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Janitha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alagarsamy
authors.affiliation: Tutor, Department of PSM, Chennai Medical College Hospital & Research Centre , Irungalur, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amaladass
keywords: Augmentation index; Pulse wave velocity; Vascular dysfunctions