title: Prostaglandin F2α receptor silencing attenuates vascular remodeling in rats with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vascular remodeling is an important feature of diabetic macrovascular complications. The prostaglandin F2α receptor (FP), the expression of which is upregulated by insulin resistance and diabetes, is reportedly involved in myocardial remodeling. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the FP receptor is implicated in diabetes-induced vascular remodeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  A type 2 diabetic rat model was induced through a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ). Thirty-two rats were randomized into four groups: control, diabetes, diabetes treated with empty virus and diabetes treated with FP receptor-shRNA. Then, we evaluated the metabolic index, FP receptor expression and vascular remodeling. We used FP receptor gene silencing in vivo to investigate the role that the FP receptor plays in the pathophysiologic features of vascular remodeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diabetic rats displayed increased levels of blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as severe insulin resistance and FP receptor overexpression. In addition, increased medial thickness, excessive collagen deposition and diminished elastic fibers were observed in the diabetic rats, resulting in vascular remodeling. In the FP receptor-shRNA group, the medial thickness, collagen content, elastin/collagen ratio, and collagen I/collagen III content ratio were markedly decreased. Additionally, with FP receptor gene silencing, the JNK phosphorylation level was markedly decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Silencing of the FP receptor exerts a protective effect on diabetes-induced vascular remodeling, thereby suggesting a new therapeutic target for vascular remodeling in diabetes.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, PR China.
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, PR China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen-Yuan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ti
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, PR China.
authors.forename: Meng-Xiong
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hao
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, PR China. Electronic address: zhongmingzm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000502:physiology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020868:Gene Silencing; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D066253:Vascular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin; C034671:prostaglandin F2alpha receptor
keywords: Diabetes; FP receptor; JNK; Vascular remodeling