title: A sunblock based on bioadhesive nanoparticles.
abstract: The majority of commercial sunblock preparations use organic or inorganic ultraviolet (UV) filters. Despite protecting against cutaneous phototoxicity, direct cellular exposure to UV filters has raised a variety of health concerns. Here, we show that the encapsulation of padimate O (PO)--a model UV filter--in bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNPs) prevents epidermal cellular exposure to UV filters while enhancing UV protection. BNPs are readily suspended in water, facilitate adherence to the stratum corneum without subsequent intra-epidermal or follicular penetration, and their interaction with skin is water resistant yet the particles can be removed via active towel drying. Although the sunblock based on BNPs contained less than 5 wt% of the UV-filter concentration found in commercial standards, the anti-UV effect was comparable when tested in two murine models. Moreover, the BNP-based sunblock significantly reduced double-stranded DNA breaks when compared with a commercial sunscreen formulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
authors.forename: Asiri
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ediriwickrema
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Girardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
authors.forename: W Mark
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Saltzman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents