title: Eighty percent of French sport winners in Olympic, World and Europeans competitions have mutations in the hemochromatosis HFE gene.
abstract: The HFE gene encodes a protein involved in iron homeostasis; individuals with mutations in both alleles develop hemochromatosis. 27% of the French population is heterozygous for mutations in this gene. We found that 80% of the French athletes who won international competitions in rowing, Nordic skiing and judo display mutations in one allele of HFE, thus demonstrating the existence of a favourable phenotype linked to this heterozygosity.
authors.affiliation: IRMES - Institute for Research in BioMedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8147, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Institute of Genetic Diseases, Foundation Imagine, Paris, France; GR-Ex, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. Electronic address: ohermine@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hermine
authors.affiliation: IRMES - Institute for Research in BioMedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France; Biomodeling Systems, Ecole Centrale, Paris, France; Biotechnology Insitute of Troyes, IBT, Troyes, France.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dine
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Insitute of Troyes, IBT, Troyes, France; Amarok Biotechnologies, Saint Malo, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Genty
authors.affiliation: IRMES - Institute for Research in BioMedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France; National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Laurie-Anne
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Marquet
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Insitute of Troyes, IBT, Troyes, France.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fumagalli
authors.affiliation: IRMES - Institute for Research in BioMedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France; GR-Ex, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Paris, France; National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tafflet
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 8147, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Institute of Genetic Diseases, Foundation Imagine, Paris, France; GR-Ex, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guillem
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Insitute of Troyes, IBT, Troyes, France.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Van Lierde
authors.affiliation: Skiing French Federation, Annecy, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Philippe
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Rousseaux-Blanchi
authors.affiliation: Rowing French Federation, Nogent-sur-Marne, France; National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Palierne
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France; Archery French Federation, Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lapostolle
authors.affiliation: Petanque French Federation, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cervetti
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France; Judo French Federation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.affiliation: GR-Ex, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jouven
authors.affiliation: IRMES - Institute for Research in BioMedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France; GR-Ex, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Noirez
authors.affiliation: IRMES - Institute for Research in BioMedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France; GR-Ex, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France; Investigation Center in Sport Medecine - CIMS, Hôtel-Dieu, AP-HP, Paris, France. Electronic address: jean-francois.toussaint@htd.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Toussaint
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D056352:Athletes; D054874:Athletic Performance; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D000071020:Hemochromatosis Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016139:Martial Arts; D008875:Middle Aged; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000235:genetics*; D012865:Skiing; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C103673:HFE protein, human; D000071020:Hemochromatosis Protein
keywords: Athlete; Gene; HFE mutation frequency; Iron