title: Ultrahigh volumetric capacitance and cyclic stability of fluorine and nitrogen co-doped carbon microspheres.
abstract: Highly porous nanostructures with large surface areas are typically employed for electrical double-layer capacitors to improve gravimetric energy storage capacity; however, high surface area carbon-based electrodes result in poor volumetric capacitance because of the low packing density of porous materials. Here, we demonstrate ultrahigh volumetric capacitance of 521 F cm(-3) in aqueous electrolytes for non-porous carbon microsphere electrodes co-doped with fluorine and nitrogen synthesized by low-temperature solvothermal route, rivaling expensive RuO2 or MnO2 pseudo-capacitors. The new electrodes also exhibit excellent cyclic stability without capacitance loss after 10,000 cycles in both acidic and basic electrolytes at a high charge current of 5 A g(-1). This work provides a new approach for designing high-performance electrodes with exceptional volumetric capacitance with high mass loadings and charge rates for long-lived electrochemical energy storage systems.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
authors.forename: Junshuang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
authors.forename: Junchuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA.
authors.forename: Huiyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
authors.forename: Meirong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Strobel
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
authors.forename: Faming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao