title: T-Tau is Associated with Objective Memory Decline Over Two Years in Persons Seeking Help for Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Report from the Gothenburg-Oslo MCI Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a need to find very early markers for pre-clinical Alzheimer's disease as interventions early in the disease process are thought to be most effective.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to address the potential relation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and reduced cognitive function in a relatively young cohort of memory clinic patients with subjective cognitive decline.
  
  
  METHODS
  122 patients (mean age 63 years) with subjective cognitive decline were recruited from two university memory clinics and followed for two years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main finding was that the subgroup with objective memory decline during the study period had significantly higher T-tau at baseline than the group with improved memory. Baseline CSF variables showed a trend toward more pathological values in the patients with memory decline compared to those who improved or remained stable. The baseline memory score of those who declined was significantly better than the baseline score of those who improved over two years. The general trend for the whole group was improved memory and executive test scores. There were no differences in cognitive scores based on CSF quartiles at baseline, nor were there differences in cognitive outcome for patients with early amnestic mild cognitive impairment versus average cognitive function at baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main finding that T-tau rather than amyloid-β was associated with memory decline do not support the prevailing opinion about the chain of events assumed to take place in Alzheimer's disease. In addition, memory decline was not associated with poor baseline memory score. Thus, a memory cut-off indicating low baseline memory would not would have identified the declining group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hessen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg, University, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Arto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nordlund
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg, University, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stålhammar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg, University, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eckerström
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg, University, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bjerke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg, University, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eckerström
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg, University, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mattias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Göthlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Tormod
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fladby
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ivar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Reinvang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg, University, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wallin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D010465:Perception; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; C054369:MAPT protein, human; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins
keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers; T-tau; early amnestic MCI; memory decline; mild cognitive impairment (MCI); pre-clinical AD; pre-clinical dementia; subjective cognitive decline