title: Taxonomic reassessment of N4-like viruses using comparative genomics and proteomics suggests a new subfamily - "Enquartavirinae".
abstract: The GenBank database currently contains sequence data for 33 N4-like viruses, with only one, Escherichia phage N4, being formally recognized by the ICTV. The genus N4likevirus is uniquely characterized by that fact that its members possess an extremely large, virion-associated RNA polymerase. Using a variety of proteomic, genomic and phylogenetic tools, we have demonstrated that the N4-like phages are not monophyletic and that N4 is actually a genomic orphan. We propose to create four new genera: "G7cvirus" (consisting of phages G7C, IME11, KBNP21, vB_EcoP_PhAPEC5, vB_EcoP_PhAPEC7, Bp4, EC1-UPM and pSb-1), "Lit1virus" (LIT1, PA26 and vB_PaeP_C2-10_Ab09), "Sp58virus" (SP058 and SP076), and "Dss3virus" (DSS3φ2 and EE36φ1). We propose that coliphage N4, the members of "G7cvirus", Erwinia phage Ea9-2, and Achromobacter phage JWAlpha should be considered members of the same subfamily, which we tentatively call the "Enquartavirinae".
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute DSMZ, German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wittmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klumpp
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andres Bello, Republica 440, 8370251, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Andrea I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Moreno Switt
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Avenue North, P.O. Box 6000, Vineland Station, ON, L0R 2E0, Canada.
authors.forename: Abdelbaset
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yagubi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1X 4C6, Canada.
authors.forename: Hans-Wolfgang
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Ackermann
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Safety, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiedmann
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Avenue North, P.O. Box 6000, Vineland Station, ON, L0R 2E0, Canada.
authors.forename: Antonet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Svircev
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, N1G 3W4, Canada.
authors.forename: John H E
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Nash
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. kropinsk@queensu.ca.|Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. kropinsk@queensu.ca.|Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. kropinsk@queensu.ca.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kropinski
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology*; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D023281:Genomics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D040901:Proteomics; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins