title: The oil-resin of the tropical rainforest tree Copaifera langsdorffii reduces cell viability, changes cell morphology and induces cell death in human endometriotic stromal cultures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The hormonal treatment for endometriosis frequently fails to completely eradicate endometriotic implants. A new therapeutic treatment is needed. This study investigates the in-vitro effect of Copaifera langsdorffii oil-resin on human eutopic and ectopic endometrium stromal cell cultures (EuESCs and EctESCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  A nanocomposite system containing the copaiba oil-resin (NanoCOR) was developed and acute toxicity test was performed. Endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) from non-endometriotics controls (CESCs), EuESCs and EctESCs were isolated and treated with different concentrations of NanoCOR, at different time intervals to evaluate its effect on cell morphology, proliferation, viability, necrosis and apoptosis induction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When treated with 50 μg/ml of NanoCOR, the morphology of EctESCs changed, as the actin microfilaments were disorganized, disassembled or disrupted. Moreover, at 24 h of treatment with NanoCOR, the EctESCs viability was inhibited, and a significant number of these cells underwent apoptosis. In EuESCs, these effects were observed only at 48 h. Finally, the treatment of EctESCs with NanoCOR increased the lactate dehydrogenase release into the extracellular medium more than in EuESCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that NanoCOR has a greater impact on the behaviour of human endometriotic stromal cells than on the eutopic endometrium stromal cells, supporting the idea that NanoCOR should be further investigated as a novel and valuable alternative to treat endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julianna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Henriques da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinicius Raphael de Almeida
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bioengenharia Tecidual, Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada às Ciências da Vida, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - Inmetro, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo da Cunha Boldrini
authors.initials: Lda C
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ginecologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitário Moncorvo Filho, Centro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rômulo Medina
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: de Mattos
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliane Gouveia de Oliveira
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celia Yelimar
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Palmero
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Óxido Nítrico, Programa de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia Dias
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Óxido Nítrico, Programa de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia Ribeiro
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pereira de Sousa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucio Mendes
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Xerém, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Eurico
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Nasciutti
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009336:Necrosis; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D065947:Rainforest; D012116:Resins, Plant / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014197:Trees; D014329:Tropical Climate
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D012116:Resins, Plant
keywords: copaiba oil-resin; ectopic endometrial stromal cells; endometriosis; eutopic endometrial stromal cells; nanocomposite