title: Quantification of structural changes in the corpus callosumin children with profound hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Birth-related acute profound hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury has specific patterns of damage including the paracentral lobules.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that there is anatomically coherent regional volume loss of the corpus callosum as a result of this hemispheric abnormality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study subjects included 13 children with proven acute profound hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury and 13 children with developmental delay but no brain abnormalities. A computerised system divided the corpus callosum into 100 segments, measuring each width. Principal component analysis grouped the widths into contiguous anatomical regions. We conducted analysis of variance of corpus callosum widths as well as support vector machine stratification into patient groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was statistically significant narrowing of the mid-posterior body and genu of the corpus callosum in children with hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury. Support vector machine analysis yielded over 95% accuracy in patient group stratification using the corpus callosum centile widths.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Focal volume loss is seen in the corpus callosum of children with hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury secondary to loss of commissural fibres arising in the paracentral lobules. Support vector machine stratification into the hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury group or the control group on the basis of corpus callosum width is highly accurate and points towards rapid clinical translation of this technique as a potential biomarker of hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK. Stavros.Stivaros@manchester.ac.uk.|Centre for Imaging Sciences, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. Stavros.Stivaros@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Stavros M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Stivaros
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Radon
authors.affiliation: School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Reneta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mileva
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Daniel J A
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Communication Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Patricia E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Cowell
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, C Floor, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK.
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hoggard
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Neville B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gledson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Batty
authors.affiliation: School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Keane
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, C Floor, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK. p.griffiths@sheffield.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: Children; Corpus callosum; Hypoxic–ischaemic brain injury; Magnetic resonance imaging; Support vector machine analysis