title: Polypept(o)ides: Hybrid Systems Based on Polypeptides and Polypeptoids.
abstract: Polypept(o)ides combine the multifunctionality and intrinsic stimuli-responsiveness of synthetic polypeptides with the "stealth"-like properties of the polypeptoid polysarcosine (poly(N-methyl glycine)). This class of block copolymers can be synthesized by sequential ring opening polymerization of α-amino acid N-carboxy-anhydrides (NCAs) and correspondingly of the N-substituted glycine N-carboxyanhydride (NNCA). The resulting block copolymers are characterized by Poisson-like molecular weight distributions, full end group integrity, and dispersities below 1.2. While polysarcosine may be able to tackle the currently arising issues regarding the gold standard PEG, including storage diseases in vivo and immune responses, the polypeptidic block provides the functionalities for a specific task. Additionally, polypeptides are able to form secondary structure motives, e.g., α-helix or β-sheets, which can be used to direct self-assembly in solution. In this feature article, we review the relatively new field of polypept(o)ides with respect to synthesis, characterization, and first data on the application of block copolypept(o)ides in nanomedicine. The summarized data already indicates the great potential of polypept(o)ides.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, 55128, Mainz, Germany.|Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Klinker
authors.affiliation: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barz
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000812:Anhydrides / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008970:Molecular Weight; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D034444:Peptoids / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D058105:Polymerization; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D012521:Sarcosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000812:Anhydrides; D010455:Peptides; D034444:Peptoids; C015475:polysarcosine; D012521:Sarcosine
keywords: drug delivery; gene delivery; hybrid; polypept(o)ides; polypeptides; polypeptoids; self-assembly; systems