title: Molecular characterization, origin, and evolution of teleost p68 gene family: Insights from Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus.
abstract: Two rounds of whole-genome duplication occurred in the common ancestor of vertebrates. Later, a third round genome duplication occurred in the teleost fishes. As a prototype member of DEAD-box RNA helicases, the function of p68 helicase in development has been well investigated in human, however, limited information is available regarding the regulatory function of this gene in the development of teleosts. In this study, being an important farmed fish in North China, Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was used as model fish to investigate the role of p68 gene in teleost development. Two p68 genes were first identified from Japanese flounder. Molecular characterization of them was performed by analyzing the exon-intron boundaries. Then, we confirmed that such two teleost p68 genes originated from teleost-specific genome duplication through phylogenetic and synteny analyses. Additionally, comparative analyses of amino acid sequences, variation in selective pressure, and expression profiles of p68 genes revealed probable sub-functionalization fate of teleost p68 genes after the duplication. Therefore, this study supplements the evolutionary properties of teleost p68 gene family and provides the groundwork for further studying the regulatory function of p68 genes in the development of teleosts.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources of Chinese Department of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: ustcwang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhongkai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: liuwei77543@sina.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: 15042443072@163.com.
authors.forename: Nayu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: wanghuizhen_ouc@163.comc.
authors.forename: Huizhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: peizhenlee@163.com.
authors.forename: Peizhen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: wang_mengxun@163.com.
authors.forename: Mengxun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: qzhang@ouc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Quanqi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005432:Flounder / Q000235:genetics*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases
keywords: Genome duplication; Selective pressure; Sub-functionalization; Synteny; p68