title: Validation of the Chinese version of the CogState computerised cognitive assessment battery in Taiwanese patients with heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the validity of the Chinese version of the CogState battery, a computerised cognitive testing among patients with heart failure in Taiwan.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Cognitive deficits are common in patients with heart failure and a validated Chinese measurement is required for assessing cognitive change for this population. The CogState computerised battery is a measurement of cognitive function and has been validated in many languages, but not Chinese.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample consisted of 76 women with heart failure and 64 healthy women in northern Taiwan. Women completed the Chinese version of the CogState battery and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Construct validity of the Chinese version of the battery was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis and known-group comparisons. Convergent validity of the CogState tasks was examined by Pearson correlation coefficients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Principal components factor analysis with promax rotation showed two factors reflecting the speed and memory dimensions of the tests. Scores for CogState battery tasks showed significant differences between the heart failure and healthy control group. Examination of convergent validity of the CogState found a significant association with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Chinese CogState Battery has satisfactory construct and convergent validity to measure cognitive deficits in patients with heart failure in Taiwan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Chinese CogState battery is a valid instrument for detecting cognitive deficits that may be subtle in the early stages, and identifying changes that provide insights into patients' abilities to implement treatment accurately and consistently. Better interventions tailored to the needs of the cognitive impaired population can be developed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Susan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Pressler
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Neuropsychology Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.|Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Giordani
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.
authors.forename: Susan Jane
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fetzer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013624:Taiwan; D014177:Translations
keywords: CogState computerised cognitive battery; heart failure; validation