title: PHEA-PLA biocompatible nanoparticles by technique of solvent evaporation from multiple emulsions.
abstract: Nanocarriers of amphiphilic polymeric materials represent versatile delivery systems for poorly water soluble drugs. In this work the technique of solvent evaporation from multiple emulsions was applied to produce nanovectors based on new amphiphilic copolymer, the α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide-polylactic acid (PHEA-PLA), purposely synthesized to be used in the controlled release of active molecules poorly soluble in water. To this aim an amphiphilic derivative of PHEA, a hydrophilic polymer, was synthesized by derivatization of the polymeric backbone with hydrophobic grafts of polylactic acid (PLA). The achieved copolymer was thus used to produce nanoparticles loaded with α tocopherol (vitamin E) adopted as lipophilic model molecule. Applying a protocol based on solvent evaporation from multiple emulsions assisted by ultrasonic energy and optimizing the emulsification process (solvent selection/separation stages), PHEA-PLA nanostructured particles with total α tocopherol entrapment efficiency (100%), were obtained. The drug release is expected to take place in lower times with respect to PLA due to the presence of the hydrophilic PHEA, therefore the produced nanoparticles can be used for semi-long term release drug delivery systems.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: gennara.cavallaro@unipa.it.
authors.forename: Gennara
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cavallaro
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: emanuela.craparo@unipa.it.
authors.forename: Emanuela Fabiola
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Craparo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: carla.sardo@unipa.it.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sardo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale (DIIn), Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy. Electronic address: glamberti@unisa.it.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lamberti
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Farmacia (DIFARMA), Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy. Electronic address: aabarba@unisa.it.
authors.forename: Anna Angela
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Barba
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Farmacia (DIFARMA), Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy. Electronic address: adalmoro@unisa.it.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dalmoro
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004655:Emulsions; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D010455:Peptides; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D012997:Solvents; C008965:alpha,beta-poly((2-hydroxyethyl)-aspartamide); D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D024502:alpha-Tocopherol
keywords: 1,1′-Carbonyldiimidazole—CDI: PubChem CID: 68263; Amphiphilic polymer; Biocompatible polymer; Diethylamine—DEA: PubChem CID: 8021; Drug delivery; Emulsions; Ethanolamine: PubChem CID: 700; N,N′-dimethylformamide—DMF: PubChem CID: 6228; Nanoparticles; PHEA–PLA; Poly-lactic acid—PLA: PubChem CID: 612; Polysuccinimide—PSI: PubChem CID: 5960; Polyvinyl alcohol—PVA: PubChem CID: 11199; Ultrasonic energy; α,β-Poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-dl-aspartamide—PHEA: PubChem CID: 155399; α-Tocopherol: PubChem CID: 14985