title: Behavior During Tethered Kicking in Infants With Periventricular Brain Injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe behavior of children with periventricular brain injury (PBI) in a tethered-kicking intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen infants with PBI were randomly assigned to exercise or no-training in a longitudinal pilot study. Frequencies of leg movements and interlimb coordination were described from videos at 2 and 4 months' corrected age (CA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight of the 13 children (62%) with longitudinal data increased the frequency of leg movements while tethered to a mobile between 2 and 4 months' CA. Movement frequency was correlated with scores on the Test of Infant Motor Performance, but no differences between experimental groups were found. Children with typical development at 12 months' CA increased the proportion of leg movements that were synchronous between 2 and 4 months, as did a child with cerebral palsy in the experimental group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tethered-kicking intervention facilitates movement in infants with PBI, but effects on development remain to be demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy (Drs Campbell, Bulanda, and Madhavan), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Center for Clinical and Translational Science (Dr Campbell), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Psychology (Dr Cole), New York University, New York, New York; Department of Physical Therapy (Dr Boynewicz), East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Pediatric Physical Therapist (Ms Zawacki), Oak Park, Illinois; Physical Therapy Department (Dr Clark), University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois; Departments of Pediatrics (Drs Gaebler-Spira and deRegnier), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Drs Gaebler-Spira and Kuroda), Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Rehabilitation Services (Dr Kale), Consonus Healthcare, Milwaukie, Oregon.
authors.forename: Suzann K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Whitney
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Kara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boynewicz
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Zawacki
authors.forename: April
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gaebler-Spira
authors.forename: Raye-Ann
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: deRegnier
authors.forename: Maxine M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Dipti
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kale
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bulanda
authors.forename: Sangeetha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madhavan
mesh_terms: D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects