title: Treatment of prosthetic joint infections due to Propionibacterium. Similar results in 60 patients treated with and without rifampicin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Currently, Propionibacterium is frequently recognized as a causative microorganism of prosthetic joint infection (PJI). We assessed treatment success at 1- and 2-year follow-up after treatment of Propionibacterium-associated PJI of the shoulder, hip, and knee. Furthermore, we attempted to determine whether postoperative treatment with rifampicin is favorable.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective cohort study in which we included patients with a primary or revision joint arthroplasty of the shoulder, hip, or knee who were diagnosed with a Propionibacterium-associated PJI between November 2008 and February 2013 and who had been followed up for at least 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 60 patients with a Propionibacterium-associated PJI with a median duration of 21 (0.1-49) months until the occurrence of treatment failure. 39 patients received rifampicin combination therapy, with a success rate of 93% (95% CI: 83-97) after 1 year and 86% (CI: 71-93) after 2 years. The success rate was similar in patients who were treated with rifampicin and those who were not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propionibacterium-associated PJI treated with surgery in combination with long-term antibiotic administration had a successful outcome at 1- and 2-year follow-up irrespective of whether the patient was treated with rifampicin. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether the use of rifampicin is beneficial in the treatment of Propionibacterium-associated PJI.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Prosthetic Joint Infection Unit , Sint Maartenskliniek ;
authors.forename: Anouk M E
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: b Department of Research , Sint Maartenskliniek ;
authors.forename: Miranda L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Van Hooff
authors.affiliation: c Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases , Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis ;|d Department of Medical Microbiology , Radboud University Medical Center ;
authors.forename: Jacques F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Meis
authors.affiliation: e Department of Internal Medicine , Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Fidel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vos
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Prosthetic Joint Infection Unit , Sint Maartenskliniek ;
authors.forename: Jon H M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Goosen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006622:Hip Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007720:Knee Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011424:Propionibacterium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012016:Reference Values; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012293:Rifampin