title: In vitro antituberculosis activity of diterpenoids from the Vietnamese medicinal plant Croton tonkinensis.
abstract: Diterpenoids from the Vietnamese medicinal plant Croton tonkinensis are rich in ent-kaurane, kaurane and the grayanane class and are valuable intermediate plant metabolites with different bioactivities. In this study, we report the antituberculosis activity of these diterpenoids against both susceptible and resistant strains of M. tuberculosis for the first time. All of the ent-kaurane, kaurane and grayanane diterpenoids showed high to moderate activity against Mycobacterium. The highest antituberculosis activity was observed for ent-1β,7α,14β-triacetoxykaur-16-en-15-one (cpp604), with MIC values of 0.78, 1.56 and 3.12-12.5 µg/ml against H37Ra, H37Rv and all other resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis examined. In addition, other ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids also showed very high activities against mycobacterium, including cpp609 (1.56 µg/ml), cpp610 (1.56 µg/ml), cpp601 (3.12-6.25 µg/ml), cpp602 (3.12-6.25 µg/ml), cpp607 (3.12-6.25 µg/ml) and cpp608 (3.12-6.25 µg/ml). From the structure-activity relationship, functional groups R3 and R5 of the ent-kaurane skeleton were found to modulate the antimycobacterial activity.
authors.affiliation: Regional Innovation Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Woong Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330-090, South Korea.
authors.forename: Md Anirban
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jyoti
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330-090, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sukyung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kung-Woo
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Thi Kim Quy
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Won Keun
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330-090, South Korea. songmic@sch.ac.kr.|Regional Innovation Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea. songmic@sch.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ho-Yeon
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4429-1383
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029802:Croton / Q000737:chemistry*; D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008518:Medicine, East Asian Traditional; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Croton tonkinensis; Diterpenoid; Ent-kaurane; M. tuberculosis; MDR TB; XDR TB