title: Donor-derived CD19-targeted T cells in allogeneic transplants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is still partially ineffective in curing high-risk hematological malignancies, with estimates of relapse rates ranging from 40 to 50%. The purpose of this review is to discuss the emerging therapeutic options for patients with relapsed disease following HSCT based on adoptive immunotherapy using donor-derived T cells genetically engineered to express CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with CAR-modified T cells represents an attractive therapeutic option for further enhancing the graft-versus-leukemia effect. However, CAR-modified T cells are often obtained using apheresis products collected from the patient's own blood, a procedure that has hindered the application of CAR-based therapies into the clinic. Alternative approaches rely on CAR T cells derived from donors rather than the patient's own blood. Therefore, it appears that overcoming the practical limitation of allogeneic T cell-induced graft versus-host-disease is a key to providing access to CAR immunotherapy to all eligible patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Donor-derived CD19-CAR T cells may advance the field of CAR immunotherapy by controlling relapse in leukemic patients and improving the range of applications of ACT protocols.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Pediatrics, Tettamanti Research Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan bSan Gerardo Hospital/Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara Francesca
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Magnani
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biondi
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Biagi
mesh_terms: D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000276:immunology*; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D020544:Graft vs Leukemia Effect / Q000276:immunology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D018941:Antigens, CD19