title: Data fusion methodologies for food and beverage authentication and quality assessment - a review.
abstract: The ever increasing interest of consumers for safety, authenticity and quality of food commodities has driven the attention towards the analytical techniques used for analyzing these commodities. In recent years, rapid and reliable sensor, spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques have emerged that, together with multivariate and multiway chemometrics, have improved the whole control process by reducing the time of analysis and providing more informative results. In this progression of more and better information, the combination (fusion) of outputs of different instrumental techniques has emerged as a means for increasing the reliability of classification or prediction of foodstuff specifications as compared to using a single analytical technique. Although promising results have been obtained in food and beverage authentication and quality assessment, the combination of data from several techniques is not straightforward and represents an important challenge for chemometricians. This review provides a general overview of data fusion strategies that have been used in the field of food and beverage authentication and quality assessment.
authors.affiliation: iSens Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borràs
authors.affiliation: Chemometrics, Qualimetrics and Nanosensors Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain. Electronic address: joan.ferre@urv.cat.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferré
authors.affiliation: Chemometrics, Qualimetrics and Nanosensors Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ricard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boqué
authors.affiliation: iSens Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mestres
authors.affiliation: iSens Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aceña
authors.affiliation: iSens Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Busto
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D063427:Food Quality; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D015233:Models, Statistical; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods
keywords: Authentication; Beverage; Chemometrics; Classification; Data fusion; Food