title: Indications and Frequency for the Use of Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Implant Treatment Planning in a Specialty Clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the indications and frequency for three-dimensional (3D) imaging for implant treatment planning in a pool of patients referred to a specialty clinic over a 3-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients who received dental implants between 2008 and 2010 at the Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology at the University of Bern were included in the study. The influence of age, gender, and time of treatment (2008 to 2010) on the frequency of use of two-dimensional (2D) radiographic imaging modalities alone or in combination with 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans was analyzed. Furthermore, the influence of the indication, location, and need for bone augmentation on the frequency of use of 2D imaging modalities alone or in combination with CBCT was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 1,568 patients (792 women and 776 men) received 2,279 implants. Overall, 633 patients (40.4%) were analyzed with 2D imaging procedures alone. CBCT was performed in 935 patients (59.6%). There was a statistically significant increase in CBCT between 2008 and 2010. Patients older than 55 years received a CBCT scan in addition to 2D radiographic imaging statistically significantly more often. Additional 3D imaging was most frequently performed in the posterior maxilla, whereas 2D radiographs alone exhibited the highest frequency in the anterior mandible. The combination of 2D with CBCT was used predominantly for implant placement with simultaneous or staged guided bone regeneration or sinus elevation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these findings from a specialty clinic, the use of additional CBCT imaging for implant treatment planning is influenced by the indication, location, local anatomy (including the need for bone augmentation), and the age of the patient.
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bornstein
authors.forename: Odette Engel
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Brügger
authors.forename: Simone F M
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Janner
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kuchler
authors.forename: Vivianne
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chappuis
authors.forename: Reinhilde
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buser
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003740:Dental Clinics; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D010347:Patient Care Planning / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants