title: Distribution of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and glycinergic neurons in the auditory pathways of macaque monkeys.
abstract: Macaque monkeys use complex communication calls and are regarded as a model for studying the coding and decoding of complex sound in the auditory system. However, little is known about the distribution of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the auditory system of macaque monkeys. In this study, we examined the overall distribution of cell bodies that expressed mRNAs for VGLUT1, and VGLUT2 (markers for glutamatergic neurons), GAD67 (a marker for GABAergic neurons), and GLYT2 (a marker for glycinergic neurons) in the auditory system of the Japanese macaque. In addition, we performed immunohistochemistry for VGLUT1, VGLUT2, and GAD67 in order to compare the distribution of proteins and mRNAs. We found that most of the excitatory neurons in the auditory brainstem expressed VGLUT2. In contrast, the expression of VGLUT1 mRNA was restricted to the auditory cortex (AC), periolivary nuclei, and cochlear nuclei (CN). The co-expression of GAD67 and GLYT2 mRNAs was common in the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (VNLL), CN, and superior olivary complex except for the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body, which expressed GLYT2 alone. In contrast, the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, inferior colliculus, thalamus, and AC expressed GAD67 alone. The absence of co-expression of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the medial geniculate, medial superior olive, and VNLL suggests that synaptic responses in the target neurons of these nuclei may be different between rodents and macaque monkeys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan; Research and Education Program for Life Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan. Electronic address: itot@u-fukui.ac.jp.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Systems Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Systems Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D001306:Auditory Pathways / Q000166:cytology*; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism*; D050487:Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013788:Thalamus / Q000166:cytology; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050487:Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; C402565:glutamate decarboxylase 1; D005998:Glycine
keywords: GABA; glycine transporter 2; immunohistochemistry; in situ hybridization; primate; vesicular glutamate transporter