title: Biology of PXR: role in drug-hormone interactions.
abstract: Hormonal homeostasis is essential for a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Elimination and detoxification of xenobiotics, such as drugs introduced into the human body, could disrupt the balance of hormones due to the induction of drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and transporters. Pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) functions as a master xenobiotic receptor involved in drug metabolism and drug-drug interactions by its coordinated transcriptional regulation of phase I and phase II DMEs and transporters. Recently, increasing evidences indicate that PXR can also mediate the endocrine disruptor function and thus impact the integrity of the endocrine system. This review focuses primarily on the recent advances in our understanding of the function of PXR in glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, androgen and estrogen homeostasis. The elucidation of PXR-mediated drug-hormone interactions might have important therapeutic implications in dealing with hormone-dependent diseases and safety assessment of drugs.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, Pittsburgh ; Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, Pittsburgh.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yonggong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhai
keywords: PXR; drug-hormone interactions; hormone homeostasis; xenobiotic receptor