title: The neural basis of olfactory function and its relationship with anhedonia in individuals with schizotypy: An exploratory study.
abstract: Previous studies have established a linkage between olfactory deficits and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. However, it is not known whether olfactory function is associated with hedonic traits in individuals with schizotypy. Seventeen individuals with schizotypy and 18 age- and sex-matched controls participated in this study. Hedonic traits were assessed with the Chapman Scales for Physical and Social Anhedonia (CSAS and CPAS). Olfactory function was assessed with the Sniffin' Stick Test (olfactory threshold, odour discrimination and odour identification). All participants undertook a structural imaging scan for grey matter volume measurements. Individuals with schizotypy had significantly higher CSAS and CPAS scores than healthy controls. They had normal olfactory function. Their odour identification ability was inversely correlated with physical and social anhedonia. The volume of the right parahippocampal gyrus was positively associated with odour identification ability, and negatively associated with physical and social anhedonia. Furthermore, mediation analysis suggested that odour identification ability influences anhedonia through its effect on the right parahippocampal gyrus. No such relationship was found in controls. These findings suggest that there is a relationship between odour identification and anhedonia in individuals with schizotypy, and the association may be mediated by parahippocampal gyrus volume.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lai-quan
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Fu-lei
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wen-hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xin-hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xin-qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hai-song
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
authors.forename: Simon S Y
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lui
authors.affiliation: Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
authors.forename: Eric F C
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: rckchan@psych.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Raymond C K
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059445:Anhedonia / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D009929:Organ Size; D020534:Parahippocampal Gyrus / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D012569:Schizotypal Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anhedonia; Imaging; Olfaction; Schizotypy