title: Facial asymmetry: a case report of localized linear scleroderma patient with muscular strain and spasm.
abstract: Facial asymmetry is found in patients with or without cosmetic facial alterations. Some patients have facial asymmetry that manifests underlying skeletal problems, while others have only limited soft-tissue facial asymmetry. Orthognathic surgery brings about a dermatic change, as soft tissue covers underlying bones. Limited soft-tissue asymmetry, meanwhile, is difficult to correct. The treatment modalities for the creation or restoration of an esthetically pleasing appearance were autogenous fat grafts, cartilage graft, and silicon injections. A young female patient had right-side facial asymmetry. The clinical assessment involved visual inspection of the face and palpation to differentiate soft tissue and bone. Although the extra-oral examination found facial asymmetry with skin atrophy, the radiographic findings revealed no mandibular atrophy or deviation. She was diagnosed as localized scleroderma with muscle spasm. In conclusion, facial asymmetry patients with skeletal asymmetry can be esthetically satisfied by orthognathic surgery; however, facial atrophy patients with skin or subdermal tissue contraction need treatment by cosmetic dermatological surgery and orthodontic correction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dong-a University Hospital, Daesingonhwon-ro26, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-715 Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dong-a University Hospital, Daesingonhwon-ro26, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-715 Korea.
authors.forename: Suck-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dong-a University Hospital, Daesingonhwon-ro26, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-715 Korea.
authors.forename: Chul-Hoon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dong-a University Hospital, Daesingonhwon-ro26, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-715 Korea.
authors.forename: Bok-Joo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Facial asymmetry; Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS); Scleroderma; Soft-tissue facial asymmetry