title: Pappa2 deletion in mice affects male but not female fertility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies have found associations between the gene encoding pregnancy associated plasma protein-A2 (PAPP-A2), a protease of insulin-like growth factor binding protein -5 (IGFBP-5), and measures of female reproductive performance in cattle. The purpose of the present study was to test the effects of Pappa2 deletion on reproduction in mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We measured the fertility and offspring growth of Pappa2 deletion females, and also performed reciprocal matings (i.e., deletion males mated to control females) to control for the effects of offspring genotype. Ovarian and testicular IGFBP-5 levels were measured by Western blotting. As expected, deletion of Pappa2 increased ovarian IGFBP-5 levels. However, Pappa2 deletion in females had no effect on the interval between pairing and the birth of the first litter, the interval between the births of the first and second litters, or litter size. Offspring weight was lower in the offspring of Pappa2 deletion females, but effects of similar magnitude were observed in the offspring of Pappa2 deletion males, suggesting that the effects were due to heterozygosity for the deletion in the offspring. Pappa2 deletion in males had no effect on litter size or the interval between pairing and the birth of the first litter. However, the interval between the births of the first and second litters was significantly longer in deletion males.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pappa2 deletion had no effect on female reproductive performance. In contrast, Pappa2 deletion had subtle effects on male fertility, although the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada. julian_christians@sfu.ca.
authors.forename: Julian K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Christians
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada. ayking@sfu.ca.
authors.forename: Avery Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada. rogowska@students.uni-mainz.de.
authors.forename: Monika D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rogowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada. shessels@sfu.ca.
authors.forename: Sonia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hessels
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011247:Pregnancy; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics*; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: C514948:PAPPA2 protein, mouse; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A