title: The investigation of some bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna subsp. monogyna Jacq).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The antioxidant and pharmacological effects of hawthorn have mainly been attributed to the polyphenolic contents. The aim of this research is to determine some bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of hawthorn aqueous and ethanol extracts of leaves, flowers, and ripened fruits.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this purpose, antioxidant activities of extracts were assessed on DPPH•, ABTS•+, superoxide scavenging, reducing power and ferrous metal chelating activity assays and phenolic content of extracts was determined by Folin-Cioacalteu's reagent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The flavonoids including rutin, apigenin, myricetin, quercetin, naringenin and kaempferol, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography in the hawthorn extract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was observed the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Crataegus monogyna subsp. monogyna fruits showed the highest activity in reducing power and metal chelating activity assays. In addition, it was determined that the aqueous flower extract showed higher flavonoid content than aqueous leaves extract. The antioxidant and pharmacological effects of hawthorn have mainly been attributed to the polyphenolic contents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serhat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keser
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Usak University, Usak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sait
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tunceli University, Tunceli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Semra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turkoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ökkes
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology Education, Education Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Turkoglu
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Crataegus monogyna subsp. monogyna; flavonoid; polyphenolic content