title: Astaxanthin Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Inhibition of Nf-Κb P65 and Wnt/Β-Catenin in Vitro.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor that can cause systemic invasion; however, the exact etiology and molecular mechanism are unknown. Astaxanthin (ASX), a powerful antioxidant, has efficient anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other activities, and has great research prospects in cancer therapy. We selected the human hepatoma cell lines, LM3 and SMMC-7721, to study the anti-tumor effect and related mechanisms of ASX. The cell lines were treated with different concentrations of ASX, and its solvent DMSO as a control, for different time periods and the results were determined using CCK8, qRT-PCR, WB, apoptotic staining, and flow cytometry. ASX induced significant apoptosis of HCC cells, and its effect may have been caused by NF-κB p65 and Wnt/β-catenin down-regulation via negative activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK. Antitumor research on ASX has provided us with a potential therapy for patients with hepatomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. sealjj@126.com.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. dai_yue@163.com.
authors.forename: Weiqi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. gagaxyj@126.com.
authors.forename: Yujing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. cutking@126.com.
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. Lrk678@126.com.
authors.forename: Sainan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. klmn1334@sina.com.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. Sylvia_rong@163.com.|The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. Sylvia_rong@163.com.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. hellowangjr@163.com.|The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. hellowangjr@163.com.
authors.forename: Jianrong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. 15214327248@163.com.|The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. 15214327248@163.com.
authors.forename: Wenxia
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. zyq937065339@163.com.|The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. zyq937065339@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. yinqin201011@163.com.|The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. yinqin201011@163.com.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. hurxida0101@126.com.
authors.forename: Huerxidan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abudumijiti
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. tjchenrongxia@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Rongxia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. sxzhengyuanyuan@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. fairywong04285@163.com.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. sealjj@126.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. yqzh02@163.com.
authors.forename: Yingqun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. guochuanyong@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Chuanyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000235:genetics; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D024341:Xanthophylls; D051176:beta Catenin; C005948:astaxanthine
keywords: apoptosis; astaxanthin; hepatocellular carcinoma