title: Selected Phytochemicals and Culinary Plant Extracts Inhibit Fructose Uptake in Caco-2 Cells.
abstract: This study compared the ability of nine culinary plant extracts containing a wide array of phytochemicals to inhibit fructose uptake and then explored the involvement of intestinal fructose transporters and phytochemicals for selected samples. The chemical signature was characterized by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Inhibition of [(14)C]-fructose uptake was tested by using human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Then, the relative contribution of the two apical-facing intestinal fructose transporters, GLUT2 and GLUT5, and the signature components for fructose uptake inhibition was confirmed in naive, phloretin-treated and forskolin-treated Caco-2 cells. HPLC/MS analysis of the chemical signature revealed that guava leaf contained quercetin and catechin, and turmeric contained curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin and dimethoxycurcumin. Similar inhibition of fructose uptake (by ~50%) was observed with guava leaf and turmeric in Caco-2 cells, but with a higher contribution of GLUT2 for turmeric and that of GLUT5 for guava leaf. The data suggested that, in turmeric, demethoxycurcumin specifically contributed to GLUT2-mediated fructose uptake inhibition, and curcumin did the same to GLUT5-mediated fructose uptake inhibition, but GLUT2 inhibition was more potent. By contrast, in guava leaf, catechin specifically contributed to GLUT5-mediated fructose uptake inhibition, and quercetin affected both GLUT5- and GLUT2-mediated fructose uptake inhibition, resulting in the higher contribution of GLUT5. These results suggest that demethoxycurcumin is an important contributor to GLUT2-mediated fructose uptake inhibition for turmeric extract, and catechin is the same to GLUT5-mediated fructose uptake inhibition for guava leaf extract. Quercetin, curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin contributed to both GLUT5- and GLUT2-mediated fructose uptake inhibition, but the contribution to GLUT5 inhibition was higher than the contribution to GLUT2 inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea. iamyourim@naver.com.
authors.forename: Yurim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea. iamyourim@naver.com.
authors.forename: Yeni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea. orank@ewha.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Oran
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D036381:Diarylheptanoids; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D031647:Psidium / Q000737:chemistry*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D036381:Diarylheptanoids; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; C495680:SLC2A2 protein, human; C495726:SLC2A5 protein, human; C034786:bisdemethoxycurcumin; D005632:Fructose; D011794:Quercetin; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Caco-2 cells; GLUT2; GLUT5; culinary plants; fructose transport