title: Epidemiology of surgically treated posterior cruciate ligament injuries in Scandinavia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main purpose of the study was to provide an overview of injury mechanisms, concomitant injuries, and other relevant epidemiological data for patients treated in Scandinavia with posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PCLR) following a posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total number of 1287 patients who underwent PCLR from 2004 to 2013 in the Scandinavian counties were included from the national ligament registries. The variables such as age, sex, activity, and graft used for reconstruction were collected. Then, injuries were sorted based on concomitant injuries. Finally, data from the different registries were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average age of the treated patients was 32.7 years. Sex distribution ratio of male to female was 858:429 (66.7 %:33.3 %). Depending on definition, 26-37 % of the injuries treated were isolated PCL injuries. PCL injuries were most commonly encountered in sports with 35.4 % of the total number of PCL injuries in the study population. Soccer was the sport with the highest number of injuries (13.1 %). Cartilage lesions occurred in 26.1 % of PCL injuries and meniscal lesions in 21.0 %. Minimum one other additional ligament was injured in 62.2 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated PCL injuries are common, although the injury is most commonly associated with other ligament injuries. There is a high prevalence of cartilage injuries and meniscal lesions associated with PCL injuries. Sports are the leading cause of PCL injuries treated operatively. Epidemiological data are a necessary part of the basis for injury prevention in the future. The prevalence of concomitant injuries is also relevant and clinically important for the choice of surgical procedure and for the expected outcomes following surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  II.
authors.affiliation: Ortopedisk klinikk, Ahus, 1478, Nordbyhagen, Norway. owesen@getmail.no.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3749-0296
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Owesen
authors.affiliation: Nevrologisk avd, Ahus, 1478, Nordbyhagen, Norway.
authors.forename: Stine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sandven-Thrane
authors.affiliation: Idrætssektoren, Ortopædkirurgisk Afd, Århus Sygehus, Tage Hansens Gade 2, 8000, Århus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.affiliation: Capio Artro Clinic, Stockholm Sports Trauma Research Center, Valhallavagen 91, 114 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forssblad
authors.affiliation: Senter for idrettsskadeforskning, Norges idrettshøgskole, Sognsveien 220, Postboks 4014 Ullevål Stadion, 0806, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Lars-Petter
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Granan
authors.affiliation: Ortopedisk klinikk, Ahus, 1478, Nordbyhagen, Norway.
authors.forename: Asbjørn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Årøen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries / Q000453:epidemiology; D012916:Soccer / Q000293:injuries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Epidemiology; Knee; Knee ligament; Knee registries; Posterior cruciate ligament