title: Focused Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Affects Extracellular Matrix Degradation via Decreasing Chondrocyte Apoptosis and Inflammatory Mediators in a Surgically Induced Osteoarthritic Rabbit Model.
abstract: We investigated whether focused low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (FLIPUS) affects extracellular matrix (ECM) production in osteoarthritic (OA) rabbits by decreasing chondrocyte apoptosis and pro-inflammatory mediators. An OA model using New Zealand White rabbits (N = 30) and 30 normal rabbits were randomized into three groups (2-, 4- and 8-wk groups; n = 10 knees each). A knee from each rabbit was randomly selected to receive FLIPUS and the other knee received a sham treatment as a control. Another 30 normal rabbits were blank controls. We measured ECM degradation, joint effusion volume and levels of prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide. Also, ratios of chondrocyte proliferation and apoptosis were calculated. Compared with sham stimulation, FLIPUS attenuated release of type II collagen and proteoglycans and reduced chondrocyte apoptosis as well as total joint effusion volume and significantly alleviated OA-induced accretion of prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide in the synovial fluid. FLIPUS application promoted ECM production in OA through down regulation inflammatory mediators, joint effusion volume and chondrocyte apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Lang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jinyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: chenwz@cqmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wenzhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D011817:Rabbits; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Apoptosis; Extracellular matrix; Focused low-intensity pulsed ultrasound; Osteoarthritis; Proliferation