title: Occurrence and Genotyping of Coxiella burnetii in Ixodid Ticks in Oromia, Ethiopia.
abstract: This study was conducted from September 2011 to March 2014 to address the occurrence and genotypes of Coxiella burnetii using molecular methods in ticks collected from domestic animals in Ethiopia. Ticks were tested for C. burnetii by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting two different genes followed by multispacer sequence typing (MST). An overall prevalence of 6.4% (54/842) of C. burnetii was recorded. C. burnetii was detected in 28.6% (14/49) of Amblyomma gemma, 25% (31/124) of Rhipicephalus pulchellus, 7.1% (1/14) of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, 3.2% (2/62) of Am. variegatum, 3.1% (4/128) of Am. cohaerens, 1.6% (1/63) of Rh. praetextatus, and 0.6% (1/153) of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus. Significantly higher overall frequencies of C. burnetii DNA were observed in Am. gemma and Rh. pulchellus than in other tick species (Mantel-Haenszel [MH], P < 0.0001). The overall frequency of C. burnetii was significantly higher (MH, P < 0.0001) in ticks from southeastern districts (Arero, Moyale, and Yabelo) than that from other districts. This study demonstrated the presence of C. burnetii genotype MST 18 in ticks in southeastern districts and genotype MST 20 in ticks in central districts. This study highlights the importance of ticks in the epidemiology of C. burnetii in Ethiopia.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE; UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095), Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Bersissa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kumsa
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE; UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095), Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Socolovschi
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE; UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095), Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Almeras
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE; UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095), Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raoult
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE; UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095), Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France philippe.parola@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parola
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001096:Arachnid Vectors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D002415:Cats; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000382:microbiology*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D004285:Dogs; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D026863:Ixodidae / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D013984:Tick Infestations / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial