title: Identification of ACE-inhibitory peptides from Phaseolus vulgaris after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.
abstract: The objective of this study was to identify the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides released from thermally treated Phaseolus vulgaris (pinto) whole beans after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The degree of hydrolysis increased during digestion reaching a value of 50% at the end of the pancreatic digestion. The <3 kDa fraction of the postpancreatic sample showed high ACE-inhibitory activity (IC50 = 105.6 ± 2.1 μg of peptides/mL). Peptides responsible for the ACE-inhibitory activity were isolated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Three fractions, showing the highest inhibitory activity, were selected for tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments. Eleven of the identified sequences have previously been described as ACE-inhibitors. Most of the identified bioactive peptides have a hydrophobic amino acid, (iso)leucine or phenylalanine, or proline at the C-terminal position, which is crucial for their ACE-inhibitory activity. The sequence of some peptides allowed us to anticipate the presence of ACE-inhibitory activity.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , via Amendola, 2 - Pad. Besta , Reggio, Emilia , Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tagliazucchi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , via Amendola, 2 - Pad. Besta , Reggio, Emilia , Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.affiliation: a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , via Amendola, 2 - Pad. Besta , Reggio, Emilia , Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bellesia
authors.affiliation: a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , via Amendola, 2 - Pad. Besta , Reggio, Emilia , Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Conte
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004063:Digestion; D006868:Hydrolysis; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010179:Pancreas; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism*; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D059748:Proteolysis; D011817:Rabbits; D013552:Swine; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D010455:Peptides; D010940:Plant Proteins; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: Common bean; hypertension; mass spectrometry; peptides; proteolysis