title: Adiponectin inhibits oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced increase in matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) during vascular injury and inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerotic plaque formation and rupture. In the process of atherosclerosis, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) upregulates MMP9 in human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA/VSMCs). Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-derived hormone that has been shown to exert anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adiponectin on MMP9 expression under pathogenic condition created by oxLDL in HA/VSMCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this experimental study, HA/VSMC were stimulated with oxLDL alone and in the presence of adiponectin for 24 and 48 h. The expression of MMP9 gene was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction method. The protein level of this gene was investigated by western blotting technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An oxLDL increased MMP9 expression 2.16 ± 0.24- and 3.32 ± 0.25-fold after 24 and 48 h, respectively and adiponectin decreased oxLDL-induced MMP9 expression in a time-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that adiponectin changes extracellular matrix by reducing MMP9 mRNA and protein, therefore, may stabilize lesions and reduce atheroma rupture.
authors.affiliation: MSc Student, Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saneipour
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Keihan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghatreh-Samani
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Esfandiar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Heydarian
authors.affiliation: PhD Candidate, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Effat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Farrokhi
authors.affiliation: PhD Candidate, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Narges
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdian
keywords: Adiponectin; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein