title: Improvement of J(sc) in a Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cell by Using a Thin Carbon Intermediate Layer at the Cu2ZnSnS4/Mo Interface.
abstract: Back contact modification plays an important role in improving energy conversion efficiency of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film solar cells. In this paper, an ultrathin carbon layer is introduced on molybdenum (Mo)-coated soda lime glass (SLG) prior to the deposition of CZTS precursor to improve the back contact and therefore enhance CZTS solar cell efficiency. By introducing this layer, the short circuit current (Jsc) and device conversion efficiency increase for both nonvacuum (sol-gel) and vacuum (sputtering) methods. Specifically, for the sol-gel based process, Jsc increases from 13.60 to 16.96 mA/cm(2) and efficiency from 4.47% to 5.52%, while for the sputtering based process, Jsc increases from 17.50 to 20.50 mA/cm(2) and efficiency from 4.10% to 5.20%. Furthermore, introduction of this layer does not lead to any deterioration of either open circuit voltage (Voc) or fill factor (FF).
authors.affiliation: School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Fangzhou
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
authors.forename: Fangqin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
authors.forename: Fangyang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Aobo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Jongsung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Kaiwen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hao
keywords: Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS); back contact; carbon; kesterite; solar cells; thin film