title: Aggregation and Association of NDVI, Boll Injury, and Stink Bugs in North Carolina Cotton.
abstract: Sampling of herbivorous stink bugs in southeastern U.S. cotton remains problematic. Remote sensing was explored to improve sampling of these pests and associated boll injury. Two adjacent 14.5-ha cotton fields were grid sampled in 2011 and 2012 by collecting stink bug adults and bolls every week during the third, fourth, and fifth weeks of bloom. Satellite remote sensing data were collected during the third week of bloom during both years, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values were calculated. Stink bugs were spatially aggregated on the third week of bloom in 2011. Boll injury from stink bugs was spatially aggregated during the fourth week of bloom in 2012. The NDVI values were aggregated during both years. There was a positive association and correlation between stink bug numbers and NDVI values, as well as injured bolls and NDVI values, during the third week of bloom in 2011. During the third week of bloom in 2012, NDVI values were negatively correlated with stink bug numbers. During the fourth week of bloom in 2011, stink bug numbers and boll injury were both positively associated and correlated with NDVI values. During the fourth week of bloom in 2012, stink bugs were negatively correlated with NDVI values, and boll injury was negatively associated and correlated with NDVI values. This study suggests the potential of remote sensing as a tool to assist with sampling stink bugs in cotton, although more research is needed using NDVI and other plant measurements to predict stink bug injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Vernon G. James Research and Extension Center, 207 Research Station Rd., Plymouth, NC 27962 ddreisig@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: Dominic D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Reisig
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forest and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 2200 Pocket Rd., Florence, SC 29506.
authors.forename: F P F
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Reay-Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Vernon G. James Research and Extension Center, 207 Research Station Rd., Plymouth, NC 27962.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Meijer
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000818:Animals; D035264:Flowers / Q000254:growth & development; D003368:Gossypium / Q000469:parasitology*; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000502:physiology*; D009657:North Carolina; D011156:Population Density; D011157:Population Dynamics; D058998:Remote Sensing Technology
keywords: Euschistus servus (Say); NDVI; SADIE; boll injury