title: Phytochemical Characterization of Veronica officinalis L., V. teucrium L. and V. orchidea Crantz from Romania and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties.
abstract: Aerial parts of Veronica species are used in Romanian traditional medicine for the treatment of various conditions like kidney diseases, cough, and catarrh, and are known for their wound-healing properties. In the present study, the phenolic and sterolic content and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three Veronica species (Plantaginaceae), V. officinalis L., V. teucrium L. and V. orchidea Crantz, were studied. The identification and quantification of several phenolic compounds and phytosterols were performed using LC/MS techniques and the main components were p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, luteoline, hispidulin and β-sitosterol. More than that, hispidulin, eupatorin and eupatilin were detected for the first time in the Veronica genus. Nevertheless, representatives of the Veronica genus were never investigated in terms of their phytosterol content. The antioxidant potential investigated by Trolox equivelents antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and EPR spectroscopy revealed that V. officinalis and V. orchidea extracts presented similar antioxidant capacities, whilst the values registered for V. teucrium extract are lower. Regarding the antimicrobial activity of the investigated species, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii were the most sensitive strains with MIC values between 3.9 and 15.62 mg/mL. The results obtained by this study may serve to promote better use of representatives from the genus Veronica as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Ghe. Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 400010, Romania. mocan.andrei@umfcluj.ro.
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mocan
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Manăştur Street, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania. dan.vodnar@usamvcluj.ro.
authors.forename: Dan Cristian
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Vodnar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 I. Creangă Street, Cluj-Napoca 400010, Romania. laurian.vlase@umfcluj.ro.
authors.forename: Laurian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vlase
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 I. Creangă Street, Cluj- Napoca 400010, Romania. ocrisan@umfcluj.ro.
authors.forename: Ovidiu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Crișan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 I. Creangă Street, Cluj-Napoca 400010, Romania. gheldiu.ana@umfcluj.ro.
authors.forename: Ana-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gheldiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Ghe. Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 400010, Romania. gcrisan@umfcluj.ro.
authors.forename: Gianina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Crișan
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008087:Listeria / Q000187:drug effects; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D032264:Veronica / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010840:Phytosterols
keywords: V. orchidea Crantz; V. teucrium L.; Veronica officinalis L.; antimicrobials; antioxidants; phytosterols