title: Imaging disulfide dinitroxides at 250 MHz to monitor thiol redox status.
abstract: Measurement of thiol-disulfide redox status is crucial for characterization of tumor physiology. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of disulfide-linked dinitroxides are readily distinguished from those of the corresponding monoradicals that are formed by cleavage of the disulfide linkage by free thiols. EPR spectra can thus be used to monitor the rate of cleavage and the thiol redox status. EPR spectra of (1)H,(14)N- and (2)H,(15)N-disulfide dinitroxides and the corresponding monoradicals resulting from cleavage by glutathione have been characterized at 250 MHz, 1.04 GHz, and 9 GHz and imaged by rapid-scan EPR at 250 MHz.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: Hanan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elajaili
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: Joshua R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Biller
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
authors.forename: Gerald M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
authors.forename: Joseph P Y
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tseytlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rinard
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Quine
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McPeak
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: Yilin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
authors.forename: Sandra S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Eaton
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, United States. Electronic address: geaton@du.edu.
authors.forename: Gareth R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Eaton
mesh_terms: D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005609:Free Radicals; D005978:Glutathione / Q000737:chemistry; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004220:Disulfides; D005609:Free Radicals; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Disulfide cleavage; Disulfide dinitroxide; Glutathione; Image reconstruction; Rapid-scan EPR; Thiol redox status