title: 'If at first you don't succeed, try again'. Looking beyond the initial results of a failed tuberculosis diagnosis.
abstract: We report the outcome of investigations conducted in 73 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected Ugandan adults presumed to have pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Following initial investigations, 32 of 73 patients were diagnosed with PTB. Of the remaining 41 patients initially classified as 'non-PTB', six had a delayed PTB diagnosis after a median of 6 weeks. Of the six patients lost to follow-up, four (66%) were reported to have died. Active tracking and close monitoring of HIV-infected patients presumed to have PTB independently of initial investigation results may reduce morbidity and mortality among this vulnerable patient group.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Braun
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sekaggya
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Henning
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakijoba
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kambugu
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fehr
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Castelnuovo
keywords: HIV; TB investigations; active follow-up; intensive case finding