title: Measurement of the abundance of choline and the distribution of choline-containing moieties in meat.
abstract: Epidemiological studies identify meat as a major source of choline; however, the most comprehensive reference for food choline content, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) database for dietary choline, does not include values for meats of importance in some regions. In this work, the total choline and choline-containing moieties of 20 samples of meat were analyzed by LC-MS/MS; 16 samples analyzed are absent from the USDA database and 4 samples included for comparison. Average total choline for one serving (75 g) was 50 ± 12 mg, which was 82.6% ± 5.5% phosphatidylcholine. There was general agreement between total choline levels in the meats analyzed in this work and USDA values. A strong negative correlation (r = -0.777, p < 0.001) between total choline and fat content was found. This research added choline composition data to a food group that is a major source of choline and ultimately this data will assist in obtaining more accurate estimates of dietary choline.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.
authors.forename: Erin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.
authors.forename: Yuan-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Bruce
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.
authors.forename: René L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Field
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Curtis
mesh_terms: D002794:Choline / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004032:Diet; D005223:Fats / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D009753:Nutritive Value; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014481:United States; D016885:United States Department of Agriculture
chemical_list: D005223:Fats; D002794:Choline
keywords: Beef; nutrient composition; phosphatidylcholine; poultry