title: In vitro effect photodynamic therapy with differents photosensitizers on cariogenic microorganisms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy has been proposed as an alternative to suppress subgingival species. This results from the balance among Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in the dental biofilm. Not all the photosensitizers have the same photodynamic effect against the different microorganims. The objective of this study is to compare in vitro the photodynamic effect of methylene blue (MB), rose Bengal (RB) and curcumin (CUR) in combination with white light on the cariogenic microorganism S. mutans, S. sanguis and C. albicans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Photodynamic therapy with MB, RB and CUR inhibited 6 log 10 the growth of both bacteria but at different concentrations: 0.31-0.62 μg/ml and 0.62-1.25 μg/ml RB were needed to photoinactivate S. mutans and S. sanguis, respectively; 1.25-2.5 μg/ml MB for both species; whereas higher CUR concentrations (80-160 μg/ml and 160-320 μg/ml) were required to obtain the same reduction in S. mutans and S. sanguis viability respectively. The minimal fungicidal concentration of MB for 5 log10 CFU reduction (4.5 McFarland) was 80-160 μg/ml, whereas for RB it ranged between 320 and 640 μg/ml. For CUR, even the maximum studied concentration (1280 μg/ml) did not reach that inhibition. Incubation time had no effect in all experiments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Photodynamic therapy with RB, MB and CUR and white light is effective in killing S. mutans and S. sanguis strains, although MB and RB are more efficient than CUR. C. albicans required higher concentrations of all photosensitizers to obtain a fungicidal effect, being MB the most efficient and CUR ineffective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. psorial@salud.aragon.es.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soria-Lozano
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Hospital San Jorge, Huesca, Spain. ygilaberte@salud.aragon.es.|Health Science Institute of Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain. ygilaberte@salud.aragon.es.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gilaberte
authors.affiliation: Health Science Institute of Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain. pablodelapazcristobal@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Paz-Cristobal
authors.affiliation: Health Science Institute of Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain. lunna_91@hotmail.es.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérez-Artiaga
authors.affiliation: Health Science Institute of Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain. vero_8594@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lampaya-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics. Faculty of Science, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. aporta@unizar.es.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aporta
authors.affiliation: Health Science Institute of Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain. vanesa2488@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pérez-Laguna
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. igarcial@us.es.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: García-Luque
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. mjrevillo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Revillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. arezusta@unizar.es.|Health Science Institute of Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain. arezusta@unizar.es.|Department of Microbiology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. arezusta@unizar.es.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezusta
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000494:pharmacology; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012395:Rose Bengal / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D012395:Rose Bengal; D003474:Curcumin; D008751:Methylene Blue