title: EN2 in Prostate Cancer.
abstract: Despite extensive efforts to identify a clinically useful diagnostic biomarker in prostate cancer, no new test has been approved by regulatory authorities. As a result, this unmet need has shifted to biomarkers that additionally indicate presence or absence of "significant" disease. EN2 is a homeodomain-containing transcription factor secreted by prostate cancer into the urine and can be detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay. EN2 may be an ideal biomarker because normal prostate tissue and benign prostatic hypertrophic cells do not secrete EN2. This review discusses the enormous potential of EN2 to address this unmet need and provide the urologist with a simple, inexpensive, and reliable prostate cancer biomarker.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sophie E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom. Electronic address: h.pandha@surrey.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Hardev
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pandha
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000502:physiology* / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology* / Q000652:urine*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D012307:Risk Factors; D000099266:Engrailed 2 Protein
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000099266:Engrailed 2 Protein
keywords: Biomarker; Engrailed 2; Prostate cancer; Significant disease