title: [Abuse, dependence and intoxication of substances].
abstract: As for substance-related disorders, there were several differences between ICD-10 and DSM-IV, however, the concept of "dependence" had been essential for both criteria. DSM-5 published in 2013 had erased dependence. This confuses us. It is important to recognize dependence again. "Abuse" is the self-intake behavior of drug against the social norms. Repeated abuse results in dependence. Dependence is a state of loss of control against drug use due to craving. Abuse can produce "acute intoxication", and repeated abuse under dependence can produce "chronic intoxication". It is important to understand abuse, dependence and "intoxication" based on their relationship from the point of time course.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D000818:Animals; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*