title: Components of a Rice-Oilseed Rape Production System Augmented with Trichoderma sp. Tri-1 Control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Oilseed Rape.
abstract: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes serious yield losses on many crops throughout the world. A multicomponent treatment that consisted of the residual rice straw remaining after rice harvest and Trichoderma sp. Tri-1 (Tri-1) formulated with the oilseed rape seedcake fertilizer was used in field soil infested with S. sclerotiorum. This treatment resulted in oilseed rape seed yield that was significantly greater than the nontreated control or when the fungicide carbendizem was used in the presence of this pathogen in field trials. Yield data suggested that the rice straw, oilseed rape seedcake, and Tri-1 components of this treatment all contributed incrementally. Similar treatment results were obtained regarding reduction in disease incidence. Slight improvements in yield and disease incidence were detected when this multicomponent treatment was combined with a fungicide spray. Inhibition of sclerotial germination by this multicomponent treatment trended greater than the nontreated control at 90, 120, and 150 days in field studies but was not significantly different from this control. This multicomponent treatment resulted in increased yield relative to the nontreated control in the absence of pathogen in a greenhouse pot study, while the straw alone and the straw plus oilseed rape seedcake treatments did not; suggesting that Tri-1 was capable of promoting growth. Experiments reported here indicate that a treatment containing components of a rice-oilseed rape production system augmented with Tri-1 can control S. sclerotiorum on oilseed rape, be used in integrated strategies containing fungicide sprays for control of this pathogen, and promote plant growth.
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Xiaojia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Jude E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Maul
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Changbing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Yinshui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Yinbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: First, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China; and second and fourth authors: Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000502:physiology*; D061046:Biological Control Agents; D029688:Brassica napus / Q000382:microbiology*; D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005308:Fertilizers; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D012275:Oryza / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D061046:Biological Control Agents; D005308:Fertilizers; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial