title: Development of collateral vessels: A new paradigm in CAM angiogenesis model.
abstract: The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is one of the most widely used models to study angiogenesis. In this study, collateral vessel development is reported in CAM assay useful in analysis of angiogenesis. Four days old white Leghorn fertilized chicken eggs were inoculated with vehicle, standard or test angiogenesis inhibitor using standard protocol. Central vessel growth was seen tapering down and collateral vessels were developed from the lower side of the chorioallantoic membrane moving upward in 12 days old standard or test treated CAMs. In the absence of the central vessel, collateral blood supply helped in survival of embryos. Hence, development of collateral vessels was used for ranking of blood vessels and angiogenesis in addition to well-known standard parameters related to central vessel. The finding could differentiate molecules inhibiting angiogenesis with or without collateralization which is crucial in anti-angiogenic therapy used for cardiovascular diseases and cancer. This study proposes a new avenue to distinguish pro-angiogenic molecules from anti-angiogenic ones as well as anti-angiogenic molecules which may or may not support alternative vascularization pathway that would have great impact on future angiogenic and anti-angiogenic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056 Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: dipti_medhane@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Dipti P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Gatne
authors.affiliation: KEM Hospital & G. S. Medical College, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai, 400012 Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: snehal.mungekar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Snehal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mungekar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056 Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: v.addepalli@nmims.edu.
authors.forename: Veeranjaneyulu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Addepalli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, 400098 Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: krishnapriyamohanraj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Krishnapriya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohanraj
authors.affiliation: The Chemistry Research Solution LLC (TCRS), 360 George Patterson Blvd, Suite 106, Bristol, PA 19007, United States. Electronic address: sghone@tcrs-us.com.
authors.forename: Sanjeevani A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ghone
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, KEM hospital & G. S. Medical College, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai, 400012 Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: nimarege@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nirmala N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Rege
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000098:blood supply*; D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors
keywords: Angiogenesis; Anti-angiogenic effect; Blood vessels; CAM assay; Chorioallantoic membrane; Collateral vessels