title: Thinning of the RPE and choroid associated with T lymphocyte recruitment in aged and light-challenged mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thinning of the RPE and the underlying vascular layer, the choroid, is observed with age in many human eye disorders. The reasons for this thinning are ill-defined. Here, we highlight the possible role of T lymphocyte recruitment in choroidoretinal thinning in aged and light-challenged mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  In age and light challenge models, we measured chemokine concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and used flow cytometry to characterize lymphocyte populations. We quantified thinning in eye immunosections and RPE65 expression using quantitative PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age and light challenge led to increased levels of the lymphotactic protein CXCL10 alone (aging) or in conjunction with CXCL9 (light challenge). Increased numbers of CD3+ T lymphocytes, most of them CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, were also observed in the choroid and retina of old mice and following light challenge. Influx of T lymphocytes was associated with RPE and choroidal thinning and diminished expression of RPE65 mRNA, an essential enzyme of the visual cycle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observations from this study suggest that cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes might participate in choroidal and RPE degeneration and that modulation of T lymphocyte recruitment might be a novel strategy to reduce choroidoretinal dysfunctions observed with age and following photo-oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Unité de Recherche Clinique Lariboisière Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Camelo
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U968, Paris, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France ; CNRS, UMR_7210, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Calippe
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U968, Paris, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France ; CNRS, UMR_7210, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lavalette
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U968, Paris, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France ; CNRS, UMR_7210, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dominguez
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U968, Paris, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France ; CNRS, UMR_7210, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Justine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.affiliation: Plateforme d'imagerie, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR S 872, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Devevre
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U968, Paris, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France ; CNRS, UMR_7210, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guillonneau
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U968, Paris, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France ; CNRS, UMR_7210, Paris, France ; Université François-Rabelais de Tours, CNRS, GICC UMR 7292, Tours, France.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Raoul
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U968, Paris, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France ; CNRS, UMR_7210, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sennlaub
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000528:radiation effects; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002829:Choroid / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light / Q000009:adverse effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D019745:cis-trans-Isomerases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D000099178:Retinoid Isomerohydrolase
chemical_list: D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019745:cis-trans-Isomerases; D000099178:Retinoid Isomerohydrolase; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; C080810:CXCL9 protein, human