title: Epidemiology of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in French Polynesia.
abstract: As few data are available in the Pacific countries and territories of the Oceania region regarding nontuberculous mycobacteria,we retrospectively identified 87 such isolates from French Polynesia from 2008 to 2013 by hybridization using DNA-strip, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and partial rpoB gene sequencing. Partial rpoB gene sequencing classified 42/87 (48.3%) isolates in the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex, 28 (32.2%) in the Mycobacterium abscessus complex, 8 (9.2%) in the Mycobacterium mucogenicum complex, and 5 (5.7%) in the Mycobacterium avium complex. Two isolates were identified as Mycobacterium acapulcensis and Mycobacterium cosmeticum by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. One isolate, unidentified by MALDI-TOF MS and yielding less than 92% and 96% sequence similarity with rpoB and hsp65 reference sequences, respectively, was regarded as a potentially new species. Samples from three patients exhibiting>2 Mycobacterium porcinum isolates and from one patient with emphysema and a lung abscess exhibiting 2 Mycobacterium senegalense isolates fulfilled the American Thoracic Society microbiological criteria for nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infection.Remote geographic areas, such as French Polynesia, are potential sources for the discovery of new mycobacterial species.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Phelippeau
authors.forename: Djaltou Aboubaker
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Musso
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drancourt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D011114:Polynesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C074119:heat-shock protein 65, Mycobacterium; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; C105078:RNA polymerase beta subunit