title: Basic principles of static proton low-resolution spin diffusion NMR in nanophase-separated materials with mobility contrast.
abstract: We review basic principles of low-resolution proton NMR spin diffusion experiments, relying on mobility differences in nm-sized phases of inhomogeneous organic materials such as block-co- or semicrystalline polymers. They are of use for estimates of domain sizes and insights into nanometric dynamic inhomogeneities. Experimental procedures and limitations of mobility-based signal decomposition/filtering prior to spin diffusion are addressed on the example of as yet unpublished data on semicrystalline poly(ϵ-caprolactone), PCL. Specifically, we discuss technical aspects of the quantitative, dead-time free detection of rigid-domain signals by aid of the magic-sandwich echo (MSE), and magic-and-polarization-echo (MAPE) and double-quantum (DQ) magnetization filters to select rigid and mobile components, respectively. Such filters are of general use in reliable fitting approaches for phase composition determinations. Spin diffusion studies at low field using benchtop instruments are challenged by rather short (1)H T1 relaxation times, which calls for simulation-based analyses. Applying these, in combination with domain sizes as determined by small-angle X-ray scattering, we have determined spin diffusion coefficients D for PCL (0.34, 0.19 and 0.032nm(2)/ms for crystalline, interphase and amorphous parts, respectively). We further address thermal-history effects related to secondary crystallization. Finally, the state of knowledge concerning the connection between D values determined locally at the atomic level, using (13)C detection and CP- or REDOR-based "(1)H hole burning" procedures, and those obtained by calibration experiments, is summarized. Specifically, the non-trivial dependence of D on the magic-angle spinning (MAS) frequency, with a minimum under static and a local maximum under moderate-MAS conditions, is highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schäler
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Micke
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Yury
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Golitsyn
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seidlitz
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thurn-Albrecht
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hempel
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany. Electronic address: kay.saalwaechter@physik.uni-halle.de.
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saalwächter
keywords: Block copolymers; Low-field NMR; Nanophase separation; Poly(ϵ-caprolactone); Polymer crystallization; Polymer dynamics; Semicrystalline polymers