title: Polyanthraquinone as a Reliable Organic Electrode for Stable and Fast Lithium Storage.
abstract: In spite of recent progress, there is still a lack of reliable organic electrodes for Li storage with high comprehensive performance, especially in terms of long-term cycling stability. Herein, we report an ideal polymer electrode based on anthraquinone, namely, polyanthraquinone (PAQ), or specifically, poly(1,4-anthraquinone) (P14AQ) and poly(1,5-anthraquinone) (P15AQ). As a lithium-storage cathode, P14AQ showed exceptional performance, including reversible capacity almost equal to the theoretical value (260 mA h g(-1); >257 mA h g(-1) for AQ), a very small voltage gap between the charge and discharge curves (2.18-2.14=0.04 V), stable cycling performance (99.4% capacity retention after 1000 cycles), and fast-discharge/charge ability (release of 69% of the low-rate capacity or 64% of the energy in just 2 min). Exploration of the structure-performance relationship between P14AQ and related materials also provided us with deeper understanding for the design of organic electrodes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (USA).|Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 (Japan).|Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China).
authors.forename: Zhiping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 (Japan).
authors.forename: Yumin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (USA).
authors.forename: Mikhail L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gordin
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (USA).
authors.forename: Duihai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (USA).
authors.forename: Terrence
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 (Japan).|Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8520 (Japan).
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China).
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 (Japan). hs.zhou@aist.go.jp.|National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China). hs.zhou@aist.go.jp.
authors.forename: Haoshen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (USA). dwang@psu.edu.
authors.forename: Donghai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: anthraquinone; cathodes; lithium batteries; organic electrode materials; polymers