title: Lidocaine Reduces Acute Postoperative Pain After Supratentorial Tumor Surgery in the PACU: A Secondary Finding From a Randomized, Controlled Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perioperative lidocaine infusion has been reported to reduce postoperative pain in patients after abdominal surgery; however, no study has examined lidocaine's effect on acute postoperative pain after supratentorial tumor surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 94 patients scheduled for supratentorial craniotomy were enrolled. Patients received either lidocaine through an intravenous bolus (1.5 mg/kg) after induction followed by infusion at a rate of 2 mg/kg/h until the end of surgery or the same volume of normal saline. Mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and bispectral index were recorded at different intraoperative time points. Patients were assessed for pain in the postoperative anesthesia care unit (PACU) by the numeric rating scale (NRS). Other complications including hypertension, tachycardia, dysphoria, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the normal saline and lidocaine group for mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and bispectral index at any time point (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypertension, tachycardia, dysphoria, and PONV between groups (P>0.05). The incidence of mild pain (NRS between 1 and 3) after surgery in PACU was lower in lidocaine group than that in the normal saline group (P=0.014); the number of patients with an NRS pain score of 0 before leaving the PACU was significantly greater in the lidocaine group. No patient in either group had moderate or severe pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative infusion of lidocaine significantly decreases the proportion of patients with acute pain after supratentorial tumor surgery in the PACU.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China Departments of †Anesthesiology ‡Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY.
authors.forename: Yuming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ira S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kass
authors.forename: Ruquan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D059787:Acute Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015173:Supratentorial Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine