title: Cold-night responses in grapevine inflorescences.
abstract: Cold nights impact grapevine flower development and fruit set. Regulation at the female meiosis stepmay be of considerable importance for further understanding on how flower reacts to cold stress. In this study, the impact of chilling temperature (0 °C overnight) on carbon metabolism was investigated in the inflorescencesof two cultivars, Pinot noir (Pinot) and Gewurztraminer (Gewurtz.). Fluctuations in photosynthetic activity and carbohydrate metabolism were monitored by analyzing gas exchanges, simultaneous photosystem I and II activities, andcarbohydrate content. Further, the expression of PEPc, PC, FNR, ISO, OXO, AGPase, amylases and invertase genes, activities of various enzymes, as well as metabolomic analysis were attained. Results showed that the chilling night has different impacts depending on cultivars. Thus, in Gewurtz., net photosynthesis (Pn) was transiently increased whereas, in Pinot, the Pn increase was persistent and concomitant with an inhibition of respiration. However, during the days following the cold night, photosynthetic activity was decreased, and the cyclic electron flow was inhibited in Gewurtz., suggesting lower efficient energy dissipation. Likewise, metabolomic analysis revealed that several metabolites contents (namely alanine, GABA, lysine and succinate)were distinctly modulated in the two cultivars. Taking together, these results reflect a photosynthetic metabolism alteration or internal CO2 conductance in Gewurtz. explaining partly why Pinot is less susceptible to cold stress.
authors.affiliation: Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Mélodie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawicki
authors.affiliation: Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France. Electronic address: ea.barka@univ-reims.fr.
authors.forename: Essaid
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ait Barka
authors.affiliation: Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Université Paris Sud-CNRS, UMR 8618 Rue de Noetzlin-Bâtiment 630, Plateau du Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gilard
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Université Paris Sud-CNRS, UMR 8618 Rue de Noetzlin-Bâtiment 630, Plateau du Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tcherkez
authors.affiliation: Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baillieul
authors.affiliation: Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vaillant-Gaveau
authors.affiliation: Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jacquard
mesh_terms: D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D056626:Inflorescence / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008540:Meiosis; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: Carbon metabolism; Cold night; Coulure; Grapevine; Inflorescences; Photosynthetic activity