title: [TNF-α induces the release of high mobility group protein B1 through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in microglia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) on TNF-α -induced high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) expression in microglial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microglial cells were treated with TNF-α (25 ng/mL, TNF-α group), TNF-α plus SB203580 (10 μmol/L, TNF-α+SB203580 group), SB203580 (SB203580 group) or serum-free medium (control group). After 16 h of incubation, the protein levels of p-p38 MAPK and HMGB1, and mRNA levels of HMGB1 were examined by ELISA, Western Blot and RT-PCR, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant increase in p-p38 MAPK and HMGB1 levels in TNF-α-treated microglia cells (P<0.01). The TNF-α-induced HMGB1 protein and mRNA expression was suppressed by SB203580.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF-α up-regulates HMGB1 expression in microglial cells through activation of the p38 MAPK pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Ruike
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Qinqin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Shenghui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Qulian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D007093:Imidazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580