title: Validation of the German Version of the Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire for Health Professionals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate the Quality of Dying and Death (QoDD) instrument for health professionals (QoDD-D-MA) and to test its feasibility in 2 German palliative care units (PCUs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The QoDD was translated from English to German and then retranslated following European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) guidelines. Data were collected in 2 German PCUs to calculate aspects of validity and reliability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean total score was 83.05 (range 49-100; N = 232). The QoDD-D-MA showed satisfactory psychometric properties, Cronbach α = .830; interrater reliability r = .245 (P < .01). The QoDD-D-MA was independent of patients' demographic and clinical aspects. Some challenges occurred when applying the instrument.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Feasibility could be improved by adapting the QoDD-D-MA to create a self-assessment version and finding a solution for items that result in many missing data. Future research should validate the QoDD-D-MA in other care settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center CCC Erlangen-EMN, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heckel
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Palliative Care Unit, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bussmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center CCC Erlangen-EMN, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany stephanie.stiel@uk-erlangen.de.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stiel
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center CCC Erlangen-EMN, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ostgathe
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Palliative Care Unit, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001293:Attitude to Death; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014175:Translating
keywords: assessment tool; palliative care; psychometric properties; quality of dying and death; reliability; validation; validity