title: Treatment of Acute Hepatitis C Infection with Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin in Patients Coinfected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Of the 35 million human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients worldwide, 10-40% are coinfected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Compared to HCV-monoinfected patients, those coinfected experience decreased spontaneous HCV clearance, accelerated liver fibrosis, and a decreased response to anti-HCV therapy. We conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the efficacy of treating acute HCV in HIV-positive patients with peginterferon and ribavirin combination therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two authors independently searched MEDLINE and EMBASE (2014) for English articles, and reviewed bibliographies and abstracts from major liver and HIV conferences (2011-2013). Original studies featuring at least 10 treatment-naive, HIV-positive adults infected with acute HCV and treated with peginterferon and ribavirin were included. Analyses were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q test (p < 0.05) and the I(2) statistic (>50%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 12 studies (450 patients), the pooled sustained virological response (SVR) was 71.4% (95% CI 64.7-77.4; Q statistic = 22.20, p = 0.023, I(2) = 50.44). The rapid virological response (RVR; 7 studies, 196 patients) was 47.4% (95% CI 40.6-54.7), and the early virological response (EVR; 9 studies, 283 patients) was 82.8% (95% CI 67.0-92.0). The probability of an SVR was 93.1% (95% CI 84.9-97.0) in those who obtained an RVR (6 studies, 82 patients) and 85.9% (95% CI 78.7-91.0) if an EVR (7 studies, 168 patients) was reached.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peginterferon with ribavirin is an effective option for treating acute HCV in HIV-positive patients, especially if they achieve an RVR or an EVR.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Calif., USA.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Nghia H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Brittany E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: Walid S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Ayoub
authors.forename: Glen A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lutchman
authors.forename: Mindie H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D060085:Coinfection; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; C571406:PEG-IFN-SA; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b