title: The Sound of a Buk (Korean Traditional Drum) Attenuates Anaphylactic Reactions by the Activation of Estrogen Receptor-β.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anaphylaxis is associated with systemic vasodilation that causes low blood pressure and induces hypoxic brain damage. The sound of a Buk (Korean traditional drum) is similar to the human heart beat and affects blood pressure, heart rate, and the nervous system by increasing physiological excitation and sympathetic nervous system activity. So, this study focused on the effect of Buk music as a means of treating anaphylaxis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of compound 48/80 (6.5 mg/kg, a mast cell degranulator). After compound 48/80 injection, mice were exposed to Buk music and white noise for 5 min in a sound isolation booth. The mortality rate was checked over the next 40 min. Levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the serum and brain tissues were analyzed by Western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, and ELISA methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to Buk music significantly reduced compound 48/80-induced mortality and histamine release, as well as HIF-1α and VEGF levels compared with the compound 48/80 group or compound 48/80 and white noise group. Buk music also reduced levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, and significantly increased estrogen receptor-β mRNA levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that Buk music has potential for the treatment of anaphylaxis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung-Ja
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Sun-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006636:Histamine Release; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009146:Music; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056910:Republic of Korea; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; C497443:Hif1a protein, mouse; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine