title: Dramatic Response of S-1 Administration to Chemorefractory Advanced Thymic Cancer.
abstract: Thymic cancer (TC) is a rare malignancy in thoracic tumors, and there has been no standard therapeutics for advanced or relapsed patients. The clinical significance of second-line or beyond chemotherapy for platinum refractory advanced TC remains unclear. Here, we present the experience of a patient with TC showing a complete response to S-1 as third-line chemotherapy. A 54-year-old female with TC was treated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel and thoracic radiotherapy as first-line chemoradiotherapy and amrubicin as second-line chemotherapy. After 3 cycles of amrubicin administration, the metastatic hepatic lesions revealed a markedly progressive disease. A single agent of S-1 was administered as sequencing chemotherapy. After 2 cycles of S-1, the patient achieved a complete remission of multiple metastatic sites. There was evidence of immunohistochemical staining of a low thymidylate synthase (TS) expression. The expression of TS may be closely associated with the efficacy of S-1 in patients with TC.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Oncology Clinical Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaira
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sunaga
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hisada
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motegi
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asao
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005641:Tegafur / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D004338:Drug Combinations; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D010094:Oxonic Acid