title: Adjunctive Pessary Therapy after Emergency Cervical Cerclage for Cervical Insufficiency with Protruding Fetal Membranes in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy: A Novel Modification of Treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of adjunctive pessary therapy after emergency cervical cerclage (ECC) in improving perinatal outcome in cervical insufficiency with fetal membranes protruding into the vagina.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of patients treated at the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, between 2008 and 2013. The study group consisted of 15 women treated with ECC and a pessary and the control group consisted of 17 patients treated with cerclage only.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean gestational age at delivery was significantly higher in the study group (34.7 versus 29.7 weeks, p = 0.03). The period between cerclage insertion and delivery was significantly longer in the study group (82.9 versus 52.1 days, p = 0.045). The mean neonatal birthweight and neonatal "discharge alive" ratio were higher in the study group, although not statistically significant (2550 g versus 1883 g, p = 0.14, and 93.3% versus 70.5%, p = 0.18, resp.). NICU hospitalization rates were comparable (33.3% versus 35.3%, p = 0.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adjunctive pessary therapy allows delaying delivery in women treated with ECC due to cervical insufficiency with protruding fetal membranes. It also seems to improve neonatal outcome, although the differences are not statistically significant. Further prospective study is required to prove these findings.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Plac Starynkiewicza 1/3, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kosinska-Kaczynska
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Plac Starynkiewicza 1/3, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bomba-Opon
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Plac Starynkiewicza 1/3, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zygula
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Ulica Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Bartosz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kaczynski
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Plac Starynkiewicza 1/3, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wegrzyn
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Plac Starynkiewicza 1/3, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Miroslaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wielgos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023802:Cerclage, Cervical / Q000379:methods*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010570:Pessaries; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D002581:Uterine Cervical Incompetence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult