title: Motor Nerve Transfers: A Comprehensive Review.
abstract: Brachial plexus and peripheral nerve injuries are exceedingly common. Traditional nerve grafting reconstruction strategies and techniques have not changed significantly over the last 3 decades. Increased experience and wider adoption of nerve transfers as part of the reconstructive strategy have resulted in a marked improvement in clinical outcomes. We review the options, outcomes, and indications for nerve transfers to treat brachial plexus and upper- and lower-extremity peripheral nerve injuries, and we explore the increasing use of nerve transfers for facial nerve and spinal cord injuries. Each section provides an overview of donor and recipient options for nerve transfer and of the relevant anatomy specific to the desired function.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri;‡Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Wilson Z
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ammar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hawasli
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Lynda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D016067:Nerve Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery