title: Decreased CDK10 expression correlates with lymph node metastasis and predicts poor outcome in breast cancer patients - a short report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclin-dependent kinase 10 (CDK10) has recently been identified as a tumor suppressor and, concordantly, its encoding gene has frequently been found to be inactivated in various human cancers. Here, we examined the expression status of CDK10 in a panel of primary human breast cancers and evaluated its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Western blotting was used to assess CDK10 protein levels in 20 paired breast cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. In addition, immunohistochemistry was performed in 128 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues. Associations of CDK10 expression with various clinicopathological parameters were evaluated and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate its effect on patient survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that CDK10 protein expression was markedly decreased in cancer tissues compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues. Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased CDK10 levels in 65/128 (50.8 %) of the primary breast cancer tissues tested. These decreased levels were found to be significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003), advanced tumor stage (P < 0.001) and unfavorable overall survival (P < 0.001). Furthermore, multivariate analyses indicated that CDK10 expression may serve as an independent prognostic factor for survival (P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Down-regulated CDK10 expression frequently occurs in breast cancers and correlates with disease progression and poor survival. CDK10 may serve as a prognostic biomarker for breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Pathological Examination and Research Center, Luohe Medical College, 148 Daxue-Road, Luohe, 462002, China.|Department of Pharmacy, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, 462002, China.|Luohe Key Laboratory of Medical Bioengineering, Luohe, 462002, China.|Bioengineering Laboratory, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, 462002, China.
authors.forename: Yanjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, the Second People's Hospital of Neijiang City, Neijaing, 641000, China.
authors.forename: Haijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Pathological Examination and Research Center, Luohe Medical College, 148 Daxue-Road, Luohe, 462002, China.
authors.forename: Yinpo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Pathological Examination and Research Center, Luohe Medical College, 148 Daxue-Road, Luohe, 462002, China.
authors.forename: Wengang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Teaching and Training, Bethune Military Medical NCO Academy of PLA, Shijiazhuang, 050081, China.
authors.forename: Yonggang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.affiliation: Pathological Examination and Research Center, Luohe Medical College, 148 Daxue-Road, Luohe, 462002, China. lhyzgao@126.com.
authors.forename: Fenglan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C501013:CDK10 protein, human; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
keywords: Breast cancer; CDK10; Immunohistochemistry; Prognosis