title: Prevalence and Determinants of Comorbid Diabetes and Hypertension in Nepal: Evidence from Non Communicable Disease Risk Factors STEPS Survey Nepal 2013.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite being preventable disease, diabetes and hypertension fall among top 10 leading causes of death globally. Diabetes and hypertension are independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and the risk is markedly increased by their co-occurrence.This study attempted to find out the prevalence of comorbid diabetes and hypertension in Nepal.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 4,200 Nepalese adults selected through multistage cluster sampling.Out of 4,200 respondents of larger study, this article includes the analysis of 3,772respondents who granted permission for physical and biochemical measurement. Nepali version of WHO NCD STEPS instrument version 2.2 was used for data collection. In order to obtain national estimates sample weight was used. Chi-square test and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to assess the association of socio-economic predictors with comorbid conditions after adjusting effect of clusters and strata.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of comorbid diabetes and hypertension was found to be 2% in Nepal.Considering age group 15 to 29 years as reference, people in age group 45-69 and 30 to 44 years were found to have 33 folds (AOR=33.06, 95%CI=5.90-185.35) and 6 folds(AOR=6.36, 95%CI=1.08-37.43) higher odds of developing comorbid condition of diabetes and hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of comorbid diabetes and hypertension seem to be high in people of 45-69 years of age. Age and level of education seem to be associated with comorbid diabetes and hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Karki
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Sector Support Programme, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehata
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Aryal
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thapa
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bista
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dhakal
authors.affiliation: Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dhimal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Diabetes; ecological region; hypertension; rural; urban.