title: Optofluidic analysis system for amplification-free, direct detection of Ebola infection.
abstract: The massive outbreak of highly lethal Ebola hemorrhagic fever in West Africa illustrates the urgent need for diagnostic instruments that can identify and quantify infections rapidly, accurately, and with low complexity. Here, we report on-chip sample preparation, amplification-free detection and quantification of Ebola virus on clinical samples using hybrid optofluidic integration. Sample preparation and target preconcentration are implemented on a PDMS-based microfluidic chip (automaton), followed by single nucleic acid fluorescence detection in liquid-core optical waveguides on a silicon chip in under ten minutes. We demonstrate excellent specificity, a limit of detection of 0.2 pfu/mL and a dynamic range of thirteen orders of magnitude, far outperforming other amplification-free methods. This chip-scale approach and reduced complexity compared to gold standard RT-PCR methods is ideal for portable instruments that can provide immediate diagnosis and continued monitoring of infectious diseases at the point-of-care.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Parks
authors.affiliation: ECEn Department, 459 Clyde Building, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.affiliation: ECEn Department, 459 Clyde Building, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stott
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stambaugh
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alfson
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mathies
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carrion
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.affiliation: ECEn Department, 459 Clyde Building, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000235:genetics*; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques