title: Non-invasive Assessments of Adipose Tissue Metabolism In Vitro.
abstract: Adipose tissue engineering is a diverse area of research where the developed tissues can be used to study normal adipose tissue functions, create disease models in vitro, and replace soft tissue defects in vivo. Increasing attention has been focused on the highly specialized metabolic pathways that regulate energy storage and release in adipose tissues which affect local and systemic outcomes. Non-invasive, dynamic measurement systems are useful to track these metabolic pathways in the same tissue model over time to evaluate long term cell growth, differentiation, and development within tissue engineering constructs. This approach reduces costs and time in comparison to more traditional destructive methods such as biochemical and immunochemistry assays and proteomics assessments. Towards this goal, this review will focus on important metabolic functions of adipose tissues and strategies to evaluate them with non-invasive in vitro methods. Current non-invasive methods, such as measuring key metabolic markers and endogenous contrast imaging will be explored.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
authors.forename: Rosalyn D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
authors.forename: Francis E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Borowsky
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Georgakoudi
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA. david.kaplan@tufts.edu.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Non-destructive characterization; Optical imaging; Tissue engineering