title: Novel cerium doped glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties for bone tissue regeneration.
abstract: The aim of this work was to develop a bioactive bone substitute with an effective antibacterial ability based on a cerium (Ce) doped glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite (GR-HA) composite. Developed composites were physicochemically characterized, using x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, SEM, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and flexural bending strength (FBS) tests. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was performed to analyze the oxidation state of Ce in the prepared doped glass. The antimicrobial activity of the composites was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; whether the cytocompatibility profile was assayed with human osteoblastic-like cells (Mg-63 cell line). The results revealed that the Ce inclusion in the GR-HA matrix induced the antimicrobial ability of the composite. In addition, Ce-doped materials reported an adequate biological behavior following seeding of osteoblastic populations, by inducing cell adhesion and proliferation. Developed materials were also found to enhance the expression of osteoblastic-related genes. Overall, the developed GR-HA_Ce composite is a prospective candidate to be used within the clinical scenario with a successful performance due to the effective antibacterial properties and capability of enhancing the osteoblastic cell response.
authors.affiliation: CEMUC, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sooraj Hussain
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002563:Cerium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D004343:Drug Implants; D002563:Cerium; D017886:Durapatite