title: Cross-linked chitosan/liposome hybrid system for the intestinal delivery of quercetin.
abstract: Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties, poorly absorbed when administered orally. To increase its bioavailability and optimize its release in the intestine, a hybrid system made of liposomes coated with cross-linked chitosan, named TPP-chitosomes, was developed and characterized by light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction and Turbiscan® technology. The TPP-chitosomes were nanosized (∼180 nm), fairly spherical in shape and unilamellar. The actual coating of the surface of liposomes with the cross-linked chitosan was demonstrated by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. The release of quercetin in simulated gastric and intestinal pH was investigated, the results showing that the system provided resistance to acidic conditions, and promoted the release in alkaline pH, mimicking the intestinal environment. The proposed hybrid system represents a promising combination of nanovesicles and chitosan for the delivery of quercetin to the intestine in the therapy of oxidative stress/inflammation related disorders.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy. Electronic address: caddeoc@unica.it.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caddeo
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Valencia, Avda Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Centro Mixto Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Universidad de Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Octavio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Díez-Sales
authors.affiliation: Dept. Tecnologia Química i de Tensioactius, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Scienze del Farmaco, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, University of Cagliari, & Unità di Ricerca del Consorzio Nazionale di Scienze e Tecnologie dei Materiali (INSTM), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, SS 554 bivio Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ennas
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Scienze del Farmaco, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Puglisi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fadda
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manconi
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010316:Particle Size; D011794:Quercetin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D008081:Liposomes; D048271:Chitosan; D011794:Quercetin
keywords: Chitosan; Intestinal delivery; Liposomes; Quercetin