title: Roles of sodium hydrosulfide and sodium nitroprusside as priming molecules during drought acclimation in citrus plants.
abstract: Emerging evidence suggests that the gaseous molecules hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) enhances plant acclimation to stress; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we explored if pretreatment of citrus roots with NaHS (a H2S donor) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) for 2 days (d) could elicit long-lasting priming effects to subsequent exposure to PEG-associated drought stress for 21 d following a 5 d acclimation period. Detailed physiological study documented that both pretreatments primed plants against drought stress. Analysis of the level of nitrite, NOx, S-nitrosoglutahione reductase, Tyr-nitration and S-nitrosylation along with the expression of genes involved in NO-generation suggested that the nitrosative status of leaves and roots was altered by NaHS and SNP. Using a proteomic approach we characterized S-nitrosylated proteins in citrus leaves exposed to chemical treatments, including well known and novel S-nitrosylated targets. Mass spectrometry analysis also enabled the identification of 42 differentially expressed proteins in PEG alone-treated plants. Several PEG-responsive proteins were down-regulated, especially photosynthetic proteins. Finally, the identification of specific proteins that were regulated by NaHS and SNP under PEG conditions provides novel insight into long-term drought priming in plants and in a fruit crop such as citrus in particular.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece.
authors.forename: Vasileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ziogas
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tanou
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Proteomics Analysis Center (CAPM), 13916, Marseilles, France.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belghazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Panagiota
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Filippou
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece.
authors.forename: Vasileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fotopoulos
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece.
authors.forename: Diamantidis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grigorios
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece. amolasio@agro.auth.gr.
authors.forename: Athanassios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molassiotis
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D002957:Citrus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055864:Droughts; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010641:Phenotype; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000633:toxicity; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018749:RNA, Plant; D013440:Sulfides; D009599:Nitroprusside; C000595215:Polyethylene Glycol 6000; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C025451:sodium bisulfide; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide
keywords: Citrus; Drought stress; Plant proteomics; Priming; Sodium hydrosulfide; Sodium nitroprusside