title: State of the art: Intraoperative neuromonitoring in spinal deformity surgery.
abstract: Application of deformity correction spinal surgery has increased substantially over the past three decades in parallel with improvements in surgical techniques. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IOM) techniques,including somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), muscle evoked potentials (MEPs), and spontaneous electromyography (free-run EMG), have also improved surgical outcome by reducing the risk of iatrogenic neural injury. In this article, we review IOM techniques and their applications in spinal deformity surgery. We also summarize results of selected studies including hundreds of spinal correction surgeries. These studies indicate that multimodal IOM of both motor and sensory responses is superior to either modality alone for reducing the incidence of neural injury during surgery. J. Med. Invest. 62: 103-108, August, 2015.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tokushima University.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Kosaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higashino
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzue
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishisho
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goda
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Mitsunobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mineta
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Subash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: C Jha
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuta
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sairyo
mesh_terms: D004576:Electromyography; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; D006801:Humans; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D013131:Spine / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*