title: Effect of Surface Nanotopography on Bone Response to Titanium Implant.
abstract: Clinical success of implant therapy is directly related to titanium (Ti) surface properties and the quality of bone tissue. The treatment of Ti implants with H2SO4/H2O2 is a feasible, reproducible, and low-cost technique to create surface nanotopography (Ti-Nano). As this nanotopography induces osteoblast differentiation, we hypothesized that it may affect bone response to Ti. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the bone response to a machined Ti implant treated with H2SO4/H2O2 to generate Ti-Nano and to compare it with a commercially available microtopographic Ti implant (Ti-Porous). Implants were placed in rabbit tibias and evaluated after 2 and 6 weeks, and the bone tissue formed around them was assessed by microtomography to record bone volume, bone surface, specific bone surface, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, and trabecular separation. Undecalcified histological sections were used to determine the percentages of bone-to-implant contact, bone area formed between threads, and bone area formed in the mirror area. At the end of 6 weeks, the removal torque was evaluated using a digital torque gauge. The results showed bone formation in close contact with both Ti-Nano and Ti-Porous implants without relevant morphological and morphometric differences, in addition to a similar removal torque irrespective of surface topography. In conclusion, our results have shown that a simple and low-cost method using H2SO4/H2O2 is highly efficient for creating nanotopography on Ti surfaces, which elicits a similar bone response compared with microtopography presented in a commercially available Ti implant.
authors.affiliation: 1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gileade P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: 1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helena B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: 1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Evandro C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Martins-Neto
authors.affiliation: 2   Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: 2   Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcio M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Beloti
authors.affiliation: 2   Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adalberto L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rosa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015921:Dental Implants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: biocompatibility; bone; dental implant; nanomodified surface; titanium