title: Effect of residual monomer from polyacrylamide on head lettuce grown in peat substrate.
abstract: The paper investigates the migration of the acrylamide monomer (AMD) to lettuce chosen as a test plant growing in an organic medium (peat substrate). Polyacrylamide (PAM)-based flocculant added to the growing medium contained no more than 1000 mg kg(-1) of AMD. Plants were grown with varied doses of PAM preparation (0.5-3.0 mg dm(-3) of peat substrate) to compare the results with the control sample. The determination of AMD content, chlorophyll content, weight of the lettuce head, and also analysis of macro- and micro-elements in lyophilised test material was made under the same analytical conditions. The results showed that lettuce plants absorb AMD to the leaves from the peat substrate. The AMD uptake has a negative impact on the growth of lettuce. It reduces the average fresh weight of heads and destabilises the mineral composition of the plant. Therefore, concern related to the transfer risk of the residual AMD from sludge used for organic fertilisation of edible plants still remains a crucial question from a food and consumer safety point of view. To ensure consumer safety, the fate of the AMD following the application of PAM to cropland should be carefully monitored in the whole food chain.
authors.affiliation: a Department Food Quality Management , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznan , Poland.
authors.forename: Ewelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mroczek
authors.affiliation: b Department of Plant Nutrition , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kleiber
authors.affiliation: a Department Food Quality Management , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznan , Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Konieczny
authors.affiliation: c Department of Chemistry , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Waśkiewicz
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005427:Flocculation; D059022:Food Safety; D006801:Humans; D018545:Lactuca / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099166:Polyacrylamides
chemical_list: D020106:Acrylamide; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D002734:Chlorophyll; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000099166:Polyacrylamides
keywords: acrylamide monomer; flocculants; food safety; lettuce; peat substrate; plants nutrition