title: Examining the psychometric properties of the brief 'Menopausal Symptoms Distress Affecting Sleep Quality Scale'.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the psychometric properties of the Menopausal Symptoms Distress Affecting Sleep Quality Scale.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Sleep disturbances are an extensive and common problem among menopausal women. However, no unique and specific scale has yet been developed to detect the inductive symptoms distresses that cause poor sleep quality for menopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional design.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Menopausal Symptoms Distress Affecting Sleep Quality Scale was based on in-depth interviews with menopausal women and literature review. Convenience sampling was employed. One hundred and fifty three women participated in this study. Exploratory factor analysis, concurrent validity and contrasting group validity were used to examine the validity of the Menopausal Symptoms Distress Affecting Sleep Quality Scale. Cronbach's α was conducted to test the reliability. The accuracy of the scale was analysed with the receiver operating characteristic from MED CALC version 10.4.8.0 software. The scale's sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were analysed to locate the best cut-off point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One factor was generated by Exploratory factor analysis, and this factor explained 49·07% of total variance. In addition, the Menopausal Symptoms Distress Affecting Sleep Quality Scale had significant positive correlations with the Greene Climacteric Scale and the self-evaluation of menopausal symptoms scale. Cronbach's α of the Menopausal Symptoms Distress Affecting Sleep Quality Scale was 0·89. Moreover, the diagnostic accuracy probability of the scale's receiver operating characteristic curve was 0·85. The best cut-off point was three with a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 87%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Menopausal Symptoms Distress Affecting Sleep Quality Scale had good reliability and validity, as well as refined indicators for assessing the tool's accuracy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Menopausal Symptoms Distress Affecting Sleep Quality Scale is easy to use, can quickly detect the sleep conditions of menopausal women who suffer from menopausal symptom distress, and provide efficient nursing interventions to relieve menopausal symptom distresses, and then improve sleep quality.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Health Care, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Chin
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Hsiang
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Health Care, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Whei-Mei
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lee-Ing
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Tsao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D063189:Symptom Assessment
keywords: diagnostic accuracy; menopausal distress symptoms; negative predictive value; positive predictive value; psychometric properties; quality of sleep; reliability; sensitivity; specificity; validity