title: Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with pregnancy.
abstract: This review is focused on the epidemiology of venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), associated with pregnancy. Superficial vein thrombosis, a less hazardous and less studied type of thrombosis in pregnant women, is beyond the scope of this review. This study discusses the VTE incidence rate in women from developed countries for both antepartum and postpartum periods and for subpopulations of women affected by additional risk factors, such as thrombophilias, circulatory diseases, preeclampsia of varying degrees of severity, and Caesarean section. To minimize bias due to historical changes in medical and obstetric practices, lifestyle, diet, etc., this review is generally limited to relatively recent studies, i.e., those that cover the last 35 years. The absolute risk or incidence rate was used to ascertain risk of VTE associated with pregnancy. For the studies where the direct incidence rates of VTE were not reported, we calculated an estimate of the observed but not reported absolute incidence rates using the data presented in respective articles.
authors.affiliation: US Food and Drug Administration, Office of Blood Research and Review, CBER, Silver Spring, Maryland.|LLС Hematological Corporation, Moscow, Russia.|Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Leonid A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Parunov
authors.affiliation: LLС Hematological Corporation, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Natalia P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Soshitova
authors.affiliation: US Food and Drug Administration, Office of Blood Research and Review, CBER, Silver Spring, Maryland.
authors.forename: Mikhail V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Ovanesov
authors.affiliation: Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia.|Oncology and Immunology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Mikhail A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Panteleev
authors.affiliation: LLС Hematological Corporation, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Ilya I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Serebriyskiy
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: deep vein thrombosis; pregnancy; pregnant women; pulmonary embolism; venous thromboembolism