title: Epigenetics in the Vascular Endothelium: Looking From a Different Perspective in the Epigenomics Era.
abstract: Cardiovascular diseases are commonly thought to be complex, non-Mendelian diseases that are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. A growing body of evidence suggests that epigenetic pathways play a key role in vascular biology and might be involved in defining and transducing cardiovascular disease inheritability. In this review, we argue the importance of epigenetics in vascular biology, especially from the perspective of endothelial cell phenotype. We highlight and discuss the role of epigenetic modifications across the transcriptional unit of protein-coding genes, especially the role of intragenic chromatin modifications, which are underappreciated and not well characterized in the current era of genome-wide studies. Importantly, we describe the practical application of epigenetics in cardiovascular disease therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Biophysics (M.S.Y., P.A.M.) and Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital (M.S.Y., P.A.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medical Biophysics (M.S.Y., P.A.M.) and Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital (M.S.Y., P.A.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. p.marsden@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Philip A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Marsden
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008745:Methylation; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: C561518:CDKN2B antisense RNA, human; D006657:Histones; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
keywords: DNA methylation; RNA; cardiovascular diseases; endothelial cells; epigenomics; long noncoding