title: Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: A Focus on Risk Assessment for Prevention.
abstract: Drugs are the third to fifth leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients following sepsis and hypotension. Susceptibilities and exposures for development of AKI have been identified, and some are modifiable allowing for the possibility of AKI prevention or mitigation of AKI severity. Using drug therapies for prevention of AKI has been attempted but with little success in human studies, so we must rely on risk-assessment strategies for prevention. The purpose of this article is to review the risk factors, risk-assessment strategies, prevention, and management of drug-induced AKI with emphasis on risk assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, 918 Salk Hall, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Center for Critical Care Nephology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Electronic address: SLK54@pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Sandra L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Kane-Gill
authors.affiliation: Center for Acute Care Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7022, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Stuart L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Acute kidney injury; Drug-induced acute kidney injury; Drug-related side effects and adverse drug reactions; Prevention; Risk assessment; Risk factors