title: Molecular and clinical implementations of ovarian cancer mouse avatar models.
abstract: Innovation in oncology drug development has been hindered by lack of preclinical models that reliably predict clinical activity of novel therapies in cancer patients. Increasing desire for individualize treatment of patients with cancer has led to an increase in the use of patient-derived xenografts (PDX) engrafted into immune-compromised mice for preclinical modeling. Large numbers of tumor-specific PDX models have been established and proved to be powerful tools in pre-clinical testing. A subset of PDXs, referred to as Avatars, establish tumors in an orthotopic and treatment naïve fashion that may represent the most clinical relevant model of individual human cancers. This review will discuss ovarian cancer (OC) PDX models demonstrating the opportunities and limitations of these models in cancer drug development, and describe concepts of clinical trials design in Avatar guided therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Amira A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zayed
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Sumithra J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Mandrekar
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. haluska.paul@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haluska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods; D012107:Research Design; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
keywords: Ovarian cancer (OC); clinical trial design; model systems; patient-derived xenografts (PDX); personalized medicine; xenograft models