title: Matrix metalloproteinase-10: a novel biomarker for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and MMP-7 has been described as a useful biomarker for IPF. However, little is known regarding the significance of MMP-10 as a biomarker for IPF.
  
  
  METHODS
  This observational cohort study included 57 patients with IPF. Serum MMPs were comprehensively measured in all patients, and the relationships between these markers and both disease severity and prognosis were evaluated. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) MMP-7 and -10 levels were measured in 19 patients to investigate the correlation between these markers and their corresponding serum values. Immunohistochemical staining for MMP-10 was also performed in IPF lung tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum MMP-7 and -10 levels correlated significantly with both the percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (ρ = -0.31, p = 0.02 and ρ = -0.34, p < 0.01, respectively) and the percentage of predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (ρ = -0.32, p = 0.02 and ρ = -0.43, p < 0.01, respectively). BALF MMP-7 and -10 levels correlated with their corresponding serum concentrations. Only serum MMP-10 predicted clinical deterioration within 6 months and overall survival. In IPF lungs, the expression of MMP-10 was enhanced and localized to the alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages, and peripheral bronchiolar epithelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MMP-10 may be a novel biomarker reflecting both disease severity and prognosis in patients with IPF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. asokai@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sokai
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. hanta@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Handa
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. tanizawa@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kiminobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. ogato@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oga
authors.affiliation: Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, Kyoto, Japan. kazukouno@louis-pasteur.or.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. tsuruyam@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tatsuaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. tkubo@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. koikezoe@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikezoe
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. yosnaka@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshinari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakatsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. kaztani@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. smuro@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. t_hirai@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toyohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.affiliation: Kyoto Central Clinic/Clinical Research Center, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan. nagai@chuo-c.jp.
authors.forename: Sonoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. chink@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. mishima@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mishima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054990:Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D053506:Matrix Metalloproteinase 10 / Q000097:blood*; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D011653:Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014797:Vital Capacity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C511770:MMP10 protein, human; D053506:Matrix Metalloproteinase 10; C060932:MMP7 protein, human; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7