title: Spatial and seasonal variations of trace elements concentrations in liver and muscle of round Sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) and Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) along the Senegalese coast.
abstract: Concentrations of 11 elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se,V and Zn) were quantified in liver and muscle from two commercially important fish species from the Senegalese coast. The fish, a small pelagic species (the round sardinella) and a benthic species (the Senegalese sole) were collected from five sites during the dry and wet seasons in 2013. For both species, elements were more concentrated in liver than in muscle. There was no clear seasonal pattern in concentration of elements, however inter-site differences were observed. We found significant differences in element concentrations between the two studied species, likely associated with their behavior, feeding and habitat use. The concentrations of Cd, Fe, and Pb were significantly higher in sardinella whereas concentration of As, Cu, Cr, Mn and Se were highest in sole. The concentration of cadmium was particularly high in the liver of sardinella (from 0.9 to 56 mg kg(-1), with a mean ± sd of 17.2 ± 11.5 mg kg(-1)) and may be related to anthropogenic pressure such as the phosphate industry but also to the upwelling current which brings dissolved elements to the surface that are taken up by plankton. The results showed that concentrations of Cd and Pb were below the limit values established by the European Community and pose no threat to public health.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG), ULCO, 62930 Wimereux, France; Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie (LTH), UCAD, 5005 Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Mamadou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diop
authors.affiliation: Centre Universitaire de Mesure et d'Analyse (CUMA), Université de Lille, 59006, France.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Howsam
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie (LTH), UCAD, 5005 Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Cheikh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diop
authors.affiliation: Centre Commun de Mesure (CCM), ULCO, 59140 Dunkerque, France.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cazier
authors.affiliation: Centre Universitaire de Mesure et d'Analyse (CUMA), Université de Lille, 59006, France.
authors.forename: Jean F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie (LTH), UCAD, 5005 Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Amadou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diouf
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG), ULCO, 62930 Wimereux, France. Electronic address: rachid.amara@univ-littoral.fr.
authors.forename: Rachid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005412:Flatfishes; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry*; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D012675:Senegal; D062206:Spatial Analysis; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Elements; Pollution; Sardinella; Senegal; Solea