title: Applications of Local Antibiotics in Orthopedic Trauma.
abstract: Local antibiotics have a role in orthopedic trauma for both infection prophylaxis and treatment. They provide the advantage of high local antibiotic concentration without excessive systemic levels. Nonabsorbable polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is a popular antibiotic carrier, but absorbable options including bone graft, bone graft substitutes, and polymers have gained acceptance. Simple aqueous antibiotic solutions continue to be investigated and appear to be clinically effective. For established infections, such as osteomyelitis, a combination of surgical debridement with local and systemic antibiotics seems to represent the most effective treatment at this time. Further investigation of more effective local antibiotic utilization is ongoing.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, PO Box 800159, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0159, USA.
authors.forename: Jourdan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cancienne
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, PO Box 800159, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0159, USA.
authors.forename: M Tyrrell
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Burrus
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, PO Box 800159, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0159, USA.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, PO Box 800159, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0159, USA. Electronic address: SRY2J@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Seth R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Yarboro
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004337:Drug Carriers
keywords: Antibiotics; Bead; Infection; Local; Prophylaxis; Trauma