title: In Vitro Antioxidant Activities and in Vivo Anti-Hypoxic Activity of the Edible Mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing. Chaidam.
abstract: With the rising awareness of a healthy lifestyle, natural functional foods have gained much interest as promising alternatives to synthetic functional drugs. Recently, wild Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing. Chaidam has been found and artificially cultivated for its thick fresh body and excellent taste, with its antioxidant and anti-hypoxic abilities unknown. In this work, the antioxidant potential of its methanolic, 55% ethanolic, aqueous extracts and crude polysaccharide was evaluated in different systems. The results showed that polysaccharide was the most effective in scavenging ability on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, metal chelating activity and reducing power, with EC50 values of 0.02, 2.79, 1.29, and 1.82 mg/mL, respectively. Therefore, we further studied the anti-hypoxic activity of crude polysaccharide. The results turned out that polysaccharide (300 mg/kg) prolonged the survival time, decreased the blood urea nitrogen and lactic acid content as well as increased the liver glycogen significantly, compared with the blank control and the commercialized product Hongjingtian (p < 0.05). With such excellent activities, we purified the polysaccharide and analyzed its molecular weight (120 kDa) as well as monosaccharide components (glucose, fructose and mannose). This study indicated that wild Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing. Chaidam had strong potential to be exploited as an effective natural functional food to relieve oxidative and hypoxia stresses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. 21313060@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hong-Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Biology Science, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China. lschy1963@126.com.
authors.forename: Hai-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. 11213025@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lin-Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. jzhihua@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. chenqh@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qi-He
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China. jyc_22@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Jiao
mesh_terms: D000364:Agaricus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000860:Hypoxia; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical
keywords: Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing. Chaidam; anti-hypoxic activity; antioxidant activity