title: Acupoint Catgut Embedding for Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
abstract: Acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) was applied widely to antiweight in China. The aim of this review is to estimate the effectiveness and safety of ACE on obesity. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBASE, CNKI, and so forth, using combination subject terms of obesity (or overweight, weight loss, etc.) and acupoint catgut embedding (or catgut implantation, catgut embedding). Improvement rate, reduction of body weight and body mass index (BMI), and so forth were analyzed. 43 studies were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. Although with poor methodological quality, ACE was superior to manual acupuncture (MA), sham, and cupping in improvement rate and presented a better tendency (OR > 1) compared with drugs and electroacupuncture (EA). Mean values of weight loss by ACE were 1.14 kg, 1.26 kg, 1.79 kg, and 3.01 kg comparing with MA, drugs, EA, and sham, respectively. Mean of BMI reduced to 0.56 kg/m(2), 0.83 kg/m(2), 0.79 kg/m(2), and 1.63 kg/m(2) comparing with MA, drugs, EA, and sham. Less adverse effects were reported. Pooled outcomes presented a tendency of equal or superior effects to other interventions and fewer side effects. Future high quality trials with rigorous design and positive FDA approved drug as control are urgent to assess the effect of ACE for obesity. PROSPERO registration number is as follows: CRD42015016006.
authors.affiliation: School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Taipin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
authors.forename: Yulan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.affiliation: Yunnan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tianxiao
authors.affiliation: School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
authors.forename: Fanrong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liang