title: Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease Over 12 Years at a Tertiary Center.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease over a 12-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was used to identify VKH patients, from January 1999 to December 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 154 patients (308 eyes) were diagnosed with VKH. The mean age at diagnosis was 33.8 ± 13 years. Mean baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/125; (0.8 ± 0.6 logMAR). Recurrent episodes occurred in 107 (54%) patients. Oral prednisone was administered in all patients. At the last visit, the mean BCVA was 20/50 (0.4 ± 0.7 logMAR). The most common complications post-treatment were: glaucoma [104 (33.8%) eyes] and cataract [84 (27.2%) eyes].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Saudi Arabia, VKH-related uveitis is predominant in young females. Bilateral panuveitis is the most common ocular manifestation and near 50% of eyes present with exudative retinal detachment. Oral prednisone was the primary treatment and the majority of eyes maintained 20/50 or better vision.
authors.affiliation: a Retina Division , Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA .|b Vitreoretinal and Uveitis Division , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and.
authors.forename: J Fernando
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Arevalo
authors.affiliation: c Retina and Vitreous Service, Clinica Privada de Ojos , Mar del Plata , Argentina.
authors.forename: Andres F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Lasave
authors.affiliation: b Vitreoretinal and Uveitis Division , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and.
authors.forename: Vishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: b Vitreoretinal and Uveitis Division , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kozak
authors.affiliation: a Retina Division , Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA .
authors.forename: Mosa Barakat
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Al Harbi
authors.affiliation: b Vitreoretinal and Uveitis Division , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and.
authors.forename: Abdulaziz Adel
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al Rushood
authors.affiliation: b Vitreoretinal and Uveitis Division , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and.
authors.forename: Hassan A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Al Dhibi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014607:Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011239:Prednisolone; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid
keywords: Panuveitis; Saudi Arabia; Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease; prednisone; uveitis