title: Bordetella filamentous hemagglutinin and fimbriae: critical adhesins with unrealized vaccine potential.
abstract: Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease that is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which is transmitted exclusively from human to human. While vaccination against B. pertussis has been successful, replacement of the whole cell vaccine with an acellular component vaccine has correlated with reemergence of the disease, especially in adolescents and infants. Based on their presumed importance in mediating adherence to host tissues, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and fimbria (FIM) were selected as components of most acellular pertussis vaccines. In this review, we describe the biogenesis of FHA and FIM, recent data that show that these factors do, in fact, play critical roles in adherence to respiratory epithelium, and evidence that they also contribute to persistence in the lower respiratory tract by modulating the host immune response. We also discuss shortcomings of whole cell and acellular pertussis vaccines and the possibility that FHA and FIM could serve as effective protective antigens in next-generation vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7290, USA.
authors.forename: Erich V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Scheller
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7290, USA pcotter@med.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Peggy A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cotter
mesh_terms: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001886:Bordetella pertussis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; C065273:filamentous hemagglutinin adhesin, Bordetella pertussis
keywords: Bordetella pertussis; filamentous hemagglutinin; fimbriae; immunity