title: Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Aging, and Anti-Melanogenic Properties of the Essential Oils from Two Varieties of Alpinia zerumbet.
abstract: Here, we investigated the anti-oxidant and anti-aging effects of essential oils (EOs) from the leaves of Alpinia zerumbet (tairin and shima) in vitro and anti-melanogenic effects in B16F10 melanoma cells. The anti-oxidant activities were performed with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH); 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS); nitric oxide; singlet oxygen; hydroxyl radical scavenging; and xanthine oxidase. The inhibitory activities against collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase, and tyrosinase were employed for anti-aging. The anti-melanogenic was assessed in B16F10 melanoma cells by melanin synthesis and intracellular tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The volatile chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The EO was a complex mixture mainly consisting of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The results revealed that tairin and shima EOs showed strong anti-oxidant activities against DPPH and nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and xanthine oxidase inhibition. Compared to shima EO; tairin EO exhibited strong anti-aging activity by inhibiting collagenase, tyrosinase, hyaluronidase, and elastase (IC50 = 11 ± 0.1; 25 ± 1.2; 83 ± 1.6; and 213 ± 2 μg/mL, respectively). Both EOs inhibited intracellular tyrosinase activity; thus, reducing melanin synthesis. These results suggest that tairin EO has better anti-oxidant/anti-aging activity than shima EO, but both are equally anti-melanogenic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan. ptbetu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Pham Thi Be
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0129, Japan. b986097@agr.u-ryukyu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shinkichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tawata
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D032429:Alpinia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008543:Melanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008543:Melanins; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase
keywords: Alpinia zerumbet; anti-aging; anti-melanogenic; anti-oxidant; essential oil