title: Reliability and Validity of a Chinese Version of Urinary Tract Infection Symptom Assessment Questionnaire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our study evaluates the reliability and validity of a Chinese version of the Urinary Tract Infection Symptom Assessment questionnaire (UTISA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Our study enrolled women who were diagnosed with uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) at clinics. The Chinese version of UTISA was completed upon first visit to the clinic for uUTI and at 1-week follow-up. We enrolled 124 age-matched women without uUTI from the community as the control group. The UTISA consists of 14 items (seven symptom items and seven related to quality of life), with each item scoring 0 to 3. The internal consistency was assessed with Chronbach's alpha test. Factor analysis was used to classify symptoms into latent factors. The predictive validity was analyzed by using logistic regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean total symptom scores of the UTISA in the 169 cases and 124 controls were 8.9 ± 4.6 and 1.4 ± 2.4, respectively (p < 0.01). The alpha coefficient was 0.77, showing a homogeneous composition of symptoms. At a cut-off value of greater than 3, the UTISA symptom score had good predictive value for uUTI (sensitivity of 87.0%, and specificity of 93.1%). Factor analysis revealed two latent variables: 1) lower urinary tract symptoms and 2) physical symptoms. Among the seven items, we found that urinary frequency (OR = 2.6), dysuria (OR = 5.0), sense of incomplete emptying (OR=2.0), and hematuria (OR=7.6) were significant predictors for uUTI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Chinese version of UTISA is reliable to predict uncomplicated UTI in women with an optimal cut-off point at > 3.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei Taiwan and Medical College of Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shang-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei Taiwan and Medical College of Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Da
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei Taiwan and Medical College of Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsing
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei Taiwan and Medical College of Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Buh
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Ni
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei Taiwan and Medical College of Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Stephen Shei-Dei
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D053159:Dysuria / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011788:Quality of Life; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D063189:Symptom Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D014177:Translations; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology