title: Hearing loss assessment in primary and secondary acquired cholesteatoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acquired middle ear cholesteatoma can be classified as primary or secondary. Although both can result in hearing loss, it is still controversial whether there is an association between the type of cholesteatoma and the degree of hearing loss.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the association between hearing loss and the type of acquired cholesteatoma, and the status of the ossicular chain.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional historical cohort study involving patients diagnosed with acquired cholesteatoma who were surgically treated. Air and bone conduction thresholds, air-bone gaps and the status of the ossicular chain were analyzed for both types of cholesteatoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty patients aged 5-57 were included in the study. Fifty-one patients had primary cholesteatoma and 29 had secondary cholesteatoma. Both types of cholesteatoma determined greater air-bone gaps at 0.5kHz. Secondary cholesteatoma determined greater hearing loss in all analyzed frequencies and higher air conduction and air-bone gap means.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was association between hearing loss and the type of cholesteatoma. Secondary cholesteatoma resulted in greater hearing impairment.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: juolsen@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Julia Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando de Andrade Quintanilha
authors.initials: Fde A
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Mieko Mendes
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivan Taylor Ribeiro
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: dos Santos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Audiometria; Audiometry; Cholesteatoma; Colesteatoma; Hearing loss; Otite média supurativa; Perda auditiva; Suppurative otitis media