title: Bioactive Egg Components and Inflammation.
abstract: Inflammation is a normal acute response of the immune system to pathogens and tissue injury. However, chronic inflammation is known to play a significant role in the pathophysiology of numerous chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Thus, the impact of dietary factors on inflammation may provide key insight into mitigating chronic disease risk. Eggs are recognized as a functional food that contain a variety of bioactive compounds that can influence pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways. Interestingly, the effects of egg consumption on inflammation varies across different populations, including those that are classified as healthy, overweight, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetic. The following review will discuss the pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of egg components, with a focus on egg phospholipids, cholesterol, the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin, and bioactive proteins. The effects of egg consumption of inflammation across human populations will additionally be presented. Together, these findings have implications for population-specific dietary recommendations and chronic disease risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA. candersen@fairfield.edu.
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015387:Egg Proteins, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004531:Eggs / Q000009:adverse effects; D055951:Functional Food / Q000009:adverse effects; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D015387:Egg Proteins, Dietary; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: bioactive proteins; cholesterol; eggs; healthy adults; inflammation; lutein; metabolic syndrome; phospholipids; type 2 diabetes mellitus