title: Recent advances in transcatheter aortic valve replacement for high-risk patients.
abstract: Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease of old age. Patients with severe aortic stenosis who develop symptoms have a very poor prognosis without valve intervention. Surgical aortic valve replacement has historically been the only treatment option for these patients. However a significant minority are considered inoperable or at high surgical risk and therefore are refused or decline surgery. In recent years, transcatheter aortic valve replacement has emerged as an alternative treatment option in these high-risk patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the current role of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in contemporary clinical practice including recent advances in technological and procedural aspects and then discuss future directions.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mangieri
authors.affiliation: a 1 Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Damiano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Regazzoli
authors.affiliation: a 1 Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy.|b 2 Imperial College, London, UK.|c 3 Interventional Cardiology Unit, EMO-GVM Centro Cuore Columbus, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruparelia
authors.affiliation: a 1 Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy.|c 3 Interventional Cardiology Unit, EMO-GVM Centro Cuore Columbus, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.affiliation: a 1 Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy.|c 3 Interventional Cardiology Unit, EMO-GVM Centro Cuore Columbus, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Azeem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Latib
mesh_terms: D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012306:Risk; D065467:Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / Q000379:methods*
keywords: TAVR; Transcatheter aortic valve replacement; aortic stenosis