title: The temporal expression patterns of fibronectin and its receptors-α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins on blood vessels after cerebral ischemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We previously demonstrated that 7 days post-ischemia, angiogenic vessels in the ischemic penumbra show strong upregulation of fibronectin (Fn) and its receptors, α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins. The aim of the current study was to precisely define the time-course of angiogenic responses and glial activation following experimental ischemia in the mouse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male C57Bl/6 mice were subject to 90 minutes of ischemia by temporary occlusion of the middle cerebral artery followed by reperfusion. Vascular remodeling and glial activation were then examined in the brains of these mice after 0, 1, 2, 4, 7 and 14 days post-ischemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunofluorescent studies demonstrated that in the ischemic penumbra, blood vessel density increased up to day 14. In contrast, within the ischemic core, vessel density declined, reaching a low point at day 4, but then started to increase. In the penumbra, expression of Fn and the α5 and β3 integrins peaked at day 7, and this coincided exactly with maximal endothelial proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that upregulation of the Fn-α5β1/αVβ3 integrin axis on blood vessels stimulates BEC proliferation at an early stage of angiogenesis post-ischemia. This could form the basis of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting angiogenesis following cerebral ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Guangdong Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang, P. R. China.|Department of Neurology, Taishan People's Hospital, Taishan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qijuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Guangdong Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fuxin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Guangdong Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Milner
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Gongli Hospital, Pudong New District, Shanghai, P. R. China.|Department of Neurology, Guangdong Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Longxuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007839:Functional Laterality; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; D039081:Integrin alpha5beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017628:Microglia / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D039081:Integrin alpha5beta1; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3
keywords: Cerebral ischemia; angiogenesis; endothelial proliferation; fibronectin; glia; integrin