title: Study of smartphone suitability for mapping of skin chromophores.
abstract: RGB (red-green-blue) technique for mapping skin chromophores by smartphones is proposed and studied. Three smartphones of different manufacturers were tested on skin phantoms and in vivo on benign skin lesions using a specially designed light source for illumination. Hemoglobin and melanin indices obtained by these smartphones showed differences in both tests. In vitro tests showed an increment of hemoglobin and melanin indices with the concentration of chromophores in phantoms. In vivo tests indicated higher hemoglobin index in hemangiomas than in nevi and healthy skin, and nevi showed higher melanin index compared to the healthy skin. Smartphones that allow switching off the automatic camera settings provided useful data, while those with “embedded” automatic settings appear to be useless for distant skin chromophore mapping.
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, Biophotonics Laboratory, Raina Boulevard 19, Riga LV-1586, Latvia.
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kuzmina
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, Biophotonics Laboratory, Raina Boulevard 19, Riga LV-1586, Latvia.
authors.forename: Matiss
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lacis
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, Biophotonics Laboratory, Raina Boulevard 19, Riga LV-1586, Latvia.
authors.forename: Janis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spigulis
authors.affiliation: The Clinic of Laser Plastics, Baznicas Street 31, Riga LV-1010, Latvia.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berzina
authors.affiliation: Beauty Clinic "4th Dimension", Pulkveza Brieza Street 15, Riga LV-1010, Latvia.
authors.forename: Lauma
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valeine
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D009506:Nevus / Q000473:pathology; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D000068997:Smartphone