title: Endocannabinoids and the Endocrine System in Health and Disease.
abstract: Some of the earliest reports of the effects of cannabis consumption on humans were related to endocrine system changes. In this review, the effects of cannabinoids and the role of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor in the regulation of the following endocrine systems are discussed: the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, prolactin and oxytocin, thyroid hormone and growth hormone, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Preclinical and human study results are presented.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. chillard@mcw.edu.
authors.forename: Cecilia J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hillard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D063388:Endocannabinoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007774:Lactation / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000378:metabolism; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D063388:Endocannabinoids; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D010121:Oxytocin; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone
keywords: Corticosterone; Gonadotropin; Gonadotropin-releasing hormone; Growth hormone; HPA axis; Oxytocin; Prolactin; Testosterone; Thyroid hormone