title: Evaluation of sleep in women with menopause: results of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and polysomnography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate subjective sleep quality among women in the menopausal period and to confirm and diagnose the possible sleep disturbances with polysomnographic (PSG) evaluation objectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-seven women with menopause were enrolled in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics and the features of menopause were recorded. We assessed subjective sleep quality with Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). To confirm sleep disturbances and further diagnose the underlying cause, PSG evaluation was performed to women with PSQI scores of >5 who gave their approval.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean PSQI score of women with normal PSG evaluation was 12.00±3.16, while it was 11.00±2.32 in women with abnormal PSG evaluation (p=0.466); 59.7% (n=40) of women had poor sleep quality. Among these, 11 (64.7%) had abnormal results in the PSG evaluation and were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS); 54.5% had mild OSAS, 27.3% had moderate, and 18.2% had severe OSAS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PSQI and PSG evaluations would give a chance to demonstrate sleep problems and shed a light on treatment options according to the underlying causes of sleep disturbances in menopause.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kağan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ağan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Özmerdivenli
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yıldız
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Değirmenci
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çağlar
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Başbuğ
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Disease, Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ege Güleç
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Balbay
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sungur
keywords: Menopause; Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index; polysomnography; sleep disturbance