title: Chylothorax associated with child abuse.
abstract: We report a case of right chylothorax associated with physical abuse in a 10-month-old boy who presented with respiratory decompensation. Chylothorax was improved by thoracic drainage and nutrition management, such as fasting followed by medium-chain triglyceride milk. Chest computed tomography on admission showed bilateral old rib fractures. Accordingly, physical abuse was suspected. Chylothorax of unknown cause in infancy, especially in those with coexisting rib fractures, must be scrutinized for child abuse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kodai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.affiliation: General Medicine, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiro
mesh_terms: D015505:Chest Tubes; D002649:Child Abuse; D002916:Chylothorax / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D013898:Thoracic Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: child abuse; chylothorax; intrathoracic injury; rib fracture