title: Association of Serum Magnesium Deficiency with Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance (IR) is the key pathophysiological defect that leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to estimate serum magnesium level and insulin sensitivity indices among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to see an association between them.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was carried out among 38 type 2 diabetic patients and forty age and sex matched controls. Serum fasting glucose, magnesium, insulin, urea, and creatinine levels were estimated. Insulin sensitivity indices, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) levels were calculated as per formulae.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A highly significant low serum magnesium level was found in diabetic subjects as compared to the controls. Statistically significant high HOMA levels (>2.6) and low QUICKI levels (<0.33) were found among the case group. An inverse, statistically significant correlation was found between serum magnesium and fasting insulin level. A highly statistically significant inverse correlation was found between serum magnesium and HOMA level, and a positive correlation was found between serum magnesium and QUICKI level, that is, serum magnesium level decreases with increase in IR. A strong association was also found between fasting serum insulin level and insulin sensitivity indices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed a lower serum magnesium level in diabetic patients compared to control. A strong association was also found between serum magnesium level and insulin sensitivity indices. For proper management of type 2 diabetes, it may, therefore, be necessary to treat hypomagnesemia in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, North East Indira Gandhi Institute of Health and Medical Science, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
authors.forename: Happy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chutia
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine, North East Indira Gandhi Institute of Health and Medical Science, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
authors.forename: Kyrshanlang G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Lynrah
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; insulin resistance; magnesium; quantitative insulin sensitivity check index