title: Bioaccumulation of animal adenoviruses in the pink shrimp.
abstract: Adenoviruses are among the most promising viral markers of fecal contamination. They are frequently found in the water, sediment and soil of regions impacted by human activity. Studies of the bioaccumulation of enteric viruses in shrimp are scarce. The cities located in the northern coast of the lake systems in Southern Brazil have high urbanization and intensive farming rates, and poor sewage collection and treatment. One hundred (n = 100) Farfantepenaeus paulensis pink-shrimp specimens and 48 water samples were collected from coastal lagoons between June 2012 and May 2013. Water samples were concentrated and the shrimp, mashed. After DNA extraction, samples were analyzed by real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in order to detect and quantify viral genomes. Thirty-five percent of shrimp samples were positive for contamination, predominantly by avian adenoviruses. A total of 91.7% of water samples contained adenoviruses DNA, with the human form being the most frequent. Our results provided evidence of significant bioaccumulation of adenoviruses in shrimp, showing the extent of the impact of fecal pollution on aquatic ecosystems.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Roger B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Staggemeier
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Rafael B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Fabres
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Mayra C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Fernanda G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia e Microscopia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Imbé, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Raoni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia e Microscopia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Imbé, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Ivone V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Fausto
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rigotto
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Larissa S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Heinzelmann
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Andréia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henzel
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Juliane D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Fleck
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil .
authors.forename: Fernando R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Spilki
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D017753:Ecosystem; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology*; D005843:Geography; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000821:virology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012722:Sewage / Q000821:virology; D014876:Water Pollution
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage
keywords: Farfantepenaeus paulensis; Northern Coast of Rio Grande do Sul; adenovirus; pink-shrimp; water quality