title: Evaluation of serum interleukin-10 levels as a predictor of glycemic alteration in chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic periodontal disease (CPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) share common pathogenic pathways. This study aimed to estimate levels of serum interleukin (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine also associated with T2DM and evaluate its association with hyperglycemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This investigation involved sixty participants divided into four groups comprising 15 participants each: Group 1 (healthy controls), Group 2 (CPD patients), Group 3 (T2DM patients with CPD) and Group 4 (T2DM patients). Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depths (PPD), clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing, random blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum IL-10 was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interleukin-10 was detected in all four groups. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed in most of the variables in all groups. IL-10 correlated significantly with PPD in Group 1 and with HbA1c in Group 4. IL-10 regressed with PPD in Group 1 and with HbA1c in Group 4. IL-10 levels were lower in Group 3 when compared with Group 4 and was lowest in Group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low IL-10 levels associated with high HbA1c. Pathogenic mechanisms of CPD seem to regulate IL-10. Serum IL-10 levels may be one of the predictors of glycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, S.D.M. College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Anirudh Balakrishna
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Acharya
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, S.D.M. College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Srinath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, S.D.M. College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Mahadevayya Veerayya
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Muddapur
keywords: Chronic periodontitis; diabetes mellitus; glycosylated; hemoglobin A; interleukin-10; type 2