title: The Relation Between Anticipatory Anxiety and Movement During an MR Examination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination, patients are required to remain still to minimize motion that may compromise image quality and may make rescanning necessary. It is often assumed that anxiety, which is experienced by a considerable number of patients undergoing an MR examination, increases motion and decreases image quality. The present study explores the relationship between anxiety and movement of patients during an MR examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anxiety was measured subjectively by means of the State Anxiety Inventory and a visual analogue scale for claustrophobia. Motion and image quality were measured in three different ways. First, software was used that allows an estimation of motion based on tracker scans between the clinical scans. Second, the MRI technician who performed the MR examination was asked to indicate the degree of motion artifacts and image quality for each patient. Third, after all scans had been collected, two radiologists evaluated each clinical scan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No or low correlations between anxiety and the distinct measures of motion and image quality were found for all three measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This finding shows that there is little evidence for the assumption that anxiety increases motion and decreases image quality during an MR examination.
authors.affiliation: Philips Research Laboratories Europe High Tech Campus 34 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands. Electronic address: laura.klaming@philips.com.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klaming
authors.affiliation: Philips Research Laboratories Europe High Tech Campus 34 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daisy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Minde
authors.affiliation: Philips Research Laboratories Europe High Tech Campus 34 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weda
authors.affiliation: Philips Technologie GmbH Innovative Technologies Research Laboratories Röntgenstrasse 24-26 22335 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.affiliation: Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital Department of Radiology Weg door Jonkerbos 100 6532 SZ Nijmegen PO Box 9015 6500 GS Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lucien E M
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Duijm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology*; D016477:Artifacts; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology* / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D012984:Software
keywords: Anxiety; MRI; body movement; image quality; motion artifacts