title: Rapamycin Improves Mortality Following Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion via the Inhibition of Remote Lung Inflammation in Mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute-phase intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury can result in multiple organ failure, which may sometimes be fatal. However, no reliable treatment for this clinical state is available. Rapamycin has been reported to protect heart, brain and kidney against I-R injury. The aim of this study was to examine whether rapamycin could protect mice against I-R-induced intestinal and remote organ injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ischemia was induced in the intestine of C57BL/6 mice by occluding the superior mesenteric artery for 1 h. Mice received rapamycin at a dose of 5 mg/kg or vehicle by the intraperitoneal injection 1 h before ischemia. The survival rate, inflammatory responses in the intestine and the lung, bacteria cultured from lung tissue and the phagocytic capacity of alveolar macrophages were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with rapamycin improved survival rate after intestinal I-R. Histological and biochemical parameters of I-R-induced intestinal injury/inflammation were similar in both rapamycin-treated and untreated mice. However, signs of lung injury/inflammation were significantly attenuated in rapamycin-treated mice compared to control mice. The reduction of lung bacteria and the increase in phagocytic activity were accompanied in mice treated with rapamycin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rapamycin improved mortality following intestinal I-R via the inhibition of remote lung inflammation in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katada
authors.forename: Katsura
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizushima
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Handa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D007422:Intestines / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020123:Sirolimus