title: Isolation and phylogenetic characterization of Canine distemper virus from India.
abstract: Canine distemper (CD), caused by canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious disease that infects a variety of carnivores. Sequence analysis of CDVs from different geographical areas has shown a lot of variation in the genome of the virus especially in haemagglutinin gene which might be one of the causes of vaccine failure. In this study, we isolated the virus (place: Ludhiana, Punjab; year: 2014) and further cloned, sequenced and analyzed partial haemagglutinin (H) gene and full length genes for fusion protein (F), phosphoprotein (P) and matrix protein (M) from an Indian wild-type CDV. Higher sequence homology was observed with the strains from Switzerland, Hungary, Germany; and lower with the vaccine strains like Ondersteport, CDV3, Convac for all the genes. The multiple sequence alignment showed more variation in partial H (45 nucleotide and 5 amino acid substitutions) and complete F (79 nucleotide and 30 amino acid substitutions) than in complete P (44 nucleotide and 22 amino acid substitutions) and complete M (22 nucleotide and 4 amino acid substitutions) gene/protein. Predicted potential N-linked glycosylation sites in H, F, M and P proteins were similar to the previously known wild-type CDVs but different from the vaccine strains. The Indian CDV formed a distinct clade in the phylogenetic tree clearly separated from the previously known wild-type and vaccine strains.
authors.affiliation: School of Animal Biotechnology, GADVASU, Ludhiana, 141004 India.
authors.lastname: Swati
authors.affiliation: School of Animal Biotechnology, GADVASU, Ludhiana, 141004 India.
authors.forename: Dipak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deka
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, GADVASU, Ludhiana, 141004 India.
authors.forename: Sanjeev Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Uppal
authors.affiliation: School of Animal Biotechnology, GADVASU, Ludhiana, 141004 India.
authors.forename: Ramneek
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verma
keywords: Canine distemper virus; Genotype; Indian strain; N-Linked glycosylation; Phylogenetic analysis