title: Association of Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is an index for evaluating arterial stiffness and is recognized as an independent predictor of an impending cardiovascular event. Limited large-scale population data are available regarding the relationship between baPWV and the change in ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) status, particularly among Asians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of 5199 participants (≥40 years of age; 40% women) was enrolled in a cross-sectional study in China to examine the association between ideal CVH and baPWV. Arterial stiffness was defined as a baPWV of 1400 cm/second or higher. Information on CVH was collected based on the American Heart Association's CVH definition by measuring all 7 components (nonsmoking status, body mass index, physical activity, healthy diet, normal total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose), with 1 or 0 for each component, and a score from 0 to 7 for each participant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant and inverse association was found between the ideal CVH score and baPWV (P <.001). The adjusted odds ratios for arterial stiffness prevalence were .17 (95% confidence interval [CI], .11-.26), .26 (95% CI, .19-.35), .42 (95% CI, .32-.52), .54 (95% CI, .42-.69), and .69 (95% CI, .54-.89) for those with CVH scores of 7-6, 5, 4, 3, and 2, respectively, compared with those with a CVH score of 1-0 (P <.001). Similarly graded relationships were observed in different age and gender subgroups (P <.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The favorable score of ideal CVH was inversely related to baPWV in Chinese adults, supporting the use of ideal CVH metrics as a useful tool for public health efforts.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Youxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Anxin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Systems and Intervention Research Center for Health, School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Alyce
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Hebei United University, Tangshan, China. Electronic address: drwusl@163.com.
authors.forename: Shouling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zxq@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Xingquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Systems and Intervention Research Center for Health, School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: wei.wang@ecu.edu.au.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Ideal cardiovascular health; arterial stiffness; brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity; epidemiology