title: Terrorist attacks in the largest metropolitan city of Pakistan: Profile of soft tissue and skeletal injuries from a single trauma center.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pakistan has been hugely struck with massive bomb explosions (car and suicide bombs) resulting in multiple casualties in the past few years. The aim of this study is to present the patterns of skeletal and soft tissue injuries and to review the outcome of the victims who presented to our hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective chart review from January 2008 to December 2012. The medical record numbers of patients were obtained from the hospital Health Information and Management Sciences (HIMS) as per the ICD-9 coding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, more than 100 suicide and implanted bomb blast attacks took place in the public proceedings, government offices, residential areas and other places of the city. Altogether 262 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the patients was 31±14 years. The shrapnel inflicted wounds were present on to the upper limb in 24 patients and the lower limb in 50.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long bone fractures were the most common skeletal injuries. The fractures were complicated by penetrating fragments and nails which result in post operative infections and prolonged hospital stay.
authors.affiliation: Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74700, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Shahid
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74700, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shahan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waheed
authors.affiliation: Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74700, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74700, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Narjis
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mumtaz
authors.affiliation: Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74700, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Asher
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feroze
authors.affiliation: Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74700, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shahryar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noordin
keywords: Pakistan; Soft tissue injuries