title: Pneumonectomy for Clinical Stage IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Effect of Neoadjuvant Therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of pneumonectomy after neoadjuvant therapy for stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains uncertain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who underwent pneumonectomy for clinical stage IIIA NSCLC were abstracted from the National Cancer Database. Individuals treated with neoadjuvant therapy, followed by resection, were compared with those who underwent resection, followed by adjuvant therapy. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality. A Cox proportional hazards model was fitted to identify factors associated with survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pneumonectomy for stage IIIA NSCLC with R0 resection was performed in 1,033 patients; of these, 739 (71%) received neoadjuvant therapy, and 294 (29%) underwent resection, followed by adjuvant therapy. The two groups were well matched for age, gender, race, income, Charlson comorbidity score, and tumor size. The 30-day mortality rate in the neoadjuvant group was 7.8% (57 of 739). Median survival was similar between the two groups: 25.9 months neoadjuvant vs 31.3 months adjuvant (p = 0.74). A multivariable logistic regression model for 30-day mortality demonstrated that increasing age, annual income of less than $35,000, nonacademic facility, and right-sided resection were associated with an elevated risk of 30-day mortality. A multivariable Cox model for survival demonstrated that increasing age was predictive of shorter survival and that administration of neoadjuvant therapy did not confer a survival advantage over adjuvant therapy (p = 0.59).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most patients who require pneumonectomy for clinical stage IIIA NSCLC receive neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, without an improvement in survival. In these patients, primary resection, followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, may provide equivalent long-term outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Luke's Hospital, Chesterfield, Missouri.
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Broderick
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Aalok P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Traves D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Crabtree
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morgansztern
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Clifford G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kreisel
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: A Sasha
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Krupnick
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: G Alexander
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Bryan F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. Electronic address: puriv@wudosis.wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Puri
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome