title: Metabolic routes along digestive system of licorice: multicomponent sequential metabolism method in rat.
abstract: This study was conducted to establish the multicomponent sequential metabolism (MSM) method based on comparative analysis along the digestive system following oral administration of licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., leguminosae), a traditional Chinese medicine widely used for harmonizing other ingredients in a formulae. The licorice water extract (LWE) dissolved in Krebs-Ringer buffer solution (1 g/mL) was used to carry out the experiments and the comparative analysis was performed using HPLC and LC-MS/MS methods. In vitro incubation, in situ closed-loop and in vivo blood sampling were used to measure the LWE metabolic profile along the digestive system. The incubation experiment showed that the LWE was basically stable in digestive juice. A comparative analysis presented the metabolic profile of each prototype and its corresponding metabolites then. Liver was the major metabolic organ for LWE, and the metabolism by the intestinal flora and gut wall was also an important part of the process. The MSM method was practical and could be a potential method to describe the metabolic routes of multiple components before absorption into the systemic blood stream. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haiyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Honghuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Beiran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huihui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004064:Digestive System / Q000378:metabolism; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D006035:Glycyrrhiza; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D005960:Glucosides; C075528:phillyrin
keywords: LC-MS/MS; chemical fingerprint; in situ closed-loop; in vitro incubation; licorice; method of absorption and metabolism