title: Maternal PUFA ω-3 Supplementation Prevents Neonatal Lung Injuries Induced by Hyperoxia in Newborn Rats.
abstract: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common complications of prematurity, occurring in 30% of very low birth weight infants. The benefits of dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids ω-3 (PUFA ω-3) during pregnancy or the perinatal period have been reported. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of maternal PUFA ω-3 supplementation on lung injuries in newborn rats exposed to prolonged hyperoxia. Pregnant female Wistar rats (n = 14) were fed a control diet (n = 2), a PUFA ω-6 diet (n = 6), or a PUFA ω-3 diet (n = 6), starting with the 14th gestation day. At Day 1, female and newborn rats (10 per female) were exposed to hyperoxia (O₂, n = 70) or to the ambient air (Air, n = 70). Six groups of newborns rats were obtained: PUFA ω-6/O₂ (n = 30), PUFA ω-6/air (n = 30), PUFA ω-3/O₂ (n = 30), PUFA ω-3/air (n = 30), control/O₂ (n = 10), and control/air (n = 10). After 10 days, lungs were removed for analysis of alveolarization and pulmonary vascular development. Survival rate was 100%. Hyperoxia reduced alveolarization and increased pulmonary vascular wall thickness in both control (n = 20) and PUFA ω-6 groups (n = 60). Maternal PUFA ω-3 supplementation prevented the decrease in alveolarization caused by hyperoxia (n = 30) compared to PUFA ω-6/O₂ (n = 30) or to the control/O₂ (n = 10), but did not significantly increase the thickness of the lung vascular wall. Therefore, maternal PUFA ω-3 supplementation may protect newborn rats from lung injuries induced by hyperoxia. In clinical settings, maternal PUFA ω-3 supplementation during pregnancy and during lactation may prevent BPD development after premature birth.
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. dyuti.sharma@chru-lille.fr.|Clinique de Chirurgie et Orthopédie de l'Enfant, Pôle Enfant, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU Lille, Lille 59037, France. dyuti.sharma@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Dyuti
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. armande.subayi@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Armande Subayi
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Nkembi
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. estelle.aubry@chru-lille.fr.|Clinique de Chirurgie et Orthopédie de l'Enfant, Pôle Enfant, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU Lille, Lille 59037, France. estelle.aubry@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aubry
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. ali.houeijeh@chru-lille.fr.|Clinique de Néonatologie, Pôle Femme, Mère et Nouveau-Né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU Lille, Lille 59037, France. ali.houeijeh@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Houeijeh
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. laura.butruille@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Butruille
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. veronique.debarge@chru-lille.fr.|Clinique de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Pôle Femme, Mère et Nouveau-Né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU Lille, Lille 59037, France. veronique.debarge@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Houfflin-Debarge
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. remi.besson@chru-lille.fr.|Clinique de Chirurgie et Orthopédie de l'Enfant, Pôle Enfant, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU Lille, Lille 59037, France. remi.besson@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Besson
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. philippe.deruelle@chru-lille.fr.|Clinique de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Pôle Femme, Mère et Nouveau-Né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU Lille, Lille 59037, France. philippe.deruelle@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deruelle
authors.affiliation: EA 4489 Environnement Périnatal et Santé, Pôle Recherche Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59045, France. laurent.storme@chru-lille.fr.|Clinique de Néonatologie, Pôle Femme, Mère et Nouveau-Né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU Lille, Lille 59037, France. laurent.storme@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Storme
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D018496:Hyperoxia / Q000150:complications*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3
keywords: PUFA ω-3; bronchopulmonary dysplasia; diet; prematurity