title: Betulinic acid inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammation by activating PPAR-γ in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes.
abstract: Betulinic acid (BA), a triterpenoid isolated from birch bark, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-osteoarthritic effects of BA in IL-1β-stimulated human osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Human osteoarthritis chondrocytes were pre-incubated with BA (6, 12, 24μM) for 12h and then treated with IL-1β (10ng/ml). The production of PGE2 and NO were detected by ELISA and Griess reagent. The expression of NF-κB, IκB, and PPAR-γ were detected by Western blotting. The results showed that BA dose-dependently inhibited IL-1β-induced MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, PGE2 and NO productions. BA also inhibited IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation. Furthermore, BA was found to activate PPAR-γ and the inhibition of PGE2 and NO by BA can be reversed by PPAR-γ antagonist GW9662. In conclusion, these results suggested that BA inhibited IL-1β-induced inflammation in osteoarthritis chondrocytes by activating PPAR-γ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic, Children's Hospital in Harbin, 150010 Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jingbo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic, Children's Hospital in Harbin, 150010 Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aimin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic, Children's Hospital in Harbin, 150010 Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic, Children's Hospital in Harbin, 150010 Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital in Harbin, 150010 Harbin, China. Electronic address: lihuaininglb@163.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huaining
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000094062:Betulinic Acid
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047495:PPAR gamma; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D014315:Triterpenes; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D015232:Dinoprostone; D000094062:Betulinic Acid
keywords: Betulinic acid; IL-1β; NF-κB; Osteoarthritis chondrocyte; PPAR-γ