title: Hierarchical Nanostructured WO3 with Biomimetic Proton Channels and Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductivity for Electrochemical Energy Storage.
abstract: Protein channels in biologic systems can effectively transport ions such as proton (H(+)), sodium (Na(+)), and calcium (Ca(+)) ions. However, none of such channels is able to conduct electrons. Inspired by the biologic proton channels, we report a novel hierarchical nanostructured hydrous hexagonal WO3 (h-WO3) which can conduct both protons and electrons. This mixed protonic-electronic conductor (MPEC) can be synthesized by a facile single-step hydrothermal reaction at low temperature, which results in a three-dimensional nanostructure self-assembled from h-WO3 nanorods. Such a unique h-WO3 contains biomimetic proton channels where single-file water chains embedded within the electron-conducting matrix, which is critical for fast electrokinetics. The mixed conductivities, high redox capacitance, and structural robustness afford the h-WO3 with unprecedented electrochemical performance, including high capacitance, fast charge/discharge capability, and very long cycling life (>50,000 cycles without capacitance decay), thus providing a new platform for a broad range of applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.|Shanghai University of Electric Power , Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Yiting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Zaiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Le
authors.affiliation: The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Gurong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Dieqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Meicheng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Shuning
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Chi-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai University of Electric Power , Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Hexing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D032701:Biomimetics; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011522:Protons; D014414:Tungsten / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010087:Oxides; D011522:Protons; C511604:tungsten oxide; D014414:Tungsten
keywords: Mixed conductor; proton channel; pseudocapacitor; tungsten oxide