title: The nonvolatile metabolome of sunflower linear glandular trichomes.
abstract: Uniseriate linear glandular trichomes occur on stems, leaves and flowering parts of Helianthus species and related taxa. Their metabolic activity and biological function are still poorly understood. A phytochemical study documented the accumulation of bisabolene type sesquiterpenes and flavonoids as the major constituents of the non-volatile metabolome of linear glandular trichomes in the common sunflower, Helianthus annuus. Besides known sesquiterpenes of the glandulone, helibisabonol and heliannuol type, four previously undescribed sesquiterpenes named glandulone D, E, F and helibisabonol C were identified by spectroscopic analysis. In addition, four known nevadensin type flavonoids varying in O-methoxy substitutions were found. None of them has previously been reported from Helianthus annuus.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: O.Spring@uni-hohenheim.de.
authors.forename: Otmar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Spring
authors.affiliation: Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pfannstiel
authors.affiliation: Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Klaiber
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Beifuß
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Lysanne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Apel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Anna-Katharina
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Aschenbrenner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zipper
mesh_terms: D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry; D006368:Helianthus / Q000378:metabolism*; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry; D055442:Metabolome; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D064201:Trichomes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D007783:Lactones; D012717:Sesquiterpenes
keywords: (1)H NMR; Flavonoids; Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae) trichome phytochemistry; LC–MS/MS; Sesquiterpene biosynthesis