title: Usability of surgical treatment in cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw stage 2 with sequestrum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study was conducted to reveal usability of surgical treatment in the cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) stage 2 with sequestrum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study subjects included 18 patients having BRONJ stage 2 with sequestrum and 12 non-BRONJ patients with nearly equal clinical states of BRONJ stage 2. Patient characteristics, frequency of inciting factors of osteonecrosis, and treatment results were compared between BRONJ group and non-BRONJ groups. In addition, correlation between treatment methods (conservative therapy, sequestrum curettage, and sequestrectomy) and treatment results and correlation between the administration route of bisphosphonates (BPs) (oral or intravenous) and treatment results were examined statistically. The Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test were performed for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient characteristics, frequency of inciting factors of osteonecrosis, and treatment results showed no significant differences between the two groups. In the BRONJ group, treatment result of sequestrectomy was significantly better than conservative therapy/sequestrum curettage (P < 0.001), however, no significant difference was observed in the non-BRONJ group. No significant difference was found in correlation between the administration route of BPs and treatment results in the BRONJ group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment outcome of sequestrectomy was better than conservative therapy/sequestrum curettage in BRONJ stage 2 cases with sequestrum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Enoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
authors.forename: Chieri
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakaoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
authors.forename: Syoichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kokabu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nojima
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoda
keywords: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw; sequestrectomy; sequestrum