title: Anthropogenic debris in seafood: Plastic debris and fibers from textiles in fish and bivalves sold for human consumption.
abstract: The ubiquity of anthropogenic debris in hundreds of species of wildlife and the toxicity of chemicals associated with it has begun to raise concerns regarding the presence of anthropogenic debris in seafood. We assessed the presence of anthropogenic debris in fishes and shellfish on sale for human consumption. We sampled from markets in Makassar, Indonesia, and from California, USA. All fish and shellfish were identified to species where possible. Anthropogenic debris was extracted from the digestive tracts of fish and whole shellfish using a 10% KOH solution and quantified under a dissecting microscope. In Indonesia, anthropogenic debris was found in 28% of individual fish and in 55% of all species. Similarly, in the USA, anthropogenic debris was found in 25% of individual fish and in 67% of all species. Anthropogenic debris was also found in 33% of individual shellfish sampled. All of the anthropogenic debris recovered from fish in Indonesia was plastic, whereas anthropogenic debris recovered from fish in the USA was primarily fibers. Variations in debris types likely reflect different sources and waste management strategies between countries. We report some of the first findings of plastic debris in fishes directly sold for human consumption raising concerns regarding human health.
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Chelsea M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rochman
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Science, Faculty Marine and Fisheries Sciences, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tahir
authors.affiliation: Bodega Marine Laboratory and Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California at Davis, Bodega Bay, CA 94923, USA.
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Dolores V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Baxa
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Rosalyn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Foo-Ching
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Teh
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Science, Faculty Marine and Fisheries Sciences, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Shinta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Werorilangi
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Swee J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Teh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia; D005399:Fishes; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D012758:Shellfish; D014481:United States; D014866:Waste Products / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014866:Waste Products