title: The usefulness of age and sex to predict all-cause mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: a single-center cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent studies have shown that sex and age are associated with outcomes in patients with cardiomyopathy. The purpose of this study was to determine the all-cause mortality of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by age and sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients were divided into non-elderly (age <60 years, n=811) and elderly (age ≥60 years, n=331) groups. No difference in the all-cause mortality rate was observed between elderly and non-elderly patients (27.2% vs 22.2%, log-rank χ(2)=2.604, P=0.107). Furthermore, no significant difference in mortality was observed between the male and female patients (23.3% vs 24.5%, log-rank χ(2)=0.707, P=0.400). However, subgroup analysis revealed that elderly male patients exhibited a higher mortality rate than non-elderly male patients (29.4% vs 21.3%, log-rank χ(2)=5.898, P=0.015), while no difference was observed between the elderly female patients and non-elderly female patients. In the Cox analysis, neither age nor sex was a significant independent predictor of all-cause mortality in patients with DCM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, no significant difference in mortality between male and female patients or between the elderly and non-elderly patients was observed. Only among males was a difference in mortality observed; elderly male patients experienced greater mortality than that of non-elderly male patients. No effect of age or sex on all-cause mortality was observed in patients with DCM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China ; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China ; Department of Clinical Electrophysiology, Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Electrophysiology, Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Thermoregulation and Inflammation of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rongjian
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yijia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Electrophysiology, Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality*; D002423:Cause of Death; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: dilated cardiomyopathy; elderly; prognosis; sex