title: Engaging in Culturally Informed Nursing Care With Hmong Children and Their Families.
abstract: The Hmong are an ethnic hill tribe group originally from Southern China with concentrated populations throughout Southeast Asia, especially the mountains of northern Laos. Following the Vietnam War, the Hmong started immigrating to the United States in waves to escape prosecution for fighting communism alongside the United States. Today, the Hmong population in the United States is growing rapidly, with a median age of 20.4 years. As the Hmong move and redistribute themselves across the country to be with family or pursue new opportunities, it is more and more likely that nurses everywhere will interact with Hmong children and their families. Historically medically underserved, the Hmong community continues to face barriers to healthcare as a result of culture, language, and lack of access. Nurses who are informed about cultural values and norms of the Hmong and their family and social structures, as well as their spiritual and traditional practices, will be able to establish trust with their pediatric patients and their caregivers. Utilizing strategies including interpretive services, asking detailed social and physical histories, providing extra appointment time, asking open ended questions, and employing teach back methods can help improve communication as well as provide higher quality care that addresses the specific needs of this population.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI.
authors.forename: Shoua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI.
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Degroote
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI.
authors.forename: Hayley
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Byington
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI.
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harder
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI; Children's Hospitals & Clinics of Minnesota, Northeast Pediatric Clinic, Hugo, MN.
authors.forename: Krystal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI. Electronic address: kristin.haglund@mu.edu.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haglund
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000328:Adult; D001213:Asian / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D002648:Child; D000067576:Child Health; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003144:Communication Barriers; D065246:Culturally Competent Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010371:Pediatric Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D015397:Program Evaluation; D058996:Quality Improvement; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States
keywords: Attitudes; Culture; Health services utilization; Hmong; Primary health care