title: Do antithyroid antibodies affect hearing outcomes in patients with pediatric euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune thyroid disease in children. HT is a multifaceted disease with a variable clinicopathological presentation, including hearing impairment. It is known that hearing function is negatively affected in patients with thyroid disorders. The literature includes a very limited number of studies on hearing function in euthyroid pediatric patients with HT. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between cochlear function and HT, independent of thyroid function.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 48 children and adolescents (42 females and 6 males) aged 9-18 years that were diagnosed as HT, and 30 gender- and age-matched healthy controls. Hearing was assessed via otoscopy, tympanometry, pure-tone audiometry, and measurement of distortion product otoacoustic emissions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There weren't any significant differences in pure tone thresholds between the 2 groups based on pure-tone audiometry, except in the right ear at 6kHz and 8kHz. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions signal to noise ratios were significantly lower in the HT group than in the control group at 4 different frequencies (6kHz [left ear], 8kHz [left ear], 1.5kHz [right ear], and 6kHz [right ear]) (P<0.05). The signal to noise ratios at all frequencies were <6dB in 3% of left ears and 2.5% of right ears in the control group, versus 12.5% of left ears and 9.6% of right ears in the HT group. Distortion product amplitudes were significantly lower in the HT group than in the control group for both left and right ears at 1kHz, 1.5kHz, 3kHz, and 8kHz, and at 2kHz for left ears only (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings show that cochlear function was lower in the HT group than in the control group. Accordingly, we think that hearing in patients with HT should be monitored periodically, even if their hearing thresholds are within normal limits. Thyroid autoimmunity appears to play an important role in a decrease in cochlear activity in pediatric HT patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Antalya Research and Education Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: rendalevent@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Renda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Antalya Research and Education Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mesut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parlak
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Antalya Research and Education Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ömer Tarık
authors.initials: ÖT
authors.lastname: Selçuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Antalya Research and Education Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Rahime
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Renda
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Antalya Research and Education Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hülya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eyigör
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Antalya Research and Education Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa Deniz
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Antalya Research and Education Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Üstün
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Osma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Allergy, Antalya Research and Education Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filiz
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000293:Adolescent; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D001323:Autoantibodies; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; D038781:Otoscopy
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies
keywords: Childhood, Hearing loss, Otoacoustic emission; Hashimoto's thyroiditis