title: Biochemical biomarker responses to pollution in selected sentinel organisms across the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
abstract: Pollution effects were assessed by means of biochemical biomarkers (catalase, glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase activities, and metallothioneins content) in five species at selected coastal sites across the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. The mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, a well-established sentinel species, was investigated in the Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, and Black Sea. The mussel Brachidontes pharaonis and the striped red mullet Mullus surmuletus were used in the Levantine Sea where M. galloprovincialis is not present. The white seabream Diplodus sargus sargus and the gastropod Rapana venosa were additionally sampled in the Adriatic and the Black Sea, respectively. Mussels showed catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and acetylcholinesterase responses to pollution in most geographical areas while the response of metallothioneins was restricted to a few sites. R. venosa showed marked responses of catalase and metallothioneins whereas both fish species did not generally exhibit variations in biomarker values among sites. The approach based on the reference deviation concept using the "Integrated Biological Responses version 2" index was useful for the interpretation of overall biomarker responses.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, 46.7 km, Athinon-Souniou Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013, Anavyssos, Greece. ctsangar@hcmr.gr.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsangaris
authors.affiliation: Institute of Marine Sciences-ISMAR-CNR, Arsenale, Castello 2737f, 30122, Venezia, Italy.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Moschino
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, 46.7 km, Athinon-Souniou Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013, Anavyssos, Greece.
authors.forename: Evangelia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Strogyloudi
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Marine Research and Development "Grigore Antipa", Bvd. Mamaia 300, 900581, Constanta 3, Romania.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coatu
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Biology, Marine Biology Station, Fornače 41, 6330, Piran, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Andreja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramšak
authors.affiliation: Energy, Environment and Water Research Center (EEWRC), The Cyprus Institute, 20 Konstantinou Kavafi, 2121 Aglanzia, P.O. Box 27456, 1645, Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Rana Abu
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Alhaija
authors.affiliation: KAUST-King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Red Sea Research Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Zoology and Marine Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies, University of Salento, Provincial road Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Felline
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecology and Morphology of Marine Invertebrates, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 33, 119071, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Alisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kosyan
authors.affiliation: Oceanography Centre, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Yiota
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lazarou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, 46.7 km, Athinon-Souniou Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013, Anavyssos, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hatzianestis
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Marine Research and Development "Grigore Antipa", Bvd. Mamaia 300, 900581, Constanta 3, Romania.
authors.forename: Andra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oros
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Marine Research and Development "Grigore Antipa", Bvd. Mamaia 300, 900581, Constanta 3, Romania.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tiganus
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D059038:Black Sea; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000032:analysis; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000032:analysis; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010473:Perciformes / Q000378:metabolism; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014873:Water Pollutants; D008668:Metallothionein; D002374:Catalase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase
keywords: Acetylcholinesterase; Biomarkers; Black Sea; Catalase; Eastern Mediterranean Sea; Glutathione S-transferase; Metallothioneins; Pollution effects