title: Genetic clustering of recent classical swine fever virus isolates from Karnataka, India revealed the emergence of subtype 2.2 replacing subtype 1.1.
abstract: The phylogenetic analysis of 11 CSFV isolates from Karnataka, India obtained during the year 2012-13 was undertaken to obtain the most reliable genetic typing of the CSFV isolates based on E2, NS5B and 5'UTR genomic regions. The study indicated that all the 11 CSFV isolates belonged to subgroup 2.2. The most reliable classification was obtained with sequence data from the NS5B region which separated all the isolates based on the history of outbreak and geographic origin. Analysis of full length E2 amino acid sequences revealed different genetic makeup of Indian 2.2 isolates compared to 2.2 isolates from different countries. The group 2.2 viruses are gradually spreading as confirmed by frequent detection/ isolation of group 2.2 viruses in the recent years and replacing the subgroup 1.1 viruses, which were hitherto predominantly involved in CSF outbreaks in India.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560024 India.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Shivaraj
authors.affiliation: ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064 India.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560024 India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rathnamma
authors.affiliation: ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064 India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hemadri
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560024 India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isloor
authors.affiliation: ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064 India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geetha
authors.affiliation: ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064 India.
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Manjunathareddy
authors.affiliation: ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064 India.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gajendragad
authors.affiliation: ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064 India.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rahman
keywords: Classical swine fever virus; E2; NS5B and 5′UTR; Phylogenetic analysis