title: Gender-specific associations of sleep duration with uncontrolled blood pressure in middle-aged patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to evaluate the associations between sleep duration and uncontrolled blood pressure in a hospital-based sample of middle-aged adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 2012 and December 2012, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the hypertensive outpatients of Anzhen Hospital and a community hospital in Beijing, China. Eligible participants were adults aged 35-55 years with an established diagnosis of hypertension and had been on standard antihypertensive drug treatment for at least 6 months. An interviewer-led questionnaire was used to collect the participants' demographic, lifestyle and dietary information, as well as medical histories. Usual sleep durations were categorized as <7 h, 7-8 h and >8 h per night. Logistic regression models were used to assess gender-specific associations between sleep duration and uncontrolled hypertension, with adjustment for age, gender, family history, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 3038 participants were finally investigated. Among them, 1569 (51.6%) patients had their blood pressure uncontrolled. In men, no significant association was found between sleep duration categories and uncontrolled hypertension. In women, compared with those sleeping <7 h, longer sleepers tended to have a lower risk of uncontrolled hypertension for sleeping 7-8 hours (odds ratio [OR] 0.537, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.370-0.780) and sleeping >8 h (OR 0.316, 95% CI, 0.202-0.494), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modest associations between short sleep duration and uncontrolled hypertension were seen in middle-aged women but not in men in the hypertensive population.
authors.affiliation: a Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University , Beijing , PR China .
authors.forename: Huijuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: a Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University , Beijing , PR China .
authors.forename: Jinwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: b Department of Cardiology , Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , PR China , and.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: c Department of General Practice , Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , PR China.
authors.forename: Liqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: a Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University , Beijing , PR China .
authors.forename: Jianglian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: c Department of General Practice , Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , PR China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012737:Sex Factors; D012890:Sleep; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Blood pressure control; gender; sleep duration