title: Traffic-related air pollution and risk for leukaemia of an adult population.
abstract: Air pollution causes lung cancer, but associations with other cancers have not been established. We investigated whether long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution is associated with the risk of the general population for leukaemia. We identified 1,967 people in whom leukaemia was diagnosed in 1992-2010 from a nation-wide cancer registry and selected 3,381 control people at random, matched on sex and year of birth, from the entire Danish population. Residential addresses since 1971 were traced in a population registry, and outdoor concentrations of NOx and NO2 , as indicators of traffic-related air pollution, were calculated at each address in a dispersion model. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate the risk for leukaemia after adjustment for income, educational level, cohabitation status and co-morbidity. In linear analyses, we found odds ratios for acute myeloid leukaemia of 1.20 (95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.38) per 20 µg/m(3) increase in NOx and 1.31 (1.02-1.68) per 10 µg/m(3) increase in NO2 , calculated as time-weighted average exposure at all addresses since 1971. We found no association with chronic myeloid or lymphocytic leukaemia. This study indicates an association between long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and acute myeloid leukaemia in the general population, but not for other subtypes of leukaemia.
authors.affiliation: Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ole
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Raaschou-Nielsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ketzel
authors.affiliation: Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Aslak
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harbo Poulsen
authors.affiliation: Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sørensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001554:Benzene / Q000009:adverse effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000209:etiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
chemical_list: D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D001554:Benzene
keywords: acute myeloid leukaemia; air pollution; benzene; leukaemia; traffic