title: Abnormal Expression of Urea Transporter Protein in a Rat Model of Hepatorenal Syndrome Induced by Succinylated Gelatin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a serious complication of advanced chronic liver disease. Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) occurs with dysfunction of multiple organs when abdominal pressure increases. Here, we report on a novel model of ACS with ascites and a model of HRS in rats to observe the urea transporter protein (UT) expression in the 2 models.
  
  
  METHODS
  A liver cirrhosis model was induced by CCl4. After changes of liver histopathology were observed, rats were injected intraperitoneally with succinylated gelatin to establish a model of ACS and HRS. Then, changes in BUN, Cr, and renal histopathology were detected. Moreover, the UT in ACS and HRS were also quantified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The surfaces of liver in the cirrhotic group became coarse, with visible small nodules and became yellow and greasy. The normal structure of the hepatic lobules were destroyed, and hyperplasia of fibrotic tissue and pseudo-lobe was observed. The levels of BUN and Cr were significantly increased in rats suffering from ACS and HRS, respectively, compared to their control groups. In addition, the mRNA levels of UT-A2 and UT-A3 decreased in rats with HRS compared to cirrhotic rats. However, there was no significant difference between the mRNA levels of UT-A2, UT-A3, and UT-B in rats with ACS vs. normal rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is feasible to model ACS in rats by injecting succinylated gelatin into the abdominal cavity. Increasing the intra-abdominal pressure by succinylated gelatin is also a novel approach for modeling HRS in cirrhotic rats. Compared with control rats, there is an abnormal mRNA expression of UT in ACS rats and HRS rats.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Liver Cirrhosis Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, 302 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005780:Gelatin / Q000009:adverse effects; D006530:Hepatorenal Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D059325:Intra-Abdominal Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011312:Pressure; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013386:Succinates / Q000009:adverse effects; D014508:Urea / Q000737:chemistry; D000096982:Urea Transporters
chemical_list: D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D005780:Gelatin; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013386:Succinates; D014508:Urea; D000096982:Urea Transporters; C060085:succinylated gelatin