title: A 3-day high-fat/low-carbohydrate diet does not alter exercise-induced growth hormone response in healthy males.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of 3 days isoenergetic high-fat/low-carbohydrate diet (HF-LC) relative to low-fat/high-carbohydrate diet (LF-HC) on the exercise-induced growth hormone (GH) response in healthy male subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten healthy young males participated in this study. Each subject consumed the HF-LC (18±1% protein, 61±2% fat, 21±1% carbohydrate, 2720 kcal per day) for 3 consecutive days after consuming the LF-HC (18±1% protein, 20±1% fat, 62±1% carbohydrate, 2755 kcal per day) for 3 consecutive days. After each dietary intervention period, the hormonal and metabolic responses to an acute exercise (30 min of continuous pedaling at 60% of V˙O2max) were compared. The intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) contents in the vastus lateralis, soleus, and tibialis anterior were evaluated by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum GH concentrations increased significantly during the exercise after both the HF-LC and LF-HC periods (P<0.05). However, the exercise-induced GH response was not significantly different between the two periods. Fat utilization and lipolytic responses during the exercise were enhanced significantly after the HF-LC period compared with the LF-HC period. IMCL content did not differ significantly in any portion of muscle after the dietary interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We could not show that short-term HF-LC consumption changed significantly exercise-induced GH response or IMCL content in healthy young males.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: rm004075@ed.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: gr0167kx@ed.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: gr0169fv@ed.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshihumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: rp003089@ed.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimura
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan; Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: t-kuri-a@st.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan; Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: ab@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ebi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan; Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: kagoto@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazushige
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D050528:Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D015444:Exercise; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008066:Lipolysis; D008297:Male; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D019382:Human Growth Hormone
keywords: Exercise; Fat metabolism; Growth hormone; Healthy men; High-fat diet; Intramyocellular lipid content