title: Preferentially Cytotoxic Constituents of Andrographis paniculata and their Preferential Cytotoxicity against Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines.
abstract: In the course of our search for anticancer agents based on a novel anti-austerity strategy, we found that the 70% EtOH extract of the crude drug Andrographis Herba (aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata), used in Japanese Kampo medicines, killed PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells preferentially in nutrient-deprived medium (NDM). Phytochemical investigation of the 70% EtOH extract led to the isolation of 21 known compounds consisting of six labdane-type diterpenes (11, 15, 17-19, 21), six flavones (5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 20), three flavanones (2, 6, 16), two sterols (3, 8), a fatty acid (1), a phthalate (4), a triterpene (9), and a monoterpene (13). Among them, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (17) displayed the most potent preferential cytotoxicity against PANC-1 and PSN-1 cells with PC50 values of 10.0 μM and 9.27 μM, respectively. Microscopical observation, double staining with ethidium bromide (EB) and acridine orange (AO), and flow cytometry with propidium iodide/annexin V double staining indicated that 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (17) triggered apoptosis-like cell death in NDM with an amino acids and/or serum-sensitive mode.
authors.forename: Sullim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tezuka
mesh_terms: D035685:Andrographis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004224:Diterpenes; D005419:Flavonoids; D010840:Phytosterols