title: Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Compendium of Physical Activity: Thai Translation and Content Validity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To translate the compendium physical activity (compendium) proposed by Ainsworth to Thai and to validate the Thai translated version.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five steps of cross-cultural adaption were conducted as follows: (1) forward translation, (2) group review, (3) backward translation, (4) group review and final decision and (5) a pilot study. Eight hundred and twenty-one activities ofthe compendium were translated to Thai by two independents translators. Thai translated version was considered by 23 persons who have studied physical activity for at leastfive years. Backward translation was carried out by two bilingual translators. The research team completed the final Thai translation by comparing original and translated versions. For pilot study the Thai translated version was validated by 22 allied health persons. Data was analyzed by multi-rater agreement (Fleiss's kappa) and qualitative analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For translations and group review, recommendations included; (a) changing to lay language with the same meaning, (b) converting the U.S. customary unit to the metric unit, and (c) using consistent language. More than 80% of 22 persons accepted the Thai translation and the Kappa agreement rangedfrom 0.187 to 0.694. Some activities demonstratedpoor multi-rater agreement and required additional definitions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thai translated compendium physical activity was constructed to reduce the language barrier and promote physical activity in Thailand. The poor to moderate agreement of each major heading of translation may partly be due to Western culture. Many activities in the compendium were assembled but they were not recognized by Thais. Hence, Thai compendium physical activity should to be developed in afuture study.
authors.forename: Chutima
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jalayondeja
authors.forename: Wattana
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jalayondeja
authors.forename: Roongtiwa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vachalathiti
authors.forename: Sunee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bovonsunthonchai
authors.forename: Prasert
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sakulsriprasert
authors.forename: Watsinee
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kaewkhuntee
authors.forename: Tipwadee
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bunprajun
authors.forename: Rujiret
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Upiriyasakul
mesh_terms: D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013785:Thailand; D014177:Translations