title: Additional evidence against jasmonate-induced jasmonate induction hypothesis.
abstract: Jasmonates are phytohormones involved in development and stress reactions. The most prominent jasmonate is jasmonic acid, however, the bioactive jasmonate is (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile). Biosynthesis of jasmonates is long time known; compartmentalization, enzymes and corresponding genes are well studied. Because all genes encoding these biosynthetic enzymes are jasmonate inducible, a hypothesis of jasmonate-induced-jasmonate-biosynthesis is widely accepted. Here, this hypothesis was revisited by employing the synthetic JA-Ile mimic coronalon to intact and wounded leaves, which excludes structural cross-contamination with endogenous jasmonates. At an effective concentration that induced various jasmonate-responsive genes in Arabidopsis, neither accumulation of endogenous jasmonic acid, JA-Ile, nor of their hydroxylated metabolites was detected. Results indicate that in spite of jasmonate-induced biosynthetic gene expression, no jasmonate biosynthesis/accumulation takes place supporting a post-translational regulation.
authors.affiliation: Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandra S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reichelt
authors.affiliation: Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boland
authors.affiliation: Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: amithoefer@ice.mpg.de.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mithöfer
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007532:Isoleucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C484935:coronalon; C532883:jasmonoyl-isoleucine; D007532:Isoleucine; C011006:jasmonic acid
keywords: Coronalon; JA-Ile; Jasmonate responsive genes; Jasmonates; Wounding