title: IL7RA polymorphisms predict the CD4+ recovery in HIV patients on cART.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The IL7RA polymorphisms have recently been associated with CD4+ T-cell decline in untreated HIV-infected subjects and CD4+ T-cell recovery in patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether IL7RA polymorphisms are associated with CD4+ T-cell recovery in HIV-infected patients on long-term cART.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective study in 151 naïve cART patients with severe immunodeficiency (CD4+ counts ≤200 cells/mm(3) ). IL7RA polymorphisms' genotyping was performed using Sequenom's MassARRAY platform. The outcome variable was the time to achieve the first value of CD4+ count ≥500 cells/mm(3) during the follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two different trends of CD4+ T-cell recovery were found in Kaplan-Meier analysis. During the first 48 months, 60 of 151 (39·7%) of the patients reached CD4+ T-cell values ≥500 cells/mm(3) , and no differences were observed between IL7RA genotypes. After the first 48 months of follow-up, 27 of 151 (17·8%) of the patients reached CD4+ T-cell values ≥500 cells/mm(3) , with a different pattern of CD4+ recovery depending on IL7RA genotype. Patients with rs10491434 TT genotype and rs6897932 TT genotype were more likely of achieving CD4+ value ≥500 cells/mm(3) than patients with rs10491434 CT/CC genotype (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 3·59; P = 0·005) and patients with rs6897932 CC/CT genotype (aHR = 11·7; P < 0·001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IL7RA polymorphisms seem to be associated with CD4+ T-cell recovery in HIV-infected patients who started cART with severe immunodeficiency, in the second phase of CD4+ T-cell recovery after long-term cART.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guzmán-Fulgencio
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas/VIH, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berenguer
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Sousa
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Dariela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Micheloud
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Fundación para la investigación Biomédica del Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bellón
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas/VIH, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aldámiz-Echevarría
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Broncano
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Catalán
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas/VIH, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pineda-Tenor
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Resino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D020395:Receptors, Interleukin-7 / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013030:Spain; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D020395:Receptors, Interleukin-7; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
keywords: AIDS; IL7RA; antiretroviral therapy; immune system reconstitution; polymorphisms