title: Stipe cell wall architecture varies with the stipe elongation of the mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea.
abstract: A large amount of granular protrusions overlie the outer cell wall surfaces in both elongating and non-elongating stipe regions but overlie the inner cell wall surfaces only in non-elongating stipe regions. Removal of granular protrusions using alkali, amorphous materials overlying on both the inner and outer cell wall surfaces were explored in the non-elongating stipe regions. β-1,3-Glucanase treatment not only removed above those granular protrusions and underlying amorphous materials on the wall surfaces but also removed wall matrices embedding chitin microfibrils on the cell walls of most stipe regions, except for the outer cell wall surfaces of the non-elongating stipe regions where most of the wall matrices remained. The chitin microfibrils were closely and transversely arranged on both the inner and outer cell wall surfaces in the elongating apical stipe region, whereas they were loosely and transversely arranged on the inner cell wall surfaces and further became sparser and even randomly arranged on the outer cell wall surface in the non-elongating stipe regions. We propose that the surface deposition of granular protrusions and amorphous materials and the change of microfibril architecture and wall matrices may cause loss of wall plasticity and cessation of stipe elongation.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China. Electronic address: yuansheng@njnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002686:Chitin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D020894:Microfibrils / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D002686:Chitin
keywords: Chitin microfibril; Granular protrusion; Overlying amorphous material; Wall matrix; β-1,3-glucan