title: Interleukin-24 (IL-24) Expression and Biological Impact on HECV Endothelial Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  IL-24, also termed MDA-7, is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines. IL-24 is reported to be expressed in a series of cell lines, including keratinocytes as well as breast, lung and prostate cancer cells, but was primarily found in a human melanoma cell line. IL-24 is suggested to have many biological properties displaying anti-tumour effects via induction of apoptosis, suppressing proliferation, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. IL-24 has also been reported to inhibit the migration of cancer cells and keratinocytes, and have anti-angiogeneic properties. The biological functions of IL-24 are regulated through both autocrine and paracrine methods. However, currently there exists little knowledge regarding the effect of IL-24 on endothelial cell biology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The impact of rhIL-24 on human endothelial HECV cell growth, migration, trans-endothelial resistance and angiogenic potential was examined using cellular functional assays. Additionally, the relationship between IL-24 and a number of cell junction proteins were examined using immunofluorescence staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-24 and receptor molecules was found to be expressed in HECV endothelial cells. Treatment of this cell line with rhIL-24 was found to promote cell migration rates and suppress tubule formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of HECV cells with rhIL-24 can promote migration and inhibit tubule formation but does not impact cell growth or permeability at the tested concentrations. Potential links between IL-24 and AKT or PLCγ-related pathways with regard to these effects are also presented in the present study.
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative (CCMRC), Cardiff University School of Medicine, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K. Zibo City Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative (CCMRC), Cardiff University School of Medicine, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K. sandersaj1@cf.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative (CCMRC), Cardiff University School of Medicine, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K. Zhoucun District People's Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yulu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative (CCMRC), Cardiff University School of Medicine, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K.
authors.forename: Tracey A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative (CCMRC), Cardiff University School of Medicine, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K.
authors.forename: Sioned
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative (CCMRC), Cardiff University School of Medicine, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K.
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ruge
authors.affiliation: Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative (CCMRC), Cardiff University School of Medicine, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K.
authors.forename: Wen G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099180:Interleukin-24
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000099180:Interleukin-24
keywords: HECV; IL-24; MDA-7; endothelial cell