title: Total Artificial Hearts-Past, Current, and Future.
abstract: We present a review of the evolution of total artificial hearts (TAHs) and new directions in development, including the coupling of VADs as biventricular TAH support.
authors.affiliation: From the BioCirc Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Carson S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.affiliation: From the BioCirc Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Kelli L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.affiliation: Rotor Bearing Solutions International, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Allaire
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiobiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.|Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mentzer
authors.affiliation: From the BioCirc Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Throckmorton
mesh_terms: D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006354:Heart, Artificial / Q000639:trends*; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans