title: Effect of magnesium dose on amount of pharmaceuticals in struvite recovered from urine.
abstract: Phosphorus (P) recovery was carried out through struvite precipitation from urines. Human urine, however, contains not only high nutrients for plants, such as P and nitrogen, but also pharmaceuticals and hormones. In this work, effects of magnesium (Mg) dose (in terms of Mg:P ratio) on P recovery efficiency and pharmaceutical amounts contained in struvite were investigated. Batch-scale experiments of synthetic and human urines revealed that struvite precipitation formed more X-shaped crystals with an increased molar ratio of Mg:P, while the amount of pharmaceuticals (tetracycline, demeclocycline, and oxytetracycline) in struvite decreased with an increased molar ratio of Mg:P. The lowest pharmaceutical amounts in struvite were found at the Mg:P ratio of 2:1 from both samples. Moreover, the maximum P recovery efficiency, quantity and purity of struvite were found in the range of 1.21 to 2:1. It indicated that the molar ratio of Mg:P has a significant impact on struvite precipitation in terms of pharmaceutical amounts in struvite; morphology, quantity and purity of struvite; and P recovery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha-uthit Rd, Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand E-mail: patiya.kem@kmutt.ac.th.
authors.forename: Patiya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kemacheevakul
authors.affiliation: The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha-uthit Rd, Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
authors.forename: Surawut
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chuangchote
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Sosuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomonari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000652:urine; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000652:urine; D010710:Phosphates / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000652:urine; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000652:urine; D000069877:Struvite; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D010710:Phosphates; D010758:Phosphorus; D000069877:Struvite; D009584:Nitrogen