title: Multiple violence victimisation associated with sexual ill health and sexual risk behaviours in Swedish youth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To address the associations between emotional, physical and sexual violence, specifically multiple violence victimisation, and sexual ill health and sexual risk behaviours in youth, as well as possible gender differences.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional population-based survey among sexually experienced youth using a questionnaire with validated questions on emotional, physical, and sexual violence victimisation, sociodemographics, health risk behaviours, and sexual ill health and sexual risk behaviours. Proportions, unadjusted/adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The participants comprised 1192 female and 1021 male students aged 15 to 22 years. The females had experienced multiple violence (victimisation with two or three types of violence) more often than the males (21% vs. 16%). The associations between multiple violence victimisation and sexual ill health and sexual risk behaviours were consistent for both genders. Experience of/involvement in pregnancy yielded adjusted ORs of 2.4 (95% CI 1.5-3.7) for females and 2.1 (95% CI 1.3-3.4) for males, and early age at first intercourse 2.2 (95% CI 1.6-3.1) for females and 1.9 (95% CI 1.2-3.0) for males. No significantly raised adjusted ORs were found for non-use of contraceptives in young men or young women, or for chlamydia infection in young men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several types of sexual ill health and sexual risk behaviours are strongly associated with multiple violence victimisation in both genders. This should be taken into consideration when counselling young people and addressing their sexual and reproductive health.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.|b Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Sundsvall, Umeå University , Sweden.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Blom
authors.affiliation: c Department of Women's and Children's Health , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Högberg
authors.affiliation: d Department of Public Health and Research , Sundsvall, Umeå University , Sweden.
authors.forename: Niclas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Olofsson
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.|d Department of Public Health and Research , Sundsvall, Umeå University , Sweden.
authors.forename: Ingela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Danielsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000066511:Intimate Partner Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D060728:Reproductive Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adolescents; Sexual behaviours; Sexual health; Violence; Youth