title: Beyond Memorability: Visualization Recognition and Recall.
abstract: In this paper we move beyond memorability and investigate how visualizations are recognized and recalled. For this study we labeled a dataset of 393 visualizations and analyzed the eye movements of 33 participants as well as thousands of participant-generated text descriptions of the visualizations. This allowed us to determine what components of a visualization attract people's attention, and what information is encoded into memory. Our findings quantitatively support many conventional qualitative design guidelines, including that (1) titles and supporting text should convey the message of a visualization, (2) if used appropriately, pictograms do not interfere with understanding and can improve recognition, and (3) redundancy helps effectively communicate the message. Importantly, we show that visualizations memorable "at-a-glance" are also capable of effectively conveying the message of the visualization. Thus, a memorable visualization is often also an effective one.
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Borkin
authors.forename: Zoya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bylinskii
authors.forename: Nam Wook
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Constance May
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bainbridge
authors.forename: Chelsea S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Borkin
authors.forename: Hanspeter
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pfister
authors.forename: Aude
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oliva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003196:Computer Graphics; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult