title: First year participation in the affordable care act: costs and accessibility to gynecologic oncology.
abstract: With the ending of the operational first year of the American Affordable Care Act, health insurance premiums were accessed online. For a US$50,000 income, the lowest premiums ranged from US$805 annually (age 20 years) to US$3802 (age 64 years), while the highest ranged from US$2186 (age 20 years) to US$10,326 (age 64 years). The lowest premiums at age 50 years were higher in rural areas in contrast to the highest premiums that were less expensive rurally. At age 64 years, the lowest premiums were 9-12.6% of a US$50,000 income, while the most expensive varied between 16.5 and 39%. Access to gynecologic oncologists was variable in different networks. Medicaid enrollment nationally was ∼6× higher than paid enrollment. Eligible participation in Affordable Care Act coverage exceeded expectations by >190%. Performance of four healthcare exchange traded funds indicated that investor confidence is high in the American healthcare sector.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center & the Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0293, USA.
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Pavlik
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center & the Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0293, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ore
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center & the Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0293, USA.
authors.forename: Aimi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center & the Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0293, USA.
authors.forename: Dylan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Woolum
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center & the Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0293, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Pavlik
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center & the Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0293, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baldwin
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006176:Gynecology / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D017048:Health Care Costs; D062265:Health Insurance Exchanges / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D019458:Insurance Coverage / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D008495:Medical Oncology; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D058991:Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act / Q000191:economics*; D014481:United States
keywords: Affordable Care Act; cost; gynecologic oncology; network; participation; penalties; premiums