title: Appraisal of cooperation with a palliative care case manager by general practitioners and community nurses: a cross-sectional questionnaire study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate how general practitioners and community nurses value the support that they receive from a nurse case manager with expertise in palliative care, whether they think the case manager is helpful in realizing appropriate care and what characteristics of the patient and case management are associated with this view.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  For sustainable palliative care in an ageing society, basic palliative care is provided by generalists and specialist palliative care is reserved for complex situations. Acceptance of and cooperation with specialist palliative care providers by the general practitioner and community nurse is pivotal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional questionnaire study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire data from 168 general practitioners and 125 community nurses were analysed using chi-square tests, univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Data were gathered between March 2011-December 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of general practitioners, 46% rated the case manager as helpful in realizing care that is appropriate for the patient; for community nurses this was 49%. The case manager did not hinder the process of care and had added value for patients, according to the general practitioners and community nurses. The tasks of the case manager were associated with whether or not the case manager was helpful in realizing appropriate care, whereas patient characteristics and the number of contacts with the case manager were not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  General practitioners and community nurses are moderately positive about the support from the case manager. To improve cooperation further, case managers should invest in contact with general practitioners and community nurses.
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annicka G M
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: van der Plas
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bregje D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Onwuteaka-Philipsen
authors.affiliation: Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kris C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Vissers
authors.affiliation: End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel and Ghent University, Belgium.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deliens
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wim J J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|NIVEL, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anneke L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Francke
mesh_terms: D003152:Community Health Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D058005:General Practitioners / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D009718:Nurse Administrators / Q000523:psychology*; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: case management; end-of-Life care; inter-profession relations; nursing; palliative care; primary health care