title: Surface Characterization and in situ Protein Adsorption Studies on Carbene-Modified Polymers.
abstract: Polystyrene thin films were functionalized using a facile two-step chemical protocol involving carbene insertion followed by azo-coupling, permitting the introduction of a range of chemical functional groups, including aniline, hexyl, amine, carboxyl, phenyl, phosphonate diester, and ethylene glycol. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the success of the two-step chemical modification with a grafting density of at least 1/10th of the typical loading density (10(14)-10(15)) of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). In situ, real-time quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) studies show that the dynamics of binding of bovine serum albumin (BSA) are different at each modified surface. Mass, viscoelastic, and kinetic data were analyzed, and compared to cheminformatic descriptors (i.e., c log P, polar surface area) typically used for drug discovery. Results show that functionalities may either resist or adsorb BSA, and uniquely influence its adsorption dynamics. It is concluded that carbene-based surface modification can usefully influence BSA binding dynamics in a manner consistent with, and more robust than, traditional systems based on SAM chemistry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.|Department of Materials, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Geoffrey W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Emily M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.|School of Materials and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 6GN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kulveer
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: School of Materials and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 6GN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christopher F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Blanford
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Moloney
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Foord
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D008697:Methane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D058525:Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D011506:Proteins; C030011:carbene; D008697:Methane