title: In vitro biorelevant models for evaluating modified release mesalamine products to forecast the effect of formulation and meal intake on drug release.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postprandial administration of solid oral dosage forms greatly changes the dissolution environment compared to fasted state administration. The aims of this study were to investigate and forecast the effect of co-administration of a meal on drug release for delayed and/or extended release mesalamine formulations as well as design of in vitro tests to distinguish among formulations in a biorelevant way.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five different mesalamine formulations (Asacol® 400 mg, Mezavant® 1200 mg, Pentasa® 500 mg and Salofalk® in the 250 mg and 500 mg strengths) were investigated with biorelevant dissolution methods using the USP apparatus III and USP apparatus IV (open loop mode) under both fasted and fed state conditions, as well as with the dissolution methods described in pharmacopeia for delayed and extended release mesalamine products.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the biorelevant experimental conditions proposed in this study, changes in release in the proximal gut due to meal intake are forecast to be minimal for Asacol®, Mezavant®, Pentasa® and Salofalk® 500 mg, while for Salofalk® 250 mg release was predicted to occur much earlier under fed state conditions. The USP apparatus III generally tended to result in faster dissolution rates and forecast more pronounced food effects for Salofalk® 250 mg than the USP apparatus IV. The biorelevant dissolution gradients were also able to reflect the in vivo behavior of the formulations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro biorelevant models can be useful in the comparison of the release behavior from different delayed and extended release mesalamine formulations as well as forecasting effects of concomitant meal intake on drug release.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max von Laue St. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Cord J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Andreas
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max von Laue St. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Ying-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Zografou, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Constantinos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Markopoulos
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Zografou, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reppas
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max von Laue St. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: Dressman@em.uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dressman
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D065546:Drug Liberation; D018565:Food-Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D019804:Mesalamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D019804:Mesalamine
keywords: Biorelevant dissolution testing; Dose dumping; Food effects; Mesalamine (5-ASA); USP apparatus III (BioDis); USP apparatus IV (flow through cell)