title: Spirulina phycocyanin induces differential protein expression and apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells.
abstract: The present study was designed to determine the effects of phycocyanin (PC) on Human ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms of action. The inhibitory effects of PC on the cell proliferation were detected by MTT assay. The IC50 values of PC were 182.0μM and 133.6μM for 24h and 48h exposure, respectively. PC induced apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells was observed by electron microscopy and flow cytometry. The apoptosis rate was increased from 1.6% to 19.8% after PC exposure. The fluorescence intensity of ROS and the activities of Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 were increased. Differentiated expression protein spots were selected and identified using proteomic techniques. There were 698±73 and 683±79 protein spots resolved in untreated and PC-treated cells, respectively. Forty five differential protein spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS, including mtSSB, PSME3, and nucleolin. The mRNA expression profiles determined by RT-PCR were consistent with that of the two-dimensional electrophoresis. The decreased proteins such as HSP60, nucleolin, PPase, peroxiredoxin-4 and the increased protein (mtSSB) were identified in SKOV-3 cells after PC treatment, indicating that the effects of PC on tumor cell apoptosis may be relate to multiple target proteins. And the mitochondrial pathway may be the main pathway for PC-induced apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: 118 Hospital of PLA, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Ruowang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Key Lab of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-Resource, China.
authors.forename: Rongmao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Rongrong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 118 Hospital of PLA, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Enyong
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Huiguang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Jinsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Mengru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Zuyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. Electronic address: lpz0522@126.com.
authors.forename: Peizhen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. Electronic address: baoqy@genomics.cn.
authors.forename: Qiyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Bao
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010798:Phycocyanin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D053545:Spirulina / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D010798:Phycocyanin; D020169:Caspases
keywords: Proteomics; SKOV-3 cell; Spirulina phycocyanin