title: MiR-204 regulates HMGA2 expression and inhibits cell proliferation in human thyroid cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Analysis using publicly available algorithms has found that high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), a key transcriptional regulatory factor, is a potential target of microRNA-204 (miR-204). Some studies have shown that both miR-204 and HMGA2 are associated with cancer development.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the possible relationship between miR-204 and HMGA2 in the development of thyroid cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed miR-204 expression in thyroid cancer specimens and cell lines using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the target associations. The effect of miR-204 on cell proliferation was confirmed with tetrazolium and colony formation assays. Gene and protein expression were examined using real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MiR-204 was downregulated in the thyroid cancer specimens and cell lines, and targeted the 3^\prime untranslated region of HMGA2 directly. MiR-204 overexpression decreased cyclin D1 and Ki67 expression and increased P21 expression, which subsequently inhibited thyroid cancer cell proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that miR-204 plays a protective role by inhibiting thyroid cancer cell proliferation, and may identify new targets for anti-cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: S X
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Huv
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Z X
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D025743:HMGA2 Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D025743:HMGA2 Protein; C549404:MIRN204 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: HMGA2; MiR-204; proliferation; thyroid cancer