title: A scaling aneurysm model-based approach to assessing the role of flow pattern and energy loss in aneurysm rupture prediction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Energy loss (EL) was regarded to be one of the key parameters in predicting the rupture risk of IA. In this paper, we took varied aspect ratio (AR) as a scaling law to create a series of longitudinal models to investigate the longitudinal changes of flow pattern and EL as the AR varies, in order to explore the relationship between the longitudinal characteristic EL parameters with aneurysm rupture risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven original intracranial aneurysms (IA) models with similar locations were reconstructed from patient 3D rotational angiography (3DRA) images. Based on these models, a series of scaling aneurysm models with different ARs were created with our proposed scaling algorithms. Fluid-solid interaction (FSI) simulations were performed on every model to obtain hemodynamics flow pattern and EL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With AR increasing, flow pattern became more complex, with vortices appearing gradually in the aneurysms (AR > 1.5). Furthermore, the velocity significantly decreased in aneurysms with high ARs (>1.5). Meanwhile, the aneurysm EL increased with increasing AR. Once AR exceeded 1.5, EL changed drastically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EL was a potential parameter predicting future rupture of unruptured aneurysms. If the EL during the growth of the unruptured aneurysms increased sharply, we strongly recommend an intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China. puddy000@sina.com.|Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China. puddy000@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yunling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China. zhongjingru1@163.com.|Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China. zhongjingru1@163.com.
authors.forename: Jingru
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China. rubbyu@ccmu.edu.cn.|Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China. rubbyu@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China. yanhg@ccmu.edu.cn.|Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China. yanhg@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Huagang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China. zhuozhizheng@sina.com.
authors.forename: Zhizheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China. qmeng061@163.com.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China. Yang-xj@163.net.
authors.forename: Xinjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China. haiyunli@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Haiyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D012307:Risk Factors