title: Critical issues in cancer vaccine trial design.
abstract: As the clinical experience with cancer vaccines and cancer immunotherapy increases, there are important lessons that can be learned from the successes and failures of past trials. Many lessons affect the design and conduct of clinical trials themselves. Appropriate patient selection, clinical trial design, immunologic monitoring, and appropriate endpoints are all essential to the efficiency and success of bringing cancer vaccines from conception to clinical use.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: gtclifton@mdanderson.org.
authors.forename: Guy T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Clifton
authors.affiliation: Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Holbrook E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Kohrt
authors.affiliation: San Antonio Military Medical Consortium, Department of Surgical Oncology, Fort Sam Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: George E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Peoples
mesh_terms: D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines
keywords: Cancer vaccine; End points; Immunotherapy; Trial design