title: Progress in epigenetic histone modification analysis by mass spectrometry for clinical investigations.
abstract: Chromatin biology and epigenetics are scientific fields that are rapid expanding due to their fundamental role in understanding cell development, heritable characters and progression of diseases. Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are major regulators of the epigenetic machinery due to their ability to modulate gene expression, DNA repair and chromosome condensation. Large-scale strategies based on mass spectrometry have been impressively improved in the last decade, so that global changes of histone PTM abundances are quantifiable with nearly routine proteomics analyses and it is now possible to determine combinatorial patterns of modifications. Presented here is an overview of the most utilized and newly developed proteomics strategies for histone PTM characterization and a number of case studies where epigenetic mechanisms have been comprehensively characterized. Moreover, a number of current epigenetic therapies are illustrated, with an emphasis on cancer.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Philadelphia, 19104, USA.|b 2 Epigenetics Program, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Önder
authors.affiliation: b 2 Epigenetics Program, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sidoli
authors.affiliation: a 1 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Philadelphia, 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: b 2 Epigenetics Program, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D042421:Histone Code; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
keywords: cancer; chromatin; epigenetics; histone; histone variants; mass spectrometry; post-translational modifications; proteomics; translational medicine