title: Development of a model to induce transient synovitis and lameness in the hip joint of dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a model of hip joint synovitis on the basis of intra-articular injection of a sodium urate suspension in dogs and to characterize associated gait changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 healthy adult dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each dog was sedated, and synovitis was induced by injection of 1 mL of a sodium urate suspension (20 mg/mL) into the right hip joint under ultrasonographic guidance. Observational and instrumented gait analyses to determine temporospatial, kinetic, and kinematic variables were performed prior to and 4, 8, and 24 hours after sedation and synovitis induction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Injection of a sodium urate suspension into the hip joint of healthy dogs resulted in lameness of the ipsilateral pelvic limb as determined by observational and instrumented gait analyses. For all dogs, lameness was clinically detectable within 1.5 to 2 hours after injection, reached its maximum intensity at 4 hours after injection, and had subsided by 24 hours after injection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicated that injection of a sodium urate suspension into the hip joint of healthy dogs reliably induced synovitis and signs of pain and lameness in the ipsilateral pelvic limb that lasted 24 hours. This model can be used in conjunction with instrumented gait analysis to provide information on gait changes associated with hip joint disease and might be useful for evaluating the efficacy of analgesics or other interventions for the treatment of hip joint disease in dogs.
authors.forename: Elham A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Nicolaas E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Lambrechts
authors.forename: George E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Hsin-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Hock Gan
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Heng
authors.forename: Gert J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Breur
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular / Q000662:veterinary; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000662:veterinary; D013585:Synovitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid