title: Residue and microwear analyses of the stone artifacts from Schöningen.
abstract: Stone artifacts from Schöningen 12 and 13 were examined microscopically to identify residues, wear, and manufacturing traces in order to clarify their possible anthropogenic origins and their function. We present evidence showing that the stone tools were used for working wood and hide and for cutting meat. The results from the use-wear and residue analyses proved complementary in several instances. Suggestive evidence of hafting was observed on a few pieces, which is particularly interesting given the identification of wooden hafts at the site. The positive results of this analysis demonstrate the efficacy and potential of these techniques for Lower Paleolithic sites such as Schöningen.
authors.affiliation: Service de Préhistoire, University of Liège, Quai Roosevelt 1B, 4000 Liège, Belgium. Electronic address: veerle.rots@ulg.ac.be.
authors.forename: Veerle
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rots
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Palme House, Kenyon College, Gambier, OH 43022, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.affiliation: Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen, Schloss Hohentübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serangeli
authors.affiliation: Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen, Schloss Hohentübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoecology, University of Tübingen, Schloss Hohentübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Conard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001106:Archaeology; D005858:Germany; D015186:Hominidae / Q000523:psychology*; D008420:Manufactured Materials; D053001:Tool Use Behavior
keywords: Functional analysis; Hafting; Lower Paleolithic; Tool use