title: Mentoring and supervising clinical pharmacist students at patients' bedside: which benefits?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hospital clinical pharmacists are involved in teaching students during professional internship. Organization between the unit care and the pharmacy place is complicated. This study evaluated the effectiveness of two pharmaceutical teams: an experienced pharmacist in the pharmacy place, reachable by phone (team 1) or an experienced pharmacist in the ward, near patients and students (team 2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Pharmaceutical interventions were collected during two successive time periods, each of 6 months in a 15-bed unit (neurology). During the first time period, prescriptions were analyzed by the student (resident) in the ward and experienced pharmacist in the pharmacy place. During the second time period, prescriptions were analyzed by both experienced pharmacist and the resident in the ward. We compared the number, the type, the approval of pharmaceutical interventions and the medication reconciliation activities. Proportions were compared by a chisquared test (or Fisher exact test) as well as the quantitative value was calculated by a Student test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  'Mentoring and supervising' students in the ward increased significantly the number of pharmaceutical interventions (PI; 104 interventions for 1408 analyzed prescriptions (7.4%) by the students in the ward and 317 interventions for 1391 (22.8%) by both the experienced pharmacist and the students in the ward (P = 0.002). Furthermore, specific interventions from medication reconciliation were significantly increased by the presence of experienced pharmacist in the ward (0.96% vs. 8.83% P = 0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Effectiveness of clinical pharmacists can be improved by the presence of experienced pharmacist at patients' bedside, near students.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Département, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, University Hospital, Toulouse, Toulouse, France.|Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases I2MC, Team 6: Cardiac Remodeling and New Therapies, National Institute of Health and Medical, INSERM, Toulouse, France.|Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toulouse, Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rouzaud-Laborde
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Département, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, University Hospital, Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Léa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Damery
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Département, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, University Hospital, Toulouse, Toulouse, France.|Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toulouse, Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.|Team 1: Ageing and Alzheimer Disease: From Observation to Intervention, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cestac
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Département, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, University Hospital, Toulouse, Toulouse, France.|Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases I2MC, Team 6: Cardiac Remodeling and New Therapies, National Institute of Health and Medical, INSERM, Toulouse, France.|Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toulouse, Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sallerin
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Département, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, University Hospital, Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calvet
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059065:Medication Reconciliation; D000071252:Mentoring; D010362:Patients' Rooms; D010595:Pharmacists; D064172:Pharmacy Residencies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013339:Students, Pharmacy
keywords: medical error; patient-centred care