title: Social and behavioral problems among five gambling severity groups.
abstract: Gambling has been associated with various social and behavioral problems, but previous analyses have been limited by sample bias regarding gambling symptom severity range and the role of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). This study utilized a nationally representative data set and examined various characteristics of behavioral problems and ASPD among five gambling severity groups. Participants were 42,038 individuals who took part in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) and provided information on social and behavioral problems, ASPD, and gambling. Using DSM-IV criteria, we derived five gambling groups from the total sample: non-gambling, low-risk, at-risk, problem, and pathological gambling. Associations between all problematic behaviors and nearly every gambling severity level were significant prior to adjustment for sociodemographic variables and ASPD. Following the adjustment, all significant associations persisted, with the exception of sexual coercion. In the adjusted model, the financially oriented behaviors had the strongest associations with gambling. All gambling severity levels were associated with an increased risk for a number of problematic behaviors and social problems in comparison to non-gamblers.Further examination of gambling problems in financial and criminal justice settings is recommended.
authors.affiliation: University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Gambling Studies Program, UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, 760 Westwood Plaza, Suite 38-153, Los Angeles 90095-1759, CA, USA. Electronic address: Jacquelene@Post.Harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Jacquelene F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Moghaddam
authors.affiliation: Minneapolis VA Health Care System, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis 55417, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, F282/2A West 2450 Riverside Avenue South Minneapolis, 55454, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Gihyun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Gambling Studies Program, UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, 760 Westwood Plaza, Suite 38-153, Los Angeles 90095-1759, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Gambling Studies Program, UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, 760 Westwood Plaza, Suite 38-153, Los Angeles 90095-1759, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Fong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000066553:Problem Behavior; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Antisocial personality disorder; Behavioral problem; Criminal justice; Financial problem; Pathological gambling; Problem gambling; Social problem