title: Effects of coffee and caffeine anhydrous on strength and sprint performance.
abstract: Caffeine and coffee are widely used among active individuals to enhance performance. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effects of acute coffee (COF) and caffeine anhydrous (CAF) intake on strength and sprint performance. Fifty-four resistance-trained males completed strength testing, consisting of one-rep max (1RM) and repetitions to fatigue (RTF) at 80% of 1RM for leg press (LP) and bench press (BP). Participants then completed five, 10-second cycle ergometer sprints separated by one minute of rest. Peak power (PP) and total work (TW) were recorded for each sprint. At least 48 hours later, participants returned and ingested a beverage containing CAF (300 mg flat dose; yielding 3-5 mg/kg bodyweight), COF (8.9 g; 303 mg caffeine), or placebo (PLA; 3.8 g non-caloric flavouring) 30 minutes before testing. LP 1RM was improved more by COF than CAF (p = .04), but not PLA (p = .99). Significant interactions were not observed for BP 1RM, BP RTF, or LP RTF (p > .05). There were no sprint × treatment interactions for PP or TW (p > .05). 95% confidence intervals revealed a significant improvement in sprint 1 TW for CAF, but not COF or PLA. For PLA, significant reductions were observed in sprint 4 PP, sprint 2 TW, sprint 4 TW, and average TW; significant reductions were not observed with CAF or COF. Neither COF nor CAF improved strength outcomes more than PLA, while both groups attenuated sprint power reductions to a similar degree. Coffee and caffeine anhydrous may be considered suitable pre-exercise caffeine sources for high-intensity exercise.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Exercise and Sport Science , Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Trexler
authors.affiliation: a Department of Exercise and Sport Science , Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Abbie E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Smith-Ryan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Exercise and Sport Science , Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Erica J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Roelofs
authors.affiliation: a Department of Exercise and Sport Science , Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Katie R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.affiliation: a Department of Exercise and Sport Science , Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Meredith G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mock
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015308:Anaerobic Threshold; D054874:Athletic Performance; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002110:Caffeine
keywords: Ergogenic aids; anaerobic exercise; high-intensity exercise; maximal strength; resistance training