title: Third-order nonlinearity and passive Q-switching of Cr⁴⁺:YGG garnet crystal.
abstract: We demonstrate the third-order nonlinear optical properties of Cr(4+):Y(3)Ga(5)O(12) (Cr(4+):YGG) and Q-switched lasers with Cr(4+):YGG as the saturable absorber for the first time to our knowledge. The third-order nonlinear properties, including the optical Kerr nonlinearity and saturable absorption, were systematically measured and analyzed in detail by using a Z-scan technique. The measured data show that Cr(4+):YGG has a large nonlinear refractive index, ground-state absorption cross section, and excited-state absorption cross section in contrast to Cr(4+):Y(3)Al(5)O(12) (Cr(4+):YAG). With a Nd:YGG crystal as the gain medium and a Cr(4+):YGG crystal as the saturable absorber, the passively Q-switched laser was performed. The shortest pulse width and largest pulse energy were achieved at the absorbed pump power of 8 W with the values of 9.1 ns and 26.1 μJ, respectively, corresponding to the average output power of 0.87 W and peak power of 2.9 kW. The results indicate that Cr(4+):YGG is an available and promising optical switcher for pulsed lasers.
authors.forename: Shuxian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Haohai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Huaijin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guanghui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qihua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xiong