title: N-acetyltransferase 1 and 2 polymorphisms and risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in a Saudi population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There have been inconsistent reports on N-acetyltransferase (NAT) gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and data is particularly limited in the Arab population. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify whether the genetic polymorphisms of NAT1 and NAT2 play a role in susceptibility to T2DM in the Saudi population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based, prospective genetic association case-control study on a Saudi population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole blood, anthropometric measurements and biochemistry data were collected from 369 Saudi individuals (186 T2DM patients and 183 healthy controls). DNA was isolated from the blood. Polymorphism of NAT1 and NAT2 SNPs [NAT2*7B, rs1041983(C > T); NAT2*7, rs1799931(G > A); NAT2*6A, rs1799930(G > A); NAT2*5A, rs1799929(C > T); and NAT1*11A, rs4986988(C > T)] were evaluated by allelic discrimination using real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with T2DM had a significantly increased body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, sys.tolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol compared with healthy controls (P < .05). The rs1799931(G > A) genotype was detected in the control population but not in the T2DM population (P < .001). The wild type (G) allele frequency was higher in T2DM than controls (P=.038). The mutant allele (A) in rs1799931(G > A) had a protective effect for T2DM (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.16-0.62; P=.001). Regression analysis showed that BMI, systolic BP and triglycerides are potential risk factors for T2DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genotypes as well as the individual alleles of rs1799931(G > A) differed significantly be.tween the case and control populations. The variation in the data reported so far suggest that polymorphism of the NAT gene may vary among different geographical areas. Environmental or dietary factors may also contribute to disease manifestation.
authors.forename: Waleed M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Al-Shaqha
authors.affiliation: Dr. Khalid M. Alkharfy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy,, College of Pharmacy,, King Saud University,, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451,, Saudi Arabia, T: +966 1-467-7494, F: +966 1-467-7480, alkharfy@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Khalid M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Alkharfy
authors.forename: Nasser M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Al-Daghri
authors.forename: Abdul Khader
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mohammed
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007527:Isoenzymes; D014280:Triglycerides; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C089384:N-acetyltransferase 1; C478900:NAT2 protein, human