title: The potential of continuum versus biogenetic beliefs in reducing stigmatization against persons with schizophrenia: An experimental study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A central aspect of previous anti-stigma campaigns was the promotion of biogenetic causes of schizophrenia. Although biogenetic beliefs have been shown to reduce the blame given to persons with schizophrenia, they tend to increase discrimination and stereotypes such as dangerousness and unpredictability. A novel anti-stigma approach is to incorporate continuum beliefs in order to oppose the perceived separation, which is a main component of the stigma process. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of a continuum, a biogenetic, and a control intervention on stereotypes, fear, and social distance towards persons with schizophrenia. Furthermore, it was intended to replicate earlier findings on the associations between continuum beliefs, biogenetic beliefs, and different facets of stigmatization.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an online-experiment, 1189 participants from the general population randomly received either a continuum, a biogenetic, or a control intervention, which consisted of written information texts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The continuum group showed less endorsement of the stereotype incompetence/unpredictability than the biogenetic group. The biogenetic group ascribed less blame to persons with schizophrenia than the other groups. The correlation analyses indicated continuum beliefs to be consistently associated with lower stereotype scores, less fear, and less preferred social distance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sample was not fully representative and the experimental manipulations in our study consisted of relatively short information texts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that continuum beliefs have the potential to reduce stigmatization against persons with schizophrenia. However, future studies need to investigate the effects of more powerful interventions to promote them.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: martin.wiesjahn@staff.uni-marburg.de.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiesjahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Julian D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kremser
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rief
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Tania M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lincoln
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012929:Psychological Distance; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013240:Stereotyping; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Biogenetic; Continuum; Experiment; Schizophrenia; Stigma