title: Working memory, executive function and impulsivity in Internet-addictive disorders: a comparison with pathological gambling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to test whether individuals with Internet addiction disorder (IAD) presented analogous characteristics of working memory, executive function and impulsivity compared with pathological gambling (PG) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects included 23 individuals with IAD, 23 PG patients and 23 controls. All of the participants were measured with the digit span task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, go/no-go task and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) under the same experimental conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of this study showed that the false alarm rate, total response errors, perseverative errors, failure to maintain set and BIS-11 scores of both the IAD and PG groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. In addition, the forward scores and backwards scores, percentage of conceptual level responses, number of categories completed and hit rate of the IAD and PG groups were significantly lower than that of the control group. Furthermore, the false alarm rate and BIS-11 scores of the IAD group were significantly higher than those of PG patients, and the hit rate was significantly lower than that of the PG patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with IAD and PG patients present deficiencies in working memory, executive dysfunction and impulsivity, and individuals with IAD are more impulsive than PG patients.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Psychiatry,Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhenhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 3Grade 2013 class 3, Basic Medicine College of Liaoning Medical University,Liaoning Province,P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Psychiatry,Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Internet addiction disorder; executive function; impulsivity; pathological gambling; working memory