title: Seasonal variation on the presence of adenoviruses in stools from non-diarrheic patients.
abstract: Human adenoviruses (HAdV), members of the Adenoviridae family, are excreted through the fecal route and may be present in the feces of humans consuming contaminated food or water. The presence of HAdV from different serotypes in the feces of healthy individuals was already reported using conventional polymerase chain reaction; however, real-time PCR (qPCR) may reveal not only the rates of detection as well as demonstrate the viral loads excreted by healthy persons. Aiming to identify and characterize the presence of adenoviruses in stool samples, 147 fecal samples from patients with no records of diarrhea were analyzed (74 from winter season and 73 from summer) by Real-Time PCR (qPCR) assay and conventional PCR. HAdV genome was present in 43.8% (32/73) of stools samples collected during summer season and 21.6% (16/74) during winter. The rate of detection of genomic copies (gc) ranged from 4.04×10(2) to 6.72×10(5)gc/g of feces among the 147 samples analyzed, of which the ranged of genomic copies of DNA HAdV was major in summer. All samples were negative when tested for rotaviruses (RV) and noroviruses (NoV) by PCR conventional and qPCR respectively. HAdV is excreted constantly by infected individuals in the absence of clinical signs and the occurrence may vary seasonally.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michele Regina
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Vetter
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Staggemeier
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dalla Vecchia
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henzel
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rigotto
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Rosado
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Spilki
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029322:Norovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012621:Seasons; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HAdV; healthy individuals; qPCR; stool samples