title: Small-to-moderate decreases in cold hypersensitivity up to 3 years after severe hand injuries: A prospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The natural course and predictors for decreased cold hypersensitivity were studied in 85 patients with severe hand injuries involving nerve lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires including the McCabe Cold Sensitivity Severity scale (CSS 0-400) were collected after injury, and at 6-month, 12-month, 2-year, and 3-year follow-ups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between the 12-month and 3-year follow-up, there was a small decrease in cold hypersensitivity as measured by the CSS (median = 24; Q1-Q3 = -11-75; n = 85). Five of the patients recovered from cold hypersensitivity, and ∼ 40% of the patients were less affected by cold hypersensitivity in daily life. Little or no pain early after injury and higher CSS-scores 12 months after primary surgery were weakly associated with the reduced CSS-scores (R(2) = 0.20) at the 3-year follow-up. Six patients had changed work or did not work due to cold hypersensitivity, but the majority of the patients had kept their cold-exposed work.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cold-hypersensitive patients may have a reasonable chance for decreased cold sensitivity and cold-associated activity limitations over time, although the majority of the patients will experience persistent problems. Tools to predict improvement remain insufficient.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedics , Section of Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital , Norway .|b Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Norway .
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vaksvik
authors.affiliation: c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Oslo University Hospital , Norway .
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Røkkum
authors.affiliation: d Østfold Hospital Trust Moss , Norway , and.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Haugstvedt
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Norway .|e Department of Orthopaedics , Section of Research, Oslo University Hospital , Norway.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Holm
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D015331:Cohort Studies; D056587:Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006230:Hand Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: McCabe Cold Sensitivity Severity scale CSS; activities of daily living; cold hypersensitivity; cold intolerance; cold sensitivity; hand injury; nerve injury