title: Naturalistic teenage driving study: Findings and lessons learned.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This paper summarizes the findings on novice teenage driving outcomes (e.g., crashes and risky driving behaviors) from the Naturalistic Teenage Driving Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey and driving data from a data acquisition system (global positioning system, accelerometers, cameras) were collected from 42 newly licensed teenage drivers and their parents during the first 18 months of teenage licensure; stress responsivity was also measured in teenagers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall teenage crash and near-crash (CNC) rates declined over time, but were >4 times higher among teenagers than adults. Contributing factors to teenage CNC rates included secondary task engagement (e.g., distraction), kinematic risky driving, low stress responsivity, and risky social norms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data support the contention that the high novice teenage CNC risk is due both to inexperience and risky driving behavior, particularly kinematic risky driving and secondary task engagement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Graduated driver licensing policy and other prevention efforts should focus on kinematic risky driving, secondary task engagement, and risky social norms.
authors.affiliation: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd., Room 7B13M, Bethesda, MD, 20892-7510, USA. Electronic address: mortonb@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Bruce G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Simons-Morton
authors.affiliation: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Sheila G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Klauer
authors.affiliation: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd., Room 7B13M, Bethesda, MD, 20892-7510, USA; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ouimet
authors.affiliation: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd., Room 7B13M, Bethesda, MD, 20892-7510, USA.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.affiliation: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd., Room 7B13M, Bethesda, MD, 20892-7510, USA.
authors.forename: Johnathon P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ehsani
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Anuj K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pradhan
authors.affiliation: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Dingus
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008004:Licensure; D008297:Male; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D010290:Parents; D012309:Risk-Taking; D066262:Social Norms; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Accidents; Adolescence; Expertise; Kinematic; Risk taking; Speeding