title: Multidimensionality of the relationship between social status and dietary patterns in early childhood: longitudinal results from the French EDEN mother-child cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between socioeconomic position and diet in early childhood has mainly been addressed based on maternal education and household income. We aimed to assess the influence of a variety of social factors from different socio-ecological levels (parents, household and child-care) on multi-time point dietary patterns identified from 2 to 5 y.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 974 children from the French EDEN mother-child cohort. Two multi-time point dietary patterns were derived in a previous study: they correspond to consistent exposures to either core- or non-core foods across 2, 3 and 5 y and were labelled "Guidelines" and "Processed, fast-foods". The associations of various social factors collected during pregnancy (age, education level) or at 2-y follow-up (mother's single status, occupation, work commitments, household financial disadvantage, presence of older siblings and child-care arrangements) with each of the two dietary patterns, were assessed by multivariable linear regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The adherence to a diet close to "Guidelines" was positively and independently associated with both maternal and paternal education levels. The adherence to a diet consistently composed of processed and fast-foods was essentially linked with maternal variables (younger age and lower education level), household financial disadvantage, the presence of older sibling (s) and being cared for at home by someone other than the mother.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multiple social factors operating at different levels (parents, household, and child-care) were found to be associated with the diet of young children. Different independent predictors were found for each of the two longitudinal dietary patterns, suggesting distinct pathways of influence. Our findings further suggest that interventions promoting healthier dietary choices for young children should involve both parents and take into account not only household financial disadvantage but also maternal age, family size and options for child-care.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.
authors.forename: Soumaïla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Camara
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.
authors.forename: Blandine
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Lauzon-Guillain
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Heude
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Aline
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.|University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: Jérémie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Botton
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Plancoulaine
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forhan
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Team (EPOPé), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Josèphe
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Saurel-Cubizolles
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dargent-Molina
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early ORigin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, France, Paris, F-75014, France. sandrine.lioret@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lioret
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002654:Child Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D057140:Fast Foods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010290:Parents; D011247:Pregnancy; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult