title: QMix® irrigant reduces lipopolysacharide (LPS) levels in an in vitro model.
abstract: The presence of endotoxin inside the root canal has been associated with periapical inflammation, bone resorption and symptomatic conditions.Objectives To determine, in vitro, the effect of QMix® and other three root canal irrigants in reducing the endotoxin content in root canals.Material and Methods Root canals of single-rooted teeth were prepared. Samples were detoxified with Co-60 irradiation and inoculated with E. coli LPS (24 h, at 37°C). After that period, samples were divided into 4 groups, according to the irrigation solution tested: QMix®, 17% EDTA, 2% chlorhexidine solution (CHX), and 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). LPS quantification was determined by Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay. The initial counting of endotoxins for all samples, and the determination of LPS levels in non-contaminated teeth and in contaminated teeth exposed only to non-pyrogenic water, were used as controls.Results QMix® reduced LPS levels, with a median value of 1.11 endotoxins units (EU)/mL (p<0.001). NaOCl (25.50 EU/mL), chlorhexidine (44.10 EU/mL) and positive control group (26.80 EU/mL) samples had similar results. Higher levels were found with EDTA (176.00 EU/mL) when compared to positive control (p<0.001). There was no significant difference among EDTA, NaOCl and CHX groups. Negative control group (0.005 EU/mL) had statistically significant lower levels of endotoxins when compared to all test groups (p<0.001).Conclusion QMix® decreased LPS levels when compared to the other groups (p<0.001). 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX and 17% EDTA were not able to significantly reduce the root canal endotoxins load.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, BR.
authors.forename: Grasiela Longhi
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Gründling
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, BR.
authors.forename: Tiago André Fontoura de
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, BR.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montagner
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, BR.
authors.forename: Roberta Kochenborger
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Scarparo
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, BR.
authors.forename: Fabiana Vieira
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Vier-Pelisser
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001645:Biguanides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis*; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001645:Biguanides; D004202:Disinfectants; D004731:Endotoxins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011108:Polymers; C557698:QMix root canal irrigant; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; C044101:endotoxin, Escherichia coli; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D002710:Chlorhexidine