title: RB Particle Filter Time Synchronization Algorithm Based on the DPM Model.
abstract: Time synchronization is essential for node localization, target tracking, data fusion, and various other Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications. To improve the estimation accuracy of continuous clock offset and skew of mobile nodes in WSNs, we propose a novel time synchronization algorithm, the Rao-Blackwellised (RB) particle filter time synchronization algorithm based on the Dirichlet process mixture (DPM) model. In a state-space equation with a linear substructure, state variables are divided into linear and non-linear variables by the RB particle filter algorithm. These two variables can be estimated using Kalman filter and particle filter, respectively, which improves the computational efficiency more so than if only the particle filter was used. In addition, the DPM model is used to describe the distribution of non-deterministic delays and to automatically adjust the number of Gaussian mixture model components based on the observational data. This improves the estimation accuracy of clock offset and skew, which allows achieving the time synchronization. The time synchronization performance of this algorithm is also validated by computer simulations and experimental measurements. The results show that the proposed algorithm has a higher time synchronization precision than traditional time synchronization algorithms.
authors.affiliation: College of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China. gcs@hdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China. shenjia_hdu@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: College of Automation Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China. sunyao@hdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China. yingna@hdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ying
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002138:Calibration; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: dirichlet process mixture model; rao-blackwellised particle filter; time synchronization; wireless sensor networks