title: A Meta-Analysis of Palonosetron for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse effects of palonosetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
  
  
  METHODS
  A meta-analysis using a systematic search strategy was performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials was performed to compare palonosetron with first-generation 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist (5-HT3RA) or placebo to prevent PONV. Fixed or random effect models were used to combine homogenous data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 10 randomized controlled clinical trials including 1,827 patients were identified. The data showed statistically significant differences in favor of palonosetron (0.075 mg) in the prevention of acute PONV (P < .00001) and delayed PONV (P < .002), reducing the risk of PONV by 49% and 51%, respectively. Subgroup analyses indicated significant differences in favor of palonosetron compared with placebo (P < .00001) or first-generation 5-HT3RA (P = .002). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of headache, dizziness, and constipation between palonosetron and control groups (P = .85, P = .22, and P = .30, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this meta-analysis suggest that intravenous palonosetron could become a prophylactic antiemetic 5-HT3RA in the prevention of PONV compared with first-generation 5-HT3RAs or placebo. No increased risk of side effects with palonosetron were found.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Likun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077924:Palonosetron; D010919:Placebos; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D007546:Isoquinolines; D010919:Placebos; D011812:Quinuclidines; D000077924:Palonosetron
keywords: 5-HT3RA; PONV; meta-analysis; palonosetron; prophylaxis