title: Actinomyces gerencseriae hip prosthesis infection: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Actinomyces bacteria are part of the human oropharyngeal microbiota. They have been associated with abdominal, cervicofacial and thoracic infections and a few cases of joint infections have also been described. In particular, Actinomyces gerencseriae, formerly described as Actinomyces israelii serovar II, has rarely been associated with human infections, mostly involving cervicofacial lesions and periodontal diseases. Here, we report one case of hip prosthesis infection due to A. gerencseriae.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 72-year-old Caucasian male developed an inflammatory collection on the outside of the right thigh where a hip prosthesis had been implanted for 11 years. Culturing a fluid sample from the collection puncture found Staphylococcus hominis and a Gram-positive bacillus unidentified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). Sequencing the 16S rRNA gene amplified from both the specimen and the isolate identified A. gerencseriae. Treatment adjusted with amoxicillin and trimethropim-sulfamethoxazole cured the infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The recently described A. gerencseriae has rarely been involved in human infections. We report the first case of A. gerencseriae joint infection in a hip prosthesis.
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, 13005, Marseille, France. greg.dubourg@gmail.com.|Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France. greg.dubourg@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Grégory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dubourg
authors.affiliation: Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France. marion.delord@ap-hm.fr.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delord
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, 13005, Marseille, France. frederique.gouriet@ap-hm.fr.|Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France. frederique.gouriet@ap-hm.fr.
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gouriet
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, 13005, Marseille, France. pierre-edouard.fournier@univ-amu.fr.|Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France. pierre-edouard.fournier@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: Pierre-Edouard
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, 13005, Marseille, France. michel.drancourt@univ-amu.fr.|Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France. michel.drancourt@univ-amu.fr.|Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, Faculté de Médecine, 27, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 5, France. michel.drancourt@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drancourt
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000368:Aged; D006622:Hip Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D041181:Staphylococcus hominis / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S