title: Serum miR-124 up-regulation as a disease marker of toxic epidermal necrolysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a lethal complication of drugs, thus early diagnosis and treatment are important. However, there are no satisfactory clinical biomarkers of TEN.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated miR-124 and miR-214 expressions in serum and skin tissues of severe drug eruptions to evaluate the possibility of biomarkers of TEN.
  
  
  METHODS
  microRNAs were extracted from serum and skin tissues. Serum samples were obtained from 7 TEN patients, 5 Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) patients, 11 erythema multiforme (EM) minor patients and 21 healthy volunteers. Skin tissues were obtained from 4 TEN patients, 3 SJS patients, 8 EM minor patients, 3 psoriasis and 3 atopic dermatitis patients. Six control skin samples were obtained. MicroRNA concentrations were determined by PCR array and real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentrations of miR-124 in sera from TEN were significantly higher than those from healthy controls. In the characteristics curve analysis of serum miR-124 for differentiating TEN patients from normal subjects, the area under curve was 0.94. The serum miR-124 concentration was strongly correlated with the erosion area and the SCORTEN scale. The expression of miR-214 was significantly increased in the skin of TEN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The serum miR-124 concentration can be used as a disease activity marker for severe drug eruptions, reflecting the severity of keratinocyte apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ichihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jinnin
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ihn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012372:ROC Curve; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013262:Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; C509207:MIRN124 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: apoptosis; biomarker; diagnosis; drug eruption; microRNA; skin