title: MS-Based Metabolite Profiling of Aboveground and Root Components of Zingiber mioga and Officinale.
abstract: Zingiber species are members of the Zingiberaceae family, and are widely used for medicinal and food purposes. In this study aboveground and root parts of Zingiber mioga and Zingiber officinale were subjected to metabolite profiling by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) in order to characterize them by species and parts and also to measure bioactivities. Both primary and secondary metabolites showed clear discrimination in the PCA score plot and PLS-DA by species and parts. Tetrahydrocurcumin, diarylheptanoid, 8-gingerol, and 8-paradol were discriminating metabolites between Z. mioga and Z. officinale that were present in different quantities. Eleven flavonoids, six amino acids, six organic acids, four fatty acids, and gingerenone A were higher in the aboveground parts than the root parts. Antioxidant activities were measured and were highest in the root part of Z. officinale. The relatively high contents of tetrahydrocurcumin, diarylheptanoid, and galanganol C in the root part of Z. officinale showed highly positive correlation with bioactivities based on correlation assay. On the basis of these results, we can suggest different usages of structurally different parts of Zingiber species as food plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea. loveheartlovone@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ji Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea. duly123@naver.com.
authors.forename: Sunmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea. kim@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hyang Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea. chlee123@konkuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Choong Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: GC-TOF-MS; UPLC-Q-TOF-MS; Zingiber mioga; Zingiber officinale; Zingiberaceae; antioxidant activity; metabolomics