title: Trampoline related injuries in adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Trampoline-related injuries in adults are uncommon. Participation in trampolining is increasing following its admission as a sport in the Olympics and the opening of local recreational trampoline centres. The aim of this study was to assess the number and outcomes of adult trampoline-related orthopaedic injuries presenting to four trauma hospitals in Victoria.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort study was performed for the period 2007-2013. Adult patients registered by the Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry (VOTOR) who had sustained a trampolining related injury were included in this study. Descriptive analyses were used to describe the patient population, the injuries sustained and their in-hospital and 6-month outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an increase in trampolining injuries from 2007 (n=3) to 2012 (n=14) and 2013 (n=18). Overall, fifty patients with a median age of 25 (range 16-66) were identified. Thirty-five patients (70%) had lower limb injuries, 20 patients (40%) had spinal injuries and one patient had an upper limb injury. Thirty-nine patients (78%) required surgery. Fractures of the tibia (n=13), ankle fractures (n=12) and cervical spine injuries (n=7) were the most common injuries; all of which required surgery. Complications included death, spinal cord injuries, compartment syndrome and open fractures. At 6 months post injury, more than half (52%) of the patients had not achieved a good recovery, 32% had some form of persistent disability, 14% did not get back to work and overall physical health for the cohort was well below population norms for the SF-12.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adult trampoline-related injuries have increased in the last few years in this cohort identified through VOTOR. Lower limb and spinal injuries are most prevalent. Public awareness and education are important to reduce the risk for people participating in this activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Lara A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kimmel
authors.affiliation: Gymnastics Australia, Australia; The Melbourne Sports Medicine Centre, Australia.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Belinda J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Gabbe
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Liew
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: ash@moaveni.com.au.
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamali Moaveni
mesh_terms: D000056:Accident Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000061:Accidents, Home / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006266:Health Education; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010988:Play and Playthings; D011998:Recreation; D062707:Return to Work; D012307:Risk Factors; D013124:Spinal Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019876:Sports Equipment / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014193:Trauma Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014739:Victoria / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Adults; Cohort study; Fractures; Trampoline; Trauma; Trauma registry