title: Acute effects of protein composition and fibre enrichment of yogurt consumed as snacks on appetite sensations and subsequent ad libitum energy intake in healthy men.
abstract: The objective of the study was to assess the impact of protein composition and/or fibre enrichment of yogurt on appetite sensations and subsequent energy intake. In this double-blind crossover study, 20 healthy men (aged 32.4 ± 9.1 years) were submitted to 5 randomized testing sessions, during which they had to consume 5 isocaloric and isonproteinemic yogurt snacks (120-g servings, ∼230 kJ, ∼4.5 g protein) differing by their casein-to-whey protein ratio (C:W) or dietary fibre content: (i) control C:W = 2.8:1; (ii) high whey (HW) C:W = 1.5:1, and fibre-enriched formulations using control; (iii) 2.4 g of inulin; (iv) 1.9 g of inulin and 0.5 g of β-glucan (+IN-βG); and (v) 0.5 g of β-glucan. Appetite sensations were assessed using 150-mm visual analog scales. Plasma variables (glucose, insulin, ghrelin) were measured at 30-min intervals post-yogurt consumption for 2 h. Finally, energy intakes during ad libitum lunches offered 2 h after yogurt snacks were recorded. None of the yogurts impacted appetite sensations. Ad libitum energy intake was significantly different only between HW and control yogurts (-812 kJ; p = 0.03). Regarding post-yogurt plasma variables, a significant difference was found only between ghrelin area under the curve of the +IN-βG and the HW yogurts (-15 510 pmol/L per 120 min, p = 0.04). In conclusion, although appetite sensations were not influenced by variations in yogurts' protein compositions, a reduced energy intake was observed during the ad libitum lunch after the HW yogurt that may be attributable to its lower C:W. Surprisingly, the fibre enrichments studied did not exert effect on appetite sensations and energy intake.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Caroline Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Doyon
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: b STELA Dairy Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Laurie-Eve
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Rioux
authors.affiliation: c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.|d Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rhéaume
authors.affiliation: c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cianflone
authors.affiliation: c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
authors.forename: Pegah
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poursharifi
authors.affiliation: b STELA Dairy Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvie L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Turgeon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D062410:Snacks; D015014:Yogurt
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins
keywords: appetite; appétit; fermented milk products; ghrelin; ghréline; milk proteins; obesity; obésité; produits laitiers fermentés; protéines laitières; satiety; satiété