title: Soft tissue modelling with conical springs.
abstract: This paper presents a new method for real-time modelling soft tissue deformation. It improves the traditional mass-spring model with conical springs to deal with nonlinear mechanical behaviours of soft tissues. A conical spring model is developed to predict soft tissue deformation with reference to deformation patterns. The model parameters are formulated according to tissue deformation patterns and the nonlinear behaviours of soft tissues are modelled with the stiffness variation of conical spring. Experimental results show that the proposed method can describe different tissue deformation patterns using one single equation and also exhibit the typical mechanical behaviours of soft tissues.
authors.affiliation: School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
authors.forename: Nadzeri
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.affiliation: School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
authors.forename: Yongmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
authors.forename: Reza N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jazar
authors.affiliation: Swinburne Research & Development, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Subic
authors.affiliation: Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Bijan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shirinzadeh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000502:physiology*; D006244:Hardness / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Soft tissue modelling; conical spring; stiffness variation; tissue deformation patterns