title: The Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) in Women using Liquid Base Pap Smear in Rasht, Northern of Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. However, little is known about its prevalence in the female population in Rasht, Northern of Iran. The aim of this study was to find the incidences of HPV viruses in high-risk women in Rasht by wet Pap smear from 2010 to 2015.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study investigated HPV prevalence and its genotype distribution among 103 apparently healthy and non- healthy women with abnormal cells in pap exam. DNA samples were extracted by boiling and phenol - chloroform methods, then used as template for amplifying of specific fragment of HPV genome by PCR using GP5+ / GP6+ primers. PCR products were electrophoresed in 1.5% agarose gel (Roche, Germany) containing Sybrsafe. DNA ladder (Roche Co, Germany) was used to detect the molecular weights of observed bands under UV lamp.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 4/98 women (4.08%) with normal cells and 1/5 women (20%) with abnormal cells were positive for at least one of the high risk HPV types in wet Pap smear. The most HPV infection was found in 26 to 39-year-old individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We evidenced a moderate prevalence of HPV infection but needs to be given more attention because in apparently healthy women also, HPV infection was observed. Health officials should conduct the study and wider screening of this infection occurring in this province. Screening for this infection must be recommended in this region.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Rasht Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Guilan, Iran .
authors.forename: Seyed Mohamad Mohseni
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mehran
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Mandana Mansour
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ghanaei
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Rasht Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Guilan, Iran .
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mojtehadi
keywords: GP5+/GP6+; PCR; Rasht (Guilan province, Northern of Iran)