title: An increase in IL-1β concentrations in embryo culture-conditioned media obtained by in vitro fertilization on day 3 is related to successful implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate interleukin (IL)-1β concentrations in maternal serum and in embryo-cultured conditioned media and to correlate these findings with success of implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 70 infertile women who underwent in vitro fertilization treatment were studied. IL-1β concentrations were quantified in maternal serum and in embryo culture-conditioned media on days 1 and 3. The findings were compared between those who achieved pregnancy and those who did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were found in IL-1β serum concentrations between the groups. IL-1β was not detected in day 1 culture-conditioned medium. On day 3, IL-1β was quantified in 27 patients, and IL-1β concentrations were significantly higher in women who achieved pregnancy than in those who did not (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High IL-1β concentrations in day 3 culture-conditioned medium in patients who achieve pregnancy after in vitro fertilization treatment indicate a possible role of embryonic IL-1β in the implantation process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Infertility, National Institute of Perinatology, Montes Urales 800 Lomas Virreyes, CP: 11000, México DF, México.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sequeira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Perinatology, México DF, México.
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espejel-Núñez
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Infertility, National Institute of Perinatology, Montes Urales 800 Lomas Virreyes, CP: 11000, México DF, México.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vega-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Perinatology, México DF, México.
authors.forename: Anayansi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molina-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics and Genomics, National Institute of Perinatology, México DF, México. pgrether@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grether-González
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000032:analysis*; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000097:blood; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: Embryo; Implantation; In vitro fertilization; Interleukin-1β