title: Role of Type 1 Diabetes-Associated SNPs on Autoantibody Positivity in the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium: Overview.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 1 diabetes (T1D) arises from the autoimmune destruction of the β-cells of the pancreas, resulting in dependence on exogenously administered insulin for survival. Key biomarkers of the autoimmune process in T1D are the occurrence of autoantibodies directed against β-cells and other antigens. The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC) assembled collections to 1) discover genes that modify the risk of T1D, 2) conduct phenotyping related to risk, and 3) make available biologic and genetic resources for research. The goal of the T1DGC Autoantibody Workshop was to use T1DGC phenotypic, genotypic, and autoantibody data on affected sibling pair (ASP) families to discover genes accounting for variation in presence of autoantibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The T1DGC provided the working groups with autoantibody and genetic data on 9,976 subjects from 2,321 ASP families. Data were distributed to numerous working groups for analyses of specific autoantibody subsets and targets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven groups analyzed the joint autoantibody and genetic data within the ASP families. Six reports are provided in this collection, ranging from candidate gene analyses of selected autoantibodies to evaluation of regions of genetic variants associated with autoimmunity on the collection of autoantibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although selected variants in the available genes remain important genetic predictors for prevalence of T1D, other genes and nongenetic factors are expected to contribute to the initiation of islet autoimmunity, the first step in the pathogenesis of T1D.
authors.affiliation: Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA ssr4n@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.affiliation: Genetics Institute and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Concannon
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000276:immunology; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007328:Insulin