title: Monotherapy for hepatitis B infection: a review of treatment options.
abstract: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a global health problem, causing liver failure, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. CHB treatment aims to prevent liver-related complication. The treatment of CHB infection includes monotherapy with either interferons (IFNs) or nucleos(t)ide (NUC) analogs. IFNs have moderate antiviral effects, and their use is limited by side effects. With the availability of NUCs, IFN-intolerant and decompensated cirrhotic patients began to be treated. Lamivudine and telbivudine, nucleoside analogs, have low genetic barrier to resistance. Adefovir, a nucleotide analog, has moderate potency and potential nephrotoxicity. Entecavir and tenofovir, with their high potency, high genetic barrier to resistance and favorable safety profile are the standard of care in CHB treatment. Long-term use of NUCs with maintained viral suppression results in a decrease in liver-related complications.
authors.forename: Resat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ozaras
authors.affiliation: a Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hawa'a
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khodor
authors.affiliation: a Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nergul
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yetim
authors.affiliation: a Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Umut Kaan
authors.initials: UK
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.affiliation: a Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yunus Emre
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Demirhan
authors.affiliation: a Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Goknil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gultekin
authors.affiliation: a Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Isal
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006147:Guanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077712:Telbivudine; D013936:Thymidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D000077712:Telbivudine; D019259:Lamivudine; C413685:entecavir; D006147:Guanine; C053001:adefovir; D007372:Interferons; D000225:Adenine; D013936:Thymidine
keywords: adefovir; chronic hepatitis B; entecavir; interferon; lamivudine; telbivudine; tenofovir