title: Molecular epidemiology and distribution of serotypes, genotypes, and antibiotic resistance genes of Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates from Guelma, Algeria and Marseille, France.
abstract: This study describes, for the first time, the genetic and phenotypic diversity among 93 Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus, GBS) isolates collected from Guelma, Algeria and Marseille, France. All strains were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The molecular support of antibiotic resistance and serotyping were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The phylogenetic lineage of each GBS isolate was determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and grouped into clonal complexes (CCs) using eBURST. The isolates represented 37 sequence types (STs), 16 of which were novel, grouped into five CCs, and belonging to seven serotypes. Serotype V was the most prevalent serotype in our collection (44.1%). GBS isolates of each serotype were distributed among multiple CCs, including cps III/CC19, cps V/CC1, cps Ia/CC23, cps II/CC10, and cps III/CC17. All isolates presented susceptibility to penicillin, whereas resistance to erythromycin was detected in 40% and tetracycline in 82.2% of isolates. Of the 37 erythromycin-resistant isolates, 75.7% showed the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB)-resistant phenotype and 24.3% exhibited the macrolide (M)-resistant phenotype. Constitutive MLSB resistance (46%) mediated by the ermB gene was significantly associated with the Guelma isolates, whereas the M resistance phenotype (24.3%) mediated by the mefA/E gene dominated among the Marseille isolates and belonged to ST-23. Tetracycline resistance was predominantly due to tetM, which was detected alone (95.1%) or associated with tetO (3.7%). These results provide epidemiological data in these regions that establish a basis for monitoring increased resistance to erythromycin and also provide insight into correlations among clones, serotypes, and resistance genes.
authors.affiliation: Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1905, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.|Département d'Écologie et Génie de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945, Guelma, Algeria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergal
authors.affiliation: Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1905, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.|Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Molécules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire (LBMBPC), Université El Hadj Lakhdar, Batna, Algeria.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Loucif
authors.affiliation: Département d'Écologie et Génie de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945, Guelma, Algeria.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Benouareth
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU Dorban, Annaba, Algeria.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bentorki
authors.affiliation: Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1905, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abat
authors.affiliation: Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1905, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France. jean-marc.rolain@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rolain
mesh_terms: D000462:Algeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D065288:Serogroup; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents