title: Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy.
abstract: Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body. It has been recognized as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymatic reactions, where it is crucial for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism. Magnesium is required for DNA and RNA synthesis, reproduction, and protein synthesis. Moreover, magnesium is essential for the regulation of muscular contraction, blood pressure, insulin metabolism, cardiac excitability, vasomotor tone, nerve transmission and neuromuscular conduction. Imbalances in magnesium status-primarily hypomagnesemia as it is seen more common than hypermagnesemia-might result in unwanted neuromuscular, cardiac or nervous disorders. Based on magnesium's many functions within the human body, it plays an important role in prevention and treatment of many diseases. Low levels of magnesium have been associated with a number of chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (e.g., stroke), migraine headaches, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
authors.affiliation: Academy of Micronutrient Medicine, Essen 45130, Germany. uwegroeber@gmx.net.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gröber
authors.affiliation: Academy of Micronutrient Medicine, Essen 45130, Germany. Prof.schmidt.dd@t-online.de.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Academy of Micronutrient Medicine, Essen 45130, Germany. kisters@annahospital.de.|Department of Internal Medicine I, St. Anna-Hospital, Herne 44649, Germany. kisters@annahospital.de.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kisters
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D009752:Nutritional Status; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium
keywords: ADHD; Alzheimer’s disease; asthma; cardiovascular disease; diabetes mellitus; hypomagnesemia; magnesium