title: Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants.
abstract: Atmospheric size-fractionated particles were collected at different heights in an e-waste recycling zone (QY) and urban Guangzhou (GZ), China and analyzed for organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs). The total air concentrations of eight OPFRs were 130±130 and 138±127 ng m(-3) in QY and GZ, respectively. Compositional profiles of chlorinated OPFRs were different between QY and GZ, but the size distribution patterns of all OPFRs were not significantly different at different heights. Estimated atmospheric deposition fluxes of OPFRs were 51±67 and 55±13 μg m(-2) d(-1) in QY and GZ, respectively, and the coarse particles (Dp>1.8 μm) dominated both the dry and wet deposition fluxes. Moreover, not all particle-bound OPFRs were inhalable and deposited in the human respiratory tract. The calculated inhalation doses of OPFRs were much lower than the reference doses, suggesting that potential health risk due to inhalation exposure to particle-bound OPFRs in the e-waste recycling zone and urban site was low.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: baolj@gig.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Lian-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: School of Environment and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Air Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada.
authors.forename: Shao-Meng
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Environment and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Eddy Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D059029:Electronic Waste; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D010316:Particle Size; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D010755:Organophosphates
keywords: Deposition flux; Inhalation exposure; Organophosphate flame retardants; Size distribution; e-Waste recycling