title: Hybrid nanoparticles for combination therapy of cancer.
abstract: Nanoparticle anticancer drug delivery enhances therapeutic efficacies and reduces side effects by improving pharmacokinetics and biodistributions of the drug payloads in animal models. Despite promising preclinical efficacy results, monotherapy nanomedicines have failed to produce enhanced response rates over conventional chemotherapy in human clinical trials. The discrepancy between preclinical data and clinical outcomes is believed to result from the less pronounced enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in and the heterogeneity of human tumors as well as the intrinsic/acquired drug resistance to monotherapy over the treatment course. To address these issues, recent efforts have been devoted to developing nanocarriers that can efficiently deliver multiple therapeutics with controlled release properties and increased tumor deposition. In ideal scenarios, the drug or therapeutic modality combinations have different mechanisms of action to afford synergistic effects. In this review, we summarize recent progress in designing hybrid nanoparticles for the co-delivery of combination therapies, including multiple chemotherapeutics, chemotherapeutics and biologics, chemotherapeutics and photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapeutics and radiotherapy. The in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 E 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Chunbai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 E 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Jianqin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 E 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Electronic address: wenbinlin@uchicago.edu.
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006046:Gold / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017646:Organosilicon Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017646:Organosilicon Compounds; D011108:Polymers; C569780:polysilsesquioxane; C000499:ferric oxide; D006046:Gold
keywords: Co-delivery; Combination therapy of cancer; Hybrid nanoparticle; Synergistic effect